This article may be expanded with text translated from the corresponding article in the Arabic Wikipedia. (March 2009) Don't speak Arabic? Click here to read a machine-translated version of the Arabic article. Click [show] on the right to review important translation instructions before translating. Google's machine translation is a useful starting point for translations, but translators must revise errors as necessary and confirm that the translation is accurate, rather than simply copy-pasting machine-translated text into English Wikipedia. Do not translate text that appears unreliable or low-quality. If possible, verify the text with references provided in the foreign-language article. After translating, {{Translated|ar|عبد السلام عارف}} must be added to the talk page to ensure copyright compliance. For more guidance, see Wikipedia:Translation.

Abdul Salam Arif Aljumaily عبد السلام محمد عارف الجميلي
2nd President of Iraq
In office 8 February 1963 – 13 April 1966
Prime Minister	Ahmed Hassan al-Bakr Tahir Yahya Arif Abd ar-Razzaq Abd ar-Rahman al-Bazzaz
Preceded by	Muhammad Najib ar-Ruba'i
Succeeded by	Abdul Rahman Arif
Personal details
Born	(1921-03-21)21 March 1921[1] Baghdad, British Mandate of Mesopotamia
Died	13 April 1966(1966-04-13) (aged 45) Iraq
Nationality	Iraqi
Political party	Arab Socialist Union
Religion	Sunni Islam
Military service
Allegiance	Iraq
Service/branch	Iraqi Army
Rank	Colonel
Battles/wars	1958 Iraqi coup

Abdul Salam Mohammed Arif Aljumaily (Arabic: عبد السلام محمد عارف الجميلي‎`Abd as-Salām `Ārif Al-jumaili) (21 March 1921 – 13 April 1966) was the second President of Iraq from 1963 till his death. He played a leading role in the coup in which the Hashemite monarchy was overthrown on July 14, 1958.

1958 revolution and conflict with Qasim[link]

Along with Abdel Karim Qasim and other Iraqi military officers, Arif was a member of the clandestine organisation, the Free Officers of Iraq. During the summer of 1958, Prime Minister Nuri as-Said ordered Iraqi troops under Arif to aid Jordan, as part of an agreement of the Arab Federation. Instead, however, he led his army units into Baghdad and on July 14 launched a coup against the Hashemite monarchy. Qasim formed a government under the newly-proclaimed republic and Arif, his chief aide, was appointed deputy prime minister, interior minister, and deputy commander-in-chief of the armed forces.^[2]

Almost immediately however, tensions rose between the pan-Arabist Arif and Iraqi nationalist Qasim who also had the support of the Iraqi Communist Party. The former supported a union with the United Arab Republic (UAR)—composed of Egypt and Syria—under president Gamal Abdel Nasser, but the latter opposed merging with the UAR. As a result, the two leaders engaged in a power struggle, ending in Qasim prevailing and the removal of Arif from his positions on September 12. He was appointed the low-ranking post of ambassador to Bonn. Arif refused to take up the post and upon returning to Baghdad on November 4, he was promptly arrested for plotting against the state. He was sentenced to death along with Rashid Ali al-Gaylani in February 1959.^[2] Qasim had him released in November 1961.^[3]

President of Iraq[link]

Qasim was overthrown on February 8, 1963, by a coalition of Ba'athists, army units, and other pan-Arabist groups. Arif had previously been selected as the leader of the Iraqi Revolutionary Command Council and after the coup he was elected president of Iraq due to his popularity.^[3] Qasim pleaded with Arif to be exiled instead of executed and reminded Arif that he had commuted his death sentence two years before. Nonetheless, Arif demanded that Qasim swear to the Qur'an that it was he, Arif, who had been the real leader of the 1958 coup. Qasim refused and was consequently executed.^[4]

Although he was chosen as president, more power was held by the Ba'athist prime minister, Ahmed Hassan al-Bakr. Following a Ba'athist-led coup in Syria in March 1963, Arif entered his country into reunification talks with Syria and Egypt (which had split from the UAR in 1961). After a fallout with Nasser in July, the Ba'athist government of Iraq removed all non-Ba'athist members from the cabinet, despite Arif's support for Nasser.^[3] On November 18, Arif, with the support of disaffected elements in the military, took advantage of a split between the Ba'ath—which weakened the party—and ousted their members from the government. Arif formed a new cabinet, retaining a few Ba'athists, but mostly made up of Nasserist army officers and technocrats. He maintained his presidency and appointed himself chief-of-staff. A month later he handed the latter post to his brother General Abdul Rahman Arif, and the premiership to his confidant Lieutenant-General Tahir Yahya.^[5] In the fall of 1964, the Ba'ath attempted to depose Arif, but failed when their plot was unveiled. Arif had the conspirators, including Saddam Hussein, arrested.^[6]

On May 26, 1964, Arif established the Joint Presidency Council with Egypt. On July 14, the anniversary of the revolution, he declared the establishment of the Arab Socialist Union (ASU) of Iraq, commending it as the "threshold of the building of the unity of the Arab nation under Arab socialism." It was nearly identical in structure the ASU of Egypt and like in Egypt, many of the Arab nationalist parties were dissolved and absorbed by the ASU.^[5] Also, all banks and over thirty major Iraqi businesses were nationalized. Arif undertook these measures in an effort to bring Iraq closer with Egypt to help foster unity and on December 20, plans for union were announced. Despite this, in July 1965, the Nasserist ministers resigned from the Iraqi cabinet.^[7] President Arif played a major role in Iraq construction and developing its infrastructure.^[8]

On April 13, 1966, Arif was killed in the crash of Royal Iraqi Air Force de Havilland DH.104 Dove 1, RF392, in southern Iraq, and was replaced as president by his brother Abdul Rahman.^[7][9] Reports at the time said Arif had died in a helicopter accident. This was probably an act of sabotage by Ba'athist elements in the Iraqi military.^[10] Abdul Rahman al-Bazzaz became acting president for three days, and a power struggle for the presidency occurred. In the first meeting of the Defense Council and cabinet to elect a president, Al-Bazzaz needed a two-thirds majority to win the presidency. Al-Bazzaz was unsuccessful, and Abdul Rahman Arif was elected president. He was viewed by army officers as weaker and easier to manipulate than his brother.^[11]

Family[link]

On December 13, 2004, Arif's daughter, Sana Abdul Salam, and her husband, Wamith Abdul Razzak Said Alkadiry, were shot dead in their home in Baghdad by unknown assailants. Rafal Alkadiry, their 22-year-old son, was kidnapped^[12], and later killed.

References[link]

Bibliography[link]

• Ajami, Fouad (2006), The foreigner's gift: the Americans, the Arabs, and the Iraqis in Iraq, University Press of Florida, ISBN 0-7432-3667-X 
• Ismael, Tareq Y.; Ismael, Jacqueline S.; Abu Jaber, Kamal (1991), Politics and government in the Middle East and North Africa, Simon and Schuster, ISBN 0-8130-1043-8, http://books.google.com/?id=jXKTSQrTLO8C&pg=PA163&dq=Abd+al+Salam+Aref&q=Abd%20al%20Salam%20Aref 
• Reich, Bernard (1990), Political leaders of the contemporary Middle East and North Africa: a biographical dictionary, Greenwood Publishing Group, ISBN 0-313-26213-6 

v t e Heads of state of post-Ottoman Iraq Kingdom of Iraq (1921–1958) Kings of Iraq Faisal I · Ghazi · Faisal II Republic of Iraq (since 1958) Presidents of Iraq Muhammad Najib ar-Ruba'i† · Abdul Salam Arif† · Abd ar-Rahman al-Bazzaz*†  · Abdul Rahman Arif† · Ahmed Hassan al-Bakr† · Saddam Hussein† · occupation  · Ghazi Mashal Ajil al-Yawer  · Jalal Talabani * acting     † deceased

Abdus Salam (Arabic: عبد السلام‎) is a male Muslim honorific or given name, built on the Arabic words Abd, al- and Salam. The name means "servant of the All-peaceable", as-Salam being one of the names of God in the Qur'an, which give rise to the Muslim theophoric names.^[1][2]

Because the letter s is a sun letter, the letter l of the al- is assimilated to it. Thus although the name is written with letters corresponding to Abd al-Salam, the usual pronunciation corresponds to Abd as-Salam. Alternative transliterations include Abdul Salam, Abdul Salaam, Abdus Salam and others, all subject to variant spacing and hyphenation. It may refer to

People[link]

• Abd as-Salam ibn Mashish al-Alami (1140–1227), Moroccan Sufi saint
• Abd As-Salam Al-Asmar (1455–1575), Libyan Muslim saint
• Abdel Salam Al Nabulsy (1899–1968), Lebanese actor
• Abdus Salam (editor) (1910–1977), Bangladesh journalist
• Abdul-Salam Ojeili (1917–2006), Syrian novelist and politician
• Abdul Salam Arif (1921–1966), president of Iraq
• Abdelsalam al-Majali (born 1925), Prime Minister of Jordan
• Abdus Salam (Bengali Language Movement demonstrator) (1925 — 1952), died during the Bengali Language Movement demonstrations
• Abdus Salam (1926–1996), Pakistani physicist and Nobel laureate
• Belaid Abdessalam (born 1928), Algerian politician
• Rhadi Ben Abdesselam (1929–2000), Moroccan runner
• Shadi Abdel Salam (1930–1986), Egyptian film director
• Abdul Salam Azimi (born 1936), Chief Justice of Afghanistan
• Ali Abdussalam Treki, or Ali Treki, (born 1938), Libyan diplomat
• Abdessalam Jalloud (born 1941), Prime Minister of Libya
• Abdulsalami Abubakar (born 1942), Nigerian politician
• Abdul Salaam (American football) (born 1953), American football player for the New York Jets
• Abdul Salam Bhatti (born 1963), Pakistani-German cricketer
• Abdussalam Puthige (born 1964), Indian journalist
• Abdulsalam Abdullah (born 1965), Iraqi politician
• Abd al-Salam Ali al-Hila (born 1968), a Yemeni citizen, a Guantanamo detaiee ID # 1463
• Abdul Salam Zaeef (born 1968), Afghan ambassador to Pakistan
• Abdoul Salam Sow (born 1970), Guinean football player
• Ashraf Salim Abd Al Salam Sultan (born 1971), Libyan Guantanamo detaiee ID # 263
• Samir Abdussalam Aboud, known as Samir Aboud (born 1972), Libyan footballer
• Kamal Abdulsalam (born 1973), Libyan-Qatari bodybuilder
• Abdoul Salem Thiam, known as Abdoul Thiam, (born 1976), German footballer
• Abdulsalam Haykal (born 1978), Syrian entrepreneur and social activist
• Abdulsalam Al Gadabi (born 1978), Yemeni swimmer
• Abdeslam Ouaddou (born 1978), Moroccan footballer
• Chérif Abdeslam (born 1978), Algerian footballer
• Abdulsalaam Jumaa (born 1979), UAR footballer
• Nader Abdussalam Al Tarhouni (born 1979), Libyan footballer
• Abdessalem Arous (born 1979), Tunisian judoka
• Abdul-Salam Kharsiyev (born 1980), Russian footballer
• Abdeslam Akouzar (born 1982), Moroccan-French footballer
• Osama Abdusalam (born 1983), Libyan footballer
• Abdul Salam Gaithan Mureef Al Shehry (born 1984), citizen of Saudi Arabia, Guantanamo detainee ID # 132
• Abdessalam Benjelloun (born 1985), Moroccan footballer
• Abdul-Salam Abood (born 1987), Iraqi footballer
• Abdusalam Abubakar (born ca. 1990), Somali-Irish scientist
• Abdusalam Abas Ibrahim, full name of Abdus Ibrahim (born 1991), Ethiopian-American soccer player

• N V Abdussalam Moulavi, Indian religious activist
• Abdesslam Yassine, leader of Moroccan Islamist organisation Al Adl Wa Al Ihssane
• Abdul Salam Sabrah, acting Prime Minister of the Yemen Arab Republic
• Abdul Salam al-Buseiri, Libyan Foreign Minister
• Abdussalam Sergiwa, Libyan diplomat
• Mohamed Abd ElSalam Mahgoub, Egyptian politician
• Abdeslam Ahizoune, Moroccan businessman
• Abdul Salam Mumuni, Ghanaian film maker
• Abdeslam Boulaich, Moroccan story-teller
• Abdesalam Kames, Libyan footballer
• Mehdat Abdul Salam Shabana, director of Konsojaya Trading Company, alleged terrorist front organization based in Kuala Lumpur
• Abdul Salaam Alizai, former member of the Taliban who defected to the government in 2007
• Abdul Salam (Taliban Chief Justice), Chief Justice of the Taliban's Supreme Court
• Abdul Salam Rocketi, Taliban commander who shot down a Soviet helicopter with a rocket propelled grenade, and who ran for office in 2005

See also[link]

• Abdul
• Salaam (disambiguation)

References[link]

This page or section lists people that share the same given name. If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change that link to point directly to the intended article.