Google Apps

Developer(s)	Google Inc.
Operating system	Any (Web-based application)
Type	Web productivity tools
License	Proprietary
Website	www.google.com/apps

Google Apps is a service from Google providing independently customizable versions of several Google products under a custom domain name. It features several Web applications with similar functionality to traditional office suites, including Gmail, Google Groups, Google Calendar, Talk, Docs and Sites. It was the vision of Rajen Sheth, a Google employee who later developed Chromebooks.^[1]

Google Apps for business is free for 30 days, $5 USD per user account and month thereafter or $50 per year. Google Apps for Education is free and offers the same amount of storage as free Gmail accounts.^[2] Free Google Apps is still available though it is demoted in their search results so that users must navigate past the priced offering. Google Apps for Education, which is free, combines features from the Standard and Premier editions.

In addition to shared apps (calendar, docs, etc.), there is Google Apps Marketplace, which is an App "store" for Google Apps users. It contains various apps, both free and for a fee, which can be installed to customize the Google Apps experience for the user.^[3]

History[link]

• February 2006 - Google created Gmail For Your Domain with an invitation-only beta, which allowed Gmail to be used with a custom domain name. It featured 2 GB of e-mail storage, and many of the standard Gmail features.^{[citation needed]}
• August 2006 - Google expanded on this service and developed Google Apps For Your Domain, incorporating more recent Google services, including Google Calendar, Google Talk, and Google Page Creator. Later, Google added a "Start Page" to all accounts, which is based on their iGoogle service.
• October 2006 - Google allowed educational institutions to sign up for the service, which was retitled Google Apps For Education. A large implementation of Google Apps is at Lakehead University in Thunder Bay, Ontario, Canada, where 38,000 users have Gmail and in-browser IM capabilities.^[4]
• February 22, 2007 - Google launched a Premier Edition for enterprise, as well as making registration public for all Google Apps services. At the same time, all products were unified, and the online control panel was redesigned.
• June 2007 - Email migration from IMAP email services was added to Google Apps.^[5]
• October 3, 2007 - Google announced that "security, compliance, policy management, and message recovery services" from recently-acquired Postini will be integrated into Google Apps Premier Edition.^[6][7]
• October 12, 2007 - Google announced that e-mail storage for domains using Google Apps would be increasing. Premier Edition accounts now have 25 GB of space each (previously 10 GB). Standard and Education Edition accounts will mirror the Gmail counter (previously 2 GB, over 7 GB as of August 2008).^[2]
• February 28, 2008 - Google announced that Google Sites will be available to domains hosted by Google Apps. Google Sites allows collaborative editing of web sites and permits users to upload images and videos to their site.^[8]
• September 2008 - Google Page Creator and file uploader was removed as an available service for new Google Apps applicants.
• December 1, 2008 - Google removed the Start Page option for new Google Apps accounts. They are apparently trying to transition new users to using sites instead.
• January 14, 2009 - Google removed the ability to add additional users to Standard Edition domains and limited new standard edition domains to 50 users (a reduction from the previous 100).
• January 29, 2009 - Google added Google Apps to the Google Labs suite. This allows users to add gadgets to their inbox such as 'Offline', 'Tasks', and 'Vacation Time!'.^[9]
• April 1, 2009 - Google added theme support to the mail interface.^[10][11]
• June 9, 2009 - Google introduced Google Apps Sync for Microsoft Outlook, enabling companies running Microsoft Exchange Server to migrate their email boxes from Exchange to Google Apps.^[12][13]
• July 7, 2009 - Google upgraded all of the services under Google Apps from 'Beta' status.^[14]
• September 15, 2009 - Google announced that it will provide GovCloud, which will host Google Apps in a separate data environment with enhanced encryption for meeting state and government security standards.^[15]
• March 9, 2010 - Google opened the Google Apps Marketplace, a venue for third-party, cloud-based applications to supplement Google's own online applications.^[16]
• May 24, 2010 - Google announced that Google Wave will be available to domains hosted by Google Apps in next generation (only US English). Google Wave was a live, shared space on the web where people could discuss and work together using richly formatted text, photos, videos, maps, and more.^[17]
• August 3, 2010 - Google Senior Vice President Urs Hölzle announced that Google will cease development of Google Wave.^[18]
• Mid–end of 2010^{[citation needed]} - Google started rejecting registration of dot tk domains for Google Apps (Google Apps Standard Edition at that time), but it did not affect Google Apps for Business (Google Apps Premiere Edition at the time) and Google Apps for Education (Google Apps Education Edition at the time). All Google Apps accounts using dot tk domains registered before March 2010 became disabled. When affected users try to use Google Apps, they get the following message: "This account has been disabled."^{[citation needed]}
• May 10, 2011 - The number of free accounts for Google Apps (formerly Google Apps Standard Edition) drops from 50 to 10.^[19]

Different editions[link]

Google Apps is available in a number of distinct editions. Each edition has a limit on the number of users that may be active at any given time.^[20] Google Apps launched with a default user allotment of 200 users, which was shortly changed to 100 users. In addition, users could request to have their user limit increased through a manual process taking (at least) 1–2 weeks for approval. In January 2009, the cap was changed so that all new accounts would receive only 50 users as opposed to 100, and could not request more without payment.^[21] This was confirmed as relating to the launch of the Google Apps commercial reseller program. Existing Standard Edition users before January 2009 kept their old allocation, in addition to the ability their "request" more users, though these limit requests are now commonly answered with suggestions to "upgrade your subscription".^[22] In 2011, the limit on the free Google Apps product was further reduced to 10 users, effective for new users.

The subscription level of a Google Apps edition is billed based on the total number of available users in the Apps account, and the edition features apply to all users accounts in that subscription. It is not possible to purchase upgrades for a subset of users: to increase the user limit, subscriptions must be purchased for all accounts. For example, an upgrade from a "Standard" limit of 50 users to allow up to 60 users would involve paying for 60 users, whether they are used or not. ^[23]

Google Apps (formerly Google Apps Standard Edition)^[24]

• Free
• Brandable name and logos in the control panel, i.e. @yourdomain.com
• Same storage space as regular gmail.com accounts (over 7,666 MB as of January 6, 2011)
• Text ads standard (can be turned off in each account)
• Limited to 10 users within same domain.
• Email attachments cannot be larger than 25 megabytes.
• Limited to sending email to 500 external recipients per day per email account.^[25]

Google Apps Partner Edition / Google Apps for ISPs^[26]

Same as standard edition with the following exceptions:

• No limit on number of mailboxes
• Google API is available to use to manage and provision accounts
• Paid service with tech support available with pricing starting at $0.35 per mailbox per resellers such as http://www.ikano.com.

Google Apps for Business (formerly Google Apps Premiere Edition)

• US$50^[27] (40 EUR,^[28] 33 GBP^[29]) per account per year, or US$5 per account monthly
• Text ads optional
• Integrated Postini policy-based messaging security
• Conference room/resource scheduling
• 99.9% e-mail uptime guarantee
• APIs available for Single Sign On
• 24/7 phone support
• Google Video, a service similar to YouTube with private groups
• Limited to sending email to 2000 external recipients per day per email account.^[25]
• Storage space 25 GB in each account, allocated for use across all products including e-mail.

Google Apps for Education (formerly Google Apps Education Edition)

Same as Google Apps for Business except for the following:

• Free for K-12 schools, colleges, and universities with up to 30,000 users
• No ads for faculty, staff, or students
• Google may serve ads to accounts not associated with enrolled students, staff or volunteers ^[30]
• Storage space 25 GB as of June 24, 2011 ^[31]

Google Apps for Non-profits (formerly Google Apps Education Edition)

Same as Google Apps for Business except for the following:

• Free for accredited 501(c)(3) non-profit entities with less than 3,000 users
• Large non-profits eligible for 40% discount on Google Apps for Business
• No ads for faculty, staff, or students
• Google may serve ads to accounts not associated with staff or volunteers ^[30]
• Storage space 25 GB as of June 24, 2011 ^[31]

Other editions

• The terms Google for your Domain/Google Apps for your Domain still surface from time to time, without clear indication if this is a deprecated (or better said, separate) version of Google Apps.^{[citation needed]}
• Google Apps Team Edition seem to have been a way for using Google Apps without attaching a domain to it and seems to be deprecated.
• Google Apps for Non Profit is not as much an edition as a marketing category. NGO with less than 3000 users are eligible to Google Apps Education Edition, whilst those with more than this may apply to Google Apps Premiere Edition at a discounted price.

Services by type of account

Critiques[link]

Analyst firm The Real Story Group cited several weaknesses in Google Apps in a comparative review which referenced a lack of administrative, customization, and lifecycle services that might hamper effectiveness in large enterprise environments.^[36]

Data security issues and national interests mean that online application platforms can be unsuitable for use by governments or commercial organisations. Especially so for non-US organisations sharing, editing and storing sensitive or confidential data.

1. On March 10, 2009, Google reported that a bug in Google Docs had allowed unintended access to some private documents. It was believed that 0.05% of documents stored via the service were affected by the bug, which Google claimed has been fixed.^[37]
2. In the UK, it is not possible to obtain information relating to Google and RIPA requests^[38] but we know that MI5 and MI6 make frequent use of their information because of quotes like, "but I can say that the intelligence agencies, police forces and other law enforcement agencies are the principal users of communications data"^[39] in the annual RIPA reports.

Adoption[link]

It is not known how many people use the Google Apps platform, although a Google blog post in March 2010 claimed that 25 million people had "switched to Google Apps.".^[40] And Google claimed that 4 million organizations are using Google Apps service.^[41]

Google is making a concerted effort to increase usage, particularly in the public sector. The most recent example was the announcement in June, 2011 by the NOAA that 25,000 government employees would be migrated to Google Apps by years end.^[42] In 2009, Los Angeles, California awarded Google a five-year contract to provide Google Apps services to 34,000 employees.^[43] As of early 2011, the City of LA was still in the process of deploying Google Apps after objections from LAPD officials surfaced about privacy.^[44] In early 2010, the U.S. Department of Energy's Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory shifted 5,000 email accounts to Google Apps.^[43] On July 22, 2010, the General Services Administration certified that Google Apps met its GSA's cybersecurity requirements.^[43] On October 29, 2010, Google filed a lawsuit against the U.S. Department of Interior, which opened up a bid for software that required that bidders use Microsoft's Business Productivity Online Suite. Google sued, calling the requirement "unduly restrictive of competition."^[45] Scholars have pointed out that, beginning in 2005, the prevalence of open standards and open source may begin to significantly change the way that public entities (which represent some of the worlds' most significant software purchases) choose to select vendors.^[46]

appsbar, an online source for building and publishing Android optimized apps, in 2012 became a significant apps contributor to Google Play.

See also[link]

• Comparison of office suites
• Online office suite

References[link]

Further reading[link]

• Beswick, James (2009). Getting Productive With Google Apps. San Francisco, CA: 415 Systems. ISBN 978-1-4404-8676-0. 
• Conner, Nancy (2008). Google Apps: The Missing Manual. Sebastopol: Pogue Press. ISBN 978-0-596-51579-9. 
• Granneman, Scott (2008). Google Apps Deciphered: Compute in the Cloud to Streamline Your Desktop. USA: Prentice Hall. ISBN 978-0-13-700470-6. 
• Meet the father of Google Apps (who used to work at Microsoft)

External links[link]

• Official website
• Google Apps Help