- published: 25 Nov 2008
- author: elvistcb11
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- A Big Hunk o' Love
- A Date with Elvis
- Adeste Fideles
- All Shook Up
- Almost in Love
- Aloha from Hawaii
- Always on My Mind
- An American Trilogy
- Any Day Now (song)
- Arthur Alexander
- B-side
- Ballad
- Big Boss Man (song)
- Billboard Hot 100
- Blue Christmas
- Blue Hawaii
- Blue Hawaii (album)
- Blue Moon (song)
- Blue Suede Shoes
- Book Elvis Presley
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- Change of Habit
- Charro!
- Chuck Berry
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- Clambake
- Clambake (album)
- Colonel Tom Parker
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- Cooking with Elvis
- Crying in the Chapel
- Dennis Linde
- Do the Clam
- Don't Be Cruel
- Don't Cry Daddy
- Eight Elvises
- ELV1S
- Elvis (1956 album)
- Elvis (1973 album)
- Elvis (1979 film)
- Elvis (musical)
- Elvis and Gladys
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- Elvis Meets Nixon
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- Elvis-A-Rama Museum
- Felton Jarvis
- Flaming Star
- Follow That Dream
- For LP Fans Only
- Fun in Acapulco
- G.I. Blues
- G.I. Blues (album)
- Girl Happy
- Girl Happy (album)
- Girls! Girls! Girls!
- Good Luck Charm
- Good Rocking Tonight
- Graceland
- Guitar Man (song)
- Hard Headed Woman
- Harum Scarum
- Harum Scarum (album)
- He Touched Me
- Heartbreak Hotel
- His Hand in Mine
- Hitstory
- Honeymoon in Vegas
- Hound Dog (song)
- House band
- I Feel So Bad
- I Got a Woman
- I Got Lucky
- I Got Stung
- I Was The One
- I've Lost You
- If I Can Dream
- In the Ghetto
- It Hurts Me
- John Stamos
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- June Juanico
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- King Creole
- King Creole (album)
- Kissin' Cousins
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- Lyrics
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- Portal Elvis Presley
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Burning Love
Cast
- Morgan Walsh
- Ken Marino
- Malin Åkerman
- Abigail Spencer
- Kristen Bell
- June Diane Raphael
- Helen Slayton-Hughes
- Natasha Leggero
- Janet Varney
- Noureen DeWulf
- Erin Muroski
- Beth Dover
- Ken Jeong
- Deanna Russo
- Paul Scheer
- Nina Nayebi
- Matt Ballard
- Michael J. Rosenstein
- Adam Scott
- Erica Oyama
- Jennifer Aniston
- Carla Gallo
- Michael Ian Black
- Season 1
-
Episode 1: (#1.1)
USA...
- Season
-
Episode : 1.8
USA:4 June 2012...
- Lyrics: play full screen play karaoke
- Burning Love - Wynonna Judd
- Burning Love - Grant Lee Buffalo
- Burning Love - Batmobile
- Burning Love - Ghoti Hook
- Burning Love - Robert Johnson
- Burning Love - All Shook Up Soundtrack
- Burning Love - Casanova
- Burning Love - Lilo & Stitch Soundtrack
- Burning Love - Katie Jewels
Lord almighty,
I feel my temperature rising
Higher and higher
It's burning through to my soul
Baby, baby, baby
You're gonna set me on fire
My brain is flaming
And I don't know which way to go
Your kisses lift me higher
Like the sweet song of a choir
You light my morning sky
With burning love
Ooh, ooh, ooh
I feel my temperature rising
Help me, I'm flaming
I must be a hundred and nine
Burning, burning, burning
Nothing can cool me
I just might turn into smoke
But I feel fine
Cause your kisses lift me higher
Like a sweet song of a choir
You light my morning sky
With burning love
It's coming closer
The flames are now licking my body
Won't you help me
I feel like I'm slipping away
It's hard to breathe
And my chest is just a-heaving
Lord, a'mercy
Burning a hole in me
Cause your kisses life me higher
Like the sweet song of a choir
You light my morning sky
With burning love
With burning love
Ah, ah burning love
Lord almighty I feel my temperature rising
Higher and higher must be a hundred and nine
It's hard to breath and my chest is a heaving
But I feel good now but I feel fine yeah
Your kisses lift me higher
Like the sweet sweet song of a choir
You light my morning sky
Burning love
Ooh ooh I feel my temperature rising
Girl girl girl girl girl it's a hundred and nine
It's hard to breath and my chest is a heaving
I feel good now I feel fine yeah
Your kisses lift me higher
Like the sweet sweet song of a choir
You light my morning sky
Burning love
Burning love
I got a hunk a hunk of burning love
Got a hunk a hunk of burning love
I got a hunk a hunk of burning love
Burning Love
Lord almighty I feel my temperature rising
Highre higher it's burning through to my soul
Girl girl girl you've gone and set me on fire
My brain is flaming I don't know which way to go
Cause your kisses lift me higher
Like a sweet song of a choir
And you light my morning sky with burning love
Ooh ooh ooh I feel my temperature rising
Help me I'm flaming I must be a 109
I'm burning burning burning and nothing can cool me
I just might turn into flames but I feel fine
It's coming closer flames are now reaching my body
Won't you help me I feel like I'm slipping away
It's hard to breath and my chest is a-heaving
Lord almighty
I feel my temperature rising
Higher, higher
It's burning through to my soul
Girl, girl, girl
You gonna set me on fire
My brain is flaming
I don't know which way to go
Your kisses lift me higher
Like the sweet song of a choir
You light my morning sky
With burning love
Ooh, ooh, ooh, yeah
I feel my temperature rising
Help me, I'm flaming
I must be a hundred and nine
Burning, burning, burning
And nothing can cool me
I just might turn into smoke
But I feel fine
Your kisses lift me higher
Like the sweet song of a choir
You light my morning sky
With burning love
It's coming closer the flames are licking my body
Won't you help me? I feel like I'm slipping away
It's hard to breathe and my chest is a heaving
Lord have mercy, I'm burning a hole where I lay
Your kisses lift me higher
Like the sweet song of a choir
You light my morning sky
With burning love
I got a hunk, a hunk of burning love
I got a hunk, a hunk of burning love
I got a hunk, a hunk of burning love
Lord almighty,
I feel my temperature rising
Higher higher
Its burning through to my soul
Girl, girl, girl
You gonna set me on fire
My brain
is flaming
I dont know which way to go
Your kisses lift me higher
Like the sweet song of a choir
You light my morning sky
With burning love
Ooh, ooh, ooh,
I feel my temperature rising
Help me, Im flaming
I must be a hundred and nine
Burning, burning, burning
And nothing can cool me
I just might turn into smoke
But I feel fine
Cause your kisses lift me higher
Like a sweet song of a choir
And you light my morning sky
With burning love
Its coming closer
The flames are reaching my body
Please wont you help me
I feel like Im slipping away
Its hard to breathe
And my chest is a-heaving
Lord almighty,
Im burning a hole where I lay
Cause your kisses lift me higher
Like the sweet song of a choir
You light my morning sky
With burning love
Im just a hunk, a hunk of burning love
Just a hunk, a hunk of burning love
Just a hunk, a hunk of burning love
Just a hunk, a hunk of burning love
Just a hunk, a hunk of burning love
Lord Almighty,
I feel my temperature rising
Higher higher
It's burning through to my soul
Girl, girl, girl
You gonna set me on fire
My brain is flaming
I don't know which way to go
Your kisses lift me higher
Like the sweet song of a choir
You light my morning sky
With burning love
Ooh, ooh, ooh,
I feel my temperature rising
Help me, I'm flaming
I must be a hundred and nine
Burning, burning, burning
And nothing can cool me
I just might turn into smoke
But I feel fine
Cause your kisses lift me higher
Like a sweet song of a choir
And you light my morning sky
With burning love
It's coming closer
The flames are now licking my body
Please won't you help me
I feel like I'm slipping away
It's hard to breath
And my chest is a-heaving
Lord Almighty,
I'm burning a hole where I lay
Cause your kisses lift me higher
Like the sweet song of a choir
You light my morning sky
With burning love
With burning love
Ah, ah, burning love
I'm just a hunk, a hunk of burning love
Just a hunk, a hunk of burning love
Just a hunk, a hunk of burning love
Just a hunk, a hunk of burning love
Just a hunk, a hunk of burning love
Just a hunk, a hunk of burning love
I get excited when you walk my way
I feel the blood pulse in my veins
Heard a rumour spread since yesterday
I don’t believe in what they say
If you need advice I’ll be there
Never be alone - never be alone
If you got a problem call me
I’ll be waiting by the phone
If love lies bleeding in your hands
Try to find yourself a new romance
If love should strike down from above
Against all odds you’ll feel a burning love
You mean so much to me I can’t explain
The way I feel when you’re in pain
I hate to see you suffer, hate to see you cry
Lay your head down on my shoulder
You can tell me why
If you need advice I’ll be there
Never be alone - never be alone
If you got a problem call me
I’ll be waiting by the phone
If love lies bleeding in your hands
Try to find yourself a new romance
If love should strike down from above
Against all odds you’ll feel a burning love
I’ll be there for you no matter what it takes
I’ll be your guardian angel to prove my faith
A thousand rivers I would sail for you
Baby, babe can’t you feel the truth
If love lies bleeding in your hands
If love lies bleeding in your hands
Lord Almighty,
I feel my temperature rising
Higher higher
It's burning through to my soul
Baby, baby, baby
You gonna set me on fire
My brain is flaming
I don't know which way to go
Your kisses lift me higher
Like the sweet song of a choir
You light my morning sky
With burning love
Ooh, ooh, ooh,
I feel my temperature rising
Help me, I'm flaming
I must be a hundred and nine
Burning, burning, burning
And nothing can cool me
I just might turn into smoke
But I feel fine
Cause your kisses lift me higher
Like a sweet song of a choir
And you light my morning sky
With burning love
It's coming closer
The flames are reaching my body
Please won't you help me
I feel like I'm slipping away
It's hard to breath
And my chest is a-heating
Lord Almighty,
I'm burning a hole where I lay
Cause your kisses lift me higher
Like the sweet song of a choir
You light my morning sky
With burning love
With burning love
Ah, ah, burning love
I'm just a hunk, a hunk of burning love
Just a hunk, a hunk of burning love
Just a hunk, a hunk of burning love
Just a hunk, a hunk of burning love
Just a hunk, a hunk of burning love
Just a hunk, a hunk of burning love
Come on and follow me
To my wildest fantasy
Come now and be with me
Can you feel the energy of love?
Deep inside of me
Can you feel the energy of love?
So feel my burning love
Feel my burning love
Feel my burning love
(Feel my burning love)
Come on and follow me
To my wildest fantasy
Come now and be with me
Can you feel the energy of love?
Deep inside of me
Can you feel the energy of love?
So eel my burning love
Feel my burning love
Feel my burning love
Feel my burning love
So feel my burning love
Feel my burning love
Feel my burning love
Feel my burning love
(Feel my burning love)
Come on and follow me
To my wildest fantasy
Come now and be with me
Can you feel the energy of love?
Deep inside of me
Can you feel the energy of love?
So feel my burning love
Feel my burning love
Feel my burning love
Feel my burning...(feel feel my burning) my burning
love
Feel my burning love
Feel my burning love
Send this Playlist by SMS
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ELVIS BURNING LOVE
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 5:14
- Updated: 15 May 2013
"Lord Almighty, I feel my temperature rising Higher higher It's burning through to my soul Girl, girl, girl You gonna set me on fire My brain is flaming I do...
http://wn.com/ELVIS_BURNING_LOVE
"Lord Almighty, I feel my temperature rising Higher higher It's burning through to my soul Girl, girl, girl You gonna set me on fire My brain is flaming I do...
Burning Love
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:00
- Updated: 14 May 2013
this song is gonna be in the roller coaster POV, panda1329.
http://wn.com/Burning_Love
Burning Love--Elvis Presley
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:07
- Updated: 14 May 2013
Montage I made of Elvis set to the song 'Burning Love'.
http://wn.com/Burning_Love--Elvis_Presley
Montage I made of Elvis set to the song 'Burning Love'.
- published: 12 May 2008
- author: UCanRockMyRazorblade
Burning Love Official Trailer
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 1:24
- Updated: 13 May 2013
Premiering June 4th on Yahoo! http://www.BurningLove.com http://www.Facebook.com/BurningLoveShow http://www.Twitter.com/BurningLoveMark.
http://wn.com/Burning_Love_Official_Trailer
Premiering June 4th on Yahoo! http://www.BurningLove.com http://www.Facebook.com/BurningLoveShow http://www.Twitter.com/BurningLoveMark.
- published: 03 May 2012
- author: Paramount
Connect-R - Burning Love
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:45
- Updated: 14 May 2013
Подпишись на развлекательный, музыкальный видео-канал Rightscom. Безграничная благодарность вам за подписку! Баста: http://bit.ly/Basta_na_Rightscom АК-47: h...
http://wn.com/Connect-R_Burning_Love
Подпишись на развлекательный, музыкальный видео-канал Rightscom. Безграничная благодарность вам за подписку! Баста: http://bit.ly/Basta_na_Rightscom АК-47: h...
- published: 12 Jul 2011
- author: rdsmusiclabel
Wynonna Judd - Burning Love (Music Video!)
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:14
- Updated: 13 May 2013
I made this video from the "Making Of Burning Love" on the Lilo & Stich DVD and Wynonna's concert DVD. I LOVE how this video came out. Another one of my favo...
http://wn.com/Wynonna_Judd_Burning_Love_Music_Video!
I made this video from the "Making Of Burning Love" on the Lilo & Stich DVD and Wynonna's concert DVD. I LOVE how this video came out. Another one of my favo...
- published: 04 Apr 2009
- author: mattcharles
Lilo & Stitch End - Burning Love
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:05
- Updated: 13 May 2013
Lilo & Stitch End - Burning Love.
http://wn.com/Lilo_Stitch_End_Burning_Love
ELVIS Burning Love
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 2:58
- Updated: 11 May 2013
(Best Picture & Sound Quality) HD Wide Screen and More Close Up ELVIS Aloha from Hawaii is a music concert that was headlined by Elvis Presley, and broadcast...
http://wn.com/ELVIS_Burning_Love
(Best Picture & Sound Quality) HD Wide Screen and More Close Up ELVIS Aloha from Hawaii is a music concert that was headlined by Elvis Presley, and broadcast...
- published: 24 Feb 2011
- author: theElvisZone
Elvis Presley - burning love lyrics
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 2:55
- Updated: 14 May 2013
Lord Almighty, I feel my temperature rising Higher and higher It's burning through to my soul Girl girl girl girl Your gonna set me on fire My brain is flami...
http://wn.com/Elvis_Presley_burning_love_lyrics
Lord Almighty, I feel my temperature rising Higher and higher It's burning through to my soul Girl girl girl girl Your gonna set me on fire My brain is flami...
- published: 22 Mar 2010
- author: mmoolly
Elvis Presley - Burning Love (Viva Elvis)
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:59
- Updated: 14 May 2013
Music video by Elvis Presley performing Burning Love (Viva Elvis). (C) 2010 Sony Music Entertainment/The Cirque EPE Partnership.
http://wn.com/Elvis_Presley_Burning_Love_Viva_Elvis
Music video by Elvis Presley performing Burning Love (Viva Elvis). (C) 2010 Sony Music Entertainment/The Cirque EPE Partnership.
- published: 17 Dec 2010
- author: ElvisPresleyVEVO
Elvis Presley - Burning Love
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:30
- Updated: 14 May 2013
1972 Rehearsal performance.
http://wn.com/Elvis_Presley_Burning_Love
Burning Love
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 1:40
- Updated: 03 May 2013
32 count , 4 wall.
http://wn.com/Burning_Love
Blinde Ed Burning Love Elvis bij Wegdam Weekend Radioprogramma voor Hengevelde 30-10-09
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:38
- Updated: 31 Mar 2013
Blinde Ed Annabel bij Wegdam Weekend Radioprogramma voor Hengevelde wegdamweekend hengevelde blindeed edsonemanband wegdamweekend.nl frank en bart.
http://wn.com/Blinde_Ed_Burning_Love_Elvis_bij_Wegdam_Weekend_Radioprogramma_voor_Hengevelde_30-10-09
Blinde Ed Annabel bij Wegdam Weekend Radioprogramma voor Hengevelde wegdamweekend hengevelde blindeed edsonemanband wegdamweekend.nl frank en bart.
- published: 03 Nov 2009
- author: wegdamweekend
"Burning Love" Season 1 Peek
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 0:31
- Updated: 04 May 2013
Firefighter Mark Orlando heats things up in this dating show spoof. Catch the series premiere Monday, Feb 25 at 10|9c all part of E!'s Mock Block Monday.
http://wn.com/Burning_Love_Season_1_Peek
Firefighter Mark Orlando heats things up in this dating show spoof. Catch the series premiere Monday, Feb 25 at 10|9c all part of E!'s Mock Block Monday.
- published: 28 Jan 2013
- author: E! Entertainment
The 'Burning Love' Season 2 Cast Fires Up the Laughs! | Cambio Interview
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:07
- Updated: 07 May 2013
Cambio caught up with the stars of 'Burning Love' Season 2. The second season of the 'Bachelor' spoof promises to be even more outrageous than the first with...
http://wn.com/The_'Burning_Love'_Season_2_Cast_Fires_Up_the_Laughs!_|_Cambio_Interview
Cambio caught up with the stars of 'Burning Love' Season 2. The second season of the 'Bachelor' spoof promises to be even more outrageous than the first with...
- published: 12 Feb 2013
- author: cambioconnect
Bruce Springsteen - Burning Love Firenze 2012
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:52
- Updated: 13 May 2013
Burning Love - Bruce Springsteen live in Firenze, June 10th 2012 - Recorded live from the pit in HD.
http://wn.com/Bruce_Springsteen_Burning_Love_Firenze_2012
Burning Love - Bruce Springsteen live in Firenze, June 10th 2012 - Recorded live from the pit in HD.
- published: 11 Jun 2012
- author: fedeud
Elvis Presley Burning Love The King Of Music (Aloha from Hawaii) HD
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 2:54
- Updated: 14 May 2013
Elvis Presley Burning Love Aloha from Hawaii is a music concert that was headlined by Elvis Presley, and was broadcast live via satellite on January 14, 1973...
http://wn.com/Elvis_Presley_Burning_Love_The_King_Of_Music_Aloha_from_Hawaii_HD
Elvis Presley Burning Love Aloha from Hawaii is a music concert that was headlined by Elvis Presley, and was broadcast live via satellite on January 14, 1973...
- published: 13 Mar 2013
- author: Elvismusic2010
Elvis Presley-Burning love lyrics
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 2:50
- Updated: 14 May 2013
Elvis Presley-Burning love lyrics.
http://wn.com/Elvis_Presley-Burning_love_lyrics
Burning Love - Line Dance
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 1:26
- Updated: 08 May 2013
Chorégraphe : Fiona-Karen McChristie (Écosse) avril 2002 LINE dance : 64 temps, 4 murs Niveau : intermédiaire Musiques : « Burning love » de Elvis Presley (E...
http://wn.com/Burning_Love_Line_Dance
Chorégraphe : Fiona-Karen McChristie (Écosse) avril 2002 LINE dance : 64 temps, 4 murs Niveau : intermédiaire Musiques : « Burning love » de Elvis Presley (E...
- published: 03 May 2009
- author: doriane5118
Burning Love - Alien vs. Creditor
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 2:33
- Updated: 29 Mar 2013
Members of Torontos Our Father play Hot Snakes-influenced punk rock with Chris Colohan (ex-Cursed) providing vocals. Lyrics: I THINK YOU KNOW WHAT I WANT. I ...
http://wn.com/Burning_Love_Alien_vs_Creditor
Members of Torontos Our Father play Hot Snakes-influenced punk rock with Chris Colohan (ex-Cursed) providing vocals. Lyrics: I THINK YOU KNOW WHAT I WANT. I ...
- published: 30 Apr 2010
- author: fusionSecret
Critical Mass - Burning Love (Happy Radio Edit) HD (1996)
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 4:03
- Updated: 13 May 2013
Critical Mass - Burning Love HD My video's are just for viewing, there are no intents of violating any copyright protected videos or what so ever. I respect ...
http://wn.com/Critical_Mass_Burning_Love_Happy_Radio_Edit_HD_1996
Critical Mass - Burning Love HD My video's are just for viewing, there are no intents of violating any copyright protected videos or what so ever. I respect ...
- published: 07 Dec 2009
- author: DjManuelW
Burning Love - Kent Wennman & Uppsala Storband feat. The Gloryfires
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:43
- Updated: 23 Oct 2011
Live recording from the Elvis 75 years celebration at Parksnäckan, Uppsala august 2010. Uppsala Storband with Kent Wennman, Göran Engman, Rockabilly Trio and...
http://wn.com/Burning_Love_Kent_Wennman_Uppsala_Storband_feat_The_Gloryfires
Live recording from the Elvis 75 years celebration at Parksnäckan, Uppsala august 2010. Uppsala Storband with Kent Wennman, Göran Engman, Rockabilly Trio and...
- published: 08 Oct 2010
- author: musikdirektfan
Honeymoon Suite - Burning In Love
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 4:35
- Updated: 12 May 2013
Honeymoon Suite - Burning In Love.
http://wn.com/Honeymoon_Suite_Burning_In_Love
Send this Playlist by SMS
Email this Page
P!nk - Just Give Me A Reason ft. Nate Ruess
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 4:03
- Updated: 15 May 2013
From the Grammy Nominated album The Truth About Love available now - http://smarturl.it/tal Music video by P!nk featuring Nate Ruess performing Just Give Me ...
http://wn.com/P!nk_Just_Give_Me_A_Reason_ft_Nate_Ruess
From the Grammy Nominated album The Truth About Love available now - http://smarturl.it/tal Music video by P!nk featuring Nate Ruess performing Just Give Me ...
- published: 05 Feb 2013
- author: PinkVEVO
Alexandra Stan - Mr Saxobeat (Official Video)
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:15
- Updated: 16 May 2013
Buy It On/ Cómpralo: iTunes: http://bit.ly/17n3k9o Google Play: http://bit.ly/112iFdh Beatport: http://btprt.dj/YjPrYq Listen/ Escúchalo: Spotify: http://spo...
http://wn.com/Alexandra_Stan_Mr_Saxobeat_Official_Video
Buy It On/ Cómpralo: iTunes: http://bit.ly/17n3k9o Google Play: http://bit.ly/112iFdh Beatport: http://btprt.dj/YjPrYq Listen/ Escúchalo: Spotify: http://spo...
- published: 26 Nov 2010
- author: blancoynegro
Jack Sparrow (feat. Michael Bolton)
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:17
- Updated: 16 May 2013
Buy at iTunes: http://goo.gl/zv4o9. New album on sale now! http://turtleneckandchain.com.
http://wn.com/Jack_Sparrow_feat_Michael_Bolton
Buy at iTunes: http://goo.gl/zv4o9. New album on sale now! http://turtleneckandchain.com.
- published: 08 May 2011
- author: thelonelyisland
Rihanna - Take A Bow
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:50
- Updated: 16 May 2013
Music video by Rihanna performing Take A Bow. YouTube view counts pre-VEVO: 66288884. (C) 2008 The Island Def Jam Music Group.
http://wn.com/Rihanna_Take_A_Bow
Music video by Rihanna performing Take A Bow. YouTube view counts pre-VEVO: 66288884. (C) 2008 The Island Def Jam Music Group.
- published: 30 Nov 2009
- author: RihannaVEVO
![THE LEGEND OF ZELDA RAP [MUSIC VIDEO]](http://web.archive.org./web/20130516100640im_/http://i.ytimg.com/vi/mO1QBTG6EXs/default.jpg "THE LEGEND OF ZELDA RAP [MUSIC VIDEO]")
THE LEGEND OF ZELDA RAP [MUSIC VIDEO]
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:34
- Updated: 16 May 2013
WATCH BLOOPERS & MORE: http://bit.ly/ZELDAxtras DOWNLOAD THE SONG: http://smo.sh/13NrBp8 DOWNLOAD UNCENSORED SONG: http://smo.sh/WMYpsf GET LEGEND OF SMOSH T...
http://wn.com/THE_LEGEND_OF_ZELDA_RAP_MUSIC_VIDEO_
WATCH BLOOPERS & MORE: http://bit.ly/ZELDAxtras DOWNLOAD THE SONG: http://smo.sh/13NrBp8 DOWNLOAD UNCENSORED SONG: http://smo.sh/WMYpsf GET LEGEND OF SMOSH T...
- published: 18 Nov 2011
- author: smosh
James Arthur sings Shontelle's Impossible - The Final - The X Factor UK 2012
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 4:00
- Updated: 16 May 2013
Watch judges' comments at http://itv.com/XFactor (UK ONLY) Watch James Arthur sing Impossible by Shontelle Sweeeeet! As potential Winner's Singles go, this o...
http://wn.com/James_Arthur_sings_Shontelle's_Impossible_The_Final_The_X_Factor_UK_2012
Watch judges' comments at http://itv.com/XFactor (UK ONLY) Watch James Arthur sing Impossible by Shontelle Sweeeeet! As potential Winner's Singles go, this o...
- published: 09 Dec 2012
- author: TheXFactorUK
MACKLEMORE & RYAN LEWIS - THRIFT SHOP FEAT. WANZ (OFFICIAL VIDEO)
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:53
- Updated: 16 May 2013
Thrift Shop on iTunes: http://itunes.apple.com/us/album/thrift-shop-feat.-wanz-single/id556955707 The Heist physical deluxe edition: http://www.macklemoremer...
http://wn.com/MACKLEMORE_RYAN_LEWIS_THRIFT_SHOP_FEAT_WANZ_OFFICIAL_VIDEO
Thrift Shop on iTunes: http://itunes.apple.com/us/album/thrift-shop-feat.-wanz-single/id556955707 The Heist physical deluxe edition: http://www.macklemoremer...
- published: 29 Aug 2012
- author: Ryan Lewis
Bromance (Official Music Video)
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:47
- Updated: 16 May 2013
Get the song at: http://itunes.apple.com/us/album/bromance-single/id512264961 Music and Lyrics by Chester See (The Singer) http://www.youtube.com/chestersee ...
http://wn.com/Bromance_Official_Music_Video
Get the song at: http://itunes.apple.com/us/album/bromance-single/id512264961 Music and Lyrics by Chester See (The Singer) http://www.youtube.com/chestersee ...
- published: 21 Mar 2012
- author: nigahiga
P!nk - Just Give Me A Reason (Official Lyric Video)
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 4:05
- Updated: 16 May 2013
The Truth About Love available on iTunes NOW http://smarturl.it/tal Music video by P!nk performing Just Give Me A Reason. (C) 2012 RCA Records, a division of...
http://wn.com/P!nk_Just_Give_Me_A_Reason_Official_Lyric_Video
The Truth About Love available on iTunes NOW http://smarturl.it/tal Music video by P!nk performing Just Give Me A Reason. (C) 2012 RCA Records, a division of...
- published: 11 Sep 2012
- author: PinkVEVO
Kristen Bell's Sloth Meltdown
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:44
- Updated: 15 May 2013
Kristen Bell loves sloths. You might even say she's obsessed with them. She told Ellen about what happened when her boyfriend, Dax Shepard, introduced her to...
http://wn.com/Kristen_Bell's_Sloth_Meltdown
Kristen Bell loves sloths. You might even say she's obsessed with them. She told Ellen about what happened when her boyfriend, Dax Shepard, introduced her to...
- published: 31 Jan 2012
- views: 15999095
- author: TheEllenShow
Rihanna - Unfaithful
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 4:56
- Updated: 16 May 2013
Music video by Rihanna performing Unfaithful. (C) 2006 The Island Def Jam Music Group #VEVOCertified on Feb. 15, 2012. http://vevo.com/certified http://youtu...
http://wn.com/Rihanna_Unfaithful
Music video by Rihanna performing Unfaithful. (C) 2006 The Island Def Jam Music Group #VEVOCertified on Feb. 15, 2012. http://vevo.com/certified http://youtu...
- published: 23 Nov 2009
- author: RihannaVEVO
![Man of Steel - Official Trailer 3 [HD]](http://web.archive.org./web/20130516100640im_/http://i.ytimg.com/vi/T6DJcgm3wNY/default.jpg "Man of Steel - Official Trailer 3 [HD]")
Man of Steel - Official Trailer 3 [HD]
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:03
- Updated: 16 May 2013
http://manofsteel.com http://www.facebook.com/manofsteel In theaters June 14th. From Warner Bros. and Legendary Pictures comes "Man of Steel", starring Henry...
http://wn.com/Man_of_Steel_Official_Trailer_3_HD_
http://manofsteel.com http://www.facebook.com/manofsteel In theaters June 14th. From Warner Bros. and Legendary Pictures comes "Man of Steel", starring Henry...
- published: 17 Apr 2013
- author: WarnerBrosPictures
FIRETRUCK! (Official Music Video)
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 2:48
- Updated: 16 May 2013
BLOOPERS: http://bit.ly/FiretruckBloopers GET THE SONG: http://smo.sh/WMZv7l MILKSHAKE MUSIC VIDEO: http://bit.ly/MilkyMilkshake CHECK OUT THIS FIRETRUCK TEE...
http://wn.com/FIRETRUCK!_Official_Music_Video
BLOOPERS: http://bit.ly/FiretruckBloopers GET THE SONG: http://smo.sh/WMZv7l MILKSHAKE MUSIC VIDEO: http://bit.ly/MilkyMilkshake CHECK OUT THIS FIRETRUCK TEE...
- published: 27 Aug 2010
- author: smosh
Janet Devlin's audition - The X Factor 2011 - itv.com/xfactor
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 2:23
- Updated: 16 May 2013
The X Factor: Incredibly nervous 16-year-old Janet has flown over from the depths of Ireland to be at her audition. Living in a tiny village in the middle of...
http://wn.com/Janet_Devlin's_audition_The_X_Factor_2011_itvcom_xfactor
The X Factor: Incredibly nervous 16-year-old Janet has flown over from the depths of Ireland to be at her audition. Living in a tiny village in the middle of...
- published: 21 Aug 2011
- author: TheXFactorUK
P!nk - Perfect
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 4:00
- Updated: 12 May 2013
Music video by P!nk performing F**kin' Perfect. (C) 2010 LaFace Records, a unit of Sony Music Entertainment.
http://wn.com/P!nk_Perfect
Music video by P!nk performing F**kin' Perfect. (C) 2010 LaFace Records, a unit of Sony Music Entertainment.
- published: 20 Jan 2011
- views: 10606724
- author: PinkVEVO
Celebrities Read Tweets About Themselves
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:11
- Updated: 16 May 2013
Jimmy Kimmel Live - Celebrities Read Tweets About Themselves Jimmy Kimmel Live's YouTube channel features clips and recaps of every episode from the late nig...
http://wn.com/Celebrities_Read_Tweets_About_Themselves
Jimmy Kimmel Live - Celebrities Read Tweets About Themselves Jimmy Kimmel Live's YouTube channel features clips and recaps of every episode from the late nig...
- published: 22 Mar 2012
- author: JimmyKimmelLive
![MACKLEMORE X RYAN LEWIS - OTHERSIDE REMIX FEAT. FENCES [MUSIC VIDEO]](http://web.archive.org./web/20130516100640im_/http://i.ytimg.com/vi/fvDQy53eldY/default.jpg "MACKLEMORE X RYAN LEWIS - OTHERSIDE REMIX FEAT. FENCES [MUSIC VIDEO]")
MACKLEMORE X RYAN LEWIS - OTHERSIDE REMIX FEAT. FENCES [MUSIC VIDEO]
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 5:05
- Updated: 16 May 2013
The Otherside Remix Music Video was filmed in various locations for about a year and a half throughout 2010-2011. It is the duo's second video collaboration ...
http://wn.com/MACKLEMORE_X_RYAN_LEWIS_OTHERSIDE_REMIX_FEAT_FENCES_MUSIC_VIDEO_
The Otherside Remix Music Video was filmed in various locations for about a year and a half throughout 2010-2011. It is the duo's second video collaboration ...
- published: 31 Aug 2011
- author: Ryan Lewis
P!nk - So What
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:46
- Updated: 16 May 2013
Music video by P!nk performing So What. YouTube view counts pre-VEVO: 952031 (C) 2008 LaFace Records, LLC.
http://wn.com/P!nk_So_What
Music video by P!nk performing So What. YouTube view counts pre-VEVO: 952031 (C) 2008 LaFace Records, LLC.
- published: 25 Oct 2009
- author: PinkVEVO
Threw It On The Ground
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 2:48
- Updated: 16 May 2013
Download on iTunes: http://goo.gl/gcVR7 THREE T-Shirt designs!: http://goo.gl/jr4sY So many things to throw on the ground! Featuring Ryan Reynolds and Elijah...
http://wn.com/Threw_It_On_The_Ground
Download on iTunes: http://goo.gl/gcVR7 THREE T-Shirt designs!: http://goo.gl/jr4sY So many things to throw on the ground! Featuring Ryan Reynolds and Elijah...
- published: 26 Jul 2011
- author: thelonelyisland
P!nk - Raise Your Glass
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:23
- Updated: 16 May 2013
Music video by P!nk performing Raise Your Glass. (C) 2010 LaFace Records, a unit of Sony Music Entertainment.
http://wn.com/P!nk_Raise_Your_Glass
Music video by P!nk performing Raise Your Glass. (C) 2010 LaFace Records, a unit of Sony Music Entertainment.
- published: 02 Nov 2010
- author: PinkVEVO
Mortal Kombat: Legacy - Season 2 Trailer
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 2:15
- Updated: 16 May 2013
Watch Season 1 of Mortal Kombat Legacy here: http://www.youtube.com/channel/SWVkIoQKmEa4I The Mortal Kombat Legacy continues in Season 2 as Liu Kang, Kung La...
http://wn.com/Mortal_Kombat_Legacy_Season_2_Trailer
Watch Season 1 of Mortal Kombat Legacy here: http://www.youtube.com/channel/SWVkIoQKmEa4I The Mortal Kombat Legacy continues in Season 2 as Liu Kang, Kung La...
- published: 18 Feb 2013
- author: machinima
Draw My Life - Ryan Higa
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 7:35
- Updated: 16 May 2013
So i was pretty hesitant to make this video... but after all of your request, here is my Draw My Life video! Check out my 2nd Channel for more vlogs: http://...
http://wn.com/Draw_My_Life_Ryan_Higa
So i was pretty hesitant to make this video... but after all of your request, here is my Draw My Life video! Check out my 2nd Channel for more vlogs: http://...
- published: 11 Apr 2013
- author: nigahiga
Adele - Someone Like You
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 4:45
- Updated: 15 May 2013
Music video by Adele performing Someone Like You. (C) 2011 XL Recordings Ltd.
http://wn.com/Adele_Someone_Like_You
Music video by Adele performing Someone Like You. (C) 2011 XL Recordings Ltd.
- published: 29 Sep 2011
- author: AdeleVEVO
Send this Playlist by SMS
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P!nk - Just Give Me A Reason ft. Nate Ruess
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 4:03
- Updated: 15 May 2013
From the Grammy Nominated album The Truth About Love available now - http://smarturl.it/tal Music video by P!nk featuring Nate Ruess performing Just Give Me ...
http://wn.com/P!nk_Just_Give_Me_A_Reason_ft_Nate_Ruess
From the Grammy Nominated album The Truth About Love available now - http://smarturl.it/tal Music video by P!nk featuring Nate Ruess performing Just Give Me ...
- published: 05 Feb 2013
- author: PinkVEVO
Alexandra Stan - Mr Saxobeat (Official Video)
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:15
- Updated: 16 May 2013
Buy It On/ Cómpralo: iTunes: http://bit.ly/17n3k9o Google Play: http://bit.ly/112iFdh Beatport: http://btprt.dj/YjPrYq Listen/ Escúchalo: Spotify: http://spo...
http://wn.com/Alexandra_Stan_Mr_Saxobeat_Official_Video
Buy It On/ Cómpralo: iTunes: http://bit.ly/17n3k9o Google Play: http://bit.ly/112iFdh Beatport: http://btprt.dj/YjPrYq Listen/ Escúchalo: Spotify: http://spo...
- published: 26 Nov 2010
- author: blancoynegro
Jack Sparrow (feat. Michael Bolton)
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:17
- Updated: 16 May 2013
Buy at iTunes: http://goo.gl/zv4o9. New album on sale now! http://turtleneckandchain.com.
http://wn.com/Jack_Sparrow_feat_Michael_Bolton
Buy at iTunes: http://goo.gl/zv4o9. New album on sale now! http://turtleneckandchain.com.
- published: 08 May 2011
- author: thelonelyisland
Rihanna - Take A Bow
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:50
- Updated: 16 May 2013
Music video by Rihanna performing Take A Bow. YouTube view counts pre-VEVO: 66288884. (C) 2008 The Island Def Jam Music Group.
http://wn.com/Rihanna_Take_A_Bow
Music video by Rihanna performing Take A Bow. YouTube view counts pre-VEVO: 66288884. (C) 2008 The Island Def Jam Music Group.
- published: 30 Nov 2009
- author: RihannaVEVO
THE LEGEND OF ZELDA RAP [MUSIC VIDEO]
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:34
- Updated: 16 May 2013
WATCH BLOOPERS & MORE: http://bit.ly/ZELDAxtras DOWNLOAD THE SONG: http://smo.sh/13NrBp8 DOWNLOAD UNCENSORED SONG: http://smo.sh/WMYpsf GET LEGEND OF SMOSH T...
http://wn.com/THE_LEGEND_OF_ZELDA_RAP_MUSIC_VIDEO_
WATCH BLOOPERS & MORE: http://bit.ly/ZELDAxtras DOWNLOAD THE SONG: http://smo.sh/13NrBp8 DOWNLOAD UNCENSORED SONG: http://smo.sh/WMYpsf GET LEGEND OF SMOSH T...
- published: 18 Nov 2011
- author: smosh
James Arthur sings Shontelle's Impossible - The Final - The X Factor UK 2012
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 4:00
- Updated: 16 May 2013
Watch judges' comments at http://itv.com/XFactor (UK ONLY) Watch James Arthur sing Impossible by Shontelle Sweeeeet! As potential Winner's Singles go, this o...
http://wn.com/James_Arthur_sings_Shontelle's_Impossible_The_Final_The_X_Factor_UK_2012
Watch judges' comments at http://itv.com/XFactor (UK ONLY) Watch James Arthur sing Impossible by Shontelle Sweeeeet! As potential Winner's Singles go, this o...
- published: 09 Dec 2012
- author: TheXFactorUK
MACKLEMORE & RYAN LEWIS - THRIFT SHOP FEAT. WANZ (OFFICIAL VIDEO)
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:53
- Updated: 16 May 2013
Thrift Shop on iTunes: http://itunes.apple.com/us/album/thrift-shop-feat.-wanz-single/id556955707 The Heist physical deluxe edition: http://www.macklemoremer...
http://wn.com/MACKLEMORE_RYAN_LEWIS_THRIFT_SHOP_FEAT_WANZ_OFFICIAL_VIDEO
Thrift Shop on iTunes: http://itunes.apple.com/us/album/thrift-shop-feat.-wanz-single/id556955707 The Heist physical deluxe edition: http://www.macklemoremer...
- published: 29 Aug 2012
- author: Ryan Lewis
Bromance (Official Music Video)
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:47
- Updated: 16 May 2013
Get the song at: http://itunes.apple.com/us/album/bromance-single/id512264961 Music and Lyrics by Chester See (The Singer) http://www.youtube.com/chestersee ...
http://wn.com/Bromance_Official_Music_Video
Get the song at: http://itunes.apple.com/us/album/bromance-single/id512264961 Music and Lyrics by Chester See (The Singer) http://www.youtube.com/chestersee ...
- published: 21 Mar 2012
- author: nigahiga
P!nk - Just Give Me A Reason (Official Lyric Video)
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 4:05
- Updated: 16 May 2013
The Truth About Love available on iTunes NOW http://smarturl.it/tal Music video by P!nk performing Just Give Me A Reason. (C) 2012 RCA Records, a division of...
http://wn.com/P!nk_Just_Give_Me_A_Reason_Official_Lyric_Video
The Truth About Love available on iTunes NOW http://smarturl.it/tal Music video by P!nk performing Just Give Me A Reason. (C) 2012 RCA Records, a division of...
- published: 11 Sep 2012
- author: PinkVEVO
Kristen Bell's Sloth Meltdown
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:44
- Updated: 15 May 2013
Kristen Bell loves sloths. You might even say she's obsessed with them. She told Ellen about what happened when her boyfriend, Dax Shepard, introduced her to...
http://wn.com/Kristen_Bell's_Sloth_Meltdown
Kristen Bell loves sloths. You might even say she's obsessed with them. She told Ellen about what happened when her boyfriend, Dax Shepard, introduced her to...
- published: 31 Jan 2012
- views: 15999095
- author: TheEllenShow
Rihanna - Hate That I Love You ft. Ne-Yo
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 4:58
- Updated: 16 May 2013
Music video by Rihanna performing Hate That I Love You. YouTube view counts pre-VEVO: 57208048. (C) 2007 The Island Def Jam Music Group.
http://wn.com/Rihanna_Hate_That_I_Love_You_ft_Ne-Yo
Music video by Rihanna performing Hate That I Love You. YouTube view counts pre-VEVO: 57208048. (C) 2007 The Island Def Jam Music Group.
- published: 30 Nov 2009
- author: RihannaVEVO
Rihanna - Unfaithful
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 4:56
- Updated: 16 May 2013
Music video by Rihanna performing Unfaithful. (C) 2006 The Island Def Jam Music Group #VEVOCertified on Feb. 15, 2012. http://vevo.com/certified http://youtu...
http://wn.com/Rihanna_Unfaithful
Music video by Rihanna performing Unfaithful. (C) 2006 The Island Def Jam Music Group #VEVOCertified on Feb. 15, 2012. http://vevo.com/certified http://youtu...
- published: 23 Nov 2009
- author: RihannaVEVO
P!nk - F**kin' Perfect
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 4:08
- Updated: 16 May 2013
Music video by P!nk performing F**kin' Perfect. (C) 2010 LaFace Records, a unit of Sony Music Entertainment.
http://wn.com/P!nk_F**kin'_Perfect
Music video by P!nk performing F**kin' Perfect. (C) 2010 LaFace Records, a unit of Sony Music Entertainment.
- published: 19 Jan 2011
- author: PinkVEVO
Man of Steel - Official Trailer 3 [HD]
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:03
- Updated: 16 May 2013
http://manofsteel.com http://www.facebook.com/manofsteel In theaters June 14th. From Warner Bros. and Legendary Pictures comes "Man of Steel", starring Henry...
http://wn.com/Man_of_Steel_Official_Trailer_3_HD_
http://manofsteel.com http://www.facebook.com/manofsteel In theaters June 14th. From Warner Bros. and Legendary Pictures comes "Man of Steel", starring Henry...
- published: 17 Apr 2013
- author: WarnerBrosPictures
FIRETRUCK! (Official Music Video)
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 2:48
- Updated: 16 May 2013
BLOOPERS: http://bit.ly/FiretruckBloopers GET THE SONG: http://smo.sh/WMZv7l MILKSHAKE MUSIC VIDEO: http://bit.ly/MilkyMilkshake CHECK OUT THIS FIRETRUCK TEE...
http://wn.com/FIRETRUCK!_Official_Music_Video
BLOOPERS: http://bit.ly/FiretruckBloopers GET THE SONG: http://smo.sh/WMZv7l MILKSHAKE MUSIC VIDEO: http://bit.ly/MilkyMilkshake CHECK OUT THIS FIRETRUCK TEE...
- published: 27 Aug 2010
- author: smosh
![ULTIMATE ASSASSIN'S CREED 3 SONG [Music Video]](http://web.archive.org./web/20130516100640im_/http://i.ytimg.com/vi/12PWq22E9CQ/default.jpg "ULTIMATE ASSASSIN'S CREED 3 SONG [Music Video]")
ULTIMATE ASSASSIN'S CREED 3 SONG [Music Video]
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 4:07
- Updated: 16 May 2013
GET THE SHIRT! http://bit.ly/DeathBlowTShirt WATCH BLOOPERS & MORE: http://bit.ly/AC3XTRAS DOWNLOAD THE SONG: http://bit.ly/AC3Clean DOWNLOAD THE UNCENSORED ...
http://wn.com/ULTIMATE_ASSASSIN'S_CREED_3_SONG_Music_Video_
GET THE SHIRT! http://bit.ly/DeathBlowTShirt WATCH BLOOPERS & MORE: http://bit.ly/AC3XTRAS DOWNLOAD THE SONG: http://bit.ly/AC3Clean DOWNLOAD THE UNCENSORED ...
- published: 26 Oct 2012
- author: smosh
Janet Devlin's audition - The X Factor 2011 - itv.com/xfactor
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 2:23
- Updated: 16 May 2013
The X Factor: Incredibly nervous 16-year-old Janet has flown over from the depths of Ireland to be at her audition. Living in a tiny village in the middle of...
http://wn.com/Janet_Devlin's_audition_The_X_Factor_2011_itvcom_xfactor
The X Factor: Incredibly nervous 16-year-old Janet has flown over from the depths of Ireland to be at her audition. Living in a tiny village in the middle of...
- published: 21 Aug 2011
- author: TheXFactorUK
Celebrities Read Tweets About Themselves
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:11
- Updated: 16 May 2013
Jimmy Kimmel Live - Celebrities Read Tweets About Themselves Jimmy Kimmel Live's YouTube channel features clips and recaps of every episode from the late nig...
http://wn.com/Celebrities_Read_Tweets_About_Themselves
Jimmy Kimmel Live - Celebrities Read Tweets About Themselves Jimmy Kimmel Live's YouTube channel features clips and recaps of every episode from the late nig...
- published: 22 Mar 2012
- author: JimmyKimmelLive
MACKLEMORE X RYAN LEWIS - OTHERSIDE REMIX FEAT. FENCES [MUSIC VIDEO]
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 5:05
- Updated: 16 May 2013
The Otherside Remix Music Video was filmed in various locations for about a year and a half throughout 2010-2011. It is the duo's second video collaboration ...
http://wn.com/MACKLEMORE_X_RYAN_LEWIS_OTHERSIDE_REMIX_FEAT_FENCES_MUSIC_VIDEO_
The Otherside Remix Music Video was filmed in various locations for about a year and a half throughout 2010-2011. It is the duo's second video collaboration ...
- published: 31 Aug 2011
- author: Ryan Lewis
P!nk - So What
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:46
- Updated: 16 May 2013
Music video by P!nk performing So What. YouTube view counts pre-VEVO: 952031 (C) 2008 LaFace Records, LLC.
http://wn.com/P!nk_So_What
Music video by P!nk performing So What. YouTube view counts pre-VEVO: 952031 (C) 2008 LaFace Records, LLC.
- published: 25 Oct 2009
- author: PinkVEVO
Threw It On The Ground
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 2:48
- Updated: 16 May 2013
Download on iTunes: http://goo.gl/gcVR7 THREE T-Shirt designs!: http://goo.gl/jr4sY So many things to throw on the ground! Featuring Ryan Reynolds and Elijah...
http://wn.com/Threw_It_On_The_Ground
Download on iTunes: http://goo.gl/gcVR7 THREE T-Shirt designs!: http://goo.gl/jr4sY So many things to throw on the ground! Featuring Ryan Reynolds and Elijah...
- published: 26 Jul 2011
- author: thelonelyisland
P!nk - Raise Your Glass
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:23
- Updated: 16 May 2013
Music video by P!nk performing Raise Your Glass. (C) 2010 LaFace Records, a unit of Sony Music Entertainment.
http://wn.com/P!nk_Raise_Your_Glass
Music video by P!nk performing Raise Your Glass. (C) 2010 LaFace Records, a unit of Sony Music Entertainment.
- published: 02 Nov 2010
- author: PinkVEVO
Mortal Kombat: Legacy - Season 2 Trailer
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 2:15
- Updated: 16 May 2013
Watch Season 1 of Mortal Kombat Legacy here: http://www.youtube.com/channel/SWVkIoQKmEa4I The Mortal Kombat Legacy continues in Season 2 as Liu Kang, Kung La...
http://wn.com/Mortal_Kombat_Legacy_Season_2_Trailer
Watch Season 1 of Mortal Kombat Legacy here: http://www.youtube.com/channel/SWVkIoQKmEa4I The Mortal Kombat Legacy continues in Season 2 as Liu Kang, Kung La...
- published: 18 Feb 2013
- author: machinima
4:03
P!nk - Just Give Me A Reason ft. Nate Ruess
From the Grammy Nominated album The Truth About Love available now - http://smarturl.it/ta...
published: 05 Feb 2013
author: PinkVEVO
P!nk - Just Give Me A Reason ft. Nate Ruess
From the Grammy Nominated album The Truth About Love available now - http://smarturl.it/tal Music video by P!nk featuring Nate Ruess performing Just Give Me ...
- published: 05 Feb 2013
- author: PinkVEVO
3:15
Alexandra Stan - Mr Saxobeat (Official Video)
Buy It On/ Cómpralo: iTunes: http://bit.ly/17n3k9o Google Play: http://bit.ly/112iFdh Beat...
published: 26 Nov 2010
author: blancoynegro
Alexandra Stan - Mr Saxobeat (Official Video)
Buy It On/ Cómpralo: iTunes: http://bit.ly/17n3k9o Google Play: http://bit.ly/112iFdh Beatport: http://btprt.dj/YjPrYq Listen/ Escúchalo: Spotify: http://spo...
- published: 26 Nov 2010
- author: blancoynegro
3:17
Jack Sparrow (feat. Michael Bolton)
Buy at iTunes: http://goo.gl/zv4o9. New album on sale now! http://turtleneckandchain.com....
published: 08 May 2011
author: thelonelyisland
Jack Sparrow (feat. Michael Bolton)
Buy at iTunes: http://goo.gl/zv4o9. New album on sale now! http://turtleneckandchain.com.
- published: 08 May 2011
- author: thelonelyisland
3:50
Rihanna - Take A Bow
Music video by Rihanna performing Take A Bow. YouTube view counts pre-VEVO: 66288884. (C) ...
published: 30 Nov 2009
author: RihannaVEVO
Rihanna - Take A Bow
Music video by Rihanna performing Take A Bow. YouTube view counts pre-VEVO: 66288884. (C) 2008 The Island Def Jam Music Group.
- published: 30 Nov 2009
- author: RihannaVEVO
3:34
THE LEGEND OF ZELDA RAP [MUSIC VIDEO]
WATCH BLOOPERS & MORE: http://bit.ly/ZELDAxtras DOWNLOAD THE SONG: http://smo.sh/13NrBp8 D...
published: 18 Nov 2011
author: smosh
THE LEGEND OF ZELDA RAP [MUSIC VIDEO]
WATCH BLOOPERS & MORE: http://bit.ly/ZELDAxtras DOWNLOAD THE SONG: http://smo.sh/13NrBp8 DOWNLOAD UNCENSORED SONG: http://smo.sh/WMYpsf GET LEGEND OF SMOSH T...
- published: 18 Nov 2011
- author: smosh
4:00
James Arthur sings Shontelle's Impossible - The Final - The X Factor UK 2012
Watch judges' comments at http://itv.com/XFactor (UK ONLY) Watch James Arthur sing Impossi...
published: 09 Dec 2012
author: TheXFactorUK
James Arthur sings Shontelle's Impossible - The Final - The X Factor UK 2012
Watch judges' comments at http://itv.com/XFactor (UK ONLY) Watch James Arthur sing Impossible by Shontelle Sweeeeet! As potential Winner's Singles go, this o...
- published: 09 Dec 2012
- author: TheXFactorUK
3:53
MACKLEMORE & RYAN LEWIS - THRIFT SHOP FEAT. WANZ (OFFICIAL VIDEO)
Thrift Shop on iTunes: http://itunes.apple.com/us/album/thrift-shop-feat.-wanz-single/id55...
published: 29 Aug 2012
author: Ryan Lewis
MACKLEMORE & RYAN LEWIS - THRIFT SHOP FEAT. WANZ (OFFICIAL VIDEO)
Thrift Shop on iTunes: http://itunes.apple.com/us/album/thrift-shop-feat.-wanz-single/id556955707 The Heist physical deluxe edition: http://www.macklemoremer...
- published: 29 Aug 2012
- author: Ryan Lewis
3:47
Bromance (Official Music Video)
Get the song at: http://itunes.apple.com/us/album/bromance-single/id512264961 Music and Ly...
published: 21 Mar 2012
author: nigahiga
Bromance (Official Music Video)
Get the song at: http://itunes.apple.com/us/album/bromance-single/id512264961 Music and Lyrics by Chester See (The Singer) http://www.youtube.com/chestersee ...
- published: 21 Mar 2012
- author: nigahiga
4:05
P!nk - Just Give Me A Reason (Official Lyric Video)
The Truth About Love available on iTunes NOW http://smarturl.it/tal Music video by P!nk pe...
published: 11 Sep 2012
author: PinkVEVO
P!nk - Just Give Me A Reason (Official Lyric Video)
The Truth About Love available on iTunes NOW http://smarturl.it/tal Music video by P!nk performing Just Give Me A Reason. (C) 2012 RCA Records, a division of...
- published: 11 Sep 2012
- author: PinkVEVO
3:44
Kristen Bell's Sloth Meltdown
Kristen Bell loves sloths. You might even say she's obsessed with them. She told Ellen abo...
published: 31 Jan 2012
author: TheEllenShow
Kristen Bell's Sloth Meltdown
Kristen Bell loves sloths. You might even say she's obsessed with them. She told Ellen about what happened when her boyfriend, Dax Shepard, introduced her to...
- published: 31 Jan 2012
- views: 15999095
- author: TheEllenShow
4:56
Rihanna - Unfaithful
Music video by Rihanna performing Unfaithful. (C) 2006 The Island Def Jam Music Group #VEV...
published: 23 Nov 2009
author: RihannaVEVO
Rihanna - Unfaithful
Music video by Rihanna performing Unfaithful. (C) 2006 The Island Def Jam Music Group #VEVOCertified on Feb. 15, 2012. http://vevo.com/certified http://youtu...
- published: 23 Nov 2009
- author: RihannaVEVO
3:03
Man of Steel - Official Trailer 3 [HD]
http://manofsteel.com http://www.facebook.com/manofsteel In theaters June 14th. From Warne...
published: 17 Apr 2013
author: WarnerBrosPictures
Man of Steel - Official Trailer 3 [HD]
http://manofsteel.com http://www.facebook.com/manofsteel In theaters June 14th. From Warner Bros. and Legendary Pictures comes "Man of Steel", starring Henry...
- published: 17 Apr 2013
- author: WarnerBrosPictures
2:48
FIRETRUCK! (Official Music Video)
BLOOPERS: http://bit.ly/FiretruckBloopers GET THE SONG: http://smo.sh/WMZv7l MILKSHAKE MUS...
published: 27 Aug 2010
author: smosh
FIRETRUCK! (Official Music Video)
BLOOPERS: http://bit.ly/FiretruckBloopers GET THE SONG: http://smo.sh/WMZv7l MILKSHAKE MUSIC VIDEO: http://bit.ly/MilkyMilkshake CHECK OUT THIS FIRETRUCK TEE...
- published: 27 Aug 2010
- author: smosh
2:23
Janet Devlin's audition - The X Factor 2011 - itv.com/xfactor
The X Factor: Incredibly nervous 16-year-old Janet has flown over from the depths of Irela...
published: 21 Aug 2011
author: TheXFactorUK
Janet Devlin's audition - The X Factor 2011 - itv.com/xfactor
The X Factor: Incredibly nervous 16-year-old Janet has flown over from the depths of Ireland to be at her audition. Living in a tiny village in the middle of...
- published: 21 Aug 2011
- author: TheXFactorUK
Youtube results:
4:00
P!nk - Perfect
Music video by P!nk performing F**kin' Perfect. (C) 2010 LaFace Records, a unit of Sony Mu...
published: 20 Jan 2011
author: PinkVEVO
P!nk - Perfect
Music video by P!nk performing F**kin' Perfect. (C) 2010 LaFace Records, a unit of Sony Music Entertainment.
- published: 20 Jan 2011
- views: 10606724
- author: PinkVEVO
3:11
Celebrities Read Tweets About Themselves
Jimmy Kimmel Live - Celebrities Read Tweets About Themselves Jimmy Kimmel Live's YouTube c...
published: 22 Mar 2012
author: JimmyKimmelLive
Celebrities Read Tweets About Themselves
Jimmy Kimmel Live - Celebrities Read Tweets About Themselves Jimmy Kimmel Live's YouTube channel features clips and recaps of every episode from the late nig...
- published: 22 Mar 2012
- author: JimmyKimmelLive
5:05
MACKLEMORE X RYAN LEWIS - OTHERSIDE REMIX FEAT. FENCES [MUSIC VIDEO]
The Otherside Remix Music Video was filmed in various locations for about a year and a hal...
published: 31 Aug 2011
author: Ryan Lewis
MACKLEMORE X RYAN LEWIS - OTHERSIDE REMIX FEAT. FENCES [MUSIC VIDEO]
The Otherside Remix Music Video was filmed in various locations for about a year and a half throughout 2010-2011. It is the duo's second video collaboration ...
- published: 31 Aug 2011
- author: Ryan Lewis
3:46
P!nk - So What
Music video by P!nk performing So What. YouTube view counts pre-VEVO: 952031 (C) 2008 LaFa...
published: 25 Oct 2009
author: PinkVEVO
P!nk - So What
Music video by P!nk performing So What. YouTube view counts pre-VEVO: 952031 (C) 2008 LaFace Records, LLC.
- published: 25 Oct 2009
- author: PinkVEVO
4:03
P!nk - Just Give Me A Reason ft. Nate Ruess
From the Grammy Nominated album The Truth About Love available now - http://smarturl.it/ta...
published: 05 Feb 2013
author: PinkVEVO
P!nk - Just Give Me A Reason ft. Nate Ruess
From the Grammy Nominated album The Truth About Love available now - http://smarturl.it/tal Music video by P!nk featuring Nate Ruess performing Just Give Me ...
- published: 05 Feb 2013
- author: PinkVEVO
3:15
Alexandra Stan - Mr Saxobeat (Official Video)
Buy It On/ Cómpralo: iTunes: http://bit.ly/17n3k9o Google Play: http://bit.ly/112iFdh Beat...
published: 26 Nov 2010
author: blancoynegro
Alexandra Stan - Mr Saxobeat (Official Video)
Buy It On/ Cómpralo: iTunes: http://bit.ly/17n3k9o Google Play: http://bit.ly/112iFdh Beatport: http://btprt.dj/YjPrYq Listen/ Escúchalo: Spotify: http://spo...
- published: 26 Nov 2010
- author: blancoynegro
3:17
Jack Sparrow (feat. Michael Bolton)
Buy at iTunes: http://goo.gl/zv4o9. New album on sale now! http://turtleneckandchain.com....
published: 08 May 2011
author: thelonelyisland
Jack Sparrow (feat. Michael Bolton)
Buy at iTunes: http://goo.gl/zv4o9. New album on sale now! http://turtleneckandchain.com.
- published: 08 May 2011
- author: thelonelyisland
3:50
Rihanna - Take A Bow
Music video by Rihanna performing Take A Bow. YouTube view counts pre-VEVO: 66288884. (C) ...
published: 30 Nov 2009
author: RihannaVEVO
Rihanna - Take A Bow
Music video by Rihanna performing Take A Bow. YouTube view counts pre-VEVO: 66288884. (C) 2008 The Island Def Jam Music Group.
- published: 30 Nov 2009
- author: RihannaVEVO
3:34
THE LEGEND OF ZELDA RAP [MUSIC VIDEO]
WATCH BLOOPERS & MORE: http://bit.ly/ZELDAxtras DOWNLOAD THE SONG: http://smo.sh/13NrBp8 D...
published: 18 Nov 2011
author: smosh
THE LEGEND OF ZELDA RAP [MUSIC VIDEO]
WATCH BLOOPERS & MORE: http://bit.ly/ZELDAxtras DOWNLOAD THE SONG: http://smo.sh/13NrBp8 DOWNLOAD UNCENSORED SONG: http://smo.sh/WMYpsf GET LEGEND OF SMOSH T...
- published: 18 Nov 2011
- author: smosh
4:00
James Arthur sings Shontelle's Impossible - The Final - The X Factor UK 2012
Watch judges' comments at http://itv.com/XFactor (UK ONLY) Watch James Arthur sing Impossi...
published: 09 Dec 2012
author: TheXFactorUK
James Arthur sings Shontelle's Impossible - The Final - The X Factor UK 2012
Watch judges' comments at http://itv.com/XFactor (UK ONLY) Watch James Arthur sing Impossible by Shontelle Sweeeeet! As potential Winner's Singles go, this o...
- published: 09 Dec 2012
- author: TheXFactorUK
3:53
MACKLEMORE & RYAN LEWIS - THRIFT SHOP FEAT. WANZ (OFFICIAL VIDEO)
Thrift Shop on iTunes: http://itunes.apple.com/us/album/thrift-shop-feat.-wanz-single/id55...
published: 29 Aug 2012
author: Ryan Lewis
MACKLEMORE & RYAN LEWIS - THRIFT SHOP FEAT. WANZ (OFFICIAL VIDEO)
Thrift Shop on iTunes: http://itunes.apple.com/us/album/thrift-shop-feat.-wanz-single/id556955707 The Heist physical deluxe edition: http://www.macklemoremer...
- published: 29 Aug 2012
- author: Ryan Lewis
3:47
Bromance (Official Music Video)
Get the song at: http://itunes.apple.com/us/album/bromance-single/id512264961 Music and Ly...
published: 21 Mar 2012
author: nigahiga
Bromance (Official Music Video)
Get the song at: http://itunes.apple.com/us/album/bromance-single/id512264961 Music and Lyrics by Chester See (The Singer) http://www.youtube.com/chestersee ...
- published: 21 Mar 2012
- author: nigahiga
4:05
P!nk - Just Give Me A Reason (Official Lyric Video)
The Truth About Love available on iTunes NOW http://smarturl.it/tal Music video by P!nk pe...
published: 11 Sep 2012
author: PinkVEVO
P!nk - Just Give Me A Reason (Official Lyric Video)
The Truth About Love available on iTunes NOW http://smarturl.it/tal Music video by P!nk performing Just Give Me A Reason. (C) 2012 RCA Records, a division of...
- published: 11 Sep 2012
- author: PinkVEVO
3:44
Kristen Bell's Sloth Meltdown
Kristen Bell loves sloths. You might even say she's obsessed with them. She told Ellen abo...
published: 31 Jan 2012
author: TheEllenShow
Kristen Bell's Sloth Meltdown
Kristen Bell loves sloths. You might even say she's obsessed with them. She told Ellen about what happened when her boyfriend, Dax Shepard, introduced her to...
- published: 31 Jan 2012
- views: 15999095
- author: TheEllenShow
4:58
Rihanna - Hate That I Love You ft. Ne-Yo
Music video by Rihanna performing Hate That I Love You. YouTube view counts pre-VEVO: 5720...
published: 30 Nov 2009
author: RihannaVEVO
Rihanna - Hate That I Love You ft. Ne-Yo
Music video by Rihanna performing Hate That I Love You. YouTube view counts pre-VEVO: 57208048. (C) 2007 The Island Def Jam Music Group.
- published: 30 Nov 2009
- author: RihannaVEVO
4:56
Rihanna - Unfaithful
Music video by Rihanna performing Unfaithful. (C) 2006 The Island Def Jam Music Group #VEV...
published: 23 Nov 2009
author: RihannaVEVO
Rihanna - Unfaithful
Music video by Rihanna performing Unfaithful. (C) 2006 The Island Def Jam Music Group #VEVOCertified on Feb. 15, 2012. http://vevo.com/certified http://youtu...
- published: 23 Nov 2009
- author: RihannaVEVO
4:08
P!nk - F**kin' Perfect
Music video by P!nk performing F**kin' Perfect. (C) 2010 LaFace Records, a unit of Sony Mu...
published: 19 Jan 2011
author: PinkVEVO
P!nk - F**kin' Perfect
Music video by P!nk performing F**kin' Perfect. (C) 2010 LaFace Records, a unit of Sony Music Entertainment.
- published: 19 Jan 2011
- author: PinkVEVO
3:03
Man of Steel - Official Trailer 3 [HD]
http://manofsteel.com http://www.facebook.com/manofsteel In theaters June 14th. From Warne...
published: 17 Apr 2013
author: WarnerBrosPictures
Man of Steel - Official Trailer 3 [HD]
http://manofsteel.com http://www.facebook.com/manofsteel In theaters June 14th. From Warner Bros. and Legendary Pictures comes "Man of Steel", starring Henry...
- published: 17 Apr 2013
- author: WarnerBrosPictures
Youtube results:
2:48
FIRETRUCK! (Official Music Video)
BLOOPERS: http://bit.ly/FiretruckBloopers GET THE SONG: http://smo.sh/WMZv7l MILKSHAKE MUS...
published: 27 Aug 2010
author: smosh
FIRETRUCK! (Official Music Video)
BLOOPERS: http://bit.ly/FiretruckBloopers GET THE SONG: http://smo.sh/WMZv7l MILKSHAKE MUSIC VIDEO: http://bit.ly/MilkyMilkshake CHECK OUT THIS FIRETRUCK TEE...
- published: 27 Aug 2010
- author: smosh
4:07
ULTIMATE ASSASSIN'S CREED 3 SONG [Music Video]
GET THE SHIRT! http://bit.ly/DeathBlowTShirt WATCH BLOOPERS & MORE: http://bit.ly/AC3XTRAS...
published: 26 Oct 2012
author: smosh
ULTIMATE ASSASSIN'S CREED 3 SONG [Music Video]
GET THE SHIRT! http://bit.ly/DeathBlowTShirt WATCH BLOOPERS & MORE: http://bit.ly/AC3XTRAS DOWNLOAD THE SONG: http://bit.ly/AC3Clean DOWNLOAD THE UNCENSORED ...
- published: 26 Oct 2012
- author: smosh
2:23
Janet Devlin's audition - The X Factor 2011 - itv.com/xfactor
The X Factor: Incredibly nervous 16-year-old Janet has flown over from the depths of Irela...
published: 21 Aug 2011
author: TheXFactorUK
Janet Devlin's audition - The X Factor 2011 - itv.com/xfactor
The X Factor: Incredibly nervous 16-year-old Janet has flown over from the depths of Ireland to be at her audition. Living in a tiny village in the middle of...
- published: 21 Aug 2011
- author: TheXFactorUK
3:11
Celebrities Read Tweets About Themselves
Jimmy Kimmel Live - Celebrities Read Tweets About Themselves Jimmy Kimmel Live's YouTube c...
published: 22 Mar 2012
author: JimmyKimmelLive
Celebrities Read Tweets About Themselves
Jimmy Kimmel Live - Celebrities Read Tweets About Themselves Jimmy Kimmel Live's YouTube channel features clips and recaps of every episode from the late nig...
- published: 22 Mar 2012
- author: JimmyKimmelLive
photo: AP / Koji Sasahara
14 May 2013
The Japanese military's forced prostitution of Asian women before and during World War II was necessary to "maintain discipline" in the ranks and provide rest for soldiers, an outspoken nationalist mayor has said. The comments made on Monday are already raising anger in neighbouring countries that bore the brunt of Japan's wartime aggression, and that have long complained that Japan has failed to make amends for wartime atrocities ... ....(size: 8.3Kb)
photo: US Navy / MCS2 Tony D. Curtis
15 May 2013
A drone the size of a fighter jet has taken off from the deck of an US aircraft carrier for the first time in a test flight that could eventually open the way for the US to launch unmanned aircraft from almost anywhere in the world. The X-47B is the first drone designed to take off and land on a carrier, meaning the US military would not need permission from other countries to use their bases ... 643 Source.. AP ... Infographic....(size: 8.4Kb)
photo: AP / Abdukareem Haruna
15 May 2013
Nigeria's President Goodluck Jonathan has acknowledged that parts of Borno state have been 'taken over' by insurgents. (AFP). More Coverage. The insurgents, who say they are fighting to create an Islamic state in the north, have carried out scores of attacks since 2009 but Jonathan said the violence can no longer be treated as "militancy or criminality" ... Previous decree ... Jonathan vowed that he would not employ that measure ... ....(size: 3.4Kb)
photo: AP / Abdukareem Haruna
15 May 2013
Admitting that Islamist extremists now control some of his nation’s villages and towns, President Goodluck Jonathan declared a state of emergency on Tuesday across Nigeria’s troubled northeast, promising to send more troops to fight what he said is now an open rebellion. Mr ... Get Free E-mail Alerts on These Topics. Nigeria Jonathan, Goodluck Disasters and Emergencies Muslims and Islam ... . Inside NYTimes.com. Books » ... ....(size: 2.5Kb)
photo: AP / Ariel Schalit
15 May 2013
Correction Appended. WASHINGTON – A senior Israeli official signaled on Wednesday that Israel was considering further military strikes on Syria to stop the transfer of advanced weapons to Islamic militants, and he warned the Syrian president, Bashar al-Assad, that his government would face crippling consequences if it retaliated against Israel. The Israeli official said ... He contacted The New York Times on Wednesday ... Mr ... Wednesday ... ....(size: 4.6Kb)
Edit
Houston Chronicle
15 May 2013
Theatre Under The Stars stages the Tony-winning musical spoof of Arthurian legend (and musicals), "lovingly ripped-off" from the movie "Monty Python and the Holy Grail." ... HGO treats them this year to Giacomo Puccini's tale of the fast-burning love affair between Rodolfo and Mimi....(size: 8.6Kb)
Edit
The Examiner
15 May 2013
Rating for Pointfest 31 in St Louis. 5. Bullet For My Valentine opened the Main Stage and immediately set the tone. With their venomous sound piercing the air at breakneck speed the Welsh band performed half of their 8 song set from songs off their latest CD “Temper, Temper”.View slideshow. Alice In Chains, Papa Roach, Bullet For My Valentine and Three Days Grace headlined Pointfest 31 ... Louis performance) ... Louis ... 1) Burn. 2) …To Be Loved ... ....(size: 8.1Kb)
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IMDb
14 May 2013
... Melissa Fumero ("One Life to Live"), Joe Lo Truglio ("Burning Love," "Reno 911") and Chelsea Peretti ("Kroll Show," "Parks and Recreation") round out the talent list....(size: 1.1Kb)
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Headlines India
13 May 2013
"I love my food and get all the required ... When I eat wrong my trick is never to feel guilty just go burn it! I love desserts but now I am not having any sweets for a month," she said....(size: 0.9Kb)
Edit
The Times of India
13 May 2013
"I love my food and get all the required ... When I eat wrong my trick is never to feel guilty just go burn it! I love desserts but now I am not having any sweets for a month," she said....(size: 1.0Kb)
Edit
Newstrack India
13 May 2013
Tweet ... "I love my food and get all the required nutrition from food only, no supplements ... When I eat wrong my trick is never to feel guilty just go burn it! I love desserts but now I am not having any sweets for a month," she said. Read More ... ) .. ). ... . . . . . .. . . .. ....(size: 1.5Kb)
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The Examiner
11 May 2013
“Intelligence” stars “Lost’s” Josh Holloway and centers on. U.S. Cyber Command, a unit that has been created around one agent with a very special gift ... It hails from David E ... The show stars Jerry O’Connell (“Burning Love”), Kal Penn (“How I Met Your Mother”), Tony Shalhoub (“Monk”) and Chris Smith (“How I Met Your Mother”) ... Suggested by the author. ... Tweet. 0 Email ... If Spock is your man, you'll love our other 'Star Trek' favorite characters ... ....(size: 6.2Kb)
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The Daily Telegraph
10 May 2013
While spurned lovers could once tear up photographs and burn love letters, records kept on sites like Facebook are much harder to remove because of their sheer volume ... Devising "Pandora's Box" software which can scour online profiles for any trace of a former loved one and store them in one place – allowing users to choose which relics of ......(size: 6.5Kb)
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The Hollywood Reporter
10 May 2013
King Star King must regain his memory to defeat the evil (and adorable) Spring Bunny and rescue his love, the megababe Princess Snow White ... you've come to love after six seasons of the popular Adult Swim series ... Created by Curtis Gwinn (Walking Dead), Paul Scheer (The League, Human Giant) and Jonathan Stern (Childrens Hospital, Burning Love)....(size: 8.5Kb)
Edit
noodls
10 May 2013
King Star King must regain his memory to defeat the evil (and adorable) Spring Bunny and rescue his love, the megababe Princess Snow White ... you've come to love after six seasons of the popular Adult Swim series ... Created by Curtis Gwinn (Walking Dead), Paul Scheer (The League, Human Giant) and Jonathan Stern (Childrens Hospital, Burning Love)....(size: 13.8Kb)
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The Examiner
09 May 2013
You want one of the most important moments of your life to be as perfect as you can, so you have to find the right person to take pictures of your wedding day ... This is all right, but there are some things that you have to take into consideration before you just pick anyone to take these important pictures ... Tweet. 0 Email ... Sharon Burns, Atlanta Photography Examiner. Sharon Burns has had a love and passion for photography most of her life ... ....(size: 6.9Kb)
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Baltimore Sun
08 May 2013
A love letter to the teen comedies of the 1980s, the original "Hot ... In addition to starring on NBC's "Parks and Recreation" and the popular web series "Burning Love," Scott and wife Naomi Scott are co-creators and executive producers of parody series "The Greatest Event in Television History."...(size: 1.5Kb)
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The Inquisitr
08 May 2013
Posted. May 7, 2013. Parks and Recreation star Adam Scott has reportedly signed on for Hot Tub Time Machine 2. The upcoming sequel to the cult 2010 hit Hot Tub Time Machine will reportedly see Craig Robinson, Rob Corddry and Clarke Duke returning to their roles under the director of Steve Pink ... Of course, he has a steady job on NBC’s Parks and Rec, as well as the web series Burning Love ... [Image via. Dan Kosmayer, Shutterstock] ... ....(size: 2.1Kb)
For the episode of Arrested Development, see Burning Love (Arrested Development episode). For the Canadian punk group, see Burning Love (band).
| "Burning Love" | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| File:ElvisBurningLove45.jpg | ||||
| Single by Elvis Presley | ||||
| from the album Burning Love and Hits from His Movies, Volume 2 | ||||
| Released | August 1, 1972 | |||
| Format | Vinyl record (7" 45 RPM) | |||
| Recorded | RCA Studios, Hollywood, California, March 28, 1972 Master Take #6 |
|||
| Genre | Rock and roll | |||
| Length | 3:23 | |||
| Label | RCA | |||
| Writer(s) | Dennis Linde | |||
| Producer | Felton Jarvis | |||
| Elvis Presley singles chronology | ||||
|
||||
"Burning Love" is a song written by Dennis Linde, first recorded by Arthur Alexander, who included it on his self-titled 1972 album, and made famous by Elvis Presley, who took it to #2 in the United States in 1972. It was Presley's final top ten pop hit in the U.S.
Contents |
Elvis version[link]
Presley's version was released as a single on August 1, 1972, with the B-side "It's a Matter of Time", and it reached the Top 40 on the country charts, peaking at #36. Elvis had recorded it at RCA's Hollywood studios on March 28, 1972. The electric guitar opening and riffs were overdubbed and played by Dennis Linde himself.
For the weeks of October 21 and 28, 1972, "Burning Love" rose to #2 on the Billboard Hot 100, being kept from #1 by Chuck Berry's novelty song "My Ding-a-Ling." However, it reached #1 on Cashbox's Top 40 Charts for the week of November 11, which gave him 20 US #1 hits. The song was Elvis's 40th and last Top Ten hit on the US charts. It was also one of the last real rock songs in the last years of his life; from 1972 to 1977 the majority of his songs were ballads, and many of those placed on Billboard's Hot Country Singles chart. "Burning Love" was one of the few exceptions, along with "Promised Land" in 1974.
Reportedly, Presley did not care for the song, and did not feel comfortable performing it.[1] Nonetheless, he performed it in at least two high-profile productions: the concert film Elvis on Tour (during which he has to use a lyric sheet as the song was still new to him), and the later Aloha from Hawaii concert.
The song was also released on an album titled Burning Love and Hits from his Movies: Volume 2 on November 1, 1972. Despite this album's subtitle, none of the movie songs on it were ever hits. The only actual hit on the album was the title song, "Burning Love".
Other versions[link]
- Travis Tritt recorded the song for Honeymoon in Vegas soundtrack in 1992.
- Melissa Etheridge covered the song in 1994 for the televised Elvis Tribute hosted by John Stamos. It was released on the album "It's Now or Never: The Tribute to Elvis".
- Bruce Springsteen used the song in his concert line-ups in the late 90's and 2000's.
- Wynonna Judd recorded her version in the Lilo and Stitch soundtrack in 2003.
- The 69 Eyes recorded a more upbeat version for their 1992 album Bump 'n' Grind
Uses[link]
- "Burning Love" was used as a wake-up song on the space shuttle mission STS-123.
- Was recorded for the 1979 film, Elvis The Movie, starring Kurt Russell and Ronnie McDowell as the singing voice of Elvis. The song was not released for a soundtrack.
- The song was frequently used by comedian Conan O'Brien to warm up his audience prior to taping his talk show Late Night with Conan O'Brien, with the host singing the lyrics with musical accompaniment by the house band.
- A remix of the original was used for the Cirque du Soleil show Viva Elvis and found on its soundtrack. During the live show, it is played during a montage of Elvis's best love scenes on the rear-projection screen, while the band has a spotlight. This remix puts more emphasis on drums and guitars, with a sound like The Who.
- Velveeta used the song for a commercial changing the lyrics to "Hunka Hunka Meltin' Love".
References[link]
- ^ Roy Carr and Mick Farren, Elvis: The Illustrated Record. New York: Harmony Books, 1982; p. 148.
|
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http://wn.com/Burning_Love
This page contains text from Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Burning_Love
This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, which means that you can copy and modify it as long as the entire work (including additions) remains under this license.
This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, which means that you can copy and modify it as long as the entire work (including additions) remains under this license.
| Wynonna Judd | |
|---|---|
 Wynonna Judd, May 24, 2004 |
|
| Background information | |
| Birth name | Christina Claire Ciminella[1] |
| Also known as | Wynonna |
| Born | (1964-05-30) May 30, 1964 (age 48)[2] Ashland, Kentucky, U.S. |
| Genres | Country |
| Occupations | Singer |
| Instruments | Vocals, Guitar |
| Years active | 1992–present |
| Labels | Curb (1992–present) MCA (1992–1996) Universal (1997–2001) |
| Associated acts | The Judds |
| Website | Wynonna.com |
Wynonna Ellen Judd (
/waɪˈnoʊnə/; born Christina Claire Ciminella on May 30, 1964) is an American country music singer. Her solo albums and singles are all credited to the singular name Wynonna. Wynonna first rose to fame in the 1980s alongside her mother, Naomi, in the country music duo The Judds. The duo released seven albums on Curb Records in addition to charting 26 singles, of which 14 were number one hits.
After The Judds disbanded in 1991, Wynonna began a solo career, also on Curb. In her solo career, she has released eight studio albums, a live album, and a compilation album in addition to charting more than 20 singles of her own. Her first three singles—"She Is His Only Need", "I Saw the Light" and "No One Else on Earth"—all reached number one on the U.S. country singles charts, as did 1996's "To Be Loved by You." Three of her albums are certified platinum or higher by the RIAA. Her most recent recording, Sing: Chapter 1, was released on February 3, 2009. Wynonna is most recognized for her musical work, although starting in the 2000s she has also pursued other interests, including acting and philanthropy.
Contents |
Early life[link]
Wynonna was born Christina Claire Ciminella in Ashland, Kentucky, on May 30, 1964.[2] She was given the last name Ciminella after Michael Ciminella, the man her mother quickly married after being abandoned by her boyfriend and Judd's biological father, Charles Jordan. Jordan died in 2000. Her younger half-sister is actress Ashley Judd. Naomi and Ciminella moved with the girls to Los Angeles in 1968 but divorced in 1972.[2] By 1976, Wynonna and Naomi were living in Kentucky, where Wynonna took inspiration from the country music that her mother listened to and learned to play guitar after receiving one for Christmas. The two of them moved to Nashville, Tennessee, in 1979 in pursuit of a musical career.
The Judds[link]
Main article: The Judds
Wynonna and Naomi were signed to RCA Records in 1983 as the duo The Judds. Between 1983 and 1991, The Judds charted 23 hit singles on the Billboard Hot Country Singles (now Hot Country Songs) charts, including 14 number ones. They also recorded eight studio albums and two Greatest Hits compilations. In their six-year career, The Judds sold more than 20 million records worldwide and had won over 60 industry awards, including five Grammy Awards, nine Country Music Association awards (seven of them consecutive), and eight Billboard Music Awards.[3] At the time, they were the biggest-selling duo in country music and remained so until they were eclipsed by Brooks & Dunn in the 1990s.[2] Although Wynonna sang lead vocals on all of the duo's songs, Naomi ran the duo. The mother-daughter relationship has always been tumultuous, with Wynonna always late and forgetful and Naomi being critical of her daughter.
A chronic bout of hepatitis C forced Naomi into retirement following a 1991 farewell tour. After the duo broke up, Wynonna signed to MCA Records in association with Curb Records as a solo artist.
Solo career[link]
1992 – 1998: Breakthrough success[link]
On April 2, 1992, Wynonna performed solo on television for the first time at the American Music Awards. She unveiled "She Is His Only Need," the first single from her self-titled solo debut album. This album, Wynonna, was released in 1992 via MCA/Curb, under the production of Tony Brown.[4] "She Is His Only Need" went to Number One on the Billboard country singles charts that year, as did the album's next two singles, "I Saw the Light" and "No One Else on Earth,"[2] the former of which was also the number one country song of 1992 according to Billboard Year-End. "She Is His Only Need" and "No One Else on Earth" were also minor Adult Contemporary hits, and the latter peaked at No. 83 on the Billboard Hot 100. "My Strongest Weakness," the album's final single, was a No. 4 country hit. The album shipped five million copies in the United States, earning a 5× Multi-Platinum certification from the RIAA.
Her second album, Tell Me Why, was released by MCA/Curb in 1993.[2] Also a platinum-selling album, it accounted for five consecutive Top Ten hits on the country charts: the title track, "Only Love," "Is It Over Yet," "Rock Bottom," and "Girls with Guitars," which was written by Mary Chapin Carpenter. "Tell Me Why" was her third crossover hit, peaking at No. 77 on the pop charts and No. 24 on the Adult Contemporary charts. Between "Tell Me Why" and "Only Love", she sang guest vocals on Clint Black's 1993 single "A Bad Goodbye" (from the album No Time to Kill), which became her biggest pop hit at #43. The success of this song led to a tour called the Black & Wy tour, featuring Black and Wynonna as headliners.[5]
In 1994, she also made an appearance on the Lynyrd Skynyrd tribute album Skynyrd Frynds, on which she covered their song "Free Bird." She also sang duet vocals on pop-Christian singer Michael English's debut single, "Healing," which peaked at No. 120 on the pop charts. After "Girls with Guitars" fell from the charts, Wynonna became the subject of negative publicity, as she had a child out of wedlock.[2] She was absent from the country charts for all of 1995, and in response to feedback from conservative fans she married Arch Kelly, the father of her son, in 1996.[2]
Revelations was the title of her third album, released by MCA/Curb in 1996. Also certified platinum, this album was led off by her fourth and final Number One hit, the Mike Reid/Gary Burr co-write "To Be Loved by You." Despite this song's minor Adult Contemporary success, the album's other three singles did not fare as well:[2] "Heaven Help My Heart" peaked at No. 14, while both "My Angel Is Here" and "Somebody to Love You" missed Top 40 entirely.
Wynonna's fourth and final album for MCA was titled The Other Side. Unlike her previous country pop-oriented albums, this album focused on a more blues and rock sound.[2] It was released in 1997 and produced four singles. The album did not sell as well as her first three, however, only earning a gold certification. Its singles were not as successful on the charts, either: although "When Love Starts Talkin'" and "Come Some Rainy Day" reached No. 13 and No. 14, respectively, "Always Will" fell short of Top 40 and "Love Like That" became the first single of her career not to chart at all. After the release of a greatest hits album called Collection, Wynonna left MCA in favor of Mercury Records.
2000–2004: Success in the new millennium[link]
In 2000, Wynonna decided to reunite with her mother for a tour beginning on New Year's Day. A month later, Wynonna released her fifth solo album, New Day Dawning. This album, the first of her career that Wynonna co-produced, included a four-song bonus disc entitled Big Bang Boogie composed of four new Judds songs.[2] New Day Dawning produced the minor singles "Can't Nobody Love You (Like I Do)" and "Going Nowhere." "Stuck in Love," one of the songs from Big Bang Boogie, also had minor chart success, peaking at #26.
What the World Needs Now Is Love, released in August 2003, was Wynonna's first album for the Asylum-Curb Records label. Lead-off single "What the World Needs" reached the Top 20 on the country charts, followed by the lesser singles "Heaven Help Me" and "Flies on the Butter (You Can't Go Home Again)", at No. 37 and No. 33 respectively. This latter song, originally recorded by Lari White on her album Stepping Stone, featured backing vocals from Naomi, and was credited on the charts as "Wynonna with Naomi Judd" instead of The Judds. Judd had success on the Hot Dance Airplay charts with a cover of Foreigner's "I Want to Know What Love Is". Her rendition peaked at No. 12 on that chart in 2005.[6] Also included on What the World Needs Now Is Love were two songs from soundtracks: a cover of the Elvis Presley hit "Burning Love", which Wynonna recorded for the animated movie Lilo & Stitch, and "You Are", which was included in the movie Someone Like You, a film starring half-sister Ashley Judd.
2005 – present: New career directions[link]
Her second release for Asylum-Curb was a live CD/DVD package called Her Story: Scenes from a Lifetime, released in 2005. The album included one new studio track, "Attitude". Written by Wynonna and John Rich of Big & Rich, this song was issued as a single, peaking at No. 40 on the country charts. One year later, she released her autobiography, Coming Home to Myself, followed by a Christmas album called A Classic Christmas.[2] She also sang an overdubbed duet with Elvis Presley on the late 2008 album Christmas Duets.
Sing: Chapter 1, her first studio album in six years, was released on February 3, 2009. This album is largely composed of cover songs, except for the title track, an original composition by Rodney Crowell. It also reunites her with producers Brent Maher and Don Potter, who produced all of The Judds' 1980s albums. This album's lead-off single is "I Hear You Knocking", a blues standard first recorded by Smiley Lewis. On May 9, 2009 a seven song EP containing dance remixes of the title track was released.
Wynonna and Naomi, also known as the Judds, will reunite in 2010, which will include a new album release and tour. The tour's name is "The Last Encore," which will include 18 shows.
On September 14, 2010, The Judds appeared on The Oprah Winfrey Show where Wynonna discussed "her recent weight loss, her year of living dangerously and what it's like going back on stage as part of the iconic duo, The Judds."[7] The Judds also performed their new single "I Will Stand By You", released Oct 4, 2010.. "I Will Stand By You" was released as the title track to the Judd's 2011 Greatest Hits collection
A new single, "Love it Out Loud" was released in May 2011. On November 27, 2011 Wynonna debuted her new band "Wynonna & The Big Noise" in Nashville, TN at 3rd and Lindsley. Wynonna will begin recording a new album in December for Curb/Asylum.
Television[link]
Judd provided the voice of the rock star Molly Cule in the cartoon The Magic School Bus (Meets Molly Cule). During the fifth season of Touched by an Angel, Judd guest starred as a singer whose son was dying of cystic fibrosis.In the year 2005 Judd was a guest star on the show Hope & Faith in the episode "Wife Swap: Part 1 and Part 2" where she played the mean and rich Cynthia. In 2007, Wynonna starred in a special television event on NBC honoring her 23 year career titled "Wynonna: A Tribute on Ice", which featured skating champions such as Kimmie Meissner and Brian Boitano. Both Wynonna and Naomi performed on this special. Additionally, in 2007, Wynonna hosted the fourth season of USA Network's Nashville Star.[3] She also appeared as herself on the NBC sitcom Kath & Kim. In August 2009, she guest starred as herself on the 10th anniversary of Who Wants to Be a Millionaire with Regis Philbin for Backpack Ministries.[8] In May 2010, she guest starred as herself on Lifetime's Army Wives.
Awards and nominations[link]
Wynonna won the ACM Female Artist of the Year award in 1994. Not being present at the ceremony, her mother Naomi accepted the award on Wynonna's behalf.
In 2007, Wynonna was presented with a star on the Music City Walk of Fame.[9]
In 2005, she received the USO's Merit Award for service to all divisions of the United States Armed Forces[10] and teamed up with Habitat for Humanity to record "Heart of America", with Michael McDonald and Eric Benet which in turn helped raise over $90 million dollars for victims of natural disasters to the Gulf Coast. She continues to bring attention to the global emergency of AIDS in her fourth year as United States Ambassador for YouthAIDS.[11]
Additional Interests[link]
On June 7, 2008, Wynonna sat down for a live Internet chat for her fans in which she was asked questions submitted during the session. Over 6,000 fans signed up in a 5 minute span causing the server to crash. A total of 18,000 fans eventually logged on to watch Wynonna's chat live via Stickam.com.[12] She also lent her voice to an international music documentary on BBC radio about Stevie Wonder.[13] In 2009, she also became the spokeswoman for alli, the only FDA-approved over-the-counter weight loss product, which features the artist in a national marketing campaign.[14]
Personal life[link]
Wynonna met Arch Kelley III in 1993, and their son Elijah Judd was born on December 23, 1994, in Nashville by C-section. She married Kelley on January 21, 1996, when she was four months pregnant with their second child.[2] Their daughter Grace Pauline was born June 21, 1996. Kelley was an observer rather than a participant in his wife's fame and felt out of place in her world.[citation needed] He settled into the role of househusband on her 500-acre (2.0 km2) farm outside of Nashville. They divorced in 1998.
Wynonna's second husband was her former bodyguard, D. R. Roach, whom she married on November 22, 2003, in Tennessee. On March 22, 2007, Roach was arrested for sexual assault of a child under the age of 13; Judd filed for divorce five days later.[15]
In November 2003, just two weeks before her DUI arrest, Wynonna taped an appearance of an episode of The Oprah Winfrey Show discussing what she described as a "severe" dependency on food.[16] The episode aired in February 2004. Judd had been working with the show in an effort to lose a significant amount of weight and get to the root of her dependency. In September 2005, Wynonna made a second appearance on the show, discussing how she had lost some weight, had patched up relationships with her mother and with the man she considered "her dad", Michael Ciminella, from whom she had been estranged for almost a decade.
Wynonna was also a judge for the 6th annual Independent Music Awards to support independent artists' careers.[17]
On July 21, 2010, Judd, along with her daughter and tour manager were involved in a head-on collision in Salt Lake City, Utah, on their way to a sushi restaurant. The three of them were taken to a hospital where their injuries were treated, and all three were released at midnight that evening.[18]
On December 24, 2011 Judd has become engaged to her boyfriend, musician Cactus Moser, best known for his years with Highway 101.[19]
Discography[link]
Main article: Wynonna Judd discography
- Studio albums
- 1992: Wynonna
- 1993: Tell Me Why
- 1996: Revelations
- 1997: The Other Side
- 2000: New Day Dawning
- 2003: What the World Needs Now is Love
- 2009: Sing: Chapter 1
- Compilation albums
- 1997: Collection
- 2005: Her Story: Scenes from a Lifetime
- 2010: Love Heals
- Holiday albums
- 2006: A Classic Christmas
- Soundtracks
- 1996: The Associate
References[link]
- ^ "Fast Facts". Wynonna official website. http://www.wynonna.com/?content=fastfacts. Retrieved April 13, 2008.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m Huey, Steve. "Wynonna Judd biography". Allmusic. http://www.allmusic.com/artist/p91986/biography. Retrieved April 12, 2008.
- ^ a b "Wynonna: Bio". Wynonna official website. http://www.wynonna.com/?content=bio. Retrieved April 6, 2009.
- ^ "Wynonna-Review of Wynonna's first self-titled album". About.com. http://countrymusic.about.com/od/cdreviewsal/fr/Wynonna.htm. Retrieved April 8, 2009.
- ^ Buttars, Lon (September 25, 1993). ""Black & Wy" give 2 great shows in 1". Salt Lake Tribune. http://nl.newsbank.com/nl-search/we/Archives?p_product=SLTB&p_theme=sltb&p_action=search&p_maxdocs=200&p_topdoc=1&p_text_direct-0=1011390E32EF660F&p_field_direct-0=document_id&p_perpage=10&p_sort=YMD_date:D&s_trackval=GooglePM. Retrieved April 24, 2009.
- ^ "Billboard Music Charts". http://www.billboard.com/bbcom/esearch/chart_display.jsp?cfi=348&cfgn=Singles&cfn=Hot+Dance+Airplay&ci=3056802&cdi=8261401&cid=01%2F15%2F2005.
- ^ See Wynonna's Personal Interview & Judds Performance on Oprah TUES 9/14!
- ^ "Wynonna Guest Starring on Kath & Kim". http://www.firstcoastnews.com/life/entertainment/news-article.aspx?storyid=129664&provider=rss.
- ^ "Walk of Fame: Inductees". Music City Walk of Fame. http://www.visitmusiccity.com/walkoffame/inductees.htm. Retrieved April 6, 2009.
- ^ "CNN Transcripts". http://transcripts.cnn.com/TRANSCRIPTS/0701/19/lkl.01.html.
- ^ "Youth Aids Ambassadors". http://projects.psi.org/site/PageServer?pagename=YouthAmbassadors_nr.
- ^ "Wynonna: Stickam blog". Stickam Blog. http://blog.stickam.com/index.php/2009/02/10/wynonna-judd-live-exclusive-fan-chat-on-stickamcom/. Retrieved April 6, 2009.
- ^ "Wynonna: Timeline". Wynonna official website. http://www.wynonna.com/?em877=190444_-1__0_~0_-1_3_2009_0_0&content=timeline. Retrieved April 6, 2009.
- ^ "Wynonna Judd: an alli weight loss success story.". http://www.myalli.com/mystorymyalli/MyMusic.aspx.
- ^ "Wynonna Judd's Husband Arrested In Texas". CBS News. March 27, 2007. http://www.cbsnews.com/stories/2007/03/27/entertainment/main2613335.shtml.
- ^ "Wynonna Judd: Oprah". http://www.oprah.com/slideshow/oprahshow/slideshow1_ss_weight_20040211.
- ^ Independent Music Awards – 6th Annual Judges
- ^ Horner, Marianne (July 23, 2010). "Wynonna surivies head-on collision in Salt Lake City". The Boot. http://www.theboot.com/2010/07/23/wynonna-survives-head-on-collision-salt-lake-city/. Retrieved July 24, 2010.
- ^ "Wyononna Engaged". December 29, 2011. http://www.koinlocal6.com/entertainment/story/Wynonna-Judd-engaged/MMd8A52JcE2qdTf3I5EwDQ.cspx. Retrieved December 29, 2011.
External links[link]
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| Persondata | |
|---|---|
| Name | Judd, Wynonna |
| Alternative names | |
| Short description | American country singer |
| Date of birth | May 30, 1964 |
| Place of birth | Ashland, Kentucky, United States |
| Date of death | |
| Place of death | |
http://wn.com/Wynonna_Judd
This page contains text from Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wynonna_Judd
This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, which means that you can copy and modify it as long as the entire work (including additions) remains under this license.
This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, which means that you can copy and modify it as long as the entire work (including additions) remains under this license.
For other uses, see Elvis Presley (disambiguation).
"Elvis" redirects here. For other people with this name, see Elvis (given name).
| Elvis Presley | |
|---|---|
 Publicity photo for Jailhouse Rock (1957) |
|
| Background information | |
| Birth name | Elvis Aaron Presley |
| Born | (1935-01-08)January 8, 1935 Tupelo, Mississippi, U.S. |
| Died | August 16, 1977(1977-08-16) (aged 42) Memphis, Tennessee, U.S. |
| Genres | Rock and roll, pop, rockabilly, country, blues, gospel, R&B |
| Occupations | Musician, actor |
| Instruments | Vocals, guitar, piano |
| Years active | 1953–77 |
| Labels | Sun, RCA Victor |
| Associated acts | The Blue Moon Boys, The Jordanaires, The Imperials |
| Website | elvis.com |
Elvis Aaron Presleya (January 8, 1935 – August 16, 1977) was one of the most popular American singers of the 20th century. A cultural icon, he is widely known by the single name Elvis. He is often referred to as the "King of Rock and Roll" or simply "the King".
Born in Tupelo, Mississippi, Presley moved to Memphis, Tennessee, with his family at the age of 13. He began his career there in 1954, working with Sun Records owner Sam Phillips, who wanted to bring the sound of African American music to a wider audience. Accompanied by guitarist Scotty Moore and bassist Bill Black, Presley was the most important popularizer of rockabilly, an uptempo, backbeat-driven fusion of country and rhythm and blues. RCA Victor acquired his contract in a deal arranged by Colonel Tom Parker, who would manage the singer for over two decades. Presley's first RCA single, "Heartbreak Hotel", released in January 1956, was a number one hit. He became the leading figure of the newly popular sound of rock and roll with a series of network television appearances and chart-topping records. His energized interpretations of songs, many from African American sources, and his uninhibited performance style made him enormously popular—and controversial. In November 1956, he made his film debut in Love Me Tender.
Conscripted into military service in 1958, Presley relaunched his recording career two years later with some of his most commercially successful work. He staged few concerts however, and guided by Parker, proceeded to devote much of the 1960s to making Hollywood movies and soundtrack albums, most of them critically derided. In 1968, after seven years away from the stage, he returned to live performance in a celebrated comeback television special that led to an extended Las Vegas concert residency and a string of profitable tours. In 1973 Presley staged the first concert broadcast globally via satellite, Aloha from Hawaii, seen by approximately 1.5 billion viewers. Prescription drug abuse severely compromised his health, and he died suddenly in 1977 at the age of 42.
Presley is regarded as one of the most important figures of 20th-century popular culture. He had a versatile voice and unusually wide success encompassing many genres, including country, pop ballads, gospel, and blues. He is the best-selling solo artist in the history of popular music.[1][2][3][4] Nominated for 14 competitive Grammys, he won three, and received the Grammy Lifetime Achievement Award at age 36. He has been inducted into multiple music halls of fame.
Contents
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Life and career[link]
Early years (1935–53)[link]
Childhood in Tupelo[link]
Elvis Presley was born on January 8, 1935, in Tupelo, Mississippi, to 18-year-old Vernon Elvis and 22-year-old Gladys Love Presley.[5] In the two-room shotgun house built by his father in readiness for the birth, Jesse Garon Presley, his identical twin brother, was delivered 35 minutes before him, stillborn. As an only child, Presley became close to both parents and formed an unusually tight bond with his mother. The family attended an Assembly of God church where he found his initial musical inspiration.[6]
Presley's ancestry was primarily a Western European mix: On his mother's side, he was Scots-Irish, with some French Norman; one of Gladys's great-great-grandmothers was Cherokee.[7]b His father's forebears were of Scottish[8] or German[9] origin. Gladys was regarded by relatives and friends as the dominant member of the small family. Vernon moved from one odd job to the next, evidencing little ambition.[10][11] The family often relied on help from neighbors and government food assistance. In 1938, they lost their home after Vernon was found guilty of altering a check written by the landowner. He was jailed for eight months, and Gladys and Elvis moved in with relatives.[12]
In September 1941, Presley entered first grade at East Tupelo Consolidated, where his instructors regarded him as "average".[13] He was encouraged to enter a singing contest after impressing his schoolteacher with a rendition of Red Foley's country song "Old Shep" during morning prayers. The contest, held at the Mississippi-Alabama Fair and Dairy Show on October 3, 1945, saw his first public performance: dressed as a cowboy, the ten-year-old Presley stood on a chair to reach the microphone and sang "Old Shep". He recalled placing fifth.[14] A few months later, Presley received his first guitar for his birthday; he had hoped for something else—by different accounts, either a bicycle or a rifle.[15][16] Over the following year, he received basic guitar lessons from two of his uncles and the new pastor at the family's church. Presley recalled, "I took the guitar, and I watched people, and I learned to play a little bit. But I would never sing in public. I was very shy about it."[17]
Entering a new school, Milam, for sixth grade in September 1946, Presley was regarded as a loner. The following year, he began bringing his guitar in on a daily basis. He played and sang during lunchtime, and was often teased as a "trashy" kid who played hillbilly music. The family was by then living in a largely African American neighborhood.[18] A devotee of Mississippi Slim's show on the Tupelo radio station WELO, Presley was described as "crazy about music" by Slim's younger brother, a classmate of Presley's, who often took him in to the station. Slim supplemented Presley's guitar tuition by demonstrating chord techniques.[19] When his protégé was 12 years old, Slim scheduled him for two on-air performances. Presley was overcome by stage fright the first time, but succeeded in performing the following week.[20]
Teenage life in Memphis[link]
In November 1948, the family moved to Memphis, Tennessee. After residing for nearly a year in rooming houses, they were granted a two-bedroom apartment in the public housing complex known as the Courts.[21] Enrolled at Humes High School, Presley received only a C in music in eighth grade. When his music teacher told him he had no aptitude for singing, he brought in his guitar the next day and sang a recent hit, "Keep Them Cold Icy Fingers Off Me", in an effort to prove otherwise. A classmate later recalled that the teacher "agreed that Elvis was right when he said that she didn't appreciate his kind of singing."[22] He was generally too shy to perform openly, and was occasionally bullied by classmates who viewed him as a "mama's boy".[23] In 1950, he began practicing guitar regularly under the tutelage of Jesse Lee Denson, a neighbor two-and-a-half years his senior. They and three other boys—including two future rockabilly pioneers, brothers Dorsey and Johnny Burnette—formed a loose musical collective that played frequently around the Courts.[24] That September, he began ushering at Loew's State Theater.[25] Other jobs followed during his school years: Precision Tool, Loew's again, and MARL Metal Products.[26]
During his junior year, Presley began to stand out more among his classmates, largely because of his appearance: he grew out his sideburns and styled his hair with rose oil and Vaseline. On his own time, he would head down to Beale Street, the heart of Memphis's thriving blues scene, and gaze longingly at the wild, flashy clothes in the windows of Lansky Brothers. By his senior year, he was wearing them.[27] Overcoming his reticence about performing outside the Courts, he competed in Humes's Annual "Minstrel" show in April 1953. Singing and playing guitar, he opened with "Till I Waltz Again with You", a recent hit for Teresa Brewer. Presley recalled that the performance did much for his reputation: "I wasn't popular in school ... I failed music—only thing I ever failed. And then they entered me in this talent show ... when I came onstage I heard people kind of rumbling and whispering and so forth, 'cause nobody knew I even sang. It was amazing how popular I became after that."[28]
Presley, who never received formal music training or learned to read music, studied and played by ear. He frequented record stores with jukeboxes and listening booths. He knew all of Hank Snow's songs[29] and he loved records by other country singers such as Roy Acuff, Ernest Tubb, Ted Daffan, Jimmie Rodgers, Jimmie Davis, and Bob Wills.[30] The Southern Gospel singer Jake Hess, one of his favorite performers, was a significant influence on his ballad-singing style.[31][32] He was a regular audience member at the monthly All-Night Singings downtown, where many of the white gospel groups that performed reflected the influence of African American spiritual music.[33] He adored the music of black gospel singer Sister Rosetta Tharpe.[30] Like some of his peers, he may have attended blues venues—of necessity, in the segregated South, only on nights designated for exclusively white audiences.[34] He certainly listened to the regional radio stations that played "race records": spirituals, blues, and the modern, backbeat-heavy sound of rhythm and blues.[35] Many of his future recordings were inspired by local African American musicians such as Arthur Crudup and Rufus Thomas.[36][37] B.B. King recalled that he knew Presley before he was popular when they both used to frequent Beale Street.[38] By the time he graduated high school in June 1953, Presley had already singled out music as his future.[39][40]
First recordings (1953–55)[link]
Sam Phillips and Sun Records[link]
See also: Elvis Presley's Sun recordings
In August 1953, Presley walked into the offices of Sun Records. He aimed to pay for a few minutes of studio time to record a two-sided acetate disc: "My Happiness" and "That's When Your Heartaches Begin". He would later claim he intended the record as a gift for his mother, or was merely interested in what he "sounded like", though there was a much cheaper, amateur record-making service at a nearby general store. Biographer Peter Guralnick argues that he chose Sun in the hope of being discovered. Asked by receptionist Marion Keisker what kind of singer he was, Presley responded, "I sing all kinds." When she pressed him on whom he sounded like, he repeatedly answered, "I don't sound like nobody." After he recorded, Sun boss Sam Phillips asked Keisker to note down the young man's name, which she did along with her own commentary: "Good ballad singer. Hold."[41] Presley cut a second acetate in January 1954—"I'll Never Stand In Your Way" and "It Wouldn't Be the Same Without You"—but again nothing came of it.[42]
Not long after, he failed an audition for a local vocal quartet, the Songfellows. He explained to his father, "They told me I couldn't sing."[43] Songfellow Jim Hamill later claimed that he was turned down because he did not demonstrate an ear for harmony at the time.[44] In April, Presley began working for the Crown Electric company as a truck driver.[45] His friend Ronnie Smith, after playing a few local gigs with him, suggested he contact Eddie Bond, leader of Smith's professional band, which had an opening for a vocalist. Bond rejected him after a tryout, advising Presley to stick to truck driving "because you're never going to make it as a singer."[46]
Phillips, meanwhile, was always on the lookout for someone who could bring the sound of the black musicians on whom Sun focused to a broader audience. As Keisker reported, "Over and over I remember Sam saying, 'If I could find a white man who had the Negro sound and the Negro feel, I could make a billion dollars.'"[47] In June, he acquired a demo recording of a ballad, "Without You", that he thought might suit the teenaged singer. Presley came by the studio, but was unable to do it justice. Despite this, Phillips asked Presley to sing as many numbers as he knew. He was sufficiently affected by what he heard to invite two local musicians, guitarist Winfield "Scotty" Moore and upright bass player Bill Black, to work something up with Presley for a recording session.[48]
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Presley transformed not only the sound but the emotion of the song, turning what had been written as a "lament for a lost love into a satisfied declaration of independence."[49]
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The session, held the evening of July 5, proved entirely unfruitful until late in the night. As they were about to give up and go home, Presley took his guitar and launched into a 1946 blues number, Arthur Crudup's "That's All Right". Moore recalled, "All of a sudden, Elvis just started singing this song, jumping around and acting the fool, and then Bill picked up his bass, and he started acting the fool, too, and I started playing with them. Sam, I think, had the door to the control booth open ... he stuck his head out and said, 'What are you doing?' And we said, 'We don't know.' 'Well, back up,' he said, 'try to find a place to start, and do it again.'" Phillips quickly began taping; this was the sound he had been looking for.[50] Three days later, popular Memphis DJ Dewey Phillips played "That's All Right" on his Red, Hot, and Blue show.[51] Listeners began phoning in, eager to find out who the singer was. The interest was such that Phillips played the record repeatedly during the last two hours of his show. Interviewing Presley on-air, Phillips asked him what high school he attended in order to clarify his color for the many callers who had assumed he was black.[52] During the next few days the trio recorded a bluegrass number, Bill Monroe's "Blue Moon of Kentucky", again in a distinctive style and employing a jury-rigged echo effect that Sam Phillips dubbed "slapback". A single was pressed with "That's All Right" on the A side and "Blue Moon of Kentucky" on the reverse.[53]
Early live performances and signing to RCA[link]
The trio played publicly for the first time on July 17 at the Bon Air club—Presley still sporting his child-size guitar.[54] At the end of the month, they appeared at the Overton Park Shell, with Slim Whitman headlining. A combination of his strong response to rhythm and nervousness at playing before a large crowd led Presley to shake his legs as he performed: his wide-cut pants emphasized his movements, causing young women in the audience to start screaming.[55] Moore recalled, "During the instrumental parts he would back off from the mike and be playing and shaking, and the crowd would just go wild".[56] Black, a natural showman, whooped and rode his bass, hitting double licks that Presley would later remember as "really a wild sound, like a jungle drum or something".[56] Soon after, Moore and Black quit their old band to play with Presley regularly, and DJ and promoter Bob Neal became the trio's manager. From August through October, they played frequently at the Eagle's Nest club and returned to Sun Studio for more recording sessions,[57] and Presley quickly grew more confident on stage. According to Moore, "His movement was a natural thing, but he was also very conscious of what got a reaction. He'd do something one time and then he would expand on it real quick."[58] Presley made what would be his only appearance on Nashville's Grand Ole Opry on October 2; after a polite audience response, Opry manager Jim Denny told Phillips that his singer was "not bad" but did not suit the program.[59] Two weeks later, Presley was booked on Louisiana Hayride, the Opry's chief, and more adventurous, rival. The Shreveport-based show was broadcast to 198 radio stations in 28 states. Presley had another attack of nerves during the first set, which drew a muted reaction. A more composed and energetic second set inspired an enthusiastic response.[60] House drummer D.J. Fontana brought a new element, complementing Presley's movements with accented beats that he had mastered playing in strip clubs.[61] Soon after the show, the Hayride engaged Presley for a year's worth of Saturday-night appearances. Trading in his old guitar for $8 (and seeing it promptly dispatched to the garbage), he purchased a Martin instrument for $175, and his trio began playing in new locales including Houston, Texas, and Texarkana, Arkansas.[62]
By early 1955, Presley's regular Hayride appearances, constant touring, and well-received record releases had made him a substantial regional star, from Tennessee to West Texas. In January, Neal signed a formal management contract with Presley and brought the singer to the attention of Colonel Tom Parker, whom he considered the best promoter in the music business. Parker—Dutch-born, though he claimed to be from West Virginia—had acquired an honorary colonel's commission from country singer turned Louisiana governor Jimmie Davis. Having successfully managed top country star Eddy Arnold, he was now working with the new number one country singer, Hank Snow. Parker booked Presley on Snow's February tour.[63][64] When the tour reached Odessa, Texas, a 19-year-old Roy Orbison saw Presley for the first time: "His energy was incredible, his instinct was just amazing. ... I just didn't know what to make of it. There was just no reference point in the culture to compare it."[29] Presley made his television debut on March 3 on the KSLA-TV broadcast of Louisiana Hayride. Soon after, he failed an audition for Arthur Godfrey's Talent Scouts on the CBS television network. By August, Sun had released ten sides credited to "Elvis Presley, Scotty and Bill"; on the latest recordings, the trio were joined by a drummer. Some of the songs, like "That's All Right", were in what one Memphis journalist described as the "R&B idiom of negro field jazz"; others, like "Blue Moon of Kentucky", were "more in the country field", "but there was a curious blending of the two different musics in both".[65] This blend of styles made it difficult for Presley's music to find radio airplay. According to Neal, many country music disc jockeys would not play it because he sounded too much like a black artist and none of the rhythm and blues stations would touch him because "he sounded too much like a hillbilly."[66] The blend came to be known as rockabilly. At the time, Presley was variously billed as "The King of Western Bop", "The Hillbilly Cat", and "The Memphis Flash".[67]
Presley renewed Neal's management contract in August 1955, simultaneously appointing Parker as his special adviser.[68] The group maintained an extensive touring schedule throughout the second half of the year.[69] Neal recalled, "It was almost frightening, the reaction that came to Elvis from the teenaged boys. So many of them, through some sort of jealousy, would practically hate him. There were occasions in some towns in Texas when we'd have to be sure to have a police guard because somebody'd always try to take a crack at him. They'd get a gang and try to waylay him or something."[70] The trio became a quartet when Hayride drummer Fontana joined as a full member. In mid-October, they played a few shows in support of Bill Haley, whose "Rock Around the Clock" had been a number one hit the previous year. Haley observed that Presley had a natural feel for rhythm, and advised him to sing fewer ballads.[71]
At the Country Disc Jockey Convention in early November, Presley was voted the year's most promising male artist.[72] Several record companies had by now shown interest in signing him. After three major labels made offers of up to $25,000, Parker and Phillips struck a deal with RCA Victor on November 21 to acquire Presley's Sun contract for an unprecedented $40,000.[73]c Presley, at 20, was still a minor, so his father signed the contract.[74] Parker arranged with the owners of Hill and Range Publishing, Jean and Julian Aberbach, to create two entities, Elvis Presley Music and Gladys Music, to handle all of the new material recorded by Presley. Songwriters were obliged to forego one third of their customary royalties in exchange for having him perform their compositions.[75]d By December, RCA had begun to heavily promote its new singer, and before month's end had reissued many of his Sun recordings.[76]
Commercial breakout and controversy (1956–58)[link]
First national TV appearances and debut album[link]
File:Elvispresleydebutalbum.jpeg
The "iconic cover" of Presley's 1956 debut album[77] featuring a photo taken July 31, 1955, in Tampa, Florida[78]
On January 10, 1956, Presley made his first recordings for RCA in Nashville.[79] Extending the singer's by now customary backup of Moore, Black, and Fontana, RCA enlisted pianist Floyd Cramer, guitarist Chet Atkins, and three background singers, including Gordon Stoker of the popular Jordanaires quartet, to fill out the sound.[80] The session produced the moody, unusual "Heartbreak Hotel", released as a single on January 27.[79] Parker finally brought Presley to national television, booking him on CBS's Stage Show for six appearances over two months. The program, produced in New York, was hosted on alternate weeks by big band leaders and brothers Tommy and Jimmy Dorsey. After his first appearance, on January 28, Presley stayed in town to record at RCA's New York studio. The sessions yielded eight songs, including a cover of Carl Perkins' rockabilly anthem "Blue Suede Shoes". In February, Presley's "I Forgot to Remember to Forget", a Sun recording initially released the previous August, reached the top of the Billboard country chart.[81] Neal's contract was terminated and, on March 2, Parker became Presley's manager.[82]
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Presley exhorts guitarist Scotty Moore during his break. "Let's go, cat!" was in the Perkins original. "Aw, walk the dog!" is all Elvis.
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RCA Victor released Presley's self-titled debut album on March 23. Joined by five previously unreleased Sun recordings, its seven recently recorded tracks were of a broad variety. There were two country songs and a bouncy pop tune. The others would centrally define the evolving sound of rock and roll: "Blue Suede Shoes"—"an improvement over Perkins' in almost every way", according to critic Robert Hilburn—and three R&B numbers that had been part of Presley's stage repertoire for some time, covers of Little Richard, Ray Charles, and The Drifters. As described by Hilburn, these "were the most revealing of all. Unlike many white artists ... who watered down the gritty edges of the original R&B versions of songs in the '50s, Presley reshaped them. He not only injected the tunes with his own vocal character but also made guitar, not piano, the lead instrument in all three cases."[83] It became the first rock and roll album to top the Billboard chart, a position it held for 10 weeks.[79] While Presley was not an innovative instrumentalist like Moore or contemporary African American rockers Bo Diddley and Chuck Berry, cultural historian Gilbert B. Rodman argues that the album's cover image, "of Elvis having the time of his life on stage with a guitar in his hands played a crucial role in positioning the guitar...as the instrument that best captured the style and spirit of this new music."[84]
[edit] Milton Berle Show and "Hound Dog"
Presley made the first of two appearances on NBC's Milton Berle Show on April 3. His performance, on the deck of the USS Hancock in San Diego, prompted cheers and screams from an audience of sailors and their dates.[85] A few days later, a flight taking Presley and his band to Nashville for a recording session left all three badly shaken when an engine died and the plane almost went down over Arkansas.[86] Twelve weeks after its original release, "Heartbreak Hotel" became Presley's first number one pop hit. In late April, Presley began a two-week residency at the New Frontier Hotel and Casino on the Las Vegas Strip. The shows were poorly received by the conservative, middle-aged hotel guests—"like a jug of corn liquor at a champagne party", wrote a critic for Newsweek.[87] Amid his Vegas tenure, Presley, who had serious acting ambitions, signed a seven-year contract with Paramount Pictures.[88] He began a tour of the Midwest in mid-May, taking in 15 cities in as many days.[89] He had attended several shows by Freddie Bell and the Bellboys in Vegas, and was struck by their cover of "Hound Dog", a hit in 1953 for blues singer Big Mama Thornton by songwriters Jerry Leiber and Mike Stoller. It became the new closing number of his act.[90] After a show in La Crosse, Wisconsin, an urgent message on the letterhead of the local Catholic diocese's newspaper was sent to FBI director J. Edgar Hoover. It warned that "Presley is a definite danger to the security of the United States. ... [His] actions and motions were such as to rouse the sexual passions of teenaged youth. ... After the show, more than 1,000 teenagers tried to gang into Presley's room at the auditorium. ... Indications of the harm Presley did just in La Crosse were the two high school girls ... whose abdomen and thigh had Presley's autograph."[91]
The second Milton Berle Show appearance came on June 5 at NBC's Hollywood studio, amid another hectic tour. Berle persuaded the singer to leave his guitar backstage, advising, "Let 'em see you, son."[92] During the performance, Presley abruptly halted an uptempo rendition of "Hound Dog" with a wave of his arm and launched into a slow, grinding version accentuated with energetic, exaggerated body movements.[92] Presley's gyrations created a storm of controversy.[93] Television critics were outraged: Jack Gould of The New York Times wrote, "Mr. Presley has no discernible singing ability. ... His phrasing, if it can be called that, consists of the stereotyped variations that go with a beginner's aria in a bathtub. ... His one specialty is an accented movement of the body ... primarily identified with the repertoire of the blond bombshells of the burlesque runway."[94] Ben Gross of the New York Daily News opined that popular music "has reached its lowest depths in the 'grunt and groin' antics of one Elvis Presley. ... Elvis, who rotates his pelvis ... gave an exhibition that was suggestive and vulgar, tinged with the kind of animalism that should be confined to dives and bordellos".[95] Ed Sullivan, whose own variety show was the nation's most popular, declared him "unfit for family viewing".[96] To Presley's displeasure, he soon found himself being referred to as "Elvis the Pelvis", which he called "one of the most childish expressions I ever heard, comin' from an adult."[97]
[edit] Steve Allen Show and first Sullivan appearance
The Berle shows drew such high ratings that Presley was booked for a July 1 appearance on NBC's Steve Allen Show in New York. Allen, no fan of rock and roll, introduced a "new Elvis" in a white bow tie and black tails. Presley sang "Hound Dog" for less than a minute to a basset hound wearing a top hat and bow tie. As described by television historian Jake Austen, "Allen thought Presley was talentless and absurd... [he] set things up so that Presley would show his contrition".[98] Allen, for his part, later wrote that he found Presley's "strange, gangly, country-boy charisma, his hard-to-define cuteness, and his charming eccentricity intriguing" and simply worked the singer into the customary "comedy fabric" of his program.[99] Presley would refer back to the Allen show as the most ridiculous performance of his career.[100] Later that night, he appeared on Hy Gardner Calling, a popular local TV show. Pressed on whether he had learned anything from the criticism to which he was being subjected, Presley responded, "No, I haven't, I don't feel like I'm doing anything wrong. ... I don't see how any type of music would have any bad influence on people when it's only music. ... I mean, how would rock 'n' roll music make anyone rebel against their parents?"[95]
The next day, Presley recorded "Hound Dog", along with "Any Way You Want Me" and "Don't Be Cruel". The Jordanaires sang harmony, as they had on The Steve Allen Show; they would work with Presley through the 1960s. A few days later, the singer made an outdoor concert appearance in Memphis at which he announced, "You know, those people in New York are not gonna change me none. I'm gonna show you what the real Elvis is like tonight."[101] In August, a judge in Jacksonville, Florida, ordered Presley to tame his act. Throughout the following performance, he largely kept still, except for wiggling his little finger suggestively in mockery of the order.[102] The single pairing "Don't Be Cruel" with "Hound Dog" ruled the top of the charts for 11 weeks—a mark that would not be surpassed for 36 years.[103] Recording sessions for Presley's second album took place in Hollywood during the first week of September. Leiber and Stoller, the writers of "Hound Dog", contributed "Love Me".[104]
Allen's show with Presley had, for the first time, beaten CBS's Ed Sullivan Show in the ratings. Sullivan, despite his June pronouncement, booked the singer for three appearances for an unprecedented $50,000.[105] The first, on September 9, 1956, was seen by approximately 60 million viewers—a record 82.6 percent of the television audience.[106] Actor Charles Laughton hosted the show, filling in while Sullivan recuperated from a car accident.[96] Presley appeared in two segments that night from CBS Television City in Los Angeles. According to Elvis legend, Presley was shot only from the waist up. Watching clips of the Allen and Berle shows with his producer, Sullivan had opined that Presley "got some kind of device hanging down below the crotch of his pants–so when he moves his legs back and forth you can see the outline of his cock. ... I think it's a Coke bottle. ... We just can't have this on a Sunday night. This is a family show!"[107] Sullivan publicly told TV Guide, "As for his gyrations, the whole thing can be controlled with camera shots."[105] In fact, Presley was shown head-to-toe in the first and second shows. Though the camerawork was relatively discreet during his debut, with leg-concealing closeups when he danced, the studio audience reacted in customary style: screaming.[108][109] Presley's performance of his forthcoming single, the ballad "Love Me Tender", prompted a record-shattering million advance orders.[110] More than any other single event, it was this first appearance on The Ed Sullivan Show that made Presley a national celebrity of barely precedented proportions.[96]
Accompanying Presley's rise to fame, a cultural shift was taking place that he both helped inspire and came to symbolize. Igniting the "biggest pop craze since Glenn Miller and Frank Sinatra ... Presley brought rock'n'roll into the mainstream of popular culture", writes historian Marty Jezer. "As Presley set the artistic pace, other artists followed. ... Presley, more than anyone else, gave the young a belief in themselves as a distinct and somehow unified generation—the first in America ever to feel the power of an integrated youth culture."[111]
Crazed crowds and movie debut[link]
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Presley's definition of rock and roll included a sense of humor—here, during his second Sullivan appearance, he introduces one of his signature numbers.
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The audience response at Presley's live shows became increasingly fevered. Moore recalled, "He'd start out, 'You ain't nothin' but a Hound Dog,' and they'd just go to pieces. They'd always react the same way. There'd be a riot every time."[112] At the two concerts he performed in September at the Mississippi-Alabama Fair and Dairy Show, 50 National Guardsmen were added to the police security to prevent crowd trouble.[113] Elvis, Presley's second album, was released in October and quickly rose to number one. Assessing the musical and cultural impact of Presley's recordings from "That's All Right" through Elvis, rock critic Dave Marsh wrote that "these records, more than any others, contain the seeds of what rock & roll was, has been and most likely what it may foreseeably become."[114]
Presley returned to the Sullivan show at its main studio in New York, hosted this time by its namesake, on October 28. After the performance, crowds in Nashville and St. Louis burned him in effigy.[96] His first motion picture, Love Me Tender, was released on November 21. Though he was not top billed, the film's original title—The Reno Brothers—was changed to capitalize on his latest number one record: "Love Me Tender" had hit the top of the charts earlier that month. To further take advantage of Presley's popularity, four musical numbers were added to what was originally a straight acting role. The movie was panned by the critics but did very well at the box office.[88] Presley would receive top billing on every subsequent film he made.
On December 4, Presley dropped into Sun Records where Carl Perkins and Jerry Lee Lewis were recording and jammed with them. Though Phillips no longer had the right to release any Presley material, he made sure the session was captured on tape. The results became legendary as the "Million Dollar Quartet" recordings—Johnny Cash was long thought to have played as well, but he was present only briefly at Phillips' instigation for a photo opportunity.[115] The year ended with a front-page story in The Wall Street Journal reporting that Presley merchandise had brought in $22 million on top of his record sales,[116] and Billboard's declaration that he had placed more songs in the top 100 than any other artist since records were first charted.[117] In his first full year on RCA, one of the music industry's largest companies, Presley had accounted for over 50 percent of the label's singles sales.[110]
Leiber and Stoller collaboration and draft notice[link]
Presley made his third and final Ed Sullivan Show appearance on January 6, 1957—on this occasion indeed shot only down to the waist. Some commentators have claimed that Parker orchestrated an appearance of censorship to generate publicity.[109][118] In any event, as critic Greil Marcus describes, Presley "did not tie himself down. Leaving behind the bland clothes he had worn on the first two shows, he stepped out in the outlandish costume of a pasha, if not a harem girl. From the make-up over his eyes, the hair falling in his face, the overwhelmingly sexual cast of his mouth, he was playing Rudolph Valentino in The Sheik, with all stops out."[96] To close, displaying his range and defying Sullivan's wishes, Presley sang a gentle black spiritual, "Peace in the Valley". At the end of the show, Sullivan declared Presley "a real decent, fine boy".[119] Two days later, the Memphis draft board announced that Presley would be classified 1A and would probably be drafted sometime that year.[120]
Each of the three Presley singles released in the first half of 1957 went to number one: "Too Much", "All Shook Up", and "(Let Me Be Your) Teddy Bear". Already an international star, he was attracting fans even where his music was not officially released. Under the headline "Presley Records a Craze in Soviet", The New York Times reported that pressings of his music on discarded X-ray plates were commanding high prices in Leningrad.[121] Between film shoots and recording sessions, the singer also found time to purchase an 18-room mansion eight miles (13 km) south of downtown Memphis for himself and his parents: Graceland.[122] Loving You—the soundtrack to his second film, released in July—was Presley's third straight number one album. The title track was written by Leiber and Stoller, who were then retained to write four of the six songs recorded at the sessions for Jailhouse Rock, Presley's next movie. The songwriting team effectively produced the Jailhouse sessions and developed a close working relationship with Presley, who came to regard them as his "good-luck charm".[123] The title track was yet another number one hit, as was the Jailhouse Rock EP.
Presley undertook three brief tours during the year, continuing to generate a crazed audience response.[124] A Detroit newspaper suggested that "the trouble with going to see Elvis Presley is that you're liable to get killed."[125] Villanova students pelted him with eggs in Philadelphia,[125] and in Vancouver, the crowd rioted after the end of the show, destroying the stage.[126] Frank Sinatra, who had famously inspired the swooning of teenaged girls in the 1940s, condemned the new musical phenomenon. In a magazine article, he decried rock and roll as "brutal, ugly, degenerate, vicious. ... It fosters almost totally negative and destructive reactions in young people. It smells phoney and false. It is sung, played and written, for the most part, by cretinous goons. ... This rancid-smelling aphrodisiac I deplore."[127] Asked for a response, Presley said, "I admire the man. He has a right to say what he wants to say. He is a great success and a fine actor, but I think he shouldn't have said it. ... This is a trend, just the same as he faced when he started years ago."[128]
Leiber and Stoller were again in the studio for the recording of Elvis' Christmas Album. Toward the end of the session, they wrote a song on the spot at Presley's request: "Santa Claus Is Back In Town", an innuendo-laden blues.[129] The holiday release stretched Presley's string of number one albums to four and would eventually become the best selling Christmas album of all time.[130][131] After the session, Moore and Black—drawing only modest weekly salaries, sharing in none of Presley's massive financial success—resigned. Though they were brought back on a per diem basis a few weeks later, it was clear that they had not been part of Presley's inner circle for some time.[132] On December 20, Presley received his draft notice. He was granted a deferment to finish the forthcoming King Creole, in which $350,000 had already been invested by Paramount and producer Hal Wallis. A couple of weeks into the new year, "Don't", another Leiber and Stoller tune, became Presley's tenth number one seller. It had been only 21 months since "Heartbreak Hotel" had brought him to the top for the first time. Recording sessions for the King Creole soundtrack were held in Hollywood mid-January. Leiber and Stoller provided three songs and were again on hand, but it would be the last time they worked closely with Presley.[133] A studio session on February 1 marked another ending: it was the final occasion on which Black was to perform with Presley. He died in 1965.
Military service and mother's death (1958–60)[link]
On March 24, Presley was inducted into the U.S. Army as a private at Fort Chaffee, near Fort Smith, Arkansas. His arrival was a major media event. Hundreds of people descended on Presley as he stepped from the bus; photographers then accompanied him into the base.[134] Presley announced that he was looking forward to his military stint, saying he did not want to be treated any differently from anyone else: "The Army can do anything it wants with me."[135]
Soon after Presley commenced basic training at Fort Hood, Texas, he received a visit from Eddie Fadal, a businessman he had met on tour. According to Fadal, Presley had become convinced his career was finished—"He firmly believed that."[136] During a two-week leave in early June, Presley cut five sides in Nashville. In early August, his mother was diagnosed with hepatitis and her condition swiftly worsened. Presley, granted emergency leave to visit her, arrived in Memphis on August 12. Two days later, she died of heart failure, aged 46. Presley was devastated;[137] their relationship had remained extremely close—even into his adulthood, they would use baby talk with each other and Presley would address her with pet names.[138]
After training, Presley joined the 3rd Armored Division in Friedberg, Germany, on October 1.[139] Introduced to amphetamines by a sergeant while on maneuvers, he became "practically evangelical about their benefits"—not only for energy, but for "strength" and weight loss, as well—and many of his friends in the outfit joined him in indulging.[140] The Army also introduced Presley to karate, which he studied seriously, later including it in his live performances.[141] Fellow soldiers have attested to Presley's wish to be seen as an able, ordinary soldier, despite his fame, and to his generosity. He donated his Army pay to charity, purchased TV sets for the base, and bought an extra set of fatigues for everyone in his outfit.[142]
While in Friedberg, Presley met 14-year-old Priscilla Beaulieu. They would eventually marry after a seven-and-a-half-year courtship.[143] In her autobiography, Priscilla says that despite his worries that it would ruin his career, Parker convinced Presley that to gain popular respect, he should serve his country as a regular soldier rather than in Special Services, where he would have been able to give some musical performances and remain in touch with the public.[144] Media reports echoed Presley's concerns about his career, but RCA producer Steve Sholes and Freddy Bienstock of Hill and Range had carefully prepared for his two-year hiatus. Armed with a substantial amount of unreleased material, they kept up a regular stream of successful releases.[145] Between his induction and discharge, Presley had ten top 40 hits, including "Wear My Ring Around Your Neck", the best-selling "Hard Headed Woman", and "One Night" in 1958, and "(Now and Then There's) A Fool Such as I" and the number one "A Big Hunk o' Love" in 1959.[146] RCA also generated four albums compiling old material during this period, most successfully Elvis' Golden Records (1958), which hit number three on the LP chart.[147]
Focus on movies (1960–67)[link]
[edit] Elvis Is Back
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Presley broke new stylistic ground and displayed his vocal range with this number one hit. The quasi-operatic ballad ends with Presley "soaring up to an incredible top G sharp."[148]
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Presley returned to the United States on March 2, 1960, and was honorably discharged with the rank of sergeant on March 5.[149] The train that carried him from New Jersey to Tennessee was mobbed all the way, and Presley was called upon to appear at scheduled stops to please his fans.[150] On the night of March 20, he entered RCA's Nashville studio to cut tracks for a new album along with a single—"Stuck on You" was rushed into release and swiftly became a number one hit.[151] Another Nashville session two weeks later yielded a pair of his best-selling singles, the ballads "It's Now or Never" and "Are You Lonesome Tonight?", along with the rest of Elvis Is Back! The album features several songs described by Greil Marcus as full of Chicago blues "menace, driven by Presley's own super-miked acoustic guitar, brilliant playing by Scotty Moore, and demonic sax work from Boots Randolph. Elvis's singing wasn't sexy, it was pornographic."[152] As a whole, the record "conjured up the vision of a performer who could be all things", in the words of music historian John Robertson: "a flirtatious teenage idol with a heart of gold; a tempestuous, dangerous lover; a gutbucket blues singer; a sophisticated nightclub entertainer; [a] raucous rocker".[153] Released only days after recording was complete, it reached number two on the album chart.
Presley returned to television on May 12 as a guest on The Frank Sinatra Timex Special—ironic for both stars, given Sinatra's not-so-distant excoriation of rock and roll. Also known as Welcome Home Elvis, the show had been taped in late March, the only time all year Presley performed in front of an audience. Parker secured an unheard-of $125,000 fee for eight minutes of singing. The broadcast drew an enormous viewership.[154]
G.I. Blues, the soundtrack to Presley's first film since his return, was a number one album in October. His first LP of sacred material, His Hand in Mine, followed two months later. It reached number 13 on the U.S. pop chart and number 3 in Great Britain, remarkable figures for a gospel album. In February 1961, Presley performed two shows for a benefit event in Memphis, on behalf of 24 local charities. During a luncheon preceding the event, RCA presented him with a plaque certifying worldwide sales of over 75 million records.[155] A 12-hour Nashville session in mid-March yielded nearly all of Presley's next studio album, Something for Everybody.[156] As described by John Robertson, it exemplifies the Nashville sound, the restrained, cosmopolitan style that would define country music in the 1960s. Presaging much of what was to come from Presley himself over the next half-decade, the album is largely "a pleasant, unthreatening pastiche of the music that had once been Elvis's birthright."[157] It would be his sixth number one LP. Another benefit concert, raising money for a Pearl Harbor memorial, was staged on March 25, in Hawaii. It was to be Presley's last public performance for seven years.[158]
Lost in Hollywood[link]
See also: Elvis Presley filmography
Parker had by now pushed Presley into a heavy moviemaking schedule, focused on formulaic, modestly budgeted musical comedies. Presley at first insisted on pursuing more serious roles, but when two films in a more dramatic vein—Flaming Star (1960) and Wild in the Country (1961)—were less commercially successful, he reverted to the formula. Among the 27 movies he made during the 1960s, there were few further exceptions.[159] His films were almost universally panned; one critic dismissed them as a "pantheon of bad taste".[160] Nonetheless, they were virtually all profitable. Hal Wallis, who produced nine of them, declared, "A Presley picture is the only sure thing in Hollywood."[161]
Of Presley's films in the 1960s, 15 were accompanied by soundtrack albums and another 5 by soundtrack EPs. The movies' rapid production and release schedules—he frequently starred in three a year—affected his music. According to Jerry Leiber, the soundtrack formula was already evident before Presley left for the Army: "three ballads, one medium-tempo [number], one up-tempo, and one break blues boogie".[162] As the decade wore on, the quality of the soundtrack songs grew "progressively worse".[163] Julie Parrish, who appeared in Paradise, Hawaiian Style (1966), says that he hated many of the songs chosen for his films.[164] The Jordanaires' Gordon Stoker describes how Presley would retreat from the studio microphone: "The material was so bad that he felt like he couldn't sing it."[165] Most of the movie albums featured a song or two from respected writers such as the team of Doc Pomus and Mort Shuman. But by and large, according to biographer Jerry Hopkins, the numbers seemed to be "written on order by men who never really understood Elvis or rock and roll."[166] Regardless of the songs' quality, it has been argued that Presley generally sang them well, with commitment.[167] Critic Dave Marsh heard the opposite: "Presley isn't trying, probably the wisest course in the face of material like 'No Room to Rumba in a Sports Car' and 'Rock-a-Hula Baby.'"[114]
In the first half of the decade, three of Presley's soundtrack albums hit number one on the pop charts, and a few of his most popular songs came from his films, such as "Can't Help Falling in Love" (1961) and "Return to Sender" (1962). ("Viva Las Vegas", the title track to the 1964 film, was a minor hit as a B-side, and became truly popular only later.) But, as with artistic merit, the commercial returns steadily diminished. During a five-year span—1964 through 1968—Presley had only one top ten hit: "Crying in the Chapel" (1965), a gospel number recorded back in 1960. As for non-movie albums, between the June 1962 release of Pot Luck and the November 1968 release of the soundtrack to the television special that signaled his comeback, only one LP of new material by Presley was issued: the gospel album How Great Thou Art (1967). It won him his first Grammy Award, for Best Sacred Performance. As Marsh described, Presley was "arguably the greatest white gospel singer of his time [and] really the last rock & roll artist to make gospel as vital a component of his musical personality as his secular songs."[168]
Shortly before Christmas 1966, more than seven years since they first met, Presley proposed to Priscilla Beaulieu. They were married on May 1, 1967, in a brief ceremony in their suite at the Aladdin Hotel in Las Vegas.[169] The flow of formulaic movies and assembly-line soundtracks rolled on. It was not until October 1967, when the Clambake soundtrack LP registered record low sales for a new Presley album, that RCA executives recognized a problem. "By then, of course, the damage had been done", as historians Connie Kirchberg and Marc Hendrickx put it. "Elvis was viewed as a joke by serious music lovers and a has-been to all but his most loyal fans."[170]
Comeback (1968–73)[link]
[edit] Elvis: the '68 Comeback Special
Main article: Elvis (1968 TV program)
File:Elvis Presley 68 Comeback Special.jpg
The '68 Comeback Special produced "one of the most famous images" of Presley.[171] Taken on June 29, 1968, it was adapted for the cover of Rolling Stone in July 1969.[171][172]
Presley's only child, Lisa Marie, was born on February 1, 1968, during a period when he had grown deeply unhappy with his career.[173] Of the eight Presley singles released between January 1967 and May 1968, only two charted in the top 40, and none higher than number 28.[174] His forthcoming soundtrack album, Speedway, would die at number 82 on the Billboard chart. Parker had already shifted his plans to television, where Presley had not appeared since the Sinatra Timex show in 1960. He maneuvered a deal with NBC that committed the network to both finance a theatrical feature and broadcast a Christmas special.[175]
Recorded in late June in Burbank, California, the special, called simply Elvis, aired on December 3, 1968. Later known as the '68 Comeback Special, the show featured lavishly staged studio productions as well as songs performed with a band in front of a small audience—Presley's first live performances since 1961. The live segments saw Presley clad in tight black leather, singing and playing guitar in an uninhibited style reminiscent of his early rock and roll days. Director and coproducer Steve Binder had worked hard to reassure the nervous singer and to produce a show that was far from the hour of Christmas songs Parker had originally planned.[176] The show, NBC's highest rated that season, captured 42 percent of the total viewing audience.[177] Jon Landau of Eye magazine remarked, "There is something magical about watching a man who has lost himself find his way back home. He sang with the kind of power people no longer expect of rock 'n' roll singers. He moved his body with a lack of pretension and effort that must have made Jim Morrison green with envy."[178] Dave Marsh calls the performance one of "emotional grandeur and historical resonance."[179]
By January 1969, the single "If I Can Dream", written for the special, reached number 12. The soundtrack album broke into the top ten. According to friend Jerry Schilling, the special reminded Presley of what "he had not been able to do for years, being able to choose the people; being able to choose what songs and not being told what had to be on the soundtrack. ... He was out of prison, man."[177] Binder said of Presley's reaction, "I played Elvis the 60-minute show, and he told me in the screening room, 'Steve, it's the greatest thing I've ever done in my life. I give you my word I will never sing a song I don't believe in.'"[177]
[edit] From Elvis In Memphis and the International
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Beginning with his American Sound recordings, soul music became a central element in Presley's fusion of styles. Here, he revels in lyrics full of sexual innuendo.[180]
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Buoyed by the experience of the Comeback Special, Presley engaged in a prolific series of recording sessions at American Sound Studio, which led to the acclaimed From Elvis in Memphis. Released in June 1969, it was his first secular, non-soundtrack album from a dedicated period in the studio in eight years. As described by Dave Marsh, it is "a masterpiece in which Presley immediately catches up with pop music trends that had seemed to pass him by during the movie years. He sings country songs, soul songs and rockers with real conviction, a stunning achievement."[181] The album featured the hit single "In the Ghetto", issued in April, which reached number three on the pop chart—Presley's first non-gospel top ten hit since "Bossa Nova Baby" in 1963. Further hit singles were culled from the American Sound sessions: "Suspicious Minds", "Don't Cry Daddy", and "Kentucky Rain".
Presley was keen to resume regular live performing. Following the success of the Comeback Special, offers came in from around the world. The London Palladium offered Parker $28,000 for a one-week engagement. He responded, "That's fine for me, now how much can you get for Elvis?"[182] In May, the brand new International Hotel in Las Vegas, boasting the largest showroom in the city, announced that it had booked Presley. He was scheduled to perform 57 shows over four weeks beginning July 31. Moore, Fontana, and the Jordanaires declined to participate, afraid of losing the lucrative session work they had in Nashville. Presley assembled new, top-notch accompaniment, led by guitarist James Burton and including two gospel groups, The Imperials and Sweet Inspirations.[183] Nonetheless, he was nervous: his only previous Las Vegas engagement, in 1956, had been dismal. Parker, who intended to make Presley's return the show business event of the year, oversaw a major promotional push. For his part, hotel owner Kirk Kerkorian arranged to send his own plane to New York to fly in rock journalists for the debut performance.[184]
Presley took to the stage without introduction. The audience of 2,200, including many celebrities, gave him a standing ovation before he sang a note and another after his performance. A third followed his encore, "Can't Help Falling in Love" (a song that would be his closing number for much of the 1970s).[185] At a press conference after the show, when a journalist referred to him as "The King", Presley gestured toward Fats Domino, who was taking in the scene. "No," Presley said, "that's the real king of rock and roll."[186] The next day, Parker's negotiations with the hotel resulted in a five-year contract for Presley to play each February and August, at an annual salary of $1 million.[187] Newsweek commented, "There are several unbelievable things about Elvis, but the most incredible is his staying power in a world where meteoric careers fade like shooting stars."[188] Rolling Stone called Presley "supernatural, his own resurrection."[189] In November, Presley's final non-concert movie, Change of Habit, opened. The double album From Memphis To Vegas/From Vegas To Memphis came out the same month; the first LP consisted of live performances from the International, the second of more cuts from the American Sound sessions. "Suspicious Minds" reached the top of the charts—Presley's first U.S. pop number one in over seven years, and his last.
Cassandra Peterson, later television's Elvira, met Presley during this period in Las Vegas, where she was working as showgirl. She recalls of their encounter, "He was so anti-drug when I met him. I mentioned to him that I smoked marijuana, and he was just appalled. He said, 'Don't ever do that again.'"[190] Presley was not only deeply opposed to recreational drugs, he also rarely drank. Several of his family members had been alcoholics, a fate he intended to avoid.[191]
Back on tour and meeting Nixon[link]
Presley returned to the International early in 1970 for the first of the year's two month-long engagements, performing two shows a night. Recordings from these shows were issued on the album On Stage.[192] In late February, Presley performed six attendance-record–breaking shows at the Houston Astrodome.[193] In April, the single "The Wonder of You" was issued—a number one hit in Great Britain, it topped the U.S. adult contemporary chart, as well. MGM filmed rehearsal and concert footage at the International during August for the documentary Elvis: That's the Way It Is. Presley was by now performing in a jumpsuit, which would become a trademark of his live act. During this engagement, he was threatened with murder unless $50,000 was paid. Presley had been the target of many threats since the 1950s, often without his knowledge.[194] The FBI took the threat seriously and security was stepped up for the next two shows. Presley went onstage with a Derringer in his right boot and a .45 pistol in his waistband, but the concerts went off without incident.[195][196]
The album That's the Way It Is, produced to accompany the documentary and featuring both studio and live recordings, marked a stylistic shift. As music historian John Robertson notes, "The authority of Presley's singing helped disguise the fact that the album stepped decisively away from the American-roots inspiration of the Memphis sessions towards a more middle-of-the-road sound. With country put on the back burner, and soul and R&B left in Memphis, what was left was very classy, very clean white pop—perfect for the Las Vegas crowd, but a definite retrograde step for Elvis."[197] After the end of his International engagement on September 7, Presley embarked on a week-long concert tour, largely of the South, his first since 1958. Another week-long tour, of the West Coast, followed in November.[198]
On December 21, 1970, Presley engineered a meeting with President Richard Nixon at the White House, where he expressed his patriotism and his contempt for the hippie drug culture. He asked Nixon for a Bureau of Narcotics and Dangerous Drugs badge, to add to similar items he had begun collecting and to signify official sanction of his patriotic efforts. Nixon, who apparently found the encounter awkward, expressed a belief that Presley could send a positive message to young people and that it was therefore important he "retain his credibility". Presley told Nixon that The Beatles, whose songs he regularly performed in concert during the era,[199] exemplified what he saw as a trend of anti-Americanism and drug abuse in popular culture.[200] (Presley and his friends had had a four-hour get-together with The Beatles five years earlier.) On hearing reports of the meeting, Paul McCartney later said that he "felt a bit betrayed. ... The great joke was that we were taking [illegal] drugs, and look what happened to him", a reference to Presley's death, hastened by prescription drug abuse.[201]
The U.S. Junior Chamber of Commerce named Presley one of its annual Ten Most Outstanding Young Men of the Nation on January 16, 1971.[202] Not long after, the City of Memphis named the stretch of Highway 51 South on which Graceland is located "Elvis Presley Boulevard". The same year, Presley became the first rock and roll singer to be awarded the Lifetime Achievement Award (then known as the Bing Crosby Award) by the National Academy of Recording Arts and Sciences, the Grammy Award organization.[203] Three new, non-movie Presley studio albums were released in 1971, as many as had come out over the previous eight years. Best received by critics was Elvis Country, a concept record that focused on genre standards.[204] The biggest seller was Elvis Sings the Wonderful World of Christmas, "the truest statement of all", according to Greil Marcus. "In the midst of ten painfully genteel Christmas songs, every one sung with appalling sincerity and humility, one could find Elvis tom-catting his way through six blazing minutes of 'Merry Christmas, Baby,' a raunchy old Charles Brown blues. ... If [Presley's] sin was his lifelessness, it was his sinfulness that brought him to life".[205]
[edit] Marriage breakdown and Aloha from Hawaii
See also: Aloha from Hawaii
MGM again filmed Presley in April 1972, this time for Elvis on Tour, which went on to win the Golden Globe Award for Best Documentary Film that year. His gospel album He Touched Me, released that month, would earn him his second Grammy Award, for Best Inspirational Performance. A 14-date tour commenced with an unprecedented four consecutive sold-out shows at New York's Madison Square Garden.[206] The evening concert on July 10 was recorded and issued in LP form a week later. Elvis: As Recorded at Madison Square Garden became one of Presley's biggest-selling albums. After the tour, the single "Burning Love" was released—Presley's last top ten hit on the U.S. pop chart. "The most exciting single Elvis has made since 'All Shook Up'", wrote rock critic Robert Christgau. "Who else could make 'It's coming closer, the flames are now licking my body' sound like an assignation with James Brown's backup band?"[207]
File:ElvisPresleyAlohafromHawaii.jpg
Presley in Aloha From Hawaii, broadcast live via satellite on January 14, 1973. The singer himself came up with his famous outfit's eagle motif, as "something that would say 'America' to the world."[208]
Presley and his wife, meanwhile, had become increasingly distant, barely cohabiting. In 1971, an affair he had with Joyce Bova resulted—unbeknownst to him—in her pregnancy and an abortion. He often raised the possibility of her moving in to Graceland, saying that he was likely to leave Priscilla.[209] The Presleys separated on February 23, 1972, after Priscilla disclosed her relationship with Mike Stone, a karate instructor Presley had recommended to her. Priscilla relates that when she told him, Presley "grabbed ... and forcefully made love to" her, declaring, "This is how a real man makes love to his woman."[210] Five months later, Presley's new girlfriend, Linda Thompson, a songwriter and one-time Memphis beauty queen, moved in with him.[211] Presley and his wife filed for divorce on August 18.[212] According to Joe Moscheo of the Imperials, the failure of Presley's marriage "was a blow from which he never recovered."[213]
In January 1973, Presley performed two benefit concerts for the Kui Lee Cancer Fund in connection with a groundbreaking TV special, Aloha from Hawaii. The first show served as a practice run and backup should technical problems affect the live broadcast two days later. Aired as scheduled on January 14, Aloha from Hawaii was the first global concert satellite broadcast, reaching approximately 1.5 billion viewers live and on tape delay.[214][215][216] Presley's costume became the most recognized example of the elaborate concert garb with which his latter-day persona became closely associated. As described by Bobbie Ann Mason, "At the end of the show, when he spreads out his American Eagle cape, with the full stretched wings of the eagle studded on the back, he becomes a god figure."[217] The accompanying double album, released in February, went to number one and eventually sold over 5 million copies in the United States.[218] It proved to be Presley's last U.S. number one pop album during his lifetime.
At a midnight show the same month, four men rushed onto the stage in an apparent attack. Security men leapt to Presley's defense, and the singer's karate instinct took over as he ejected one invader from the stage himself. Following the show, he became obsessed with the idea that the men had been sent by Mike Stone to kill him. Though they were shown to have been only overexuberant fans, he raged, "There's too much pain in me ... Stone [must] die." His outbursts continued with such intensity that a physician was unable to calm him, despite administering large doses of medication. After another two full days of raging, Red West, his friend and bodyguard, felt compelled to get a price for a contract killing and was relieved when Presley decided, "Aw hell, let's just leave it for now. Maybe it's a bit heavy."[219]
Health deterioration and death (1973–77)[link]
Medical crises and last studio sessions[link]
Presley's divorce took effect on October 9, 1973.[220] He was now becoming increasingly unwell. Twice during the year he overdosed on barbiturates, spending three days in a coma in his hotel suite after the first incident. Toward the end of 1973, he was hospitalized, semicomatose from the effects of Demerol addiction. According to his main physician, Dr. George C. Nichopoulos, Presley "felt that by getting [drugs] from a doctor, he wasn't the common everyday junkie getting something off the street."[221] Since his comeback, he had staged more live shows with each passing year, and 1973 saw 168 concerts, his busiest schedule ever.[222] Despite his failing health, in 1974 he undertook another intensive touring schedule.[223]
Presley's condition declined precipitously in September. Keyboardist Tony Brown remembers the singer's arrival at a University of Maryland concert: "He fell out of the limousine, to his knees. People jumped to help, and he pushed them away like, 'Don't help me.' He walked on stage and held onto the mike for the first thirty minutes like it was a post. Everybody's looking at each other like, Is the tour gonna happen?"[224] Guitarist John Wilkinson recalled, "He was all gut. He was slurring. He was so fucked up. ... It was obvious he was drugged. It was obvious there was something terribly wrong with his body. It was so bad the words to the songs were barely intelligible. ... I remember crying. He could barely get through the introductions".[225] Wilkinson recounted that a few nights later in Detroit, "I watched him in his dressing room, just draped over a chair, unable to move. So often I thought, 'Boss, why don't you just cancel this tour and take a year off...?' I mentioned something once in a guarded moment. He patted me on the back and said, 'It'll be all right. Don't you worry about it.'"[225] Presley continued to play to sellout crowds. As cultural critic Marjorie Garber describes, he was now widely seen as a garish pop crooner: "in effect he had become Liberace. Even his fans were now middle-aged matrons and blue-haired grandmothers."[226]
On July 13, 1976, Vernon Presley—who had become deeply involved in his son's financial affairs—fired "Memphis Mafia" bodyguards Red West (Presley's friend since the 1950s), Sonny West, and David Hebler, citing the need to "cut back on expenses".[227][228][229] Presley was in Palm Springs at the time, and some suggest the singer was too cowardly to face the three himself. Another associate of Presley's, John O'Grady, argued that the bodyguards were dropped because their rough treatment of fans had prompted too many lawsuits.[230] However, Presley's stepbrother David Stanley has claimed that the bodyguards were fired because they were becoming more outspoken about Presley's drug dependency.[231] Presley and Linda Thompson split in November, and he took up with a new girlfriend, Ginger Alden.[232] He proposed to Alden and gave her an engagement ring two months later, though several of his friends later claimed that he had no serious intention of marrying again.[233]
RCA, which had enjoyed a steady stream of product from Presley for over a decade, grew anxious as his interest in spending time in the studio waned. After a December 1973 session that produced 18 songs, enough for almost two albums, he did not enter the studio in 1974.[234] Parker sold RCA on another concert record, Elvis: As Recorded Live on Stage in Memphis.[235] Recorded on March 20, it included a version of "How Great Thou Art" that would win Presley his third and final competitive Grammy Award.[236] (All three of his competitive Grammy wins—out of 14 total nominations—were for gospel recordings.) Presley returned to the studio in Hollywood in March 1975, but Parker's attempts to arrange another session toward the end of the year were unsuccessful.[237] In 1976, RCA sent a mobile studio to Graceland that made possible two full-scale recording sessions at Presley's home.[238] Even in that comfortable context, the recording process was now a struggle for him.[239]
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An R&B hit for Roy Hamilton in 1955 and a pop hit for blue-eyed soul singer Timi Yuro in 1961, Presley's deep soul version was picked up by country radio in 1976.[240]
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For all the concerns of his label and manager, in studio sessions between July 1973 and October 1976, Presley recorded virtually the entire contents of six albums. Though he was no longer a major presence on the pop charts, five of those albums entered the top five of the country chart, and three went to number one: Promised Land (1975), From Elvis Presley Boulevard, Memphis, Tennessee (1976), and Moody Blue (1977).[241] The story was similar with his singles—there were no major pop hits, but Presley was a significant force in not just the country market, but on adult contemporary radio as well. Eight studio singles from this period released during his lifetime were top ten hits on one or both charts, four in 1974 alone. "My Boy" was a number one AC hit in 1975, and "Moody Blue" topped the country chart and reached the second spot on the AC in 1976.[242] Perhaps his most critically acclaimed recording of the era came that year, with what Greil Marcus described as his "apocalyptic attack" on the soul classic "Hurt".[243] "If he felt the way he sounded", Dave Marsh wrote of Presley's performance, "the wonder isn't that he had only a year left to live but that he managed to survive that long."[244]
Final year and death[link]
Journalist Tony Scherman writes that by early 1977, "Elvis Presley had become a grotesque caricature of his sleek, energetic former self. Hugely overweight, his mind dulled by the pharmacopoeia he daily ingested, he was barely able to pull himself through his abbreviated concerts."[245] In Alexandria, Louisiana, the singer was on stage for less than an hour and "was impossible to understand".[246] Presley failed to appear in Baton Rouge; he was unable to get out of his hotel bed, and the rest of the tour was cancelled.[246] Despite the accelerating deterioration of his health, he stuck to most touring commitments. In Rapid City, South Dakota, "he was so nervous on stage that he could hardly talk", according to Presley historian Samuel Roy, and unable to "perform any significant movement."[247] Guralnick relates that fans "were becoming increasingly voluble about their disappointment, but it all seemed to go right past Elvis, whose world was now confined almost entirely to his room and his spiritualism books."[248] A cousin, Billy Smith, recalled how Presley would sit in his room and chat for hours, sometimes recounting favorite Monty Python sketches and his own past escapades, but more often gripped by paranoid obsessions that reminded Smith of Howard Hughes.[249] "Way Down", Presley's last single issued during his lifetime, came out on June 6. His final concert was held in Indianapolis at the Market Square Arena, on June 26.
The book Elvis: What Happened?, cowritten by the three bodyguards fired the previous year, was published on August 1.[250] It was the first exposé to detail Presley's years of drug misuse. He was devastated by the book and tried unsuccessfully to halt its release by offering money to the publishers.[251] By this point, he suffered from multiple ailments: glaucoma, high blood pressure, liver damage, and an enlarged colon, each aggravated—and possibly caused—by drug abuse.[221]
Presley was scheduled to fly out of Memphis on the evening of August 16, 1977, to begin another tour. That afternoon, Alden discovered him unresponsive on his bathroom floor. Attempts to revive him failed, and death was officially pronounced at 3:30 pm at Baptist Memorial Hospital.[252]
President Jimmy Carter issued a statement that credited Presley with having "permanently changed the face of American popular culture".[253] Thousands of people gathered outside Graceland to view the open casket. One of Presley's cousins, Billy Mann, accepted $18,000 to secretly photograph the corpse; the picture appeared on the cover of the National Enquirer's biggest-selling issue ever.[254] Alden struck a $105,000 deal with the Enquirer for her story, but settled for less when she broke her exclusivity agreement.[255] Presley left her nothing in his will.[256]
Presley's funeral was held at Graceland, on Thursday, August 18. Outside the gates, a car plowed into a group of fans, killing two women and critically injuring a third.[257] Approximately 80,000 people lined the processional route to Forest Hill Cemetery, where Presley was buried next to his mother.[258] Within a few days, "Way Down" topped the country and UK pop charts.[242][259] Following an attempt to steal the singer's body in late August, the remains of both Elvis Presley and his mother were reburied in Graceland's Meditation Garden on October 2.[255]
Since 1977[link]
Between 1977 and 1981, six posthumously released singles by Presley were top ten country hits.[242] Graceland was opened to the public in 1982. Attracting over half a million visitors annually, it is the second most-visited home in the United States, after the White House.[260] It was declared a National Historic Landmark in 2006.[261]
Presley has been inducted into four music halls of fame: the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame (1986), the Country Music Hall of Fame (1998), the Gospel Music Hall of Fame (2001), and the Rockabilly Hall of Fame (2007). In 1984, he received the W. C. Handy Award from the Blues Foundation and the Academy of Country Music's first Golden Hat Award. In 1987, he received the American Music Awards' Award of Merit.[262]
A Junkie XL remix of Presley's "A Little Less Conversation" (credited as "Elvis Vs JXL") was used in a Nike advertising campaign during the 2002 FIFA World Cup. It topped the charts in over 20 countries, and was included in a compilation of Presley's number one hits, ELV1S, that was also an international success. In 2003, a remix of "Rubberneckin'", a 1969 recording of Presley's, topped the U.S. sales chart, as did a 50th-anniversary re-release of "That's All Right" the following year.[263] The latter was an outright hit in Great Britain, reaching number three on the pop chart.
In 2005, another three reissued singles, "Jailhouse Rock", "One Night"/"I Got Stung", and "It's Now or Never", went to number one in Great Britain. A total of 17 Presley singles were reissued during the year; all made the British top five. For the fifth straight year, Forbes named Presley the top-earning deceased celebrity, with a gross income of $45 million.[264] He placed second in 2006,[265] returned to the top spot the next two years,[266][267] and ranked fourth in 2009.[268] The following year, he was ranked second, with his highest annual income ever—$60 million—spurred by the celebration of his 75th birthday and the launch of Cirque du Soleil's Viva Elvis show in Las Vegas.[269] In November 2010, Viva Elvis: The Album was released, setting his voice to newly recorded instrumental tracks.[270][271] As of mid-2011, there were an estimated 15,000 licensed Presley products.[272] He was again the second-highest-earning deceased celebrity.[273]
Presley holds the records for most songs charting in Billboard's top 40 and top 100: chart statistician Joel Whitburn calculates the respective totals as 104 and 151;[274] Presley historian Adam Victor gives 114 and 138.[275] Presley's rankings for top ten and number one hits vary depending on how the double-sided "Hound Dog/Don't Be Cruel" and "Don't/I Beg of You" singles, which precede the inception of Billboard's unified Hot 100 chart, are analyzed.e According to Whitburn's analysis, Presley and Madonna share the record for most top ten hits with 38;[276] per Billboard's current assessment, he ranks second with 36.[277] Whitburn and Billboard concur that The Beatles hold the record for most number one hits with 20 and that Mariah Carey is second with 18. Whitburn has Presley also with 18 and thus tied for second;[276] Billboard has him third with 17.[278] Presley retains the record for cumulative weeks at number one: alone at 80, according to Whitburn and the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame;[279][280] tied with Carey at 79, according to Billboard.[281][282] He holds the records for most British number one hits, with 21, and top ten hits, with 76.[283][284]
Musical style[link]
Influences[link]
Presley's earliest musical influence came from gospel. His mother recalled that from the age of two, at the Assembly of God church in Tupelo attended by the family, "he would slide down off my lap, run into the aisle and scramble up to the platform. There he would stand looking at the choir and trying to sing with them."[285] In Memphis, Presley frequently attended all-night gospel singings at the Ellis Auditorium, where groups such as the Statesmen Quartet led the music in a style that, Guralnick suggests, sowed the seeds of Presley's future stage act:
The Statesmen were an electric combination ... featuring some of the most thrillingly emotive singing and daringly unconventional showmanship in the entertainment world ... dressed in suits that might have come out of the window of Lansky's. ... Bass singer Jim Wetherington, known universally as the Big Chief, maintained a steady bottom, ceaselessly jiggling first his left leg, then his right, with the material of the pants leg ballooning out and shimmering. "He went about as far as you could go in gospel music," said Jake Hess. "The women would jump up, just like they do for the pop shows." Preachers frequently objected to the lewd movements ... but audiences reacted with screams and swoons.[286]
As a teenager, Presley's musical interests were wide-ranging, and he was deeply informed about African American musical idioms as well as white ones (see "Teenage life in Memphis"). Though he never had any formal training, he was blessed with a remarkable memory, and his musical knowledge was already considerable by the time he made his first professional recordings in 1954 at the age of 19. When Jerry Leiber and Mike Stoller met him two years later, they were astonished at his encyclopedic understanding of the blues.[287] At a press conference the following year, he proudly declared, "I know practically every religious song that's ever been written."[126]
Genres[link]
Presley was a central figure in the development of rockabilly, according to music historians. "Rockabilly crystallized into a recognizable style in 1954 with Elvis Presley's first release, on the Sun label", writes Craig Morrison.[288] Paul Friedlander describes the defining elements of rockabilly, which he similarly characterizes as "essentially ... an Elvis Presley construction": "the raw, emotive, and slurred vocal style and emphasis on rhythmic feeling [of] the blues with the string band and strummed rhythm guitar [of] country".[289] In "That's All Right", the Presley trio's first record, Scotty Moore's guitar solo, "a combination of Merle Travis–style country finger-picking, double-stop slides from acoustic boogie, and blues-based bent-note, single-string work, is a microcosm of this fusion."[289]
At RCA, Presley's rock and roll sound grew distinct from rockabilly with group chorus vocals, more heavily amplified electric guitars[290] and a tougher, more intense manner.[291] While he was known for taking songs from various sources and giving them a rockabilly/rock and roll treatment, he also recorded songs in other genres from early in his career, from the pop standard "Blue Moon" at Sun to the country ballad "How's the World Treating You?" on his second LP to the blues of "Santa Claus Is Back In Town". In 1957, his first gospel record was released, the four-song EP Peace in the Valley. Certified as a million seller, it became the top-selling gospel EP in recording history.[292] Presley would record gospel periodically for the rest of his life.
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From How Great Thou Art (1967), a traditional song popular in the black gospel tradition. The arrangement evokes "the percussive style of the 1930s Golden Gate Quartet."[293][294]
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After his return from military service in 1960, Presley continued to perform rock and roll, but the characteristic style was substantially toned down. His first post-Army single, the number one hit "Stuck on You", is typical of this shift. RCA publicity materials referred to its "mild rock beat"; discographer Ernst Jorgensen calls it "upbeat pop".[295] The modern blues/R&B sound captured so successfully on Elvis Is Back! was essentially abandoned for six years until such 1966–67 recordings as "Down in the Alley" and "Hi-Heel Sneakers".[296] The singer's output during most of the 1960s emphasized pop music, often in the form of ballads such as "Are You Lonesome Tonight?", a number one in 1960. While that was a dramatic number, most of what Presley recorded for his movie soundtracks was in a much lighter vein.[297]
While Presley performed several of his classic ballads for the '68 Comeback Special, the sound of the show was dominated by aggressive rock and roll. He would record few new straight-ahead rock and roll songs thereafter; as he explained, they were "hard to find".[298] A significant exception was "Burning Love", his last major hit on the pop charts. Like his work of the 1950s, Presley's subsequent recordings reworked pop and country songs, but in markedly different permutations. His stylistic range now began to embrace a more contemporary rock sound as well as soul and funk. Much of Elvis In Memphis, as well as "Suspicious Minds", cut at the same sessions, reflected his new rock and soul fusion. In the mid-1970s, many of his singles found a home on country radio, the field where he first became a star.[299]
Vocal style and range[link]
Music critic Henry Pleasants observes that "Elvis Presley has been described variously as a baritone and a tenor. An extraordinary compass ... and a very wide range of vocal color have something to do with this divergence of opinion."[300] He identifies Presley as a high baritone, calculating his range as two octaves and a third, "from the baritone low G to the tenor high B, with an upward extension in falsetto to at least a D-flat. Presley's best octave is in the middle, D-flat to D-flat, granting an extra full step up or down."[300] In Pleasants' view, his voice was "variable and unpredictable" at the bottom, "often brilliant" at the top, with the capacity for "full-voiced high Gs and As that an opera baritone might envy."[300] Scholar Lindsay Waters, who figures Presley's range as two and a quarter octaves, emphasizes that "his voice had an emotional range from tender whispers to sighs down to shouts, grunts, grumbles and sheer gruffness that could move the listener from calmness and surrender, to fear. His voice can not be measured in octaves, but in decibels; even that misses the problem of how to measure delicate whispers that are hardly audible at all."[301] Presley was always "able to duplicate the open, hoarse, ecstatic, screaming, shouting, wailing, reckless sound of the black rhythm-and-blues and gospel singers," writes Pleasants, and also demonstrated a remarkable ability to assimilate many other vocal styles.[300]
Questions over cause of death[link]
"Drug use was heavily implicated" in Presley's death, writes Guralnick. "No one ruled out the possibility of anaphylactic shock brought on by the codeine pills ... to which he was known to have had a mild allergy." A pair of lab reports filed two months later each strongly suggested that polypharmacy was the primary cause of death; one reported "fourteen drugs in Elvis' system, ten in significant quantity."[302] Forensic historian and pathologist Michael Baden views the situation as complicated: "Elvis had had an enlarged heart for a long time. That, together with his drug habit, caused his death. But he was difficult to diagnose; it was a judgment call."[303]
The competence and ethics of two of the centrally involved medical professionals were seriously questioned. Before the autopsy was complete and toxicology results known, medical examiner Dr. Jerry Francisco declared the cause of death as cardiac arrhythmia, a condition that can be determined only in someone who is still alive.[304] Allegations of a cover-up were widespread.[303] While Presley's main physician, Dr. Nichopoulos, was exonerated of criminal liability for the singer's death, the facts were startling: "In the first eight months of 1977 alone, he had [prescribed] more than 10,000 doses of sedatives, amphetamines and narcotics: all in Elvis's name." His license was suspended for three months. It was permanently revoked in the 1990s after the Tennessee Medical Board brought new charges of over-prescription.[221]
In 1994, the Presley autopsy was reopened. Coroner Dr. Joseph Davis declared, "There is nothing in any of the data that supports a death from drugs. In fact, everything points to a sudden, violent heart attack."[221] Whether or not combined drug intoxication was in fact the cause, there is little doubt that polypharmacy contributed significantly to Presley's premature death.[304]
Racial issues[link]
When Dewey Phillips first aired "That's All Right" on Memphis radio, many listeners who contacted the station by phone and telegram to ask for it again assumed that its singer was black.[52] From the beginning of his national fame, Presley expressed respect for African American performers and their music, and disregard for the norms of segregation and racial prejudice then prevalent in the South. Interviewed in 1956, he recalled how in his childhood he would listen to blues musician Arthur Crudup—the originator of "That's All Right"—"bang his box the way I do now, and I said if I ever got to the place where I could feel all old Arthur felt, I'd be a music man like nobody ever saw."[36] The Memphis World, an African American newspaper, reported that Presley, "the rock 'n' roll phenomenon", "cracked Memphis's segregation laws" by attending the local amusement park on what was designated as its "colored night".[36] Such statements and actions led Presley to be generally hailed in the black community during the early days of his stardom.[36] By contrast, many white adults, according to Billboard's Arnold Shaw, "did not like him, and condemned him as depraved. Anti-negro prejudice doubtless figured in adult antagonism. Regardless of whether parents were aware of the Negro sexual origins of the phrase 'rock 'n' roll', Presley impressed them as the visual and aural embodiment of sex."[305]
Despite the largely positive view of Presley held by African Americans, a rumor spread in mid-1957 that he had at some point announced, "The only thing Negroes can do for me is buy my records and shine my shoes." A journalist with the national African American weekly Jet, Louie Robinson, pursued the story. On the set of Jailhouse Rock, Presley granted him an interview, though he was no longer dealing with the mainstream press. He denied making such a statement or holding in any way to its racist view. Robinson found no evidence that the remark had ever been made, and on the contrary elicited testimony from many individuals indicating that Presley was anything but racist.[36][306] Blues singer Ivory Joe Hunter, who had heard the rumor before he visited Graceland one evening, reported of Presley, "He showed me every courtesy, and I think he's one of the greatest."[307] Though the rumored remark was wholly discredited at the time, it was still being used against Presley decades later.[308] The identification of Presley with racism—either personally or symbolically—was expressed most famously in the lyrics of the 1989 rap hit "Fight the Power", by Public Enemy: "Elvis was a hero to most / But he never meant shit to me / Straight-up racist that sucker was / Simple and plain".[309]
The persistence of such attitudes was fueled by resentment over the fact that Presley, whose musical and visual performance idiom owed much to African American sources, achieved the cultural acknowledgment and commercial success largely denied his black peers.[306] Into the 21st century, the notion that Presley had "stolen" black music still found adherents.[308][309] Notable among African American entertainers expressly rejecting this view was Jackie Wilson, who argued, "A lot of people have accused Elvis of stealing the black man's music, when in fact, almost every black solo entertainer copied his stage mannerisms from Elvis."[310] And throughout his career, Presley plainly acknowledged his debt. Addressing his '68 Comeback Special audience, he said, "Rock 'n' roll music is basically gospel or rhythm and blues, or it sprang from that. People have been adding to it, adding instruments to it, experimenting with it, but it all boils down to [that]." Nine years earlier, he had said, "Rock 'n' roll has been around for many years. It used to be called rhythm and blues."[311]
Influence of Colonel Parker and others[link]
Parker and the Aberbachs[link]
Further information: Colonel Tom Parker
Once he became Presley's manager, Colonel Tom Parker insisted on exceptionally tight control over his client's career. Early on, he and his Hill and Range allies, the brothers Jean and Julian Aberbach, perceived the close relationship that developed between Presley and songwriters Jerry Leiber and Mike Stoller as a serious threat to that control.[312] Parker effectively ended the relationship, deliberately or not, with the new contract he sent Leiber in early 1958. Leiber thought there was a mistake—the sheet of paper was blank except for Parker's signature and a line on which to enter his. "There's no mistake, boy, just sign it and return it", Parker directed. "Don't worry, we'll fill it in later." Leiber declined, and Presley's fruitful collaboration with the writing team was over.[313] Other respected songwriters lost interest in or simply avoided writing for Presley because of the requirement that they surrender a third of their usual royalties.[314]
By 1967, Parker's contracts with Presley gave him 50 percent of most of the singer's earnings from recordings, films, and merchandise.[315] Beginning in February 1972, he took a third of the profit from live appearances;[316] a January 1976 agreement entitled him to half of that as well.[317] Priscilla Presley noted that "Elvis detested the business side of his career. He would sign a contract without even reading it."[318] Presley's friend Marty Lacker regarded Parker as a "hustler and a con artist. He was only interested in 'now money'—get the buck and get gone."[319]
Lacker was instrumental in convincing Presley to record with Memphis producer Chips Moman and his handpicked musicians at American Sound Studio in early 1969. The American Sound sessions represented a significant departure from the control customarily exerted by Hill and Range. Moman still had to deal with the publisher's staff on site, whose song suggestions he regarded as unacceptable. He was on the verge of quitting, until Presley ordered the Hill and Range personnel out of the studio.[320] Although RCA executive Joan Deary was later full of praise for the producer's song choices and the quality of the recordings,[321] Moman, to his fury, received neither credit on the records nor royalties for his work.[322]
Throughout his entire career, Presley performed in only three venues outside the United States—all of them in Canada, during brief tours there in 1957. Rumors that he would play overseas for the first time were fueled in 1974 by a million-dollar bid for an Australian tour. Parker was uncharacteristically reluctant, prompting those close to Presley to speculate about the manager's past and the reasons for his apparent unwillingness to apply for a passport. Parker ultimately squelched any notions Presley had of working abroad, claiming that foreign security was poor and the venues unsuitable for a star of his magnitude.[323]
Parker arguably exercised tightest control over Presley's movie career. In 1957, Robert Mitchum asked Presley to costar with him in Thunder Road, on which Mitchum was writer and producer.[324] According to George Klein, one of his oldest friends, Presley was offered starring roles in West Side Story and Midnight Cowboy.[325] In 1974, Barbra Streisand approached Presley to star with her in the remake of A Star is Born.[326] In each case, any ambitions the singer may have had to play such parts were thwarted by his manager's negotiating demands or flat refusals. In Lacker's description, "The only thing that kept Elvis going after the early years was a new challenge. But Parker kept running everything into the ground."[319] The operative attitude may have been summed up best by the response Leiber and Stoller received when they brought a serious film project for Presley to Parker and the Hill and Range owners for their consideration. In Leiber's telling, Jean Aberbach warned them to never again "try to interfere with the business or artistic workings of the process known as Elvis Presley".[162]
Memphis Mafia[link]
Main article: Memphis Mafia
In the early 1960s, the circle of friends with whom Presley constantly surrounded himself until his death came to be known as the "Memphis Mafia".[327] "Surrounded by the[ir] parasitic presence", as journalist John Harris puts it, "it was no wonder that as he slid into addiction and torpor, no-one raised the alarm: to them, Elvis was the bank, and it had to remain open."[328] Tony Brown, who played piano for Presley regularly in the last two years of the singer's life, observed his rapidly declining health and the urgent need to address it: "But we all knew it was hopeless because Elvis was surrounded by that little circle of people ... all those so-called friends".[329] In the Memphis Mafia's defense, Marty Lacker has said, "[Presley] was his own man. ... If we hadn't been around, he would have been dead a lot earlier."[330]
Larry Geller became Presley's hairdresser in 1964. Unlike others in the Memphis Mafia, he was interested in spiritual questions and recalls how, from their first conversation, Presley revealed his secret thoughts and anxieties: "I mean there has to be a purpose...there's got to be a reason...why I was chosen to be Elvis Presley. ... I swear to God, no one knows how lonely I get. And how empty I really feel."[331] Thereafter, Geller supplied him with books on religion and mysticism, which the singer read voraciously.[332] Presley would be preoccupied by such matters for much of his life, taking trunkloads of books with him on tour.[221]
Sex symbol[link]
Presley's physical attractiveness and sexual appeal were widely acknowledged. "He was once beautiful, astonishingly beautiful", in the words of critic Mark Feeney.[333] Television director Steve Binder, no fan of Presley's music before he oversaw the '68 Comeback Special, reported, "I'm straight as an arrow and I got to tell you, you stop, whether you're male or female, to look at him. He was that good looking. And if you never knew he was a superstar, it wouldn't make any difference; if he'd walked in the room, you'd know somebody special was in your presence."[334] His performance style, as much as his physical beauty, was responsible for Presley's eroticized image. Writing in 1970, critic George Melly described him as "the master of the sexual simile, treating his guitar as both phallus and girl."[335] In his Presley obituary, Lester Bangs credited him as "the man who brought overt blatant vulgar sexual frenzy to the popular arts in America."[336] Ed Sullivan's declaration that he perceived a soda bottle in Presley's trousers was echoed by rumors involving a similarly positioned toilet roll tube or lead bar.[337]
While Presley was marketed as an icon of heterosexuality, some cultural critics have argued that his image was ambiguous. In 1959, Sight and Sound's Peter John Dyer described his onscreen persona as "aggressively bisexual in appeal".[338] Brett Farmer places the "orgasmic gyrations" of the title dance sequence in Jailhouse Rock within a lineage of cinematic musical numbers that offer a "spectacular eroticization, if not homoeroticization, of the male image".[339] In the analysis of Yvonne Tasker, "Elvis was an ambivalent figure who articulated a peculiar feminised, objectifying version of white working-class masculinity as aggressive sexual display."[340]
Reinforcing Presley's image as a sex symbol were the reports of his dalliances with various Hollywood stars and starlets, from Natalie Wood in the 1950s to Connie Stevens and Ann-Margret in the 1960s to Candice Bergen and Cybill Shepherd in the 1970s. June Juanico of Memphis, one of Presley's early girlfriends, later blamed Parker for encouraging him to choose his dating partners with publicity in mind.[190] Presley, however, never grew comfortable with the Hollywood scene, and most of these relationships were insubstantial.[341]
Legacy[link]
Further information: Cultural impact of Elvis Presley; Cultural depictions of Elvis Presley
His music and his personality, fusing the styles of white country and black rhythm and blues, permanently changed the face of American popular culture. His following was immense, and he was a symbol to people the world over of the vitality, rebelliousness, and good humor of his country.
Presley's rise to national attention in 1956 transformed the field of popular music and had a huge effect on the broader scope of popular culture.[4] As the catalyst for the cultural revolution that was rock and roll, he was central not only to defining it as a musical genre but in making it a touchstone of youth culture and rebellious attitude.[342] With its racially mixed origins—repeatedly affirmed by Presley—rock and roll's occupation of a central position in mainstream American culture facilitated a new acceptance and appreciation of black culture.[343] In this regard, Little Richard said of Presley, "He was an integrator. Elvis was a blessing. They wouldn't let black music through. He opened the door for black music."[344] Al Green agreed: "He broke the ice for all of us."[345] Presley also heralded the vastly expanded reach of celebrity in the era of mass communication: at the age of 21, within a year of his first appearance on American network television, he was one of the most famous people in the world.[346]
Presley's name, image, and voice are instantly recognizable around the globe.[347] He has inspired a legion of impersonators.[348] In polls and surveys, he is recognized as one of the most important popular music artists and influential Americans.f "Elvis Presley is the greatest cultural force in the twentieth century", said composer and conductor Leonard Bernstein. "He introduced the beat to everything and he changed everything—music, language, clothes. It's a whole new social revolution—the sixties came from it."[349] Bob Dylan described the sensation of first hearing Presley as "like busting out of jail".[345]
A New York Times editorial on the 25th anniversary of Presley's death observed, "All the talentless impersonators and appalling black velvet paintings on display can make him seem little more than a perverse and distant memory. But before Elvis was camp, he was its opposite: a genuine cultural force. ... Elvis's breakthroughs are underappreciated because in this rock-and-roll age, his hard-rocking music and sultry style have triumphed so completely."[350] Not only Presley's achievements, but his failings as well, are seen by some cultural observers as adding to the power of his legacy, as in this description by Greil Marcus:
Elvis Presley is a supreme figure in American life, one whose presence, no matter how banal or predictable, brooks no real comparisons. ... The cultural range of his music has expanded to the point where it includes not only the hits of the day, but also patriotic recitals, pure country gospel, and really dirty blues. ... Elvis has emerged as a great artist, a great rocker, a great purveyor of schlock, a great heart throb, a great bore, a great symbol of potency, a great ham, a great nice person, and, yes, a great American.[351]
Discography[link]
Main articles: Elvis Presley albums discography and Elvis Presley singles discography
A vast number of recordings have been issued under Presley's name. The total number of his original master recordings has been variously calculated as 665[275] and 711.[333] His career began and he was most successful during an era when singles were the primary commercial medium for pop music. In the case of his albums, the distinction between "official" studio records and other forms is often blurred. For most of the 1960s, his recording career focused on soundtrack albums. In the 1970s, his most heavily promoted and best-selling LP releases tended to be concert albums. This summary discography lists only the albums and singles that reached the top of one or more of the following charts: the main U.S. Billboard pop chart; the Billboard country chart, the genre chart with which he was most identified (there was no country album chart before 1964); and the official British pop chart.g In the United States, Presley also had five or six number one R&B singles and seven number one adult contemporary singles;h in 1964, his "Blue Christmas" topped the Christmas singles chart during a period when Billboard did not rank holiday singles in its primary pop chart.[241][352] He also had number one hits in many countries beside the United States and United Kingdom.
Number one albums[link]
| Year | Album | Type | Chart positions | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| US[353] | US Country[354] | UK[259][355] | |||
| 1956 | Elvis Presley | studio/comp. | 1 | n.a. | 1 |
| Elvis | studio | 1 | n.a. | 3 | |
| 1957 | Loving You | sound./studio | 1 | n.a. | 1 |
| Elvis' Christmas Album | studio | 1 | n.a. | 2 | |
| 1960 | Elvis Is Back! | studio | 2 | n.a. | 1 |
| G.I. Blues | soundtrack | 1 | n.a. | 1 | |
| 1961 | Something for Everybody | studio | 1 | n.a. | 2 |
| Blue Hawaii | soundtrack | 1 | n.a. | 1 | |
| 1962 | Pot Luck | studio | 4 | n.a. | 1 |
| 1964 | Roustabout | soundtrack | 1 | — | 12 |
| 1969 | From Elvis in Memphis | studio | 13 | 2 | 1 |
| 1973 | Aloha from Hawaii: Via Satellite | live | 1 | 1 | 11 |
| 1974 | Elvis: A Legendary Performer Volume 1 | compilation | 43 | 1 | 20 |
| 1975 | Promised Land | studio | 47 | 1 | 21 |
| 1976 | From Elvis Presley Boulevard, Memphis, Tennessee | studio | 41 | 1 | 29 |
| 1977 | Elvis' 40 Greatest | compilation | — | — | 1 |
| Moody Blue | studio/live | 3 | 1 | 3 | |
| Elvis in Concert | live | 5 | 1 | 13 | |
| 2002 | ELV1S: 30 #1 Hits | compilation | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| 2007 | Elvis the King | compilation | — | — | 1 |
Number one singles[link]
| Year | Single | Chart positions | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US[276] | US Country[356] | UK[259][355] | ||
| 1956 | "I Forgot to Remember to Forget" (reissue) | — | 1 | — |
| "Heartbreak Hotel" | 1 | 1 | 2 | |
| "I Want You, I Need You, I Love You" | 1 | 1 | 14 | |
| "Don't Be Cruel" | 1 | 1 | 2 | |
| "Hound Dog" | 1 | 1 | 2 | |
| "Love Me Tender" | 1 | 3 | 11 | |
| 1957 | "Too Much" | 1 | 3 | 6 |
| "All Shook Up" | 1 | 1 | 1 | |
| "(Let Me Be Your) Teddy Bear" | 1 | 1 | 3 | |
| "Jailhouse Rock" | 1 | 1 | 1 | |
| 1958 | "Don't" | 1 | 2 | 2 |
| "Hard Headed Woman" | 1 | 2 | 2 | |
| 1959 | "One Night"/"I Got Stung" | 4/8 | 24/— | 1 |
| "A Fool Such as I"/"I Need Your Love Tonight" | 2/4 | — | 1 | |
| "A Big Hunk o' Love" | 1 | — | 4 | |
| 1960 | "Stuck on You" | 1 | 27 | 3 |
| "It's Now or Never" | 1 | — | 1 | |
| "Are You Lonesome Tonight?" | 1 | 22 | 1 | |
| 1961 | "Wooden Heart" | — | — | 1 |
| "Surrender" | 1 | — | 1 | |
| "(Marie's the Name) His Latest Flame"/"Little Sister" | 4/5 | — | 1 | |
| 1962 | "Can't Help Falling in Love"/"Rock-A-Hula Baby" | 2/23 | — | 1 |
| "Good Luck Charm" | 1 | — | 1 | |
| "She's Not You" | 5 | — | 1 | |
| "Return to Sender" | 2 | — | 1 | |
| 1963 | "(You're The) Devil in Disguise" | 3 | — | 1 |
| 1965 | "Crying in the Chapel" | 3 | — | 1 |
| 1969 | "Suspicious Minds" | 1 | — | 2 |
| 1970 | "The Wonder of You" | 9 | 37 | 1 |
| 1977 | "Moody Blue" | 31 | 1 | 6 |
| "Way Down" | 18 | 1 | 1 | |
| 1981 | "Guitar Man" (remix) | 28 | 1 | 43 |
| 2002 | "A Little Less Conversation" (JXL remix) | 50 | — | 1 |
| 2005 | "Jailhouse Rock" (reissue) | — | — | 1 |
| "One Night"/"I Got Stung" (reissue) | — | — | 1 | |
| "It's Now or Never" (reissue) | — | — | 1 | |
Filmography[link]
Main article: Elvis Presley filmography
See also[link]
 |
Book: Elvis Presley |
| Wikipedia books are collections of articles that can be downloaded or ordered in print. | |
- Elvis Presley Enterprises
- Honorific nicknames in popular music
- List of artists by total number of UK number one singles
- List of best-selling music artists
- Personal relationships of Elvis Presley
Notes[link]
- ^ Note a: Although some pronounce his surname "PREZ-lee", Presley himself used the pronunciation of the American South, "PRESS-lee", as did his family and those who worked with him.[357] The correct spelling of his middle name has long been a matter of debate. The physician who delivered him wrote "Elvis Aaron Presley" in his ledger.[358] The state-issued birth certificate reads "Elvis Aron Presley". The name was chosen after the Presleys' friend and fellow congregation member Aaron Kennedy, though a single-A spelling was probably intended by Presley's parents in order to parallel the middle name of Presley's stillborn brother, Jesse Garon.[138] It reads Aron on most official documents produced during his lifetime, including his high school diploma, RCA record contract, and marriage license, and this was generally taken to be the proper spelling.[359] In 1966, Presley expressed the desire to his father that the more traditional biblical rendering, Aaron, be used henceforth, "especially on legal documents."[358] Five years later, the Jaycees citation honoring him as one of the country's Outstanding Young Men used Aaron. Late in his life, he sought to officially change the spelling to Aaron and discovered that state records already listed it that way. Knowing his wishes for his middle name, Aaron is the spelling his father chose for Presley's tombstone, and it is the spelling his estate has designated as official.[359]
- ^ Note b: According to a third cousin of Presley's, one of Gladys's great-grandmothers was Jewish.[360] There is no evidence that Presley or his mother shared this belief in a Jewish heritage. Syndicated columnist Nate Bloom has challenged the cousin's account, which he calls a "tall tale".[361]
- ^ Note c: Of the $40,000, $5,000 covered back royalties owed by Sun.[73]
- ^ Note d: In 1956–57, Presley was also credited as a cowriter on several songs where he had no hand in the writing process: "Heartbreak Hotel"; "Don't Be Cruel"; all four songs from his first film, including the title track, "Love Me Tender"; "Paralyzed"; and "All Shook Up".[362] He received credit on two other songs to which he did contribute: he provided the title for "That's Someone You Never Forget" (1961), written by his friend Red West; Presley and West collaborated with another friend, guitarist Charlie Hodge, on "You'll Be Gone" (1962).[363]
- ^ Note e: Whitburn follows actual Billboard history in considering the four songs on the "Don't Be Cruel/Hound Dog" and "Don't/I Beg of You" singles as distinct. He tallies each side of the former single as a number one (Billboard's sales chart had "Don't Be Cruel" at number one for five weeks, then "Hound Dog" for six) and reckons "I Beg of You" as a top ten, as it reached number eight on the old Top 100 chart. Billboard now considers both singles as unified items, ignoring the historical sales split of the former and its old Top 100 chart entirely. Whitburn thus analyzes the four songs as yielding three number ones and a total of four top tens. Billboard now states that they yielded just two number ones and a total of two top tens, voiding the separate chart appearances of "Hound Dog" and "I Beg of You".
- ^ Note f: VH1 ranked Presley #8 among the "100 Greatest Artists of Rock & Roll" in 1998.[364] The BBC ranked him as the #2 "Voice of the Century" in 2001.[365] Rolling Stone placed him #3 in its list of "The Immortals: The Fifty Greatest Artists of All Time" in 2004.[366] CMT ranked him #15 among the "40 Greatest Men in Country Music" in 2005.[367] The Discovery Channel placed him #8 on its "Greatest American" list in 2005.[368] Variety put him in the top ten of its "100 Icons of the Century" in 2005.[369] The Atlantic Monthly ranked him #66 among the "100 Most Influential Figures in American History" in 2006.[370]
- ^ Note g: (1) The year given is the year the record first reached number one, rather than its original year of release. For instance, in 1974, Elvis' 40 Greatest, a compilation on the budget Arcade label, was the fourth highest selling album of the year in the United Kingdom; at the time, the main British chart did not rank such compilations, relegating them to a chart for midpriced and TV-advertised albums, which Elvis' 40 Greatest topped for 15 weeks.[371] The policy was altered in 1975, allowing the album to hit number one on the main chart in 1977, following Presley's death.[372] (2) Before late 1958, rather than unified pop and country singles charts, Billboard had as many as four charts for each, separately ranking records according to sales, jukebox play, jockey spins (i.e., airplay), and, in the case of pop, a general Top 100. Billboard now regards the sales charts as definitive for the period. Widely cited chart statistician Joel Whitburn accords historical releases the highest ranking they achieved among the separate charts. Presley discographer Ernst Jorgensen refers only to the Top 100 chart for pop hits. All of the 1956–58 songs listed here as number one U.S. pop hits reached the top of both the sales and, with three exceptions, the Top 100 charts: "I Want You, I Need You, I Love You" (three), "Hound Dog" (two, behind its flip side, "Don't Be Cruel"), and "Hard Headed Woman" (two). (3) Several Presley singles reached number one in the United Kingdom as double A-sides; in the United States, the respective sides of those singles were ranked separately by Billboard.
- ^ Note h: Whitburn calculates a total of six number one R&B singles, including "Don't Be Cruel", released as a double A-side with "Hound Dog";[352] Billboard's Keith Caulfield excludes "Don't Be Cruel".[241]
Citations[link]
- ^ Reaves 2002.
- ^ Victor 2008, pp. 438–39.
- ^ Semon & Jorgensen 2001.
- ^ a b Collins 2002.
- ^ Guralnick & Jorgensen 1999, p. 3.
- ^ Guralnick 1994, pp. 13–14.
- ^ Dundy 2004, pp. 13, 16, 20–22, 26.
- ^ Dundy 2004, p. 60.
- ^ Kamphoefner 2009, p. 33.
- ^ Guralnick 1994, pp. 11–12, 23–24.
- ^ Victor 2008, p. 419.
- ^ Guralnick 1994, pp. 12–14.
- ^ Guralnick 1994, pp. 15–16.
- ^ Guralnick 1994, pp. 17–18.
- ^ Guralnick 1994, p. 19.
- ^ Dundy 2004, p. 101.
- ^ Guralnick 1994, p. 23.
- ^ Guralnick 1994, pp. 23–26.
- ^ Guralnick 1994, pp. 19–21.
- ^ Dundy 2004, pp. 95–96.
- ^ Guralnick 1994, pp. 32–33.
- ^ Guralnick 1994, p. 36.
- ^ Guralnick 1994, pp. 35–38.
- ^ Guralnick 1994, pp. 40–41.
- ^ Stanley & Coffey 1998, p. 20.
- ^ Guralnick 1994, pp. 43, 44, 49.
- ^ Guralnick 1994, pp. 44, 46, 51.
- ^ Guralnick 1994, pp. 52–53.
- ^ a b Guralnick 1994, p. 171.
- ^ a b Matthew-Walker 1979, p. 3.
- ^ Guralnick 1994, pp. 46–48, 358.
- ^ Wadey 2004.
- ^ Guralnick 1994, pp. 47–48, 77–78.
- ^ Guralnick 1994, p. 51.
- ^ Guralnick 1994, pp. 38–40.
- ^ a b c d e Guralnick 2004.
- ^ Bertrand 2000, p. 205.
- ^ Szatmary 1996, p. 35.
- ^ Guralnick 1994, p. 54.
- ^ Jorgensen 1998, p. 8.
- ^ Guralnick 1994, pp. 62–64.
- ^ Guralnick 1994, p. 65.
- ^ Guralnick 1994, p. 77.
- ^ Cusic 1988, p. 10.
- ^ Guralnick 1994, p. 80.
- ^ Guralnick 1994, p. 83.
- ^ Miller 2000, p. 72.
- ^ Jorgensen 1998, pp. 10–11.
- ^ Marcus 1982, p. 174.
- ^ Guralnick 1994, pp. 94–97.
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- Pomerantz, Dorothy. The Top-Earning Dead Celebrities. Forbes. October 25, 20011 [cited January 6, 2012].
- Pomerantz, Dorothy; Lacey, Rose; Streib, Lauren; Thibault, Marie. Top-Earning Dead Celebrities. Forbes. October 27, 2009 [cited January 5, 2010].
- Ponce de Leon, Charles L. Fortunate Son: The Life of Elvis Presley. Macmillan; 2007. ISBN 0-8090-1641-9.
- Presley, Priscilla. Elvis and Me. G.P. Putnam's Sons; 1985. ISBN 0-399-12984-7.
- Ramsland, Katherine. TruTV. "Cyril Wecht: Forensic Pathologist—Coverup for a King"; 2010 [cited January 4, 2010].
- Reaves, Jessica. "Person of the Week: Elvis Presley". Time. August 15, 2002 [cited December 26, 2009].
- Recording Industry Association of America. Top 100 Albums; 2010 [cited January 31, 2010].
- Robertson, John. Elvis Presley: The Complete Guide to His Music. Omnibus Press; 2004. ISBN 1-84449-711-9.
- Rock and Roll Hall of Fame. Elvis Presley; 2010 [cited July 22, 2010].
- Rodman, Gilbert B. Elvis After Elvis, The Posthumous Career of a Living Legend. Routledge; 1996. ISBN 0-415-11002-5.
- Rogers, Dave. Rock 'n' Roll. Routledge & Kegan Paul; 1982. ISBN 0-7100-0938-0.
- The Immortals: The First Fifty. Rolling Stone. April 15, 2004 [archived 2008-06-25; cited December 29, 2009].
- 1969 Rolling Stone Covers. Rolling Stone. 2009 [archived July 5, 2008; cited December 24, 2009].
- Lacey, Rose. Top-Earning Dead Celebrities. Forbes. October 24, 2006 [cited June 5, 2011].
- Lacey, Rose; Pomerantz, Dorothy; Greenburg, Zack O'Malley; Paine, Jake. In Pictures: The 13 Top-Earning Dead Celebs—No. 2 Elvis Presley. Forbes. October 25, 2010 [cited June 5, 2011].
- Roy, Samuel. Elvis: Prophet of Power. Branden; 1985. ISBN 0-8283-1898-0.
- In: Sadie, Stanley, editor. The Norton/Grove Concise Encyclopedia of Music. Revised ed. W. W. Norton; 1994. ISBN 0-393-03753-3.
- Salisbury, Harrison. "Presley Records a Craze in Soviet". The New York Times. February 3, 1957.
- Scherman, Tony. "Elvis Dies". American Heritage. August 16, 2006 [cited December 29, 2009].
- Semon, Roger; Jorgensen, Ernst. Elvis.com. "Is Elvis the Biggest Selling Recording Artist?"; February 12, 2001 [cited February 4, 2011].
- BBC. "Sinatra Is Voice of the Century"; April 18, 2001 [cited December 29, 2009].
- Slaughter, Todd; Anne E. Nixon. The Elvis Archives. Omnibus Press; 2004. ISBN 1-84449-380-6.
- Stanley, David; Coffey, Frank. The Elvis Encyclopedia. Virgin Books; 1998. ISBN 0-7535-0293-3.
- Stein, Ruthe. "Girls! Girls! Girls!" San Francisco Chronicle. August 3, 1997 [cited December 29, 2009].
- Szatmary, David. A Time to Rock: A Social History of Rock 'n' Roll. Schirmer Books; 1996. ISBN 0-02-864670-3.
- Tasker, Yvonne. "Cowgirl Tales". In: Codell, Julie F., editor. Genre, Gender, Race, and World Cinema: An Anthology. Blackwell; 2007. ISBN 1-4051-3232-9.
- Trust, Gary. "Chart Beat". Billboard. June 2, 2010 [cited July 22, 2010].
- Turner, John Frayn. Frank Sinatra. Taylor Trade Publications; 2004. ISBN 1-58979-145-2.
- 100 Icons of the Century. Variety. 2005 [cited December 29, 2009].
- VH1. 100 Greatest Artists of Rock & Roll; 1998 [cited December 29, 2009].
- Victor, Adam. The Elvis Encyclopedia. Overlook Duckworth; 2008. ISBN 1-58567-598-9.
- Wadey, Paul. "Jake Hess". The Independent. January 8, 2004 [cited December 28, 2009].
- Warwick, Neil; Kutner, Jon; Brown, Tony. The Complete Book of the British Charts: Singles & Albums. 3rd ed. Omnibus Press; 2004. ISBN 1-84449-058-0.
- Waters, Lindsay. "Come Softly, Darling, Hear What I Say: Listening in a State of Distraction—A Tribute to the Work of Walter Benjamin, Elvis Presley, and Robert Christgau". Boundary 2. Spring 2003.
- Whitburn, Joel. Billboard Top 1000 Singles 1955–1992. Billboard Books; 1993. ISBN 0-7935-2072-X.
- Whitburn, Joel. The Billboard Book of Top 40 Hits. 8th ed. Billboard Books; 2004. ISBN 0-8230-7499-4.
- Whitburn, Joel. The Billboard Book of Top 40 Country Hits. 2nd ed. Billboard Books; 2006. ISBN 0-8230-8291-1.
- Whitburn, Joel. Joel Whitburn Presents the Billboard Albums. 6th ed. Record Research; 2007. ISBN 0-89820-166-7.
- Whitburn, Joel. Joel Whitburn Presents Hot Country Albums: Billboard 1964 to 2007. Record Research; 2008. ISBN 0-89820-173-X.
- Wolfe, Charles. Amazing Grace: His Greatest Sacred Performances. CD Booklet RCA/BMG. UPC 7863664212; 1994.
- Woolley, John T.; Peters, Gerhard. American Presidency Project. University of California, Santa Barbara. Jimmy Carter: Death of Elvis Presley Statement by the President; August 17, 1977 [cited December 29, 2009].
Further reading[link]
- Allen, Lew (2007). Elvis and the Birth of Rock. Genesis. ISBN 1-905662-00-9.
- Ann-Margret and Todd Gold (1994). Ann-Margret: My Story. G.P. Putnam's Sons. ISBN 0-399-13891-9.
- Cantor, Louis (2005). Dewey and Elvis: The Life and Times of a Rock 'n' Roll Deejay. University of Illinois Press. ISBN 0-252-02981-X.
- Dickerson, James L. (2001). Colonel Tom Parker: The Curious Life of Elvis Presley's Eccentric Manager. Cooper Square Press. ISBN 0-8154-1267-3.
- Finstad, Suzanne (1997). Child Bride: The Untold Story of Priscilla Beaulieu Presley. Harmony Books. ISBN 0-517-70585-0.
- Goldman, Albert (1981). Elvis. McGraw-Hill. ISBN 0-07-023657-7.
- Goldman, Albert (1990). Elvis: The Last 24 Hours. St. Martin's. ISBN 0-312-92541-7.
- Klein, George (2010). Elvis: My Best Man: Radio Days, Rock 'n' Roll Nights, and My Lifelong Friendship with Elvis Presley. Virgin Books. ISBN 978-0-307-45274-0
- Marcus, Greil (1999). Dead Elvis: A Chronicle of a Cultural Obsession. Harvard University Press. ISBN 0-674-19422-5.
- Marcus, Greil (2000). Double Trouble: Bill Clinton and Elvis Presley in a Land of No Alternative. Picador. ISBN 0-571-20676-X.
- Nash, Alanna (2010). Baby, Let's Play House: Elvis Presley and the Women Who Loved Him. It Books. ISBN 0-06-169984-5.
- West, Red, Sonny West, and Dave Hebler (as told to Steve Dunleavy) (1977). Elvis: What Happened? Bantam Books. ISBN 0-345-27215-3.
External links[link]
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Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Elvis Presley |
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Wikiquote has a collection of quotations related to: Elvis Presley |
- Elvis Presley at the Internet Movie Database
- Elvis Presley at AllRovi
- Elvis Presley discography at Discogs
- Elvis Presley Enterprises official site of the Elvis Presley brand
- Elvis The Music official record label site
- Elvis Presley Interviews on officially sanctioned Elvis Australia site
- Elvis Presley at the Open Directory Project
- Elvis Presley Ancestry at Genealogy.com
- Elvis Presley 1955 interview material on Pop Chronicles
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| Persondata | |
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| Name | Presley, Elvis Aaron |
| Alternative names | Presley, Elvis Aaron |
| Short description | American singer, song producer and actor; "The King of Rock'n'Roll" |
| Date of birth | (1935-01-08)January 8, 1935 |
| Place of birth | Tupelo, Mississippi, U.S. |
| Date of death | August 16, 1977(1977-08-16) |
| Place of death | Memphis, Tennessee, USA |
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This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, which means that you can copy and modify it as long as the entire work (including additions) remains under this license.
"Springsteen" redirects here. For other uses, see Springsteen (disambiguation).
| Bruce Springsteen | |
|---|---|
 Springsteen in 2009; Working on a Dream Tour in Valladolid, Spain |
|
| Background information | |
| Also known as | The Boss, Bad Scooter |
| Born | (1949-09-23) September 23, 1949 (age 62) Long Branch, New Jersey, United States |
| Genres | Rock, folk rock, heartland rock, hard rock, roots rock |
| Occupations | Musician, Songwriter |
| Instruments | Vocals, guitar, harmonica, bass guitar, piano, percussion, banjo, drums, keyboards |
| Years active | 1969–present |
| Labels | Columbia |
| Associated acts | The E Street Band, Steel Mill, Miami Horns, The Sessions Band |
| Website | www.brucespringsteen.net |
| Notable instruments | |
| Fender Telecaster Takamine Guitars Gibson J-45 Hohner Marine Band Harmonica Gibson J-200 Gibson ES-335 Gibson Hummingbird |
|
Bruce Frederick Joseph Springsteen (born September 23, 1949), nicknamed "The Boss," is an American singer-songwriter-performer who records and tours with the E Street Band. Springsteen is widely known for his brand of heartland rock, poetic lyrics, and Americana sentiments centered on his native New Jersey.[1]
Springsteen's recordings have included both commercially accessible rock albums and more somber folk-oriented works. His most successful studio albums, Born in the U.S.A. and Born to Run, showcase a talent for finding grandeur in the struggles of daily American life; he has sold more than 65 million albums in the United States and more than 120 million worldwide[2] and he has earned numerous awards for his work, including 21 Grammy Awards, two Golden Globes and an Academy Award. He is widely regarded by many as one of the most influential songwriters of the 20th century, and in 2004, Rolling Stone ranked him as the 23rd Greatest Artist of all time.
Contents |
Early life[link]
Springsteen was born in Long Branch, New Jersey, and spent his childhood and high school years in Freehold Borough. He lived on South Street in Freehold Borough and attended Freehold Borough High School. His father, Douglas Frederick Springsteen, was of Dutch and Irish ancestry and worked, among other vocations, as a bus driver, although he was frequently unemployed; his surname is Dutch for jump stone.[3] His mother, Adele Ann (née Zerilli), was a legal secretary and was of Italian ancestry.[4] His maternal grandfather was born in Vico Equense, a city near Naples. He has two younger sisters, Virginia and Pamela. Pamela had a brief film career, but left acting to pursue still photography full time; she took photos for the Human Touch and Lucky Town albums.
Raised a Roman Catholic,[5] Springsteen attended the St. Rose of Lima Catholic school in Freehold Borough, where he was at odds with the nuns and rejected the strictures imposed upon him, even though some of his later music reflects a Catholic ethos and included a few rock-influenced, traditional Irish-Catholic hymns.[6] Recently in Paris (2012) before the launch of his latest album, Wrecking Ball, he explained that it was his Catholic upbringing rather than political ideology that most influenced his music. He noted in the interview that his faith had given him a "very active spiritual life," although he joked that this "made it very difficult sexually." He added: "Once a Catholic, always a Catholic."[7]
In ninth grade, he transferred to the public Freehold Regional High School, but did not fit in there, either. Old teachers have said he was a "loner, who wanted nothing more than to play his guitar." He completed high school, but felt so uncomfortable that he skipped his own graduation ceremony.[8] He briefly attended Ocean County College, but dropped out.[6]
Career history[link]
1962–1972: Early years[link]
Springsteen had been inspired to take up music at the age of seven after seeing Elvis Presley on The Ed Sullivan Show. At 13, his mother bought him his first guitar for $18; later, she took out a loan to buy the 16-year-old Springsteen a $60 Kent guitar, as he later memorialized in his song "The Wish".
In 1965, he went to the house of Tex and Marion Vinyard, who sponsored young bands in town. They helped him become the lead guitarist and subsequently the lead singer of The Castiles. The Castiles recorded two original songs at a public recording studio in Brick Township and played a variety of venues, including Cafe Wha? in Greenwich Village. Marion Vinyard said that she believed the young Springsteen when he promised he would make it big.[9]
Called for induction when he was 18, Springsteen failed his physical examination and did not serve in Vietnam. In an interview in Rolling Stone magazine in 1984, he said, "When I got on the bus to go take my physical, I thought one thing: I ain't goin'." He had suffered a concussion in a motorcycle accident when he was 17, and this together with his "crazy" behaviour at induction and not taking the tests, was enough to get him a 4F.[10]
In the late 1960s, Springsteen performed briefly in a power trio known as Earth, playing in clubs in New Jersey. Springsteen acquired the nickname "The Boss" during this period as when he played club gigs with a band he took on the task of collecting the band's nightly pay and distributing it amongst his bandmates.[11] Springsteen is not fond of this nickname, due to his dislike of bosses,[12] but seems to have since given it a tacit acceptance. Previously he had the nickname "Doctor".[13] From 1969 through early 1971, Springsteen performed with Steel Mill, which also featured Danny Federici, Vini Lopez, Vinnie Roslin and later Steve Van Zandt and Robbin Thompson. They went on to play the mid-Atlantic college circuit, and also briefly in California. In January 1970 well-known San Francisco Examiner music critic Philip Elwood gave Springsteen credibility in his glowing assessment of Steel Mill: "I have never been so overwhelmed by totally unknown talent." Elwood went on to praise their "cohesive musicality" and, in particular, singled out Springsteen as "a most impressive composer." During this time Springsteen also performed regularly at small clubs in Canton, Massachusetts, Richmond, Virginia, Asbury Park and along the Jersey Shore, quickly gathering a cult following. Other acts followed over the next two years, as Springsteen sought to shape a unique and genuine musical and lyrical style: Dr. Zoom & the Sonic Boom (early–mid 1971), Sundance Blues Band (mid 1971), and The Bruce Springsteen Band (mid 1971–mid 1972). With the addition of pianist David Sancious, the core of what would later become the E Street Band was formed, with occasional temporary additions such as horn sections, "The Zoomettes" (a group of female backing vocalists for "Dr. Zoom") and Southside Johnny Lyon on harmonica. Musical genres explored included blues, R&B, jazz, church music, early rock 'n' roll, and soul. His prolific songwriting ability, with "More words in some individual songs than other artists had in whole albums", as his future record label would describe it in early publicity campaigns, brought his skill to the attention of several people who were about to change his life: new managers Mike Appel and Jim Cretecos, and legendary Columbia Records talent scout John Hammond, who, under Appel's pressure, auditioned Springsteen in May 1972.
Even after Springsteen gained international acclaim, his New Jersey roots showed through in his music, and he often praised "the great state of New Jersey" in his live shows. Drawing on his extensive local appeal, he routinely sold out consecutive nights in major New Jersey, Philadelphia and New York venues. He also made many surprise appearances at The Stone Pony and other shore nightclubs over the years, becoming the foremost exponent of the Jersey Shore sound.
1972–1974: Initial struggle for success[link]
Springsteen signed a record deal with Columbia Records in 1972, with the help of John Hammond, who had signed Bob Dylan to the same label a decade earlier. Springsteen brought many of his New Jersey–based colleagues into the studio with him, thus forming the E Street Band (although it would not be formally named as such for several more years). His debut album, Greetings from Asbury Park, N.J., released in January 1973, established him as a critical favorite,[14] though sales were slow. Because of Springsteen's lyrical poeticism and folk rock–rooted music exemplified on tracks like "Blinded by the Light", (which would later be a hit for Manfred Mann and go to No. 1, making it the only time Springsteen had a No. 1 single as a songwriter), and "For You", as well as the Columbia and Hammond connections, critics initially compared Springsteen to Bob Dylan. "He sings with a freshness and urgency I haven't heard since I was rocked by 'Like a Rolling Stone,'" wrote Crawdaddy magazine editor Peter Knobler in Springsteen's first interview/profile, in March 1973. Crawdaddy discovered Springsteen in the rock press and was his earliest champion.[15] (Springsteen and the E Street Band acknowledged by giving a private performance at the Crawdaddy 10th Anniversary Party in New York City in June 1976.)[16] Music critic Lester Bangs wrote in Creem in 1975 that when Springsteen's first album was released "... many of us dismissed it: he wrote like Bob Dylan and Van Morrison, sang like Van Morrison and Robbie Robertson, and led a band that sounded like Van Morrison's."[17] The track "Spirit in the Night" especially showed Morrison's influence, while "Lost in the Flood" was the first of many portraits of Vietnam veterans and "Growin' Up", his first take on the recurring theme of adolescence.
In September 1973 his second album, The Wild, the Innocent & the E Street Shuffle, was released, again to critical acclaim but no commercial success. Springsteen's songs became grander in form and scope, with the E Street Band providing a less folky, more R&B vibe and the lyrics often romanticized teenage street life. "4th of July, Asbury Park (Sandy)" and "Incident on 57th Street" would become fan favorites, and the long, rousing "Rosalita (Come Out Tonight)" continues to rank among Springsteen's most beloved concert numbers.
In the May 22, 1974, issue of Boston's The Real Paper, music critic Jon Landau wrote after seeing a performance at the Harvard Square Theater, "I saw rock and roll's future, and its name is Bruce Springsteen. And on a night when I needed to feel young, he made me feel like I was hearing music for the very first time."[18] Landau subsequently became Springsteen's manager and producer, helping to finish the epic new album, Born to Run. Given an enormous budget in a last-ditch effort at a commercially viable record, Springsteen became bogged down in the recording process while striving for a wall of sound production. But, fed by the release of an early mix of "Born to Run" to progressive rock radio, anticipation built toward the album's release. All in all the album took more than 14 months to record, with six months alone spent on the song "Born To Run". During this time Springsteen battled with anger and frustration over the album, saying he heard "sounds in [his] head" that he could not explain to the others in the studio. It was during these recording sessions that "Miami" Steve Van Zandt would stumble into the studio just in time to help Springsteen organize the horn section on "Tenth Avenue Freeze-Out" (it is his only written contribution to the album), and eventually led to his joining the E Street Band.[citation needed] Van Zandt had been a long-time friend of Springsteen, as well as a collaborator on earlier musical projects, and understood where he was coming from, which helped him to translate some of the sounds Springsteen was hearing. Still, by the end of the grueling recording sessions, Springsteen was not satisfied, and, upon first hearing the finished album, threw the record into the alley and told Jon Landau he would rather just cut the album live at The Bottom Line, a place he often played.[19]
1975–1983: Breakthrough[link]
On August 13, 1975, Springsteen and the E Street Band began a five-night, 10-show stand at New York's Bottom Line club. The engagement attracted major media attention, was broadcast live on WNEW-FM, and convinced many skeptics that Springsteen was for real. (Decades later, Rolling Stone magazine would name the stand as one of the 50 Moments That Changed Rock and Roll.[20]) With the release of Born to Run on August 25, 1975, Springsteen finally found success. The album peaked at No. 3 on the Billboard 200, and while there were no hit singles, "Born to Run" (Billboard No. 23), "Thunder Road", "Tenth Avenue Freeze-Out" (Billboard No. 83), and "Jungleland" all received massive album-oriented rock airplay and remain perennial favorites on many classic rock stations. The songwriting and recording was more disciplined than before, while still maintaining an epic feel. With its panoramic imagery, thundering production and desperate optimism, Born to Run is considered by some fans to be among the best rock and roll albums of all time and Springsteen's finest work. It established him as a sincere and dynamic rock and roll personality who spoke for and in the voice of a large part of the rock audience. To cap off the triumph, Springsteen appeared on the covers of both Time and Newsweek in the same week, on October 27 of that year. So great did the wave of publicity become that Springsteen eventually rebelled against it during his first venture overseas, tearing down promotional posters before a concert appearance in London.
A legal battle with former manager Mike Appel kept Springsteen out of the studio for nearly a year, during which time he kept the E Street Band together through extensive touring across the U.S. Despite the optimistic fervor with which he often performed, his new songs had taken a more somber tone than much of his previous work. Reaching settlement with Appel in 1977, Springsteen returned to the studio, and the subsequent sessions produced Darkness on the Edge of Town (1978). Musically, this album was a turning point in Springsteen's career. Gone were the raw, rapid-fire lyrics, outsized characters and long, multi-part musical compositions of the first two albums; now the songs were leaner and more carefully drawn and began to reflect Springsteen's growing intellectual and political awareness. The cross-country 1978 tour to promote the album would become legendary for the intensity and length of its shows.[citation needed]
By the late 1970s, Springsteen had earned a reputation in the pop world as a songwriter whose material could provide hits for other bands. Manfred Mann's Earth Band had achieved a U.S. No. 1 pop hit with a heavily rearranged version of Greetings' "Blinded by the Light" in early 1977. Patti Smith reached No. 13 with her take on Springsteen's unreleased "Because the Night" (with revised lyrics by Smith) in 1978, while The Pointer Sisters hit No. 2 in 1979 with Springsteen's also unreleased "Fire".
In September 1979, Springsteen and the E Street Band joined the Musicians United for Safe Energy anti-nuclear power collective at Madison Square Garden for two nights, playing an abbreviated set while premiering two songs from his upcoming album. The subsequent No Nukes live album, as well as the following summer's No Nukes documentary film, represented the first official recordings and footage of Springsteen's fabled live act, as well as Springsteen's first tentative dip into political involvement.
Springsteen continued to consolidate his thematic focus on working-class life with the 20-song double album The River in 1980, which included an intentionally paradoxical range of material from good-time party rockers to emotionally intense ballads, and finally yielded his first hit Top Ten single as a performer, "Hungry Heart". This album marked a shift in Springsteen's music toward a pop-rock sound that was all but missing from any of his earlier work.[citation needed]This is apparent in the stylistic adoption of certain eighties pop-rock hallmarks like the reverberating-tenor drums, very basic percussion/guitar and repetitive lyrics apparent in many of the tracks. The title song pointed to Springsteen's intellectual direction, while a couple of the lesser-known tracks presaged his musical direction. The album sold well, becoming his first topper on the Billboard Pop Albums chart, and a long tour in 1980 and 1981 followed, featuring Springsteen's first extended playing of Europe and ending with a series of multi-night arena stands in major cities in the U.S.
The River was followed in 1982 by the stark solo acoustic Nebraska. Recording sessions had been held to expand on a demo tape Springsteen had made at his home on a simple, low-tech four-track tape deck. However during the recording process Springsteen and producer Landau realized the songs worked better as solo acoustic numbers than full band renditions and the original demo tape was released as the album. Although the recordings of the E Street Band were shelved, other songs from these sessions would later be released, including "Born in the U.S.A." and "Glory Days". According to the Marsh biographies, Springsteen was in a depressed state when he wrote this material, and the result is a brutal depiction of American life. While Nebraska did not sell as well as Springsteen's two previous albums, it garnered widespread critical praise (including being named "Album of the Year" by Rolling Stone magazine's critics) and influenced later significant works by other major artists, including U2's album The Joshua Tree. It helped inspire the musical genre known as lo-fi music, becoming a cult favorite among indie-rockers. Springsteen did not tour in conjunction with Nebraska's release.
1984–1991: Commercial and popular phenomenon[link]
Springsteen probably is best known for his album Born in the U.S.A. (1984), which sold 15 million copies in the U.S. and became one of the best-selling albums of all time, with seven singles hitting the Top 10, and the massively successful world tour that followed it. The title track was a bitter commentary on the treatment of Vietnam veterans, some of whom were Springsteen's friends and bandmates. The lyrics in the verses were entirely unambiguous when listened to, but the anthemic music and the title of the song made it hard for many, from politicians to the common person, to get the lyrics—except those in the chorus, which could be read many ways.[21] The song was widely misinterpreted as jingoistic, and in connection with the 1984 presidential campaign became the subject of considerable folklore. Springsteen also turned down several million dollars offered by the Chrysler Corporation to use the song in a car commercial. (In later years, to eliminate the bombast and make the song's original meaning more explicitly clear, Springsteen performed the song accompanied only by acoustic guitar. An acoustic version also appeared on Tracks, a later album.) "Dancing in the Dark" was the biggest of seven hit singles from Born in the U.S.A., peaking at No. 2 on the Billboard music charts. The music video for the song featured a young Courteney Cox dancing on stage with Springsteen, an appearance which helped kickstart the actress's career. The song "Cover Me" was written by Springsteen for Donna Summer, but his record company persuaded him to keep it for the new album. A big fan of Summer's work, Springsteen wrote another song for her, "Protection". Videos for the album were made by noted film directors Brian De Palma and John Sayles. Springsteen was featured on the "We Are the World" song and album in 1985. His live single "Trapped" from that album received moderate airplay on U.S. Top 40 stations as well as reaching No. 1 on the Billboard Top Rock Tracks chart.[22]
During the Born in the U.S.A. Tour, Springsteen met actress Julianne Phillips, whom he would marry in 1985.
The Born in the U.S.A. period represented the height of Springsteen's visibility in popular culture and the broadest audience demographic he would ever reach (aided by the release of Arthur Baker's dance mixes of three of the singles). Live/1975–85, a five-record box set (also on three cassettes or three CDs), was released near the end of 1986 and became the first box set to debut at No. 1 on the U.S. album charts. It is one of the most commercially successful live albums of all time, ultimately selling 13 million units in the U.S. Live/1975–85 summed up Springsteen's career to that point and displayed some of the elements that made his shows so powerful to his fans: the switching from mournful dirges to party rockers and back; the communal sense of purpose between artist and audience; the long, intense spoken passages before songs, including those describing Springsteen's difficult relationship with his father; and the instrumental prowess of the E Street Band, such as in the long coda to "Racing in the Street". Despite its popularity, some fans and critics felt the album's song selection could have been better. Springsteen concerts are the subjects of frequent bootleg recording and trading among fans.
During the 1980s, several Springsteen fanzines were launched, including Backstreets magazine, which started in Seattle and continues today as a glossy publication, now in communication with Springsteen's management and official website.
After this commercial peak, Springsteen released the much more sedate and contemplative Tunnel of Love album (1987), a mature reflection on the many faces of love found, lost and squandered, which only selectively used the E Street Band. It presaged the breakup of his marriage to Julianne Phillips and described some of his unhappinesses in the relationship. Reflecting the challenges of love in "Brilliant Disguise", Springsteen sang:
| “ | I heard somebody call your name, from underneath our willow. I saw something tucked in shame, underneath your pillow. Well I've tried so hard baby, but I just can't see. What a woman like you is doing with me. | ” |
The subsequent Tunnel of Love Express tour shook up fans with changes to the stage layout, favorites dropped from the set list, and horn-based arrangements. During the European leg in 1988, Springsteen's relationship with backup singer Patti Scialfa became public and Phillips and Springsteen filed for divorce in 1988.[23] Later in 1988, Springsteen headlined the worldwide Human Rights Now! tour for Amnesty International. In late 1989 he dissolved the E Street Band, and he and Scialfa relocated to California, marrying in 1991.
1992–2001: Artistic and commercial ups and downs[link]
In 1992, after risking fan accusations of "going Hollywood" by moving to Los Angeles (a radical move for someone so linked to the blue-collar life of the Jersey Shore) and working with session musicians, Springsteen released two albums at once. Human Touch and Lucky Town were even more introspective than any of his previous work and displayed a newly revealed confidence. As opposed to his first two albums, which dreamed of happiness, and his next four, which showed him growing to fear it, at points during the Lucky Town album, Springsteen actually claims happiness for himself.
An electric band appearance on the acoustic MTV Unplugged television program (later released as In Concert/MTV Plugged) was poorly received and further cemented fan dissatisfaction. Springsteen seemed to realize this a few years hence when he spoke humorously of his late father during his Rock and Roll Hall of Fame acceptance speech:
| “ | I've gotta thank him because – what would I conceivably have written about without him? I mean, you can imagine that if everything had gone great between us, we would have had disaster. I would have written just happy songs – and I tried it in the early '90s and it didn't work; the public didn't like it.[24] | ” |
A multiple Grammy Award winner, Springsteen also won an Academy Award in 1994 for his song "Streets of Philadelphia", which appeared the soundtrack to the film Philadelphia. The song, along with the film, was applauded by many for its sympathetic portrayal of a gay man dying of AIDS.[citation needed] The music video for the song shows Springsteen's actual vocal performance, recorded using a hidden microphone, to a prerecorded instrumental track.[citation needed] This technique was developed on the "Brilliant Disguise" video.
In 1995, after temporarily re-organizing the E Street Band for a few new songs recorded for his first Greatest Hits album (a recording session that was chronicled in the documentary Blood Brothers), he released his second (mostly) solo guitar album, The Ghost of Tom Joad, inspired by John Steinbeck's The Grapes of Wrath and by Journey to Nowhere: The Saga of the New Underclass, a book by Pulitzer Prize-winners author Dale Maharidge and photographer Michael Williamson. This was generally less well-received than the similar Nebraska, due to the minimal melody, twangy vocals, and political nature of most of the songs, although some praised it for giving voice to immigrants and others who rarely have one in American culture. The lengthy, worldwide, small-venue solo acoustic Ghost of Tom Joad Tour that followed successfully featured many of his older songs in drastically reshaped acoustic form, although Springsteen had to explicitly remind his audiences to be quiet and not to clap during the performances.
Following the tour, Springsteen moved back to New Jersey with his family.[25] In 1998, Springsteen released the sprawling, four-disc box set of out-takes, Tracks. Subsequently, Springsteen would acknowledge that the 1990s were a "lost period" for him: "I didn't do a lot of work. Some people would say I didn't do my best work."[26]
Springsteen was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 1999 by Bono of U2, a favor he returned in 2005.
In 1999, Springsteen and the E Street Band officially came together again and went on the extensive Reunion Tour, lasting over a year. Highlights included a record sold-out, 15-show run at Continental Airlines Arena in East Rutherford, New Jersey and a ten-night, sold-out engagement at New York City's Madison Square Garden which ended the tour. The final two shows were recorded for an HBO Concert, with corresponding DVD and album releases as Bruce Springsteen & the E Street Band: Live in New York City. A new song, "American Skin (41 Shots)", about the police shooting of Amadou Diallo which was played at these shows proved controversial.
In November 2000, Springsteen filed legal action against Jeff Burgar which accused him of registering the domain brucespringsteen.com (along with several other celebrity domains) in bad faith to funnel web users to his Celebrity 1000 portal site. Once the legal complaint was filed, Burgar pointed the domain to a Springsteen biography and message board. In February 2001, Springsteen lost his dispute with Burgar. A WIPO panel ruled 2 to 1 in favor of Burgar.[27][28]
On Labor Day 2001 Springsteen played at Donovan's Reef in Sea Bright, NJ, surprising a local cover band named Brian Kirk and the Jerks and performed "Rosalita" with them showing his support and love.
2002–2007: Return to success[link]
File:RisingTourGiantsStadiumLot.jpg
The scene outside the Giants Stadium parking lot for banner-marked, record-setting, 10-night stand of The Rising Tour during July 2003.
In 2002, Springsteen released his first studio effort with the full band in 18 years, The Rising, produced by Brendan O'Brien. The album, mostly a reflection on the September 11 attacks, was a critical and popular success. (Many of the songs were influenced by phone conversations Springsteen had with family members of victims of the attacks who in their obituaries had mentioned how his music touched their lives.) The title track gained airplay in several radio formats, and the record became Springsteen's best-selling album of new material in 15 years. Kicked off by an early-morning Asbury Park appearance on The Today Show, The Rising Tour commenced, barnstorming through a series of single-night arena stands in the U.S. and Europe to promote the album in 2002, then returning for large-scale, multiple-night stadium shows in 2003. While Springsteen had maintained a loyal hardcore fan base everywhere (and particularly in Europe), his general popularity had dipped over the years in some southern and midwestern regions of the U.S. But it was still strong in Europe and along the U.S. coasts, and he played an unprecedented 10 nights in Giants Stadium in New Jersey, a ticket-selling feat to which no other musical act has come close.[29] During these shows Springsteen thanked those fans who were attending multiple shows and those who were coming from long distances or another country; the advent of robust Bruce-oriented online communities had made such practices more common. The Rising Tour came to a final conclusion with three nights in Shea Stadium, highlighted by renewed controversy over "American Skin" and a guest appearance by Bob Dylan.
During the early 2000s, Springsteen became a visible advocate for the revitalization of Asbury Park, and played an annual series of winter holiday concerts there to benefit various local businesses, organizations, and causes. These shows were explicitly intended for the devoted fans, featuring numbers such as the E Street Shuffle outtake "Thundercrack", a rollicking group-participation song that would mystify casual Springsteen fans. He also frequently rehearses for tours in Asbury Park; some of his most devoted followers even go so far as to stand outside the building to hear what fragments they can of the upcoming shows. The song "My City of Ruins" was originally written about Asbury Park, in honor of the attempts to revitalize the city. Looking for an appropriate song for a post-Sept. 11 benefit concert honoring New York City, he selected "My City of Ruins", which was immediately recognized as an emotional highlight of the concert, with its gospel themes and its heartfelt exhortations to "Rise up!" The song became associated with post-9/11 New York, and he chose it to close The Rising album and as an encore on the subsequent tour.
At the Grammy Awards of 2003, Springsteen performed The Clash's "London Calling" along with Elvis Costello, Dave Grohl, and E Street Band member Steven Van Zandt and No Doubt's bassist, Tony Kanal, in tribute to Joe Strummer; Springsteen and the Clash had once been considered multiple-album-dueling rivals at the time of the double The River and the triple Sandinista!. In 2004, Springsteen and the E Street Band participated in the "Vote for Change" tour, along with John Mellencamp, John Fogerty, the Dixie Chicks, Pearl Jam, R.E.M., Bright Eyes, the Dave Matthews Band, Jackson Browne, and other musicians. All concerts were to be held in swing states, to benefit the liberalism political organization group America Coming Together and to encourage people to register and vote. A finale was held in Washington, D.C., bringing many of the artists together. Several days later, Springsteen held one more such concert in New Jersey, when polls showed that state surprisingly close. While in past years Springsteen had played benefits for causes in which he believed – against nuclear energy, for Vietnam veterans, Amnesty International, and the Christic Institute – he had always refrained from explicitly endorsing candidates for political office (indeed he had rejected the efforts of Walter Mondale to attract an endorsement during the 1984 Reagan "Born in the U.S.A." flap). This new stance led to criticism and praise from the expected partisan sources. Springsteen's "No Surrender" became the main campaign theme song for John Kerry's unsuccessful presidential campaign; in the last days of the campaign, he performed acoustic versions of the song and some of his other old songs at Kerry rallies.
Devils & Dust was released on April 26, 2005, and was recorded without the E Street Band. It is a low-key, mostly acoustic album, in the same vein as Nebraska and The Ghost of Tom Joad although with a little more instrumentation. Some of the material was written almost 10 years earlier during, or shortly after, the Ghost of Tom Joad Tour, a couple of them being performed then but never released.[30] The title track concerns an ordinary soldier's feelings and fears during the Iraq War. Starbucks rejected a co-branding deal for the album, due in part to some sexually explicit content but also because of Springsteen's anti-corporate politics. The album entered the album charts at No. 1 in 10 countries (United States, Austria, Switzerland, Sweden, Denmark, Italy, Germany, the Netherlands, the United Kingdom, and Ireland). Springsteen began the solo Devils & Dust Tour at the same time as the album's release, playing both small and large venues. Attendance was disappointing in a few regions, and everywhere (other than in Europe) tickets were easier to get than in the past. Unlike his mid-1990s solo tour, he performed on piano, electric piano, pump organ, autoharp, ukulele, banjo, electric guitar, and stomping board, as well as acoustic guitar and harmonica, adding variety to the solo sound. (Offstage synthesizer, guitar, and percussion were also used for some songs.) Unearthly renditions of "Reason to Believe", "The Promised Land", and Suicide's "Dream Baby Dream" jolted audiences to attention, while rarities, frequent set list changes, and a willingness to keep trying even through audible piano mistakes kept most of his loyal audiences happy.
In November 2005, Sirius Satellite Radio started a 24-hour, seven-day-a-week radio station on Channel 10 called E Street Radio. This channel featured commercial-free Bruce Springsteen music, including rare tracks, interviews, and daily concerts of Bruce Springsteen & the E Street Band recorded throughout their career.
In April 2006, Springsteen released We Shall Overcome: The Seeger Sessions, an American roots music project focused around a big folk sound treatment of 15 songs popularized by the radical musical activism of Pete Seeger. It was recorded with a large ensemble of musicians including only Patti Scialfa, Soozie Tyrell, and The Miami Horns from past efforts. In contrast to previous albums, this was recorded in only three one-day sessions, and frequently one can hear Springsteen calling out key changes live as the band explores its way through the tracks. The Bruce Springsteen with The Seeger Sessions Band Tour began the same month, featuring the 18-strong ensemble of musicians dubbed The Seeger Sessions Band (and later shortened to The Sessions Band). Seeger Sessions material was heavily featured, as well as a handful of (usually drastically rearranged) Springsteen numbers. The tour proved very popular in Europe, selling out everywhere and receiving some excellent reviews,[31] but newspapers reported that a number of U.S. shows suffered from sparse attendance.[32][33][34] By the end of 2006, the Seeger Sessions tour toured Europe twice and toured America for only a short span. Bruce Springsteen with The Sessions Band: Live in Dublin, containing selections from three nights of November 2006 shows at The Point Theatre in Dublin, Ireland, was released the following June.
Springsteen's next album, titled Magic, was released on October 2, 2007. Recorded with the E Street Band, it featured 10 new Springsteen songs plus "Long Walk Home", performed once with the Sessions band, and a hidden track (the first included on a Springsteen studio release), "Terry's Song", a tribute to Springsteen's long-time assistant Terry Magovern, who died on July 30, 2007.[35] The first single, "Radio Nowhere", was made available for a free download on August 28. On October 7, Magic debuted at No. 1 in Ireland and the UK. Greatest Hits reentered the Irish charts at No. 57, and Live in Dublin almost cracked the top 20 in Norway again. Sirius Satellite Radio also restarted E Street Radio on Channel 10 on September 27, 2007, in anticipation of Magic.[36] Radio conglomerate Clear Channel Communications was alleged to have sent an edict to its classic rock stations to not play any songs from the new album, while continuing to play older Springsteen material. However, Clear Channel Adult Alternative (or "AAA") station KBCO did play tracks from the album, undermining the allegations of a corporate blackout.[37] The Springsteen and E Street Band Magic Tour began at the Hartford Civic Center with the album's release and continued through North America and Europe. Springsteen and the band performed live[38] on NBC's Today Show in advance of the opener. Longtime E Street Band organist Danny Federici left the tour in November 2007 to pursue treatment for melanoma[39] from which he would die in 2008.[40]
2008–present: Recent activities[link]
Springsteen at a rally for the presidential candidate Barack Obama
Cleveland, Ohio on November 2, 2008
Springsteen supported Barack Obama's 2008 presidential campaign, announcing his endorsement in April 2008[41] and going on to appear at several Obama rallies as well as performing several solo acoustic performances in support of Obama's campaign throughout 2008,[42] culminating with a November 2 rally where he debuted "Working On A Dream" in a duet with Scialfa.[43] At an Ohio rally, Springsteen discussed the importance of "truth, transparency and integrity in government, the right of every American to have a job, a living wage, to be educated in a decent school, and a life filled with the dignity of work, the promise and the sanctity of home...But today those freedoms have been damaged and curtailed by eight years of a thoughtless, reckless and morally-adrift administration."[44]
Following Obama's electoral victory on November 4, Springsteen's song "The Rising" was the first song played over the loudspeakers after Obama's victory speech in Chicago's Grant Park. Springsteen was the musical opener for the Obama Inaugural Celebration on January 18, 2009 which was attended by over 400,000.[45] He performed "The Rising" with an all-female choir. Later he performed Woody Guthrie's "This Land Is Your Land" with Pete Seeger.
On June 18, 2008, Springsteen appeared live from Europe at the Tim Russert tribute at the Kennedy Center in Washington, D.C., to play one of Russert's favorite songs, "Thunder Road". Springsteen dedicated the song to Russert, who was "one of Springsteen's biggest fans."[citation needed]
On January 11, 2009, Springsteen won the Golden Globe Award for Best Song for "The Wrestler", from the Mickey Rourke film by the same name.[46] After receiving a heartfelt letter from Mickey Rourke, Springsteen supplied the song for the film for free.[47]
Springsteen performed at the halftime show at Super Bowl XLIII on February 1, 2009,[48] agreeing to do it after many previous offers.[49] A few days before the game, Springsteen gave a rare press conference, where he promised a "twelve-minute party."[50][51] His 12:45 set, with the E Street Band and the Miami Horns, included abbreviated renditions of "Tenth Avenue Freeze-Out"", "Born to Run", "Working on a Dream", and "Glory Days", the latter complete with football references. The set of appearances and promotional activities led Springsteen to say, "This has probably been the busiest month of my life."[52]
Springsteen's Working on a Dream album was released in late January 2009[53] and the supporting Working on a Dream Tour ran from April 2009 until November 2009. The tour featured few songs from the new album, with instead set lists dominated by classics and selections reflecting the ongoing late-2000s recession.[54] The tour also featured Springsteen playing songs requested by audience members holding up signs as on the final stages of the Magic Tour.[54] Drummer Max Weinberg was replaced for some shows by his 18-year-old son Jay Weinberg, so that the former could serve his role as bandleader on The Tonight Show with Conan O'Brien.[54] During this tour, Springsteen and the band made their first real foray in the world of music festivals, headlining nights at the Pinkpop Festival in the Netherlands, Festival des Vieilles Charrues in France, the Bonnaroo Music Festival in the United States and the Glastonbury Festival in the UK[55] and Hard Rock Calling in the UK.[56] Several shows on the tour featured full album presentations of Born to Run, Darkness on the Edge of Town, or Born in the U.S.A.[57] The band performed a stretch of five final shows at his homestate Giants Stadium, opening with a new song highlighting the historic stadium, and his Jersey roots, named "Wrecking Ball".[58] The tour ended as scheduled in Buffalo, NY in November 2009 amid speculation that it was the last performance ever by the E Street Band, but during the show Springsteen said it was goodbye “for a little while.”[59] A DVD from the Working on a Dream Tour entitled London Calling: Live in Hyde Park was released in 2010.
In addition to his own touring, Springsteen made a number of appearances at tribute and benefit concerts during 2009, including The Clearwater Concert, a celebration of Pete Seeger's 90th birthday, the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame's 25th anniversary benefit concert,[60] a benefit for the advocacy group Autism Speaks at Carnegie Hall.[61] On January 22, 2010, he joined many well-known artists to perform on Hope for Haiti Now: A Global Benefit for Earthquake Relief,[62] organized by George Clooney to raise money to help the victims of the 2010 Haiti earthquake.
File:American Land ESB Fireworks Giants 100309.jpg
Fireworks go off at the conclusion of the "E! Street! Band!" exhortation during the final shows at Giants Stadium.
In 2009, Springsteen performed in The People Speak, a documentary feature film that uses dramatic and musical performances of the letters, diaries, and speeches of everyday Americans, based on historian Howard Zinn's A People's History of the United States.[63]
Springsteen was among the recipients of the Kennedy Center Honors, an annual award to figures from the world of arts for their contribution to American culture, in December 2009.[64] President Obama gave a speech in which he talked about how Springsteen has incorporated the life of regular Americans in his expansive pallette of songs and how his concerts are beyond the typical rock-and-roll concerts, how, apart from being high-energy concerts, they are "communions". He ended the remark "while I am the president, he is The Boss". Tributes were paid by several well-known celebrities including Jon Stewart (who described Springsteen's "unprecedented combination of lyrical eloquence, musical mastery and sheer unbridled, unadulterated joy"). A musical tribute featured John Mellencamp, Ben Harper, and Jennifer Nettles, Melissa Etheridge, Eddie Vedder, and Sting.
The 2000s ended with Springsteen being named one of eight Artists of the Decade by Rolling Stone magazine[65] and with Springsteen's tours ranking him fourth among artists in total concert grosses for the decade.[66]
In September 2010, a documentary about the making of his 1978 album Darkness on The Edge of Town was premiered at the Toronto International Film Festival. The film, The Promise: The Making of Darkness on the Edge of Town, was included in a box set reissue of the album, entitled The Promise: The Darkness on the Edge of Town Story, released in November 2010. Also airing on HBO, the documentary explored Springsteen's making of the acclaimed album, and his role in the production and development of the tracks.
Springsteen has finished his next studio album with Ron Aniello,[67] who also co-produced the 2007 album Play It As It Lays, by Springsteen's wife, Patti Scialfa. Ron Aniello also produced "Children's Song" early in 2011, a duet with Springsteen and Scialfa, which was done for a charity project.
Clarence Clemons, the E Street Band's saxophonist since 1972, died on June 18, 2011, of complications from a stroke. “Clarence lived a wonderful life,” Springsteen said in a statement. “He carried within him a love of people that made them love him. He created a wondrous and extended family. He loved the saxophone, loved our fans and gave everything he had every night he stepped on stage.”[68]
Springsteen's 17th studio album, Wrecking Ball, was released on March 6, 2012. On January 13, 2012, Hollywood Reporter released an article describing the sound of the new album. According to the article, the album is Springsteen at his angriest yet and addresses economic justice quite a bit. The article describes the album musically as being very rock-and-roll with unexpected textures, loops, electronic percussion and a variety of influences.[69] The album consists of eleven tracks plus two bonus tracks. Three songs previously only available as live versions, "Wrecking Ball", "Land of Hope and Dreams," and "American Land," appear on the album.[70] The album's first single, "We Take Care of Our Own", was released on January 19, 2012.
On January 24, 2012, Springsteen's official web site announced that the E Street Band will commence a world tour called the Wrecking Ball Tour on March 18, 2012, in Atlanta. The tour will run through at least July 31, 2012, and will consist of at least two legs featuring 51 dates, although the headline "First US Leg of 2012 World Tour" may imply that the tour will continue into autumn 2012 or beyond.[71] As tickets for the first U.S. dates went on sale, many fans were unable to obtain tickets, much like for the 2009 Working on a Dream Tour, allegedly due to a heavy volume of ticket scalpers. Shows sold out within minutes and many tickets appeared, at much higher prices, on resale websites such as StubHub less than an hour after the onsale time. Ticketmaster said web traffic was 2.5 times the highest level of the past year during the online sales and suggested that scalpers played a big role. U.S. Representative Bill Pascrell has called for stronger government oversight of online box offices. Pascrell introduced the BOSS ACT in 2009 to increase transparency in the ticket industry. Pascrell said he would reintroduce the bill to Congress.[72][73]
"Rocky Ground" has been announced as the second single from Wrecking Ball and will be released exclusively as part of Record Store Day on April 21, 2012.
Wrecking Ball became Springsteen's tenth No. 1 album in the United States tying him with Elvis Presley for third most No. 1 albums of all-time. Only The Beatles (19) and Jay-Z (12) have more No. 1 albums. Wrecking Ball knocked out Adele's Grammy winning album, 21 after 23 nonconsecutive weeks at #1.[74]
On March 15, 2012, Springsteen was the keynote speaker at the annual SXSW Conference in Austin, Texas.
Musical style[link]
Bruce Springsteen draws on many musical influences from the reservoir of traditional American popular music, folk, blues and country. From the beginning, rock and roll has been the dominant influence. On his debut album, Greetings from Asbury Park, New Jersey, the folk-influence is clear. An example of the influence of this music genre to Springsteen's music is his song "This Hard Land" which demonstrates a clear influence of the style of Woody Guthrie.[citation needed]
He expanded the range of his musical compositions on his second album, The Wild, the Innocent & the E Street Shuffle.[citation needed] Elements of Latin American music, jazz, soul, and funk influences can be heard; the song "New York City Serenade" is even reminiscent of the music of George Gershwin. These two records prominently featured pianist David Sancious, who left the band shortly into the recording of Springsteen's third album, Born To Run. This album, however, also emphasized the piano, the responsibility now of Roy Bittan.
Earlier in his career, Springsteen has focused more on the rock elements of his music. He initially compressed the sound and developed Darkness On The Edge Of Town just as straightforward as concise musical idiom, for the simple riffs, hard rock guitar solos and clearly recognizable song structures are dominant. He also drew upon a few influences from punk rock on the album, as can be heard on the heavy rhythm following the bridge solo on 'Candy's Room'.[citation needed] His music has been categorized as heartland rock, a style typified by Springsteen, John Fogerty, Tom Petty, Bob Seger, and John Mellencamp. This music has a lyrical reference to the U.S. everyday and the music is kept rather simple and straightforward. This development culminated with Springsteen's hit album Born in the U.S.A., the title song of which has a constantly repeating, fanfare-like keyboard riff and a pounding drum beat. These sounds fit with Springsteen's voice: it cries to the listener the unsentimental story of a disenchanted angry figure. Even songs that can be argued to be album tracks proved to be singles that enjoyed some chart success, such as "My Hometown" and "I'm on Fire", in which the drum line is formed from subtle hi-hat and rim-clicks-shock (shock at the edge of the snare drum) accompanied by synthesizer and Springsteen's soft guitar line. The album, along with some previous records such as "Cadillac Ranch" showed clear rockabilly influences as is evident from his guitar solos, in-fills and vocal styles on these. Another clear influence of early rock n roll on Springsteen's music is evident on the song "Light of Day".
In recent years, Springsteen has changed his music further.[citation needed] There are more folk elements up to the gospel to be heard. His last solo album, Devils and Dust, drew rave reviews not only for Springsteen's complex songwriting, but also for his expressive and sensitive singing.
On the album We Shall Overcome: The Seeger Sessions Springsteen performs folk classics with a folk band, rather than his usual E Street Band. On his ensuing tour he also interpreted some of his own rock songs in a folk style.[citation needed]
The 2007 album Magic was a reflection on the old stadium rock attitude and with its lush arrangements was almost designed to be performed at large stadiums, which also succeeded on the corresponding tour.[citation needed]
Lyrical themes[link]
| "I spent most of my life as a musician measuring the distance between the American dream and American reality" |
| —Bruce Springsteen[75][C] |
Often described as cinematographic in their scope, Springsteen's lyrics frequently explore highly personal themes such as individual commitment, dissatisfaction and dismay with life in a context of every day situations.[76]
It has been recognized that there was a shift in his lyrical approach starting with the album Darkness on the Edge of Town, in which he focused on the emotional struggles of working class life.[77][78]
Politics and activism[link]
Springsteen's music has often contained political themes reflecting his responses to the events occurring around him. A number of these songs contributed to Springsteen’s stardom; many songs cannot be explained without including Springsteen’s political views. The following are a chronological order of the political and activist causes Springsteen has publicly campaigned for:
September 19–23, 1979: Springsteen and the E Street Band joined the Musicians United for Safe Energy anti-nuclear power collective at Madison Square Garden.
August 20, 1981: A Night For The Vietnam Veterans for the Vietnam Veterans’ Association as an appeal to help “heal the physical and psychological wounds inflicted on the soldiers who fought the nation’s most unpopular war”.[79][80]
1984: Turned down several million dollars offered by the Chrysler Corporation to use the song "Born in the U.S.A." in a car commercial.
1985: Featured on the "We Are the World" song and album
1988: Headlined the worldwide Human Rights Now! tour for Amnesty International.
2004: "No Surrender" became the main campaign theme song for John Kerry's unsuccessful presidential campaign; in the last days of the campaign, he performed acoustic versions of the song and some of his other old songs at Kerry rallies.
April 2008: Springsteen announced his endorsement supporting Barack Obama's 2008 presidential campaign.[81] Throughout the year, he showed his support by attending several rallies and performing in support of Obama’s campaign.
2009: Springsteen contributed to the soundtrack of The People Speak by playing guitar and harmonica.
January 2009: Springsteen was the musical opener for the Obama Inaugural Celebration.
May 3, 2009: Springsteen made an appearance at The Clearwater Concert.
October 29 & 30, 2009: Springsteen made an appearance at the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame's 25th anniversary benefit concert.[82]
January 22, 2010: Springsteen made an appearance at Hope for Haiti Now: A Global Benefit for Earthquake Relief.[83]
Springsteen has additionally been associated with various local food banks, particularly with the New Jersey Food bank for many years. During concerts, he usually breaks the routine to announce his support and later matches the total collection during the concert with his own money. During his Charlotte, North Carolina concert on November 3, 2009, he started with a $10,000 donation for the local food bank to start the collections process – which he again matched later.
He has made substantial financial contributions to various workers' unions both in America and in Europe.
Springsteen is a strong supporter of gay rights, particularly marriage equality. In 2009, he urged lawmakers to legalize gay marriage, later posting on his website "I've long believed in and have always spoken out for the rights of same-sex couples".[84]
Personal life[link]
Springsteen and Julianne Phillips (born May 6, 1960) were married from May 13, 1985 to May 1988, when they separated.[85] The two were opposites in background and his traveling took its toll on their relationship. The final blow came when Springsteen began an affair with Patti Scialfa (born July 29, 1953), whom he had dated briefly in 1984 shortly after she joined the band. Phillips and Springsteen separated in the spring of 1988 without making an announcement to the press, and on August 30, 1988, Julianne filed for divorce. The Springsteen/Phillips divorce was finalized on March 1, 1989.
After the separation in 1988, Springsteen began living with Scialfa. Springsteen received press criticism for the hastiness in which he and Scialfa took up their relationship. In a 1995 interview with The Advocate, Springsteen spoke about the negative publicity the couple subsequently received. "It's a strange society that assumes it has the right to tell people whom they should love and whom they shouldn't. But the truth is, I basically ignored the entire thing as much as I could. I said, 'Well, all I know is, this feels real, and maybe I have got a mess going here in some fashion, but that's life.'" He also noted that, "I went through a divorce, and it was really difficult and painful and I was very frightened about getting married again. So part of me said, 'Hey, what does it matter?' But it does matter. It's very different than just living together. First of all, stepping up publicly- which is what you do: You get your license, you do all the social rituals- is a part of your place in society and in some way part of society's acceptance of you...Patti and I both found that it did mean something."[86]
On July 25, 1990 Scialfa gave birth to the couple's first child, Evan James Springsteen. On June 8, 1991 Springsteen and Scialfa married at their Beverly Hills home. Their second child, Jessica Rae Springsteen, was born on December 30, 1991; and their third child, Samuel Ryan Springsteen, was born on January 5, 1994.[87] The family owns and lives on a horse farm in Colts Neck, New Jersey. They also own homes in Wellington, Florida, a wealthy horse community near West Palm Beach, Los Angeles and Rumson, New Jersey. Their eldest son, Evan, attends Boston College. Their daughter Jessica is a nationally ranked champion equestrian,[88] and attends Duke University.
Since 1991, Springsteen has led a relatively quiet life for a well-known popular performer and artist.[89] He moved from Los Angeles to New Jersey in the early 1990s specifically to raise a family in a non-paparazzi environment.[89] It has been reported that the press conference regarding the 2009 Super Bowl XLIII half-time show was his first press conference for more than 25 years.[90] However, he has appeared in a few radio interviews, most notably on NPR and BBC.[citation needed] 60 Minutes aired his last extensive interview on TV[91] before his tour to support his album, Magic.
Bands[link]
Bruce Springsteen has been a member of, or has been backed by, several bands during his career, most notably The E Street Band.
His earliest known band is The Castiles.
Prior to signing his first record deal in 1972, Springsteen was a member of several bands including Steel Mill. In October 1972 he formed a new band for the recording of his debut album Greetings from Asbury Park, N.J., which became known as The E Street Band, although the name was not officially introduced until September 1974.[92][93] The E Street Band performed on all of Springsteen's recorded works from his debut until 1982's Nebraska, a solo album on which Springsteen himself played all the instruments.[citation needed] The full band returned for the next album Born in the USA, but there then followed a period from 1988 to 1999 in which albums were recorded with session musicians. The E Street Band were briefly reunited in 1995 for new contributions to the Greatest Hits compilation, and on a more permanent basis from 1999, since which time they have recorded 3 albums together (The Rising, Magic and Working on a Dream) and performed a number of high profile tours.
The 2005 album Devils & Dust was largely a solo recording, with some contribution from session musicians and the 2006 folk rock We Shall Overcome: The Seeger Sessions album was recorded and toured with another band, known as The Sessions Band. In the summer of 2012, Raymond Bernero will join Bruce on the stage at Wrigely Field in Chicago.
Earlier Bands:[94] The Castiles, Earth, Child, Steel Mill, Sundance Blues Band, Dr Zoom and the Sonic Boom, Bruce Springsteen Band.
E Street Band[link]
Main article: E Street Band
Current members:
- Bruce Springsteen – lead vocals, lead and rhythm guitar, harmonica, piano
- Patti Scialfa – backing and duet vocals, acoustic guitar, percussion
- Garry Tallent – bass guitar, tuba
- Roy Bittan – piano, keyboards
- Max Weinberg – drums, percussion
- Steven Van Zandt – lead and rhythm guitar,[95][96] backing vocals, mandolin
- Nils Lofgren – lead and rhythm guitar, pedal steel guitar, backing vocals
With:
- Soozie Tyrell – violin, acoustic guitar, percussion, backing vocals [A]
- Charles Giordano – organ, accordion, glockenspiel[B]
Former members:
- 1973–2011 Clarence Clemons (deceased) – tenor, baritone and soprano saxophones, backing vocals, percussion
- 1973–2008 Danny Federici (deceased) – organ, accordion, backing vocals
Film[link]
Music used in films[link]
Springsteen's music has been used in many films and he has also written and performed several works specifically for films, examples include Philadelphia, Dead Man Walking, Jerry Maguire, and The Wrestler.
| Film | Year of film release | Song(s) | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| Dead End Street | 1982 | "Point Blank", "Hungry Heart" and "Jungleland" | First use of Springsteen's music in film |
| Risky Business | 1983 | Hungry Heart | |
| Baby, It's You | 1983 | "It's Hard To Be A Saint In The City", "The E Street Shuffle", "She's The One" and "Adam Raised A Cain" | Film directed by John Sayles who later directed music videos for songs from Born in the U.S.A. and Tunnel of Love. |
| Ruthless People | 1986 | "Stand on It" (Tracks version) | |
| Light of Day | 1987 | "(Just Around the Corner to the) Light of Day" | Song written for the film. |
| In Country | 1989 | "I'm On Fire" | Film also contained many Springsteen references. |
| Thunderheart | 1992 | "Badlands" (instrumental version) | |
| Honeymoon in Vegas | 1992 | "Viva Las Vegas" | A 1964 song originally recorded by Elvis Presley. |
| Philadelphia | 1993 | "Streets of Philadelphia" | Song written for film. Won an Oscar.[97] |
| Dead Man Walking | 1995 | "Dead Man Walkin'" | Song written for film. Nominated for an Oscar.[98] |
| The Crossing Guard | 1995 | "Missing" | Song was later released in 2003 on The Essential Bruce Springsteen. |
| Jerry Maguire | 1996 | "Secret Garden" | |
| Cop Land | 1997 | "Drive All Night" and "Stolen Car" | Sylvester Stallone's character plays the songs on his turntable. |
| Fierce Creatures | 1997 | "Hungry Heart" | |
| The Wedding Singer | 1998 | "Hungry Heart" | |
| A Night at the Roxbury | 1998 | "Secret Garden" | |
| Big Daddy | 1999 | "Growin' Up" | Played over a montage near the end of the film. |
| Limbo | 1999 | "Lift Me Up" | Another John Sayles film. |
| High Fidelity | 2000 | "The River" and Blues Guitar Riff | Blues riff played by Springsteen, on-screen during his cameo appearance. "Nebraska" played from vinyl on turntable. |
| The Perfect Storm | 2000 | "Hungry Heart" | |
| 25th Hour | 2002 | "The Fuse" | |
| Grand Theft Parsons | 2003 | "Blood Brothers" | |
| Jersey Girl | 2004 | "Jersey Girl" | Cover of the Tom Waits version |
| Reign Over Me | 2007 | "Drive All Night" and "Out In The Street" | The album The River was also well mentioned in the movie. |
| In the Land of Women | 2007 | "Iceman" | [99] |
| The Heartbreak Kid | 2007 | "Rosalita (Come Out Tonight)" | |
| Lucky You | 2007 | "Lucky Town" | |
| The Wrestler | 2008 | "The Wrestler" | Written for the film. The song was awarded a Golden Globe Award for Best Original Song and nominated for the MTV Movie Award as "Best Song From a Movie". |
| Food, Inc. | 2009 | "This Land Is Your Land" | Live version, Bruce Springsteen's performance of the Woody Guthrie song. |
| The Hunter | 2011 | "I'm On Fire" | Willem Dafoe's character sets up a stereo in a tree and uses the song to wake someone sleeping inside the house. |
Films inspired by music[link]
In turn, films have been inspired by his music, including The Indian Runner, written and directed by Sean Penn, which Penn has specifically noted as being inspired by Springsteen's song "Highway Patrolman".[100]
In September 2010, a documentary about the making of his 1978 album Darkness on The Edge of Town was premiered at the Toronto International Film Festival.[101]
Kevin Smith is an admitted "big fan" of fellow New Jersey native Springsteen and named his film Jersey Girl after the Tom Waits song which Springsteen made famous. The song was also used on the soundtrack.
Ricky Gervais and Stephen Merchant have cited Springsteen's "Thunder Road" as having been a heavy influence on their 2010 film Cemetery Junction, employing the song's themes of escape and optimism into their story of 1970s England.
In 2011, Springsteen appears in an independent film made by a local musician Chris Vaughn from New Jersey entitled Jerseyboy Hero where the songwriter/filmmaker documents his journey to get his music out to the world by attempting to reach one of his two local New Jersey legends, Bruce Springsteen or Jon Bon Jovi.[102][103]
Acting[link]
Springsteen made his first on-screen appearance in a brief cameo as himself in High Fidelity in 2000 and it was voted "Best Cameo in a Movie" at the MTV Movie Awards.[104][105]
Discography[link]
Main article: Bruce Springsteen discography
Major studio albums (along with their chart positions in the U.S. Billboard 200 at the time of release):
- 1973: Greetings from Asbury Park, N.J. (No. 60)
- 1973: The Wild, the Innocent & the E Street Shuffle (No. 59)
- 1975: Born to Run (No. 3)
- 1978: Darkness on the Edge of Town (No. 5)
- 1980: The River (No. 1)
- 1982: Nebraska (No. 3)
- 1984: Born in the U.S.A. (No. 1)
- 1987: Tunnel of Love (No. 1)
- 1992: Human Touch (No. 2)
- 1992: Lucky Town (No. 3)
- 1995: The Ghost of Tom Joad (No. 11)
- 2002: The Rising (No. 1)
- 2005: Devils & Dust (No. 1)
- 2006: We Shall Overcome: The Seeger Sessions (No. 3)
- 2007: Magic (No. 1)
- 2009: Working on a Dream (No. 1)
- 2012: Wrecking Ball (No. 1)
Awards and recognition[link]
Grammy Awards[link]
- Springsteen has won 21 Grammy Awards, as follows (years shown are the year the award was given for, not the year in which the ceremony was held):
- Best Rock Vocal Performance, Male, 1984, "Dancing in the Dark"
- Best Rock Vocal Performance, Male, 1987, "Tunnel of Love"
- Song of the Year, 1994, "Streets of Philadelphia"
- Best Rock Song, 1994, "Streets of Philadelphia"
- Best Rock Vocal Performance, Solo, 1994, "Streets of Philadelphia"
- Best Song Written Specifically for a Motion Picture or Television, 1994, "Streets of Philadelphia"
- Best Contemporary Folk Album, 1996, The Ghost of Tom Joad
- Best Rock Album, 2002, The Rising
- Best Rock Song, 2002, "The Rising"
- Best Male Rock Vocal Performance, 2002, "The Rising"
- Best Rock Performance by a Duo or Group with Vocal, 2003, "Disorder in the House" (with Warren Zevon)
- Best Solo Rock Vocal Performance, 2004, "Code of Silence"
- Best Solo Rock Vocal Performance, 2005, "Devils & Dust"
- Best Traditional Folk Album, 2006, The Seeger Sessions: We Shall Overcome
- Best Long Form Music Video, 2006, Wings For Wheels: The Making Of Born to Run
- Best Solo Rock Vocal Performance, 2007, "Radio Nowhere"
- Best Rock Song, 2007, "Radio Nowhere"
- Best Rock Instrumental Performance, 2007, "Once Upon a Time in the West"
- Best Rock Song, 2008, "Girls in Their Summer Clothes"
- Best Solo Rock Vocal Performance, 2009, "Working on a Dream"
- Best Boxed or Special Limited Edition Package, 2011, The Promise: The Darkness on the Edge of Town Story
Golden Globe Awards[link]
- Golden Globe Award for Best Original Song for "Streets of Philadelphia" in 1994.[46]
- Golden Globe Award for Best Original Song for "The Wrestler" in 2009.[46]
Academy Awards[link]
- Academy Award for Best Original Song, 1993, "Streets of Philadelphia" from Philadelphia.[106]
Emmy Awards[link]
- The Bruce Springsteen & the E Street Band: Live In New York City HBO special won two technical Emmy Awards in 2001.[107]
Other recognition[link]
- October 27, 1975: Bruce Springsteen appears simultaneously on the covers of Newsweek and Time
- Polar Music Prize in 1997.[108]
- Inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame, 1999.[109]
- Inducted into the Songwriters Hall of Fame, 1999.[110]
- Inducted into the New Jersey Hall of Fame, 2007.[111]
- "Born to Run" named "The unofficial youth anthem of New Jersey" by the New Jersey state legislature; something Springsteen always found to be ironic, considering that the song "is about leaving New Jersey".[112]
- The minor planet 23990, discovered September 4, 1999, by I. P. Griffin at Auckland, New Zealand, was officially named in his honor.[113]
- Ranked No. 23 on Rolling Stone magazine's 2004 list of the 100 Greatest Artists of All Time.[114]
- Ranked No. 36 on Rolling Stone magazine's 2004 list of the 100 Greatest Singers Of All Time.
- Made Time magazine's 100 Most Influential People Of The Year 2008 list.[115]
- Won Critic's Choice Award for Best Song with "The Wrestler" in 2009.[116]
- Performed at the Super Bowl XLIII half time show.
- Kennedy Center Honors, 2009.
- Rolling Stone magazine also ranked 8 out of 16 Springsteen's studio albums in their 500 Greatest Albums Of All Time list.
- Rolling Stone magazine ranked "Born to Run" and "Thunder Road" in its 500 Greatest Songs Of All Time list, in 21st and 86th, respectively.
- Forbes ranked him 6th in The Celebrity 100 in 2009[117]
- John Steinbeck Award
See also[link]
|
Book: Bruce Springsteen |
| Wikipedia books are collections of articles that can be downloaded or ordered in print. | |
- List of artists who reached number one on the U.S. Mainstream Rock chart
- List of best selling music artists
Notes[link]
- ^ It is not clear if Tyrell is as full-fledged a band member as the others: some credits and press releases list her as "With" or "Special Guest", while some omit her; on the other hand, Springsteen has stated in interviews that "Soozie is with us."
- ^ Also not clear if Giordano is as full-fledged a band member as the others.
- ^ This quote is an extract from Springsteen's speech from the stage at a rally for presidential candidate Barack Obama on November 2, 2008
References[link]
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- ^ "Top Selling Artists". riaa.com. http://www.riaa.com/goldandplatinumdata.php?table=tblTopArt. Retrieved September 4, 2008.
- ^ "spring would literally mean 'jump'; but idiomatically jumping stone is the correct translation.
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- ^ a b Glory Days: Bruce Springsteen in the 1980s. Dave Marsh, 1987, pg. 88–89.
- ^ Editors, "Boss Talk," THE TABLET, February 25, 2012.
- ^ Springsteen. Robert Hilburn, 1985, p. 28.
- ^ "Musicians' best friends to be honored in Freehold". April 17, 2002. http://newstranscript.gmnews.com/news/2002/0417/Front_page/003.html.
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- ^ Cf. Marsh, David, (2003), pp.14, 203, & various.
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- ^ "Springsteen Bandmate on Hiatus for Health Reasons". Reuters. November 22, 2007. http://www.reuters.com/article/musicNews/idUSN2122708620071123. Retrieved March 22, 2008.
- ^ Sean Piccoli (April 17, 2008). "Springsteen concert postponed over bandmate's death". South Florida Sun-Sentinel. http://www.sun-sentinel.com/sfl-418brucespingsteen,0,3217057.story. Retrieved April 17, 2008.
- ^ "Springsteen endorses Obama for president". Associated Press for USA Today. April 16, 2008. http://www.usatoday.com/news/politics/election2008/2008-04-16-springsteen_N.htm?csp=34. Retrieved April 16, 2008.
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- ^ "Bruce Springsteen News – Recording Artists' Eleventh Hour Campaigns – Mostly for Obama". idiomag. November 3, 2008. http://www.idiomag.com/peek/47658/bruce_springsteen. Retrieved November 3, 2008.
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- ^ Bardsley, Garth (January 12, 2009). "How Mickey Rourke Got Bruce Springsteen's 'Wrestler' Song – For Free – MTV Movie News". MTV. http://www.mtv.com/news/articles/1602516/how-mickey-rourke-got-bruce-springsteens-wrestler-song-free.jhtml. Retrieved December 7, 2011.
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- ^ Lustig, Jay (October 10, 2009). "Bruce Springsteen rocks Giants Stadium for the last time". The Star-Ledger. http://www.nj.com/entertainment/music/index.ssf/2009/10/bruce_springsteen_rocks_giants.html. Retrieved October 14, 2009.
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- ^ "Springsteen: Silence Is Unpatriotic – 60 Minutes". CBS News. July 27, 2008. http://www.cbsnews.com/stories/2007/10/04/60minutes/main3330463.shtml. Retrieved August 27, 2010.
- ^ Fricke, David (January 21, 2009). "The Band on Bruce: Their Springsteen". Rolling Stone. http://www.rollingstone.com/news/story/25556603/the_band_on_bruce_their_springsteen/print. Retrieved February 7, 2009. [dead link]
- ^ "Bruce Springsteen Bands: from Rogues to E Street Band, passing from Castiles and Steel Mill". http://www.brucespringsteen.it/e_streetx.htm.
- ^ Greetings from E Street (Book), R Santelli
- ^ Little Steven speaks salon.com. Retrieved January 2, 2008.
- ^ Top Musicians Are Composing Own Curricula washingtonpost.com. Retrieved January 2, 2008.
- ^ IMDB – Philadelphia
- ^ IMDB – Dead Man Walking
- ^ Bruce Springsteen – IMDb
- ^ Gleiberman, Owen (October 11, 1991). "Blood Brothers". Entertainment Weekly. http://www.ew.com/ew/article/0,,315772,00.html. Retrieved November 18, 2008.
- ^ Friedman, Roger (September 15, 2010). "Springsteen’s Big Night in Toronto Has Lots of "Promise"". Showbiz 411. http://www.showbiz411.com/2010/09/15/springsteens-big-night-in-toronto-has-lots-of-promise. Retrieved September 15, 2010.
- ^ Asbury Park Press. [1], Asbury Park Press: Vaughn snags Springsteen for documentary., March 9, 2008.
- ^ Jerseyboy Hero (2011) – Full cast and crew
- ^ Article on cameo in High Fidelity Entertainment Weekly
- ^ Best cameo MTV award
- ^ "Academy Award for Best Original Song 1994". Songwritershalloffame.org. http://www.songwritershalloffame.org/songs/awards/C179. Retrieved August 27, 2010.
- ^ Live in NYC Emmy Awards
- ^ "Polar Music Prize". Polar Music Prize. August 16, 2010. http://www.polarmusicprize.org/newSite/1997.shtml. Retrieved August 27, 2010. [dead link]
- ^ "Rock and Roll Hall of Fame". Rockhall.com. http://www.rockhall.com/inductee/bruce-springsteen. Retrieved August 27, 2010.
- ^ "Songwriter's Hall of Fame". Songwritershalloffame.org. http://www.songwritershalloffame.org/exhibits/C179. Retrieved August 27, 2010.
- ^ Daniel Kreps. "NJ Hall of Fame". Web.archive.org. Archived from the original on June 22, 2008. http://web.archive.org/web/20080622053126/http://www.rollingstone.com/rockdaily/index.php/2008/05/06/bruce-springsteen-inducted-into-new-jersey-hall-of-fame/. Retrieved August 27, 2010.
- ^ "A Brunch O' Bruce". http://www.eonline.com/Features/Features/Bruce/index2.html.
- ^ (23990) Springsteen, IAU Minor Planet Center
- ^ "The Immortals: The First Fifty". Rolling Stone. Archived from the original on August 22, 2008. http://web.archive.org/web/20080822035047/http://www.rollingstone.com/news/story/5940039/the_immortals__the_greatest_artists_of_all_time_23_bruce_springsteen.
- ^ Penn, Sean (April 30, 2009). "Time Magazine". Time. http://www.time.com/time/specials/2007/article/0,28804,1733748_1733752_1735322,00.html. Retrieved August 27, 2010.
- ^ "Bruce Springsteen wins Critics Choice Award for 'The Wrestler' song". NME. UK. January 9, 2009. http://www.nme.com/news/bruce-springsteen/41980. Retrieved August 27, 2010.
- ^ "The Celebrity 100". Forbes. June 3, 2009. http://www.forbes.com/lists/2009/53/celebrity-09_The-Celebrity-100_Rank.html.
Sources[link]
- Alterman, Eric. It Ain't No Sin To Be Glad You're Alive : The Promise of Bruce Springsteen. Little Brown, 1999. ISBN 0-316-03885-7.
- Coles, Robert. Bruce Springsteen's America: The People Listening, a Poet Singing. Random House, 2005. ISBN 0-375-50559-8.
- Cross, Charles R. Backstreets: Springsteen – the man and his music Harmony Books, New York 1989/1992. ISBN 0-517-58929-X. Contains 15+ interviews and a complete list of all Springsteen songs including unreleased compositions. Complete lising of all concerts 1965–1990 – most of them with tracklists. Hundreds of previously unreleased high quality color pictures.
- Cullen, Jim. Born in the U.S.A.: Bruce Springsteen and the American Tradition. 1997; Middletown, CT: Wesleyan University Press, 2005. New edition of 1997 study book places Springsteen's work in the broader context of American history and culture. ISBN 0-8195-6761-2
- Eliot, Marc with Appel, Mike. Down Thunder Road. Simon & Schuster, 1992. ISBN 0-671-86898-5.
- Graff, Gary. The Ties That Bind: Bruce Springsteen A to E to Z. Visible Ink, 2005. ISBN 1-57859-151-1.
- Guterman, Jimmy. Runaway American Dream: Listening to Bruce Springsteen. Da Capo, 2005. ISBN 0-306-81397-1.
- Hilburn, Robert. Springsteen. Rolling Stone Press, 1985. ISBN 0-684-18456-7.
- Knobler, Peter with special assistance from Greg Mitchell. "Who Is Bruce Springsteen and Why Are We Saying All These Wonderful Things About Him?", Crawdaddy, March 1973.
- Marsh, Dave. Bruce Springsteen: Two Hearts : The Definitive Biography, 1972–2003. Routledge, 2003. ISBN 0-415-96928-X. (Consolidation of two previous Marsh biographies, Born to Run (1981) and Glory Days (1987).)
- Wolff, Daniel. July 4, Asbury Park: A History of the Promised Land. Bloomsbury, 2005. ISBN 1-58234-509-0.
Further reading[link]
- Greetings from E Street: The Story of Bruce Springsteen and the E Street Band. Chronicle Books, 2006. ISBN 0-8118-5348-9.
- Days of Hope and Dreams: An Intimate Portrait of Bruce Springsteen. Billboard Books, 2003. ISBN 0-8230-8387-X.
- Racing in the Street: The Bruce Springsteen Reader. Penguin, 2004. ISBN 0-14-200354-9.
- Runaway American Dream: Listening to Bruce Springsteen. Da Capo Press, 2005. ISBN 0-306-81397-1.
- The Ties That Bind: Bruce Springsteen A to E to Z. Visible Ink Press, 2005. ISBN 1-57859-157-0.
- Bruce Springsteen: "Talking". Omnibus Press, 2004. ISBN 1-84449-403-9.
- For You: Original Stories and Photographs by Bruce Springsteen's Legendary Fans. LKC Press, 2007. ISBN 978-0-9784156-0-0.
- Bruce Springsteen on Tour: 1968–2005. by Dave Marsh Bloomsbury USA, 2006. ISBN 978-1-59691-282-3.
- The Gospel according to Bruce Springsteen: Rock and Redemption from Asbury Park to Magic. by Jeffrey B. Symynkywicz. Westminster John Knox Press, 2008. ISBN 978-0-664-23169-9.
- Magic in the Night: The Words and Music of Bruce Springsteen by Rob Kirkpatrick. St. Martin's Griffin, 2009. ISBN 0-312-53380-2.
- Land of Hope and Dreams: Celebrating 25 Years of Bruce Springsteen In Ireland by Greg Lewis and Moira Sharkey. Magic Rat Books. ISBN 978-0-9562722-0-1
- The Light in Darkness. A history of the Darkness on The Edge of Town album and tour. Lawrence Kirsch Communications. 2009 ISBN 978-0-9784156-1-7
External links[link]
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Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Bruce Springsteen |
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Wikiquote has a collection of quotations related to: Bruce Springsteen |
- Official website
- E Street Radio
- Bruce Springsteen at Idiomag 21 12 10
- Bruce Springsteen on National Public Radio in 2005
- Highlights of Springsteen at Glastonbury 2009.
- Bruce Springsteen at NPR Music
- "Library of Hope and Dreams":bibliography of published Springsteen scholarship in English.
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| Persondata | |
|---|---|
| Name | Springsteen, Bruce |
| Alternative names | Bruce Frederick Joseph Springsteen |
| Short description | An American singer-songwriter |
| Date of birth | September 24, 1949 |
| Place of birth | Long Branch, New Jersey, United States |
| Date of death | |
| Place of death | |
http://wn.com/Bruce_Springsteen
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This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, which means that you can copy and modify it as long as the entire work (including additions) remains under this license.
