USS Nimitz (CVN-68) at sea near San Diego, CA Career (United States) Name: USS Nimitz Namesake: Fleet Admiral Chester W. Nimitz Ordered: 31 March 1967 Builder: Newport News Shipbuilding Laid down: 22 June 1968 Launched: 13 May 1972 Commissioned: 3 May 1975 Reclassified: CVN-68 Homeport: Naval Station Everett Motto: Teamwork, a Tradition Nickname: "Old Salt" Status: In active service as of 2012 Badge: General characteristics Class and type: Nimitz-class aircraft carrier Displacement: 100,000 long tons (110,000 short tons)[1] Length: Overall: 1,092 feet (332.8 m) Waterline: 1,040 feet (317.0 m) Beam: Overall: 252 ft (76.8 m) Waterline: 134 ft (40.8 m) Draft: Maximum navigational: 37 ft (11.3 m) Limit: 41 ft (12.5 m) Propulsion: 2 × Westinghouse A4W nuclear reactors 4 × steam turbines 4 × shafts 260,000 shp (194 MW) Speed: 31.5 knots (58.3 km/h)[2] Range: Unlimited distance; 20-25 years Complement: Ship's company: 3,200 Air wing: 2,480 Sensors and processing systems: AN/SPS-48E 3-D air search radar AN/SPS-49(V)5 2-D air search radar AN/SPQ-9B target acquisition radar AN/SPN-46 air traffic control radars AN/SPN-43C air traffic control radar AN/SPN-41 landing aid radars 4 × Mk 91 NSSM guidance systems 4 × Mk 95 radars Electronic warfare and decoys: SLQ-32A(V)4 Countermeasures suite SLQ-25A Nixie torpedo countermeasures Armament: 2 × 21 cell Sea RAM 2 × Mk 29 Sea Sparrow Armor: Classified Aircraft carried: 90 fixed wing and helicopters

USS Nimitz (CVN-68) is a supercarrier in the United States Navy, the lead ship of her class. She is one of the largest warships in the world. She was laid down, launched and commissioned as CVAN-68 but was redesignated CVN 68 (nuclear-powered multimission aircraft carrier) on 30 June 1975 as part of the fleet realignment of that year.

The ship was named for World War II Pacific fleet commander Chester W. Nimitz, who was the Navy’s last fleet admiral. Unlike all subsequent Nimitz class aircraft carriers, Nimitz only uses her namesake's surname. She is also the first carrier of her class and the most recent supercarrier not to be named for someone who held elective office in the United States.

Nimitz was homeported at Naval Station Norfolk until 1987, when she was relocated to Puget Sound Naval Shipyard in Bremerton, Washington. Following her Refueling and Complex Overhaul in 2001, her homeport was changed to NAS North Island in San Diego, California. Nimitz home port was again changed to Everett, Washington in 2012. This move is expected to save the Navy $100 million.^[3]

Construction[link]

The keel of Nimitz was laid down 22 June 1968 by Newport News Shipbuilding in Newport News, Virginia. She was christened in 1972 by Catherine Nimitz Lay, daughter of the late Admiral Nimitz. Nimitz was delivered to the Navy in 1975, and she was commissioned at Naval Station Norfolk on 3 May 1975 by President Gerald Ford.

[edit] Nimitz Carrier Strike Group

Nimitz is part of Carrier Strike Group Eleven (CSG-11) with Carrier Air Wing Eleven (CVW-11) embarked, with Nimitz as the flagship of the battle group and the home of the commander of Destroyer Squadron 23.

Ships of DESRON-23[link]

• USS Curts (FFG 38)
• USS Vandegrift (FFG 48)
• USS John Paul Jones (DDG 53)
• USS Pinckney (DDG 91)
• USS Sampson (DDG 102)
• USS William P. Lawrence (DDG-110)
• USS Spruance (DDG-111)^[4]

Squadrons of CVW-11[link]

• Strike Fighter Squadron 14 (VFA-14) "Tophatters"^[5] with F/A-18E Super Hornets
• Strike Fighter Squadron 41 (VFA-41) "Black Aces" with F/A-18F Super Hornets
• Strike Fighter Squadron 86 (VFA-86) "Sidewinders" with F/A-18C Hornets
• Strike Fighter Squadron 97 (VFA-97) "Warhawks" with F/A-18C Hornets
• Electronic Attack Squadron 142 (VAQ-142) "Gray Wolves" with EA-6B Prowlers
• Carrier Airborne Early Warning Squadron 117 (VAW-117) "Wallbangers" with E-2C Hawkeyes
• Helicopter Sea Combat Squadron 6 (HSC-6) "Screamin' Indians" with MH-60S
• Helicopter Maritime Strike Squadron 75 (HSM-75) "Lonewolves" with MH-60R^[6]
• Fleet Logistics Support Squadron 30 Detachment 4 (VRC-30) "Providers" with C-2A Greyhounds

Service history[link]

1970s[link]

Nimitz alongside HMS Ark Royal at Norfolk Naval Station in August 1978

USS Nimitz first deployed to the Mediterranean on 7 July 1976 with Carrier Air Wing 8 embarked in company with the nuclear powered cruisers USS South Carolina and USS California. In November 1976, Nimitz was awarded the Battle "E" from Commander, Naval Air Force U.S. Atlantic Fleet, for being the most efficient and foremost aircraft carrier in the Atlantic Fleet. The cruise was uneventful, and the carrier returned to Norfolk, Virginia on 7 February 1977.

A second uneventful Mediterranean cruise was conducted from 1 December 1977 to 20 July 1978. The third deployment began on 10 September 1979 to the Mediterranean. The ship moved to the Indian Ocean in response to the Iran hostage crisis in which the U.S. Embassy in Tehran, Iran, was overtaken and 52 hostages were held. (Prior to this trip, the ship took part in the shooting of the movie The Final Countdown and played a central role in the film.) After four months on station, Operation Evening Light was launched from Nimitz's decks in an attempt to rescue the U.S. Embassy staff. The mission was aborted after a helicopter crashed at a refueling point in the Iranian desert. The ship returned home 26 May 1980, having spent 144 days at sea.

1980s[link]

F/A-18 Hornet landing on USS Nimitz.

On 26 May 1981, an EA-6B Prowler crashed on the flight deck, killing 14 crewmen and injuring 45 others.^[7] The Prowler was fuel-critical after a "bolter" (missed approach), and its crash and the subsequent fire and explosions destroyed or damaged eleven other aircraft.^[8] Despite being uninvolved with the operation of the aircraft or cause of the accident, the focus turned to testing conducted during autopsies which found that several members of the flight deck crew tested positive for marijuana. Although unclear how it would have affected this incident, President Ronald Reagan instituted a "Zero Tolerance" drug policy across all of the armed services, which started the mandatory drug testing of all U.S. service personnel.^[9]

Nimitz deployed again to the Mediterranean on 3 August 1981. The ship, in company with USS Forrestal, conducted a Freedom of Navigation exercise in international waters in the Gulf of Sidra near Libya on 18 and 19 August 1981. On the morning of 19 August 1981, two F-14As of VF-41 were engaged by two Libyan Su-22s, resulting in the two Libyan aircraft being shot down in what became known as the Gulf of Sidra incident.

Nimitz's fourth deployment, from 10 November 1982 to 20 May 1983, was to the Caribbean and Mediterranean Seas. Nimitz deployed a fifth time on 8 March 1985. On 14 June 1985, two Lebanese gunmen hijacked TWA Flight 847, which carried 153 passengers and crew and included Americans. In response, Nimitz was deployed to the coast of Lebanon, where she remained until August 1985. The embarked Airwing 8 flew continuous sorties for 67 days, bombing several sites in Beirut including the runways of Beirut Rafic Hariri International Airport. The ship returned to Norfolk on 4 October 1985.

Nimitz, again with CVW-8 embarked, departed Norfolk for her sixth and final Mediterranean deployment on 30 December 1986. After four months and numerous Mediterranean port visits, the carrier crossed the equator en route to Rio de Janeiro. From Rio she proceeded south around Cape Horn and into the Pacific. After a brief stop in San Diego, California, to offload her East Coast air wing, she arrived at her new home port of Bremerton, Washington, on 2 July 1987.

Nimitz deployed to the Western Pacific with Carrier Air Wing 9 embarked on 2 September 1988. During the 1988 Olympic Games in Seoul, Nimitz provided security off the coast of South Korea. In October she operated in the North Arabian Sea participating in Operation Earnest Will, the protection of re-flagged Kuwaiti tankers. On 30 November 1988, while in the Arabian Sea, a 20 mm cannon accidentally fired during maintenance, striking an KA-6 Intruder. The ensuing fire spread to six other aircraft, and there were two fatalities. The ship returned to Bremerton on 2 March 1989.

1990s[link]

On 25 February 1991, Nimitz departed Bremerton for the Persian Gulf in relief of USS Ranger in the aftermath of Operation Desert Storm, returning to Bremerton on 24 August 1991. Nimitz again deployed to the Persian Gulf on 1 February 1993, in support of Operation Southern Watch (OSW), returning on 19 August 1993.

On 27 November 1995, Nimitz deployed to the Western Pacific, Indian Ocean and Persian Gulf with Carrier Air Wing Nine (CVW-9). In March 1996, she patrolled the waters off Taiwan amid missile tests conducted by the Chinese in the area, becoming the first American warship to pass through the Taiwan Strait since 1976. She also cruised the Persian Gulf in support of OSW prior to returning from deployment on 20 May 1996.

On 1 September 1997, Nimitz began an around the world cruise, again supporting OSW, that ended in Newport News on 2 March 1998. She spent the next three years undergoing Refueling and Complex Overhaul that ended 25 June 2001.

2000s[link]

Monitor showing data about USS Nimitz.

Lt. Cmdr. David Bynum, a Navy chaplain aboard USS Nimitz (CVN 68), passes out happy face sponge balls to the students of CSI High School for the Deaf in Chennai India during a community relations visit in July 2007

On 11 September 2001, after sea trials in the Virginia Capes, Nimitz began her transit around South America to her new home port of NAS North Island in San Diego, California, arriving there on 13 November 2001. Aircraft from Carrier Air Reserve Wing 20 were embarked for the transit. From January to May 2002, she underwent a four month post-shakedown maintenance availability at North Island.

Nimitz's eleventh operational deployment began on 3 March 2003.^[10] She relieved USS Abraham Lincoln in the Persian Gulf in mid-April 2003, launching Carrier Air Wing 11 aircraft sorties over Iraq in support of Operation Iraqi Freedom (OIF) and Afghanistan in support of Operation Enduring Freedom (OEF). She returned to San Diego on 5 November 2003. Nimitz and CVW-11 were awarded the 2003 Battle "E"^[11] and Flatley Award^[12] in early 2004.

Nimitz, again with CVW-11 embarked, deployed to the Persian Gulf on 7 May 2005, returning on 8 November 2005.^[13] This deployment marked three decades of service, and was depicted in the Emmy award winning 2008 PBS documentary series Carrier.^[14] In June 2006, Nimitz was awarded the 2005 Battle "E".^[15]

The carrier departed North Island for her thirteenth deployment on 2 April 2007 to the Arabian Sea, relieving USS Dwight D. Eisenhower in support of OIF.^[16] She anchored off Chennai, India on 2 July 2007 as part of efforts to expand bilateral defense cooperation between India and the United States.^[17] Sailors participated in community work in Chennai prior to departing, on 5 July 2007, along with the destroyer USS Pinckney towards the Persian Gulf. She returned to North Island on 30 September 2007.^[18]

On 24 January 2008, Nimitz deployed to the Pacific for a "surge"-deployment.^[19] On 9 February 2008, two Russian Tu-95 'Bear' bombers overflew the carrier in the Western Pacific.^[20] Four F/A-18C Hornets were launched when the bombers were 500 miles (800 km) away from the U.S. ships, and intercepted the bombers 50 miles (80 km) south of Nimitz. Two F/A-18s trailed one of the bombers, which buzzed the deck of the carrier twice, while the other two F/A-18s trailed another Tu-95 circling about 50 miles (80 km) away from the carrier. Reportedly, there was no radio communication between the American and Russian aircraft. According to the Department of Defense, one of the two aircraft was said to have flown above Nimitz at an altitude of 2,000 feet (610 m). On the same day, Russian aircraft entered Japanese airspace, which caused the Japanese to raise protest to the Russian ambassador in Tokyo.^[21]

Again, on 5 March 2008, a Russian bomber came within 3 to 5 nautical miles (6 to 9 km) and flew 2,000 feet (610 m) above Nimitz and its battle group. Two F/A-18 fighters intercepted the Russian aircraft and escorted it out of the area.^[20]

Nimitz was awarded the Navy Battle "E" for battle efficiency for 2007 along with the Ney award for food service excellence. She returned to her homeport of San Diego, California on 3 June 2008.

Nimitz Strike Group, including CVW-11, departed the States for a scheduled Western Pacific deployment on 31 July 2009,^[22] and began to fly combat missions in support of Operation Enduring Freedom 21 September.^[23]

In January 2010, while in the Persian Gulf, the ship was awarded the Meritorious Unit Commendation for its back-to-back deployments in support of the wars in Iraq and Afghanistan in 2007 and 2008. The award was presented by Admiral Gary Roughead in a ceremony on the ship on 6 January 2010.^[24]

Nimitz visited Hong Kong for five days in February to allow its crew to rest and visit the city. The visit occurred despite that China previously disallowed carrier USS Kitty Hawk's visit.^[25][26]

In March 2012, the Nimitz arrived at it's new home port of Naval Station Everett in Everett, Washington after more than a year of maintenance in Bremerton, WA. It replaced the Nimitz-class carrier, USS Abraham Lincoln.^[27]

The Nimitz class carriers have a lifespan of around 50 years.

In popular culture[link]

The 1980 science fiction film The Final Countdown is set aboard the USS Nimitz.

In Tom Clancy's Red Storm Rising, the Nimitz is severely damaged early in the NATO-Warsaw Pact conflict when it is attacked by Backfire bombers in the North Atlantic. It returns later in the book and is crucial in the successful retaking of Iceland.

In the 2011 video game Call of Duty: Modern Warfare 3, the Nimitz is seen partially sunk in the New York Harbor as the two of the main characters are escaping pursuing Russians.

The 10 part documentary Carrier follows the crew of the USS Nimitz.

In the science fiction series Stargate SG-1 the Nimitz and its battlegroup are destroyed by attacking aliens.

See also[link]

• Carrier Strike Group Eleven
• List of aircraft carriers
• List of aircraft carriers of the United States Navy

References[link]

Sources[link]

• This article incorporates text from the public domain Dictionary of American Naval Fighting Ships. The entry can be found here.

Suggested reading[link]

• Schank, John F.; Mark V. Arena, Denis Rushworth, John Birkler, James Chiesa (2002). "Refueling and Complex Overhaul of the USS Nimitz (CVN 68): Lessons for the Future". Santa Monica, California: Rand Corporation. ISBN 0-8330-3288-7. http://www.rand.org/pubs/monograph_reports/MR1632/index.html. Retrieved 2010-12-04. 

External links[link]

	Book: Nimitz class aircraft carriers
Wikipedia books are collections of articles that can be downloaded or ordered in print.

Wikimedia Commons has media related to: USS Nimitz (CVN-68)

Official

• USS Nimitz - Official website
• HSC-6 - Official website
• Story archive - U.S. Navy - USS Nimitz (CVN-68)

Additional

• USS Nimitz Association

• USS Nimitz Dry Dock - Episode 1 (or: "USS Nimitz... a documentary - Episode 1".)
• "USS Nimitz Dry Dock - Episode 2"
• "USS Nimitz Dry Dock - Episode 3"
• "USS Nimitz Dry Dock - Episode 4 Many Hands"
• "USS Nimitz Dry Dock - Episode 5"
• "USS Nimitz Dry Dock - Episode 6 The Climb"
• "USS Nimitz Dry Dock - Episode 7 Heavy Work"
• "USS Nimitz Dry Dock - Episode 8 Readiness"

Images

• USS Nimitz information and images
• Maritimequest USS Nimitz CVN 68 Photo Gallery