RTI-177 (2β-(3-phenylisoxazol-5-yl)-3β-(4-chlorophenyl)tropane, β-CPPIT) is a synthetic stimulant drug from the phenyltropane family, which acts as a DRI with micromolar affinity for the SERT.[1] RTI-177 has an unusually long duration of action of 20 hours or more, substantially longer than the related compound RTI-336 from which it differs in molecular structure only by the absence of a p-methyl group.[2]
"the nonselective monoamine transporter inhibitor RTI-126 and the DAT-selective inhibitors RTI-150 and RTI-336 both had a faster rate of onset (30 min) and a short duration of action (4h). In contrast, the nonselective monoamine transporter inhibitor RTI-112 had a slower rate of onset (30–60 min) and a longer duration of action (10h). The DAT-selective inhibitors RTI-171 and RTI-177 also had slower rates of onset (30–120 min), but RTI-171 had a short duration of action (2.5 h) while RTI-177 had a very long duration of action (20 h)."[3]
[edit] Update
Lower reinforcing strength of the phenyltropane cocaine analogs RTI-336 and RTI-177 compared to cocaine in nonhuman primates.
[edit] Comparison of six MAT inhibitors
![HeteroCD.GIF](//web.archive.org./web/20130425183526im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/3c/HeteroCD.GIF)
In the Lindsey paper, RTI-177 was wrongly considered to be a dual inhibitor of the NET, although this was later found out to be incorrect (despite being written in plain English).[weasel words]
"In acute toxicity studies in male rats, 3β-(4-chlorophenyl)-2β-[3-(4’-methylphenyl)isoxazol-5-yl]tropane (RTI-336) possessed an LD50 of 180 mg/kg after oral administration, compared with 49 mg/kg for RTI-177 (unpublished results, Howell 2005; Table 9). These results suggested that RTI-336 was a better candidate than RTI-177 for further preclinical development."[2]
Also the potency of the heterocyclic compounds is not as great as would be predicted based on in vitro test results.
[edit] References
- ^ [1] Lindsey, K.P., Wilcox, K.M., Votaw, J.R., Goodman, M.M., Plisson, C., Carroll, F.I., Rice, K.C., Howell, L.L. Effects of dopamine transporter inhibitors on cocaine self-administration in rhesus monkeys: relationship to transporter occupancy determined by positron emission tomography neuroimaging. Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, 309: 959-969, 2004.
- ^ a b [2] Carroll FI, Howard JL, Howell LL, Fox BS, Kuhar MJ. Development of the dopamine transporter selective RTI-336 as a pharmacotherapy for cocaine abuse. AAPS J. 2006 Mar 24;8(1):E196-203.
- ^ [3] Kimmel HL, O'Connor JA, Carroll FI, Howell LL. Faster onset and dopamine transporter selectivity predict stimulant and reinforcing effects of cocaine analogs in squirrel monkeys. Pharmacol Biochem Behav. 2007 Jan;86(1):45-54.
|
|
2-Carboxymethyl Esters |
|
|
(3,4-Disubstituted Phenyl)-tropanes |
|
|
Arylcarboxy |
|
|
Carboxyalkyl |
|
|
Acyl |
|
|
β,α Stereochemistry |
|
|
α,β Stereochemistry |
|
|
Heterocycles: 3-Substituted-isoxazol-5-yl |
|
|
Heterocycles: 3-Substituted-1,2,4-oxadiazole |
|
|
N-alkyl |
|
|
N-replaced (S,O,C) |
|
|
Irreversible |
|
|
Nortropanes (N-demethylated) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
- Adamantanes: Amantadine
- Memantine
- Rimantadine; Aminotetralins: 7-OH-DPAT
- 8-OH-PBZI
- Rotigotine
- UH-232; Benzazepines: 6-Br-APB
- Fenoldopam
- SKF-38,393
- SKF-77,434
- SKF-81,297
- SKF-82,958
- SKF-83,959; Ergolines: Bromocriptine
- Cabergoline
- Dihydroergocryptine
- Epicriptine
- Lisuride
- LSD
- Pergolide; Dihydrexidine derivatives: 2-OH-NPA
- A-86,929
- Ciladopa
- Dihydrexidine
- Dinapsoline
- Dinoxyline
- Doxanthrine; Others: A-68,930
- A-77636
- A-412,997
- ABT-670
- ABT-724
- Aplindore
- Apomorphine
- Aripiprazole
- Bifeprunox
- BP-897
- CY-208,243
- Dizocilpine
- Etilevodopa
- Flibanserin
- Ketamine
- Melevodopa
- Modafinil
- Pardoprunox
- Phencyclidine
- PD-128,907
- PD-168,077
- PF-219,061
- Piribedil
- Pramipexole
- Propylnorapomorphine
- Pukateine
- Quinagolide
- Quinelorane
- Quinpirole
- RDS-127
- Ro10-5824
- Ropinirole
- Rotigotine
- Roxindole
- Salvinorin A
- SKF-89,145
- Sumanirole
- Terguride
- Umespirone
- WAY-100,635
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|