KOS Media is a multimedia company based in the county of Kent in South East England. The company operates local newspapers and internet sites throughout the county.

History[link]

KOS Media's first newspaper, the Kent on Sunday was launched as a free newspaper in 2002. The company is based in Smeeth, near Ashford.

The company also produces YourKentTV, an internet based TV channel providing local news and features.

Until May 2009 all KOS Media newspapers were free. In June both Kent on Saturday and Kent on Sunday became paid for in the newsagents, in order to increase availability, whilst the free copies were diverted to business rounds and home delivery. The mid-week local papers remain free. All titles have a fast growing online audience as they are available free as a page turning e-edition, or by subscription on Kentnews.co.uk.

KOS Media was purchased by Archant in June 2010^[1], having had had a minority interest in KOS Media since 2005.

Newspapers[link]

Free newspapers[link]

In the summer of 2007 KOS Media introduced free, local papers for different parts of Kent. These are published on Wednesdays. The papers are listed below with their coverage as of March 2009^[2]

• Kent on Saturday
• Kent on Sunday
• yourashford
• yourcanterbury
• yourdover
• yourmaidstone
• yourmedway
• yourshepway
• yourswale
• yourthanet

These were joined in 2009 by four more local newspapers.

• yourdeal
• yoursandwich
• your Tunbridge Wells

The latter two both serve Royal Tunbridge Wells and are published on their respective title days.

Magazines[link]

KOS Media publishes magazines accompanying its paid for papers, such as the "Kent Weekend" entertainment and leisure guide. It also publishes Isle Magazine (published quarterly for the Isle of Thanet); and BBC Radio Kent County Life for the BBC^[3]. This caused a complaint against KOS Media and the BBC by rival group the KM Group^[4].

Television[link]

KOS Media operates the YourKentTV internet television channel. The channel features local news and sport, and videos both sent in by viewers and provided by the company.

References[link]

External links[link]

• KentNews, the KOS Media's flagship site
• YourKentTV

Kos Κως
The harbour of Kos (city)
Location
Kos
Coordinates	36°51′N 27°14′E / 36.85°N 27.233°E / 36.85; 27.233Coordinates: 36°51′N 27°14′E / 36.85°N 27.233°E / 36.85; 27.233
Location within the region
Government
Country:	Greece
Region:	South Aegean
Regional unit:	Kos
Population statistics (as of 2001)
Municipality
- Population:	30,947
- Area:	287.2 km2 (111 sq mi)
- Density:	108 /km2 (279 /sq mi)
Municipal unit
- Population:	17,890
Other
Time zone:	EET/EEST (UTC+2/3)
Elevation (min-max):	0–843 m ­(0–2766 ft)
Postal code:	853 xx
Telephone:	22420
Auto:	ΚΧ, ΡΟ, PK
Website
www.kos.gr

Kos or Cos (Greek: Κως) is a Greek island in the south Sporades group of the Dodecanese, next to the Gulf of Gökova/Cos. The island measures 40 kilometres (25 mi) by 8 kilometres (5.0 mi), and is 4 kilometres (2.5 mi) from the coast of Bodrum, Turkey, and the ancient region of Caria. The island forms a separate municipality within the Kos regional unit, which is part of the South Aegean region. The principal town of the island and seat of the municipality is Kos town.^[1] The island has a population of 30,947.

Name[link]

Throughout its history, the island has been known by the Greek, Kos. A person from Kos is called a "Koan" in English. The word is also a possessive, as in "Koan goods".^[2] Kos has also been called İstanköy by the Ottomans and Coo by the Italians and was formerly known as Stanchio in English.

Municipality[link]

The present municipality of Kos was created in 2011 with the merger of three municipalities, which became municipal units:^[1]

• Dikaios
• Irakleides
• Kos

History[link]

View of the Asclepeion.

Ruins of the Ancient Gymnasium.

View of the ancient Odeon.

In the Roman mythology, the island was visited by Hercules.^[3]

The island was originally colonised by the Carians. A contingent from Kos participated in the War of Troy^[4] The Dorians invaded it in the 11th century BC, establishing a Dorian colony with a large contingent of settlers from Epidaurus, whose Asclepius cult made their new home famous for its sanatoria. The other chief sources of the island's wealth lay in its wines and, in later days, in its silk manufacture.^[5]

Its early history–as part of the religious-political amphictyony that included Lindos, Kamiros, Ialysos, Cnidus and Halicarnassus, the Dorian Hexapolis (Greek for six cities),^[6]–is obscure. At the end of the 6th century, Kos fell under Achaemenid domination but rebelled after the Greek victory at Cape Mykale in 479. During the Greco-Persian Wars, when it twice expelled the Persians, it was ruled by tyrants, but as a rule it seems to have been under oligarchic government. In the 5th century, it joined the Delian League, and, after the revolt of Rhodes, it served as the chief Athenian station in the south-eastern Aegean (411–407). In 366 BC, a democracy was instituted. After helping to weaken Athenian power, in the Social War (357-355 BC), it fell for a few years to the king Mausolus of Caria. In 366 BC, the capital was transferred from Astypalaia to the newly built town of Kos, laid out in a Hippodamian grid.

Proximity to the east gave the island first access to imported silk thread. Aristotle (384 BC-322 BC) mentions silk weaving conducted by the women of the island.^[7] Silk production of garments was conducted in large factories by women slaves.^[8]

In the Hellenistic age, Kos attained the zenith of its prosperity. Its alliance was valued by the kings of Egypt, who used it as a naval outpost to oversee the Aegean. As a seat of learning, it arose as a provincial branch of the museum of Alexandria, and became a favorite resort for the education of the princes of the Ptolemaic dynasty. Among its most famous sons were the physician Hippocrates, the painter Apelles, the poets Philitas and, perhaps, Theocritus.

Kos was also known as Meropis and Nymphæa. Diodorus Siculus (xv. 76) and Strabo (xiv. 657) describe it as a well-fortified port. Its position gave it a high importance in Ægean trade; while the island itself was rich in wines of considerable fame (Pliny, xxxv. 46). Under Alexander III of Macedon and the Egyptian Ptolemies(from 336 B.C.) the town developed into one of the great centers in the Ægean; Josephus ("Ant." xiv. 7, § 2) quotes Strabo to the effect that Mithridates was sent to Kos to fetch the gold deposited there by the queen Cleopatra of Egypt. Herod is said to have provided an annual stipend for the benefit of prize-winners in the athletic games (Josephus, "B. J." i. 21, § 11), and a statue was erected there to his son Herod the Tetrarch ("C. I. G." 2502 ). Paul briefly visited here according to (Acts 21:1).

Except for occasional incursions by corsairs and some severe earthquakes, the island has rarely had its peace disturbed. Following the lead of its great neighbour, Rhodes, Kos generally displayed a friendly attitude toward the Romans; in 53 AD it was made a free city. Lucian (125–180) mentions their manufacture of semi-transparent light dresses, a fashion success.^[9]

The island was later conquered by the Venetians, who then sold it to the Knights Hospitaller of Rhodes (the Knights of St John) in 1315. Two hundred years later the Knights faced the threat of a Turkish invasion and abandoned the island to the Ottoman Empire in 1523. The Ottomans ruled Kos for 400 years until it was transferred to Italy in 1912. In World War II, the island was taken over by the Axis powers. It was occupied by Italian troops until the Italian surrender in 1943. British and German forces then clashed for control of the island in the Battle of Kos, in which the Germans were victorious. German troops occupied the island until 1945, when it became a protectorate of the United Kingdom, who ceded it to Greece in 1947.

The Market – Agora[link]

View of the municipal market.

The Market place of Kos was considered one of the biggest in the ancient world. It was the commercial and commanding centre at the heart of the ancient city. It was organized around a spacious rectangular yard 50 metres (160 ft) wide and 300 metres (980 ft) long. It began in the Northern area and ended up south on the central road (Decumanus) which went through the city. The northern side connected to the city wall towards the entrance to the harbour. Here there was a monumental entrance. On the eastern side there were shops. In the first half of the 2nd century BC, the building was extended toward the interior yard. The building was destroyed in an earthquake in 469 AD.

In the southern end of the Market, there was a round building with a Roman dome and a workshop which produced pigments including “Egyptian Blue”. Coins, treasures, and copper statues from Roman times were later uncovered by archeologists. In the western side excavations led to the findings of rooms with mosaic floors which showed beastfights, a theme quite popular in Kos.^[10]

Geography[link]

Map of Kos by Olfert Dapper, Amsterdam, 1702.

Map of Kos.

The island is part of a chain of mountains from which it became separated after earthquakes and subsidence that occurred in ancient times. These mountains include Kalymnos and Kappari which are separated by an underwater chasm c. 70 m (40 fathoms deep), as well as the volcano of Nisyros and the surrounding islands.

There is a wide variety of rocks in Kos which is related to its geographical formation. Prominent among these are the Quaternary layers in which the fossil remains of mammals such as horses, hippopotami and elephants have been found. The fossilised molar of an elephant of gigantic proportions was presented to the Paleontology Museum of the University of Athens.

The shores of Kos Island are washed by the waters of the Aegean Sea. Its coastline is 112 km long and is caressed by long immaculate beaches, leading to its main industry being tourism. Farming is the principal occupation of many of the island's inhabitants, with their main crops being grapes, almonds, figs, olives, and tomatoes, along with wheat and corn. Cos lettuce may be grown here, but the name is unrelated.

The main villages of Kos island are Kardamena, Kefalos, Tingaki, Antimachia, Mastihari, Marmari and Pyli. Smaller ones are Zia, Zipari, Platani, Lagoudi and Asfendiou.

Culture[link]

The Cathedral of the city of Kos.

Asfendiou Monastery of Zia.

Hippocrates' statue.

The main port and population centre on the island, also called Kos, is also the tourist and cultural centre, with whitewashed buildings including many hotels, restaurants and a small number of nightclubs forming the famous Kos town "barstreet". The town has a 14th century fortress at the entrance to its harbour, erected in 1315 by The Knights of Saint John of Rhodes.

The ancient physician Hippocrates is thought to have been born on Kos, and in the center of the town is the Plane Tree of Hippocrates, a dream temple where the physician is traditionally supposed to have taught. The limbs of the now elderly tree are supported by scaffolding. The small city is also home to the International Hippocratic Institute and the Hippocratic Museum dedicated to him. Near the Institute are the ruins of Asklepieion, where Herodicus taught Hippocrates medicine. Kardamena is a popular resort for young British holidaymakers and has a large number of bars and nightclubs.

Religion[link]

The main religion practiced is Greek Orthodoxy. Kos has one of the four cathedrals in the entire Dodecanese. There is also a Roman Catholic Church on the island as well as a Mosque catering to the Muslim community of Kos. The Synagogue is no longer used for religious ceremonies as the Jewish community of Kos was practically wiped out by the Nazis in World War II. It has, however, been restored and is maintained with all religious symbols intact and is now used by the Municipality of Kos for various events, mainly cultural.

Notable people[link]

• Hippocrates (5th century BC), "father of medicine".
• Apelles (4th century BC), painter.
• Michael Kefalianos, professional bodybuilder.
• Marika Papagika, early 20th century singer.
• Al Campanis, (20th century) Major League Baseball player and executive.
• Stergos Marinos, international footballer currently playing for Panathinaikos.

See also[link]

• List of volcanoes in Greece

References[link]

External links[link]

Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Kos

v t e Administrative division of the South Aegean Region Area: 5,286km² • Population: 302,686 (2001) • Capital: Ermoupoli Regional unit of Andros Andros Regional unit of Kalymnos Agathonisi • Astypalaia • Kalymnos • Leipsoi • Leros • Patmos Regional unit of Karpathos Karpathos • Kasos Regional unit of Kea-Kythnos Kea • Kythnos Regional unit of Kos Kos • Nisyros Regional unit of Milos Kimolos • Milos • Serifos • Sifnos Regional unit of Mykonos Mykonos Regional unit of Naxos Amorgos • Naxos and Lesser Cyclades Regional unit of Paros Antiparos • Paros Regional unit of Rhodes Chalki • Kastelorizo • Rhodes • Symi • Tilos Regional unit of Syros Syros-Ermoupoli Regional unit of Thira Anafi • Folegandros • Ios • Sikinos • Thira (Santorini) Regional unit of Tinos Tinos Regional governor: Ioannis Machairidis (el) • Website: www.pnai.gov.gr

v t e Articles on the Aegean Sea General Countries  Greece  Turkey Other Aegean civilization Aegean Islands Aegean dispute Aegean islands Cyclades Amorgos Anafi Andros Antimilos Antiparos Delos Despotiko Donoussa Folegandros Gyaros Ios Irakleia Kardiotissa Kea Keros Kimolos Koufonisia Kythnos Milos Mykonos Nata Naxos Paros Polyaigos Rineia Santorini Schoinoussa Serifopoula Serifos Sifnos Sikinos Syros Therasia Tinos Vous Dodecanese Agathonisi Arkoi Armathia Alimia Astakida Astypalaia Çatalada Chalki Chamili Farmakonisi Gaidaros Gyali Imia/Kardak Kalolimnos Kalymnos Kandelioussa Kara Ada Karpathos Kasos Kinaros Kos Küçük Tavşan Adası Leros Lipsi Lebynthos Nimos Nisyros Patmos Pacheia Platy Pserimos Rhodes Saria Salih Ada Symi Syrna Telendos Tilos Zafora North Aegean Agios Efstratios Ammouliani Ayvalık Islands Büyük Ada Chios Chryse Cunda Foça Islands Fournoi Korseon Icaria Imbros Koukonesi Lemnos Lesbos Metalik Ada Nisiopi Oinousses Psara Samiopoula Samos Samothrace Tenedos Thasos Thymaina Saronic Aegina Agios Georgios Angistri Dokos Hydra Poros Psyttaleia Salamis Spetses Sporades Adelfoi Islets Agios Georgios Skopelou Alonnisos Argos Skiathou Dasia Erinia Gioura Grammeza Kyra Panagia Lekhoussa Peristera Piperi Psathoura Repi Sarakino Skandili Skantzoura Skiathos Skopelos Skyropoula Skyros Tsougria Valaxa Cretan Afentis Christos Agia Varvara Agioi Apostoloi Agioi Pantes Agioi Theodoroi Agios Nikolaos Anavatis Arnaouti Aspros Volakas Avgo Crete Daskaleia Dia Diapori Dionysades Elasa Ftena Trachylia Glaronisi Gramvousa Grandes Kalydon (Spinalonga) Karavi Karga Katergo Kavallos Kefali Kolokythas Koursaroi Kyriamadi Lazaretta Leon Mavros Mavros Volakas Megatzedes Mochlos Nikolos Palaiosouda Peristeri Peristerovrachoi Petalida Petalouda Pontikaki Pontikonisi Praso Kissamou Prosfora Pseira Sideros Souda Valenti Vryonisi Other Antikythera Euboea Cythera Makronisos

Look up media in Wiktionary, the free dictionary.

Media may refer to:

Communications[link]

• Media (communication), tools used to store and deliver information or data
  • Advertising media, various media, content, buying and placement for advertising
  • Broadcast media, communications delivered over mass electronic communication networks
  • Digital media, electronic media used to store, transmit, and receive digitized information
  • Electronic media, communications delivered via electronic or electromechanical energy
  • Hypermedia, media with hyperlinks
  • Mass media, all means of mass communications
  • Multimedia, communications that incorporate multiple forms of information content and processing
  • New media, a broad term encompassing the amalgamation of traditional media with the interactive power of computer and communications technology
  • News media, mass media focused on communicating news
  • News media (United States), the news media of the United States of America
  • Print media, communications delivered via paper or canvas
  • Published media, any media made available to the public
  • Recording media, devices used to store information
  • Social media, media disseminated through social interaction
  • MEDIA Programme, a European Union initiative to support the European audiovisual sector

Computing[link]

• Media (computer), used in computer data storage devices
• Media player (application software), a piece of software designed to play audio and videos

Fine art[link]

• Media (arts), materials and techniques used by an artist to produce a work

History[link]

• Median Empire, an ancient Iranian kingdom of the Medians (Medes) in north-western Iran

Life sciences[link]

• Growth medium, objects in which microorganisms or cells can experience growth
• Media filter, a filter consisting of several different filter materials
• Tunica media, the middle layer of the wall of a blood vessel
• A group of insect wing veins in the Comstock-Needham system

Places[link]

• Media, Illinois
• Media, Pennsylvania

Music[link]

• Media (album), the 1998 album by The Faint

Mythology[link]

• Medea, the daughter of King Aeëtes of Colchis in Greek mythology

Ships[link]

• RMS Media, a Cunard Line cargo liner in service 1948-61

See also[link]

• Media ecology
• Media meshing
• Media psychology
• Media studies
• Medium (disambiguation)
• Multimedia learning
• Kaus Media, a star system in the constellation Sagittarius

This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the same title. If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article.

David Brock (born November 2, 1962) is an American journalist and author, the founder of the media group, Media Matters for America, and a Democratic political operative.^[1] He was a conservative journalist during the 1990s^[2] gaining notoriety for his book The Real Anita Hill and authoring the Troopergate story, which led to Paula Jones filing a lawsuit against Bill Clinton. At the start of the Presidency of George W. Bush his views shifted significantly towards the left. He founded Media Matters for America, a non-profit organization that describes itself as a "progressive research and information center dedicated to comprehensively monitoring, analyzing and correcting conservative misinformation in the U.S. media."^[3]

Background[link]

Brock was born in Washington, D.C., and adopted by Dorothea and Raymond Brock.^[4] He has a younger sister, Regina. Brock's family was Catholic and his father held strong conservative beliefs.^[4]

Brock grew up in Wood-Ridge, New Jersey, where he went to Our Lady of the Assumption School, and later attended Paramus Catholic High School in Paramus, New Jersey.^[5] He then attended the University of California, Berkeley, where he worked as a reporter and editor for The Daily Californian, the campus newspaper, sometimes expressing conservative views. He was an intern at The Wall Street Journal. He graduated from Berkeley with a B.A. in history in 1985.

In 1986 he joined the staff of the weekly conservative news magazine Insight on the News, a sister publication of The Washington Times. After a stint as a research fellow at The Heritage Foundation, in March 1992 Brock authored a sharply critical story about Clarence Thomas's accuser, Anita Hill, in The American Spectator magazine. A little over a year later, in April 1993, Brock published a book titled The Real Anita Hill, which expanded upon previous assertions that had cast doubt on the veracity of Anita Hill's claims of sexual harassment.

The book became a best-seller. It was later attacked in a book review in The New Yorker by Jane Mayer, a reporter for The New Yorker, and Jill Abramson, a reporter for The Wall Street Journal. The two later expanded their article into the book Strange Justice, which cast Anita Hill in a much more sympathetic light. It, too, was a best-seller. Brock replied to their book with a book review of his own in The American Spectator.

In the January 1994, issue of The American Spectator, Brock, by then on staff at the magazine, published a story about Bill Clinton's time as governor of Arkansas that made accusations that bred Troopergate.^[2] Among other things, the story contained the first printed reference to Paula Jones, referring to a woman named "Paula" who state troopers said offered to be Clinton's partner.^[2] Jones called Brock's account of her encounter with Clinton "totally wrong," and she later sued Clinton for sexual harassment, a case that became entangled in the independent counsel's investigation of the Whitewater controversy and eventually led to the impeachment of the president. The story received an award later that year from the Western Journalism Center, and was partially responsible for a rise in the 25-year-old magazine's circulation, from around 70,000 to over 300,000 in a very short period.^{[citation needed]}

Shift to the left[link]

Three years later, Brock surprised conservatives by publishing a somewhat sympathetic biography of Hillary Clinton, titled The Seduction of Hillary Rodham. Having received a $1 million advance and a tight one-year deadline from Simon & Schuster's then-conservative-focused Free Press subsidiary, Brock was under tremendous pressure to produce another best-seller. However, the book contained no major scoops. In Blinded by the Right (2002), Brock said that he had reached a turning point—he had thoroughly examined charges against the Clintons, could not find any evidence of wrongdoing, and did not want to make any more misleading claims. Brock further said that his former friends in right-wing politics shunned him because Seduction did not adequately attack the Clintons. He also argued that his "friends" had not really been friends at all, due to the open secret that Brock was gay.^[6]

In July 1997, Brock published a confessional piece in Esquire magazine titled "Confessions of a Right-Wing Hit Man," in which he recanted much of what he said in his two best-known American Spectator articles and criticized his own reporting methods.^[7][8] Discouraged at the reaction his Hillary Clinton biography received, he said, "I . . . want out. David Brock the Road Warrior of the Right is dead." Four months later, The American Spectator declined to renew his employment contract, under which he was being paid over $300,000 per year.

Writing again for Esquire in April 1998, Brock apologized to Clinton for his contributions to Troopergate, calling it simply part of an anti-Clinton crusade.^[2] He told a more detailed story of his time inside the right wing in his 2002 memoir, Blinded by the Right: The Conscience of an Ex-Conservative, in which he settled old scores and provided inside details about the Arkansas Project's efforts to bring down Clinton. Later, he also apologized to Anita Hill.

In 2001 Brock accused one of his former sources, Terry Wooten, of leaking FBI files for use in his book about Anita Hill. Brock defended his betrayal of a confidential source by saying, "I've concluded that what I was involved in wasn't journalism, it was a political operation, and I was part of it. . . . So I don't think the normal rules of journalism would apply to what I was doing."^[9]

Brock directly addressed the right-wing "machine" in his 2004 book, The Republican Noise Machine, in which he detailed an alleged interconnected, concerted effort to raise the profile of conservative opinions in the press through false accusations of liberal media bias, dishonest and highly partisan columnists, partisan news organizations and academic studies, and other methods. Also in 2004, he featured briefly in the BBC series The Power of Nightmares, where he stated that the Arkansas Project engaged in political terrorism.

About the same time he founded Media Matters for America, an Internet-based progressive media group "dedicated to comprehensively monitoring, analyzing, and correcting conservative misinformation in the U.S. media."

Brock announced in 2010 that he was forming a super-PAC, American Bridge, to help elect liberal Democrats, starting with the 2012 election cycle.^[10] In describing Brock's intentions for the super-PAC, The New York Times referred to Brock as a "prominent Democratic political operative"^[1] (mirrored by The Washington Post's characterization of him as a "former journalist-turned-political operative")^[11] and New York Magazine referred to Brock's "hyperpartisanship."^[12]

On February 27, 2012, it was revealed Brock had paid his domestic partner $850,000 "after being threatened with damaging information involving the organization’s donors and the IRS – a deal that Brock later characterized as a blackmail payment".^[13]

Books[link]

• The Real Anita Hill: The Untold Story. Free Press, 1993. ISBN 978-0-02-904656-2
• The Seduction of Hillary Rodham. 1996, Free Press. ISBN 978-0-684-83770-3
• Blinded by the Right: The Conscience of an Ex-Conservative. 2002, Crown Publishing Group. ISBN 978-1-4000-4728-4
• The Republican Noise Machine: Right-Wing Media and How It Corrupts Democracy. 2004, Crown. ISBN 978-1-4000-4875-5
• Free Ride: John McCain and the Media with Paul Waldman. 2008, Anchor. ISBN 0-307-27940-5
• The Fox Effect: How Roger Ailes Turned a Network into a Propaganda Machine with Ari Rabin-Havt. 2012, Anchor. ISBN 978-0-307-94768-0

References[link]

External links[link]

• Media Matters for America
• David Brock at the Internet Movie Database
• Appearances on C-SPAN
  • Booknotes interview with Brock on The Real Anita Hill, June 13, 1993.
• Works by or about David Brock in libraries (WorldCat catalog)
• Anti-Drudge, Brock Profile in Guernica Magazine
• Right-Wing Journalism dialog with David Brock and Tucker Carlson, Slate (June 25, 1997)
• David Brock, "His Cheatin’ Heart," The American Spectator (January 1994) (The "Troopergate" Story)

Nonito Donaire
Donaire in 2010
Statistics
Real name	Nonito Donaire, Jr.
Nickname(s)	The Filipino Flash
Rated at	Flyweight Super Flyweight Bantamweight Super Bantamweight
Height	5 ft 7 in (1.70 m)
Reach	68 in (173 cm)
Nationality	Filipino American
Born	(1982-11-16) November 16, 1982 (age 29) Talibon, Bohol, Philippines
Stance	Orthodox
Boxing record
Total fights	29
Wins	28
Wins by KO	18
Losses	1
Draws	0

Nonito Donaire, Jr. (born November 16, 1982) is a Filipino American^[1] professional boxer. Known as "The Filipino Flash," Donaire is a four-division world champion and the reigning WBO Super Bantamweight Champion. He is also the former WBC and WBO Bantamweight, Interim WBA Super Flyweight and IBF Flyweight Champion.

He is a known switch-hitter with the ability to fight either southpaw or orthodox.^[2][3] His surname is often mispronounced as do-nayr but it's properly pronounced as do-nigh-reh.

Donaire is currently rated by The Ring as the number four pound-for-pound boxer in the world.

Personal life[link]

Nonito Donaire was born in Talibon, Bohol, Philippines to Filipino parents, Nonito Sr. and Imelda Donaire. He is the third among four siblings: Glenn, Rosiel and Ermie.^[4] Back then, there was no electricity in Bohol.^[5] He grew up in General Santos City, South Cotabato, where he lived until age six^[5] and went to the same school as boxing icon eight-division world champion Manny Pacquiao.^[6] His father, a second year high school dropout, was in the Philippine Army for eight years and fought as an amateur before trying his luck alone in the US in 1990. In 1993, at the age of eleven, he had joined his father in Van Nuys, Los Angeles, California and they lived in San Leandro.^[4][7] He later moved to San Mateo in the Bay Area.^[8]

In childhood, Donaire was a frail, asthmatic and wimpy kid who got bullied in school and went back home crying.^[7][9][10] He was picked on for three years, until a little after he migrated to San Leandro.^[11] At home, he felt no attention has been paid to him, as a middle child. He wanted to be recognised by his parents, especially his father.^{[* 1]} As soon as his brother started boxing, ten year old Nonito craved the respect and recognition the brother got from it,^[5] and started it.^[12] His father took him to a boxing gym at age eleven to get him off the streets.^[11] In his first amateur bout as a kid, he beat the opponent with his straight punches, all the while just thinking that "I’m going to kill him before he kills me."^[12] However, he had had no confidence until he earned four or five knockout victories in the professional bouts.^[11]

During their younger years, Donaire and his older brother Glenn would spar, with the younger brother being beaten often. As a kid, Donaire watched videos of his hero Alexis Argüello, using them to learn how to throw his powerful left hook.^[6] While in San Lorenzo High School in San Lorenzo, California the brothers won an assortment of regional and district amateur boxing championships.^[4] His cousin, Richard Donaire, is also a professional boxer.^[13]

Donaire is married to Rachel Marcial, a Filipino-American USA National Collegiate and Military Taekwando Champion.^[14][15] They were married on August 8, 2008 in a private ceremony in Carmel, California, with all their close relatives.^[16] Subsequently, they had a church wedding in the Philippines on November 11, 2011 (11/11/11).^[7]

Donaire's wife is a pivotal member of his team,^[10][17] with her father acting as his chief security.^[7] His parents-in-law, Gerry and Rebecca Marcial, are the leading members of his support group.^[7] Donaire wants to be with people who are there for him even if he has nothing and likes to please them above all. During his early career, he had hated boxing. Due to excessive pressure, he had not only never enjoyed boxing, but had even dreaded it every day.^{[5][11][12][18]} Nevertheless, he did stick with it because he did not want to disappoint his father. Currently, he always fights for such people who support him and believe in him, and finally for himself, so he loves and enjoys boxing.^[5][12]

Amateur career[link]

As a young American amateur, Donaire won three national championships: the National Silver Gloves in 1998, National Junior Olympics in 1999 and the National USA Tournament in 2000. He also won the International Junior Olympics in 1999.^[19] Donaire's amateur record was 68–8 with 5 TKOs.

Professional career[link]

Donaire turned professional with his brother in 2001. They signed up with promoter Jackie Kallen, who paid the boys a monthly salary of $1,500 each. When Donaire lost his second fight in 2001, via a dodgy decision, he tasted the intense feeling that he did not want to see the sorrow, sadness or pity in people's faces. Since then, he has continued a winning streak for over ten years.^[5] After four pro bouts, Donaire and his brother Glenn left Kallen and returned to Manila with their father. Initially mulling restarting their boxing careers in the Philippines, they decided to go back to the better facilities in San Leandro, where their father felt there were fewer distractions.^[4]

Early years as professional boxer[link]

Donaire won his first regional title in flyweight division by defeating Kaichon Sor Vorapin for the vacant WBO Asia Pacific Flyweight title in Guam on 9 September 2002. Donaire knocked out the future world title challenger in the second round.

Donaire won his second regional title, the NABF Super Flyweight title, by defeating Kahren Harutyunyan on Shobox by split decision on January 20, 2006. The scores were 97–92, 97–92 for Donaire and 95–94 for Harutyunan.^[20]

On October 7, 2006, Donaire outpointed veteran Oscar Andrade by the scores of 118–109, 116–112, and 116–112. His older brother, Glenn Donaire, fought and lost to Vic Darchinyan on the same night.

Flyweight division[link]

A 7–1 underdog, Donaire won the IBF Flyweight title with a one-punch, fifth round knockout of the then-undefeated Vic Darchinyan on July 7, 2007.^[21] This victory was awarded Ring Magazine's "Knockout of the Year" and "Upset of the Year" on December 23, 2007.^[22][23][24] On July 31, 2007, Donaire met Philippine President Gloria Macapagal Arroyo along with Florante Condes, who won the IBF Minimumweight title on the same weekend as Donaire. Donaire said the experience was, "An overwhelming feeling. It was indescribable. The moment I walked up the stairs and she was up there and when I looked it was a moment when I couldn’t even look at her face. It was a great honor."^[25]

Nonito Donaire with his IBF and IBO Flyweight belts in 2007.

On December 1, 2007, Donaire made the first defense of his IBF title against Luis Maldonado of Mexico by technical knockout in the 8th round. Donaire stated: "I guess my validation was today but I didn't feel my best; I felt sluggish. I didn't have my legs. I don't know what the problem was. I couldn't move well so I tried to rely on my upper body movement."^[26]

In late June 2008, Donaire severed ties with promoter Gary Shaw because the number of fights had not matched the number stated in the contract and Shaw had failed to properly disclose revenue from previous fights as stated under the Muhammad Ali Boxing Reform Act.^[27] Days after leaving Gary Shaw Productions, he would sign with Top Rank Boxing.^[28]

Donaire, on November 2, 2008, retained his IBF Flyweight title via a 6th-round (1:31) technical knockout of Moruti Mthalane.^[29][30][31] During sparring for that fight, Donaire had an asthma attack. He could not carry through twelve rounds as his father ordered. While his father did not notice the reason and tried to force it to him, he left the gym to go to a hospital. He had a slight symptoms of bronchitis, and was diagnosed with recurrence of asthma.^{[8][* 2]} After the Mthalane fight, he became estranged from his father.^[5]

On April 19, 2009, Donaire faced flyweight Raul Martinez for his third defense of his IBF Flyweight title at the Araneta Coliseum in Quezon City, Philippines. Donaire scored the TKO after 2:42 into the 4th round.^[33] Donaire has been trained by the Peñalosa brothers (Gerry, Dodie Boy and Jonathan) since the training camp for the match against Martinez. Because of his victory over Martinez, Donaire was included for the first time in the Ring Magazine pound for pound rankings, in the 7th spot.^[34]

Super Flyweight division[link]

The IBF ordered a mandatory rematch between Donaire and previous challenger Moruti Mthalane by August 1, 2009. However, Donaire's agent has expressed interest in moving up to the junior bantamweight/super flyweight division at 115 pounds.^[35] Initially, Donaire was set to face Hugo Fidel Cazares on August 15, but talks for the bout had fallen through 2009.^[36] Rafael Concepción of Panama then replaced Cazares as Donaire's opponent for the Interim WBA Super Flyweight title, which headlined the card titled "Pinoy Power 2."^[37] Donaire added conditioning coach Mike Bazzel to supplement Dodie Boy and Jonathan Peñalosa in their camp at the Undisputed Boxing Gym in San Carlos, a Bay Area suburb near San Mateo. He dedicated his fight against Concepcion in memory of late Philippine President Corazon "Cory" Aquino where he requested Everlast, a boxing equipment company, to provide a yellow robe with the inscription “I. M. O. (in memory of) former Pres. Cory Aquino.”^[8] Because Concepcion failed to weigh within the super flyweight limit (115 lbs.), only Donaire, who made weight successfully, can win the title. Donaire won the bout via unanimous decision. Two days after the win over Concepcion, he arrived to a rousing welcome in Manila, where he was feted in a motorcade by Mayor Alfredo Lim.

Donaire's trainer was switched from his father to Roberto García Cortez in late 2009.^[38] Donaire does not want to be rude to Garcia by not training hard. So, even when he is not with Garcia, Donaire is working to the limit.^[39]

On February 13, 2010, Donaire faced Manuel "Chango" Vargas for his first defense of the Interim WBA Super Flyweight title at the Las Vegas Hilton in Las Vegas, Nevada. The latter was only a late replacement to Gerson Guerrero, who did not pass eye examinations and was forced to pull out. Vargas took the fight on less than 3 days short notice and had to move up 3 weight divisions. The bout headlined the card titled "Pinoy Power 3." Donaire won the fight via a 3rd-round (1:33) knockout and successfully retained his title.^[40]

After the fight Donaire expressed his interest in fighting Vic Darchinyan, for a rematch, or Fernando Montiel, both boxing champions, as he plans to move up to the bantamweight division.^[41]

According to Top Rank promoter Bob Arum, Donaire would have faced the reigning WBC and WBA Super Flyweight Champion Vic Darchinyan on August 21, 2010 at the Home Depot in California.^[42] After weeks of uncertainty regarding the Donaire-Darchinyan rematch, Arum said the fight was done.^[43] However, the deal fell apart on May 5, 2010, so the bout was called off.^[44]

Donaire is also looking for a fight with WBO Bantamweight Champion Fernando Montiel of Mexico.^[45] However, Donaire stated that he is looking forward to a regular world title match in super flyweight division first before taking on Montiel.^[46]

Following this events, Bob Arum announced that Donaire would fight in the undercard of Juan Manuel López and Bernabe Concepcion bout on July 10, 2010 at the Coliseo Jose Miguel Agrelot in San Juan, Puerto Rico. Opponent for this fight was expected to be announced in the coming days.^[47] Donaire challenged Puerto Rican boxer Eric Morel, but the latter turned the offer down.^[48] As a result, Donaire planned a bantamweight move, as he did not find any available opponent in the super flyweight division; at first he refused to fight Hernan "Tyson" Marquez, who was coming from a lopsided loss against Richie Mepranum. The Donaire-Marquez bout took place in the super flyweight division. Donaire won the match by TKO in the eight round.^[3][49] The bout was supposed to be his last fight in the super flyweight division.

Bantamweight[link]

Donaire with his WBO and WBC Bantamweight belts slung over his shoulders, at his public workout at Gleason's Gym, in October 2011.

Following his win against Marquez, Donaire stated his intention to compete in the bantamweight division (118 pounds) to challenge WBO and WBC Champion Fernando Montiel.^[50][51]

On December 4, 2010, Donaire challenged former WBA Bantamweight Champion Wladimir Sidorenko for the vacant WBC Continental Americas Bantamweight title. Donaire knocked down Sidorenko thrice and became the first man to stop Sidorenko.^[52]

The win against Sidorenko gave Donaire the chance to face Mexican Fernando Montiel.

On February 19, 2011, Donaire stopped Fernando Montiel in the second round to take the WBC and WBO Bantamweight titles.^[53] Donaire took a right to the head from the Montiel, then immediately countered with a devastating left to the head that sent Montiel crumpling to the canvas. Montiel rose to continue and Donaire rushed over to land a left and a right before referee Russell Mora stopped the fight after two minutes and 25 seconds of the second round.^[54] With the victory, Donaire became the second Filipino and third Asian to become a three-division world champion, a fighter who won world titles in three different weight divisions.^[55][56]

On February 28, 2011, the Philippine Senate formally adopted two Senate Resolutions filed by Senators Pia Cayetano and Manuel Lapid congratulating and commending Donaire for being an outstanding Filipino boxer and for bringing honor and pride to the country.^[57]

On October 22, 2011, Donaire made his New York debut by beating previously undefeated two-division world champion Omar "El Huracán" Narvaez at Madison Square Garden in New York. Donaire dominated the fight against an obviously outmatched Narvaez but did not get the knockout he sought.

Super Bantamweight[link]

After the fight between WBC Super Bantamweight Champion Toshiaki Nishioka and Rafael Márquez, Top Rank promoter Bob Arum stated that he had an agreement for the winner of the Nishioka-Marquez title fight to face Nonito Donaire, who wants to move up to super bantamweight after his WBC and WBO Bantamweight title fight with Omar Andres Narvaez. However, in an interview after Nishioka won, Arum said that the planned Donaire-Nishioka fight will not happen as earlier planned for mid-January and that "probably Nishioka won't fight Donaire until May or June (2012) because he wants to take a rest." Instead, Arum raised the possibility of Donaire fighting WBO Super Bantamweight Champion Jorge Arce.^[58]

Donaire vs. Vázquez Jr.[link]

After twelve rounds, scores of 117–110 twice were read in Donaire’s favor as the third judge had a surprising 115–112 for Vázquez Jr. He won via split decision to capture the WBO Super Bantamweight title, even though Donaire connected 60 percent of his power shots, outlanded Vázquez in eleven rounds except for the sixth round and knocked him down in the ninth round.^[59] That makes him the second Asian (only other than Manny Pacquiao) to win championships in four different divisions. Donaire fights have been broadcast on HBO since 2011. He reportedly earned 725 thousand dollars from Narvaez fight and a million dollars from Vázquez fight.^{[7][* 3]}

Professional boxing record[link]

28 Wins (18 knockouts, 10 decisions), 1 Loss (by decision), 0 Draws[60]
Res.	Record	Opponent	Type	Rd., Time	Date	Location	Notes
N/A	28–1	Jeffrey Mathebula	-	? (12)	2012-06-30	Mandalay Bay Resort and Casino, Las Vegas, United States	Defending WBO Super Bantamweight title. For IBF Super Bantamweight title.
Win	28–1	Wilfredo Vázquez, Jr.	SD	12 (12)	2012-02-04	Alamodome, San Antonio, Texas, United States	Won vacant WBO Super Bantamweight title.
Win	27–1	Omar Andres Narvaez	UD	12 (12)	2011-10-22	Madison Square Garden, New York, New York, United States	Retained WBC & WBO Bantamweight titles.
Win	26–1	Fernando Montiel	TKO	2 (12)	2011-02-19	Mandalay Bay Resort and Casino, Las Vegas, United States	Won WBC & WBO Bantamweight titles.
Win	25–1	Wladimir Sidorenko	KO	4 (12)	2010-12-04	Honda Center, Anaheim, California, United States	Won vacant WBC Continental Americas Bantamweight title.
Win	24–1	Hernan Marquez	TKO	8 (12)	2010-07-10	José Miguel Agrelot Coliseum, San Juan, Puerto Rico	Retained Interim WBA Super Flyweight title.
Win	23–1	Manuel Vargas	KO	3 (12)	2010-02-13	Las Vegas Hilton, Las Vegas, United States	Retained Interim WBA Super Flyweight title.
Win	22–1	Rafael Concepcion	UD	12 (12)	2009-08-15	Hard Rock Hotel and Casino, Las Vegas, United States	Won Interim WBA Super Flyweight title.
Win	21–1	Raúl Martínez	TKO	4 (12)	2009-04-19	Araneta Coliseum, Quezon City, Philippines	Retained IBF & IBO Flyweight titles.
Win	20–1	Moruti Mthalane	TKO	6 (12)	2008-11-01	Mandalay Bay Resort and Casino, Las Vegas, United States	Retained IBF & IBO Flyweight titles.
Win	19–1	Luis Maldonado	TKO	8 (12)	2007-12-01	Foxwoods Resort Casino, Mashantucket, United States	Retained IBF & IBO Flyweight titles.
Win	18–1	Vic Darchinyan	TKO	5 (12)	2007-07-07	Harbour Yard Arena, Bridgeport, United States	Won IBF & IBO Flyweight titles.
Win	17–1	Kevin Hudgins	TKO	1 (8)	2007-05-12	Reno Events Center, Reno, United States
Win	16–1	Oscar Andrade	UD	12 (12)	2006-10-07	Mandalay Bay Resort and Casino, Las Vegas, United States	Retained NABF Super Flyweight title.
Win	15–1	Jose Luis Cardenas	TKO	2 (8)	2006-07-29	Chumash Casino, Santa Ynez, United States
Win	14–1	Kahren Harutyunyan	SD	10 (10)	2006-01-20	Pechanga Resort and Casino, Temecula, United States	Won NABF Super Flyweight title.
Win	13–1	Ilido Julio	UD	8 (8)	2005-11-05	Caesars Tahoe, Stateline, United States
Win	12–1	Daniel Gonzalez	KO	1 (8)	2005-10-01	Reno Events Center, Reno, United States
Win	11–1	Larry Olvera	UD	6 (6)	2005-07-02	Reno Events Center, Reno, United States
Win	10–1	Paulino Villalobos	TKO	6 (8)	2005-05-13	Civic Arena, San Jose, United States
Win	9–1	Gilberto Bolanos	UD	8 (8)	2004-11-12	Quiet Cannon, Montebello, United States
Win	8–1	Ricardo Barreras	TKO	4 (6)	2004-06-18	Quiet Cannon, Montebello, United States
Win	7–1	Jorge Lopez	TKO	1 (6)	2003-06-27	Mare Island Sports Center, Vallejo, United States
Win	6–1	Mark Sales	TKO	5 (12)	2002-11-02	Joe Cantada Boxing Arena, Taguig City, Philippines
Win	5–1	Kaichon Sor Vorapin	KO	2 (12)	2002-09-01	University of Guam, Agana, Guam	Won vacant WBO Asia Pacific Super Flyweight title.
Win	4–1	Noel Alma	KO	1 (?)	2002-05-31	Elorde Sports Complex, Parañaque City, Philippines
Win	3–1	Jose Luis Torres	TKO	1 (4)	2001-07-03	Hyatt Regency Hotel, Monterey, United States
Win	2–1	Saul Santoyo	UD	4 (4)	2001-06-08	Hollywood Park Casino, Inglewood, United States
Loss	1–1	Rosendo Sanchez	UD	5 (5)	2001-03-10	Pacific Sports Center, Vallejo, United States
Win	1–0	Jose Lazaro	KO	1 (4)	2001-02-22	Hollywood Park Casino, Inglewood, United States

Titles in boxing[link]

Amateur career[link]

National:

• 1998 National Silver Gloves Champion
• 1999 National Jr. Olympics Champion
• 2000 National USA Tournament Champion

International:

• 1999 International Jr. Olympics Champion

Professional career[link]

Major World Titles:

• IBF Flyweight Champion (112 lbs)
• Interim WBA Super Flyweight Champion (115 lbs)
• WBO Bantamweight Champion (118 lbs)
• WBC Bantamweight Champion (118 lbs)
• WBO Super Bantamweight Champion (122 lbs)

Minor World Titles:

• IBO Flyweight Champion (112 lbs)

Regional/International Titles:

• WBO Asia Pacific Flyweight Champion (112 lbs)
• NABF Super Flyweight Champion (115 lbs)
• WBC Continental Americas Bantamweight Champion (118 lbs)

In popular culture[link]

Donaire had TV guest appearances and joined the third season of Celebrity Duets episodes on GMA.^[4]

Donaire is also featured in the videogame Fight Night Round 4.^[61]

Recognitions[link]

• 2007 & 2011 Philippine Sportswriters Association (PSA) Sportsman of the Year^[62]
• 2007 The Ring Knockout of the Year (in Round 5 against Vic Darchinyan)
• 2007 The Ring Upset of the Year (5th Round Knockout against Vic Darchinyan)
• 2007 World Boxing Hall of Fame Most Outstanding Boxer of the Year
• 2009, 2010 & 2011 Gabriel "Flash" Elorde Memorial Boxer of the Year
• 2011 The Ring Knockout of the Year (in Round 2 against Fernando Montiel)
• 2011 Sports Illustrated Knockout of the Year^[63]
• 2011 ESPN Knockout of the Year^[64]

See also[link]

• List of current world boxing champions
• List of Filipino boxing world champions
• List of WBA world champions
• List of WBC world champions
• List of IBF world champions
• List of WBO world champions
• List of IBO world champions
• List of flyweight boxing champions
• List of super flyweight boxing champions
• List of bantamweight boxing champions
• List of boxing triple champions
• List of boxing quadruple champions
• The Ring pound for pound

Notes[link]

References[link]

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