- published: 07 Aug 2009
- views: 16572
- author: David Raetsen
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Brittany Filmography
- The Contract (2002)
- Hotel Tales (2001)
- Their Cheatin' Ways (1999)
- 100% Amateur 50 (1998)
- Silver Screen Confidential (1998)
- Rainwoman 10 (1997)
- New Wave Hookers 5 (1997)
- Airotica (1996)
- Guilty as Sin (1996)
- Deep Focus (1995)
- Pussywoman 2 (1994)
- Racquel's Treasure Hunt (1994)
- Pussywoman 1: Sisters in Sin (1994)
- Pussywoman 1: Sisters in Sin (1994)
- Haunted Nights (1993)
- The Smart Ass Returns (1993)
- Silent Stranger (1992)
- The Devil Made Her Do It (1992)
- Back to Nature (1991)
- Lover's Trance (1991)
- Wicked (1991)
- Female Persuasion (1990)
- 19 and Nasty (1990)
- Anal Alley (1990)
- Backpackers (1990)
- Breast Side Story (1990)
- Family Affairs (1990)
- Famous Anus (1990)
- Jail Babes (1990)
- Juggernaut (1990)
- Kinky Couples (1990)
- Legend (1990)
- Money Honey (1990)
- Porn on the 4th of July (1990)
- Precious Peaks (1990)
- Secret (1990)
- Switch Hitters 5: Night Games (1990)
- The Rebel (1990)
- The Smart Ass 2: Rusty's Revenge (1990)
- The Smart Ass Vacation (1990)
- Vegas 3: Let It Ride (1990)
- Wire Desire (1990)
- Breast Stroke 3 (1989)
- Head Co-ed Society (1989)
- Behind You All the Way (1989)
- Friday Night Fever (1989)
- The End of the Innocence (1989)
- Trouble (1989)
Brittany Filmography
Brittany Filmography
Send this Playlist by SMS
Brittany, France
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 6:59
- Updated: 01 May 2013
A brief tour through the Brittany region of France (including Rennes) in October of 2008. Special thanks to Uncle Mike and Aunt Pat.
http://wn.com/Brittany,_France
A brief tour through the Brittany region of France (including Rennes) in October of 2008. Special thanks to Uncle Mike and Aunt Pat.
Abigail and Brittany Hensel "Due Ragazze con un corpo solo"
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 5:03
- Updated: 25 May 2013
Incredibile, due ragazze Americane vivono con un corpo solo!
http://wn.com/Abigail_and_Brittany_Hensel_Due_Ragazze_con_un_corpo_solo
Incredibile, due ragazze Americane vivono con un corpo solo!
- published: 06 Nov 2007
- views: 37622540
- author: Paolo Soru
Conjoined Twins Abby and Brittany's New TLC Reality Show - The Breakdown
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 1:42
- Updated: 25 May 2013
Conjoined Twins Abby & Brittany star in a new Reality Show on TLC on August 28th 2012. The 22 year old conjoined twins Abby and Brittany give you a glimpse i...
http://wn.com/Conjoined_Twins_Abby_and_Brittany's_New_TLC_Reality_Show_The_Breakdown
Conjoined Twins Abby & Brittany star in a new Reality Show on TLC on August 28th 2012. The 22 year old conjoined twins Abby and Brittany give you a glimpse i...
- published: 09 Aug 2012
- views: 551628
- author: The Breakdown
Forever the Sickest Kids - Hey Brittany (High Quality)
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:04
- Updated: 24 May 2013
http://wn.com/Forever_the_Sickest_Kids_Hey_Brittany_High_Quality
Brittany And The Chipettes- Bad Romance (Chipwrecked)
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 4:38
- Updated: 24 May 2013
http://wn.com/Brittany_And_The_Chipettes_Bad_Romance_Chipwrecked
Somebody That I Used to Know - Gotye featuring Kimbra (Brittany Underwood Cover)
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:25
- Updated: 15 May 2013
http://wn.com/Somebody_That_I_Used_to_Know_Gotye_featuring_Kimbra_Brittany_Underwood_Cover
Brittany Wenger at TEDxWomen 2012
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 8:44
- Updated: 18 May 2013
Brittany Wenger talks about Cloud4Cancer, a computer program she designed to diagnose breast cancer more accurately and less invasively. She won the grand pr...
http://wn.com/Brittany_Wenger_at_TEDxWomen_2012
Brittany Wenger talks about Cloud4Cancer, a computer program she designed to diagnose breast cancer more accurately and less invasively. She won the grand pr...
- published: 05 Dec 2012
- views: 6624
- author: TEDxTalks
The best lines from Brittany on Glee!
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 1:05
- Updated: 23 May 2013
Gay sharks.
http://wn.com/The_best_lines_from_Brittany_on_Glee!
Brittany and I
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:35
- Updated: 14 May 2013
Wipe me down ;)
http://wn.com/Brittany_and_I
Just Brittany "Southside" 2k13
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 2:11
- Updated: 16 May 2013
Just Brittany does a quick visual to promote her Highly Anticipated Mixtape "QOH ll" Sides To A Story, Directed by Chris L of Another L Vizion/The Narrators....
http://wn.com/Just_Brittany_Southside_2k13
Just Brittany does a quick visual to promote her Highly Anticipated Mixtape "QOH ll" Sides To A Story, Directed by Chris L of Another L Vizion/The Narrators....
- published: 02 May 2013
- author: itsjustbrittany
A Date with History: 17 yr old Brittany Trilford addresses world leaders at the UN Earth Summit
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 4:56
- Updated: 16 May 2013
On Wednesday 20 June, 2012 17-year-old Brittany Trilford of Wellington, New Zealand addressed 130 heads of state at the opening plenary of the Rio+20 UN Eart...
http://wn.com/A_Date_with_History_17_yr_old_Brittany_Trilford_addresses_world_leaders_at_the_UN_Earth_Summit
On Wednesday 20 June, 2012 17-year-old Brittany Trilford of Wellington, New Zealand addressed 130 heads of state at the opening plenary of the Rio+20 UN Eart...
- published: 20 Jun 2012
- views: 66783
- author: TckTckTck
The Future I Want: Brittany Trilford's winning entry for Date with History
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:04
- Updated: 12 Apr 2013
UPDATE 11 June: We are thrilled to announce that Brittany will speak to over 130 heads of state and deputy heads of state at 09h55 local time in Rio on June ...
http://wn.com/The_Future_I_Want_Brittany_Trilford's_winning_entry_for_Date_with_History
UPDATE 11 June: We are thrilled to announce that Brittany will speak to over 130 heads of state and deputy heads of state at 09h55 local time in Rio on June ...
- published: 24 May 2012
- views: 29296
- author: tcktcktckorg
Courageous beauty: BRITTANY GIBBONS @ TEDxBGSU
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 8:13
- Updated: 11 May 2013
Brittany Gibbons wants us to drastically change the way we think about women's bodies. Stripping down to her bathing suit onstage, she makes a passionate cal...
http://wn.com/Courageous_beauty_BRITTANY_GIBBONS_@_TEDxBGSU
Brittany Gibbons wants us to drastically change the way we think about women's bodies. Stripping down to her bathing suit onstage, she makes a passionate cal...
- published: 27 Nov 2011
- views: 34488
- author: TEDxTalks
Brittany Underwood - Flow (OFFICIAL VIDEO)
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:16
- Updated: 23 May 2013
FLOW - available now on iTunes! https://itunes.apple.com/us/album/flo... Video shot and directed by Robert Adamson Featuring Ashley Holliday, Kristen Alderso...
http://wn.com/Brittany_Underwood_Flow_OFFICIAL_VIDEO
FLOW - available now on iTunes! https://itunes.apple.com/us/album/flo... Video shot and directed by Robert Adamson Featuring Ashley Holliday, Kristen Alderso...
- published: 01 Mar 2013
- views: 161333
- author: Brittany Underwood
Storm in Brittany - Hurricane winds - Heavy Weather Sailing
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 2:59
- Updated: 21 May 2013
Beautiful video of a violent storm in Brittany, almost a hurrican, in december 2007 with strong winds. Giant waves break on the lighthouses. Heavy weather co...
http://wn.com/Storm_in_Brittany_Hurricane_winds_Heavy_Weather_Sailing
Beautiful video of a violent storm in Brittany, almost a hurrican, in december 2007 with strong winds. Giant waves break on the lighthouses. Heavy weather co...
- published: 17 Sep 2009
- views: 132658
- author: Sailing and Yachting TV
MLB.com Hangout with Orioles Beat Reporter Brittany Ghiroli
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 14:55
- Updated: 10 May 2013
MLB.com Hangout with Orioles Beat Reporter Brittany Ghiroli.
http://wn.com/MLBcom_Hangout_with_Orioles_Beat_Reporter_Brittany_Ghiroli
"Come & get it" Selena Gomez Cover By: Brittany Mercedes (Official Music Video Cover 2013)
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 1:58
- Updated: 09 May 2013
This kind of song is FAR out of my comfort zone, but I just love it AND miss Selena Gomez too much not to cover it and put my own spin on it! Hope you like it! :)
P.S. Please wear headphone for best sound quality.
FOLLOW ME ON TWITTER: https://twitter.com/BritMercedes
ON INSTAGRAM: http://instagram.com/britmercedesgram/#
AND ADD ME ON FACEBOOK: http://www.facebook.com/BritMercedesMusic
P.S. If you are against bullying, please like my newest facebook fanpage.
https://www.facebook.com/StopthehurtDontBully
http://wn.com/Come_get_it_Selena_Gomez_Cover_By_Brittany_Mercedes_Official_Music_Video_Cover_2013
This kind of song is FAR out of my comfort zone, but I just love it AND miss Selena Gomez too much not to cover it and put my own spin on it! Hope you like it! :)
P.S. Please wear headphone for best sound quality.
FOLLOW ME ON TWITTER: https://twitter.com/BritMercedes
ON INSTAGRAM: http://instagram.com/britmercedesgram/#
AND ADD ME ON FACEBOOK: http://www.facebook.com/BritMercedesMusic
P.S. If you are against bullying, please like my newest facebook fanpage.
https://www.facebook.com/StopthehurtDontBully
- published: 09 May 2013
- views: 108
Syrup TRAILER 1 (2013) - Amber Heard, Kellan Lutz, Brittany Snow Movie HD
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 1:42
- Updated: 23 May 2013
Subscribe to TRAILERS: http://bit.ly/sxaw6h Subscribe to COMING SOON: http://bit.ly/H2vZUn Like us on FACEBOOK: http://goo.gl/dHs73 Syrup TRAILER 1 (2013) - ...
http://wn.com/Syrup_TRAILER_1_2013_Amber_Heard,_Kellan_Lutz,_Brittany_Snow_Movie_HD
Subscribe to TRAILERS: http://bit.ly/sxaw6h Subscribe to COMING SOON: http://bit.ly/H2vZUn Like us on FACEBOOK: http://goo.gl/dHs73 Syrup TRAILER 1 (2013) - ...
- published: 09 Apr 2013
- views: 125717
- author: Movies Coming Soon
Locked Out Of Heaven (Doo Wop Style / Bruno Mars) - Brittany Butler
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 4:33
- Updated: 18 May 2013
NEW FACEBOOK! Please "LIKE" - :) http://www.facebook.com/bbutlermusic OTHER NEW LINKS: http://www.brittanybutlermusic.com http://www.twitter.com/ibrittanybut...
http://wn.com/Locked_Out_Of_Heaven_Doo_Wop_Style_Bruno_Mars_Brittany_Butler
NEW FACEBOOK! Please "LIKE" - :) http://www.facebook.com/bbutlermusic OTHER NEW LINKS: http://www.brittanybutlermusic.com http://www.twitter.com/ibrittanybut...
- published: 02 Dec 2012
- views: 11677
- author: Brittany Butler
April Beauty & Fashion Favorites | Brittany Balyn
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 4:59
- Updated: 12 May 2013
Lookbook: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9l5MkrrNptY&feature;=youtu.be Let us be friends?!! (P.S. Don't forget to watch in HD) My Instagram: BrittanyBalyn My ...
http://wn.com/April_Beauty_Fashion_Favorites_|_Brittany_Balyn
Lookbook: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9l5MkrrNptY&feature;=youtu.be Let us be friends?!! (P.S. Don't forget to watch in HD) My Instagram: BrittanyBalyn My ...
- published: 04 May 2013
- views: 24383
- author: Brittany Balyn
![brittany + santana [4x22] | Clarity](http://web.archive.org./web/20130526021131im_/http://i.ytimg.com/vi/0MscAggByEA/default.jpg "brittany + santana [4x22] | Clarity")
brittany + santana [4x22] | Clarity
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 1:26
- Updated: 17 May 2013
[HD+HEADPHONE] Okay so glee 4x22 wasn't really what I expected, it was .. okay I guess but these two are just * million heartssss* When I heard the song in g...
http://wn.com/brittany_+_santana_4x22_|_Clarity
[HD+HEADPHONE] Okay so glee 4x22 wasn't really what I expected, it was .. okay I guess but these two are just * million heartssss* When I heard the song in g...
- published: 10 May 2013
- views: 2944
- author: ISeriouslyHateUtube
Brittany: La mia storia con te
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:56
- Updated: 16 May 2013
La cover cantata da Brittany della canzone "La mia storia con te", originalmente cantata da Alessandra Amoroso! Per altri contenuti sui Chipmunks e le Chipet...
http://wn.com/Brittany_La_mia_storia_con_te
La cover cantata da Brittany della canzone "La mia storia con te", originalmente cantata da Alessandra Amoroso! Per altri contenuti sui Chipmunks e le Chipet...
- published: 09 Jun 2011
- author: aleksandar283
The Voice Australia: Brittany Cairns (@_brittanycairns ) sings Gravity
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 1:50
- Updated: 24 May 2013
One of the performances of the series, Brittany's soulful voice makes all four coaches spin their chairs. To watch the clip in full visit http://thevoice.com...
http://wn.com/The_Voice_Australia_Brittany_Cairns_@_brittanycairns_sings_Gravity
One of the performances of the series, Brittany's soulful voice makes all four coaches spin their chairs. To watch the clip in full visit http://thevoice.com...
- published: 24 Apr 2012
- views: 1730571
- author: The Voice Australia
photo: Creative Commons
25 May 2013
LONDON — The streets of Stockholm were quieter late Friday after five consecutive nights of rioting that rocked the Swedish capital and shook the Scandinavian country's self-image as a tolerant, liberal place. Since Sunday, sections of northwest and south Stockholm have been lighted up with the glow of fires started by rock-throwing rioters, apparently protesting a fatal shooting by police last week ... Copyright © 2013,. 0 ... ... ....(size: 6.5Kb)
photo: AP / Bogdan Maran
25 May 2013
There has been a huge increase in anti-Muslim incidents since the murder of a British soldier in Woolwich, an inter-faith charity has said. Faith Matters, which runs a helpline, said they had received more than 150 calls since Wednesday's attack, up from a daily average of six. A number of people have been arrested after allegedly offensive comments were made on social media websites ... 'Significant online activity' ... ....(size: 2.2Kb)
photo: AP / Alastair Grant
24 May 2013
Police in London have arrested a man and a woman in connection with the murder of a British soldier near a military barrack. Detectives said on Thursday they had arrested the unidentified suspects, both aged 29, over the murder of Drummer Lee Rigby, 25, who was hacked to death in Woolwich on Wednesday ... "Many lines of inquiry are being followed by detectives and the investigation is progressing well." ... 824 Source. ... UK....(size: 9.2Kb)
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STL Today
26 May 2013
BEL-NOR • Christina Rodriguez can see with her ears. St. Dominic’s dynamic midfielder made the play of the match with her back to the goal and the simplest touch. Rodriguez received the ball near the top of the box from defender Sydni Young. In one spectacular motion, she sent the ball through her legs and her defender’s into a clear space for Brittany Marino ... The defending Class 2 champion, St ... That was awesome to Brittany,” St....(size: 4.0Kb)
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STL Today
26 May 2013
BEL-NOR • Christina Rodriguez can see with her ears. St. Dominic’s dynamic midfielder made the play of the match with her back to the goal and the simplest touch. Rodriguez received the ball near the top of the box from defender Sydni Young. In one spectacular motion, she sent the ball through her legs and her defender’s into a clear space for Brittany Marino ... The defending Class 2 champion, St ... That was awesome to Brittany,” St....(size: 4.0Kb)
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STL Today
26 May 2013
BEL-NOR • Christina Rodriguez can see with her ears. St. Dominic’s dynamic midfielder made the play of the match with her back to the goal and the simplest touch. Rodriguez received the ball near the top of the box from defender Sydni Young. In one spectacular motion, she sent the ball through her legs and her defender’s into a clear space for Brittany Marino ... The defending Class 2 champion, St ... That was awesome to Brittany,” St....(size: 4.0Kb)
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Springfield News-Sun
26 May 2013
In those few, anxious moments just before a starter gun’s pop, Iman Salhieh wonders why she runs. “This will sound weird, but I’m not the biggest fan of track,” Kenton Ridge High School’s freshman sprinting sensation said with a sheepish grin. “It gives me a real nervous feeling ... • Greenon’s Darian Patterson, Brittany Kozak, Lianne Masqulier and Rachel Stute shaved four seconds off their PR with a winning time of 4.10.90 in the 4x400....(size: 4.2Kb)
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Lexington Herald-Leader
25 May 2013
Wife Emily, daughters Jessica and Brittany, and son Jack carry on Mike's legacy ... Brittany, 15, has orchestrated a "survivor bracelet" program to raise funds for UK's Mike Lyden Patient Support Fund ... That elegantly simple idea (Mullett's description) came from Brittany. Attending a lung-cancer run/walk last fall, Brittany was dismayed by a small turnout ... Helped by friends, Brittany started making bracelets early this year....(size: 5.7Kb)
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LA Daily News
25 May 2013
By Brian Sumers. brian.sumers@dailybreeze.com @briansumers on Twitterdailybreeze.com. Posted. 05/24/2013 04.42.18 PM PDT. May 25, 2013 12.28 AM GMTUpdated. 05/24/2013 05.26.19 PM PDT. Self-proclaimed paparazzi spend most of their day at LAX waiting for celebrities ... (Brittany Murray / Staff Photographer). The first thing you need to know about airport-based paparazzi is they like secrets ... (Brittany Murray / Staff Photographer)....(size: 2.1Kb)
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Huffington Post
25 May 2013
by Chloe Mondesir. She was more than a best friend. As an only child, she was the sibling I never had. I lost her on my third day of high school ... I would walk into a room ... My friend, Brittany, came to me last year more stressed than ever ... "Brittany darling, we'll work it out." The Mildred in me spoke loudly as I helped Brittany face her own grief while brainstorming hobbies and activities that would help her mother get beyond the pain ... Dent....(size: 5.4Kb)
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The News Tribune
25 May 2013
LACEY - Rebecca Wright's biggest fear was being the final out ... Her Mavericks were trailing by one to Enumclaw in Friday's 3A state quarterfinal game ... Wright did that, and then some ... semifinals ... Pitcher Brittany Hecker, a North Idaho College commit, struck out 10 and retired Peninsula in order in the sixth and seventh innings. "Brittany had command of her pitches in the second game, " University coach Jon Schuh said ... CLASS 2A FASTPITCH....(size: 3.6Kb)
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The Examiner
25 May 2013
Since the series seven finale (“The Name of the Doctor”) aired last weekend, it seems to be a good time to think about some of the greatest and most touching moments that have occurred on the show throughout the last seven years ... “I'm John Smith, that's all I want to be, John Smith. With his life... and his job... Tweet ... Brittany Vogel, Columbia TV Examiner. Brittany Vogel, a college student, spends most of her time watching television ... ....(size: 5.3Kb)
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The News Tribune
25 May 2013
The duo carded rounds of 6-under 39 at the rain soaked Ocean Club Golf Course at Atlantis Resort ... She was joined there by Alena Sharp, Brittany Lang, Jane Rah, Hee Young Park, Julieta Granada, Tiffany Joh and Ilhee Lee ... MORE TO FOLLOW. ....(size: 1.1Kb)
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Newstrack India
25 May 2013
Tweet. Washington, May 25 (ANI) ... The top 11 female participants were then sent to the beaches of Brittany wearing red bikinis and asked to wear large temporary butterfly tattoos on their lower backs for half of their solo beach trips, while for the other 10 visits, they did not wear the fake tattoos ... (ANI). null ... ) .. ). ... . . . . . .. . . .. ....(size: 1.6Kb)
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London Evening Standard
25 May 2013
The manner of the former Manchester United, Real Madrid and AC Milan midfielder's exit coupled with the artificial surface the Brittany club use had given rise to rumours that ......(size: 0.9Kb)
This article is about the cultural region in the north-west of France. For the current French administrative region, see Brittany (administrative region). For other uses, see Brittany (disambiguation).
| Brittany Bretagne / Breizh / Bertaèyn |
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|---|---|---|---|
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| Motto: Kentoc'h mervel eget bezañ saotret Rather death than dishonour |
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| Anthem: None (de jure) De facto "Bro Gozh ma Zadoù" Old Land of My Fathers |
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| Country |  France |
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| Largest settlements | |||
| Area | |||
| • Total | 34,023 km2 (13,136 sq mi) | ||
| Population (January 2007 estimate) | |||
| • Total | 4,365,500 | ||
| Time zone | CET (UTC+1) | ||
| • Summer (DST) | CEST (UTC+2) | ||
Brittany (French: Bretagne [bʁətaɲ] (
listen); Breton: Breizh, pronounced [brɛjs]; Gallo: Bertaèyn) is a cultural region in the north-west of France. Previously a kingdom and then a duchy, Brittany was united to the Kingdom of France in 1532 as a province. Brittany has also been referred to as Less, Lesser or Little Britain (as opposed to Great Britain). Brittany is considered as one of the six Celtic nations.[1][2][3][4]
Brittany occupies the northwest peninsula of continental Europe in northwest France. It is bordered by the English Channel to the north, the Celtic Sea and the Atlantic Ocean to the west, and the Bay of Biscay to the south. Its land area is 34,023 km² (13,136 sq mi). The historical province of Brittany is divided into five departments: Finistère in the west, Côtes-d'Armor in the north, Ille-et-Vilaine in the north east, Loire-Atlantique in the south east and Morbihan in the south on the Bay of Biscay.
In 1956, French regions were created by gathering departments between them.[5] The Region of Brittany comprises, since then, four of the five Breton departments (80% of historical Brittany), while the remaining area of the old Brittany, the Loire-Atlantique department, around Nantes, forms part of the Pays de la Loire region. This territorial organisation is regularly contested. The Kingdom and the Duchy of Brittany, the province of Brittany, and the modern Region of Brittany cover the Western part of Armorica, as it was known during the period of Roman occupation.
In January 2007 the population of historic Brittany was estimated to be 4,365,500. Of these, 71% lived in the region of Brittany, while 29% lived in the region of Pays-de-la-Loire. At the 1999 census, the largest metropolitan areas were Nantes (711,120 inhabitants), Rennes (521,188 inhabitants), and Brest (303,484 inhabitants).
Contents |
History[link]
Main article: History of Brittany
The peninsula that came to be known as Brittany was a centre of ancient megalithic constructions in the Neolithic era. It has been called the "core area" of megalithic culture.[6] It later became the territory of several Celtic tribes, of which the most powerful was the Veneti. After Julius Caesar's conquest of Gaul, the area became known to the Romans as Armorica, from the Celtic term for "coastal area". Its transformation into Brittany occurred in the late Roman period, with the establishment of Romano-British settlement in the area. The history behind such an establishment is unclear, but medieval Breton and Welsh sources connect it to a figure known as Conan Meriadoc. Welsh literary sources assert that Conan came to Armorica with the Roman usurper Magnus Maximus, who took his British troops to Gaul to enforce his claims and settled them in Armorica. Regardless of the truth of this story, Brythonic (British Celtic) settlement probably increased during the Anglo-Saxon invasion of Britain in the 5th century. Scholars such as Léon Fleuriot have suggested a two-wave model of migration from Britain which saw the emergence of an independent Breton people and established the dominance of the Brythonic Breton language in Armorica.[7] Over time the Armorican British colony expanded, forming a group of petty kingdoms which were later unified in the 840s under Nominoe in resistance to Frankish control.[8]
In the mid-9th century Nominoe and his successors won a series of victories over the Franks which secured an independent Duchy of Brittany. In the High Middle Ages the Duchy was sometimes allied to England and sometimes to France. The pro-English faction was victorious in 1364 in the Breton War of Succession, but the independent Breton army was eventually defeated by the French in 1488, leading to dynastic union with France following the marriage of Duchess Anne of Brittany to two kings of France in succession.[9] In 1532 the Duchy was incorporated into France.
Two significant revolts occurred in the 17th and 18th centuries: the Revolt of the papier timbré (1675) and the Pontcallec Conspiracy (1719). Both arose from attempts to resist centralisation and assert Breton constitutional exceptions to tax.[10] The Duchy was legally abolished during the French Revolution and divided into five departments. The area became a centre of royalist and Catholic resistance to the Revolution during the Chouannerie. During the Second Empire conservative Catholic values were reasserted. When the Republic was reinstituted in 1871, there were rumours that Breton troops were mistrusted and mistreated at Camp Conlie during the Franco-Prussian War because of fears that they were a threat to the Republic.[11]
In the 19th century the Celtic Revival led to the foundation of the Breton Regionalist Union (URB) and later to independence movements linked to Irish, Welsh and Scottish independence parties in the UK and to pan-Celticism. There was a cultural renaissance in the 20th century associated with the movement Seiz Breur.[12] The alliance of the Breton National Party with Nazi Germany in World War II weakened Breton nationalism in the post-war period. In 1956, Brittany was legally reconstituted as the Region of Brittany, although the region excluded the ducal capital of Nantes and the surrounding area. Over this period the Breton language declined precipitously. Children were not allowed to speak Breton at school, and were punished by teachers if they did. Famously, signs in schools read: "It is forbidden to speak Breton and to spit on the floor" ("Il est interdit de parler breton et de cracher par terre").[13] As a result, a generation of native Breton speakers were made to feel ashamed of their language and avoided speaking it or teaching it to their children. These factors contributed to the decline of Breton. Nevertheless Brittany retained its cultural distinctiveness.
Sights[link]
Brittany is home to many megalithic monuments which are scattered across the peninsula. The largest alignments are near Karnag/Carnac. The purpose of these monuments is still unknown, and many local people are reluctant to entertain speculation on the subject.
Brittany is also known for its calvary sculptures, elaborately carved crucifixion scenes found at crossroads in villages and small towns, especially in Western Brittany.
Besides its numerous intact manors and châteaux, Brittany also has several old fortified towns. The walled city of Saint-Malo (Sant-Maloù), a popular tourist attraction, is also an important port linking Brittany with England and the Channel Islands. It was the birthplace of the historian Louis Duchesne, the acclaimed author Chateaubriand, the corsair Surcouf and the explorer Jacques Cartier. The town of Roscoff (Rosko) is served by ferry links with England and Ireland.
Significant urban centres include:
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- Nantes (Gallo: Naunnt, Breton: Naoned) : 282,853 inhabitants in the commune (2006), 804,833 in the urban area.
- Rennes (Gallo: Resnn, Breton: Roazhon) : 209,613 inhabitants in the commune (2006), 521,188 in the urban area.
- Brest (Breton Brest) : 148,316 inhabitants in the commune (2006), 300,000 in the urban area.
- Saint-Nazaire (Gallo: Saint-Nazère, Breton: Sant-Nazer) : 71,373 inhabitants in the commune (2006); located in the urban area of Nantes.
- Lorient (Breton: an Oriant) : 58,547 inhabitants in the commune (2006), 190,000 in the urban area.
- Quimper (Breton: Kemper) : 64,900 inhabitants in the commune (2006).
- Vannes (Breton: Gwened, Gallo: Vann) : 53,079 inhabitants in the commune (2006), 132,880 in the urban area.
- Saint-Brieuc (Gallo: Saint-Bérieu, Breton: Sant-Brieg) : 46,437 inhabitants in the commune (2006), 121,237 in the urban area (2005).
- Saint-Malo (Gallo: Saent-Malô, Breton: Sant-Maloù) : 52,737 inhabitants in the commune (2007), 81,962 in the urban area.
- Redon (Gallo: Rdon, Breton: Redon) : 9,601 inhabitants in the commune (2006), 52,758 in the urban area.
The island of Ushant (Breton: Enez Eusa, French: Ouessant) is the north-westernmost point of Brittany and France, and marks the entrance to the English Channel. Other islands off the coast of Brittany include:
The coast at Brittany is unusual due to its colouring. The Côte de Granit Rose (pink granite coast) is located in the Côtes d'Armor department of Brittany. It stretches for more than 30 kilometres (19 mi) from Plestin-les-Greves to Louannec and is one of the outstanding coastlines of Europe. This special pink rock is very rare and can be found in only three other places in the world, Ontario, Canada, Corsica and China.[14]
The landscape has inspired artists, including Paul Signac, Marc Chagall, Raymond Wintz and his wife Renee Carpentier Wintz, who both painted coastal and village scenes. Paul Gauguin and his famous School of Pont-Aven in the Finistère department, Brittany also painted many village scenes.
Festivals[link]
Brittany has a vibrant calendar of festivals and events. Several are of course maritime themed while others reflect Brittany’s lively music heritage or the region’s diverse culture. Traditional Breton festivals, fest noz in Breton, regularly take place in towns and villages throughout Brittany and include local music and dancing. Brittany also hosts some of France’s biggest contemporary music festivals.
Cultural festivals
- Festival de Cornouaille: July (Quimper, Finistère)
A long-established festival that showcases Brittany’s cultural diversity.
- Les Filets Bleus: August (Concarneau, Finistère)
This long-standing festival celebrates fishing traditions in the coastal town of Concarneau.
- Festival Interceltique de Lorient: August (Lorient, Morbihan)
An internationally renowned festival that celebrates Celtic traditions.
- Festival du Film Britannique: October (Dinard,Côtes-d’Armor)
This British film festival screens previews of British films in France.
Music festivals
- Art Rock: May (Saint-Brieuc, Côtes d'Armor)
Pop, rock and electro festival.
- Vieilles Charrues: July (Carhaix, Finistère)
This music festival is the Breton equivalent of Glastonbury in the UK.
- Astropolis: July (Brest, Finistère)
A prominent electro and techno festival.
- La Route du Rock: August (St-Malo, Ille-et-Vilaine)
Pop and rock, often with an Anglo-Saxon flavour.
- Les Transmusicales: December (Rennes, Ille-et-Vilaine)
Known for showcasing brand new acts : Nirvana and Portishead did some of their early gigs at this festival.
Maritime festivals
- Fêtes Maritimes de Brest: July (Brest, Finistère)
This sailing event takes place every 4 years (the next one is in 2012).
- La Route du Rhum: November (St-Malo, Ille-et-Vilaine)
This transatlantic single-handed yacht race takes place every 4 years (the next one is in 2014).
Regional languages[link]
Main articles: Breton language and Gallo language
French, the only official language of the French Republic, is today spoken throughout Brittany. The two regional languages are supported by the regional authorities within the constitutional limits: Breton, strongest in the west but to be seen all over Brittany, is a Celtic language most closely related to Cornish and Welsh. Gallo, which is spoken in the east, is one of the romance Langues d'oïl.
Breton was traditionally spoken in the west (Breton: Breizh-Izel, or Lower Brittany), and Gallo in the east (French: pays Gallo, Breton: Breizh Uhel, Gallo: Haùtt-Bertaèyn, or Upper Brittany). The dividing line stretched from Plouha on the north coast to a point to the south east of Vannes. French had, however, long been the main language of the towns. The Breton-speaking area once covered territory much farther east than its current distribution.
Since the 13th century, long before the union of Brittany and France, the main administrative language of the Duchy of Brittany was French, and previously it was Latin. Breton (in the West) and Gallo (in the East) remained the two languages of the rural population of Brittany, but since the Middle Ages the bourgeoisie, the nobility, and the higher clergy spoke French. Government policies in the 19th and 20th centuries, which forbade the speaking of Breton in schools, along with the demands of education, pushed many non-French speakers into adopting the French language. Nevertheless, until the 1960s Breton was spoken and understood by most of the inhabitants of western Brittany.
In the Middle Ages, Gallo gradually expanded into formerly Breton-speaking areas. Now restricted to a much reduced territory in the east of Brittany, Gallo finds itself under pressure from the dominant Francophone culture. It is also felt by some to be threatened by the Breton language revival, which is gaining ground in territories that were not previously part of the main Breton-speaking area.
Diwan ("seed") schools, where classes are taught in Breton by the immersion method, play an important part in the revival of the Breton language. These schools are privately funded, as they receive no French central government support. The issue of whether they should be funded by the State has long been, and remains, controversial. Some bilingual classes are also provided in ordinary schools.[citation needed]
Bilingual (Breton and French) road signs may be seen in some areas, especially in the traditional Breton-speaking area of Lower Brittany. Signage in Gallo is much rarer.
Some villages have received an influx of English-speaking immigrants and second-home owners, adding to the linguistic diversity.
Be Breizh: Breizh is the Breton word for Brittany and given that the Bretons are particularly proud of their roots, you will see the word – or simply the letters BZH – in evidence throughout the region. Along with the black and white Breton flag (the Gwenn Ha Du) and the triskell, you will see these symbols of Breton identity on cars, t-shirts and shop fronts. In 2011, the regional tourist board adopted the phrase ‘Be Breizh’ to sum up this unique Breton spirit.
Religion[link]
While Christianization may have occurred during Roman occupation, the first recorded Christian missionaries came to the region from Wales and are known as the "Seven founder saints":
- St Pol Aurelian, at Saint-Pol-de-Léon (Breton: Kastell-Paol),
- Saint Tudwal (sant Tudwal), at Tréguier (Breton: Landreger),
- St Brioc, at Saint-Brieuc (Breton: Sant-Brieg, Gallo: Saent-Berioec),
- St Malo, at Saint-Malo (Breton: Sant-Maloù, Gallo: Saent-Malô),
- St Samson of Dol, at Dol-de-Bretagne (Breton: Dol, Gallo: Dóu),
- St Patern, at Vannes (Breton: Gwened),
- St Corentin (sant Kaourintin), at Quimper (Breton: Kemper).
Other notable early evangelizers are Gildas and the Irish saint Columbanus. With more than 300 "saints" (only a few recognised by the Catholic Church), the region is strongly Catholic. Since the 19th century at least, Brittany has been known as one of the most devoutly Catholic regions in France, in contrast to many other more secularised areas (see "Bl. Julien Maunoir"). The proportion of students attending Catholic private schools is the highest in France. As in other Celtic regions, the legacy of Celtic Christianity has left a rich tradition of local saints and monastic communities, often commemorated in place names beginning Lan, Lam, Plou or Lok. The patron saint of Brittany is Saint Anne, the Virgin's mother. But the most famous saint is Saint Ivo of Kermartin ('saint Yves' in French, 'sant Erwan' in Breton), a 13th century priest who devoted his life to the poor.
Once a year, believers go on a "Pardon", the saint's feast day of the parish. It often begins with a procession followed by a mass in honour of the saint. There is always a secular side, with some food and craft stalls. The three most famous Pardons are:
- from Sainte-Anne d'Auray/Santez-Anna-Wened, where a poor farmer in the 17th century explained how the saint had ordered him to build a chapel in her honour.
- from Tréguier/Landreger, in honour of St Yves, the patron saint of the judges, advocates, and any profession involved in justice.
- from Locronan/Lokorn, in honour of St Ronan, with a troménie (a procession, 12 km-long) and numerous people in traditional costume (Locronan is also very close to a more known city Douarnenez which used to be the very famous rendez-vous point for all sailers in the world every 4 years).
There is a very old pilgrimage called the Tro Breizh (tour of Brittany), where the pilgrims walk around Brittany from the grave of one of the seven founder saints to another. Historically, the pilgrimage was made in one trip (a total distance of around 600 km) for all seven saints. Nowadays, however, pilgrims complete the circuit over the course of several years. In 2002, the Tro Breizh included a special pilgrimage to Wales, symbolically making the reverse journey of the Welshmen Sant Paol, Sant Brieg, and Sant Samzun. It is believed that whoever does not make the pilgrimage at least once in his lifetime will be condemned to make it after his death, advancing only by the length of his coffin each seven years.[15]
Many distinctive traditions and customs have also been preserved in Brittany. The most powerful folk figure is the Ankou or the "Reaper of Death". Sometimes a skeleton wrapped in a shroud with the Breton flat hat, sometimes described as a real human being (the last dead of the year, devoted to bring the dead to Death), he makes his journeys by night carrying an upturned scythe which he throws before him to reap his harvest. Sometimes he is on foot but mostly he travels with a cart, the Karrig an Ankou, drawn by two oxen and a lean horse. Two servants dressed in the same shroud and hat as the Ankou pile the dead into the cart, and to hear it creaking at night means you have little time left to live.[16]
Breton music[link]
Main article: Music of Brittany
Brittany is an area of strong Celtic heritage, rich in its cultural heritage. Though long under the control of France and influenced by French traditions, Brittany has retained and, since the early 1970s, revived its own folk music, modernising and adapting it into folk rock and other fusion genres (see, for example, Alan Stivell, Dan Ar Braz, and Red Cardell).
Gastronomy[link]
Although some white wine is produced near the Loire, the traditional drinks of Brittany are:
- cider (Breton: sistr or chistr) – Brittany is the second largest cider-producing region in France;[17] Traditionally served in a ceramic cup resembling an English Tea cup ("bolennad" in breton, "bolée" in french).
- beer (Breton: bier) – Brittany has a long beer brewing tradition, tracing its roots back to the seventeenth century; Young artisanal brewers are keeping a variety of beer types alive,[18] such as Coreff de Morlaix, Tri Martolod and Britt;
- a sort of mead made from wild honey called chouchenn;
- an apple eau de vie called lambig.
Historically Brittany was a beer producing region. However, as wine was increasingly imported from other regions of France, beer drinking and production slowly came to an end in the early to mid-20th century. In the 1970s, due to a regional comeback, new breweries started to open and there are now about 20 of them. Whisky is also produced by a handful of distilleries with excellent results, such as Eddu distillery at Plomelin near Quimper, which elaborates a real and successful creation using buckwheat, Glann ar Mor distillery which makes an un-peated Single Malt, as well as a peated expression named Kornog. Another recent drink is kir Breton (crème de cassis and cider) which may be served as an apéritif. Tourists often try a mix of bread and red wine. Large, thin pancakes made from buckwheat flour (blé noir) are eaten with ham, eggs and other savoury fillings. They are made with plain buckwheat flour and water in Eastern Brittany and called galettes (Breton: galetes). La Galette Saucisse, a hot grilled pure pork Breton sausage wrapped in a cold galette, is the "fast food" of Eastern Brittany, sold from road side stands, and served at every occasion from football matches to the local school fête.[19] In the western parts of Brittany buckwheat pancakes are made with eggs and called crêpes de blé noir (Breton: krampouezh). Galettes are often served with a cup of cider, but in Brittany they should traditionally be accompanied by Breton buttermilk called lait ribot (Breton: laezh-ribod). Brittany also has a dish similar to the pot-au-feu known as the Kig ha farz, which consists of stewed pork or beef with buckwheat dumplings.
Thin crêpes made from wheat flour are eaten for dessert or for breakfast. They may be served cold with local butter. Other pastries, such as kouign amann ("butter cake" in Breton) made from bread dough, butter and sugar, or far, a sort of sweet Yorkshire pudding, or clafoutis with prunes, are traditional.
Surrounded by the sea, Brittany offers a wide range of fresh sea food and fish, especially mussels and oysters. Among the sea food specialities is cotriade.
Climate[link]
Located on the west coast of France, Brittany has a warm, temperate climate. Rainfall occurs regularly – which has helped keep its countryside green and wooded, but sunny, cloudless days are also common.
In general, Brittany has a moderate climate during both summer and winter. In the summer months temperatures in the region can reach 30 °C (86 °F), yet the climate remains comfortable, especially when compared to parts of France south of the Loire. In Brittany a common expression and response to people complaining about the rain is "En Bretagne, il ne pleut que sur les cons", which literally translates as "In Brittany, it only rains on the idiots", and should be understood as if one is not pleased with Brittany, he should leave it.
Brittany's most popular summer resorts are on the south coast (La Baule, Belle Île, Gulf of Morbihan), although the wilder and more exposed north coast (the Côte de granite rose, Perros-Guirec, etc.) also attracts summer tourists.
Transport[link]
Airports in Brittany serving destinations in France, Great Britain and Ireland include Brest, Saint-Malo, Lorient and Rennes. Flights between Brittany and the Channel Islands are served by Saint-Brieuc airport. Several cities in Great Britain and Ireland are also served from Nantes, Loire-Atlantique department and former capital of the historic province of Brittany. The main airlines include, among others, Ryanair, Flybe, Aer Arann, Aer Lingus, Air France and EasyJet.
Others smaller airport operates domestic flights in Quimper, and Lannion
TER Bretagne is the regional train that operates in Brittany and the TGV train services link the region with cities such as Paris, Lyon, Marseille, and Lille in France. In addition there are ferry services that take passengers, vehicles and freight to Ireland, England and the Channel Islands.
Brittany Ferries operates the following regular services:
- Plymouth-Roscoff (Armorique, Pont-Aven, certain winter sailings operated by Bretagne)
- Portsmouth-St Malo (Bretagne with winter service operated by Pont-Aven)
- Roscoff-Cork (Pont-Aven, occasionally Bretagne)
Irish Ferries operates the following routes:
Image gallery[link]
-
Neolithic complex at Locmariaquer, Morbihan
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The Bagad Arduinn
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The Windmill at Lancieux
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Timber Framed houses at Place Rallier du Baty in Rennes
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Les Tas de Pois off the Pointe de Penhir in Camaret-sur-Mer
-2006.jpg)
References[link]
- ^ "The Celtic League". The Celtic League. http://www.celticleague.net/. Retrieved 3 May 2011.
- ^ "Festival Interceltique de Lorient 2010". Festival Interceltique de Lorient. http://www.festival-interceltique.com/festival/nations-celtes.cfm. Retrieved 3 May 2011.
- ^ "Official website of the French Government Tourist Office: Brittany". Us.franceguide.com. http://us.franceguide.com/Cultural-Brittany.html?NodeID=1&EditoID=193027. Retrieved 3 May 2011.
- ^ The Celtic connection. Google Books. 30 March 1986. http://books.google.com/books?id=iKIWY4P9uFwC. Retrieved 3 May 2011.
- ^ Michèle Cointet, op. cit., pp. 183–216 (p. 216 pour la citation)
- ^ Mark Patton, Statements in Stone: Monuments and Society in Neolithic Brittany, Routledge, 1993, p.1
- ^ Léon Fleuriot, Les origines de la Bretagne: l’émigration, Paris, Payot, 1980.
- ^ Smith, Julia M. H. Province and Empire: Brittany and the Carolingians, Cambridge University Press, 1992, pp.80–83.
- ^ Constance De La Warr, A Twice Crowned Queen: Anne of Brittany, Peter Owen, 2005
- ^ Joël Cornette, Le marquis et le Régent. Une conspiration bretonne à l'aube des Lumières, Paris, Tallandier, 2008.
- ^ "Rennes, guide histoire" (PDF). http://www.rennes.fr/fileadmin/user_upload/Telechargements/rennais/rn382/histoire.pdf. Retrieved 3 May 2011.
- ^ J. R. Rotté, Ar Seiz Breur. Recherches et réalisations pour un art Breton moderne, 1923–1947, 1987.
- ^ Annales de Bretagne et des pays de l ... – Google Books. Google Books. 19 June 2008. http://books.google.com/books?id=h99nAAAAMAAJ&q=%22Il+est+interdit+de+parler+breton+et+de+cracher+par+terre%22&dq=%22Il+est+interdit+de+parler+breton+et+de+cracher+par+terre%22&ei=BcJMS8PWMILmzASN-dn2Cw&cd=2. Retrieved 3 May 2011.
- ^ "Cote de Granit Rosé (pink granite coast)". Frenchconnections.co.uk. http://www.frenchconnections.co.uk/en/guide/miniguidepage/150687-cote-de-granit-ros%C3%A9---brittany. Retrieved 6 February 2009.
- ^ Bretagne: poems (in French), by Amand Guérin, Published by P. Masgana, 1842: page 238
- ^ Anatole le Braz, La Legende de la Mort, BiblioBazaar reprint, LLC, 2009, pp. 430ff.
- ^ "Le Cidre – Mediaoueg , Ar Vediaoueg – La Médiathèque". Servijer.net. http://servijer.net/mediaoueg/Le-Cidre. Retrieved 3 May 2011.
- ^ "bierbreizh – Accueil". Bierbreizh.info. http://www.bierbreizh.info/. Retrieved 3 May 2011.
- ^ "Galette saucisse – Wikipédia" (in (French)). Fr.wikipedia.org. 25 April 2011. http://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Galette_saucisse. Retrieved 3 May 2011.
External links[link]
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Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Brittany |
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Wikisource has the text of the 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica article Brittany. |
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Breton edition of Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia |
- Brittany at the Open Directory Project
- The official site for Brittany Tourism – Brittany Regional Tourist Board
- Personelezh Breizh e saozneg – Breton identity
- Western France Tourist Board Brittany tourism information
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Coordinates: 48°00′N 3°00′W / 48°N 3°W / 48; -3
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This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, which means that you can copy and modify it as long as the entire work (including additions) remains under this license.
| Abigail and Brittany Hensel | |
|---|---|
| Born |
Abigail Loraine Hensel (1990-03-07) March 7, 1990 (age 22) Carver County, Minnesota |
| Residence | St. Paul, Minnesota, USA |
| Nationality | American |
| Education |
Lutheran High School in Mayer, Minnesota Bethel University |
| Home town | New Germany, Minnesota, USA |
| Parents | Patty and Mike Hensel |
| Relatives |
Dakota (Brother) Morgan (Sister) |
Abigail Loraine Hensel and Brittany Lee Hensel (born March 7, 1990) are dicephalic parapagus twins, meaning that they are conjoined twins of whom each has a separate head, but whose bodies are joined. They are highly symmetric, giving the appearance of having just a single body with little variation from normal proportion. In fact, several vital organs are doubled up, each twin having a separate heart, stomach, spine and spinal cord.
Each twin controls her half of their body, operating one of the arms and one of the legs. This means that as infants, the initial learning of physical processes that required bodily coordination, such as clapping, crawling, and walking required the cooperation of both children. While each is able to eat and write separately and simultaneously, activities such as running and swimming must be coordinated and alternate symmetrically. Other activities as diverse as brushing hair and driving a car require that each twin perform a sequence of quite separate actions that coordinate with the other.
Despite the curiosity that their condition has generated, the Hensel twins have managed to live private lives with relatively little press attention. At the age of 16, they gave an interview on The Learning Channel on December 17, 2006, in which they discussed aspects of their daily lives and plans for the future.
Contents |
Background[link]
Abigail and Brittany Hensel were born in Carver County, Minnesota, the daughters of Patty, a registered nurse, and Mike Hensel, a carpenter and landscaper. The twins have a younger brother named Dakota, or Koty for short, a younger sister named Morgan, and a dog named Sadie. They were raised in New Germany and attended Lutheran High School in Mayer, Minnesota.
Physiology[link]
The Hensel twins have a single body with separate heads and necks, a chest that is wider than normal, two arms and two legs. At birth, they had a rudimentary arm attached to a shoulder blade at the back. The arm was removed, leaving the shoulder blade.
Abigail's head tilts laterally outward about 5 degrees to the right, while Brittany's head tilts laterally at about 15 degrees to the left, causing Brittany to appear shorter. At age 12, they underwent surgery at Gillette Children's Specialty Healthcare to correct scoliosis and to expand their chest cavity to prevent future difficulties with breathing.[1]
Each of the twins manages one side of their conjoined body. The sense of touch of each is restricted to her body half; this shades off at the midsagittal plane such that there is a small amount of overlap at the midline. They are effective in cooperatively using their limbs when both hands or both legs are required. By coordinating their efforts, they are able to walk, run, swim and ride a bicycle normally—all tasks that they learned at a normal speed. Together, they can type on a computer keyboard at a normal speed and drive a car.
Organ distribution[link]
Abigail and Brittany have individual organs in the upper part of their body, while most of the organs located at or below the level of the navel are shared, the exception being the spinal cord.[2]
- 2 heads
- 2 spines merging at the coccyx and joined at the thorax by sections of ribs. Surgery was employed to correct scoliosis.
- 2 completely separate spinal cords
- 2 arms (originally 3, but rudimentary central arm was surgically removed, leaving central shoulder blade in place)
- 1 broad ribcage with 2 highly fused sternums and traces of bridging ribs. Surgery was employed to expand the pleural cavities.
- 2 breasts
- 2 hearts in a shared circulatory system (nutrition, respiration, medicine taken by either affects both)
- 4 lungs with the medial lungs moderately fused, not involving Brittany's upper right lobe; three pleural cavities
- 1 diaphragm with well-coordinated involuntary breathing, slight central defect
- 2 stomachs
- 2 gallbladders
- 1 liver, enlarged and elongated right lobe
- Y-shaped small intestine, which experiences a slightly spastic double peristalsis at the juncture
- 1 large intestine with one colon
- 3 kidneys: 2 left, 1 right
- 1 bladder
- 1 set of reproductive organs
- 2 separate half-sacrums, which converge distally
- 1 slightly broad pelvis
- 2 legs
Separation[link]
Upon their birth, their parents rejected the option to attempt surgical separation after hearing from doctors that it was not likely that both girls would survive the operation. As the girls grew and learned to walk and develop other skills, the parents confirmed their decision against separation, arguing that the quality of life for the surviving twin or twins living separately would be less than their quality of life as conjoined beings.[3]
Adulthood[link]
The Hensel twins both successfully passed their drivers license exams, both the written and driving tests. They had to take the tests twice, once for each twin. Abby controls the pedals, radio, heat, defogger, and other devices located to the right of the driver's seat, while Brittany controls the turn signal and lights; together, they control the steering wheel.
They both graduated from high school in 2008. They began college at Bethel University in St. Paul, Minnesota, USA.
In conversation, the twins are clearly distinct persons, with distinct likes and dislikes. Their preferences in food, clothing color, etc., differ. Some of their clothes are altered by their seamstress so that they have two separate necklines in order to emphasize their individuality. They will usually have separate meals, but sometimes will share a single meal for the sake of convenience (e.g., each takes a bite of the same hamburger). Abigail is better at mathematics, and Brittany is better at writing. For tasks such as responding to e-mail, they type and respond as one, anticipating each other's feelings with little verbal communication between them. In such cases as the latter, their choice of grammatical person is to use the first person singular out of habit when they agree, but when their responses do differ, they use their names in the third person singular.
There is some concern about their ability to have continued good health, because only four known sets of conjoined twins who share an undivided torso and two legs have ever survived into adulthood, and most have congenital heart defects or other organ anomalies. None have shown up in the Hensels' case. They have so far had no desire to make themselves available for any medical studies. They intend to make a rather limited number of media appearances in the future, primarily just to appease the world's curiosity and to reduce the number of people who might otherwise be taken aback by their unusual body configuration. They intensely dislike being stared at or photographed by strangers while going about their private lives.[4] In the interviews made for Discovery Channel in 2006, the girls, then 16, said that they hoped to date, get married, and have children. They also stated that they hoped that by providing some information about themselves, they would be able to lead otherwise fairly typical social lives as together, they continue to make new friends.[4][5]
Media appearances[link]
In April 2006, they appeared in Joined for Life, a TV documentary produced by Advanced Medical and distributed on the Discovery Health Channel. They also appeared on The Oprah Winfrey Show on April 8 and April 29, 1996. In April 1996, the twins were featured on the cover of Life under the caption "One Body, Two Souls", and their daily lifestyle was depicted in the corresponding article entitled "The Hensels' Summer". Life followed up with another story in September 1998. In 2003, an updated story of them at age 11 (filmed in 2001) was published in Time and again in Life. They appeared in a follow-up documentary on The Learning Channel on December 17, 2006, filmed around the time of their 16th birthday, in which they discuss dealing with puberty and getting their driver's licenses. In the summer of 2006, they had a vacation in Texas at the home of a family whose dicephalus twin girls had died at a few hours old.[3][6][7][8][9][10]
Filmography[link]
Documentaries and other television appearances include:
| First aired | Title | Distributor | Produced by |
|---|---|---|---|
| April 8, 1996 | The Oprah Winfrey Show | King World Productions | Harpo Productions |
| March 27, 2003 | Joined for Life | Discovery Channel | Advanced Medical Productions, American Broadcasting Company |
| December 17, 2006 | Joined for Life: Abby and Brittany Turn 16 | The Learning Channel | Advanced Medical Productions |
| February 19, 2007 | Extraordinary People: The Twins Who Share a Body | Five (UK) | One North |
References[link]
- ^ "The Twins Who Share a Body". Mymultiplesclerosis.co.uk. http://www.mymultiplesclerosis.co.uk/misc/shared-body.html. Retrieved 2011-12-23.
- ^ "Abigail and Brittany Hensel: an extraordinary bond | Mail Online". London: Dailymail.co.uk. 2006-12-31. http://www.dailymail.co.uk/femail/article-425736/Abigail-Brittany-Hensel-extraordinary-bond.html. Retrieved 2011-12-23.
- ^ a b Wallis, Claudia (1996-03-25). "The Most Intimate Bond". TIME. http://www.time.com/time/archive/preview/0,10987,984307,00.html. Retrieved 2011-12-23.
- ^ a b Hoffman, Kevin (2008-02-28). "Minnesota's Abby and Brittany Hensel, conjoined twins, make Newsweek - Minneapolis News - The Blotter". Blogs.citypages.com. http://blogs.citypages.com/blotter/2008/02/minnesotas_abby.php. Retrieved 2011-12-23.
- ^ Susanna Schrobsdorff (2008-02-23). "Reality’s Believe It or Not - The Daily Beast". Newsweek.com. http://www.newsweek.com/id/114742/page/2. Retrieved 2011-12-23.
- ^ "Joined for life - co-joined six-year-old Hensel twins share many body parts: includes a related article on a set of sextuplets - Cover Story | Science World". Find Articles. 1996-10-04. http://www.findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m1590/is_n3_v53/ai_18773111. Retrieved 2011-12-23.
- ^ Rob Hutchison. "Joined for Life :: Figure 8 Films". Figure8films.tv. http://www.figure8films.tv/content/shows/jfl.htm. Retrieved 2011-12-23.
- ^ "ABC TV Documentaries: Joined For Life". Abc.net.au. 2003-03-27. http://www.abc.net.au/tv/documentaries/stories/s814409.htm. Retrieved 2011-12-23.
- ^ Piccolo, Cynthia M. (August 22, 2004). "Article: Shared Lives: From the types of joining to separation surgeries, the issues around conjoined twins are varied and complex. - MedHunters". Medhunters.com. Archived from the original on August 25, 2004. http://web.archive.org/web/20040825150554/http://www.medhunters.com/articles/sharedLives.html. Retrieved 2011-12-23.
- ^ Channel 5 (UK TV) television program Extraordinary People, 9-10 pm Wednesday 21 November 2007
External links[link]
| Persondata | |
|---|---|
| Name | Hensel, Abigail & Brittany |
| Alternative names | |
| Short description | |
| Date of birth | March 7, 1990 |
| Place of birth | Carver County, Minnesota |
| Date of death | |
| Place of death | |
http://wn.com/Abigail_and_Brittany_Hensel
This page contains text from Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abigail_and_Brittany_Hensel
This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, which means that you can copy and modify it as long as the entire work (including additions) remains under this license.
This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, which means that you can copy and modify it as long as the entire work (including additions) remains under this license.
| Brittany Underwood | |
|---|---|
| Born | (1988-07-06) July 6, 1988 (age 23) Newark, New Jersey, U.S. |
| Occupation | Actress |
| Years active | 2005–present |
Brittany Underwood (born July 6, 1988) is an American actress from New Jersey. She is most recognizable for her role as teenager Langston Wilde, Starr Manning's closest and most loyal friend, on the daytime soap opera One Life to Live, a role she originated in 2006.
Underwood's first television role was in an episode of Law & Order: Special Victims Unit. She has also previously auditioned for the title role in the Disney Channel series Hannah Montana, but lost out to Miley Cyrus.[1]
Underwood is of Colombian descent through her mother and has an older sister named Brigitte. [2] She speaks fluent Spanish and is a black belt in Tae Kwon Do.[1][2]
In an interview with SOAPnet, Underwood said she was currently in college researching neuroscience, and such diseases as Alzheimer's Disease and Parkinson's Disease.[3]
Filmography[link]
- 2005: Law & Order: Special Victims Unit as Kelly (1 episode)
- 2006: One Life to Live as Langston Wilde [Role: 2006–2011]
- 2011: Margaret
- 2011: Game Change as Willow Palin
- 2012: Hollywood Heights as Loren Tate
References[link]
External links[link]
- Brittany Underwood at the Internet Movie Database
- Brittany Underwood at buddytv.com
- Brittany Underwood Fan Page
- Brittany Underwood at Twitter
- Official YouTube page
| Persondata | |
|---|---|
| Name | Underwood, Brittany |
| Alternative names | |
| Short description | |
| Date of birth | July 6, 1988 |
| Place of birth | Newark, New Jersey, U.S. |
| Date of death | |
| Place of death | |
http://wn.com/Brittany_Underwood
This page contains text from Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brittany_Underwood
This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, which means that you can copy and modify it as long as the entire work (including additions) remains under this license.
This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, which means that you can copy and modify it as long as the entire work (including additions) remains under this license.
| Selena Gomez | |
|---|---|
 Gomez attending "The 6th Annual Hollywood Style Awards", Beverly Hills, CA on Oct. 10, 2009 |
|
| Background information | |
| Birth name | Selena Marie Gomez |
| Born | (1992-07-22) July 22, 1992 (age 19) Grand Prairie, Texas, U.S. |
| Genres | Pop, dance, pop rock[1] |
| Occupations | Actress, singer, Fashion Designer |
| Instruments | Vocals, piano, guitar, drums |
| Years active | 2002–present |
| Labels | Hollywood |
| Associated acts | Selena Gomez & the Scene, Demi Lovato, Taylor Swift |
| Website | SelenaGomez.com |
Selena Marie Gomez (born July 22, 1992)[2] is an American actress and singer best known for portraying Alex Russo in the Emmy Award-winning Disney Channel television series Wizards of Waverly Place. She subsequently ventured into feature films and has starred in the television movies Another Cinderella Story, Wizards of Waverly Place: The Movie, and Princess Protection Program. She made her starring theatrical film debut in Ramona and Beezus.
Her career has expanded into the music industry; Gomez is the lead singer and founder of the pop band Selena Gomez & the Scene, which has released three RIAA Gold certified studio albums, Kiss & Tell, A Year Without Rain, and When the Sun Goes Down, spawned three RIAA Platinum certified singles, "Naturally", "Who Says" and "Love You Like a Love Song" and charted four No. 1 Billboard Hot Dance Club Songs.[3] Gomez has also contributed to the soundtracks of Tinker Bell, Another Cinderella Story, Wizards of Waverly Place, and Shake It Up after signing a record deal with Hollywood Records.
In 2008, Gomez was designated a UNICEF Goodwill Ambassador.[4]
Contents |
Early life[link]
Gomez was born in Grand Prairie, Texas.[2] She is the daughter of former stage actress Amanda Dawn "Mandy" Teefey (née Cornett) and Ricardo Joel Gomez.[5][6][7] Her father is of Mexican ancestry, and her mother is of part Italian descent.[8][9] Regarding her Hispanic heritage, Gomez said: "My family does have Quinceañeras, and we go to the communion church. We do everything that's Catholic, but we don't really have anything traditional except [that we] go to the park and have barbecues on Sundays after church."[10] Her birth parents divorced when she was five years old, and she was raised as an only child by her working mother.[5][11] In 2006, Mandy remarried Brian Teefey.[12] She was named after Tejano singer Selena, who died almost three years after Gomez was born.[13] In a 2009 interview with People, Gomez mentioned that she developed an early interest in acting from watching her mother prepare for and act in theater productions.[11] She earned a high school diploma through homeschooling in May 2010.[14]
Career[link]
[edit] 2002–06: Barney & Friends and early work
Gomez began her acting career at age seven, playing Gianna on Barney & Friends.[15] She later had minor roles in Spy Kids 3-D: Game Over and the TV film Walker, Texas Ranger: Trial By Fire. Gomez also starred in the television movie Brain Zapped. (Selena Gomez also found out that she wanted to be an actress because in E Special she states that "I would also watch my mom on stage do her lines".)
In 2004, Gomez was discovered by the Disney Channel in a USA-wide scouting.[16] Gomez appeared as a guest star on The Suite Life of Zack & Cody and had a guest appearance – that later turned into a recurring role – on Hannah Montana from seasons two to three. Gomez previously taped two different pilots that were spin-offs to two previous Disney series.[17] The first one, What's Stevie Thinking?, was the spin-off to Lizzie McGuire. Gomez played Stevie Sanchez, Miranda Sanchez's little sister. The other show was titled Arwin!, the spin-off to The Suite Life of Zack & Cody, in which she played Alexa. Neither series was picked up.
[edit] 2007–09: Wizards of Waverly Place and Selena Gomez & The Scene
In early 2007 Gomez was cast in the Disney Channel series Wizards of Waverly Place as one of the three main characters, Alex Russo. The show premiered to an audience of 5.9 million, becoming a hit. Many news outlets began dubbing Gomez the next 'Miley Cyrus' causing some controversy and a reported 'feud'. Gomez clarified that there was no feud and that she was flattered by the comparison, saying: "It's a little overwhelming, but I think really, it's a compliment. She's obviously extremely successful, and I think she's a wonderful performer ... So being compared to her, I was very, very flattered."[18] Gomez recorded four songs, one of which was a cover, for theWizards of Waverly Place soundtrack, only one single (Magic) from the album was released.
In 2008, Gomez recorded a cover of "Cruella de Vil"—which included a music video—for the compilation albumDisneyMania 6. Gomez also recorded "Fly to Your Heart" for the 2008 animated film Tinker Bell. In July 2008, before Gomez' sixteenth birthday, she signed a recording deal with Hollywood Records, a music label owned by Disney.[19] In May, of the same year, Gomez was featured, with Forever the Sickest Kids, on a duet version of the non-album song "Whoa Oh!".[20] The same year Gomez appeared in Another Cinderella Story, the direct-to-DVD sequel to the 2004 Hilary Duff film, opposite Drew Seeley. She also had a minor voiceover role as one the Mayor's ninety-six daughters in Horton Hears a Who! which released in March of that year. In April, Lacey Rose, of Forbes ranked Gomez as being fifth on their "Eight Hot Kid Stars To Watch" list; and Rose described Gomez as having been "a multitalented teen".[21] Gomez recorded three songs for the movie's soundtrack.
In 2009, Gomez formed the teen pop band Selena Gomez & the Scene. Kiss & Tell, the band's debut studio album and was released on September 29, 2009 by Hollywood Records. On March 5, 2010, the album was certified Gold by RIAA.[3] The album's single, "Naturally", was certified Platinum by the RIAA on July 15, 2010.[3] In February 2009, Gomez signed on to star as one of the two female leads in Ramona and Beezus, a film adaption of the children's novel series by Beverly Cleary.[22][23] Gomez stated that she felt no pressure in taking more adult roles: "I think I’m fully aware of my audience and I’m still just a kid myself. I wouldn’t do a role I don’t feel comfortable doing or that my audience wouldn’t feel comfortable seeing."[24]
In June 2009, Gomez did a guest appearance as herself in one episode of best friend Demi Lovato's Disney Channel television show, Sonny with a Chance, entitled "Battle of The Network Stars". That same month Gomez appeared alongside Lovato in the made-for-television Disney Channel movie, Princess Protection Program.[25] The telecast garnered 8.5 million viewers becoming, at the time, the third most watched Disney Channel Original Movie.[26] One month later, Gomez, along with two cast members of Wizards of Waverly Place appeared in a television three-way cross-over episode with Hannah Montana and The Suite Life on Deck, entitled Wizards on Deck with Hannah Montana.
On August 28, 2009 two months after appearing in Princess Protection Program, Gomez starred in Wizards of Waverly Place: The Movie, a made-for-television film based on the show.[27] The film premiered to an audience of 11.4 million viewers becoming cable's No. 1 scripted telecast of 2009 and Disney Channel's second most-viewed film premiere after High School Musical 2.[28] In September 2009, Wizards of Waverly Place won "Outstanding Children's Program" at the 61st Primetime Emmy Awards.[29] In 2010, the film adaptation won the series its second consecutive Emmy for "Outstanding Children's Program" at the 62nd Primetime Emmy Awards.[29]
[edit] 2010–2011:Theatrical film debut, A Year Without Rain and When The Sun Goes Down
Gomez's first theatrical film Ramona & Beezus premiered on July 23, 2010 and met with generally positive reviews.[30] In March 2010, Variety reported that Gomez was set to star as one of the three lead roles in Monte Carlo, alongside Leighton Meester and Katie Cassidy.[31] In the film Gomez plays Grace, a girl who’s “mistaken for a socialite while on a trip to Paris.”[32] To prepare for the role Gomez learned how to play polo and also took two weeks of vocal training to learn two different British accents.[33][34] The same year Gomez confirmed that the fourth season of her hit Disney Channel show, Wizards of Waverly Place, would be its last.
On September 17, 2010 , Selena Gomez and The Scene released their second studio album, A Year Without Rain The record debuted on the Billboard 200 at number 4, selling 66,000 copies. On January 19, 2011, the album was certified Gold by RIAA.[3] As of April 2011, the band has sold 1,354,000 albums in the United States.[35] To support the album, the band embarked on the mini-tour A Year Without Rain Tour. In February 2011, Deadline.com reported that Universal Pictures and Strike Entertainment had acquired the novel Thirteen Reasons Why by Jay Asher with Gomez attached to the lead.[36] That same month TV Guide reported that Gomez would make a cameo in the Muppets film.[37] On March 23, 2011, Hollywood Records announced through a press release that Selena Gomez & The Scene would be embarking on their third concert tour in the United States, the We Own the Night Tour ran during the summer of 2011.[38] Production for the final season of Wizards of Waverly Place came to a wrap on May 14, 2011.[39] Gomez co-hosted the 2011 MuchMusic Video Awards on June 19.[40] She also hosted the 2011 MTV EMAs on November 6, 2011, in Belfast, Northern Ireland, where she performed her band's single "Hit the Lights". Near the end of 2011, it was reported Gomez was in talks to star in two upcoming films. Deadline.com announced in October that Gomez would take part in the comedy Hot Mess.[41]
In early November, Variety reported that Gomez was in talks to star in the upcoming film Spring Breakers alongside James Franco and Vanessa Hudgens.[42] Gomez confirmed to MTV that she had signed on for the project and that production will begin in early 2012.[43] On June 28, 2011, Selena Gomez & the scene released their third studio album, When the Sun Goes Down, previously titledOtherside,[44] The album debuted at number 4 on the Billboard 200, selling 78,000 copies its first week and the following week, the album rose to number 3 on the Billboard chart, becoming the band's highest charting album to date.[45][46] On November 17, 2011, the album was certified platinum.[3] The album's lead single, "Who Says" was certified Platinum by RIAA on June 23, 2011 and has become the band's highest charting song on the Billboard Hot 100 to date, peaking at number 21.[3][47] The second single, "Love You Like a Love Song", was certified Platinum by RIAA on December 2, 2011, and became the act's first to sell over two-million copies.[3][48]
2012–present: Focus on film[link]
In January 2012, Gomez announced that she would put her music career on hold.[49] This was later reaffirmed as Gomez wrote on her Facebook page that she was taking a break from music in order to focus on her acting career, "my band and I are going our separate ways for a while. This year is all about films and acting and I want my band to play music wherever with whoever. We will be back but, it will be a good while."[50] In February 2012, Gomez announced that the band would be taking a hiatus, so that she could focus on film for the year. She encouraged her band mates to work with other artists during the hiatus.[51] The same month, it was announced that Gomez will replace Miley Cyrus in the animated comedy Hotel Transylvania playing Mavis, the daughter of Dracula who will be voiced by Adam Sandler.[52] As of March 2012, Gomez has been cast in four upcoming films; in which three of them she has been cast as a lead role. She will first appear in Hotel Transylvania, an animated film, voicing the character of Mavis, who was originally supposed to be voiced by Miley Cyrus, however Cyrus dropped out of the film in early 2012 in order to focus on her music career.[53] The film is scheduled to be released on September 21, 2012.[54] Next, Gomez will appear in Spring Breakers, which is currently being filmed on location in Sarasota, Florida. The film is being written and directed by Harmony Korine.[55] Gomez has also been cast as the main role of Hannah Baker in the film adaptation of young-adult fiction novel, 13 Reasons Why. The novel was written by Jay Asher.[56] She will also play the lead role in a film called Hot Mess, a comedy film directed by Dave Meyers.[56] On April 7, 2012, Gomez posted a video for fans in which she revealed that she will be filming a new movie called "The Getaway" in Bulgaria. [57]
Other projects[link]
Philanthropy[link]
Gomez was involved in the UR Votes Count campaign which encouraged teenagers to learn more about 2008 presidential candidates Barack Obama and John McCain.[58] In October 2008, Gomez participated in St. Jude's Children's Hospital "Runway For Life" benefit.[59] Gomez is a spokesperson for Borden Milk; she is featured in the campaign's print and television ads.[60] She is the ambassador of DoSomething.org after being involved with the charity Island Dog, which help dogs in Puerto Rico.[61] She got involved while filming Wizards of Waverly Place: The Movie in Puerto Rico.[62] Gomez is a spokesperson for State Farm Insurance, and is featured in their TV commercials; which air on the Disney Channel, to raise awareness of being a safe driver.[63] Gomez is also involved with the charity RAISE Hope For Congo, an initiative of the Enough Project, which helps raise awareness about conflict minerals and violence against Congolese women.[64]
In October 2008, Gomez was named UNICEF's spokesperson for the Trick-or-Treat for UNICEF campaign, which encouraged children to raise money on Halloween to help children around the world.[4] She said that she was "extremely excited" to "encourage other kids to make a difference in the world."[4]
In August 2009, a 17-year-old Gomez became the youngest UNICEF ambassador ever, passing fellow songstress Hayley Westenra, who was 18 when she was chosen. In her first official field mission, Gomez traveled to Ghana on September 4, 2009 for a week to witness first-hand the stark conditions of vulnerable children that lack vital necessities including clean water, nourishment, education and healthcare.[65][66] Gomez explained during an interview with Associated Press that she wanted to use her star power to bring awareness to Ghana: “That’s why I feel very honored to have a voice that kids listen to and take into consideration [...] I had people on my tour asking me where IS Ghana, and they Googled it [...] and because I went there, they now know where Ghana is. So it’s pretty incredible.”[66][67] Gomez said of her role as ambassador that: "Every day 25,000 children die from preventable causes. I stand with UNICEF in the belief that we can change that number from 25,000 to zero. I know we can achieve this because every moment, UNICEF is on the ground providing children with the lifesaving assistance needed to ensure zero becomes a reality."[65]
Gomez was named spokesperson for UNICEF's 2009 Trick-or-Treat campaign, for the second year in a row.[68] Gomez, who raised over $700,000 for the charity in 2008, stated that she hopes to be able to raise 1 million dollars in 2009.[66] Gomez participated in a celebrity auction[69] and hosted a live web cast series on Facebook in support of the Trick-or-Treat for UNICEF campaign.[70] Gomez returned as the UNICEF spokesperson for the 60th anniversary of Trick-or-Treat for UNICEF campaign in 2010.[71] In celebration of the 60th anniversary, Gomez and her band, The Scene, held a benefit concert donating all proceeds to the campaign.[72]. On January 22nd 2010, Gomez participated in the Hope for Haiti Now Telethon with a number of other celebrities[73].
In February 2011, Gomez traveled to Chile to witness and meet with the families of UNICEF's supported program, "Programa Puente" which helps families better understand and develops skills to deal effectively with early childhood education, development and other issues related to raising children. From her field trip experience, Gomez said "UNICEF is helping Chilean families get out of poverty, prevent violence within the home and promote education. To witness first hand these families' struggles, and also their hope and perseverance, was truly inspiring."[74] In March 2011, Gomez participated in the UNICEF Tap Project's "Celebrity Tap Pack," limited-edition, custom-made water bottles featuring tap water from the homes of each celebrity advocate, in order to raise funds and increase profile for the clean water and sanitation programs.[75] She is also featured in videos promoting the campaign.[76][77]
Gomez is involved in Disney's Friends for Change, an organization which promotes "environmently-friendly behavior", and appears in its public service announcements.[78] Gomez, Demi Lovato, Miley Cyrus, and the Jonas Brothers recorded "Send It On", a charity single with all of its proceeds to the Disney Worldwide Conservation Fund.[79][80] It debuted on the Billboard Hot 100 at number 20.[79] Also in 2009, Gomez made a surprise visit to a Los Angeles elementary school as part of the "A Day Made Better" program that was sponsored by OfficeMax. During her visit, Gomez gave the school an award and $1,000 worth of school supplies, and talked to students about the importance of giving back to the community.[81][82]
Gomez is also the owner of six rescue dogs and describes herself as a "huge animal-lover".[83]
In April 2012, Gomez was named ambassador to the Ryan Seacrest Foudation[84].
Entrepreneurship and sponsorships[link]
Gomez was part of Sears back-to-school fashion ad campaign.[85] As part of the campaign Gomez was featured in the television commercials. In August 2009, Gomez also hosted the "Sears Arrive Air Band Casting Call" – to select five people for the first-ever "Sears Air Band", which performed at the 2009 MTV Video Music Awards.[86]
In October 2008, Gomez launched her own production company, July Moon Productions, and partnered with XYZ Films to create star vehicles for Gomez. As part of the agreement Gomez will have the opportunity to be able option articles, hire writers and create talent packages to shop to studios.[87][88] Also, as part of the deal, "XYZ Films will allow Gomez to star in and produce at least two films.[81] Variety reported that: "In August, XYZ [Films] inked a similar deal with Time Inc. and management-production company the Collective to finance the development of the print media giant's content for the bigscreen [...] As part of the July Moon-XYZ deal, [Selena] Gomez will have the ability to cherry-pick projects from the vast Time Inc. library, which includes Time, Sports Illustrated, Fortune and Life."[88]
In October 2009, Gomez announced her plan to launch her own fashion line, called "Dream Out Loud by Selena Gomez". The clothing line launched in the fall of 2010.[89][90] The collection consists of and features bohemian dresses, floral tops, jeans, skirts, jackets, scarves and hats, all made from recycled or eco-friendly materials.[91][92] Gomez said that the line will reflect her own personal style and described the clothing as being "pretty, feminine, and bohemian," and: "With my line, I really want to give the customer options on how they can put their own looks together [...] I want the pieces that can be easy to dress up or down, and the fabrics being eco-friendly and organic is super important [...] Also, the tags will all have some of my inspirational quotes on them. I'm just looking to send a good message."[89][92] Gomez, who has no background in fashion, teamed up with designers Tony Melillo and Sandra Campos, both who have worked with big-name fashion houses.[90] Gomez said of the partnering: "When I met Tony and Sandra, I was instantly comfortable with them and now they are just like family to me ... They are so creative and I love how I can just call them up whenever and talk to them about everything, even if it's just about changing a button ... They've been so cool about everything."[89][90][91][92] The brand will be manufactured by, Melillo and Campos teamed with New York-based Adjmi Apparel and formed by Adjmi CH Brands LLC; which is the holding company for the brand.[93]
It was announced on July 14, 2011, that Gomez had signed a license agreement with Adrenalina, an extreme sports and adventure-themed lifestyle brand, to develop, manufacture, and distribute the actress' fragrance. It is expected to debut in May of 2012. Chairman and C.E.O. of Adrenalina, Ilia Lekach, said, "We are incredibly enthused to be working with Ms. Gomez and will reveal more details pertaining to the fragrance as we get closer to the launch date."[94]
Personal life and Image[link]
With a solid fan and media following, Selena Gomez is considered a teen idol. She has appeared on several magazine covers, including People Magazine,[95] Cosmopolitan,[96] Billboard,[97] TVGuide,[98] Teen Vogue,[99] Seventeen,[100] Elle[101].
Wax statues of Gomez are on display at Madame Tussauds wax museums in New York[102], London[103], Washington D.C[104] and Hollywood.
Relationships[link]
Gomez has had several high-profile relationships. She had an on-off relationship with singer Nick Jonas of the Jonas Brothers from 2008 to 2010.[105] In 2009, she met actor Taylor Lautner in Vancouver, while she was filming Ramona and Beezus and he was shooting New Moon[106], and the two dated for almost a year. However the pressure of the media became too much for them and caused the two to break-up.[107] On February 27 2011, Gomez attended the 2011 Vanity Fair Oscar Party with Canadian singer Justin Bieber,[108] confirming several months of media speculation about a romantic relationship between the pair.[109][110][111][112][113][114] The relationship has since continued to garner significant media attention.[115][116][117][118][119]
Filmography[link]
Film[link]
| Year | Title | Role | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2003 | Spy Kids 3-D: Game Over | Waterpark Girl | |
| 2005 | Walker, Texas Ranger: Trial by Fire | Julie | |
| 2008 | Another Cinderella Story | Mary Santiago | Young Artist Award for Best Performance in a TV Movie Teen Choice Award for Celebrity Dancer |
| Horton Hears a Who! | Helga | Nominated - Young Artist Award for Best Performance in a Voice-over Role | |
| 2009 | Princess Protection Program | Carter Mason | Nominated - Young Artist Award for Best Performance in a TV Movie Teen Choice Award for Summer TV Star (Female) |
| Wizards of Waverly Place: The Movie | Alex Russo | Nominated - Imagen Award for Best Television Actress | |
| Arthur and the Vengeance of Maltazard | Princess Selenia | (Replaced Madonna) | |
| 2010 | Arthur 3: The War of the Two Worlds | Princess Selenia | |
| Ramona and Beezus | Beatrice "Beezus" Quimby | Nominated - Teen Choice Award for Summer Movie Star (Female) | |
| 2011 | Monte Carlo | Grace Bennett/ Cordelia Winthrop Scott |
Nominated - ALMA Award for Favorite Movie Actress in a Musical/Comedy Nominated - Teen Choice Award for Summer Movie Star (Female) |
| The Muppets | Herself | ||
| 2012 | Hotel Transylvania | Mavis | |
| 2013 | Spring Breakers | Faith | |
| Aftershock | TBA | ||
| The Getaway | Kid | ||
| TBA | Thirteen Reasons Why | Hannah Baker | |
| TBA | Hot Mess | TBA | |
| TBA | The Sky Is Everywhere | Lennie Walker |
Television[link]
| Year | Title | Role | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2002–2003 | Barney & Friends | Gianna | Recurring role |
| 2006 | Brain Zapped | Emily Grace Garcia | Unsold pilot[120] |
| 2006 | The Suite Life of Zack & Cody | Gwen | "A Midsummer's Nightmare" (season 2: episode 22) |
| 2007–2008 | Hannah Montana | Mikayla | "I Want You to Want Me... to Go to Florida" (season 2: episode 13) "That's What Friends Are For?" (season 2: episode 18) "(We're So Sorry) Uncle Earl" (season 2: episode 22) (uncredited) |
| 2007–2012 | Wizards of Waverly Place | Alex Russo | Lead role |
| 2008 | Jonas Brothers: Living the Dream | Herself | (Season 1, episode 7) |
| 2008 | Studio DC: Almost Live | Herself | Second Show |
| 2008 | Disney Channel Games | Herself | Third annual |
| 2009 | The Suite Life on Deck | Alex Russo | "Double-Crossed" (season 1: episode 21) |
| 2009 | Hannah Montana | Alex Russo | "Super(stitious) Girl" (season 3: episode 19) |
| 2009 | Sonny with a Chance | Herself | "Battle of the Networks' Stars" (season 1: episode 13) |
| 2011 | So Random! | Herself | "Selena Gomez & the Scene" (season 1: episode 3) Musical guest singing "Who Says" |
| 2011 | PrankStars | Herself | "Something to Chew On (Pilot)" (season 1: episode 1) |
| 2012 | Funny Or Die | Woman | "'Fifty Shades Of Blue'" Parody Video |
Discography[link]
See also: Selena Gomez & the Scene discography
- Albums
- 2009: Kiss & Tell
- 2010: A Year Without Rain
- 2011: When the Sun Goes Down
Soundtrack albums[link]
| Title | Album details | Peak chart positions | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| US [121] |
US OST [121] |
US Kids [121] |
NOR [122] |
|||
| Another Cinderella Story |
|
116 | 8 | — | — | |
| Wizards of Waverly Place |
|
24 | 4 | 2 | 27 | |
| "—" denotes items which were not released in that country or failed to chart. | ||||||
Singles[link]
| Title | Year | Peak chart positions | Album | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| US [123] |
CAN [123] |
NOR [124] |
|||
| "Tell Me Something I Don't Know" | 2008 | 58 | — | — | Another Cinderella Story |
| "Magic" | 2009 | 61 | 86 | 5 | Wizards of Waverly Place |
| "Shake It Up" | 2011 | — | — | — | Shake It Up: Break It Down |
Featured singles[link]
| Title | Year | Peak chart positions | Album |
|---|---|---|---|
| US [123] |
|||
| "Whoa Oh!" (Forever The Sickest Kids featuring Selena Gomez) |
2009 | — | non-album song |
| "Send It On" (among Disney's Friends for Change) |
20 | non-album song |
Other charted songs[link]
| Title | Year | Peak chart positions | Album |
|---|---|---|---|
| US [123] |
|||
| "One and the Same" (with Demi Lovato) |
2009 | 82 | Disney Channel Playlist |
Music videos[link]
| Song | Year | Album |
|---|---|---|
| "Burnin' Up" | 2008 | A Little Bit Longer; played Nick Jonas' love interest |
| "Cruella De Vil" | 2008 | Disneymania 6 |
| "Fly to Your Heart" | 2008 | Tinker Bell |
| "Tell Me Something I Don't Know" | 2008/2009 | Kiss & Tell |
| "One and the Same" | 2009 | Princess Protection Program, Disney Channel Playlist |
| "Send It On" | 2009 | Send It On |
| "Falling Down" | 2009 | Kiss & Tell |
| "Naturally" | 2009 | Kiss & Tell |
| "Round and Round" | 2010 | A Year Without Rain |
| "A Year Without Rain" | 2010 | A Year Without Rain |
| "The Dance Routine" | 2011 | non-album, The Midnight Beast, cameo |
| "Who Says" | 2011 | When the Sun Goes Down |
| "Love You Like a Love Song" | 2011 | When the Sun Goes Down |
| "Hit the Lights" | 2011 | When the Sun Goes Down |
| "Hit the Lights" | 2012 | When the Sun Goes Down |
Tours[link]
| Year | Tour | Gross revenue |
|---|---|---|
| 2009/2010 | Live in Concert | $85,102 |
| 2010/2011 | A Year Without Rain Tour | $634,667 |
| 2011/2012 | We Own the Night Tour | $5,754,314 |
Rankings[link]
| Year | Title | Rank |
|---|---|---|
| 2009 | People Magazine's Most Beautiful Under 21[125] | No. 1 |
| 2010 | Billboard's Hottest Music Stars Under 21[126] | No. 3 |
| People Magazine's 50 Most Beautiful People[127] | Top 50 | |
| 2011 | Latina Magazine's 25 Most Beautiful Latino Stars Under 25[128] | No. 4 |
| Latina Magazine's 15 Latinas We Love![129] | No Specific Order | |
| Paper Magazine's Most Beautiful People[130] | No Specific Order | |
| Billboard's Hottest Music Stars Under 21[126] | No. 3 | |
| 2012 | AskMen's Top 99 Women[131] | No. 14 |
| AskMen's Top 99 Women (UK)[132] | No. 33 | |
| People Magazine's Most Beautiful Look-alikes[133] | No. 3 | |
| FHM's 100 Sexiest Women in the World[134] | No. 75 | |
| Glamour Magazine's Best Dressed Women in the World (UK)[135] | No. 33 | |
| Maxim's Hot 100[136] | No. 24 |
Awards and nominations[link]
Main article: List of awards and nominations received by Selena Gomez
References[link]
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- ^ 46 days ago by William Earl. "[VIDEO] Selena Gomez Reveals Her Sexy New Action Movie Role". Hollywoodlife.com. http://www.hollywoodlife.com/2012/04/08/selena-gomez-new-movie-role-the-getaway-video/. Retrieved 2012-05-24.
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- ^ NBC Official Site (2009-06). "Late Night with Jimmy Fallon – Video Blogs – Tonight's Guest: Selena Gomez – Jimmy Fallon's Video Blog". LateNightWithJimmyFallon. http://www.latenightwithjimmyfallon.com/blogs/2009/06/tonights-guest-selena-gomez/. Retrieved 2009-08-05.
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- ^ "Celebrities Raise Hope For Congo". Looktothestars.org. 2009-07-10. http://www.looktothestars.org/news/2789-celebrities-raise-hope-for-congo. Retrieved 2009-08-06.
- ^ a b "Teen Sensation Selena Gomez Appointed UNICEF Ambassador". Reuters. 2009-09-03. http://www.reuters.com/article/pressRelease/idUS178135+03-Sep-2009+PRN20090903. Retrieved 2009-10-22.
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- ^ "Meet Selena Gomez at the Concert of Your Choice". CharityBuzz.com. http://www.charitybuzz.com/catalog_items/100611. Retrieved 2009-10-21.
- ^ UNICEF (2009-10-08). "UNICEF Ambassador Selena Gomez named spokesperson for Trick-or-Treat for UNICEF campaign". StamFordPlus.com. http://www.stamfordplus.com/stm/information/nws1/publish/News_1/UNICEF-Ambassador-Selena-Gomez-named-spokesperson-for-Trick-or-Treat-for-UNICEF-campaign6260.shtml. Retrieved 2009-10-26.
- ^ "Trick-or-Treat for UNICEF celebrates 60 years of America's youth making a difference throughout the world". 2009-05-26. http://www.unicefusa.org/news/releases/trick-or-treat-for-unicef-long-lead-release.html. Retrieved 2010-05-30.
- ^ "Selena Gomez & The Scene Announce a Charity Concert in Celebration of the 60th Anniversary of Trick-or-Treat for UNICEF". 2011-10-06. http://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/selena-gomez--the-scene-announce-a-charity-concert-in-celebration-of-the-60th-anniversary-of-trick-or-treat-for-unicef-104432868.html. Retrieved 2011-08-21.
- ^ http://www.disneydreaming.com/2010/01/20/selena-gomez-helps-in-hope-for-haiti-telethon/
- ^ "UNICEF Ambassador Selena Gomez visits Chile". 2011-02-02. http://www.unicefusa.org/news/releases/unicef-ambassador-selena-gomez-chile.html. Retrieved 2011-08-21.
- ^ "Celebrities Team Up with UNICEF Tap Project to Provide Safe, Clean Drinking Water to Children around the World". 2011-03-13. http://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/celebrities-team-up-with-unicef-tap-project-to-provide-safe-clean-drinking-water-to-children-around-the-world-117899059.html. Retrieved 2011-08-21.
- ^ "LOL: Selena Gomez is crazy... about UNICEF". CBS News. 2011-03-29. http://www.cbsnews.com/8301-504784_162-20048529-10391705.html. Retrieved 2011-08-21.
- ^ "Selena Gomez fills her Celebrity Tap bottle". 2011-04-20. http://fieldnotes.unicefusa.org/2011/04/selena_gomez_fills_her_celebri.html.
- ^ "Friends For Change: Disney Groups". Disney.go.com. http://disney.go.com/disneygroups/friendsforchange/#/disneygroups/friendsforchange/. Retrieved 2009-10-21.
- ^ a b ""Send it on", an anthem by the world's biggest teen stars" (DOC) (Press release). Disney Channel. 2009-08-06. http://www.disneychannelmedianet.com/DNR/2009/doc/Send_It_On_Disneys_Friends_for_Change%20_081909.doc. Retrieved 2009-08-20.
- ^ "Send It On (feat. Demi Lovato, Jonas Brothers, Miley Cyrus & Selena Gomez) – Single". iTunes Store. Apple Inc.. 2009-08-11. http://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewAlbum?id=325770503&s=143441. Retrieved 2009-08-20.
- ^ a b "Selena Gomez to Star in 'What Boys Want'". Parade. 2009-10-20. http://www.parade.com/celebrity/hollywood-wire/2009/10/20/selena-gomez-to-star-in-what-boys-want.html. Retrieved 2009-10-21.
- ^ FOX 411 Editor (2009-10-07). "Selena Gomez Helps Give Back To Her Community". FoxNews.com. http://entertainment.blogs.foxnews.com/2009/10/07/selena-gomez-helps-gives-back-to-her-community/. Retrieved 2009-10-25.
- ^ "BFFs Selena Gomez & Demi Lovato Show Off Their Furry Best Pals". PeoplePets.com. 2009-06-18. http://www.peoplepets.com/news/celebrities/bffs-selena-gomez-demi-lovato-show-off-their-furry-best-pals/1. Retrieved 2009-08-06.
- ^ http://ryanseacrest.com/2012/04/20/selena-gomez-ryan-seacrest-foundation/
- ^ "Sears Arrive Lounge – The Hottest Guys & Girls Fashion with Selena Gomez". ArriveLounge. http://www.arrivelounge.com/. Retrieved 2009-10-20.
- ^ Bee-Syuan Chang (2009-07-31). "Selena Gomez and Sears Team Up For Back To School Style". Stylist.com. http://www.stylelist.com/blog/2009/07/31/selena-gomez-and-sears-team-up-for-back-to-school-style/. Retrieved 2009-10-21.
- ^ Joyce Eng (2008-10-30). "Wizards' Selena Gomez Conjures Own Production Company". TVGuide.com. http://www.tvguide.com/News/Selena-Gomez-Forms-35034.aspx. Retrieved 2009-10-21.
- ^ a b Tatianna Siegel (2008-10-29). "Selena Gomez forms production co". Variety. http://www.variety.com/article/VR1117994893.html?categoryid=13&cs=1. Retrieved 2009-10-21.
- ^ a b c Lauren Joskowitz (2009-10-15). "Selena Gomez Introduces 'Dream Out Loud,' Her Own Line Of Eco-Friendly, Bohemian Clothes". MYV.com. http://hollywoodcrush.mtv.com/2009/10/15/selena-gomez-introduces-dream-out-loud-her-own-line-of-eco-friendly-bohemian-clothes/. Retrieved 2009-10-22.
- ^ a b c Ella Ngo (2009-10-15). "Seelna Gomez Gets Her Own Fashion Line". E!Online.com. http://www.eonline.com/uberblog/b149093_selena_gomez_gets_her_own_fashion_line.html. Retrieved 2009-10-22.
- ^ a b "Selena Gomez to Launch Clothing Line". TransWorldNews.com. 2009-10-15. http://www.transworldnews.com/NewsStory.aspx?id=130338&cat=2. Retrieved 2009-10-22.
- ^ a b c April MacIntyre (2009-10-15). "Selena Gomez launches fashion line in fall 2010". MonsterandCritics.com. http://www.monstersandcritics.com/lifestyle/fashion/news/article_1507339.php/Selena-Gomez-launches-fashion-line-in-fall-2010. Retrieved 2009-10-22.
- ^ Julee Kaplan (2009-10-15). "Disney Star Selena Gomez Launching Fashion Brand". WWD.com. http://www.wwd.com/markets-news/as-a-designer-selena-gomez-has-big-dreams-2343323. Retrieved 2009-10-25.
- ^ "Adrenalina Inc. Signs Exclusive Global Fragrance Agreement with Selena Gomez". http://www.marketwatch.com/. 2011-07-18. http://www.marketwatch.com/story/adrenalina-inc-signs-exclusive-global-fragrance-agreement-with-selena-gomez-2011-07-14?reflink=MW_news_stmp. Retrieved 2011-07-14.
- ^ http://www.google.com/imgres?q=selena+gomez+people+magazine+cover&hl=en&safe=active&biw=1280&bih=713&gbv=2&tbm=isch&tbnid=n9S_Dgg2q2CCjM:&imgrefurl=http://www.disneydreaming.com/2009/06/16/demi-lovato-and-selena-gomez-on-the-cover-of-people-magazine/&docid=dzGnUZx3MoZ_kM&imgurl=http://www.disneydreaming.com/wp-content/uploads/2009/06/Demi-Lovato-And-Selena-Gomez-People-Magazine-Cover.png&w=489&h=661&ei=fL_DT5HxF46eOrrggNUJ&zoom=1&iact=rc&dur=116&sig=116966458106407092151&page=1&tbnh=164&tbnw=121&start=0&ndsp=19&ved=1t:429,r:0,s:0,i:73&tx=65&ty=41
- ^ http://www.cosmopolitan.com/celebrity/exclusive/selena-gomez-march-cover-cosmopolitan
- ^ http://www.billboard.com/features/selena-gomez-the-billboard-cover-story-1005227022.story
- ^ http://img1.bdbphotos.com/images/orig/i/x/ix9i9ugouprviv9u.jpg
- ^ http://www.teenvogue.com/industry/coverlook/2011/05/selena-gomez-teen-vogue-photos#slide=1
- ^ http://www.hollywire.com/fashion-beauty/selena-gomez-covers-seventeen-magazines-prom-issue-2010
- ^ http://www.disneydreaming.com/2011/07/22/selena-gomez-elle-magazine-mexico-cover-august-2011/
- ^ http://www.madametussauds.com/NewYork/NewsAndEvents/SelenaGomez/default.aspx
- ^ http://www.madametussauds.com/London/NewsAndEvents/SelenaGomezArrives/default.aspx
- ^ http://www.madametussauds.com/Washington/OurFigures/HollywoodStars/SelenaGomez.aspx
- ^ http://www.people.com/people/article/0,,20356857,00.html
- ^ http://www.people.com/people/article/0,,20275004,00.html
- ^ http://www.nowpublic.com/culture/taylor-lautner-and-selena-gomez-break-new-moon-romance-over
- ^ Hogan, Kate (2011-02-28). "Justin Bieber and Selena Gomez Step Out Together on Oscar Night". People. http://www.people.com/people/article/0,,20469564,00.html. Retrieved 2012-01-06.
- ^ "Caught in the Act!". People. 2010-11-04. http://www.people.com/people/article/0,,20439639,00.html. Retrieved 2012-01-06.
- ^ Greer, Carlos (2010-12-13). "Selena Gomez: Justin Bieber and I Are Just Friends". People. http://www.people.com/people/article/0,,20449246,00.html. Retrieved 2012-01-06.
- ^ Ziegbe, Mawuse (2010-12-23). "Justin Bieber Calls Selena Gomez 'An Amazing Person'". MTV. http://www.mtv.com/news/articles/1654905/justin-bieber-calls-selena-gomez-amazing-person.jhtml. Retrieved 2012-01-06.
- ^ "Bikini-clad Selena Gomez kisses Justin Bieber". USA Today. 2011-01-03. http://today.msnbc.msn.com/id/40898352/ns/today-entertainment/t/bikini-clad-selena-gomez-kisses-justin-bieber/#.Twdff0o-O3k. Retrieved 2012-01-06.
- ^ Nudd, Tim (2011-01-03). "Justin Bieber & Selena Gomez Caught Kissing in the Caribbean". People. http://www.people.com/people/article/0,,20454367,00.html. Retrieved 2012-01-06.
- ^ Hammel, Sarah (2011-01-31). "Justin Bieber Calls Selena Gomez 'One of My Best Friends'". People. http://www.people.com/people/article/0,,20462453,00.html. Retrieved 2012-01-06.
- ^ Riedel, David (2011-05-23). "Justin Bieber and Selena Gomez kiss at Billboard Music Awards". CBS. http://www.cbsnews.com/8301-31749_162-20065270-10391698.html. Retrieved 2012-01-06.
- ^ Lee, Felicia (2011-08-08). "Selena Gomez and Taylor Swift Are Teens' Choices". New York Times. http://artsbeat.blogs.nytimes.com/2011/08/08/selena-gomez-and-taylor-swift-are-teens-choices/. Retrieved 2012-01-06.
- ^ Oldenburg, Ann (2011-10-24). "Justin Bieber, Selena Gomez enjoy romance, hockey in Canada". USA Today. http://content.usatoday.com/communities/entertainment/post/2011/10/justin-bieber-selena-gomez-enjoy-romance-hockey-in-canada/1. Retrieved 2012-01-06.
- ^ Moe, John (2011-12-29). "Wikipedia introduces new software for its editors". American Public Media. http://www.marketplace.org/topics/tech/wikipedia-introduces-new-software-its-editors. Retrieved 2012-01-06.
- ^ Vena, Jocelyn (2012-01-05). "Justin Bieber Opens Up About Kissing Selena Gomez". MTV. http://www.mtv.com/news/articles/1676770/justin-bieber-selena-gomez-ellen-degeneres.jhtml. Retrieved 2012-01-06.
- ^ Spocket Girl Creative. "Official Site for Brain Zapped | Written and Directed by Eliud George Garcia". Brainzapped.com. http://www.brainzapped.com/. Retrieved 2011-07-04.
- ^ a b c List of Selena Gomez's soundtrack:
- Another Cinderella Story: "Another Cinderella Story – Original Soundtrack". Allmusic. 2010-05-13. http://www.allmusic.com/album/another-cinderella-story-r1409947/charts-awards. Retrieved 2010-05-13.
- ^ "SOUNDTRACK – WIZARDS OF WAVERLY PLACE (ALBUM)". norwegiancharts.com. 2010-05-13. http://norwegiancharts.com/showitem.asp?interpret=Soundtrack&titel=Wizards+Of+Waverly+Place&cat=a. Retrieved 2010-05-13.
- ^ a b c d "Selena Gomez – Chart History". acharts.us. http://acharts.us/performer/selena_gomez. Retrieved 2011-02-10.
- ^ "SELENA GOMEZ – MAGIC (SONG) on Norway Charts". norwegiancharts.com. http://norwegiancharts.com/showitem.asp?interpret=Selena+Gomez&titel=Magic&cat=s. Retrieved 2011-02-10.
- ^ http://www.people.com/people/article/0,,20277194,00.html
- ^ a b http://www.teen.com/2011/09/28/music/billboard-21-minors-under-21-list-justin-bieber-demi-lovato-photos/#8
- ^ http://www.people.com/people/package/video/0,,20360857_20364300,00.html
- ^ http://www.latina.com/entertainment/25-most-beautiful-latino-stars-under-25?slide=3
- ^ http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2011/09/07/latina-magazine-celebrate-15-years_n_953210.html#s353113&title=Selena_Gomez_Gives
- ^ http://www.papermag.com/arts_and_style/2010/12/beautiful-people-2011-selena-gomez.php
- ^ http://www.askmen.com/specials/2012_top_99/14-selena-gomez.html
- ^ http://uk.askmen.com/specials/2012_top_99/33-selena-%7Cgomez.html
- ^ http://www.people.com/people/package/gallery/0,,20360857_20586608,00.html#21145457
- ^ http://www.hollywoodlife.com/2012/05/02/fhm-100-sexiest-women-2012-rihanna-selena-gomez-kim-kardashian-kristen-stewart/
- ^ http://www.glamourmagazine.co.uk/fashion/celebrity-fashion/2011/11/glamours-50-best-dressed-list-2012-kristen-stewart-robert-pattinson-victoria-beckham#!image-number=26
- ^ http://www.maxim.com/hot-100/2012
External links[link]
|
Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Selena Gomez |
- Official website
- Selena Gomez at the Internet Movie Database
- Selena Gomez on Facebook
- Selena Gomez at Disney.com
|
||||||||||||||||||||
| Persondata | |
|---|---|
| Name | Gomez, Selena |
| Alternative names | Gomez, Selena Marie |
| Short description | Actress, singer |
| Date of birth | July 22, 1992 |
| Place of birth | Grand Prairie, Texas, United States |
| Date of death | |
| Place of death | |
http://wn.com/Selena_Gomez
This page contains text from Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Selena_Gomez
This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, which means that you can copy and modify it as long as the entire work (including additions) remains under this license.
This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, which means that you can copy and modify it as long as the entire work (including additions) remains under this license.
| Amber Heard | |
|---|---|
 Heard at the 2010 Toronto International Film Festival |
|
| Born | Amber Laura Heard (1986-04-22) April 22, 1986 (age 26) Austin, Texas |
| Occupation | Actress, model |
| Years active | 2004–present |
| Website | |
| www.amberheardofficial.com | |
Amber Laura Heard (born April 22, 1986) is an American actress and model. She played the lead and title character in All the Boys Love Mandy Lane, which debuted at the Toronto International Film Festival in 2006. Heard's first starring role came in 2007 on the CW television show Hidden Palms. Her breakthrough came in 2008 with roles in Never Back Down and Pineapple Express. In 2009, Heard starred in The Stepfather and also had a small role in the horror-comedy Zombieland. She next starred in The Joneses and And Soon the Darkness (both 2010), John Carpenter's The Ward, alongside Nicolas Cage in Drive Angry, and alongside Johnny Depp in The Rum Diary.
Contents |
Early life[link]
Heard was born and raised in Austin, Texas. Her father, David, is a contractor, and her mother, Paige (née Parsons), is an internet researcher for the state. She attended St. Michael's Catholic Academy in Austin until her junior year, when she left to pursue a career in Hollywood. As a teenager, Heard was active in her school's drama department and appeared in local commercials and campaigns. At the age of 16, her best friend died in a car crash and Heard, who was raised Catholic, subsequently declared herself an atheist.[1] Dropping out of school at the age of 17, she went to New York to start a career in modeling, then relocated to Los Angeles to get into acting.
Career[link]
Once in Los Angeles, Heard made appearances in various TV shows and two music videos, Kenny Chesney's "There Goes My Life" and Eisley's "I Wasn't Prepared". She was cast as Liz in the pilot episode of The WB's Jack & Bobby (2004), as Riley in an episode of The Mountain (2004) and she had a brief cameo as a salesgirl in The O.C. (2005). Her first movie role was Maria in Friday Night Lights (2004). She next starred as Shay in Side FX (2005), an independent horror film, and had supporting roles in Drop Dead Sexy (2005), Price to Pay (2006) and You Are Here (2006). Heard had more prominent parts in Niki Caro's North Country (2005) and in Nick Cassavetes' Alpha Dog (2006). In 2006 she starred in an episode of Criminal Minds as Lila Archer, a love interest of Spencer Reid.
Heard was next cast in the CW Network's Hidden Palms. On the show she portrayed Greta Matthews, who suffered the losses of both her mother and boyfriend, Eddie, and befriends Johnny, the anti-hero of the show. In order to get the part, Heard was asked to lose weight. It took her four months between the pilot and the second episode to lose 25 pounds, giving up alcohol, increasing her workouts and following a macrobiotic diet (no meat, dairy or processed sugar).[1] Hidden Palms premiered in the US on May 30, 2007. Ultimately, The CW wrapped the summer series early; instead of the initial 12 episode arc, only eight were aired. The show ended on July 4, two weeks earlier than originally planned.
She was next cast in the title role in All the Boys Love Mandy Lane. The horror film premiered at the Toronto Film Festival in September 2006, immediately generating buzz and landing a deal with Harvey Weinstein. However, nearly a year after its Toronto debut, the movie had not reached theaters. In July 2007, Mandy Lane found a new distribution home and the film finally was released in 2008 with a February UK release and DVD release in June.
In 2007, Heard also appeared in the short movie Day 73 with Sarah and Jess Manafort's indie drama Remember the Daze (aka The Beautiful Ordinary), which premiered at the Los Angeles Film Festival in June and opened in limited release in April 2008. She then appeared in the Judd Apatow-produced, Rogen and Goldberg-written comedy Pineapple Express and the martial arts drama Never Back Down, released in 2008, back-to-back. The latter opened in March and Heard played the role of the free-spirited Baja Miller who falls for Sean Faris' Jake Tyler.
Heard also made a brief appearance in Showtime's Californication and joined the ensemble cast of The Informers, based on Bret Easton Ellis' novel of the same title, set to be released in 2009. She also filmed the horror film The Stepfather and the comedy film Ex-Terminators back-to-back in 2008 while promoting Never Back Down, Mandy Lane and Remember the Daze.[2]
In late 2008, she filmed The River Why and The Joneses; two independent features. At the beginning of 2009, The Informers made its premiere at the Sundance Film Festival. The reviews were mostly negative. Heard next appeared in Zombieland, playing a small role as the object of Jesse Eisenberg’s affection who turns into a zombie. She will subsequently appear in John Carpenter's The Ward. In March, Heard began filming The Rum Diary, opposite Johnny Depp, in Puerto Rico. Heard was reported to have won the role out over Scarlett Johansson and Keira Knightley. In 2010, she starred in and produced And Soon the Darkness, co-starring Odette Yustman and Karl Urban.[3]
In the October 2009 issue of Teen Vogue, Amber describes her role as Johnny Depp's love interest in the film, The Rum Diary, as "the best experience of my life."[4] In February 2010, Heard was cast in Drive Angry, a 3-D action thriller directed by Patrick Lussier and released in February 2011.[5] In February 2011, she appeared on Top Gear in the UK. She talked about her love of guns and muscle cars, and revealed that she used to line-dance in Texas bars.
Personal life[link]
Heard came out in 2010, at GLAAD's 25th anniversary event.[6] She is dating artist Tasya van Ree.[7][8][9][10] She has said about her sexuality: "I don't label myself one way or another – I have had successful relationships with men and now a woman. I love who I love; it's the person that matters."[11]
Heard grew up around guns, and owns a .357 Magnum.[12] A fan of muscle cars, she drives a 1968 Ford Mustang.[13] Heard has previously driven a 1967 Mercedes and a 1962 Checker Cab, as she revealed to Jeremy Clarkson during her Top Gear interview.
Filmography[link]
| Year | Film | Role | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2004 | Friday Night Lights | Maria | |
| 2005 | Side FX | Shay | |
| Drop Dead Sexy | Candy | ||
| North Country | Young Josey Aimes | ||
| 2006 | Price To Pay | Trish | |
| The Prince | Serena | ||
| Alpha Dog | Alma | ||
| All the Boys Love Mandy Lane | Mandy Lane | ||
| 2007 | Spin | Amber | |
| Day 73 With Sarah | Mary | ||
| Remember the Daze | Julia | ||
| 2008 | Never Back Down | Baja Miller | |
| Pineapple Express | Angie Anderson | ||
| The Informers | Christie | ||
| 2009 | ExTerminators | Nikki | |
| The Joneses | Jenn Jones | ||
| Zombieland | 406 | ||
| The Stepfather | Kelly Porter | ||
| 2010 | And Soon the Darkness | Stephanie | also co-producer |
| The River Why | Eddy | ||
| The Ward | Kristen | ||
| 2011 | Drive Angry | Piper | |
| The Rum Diary | Chenault | ||
| 2012 | Syrup | 6 | Post-Production |
| 2013 | Motor City[14] | Sophia | pre-production |
| 2013 | A Nightmare on Elm Street 2:Freddy's Come back | Jane |
Television[link]
| Year | Show | Role | Episodes |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2004 | Jack & Bobby | Liz | 1x01 – "Pilot" |
| The Mountain | Riley | 1x08 – "A Piece of the Rock" | |
| 2005 | The O.C. | Salesgirl | 2x15 – "Mallpisode" |
| 2006 | Criminal Minds | Lila Archer | 1x18 – "Somebody's Watching" |
| 2007 | Californication | Amber | 1x08 – "California Son" |
| Hidden Palms | Greta Matthews | 8 Episodes | |
| 2011 | Top Gear | Herself | 16x05 |
| The Playboy Club | Bunny Maureen | 7 (4 unaired) Episodes[15][16] |
Awards and nominations[link]
| Year | Nominated Work | Event | Award | Result |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2008 | Herself | Young Hollywood Awards | Breakthrough Performance Award | Won |
| 2009 | Zombieland | Detroit Film Critics Society Awards | Best Ensemble | Nominated |
| 2010 | Herself | MTV Movie Awards | Best Scared-As-S**t Performance | Nominated |
| 2010 | Herself | Dallas International Film Festival | Dallas Star Award | Won |
Magazine rankings[link]
| Year | Countdown Name | Rank |
|---|---|---|
| 2008 | FHM's 100 Sexiest Women of 2008 | #90 |
| Maxim's Hot 100 Women 2008 | #21 | |
| 2009 | FHM's 100 Sexiest Women of 2009 | #31 |
| Maxim's Hot 100 Women 2009 | #56 | |
| 2010 | FHM's 100 Sexiest Women of 2010 | #25 |
| Maxim's Hot 100 Women 2010 | #13 | |
| 2011 | FHM's 100 Sexiest Women of 2011 | #34 |
| 2012 | Maxim's Hot 100 Women 2012 | #53 |
References[link]
- ^ a b William Keck (2007-05-30). "Amber Heard will be heard". USA Today. http://www.usatoday.com/life/television/news/2007-05-29-amber-heard_N.htm.
- ^ "A Hilarious Brief Chat with Amber Heard, Star of 'Stepfather' & 'Zombieland'". Bloody-disgusting.com. http://www.bloody-disgusting.com/news/17738. Retrieved 2012-02-06.
- ^ Amber Heard: In STEP With the Horror Genre
- ^ Nussbaum, Danielle. "Young Hollywood 2009". teenvogue.com. http://www.teenvogue.com/industry/2009/08/younghollywood09#slide=5n. Retrieved 2009-10-11.
- ^ "William Fichtner and Amber Heard Ready to Drive Angry?". Dreadcentral.com. 2010-02-05. http://www.dreadcentral.com/news/35744/william-fichtner-and-amber-heard-ready-drive-angry. Retrieved 2012-02-06.
- ^ Zakarin, Jordan (2010-12-06). "Amber Heard Gay: Actress Comes Out As Lesbian". Huffington Post. http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2010/12/06/amber-heard-lesbian_n_792419.html.
- ^ "EXCLUSIVE: Amber Heard talks about being out in Hollywood". http://www.afterellen.com/people/2010/12/amber-heard-talks-about-being-an-out-lesbian-in-hollywood.
- ^ Lee, Joyce (2010-12-06). "Amber Heard, "Pineapple Express" Actress, Comes Out as Lesbian". CBS News. http://www.cbsnews.com/8301-31749_162-20024703-10391698.html.
- ^ Belloni, Matthew. "Sexy Actress Amber Heard Wants to Be Seen As a Serious Actress.: Women". Details. http://www.details.com/celebrities-entertainment/women/200909/sexy-actress-amber-heard-wants-to-be-seen-as-a-serious-actress. Retrieved 2012-02-06.
- ^ "Autostraddle — Amber Heard is Gay: Everything You Need to Know About the Openly Lesbian Actress". Autostraddle.com. http://www.autostraddle.com/who-is-lesbian-amber-heard-68775/. Retrieved 2012-02-06.
- ^ "Amber Heard: I've dated men and now I'm in a relationship with a woman". Metro.co.uk. 2011-02-23. http://www.metro.co.uk/showbiz/856381-amber-heard-ive-dated-men-and-now-im-in-a-relationship-with-a-woman. Retrieved 2011-02-24.
- ^ Elaine Lipworth (2010-04-17). "Amber Heard: 'My baby is a .357 magnum'". London: www.dailymail.co.uk. http://www.dailymail.co.uk/home/moslive/article-1263981/Amber-Heard-My-baby-357-magnum.html. Retrieved 2011-02-27.
- ^ Stuart O'Connor (2011-02-25). "Drive Angry stars get revved up about the joys and perils of old technology". London: guardian.co.uk. http://www.guardian.co.uk/technology/2011/feb/25/amber-heard-william-fichtner-drive-angry-iphone?INTCMP=SRCH. Retrieved 2011-02-27.
- ^ Amber Heard Revs Her Engines in Motor City
- ^ Hodge, Chad T. (2011-10-10). "7 episodes including the pilot". Twitter. http://twitter.com/#!/chadthodge/status/123449757858402305. Source confirmed to be Chad Hodge by NBC's official Twitter.
- ^ Benanti, Laura (2011-10-10). "Only 7. There are 2 endings. One of which is more final.". Twitter. http://twitter.com/#!/laurabenanti/status/123359279620169728. Source confirmed to be Laura Benanti by her official website <http://www.laurabenanti.com>.
External links[link]
|
Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Amber Heard |
| Persondata | |
|---|---|
| Name | Heard, Amber |
| Alternative names | |
| Short description | |
| Date of birth | April 22, 1986 |
| Place of birth | Austin, Texas, US |
| Date of death | |
| Place of death | |
http://wn.com/Amber_Heard
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This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, which means that you can copy and modify it as long as the entire work (including additions) remains under this license.
