A circle jerk is a sexual practice in which a group of men or boys form a circle and masturbate themselves or each other.^[1] In the metaphorical sense, the term is used to refer to a "boring or time-wasting meeting or other event".^[1]

Description[link]

Circle jerks are typically an experience of adolescents in early puberty and often feature a competitive element, with the "winner" being the participant able to ejaculate first.^[1][2] They can serve as an introduction to sexual relations with other males, and are a sexual outlet at an age when regular sexual intercourse with a girl is not possible.^[1] Where the heterosexual frame is adhered to, each male masturbates only himself, and touching another participant's genitals is forbidden.^[2]

Motivation[link]

While circle jerks feature a homoerotic element, some analysts interpret adolescent boys' group activities such as circle jerks as an effort to establish heterosexual, masculine dominance within the group.^[1][2][3] What actually motivates participation is to have friends witness and acknowledge one's sexual prowess, helping to counter teenage feelings of inadequacy related to sex.^[3]

See also[link]

• Bukkake (sex act)
• Non-penetrative sex
• Mutual masturbation
• Soggy biscuit

References[link]

Circle jerk may refer to:

Look up circle jerk in Wiktionary, the free dictionary.

• Circle jerk, the male sexual practice of group masturbation.
• The Circle Jerks, an American punk band.

This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the same title. If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article.

Julia Sweeney
Speaking at the Atheist Alliance International Convention, 2008
Birth name	Julia Anne Sweeney
Born	(1959-10-10) October 10, 1959 (age 52) Spokane, Washington, U.S.
Medium	Stage, Film, Television
Nationality	American
Years active	1988–present
Spouse	Stephen Hibbert (1989–1994 divorced) Michael Blum (2008–present)

Julia Anne Sweeney (born October 10, 1959) is an American actress, comedian and author best known as a cast member on Saturday Night Live and for her autobiographical solo shows.

Personal life[link]

Sweeney was born in Spokane, Washington, the daughter of Jeri, a homemaker, and Robert M. Sweeney, an attorney and federal prosecutor,^[1] who made an appearance in her movie It's Pat as a priest. The oldest of five children, she was raised in Spokane, and quickly found a talent for imitating voices and inventing characters. Despite successful appearances in high school plays, she decided to put acting aside to pursue economic studies at the University of Washington where she became a member of Delta Gamma sorority. After graduation, Sweeney moved to Los Angeles where she worked at various odd jobs, and as an accountant for Columbia Pictures and United Artists, before turning her attentions again to acting. She is now married to scientist Michael Blum. Blum and Sweeney, along with their adopted daughter Mulan,^[2] relocated to the Chicago suburbs in early 2009.

Career[link]

In 1988, while still working as an accountant, Sweeney enrolled in classes with the improvisational comedy troupe The Groundlings, eventually being selected to be part of the troupe's Sunday Company. It was at The Groundlings that she began to develop personae she would later bring to the stage, film, and television^{[citation needed]}. They include Mea Culpa, the title character of Mea's Big Apology (co-written by then-husband Stephen Hibbert), which won the Best Written Play Award from L.A. Weekly in 1988 and has been developed by Sweeney (in collaboration with Jim Emerson) into a screenplay; and the androgynous Pat, whose impossible-to-determine gender was the basis for Sweeney's popular It's Pat! skits on Saturday Night Live, and later for her feature film of the same name, which never received a national release but has since gathered a small cult following.

In 1992 she also worked with the rock band Ugly Kid Joe, performing in the music video for their hit "Neighbor" and contributing introductory audio to two tracks, "Goddamn Devil" and "Everything About You." The latter was on the soundtrack to the Lorne Michaels movie Wayne's World.

In 1994, she had a small role as "Raquel" in the movie Pulp Fiction.

Sweeney serves on the Advisory Board of the Secular Coalition for America. ^[3]

In February 2010 she was named to the Freedom From Religion Foundation's Honorary Board of distinguished achievers.^[4]

[edit] Saturday Night Live

At a Groundlings performance in 1989, Saturday Night Live (SNL) producer Lorne Michaels discovered Sweeney and offered her a spot as one of SNL's featured players.^{[citation needed]} She joined the regular SNL cast the following year and remained with the show through four seasons, from 1990 to 1994.

Sweeney's 1993 impression of Chelsea Clinton caused a stir when Hillary Clinton found it offensive and sent an angry letter to SNL's Studio 8H.^[5]

Monologues[link]

Sweeney has created and performed three autobiographical monologues, God Said Ha!, In the Family Way, and Letting Go of God.

[edit] God Said Ha!

After leaving the cast of Saturday Night Live, Sweeney returned to Los Angeles where, shortly afterwards, her career was put on hold by a series of personal traumas. Her brother Michael was diagnosed with lymphoma, and shortly thereafter Sweeney discovered that she had cancer, too.^[6] Her brother did not survive the cancer. ^[7]

Following the ordeal, Sweeney began to tell of her experience in serio-comic performances at L.A.'s alternative comedy club, the Un-Cabaret, eventually developing the stories into a one-woman stage show, God Said Ha!, which debuted at San Francisco's Magic Theater in 1995.^[8]

God Said Ha! moved to Broadway, winning the 1996 New York Comedy Festival's Audience Award, and a CD recording of the show earned her a Grammy nomination for Best Comedy Album that same year. Miramax released a film version of the show in 1998, directed by Sweeney and produced by Quentin Tarantino. The film earned the Golden Space Needle Award at the Seattle Film Festival. It was released on DVD in 2003. Portions of the monologues from Un-Cabaret were featured on This American Life (then known as Your Radio Playhouse) in January 1996 in episode 9. Since her initial monologue, she has appeared on three more This American Life episodes. ^[9]

[edit] In the Family Way

Sweeney's second monologue chronicled the adoption of her daughter from China. In the Family Way started on stage in New York City in early 2003 at the Ars Nova Theatre. The show was directed by the Broadway stage director, Mark Brokaw. The show then migrated to the Groundlings Theatre in Los Angeles. Sweeney has also released a CD recording of In the Family Way, and in 2006 she performed a 25-minute excerpt of this show at the Hollywood Bowl with a new orchestration written especially for her piece by the composer Anthony Marinelli and performed by the Los Angeles Philharmonic.

[edit] Letting Go of God

Sweeney's third autobiographical monologue is titled Letting Go of God. In it, she discusses her Catholic upbringing, early religious ideology, and the life events and internal search that led her to believe that the universe can function on its own without a deity to preside over it, finally becoming an atheist.

In her monologue, Sweeney shared a story of when her mother told her her birthday was really October 10 instead of September 10, and how traumatic it was to discover she was not a winsome Virgo but really a Libra, symbolized as a cosmic scale.

She workshopped the show in small theaters and clubs around Los Angeles for three years and then opened it at the Hudson Backstage Theater in October 2004. An audio recording of Letting Go of God was released on CD in 2006, and it was filmed live on stage in May 2007. The film premiered at the Seattle International Film Festival on June 13, 2008. The DVD of the show was released in November 2008.

Richard Dawkins referenced Letting Go of God several times in his book The God Delusion.

Other roles[link]

Julia Sweeney was a writer for the SNL film It's Pat, in which she played the title character. She has appeared on the big screen in Pulp Fiction, Clockstoppers, Whatever It Takes, and Stuart Little. A veteran of live television, Sweeney made her mark on primetime television as a series regular on George & Leo and Maybe It's Me and she guest starred on 3rd Rock from the Sun, Hope & Gloria, Mad About You, and According to Jim. In 2004, Sweeney co-starred in two episodes of Frasier (as Frasier's blind date-turned-litigious unwanted houseguest, Ann Hodges) and had a guest role on Sex and the City. She served as a consultant on Sex and the City for its last three seasons. She also consulted on season two of Desperate Housewives and was the voice of Margo on the ABC animated series The Goode Family, and serves as the voice of Dr. Glove on Back at the Barnyard.

In a segment for This American Life in 1999, Sweeney describes one of her first jobs, as a bartender's assistant, how she found herself embezzling funds from her employer, and the consequences thereof.^[10]

In 2009 and 2010, Sweeney performed with singer/songwriter Jill Sobule in a revue called Jill and Julia. Sweeney and Sobule originally met at a Technology Entertainment and Design (TED) conference and performed together at TED in 2008. They brought the show on the road in 2009 and 2010, performing in New York and Denver among other locations. The show is an autobiographical mix of music, stories and commentary.

Sweeney is also a part of the regular rotation of panelists for the NPR news quiz radio show Wait Wait... Don't Tell Me!,^[11] which records in downtown Chicago.

References[link]

This article includes a list of references, related reading or external links, but its sources remain unclear because it lacks inline citations. Please improve this article by introducing more precise citations. (July 2009)

External links[link]

• Official website
• Julia Sweeney at the Internet Movie Database
• Julia Sweeney at the Internet Broadway Database
• Julia Sweeney's channel on YouTube
• Julia Sweeney's Blog
• Julia Sweeney's Forum
• From Letting Go of God
• Julia Sweeney's 17 min Talk at TED Conference (Feb. 2006) Monterey, CA
• Julia Sweeney's foreword to The Reason Driven Life by Robert M. Price
• Saturday Night Live's Julia Sweeney interview from NPR
• Advisory board biography for the Secular Coalition for America

Ryan Lewis
Ryan Lewis (back) performing with Macklemore (front) at Sasquatch! Music Festival
Background information
Born	(1988-03-25) March 25, 1988 (age 24) Spokane, Washington, U.S.
Origin	Seattle, Washington, U.S.
Genres	Hip hop
Occupations	Producer, DJ
Years active	2006–present
Associated acts	Macklemore
Website	rlewis.com

Ryan Lewis (born March 25, 1988) is an American music producer, musician, music video director, photographer, graphic designer, rapper and DJ currently based in Seattle. He is best known for his collaboration with American rapper Macklemore (Ben Haggerty) producing Macklemore & Ryan Lewis — The VS. EP (2009), The Heist (2012) and a handful of other singles. Since the beginning of their collaboration in late 2008, Ryan has produced, recorded, engineered and mixed all of the music, directed music videos ("Same Love", "Thrift Shop", "And We Danced", "Otherside (Remix)"), designed visuals (album art, web design, posters) and DJed the live show.

In a recent mini-documentary, Lewis recalled meeting Macklemore for the first time. "When I met him, it was a really different time. It was less than a year after [2005's] Language of My World had come out. So he had buzz. For me being a young kid, it was very exciting to link with him. The bulk of our original relationship was photo shoots. I became kind of his photographer."^[1]

[edit] The Heist

On October 9, 2012, Macklemore & Ryan Lewis released The Heist. The album debuted at #2 on the Billboard charts and #1 on the Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums and Top Rap Albums, selling 78,000 copies in the first week.^[2] The album also debuted at #1 on iTunes Digital Albums chart.^[3] The duo's album has received more than 1 million plays on SoundCloud, 70 million YouTube views and was accompanied by a sold-out 50-date U.S. and Canadian tour.^[4]

Discography[link]

(All credited to Macklemore & Ryan Lewis)

Studio albums[link]

EPs

Singles[link]

Notes[link]

• A ^ "Wing$" did not enter the R&B/Hip-Hop Songs chart, but peaked at number 7 on the Bubbling Under R&B/Hip-Hop Songs chart, which acts as an extension to the R&B/Hip-Hop Songs chart.^[27]
• B ^ "Same Love" did not enter the Billboard Hot 100, but peaked at number 25 on the Bubbling Under Hot 100 Singles chart, which acts as an extension to the Hot 100.^[28]

References[link]

External links[link]

• Official website

de:Ryan Lewis