César Pelli (born October 12, 1926) is an Argentine American architect known for designing some of the world's tallest buildings and other major urban landmarks. In 1991, the American Institute of Architects (AIA) listed Pelli among the ten most influential living American architects. His many awards include the 1995 AIA Gold Medal which recognizes a body of work of lasting influence on the theory and practice of architecture. Perhaps his most famous work are the Petronas Twin Towers, which were for a time the world's tallest buildings. He also designed the World Financial Center complex in downtown Manhattan, next to the since-fallen World Trade Center.

Personal life[link]

After studying architecture at the Universidad Nacional de Tucumán, Pelli completed his studies at the School of Architecture at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. He started his career in the New Haven offices of architect Eero Saarinen.

He emigrated to the United States in 1952 and became a naturalized U.S. citizen in 1964. He married Diana Balmori, a renowned landscape and urban designer. They had two children: Denis, a neurobiologist and Professor of Psychology and Neural Science at New York University and Rafael, also a renowned architect.

Pelli served as dean of the School of Architecture at Yale University from 1977 to 1984. His firm employs about 100 architects, designers, and support staff in New Haven, Connecticut.

Awards and honors[link]

On May 26, 2008, Yale University bestowed an honorary Doctor of Arts degree to Pelli for his work in Architecture.^[1]

He received the The Lynn S. Beedle Lifetime Achievement Award from the Council on Tall Buildings and Urban Habitat in 2008 to honor his work in the field of tall buildings.^[2]

Career[link]

Pelli and Mahathir Mohamad's Petronas Twin Tower, 1998

Pelli's Wells Fargo Center, Minneapolis, Minnesota, 1989. Jon Davis

Bank of America Corporate Center, located in the center of uptown Charlotte, North Carolina, 1992

A view of the World Financial Center, and World Trade center from the Hudson River on August 26, 2000.

The Zurich tower, a 20-floor landmark office building in The Hague, Netherlands (1999)

BOK Center in Tulsa, Oklahoma.

Kurayoshi Park Square in Kurayoshi, Japan

Pacific Design Center in West Hollywood, California.

• Project Designer, Eero Saarinen
  • TWA Terminal Building, John F. Kennedy International Airport, New York City, New York
  • Morse College & Ezra Stiles College, Yale University
• Director of Design, Daniel, Mann, Johnson & Mendenhall, Los Angeles, California
  • COMSAT Laboratories, in Clarksburg, Maryland, 1967-1968 (with landscape architect Lester Collins)^[3][4]
• Partner for Design, Gruen Associates, Los Angeles, 1968–1976
• Cesar Pelli & Associates, 1977

Completed[link]

Other famous buildings he has designed include:

• 1966: Worldway Postal Center, Los Angeles International Airport, California^[5]
• 1967: Kukui Gardens housing, Honolulu, Hawaii^[6]
• 1969: San Bernardino City Hall, San Bernardino, California^[7]
• 1972: US Embassy in Tokyo, Japan
• 1973: Commons Centre and Mall,^[8] Columbus, Indiana-^[9]
• 1975: Pacific Design Center, Los Angeles, California^[10]
• 1981-1987: World Financial Center, New York City, New York, USA
• 1982-1984: Herring Hall at Rice University, Houston, Texas^[11]
• 1984: Residential Tower atop the Museum of Modern Art (MoMA), New York City, New York
• 1984-1986: Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
• 1984: Mattatuck Museum Arts and History Center renovation, Waterbury, Connecticut
• 1987: Blumenthal Performing Arts Center, Charlotte, North Carolina^[12]
• 1987-1990: Carnegie Hall Tower, New York City, New York, USA
• 1987-89: Maryland Residence, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
• 1987-1991: One Canada Square, Canary Wharf, London, England
• 1988: Wells Fargo Center (formerly Norwest Center), Minneapolis, Minnesota
• 1989: Gaviidae Common, Minneapolis, Minnesota^[13][14]
• 1990: Nippon Telegraph and Telephone Headquarters, Tokyo, Japan
• 1990: 181 West Madison Street, Chicago, Illinois^[15]
  • A 50-story skyscraper thought to be inspired by Saarinen's second place entry in Chicago's Tribune Tower competition^[16]
• 1991: Key Tower, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
• 1991: 777 Tower, Los Angeles, California
• 1991: Frances Lehman Loeb Art Center at Vassar College, Poughkeepsie, New York^[17]
• 1992: Bank of America Corporate Center, Charlotte, North Carolina
• 1992: Plaza Tower, Costa Mesa, California
• 1994: Physics and Astronomy Building, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
• 1995: Aronoff Center for Performing Arts, Cincinnati, Ohio^[18][19]
• 1995: 100 North Main Street (formerly Wachovia Center), Winston-Salem, North Carolina
• 1996: Edificio República, Buenos Aires, Argentina
• 1996: Residencial del Bosque, Mexico City, Mexico
• 1996: Owens Corning World Headquarters, Toledo, Ohio, USA
• 1997: Expansion of Washington National Airport, Washington, D.C.
• 1998: Overture Center, Madison, Wisconsin
• 1998: Petronas Twin Towers, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
• 1998: Schuster Center, Dayton, Ohio, USA
• 1999: Cheung Kong Center (長江集團中心), Hong Kong
• 1999: Zurich tower office building in The Hague, Netherlands
• 2000: Kurayoshi Park Square, Kurayoshi, Japan
• 2000: Boston Bank Building, Buenos Aires, Argentina
• 2000: KABC-TV, Los Angeles, California
• 2001: Citigroup Centre, 25 Canada Square, Canary Wharf, London
• 2001: Bucksbaum Center for the Arts at Grinnell College, Grinnell, Iowa
• 2001: Athletic and Fitness Center at Grinnell College, Grinnell, Iowa
• 2001: The Investment Building, Washington, DC
• 2002: JP MorganChase Building, San Francisco
• 2002: Weber Music Hall at University of Minnesota Duluth, Duluth, Minnesota
• 2002: Former Enron Headquarters at 1500 Louisiana Street, Houston, Texas
• 2003: Gerald Ratner Athletics Center at University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois^[20]
• 2003: Two International Finance Centre, Hong Kong
• 2003: Center for Drama and Film & the Martel Theater at Vassar College, Poughkeepsie, New York
• 2003: 25 Bank Street, Canary Wharf, Docklands, London
• 2003: 40 Bank Street, Canary Wharf, Docklands, London
• 2003: Benjamin & Mariam Schuster Performing Arts Center, Dayton, Ohio
• 2004: Goldman Sachs Tower, Jersey City, New Jersey
• 2005: Cira Centre, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
• 2005: Malone Engineering Center, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut
• 2006: Theodore Roosevelt Federal Building Eastern District Courthouse, Brooklyn, New York^[21]
• 2006: Science and Engineering Research and Classroom Complex at University of Houston, Houston, Texas
• 2006: Minneapolis Public Library's Central branch, Minneapolis, Minnesota
• 2006: Joe Rosenfield '25 Center, Grinnell College, Grinnell, Iowa
• 2006: Renée and Henry Segerstrom Concert Hall, Segerstrom Center For The Arts, Orange County Performing Arts Center, Costa Mesa, California
• 2006: Thomas E. Golden Jr. Center, St. Thomas More Catholic Chapel and Center, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut
• 2006: Adrienne Arsht Center for the Performing Arts, Miami, Florida
• 2008: BOK Center, Tulsa, Oklahoma^[22]
• 2008: One Park West, Liverpool, England
• 2008: Torre de Cristal, Madrid, Spain
• 2008: Repsol-YPF Building, Buenos Aires, Argentina
• 2008: St. Regis Residences & Hotel, Mexico City, Mexico
• 2008: Business Instructional Facility, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Illinois^[23]
• 2009: Cooperative Arts and Humanities High School, New Haven, Connecticut^[24]
• 2009: Connecticut Science Center, Hartford, Connecticut
• 2009: Aria Resort & Casino, the central feature of CityCenter, Las Vegas, Nevada
• 2011: New Airport Terminal Building (Phase 1), Winnipeg James Armstrong Richardson International Airport, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada^[25]
• 2011: Iberdrola Tower, office building, Bilbao, Spain

Under construction[link]

• 2010: Gran Torre Santiago, Santiago, Chile
• 2011: St. Katharine Drexel Chapel, Xavier University of Louisiana, New Orleans, Louisiana
• 2011: The Landmark, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
• 2012: Garibaldi Tower, master plan and mixed-use development, Milan, Italy
• 2012: Cira Center South, Philadelphia
• 2012: Sidra Medical Center, Qatar
• 2012: Cajasol Tower, office building, Seville, Spain
• 2013: DePaul University, The Theatre School, Chicago, Illinois^[26]
• 2017: Transbay Transit Center, San Francisco, California
• 2013: Crescent Tower, Mixed-Use Development Dallas, Texas
• 2012: Maral Explanada, Mar del Plata, Argentina

Proposed[link]

• 2010: South Station Tower, Boston, Massachusetts
• Unknown: Banco Macro Tower, Buenos Aires, Argentina
• 1965: Sunset Mountain Park, Santa Monica, California, Cesar Pelli and A.J.Lumsden

Duke University revitalization[link]

In 2007, Duke University commissioned him to plan a 20- to 50-year revitalization of its Central Campus.^[27]

Publications[link]

• 1982: "Skyscrapers," Perspecta 18, pp. 134–151.
• 1984: Introduction to The Second Generation by Esther McCoy (Peregrine Smith Books)
• 1999: Observations for Young Architects (Monacelli Press)
• 2002: Foreword to Ralph Rapson: Sketches and Drawings from Around the World by Ralph Rapson (Afton Historical Society Press)

References[link]

External links[link]

Wikimedia Commons has media related to: César Pelli

• Pelli Clarke Pelli Architects
• Cesar Pelli's Architecture of Enclosure
• School of Architecture at the University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign
• Audio: Cesar Pelli in conversation on the BBC World Service discussion programme The Forum

Richard Meier
Richard Meier in New York City, April 2009.
Born	October 12, 1934 Newark, New Jersey
Nationality	American
Awards	Pritzker Prize (1984)
Work
Practice	Richard Meier & Partners
Buildings	Barcelona Museum of Contemporary Art City Hall and Central Library, The Hague Getty Center, Los Angeles

For the American urban planner, see Richard L. Meier

Richard Meier (born October 12, 1934) is an American architect, whose rationalist buildings make prominent use of the color white.

Biography[link]

Meier is Jewish ^[1] and was born in Newark, New Jersey. ^[2] He earned a Bachelor of Architecture degree from Cornell University in 1957, worked for Skidmore, Owings and Merrill briefly in 1959, and then for Marcel Breuer for three years, prior to starting his own practice in New York in 1963. Identified as one of The New York Five in 1972, his commission of the Getty Center in Los Angeles, California catapulted his popularity into the mainstream. Richard Meier & Partners Architects has offices in New York and Los Angeles with current projects ranging from China and Tel Aviv to Paris and Hamburg.

Much of Meier's work builds on the work of architects of the early to mid-20th century, especially that of Le Corbusier and, in particular, Le Corbusier's early phase. Meier has built more using Corbusier's ideas than anyone, including Le Corbusier himself^{[citation needed]}. Meier expanded many ideas evident in Le Corbusier's work, particularly the Villa Savoye and the Swiss Pavilion.

Getty Center, Los Angeles

His work also reflects the influences of other designers such as Mies Van der Rohe and, in some instances, Frank Lloyd Wright and Luis Barragán (without the colour)^{[citation needed]}. White has been used in many architectural landmark buildings throughout history, including cathedrals and the white-washed villages of the Mediterranean region, in Spain, southern Italy and Greece.

In 1984, Meier was awarded the Pritzker Prize.^[3] In 2008, he won the gold medal in architecture from the Academy of Arts and Letters^[4] and his work Jesolo Lido Village was awarded the Dedalo Minosse International Prize for commissioning a building.^[5] Meier is a Senior Fellow of the Design Futures Council.^[6]

The Mayor of Rome Gianni Alemanno included in his campaign platform a promise to tear down the big travertine wall of Meier's Ara Pacis.^{[citation needed]} Mayor Alemmano has since changed his stance on the building and has agreed with Mr. Meier to modifications including drastically reducing the height of the wall between an open-air space outside the museum and a busy road along the Tiber river. The city plans to build a wide pedestrian area along the river and run the road underneath it. "It's an improvement," says Meier, adding that "the reason that wall was there has to do with traffic and noise. Once that is eliminated, the idea of opening the piazza to the river is a good one." The mayor’s office said Alemanno hopes to complete the project before the end of his term in 2013.^[7]

Meier is also the second cousin of the architect, theorist, and fellow member of The New York Five, Peter Eisenman.

Works[link]

Barcelona Museum of Contemporary Art

The Atheneum in New Harmony, Indiana, United States.

Museum of Television and Radio, Beverly Hills, California

Ara Pacis Museum, Rome

• Westbeth Artists Community, New York City, 1970
• Condominium of the Olivetti Training Center in Tarrytown, New York, 1971
• Meier House, Essex Fells, New Jersey, 1965
• Smith House, Darien, Connecticut, 1965–1967
• Douglas House, Harbor Springs, Michigan, 1973 [1]
• Bronx Developmental Center, The Bronx, New York, 1976
• The Atheneum, New Harmony, Indiana, 1979
• High Museum of Art, Atlanta, Georgia, 1983
• Modern Art Wing Des Moines Art Center, Des Moines, Iowa, 1984
• Daimler-Benz Forschungszentrum, today: Daimler Forschungszentrum, Ulm, Germany, 1992
• Stadthaus Ulm, Ulm, Germany, 1994
• Barcelona Museum of Contemporary Art, Barcelona, Spain, 1995
• City Hall and Central Library, The Hague, Netherlands, 1995
• Edinburgh Park Masterplan, 1995
• Rachofsky House, Dallas, Texas, 1996
• Neugebauer House, Naples, Florida, 1998 [2]
• The Paley Center for Media, formerly The Museum of Television & Radio, Beverly Hills, California, 1996
• Getty Center, Los Angeles, California, 1997 [3]
• Camden Medical Centre, Singapore, 1998
• White Plaza, Basel, Switzerland, 1998
• 173/176 Perry Street, Manhattan, 1999–2002
• Sandra Day O'Connor United States Courthouse, Phoenix, Arizona, 2000
• Peek & Cloppenburg flagship store, Düsseldorf, Germany, 2001
• Centre for Possibility thinking, Garden Grove, California, 2003^[8]
• Jubilee Church, Rome, Italy 2003 [4]
• Museum Frieder Burda, Baden Baden, Germany, 2004
• Ara Pacis Museum, Rome, Italy, 2006 [5] (There has been talk of dismantling and relocating the museum since the election of Gianni Alemanno in 2008^[9])
• City Tower, Prague, Czech Republic, 2004–2007
• Arp Museum, Remagen-Rolandseck, Germany 2008 [6]
• San Jose City Hall, San Jose, California, 2004–2007
• University of Scranton, Connolly Hall, 2007
• Weill Hall, Ithaca, New York, 2008
• Meier Tower, Tel Aviv, Israel (2008–present)
• On Prospect Park, Brooklyn, NY, 2003-2008^[10]
• International Coffee Plaza, Hamburg, Germany, 2010 [7]
• Vinci Partners Corporate Headquarters, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, 2012 ^[11]

References[link]

External links[link]

Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Richard Meier

• Richard Meier official website
• Richard Meier in the National Gallery of Australia's Kenneth Tyler collection
• Official "Meier Tower" website
• Architecture of the Getty Center
• Ara Pacis Museum, Rome
• Burda Museum website
• Rachofsky House website
• An appreciation of the Hague City Hall
• Collages by Richard Meier
• Richard Meier video at Web of Stories
• "Big Red/Meier white," Cornell 50th reunion video

Getty Center.

Peter Hurley is the President of the Eastern Kingdoms branch of the Ironforge Hotels Association and on the board of the Alliance Broadcasting Corporation.^[1]

Notes[link]

This Australian business biography is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it. v t e