However Eomaia is not a true placental mammal as it lacks some features that are specific to placentals. Eomaia features: the presence of a malleolus at the bottom of the fibula, the smaller of the two shin bones. a complete mortise and tenon upper ankle joint, where the rearmost bones of the foot fit into a socket formed by the ends of the tibia and fibula. an atypical ancestral eutherian dental formula, 5.1.5.3/4.1.5.3 (incisors, canines, premolars, molars on each side of the top and bottom jaws respectively). Eomaia had five upper and four lower incisors (much more typical for metatherians) and five premolars to three molars. Placental mammals, the only surviving eutherians, have only up to three incisors on each top and bottom and four premolars to three molars, but the premolar/molar proportion is similar to placentals.
a wide opening at the bottom of the pelvis, which allows the birth of large, well-developed offspring. Marsupials have and non-placental eutherians had a narrower opening that allows only small, immature offspring to pass through.In addition Eomaia has epipubic bones extending forwards from the pelvis, which are not found in any placental, but are found in all other mammals - non-placental eutherians, marsupials, monotremes and mammaliformes – and even in the cynodont therapsids that are closest to mammals. Their function is to stiffen the body during locomotion. This stiffening would be harmful in pregnant placentals, whose abdomens need to expand. Its discoverers claim that, on the basis of 268 characters sampled from all major Mesozoic mammal clades and principal eutherian families of the Cretaceous, Eomaia is placed at the root of the eutherian "family tree" along with Murtoilestes and Prokennalestes. The Eomaia fossil shows clear traces of hair. However this is not the earliest clear evidence of hair in the mammalian lineage, as fossils of Volaticotherium, and the docodont Castorocauda, discovered in rocks dated to about , also have traces of fur.
Category:Prehistoric placental mammals Category:Prehistoric mammals of Asia Category:Cretaceous mammals Category:Transitional fossil
ca:Eomaia scansoria cs:Eomaia de:Eomaia scansoria es:Eomaia fr:Eomaia it:Eomaia scansoria nl:Eomaia ja:エオマイア pl:Eomaia pt:Eomaia scansoria simple:Eomaia zh:始祖獸This text is licensed under the Creative Commons CC-BY-SA License. This text was originally published on Wikipedia and was developed by the Wikipedia community.
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