A crore ( /ˈkrɔər/; abbreviated cr; Hindi: करोड़, Nepali: करोड, Urdu: کروڑ) is a unit in the South Asian numbering system equal to ten million (10,000,000; 10⁷), or 100 lakhs. It is widely used in India, Bangladesh, Nepal, and Pakistan.

Usage[link]

Money[link]

Large amounts of money in India are often written in the form "23 cr", that is, 23,00,00,000 rupees (230,000,000 in Western notation). Although lakhs are used in Sri Lanka, most Sri Lankans do not use the term crore when referring to money, but they use the word "koatiya" (කෝටිය) to indicate 100 lakhs or ten million.

Very large amounts of money are often written or spoken in terms of "lakh crore", e.g. one lakh crore rupees (or Rs.1 lakh cr) = Rs.(1,00,000 × 1,00,00,000) = Rs. 1 trillion; 1,000,000,000,000 in Western notation = 10¹² rupees. This amount is also equal to ten kharab rupees according to the South Asian numbering system, but such terms are rare in common usage.

Other[link]

The term is used wherever large numbers are involved: e.g. India is a country with a population of over a 100 crores. and other e.g. is "world population is over 700 crores"

Etymology and regional variants[link]

The word "crore" is derived from the Prakrit word krodi ,^[1] denoting "ten million" in the Indian numbering system, which has separate terms for most powers of ten from 10⁰ up to 10¹⁹. The crore is known by various regional names in modern languages, all derived from the Sanskrit word कोटि koṭi.

South Asian languages[link]

• Assamese: কোটি koṭi, কৌটি kouṭi
• Bengali: কোটি koṭi
• Gujarati: કરોડ karoḍ
• Hindi: करोड़ karoṛ
  • Bombay Hindi: खोका khokā (which in Marathi means a 'box'. That is the amount of money in Rs. 100 notes that can fit into a khoka.)
• Kannada: ಕೋಟಿ koṭi
• Konkani: कोटि koṭi or karoṛ
• Malayalam: കോടി koḍi (often written koti)
• Marathi: कोटि koṭi
• Oriya: କୋଟି koṭi
• Pashto: خبری korur
• Punjabi: کروڑ/ਕਰੋੜ karoṛ (often written karor)
• Sindhi: kiroṛu
• Sinhala කෝටිය koṭiya
• Tamil: கோடி koṭi (often written koti)
• Telugu: కోటీ koṭī
• Urdu: کروڑ karoṛ

Translation of crore into non-South Asian languages[link]

• Arabic: الكرور عشرة ملايين al-krūr ('ashra malāyyin)
• Burmese: ကုဋေ [ɡədè] (increasingly archaic)
• Chinese: 千万 qiānwàn
• Japanese: クロー kurō (but 千万 senman is more normally used)
• Korean: 천만 cheonman
• Persian: خبری khbri
• Tagalog: karora (also called kotiha or kotiya / but often called sampung milyon)
• Thai: โกฏิ kot or kot̩i (from Pali koti, obsolete)

See also[link]

• Lakh (= 0.01 crore)
• Indian numbering system
• Names of numbers in English
• Names of large numbers

Notes[link]

References[link]

• Encyclopædia Britannica 11th Edition s.v. crore full text of article
• Oxford English Dictionary, s.v. crore

This number article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it. v t e

D

The 100: A Ranking of the Most Influential Persons in History is a 1978 book by Michael H. Hart, reprinted in 1992 with revisions. It is a ranking of the 100 people who, according to Hart, most influenced human history.^[1]

The first person on Hart's list is the Prophet of Islam Muhammad.^[2] Hart asserted that Muhammad was "supremely successful" in both the religious and secular realms. He also believed that Muhammad's role in the development of Islam was far more influential than Jesus' collaboration in the development of Christianity. He attributes the development of Christianity to St. Paul, who played a pivotal role in its dissemination."^[3]

The 1992 revisions included the demotion of figures associated with Communism, such as Vladimir Lenin and Mao Zedong, and the introduction of Mikhail Gorbachev. Hart took sides in the Shakespearean authorship issue and substituted Edward de Vere, 17th Earl of Oxford for William Shakespeare. Hart also substituted Niels Bohr and Henri Becquerel with Ernest Rutherford, thus correcting an error in the first edition. Henry Ford was also promoted from the "Honorary Mentions" list, replacing Pablo Picasso. Finally, some of the rankings were re-ordered, although no one listed in the top ten changed position.

Hart wrote another book in 1999, entitled A View from the Year 3000,^[4] voiced in the perspective of a person from that future year and ranking the most influential people in history. Roughly half of those entries are fictional people from 2000–3000, but the remainder are actual people. These were taken mostly from the 1992 edition, with some re-ranking of order.

Hart's Top 10 (from the 1992 edition)[link]

Rank	Name	Time Frame	Image	Occupation	Influence
1	Muhammad	c. 570–632		Secular and religious leader	The central human figure of Islam, regarded by Muslims as a prophet of God and the last messenger. Active as a social reformer, diplomat, merchant, philosopher, orator, legislator, military leader, humanitarian, philanthropist.
2	Isaac Newton	1643–1727		Scientist	English physicist, mathematician, astronomer, natural philosopher, alchemist, and theologian. His law of universal gravitation and three laws of motion laid the groundwork for classical mechanics.
3	Jesus Christ	7–2 BC – 26–36 AD		Spiritual leader	The central figure of Christianity, revered by Christians as the Son of God and the incarnation of God.
4	Buddha	563–483 BC		Spiritual leader	Spiritual teacher and philosopher from ancient India. Founder of Buddhism and is also considered an Gautama Buddha in Hinduism.
5	Confucius	551–479 BC		Philosopher	Chinese thinker and social philosopher, whose teachings and philosophy have deeply influenced Chinese, Korean, Japanese, Vietnamese and Indonesian thought and life. Founded Confucianism, and influenced Neo-Confucianism and New Confucianism.
6	St. Paul	5–67 AD		Christian apostle	One of the most notable of early Christian missionaries, credited with proselytizing and spreading Christianity outside of Palestine (mainly to the Romans) and author of numerous letters of the New Testament of the Bible.
7	Cài Lún	50–121 AD		Political official in imperial China	Widely regarded as the inventor of paper and the papermaking process.
8	Johannes Gutenberg	1398–1468		Inventor	German printer who invented the mechanical printing press.
9	Christopher Columbus	1451–1506	70px	Explorer	Italian navigator, colonizer and explorer whose voyages led to general European awareness of the American continents.
10	Albert Einstein	1879–1955		Scientist	German theoretical physicist, best known for his theory of relativity and specifically mass–energy equivalence, expressed by the equation E = mc2.

See also[link]

• Time 100

References[link]

1. ^ Michael H. Hart The 100: A Ranking of the Most Influential Persons in History. first published in 1978, reprinted with minor revisions 1992. ISBN 978-0-8065-1068-2
2. ^ The 100: A Ranking of the Most Influential Persons in History^{[dead link]}
3. ^ Michael H. Hart, "The 100: A Ranking of the Most Influential Persons in History", Citadel Publishing, 2000, ISBN 978-0-8065-1350-8
4. ^ Michael H. Hart. A view from the year 3000: a ranking of the 100 most influential persons of all time; first published in 1999

External links[link]

• Religious Affiliation of History's 100 Most Influential People

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Akbaruddin Owaisi
Member of the AP Legislative Assembly
Incumbent
Assumed office 1999
Preceded by	Amanullah Khan
Constituency	Chandrayan Gutta Hyderabad
Personal details
Born	(1971-06-14) June 14, 1971 (age 41) Hyderabad, Andhra Pradesh
Political party	All India Majlis-e Ittihad al-Muslimin
Children	2
Residence	Hyderabad
Religion	Sunni Islam
As of September 16, 2006

Akbaruddin Owaisi (born 14 June 1971) is an Indian politician and a MLA.^[1] He belongs to All India Majlis-e Ittihad al-Muslimin and is its floor leader in Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly.

Early life[link]

Akbaruddin Owaisi was born in Hyderabad to Sultan Salahuddin Owaisi on 14 June 1971. His elder brother is Asaduddin Owaisi, Member of Parliament representing Hyderabad constituency. Akbaruddin Owaisi discontinued his MBBS study midway to help his father, Late Sultan Salahuddin Owaisi retain the Chandrayangutta assembly constituency by winning the elections in 1999. Akbaruddin was first elected to the state Assembly in 1999 and served as a deputy to his elder brother Asaduddin Owaisi, who was leading the MIM in the House. In 2004, Akbaruddin became the floor leader of MIM in the Assembly upon Asaduddin’s election to Lok Sabha from Hyderabad. He was relected in 2009 and now leads the seven-member MIM in the House. Akbaruddin has been very vocal about the land mafia grabbing Wakf properties in the assembly Akbaruddin survived an attempt on his life in april 2011 when a 12 member team of land mafia attacked him ,he was shot thrice and recived multiple stabs but managed to survive ,the whole episode was recorded on camera and made Akbaruddin a survival hero. Akbaruddin owaisi is also the managing director of Owaisi hospital which was setup by his late father Sultan Salahuddin Owaisi for the welfare of the poor .

References[link]