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Minecraft 1.2 Trailer
Minecraft (Xbox 360) - 1.2.3 UPDATE Info + Features! (Enchanting, Breeding, Jungles, Ocelots)
LEE HI (이하이) - 1.2.3.4 M/V
Minecraft 1.2 Features Overviews - Rube Goldberg Machine Style!!!
Terraria 1.2 - New PC Update - Terraria 1.2 - 219 new things - Terraria HERO
Canon 50mm shootout - 1.8 vs 1.4 vs 1.2L
Volkswagen 1.2TSI Presentation
Tutorial: CSR Racing Hack for 1.2.3 Unlimited Money, Gold, & Petrol READ DESCRIPTION
Terraria Talk - 1.2 Confirmed Items + Drawings! MOSS!
Learn Spanish 1.2 - Personal Descriptions
Auxo version 1.2
Minecraft (Xbox 360) - Spawn Eggs, Jungles & Ocelots! [TU9 / 1.2.3 Update]

12

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Shots 1.2 (2011)

Plot


Keywords:



Genres


Taglines:

Quotes:



"Wake...
Revenge is mine
12 people will die tonight"
Now I look and then reborn
Though I have just until dawn
I remember every face
Spirits show me every place
First one sleeps inside his bed
Place my fingers on his head
To each temple push and smother
Till my fingers touch each other
Next one makes love to his wife
Only wish to take his life
For his family's done no wrong
Place his children on the lawn
Tell the misses, leave the room
Less she wish to witness doom
Grab the squirming filthy goat
And shove the dresser down his throat
I must quickly use my gift
Next two work the midnight shift
Drinking coffee in the back
I will listen to them chat
Hear them speaking of my death
Hear the laughter in their breath
But the laughter quickly died
When their heads collide
Die!
You're gonna die...
Now my anger's growing worse
Next one's working as a nurse
Have to make a doctor's call
Drag my body down the hall
Grab a scalple and a blade
Time to play the nurse's aide
Operate and strap her down
Carve her face into a clown
Killed another then three more
Now we're down to only four
This man drives a taxi cab
Another wicked life to grab
Screaming that he'd thought I'd died
Let's go for a taxi ride
In the wreck of twisted steel
The stearing wheel becomes his meal
This man watches his TV
Scanning channels endlessly
Stops at station forty-four
It's the Wicked Clown Show
Watch me juggle, watch me dance
In 3-D watch me enhance
Watch me crawl out from the screen
And squeeze your neck until you're green
Die!
You're gonna die...
Time...
Even though, there's just one left
I feel my bones becoming stiff
And now I wonder endlessly
The spirits have abandoned me
My limbs are falling piece by piece
My ears and fingers in the street
But still yet see no morning sun
And here's my victim's early run
Quickly grab him from behind
Round his neck with fishing twine
Keep him still and pull the string
Watch his head go bobbaling
Listen to my riddle song
Even though my crime was wrong
Murder me just for your law
And I'll be back for all y'all
Die!
You're gonna die...

"Wake...
Revenge is mine
12 people will die tonight"
[Violent J]
Now I look and then reborn
Though I have just until dawn
I remember every face
Spirits show me every place
First one sleeps inside his bed
Place my fingers on his head
To each temple push and smother
Till my fingers touch each other
[Shaggy 2 Dope]
Next one makes love to his wife
Only wish to take his life
For his family's done no wrong
Place his children on the lawn
Tell the misses, leave the room
Less she wish to witness doom
Grab the squirming filthy goat
And shove the dresser down his throat
[Violent J]
I must quickly use my gift
Next two work the midnight shift
Drinking coffee in the back
I will listen to them chat
Hear them speaking of my death
Hear the laughter in their breath
But the laughter quickly died
When their heads collide
Die!
You're gonna die...
[Violent J]
Now my anger's growing worse
Next one's working as a nurse
Have to make a doctor's call
Drag my body down the hall
Grab a scalple and a blade
Time to play the nurse's aide
Operate and strap her down
Carve her face into a clown
[Shaggy 2 Dope]
Killed another then three more
Now we're down to only four
This man drives a taxi cab
Another wicked life to grab
Screaming that he'd thought I'd died
Let's go for a taxi ride
In the wreck of twisted steel
The stearing wheel becomes his meal
[Violent J]
This man watches his TV
Scanning channels endlessly
Stops at station forty-four
It's the Wicked Clown Show
Watch me juggle, watch me dance
In 3-D watch me enhance
Watch me crawl out from the screen
And squeeze your neck until you're green
Die!
You're gonna die...
Time...
[Violent J]
Even though, there's just one left
I feel my bones becoming stiff
And now I wonder endlessly
The spirits have abandoned me
My limbs are falling piece by piece
My ears and fingers in the street
But still yet see no morning sun
And here's my victim's early run
[Shaggy 2 Dope]
Quickly grab him from behind
Round his neck with fishing twine
Keep him still and pull the string
Watch his head go bobbaling
Listen to my riddle song
Even though my crime was wrong
Murder me just for your law
And I'll be back for all y'all
Die!
You're gonna die...
I'll be back for all y'all...

"Wake...
Revenge is mine
12 people will die tonight"
Now I look and then reborn
Though I have just until dawn
I remember every face
Spirits show me every place
First one sleeps inside his bed
Place my fingers on his head
To each temple push and smother
Till my fingers touch each other
Next one makes love to his wife
Only wish to take his life
For his family's done no wrong
Place his children on the lawn
Tell the misses, leave the room
Less she wish to witness doom
Grab the squirming filthy goat
And shove the dresser down his throat
I must quickly use my gift
Next two work the midnight shift
Drinking coffee in the back
I will listen to them chat
Hear them speaking of my death
Hear the laughter in their breath
But the laughter quickly died
When their heads collide
Die!
You're gonna die...
Now my anger's growing worse
Next one's working as a nurse
Have to make a doctor's call
Drag my body down the hall
Grab a scalple and a blade
Time to play the nurse's aide
Operate and strap her down
Carve her face into a clown
Killed another then three more
Now we're down to only four
This man drives a taxi cab
Another wicked life to grab
Screaming that he'd thought I'd died
Let's go for a taxi ride
In the wreck of twisted steel
The stearing wheel becomes his meal
This man watches his TV
Scanning channels endlessly
Stops at station forty-four
It's the Wicked Clown Show
Watch me juggle, watch me dance
In 3-D watch me enhance
Watch me crawl out from the screen
And squeeze your neck until you're green
Die!
You're gonna die...
Time...
Even though, there's just one left
I feel my bones becoming stiff
And now I wonder endlessly
The spirits have abandoned me
My limbs are falling piece by piece
My ears and fingers in the street
But still yet see no morning sun
And here's my victim's early run
Quickly grab him from behind
Round his neck with fishing twine
Keep him still and pull the string
Watch his head go bobbaling
Listen to my riddle song
Even though my crime was wrong
Murder me just for your law
And I'll be back for all y'all
Die!
You're gonna die...

This morning my mind looked around and couldn't find a lie for why and where she stay
If this is love then Lord I pray let me fall out of love today
Her ramblin' blue eyes couldn't hide or deny
That she had thrown her self respect away
If this is all there is to love let me fall out of love today
I'm not saying I don't want to remember
All the good times and the places we've been
But if this is all there is to love then please don't let me see her again
Today I must seek I'm ashamed that I'm so weak
But Lord I'm not strong enough to stay
If this is all there is to love let me fall out of love today

Black theatre of love
Violet dancers cast their blood
The moon gave me flowers
For funerals to come
12 shapes bow before her
I am still one of them
12 morbid ways to die
Her beauty scares me
I'm falling deeper
No more pain to feel now
Touch the silence
Afraid of hell
Black theatre
Violet dancers drink my blood
The moon gave me flowers
For funerals to come
I cannot breathe
Am losing life
The moon paints the skyline blue

Twelve groups of stars [Rev 12:1]
Surrounding God's heaven
Same as the tribes
The twelve tribes of Israel [Gen 49:28]
Each hold a sign [Num 2:2]
Surrounding God's presence
Blurring the lines [Heb 9:24]
'tween here and his residence
Twelve makes a day
Twelve tones in music
Twelve months a year
Do you think it's an accident?
Christ as the Sun [Heb 1:3]
Pictures the Father
Sorrounded by twelve [Mat 23:8]
That he calls his brothers
Twelve precious stones [Ex 39:7]
Upon the Priests Ephod
Twelve were the sons [Gen 35:22]
The twelve sons of Jacob
Twelve oxen held [2 Chr 4:4,5]
In Solomon's temple
Three thousand baths
To cleanse all the Levites
Christ built his church [Eph 2:20]
Upon twelve apostles
And three thousand souls [Acts 2:41]
Were added at Pentecost
Christ built His church
Upon twelve apostles
And three thousand souls
Were added at Pentecost
And then after all,
with our backs against the wall
We seek the temple of the living God

end of the year theyre raising my rent called in sick my money is spent buildings out side all covered in snow makin a fire the heat is on i loo out my window there a shopping cart attached to it theres a crying bum i need a road dog wheres santa claus on my last drop in stuck eating crumbs no gift december 25th no bottles empty where's st. nicolass happy fuckin year and christmas carol's a whore on the corner and a grinch is a friend of every pimp take me away for the holidays dinner in a strait jacket turkey tray and the kids who have been beat down with a stick you aint gotta take it from the family plan if ya cant get help do it all for yerself a make shift kid will be strong in the end soaking up those tears comes just once a year get someone a gift, show someone ya car

Now I know a year has 12 days.
Sometimes more but usually less.
Now I've learned not everything has a name.
Or how do you call a thing that eats itself.
This year has one day.
It happens again when I try to sleep.
Problems to wake up? None.
I've got problems to fall asleep.
Red is the colour of being weak.
White is the colour of being asleep.
Red is the colour of being weak.
White is the colour of being a sheep.
Red is the colour of why am I so weak

mom and dad don't like me
they said i haven't got a clue today
and everything they know is true they say
and that i'm wrong
they punish with a combination of
verbal abuse and total lack of love
and they ignore me
mom and dad won't buy me
what all the other kids in class have got
i tell them they can kiss my ass a lot
but they refuse
but they refuse
i could so divorce them
i can so drive myself
i can live by myself
if i'm allowed
i could have big parties
and stay out late at night
and those i hate just might
be gone for good
i should just get married
they wouldn't get an invitation and
we'd get to see them in the street, they'd stand
too powerless
except i'm only 12 which shouldn't make
a difference because it's their mistake

Hey momma look at me
Aren't you proud aren't you happy
I am a ladies man
I got my woman in the palm of my hand
I know she's only 12
I can't get anyone else
I know she's only 12
But she looks 13
I met her at Disneyland
Never thought I'd get to hold her hand
All the younger guys are looking at her
But she likes me 'cause I'm so much older
Little girl I'll pick you up at 8
Don't worry we won't be late
We can't get down and dirty

So today I wrote a song for you
Cause a day can get so long
And I know its hard to make it through
When you say there's something wrong
So I'm trying to put it right
Cause I want to love you with my heart
All this trying has made me tight
And I don't know even where to start
Maybe that's a start
Cause you know its a simple game
That you play filling up your head with rain
And you know you are hiding from your pain
In the way, in the way you say your name
And I see you
Hiding your face in your hands
Flying so you won't land
You think no one understands
No one understands
So you hunch your shoulders and you shake your head
And your throat is aching but you swear
No one hurts you, nothing could be sad
Anyway you're not here enough to care
And you're so tired you don't sleep at night
As your heart is trying to mend
You keep it quiet but you think you might
Disappear before the end
And it's strange that you cannot find
Any strength to even try
To find a voice to speak your mind
When you do, all you wanna do is cry
Well maybe you should cry
And I see you hiding your face in your hands
Talking bout far-away lands
You think no one understands
Listen to my hands
And all of this life
Moves around you
For all that you claim
You're standing still
You are moving too
You are moving too
You are moving too

Make changes yourself !



Minecraft 1.2 Trailer
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  • Updated: 07 May 2013
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1,2-Dichloroethane
Identifiers
CAS number 107-06-2 YesY
ChemSpider 10 YesY
UNII 55163IJI47 YesY
KEGG C06752 YesY
ChEMBL CHEMBL16370 N
RTECS number KI0525000
Jmol-3D images Image 1
Properties
Molecular formula C2H4Cl2
Molar mass 98.96 g mol−1
Appearance Colorless liquid with
characteristic odor
Density 1.253 g/cm³, liquid
Melting point

-35 °C, 238 K, -31 °F

Boiling point

84 °C, 357 K, 183 °F

Solubility in water 0.87 g/100 mL (20 °C)
Viscosity 0.84 mPa·s at 20 °C
Structure
Dipole moment 1.80 D
Hazards
MSDS External MSDS
R-phrases R11 R45 R36/37/38
S-phrases S45 S53
Main hazards Toxic, flammable
NFPA 704
NFPA 704.svg
3
3
0
Flash point 13 °C
Related compounds
Related haloalkanes Methyl chloride
Methylene chloride
1,1,1-Trichloroethane
Related compounds Ethylene
Chlorine
Vinyl chloride
Supplementary data page
Structure and
properties
n, εr, etc.
Thermodynamic
data
Phase behaviour
Solid, liquid, gas
Spectral data UV, IR, NMR, MS
 N (verify) (what is: YesY/N?)
Except where noted otherwise, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C, 100 kPa)
Infobox references

The chemical compound 1,2-dichloroethane, commonly known by its old name of ethylene dichloride (EDC), is a chlorinated hydrocarbon, mainly used to produce vinyl chloride monomer (VCM, chloroethene), the major precursor for PVC production. It is a colourless liquid with a chloroform-like odour. 1,2-Dichloroethane is also used generally as an intermediate for other organic chemical compounds and as a solvent. It forms azeotropes with many other solvents, including water (b.p. 70.5 C) and other chlorocarbons.[1]

Contents

History[link]

In 1794, physician Jan Rudolph Deiman, merchant Adriaan Paets van Troostwijk, chemist Anthoni Lauwerenburg, and botanist Nicolaas Bondt, under the name of Gezelschap der Hollandsche Scheikundigen (Dutch: Society of Dutch Chemists), were the first to produce 1,2-dichloroethane from olefiant gas (oil-making gas, ethylene) and chlorine gas. Although the Gezelschap in practice did not do much in-depth scientific research, they and their publications were highly regarded. Part of that acknowledgement is that 1,2-dichloroethane has been called "Dutch oil" in old chemistry.

Production[link]

Nearly 20 million tons of 1,2-dichloroethane are produced in the United States, Western Europe, and Japan.[2] Production is primarily achieved through the iron(III) chloride-catalysed reaction of ethene (ethylene) and chlorine.

H2C=CH2 + Cl2 → ClCH2-CH2Cl

1,2-dichloroethane is also generated by the copper(II) chloride-catalysed "oxychlorination" of ethylene:

2 H2C=CH2 + 4 HCl + O2 → 2 ClCH2-CH2Cl + 2 H2O

In principle, it can be prepared by the chlorination of ethane and, less directly, from ethanol.

Uses[link]

Vinyl chloride monomer (VCM) production[link]

With approximately 80% of the world's consumption of 1,2-dichloroethane, the major use of 1,2-dichloroethane is in the production of vinyl chloride monomer (VCM, chloroethene) with hydrogen chloride as a byproduct. VCM is the precursor to polyvinyl chloride.

Cl-CH2-CH2-Cl → H2C=CH-Cl + HCl

The hydrogen chloride can be re-used in the production of more 1,2-dichloroethane via the oxychlorination route described above.

Other uses[link]

As a good apolar aprotic solvent, 1,2-dichloroethane is used as degreaser and paint remover. As a useful 'building block' reagent, it is used as an intermediate in the production of various organic compounds such as ethylenediamine. In the laboratory it is occasionally used as a source of chlorine, with elimination of ethene and chloride.

Via several steps, 1,2-dichloroethane is a precursor to 1,1,1-trichloroethane, which is used in dry cleaning. Historically, 1,2-dichloroethane was used as an anti-knock additive in leaded fuels.[3]

Safety[link]

1,2-Dichloroethane is toxic (especially by inhalation due to its high vapour pressure), highly flammable,[4] and carcinogenic. Its high solubility and 50-year half-life in anoxic aquifers make it a perennial pollutant and health risk that is very expensive to treat conventionally, requiring a method of bioremediation.[5] While the chemical is banned from use by U.S. manufacturers[6], a case was reported in 2009 of molded plastic consumer products (toys and holiday decorations) from China that released 1,2-dichloroethane into homes at levels high enough to produce cancer risk.[7] Substitutes are recommended and will vary according to application. Dioxolane and toluene are possible substitutes as solvents. Dichloroethane is unstable in the presence of aluminium metal and, when moist, with zinc and iron.

References[link]

  1. ^ Manfred Rossberg, Wilhelm Lendle, Gerhard Pfleiderer, Adolf Tögel, Eberhard-Ludwig Dreher, Ernst Langer, Heinz Rassaerts, Peter Kleinschmidt, Heinz Strack, Richard Cook, Uwe Beck, Karl-August Lipper, Theodore R. Torkelson, Eckhard Löser, Klaus K. Beutel, Trevor Mann “Chlorinated Hydrocarbons” in Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry 2006, Wiley-VCH, Weinheim. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/14356007.a06_233.pub2
  2. ^ J.A. Field & R. Sierra-Alvarez (2004). "Biodegradability of chlorinated solvents and related chlorinated aliphatic compounds". Rev. Environ. Sci. Biotechnol. 3 (3): 185–254. DOI:10.1007/s11157-004-4733-8. 
  3. ^ Seyferth, D. (2003). "The Rise and Fall of Tetraethyllead. 2". Organometallics 22 (25): 5154–5178. DOI:10.1021/om030621b. 
  4. ^ "1,2-Dichoroethane MSDS." Mallinckrodt Chemicals. 19 May 2008. Web. <http://hazard.com/msds/mf/baker/baker/files/d2440.htm>.
  5. ^ S. De Wildeman & W. Verstraete (25 Mar., 2003). "The quest for microbial reductive dechlorination of C2 to C4 chloroalkanes is warranted". Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 61 (2): 94–102. DOI:10.1007/s00253-002-1174-6. PMID 12655450. 
  6. ^ Toxic Christmas: Plastic Ornaments May Pollute Your Air
  7. ^ Doucette, WJ and Hall, AJ and Gorder, KA (Winter, 2010). "Emissions of 1, 2-Dichloroethane from Holiday Decorations as a Source of Indoor Air Contamination". Ground Water Monitoring & Remediation 30 (1): 67–73. DOI:10.1111/j.1745-6592.2009.01267.x. 

External links[link]

http://wn.com/1,2-Dichloroethane




This page contains text from Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1,2-Dichloroethane

This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, which means that you can copy and modify it as long as the entire work (including additions) remains under this license.


Lee Hi
Birth name Lee Ha Yi (이하이)
Born (1996-09-23) September 23, 1996 (age 16)
Bucheon, South Korea
Origin South Korea
Genres K-pop
Occupations Singer
Years active 2012–present
Labels YG Entertainment
Associated acts Epik High, 2NE1, YG Family
Website http://www.yg-hiheel.com
http://www.lee-hi.co.kr
Korean name
Hangul 이하이
Hanja
Revised Romanization I Ha-i
McCune–Reischauer Yi Hai

Lee Ha Yi (Hangul: 이하이, born September 23, 1996), also known by her stage name Lee Hi, is a South Korean singer. She is known as the SBS's "Survival K-Pop Star" runner-up of 2011. Her debut single "1,2,3,4", was released on October 28, 2012 and reached #1 with the first-week sales of 667,549 downloads.[1][2] Following the launch of her solo career, Lee Hi is expected to debut as a member of forthcoming girl group SuPearls managed by the same entertainment agency.[3]

Contents

Biography[link]

Lee Ha Yi was born on September 23, 1996, and from Bucheon. She attended Sukchun Elementary School and Sangil Middle School, where she was a student of popular youtuber, Simon Stawski. She is currently in School of performing Arts in Seoul.[2]

Career[link]

In 2012, Lee Hi finished as the runner-up of Survival K-Pop Star,[4] and was scouted out by YG Entertainment CEO, Yang Hyun-suk.[5]

On October 8, Epik High released their first song in about three years entitled "It's Cold" featuring Lee Ha Yi.[3]

On October 29, Lee Hi's new single "1,2,3,4" was released. The song was written by Masta Wu and produced by CHOICE37 and Lydia Paek. The music video was directed by director Han Sa Min, who also did 2NE1‘s “Lonely” and Big Bang’s “Blue” and “Monster."[6] The song reached #1 on all the main music charts.[7] The song ranked #1 for five consecutive days.[8] She also dominated montly charts.[9][10] She has ranked on the top spot 11 times on the hourly real time charts, which set a record for female soloists in 2012[11] She performed "1,2,3,4" on Inkigayo on November 4.[12]

Her second single, “Scarecrow”, was released on November 22, 2012.[13]

In 2013, Her debut album will be released in March.[14]

Discography[link]

Singles[link]

Year Title Peak positions Album
KOR
Gaon

[15]
KOR
Billboard
[16]
2012 "1,2,3,4" 1 1 TBA
"Scarecrow" 3 3
"—" denotes releases that did not chart or were not released in that region.

Featured singles[link]

Year Title Peak positions Album
KOR
[15][16]
2012 "It's Cold" (Epik High Feat. Lee Hi) 1 99
"—" denotes releases that did not chart or were not released in that region.

K-pop Star Tracks[link]

Released Date Track Album
19/03/2012 Don't Stop The Music SBS K-pop Star Top 8
21/03/2012 너를 위해 SBS K-pop Star SPECIAL No. 1
25/03/2012 미련한 사랑 SBS K-pop Star Top 7
28/03/2012 Mercy SBS K-pop Star SPECIAL NO. 2
01/04/2012 Sway SBS K-pop Star Top 6
08/04/2012 Love SBS K-pop Star Top 5
15/04/2012 As Time goes by SBS K-pop Star Top 4
20/04/2012 Good-Bye Baby SBS K-pop Star SPECIAL No. 3
24/04/2012 U Go Girl SBS K-pop Star Top 3
30/04/2012 Killing Me Softly with His Song SBS K-pop Star Top 2
15/05/2012 Rolling in the Deep SBS K-pop Star SPECIAL No. 4

Videography[link]

Music videos[link]

Year Title Length Director Official MV on YouTube
2012 "1.2.3.4" 3:46 Han Sa Min OfficialLEEHI

Awards[link]

World Music Awards[link]

Year Nominated work Award Result
2013 1,2,3,4 World's Best Song Pending

Golden Disk Awards[link]

Year Nominated work Award Result
2013 1,2,3,4 Best Rookie Award Won

Seoul Music Awards[link]

Year Nominated work Award Result
2013 1,2,3,4 Best Rookie Award Won

Music Shows[link]

[edit] M! Countdown

Date Song
November 15 "1,2,3,4"
November 8

'References'[link]

  1. ^ "Gaon Chart's download". gaon. http://www.gaonchart.co.kr/main/section/online/download/list.gaon?nationGbn=T. Retrieved November 8, 2012.
  2. ^ a b "Lee Hi Offical Website". http://www.lee-hi.co.kr.
  3. ^ a b "Epik High and Lee Hi reveal "It’s Cold"". Allkpop. Oct. 9,2012. http://www.allkpop.com/2012/10/epik-high-and-lee-hi-reveal-its-cold. Retrieved Nov. 2,2012.
  4. ^ "JYP Entertainment Opens Park Ji Min’s 15& Homepage". enews world. 2012-09-24. http://enewsworld.mnet.com/enews/contents.asp?idx=15770. Retrieved October 7, 2012.
  5. ^ "Lee Seung Hoon and Lee Hai Yi from SBS "K-Pop Star" Pick Management Agency". soompi. May 16, 2012. http://www.soompi.com/2012/05/16/lee-seung-hoon-and-lee-ha-yi-from-sbs-kpop-star-pick-management-agency/. Retrieved November 4, 2012.
  6. ^ "Lee Hi releases MV for debut single". Allkpop. October 28, 2012. http://www.allkpop.com/2012/10/lee-his-releases-mv-for-debut-single-1234. Retrieved November 4, 2012.
  7. ^ "Lee Hi achieves an all-kill". Allkpop. October 29, 2012. http://www.allkpop.com/2012/10/lee-his-1-2-3-4-achieves-an-all-kill-on-music-charts. Retrieved November 4, 2012.
  8. ^ "이하이 '1,2,3,4', 음원차트 2일째 올킬 '괴물 신인'". kome-world. October 29, 2012. http://news.naver.com/main/read.nhn?mode=LSD&mid=shm&sid1=106&oid=109&aid=0002434271. Retrieved Nov. 4,2012.
  9. ^ http://www.allkpop.com/2012/12/lee-hi-takes-over-november-music-charts
  10. ^ http://www.allkpop.com/2012/12/gaon-chart-releases-chart-rankings-for-the-month-of-november-2012
  11. ^ http://www.allkpop.com/2012/11/lee-hi-sets-a-record-for-female-solo-artists-this-year-with-1-2-3-4
  12. ^ "Lee Hi makes her long-awaited debut with "1,2,3,4″ on ‘Inkigayo’!". Allkpop date=November 4, 20120. http://www.allkpop.com/2012/11/lee-hi-makes-her-long-awaited-debut-with-1234-on-inkigayo. Retrieved November 4, 2012.
  13. ^ "Lee Hi releases 2nd single Scarecrow". Allkpop. November 21. http://www.allkpop.com/2012/11/lee-hi-releases-2nd-single-scarecrow. Retrieved December 1, 2012.
  14. ^ "Lee Hi likely to release debut album in March". Allkpop. February 1. http://www.allkpop.com/2013/02/lee-hi-likely-to-release-debut-album-in-march. Retrieved February 1, 2013.
  15. ^ a b "Gaon Chart" (in Korean). Gaon Chart. http://www.gaonchart.co.kr/main/section/total/list.gaon. Retrieved 2012-11-27.
  16. ^ a b "Korea K-Pop Hot 100 Chart" (in Korean). Korea K-Pop Hot 100. http://www.billboard.co.kr/v1/index.html. Retrieved 2012-11-27.

External links[link]

ko:이하이

hu:I Hai zh:李遐怡

http://wn.com/Lee_Hi




This page contains text from Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lee_Hi

This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, which means that you can copy and modify it as long as the entire work (including additions) remains under this license.


Rube Goldberg
Born Reuben Garrett Lucius Goldberg
(1883-07-04)July 4, 1883
San Francisco, California, United States
Died December 7, 1970(1970-12-07) (aged 87)
Resting place Mount Pleasant Cemetery in Hawthorne, New York
Occupation Engineer, Sculptor, News Reporter, Cartoonist
Known for Rube Goldberg machines

Reuben Lucius Goldberg (July 4, 1883 – December 7, 1970) was an American cartoonist, sculptor, author, engineer and inventor.

He is best known for a series of popular cartoons depicting complex gadgets that perform simple tasks in indirect, convoluted ways. These devices, now known as Rube Goldberg machines, are similar to those drawn by W. Heath Robinson in the UK and Storm P in Denmark[citation needed]. Goldberg received many honors in his lifetime, including a Pulitzer Prize for his political cartooning in 1948 and the Banshees' Silver Lady Award 1959.[1]

Goldberg was a founding member and the first president of the National Cartoonists Society,[2] and he is the namesake of the Reuben Award, which the organization awards to the Cartoonist of the Year. He is the inspiration for various international competitions, known as Rube Goldberg Machine Contests, which challenge participants to make a complex machine to perform a simple task.

Contents

Life[link]

Goldberg was born July 4, 1883, in San Francisco, California, to Jewish parents Max and Hannah Goldberg. He was the second of four children (older brother Garrett, younger brother Walter, and younger sister Lillian). Rube married Irma Seeman in 1916. They lived at 88 Central Park West in New York City and had two sons named Thomas and George. He started drawing when he was only four years old. Goldberg did not share a surname with his children because of the amount of hatred towards him during World War II from the political nature of his cartoons. He ordered his sons to change their names from Goldberg for safety reasons. Both of his sons chose the last name of George, wanting to keep a sense of family cohesiveness. Thomas and George's children now run a company called RGI (Rube Goldberg Incorporated) to maintain the Goldberg name. John George (Thomas's son) is assisted by his cousin Jennifer George[3] (George's daughter) and John's son Joshua George to keep the family name alive.[4] Reuben died in 1970 at the age of 87, while his widow, Irma, died 20 years later on April 26, 1990 at the age of 95.[5]

Career[link]

Rube Goldberg with family, 1929

Goldberg's father was a San Francisco police and fire commissioner, who encouraged the young Reuben to pursue a career in engineering. Rube graduated from the University of California, Berkeley in 1904 with a College of Mining degree[1] and was hired by the city of San Francisco as an engineer for the Water and Sewers Department. After six months he resigned his position with the city to join the San Francisco Chronicle where he became a sports cartoonist.[1] The following year, he took a job with the San Francisco Bulletin, where he remained until he moved to New York City in 1907.

Goldberg drew cartoons for five newspapers, including the New York Journal American|New York Evening Journal and the New York Evening Mail. His work entered syndication in 1915, beginning his nationwide popularity. He was syndicated by the McNaught Syndicate from 1922 until 1934.

A prolific artist, Goldberg produced several cartoon series simultaneously, including Mike and Ike (They Look Alike), Boob McNutt, Foolish Questions, Lala Palooza and The Weekly Meeting of the Tuesday Women's Club. The cartoons that brought him lasting fame involved a character named Professor Lucifer Gorgonzola Butts. In that series, Goldberg drew labeled schematics of the comical "inventions" that would later bear his name.

Cultural legacy[link]

This postcard book, Rube Goldberg's Inventions!, was compiled by Maynard Frank Wolfe from the Rube Goldberg Archives. The cover illustration shows Professor Butts and the Self-Operating Napkin. The "Self-Operating Napkin" is activated when the soup spoon (A) is raised to mouth, pulling string (B) and thereby jerking ladle (C), which throws cracker (D) past parrot (E). Parrot jumps after cracker and perch (F) tilts, upsetting seeds (G) into pail (H). Extra weight in pail pulls cord (I), which opens and lights automatic lighter (J), setting off skyrocket (K), which causes sickle (L) to cut string (M) and allow the pendulum with the attached napkin to swing back and forth, thereby wiping chin.

In 1931 the Merriam-Webster dictionary adopted the word "Rube Goldberg" as an adjective defined as accomplishing something simple through complex means.[6]

Predating Goldberg, the corresponding term in the U.K. was, and still is, "Heath Robinson", after the English illustrator with an equal devotion to odd machinery (although Heath Robinson's creations did not have the same emphasis on the sequential or chain reaction element).

Goldberg's work was commemorated posthumously in 1995 with the inclusion of Rube Goldberg's Inventions, depicting Professor Butts' "Self-Operating Napkin" in the Comic Strip Classics series of U.S. postage stamps.[7]

Film and television[link]

Rube Goldberg wrote a feature film featuring his machines and sculptures called Soup to Nuts, which was released in 1930 and starred Ted Healy and The Three Stooges.

In the 1962 John Wayne movie Hatari!, an invention to catch monkeys by character Pockets, played by Red Buttons, is described as a "Rube Goldberg."

In the late 1960s and early 70s, educational shows like Sesame Street and The Electric Company routinely showed bits that involved Rube Goldberg devices, including the Rube Goldberg Alphabet Contraption, and the What Happens Next Machine.[8][9]

Various other films and cartoons have included highly complex machines that perform simple tasks. Among these are Flåklypa Grand Prix, Looney Tunes, Tom and Jerry, Wallace and Gromit, Pee-wee's Big Adventure, The Way Things Go, Edward Scissorhands, Back to the Future, Honey, I Shrunk the Kids, The Goonies, Gremlins, the Saw film series, Chitty Chitty Bang Bang, The Cat from Outer Space, Malcolm, Family Guy, and Waiting...

Also in the Final Destination film series the characters often die in Rube Goldberg-esque ways. In the film The Great Mouse Detective, the villain Ratigan attempts to kill the film's heroes, Basil of Baker Street and David Q. Dawson, with a Rube Goldberg style device. The classic video in this genre was done by the artist duo Peter Fischli & David Weiss in 1987 with their 30 minute video "Der Lauf der Dinge" or "The Way Things Go".

Honda produced a video in 2003 called "The Cog" using many of the same principles that Fischli and Weiss had done in 1987.

In 2005, the American indie/alternative rock band The Bravery released a video for their debut single, "An Honest Mistake," which features the band performing the song in the middle of a Rube Goldberg machine.

In 1999, an episode of The X-Files was titled "The Goldberg Variation". The episode intertwined characters FBI agents Mulder and Scully, a simple apartment super, Henry Weems (Willie Garson) and an ailing young boy, Ritchie Lupone (Shia LaBeouf) in a real-life Goldberg device.

The 2010 music video "This Too Shall Pass - RGM Version" by the rock band OK Go features a machine that, after four minutes of kinetic activity, shoots the band members in the face with paint. "RGM" presumably stands for Rube Goldberg Machine.[10]

Games[link]

The popular 1963 board game Mouse Trap, as well as its sequels Crazy Clock (1964), and Fish Bait (1965) are based on Rube Goldberg machines.[citation needed] Some examples of Goldberg-inspired video games are Incredibots, LittleBigPlanet, LittleBigPlanet 2, the 1990s-era series of The Incredible Machine games, and Crazy Machines.[citation needed]

See also[link]

References[link]

External links[link]

http://wn.com/Rube_Goldberg




This page contains text from Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rube_Goldberg

This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, which means that you can copy and modify it as long as the entire work (including additions) remains under this license.