- published: 09 Aug 2010
- views: 89092
- author: beatles4life321
Vimeo results:
Youtube results:
add
Loading...
Branches of Mathematics
Pure mathematics
Applied mathematics
- Dynamical systems and differential equations
- Mathematical physics
- Computing
- Information theory and signal processing
- Probability and statistics
- Game theory
- Operations research
Related Topics
- Electromagnetic Spectrum
- Linear Equations
- Applied Physics
- Nano Technology
- Engineering Sciences
- Mathematical Medicine
- Fluid dynamics
- Computational Mathematics
- Gamma Ray Optics
- Onfrared Optics
- Relative Velocity
- Iciam
- Intelligent Imaging Neuroscience
- Biomedical Engineering
- Neuroscience Research
- Quantum Cosmology
- Brain Research
Open Collage in a new Window
Email the Collage
- Loading...
Loading suggestions ...
- 121
- 1336
- 1444
- 1476
- 1478
- 1489
- 1538
- 1564
- 1575
- 1607
- 1648
- 1697
- 1710
- 1716
- 1718
- 1774
- 1782
- 1784
- 1785
- 1787
- 1789
- 1798
- 1801
- 1802
- 1803
- 1804
- 1805
- 1812
- 1822
- 1826
- 1834
- 1852
- 1856
- 1862
- 1865
- 1878
- 1879
- 1881
- 1886
- 1888
- 1889
- 1892
- 1894
- 1896
- 1897
- 1898
- 1900
- 1904
- 1910
- 1911
- 1912
- 1914
- 1915
- 1916
- 1917
- 1918
- 1920
- 1922
- 1923
- 1924
- 1925
- 1926
- 1927
- 1929
- 1930
- 1932
- 1933
- 1936
- 1937
- 1938
- 1940
- 1941
- 1942
- 1943
- 1944
- 1945
- 1946
- 1947
- 1949
- 1950
- 1951
- 1952
- 1953
- 1954
- 1955
- 1956
- 1957
- 1958
- 1959
- 1960
- 1961
- 1962
- 1963
- 1964
- 1965
- 1966
- 1967
- 1968
- 1969
- 1970
- 1971
- 1972
- 1973
- 1974
- 1975
- 1976
- 1977
- 1978
- 1979
- 1980
- 1981
- 1982
- 1983
- 1984
- 1985
- 1986
- 1987
- 1988
- 1989
- 1991
- 1992
- 1994
- 1996
- 1999
- 2002
- 2003
- 2004
- 2005
- 2007
- 2009
- 2010
- 2011
- 2012
- 499
- 570
- A. E. van Vogt
- Abraham Lincoln
- Adam Falckenhagen
- Adil Ray
- Adrian Borland
- Aikido
- Alan Hinkes
- Aldobrandesca
- Alfred Krupp
- Ambroise Noumazalaye
- Ambrose Dudley Mann
- Ambrose R. Wright
- American Civil War
- Amien Rais
- Ancien Regime
- Andover, Kansas
- Angora (band)
- Anita Loos
- Anna Mucha
- Anthony Cumia
- April
- April 1
- April 10
- April 11
- April 12
- April 13
- April 14
- April 15
- April 16
- April 17
- April 18
- April 19
- April 2
- April 20
- April 2003
- April 2004
- April 2005
- April 2006
- April 2007
- April 2008
- April 2009
- April 2010
- April 2011
- April 2012
- April 21
- April 22
- April 23
- April 24
- April 25
- April 26
- April 27
- April 28
- April 29
- April 3
- April 30
- April 4
- April 5
- April 6
- April 7
- April 8
- April 9
- April Revolution
- Arcadia (band)
- Ariane Moffatt
- Arno Allan Penzias
- Arnold Sommerfeld
- Ashikaga Yoshihisa
- August
- August 1
- August 10
- August 11
- August 12
- August 13
- August 14
- August 15
- August 16
- August 17
- August 18
- August 19
- August 2
- August 20
- August 21
- August 22
- August 23
- August 24
- August 25
- August 26
- August 27
- August 28
- August 29
- August 3
- August 30
- August 31
- August 4
- August 5
- August 6
- August 7
- August 8
- August 9
- Augusto Roa Bastos
- Avant
- Avi Nimni
- Baguio City
- Battle of Derne
- Belarus
- Bennett Place
- Benxihu Colliery
- Bernard Malamud
- Bessie Love
- Bobby Rydell
- Bombing of Guernica
- Brock Gillespie
- Broderick Crawford
- Browning Ross
- Calendar of saints
- Cape Henry
- Carl Bosch
- Carlos Bianchi
- Carlsbad Caverns
- Carmine Coppola
- Carol Burnett
- Channing Tatum
- Charles Richter
- Charlie Chester
- Chernobyl disaster
- Chernobyl plant
- Children of Bodom
- Chris Johnston
- Chris Mars
- Cicely Courtneidge
- Claudine Auger
- Claudine Clark
- Cliff Watson
- Colin Scotts
- Colombia
- Container ship
- Cooper Wallace
- Count Basie
- Daesung
- Danielle Hope
- David Coleman
- Day
- Debra Wilson
- December
- December 1
- December 10
- December 11
- December 12
- December 13
- December 14
- December 15
- December 16
- December 17
- December 18
- December 19
- December 2
- December 20
- December 21
- December 22
- December 23
- December 24
- December 25
- December 26
- December 27
- December 28
- December 29
- December 3
- December 30
- December 31
- December 4
- December 5
- December 6
- December 7
- December 8
- December 9
- Dechko Uzunov
- Derna, Libya
- Dominic Sena
- Douglas Sirk
- Duane Eddy
- Duomo of Florence
- Duran Duran
- E. J. Pratt
- East to West
- Eddie Eagan
- Edmund C. Tarbell
- Edmund Husserl
- Edward Max Nicholson
- Egypt
- Elizabeth Bowes-Lyon
- Emily McLaughlin
- Emperor Go-Shirakawa
- England
- Erfurt
- Erfurt massacre
- Ernst Udet
- Esek Hopkins
- Eugène Delacroix
- Fanny Blankers-Koen
- February
- February 1
- February 10
- February 11
- February 12
- February 13
- February 14
- February 15
- February 16
- February 17
- February 18
- February 19
- February 2
- February 20
- February 21
- February 22
- February 23
- February 24
- February 25
- February 26
- February 27
- February 28
- February 29
- February 3
- February 30
- February 31
- February 4
- February 5
- February 6
- February 7
- February 8
- February 9
- Fernando Amorsolo
- Fetal surgery
- Filiberto Ojeda Ríos
- First Barbary War
- First Lieutenant
- Florida
- Franca Visalta
- France
- Francis Lai
- French Revolution
- Fujita scale
- G. Murray Hulbert
- Gabdulla Tuqay
- Gary Wright
- Geoff Blum
- George Hull Ward
- George Tuska
- Georgia (U.S. state)
- Georgios Kostikos
- Georgios Papandreou
- Germany
- Gestapo
- Gian Paolo Lomazzo
- Giancarlo Esposito
- Gichin Funakoshi
- Giorgio Moroder
- Giuliano de' Medici
- Golden Smog
- Gregorian calendar
- Gyeongsangnam-do
- Gypsy Rose Lee
- Hack Wilson
- Hans Holzer
- Head of state
- Heinrich Kreipe
- Henry IV of France
- Houston, Texas
- Hubert Selby Jr.
- I.M. Pei
- Ignacio Lores
- Indochina
- Irene Ryan
- Islam
- Israr Ahmed
- Ivana Milicevic
- Jack Douglas (actor)
- Jack Valenti
- Jadwiga Staniszkis
- James Larkin White
- James Rouse
- Janne Wirman
- January
- January 0
- January 1
- January 10
- January 11
- January 12
- January 13
- January 14
- January 15
- January 16
- January 17
- January 18
- January 19
- January 2
- January 20
- January 21
- January 22
- January 23
- January 24
- January 25
- January 26
- January 27
- January 28
- January 29
- January 3
- January 30
- January 31
- January 4
- January 5
- January 6
- January 7
- January 8
- January 9
- Jason Bargwanna
- Jason Earles
- Jay DeMarcus
- Jeanne Sauvé
- Jeffrey Guterman
- Jerry Blackwell
- Jessica Lee Rose
- Jessica Lynch
- Jet Li
- Jill Dando
- Jim Davis (actor)
- Joan Chen
- Joanne Gobure
- Joe Crede
- Joey Jordison
- John Bunny
- John Corabi
- John Grierson
- John Heartfield
- John Isner
- John James Audubon
- John Silkin
- John Wilkes Booth
- Jordana Brewster
- Jorge Andújar Moreno
- Joseph E. Johnston
- Joseph Ward
- José María López
- July
- July 1
- July 10
- July 11
- July 12
- July 13
- July 14
- July 15
- July 16
- July 17
- July 18
- July 19
- July 2
- July 20
- July 21
- July 22
- July 23
- July 24
- July 25
- July 26
- July 27
- July 28
- July 29
- July 3
- July 30
- July 31
- July 4
- July 5
- July 6
- July 7
- July 8
- July 9
- June
- June 1
- June 10
- June 11
- June 12
- June 13
- June 14
- June 15
- June 16
- June 17
- June 18
- June 19
- June 2
- June 20
- June 21
- June 22
- June 23
- June 24
- June 25
- June 26
- June 27
- June 28
- June 29
- June 3
- June 30
- June 4
- June 5
- June 6
- June 7
- June 8
- June 9
- Jørgen Ingmann
- Kane (wrestler)
- Karate
- Kevin James (actor)
- Kiko Narváez
- Kimber James
- Kingdom of England
- Koo Stark
- Korea
- Kosuke Fukudome
- Kurt Bodewig
- L'Aigle
- Leap year
- Lebanon
- Leo Arnaud
- Libya
- Lior Refaelov
- Lorenzo de' Medici
- Lucidius of Verona
- Lucille Ball
- Ludwig Uhland
- Ludwig Wittgenstein
- Luftwaffe
- Luigi Panarelli
- Ma Rainey
- Manchukuo
- March
- March 0
- March 1
- March 10
- March 11
- March 12
- March 13
- March 14
- March 15
- March 16
- March 17
- March 18
- March 19
- March 2
- March 20
- March 2012
- March 21
- March 22
- March 23
- March 24
- March 25
- March 26
- March 27
- March 28
- March 29
- March 3
- March 30
- March 31
- March 4
- March 5
- March 6
- March 7
- March 8
- March 9
- Marcus Aurelius
- Maria Schell
- Marianne Hoppe
- Marie de' Medici
- Marlon King
- Marnette Patterson
- Mason Adams
- Masterplan (band)
- Masutatsu Oyama
- Matthieu Delpierre
- May
- May 1
- May 10
- May 11
- May 12
- May 13
- May 14
- May 15
- May 16
- May 17
- May 18
- May 19
- May 2
- May 20
- May 2012
- May 21
- May 22
- May 23
- May 24
- May 25
- May 26
- May 27
- May 28
- May 29
- May 3
- May 30
- May 31
- May 4
- May 5
- May 6
- May 7
- May 8
- May 9
- Melania Trump
- Meteor
- Meteorite fall
- Michael Damian
- Michael Kergin
- Michael R. Harrison
- Michel Barrette
- Mont Ventoux
- Month
- Moon
- Morihei Ueshiba
- Morris West
- Ms. Dynamite
- Muhammad
- Murderdolls
- Mötley Crüe
- Nagoya Airfield
- Nam Gyu-Ri
- Nancy Lenehan
- Nano Nagle
- Napoleon I of France
- NASA
- Nazi
- Nazi Germany
- Nerina Pallot
- New Jersey
- New York City
- November
- November 1
- November 10
- November 11
- November 12
- November 13
- November 14
- November 15
- November 16
- November 17
- November 18
- November 19
- November 2
- November 20
- November 21
- November 22
- November 23
- November 24
- November 25
- November 26
- November 27
- November 28
- November 29
- November 3
- November 30
- November 4
- November 5
- November 6
- November 7
- November 8
- November 9
- October
- October 1
- October 10
- October 11
- October 12
- October 13
- October 14
- October 15
- October 16
- October 17
- October 18
- October 19
- October 2
- October 20
- October 21
- October 22
- October 23
- October 24
- October 25
- October 26
- October 27
- October 28
- October 29
- October 3
- October 30
- October 31
- October 4
- October 5
- October 6
- October 7
- October 8
- October 9
- Old Permic script
- Paul von Hindenburg
- Paul-Émile Léger
- Pavlo Skoropadsky
- Pazzi
- People's Daily
- Peter II of Portugal
- Peter Madsen
- Peter Stone
- Peter Zumthor
- Petr Ivanovich Panin
- Petrarch
- Phoebe Snow
- Police officer
- Pope Anacletus
- Pope Marcellinus
- Presentation Sisters
- Presley O'Bannon
- Provo Wallis
- Radbertus Paschasius
- Ranger 4
- Rascal Flatts
- Republic of Congo
- Richard Hatfield
- Richard Mitchell
- Richarius
- Robert Campin
- Robert Steinhäuser
- Roger Moens
- Rolling Stones
- Roxana Saberi
- Royal Blue (train)
- Rudolf Hess
- S Club
- Sal Maglie
- Sandra Schmitt
- Secret police
- See Ya
- September
- September 1
- September 10
- September 11
- September 12
- September 13
- September 14
- September 15
- September 16
- September 17
- September 18
- September 19
- September 2
- September 20
- September 21
- September 22
- September 23
- September 24
- September 25
- September 26
- September 27
- September 28
- September 29
- September 3
- September 30
- September 4
- September 5
- September 6
- September 7
- September 8
- September 9
- Shankar Jaikishan
- Sharon Carstairs
- Shogun
- Shondrella Avery
- Sid James
- Sigmund Rascher
- Simonetta Vespucci
- Sisters of Glory
- Slipknot (band)
- Solemn Mass
- South Korea
- Soviet Union
- Spain
- Spanish Civil War
- Spooky Tooth
- Srinivasa Ramanujan
- SS
- SS Ideal X
- Stafford Repp
- Stana Katic
- Stephen of Perm
- Steve Lombardozzi
- Stirling Silliphant
- Stratford-upon-Avon
- Sylvain Simard
- Syngman Rhee
- Syria
- Tammany Young
- Tanganyika
- Tanzania
- Tashkent
- Template Months
- Template talk Months
- Teresa Lewis
- Texas
- The Rouse Company
- The Scream (band)
- The Sound
- Thomas Reid
- Tionne Watkins
- TLC (music)
- Tom Welling
- Tomoyuki Tanaka
- Tomoyuki Yamashita
- Trudpert
- Tyler Labine
- Ukraine
- Union (band)
- United States
- Urs Felber
- Valledupar
- Vic Perrin
- Vicente Aleixandre
- Violette Morris
- Virginia
- Václav Varada
- Warmen
- Warren Clarke
- Warwickshire
- Washington, D.C.
- Wehrmacht
- Weimar Republic
- Westminster Abbey
- Wilhelm Marx
- William Lockwood
- William Shakespeare
- Wolf Kahler
- Woo Bum-kon
- World War II
- Year
- Yoshihiro Togashi
- Zanzibar
- Émigré
- Battle of Derne
- Belarus
- Bombing of Guernica
- Cape Henry
- Chernobyl disaster
- Colombia
- Egypt
- England
- Erfurt massacre
- Florida
- France
- Germany
- Gestapo
- Kingdom of England
- Korea
- Lebanon
- Libya
- Manchukuo
- Nagoya Airfield
- NASA
- Nazi Germany
- New Jersey
- New York City
- South Korea
- Soviet Union
- Spain
- Syria
- Tanzania
- Tashkent
- Texas
- Ukraine
- United States
- Valledupar
- Virginia
- Warwickshire
- Weimar Republic
- Zanzibar
- Abraham Lincoln
- Adam Falckenhagen
- Adil Ray
- Adrian Borland
- Alan Hinkes
- Aldobrandesca
- Ambroise Noumazalaye
- Ambrose Dudley Mann
- Amien Rais
- Anita Loos
- Anna Mucha
- Ariane Moffatt
- Arno Allan Penzias
- Arnold Sommerfeld
- Augusto Roa Bastos
- Avant
- Avi Nimni
- Bernard Malamud
- Bessie Love
- Bobby Rydell
- Brock Gillespie
- Broderick Crawford
- Browning Ross
- Carl Bosch
- Carlos Bianchi
- Carmine Coppola
- Carol Burnett
- Channing Tatum
- Charlie Chester
- Chris Mars
- Cicely Courtneidge
- Claudine Auger
- Claudine Clark
- Cliff Watson
- Colin Scotts
- Cooper Wallace
- Count Basie
- Daesung
- Danielle Hope
- David Coleman
- Debra Wilson
- Dechko Uzunov
- Dominic Sena
- Douglas Sirk
- Duane Eddy
- Eddie Eagan
- Edmund Husserl
- Edward Max Nicholson
- Emily McLaughlin
- Ernst Udet
- Esek Hopkins
- Eugène Delacroix
- Fernando Amorsolo
- Filiberto Ojeda Ríos
- Franca Visalta
- Francis Lai
- Gary Wright
- Geoff Blum
- George Hull Ward
- George Tuska
- Georgios Kostikos
- Georgios Papandreou
- Gian Paolo Lomazzo
- Giancarlo Esposito
- Gichin Funakoshi
- Giorgio Moroder
- Gypsy Rose Lee
- Hack Wilson
- Hans Holzer
- Heinrich Kreipe
- Henry IV of France
- Irene Ryan
- Israr Ahmed
- Jack Valenti
- Jadwiga Staniszkis
- James Larkin White
- James Rouse
- Janne Wirman
- Jason Bargwanna
- Jason Earles
- Jay DeMarcus
- Jeanne Sauvé
- Jeffrey Guterman
- Jerry Blackwell
- Jessica Lee Rose
- Jessica Lynch
- Jet Li
- Jill Dando
- Joan Chen
- Joanne Gobure
- Joe Crede
- Joey Jordison
- John Bunny
- John Corabi
- John Grierson
- John Heartfield
- John Isner
- John James Audubon
- John Silkin
- John Wilkes Booth
- Jordana Brewster
- Jorge Andújar Moreno
- Joseph Ward
- José María López
- Jørgen Ingmann
- Kimber James
- Koo Stark
- Kosuke Fukudome
- Kurt Bodewig
- Leo Arnaud
- Lior Refaelov
- Lucille Ball
- Ludwig Uhland
- Ludwig Wittgenstein
- Luigi Panarelli
- Ma Rainey
- Marcus Aurelius
- Maria Schell
- Marianne Hoppe
- Marlon King
- Marnette Patterson
- Mason Adams
- Matthieu Delpierre
- Melania Trump
- Michael Damian
- Michael Kergin
- Michel Barrette
- Morihei Ueshiba
- Morris West
- Muhammad
- Murderdolls
- Nancy Lenehan
- Nano Nagle
- Nerina Pallot
- Paul von Hindenburg
- Peter II of Portugal
- Peter Madsen
- Peter Stone
- Peter Zumthor
- Petr Ivanovich Panin
- Petrarch
- Phoebe Snow
- Police officer
- Pope Anacletus
- Pope Marcellinus
- Provo Wallis
- Richard Hatfield
- Richard Mitchell
- Richarius
- Robert Campin
- Roger Moens
- Roxana Saberi
- Rudolf Hess
- Sal Maglie
- Sandra Schmitt
- Shankar Jaikishan
- Sharon Carstairs
- Shondrella Avery
- Sid James
- Sigmund Rascher
- Simonetta Vespucci
- Spanish Civil War
- Srinivasa Ramanujan
- Stafford Repp
- Stana Katic
- Stephen of Perm
- Steve Lombardozzi
- Stirling Silliphant
- Sylvain Simard
- Syngman Rhee
- Tammany Young
- Teresa Lewis
- Thomas Reid
- Tionne Watkins
- Tom Welling
- Tomoyuki Tanaka
- Tomoyuki Yamashita
- Trudpert
- Tyler Labine
- Urs Felber
- Vic Perrin
- Vicente Aleixandre
- Violette Morris
- Warren Clarke
- Wilhelm Marx
- William Shakespeare
- Wolf Kahler
- Yoshihiro Togashi
Send this Playlist by SMS
Sublime-april 26 1992 w/ lyrics
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 4:02
- Updated: 21 May 2013
this is april 26 1992 by sublime and with the lyrics.
http://wn.com/Sublime-april_26_1992_w_lyrics
this is april 26 1992 by sublime and with the lyrics.
HOT THIS WEEK: April. 26, 2013
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 2:08
- Updated: 17 May 2013
April 26, 2013. Our weekly wrap-up show covers the biggest premieres and best VEVO originals from this week as well as what's on tap for next week! Tag your ...
http://wn.com/HOT_THIS_WEEK_April_26,_2013
April 26, 2013. Our weekly wrap-up show covers the biggest premieres and best VEVO originals from this week as well as what's on tap for next week! Tag your ...
- published: 26 Apr 2013
- views: 912290
- author: VEVO
4MIN News April 26, 2013: Umbral Field Opens, Magnetic Storm Produced
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 4:12
- Updated: 14 May 2013
NOTES ON EXTENDING THE QUAKE WATCH: 1) I was WRONG when I thought the coronal hole stream wouldn't produce a storm. 2) I was WRONG when I thought the umbral ...
http://wn.com/4MIN_News_April_26,_2013_Umbral_Field_Opens,_Magnetic_Storm_Produced
NOTES ON EXTENDING THE QUAKE WATCH: 1) I was WRONG when I thought the coronal hole stream wouldn't produce a storm. 2) I was WRONG when I thought the umbral ...
- published: 26 Apr 2013
- views: 30822
- author: Suspicious0bservers
Space Station Live: April 26, 2013
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 7:26
- Updated: 27 Apr 2013
The Space Station Live recap video for April 26, 2013. Watch the full Space Station Live broadcast weekdays on NASA TV at 10 a.m. CDT. http://www.nasa.gov/ntv.
http://wn.com/Space_Station_Live_April_26,_2013
The Space Station Live recap video for April 26, 2013. Watch the full Space Station Live broadcast weekdays on NASA TV at 10 a.m. CDT. http://www.nasa.gov/ntv.
- published: 27 Apr 2013
- views: 11
- author: nvdktube
ESAT Daily News - Amsterdam April 26 2013 Ethiopia
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 14:54
- Updated: 22 May 2013
http://www.ethsat.com - Ethiopian Satellite Television (ESAT) ESAT is the first independent Ethiopian Satellite Television service and Radio Station who broa...
http://wn.com/ESAT_Daily_News_Amsterdam_April_26_2013_Ethiopia
http://www.ethsat.com - Ethiopian Satellite Television (ESAT) ESAT is the first independent Ethiopian Satellite Television service and Radio Station who broa...
- published: 26 Apr 2013
- views: 35721
- author: Ethiopian Satellite Television
Backstage Fallout - The JBL & Cole Show - Episode 22: April 26, 2013
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 7:53
- Updated: 20 May 2013
The finals of the Superstar Search are here!
http://wn.com/Backstage_Fallout_The_JBL_Cole_Show_Episode_22_April_26,_2013
The finals of the Superstar Search are here!
- published: 26 Apr 2013
- views: 45536
- author: WWEFanNation
ESAT Daily News - DC April 26 2013 Ethiopia
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 17:42
- Updated: 21 May 2013
http://www.ethsat.com - Ethiopian Satellite Television (ESAT) ESAT is the first independent Ethiopian Satellite Television service and Radio Station who broa...
http://wn.com/ESAT_Daily_News_DC_April_26_2013_Ethiopia
http://www.ethsat.com - Ethiopian Satellite Television (ESAT) ESAT is the first independent Ethiopian Satellite Television service and Radio Station who broa...
- published: 27 Apr 2013
- views: 18814
- author: ESATelevision
Everybody Argues! April 26, 2013 | Naptural85 Vlog
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 10:13
- Updated: 15 May 2013
Check Out My Hair Channel! : http://youtube.com/naptural85 Catch Me on Twitter! : http://twitter.com/Nap85 Facebook! : http://www.facebook.com/pages/Naptural...
http://wn.com/Everybody_Argues!_April_26,_2013_|_Naptural85_Vlog
Check Out My Hair Channel! : http://youtube.com/naptural85 Catch Me on Twitter! : http://twitter.com/Nap85 Facebook! : http://www.facebook.com/pages/Naptural...
- published: 29 Apr 2013
- author: DearNaptural85
Prophecy In The News for April 26, 2013
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 47:29
- Updated: 23 May 2013
There is so much happening in the news pointing to Bible prophecy that I am having a hard time keeping up with it all. In any case, you will see many reports...
http://wn.com/Prophecy_In_The_News_for_April_26,_2013
There is so much happening in the news pointing to Bible prophecy that I am having a hard time keeping up with it all. In any case, you will see many reports...
- published: 26 Apr 2013
- views: 10004
- author: proofofLastdays
The Undertaker feels the brutal wrath of The Shield: SmackDown, April 26, 2013
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 4:38
- Updated: 25 May 2013
The Shield send a painful message to The Undertaker.
http://wn.com/The_Undertaker_feels_the_brutal_wrath_of_The_Shield_SmackDown,_April_26,_2013
The Shield send a painful message to The Undertaker.
- published: 27 Apr 2013
- views: 363903
- author: WWE's Official YouTube Destination
Daily Press Briefing: April 26, 2013
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 18:47
- Updated: 29 Apr 2013
U.S. Department of State Deputy Spokesperson Patrick Ventrell leads the Daily Press Briefing at the U.S. Department of State in Washington, D.C. on April 26,...
http://wn.com/Daily_Press_Briefing_April_26,_2013
U.S. Department of State Deputy Spokesperson Patrick Ventrell leads the Daily Press Briefing at the U.S. Department of State in Washington, D.C. on April 26,...
- published: 26 Apr 2013
- views: 164
- author: statevideo
Coast To Coast AM - April 26 2013 Trends Research, Gerald Celente C2CAM Today
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 153:34
- Updated: 23 May 2013
Coast to Coast AM April 26 2013 - Coast To Coast AM today - Coast To Coast Am Today Coast To Coast Am this week - C2CAM Today - DisclosureRadio □ Website: ht...
http://wn.com/Coast_To_Coast_AM_April_26_2013_Trends_Research,_Gerald_Celente_C2CAM_Today
Coast to Coast AM April 26 2013 - Coast To Coast AM today - Coast To Coast Am Today Coast To Coast Am this week - C2CAM Today - DisclosureRadio □ Website: ht...
- published: 27 Apr 2013
- views: 21740
- author: C2CAMDAILY2 - MRC2CAM.COM
Qubool Hai - Episode 130 - April 26, 2013
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 20:33
- Updated: 14 May 2013
In the April 26 Episode of Qubool Hai, Rasiya gets annoyed with Tanveer, after she learns about Tanveer's lie of Zoya's death. Zoya breaks into tears, as Asa...
http://wn.com/Qubool_Hai_Episode_130_April_26,_2013
In the April 26 Episode of Qubool Hai, Rasiya gets annoyed with Tanveer, after she learns about Tanveer's lie of Zoya's death. Zoya breaks into tears, as Asa...
- published: 27 Apr 2013
- author: zeetv
This Week at Interior April 26, 2013
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:38
- Updated: 06 May 2013
This week: The First Lady stops by the Department of the Interior, and thanks employees for their hard work during challenging times; Secretary Jewell holds ...
http://wn.com/This_Week_at_Interior_April_26,_2013
This week: The First Lady stops by the Department of the Interior, and thanks employees for their hard work during challenging times; Secretary Jewell holds ...
- published: 26 Apr 2013
- views: 3047
- author: U.S.Department of the Interior
Linus Tech Tips Live Show Archive - April 26, 2013
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 81:30
- Updated: 20 May 2013
Afterparty link: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AKzS5oBZZvs 4:42 Star wars films being released once every summer 26:54 ZTE caves to microsoft and begins to ...
http://wn.com/Linus_Tech_Tips_Live_Show_Archive_April_26,_2013
Afterparty link: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AKzS5oBZZvs 4:42 Star wars films being released once every summer 26:54 ZTE caves to microsoft and begins to ...
- published: 27 Apr 2013
- views: 28403
- author: LinusTechTips
Toby Keith: George Jones tribute @ Stagecoach April 26 2013
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 2:31
- Updated: 12 May 2013
Stagecoach 2013: Toby gives tribute to the Possum with a little "She thinks I still care" & "White Lightning". RIP George Jones.
http://wn.com/Toby_Keith_George_Jones_tribute_@_Stagecoach_April_26_2013
Stagecoach 2013: Toby gives tribute to the Possum with a little "She thinks I still care" & "White Lightning". RIP George Jones.
- published: 30 Apr 2013
- views: 36213
- author: officialtobykeith
Weekend Box Office - April 26-28 2013 - Studio Earnings Report HD
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:04
- Updated: 17 May 2013
Subscribe to TRAILERS: http://bit.ly/sxaw6h Subscribe to COMING SOON: http://bit.ly/H2vZUn Like us on FACEBOOK:http://goo.gl/dHs73. Weekend Box Office - Apri...
http://wn.com/Weekend_Box_Office_April_26-28_2013_Studio_Earnings_Report_HD
Subscribe to TRAILERS: http://bit.ly/sxaw6h Subscribe to COMING SOON: http://bit.ly/H2vZUn Like us on FACEBOOK:http://goo.gl/dHs73. Weekend Box Office - Apri...
- published: 29 Apr 2013
- views: 10083
- author: movieclipsTRAILERS
The Alex Jones Show - Friday, April 26, 2013 (Full Show): Ron Paul, Sibel Edmonds, Syrian Girl
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 186:11
- Updated: 08 May 2013
n the Friday, April 26 broadcast of the Alex Jones Show, Alex continues examination of the perplexing details surrounding the official Boston bombing narrati...
http://wn.com/The_Alex_Jones_Show_Friday,_April_26,_2013_Full_Show_Ron_Paul,_Sibel_Edmonds,_Syrian_Girl
n the Friday, April 26 broadcast of the Alex Jones Show, Alex continues examination of the perplexing details surrounding the official Boston bombing narrati...
- published: 26 Apr 2013
- views: 7262
- author: Project: Liberty Defined
The Alex Jones Show:(2nd HOUR-VIDEO Commercial Free) Friday, April 26 2013:
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 47:28
- Updated: 02 May 2013
Today 4/26/2013 Today's Guest: Ron Paul, Sibel Edmonds and Syrian Girl On the Friday, April 26 broadcast of the Alex Jones Show, Alex continues examination o...
http://wn.com/The_Alex_Jones_Show2nd_HOUR-VIDEO_Commercial_Free_Friday,_April_26_2013
Today 4/26/2013 Today's Guest: Ron Paul, Sibel Edmonds and Syrian Girl On the Friday, April 26 broadcast of the Alex Jones Show, Alex continues examination o...
- published: 26 Apr 2013
- views: 2693
- author: Ron Gibson
Lyndon Larouche's April 26, 2013 Webcast
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 41:42
- Updated: 10 May 2013
Storm Over Asia video: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SSnROcTirEs Lyndon Larouche's April 26, 2013 Webcast... What is the cause behind the recent bombing in ...
http://wn.com/Lyndon_Larouche's_April_26,_2013_Webcast
Storm Over Asia video: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SSnROcTirEs Lyndon Larouche's April 26, 2013 Webcast... What is the cause behind the recent bombing in ...
- published: 27 Apr 2013
- views: 1810
- author: LaRouchesupport - PHYSICAL ECONOMY
Democracy Now! U.S. and World News Headlines for Friday, April 26
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 12:31
- Updated: 30 Apr 2013
Visit http://www.democracynow.org to watch the entire independent, global news hour. This is a summary of news headlines from the United States and around th...
http://wn.com/Democracy_Now!_US_and_World_News_Headlines_for_Friday,_April_26
Visit http://www.democracynow.org to watch the entire independent, global news hour. This is a summary of news headlines from the United States and around th...
- published: 26 Apr 2013
- views: 1235
- author: democracynow
Trucks Gone Wild , Louisiana Mudfest 2013 - April 26-28, 2013
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 1:44
- Updated: 21 May 2013
Louisiana Mud Fest - April 26, 2013 ,April 27, 2013 , April 28, 2013 http://www.LouisianaMudFest.com http://www.TrucksGoneWild.com http://www.HDBroadcaster.c...
http://wn.com/Trucks_Gone_Wild_,_Louisiana_Mudfest_2013_April_26-28,_2013
Louisiana Mud Fest - April 26, 2013 ,April 27, 2013 , April 28, 2013 http://www.LouisianaMudFest.com http://www.TrucksGoneWild.com http://www.HDBroadcaster.c...
- published: 26 Apr 2013
- views: 223387
- author: HDBroadcasterDOTnet
![ANC On The Money: Your Money Questions [April 26, 2013]](http://web.archive.org./web/20130526162917im_/http://i.ytimg.com/vi/RXICqScdgZ4/default.jpg "ANC On The Money: Your Money Questions [April 26, 2013]")
ANC On The Money: Your Money Questions [April 26, 2013]
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 22:00
- Updated: 19 May 2013
Guest: Joe Ferreria President, MoneyDoctors Inc. April 26, 2013.
http://wn.com/ANC_On_The_Money_Your_Money_Questions_April_26,_2013_
Guest: Joe Ferreria President, MoneyDoctors Inc. April 26, 2013.
- published: 03 May 2013
- views: 761
- author: ANCalerts
photo: AP / Bogdan Maran
25 May 2013
There has been a huge increase in anti-Muslim incidents since the murder of a British soldier in Woolwich, an inter-faith charity has said. Faith Matters, which runs a helpline, said they had received more than 150 calls since Wednesday's attack, up from a daily average of six. A number of people have been arrested after allegedly offensive comments were made on social media websites ... 'Significant online activity' ... ....(size: 2.2Kb)
photo: Creative Commons
25 May 2013
LONDON — The streets of Stockholm were quieter late Friday after five consecutive nights of rioting that rocked the Swedish capital and shook the Scandinavian country's self-image as a tolerant, liberal place ... Violence erupted Sunday and escalated the following two or three nights ... Of the 29 people arrested as of Friday afternoon, all but one were young men ages 16 to 26, said Lindgren, who warned that more arrests were likely ... 0....(size: 6.5Kb)
photo: AP / Elias Asmare
26 May 2013
China was thanked yesterday for its massive wave of investment across Africa as the continent's leaders opened extravagant celebrations for the 50th anniversary of the African Union ... Today's 54-member AU is the successor of the Organisation of African Unity (OAU), established in 1963 in the heady days when independence from colonial rule was sweeping the continent ... ....(size: 3.7Kb)
photo: AP / Alastair Grant
24 May 2013
Police in London have arrested a man and a woman in connection with the murder of a British soldier near a military barrack. Detectives said on Thursday they had arrested the unidentified suspects, both aged 29, over the murder of Drummer Lee Rigby, 25, who was hacked to death in Woolwich on Wednesday ... "Many lines of inquiry are being followed by detectives and the investigation is progressing well." ... 824 Source. ... UK....(size: 9.2Kb)
Edit
The Dallas Morning News
26 May 2013
April 18 ... April 19 ... April 3 ... April 12 ... April 22 ... April 24 ... April 22 ... April 25 ... April 25 ... April 19 ... April 22 ... April 18 ... April 25 ... April 18 ... April 26 ... April 22 ... April 22 ... April 24 ... April 25 ... April 11 ... April 11 ... April 15 ... April 16 ... April 19 ... April 18 ... April 17 ... April 22 ... April 23 ... April 25 ... April 12 ... April 19 ... April 24 ... April 25 ... April 19 ... April 11 ... April 24 ... April 12 ... April 19 ... April 26 ... April 25 ... April 24 ... April 24 ... April 25 ... April 26 ... April 26 ... April 26 ... April 26 ... April 26....(size: 9.2Kb)
Edit
The Examiner
26 May 2013
Ryan Miller celebrates victory after making the final save in the shootout in a 2-1 shootout victory over the New York Islanders in his 500th NHL game on April 26, 2013 ... Buffalo SabresIt was a disappointing season, but the Buffalo Sabres were able to finish it on a positive note with a 2-1 shootout victory over the New York Islanders on Friday, April 26.The Sabres outshot the Islanders 10-9......(size: 3.8Kb)
Edit
Denver Post
26 May 2013
In this Friday, April 26, 2013 photo, Rabbi Pinchas Herman inspects machinery used for enzyme production for kosher products at Novozymes North America Inc., in Franklinton, N.C ... The dietary laws predominantly deal with three In this Friday, April 26, 2013 photo, Rabbi Pinchas Herman responds during an interview at Novozymes North America Inc....(size: 7.2Kb)
Edit
CNTV
26 May 2013
TOKYO, May 26 (Xinhua) -- Japanese airline All Nippon Airways Co ... A Boeing 787 ran by ANA with 218 passengers left New Chitose Airport in north Japan after 5 p.m ... aviation authorities gave green light for the Boeing 787s to resume service on April 26 ... Related stories....(size: 1.3Kb)
Edit
noodls
26 May 2013
Following wins over the Pelicans in both ends of a twinbill, Wilmington is back to .500 for the first time since April 23, when the Blue Crew fell to 9-9 after an 8-1 loss to the Salem Red Sox. Although the Blue Crew still remain in fourth place (a position they have occupied since April 26), the team has a chance to exit on Sunday with a victory, and some help....(size: 8.3Kb)
Edit
Huffington Post
26 May 2013
NOTES ... ... ... ... ... ... CHICAGO, IL - APRIL 26. Conor Gillaspie #12 of the Chicago White Sox dives for a hit off the bat of Evan Longoria #3 of the Tampa Bay Rays during the eighth inning on April 26, 2013 at U.S ... CHICAGO, IL - APRIL 25. Adam Dunn #32 of the Chicago White Sox hits a two-run homer during the sixth inning against the Tampa Bay Rays on April 25, 2013 at U.S ... CHICAGO, IL - APRIL 24 ... Cellular Field on April 24, 2013 in Chicago, Illinois ... ....(size: 8.6Kb)
Edit
North Jersey
26 May 2013
Nearly three weeks after the School District completed its investigation into an April 24 pellet-gun incident at Glenfield Middle School, Montclair teachers are hoping for a second. Gayl Shepard ... Another piece of the puzzle. The Times, through the Open Public Records Act, has been able to obtain the call placed by Miller to the Police Department on Friday, April 26 - two days after a student brought a pellet gun into Glenfield School ... ....(size: 2.6Kb)
Edit
noodls
26 May 2013
(Source. Detroit Tigers). DETROIT -- Ask members of the 1968 Tigers which current Detroit pitcher they enjoy watching, and Justin Verlander is universally mentioned ... "And I love the bulldog attitude that [Max] Scherzer has ... He had things to do April 26, the night Sanchez started racking up strikeouts through the innings on his way to No ... distributed by ... It was distributed, unedited and unaltered, by noodls on 2013-05-26 14.48.13 CET....(size: 3.2Kb)
Edit
Sun Star
26 May 2013
HUNGER and lack of communication with his family prompted a member of the New People’s Army (NPA) to lay down his arms and yield to the government on Saturday ... “Mi-ambak siya (Cadavido) for reasons of lack of food and lack of communication with his family ... “No one incited him to surrender ... As of April 26, the army tallied eight high-powered and eight low-powered firearms recovered from 26 government-initiated encounters ... ....(size: 3.0Kb)
Edit
noodls
26 May 2013
(Source. MLB - Major League Baseball). DETROIT -- Ask members of the 1968 Tigers which current Detroit pitcher they enjoy watching, and Justin Verlander is universally mentioned ... "And I love the bulldog attitude that [Max] Scherzer has ... He had things to do April 26, the night Sanchez started racking up strikeouts through the innings on his way to No ... It was distributed, unedited and unaltered, by noodls on 2013-05-26 01.47.41 CET....(size: 3.2Kb)
Edit
New Straits/Business Times
26 May 2013
GEORGETOWN ... He refuted a claim that there was a minor landslide at the site on Friday following the stop-work order ... MPPP engineering department director Addnan Mohd Razali said the order was issued to the owner on April 26 and "the hill clearing works are unauthorised and illegal.". ....(size: 1.4Kb)
Edit
noodls
26 May 2013
(Source. Detroit Tigers) Sanchez gains attention of Tigers greats. DETROIT -- Ask members of the 1968 Tigers which current Detroit pitcher they enjoy watching, and Justin Verlander is universally mentioned ... It's understandable ... He had things to do April 26, the night Sanchez started racking up strikeouts through the innings on his way to No ... It was distributed, unedited and unaltered, by noodls on 2013-05-26 14.48.20 CET ... (noodl....(size: 3.2Kb)
| << | April 2012 | >> | ||||
| Su | Mo | Tu | We | Th | Fr | Sa |
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 |
| 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 |
| 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 |
| 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 |
| 29 | 30 | |||||
| MMXII | ||||||
| April 26 in recent years |
| 2012 (Thursday) |
| 2011 (Tuesday) |
| 2010 (Monday) |
| 2009 (Sunday) |
| 2008 (Saturday) |
| 2007 (Thursday) |
| 2006 (Wednesday) |
| 2005 (Tuesday) |
| 2004 (Monday) |
| 2003 (Saturday) |
April 26 is the 116th day of the year (117th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. There are 249 days remaining until the end of the year.
Contents |
Events[link]
- 1336 – Francesco Petrarca (Petrarch) ascends Mont Ventoux.
- 1478 – The Pazzi attack Lorenzo de' Medici and kill his brother Giuliano during High Mass in the Duomo of Florence.
- 1564 – Playwright William Shakespeare was baptized in Stratford-upon-Avon, Warwickshire, England (date of actual birth is unknown).
- 1607 – English colonists make landfall at Cape Henry, Virginia.
- 1802 – Napoleon Bonaparte signs a general amnesty to allow all but about one thousand of the most notorious émigrés of the French Revolution to return to France, as part of a reconciliary gesture with the factions of the Ancien Regime and to eventually consolidate his own rule.
- 1803 – Thousands of meteor fragments fall from the skies of L'Aigle, France; the event convinces European science that meteors exist.
- 1805 – First Barbary War: United States Marines captured Derne under the command of First Lieutenant Presley O'Bannon.
- 1865 – American Civil War: Confederate General Joseph E. Johnston surrenders his army to General William Tecumseh Sherman at the Bennett Place near Durham, North Carolina. Also the date of Confederate Memorial Day for most states.
- 1865 – Union cavalry troopers corner and shoot dead John Wilkes Booth, assassin of President Lincoln, in Virginia.
- 1923 – The Duke of York weds Lady Elizabeth Bowes-Lyon at Westminster Abbey.
- 1925 – Paul von Hindenburg defeats Wilhelm Marx in the second round of the German presidential election to become the first directly elected head of state of the Weimar Republic.
- 1933 – The Gestapo, the official secret police force of Nazi Germany, is established.
- 1937 – Spanish Civil War: Guernica (or Gernika in Basque), Spain is bombed by German Luftwaffe.
- 1942 – Benxihu Colliery accident in Manchukuo leaves 1549 Chinese miners dead.
- 1944 – Georgios Papandreou becomes head of the Greek government-in-exile based in Egypt.
- 1944 – Heinrich Kreipe is captured by Allied commandos in occupied-Crete.
- 1945 – World War II: Battle of Bautzen – last successful German tank-offensive of the war and last noteworthy victory of the Wehrmacht.
- 1945 – World War II: Filipino troops of the 66th Infantry Regiment, Philippine Commonwealth Army, USAFIP-NL and the American troops of the 33rd and 37th Infantry Division, United States Army was liberated in Baguio City and they fought against the Japanese forces under by General Tomoyuki Yamashita.
- 1946 – Naperville train disaster kills 47.
- 1954 – The Geneva Conference, an effort to restore peace in Indochina and Korea, begins.
- 1956 – SS Ideal X, the world's first successful container ship, leaves Port Newark, New Jersey for Houston, Texas.
- 1958 – Final run of the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad's Royal Blue from Washington, D.C., to New York City after 68 years, the first U.S. passenger train to use electric locomotives.
- 1960 – Forced out by the April Revolution, President of South Korea Syngman Rhee resigns after twelve years of dictatorial rule.
- 1962 – NASA's Ranger 4 spacecraft crashes into the Moon.
- 1963 – In Libya, amendments to the constitution transform Libya (United Kingdom of Libya) into one national unity (Kingdom of Libya) and allows for female participation in elections.
- 1964 – Tanganyika and Zanzibar merge to form Tanzania.
- 1965 – A Rolling Stones concert in London, Ontario is shut down by police after 15 minutes due to rioting.
- 1966 – An earthquake of magnitude 7.5 destroys Tashkent.
- 1966 – A new government is formed in the Republic of Congo, led by Ambroise Noumazalaye.
- 1970 – The Convention Establishing the World Intellectual Property Organization enters into force.
- 1981 – Dr. Michael R. Harrison of the University of California, San Francisco Medical Center performs the world's first human open fetal surgery.
- 1982 – 57 people are killed by former police officer Woo Bum-kon in a shooting spree in Gyeongsangnam-do, South Korea.
- 1986 – A nuclear reactor accident occurs at the Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant in the Soviet Union (now Ukraine), creating the world's worst nuclear disaster.
- 1989 – The deadliest tornado in world history strikes Central Bangladesh, killing upwards of 1,300, injuring 12,000, and leaving as many as 80,000 homeless.
- 1989 – People's Daily publishes the People's Daily editorial of April 26 which inflames the nascent Tiananmen Square protests
- 1991 – Seventy tornadoes break out in the central United States. Before the outbreak's end, Andover, Kansas, would record the year's only F5 tornado (see Andover, Kansas Tornado Outbreak).
- 1994 – China Airlines flight 140 crashes at Nagoya Airport in Japan, killing 264 of the 271 people on board.
- 2002 – Robert Steinhäuser infiltrates and kills 16 at Gutenberg-Gymnasium in Erfurt, Germany before dying of a self-inflicted gunshot.
- 2005 – Under international pressure, Syria withdraws the last of its 14,000 troop military garrison in Lebanon, ending its 29-year military domination of that country ( Syrian occupation of Lebanon ).
Births[link]
- 121 – Marcus Aurelius, Roman Emperor (d. 180)
- 570 – Muhammad, Muslim prophet, founder of Islam (d. 632)
- 1538 – Gian Paolo Lomazzo, Italian painter (d. 1600)
- 1575 – Marie de' Medici, wife of Henry IV of France (d. 1642)
- 1648 – Peter II of Portugal (d. 1706)
- 1697 – Adam Falckenhagen, German lutenist and composer (d. 1754)
- 1710 – Thomas Reid, English philosopher (d. 1796)
- 1718 – Esek Hopkins, American navy commander (d. 1802)
- 1774 – Christian Leopold von Buch, German geologist (d. 1853)
- 1782 – Maria Amalia of Naples and Sicily (d. 1866)
- 1785 – John James Audubon, French-American naturalist and illustrator (d. 1851)
- 1787 – Ludwig Uhland, German poet (d. 1862)
- 1798 – Eugène Delacroix, French painter (d. 1863)
- 1801 – Ambrose Dudley Mann, American diplomat (d. 1889)
- 1804 – Charles Goodyear, American politician (d. 1876)
- 1812 – Alfred Krupp, German industrialist (d. 1887)
- 1822 – Frederick Law Olmsted, American journalist, social critic, public administrator, and landscape designer (d. 1903)
- 1826 – George Hull Ward, American general (d. 1863)
- 1826 – Ambrose R. Wright, American General (d. 1872)
- 1834 – Charles Farrar Browne, American writer (d. 1867)
- 1856 – Joseph Ward, New Zealand politician, 17th Prime Minister of New Zealand (d. 1930)
- 1862 – Edmund C. Tarbell, American artist (d. 1938)
- 1878 – Rafael Guízar Valencia, Mexican Catholic bishop (d. 1938)
- 1879 – Owen Willans Richardson, English physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1959)
- 1886 – Ma Rainey, American singer (d. 1939)
- 1886 – Gabdulla Tuqay, Tatar poet (d. 1913)
- 1888 – Anita Loos, American writer (d. 1981)
- 1889 – Ludwig Wittgenstein, Austrian philosopher (d. 1951)
- 1894 – Rudolf Hess, German Nazi politician and deputy (d. 1987)
- 1896 – Ernst Udet, German pilot (d. 1941)
- 1897 – Eddie Eagan, American athlete (d. 1967)
- 1897 – Douglas Sirk, German director (d. 1987)
- 1898 – Vicente Aleixandre, Spanish writer, Nobel laureate (d. 1984)
- 1898 – John Grierson, English filmmaker (d. 1972)
- 1900 – Charles Richter, American geophysicist (d. 1985)
- 1900 – Hack Wilson, American baseball player (d. 1948)
- 1904 – Paul-Émile Léger, Canadian cardinal and archbishop (d. 1991)
- 1910 – Tomoyuki Tanaka, Japanese movie producer (d. 1997)
- 1911 – Marianne Hoppe, German actress (d. 2002)
- 1912 – A. E. van Vogt, Canadian writer (d. 2000)
- 1914 – Bernard Malamud, American author (d. 1986)
- 1914 – James Rouse, American real estate developer, urban planner, activist, and philanthropist, founder of The Rouse Company (d. 1996)
- 1914 – Charlie Chester, English comedian (d. 1997)
- 1916 – Morris West, Australian writer (d. 1999)
- 1916 – Vic Perrin, American actor (d. 1989)
- 1916 – George Tuska, American illustrator (d. 2009)
- 1917 – Sal Maglie, American baseball player (d. 1992)
- 1917 – I.M. Pei, Chinese architect
- 1918 – Fanny Blankers-Koen, Dutch athlete (d. 2004)
- 1918 – Stafford Repp, American actor (d. 1974)
- 1922 – Jeanne Sauvé, Canadian politician (d. 1993)
- 1924 – Browning Ross, American long-distance runner (d. 1998)
- 1925 – Jørgen Ingmann, Danish jazz musician
- 1926 – David Coleman, English sports commentator and television presenter
- 1926 – Michael Mathias Prechtl, German illustrator (d. 2003)
- 1927 – Jack Douglas, English actor (d. 2008)
- 1929 – Richard Mitchell, American author and professor (d. 2002)
- 1930 – Roger Moens, Belgian athlete
- 1932 – Francis Lai, French composer
- 1932 – Michael Smith, English chemist, Nobel laureate (d. 2000)
- 1932 – Israr Ahmed, Pakistani theologian (d. 2010)
- 1933 – Carol Burnett, American comedian
- 1933 – Arno Allan Penzias, German physicist, Nobel laureate
- 1933 – Filiberto Ojeda Ríos, Puerto Rican activist (d. 2005)
- 1938 – Duane Eddy, American guitarist and actor
- 1938 – Wolf Kahler, German actor
- 1940 – Giorgio Moroder, Italian composer
- 1940 – Cliff Watson, English rugby player
- 1941 – Claudine Clark, American singer and composer
- 1941 – John Mitchell, American composer
- 1942 – Claudine Auger, French actress
- 1942 – Sharon Carstairs, Canadian politician
- 1942 – Michael Kergin, Canadian diplomat
- 1942 – Bobby Rydell, American singer, drummer, and actor
- 1942 – Jadwiga Staniszkis, Polish sociologist
- 1943 – Gary Wright, American singer, musician, and producer (Spooky Tooth)
- 1943 – Peter Zumthor, Swiss architect
- 1944 – Amien Rais, Indonesian politician
- 1945 – Sylvain Simard, Canadian politician
- 1947 – Warren Clarke, English actor
- 1949 – Carlos Bianchi, Argentinian footballer
- 1949 – Jerry Blackwell, American wrestler (d. 1995)
- 1949 – Dominic Sena, American director
- 1952 – Spice Williams-Crosby, American actress
- 1953 – Nancy Lenehan, American actress
- 1954 – Alan Hinkes, English mountaineer
- 1955 – Kurt Bodewig, German politician
- 1955 – Mike Scott, American baseball player
- 1956 – Koo Stark, American actress
- 1957 – Michel Barrette, Canadian comedian and actor
- 1958 – John Crichton-Stuart, 7th Marquess of Bute, Scottish peer and race car driver
- 1958 – Giancarlo Esposito, American actor
- 1958 – Jeffrey Guterman, American mental health counselor, educator, and author
- 1958 – Georgios Kostikos, Greek footballer
- 1959 – John Corabi, American singer and musician (Mötley Crüe, Angora, The Scream, Union, and Brides of Destruction)
- 1959 – Thanassis Papakonstantinou, Greek singer-songwriter and musician
- 1960 – Roger Taylor, English musician (Duran Duran and Arcadia)
- 1960 – Steve Lombardozzi, American baseball player
- 1961 – Joan Chen, Chinese actress
- 1961 – Anthony Cumia, American radio personality
- 1961 – Chris Mars, American singer-songwriter, musician, and producer (The Replacements and Golden Smog)
- 1962 – Colin Anderson, English footballer
- 1962 – Michael Damian, American actor, singer and producer
- 1962 – Debra Wilson, American actress and comedian
- 1963 – Jet Li, Chinese martial artist and actor
- 1963 – Colin Scotts, Australian-American football player
- 1965 – Kevin James, American actor
- 1966 – Yoshihiro Togashi, Japanese manga artist
- 1967 – Marianne Jean-Baptiste, English actress
- 1967 – Kane, American wrestler
- 1969 – Teresa Lewis, American murderer (d. 2010)
- 1970 – Melania Trump, Slovenian model
- 1970 – Tionne Watkins, American singer (TLC)
- 1971 – Shondrella Avery, American actress
- 1971 – Jay DeMarcus, American bassist (Rascal Flatts and East to West)
- 1972 – Jason Bargwanna, Australian race car driver
- 1972 – Kiko Narváez, Spanish footballer
- 1972 – Avi Nimni, Israeli Footballer
- 1973 – Geoff Blum, American baseball player
- 1973 – Chris Perry, English footballer
- 1974 – Ivana Milicevic, Croatian-American actress
- 1974 – Adil Ray, British radio presenter
- 1975 – Joey Jordison, American musician, songwriter, and producer (Slipknot and Murderdolls)
- 1975 – Nerina Pallot, English singer-songwriter
- 1976 – Luigi Panarelli, Italian footballer
- 1976 – Václav Varada, Czech ice hockey player
- 1977 – Jason Earles, American actor
- 1977 – Kosuke Fukudome, Japanese baseball player
- 1977 – Chris Johnston, Irish rugby player
- 1977 – Tom Welling, American actor
- 1977 – Roxana Saberi, American journalist
- 1978 – Avant, American singer-songwriter
- 1978 – Joe Crede, American baseball player
- 1978 – Peter Madsen, Danish footballer
- 1978 – Tyler Labine, Canadian actor
- 1978 – Stana Katic, Canadian actress
- 1979 – Ariane Moffatt, Canadian singer-songwriter and musician
- 1979 – Janne Wirman, Finnish musician (Children of Bodom, Warmen, and Masterplan)
- 1980 – Jordana Brewster, American actress
- 1980 – Marlon King, Jamaican footballer
- 1980 – Anna Mucha, Polish actress
- 1980 – Channing Tatum, American actor
- 1980 – Marnette Patterson, American actress
- 1981 – Matthieu Delpierre, French footballer
- 1981 – Ms. Dynamite, English singer-songwriter and rapper
- 1981 – Sandra Schmitt, German skier (d. 2000)
- 1982 – Joanne Gobure, Nauruan poet
- 1982 – Brock Gillespie, American basketball player
- 1982 – Jon Lee, English singer and actor (S Club)
- 1982 – Cooper Wallace, American football player
- 1983 – José María López, Argentine race car driver
- 1983 – Jessica Lynch, American army private
- 1985 – John Isner, American tennis player
- 1985 – Nam Gyu-Ri, Korean singer and actress (See Ya)
- 1986 – Lior Refaelov, Israeli Footballer
- 1986 – Jessica Lynch, American army private
- 1987 – Coke, Spanish footballer
- 1987 – Jessica Lee Rose, American-New Zealand actress
- 1988 – Kimber James, American porn actress
- 1989 – Daesung, South Korean singer-songwriter, and actor (Big Bang)
- 1991 – Ignacio Lores Varela, Uruguayan footballer
- 1992 – Danielle Hope, English actress and singer
Deaths[link]
- 499 – Xiao Wen Di, Chinese emperor (b. 467)
- 1192 – Emperor Go-Shirakawa of Japan (b. 1127)
- 1444 – Robert Campin, Flemish painter (b. 1378)
- 1476 – Simonetta Vespucci, Italian Renaissance noblewoman (b. 1453)
- 1478 – Giuliano de' Medici, ruler of Florence (b. 1453)
- 1489 – Ashikaga Yoshihisa, Japanese 9th shogun (b. 1465)
- 1716 – John Somers, 1st Baron Somers, English jurist and statesman (b. 1651)
- 1784 – Nano Nagle, Irish nun, founded the Presentation Sisters (b. 1718)
- 1789 – Count Petr Ivanovich Panin, Russian soldier (b. 1721)
- 1852 – Charles Athanase Walckenaer, French naturalist (b. 1771)
- 1865 – John Wilkes Booth, American actor, assassin of Abraham Lincoln (b. 1838)
- 1881 – Ludwig Freiherr von und zu der Tann-Rathsamhausen, German general (b. 1815)
- 1892 – Provo Wallis, English Admiral (b. 1791)
- 1910 – Bjørnstjerne Bjørnson, Norwegian author, Nobel laureate (b. 1832)
- 1915 – John Bunny, American actor (b. 1863)
- 1920 – Srinivasa Ramanujan, Indian mathematician (b. 1887)
- 1932 – William Lockwood, English cricketer (b. 1868)
- 1936 – Tammany Young, American actor (b. 1886)
- 1938 – Edmund Husserl, Austrian philosopher (b. 1859)
- 1940 – Carl Bosch, German chemist, Nobel laureate (b. 1874)
- 1944 – Violette Morris, French athlete (b. 1893)
- 1945 – Pavlo Skoropadsky, Ukrainian politician and general (b. 1871)
- 1945 – Sigmund Rascher, German SS doctor (b. 1909)
- 1946 – James Larkin White, American miner, explorer, and park ranger, discoverer of Carlsbad Caverns (b. 1882)
- 1950 – G. Murray Hulbert, American politician (b. 1881)
- 1951 – Arnold Sommerfeld, German physicist (b. 1868)
- 1956 – Edward Arnold, American actor (b. 1890)
- 1957 – Gichin Funakoshi, Japanese creator of karate (b. 1868)
- 1964 – E. J. Pratt, Canadian poet (b. 1882)
- 1968 – John Heartfield, German artist (b. 1891)
- 1969 – Morihei Ueshiba, Japanese martial artist and founder of aikido (b. 1883)
- 1970 – Erik Bergman, Swedish minister (b. 1886)
- 1970 – Gypsy Rose Lee, American actress (b. 1911)
- 1972 – Fernando Amorsolo, Filipino painter (b. 1892)
- 1973 – Irene Ryan, American actress (b. 1902)
- 1976 – Sid James, South African comedian (b. 1913)
- 1980 – Cicely Courtneidge, English actress and comedian (b. 1893)
- 1981 – Jim Davis, American actor (b. 1909)
- 1984 – Count Basie, American jazz musician, bandleader, and composer (b. 1904)
- 1986 – Broderick Crawford, American actor (b. 1911)
- 1986 – Dechko Uzunov, Bulgarian painter (b. 1899)
- 1986 – Bessie Love, American actress (b. 1898)
- 1987 – John Silkin, British politician (b. 1923)
- 1987 – Shankar, Indian composer (b. 1922)
- 1989 – Lucille Ball, American actress and comedian (b. 1911)
- 1991 – Leo Arnaud, French-American composer (b. 1904)
- 1991 – Carmine Coppola, American composer and conductor (b. 1910)
- 1991 – Emily McLaughlin, American actress (b. 1928)
- 1991 – Richard Hatfield, Canadian politician (b. 1931)
- 1994 – Masutatsu Oyama, Japanese karate master (b. 1927)
- 1996 – Stirling Silliphant, American writer and producer (b. 1918)
- 1999 – Adrian Borland, English singer-songwriter, musician, and producer (The Sound and The Outsiders) (b. 1957)
- 1999 – Jill Dando, English journalist (b. 1961)
- 2002 – Robert Steinhäuser German murderer, committed the Erfurt massacre (b. 1983)
- 2003 – Rosemary Brown, Canadian politician (b. 1930)
- 2003 – Edward Max Nicholson, Irish environmentalist, founder of the World Wide Fund for Nature (b. 1904)
- 2003 – Peter Stone, American writer (b. 1930)
- 2004 – Hubert Selby Jr., American author (b. 1928)
- 2005 – Mason Adams, American actor (b. 1919)
- 2005 – Maria Schell, Swiss-Austrian actress (b. 1926)
- 2005 – Augusto Roa Bastos, Paraguayan author (b. 1917)
- 2007 – Jack Valenti, American political advisor and film executive (b. 1921)
- 2009 – Hans Holzer, American paranormal researcher (b. 1920)
- 2010 – Urs Felber, Swiss industrialist (b. 1942)
- 2011 – Phoebe Snow, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (Sisters of Glory) (b. 1950)
Holidays and observances[link]
- Christian Feast Day:
- Confederate Memorial Day (States of Florida and Georgia)
- Day of Remembrance of the Chernobyl tragedy (Belarus)
- Union Day (Tanzania)
- Vallenato Legend Festival usually begins on this day. (Valledupar, Colombia)
- World Intellectual Property Day (International)
External links[link]
 |
Wikimedia Commons has media related to: April 26 |
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
http://wn.com/April_26
This page contains text from Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/April_26
This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, which means that you can copy and modify it as long as the entire work (including additions) remains under this license.
This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, which means that you can copy and modify it as long as the entire work (including additions) remains under this license.
This article is about the professional wrestler. For other uses, see Undertaker (disambiguation).
| The Undertaker | |
|---|---|
 |
|
| Ring name(s) | (The) Undertaker Kane the Undertaker[1] "Mean" Mark Callous[2] Punisher Dice Morgan[2] The Punisher[2] Texas Red[2] The Master of Pain[2] |
| Billed height | 6 ft 10 in (2.08 m)[3] |
| Billed weight | 299 lb (136 kg)[3] |
| Born | (1965-03-24) March 24, 1965 (age 47)[4] Houston, Texas |
| Resides | Austin, Texas |
| Billed from | Death Valley[3] |
| Trained by | Don Jardine[5] |
| Debut | 1984[6] |
Mark William Calaway (born March 24, 1965)[4] is an American professional wrestler better known by his ring name The Undertaker. He is signed to WWE and is the company's most tenured competitor. Calaway began his wrestling career with World Class Championship Wrestling (WCCW) in 1984. He joined World Championship Wrestling (WCW) as "Mean" Mark Callous in 1989. When WCW did not renew Calaway's contract in 1990, he signed with the World Wrestling Federation in October and, after shortening his name from Kane the Undertaker to simply The Undertaker, has remained with the company since.
The Undertaker has two contrasting personas. The first is the role of The Deadman, an undead, occult-like figure, which has consisted of many different styles. He debuted his original Deadman persona during his own on-camera debut at Survivor Series (1990). At this event, the Undertaker was clad as a Western mortician. Next, in October of 1998, the Undertaker appeared as the leader of the Ministry of Darkness (with similar apparel). Since WrestleMania XX, the Undertaker has appeared as a hybrid version of the Deadman character, using elements of the previous Deadman incarnations.
His other persona has been that of The American Bad-Ass, a biker, which he portrayed from May 2000 through November 2003. The Undertaker is also associated with various specialty matches: the Casket match, the Buried Alive match, the Hell in a Cell and the Last Ride match. An important part of the character is the Undertaker character's half-brother Kane, who has also played an important role in The Undertaker's character development. Kane was introduced in 1997, and has both feuded with The Undertaker and performed in a tag-team with him as the Brothers of Destruction.
The Undertaker holds an unrivaled record of being undefeated at WrestleMania, WWE's premier pay-per-view event, with a 20–0 record. Among other accolades, Calaway is an eight-time World Champion having won the WWF/E Championship four times and the World Heavyweight Championship three times as The Undertaker, and the USWA Unified World Heavyweight Championship once under the Master of Pain character. The Undertaker is also a seven-time World Tag Team champion: a six-time WWF Tag Team Champion and one-time WCW Tag Team Champion. The Undertaker was the winner of the 2007 Royal Rumble and became the first man to enter the annual event last and win. Calaway is the only remaining WWE wrestler to have also appeared on the first episode of its Raw television program.
Professional wrestling career[link]
Early career (1984–1989)[link]
Calaway made his debut in 1984 for World Class Championship Wrestling under the ring name "Texas Red".[6] He wrestled and lost his first match against Bruiser Brody.[6] In 1988, after four years in the promotion, he left and joined the Continental Wrestling Association (which became the United States Wrestling Association after Jerry Jarrett merged CWA with WCCW), wrestling under several gimmicks. On April 1, 1989, he was booked to win his first professional wrestling title, the USWA Unified World Heavyweight Championship, defeating Jerry "The King" Lawler, under the stage name "The Master of Pain". While performing as "The Punisher", Calaway won the WCWA Texas Heavyweight Championship on October 5, 1989 when Eric Embry forfeited the title.[7]
World Championship Wrestling (1989–1990)[link]
In 1989, Calaway joined World Championship Wrestling as a villain and adopted the ring name Mean Mark Callous, a name devised for him by Terry Funk.[8] He was portrayed as a morbid character; he wore predominantly black ring attire, and was described by announcer Jim Ross as having a fondness for pet snakes, and the music of Ozzy Osbourne.[9] Callous was promptly drafted into the Skyscrapers tag team to replace an injured Sid Vicious. The new team gained some notoriety at Clash Of The Champions X when they beat down The Road Warriors after their match.[10] However Callous' partner Dan Spivey left WCW days before their Chicago Street Fight against the Warriors at WrestleWar 1990. Callous and a replacement masked Skyscraper went down to defeat in the Street Fight and the team broke up soon afterwards.[11] As he went into singles competition, Callous took on the guidance of Paul E. Dangerously and defeated Johnny Ace at Capital Combat and defeated Brian Pillman at the Clash of the Champions. In July 1990, he wrestled against Lex Luger for the NWA United States Heavyweight Championship at The Great American Bash, but was pinned by Luger. WCW declined to renew Calaway's contract.
Calaway then briefly wrestled in New Japan Pro Wrestling as Punisher Dice Morgan. After leaving, he briefly returned to the USWA to participate in a tournament to determine the new USWA Unified World Heavyweight Champion; he defeated Bill Dundee in the first round, but lost to Jerry Lawler in the quarterfinals. In October 1990, he signed with the World Wrestling Federation (WWF).
World Wrestling Federation/Entertainment[link]
Debut and various feuds (1990–1994)[link]
Calaway made his WWF debut as "Kane the Undertaker"[1] at a taping of WWF Superstars on November 19, 1990.[12] It should be noted, however, that the concept of The Undertaker character was not presented to Calaway until after he signed with Vince McMahon. The appearance of The Undertaker's first Deadman persona was modeled after a mortician from old Western movies, wearing a trench coat and black hat with grey gloves and boot covers. Under this Deadman persona, he was portrayed as impervious to pain, something accomplished by Calaway no-selling his opponents' attacks. Calaway made his official on-camera debut on November 22 at Survivor Series as a heel when he was the mystery partner of Ted DiBiase's Million Dollar team, where he was called Kane the Undertaker.[13] Approximately one minute into the match, The Undertaker eliminated Koko B. Ware with his finisher, the Tombstone Piledriver. He also eliminated Dusty Rhodes before being counted out. The commentary team for the event referred to him as The Undertaker, neglecting the Kane name. Shortly after Survivor Series, "Kane" was dropped from his name, and he was called simply The Undertaker. It was at this time that The Undertaker switched managers from Brother Love to Paul Bearer — a histrionic, ghostly character, almost always seen bearing an urn from which The Undertaker was said to draw mystical power, reviving his strength during his matches. During his heel run, Undertaker would place his defeated opponents (almost always jobbers) in a bodybag and carry them to the back.[14]
He made his WrestleMania debut at WrestleMania VII, quickly defeating "Superfly" Jimmy Snuka.[15] The win was the first in his undefeated streak at the event. He began his first major feud with The Ultimate Warrior, when he attacked the Warrior and locked him in an airtight casket on the set of his manager, Paul Bearer's Funeral Parlor interview segment. After a year of battles with the Warrior, Randy Savage,[13] Sid Justice, Sgt. Slaughter, and Hulk Hogan, he defeated Hogan to win his first WWF Championship at Survivor Series with the help of Ric Flair, and thus became the youngest WWF Champion in history until having this record broken by Yokozuna in 1993.[16] WWF President Jack Tunney ordered a rematch for This Tuesday in Texas six days later, where The Undertaker lost the title back to Hogan.[16]
In February 1992, The Undertaker's ally Jake "The Snake" Roberts tried to attack Randy Savage's manager/wife Miss Elizabeth with a steel chair when The Undertaker stopped him, becoming a fan favorite for the first time. Then, Undertaker defeated Roberts at WrestleMania VIII, continuing his winning streak at the event.[15] He then feuded extensively with wrestlers managed by Harvey Wippleman throughout 1992 and 1993, such as Kamala, Giant González and Yokozuna. Also in this time he headlined the first episode of Monday Night Raw on January 11, 1993 with a victory over Damien Demento.[17] He faced González at WrestleMania IX, which is notable as Undertaker's only disqualification win at WrestleMania after the use of chloroform. His rivalry with Yokozuna culminated in a WWF Championship casket match at the 1994 Royal Rumble. During the match, champion Yokozuna sealed The Undertaker in the casket with the assistance of several other villainous wrestlers to win the match. The Undertaker appeared from inside the casket on the video screen, representing his spirit, warning that he would return.[18]
Return; various storylines (1994–1997)[link]
After WrestleMania X, Ted DiBiase introduced an Undertaker back to the WWF. This Undertaker, however, played by Brian Lee, was an impostor Undertaker (dubbed the "Underfaker" by fans) and led to the return of the real Undertaker in the SummerSlam main event, appearing as a new version of his original Deadman persona, replacing grey with purple. The Undertaker defeated the impostor after three Tombstone Piledrivers.[18] At Survivor Series, The Undertaker defeated Yokozuna in a rematch, another casket match. Throughout most of 1995, The Undertaker feuded with members of Ted DiBiase's Million Dollar Corporation. At WrestleMania XI, while Undertaker was facing King Kong Bundy, Kama stole The Undertaker's urn, and antagonized him by melting it into a large gold necklace and attacking the Undertaker.[18] Later, The Undertaker defeated Kama in a casket match at SummerSlam.[18] Several weeks later, The Undertaker injured his orbital bone near his eye, forcing a period of absence for surgery, until his return at Survivor Series.
The Undertaker returned at the 1995 Survivor Series, wearing a Phantom of the Opera-like, grey upper mask.[18] In the main event of the 1996 Royal Rumble, The Undertaker was unmasked in a WWF Championship match against Bret Hart, when Diesel interfered in the match to cost the Undertaker the championship.[19] A rematch for the title on the February 5 episode of Raw saw similar interference.[20] At that month's In Your House: Rage in the Cage, while Diesel was facing Hart in a steel cage match, The Undertaker burst through the ring and dragged Diesel underneath which allowed Hart to get the victory.[19] This feud culminated in a match between Diesel and the Undertaker at WrestleMania XII, in which The Undertaker was victorious.[15]
His next feud commenced the very next night, when Mankind made his debut, interfering in The Undertaker's match with Justin Hawk Bradshaw. For the next few months, Mankind ambushed and cost The Undertaker several matches.[19] The feud intensified, and they began taking their battles into crowds, backstage areas, and in the boiler rooms of different arenas. Mankind cost the Undertaker the WWF Intercontinental Championship at In Your House 8: Beware of Dog, assisting champion Goldust to victory. As a result, the first ever Boiler Room Brawl was booked between the two at SummerSlam. During the match, when Undertaker reached for Paul Bearer's urn, Bearer hit him with it, betraying The Undertaker and allowing Mankind to "incapacitate" The Undertaker with the Mandible claw, giving him the win.[19] After Bearer's betrayal, The Undertaker took his rivalry with Mankind to a new level, resulting in a Buried Alive match in the main event of In Your House: Buried Alive. The Undertaker won the match after a chokeslam into the open grave, but after interference from The Executioner, as well as the help of several other superstars, The Undertaker was ultimately "Buried Alive".[19]
After being buried alive, The Undertaker returned at the Survivor Series again pitting him against Mankind, but with a unique stipulation; hanging 20 ft (6.1 m) above the ring was Paul Bearer, enclosed in a steel cage. If Undertaker won the match, he would be able to get his hands on Bearer. Even though The Undertaker won the match, interference from The Executioner enabled Bearer to escape The Undertaker's clutches.[21] The Undertaker then briefly turned his attention to The Executioner, who had become a thorn in his side since his arrival and had helped bury him alive in the eponymous match. At In Your House: It's Time, The Undertaker defeated The Executioner in an Armageddon rules match.[21] He then moved onto a feud Vader. They met at the 1997 Royal Rumble in a singles match, where Undertaker lost after Bearer interfered on behalf of his new protégé.[21] The two then clashed in the Royal Rumble match itself as they made it to the final moments of the match but both were eliminated by Stone Cold Steve Austin, who had crept back into the match after his elimination was unseen. He met both Vader and Austin in a Four Corners Elimination match for the vacant WWF Championship at In Your House 13: Final Four, but Bret Hart won.[22] However, the following month The Undertaker managed to win the title for the second time and continued his undefeated streak by defeating Sycho Sid at WrestleMania 13.[23]
Hell in a Cell and Brothers of Destruction (1997–1998)[link]
See also: Hell in a Cell and Brothers of Destruction
In May 1997, Paul Bearer attempted to rejoin with The Undertaker, using the threat of revealing The Undertaker's "biggest secret". In the storyline, Bearer announced that The Undertaker was a murderer, who as a child had burned down the family funeral home business (where Bearer worked), killing his parents and his younger half-brother. The Undertaker claimed there was no way for Bearer to have that information, but Bearer announced that he was told this by Undertaker's half-brother Kane, who was still alive but horribly burned and scarred. Bearer raised Kane after the fire, having him institutionalized. Now, Kane was waiting for revenge after all these years. In defense, The Undertaker responded that Kane, a pyromaniac, had been the one to set the fire and could not have possibly survived.
Concurrently, Undertaker began a new rivalry at SummerSlam when guest referee Shawn Michaels accidentally hit The Undertaker with a steel chair shot meant for Bret Hart, costing the Undertaker his WWF Championship.[23] After a double count-out draw during Ground Zero: In Your House, Undertaker challenged Michaels to the first Hell in a Cell match at Badd Blood: In Your House. During this match, The Undertaker's storyline half-brother Kane finally made his debut under the control of Paul Bearer, ripping off the door to the cell and giving The Undertaker a Tombstone Piledriver, Undertaker's trademark finisher, allowing Michaels to pin him.[23] The match received a 5-star rating from Dave Meltzer. As the storyline progressed Kane, through Bearer, challenged The Undertaker to fights, but The Undertaker consistently refused to fight his brother. The Undertaker's final encounter with Michaels was in a casket match at the Royal Rumble. The week before, Kane had seemed to ally with his brother against Michaels' D-Generation X but at the PPV Kane trapped him in the coffin, padlocking the casket lid, and setting it ablaze which again gave Michaels the victory. The Undertaker, however, had disappeared when the casket lid was reopened.[24] After a two month hiatus, The Undertaker returned and defeated Kane at WrestleMania XIV.[24] The two had a rematch, the first ever Inferno match, one month later at Unforgiven: In Your House, which The Undertaker won by setting Kane's right arm on fire.[24]
The Undertaker's feud with Mankind was renewed afterward, and they faced each other in a Hell in a Cell match at King of the Ring. During the match, The Undertaker threw Mankind off the roof of the 16 ft (4.9 m) cell onto the Spanish announce table below, in what was a preplanned move. He later chokeslammed Mankind through the roof of the cell into the ring which legitimately knocked Mankind unconscious. Mankind also used thumbtacks in the match and was backdropped and chokeslammed onto them before Undertaker won the match with his Tombstone Piledriver[24]
At Fully Loaded, The Undertaker and Stone Cold Steve Austin defeated Kane and Mankind to win the WWF Tag Team Championship.[24] The Undertaker and Austin's reign as tag champions lasted for only two months, as Kane and Mankind regained the titles on an episode of Raw is War.[25] The Undertaker then became the number one contender for the WWF Championship at SummerSlam, now held by Austin. Shortly before SummerSlam, however, The Undertaker revealed that he and Kane were working together as brothers. Despite this revelation, The Undertaker told Kane that he did not want him to interfere in the match with Austin, and even though The Undertaker lost the match, he handed Austin his belt back after the match in a show of respect.[24] In September, the storyline continued, and The Undertaker began to show some villainous characteristics when he and Kane revealed the fact that they were in cahoots to rid Austin of his title for Vince McMahon. At Breakdown: In Your House, The Undertaker and Kane were booked in a Triple Threat match with Austin for his WWF Championship; McMahon stated that the brothers were not allowed to pin each other. The Undertaker and Kane pinned Austin simultaneously after a double chokeslam,[24] so the title was vacated by McMahon. This event led to a match at Judgment Day: In Your House between the two brothers for the title, with Austin as the special guest referee. Near the end of the match, Paul Bearer seemed about to assist Kane by handing him a steel chair to hit The Undertaker with, but as Kane had his back turned, both Bearer and The Undertaker hit Kane with the chair. The Undertaker went for the pin, but Austin refused to count the fall, attacked the Undertaker, and counted out both brothers.[24] Finally, The Undertaker became a villain the next night on Raw is War for the first time in over six years, reconciling with Bearer and claiming that he and Bearer would unleash their Ministry of Darkness on the World Wrestling Federation. As part of this new storyline, he admitted that he had indeed set the fire that killed his parents, for which he had previously blamed Kane.[25]
After Survivor Series, The Undertaker returned his attention back to his previous feud with Austin for costing him the title at Judgment Day, hitting Austin in the head with a shovel during a title match with The Rock, returning the favor for what happened a month earlier. With this twist in the storyline, McMahon scheduled a Buried Alive match between The Undertaker and Austin at Rock Bottom: In Your House. In the weeks leading up to Rock Bottom, The Undertaker attempted to embalm Austin alive, tried to have Kane committed to a mental asylum, and had his druids chain Austin to his symbol, raising it high into the arena.[25] The Undertaker, however, lost the match after Kane interfered.[26]
Ministry of Darkness (1999)[link]
Main article: Ministry of Darkness
In January 1999, The Undertaker returned and formed the Ministry of Darkness, developing a more evil, Satanic and a more frightening persona than ever before. Undertaker stated that he was taking orders from a "Higher Power". He often appeared in a black robe and sat on a throne. With the help of his minions, he often performed sacrifices on various WWE superstars, which were meant to bring out the more evil side of superstars so as to recruit them into his Ministry. The Ministry eventually merged with The Corporation alliance to form the Corporate Ministry.[27] During this time, The Undertaker defeated Austin for his third WWF Championship at Over the Edge with help from Shane McMahon, the special referee.[28] Two weeks later, Raw is War revealed that Vince McMahon had been The Undertaker's "Higher Power" all along. After The Undertaker dropped the WWF Championship back to Austin one night after King of the Ring,[27] and lost a First Blood match at Fully Loaded, his relationship with the McMahons dissolved and the Corporate Ministry disbanded.
The Undertaker then began a storyline where he teamed with The Big Show in a tag team known as The UnHoly Alliance, which held the WWF Tag Team Championship twice. In September 1999, The Undertaker went on a four month hiatus from WWF due to a groin injury. In January 2000, one month before a scheduled return at the Royal Rumble, he tore a pectoral muscle.
American Bad Ass/Big Evil (2000–2003)[link]
The Undertaker took on a second persona during this portion of his WWF career. He abandoned the Gothic mortician-themed attire, his funeral dirge ring music, allusions to the supernatural, and the accompanying theatrics of his ring entrance. The Undertaker now took on the personality of a biker, riding to the ring on a motorcycle, and wearing sunglasses and bandanas to the ring. His ring music was now replaced with popular rock songs of the time, like Limp Bizkit's "Rollin' (Air Raid Vehicle)" and Kid Rock's "American Bad Ass" (from which the name of The Undertaker's new gimmick originated), though it was accompanied by the characteristic opening bell gong of The Undertaker's original theme.
Upon his return in May 2000, he took out all the members of the McMahon-Helmsley Faction, which caused him to once again be a fan favorite. He also targeted their leader, WWF Champion Triple H. At King of the Ring, The Undertaker teamed with The Rock and Kane to defeat the team of Triple H, Shane McMahon, and Vince McMahon.[29] Afterward, he was booked to team with Kane to contend for the WWF Tag Team Championship. They defeated Edge and Christian, earning the right to face them the following week for the tag title, which Edge and Christian retained. Kane betrayed The Undertaker by chokeslamming him twice on the August 14 episode of Raw is War.[30] This incident led to another match between the two at SummerSlam, which ended in a no contest as Kane ran from the ring area after The Undertaker removed Kane's mask.[29]
The Undertaker then challenged Kurt Angle for the WWF Championship at Survivor Series.[31] Angle, however, defeated The Undertaker after Kurt switched places with his real life brother, Eric Angle. The Undertaker demanded and was awarded a spot in the Six Man Hell in a Cell match for the WWF Championship at Armageddon. The Undertaker promised to make someone "famous" and did so when he chokeslamed Rikishi off the roof of the cell.[31]
In 2001, The Undertaker reunited with Kane as the Brothers of Destruction, challenging for the WWF Tag Team Championship once again. They received a shot at the title at No Way Out, facing Edge and Christian and then champions the Dudley Boyz in a Tables Match. The Brothers of Destruction dominated almost the entire match but were not the winners.[31] The Undertaker was then booked to defeat Triple H at WrestleMania X-Seven, where he improved his WrestleMania winning streak to 9–0.[15] He and Kane continued a storyline that focused on Triple H, who formed a "surprise alliance" with WWF Champion Stone Cold Steve Austin. The Brothers of Destruction were granted an opportunity to face Triple H and Austin for their titles. After The Undertaker and Kane acquired the WWF Tag Title from Edge and Christian,[32] Triple H pinned Kane after attacking him with a sledgehammer at Backlash, where the Brothers of Destruction dropped the title.[33] With Kane injured, The Undertaker feuded briefly with Steve Austin for his WWF Championship, but at Judgment Day, Austin retained his title.[33]
As part of "The Invasion" storyline, The Undertaker's next nemesis was Diamond Dallas Page, who was obsessively following The Undertaker's wife Sara.[33] (While they were presented as being married from the start of the storyline, in reality, Mark and Sara got married during the height of this feud.[34] At SummerSlam, WCW Tag Team Champions The Undertaker and Kane defeated Page and his partner Chris Kanyon in a steel cage match to win the WWF Tag Team Championship.[33] At Survivor Series, The Undertaker teamed with Kane, The Rock, Chris Jericho, and The Big Show to take on The Alliance's Steve Austin, Booker T, Rob Van Dam, Shane McMahon, and Kurt Angle (this would be the last time that The Undertaker and Kane would team up until 2006). Angle pinned The Undertaker due to interference by Austin.[33] After the Alliance was defeated, The Undertaker became a villain once again by forcing commentator Jim Ross to kiss Vince McMahon's ass.[35] This was the beginning of a new persona for The Undertaker, as he cut his long hair short and called himself "Big Evil". At Vengeance, The Undertaker defeated Van Dam to capture the WWF Hardcore Championship.[36]
The Undertaker's next storyline began at the Royal Rumble in 2002 when Maven eliminated him by dropkicking him from behind. Subsequently, The Undertaker eliminated Maven in return and brutally assaulted him backstage.[36] On an episode of SmackDown!, The Rock mentioned The Undertaker's elimination at the Royal Rumble, angering The Undertaker. The Undertaker responded by costing The Rock the number one contendership for the WWF Undisputed Championship.[37] The storyline continued when The Rock cost The Undertaker his match with Maven for the Hardcore Championship.[38] The two faced off at No Way Out, where The Undertaker lost due to interference from Ric Flair.[36] This interference began a storyline with Flair, who declined a challenge to wrestle Undertaker at WrestleMania X8,[39] and, as a result, Undertaker assaulted his son David Flair.[40] Flair eventually accepted the match after The Undertaker threatened to inflict the same punishment on Flair's daughter.[40] A no disqualification stipulation was added to the match, and The Undertaker defeated Flair.[15]
After the storyline with Flair, The Undertaker defeated Stone Cold Steve Austin at Backlash to win the number one contendership for the WWF Undisputed Championship. Later that night, he helped Hulk Hogan win his title match against the Undisputed Champion Triple H.[36] The Undertaker then defeated Hogan for his fourth world championship at Judgment Day. The following night The Undertaker was defeated by Rob Van Dam for The WWE Undisputed Championship, however Ric Flair restarted the match and The Undertaker recaptured his championship.[41] On the July 1 episode of Raw, The Undertaker turned into a fan favorite again after defeating Jeff Hardy in a ladder match and raising Hardy's hand as a show of respect. The Undertaker, however, dropped the title at Vengeance to The Rock in a triple threat match that also involved Kurt Angle.[41] The Undertaker was then switched from Raw to SmackDown! (Smackdown! would remain as The Undertakers home since 2002 till present), alongside former Raw talent Brock Lesnar, Chris Benoit, and Eddie Guerrero. The Undertaker challenged Lesnar in a title match at Unforgiven that ended in a double-disqualification.[41] Their feud carried over to No Mercy in a Hell in a Cell match. The Undertaker performed in the match with a legitimate broken hand and eventually lost to the champion.[41]
The Undertaker took a leave from wrestling after the Big Show threw him off the stage, sparking a feud.[42] The Undertaker returned at the Royal Rumble in 2003.[43] He immediately continued his feud with Big Show and defeated him by submission at No Way Out with a triangle choke. A-Train entered the storyline by attempting to attack The Undertaker after the match, but Nathan Jones came to his aid.[43] The storyline resumed as The Undertaker began to train Jones to wrestle, and the two were scheduled to fight Big Show and A-Train in a tag team match at WrestleMania XIX.[15] Jones, however, was removed prior to the match, making it a handicap match, which The Undertaker won with the help of Jones.[43]
Over the remainder of the year, The Undertaker entered a brief feud with John Cena and was booked to have two WWE Championship opportunities. The first, on the September 4 SmackDown!, against Kurt Angle, ended in a no contest, due to interference from Brock Lesnar.[44] The second, at No Mercy, was a Biker Chain match between The Undertaker and Lesnar, which Lesnar won with the help of Vince McMahon.[45] This match resulted in a feud with McMahon, culminating at Survivor Series where The Undertaker lost a Buried Alive match against McMahon when Kane interfered.[45] The Undertaker disappeared for some time following the match, with Kane claiming that he was "dead and buried forever."[46]
Return of the Deadman (2004–2007)[link]
In the storyline leading up to WrestleMania XX, Kane was haunted by vignettes proclaiming The Undertaker's return. The first was during the Royal Rumble when The Undertaker's bells tolled, distracting Kane and allowing Booker T to eliminate him.[45] At WrestleMania XX, The Undertaker, accompanied by Paul Bearer and in his "Deadman" persona, returned and defeated Kane.[47] At the following Smackdown! Pay-Per-View Judgment Day, The Undertaker would go on to defeat Booker T. Three months later, Bearer was kidnapped by the Dudley Boyz at the direction of Paul Heyman,[48] who then took "control" of Undertaker.[49] On Smackdown Undertaker attacked both Rob Van Dam and John Cena. The following week Cena confronted The Undertaker and was booked into a match by then General Manager Kurt Angle to face The Undertaker which The Undertaker went on to win after hitting Cena with his chain and delivered a Tombstone. At The Great American Bash The Undertaker fought a handicap match against the Dudleys, with the stipulation that if he didn't lay down and purposely lose, Heyman would bury Bearer in cement. The Undertaker won and stopped Heyman from burying Bearer, then buried him anyway, explaining that Bearer was merely a liability now and that he had no use for him anymore.[47]
After defeating the Dudley Boyz, The Undertaker began a feud by challenging then WWE Champion John "Bradshaw" Layfield (JBL) to a title match at SummerSlam, which The Undertaker lost by disqualification.[47] At No Mercy, The Undertaker and JBL competed in the first ever "Last Ride" match, although The Undertaker lost after Heidenreich interfered.[47] After a brief program with Heidenreich,[50] The Undertaker turned his focus to the WWE Championship once again. Along with Eddie Guerrero and Booker T, he challenged JBL to a championship rematch at Armageddon in a Fatal Four-Way match, in which The Undertaker was unsuccessful, again due to Heidenreich's interference.[50] The feud culminated in a Casket match between The Undertaker and Heidenreich at the Royal Rumble, where The Undertaker sealed Heidenreich in a casket for the victory.[50]
Soon afterward, Randy Orton challenged The Undertaker to a match at WrestleMania 21, in a storyline where Orton claimed that he would end The Undertaker's WrestleMania winning streak (this would be the first Wrestlemania in which the undefeated streak would become a major selling point for the Undertaker's matches at the marquee event and for Wrestlemania itself; it was only mentioned in passing before this).[51] Even with help from his father "Cowboy" Bob Orton, Randy failed, and The Undertaker improved his WrestleMania record to 13–0.[50] He returned for the June 16 episode of SmackDown! but lost to JBL, thanks to interference from Randy Orton.[52] After The Great American Bash, The Undertaker became the number one contender to the World Heavyweight Championship, a position that JBL felt he should have. As part of the feud, on the following SmackDown!, The Undertaker lost a number one contender match against JBL, once again due to interference from Orton.[53] With this, The Undertaker resumed his feud with Orton. At SummerSlam, Orton defeated The Undertaker in a WrestleMania rematch.[54] The storyline intensified as the two taunted each other with caskets, leading to a casket match at No Mercy, in which The Undertaker lost to Randy and his father "Cowboy" Bob Orton.[54] After the match, the Ortons poured gasoline on the casket and set it on fire. When the charred casket was opened, however, The Undertaker had once again vanished. He returned at the Survivor Series, emerging from a burning casket.[55] The Undertaker returned to SmackDown! in early December to haunt Orton and set up a Hell in a Cell match at Armageddon.[56] After winning the match,[55] Calaway took a brief hiatus from wrestling.
In early 2006 at the Royal Rumble, The Undertaker returned during Kurt Angle's celebration of his World Title defense against Mark Henry on a horse drawn cart, signaling for a title shot. As part of their storyline feud, The Undertaker lost his match with Angle at No Way Out after a thirty minute bout. Undertaker cornered Angle after the match and told him he was not finished with him; however during a rematch on SmackDown! Henry attacked The Undertaker from behind, costing him the title. This led to The Undertaker challenging Henry to a Casket match at WrestleMania 22, and Henry - like Orton a year before - vowed to end Undertaker's WrestleMania winning streak. The Undertaker defeated Henry to become 14–0 at WrestleMania, keeping his undefeated streak alive. During a rematch on the next episode of SmackDown!, The Great Khali made his debut and assaulted The Undertaker to transition into a new storyline.
The Undertaker was not heard from until the May 5 episode of SmackDown!, as Theodore Long delivered a challenge from The Undertaker to Khali for a match at Judgment Day.[57] The Undertaker lost to Khali,[58][59] and he did not appear again until the July 4 episode of SmackDown!, when he accepted Khali's challenge to a Punjabi Prison match at The Great American Bash.[60] Khali, however, was removed from the match and was replaced by ECW Champion The Big Show, over whom The Undertaker gained the victory. In the storyline, Teddy Long replaced Khali with Big Show as punishment for an attack on The Undertaker shortly before the match.[58] Khali was then challenged to a Last Man Standing match at SummerSlam after interfering in The Undertaker's match with World Heavyweight Champion King Booker.[61] Khali refused the challenge for SummerSlam, though Long made the match official for the August 18 episode of SmackDown! instead. The Undertaker won the match by striking Khali with the steel stairs, delivering several chair shots, and finishing him with a chokeslam.[62]
The Undertaker's next match was with WWE United States Champion Mr. Kennedy at No Mercy but was disqualified in the match after he hit Kennedy with the championship belt.[63] On the November 3 episode of SmackDown!, The Undertaker reunited with Kane to form the Brothers of Destruction for the first time in five years, defeating the reluctant opposition team of Mr. Kennedy and MVP, with whom Kane was feuding with at the time.[64] As part of the storyline, Kennedy defeated The Undertaker in a First Blood match at Survivor Series after interference from MVP,[63] but finally defeated Kennedy in a Last Ride match at Armageddon.[63] The two continued to feud into 2007 as Kennedy cost The Undertaker two World Heavyweight Championship opportunities for a championship match at the Royal Rumble.[65][66]
World Heavyweight Champion (2007–2010)[link]
The Undertaker won his first Royal Rumble match at the 2007 event,[66] becoming the first man to enter the Rumble at number 30 and win the match.[67] He then began a storyline with Batista, whom he defeated at WrestleMania 23 to win his first World Heavyweight Championship. At Backlash in a Last Man Standing match, they had a rematch that ended in a draw when neither man was able to answer the ten-count, resulting in The Undertaker retaining the Championship. On the May 11 episode of SmackDown!, The Undertaker and Batista participated in a steel cage match that ended in a draw when both men's feet touched the floor at the same time. After the match, Mark Henry returned and assaulted The Undertaker. Immediately after the assault, Edge cashed in his Money in the Bank title shot, and The Undertaker dropped the World Heavyweight Championship to Edge. As The Undertaker laid in the ring, druids appeared and carried him to the backstage area.
During Calaway's rehabilitation, Henry quickly defeated local jobbers and bragged about his assault on Undertaker, until vignettes began playing promoting The Undertaker's return. The Undertaker returned at Unforgiven, defeating Henry and again on SmackDown! two weeks later.[68] Batista and The Undertaker reignited their feud at Cyber Sunday with the fans choosing the special guest referee Stone Cold Steve Austin, but Batista retained the world title.[69] They battled again inside a Hell in a Cell at Survivor Series where Edge returned and interfered to help Batista retain the World Heavyweight Championship.[70] In response to this, The Undertaker delivered a Tombstone piledriver to General Manager Vickie Guerrero, on the next SmackDown!, sending her to the hospital. Returning Assistant-General Manager Theodore Long declared a Triple Threat match for the title at Armageddon, which Edge won.
At No Way Out, The Undertaker defeated Batista, Finlay, The Great Khali, Montel Vontavious Porter, and Big Daddy V in an Elimination Chamber, to become the number one contender for Edge's World Heavyweight Championship at WrestleMania XXIV. He defeated Edge at WrestleMania with his Hell's Gate submission hold, to win his second World Heavyweight Championship and elevate his undefeated streak at WrestleMania to 16–0.[71] In a WrestleMania rematch, The Undertaker defeated Edge once again at Backlash to retain the World Heavyweight Championship.[72] Vickie Guerrero announced that The Undertaker's Hell's Gate was an illegal hold and stripped him of the title. The Undertaker battled Edge for the vacant title at Judgment Day, which he won by countout. Vickie ordered that the title remain vacant, because titles cannot change hands in this way. Edge and The Undertaker faced each other again for the vacant championship at One Night Stand in a Tables, Ladders, and Chairs match, which The Undertaker lost after interference from La Familia. As a result of the stipulation, Undertaker was forced to leave WWE.
On the July 25, 2008 episode of SmackDown, Vickie Guerrero announced that she had reinstated The Undertaker, and that Edge would face him at SummerSlam in a Hell in a Cell match,[73] which The Undertaker won. After the match, The Undertaker chokeslammed Edge from the top of a ladder and through the ring canvas.[74] Following this match, Guerrero tried to make a peace offering with The Undertaker on SmackDown by apologizing, but The Undertaker told her that he is not the forgiving kind. At Unforgiven, as The Undertaker approached the ring to "take Guerrero's soul" and take her in a casket, the Big Show, who appeared at first to aid the Undertaker, betrayed and assaulted him.[75] As a result of this altercation, The Undertaker and Big Show faced each other in a match at No Mercy, where the Big Show knocked The Undertaker out with a punch to the back of The Undertaker's head.[76] At Cyber Sunday, The Undertaker defeated the Big Show in a Last Man Standing match after applying Hell's Gate.[77] The Undertaker then went on to defeat the Big Show at Survivor Series in a casket match, to end the feud.[78] At No Way Out, The Undertaker was part of the WWE Championship Elimination Chamber match; however, he was unsuccessful at winning the match. He then became embroiled in a long time feud with Shawn Michaels over his WrestleMania undefeated streak and the fact that The Undertaker had never defeated Michaels in a singles match previously. The feud culminated in a match at WrestleMania XXV which The Undertaker won to extend his WrestleMania streak to a perfect record of 17–0.[79] On the April 24 episode of SmackDown, Big Show defeated him in a singles match by knockout after the match, Undertaker attacked Big Show. After SmackDown, Undertaker took another hiatus from WWE on April 25, 2009.
After the four month hiatus, The Undertaker returned at SummerSlam in August by attacking CM Punk, who had just won the World Heavyweight Championship from Jeff Hardy in a Tables, Ladders, and Chairs match.[80] At Breaking Point, The Undertaker faced Punk in a submission match. The Undertaker had originally won the match with his Hell's Gate submission hold, but the match was restarted by SmackDown General Manager Theodore Long, who ruled that the ban placed on the move by Vickie Guerrero was still in effect. Punk went on to win the match with his Anaconda Vise when referee Scott Armstrong called for the bell, despite Undertaker never submitting in a recreation of the Montreal Screwjob, which took place in the same venue in 1997.[81] On the September 25 episode of SmackDown, Theodore Long announced that the ban had now been officially lifted, after being released from a casket that The Undertaker had apparently placed him in.[82] The feud between the two continued and at the Hell in a Cell pay-per-view, The Undertaker won the World Heavyweight Championship from Punk in a Hell in a Cell match.[83] The Undertaker successfully defended the title against CM Punk on SmackDown, in a Fatal Four Way match at Bragging Rights, and in a Triple Threat match at Survivor Series.[84][85] He faced Batista at TLC: Tables, Ladders & Chairs for the championship, and won when the match was restarted by Long, after Batista had originally won after utilising a low blow.[86]
At the Elimination Chamber pay-per-view, a pyrotechnics malfunction momentarily engulfed The Undertaker in flames during his ring entrance. He was able to continue with his scheduled match, with a burn on his chest that "looked like a bad sunburn" according to a WWE spokesman.[87] He lost the World Heavyweight Championship to Chris Jericho after interference from Shawn Michaels.[88] Undertaker had been rebuffing Michaels' requests for a WrestleMania rematch, but the night after Elimination Chamber he agreed to the match on the condition that Michaels' career was on the line.[89] At WrestleMania, The Undertaker defeated Michaels to end his career in a match with no countouts or disqualifications.[90]
After a hiatus (which included wrestling two matches on Raw), he returned to SmackDown on May 28, defeating Rey Mysterio to qualify for a spot in the Fatal 4-Way pay-per-view to compete for the World Heavyweight Championship.[91] During the match, The Undertaker suffered a concussion, broken orbital bone, and broken nose; he was visibly bleeding profusely on camera by the end of the match.[92] To cover for the injury, Kane revealed The Undertaker had been found in a vegetative state;[93] Mysterio took his place in the match and won the World Heavyweight Championship. While attempting to learn which superstar had attacked The Undertaker, Kane defeated Mysterio to win the World Heavyweight Championship. Kane and Mysterio continued to clash as they accused one another of being the assailant behind the attack.[94]
At SummerSlam, the Undertaker returned to confront Kane and Rey Mysterio, only to be overpowered and Tombstoned by Kane.[95] With Kane revealed as his attacker, the two feuded for the next few months over the World Heavyweight Championship. After losing to Kane at Night of Champions, Paul Bearer returned as Undertaker's manager on an episode of SmackDown.[96] However, Bearer attacked him at Hell in a Cell to help Kane win once again. The feud ended at Bragging Rights when The Nexus helped Kane defeat Undertaker in a Buried Alive match. In reality, he needed medical treatment for his injury.
Feud with Triple H (2011–2012)[link]
After the 2011 Royal Rumble, promotional videos showing The Undertaker entering and standing within an old house began airing. Each promo would end with the date 2–21–11 being burned into the screen. On the February 21 episode of Raw The Undertaker returned; after his lengthy entrance but before he could speak, Triple H returned after an eleven month absence and confronted The Undertaker. The two challenged each othe to a match at Wrestlemania in a unique interaction involving no verbal or physical exchanges. The match was later announced as a No Holds Barred match on WWE's website. At WrestleMania XXVII, after surviving three Pedigrees and a Tombstone Piledriver, Undertaker forced Triple H to tap out to Hell's Gate, extending his streak to 19–0. Following the match, The Undertaker was carried away from the ring on a stretcher.[97]
On the January 30, 2012 episode of Raw, The Undertaker returned after a ten month hiatus to confront Triple H.[98] On the February 13 episode of Raw, Triple H refused the Undertaker's challenge for a Wrestlemania rematch which led to Undertaker appearing on the TtanTron, and declaring vengeance would be his.[99] After the Undertaker accused Triple H of living in the shadow of Shawn Michaels on the February 20 episode of Raw, Triple H accepted the challenge on the condition that it be a Hell in a Cell match; Michaels was later inserted as referee in the match. At WrestleMania XXVIII, The Undertaker defeated Triple H to extend his streak to 20-0. After the match Undertaker and Michaels carried Triple H to the entrance stage, where the three embraced.
Personal life[link]
Calaway graduated from Waltrip High School in 1983 where he was a member of the basketball team.[100] Calaway married his first wife, Jodi Lynn, in 1989, and they had a son, Gunner, born in 1993, before the marriage ended in 1999. Calaway married his second wife, Sara, in St Petersburg, Florida on July 21, 2000.[citation needed] The couple had two daughters together: Chasey (born on November 21, 2002) and Gracie (born on May 15, 2005).[citation needed] As of 2007, he and Sara were divorced, and he was romantically linked to former wrestler Michelle McCool, whom he married on June 26, 2010, in Houston, Texas.[101][102]
Calaway is an avid boxing fan and carried the Flag of the United States while leading Team Pacquiao to the ring during the Pacquiao vs. Velázquez fight in 2005.[103] This was also confirmed by fellow wrestler Batista in a televised interview for the Philippine news program TV Patrol World. Calaway is also an avid mixed martial arts fan and has attended several Ultimate Fighting Championship shows, including a show where Calaway verbally confronted then UFC fighter Brock Lesnar. During a Calaway interview conducted by an internet show after UFC 121, Lesnar walked past him staring. Calaway answered Lesnar's stare by saying "You wanna do it?".[102][104] He is a close friend of mixed martial artists, Pat Miletich, Jeremy Horn, Matt Hughes and the actor, Tony Longo. [102]
Calaway invests in real estate with business partner Scott Everhart. Calaway and Everhart finished construction on a $2.7m building in Loveland, Colorado called "The Calahart," a portmanteau of their last names.[105] Calaway and his ex-wife Sara established The Zeus Compton Calaway Save the Animals fund at the Texas A&M College of Veterinary Medicine & Biomedical Sciences to help pay for lifesaving treatments for large-breed dogs.[106]
Other media[link]
Calaway made his motion picture debut in a supporting role as Hutch in the 1991 film, Suburban Commando opposite Hulk Hogan and Christopher Lloyd. He filmed guest roles on Poltergeist: The Legacy, where he played the Soul Chaser Demon and Celebrity Deathmatch. In 2001, Calaway appeared out of character on the Canadian sports show Off the Record with Michael Landsberg.
Filmography[link]
| Film | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Year | Film | Role | Notes |
| 1991 | Suburban Commando | Hutch | Film Debut |
| 1999 | Beyond the Mat | Himself | Documentary |
| Television | |||
| Year | Title | Role | Notes |
| 1999 | Poltergeist: The Legacy | Soul Chaser Demon | Episodes: "Brothers Keeper" / "The Mephisto Strain" (Flashbacks) |
| Downtown | The Undertaker (voice) | Episode: "The Con" | |
| Celebrity Deathmatch | The Undertaker (voice) | Episode: "Halloween Episode I" | |
| 2001 | Off the Record with Michael Landsberg | Himself | 1 episode |
| 2002 | America's Most Wanted | ||
In wrestling[link]
- Finishing moves
- As The Undertaker
- Chokeslam[3][5]
- Hell's Gate (Modified gogoplata) – 2008–present
- Last Ride (Elevated powerbomb) – 2000–present
- Tombstone Piledriver (Kneeling reverse piledriver, followed by a modified pin)
- Triangle choke – 2003–2008
- As "Mean" Mark Callous
- Callous Clutch (Jaw clutch)[5]
- Heart punch[5]
- As The Undertaker
- Signature moves
- Back body drop
- Ballistic punching combination[5]
- Big boot[5]
- Fujiwara armbar[5]
- Flying clothesline[5]
- Guillotine leg drop onto the chest or back of an apron-hung opponent[5]
- Heatseeking Missile[5] (Missile dropkick) – 1984–1990
- One-handed clawhold[5] – 1984–1990
- No-handed over the top rope suicide dive[107]
- Old School[108] (Arm twist ropewalk chop)[5]
- Reverse STO[5]
- Running DDT[5]
- Running flying clothesline, sometimes with a cornered opponent[5]
- Running leg drop[5]
- Sidewalk slam[5]
- Snake Eyes,[5] followed by a running big boot[5]
- Takin' Care of Business (Standing dragon sleeper)[5] – 2002–2007
- Wrist lock followed by multiple shoulder blocks[5]
- Nicknames
- Entrance themes
- New Japan Pro Wrestling
- "Miracle Man" by Ozzy Osbourne
- National Wrestling Alliance
- "China White" by Scorpions
- World Championship Wrestling
- "China White" by Scorpions
- World Wrestling Federation/Entertainment/WWE
- "Funeral March" by Jim Johnston(based off Chopin's piece) (November 19, 1990 – January 22, 1994)
- "The Grim Reaper" by Jim Johnston (August 29, 1994 – November 13, 1995)
- "Graveyard Symphony" by Jim Johnston (November 19, 1995 – July 20, 1998; January 11, 1999 – March 22, 1999)
- "Dark Side" by Jim Johnston (July 26, 1998 – December 13, 1998)
- "Ministry" by Jim Johnston (March 28, 1999 – September 23, 1999)
- "American Bad Ass" by Kid Rock (May 21, 2000 – December 4, 2000)
- "Rollin' (Air Raid Vehicle)" by Limp Bizkit (December 10, 2000 – May 6, 2002; March 30 2003)
- "Dead Man" by Jim Johnston (May 19, 2002 – September 19, 2002)
- "You're Gonna Pay" by Jim Johnston (September 22, 2002 – November 16, 2003)
- "Rest in Peace" by Jim Johnston (March 14, 2004 – February 21, 2011, January 30, 2012 - Present)
- "Ain't No Grave (Gonna Hold This Body Down)" by Johnny Cash (March 7, 2011 – April 3, 2011)[113]
- New Japan Pro Wrestling
Championships and accomplishments[link]
References[link]
- ^ a b "WWF Update on Kane The Undertaker". http://www.dailymotion.com/video/x84m07_wwf-update-on-kane-the-undertaker_sport.
- ^ a b c d e Wrestling Information Archive – WWE Real Names List 100megsfree4.com. Retrieved on 2011-04-02.
- ^ a b c d e f "WWE Bio". World Wrestling Entertainment. http://www.wwe.com/superstars/smackdown/undertaker. Retrieved 2008-03-31.
- ^ a b "Texas Births 1926–1995". "Family Tree Networks". http://www.familytreelegends.com/records/txbirths?c=search&first=Mark&last=Calaway&spelling=Exact&11_year=1965&11_month=0&11_day=0&4=&14=&SubmitSearch.x=67&SubmitSearch.y=19&SubmitSearch=Submit.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v "Wrestler Profiles: The Undertaker". Online World of Wrestling. http://www.onlineworldofwrestling.com/profiles/u/undertaker.html. Retrieved 2007-12-09.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j "Bio". Accelerator. http://www.accelerator3359.com/Wrestling/bios/undertaker.html. Retrieved 2008-05-06.
- ^ a b "Texas Heavyweight Title history". Wrestling-Titles.com. http://www.wrestling-titles.com/us/tx/tx-h.html. Retrieved 2008-04-09.
- ^ Funk, Terry; Scott Williams (2006). Terry Funk : more than just hardcore. Champaign, IL: Sports Publishing. p. 198. ISBN 1-59670-159-5.
- ^ WCW/NWA Capital Combat (VHS). Turner Home Entertainment. 1990.
- ^ prowrestlinghistory.com. "NWA Clash of the Champions Results (X)". http://www.prowrestlinghistory.com/supercards/usa/wcw/clash.html#X. Retrieved April 16, 2007.
- ^ prowrestlinghistory.com. "NWA WrestleWar Results (1990)". http://www.prowrestlinghistory.com/supercards/usa/wcw/w-war.html#90. Retrieved April 16, 2007.
- ^ "The History of WWE – 1990 results". Archived from the original on April 23, 2009. http://web.archive.org/web/20090423065918/http://www.angelfire.com/wrestling/cawthon777/90.htm.
- ^ a b 2007 Wrestling almanac & book of facts. "Wrestling’s historical cards", p. 88–89.
- ^ "About.com: Top 10 Scariest Wrestlers". Prowrestling.about.com. 2010-09-24. http://prowrestling.about.com/od/thewrestlers/tp/scarywrestlers.htm. Retrieved 2011-10-24.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o "WrestleMania Legacy". World Wrestling Entertainment. http://www.wwe.com/superstars/smackdown/undertaker/wrestlemanialegacy/. Retrieved 2008-07-10.
- ^ a b PWI Staff. 2007 Wrestling almanac & book of facts. "Wrestling’s historical cards", p. 89–90.
- ^ "Raw 1993 results". Online World of Wrestling. http://www.onlineworldofwrestling.com/results/raw/_1993/. Retrieved 2011-12-07.
- ^ a b c d e f PWI Staff. 2007 Wrestling almanac & book of facts. "Wrestling’s historical cards", p. 92–94.
- ^ a b c d e 2007 Wrestling almanac & book of facts. "Wrestling’s historical cards" (p.95)
- ^ "Raw 1996 results". Online World of Wrestling. http://www.onlineworldofwrestling.com/results/raw/_1996/. Retrieved 2011-12-07.
- ^ a b c PWI Staff. 2007 Wrestling almanac & book of facts. "Wrestling’s historical cards" (p.96–97)
- ^ "Final Four results". Wrestling Supercards and Tournaments. 1997-02-16. http://www.prowrestlinghistory.com/supercards/usa/wwf/miscppvs1990s.html#13. Retrieved 2011-12-07.
- ^ a b c d 2007 Wrestling almanac & book of facts. "Wrestling’s historical cards" (p.98–99)
- ^ a b c d e f g h i PWI Staff. 2007 Wrestling almanac & book of facts. "Wrestling’s historical cards" (p.100–101)
- ^ a b c "Raw 1998 results". Online World of Wrestling. http://www.onlineworldofwrestling.com/results/raw/_1998/. Retrieved 2008-07-10.
- ^ 2007 Wrestling almanac & book of facts. "Wrestling’s historical cards" (p.102)
- ^ a b "Raw 1999 Results". Online World of Wrestling. http://www.onlineworldofwrestling.com/results/raw/_1999/. Retrieved 2007-05-01.
- ^ 2007 Wrestling almanac & book of facts. "Wrestling’s historical cards" (p.103)
- ^ a b PWI Staff. 2007 Wrestling almanac & book of facts. "Wrestling’s historical cards" (p.106)
- ^ "Raw 2000 Results". Online World of Wrestling. http://www.onlineworldofwrestling.com/results/raw/_2000/. Retrieved 2007-05-01.
- ^ a b c 2007 Wrestling almanac & book of facts. "Wrestling’s historical cards" (p.107)
- ^ "World Tag Team Title History". World Wrestling Entertainment. http://www.wwe.com/inside/titlehistory/worldtagteam/. Retrieved 2009-06-21.
- ^ a b c d e 2007 Wrestling almanac & book of facts. "Wrestling’s historical cards" (p.108–109)
- ^ "Online World of Wrestling". http://www.onlineworldofwrestling.com/profiles/d/diamond-dallas-page.html.
- ^ "Raw – November 26, 2001 Results". Online World of Wrestling. http://www.onlineworldofwrestling.com/results/raw/011126.html. Retrieved 2007-05-01.
- ^ a b c d 2007 Wrestling almanac & book of facts. "Wrestling’s historical cards" (p.109–110)
- ^ Michael McAvennie (2003). "WWE The Yearbook: 2003 Edition". Pocket Books. p. 52.
- ^ Michael McAvennie (2003). "WWE The Yearbook: 2003 Edition". Pocket Books. p. 56.
- ^ McAvennie, Michael (2003). "WWE The Yearbook: 2003 Edition". Pocket Books. pp. 79–80.
- ^ a b Michael McAvennie (2003). "WWE The Yearbook: 2003 Edition". Pocket Books. pp. 80–81.
- ^ a b c d PWI Staff. 2007 Wrestling almanac & book of facts. "Wrestling’s historical cards" (p.110–111)
- ^ McAvennie, Michael (2003). "WWE The Yearbook: 2003 Edition". Pocket Books. p. 288.
- ^ a b c 2007 Wrestling almanac & book of facts. "Wrestling’s historical cards" (p.112–113)
- ^ "SmackDown-September 4, 2003 Results". Online World of Wrestling. http://www.onlineworldofwrestling.com/results/smackdown/030904.html. Retrieved 2007-05-01.
- ^ a b c PWI Staff. 2007 Wrestling almanac & book of facts. "Wrestling’s historical cards" (p.113–114)
- ^ "SmackDown-November 20, 2003 Results". Online World of Wrestling. http://www.onlineworldofwrestling.com/results/smackdown/031120.html. Retrieved 2007-05-01.
- ^ a b c d e 2007 Wrestling almanac & book of facts. "Wrestling’s historical cards" (p.115–116)
- ^ "SmackDown-May 27, 2004 Results". Online World of Wrestling. http://www.onlineworldofwrestling.com/results/smackdown/040527.html. Retrieved 2007-05-01.
- ^ "SmackDown-June 17, 2004 Results". Online World of Wrestling. http://www.onlineworldofwrestling.com/results/smackdown/040617.html. Retrieved 2007-05-01.
- ^ a b c d e PWI Staff. 2007 Wrestling almanac & book of facts. "Wrestling’s historical cards" (p.116–117)
- ^ "Raw-March 7, 2005 Results". Online World of Wrestling. http://www.onlineworldofwrestling.com/results/raw/050307.html. Retrieved 2007-05-01.
- ^ "SmackDown-June 16, 2005 Results". Online World of Wrestling. http://www.onlineworldofwrestling.com/results/smackdown/050616.html. Retrieved 2007-05-01.
- ^ "SmackDown-July 28, 2005 Results". Online World of Wrestling. http://www.onlineworldofwrestling.com/results/smackdown/050728.html. Retrieved 2007-05-01.
- ^ a b PWI Staff. 2007 Wrestling almanac & book of facts. "Wrestling’s historical cards" (p.118)
- ^ a b 2007 Wrestling almanac & book of facts. "Wrestling’s historical cards" (p.119)
- ^ "SmackDown-December 2, 2005 Results". Online World of Wrestling. http://www.onlineworldofwrestling.com/results/smackdown/051202.html. Retrieved 2007-05-01.
- ^ "SmackDown-May 5, 2006 Results". Online World of Wrestling. http://www.onlineworldofwrestling.com/results/smackdown/060505.html. Retrieved 2007-05-01.
- ^ a b 2007 Wrestling almanac & book of facts. "Wrestling’s historical cards" (p.121)
- ^ Ed Williams III (2006-05-21). "The Great Khali makes Undertaker rest in peace". World Wrestling Entertainment. http://www.wwe.com/shows/judgmentday/history/2006/matches/23848443/results/. Retrieved 2008-01-05. [dead link]
- ^ "SmackDown-July 4, 2006 Results". Online World of Wrestling. Archived from the original on 2008-01-10. http://web.archive.org/web/20080110205041/http://www.onlineworldofwrestling.com/results/smackdown/060704.html. Retrieved 2007-05-01.
- ^ "SmackDown-August 4, 2006 Results". Online World of Wrestling. http://www.onlineworldofwrestling.com/results/smackdown/060804.html. Retrieved 2007-05-01.
- ^ "SmackDown-April 18, 2007 Results". Online World of Wrestling. http://www.onlineworldofwrestling.com/results/smackdown/060818.html. Retrieved 2007-05-01.
- ^ a b c PWI Staff. 2007 Wrestling almanac & book of facts. "Wrestling’s historical cards" (p.122)
- ^ "SmackDown-November 3, 2006 Results". Online World of Wrestling. http://www.onlineworldofwrestling.com/results/smackdown/061103.html. Retrieved 2007-05-01.
- ^ "SmackDown-January 12, 2007 Results". Online World of Wrestling. http://www.onlineworldofwrestling.com/results/smackdown/070112.html. Retrieved 2007-05-01.
- ^ a b 2007 Wrestling almanac & book of facts. "Wrestling’s historical cards" (p.130)
- ^ Dee, Louie (2007-01-28). "A Phenom-enal Rumble". World Wrestling Entertainment.com. http://www.wwe.com/shows/royalrumble/history/2007/matches/35535102/results/. Retrieved 2007-08-23. [dead link]
- ^ "Unforgiven 2007 Results". World Wrestling Entertainment. http://www.wwe.com/shows/unforgiven/matches/. Retrieved 2007-09-16.
- ^ "Cyber Sunday 2007 Results". PWWEW.net. http://www.pwwew.net/ppv/wwf/october/cyber2007.htm. Retrieved 2007-11-19.
- ^ Dee, Louie (2007-11-18). "On the Edge of Hell". World Wrestling Entertainment. http://www.wwe.com/shows/survivorseries/history/2007/matches/4334964/results/. Retrieved 2007-11-19. [dead link]
- ^ a b Dee, Louie (2008-02-17). "No Way Out Match results". World Wrestling Entertainment. http://www.wwe.com/shows/nowayout/history/2008/matches/6364982/results/. Retrieved 2008-02-17. [dead link]
- ^ Dee, Louie (2008-04-27). "Second verse, same as the first". World Wrestling Entertainment. Archived from the original on 2008-05-01. http://web.archive.org/web/20080501145452/http://www.wwe.com/shows/backlash/matches/6347966/results/. Retrieved 2008-05-02.
- ^ "SmackDown: A woman's scorn, a Deadman reborn". http://www.wwe.com/shows/smackdown/archive/07252008/. Retrieved 2008-06-25.
- ^ DiFino, Lennie (2008-08-17). "Unleashed in Hell". World Wrestling Entertainment. Archived from the original on 2008-08-22. http://web.archive.org/web/20080822055025/http://www.wwe.com/shows/summerslam/matches/6541940/results/. Retrieved 2008-08-18.
- ^ "Big Show lends Guerrero a giant hand". World Wrestling Entertainment. 2008-09-07. http://www.wwe.com/shows/unforgiven/matches/bigshowspeaks/results/. Retrieved 2008-09-07. [dead link]
- ^ Burdick, Michael (2008-10-05). "The knockout heard ‘round the WWE Universe". World Wrestling Entertainment. http://www.wwe.com/shows/nomercy/matches/8101498/results/. Retrieved 2008-10-06. [dead link]
- ^ Passero, Mitch (2008-10-26). "Deadman's revenge". World Wrestling Entertainment. http://www.wwe.com/shows/cybersunday/matches/8320770/results/. Retrieved 2009-09-17. [dead link]
- ^ "Undertaker def. Big Show (Casket Match)". World Wrestling Entertainment. November 23, 2008. http://www.wwe.com/shows/survivorseries/2008/matches/8641756. Retrieved May 5, 2012.
- ^ "Undertaker def. Shawn Michaels". World Wrestling Entertainment. April 1, 2009. http://www.wwe.com/shows/wrestlemania/25/matches/9074020. Retrieved May 5, 2012.
- ^ "CM Punk def. Jeff Hardy (New World Heavyweight Champion)". World Wrestling Entertainment. August 23, 2009. http://www.wwe.com/shows/summerslam/history/2009/matches/hardypunk. Retrieved May 5, 2012.
- ^ Tello, Craig (2009-09-13). "Hell's Gate-crasher". World Wrestling Entertainment. http://www.wwe.com/shows/wwebreakingpoint/matches/11460100/results/. Retrieved 2009-09-26. [dead link]
- ^ Sidhu, Manraj (September 26, 2009). "Smackdown: Punk escapes 'Taker's grasp". Slam! Sports. Canadian online Explorer. http://slam.canoe.ca/Slam/Wrestling/2009/09/26/11135656.html. Retrieved May 5, 2012.
- ^ Sokol, Brian; Sokol, Chris (2009-10-05). "Title changes highlight Hell in a Cell". Slam Wrestling. Canadian Online Explorer. http://slam.canoe.ca/Slam/Wrestling/PPVReports/2009/10/05/11300786.html. Retrieved 2009-10-05.
- ^ Bishop, Matt (2009-10-25). "Cena, Smackdown earn Bragging Rights". Slam! Sports. Canadian Online Explorer. http://slam.canoe.ca/Slam/Wrestling/PPVReports/2009/10/25/11522721.html. Retrieved 2010-02-01.
- ^ Plummer, Dale; Tylwalk, Nick (2009-11-23). "Lots of wrestlers per match but no title changes at Survivor Series". Slam! Sports. Canadian Online Explorer. http://slam.canoe.ca/Slam/Wrestling/PPVReports/2009/11/23/11879686.html. Retrieved 2010-02-01.
- ^ Kapur, Bob (2009-12-14). "New champs at strong WWE TLC show". Slam! Sports. Canadian Online Explorer. http://slam.canoe.ca/Slam/Wrestling/PPVReports/2009/12/14/12146261.html. Retrieved 2010-02-01.
- ^ Fritz, Brian (February 22, 2010). "The Undertaker Burned During Accident at Elimination Chamber". AOL Fanhouse. http://www.fanhouse.com/2010/02/22/the-undertaker-burned-during-accident-at-elimination-chamber/. Retrieved May 5, 2012.
- ^ Plummer, Dale; Tylwalk, Nick (2010-02-22). "Batista, Jericho and Michaels capitalize on Elimination Chamber opportunities". Slam! Sports. Canadian Online Explorer. http://slam.canoe.ca/Slam/Wrestling/PPVReports/2010/02/22/12978356.html. Retrieved 2010-02-24.
- ^ Plummer, Dale (2010-02-22). "RAW: Finding a Jewel on the Road to Wrestlemania". Slam! Sports. Canadian Online Explorer. http://slam.canoe.ca/Slam/Wrestling/2010/02/22/12990596.html. Retrieved 2010-04-01.
- ^ a b Plummer, Dale; Tylwalk, Nick (2010-03-29). "Undertaker ends Shawn Michaels' career in thrilling rematch to cap off Wrestlemania XXVI". Slam! Sports. Canadian Online Explorer. http://slam.canoe.ca/Slam/Wrestling/2010/03/29/13391691.html. Retrieved 2010-04-01.
- ^ "WWE "Back in black"". Wwe.com. http://www.wwe.com/shows/smackdown/archive/05282010. Retrieved 2011-10-24.
- ^ "Inside Pulse Wrestling | Undertaker Injured, WWE Fatal 4 Way Main Event In Jeopardy". Wrestling.insidepulse.com. http://wrestling.insidepulse.com/2010/05/31/undertaker-injured-wwe-fatal-4-way-main-event-in-jeopardy/. Retrieved 2011-10-24.
- ^ "WWE "Unnatural Phenom-enon"". Wwe.com. 2010-06-04. http://www.wwe.com/shows/smackdown/archive/06042010/mainarticle. Retrieved 2011-10-24.
- ^ Brandon Stroud %BloggerTitle% (2010-07-18). "WWE Money in the Bank 2010 Results: New Champion Cashes In". Aolnews.com. http://www.aolnews.com/2010/07/18/wwe-money-in-the-bank-2010-results-new-champion-cashes-in/. Retrieved 2011-10-24.
- ^ "WWE Bragging Rights Preview: 10 Reasons Undertaker Will Top Kane". Bleacher Report. 2010-10-22. http://bleacherreport.com/articles/498393-wwe-bragging-rights-preview-10-reasons-undertaker-will-top-kane. Retrieved 2011-10-24.
- ^ Hillhouse, Dave (2010-09-25). "Smackdown: Kickin' it old school". Slam! Sports. Canadian Online Explorer. http://slam.canoe.ca/Slam/Wrestling/2010/09/25/15475181.html. Retrieved 2010-10-04.
- ^ "Results:The Undertaker def. Triple H (No Holds Barred Match)". World Wrestling Entertainment. http://www.wwe.com/shows/wrestlemania/wrestlemaniaxxvii/undertaker-tripleh. Retrieved 2011-04-05. [dead link]
- ^ Passero, Mitch (January 30, 2012). "The Undertaker returned with his sights set on Triple H". WWE. http://www.wwe.com/shows/raw/2012-01-30/results. Retrieved January 30, 2012.
- ^ Medalis, Kara A. (February 13, 2012). "WWE Raw SuperShow results: Has Cena embraced the hate?". WWE. http://www.wwe.com/shows/raw/2012-02-13/results. Retrieved 14 February 2012.
- ^ "Waltrip trivia page". Waltrip High School. http://hs.houstonisd.org/WaltripHS/TriviaFolder/trivia.htm.
- ^ Martin, Adam (2010-06-29). "Report: WWE stars wed this past week". WrestleView. http://www.wrestleview.co/viewnews.php?id=1277853725. Retrieved 2010-07-05.
- ^ a b c Batista, Julio (2011-09-05). "Report: Mark Calaway's Biography on IMDB". imdb. http://www.imdb.com/name/nm0130587/bio. Retrieved 2011-09-0.
- ^ Martin, Adam (2005-09-02). "The Undertaker to lead Pacquiao's entourage". WrestleView. http://www.wrestleview.com/news2005/1125678703.shtml.
- ^ "WWE's Undertaker Confronts Brock Lesnar Following UFC 121". Mmafighting.com. 2011-07-14. http://www.mmafighting.com/2010/10/24/wwes-undertaker-brock-lesnar-exchange-words-following-ufc-121/. Retrieved 2011-10-24.
- ^ Martin, Adam (2007-06- 17). "The Undertaker gets involved in real estate venture; his return to WWE". WrestleView. http://www.wrestleview.com/news2006/1182096452.shtml. Retrieved 2007-08-21.
- ^ [1], Accessed September 19, 2011. "The Zeus Compton Calaway Save the Animals Fund"
- ^ "Undertaker def. Mark Henry (Casket Match)". WWE. http://www.wwe.com/shows/wrestlemania/history/wrestlemania22/matches/22203223/results/. Retrieved 2008-07-15. [dead link]
- ^ Burdick, Michael (2009-02-27). "No Cena Allowed". WWE. Archived from the original on March 4, 2009. http://web.archive.org/web/20090304051004/http://www.wwe.com/shows/smackdown/results/9449292/?cid=2009EP-00. Retrieved 2009-03-02.
- ^ a b c d e f g "The Undertaker". Wrestling-Caricatures. http://www.wrestling-caricatures.com/id69.html. Retrieved 2008-03-31.
- ^ a b c d e Reynolds, R. D. (2007). The WrestleCrap Book of Lists!. ECW Press. p. 21. ISBN 1-55022-762-9.
- ^ "'Mania Matches That Made Us Sweat: 1: Batista vs. Undertaker". World Wrestling Entertainment. http://www.wwe.com/inside/listthis/maniamatches/maniamatches1. Retrieved 2009-01-14.
- ^ Undertaker Last Outlaw Authentic T-Shirt. WWEShop. Retrieved on 2011-04-02.
- ^ Caldwell, James (2011-03-07). "Caldwell's WWE Raw results 3/7: Complete "virtual time" coverage of live Raw – Taker-Hunter stipulation, Stone Cold's TV return, WrestleMania hype, Cena-Rock". Pro Wrestling Torch. http://pwtorch.com/artman2/publish/wwerawreport/article_48305.shtml. Retrieved 2011-03-08.
- ^ "Pro Wrestling Illustrated Award Winners Feud of the Year". Wrestling Information Archive. http://www.100megsfree4.com/wiawrestling/pages/pwi/pwifoty.htm. Retrieved 2009-02-03. [dead link]
- ^ "Pro Wrestling Illustrated Award Winners Match of the Year". Wrestling Information Archive. http://www.100megsfree4.com/wiawrestling/pages/pwi/pwimoty.htm. Retrieved 2009-02-03. [dead link]
- ^ Pro Wrestling Illustrated 31 (3): 78–79. 2010.
- ^ "Pro Wrestling Illustrated Top 500–2002". Wrestling Information Archive. http://www.100megsfree4.com/wiawrestling/pages/pwi/pwi50002.htm. Retrieved 2009-02-03. [dead link]
- ^ "Pro Wrestling Illustrated's Top 500 Wrestlers of the PWI Years". Wrestling Information Archive. Archived from the original on July 7, 2011. http://web.archive.org/web/20110707054220/http://www.100megsfree4.com/wiawrestling/pages/pwi/pwi500yr.htm. Retrieved 2010-09-15.
- ^ World Heavyweight Title (WWE Smackdown!) history At wrestling-titles.com
- ^ WWWF/WWF/WWE World Heavyweight Title history At wrestling-titles.com
- ^ WWF/WWE Hardcore Title history At wrestling-titles.com
- ^ WWWF/WWF/WWE World Tag Team Title history At wrestling-titles.com
- ^ WCW World Tag Team Title history At wrestling-titles.com
- ^ a b c d e f g h i Meltzer, Dave (January 26, 2011). "Biggest issue of the year: The 2011 Wrestling Observer Newsletter Awards Issue". Wrestling Observer Newsletter (Campbell, CA): 1–40. ISSN 10839593.
- ^ "WrestleMania XV". Pro Wrestling History. http://www.prowrestlinghistory.com/supercards/usa/wwf/mania.html#XV. Retrieved 2007-12-09.
- ^ "WrestleMania 23". Pro Wrestling History. http://www.prowrestlinghistory.com/supercards/usa/wwf/mania.html#23. Retrieved 2007-12-09.
External links[link]
|
Wikimedia Commons has media related to: The Undertaker |
- WWE profile
- Mark Calaway at the Internet Movie Database
- The Undertaker at Online World of Wrestling
- Personas of the Undertaker article at Wrestling Wikia
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Persondata | |
|---|---|
| Name | Mark Calaway |
| Alternative names | The Undertaker |
| Short description | Professional wrestler |
| Date of birth | March 24, 1965 |
| Place of birth | Houston, Texas |
| Date of death | |
| Place of death | |
http://wn.com/The_Undertaker
This page contains text from Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Undertaker
This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, which means that you can copy and modify it as long as the entire work (including additions) remains under this license.
This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, which means that you can copy and modify it as long as the entire work (including additions) remains under this license.
 |
The neutrality of this article is disputed. Please see the discussion on the talk page. Please do not remove this message until the dispute is resolved. (December 2011) |
| Gerald Celente | |
|---|---|
| Born | (1946-11-29) November 29, 1946 (age 65) The Bronx, New York City, New York, U.S. |
| Nationality | American |
| Ethnicity | White |
| Occupation | Trend forecaster |
Gerald Celente (born November 29, 1946) is an American trend forecaster,[1][2] publisher of the Trends Journal, business consultant[3] and author who makes predictions about the global financial markets and other events of historical importance. Celente has described himself as a "political atheist" and "citizen of the world".[4] He has appeared as a guest on television news shows such as The Oprah Winfrey Show, The Today Show, Good Morning America, CBS Morning News, The Glenn Beck Show, NBC Nightly News, The Alex Jones Show and Russia Today.[5][6][7]
Contents |
Background[link]
Celente was born in The Bronx, New York City, New York. He had early political experience running a mayoral campaign in Yonkers, New York and served as executive assistant to the secretary of the New York State Senate, which Celente called the worst job he ever had.[8] From 1973 to 1979 Celente traveled between Chicago and Washington D.C. as a government affairs specialist.[8] In 1980 Celente founded The Trends Research Institute (at first called the Socio-Economic Research Institute of America), now located in Kingston, New York, publisher of the Trends Journal which forecasts and analyzes business, socioeconomic, political, and other trends.[9]
Forecasting[link]
His forecasts since 1993 [10] have included predictions about terrorism, economic collapses and war. More recent forecasts involve fascism in the United States, food riots and tax revolts.[3][11][12][13][14][15] Celente has long predicted global anti-Americanism, a failing economy and immigration woes in the U.S.[11] In December 2007 Celente wrote, "Failing banks, busted brokerages, toppled corporate giants, bankrupt cities, states in default, foreign creditors cashing out of US securities ... whatever the spark, the stage is set for panic in the streets" and "Just as the Twin Towers collapsed from the top down, so too will the U.S. economy ... when the giant firms fall, they’ll crush the man on the street." He has also predicted tax revolts.[16][17] In November 2008 Celente appeared on Fox Business Network and predicted economic depression, tax rebellions and food riots in the United States by 2012.[18] Celente also predicted an "economic 9/11" and a "panic of 2008."[19]
In 2009 Celente predicted turmoil which he described as "Obamageddon" and he was a popular guest on conservative cable-TV shows such as Fox News Sunday and Glenn Beck's television program.[6] In April 2009 Celente wrote, "Wall Street controls our financial lives; the media manipulates our minds. These systems cannot be changed from within. There is no alternative. Without a revolution, these institutions will bankrupt the country, keep fighting failed wars, start new ones, and hold us in perpetual intellectual subjugation."[20] He appeared on the Glenn Beck show and criticized the U.S. stimulus plan of 2009, calling government controlled capitalism "fascism" and saying shopping malls in the U.S. would become "ghost malls."[21] Celente has said, "smaller communities, the smaller groups, the smaller states, the more self-sustaining communities, will 'weather the crisis in style' as big cities and hypertrophic suburbias descend into misery and conflict," and forecasts "a downsizing of America."[14]
Revolution in the USA[link]
On Russia Today, he predicted that the USA would face a revolution.[22]
Neosurvivalism[link]
Celente's website has stated that:
| “ | In 2010, survivalism will go mainstream. Unemployed or fearing it, foreclosed or nearing it, pensions lost and savings gone, all sorts of folk who once believed in the system have lost their faith. Motivated not by worst-case scenario fears but by do-or-die necessity, the new non-believers, unwilling to go under or live on the streets, will devise ingenious stratagems to beat the system, get off the grid (as much as possible), and stay under the radar. | ” |
Predictions[link]
2009[link]
"The Crash of '09 was as dramatic as the crash of '29. The New Depression had begun." (Trends Journal, Summer 2008, pg. 12)
2010[link]
Some areas of the U.S. are experiencing resurgences in real estate values due to highly localized factors, and some investors profit from this. However, the rises will almost all stop and reverse with time, and the overall national trend in real estate values is downward. (T.J. Summer 08, pg. 8)
Ghost malls have become a common sight across America. Especially hard-hit are big chain stores (Sears, Home Depot, etc.). (T.J. Summer 08, pg. 8)
2011[link]
Developers have begun rehabbing some of the ghost malls for more productive uses. (T.J. Summer 08, pg. 9)
2012[link]
The economic policies of the U.S. government over the past few years have failed to fix America's fundamental problems and have merely papered over them and in fact made them worse. By 2012, the "American Empire" is collapsing. In the U.S., basic staple goods like quality food and water are too expensive for most people to afford,(T.J. Summer 08, pg. 1) and "food riots" happen across the country (T.J. Summer 09, pg.1). Major American cities look like disaster zones, and mass homelessness exists across the country. Crime is rampant, with much of it being directed at the rich. (T.J. Summer 08, pg. 1) Kidnappings and ransomings of rich people are on the rise. Average people fed up with big government, high taxes and out-of-control spending join tax revolts. (T.J. Summer 09, pg. 1) The world is also experiencing major environmental problems and "the blackest of plagues." The global financial system has also "melted down" and the situation is very bad outside the U.S.(T.J. Summer 08, pg. 1) The advanced industrial economies collapse first, and their sagging consumer spending drags down the export-based economies of emerging economies next.(T.J. Summer 09, pg. 2) The economy is as bad as it was during the Great Depression in many ways. In spite of all this, the U.S. government, power elites, and mainstream media continue to insist that the fundamentals of the world economy are sound, and that official policies can lead to a recovery. A growing number of average people, however, doubt this. (T.J. Summer 08, pg. 1)
While the Mayan and Hopi prophecies of global destruction do not come to pass, 2012 is indeed a watershed year that sees the death of an ailing and unsustainable global economic system and lifestyle and its replacement with something better. (T.J. Summer 08, pg. 2)
By 2012, Obama is viewed by most as a stale president who sold himself as a fresh, visionary candidate in 2008 and instead proved to be a servant of the big corporations and the military-industrial complex like his predecessors.(T.J. Summer 09, pg. 5) His economic policies only delayed disaster and in fact have made the situation worse: Expansionary monetary policy and the various government bailouts and stimulus programs create a "Bailout Bubble" that invariably bursts in a cataclysm for the U.S. and world economy.(T.J. Summer 09, pg. 11) Obama blames other factors for this and might have even tried to start a war by 2012 to distract attention from the domestic misery.(T.J. Summer 09, pg. 12) Obama's foreign policy has also failed to accomplish anything significant on the world stage, and Pakistan is a mess and the Afghan war continues to drag on without hope of conclusion.(T.J. Summer 09, pg. 12)
In the 2012 U.S. elections, online news sites, bloggers and independent journalists wield as much influence on voters as mainstream media outlets (TV, cable, magazines, newspapers) for the first time. This breaks the corporate and moneyed stranglehold on American politics and allows a third party to attain nation-level recognition. (T.J. Summer 08, pg. 5)
Broad future trends[link]
Americans will adapt to lower standards of living and will travel less, both on a daily basis and for vacations. Higher fuel costs, advances in telecommuting and an aging American population will push many more people to work from home or close to home. Walking-distance communities will be constructed and will become popular. (T.J. Summer 08, pg. 7)
Geographically isolated resort destinations like Las Vegas will wither due to higher fuel costs, lower American incomes and increased overseas competition while vacation spots closer to population centers will revive. (T.J. Summer 08, pg. 9)
Government-run lotteries, on the other hand, will thrive. (T.J. Summer 08, pg. 9)
In America and to a lesser extent overseas, consumer spending habits will be motivated out of fear and escapism. Businesses that capitalize upon this will succeed. (T.J. Summer 09, pg. 24)
Publications[link]
- Trend Tracking: The System to Profit from Today's Trends (1991), ISBN 978-0446392877
- Trends 2000: How to Prepare for and Profit from the Changes of the 21st Century (1997), ISBN 978-0446519014
- What Zizi Gave Honeyboy: A True Story about Love, Wisdom, and the Soul of America (2002), ISBN 978-0066212661
References[link]
- ^ Alderman, Leslie, Seven great businesses for you to start in 1998, money.cnn.com, 15 December 1997, retrieved 3 August 2009
- ^ Hopkins, Steve, Doctor doom - For 2008, Gerald Celente predicts the total collapse of an already damaged economy, WeeklyBeat.net, 23 February 2009, retrieved 3 August 2009
- ^ a b Naughton, Keith, Can Toyota Get Its Mojo Back?, newsweek.com, 17 January 2000, retrieved 3 August 2009
- ^ trendsresearch.com, Gerald Celente, retrieved 16 August 2009
- ^ trendsresearch.com, TV news, retrieved 16 August 2009
- ^ a b foxnews.com, Glenn Beck's War Room, 23 February 2009, retrieved 3 August 2009
- ^ http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GGC7zRxo8k0
- ^ a b Jones, Alex, Alex Jones show, KLBJ (AM), Fascism has come to America , 9 June 2010.
- ^ Thompson, Carolyn, Profiting from seeing into future... Trends translate into predictions of the demands to come, Saint Louis Post-Dispatch, p. 3D, 19 September 1990
- ^ [1]
- ^ a b Dunn, Brad, Happy new year, or '01 to forget?, Daily News Express, 14 December 2000, retrieved 3 August 2009
- ^ Kane, Michael, Gerald Celente trend forecaster knows which way the wind blows, nypost.com, 11 August 2008, retrieved 3 August 2009
- ^ Bader, Jenny Lyn, Ideas & trends - Forget the millennium. Try to predict one week, nytimes.com, 26 December 1999, retrieved 3 August 2009
- ^ a b Ketcham, Christopher, Trends for downsizing the US: The Bright side of the panic of ‘08, atlanticfreepress.com, 27 January 2008, retrieved 3 August 2009
- ^ McGrath, Ben, American chronicles - The dystopians (p. 41, mentions Celente), newyorker.com, 26 January 2009, retrieved 3 August 2009
- ^ Celente, Gerald, Trends journal (scanned print article carried on Celente's website), trendsresearch.com, Winter 2008, retrieved 16 August 2009
- ^ Celente, Gerald, Top Trends 2008: Panic and fear – Solutions and hope, December 2007, retrieved 5 August 2009
- ^ Fox Business Network, (video carried at peoplestar.co.uk), 14 November 2008, retrieved 3 August 2008
- ^ De Borchgrave, Nostradamus redux, washingtontimes.com, 24 November 2008, retrieved 5 August 2009
- ^ Celente, Gerald, Celente calls for "revolution" as the only solution, 14 April 2009, retrieved 16 August 2009
- ^ Fox TV, Gerald Celente: $2000 gold and the break up of the US (video clip carried on YouTube), 2 April 2009, retrieved 16 August 2009
- ^ http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JhaEc_4zuFI&feature=related
External links[link]
| Persondata | |
|---|---|
| Name | Celente, Gerald |
| Alternative names | |
| Short description | American trend forecaster |
| Date of birth | November 29, 1946 |
| Place of birth | The Bronx, New York City, New York, U.S. |
| Date of death | |
| Place of death | |
http://wn.com/Gerald_Celente
This page contains text from Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gerald_Celente
This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, which means that you can copy and modify it as long as the entire work (including additions) remains under this license.
This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, which means that you can copy and modify it as long as the entire work (including additions) remains under this license.
 |
This biographical article needs additional citations for verification. Please help by adding reliable sources. Contentious material about living persons that is unsourced or poorly sourced must be removed immediately, especially if potentially libelous or harmful. (November 2009) |
| Toby Keith | |
|---|---|
 Keith in April 2010 |
|
| Background information | |
| Birth name | Toby Keith Covel |
| Born | (1961-07-08) July 8, 1961 (age 50) |
| Origin | Clinton, Oklahoma, U.S. |
| Genres | Country |
| Occupations | Singer-songwriter, record producer, actor |
| Instruments | Vocals, guitar |
| Years active | 1993–present |
| Labels | Mercury Records Nashville Polydor A&M DreamWorks Nashville Show Dog-Universal (formerly of Show Dog Nashville) |
| Associated acts | Carter's Chord, Scotty Emerick, Lindsey Haun, Mac McAnally, Bobby Pinson, Trailer Choir, Stephen Cochran, Willie Nelson, Sting, Jewel Kilcher, Krystal Keith[1] |
| Website | TobyKeith.com |
Toby Keith Covel (born July 8, 1961) best known as Toby Keith, is an American country music singer-songwriter, record producer and actor. Keith released his first four studio albums — 1993's Toby Keith, 1994's Boomtown, 1996's Blue Moon and 1997's Dream Walkin', plus a Greatest Hits package for various divisions of Mercury Records before leaving Mercury in 1998. These albums all earned gold or higher certification, and produced several chart singles, including his debut "Should've Been a Cowboy", which topped the country charts and was the most played country song of the 1990s. The song has received three million spins since then, according to Broadcast Music Incorporated.[2]
Signed to Nashville DreamWorks in 1998, Keith released his breakthrough single "How Do You Like Me Now?!" that year. This song, the title track to his 1999 album of the same name, was the Number One country song of 2000, and one of several chart-toppers during his tenure on DreamWorks Nashville. His next three albums, Pull My Chain, Unleashed, and Shock'n Y'all, produced three more Number Ones each, and all of the albums were certified multi-platinum. A second Greatest Hits package followed in 2004, and after that, he released Honkytonk University.
When Dreamworks closed in 2005, Keith founded his own label, Show Dog Nashville, which became part of Show Dog-Universal Music in December 2009. He has released five studio albums on this label: 2006's White Trash with Money, 2007's Big Dog Daddy, 2008's That Don't Make Me a Bad Guy, 2009's American Ride and 2010's Bullets in the Gun as well as the compilation 35 Biggest Hits. He has also signed several other acts to the label, including Trailer Choir, Carter's Chord, Flynnville Train, Trace Adkins, Mac McAnally and Mica Roberts. Keith also made his acting debut in 2005, starring in the film Broken Bridges and co-starred with comedian Rodney Carrington in the 2008 film Beer for My Horses.
Keith has released thirteen studio albums, two Christmas albums, and multiple compilation albums. He has also charted more than forty singles on the Billboard Hot Country Songs charts, including nineteen Number One hits and sixteen additional Top Ten hits. His longest-lasting Number One hits are "Beer for My Horses" (a 2003 duet with Willie Nelson) and "As Good as I Once Was" (2005), at six weeks each.
Contents |
Early life[link]
Keith was born in Clinton, Oklahoma, the son of Carolyn Joan (née Ross) and Hubert K. Covel Jr.[3][4] He has a sister, Tonni, and a brother, Tracy. The family lived in Fort Smith, Arkansas, for a few years when Keith was in grade school, but moved to Moore, Oklahoma (a suburb of Oklahoma City) when he was still young.[4] Before the family moved to Moore, he visited his grandmother in Fort Smith during the summers. His grandmother owned Billie Garner's Supper Club in Fort Smith,[citation needed] where Keith became interested in the musicians who came there to play.[4] He did odd jobs around the supper club and started getting up on the bandstand to play with the band. He got his first guitar at the age of eight.[4] After the family moved to Moore, Oklahoma, Keith attended Highland West Junior High and Moore High School, where he played defensive end on the football team.[citation needed]
Keith graduated from Moore High School and worked as a derrick hand in the oil fields. He worked his way up to become an operation manager. At the age of 20, he and his friends Scott Webb, Keith Cory and Danny Smith, with a few others, formed the band Easy Money, which played at local bars as he continued to work in the oil industry. At times, he would have to leave in the middle of a concert if he was paged to work in the oil field.
In 1982, the oil industry in Oklahoma began a rapid decline and Keith soon found himself unemployed. He fell back on his football training and played defensive end with the semi-pro Oklahoma City Drillers while continuing to perform with his band. (The Drillers were an unofficial farm club of the United States Football League's Oklahoma Outlaws; Keith tried out for the Outlaws but did not make the team.) He then returned to focus once again on music. His family and friends were doubtful he would succeed, but in 1984, Easy Money began playing the honky tonk circuit in Oklahoma and Texas. The band cut a single titled "Blue Moon" which received some airplay on local radio stations in Oklahoma.
Career[link]
In the early 1990s, Keith went to Nashville, Tennessee, where he hung out and busked on Music Row and at a place called Houndogs. He distributed copies of a demo tape the band had made to the many record companies in the city. There was no interest by any of the record labels, and Keith returned home feeling depressed. He had promised himself and God to have a recording contract by the time he was 30 years old or give up on music as a career, and had already passed that age without any prospects for a contract.
Fortunately for Keith, a flight attendant and fan of his gave a copy of Keith's demo tape to Harold Shedd, a Mercury Records executive, while he was traveling on a flight she was working. Shedd enjoyed what he heard, went to see Keith perform live and then signed him to a recording contract with Mercury. His debut single, "Should've Been a Cowboy" (1993), went to number 1 on the Billboard country singles chart, and his self-titled debut album was certified platinum. Other hit singles included "A Little Less Talk and a Lot More Action" and "Wish I Didn't Know Now".
Keith was moved to Polydor Records and released his next album, Boomtown (1994), then was moved to A & M Records Nashville, as those two labels merged and released Blue Moon (1996). The albums went gold and platinum, respectively. In 1996, Keith was also featured on the Beach Boys' now out-of-print 1996 album Stars and Stripes Vol. 1 performing a cover of their 1963 hit "Be True to Your School" with the Beach Boys themselves providing the harmonies and backing vocals.
A & M decided to fold their country division and Keith moved back to Mercury Records (now called Mercury Nashville), and released his fourth album, Dream Walkin'' (1997). The album featured a duet with Sting, "I'm So Happy I Can't Stop Crying", which had previously been a hit for Sting himself.
The first single off How Do You Like Me Now?! failed to make the Top 40 on the country charts. However, the follow-up single, which was the album's title track, went on to spend five weeks at number one, helping boost the album's sales to double platinum.
In 2002, he released the Unleashed album which included hit singles, "Who's Your Daddy?", "Beer for My Horses", and "Courtesy of the Red, White, & Blue".
On November 9, 2004, Keith released a remake of James Taylor and Carly Simon's "Mockingbird", a duet with his daughter, Krystal. They performed the song on the 2004 Country Music Awards. The song reached top 25 on the charts.
Keith was the subject of the January 2005 issue of Playboy's Playboy Interview. That year, Keith toured with rock guitarist Ted Nugent, whom Keith met in Iraq while they were both performing in USO-sponsored shows for the coalition troops.
On August 31, 2005, Keith parted ways with Universal Music Group — which had since bought DreamWorks — and launched his own record label, Show Dog Nashville. Its first release was Keith's album White Trash with Money, followed by the soundtrack to Broken Bridges. Big Dog Daddy, which featured his single "High Maintenance Woman", was released on June 12, 2007. The album debuted at the top of the Billboard 200 charts, his third album to reach this feat, after Unleashed and Shock'n Y'all.
He recorded a duet with Jimmy Buffett, "Piece of Work", which was featured on Buffett's album License to Chill.
In 2008, Keith completed his Biggest and Baddest Tour. On May 6, 2008, he released his 35 Biggest Hits 2CD set.[5] The set was certified Platinum in August 2008.
In July 2008, Keith released a single, "She Never Cried in Front of Me". An album, That Don't Make Me a Bad Guy, followed on October 28, 2008.
In 2009, Keith toured the U.S. with fellow country star Trace Adkins on a tour known as America's Toughest Tour. The concert series was kicked off on June 18, 2009 at PNC Bank Performing Arts Center in Holmdel, New Jersey. Keith did a free show earlier in the day at Asbury Park's famous Stone Pony.
Keith's thirteenth studio album, American Ride, was released on October 6, 2009.
In 2010, Keith performed on another USO tour, this time in South Korea.
A studio album, Bullets in the Gun, was released on October 5, 2010.[6]
A new studio album, Clancy's Tavern was released on October 23, 2011. One of its songs, "Red Solo Cup", became a viral hit and gave Keith his biggest hit on the Billboard Hot 100, peaking at #17.
In December 2011, Keith was named "Artist of the Decade" by the American Country Awards.[7]
Television appearances[link]
Keith performed on a series of television advertisements for Telecom USA for that company's discount long distance telephone service 10-10-220. He also starred in Ford commercials, singing original songs such as "Ford Truck Man" and "Field Trip (Look Again)" while driving Ford trucks.
Keith made an appearance at the very first Total Nonstop Action Wrestling (then NWA-TNA) weekly pay-per-view on June 19, 2002, where his playing of "Courtesy of the Red, White and Blue" was interrupted by Jeff Jarrett. He would later enter the Gauntlet for the Gold main event, suplexing Jarrett and eliminating him from the match. A short video of the suplex is seen in the clip package when he goes onstage. He would appear the next week, on June 26, and help Scott Hall defeat Jarrett in singles action.
Keith received the "Colbert Bump" when he appeared on Comedy Central's The Colbert Report. He holds the distinction of being the only musical artist to have received a five star rating from Stephen Colbert on iTunes. Keith furthered this connection when he appeared in Colbert's 2008 Christmas Special as a hunter. Keith also made an appearance as a musical guest on the October 27, 2011 episode of the Colbert Report. Oct. 29, 2011 Toby Keith appeared on Fox Channel's "Huckabee" with former Gov. Mike Huckabee. He played "Bullets in the Gun" and he joined with Huckabee's house band to play a song at the end of the show.
Acting[link]
In the Autumn of 2005, he filmed Broken Bridges, written by Cherie Bennett and Jeff Gottesfeld, and directed by Steven Goldmann. This feature film from Paramount/CMT Films was released on September 8, 2006. In this contemporary story set in small-town Tennessee, Keith plays Bo Price, a washed-up country musician. The movie also stars Kelly Preston, Burt Reynolds, Tess Harper, and Lindsey Haun.
Keith wrote and starred in the 2008 movie Beer for My Horses, which is based on the 2003 hit song of the same name recorded by Keith and Willie Nelson.[8]
Other business ventures[link]
Main article: Toby Keith's I Love This Bar & Grill
In 2005, Keith opened Toby Keith's I Love This Bar & Grill in Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, as well as Tulsa, Oklahoma, and now also has restaurants in Thackerville, Oklahoma; Auburn Hills, Michigan; Kansas City; Las Vegas; Mesa, Arizona; St. Louis Park, Minnesota; Foxborough, Massachusetts;Cincinnati, Ohio and Denver, Colorado. Keith does not actually own the new restaurants; the new restaurant is the first in a franchise under Scottsdale, Arizona-based Capri Restaurant Group Enterprises LLC, which purchased the master license agreement to build more Toby Keith restaurants nationwide. Capri Restaurant Group is owned by Frank Capri, who opened the restaurant in Mesa in the shopping center known as Mesa Riverview and is planning on opening multiple locations across the country.[9]
File:JpeglogoSmall-1.jpg
Logo for Toby Keith's Bar & Grill
In 2009, Capri Restaurant Group announced that it will open another I Love this Bar & Grill location in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania's South Side Works shopping and entertainment district.[10]
February 2010 marked the opening of the Toby Keith's I Love This Bar & Grill in the Winstar World Casino, exit 1 on Interstate 35 in Oklahoma. Other locations opened in 2010 by the Capri Restaurant Group included those in Great Lakes Crossing in Auburn Hills, Michigan and in the Shops at West End in St. Louis Park, Minnesota. Expected to open in late 2011 is the location at The Shops at Oyster Point in Newport News, Virginia.[11][12]
Keith also established a line of clothing, "TK Steelman", in early 2009.[13]
Keith also supports Ally's House, a non-profit organization in Oklahoma designed to aid children with cancer. Of the charity, Keith said:
This is a special charity to me. I saw firsthand how a child's cancer diagnosis can devastate a family. Please join me in supporting these kids through Ally's House. We're gonna make it better for the kids.[14]
In 2011, Keith also started showing his love for the flavors of Mexico by introducing a new drink named “Wild Shot". At first it was only available in Mexico, but now is sold and served in America. It is also a featured drink in his restaurant chain "I Love this Bar and Grill".
Political beliefs[link]
Since 2002, Keith has made numerous trips to the Middle East to bring entertainment and encouragement to US men and women serving on or near the front lines. “My father was a soldier. He taught his kids to respect veterans,” said Keith. “It’s that respect and the thank-you that we have a military that’s in place and ready to defend our nation; our freedom.”[15]
In 2004, Keith called himself "a conservative Democrat who is sometimes embarrassed for his party".[16] He endorsed the re-election of President George W. Bush in the 2004 presidential election and performed at a Dallas, Texas, rally on the night before the election. Keith also endorsed Democrat Dan Boren in his successful run in Oklahoma's 2nd congressional district and is good friends with former Democratic New Mexico Governor Bill Richardson. In a January 2007 interview with Newsday, Keith was asked whether he supported the Iraq War. He responded with "Never did," and said he favors setting a time limit on the campaign. He also said, "I don't apologize for being patriotic... If there is something socially incorrect about being patriotic and supporting your troops, then they can kiss my ass on that, because I'm not going to budge on that at all. And that has nothing to do with politics. Politics is what's killing America."
In April 2008, Keith said that Barack Obama "looks like a great speaker and a great leader. And I think you can learn on your feet in there, so I don't hold people responsible for not having a whole bunch of political background in the House and Senate."[17] At the same time he remarked, "I think [John] McCain is a great option too." In August 2008, he called Obama "the best Democratic candidate we've had since Bill Clinton".[18]
In October 2008, Keith told CMT that he had left the Democratic Party and has re-registered as an independent. "My party that I've been affiliated with all these years doesn't stand for anything that I stand for anymore," he says. "They've lost any sensibility that they had, and they've allowed all the kooks in. So I'm going independent." He also told CMT that he would likely vote for the Republican ticket, partially because of his admiration for Sarah Palin.[19]
In March 2009, Keith received the Johnny "Mike" Spann Memorial Semper Fidelis Award during a New York ceremony held by the Marine Corps-Law Enforcement Foundation. The trophy is named for the CIA operative (and former Marine Corps captain) who was the first U.S. casualty in the war in Afghanistan. "Spending time with our soldiers around the world is something I've always regarded as a privilege and honor," he said. "I'm certainly happy to accept this award, but I won't forget for a second who's really doing the heavy lifting to keep this country safe. And that's why I'll keep going back and spending time with those good folks every chance I get."[20]
In April 2009, he voiced support for Obama on Afghanistan and other decisions: "He hired one of my best friends who I think should run for president someday...Gen. James Jones as a national security adviser. He's sending troops into Afghanistan, help is on the way there. And I'm seeing some really good middle range stuff. I'm giving our commander in chief a chance before I start grabbing. So far, I'm cool with it."[21]
Courtesy of the Red, White & Blue[link]
Main article: Courtesy of the Red, White & Blue
On March 24, 2001, Keith’s father, H.K. Covel, was killed in a car accident. That event and the September 11 attacks in 2001 prompted Keith to write the song "Courtesy of the Red, White, & Blue", a song about his father’s patriotism and faith in the United States. At first, Keith refused to record the song and sang it only live at his concerts for military personnel. The reaction to the song, the lyrics of which express clear nationalistic and militaristic sentiments, was strong in many quarters, even to the point that the Commandant of the Marine Corps James L. Jones told Keith it was his "duty as an American citizen" to record the song.[22] As the lead single from the album Unleashed (2002), "Courtesy of the Red, White, & Blue" peaked at number one over the Fourth of July weekend.
ABC invited Keith to sing "Courtesy of the Red, White, & Blue" on a 2002 Fourth of July concert it was producing, then rescinded the invitation after host Peter Jennings heard the song and vetoed it. Jennings said the song "probably wouldn’t set the right tone". "I find it interesting that he's not from the U.S.", Keith said of Jennings, who was Canadian. "I bet Dan Rather'd let me do it on his special."[23][24]
Feud with the Dixie Chicks[link]
Keith had a public feud with the Dixie Chicks over the song "Courtesy of the Red, White, & Blue", in 2003 as well as over comments they made about President George W. Bush on stage during a concert in London. The lead singer of the Dixie Chicks, Natalie Maines, publicly stated that Keith's song was "ignorant, and it makes country music sound ignorant".[25] Keith responded by belittling Maines' songwriting skills, and by displaying a backdrop at his concerts showing a doctored photo of Maines with Iraqi dictator Saddam Hussein. On May 21, 2003, Maines wore a T-shirt with the letters "FUTK" on the front at the Academy of Country Music Awards.[26] While a spokesperson for the Dixie Chicks said that the acronym stood for "Friends United in Truth and Kindness," many, including host Vince Gill, took it to be a shot at Keith ("Fuck You Toby Keith"). In an October 2004 appearance on Real Time with Bill Maher, Maines finally confessed that it was indeed a shot at Keith, and that she "thought that nobody would get it".[27]
In August 2003, Keith's representation publicly declared he was done feuding with Maines "because he's realized there are far more important things to concentrate on". Keith was referring specifically to the terminal illness of a former bandmate's daughter, Allison Faith Webb.[28] However, he continues to refuse to say Maines' name, and claims that the doctored photo was intended to express his opinion that Maines' criticism was an attempt to squelch Keith's free speech.[20]
In April 2008, a commercial spot to promote Al Gore's "We Campaign", involving both Keith and the Dixie Chicks, was proposed. However, the idea was eventually abandoned due to scheduling conflicts.[29]
Personal life[link]
On March 24, 1984, Keith married Tricia Lucus. He is the father of three children—two daughters, Shelley Covel Rowland[30](born 1980, adopted by Keith in 1984) and Krystal "Krystal Keith" LaDawn Covel Sandubrae (born 1985), and one son (Stelen Keith Covel, born 1997). He also has one granddaughter (born 2008; mother is Shelley) and one grandson (born 2010; mother is also Shelley). Daughter Krystal Keith has been known to sing with her father on stage and is an aspiring country singer, following in the footsteps of her dad.[31] An avid University of Oklahoma sports fan, Keith is often seen at Oklahoma Sooners games and practices. He is also a fan of professional wrestling, being seen in the front row of numerous WWE shows that take place in Oklahoma, as well as performing "Courtesy of the Red, White, & Blue (The Angry American)" live at the first ever TNA Wrestling show on June 19, 2002. He is also a Free Will Baptist[32].
On March 24, 2001, Keith's father was killed in a car accident on Interstate 35. On December 25, 2007, the Covel family was awarded $2.8 million for the wrongful death of H.K. Covel. Elias and Pedro Rodriguez, operators of Rodriguez Transportes of Tulsa, and the Republic Western Insurance Co. were found liable as they failed to properly equip the charter bus with properly working air brakes.[33]
Keith has an honorary degree from Villanova University, which he attended for one year.
Tours[link]
- Brooks & Dunn's Neon Circus & Wild West Show 2001
- Unleashed Tour 2002
- with Jamie O'Neal and Emerson Drive
- Big Throwdown Tour 2004
- Shock'N Y'all Tour 2005
- White Trash With Money Tour 2006
- Hookin' Up & Hangin' Out Tour 2007
- with Miranda Lambert
- Big Dog Daddy Tour 2007
- Biggest & Baddest Tour 2008-2009
- with Montgomery Gentry and Trailer Choir
- America's Toughest Tour 2009
- with Trace Adkins Also Julianne Hough(Few Dates)
- Toby Keith's American Ride Tour 2010
- with Trace Adkins & James Otto
- Locked & Loaded Tour 2011
- with Eric Church & JT Hodges
- Live in Overdrive Tour
- with Brantley Gilbert
Discography[link]
Main article: Toby Keith discography
Studio albums[link]
- Toby Keith (1993)
- Boomtown (1994)
- Blue Moon (1996)
- Dream Walkin' (1997)
- How Do You Like Me Now?! (1999)
- Pull My Chain (2001)
- Unleashed (2002)
- Shock'n Y'all (2003)
- Honkytonk University (2005)
- White Trash with Money (2006)
- Big Dog Daddy (2007)
- That Don't Make Me a Bad Guy (2008)
- American Ride (2009)
- Bullets in the Gun (2010)
- Clancy's Tavern (2011)
Compilation albums[link]
- Greatest Hits Volume One (1998)
- 20th Century Masters: The Millennium Collection (2003)
- Greatest Hits 2 (2004)
- 35 Biggest Hits (2008)
Christmas albums[link]
- Christmas to Christmas (1995)
- A Classic Christmas (2007)
Number one singles[link]
- "Should've Been a Cowboy"
- "Who's That Man"
- "Me Too"
- "How Do You Like Me Now?!"
- "You Shouldn't Kiss Me Like This"
- "I'm Just Talkin' About Tonight"
- "I Wanna Talk About Me"
- "My List"
- "Courtesy of the Red, White, & Blue (The Angry American)"
- "Who's Your Daddy?"
- "Beer for My Horses" (duet with Willie Nelson)
- "I Love This Bar"
- "American Soldier"
- "Whiskey Girl"
- "As Good as I Once Was"
- "Love Me If You Can"
- "She Never Cried in Front of Me"
- "God Love Her"
- "American Ride"
- "Made in America"
Notable awards[link]
- 2002 Favorite Country Album - "Unleashed"
- 2003 Favorite Country Album - "Shock'n Y'all"
- 2003 Favorite Country Male Artist
- 2005 Favorite Country Male Artist
- 2000 Album of the Year - "How Do You Like Me Now?!"
- 2000 Top Male Vocalist
- 2002 Entertainer of the Year
- 2003 Album of the Year - "Shock'n Y'all"
- 2003 Entertainer of the Year
- 2003 Top Male Vocalist
- 2003 Video of the Year with Willie Nelson - "Beer for My Horses"
Billboard
- Country Artist Of The Decade
American Country Awards
- Visionary Artist Award at the Inagural American Country Awards, given out on Monday, December 6, 2010.
References[link]
- ^ "News Article: Singer Uses Stage to Bring Attention to Servicemembers’ Sacrifices". Defense.gov. http://www.defense.gov/news/newsarticle.aspx?id=53928. Retrieved 2012-03-26.
- ^ Shelburne, Craig (March 1, 2007), Toby Keith Jams, Notches 50 Million Airplays, CMT.com, retrieved April 9, 2010
- ^ Reitwiesner, William Addams. "Ancestry of Toby Keith". wargs.com. http://www.wargs.com/other/covel.html. Retrieved 2008-09-12.
- ^ a b c d "Toby Keith : Biography". Biography. cmt.com. http://www.cmt.com/artists/az/keith_toby/bio.jhtml. Retrieved 2008-09-12.
- ^ "Toby To Release Greatest Hits CD"
- ^ "Toby Keith Preps Bullets In The Gun - Undercover.fm News". Undercover.com.au. 2010-07-26. http://www.undercover.com.au/News-Story.aspx?id=11453_Toby_Keith_Preps_Bullets_In_The_Gun. Retrieved 2012-03-26.
- ^ RollingStone.com Retrieved on 2011-12-16.
- ^ Beer for My Horses (2008)
- ^ "Toby Keith draws huge crowd at opening | Metromix Phoenix". Phoenix.metromix.com. 2009-06-04. http://phoenix.metromix.com/bars-and-clubs/article/toby-keith-draws-huge/1228396/content. Retrieved 2012-03-26.
- ^ Toby Keith's I Love This Bar and Grill coming to South Side PittsburghLive.com, August 18, 2009
- ^ "New Business — Thackerville - Ardmore, OK - The Daily Ardmoreite". Ardmoreite.com. 2010-03-09. http://www.ardmoreite.com/homepage/x1918408516/New-Business-Thackerville. Retrieved 2012-03-26.
- ^ "Toby Keith restaurant coming to City Center in Newport News - Daily Press". Articles.dailypress.com. 2011-03-16. http://articles.dailypress.com/2011-03-16/news/dp-nws-toby-keith-city-center-20110315_1_muviville-restaurant-tax-increment-financing-tax. Retrieved 2012-03-26.
- ^ Toby Keith Takes on Fashion People.com, January 30, 2009
- ^ http://www.allyshouse.net/images/brochure.pdf
- ^ Greenberger, Michael (April 28, 2009). "Toby Keith Entertains Troops in Afghanistan". American Forces Press Service. http://www.defenselink.mil/news/newsarticle.aspx?id=54109. Retrieved 2009-07-17.
- ^ Morse, Steve (July 23, 2004). "He's not afraid to speak out for his country". Boston Globe. http://www.boston.com/news/globe/living/articles/2004/07/23/hes_not_afraid_to_speak_out_for_his_country/. Retrieved 2008-09-12.
- ^ Finan, Eileen (2008-04-15). "Surprise! Toby Keith Likes Clinton and Obama - Music News, Toby Keith". People.com. http://www.people.com/people/article/0,,20191564,00.html. Retrieved 2012-03-26.
- ^ Thill, Scott (2008-08-19). "WTF? Toby Keith, Democrat, Likes Obama | Listening Post". Wired.com. http://www.wired.com/listening_post/2008/08/wtf-toby-keith/. Retrieved 2012-03-26.
- ^ Toby Keith registering as Independent Voter
- ^ a b [1][dead link]
- ^ Gavin, Patrick (2009-04-22). "VIDEO: Toby Keith 'cool' with Obama - POLITICO.com Print View". Dyn.politico.com. http://dyn.politico.com/printstory.cfm?uuid=CD81F6BF-18FE-70B2-A835E2B5DC7E9328. Retrieved 2012-03-26.
- ^ "Courtesy Of The Red, White & Blue: Singer Talks About His Defiantly Patriotic Songs". CBS News. 2003-12-31. http://www.cbsnews.com/stories/2003/10/28/60II/main580469.shtml. Retrieved 2007-06-05.
- ^ Mansfield, Brian (June 13, 2002), Singer Toby Keith speaks out on ABC censorship, USA Today, retrieved April 9, 2010
- ^ Leung, Rebecca (December 31, 2003), "Courtesy Of The Red, White & Blue", CBS News, retrieved April 9, 2010
- ^ Natalie Maines (Dixie Chick member) Bashes Toby Keith's Patriotic Anthem @ Top40-Charts.com - 40 Top 20 & Top 40 Music Charts from 25 Countries
- ^ "Fresh Dixie Chicks row erupts". BBC News. June 3, 2003. http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/entertainment/2958450.stm. Retrieved May 25, 2010.
- ^ "video of Dixie Chicks appearing on Real Time with Bill Maher". http://www.yoism.org/?q=node/216.
- ^ Toby Keith - Tobey (sic) Keith Ends Feud With Natalie Maines
- ^ Talk Talk: Toby Keith Unplugged
- ^ [2]Facebook of Shelley Covel Rowland, Found via Facebook of Alicia Sandubrae, Sister-in-Law of Krystal Keith (found via Facebook Search)
- ^ "Mockingbird" by Krystal Keith and Toby Keith Covel (accessed 2012-04-18).
- ^ [3]"Toby Keith's Father To Be Buried Today"
- ^ Cannon, Jane Glenn (December 25, 2007), Toby's family satisfied, The Oklahoman, retrieved April 9, 2010
External links[link]
 |
Wikiquote has a collection of quotations related to: Toby Keith |
|
Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Toby Keith |
|
||||||||||||||
| Persondata | |
|---|---|
| Name | Keith, Toby |
| Alternative names | |
| Short description | |
| Date of birth | July 8, 1961 |
| Place of birth | |
| Date of death | |
| Place of death | |
http://wn.com/Toby_Keith
This page contains text from Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toby_Keith
This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, which means that you can copy and modify it as long as the entire work (including additions) remains under this license.
This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, which means that you can copy and modify it as long as the entire work (including additions) remains under this license.
For other people named George Jones, see George Jones (disambiguation).
| George Jones | |
|---|---|
 Jones performing at Harrah's Metropolis in Metropolis, Illinois in June 2002 |
|
| Background information | |
| Birth name | George Glenn Jones |
| Also known as | No Show Jones[1] The Possum[1] |
| Born | (1931-09-12) September 12, 1931 (age 80) Saratoga, Texas, USA |
| Origin | Vidor, Texas, USA |
| Genres | Country |
| Occupations | singer-songwriter |
| Instruments | acoustic guitar vocals |
| Years active | 1954–present |
| Labels | Starday Mercury United Artists Musicor Epic MCA Nashville Asylum Bandit |
| Associated acts | Tammy Wynette, Merle Haggard |
| Website | www.GeorgeJones.com |
George Glenn Jones (born September 12, 1931) is an American country music singer known for his long list of hit records, his distinctive voice and phrasing, and his marriage to Tammy Wynette.
Over the past 20 years, Jones has frequently been referred to as the greatest living country singer.[2][3] Country music scholar Bill C. Malone writes, "For the two or three minutes consumed by a song, Jones immerses himself so completely in its lyrics, and in the mood it conveys, that the listener can scarcely avoid becoming similarly involved."
Throughout his long career, Jones made headlines often as much for tales of his drinking, stormy relationships with women, and violent rages as for his prolific career of making records and touring. His wild lifestyle led to Jones missing many performances, earning him the nickname "No Show Jones."[1] With the help of his fourth wife, Nancy, he has been sober for over 10 years. Jones has had more than 150 hits during his career, both as a solo artist and in duets with other artists. The shape of his nose and facial features have given Jones the nickname "The Possum." Jones said in an interview that he has chosen to tour only about 60 dates a year.
Contents |
Biography[link]
Early life[link]
George Glenn Jones was born on September 12, 1931 in Saratoga, Texas, and was raised in Vidor, Texas, with his brother and five sisters.[4] When he was seven, his parents bought a radio and he heard country music for the first time. Given a guitar when he was nine, Jones was soon busking for money on the streets of Beaumont.
He left home at 16 and went to Jasper, Texas, where he sang and played on the radio station. He married his first wife Dorothy when he was 19, but they divorced within a year. The Korean War was underway, and he enlisted in the United States Marine Corps. He was stationed in California for his entire service. Not long after his discharge, his music career took off.[5]
Wild years[link]
Jones's identity was closely tied to his alcoholism. One of the best known stories of Jones' drinking days happened when he was married to his second wife, Shirley Corley. Jones recalled Shirley making it physically impossible for him to travel to Beaumont, located 8 miles away, and buy liquor. Because Jones would not walk that far, she would hide the keys to each of their cars they owned before leaving. She, however, did not hide the keys to the lawn mower. Jones recollects being upset at not being able to find any keys before looking out the window and at a light that shone over their property. He then described his thoughts, saying: "There, gleaming in the glow, was that ten-horsepower rotary engine under a seat. A key glistening in the ignition. I imagine the top speed for that old mower was five miles per hour. It might have taken an hour and a half or more for me to get to the liquor store, but get there I did."[6]
In her 1979 autobiography, former wife Tammy Wynette recalled waking at 1 AM to find her husband gone: "I got into the car and drove to the nearest bar 10 miles away. When I pulled into the parking lot there sat our rider-mower right by the entrance. He'd driven that mower right down a main highway. He looked up and saw me and said, `Well, fellas, here she is now. My little wife, I told you she'd come after me.'"[7]
Jones later jokingly sang of the lawn mower incident in his 1996 single "Honky Tonk Song", and parodied his arrest in the music video.
In the 1970s, a manager introduced Jones to cocaine before a show, because he was too tired to perform. His self-destructive behavior brought him close to death and he was in an Alabama psychiatric hospital by the end of the decade. Celebrated by some of his fans as the hard-drinkin', fast-livin' spiritual-son of his idol, Hank Williams, Jones missed so many engagements that he gained the nickname of "No-Show Jones." (The song "No-Show Jones" makes fun of Jones and other country singers.) He was often penniless and admits that Waylon Jennings and Johnny Cash came to his financial aid during this time.
Poking fun at his past, three country music videos would feature Jones arriving on a riding lawn mower. The first was Hank Williams, Jr's "All My Rowdy Friends Are Coming Over Tonight" in 1984 while the second was Vince Gill's "One More Last Chance" in 1993. Gill's song mentioned the mower with the lines "She might have took my car keys, but she forgot about my old John Deere." At the end of Gill's video, he is leaving the golf course on a John Deere tractor and greets Jones with "Hey, possum." Jones, arriving at the golf course driving a John Deere riding lawn mower with a set of golf clubs mounted behind him, replies to Gill "Hey, sweet pea." The third is John Rich's "Country Done Come to Town" and shows George mowing grass on the rooftop on a zero turn mower.
The Jones Boys band[link]
George Jones has had many great musicians over the years, with many finding much success in Nashville as session players and singers. These singers include: Hank Singer, Brittany Allyn, Sonny Curtis, Ron Gaddis, Kent Goodson, Bobby Burkhead, Dan Schafer[8] and Steve Hinson.
Marriages[link]
Jones was married twice before he was 24. His 1950 marriage to Dorothy Bonvillion lasted a year, but they had a daughter, Susan. In 1954, Jones married Shirley Ann Corley. This marriage lasted until 1968 and produced two sons, Jeffrey and Bryan. He married Tammy Wynette in 1969. They stayed married for six years and had a daughter, Tamala Georgette. As Georgette Jones, she is a country singer and has performed on stage with her father. Jones married his current wife, Nancy Sepulvado, on March 4, 1983 in Woodville, Texas. Nancy became his manager. Jones credits his wife Nancy for rescuing him from drinking and cocaine. They now live in Franklin, Tennessee.
Wives[link]
- Dorothy Bonvillion (1950 – 1951) (divorced) 1 daughter
- Shirley Ann Corley (September 14, 1954 – June 11, 1968) (divorced) 2 sons
- Tammy Wynette (February 16, 1969 – March 13, 1975) (divorced) 1 daughter
- Nancy Sepulvado (March 4, 1983 – present)
Awards and honors[link]
For a list of awards and accomplishments, see List of George Jones awards.
Jones has received many honors during his long career, from Most Promising New Country Vocalist in 1956, being inducted into the Country Music Hall of Fame in 1992, and being named a Kennedy Center Honoree in 2008. In 2012 he was presented with a Grammy Lifetime Achievement award. At the ceremony his longtime friend Merle Haggard paid tribute to him.[9]
He served as judge in 2008 for the 8th annual Independent Music Awards to support independent artists' careers.[10]
Number one country hits[link]
- "White Lightning" (1959)
- "Tender Years" (1961)
- "She Thinks I Still Care" (1962)
- "Walk Through This World with Me" (1967)
- "We're Gonna Hold On" (with Tammy Wynette) (1973)
- "The Grand Tour (song)" (1974)
- "The Door (George Jones song)" (1975)
- "Golden Ring (song)" (with Tammy Wynette) (1976)
- "Near You" (with Tammy Wynette) (1977)
- "He Stopped Loving Her Today" (1980)
- "I Was Country When Country Wasn't Cool" (with Barbara Mandrell) (1981)
- "Still Doin' Time" (1981)
- "Yesterday's Wine" (with Merle Haggard) (1982)
- "I Always Get Lucky with You" (1983)
Discography[link]
Further information: George Jones discography
See also[link]
- Academy of Country Music
- List of country musicians
- Country Music Association
- List of best-selling music artists
- Inductees of the Country Music Hall of Fame (1992 inductee)
References[link]
- ^ a b c "GEORGE JONES MAKES PEACE WITH HIS NICKNAMES". http://www.georgejones.com/news.php/2009/12/21/george-jones-makes-peace-with-his-nickna. Retrieved 10 April 2012.
- ^ CMT.com : George Jones : Biography
- ^ "Biography". http://www.allmusic.com/artist/george-jones-p1669. Retrieved 10 April 2012.
- ^ Jones, George with Tom Carter (1997). I Lived To Tell It All. Dell Publishing. p. 8. ISBN 0-440-22373-3.
- ^ Erlewine, Stephen Thomas (2003). All Music Guide to Country (2nd edition ed.). San Francisco, CA: Backbeat. p. 387. ISBN 0-87930-760-9.
- ^ Jones, George. (1996). I Lived to Tell It All. New York: Dell Publishing Company
- ^ Wynette, Tammy; Wynette, Dew and Wynette, Joan, "Stand By Your Man", 1979, New York: Simon and Schuster
- ^ "Dan Schafer Artist performances". www.DanSchafer.com. http://timashley.tripod.com/schafer_pic.html. Retrieved 2012-02-05.
- ^ Grammy Awards
- ^ Independent Music Awards - Past Judges
Further reading[link]
- I Lived to Tell it All, George Jones with Tom Carter, Dell Publishing, 1997, ISBN 0-440-22373-3
- In The Country of Country: A Journey to the Roots of American Music, Nicholas Dawidoff, Vintage Books, 1998, ISBN 0-375-70082-X
- Country Music U.S.A., Bill C. Malone, University of Texas Press, 1985, ISBN 0-292-71096-8
- Joel Whitburn's Top Country Songs, 1944 to 2005, Record Research, Inc., Menomonee Falls, WS, 2005, ISBN 0-89820-165-9
External links[link]
|
Wikimedia Commons has media related to: George Jones (musician) |
- Official Website
- A Tribute to the Greatest Country Song of All Time
- Official MySpace
- George Jones Country Sausage
- Record Label
- at the Country Music Hall of Fame
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Persondata | |
|---|---|
| Name | Jones, George |
| Alternative names | |
| Short description | United States Marine |
| Date of birth | September 12, 1931 |
| Place of birth | Saratoga, Texas |
| Date of death | |
| Place of death | |
http://wn.com/George_Jones
This page contains text from Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/George_Jones
This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, which means that you can copy and modify it as long as the entire work (including additions) remains under this license.
This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, which means that you can copy and modify it as long as the entire work (including additions) remains under this license.
