A film format is a technical definition of a set of standard characteristics regarding image capture on photographic film, for either stills or movies. It can also apply to projected film, either slides or movies. The primary characteristic of a film format is its size and shape.

In the case of motion picture film, the format may also include audio parameters (though often not). Other characteristics usually include the film gauge, pulldown method, lens anamorphosis (or lack thereof), and film gate or projector aperture dimensions, all of which need to be defined for photography as well as projection, as they may differ.

Movie film formats[link]

See List of film formats

Digital camera formats[link]

See Image sensor format

Still photography film formats[link]

Multiple image[link]

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^(A) Unless otherwise noted, all formats were introduced by Kodak, who began allocating the number series in 1913. Before that, films were simply identified by the name of the cameras they were intended for.^[5]

For roll holder means film for cartridge roll holders, allowing roll film to be used with cameras designed to use glass plates. These were spooled with the emulsion facing outward, rather than inward as in film designed for native roll-film cameras. Types 106 to 114 were for Eastman-Walker rollholders, while types 50 to 54 were for Graflex rollholders.

The primary reason there were so many different negative formats in the early days was that prints were made by contact, without use of an enlarger. The film format would thus be exactly the same as the size of the print—so if you wanted large prints, you would have to use a large camera and corresponding film format.

Roll film cross-reference table[link]

Before WWII, each film manufacturer used its own system of numbering for the various sizes of rollfilms they made. The following sortable table shows the corresponding numbers. A blank space means that manufacturer did not make film in that size. Two numbers in one box refers to films available with different numbers of exposures, usually 6 and either 10 or 12. Spool length is measured between inner faces of the flanges; several films of the same image size were available on different spools to fit different cameras.

Single image[link]

Instant image[link]

This section requires expansion.

See [1] for a full list of Polaroid films.

Fuji produce instant films and film backs for sheet film cameras.

See also[link]

• Film base
• Film stock
• Keykode
• Large format
• Medium format
• Microform

References[link]

1. ^ "The Ensignette Camera". http://www.ensign.demon.co.uk/ensignette.htm. Retrieved 19 October 2011. 
2. ^ "Ilford History and Chronology". http://www.photomemorabilia.co.uk/Ilford/Chronology.html. Retrieved 20 June 2011. 
3. ^ "Reloading Hit Cameras". http://www.subclub.org/darkroom/roll17mm.htm. Retrieved 23 October 2011. 
4. ^ "17.5mm or "Hit" Style Cameras". http://submin.com/17.5mm/collection/introduction.htm#17.5mm%20or%20Hit%20Style%20Cameras. Retrieved 23 October 2011. 
5. ^ "The History of Kodak Roll Films". http://members.aol.com/Chuck02178/film.htm. Retrieved 2007-06-17. 

External links[link]

• Film Formats at the Open Directory Project
• Film Formats and HDTV
• Table of Film formats by Mark Baldock
• A comparison of large scale film formats
• Kodak roll films starting with 101
• The history of Kodak roll films
• Classic camera film sizes, sources, and film adapters, with spool dimensions
• AGFA Rapid
• History of Kodak cameras
• All about Land (Polaroid) instant film formats
• American Widescreen Museum
• Sub-35mm movie film formats history webpage
• Plate and tintype sizes

Sudhir Mishra is an Indian film director and screenwriter most renowned for directing critically acclaimed films like Hazaaron Khwaishein Aisi, Dharavi and Chameli.^[2][3]

Early life and education[link]

He was born and brought up in Lucknow. He is grandson of former madhya pradesh chief minister Dwarka Prasad Mishra .His father, DN Mishra, was the founder member of Lucknow Film Society.^[4] He graduated from Delhi University, where, he met Badal Sircar and formed a theatre group called Workshop Theatre, and worked on several plays with him.

After one and half year with Badal Sarkar, Sudhir Mishra left for Pune. In Pune, he spent time at FTII, (Film and Television Institute of India), Pune, where his younger brother, Sudhanshu Mishra (to whom he credits to have learnt much of his cinema) was a student. Sudhir never studied at the institute himself.^[5]

Career[link]

He moved to Mumbai in 1980, and started his career as assistant director and scriptwriter in Kundan Shah's comedy classic Jaane Bhi Do Yaaron (1983) and later worked with Saeed Akhtar Mirza in Mohan Joshi Hazir Ho! (1984) and with Vidhu Vinod Chopra in Khamosh (1985).

He made his directorial debut with the film, Yeh Woh Manzil To Nahin in 1987 which won the National Film Award for Best First Film of a Director.

He went on to make acclaimed films like "Dharavi"(1991), Main Zinda Hoon (1988), Is Raat Ki Subah Nahin (1996) and Chameli (2003), and his most acclaimed film to date, the 2005 film, Hazaaron Khwaishein Aisi. This was followed by Khoya Khoya Chand in December 2007.

Awards[link]

• 1987 Indira Gandhi Award for Best First Film of a Director: Yeh Woh Manzil To Nahin (1987)
• 1989 National Film Award for Best Film on Other Social Issues: Main Zinda Hoon (1988)
• 1992 National Film Award for Best Feature Film in Hindi: Dharavi (1991)
• 2006 Filmfare Best Story Award: Hazaaron Khwaishein Aisi (2005)
• 2010: Ordre des Arts et des Lettres (French Government)^[6] France's knighthood - equivalent to the "Sir" title of the British

Filmography[link]

• Jaane Bhi Do Yaaron (1983) - Sceenwriter
• Mohan Joshi Hazir Ho! (1984) - Screenwriter
• Khamosh (1985) - Screenwriter, Actor
• Yeh Woh Manzil To Nahin (1987) - Director, Screenwriter
• Main Zinda Hoon (1988) - Director, Screenwriter
• Dharavi (1992) - Director, Screenwriter
• Is Raat Ki Subah Nahin (1996) – Director, Screenwriter
• Calcutta Mail (2003) - Director, Screenwriter
• Chameli (2003) – Director, Screenwriter
• Hazaaron Khwaishein Aisi (2005) - Director, Screenwriter
• Traffic Signal (2007) - Actor
• Khoya Khoya Chand (2007) -Director, Screenwriter
• Tera Kya Hoga Johnny (release indefinitely postponed) - Director, Screenwriter
• Raat Gayi Baat Gayi (2010) - Actor
• Yeh Saali Zindagi (2011) - Director, Screenwriter
• Dhruv (film) (In Production) - Director

References[link]

External links[link]

• Sudhir Mishra at the Internet Movie Database
• Moon And Sixpence, Nisha Susan on the shambling creativity of Sudhir Mishra
• Interview with Sudhir Mishra on his film Hazaaron Khwaishein Aisi
• Sudhir's Blog at PassionforCinema
• Sudhir Mishra comments on his films