State of Mato Grozzo
—  State  —
Flag Coat of arms
Location of State of Mato Grosso in Brazil
Coordinates: 15°34′S 56°04′W / 15.567°S 56.067°W / -15.567; -56.067Coordinates: 15°34′S 56°04′W / 15.567°S 56.067°W / -15.567; -56.067
Country	Brazil
Capital and Largest City	Cuiabá
Government
• Governor	Silval da Cunha Barbosa (PMDB)
• Vice Governor
Area
• Total	903,357 km2 (348,788 sq mi)
Area rank	3rd
Population (2010 census)[1]
• Total	3,033,991
• Rank	19th
• Density	3.4/km2 (8.7/sq mi)
• Density rank	25th
Demonym	Mato-grossense
GDP
• Year	2006 estimate
• Total	R$ 35,284,000,000 (15th)
• Per capita	R$ 12,350 (8th)
HDI
• Year	2005
• Category	0.801 – medium (11th)
Time zone	BRT-1 (UTC-4)
• Summer (DST)	BRST-1 (UTC-3)
Postal Code	78000-000 to 78890-000
ISO 3166 code	BR-MT

Mato Grosso (Portuguese pronunciation: [ˈmatu ˈɡɾosu] – lit. "Thick Bushes") is one of the states of Brazil, the third largest in area, located in the western part of the country.^[2]

Neighboring states are (from west clockwise) Rondônia, Amazonas, Pará, Tocantins, Goiás and Mato Grosso do Sul. It also borders Bolivia to the southwest. A state with a flat landscape, alternating great chapadas and plain areas, Mato Grosso presents three different ecosystems: Cerrado, Pantanal and the Amazon Rainforest. The vegetation of the open pasture covers 40% of the state, and the Chapada dos Guimarães National Park, with its caves, grottos, tracks and waterfalls, is one of its great tourist attractions. In the north is the Amazonian forest, with a biodiversity covering half of the state. The Xingu National Park and the Araguaia River are in Mato Grosso. Further south, the Pantanal, the world's largest wetland, is the habitat for almost a thousand species of animals, with many aquatic birds.

Geography[link]

Véu de Noiva waterfall in Chapada dos Guimarães.

Located in the Mato Grosso is the Chapada dos Guimarães, a unique and beautiful environment made from sandstone mountains and their subsequent erosion. The terrain of the Mato Grosso is varied and includes cliffs, canyons, and beautiful waterfalls.

The biologically rich Pantanal, one of the world's largest wetland/prairie ecosystems, is also located within this state. Much environmental degradation has occurred to the Pantanal within the past few decades, and it shows no sign of stopping anytime soon. The Pantanal can be compared to the Everglades in Florida, as both share much in common, habitat wise, although the Pantanal is of much larger scale.

Guaporé River in Mato Grosso

History[link]

Skyline in Cuiabá

In 1977, the state was split into two halves, with Mato Grosso do Sul becoming a new state. The Bororo Indians live in the Mato Grosso area. As late as 1880, soldiers patrolled lands on the outskirts of Cuiabá, Mato Grosso's capital and largest city, to protect settlers from Bororo raids.

By the end of the 19th century, although severely reduced by disease and by warfare with explorers, slave traders, prospectors, settlers, and other indigenous groups, as many as five to ten thousand Bororo continued to occupy central and eastern Mato Grosso, as well as western Goiás.^[3] The southwestern part of it was ceded to Bolivia in exchange for Acre, according to Treaty of Petrópolis in 1903.

The historic remoteness of this area led it to be the subject of exploration, most notably by Captain Percy Fawcett, in the quest for lost cities. It was also the rumored location of access to the interior of the earth in various Hollow Earth theories.

Demographics[link]

Rondonópolis at night

According to the IBGE of 2008, 3,010,000 people resided in the state. The population density was 3.2 inh./km².

Urbanization: 76.6% (2006); Population growth: 2.4% (1991–2000); Houses: 836,000 (2006).^[4]

The last PNAD (National Research for Sample of Domiciles) census revealed the following numbers: 1,532,000 Brown (Multiracial) people (50.92%), 1,179,000 White people (39.16%), 239,000 Black people (7.93%), 41,000 Amerindian people (1.37%), 14,000 Asian people (0.45%).^[5]

Economy[link]

Agriculture is the largest component of GDP at 40.8%, followed by the service sector at 40.2%. The industrial sector represents 19% of GDP (2004). Mato Grosso exports: soybeans 83%, wood 5.6%, meats 4.8%, and cotton 3.3% (2002).

The state's share of the Brazilian economy is 1.7% (2005).

Interesting facts[link]

Vehicles: 745,810 (March/2007); Mobile phones: 323,000 (April/2007); Telephones: 527,000 (April/2007); Cities: 141 (2007).^[6]

Education[link]

Federal University of Mato Grosso in Cuiabá

Portuguese is the official national language, as well as the primary language taught in schools. However, English and Spanish are part of the official high school curriculum.

There are more than 58 universities in state of Mato Grosso.^[7]

Cuiabá is home to the following universities:

• Federal University of Mato Grosso (UFMT);
• State University of Mato Grosso (Unemat);
• Universidade de Cuiabá (Unic)

Culture[link]

The Local culture is very rich, due to the influences of and encounters with various cultures, such as Native Americans, the original settlers, the Africans enslaved originally by the Portuguese, and Europeans, beginning with the Portuguese settlers and other European immigrants who arrived later. Two long periods of isolation also contributed to its differentiation, which has been somewhat diluted by recent immigration. Cuiabá has an interesting cuisine influenced by natives, with their typical dances, craftwork, and music.

Dance and music were traditionally connected to the worship of Catholic saints and their festivals, Saint Benedict (the city's patron), being one of the favorite.

Theatre of Federal University of Mato Grosso

Carnaval[link]

The four-day period before Lent leading up to Ash Wednesday, known as carnaval is well celebrated. As with every state in Brazil, Mato Grosso celebrates this holiday in a typical fashion - including parades, music, and dance - with wide participation.

Tourism and recreation[link]

Alta Floresta[link]

Fishing in the Teles Pires, São Benedito and Azul rivers is productive practically all year long.

Bird watching: with the more than 570 species of catalogued birds and new species being discovered every year, the region of Alta Floresta, Cristalino and Azul River Basin receives constant visits from famous ornithologists and bird watchers.

Chapada dos Guimarães[link]

The largest sandstone cavern in Brazil, Aroe Jari, extends nearly 1550 meters and several prehistoric inscriptions can be found inside.

North Pantanal[link]

The Pantanal's backbone is the Paraguay River, which cuts through the region from north to south. The Miranda, Aquidauna, Taquari and Cuiaba rivers flow into the Paraguay River. From October to April, the high waters reveal outsized lakes, bays, river branches and outlets.

The Transpantaneira Highway connects the town of Pocone to Jofre Port, along the Cuiabá River bank. It is a dirt road with 126 wooden bridges, and extends for 149 km. On the way, it is possible to observe wild animals, especially alligators, capybaras and birds, among other wild animals.

SESC's Private Natural Heritage Reserve (RPPN) increases by one-third the total area of this preserved ecosystem in the State of Mato Grosso.

Over 160 different species of birds have been observed in the Pantanal, and still many species in the area have not yet been identified.

• 

  Paraguay River in Mato Grosso

• 

  Salgadeira Waterfall

• 

  Andorinha Waterfall

• 

  Pantanal in Mato Grosso

• 

  Cuiabá River

Infrastructure[link]

International Airport[link]

Marechal Rondon International Airport in Cuiabá

BR-163-364-070 in Mato Grosso.

The runway at Marechal Rondon International Airport was opened to traffic in 1956. In February 1975, Infraero took over the airport's administration and began various upgrades to meet the needs of the airport complex.

As of 1996, Marechal Rondon International Airport, located 10 km (6.21 mi) from the city center, started receiving international flights. Currently, it serves more than half a million passengers a year.

Highways[link]

• BR-070;
• BR-173;
• BR-174;
• BR-158;
• BR-163;
• BR-197;
• BR-242;
• BR-252;
• BR-364;
• MT-100;
• MT-358.

Sports[link]

Cuiabá is one of 12 cities chosen to host games of the 2014 FIFA World Cup, which will happen in Brazil.

Flag[link]

The flag has the same colors as the national flag, with blue symbolizing the sky, green the vegetation, and white standing for peace. The star is yellow to symbolize the gold, which attracted the first settlers. The flag was adopted by Decree No. 2 of January 31, 1890, just few days after the adoption of the national flag. The Mato Grosso state flag was abolished by Law No. 1.046 of October 8, 1929, but reinstated by article 140 of the Constitution of the State of Mato Grosso on July 11, 1947.

References[link]

External links[link]

Find more about Mato Grosso on Wikipedia's sister projects:
	Definitions and translations from Wiktionary
	Images and media from Commons
	Learning resources from Wikiversity
	News stories from Wikinews
	Quotations from Wikiquote
	Source texts from Wikisource
	Textbooks from Wikibooks

• (Portuguese) Official Website

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This article is about the municipality. For the surname, see Grosso (surname). For the coin, see Grosso of Venice.

Grosso
—  Comune  —
Comune di Grosso
Grosso Location of Grosso in Italy
Coordinates: 45°16′N 7°34′E / 45.267°N 7.567°E / 45.267; 7.567Coordinates: 45°16′N 7°34′E / 45.267°N 7.567°E / 45.267; 7.567
Country	Italy
Region	Piedmont
Province	Province of Turin (TO)
Government
• Mayor	?
Area
• Total	4.3 km2 (1.7 sq mi)
Population (Dec. 2004)
• Total	1,002
• Density	230/km2 (600/sq mi)
Time zone	CET (UTC+1)
• Summer (DST)	CEST (UTC+2)
Postal code	10070
Dialing code	011

Grosso is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Turin in the Italian region Piedmont, located about 25 km northwest of Turin. As of 31 December 2004, it had a population of 1,002 and an area of 4.3 km².^[1]

Grosso borders the following municipalities: Corio, Mathi, Nole, and Villanova Canavese.

Demographic evolution[link]

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References[link]

1. ^ All demographics and other statistics: Italian statistical institute Istat.

This article on a location in the Province of Turin is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it. v t e

Ney Matogrosso
Background information
Birth name	Ney de Sousa Pereira
Born	(1941-08-01) August 1, 1941 (age 70) Bela Vista, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil
Genres	MPB
Occupations	Singer, music producer
Instruments	Singer
Years active	1971–present
Associated acts	Secos & Molhados

Ney de Sousa Pereira, known as Ney Matogrosso (born August 1, 1941, in Bela Vista, Mato Grosso do Sul) is a Brazilian singer who is distinguished for his uncommon sopranino voice.^[1]

Biography[link]

Matogrosso enlisted in the Brazilian Air Force at the age of 17, being later transferred to Brasília. Within a few years, Matogrosso started singing in a vocal quartet, performing at college festivals throughout Brazil. With the hope of becoming a stage actor, Ney moved to Rio de Janeiro in 1966, where he lived as a hippie and made ends meet by selling arts and crafts. In 1971, he moved to São Paulo, adopting the artistic name Ney Matogrosso, and joined the glam rock group Secos & Molhados, which in less than 18 months became a phenomenon, selling 1 million records. Endowed with a unique counter-tenor voice and a striking stage presence, Ney’s career soared.

After the group Secos e Molhados split up, Ney pursued a successful solo career in Brazil and abroad, obtaining several Gold and Platinum records.

Famous for his outlandish costumes, make-up, daring movements and singular high-pitched voice, Ney has always been regarded as a controversial character. One of his greatest hits was the song "Homem com H" (by Antônio Barros).

In the 1970s he released albums that were very important for his career: "Pecado", "Bandido", "Feitiço" and "Seu Tipo". In that period, Ney toured round United States, Argentina, Uruguay, Europe and Israel, performing hits like "América do Sul" (Paulo Machado), "Bandolero" (Lucinha) and "Não Existe Pecado ao Sul do Equador" (Chico Buarque/ Rui Guerra). In the 80's, Ney recorded "Por Debaixo dos Panos" (Ceceu), "Tanto Amar" (Chico Buarque), "Ando Meio Desligado" (Mutantes), "Sangue Latino" (João Ricardo/ Paulo Mendonça) and "Vereda Tropical" (Gonzalo Curiel).

In 1986, Matogrosso performed for the first time without wearing fancy costumes, adopting a low-key image. Since then, he has focused on his work as a singer, recording from the traditional repertoire of MPB (Música Popular Brasileira — the so-called Brazilian pop music genre). Recordings in this genre first appeared on the album "O Pescador de Pérolas" (1986), which featured "O Mundo É um Moinho" (Cartola), "Dora" (Dorival Caymmi), "Da Cor do Pecado" (Bororó) and "Aquarela do Brasil" (Ary Barroso).

Ney toured with guitarist Raphael Rabello, with whom he recorded the album "À Flor da Pele" in 1990. Then, he made two albums as a tribute to Brazilian performers/songwriters, like Ângela Maria ("Estava Escrito", 1994) and Chico Buarque ("Um Brasileiro", 1996).

Discography[link]

Albums[link]

Wikiquote has a collection of quotations related to: Ney Matogrosso

• Água do Céu-Pássaro, also known as Homem de Neanderthal (1975)
• Bandido (1976)
• Pecado (1977)
• Feitiço (1978)
• Seu Tipo (1979)
• Sujeito Estranho (1980)
• Ney Matogrosso (1981)
• Mato Grosso (1982)
• ...Pois É (1983)
• Destino de Aventureiro (1984)
• Bugre (1986)
• Pescador de Pérolas (1987)
• Quem Não Vive Tem Medo da Morte (1988)
• Ney Matogrosso Ao Vivo (1989)
• À Flor da Pele (1990) - with Raphael Rabello
• As Aparências Enganam (1993) - with Aquarela Carioca
• Estava Escrito (1994)
• Um Brasileiro (1996)
• O Cair da Tarde (1997)
• Olhos de Farol (1999)
• Vivo (2000)
• Batuque (2001)
• Ney Matogrosso Interpreta Cartola (2002)
• Ney Matogrosso Interpreta Cartola Ao Vivo (2003)
• Vagabundo (2004) - with Pedro Luís e a Parede
• Canto em Qualquer Canto (2005)
• Vagabundo ao vivo(2005) - with Pedro Luís e a Parede

Extras[link]

• A FLORESTA DO AMAZONAS - VILLA-LOBOS 1988
• BRAZIL NIGHT - AO VIVO EM MONTREUX - CAETANO VELOSO, JOÃO BOSCO E NEY MATOGROSSO 1983

Compilations[link]

• VINTE E CINCO 1996
• JUNTOS - NEY MATOGROSSO e SECOS & MOLHADOS

Appearances[link]

• Secos e Molhados (1973)
• Secos e Molhados (1974)
• GRAVADO AO VIVO NO MARACANÃZINHO (1980)

References[link]

Caetano Veloso
Caetano Veloso at Umbria Jazz (Perugia, Italy)
Background information
Birth name	Caetano Emanuel Viana Teles Veloso
Born	(1942-08-07) August 7, 1942 (age 69)
Origin	Santo Amaro da Purificação, Bahia, Brazil
Genres	Música Popular Brasileira, tropicalismo, psychedelic rock, folk rock, standards
Occupations	Singer-songwriter, musician, writer
Instruments	Vocals, guitar
Years active	1967–present
Labels	RCA, Universal Music Group
Associated acts	Gilberto Gil, Maria Bethânia, Gal Costa, Chico Buarque, Os Mutantes, Jorge Ben, João Gilberto
Website	http://www.caetanoveloso.com.br

Caetano Emanuel Viana Teles Veloso (Portuguese pronunciation: [kaeˈtɐ̃nu emanuˈɛw viˈɐ̃nɐ ˈtɛlis veˈlozu]; born August 7, 1942), better known as Caetano Veloso, is a Brazilian composer, singer, guitarist, writer, and political activist. Veloso first became known for his participation in the Brazilian musical movement Tropicalismo, which encompassed theatre, poetry and music in the 1960s, at the beginning of the Brazilian military dictatorship. He has remained a constant creative influence and best-selling performing artist and composer ever since.

Veloso was born in the city of Santo Amaro da Purificação, in Bahia, a state in the northeastern area of Brazil, but moved to Salvador, the state capital, as a college student in the mid-1960s. Soon after the move, Veloso won a music contest and was signed to his first label. He became one of the founders of Tropicalismo with a group of several other musicians and artists—including his sister Maria Bethânia—in the same period. However the Brazilian government at the time viewed Veloso's music and political action as threatening, and he was arrested, along with fellow musician Gilberto Gil, in 1969. The two eventually were exiled from Brazil, and went to London, where they lived for two years. After he moved back to his home country, in 1972, Veloso once again began recording and performing, becoming popular outside of Brazil in the 1980s and 1990s.

Biography[link]

Early years (1942–1969)[link]

	"O Leãozinho" noicon A 19 second sample of "O Leãozinho", a song recorded relatively early in Veloso's career.
Problems listening to this file? See media help.

Veloso was born in Santo Amaro da Purificação, Bahia, the fifth of seven children of José Teles Veloso (1901–1983) and Claudionor Viana Teles Veloso (born 1907). His childhood was influenced greatly by artistic endeavors: he was interested in both literature and filmmaking as a child, but focused mainly on music. The musical style of bossa nova and João Gilberto, one of its most prominent exponents, were major influences on Veloso's music as he grew up.^[1] Veloso first heard Gilberto at 17 years old, and describes the musician as his "supreme master."^[2] He recognizes Gilberto's contribution to Brazilian music as new—"illuminating" the tradition of Brazilian music and paving the way for future innovation.^[2] Veloso moved to the Bahian port city of Salvador as a teenager, the city in which Gilberto lived and a center of Afro-Brazilian culture and music.^[3]

1n 1965 he moved again to Rio de Janeiro, with his sister Maria Bethânia, also a musician. Shortly after the move, Veloso won a lyrics contest for his composition "Um Dia" and was signed to Philips Records.^[4] Beginning in 1967, with collaborators including Bethânia, Gilberto Gil, Gal Costa, Tom Zé, and Os Mutantes, Veloso developed Tropicalismo, which fused Brazilian pop with rock and roll and avant-garde music. Veloso describes the movement as a wish to be different—not "defensive" like the right-wing Brazilian military government, which vehemently opposed the movement. Leftist college students also condemned Tropicalismo because they believed it commercialized Brazilian traditional music by incorporating musical influence from other cultures, specifically the United States.^[2] Even though Tropicalismo was controversial among traditional critics, it introduced to Música Popular Brasileira new elements for making music with an eclectic style.^[5]

Veloso studied philosophy at the Universidade Federal da Bahia,^[1] which influenced both his artistic expression and viewpoint on life. Two of his favorite philosophers were Jean-Paul Sartre and Martin Heidegger.^[5] Veloso's leftist political stance earned him the enmity of Brazil's military dictatorship which ruled until 1985; his songs were frequently censored and some banned. Veloso and Gil spent several months in prison in 1969 and then were sent into exile. He said that "they didn't imprison us for any song or any particular thing that we said," ascribing the government's reaction to its unfamiliarity with the cultural phenomenon of Tropicália—they seemed to say "We might as well put them in prison."^[6] The federal police detained the two and flew them to an unknown destination. Finally, Veloso and Gil lived out their exile in London, England. When Caetano was asked about his experience there he says, "London felt dark, and I felt far away from myself." Nevertheless, the two improved their music there and were asked to make a musical production with the producer Ralph Mace.^[5]

Musical career (1972–present)[link]

Veloso performs in Lisbon, Portugal in 2007

Veloso's work upon his return in 1972 was often characterized by frequent merging not only of international styles but of Brazilian folkloric styles and rhythms as well. His popularity grew outside Brazil in the 1980s, especially in Israel, Greece, Portugal, France, and Africa. His records released in the United States, such as O Estrangeiro, helped gain him a larger audience.

To celebrate 25 years of Tropicalismo, Veloso and Gilberto Gil released a CD called Tropicalia 2 in 1993.^[7] One song, "Haiti", attracted people's attention during the time, especially because it included powerful statements about sociopolitical issues present in Haiti and also in Brazil. Issues addressed in the song included ethnicity, poverty, homelessness, and capital corruption in the AIDS pandemic.^[7][8] By 2004, he was one of the most respected and prolific international pop stars, with more than 50 recordings available including songs in film soundtracks of Michelangelo Antonioni's Eros, Pedro Almodóvar's Hable con ella, and Frida, for which he performed at the 75th Academy Awards but did not win. In 2002 Veloso published an account of his early years and the Tropicalismo movement, Tropical Truth: A Story of Music and Revolution in Brazil.

His first all-English CD was A Foreign Sound (2004), which covers Nirvana's "Come as You Are" and compositions from the Great American Songbook such as "The Carioca" (music by Vincent Youmans and lyrics by Edward Eliscu and Gus Kahn), "Always" (music and lyrics by Irving Berlin), "Manhattan" (music by Richard Rodgers and lyrics by Lorenz Hart), "Love for Sale" (music and lyrics by Cole Porter), and "Something Good" (music and lyrics by Richard Rodgers). Five of the six songs on his third eponymous album, released in 1971, were also in English.

Veloso has contributed songs to two AIDS benefit compilation albums produced by the Red Hot Organization: Red Hot + Rio (1996) and Onda Sonora: Red Hot + Lisbon (1998).

In 2011, he again contributed two songs to the Red Hot Organization's most recent compilation album, "Red Hot + Rio 2." The two tracks include Terra (Prefuse 73 '3 Mellotrons In A Quiet Room' Version) and Dreamworld: Marco de Canaveses, in collaboration with David Byrne.

His September 2006 album, Cê, was released by Nonesuch Records in the United States. It won two Latin Grammy Awards, one for best singer-songwriter^[9] and one for Best Portuguese Song, "Não Me Arrependo".^[10] With a total of five Latin Grammys, Veloso has received more than any other Brazilian performer.

Veloso has been called "one of the greatest songwriters of the century"^[11] and "a pop musician/poet/filmmaker/political activist whose stature in the pantheon of international pop musicians is on a par with that of Bob Dylan, Bob Marley, and Lennon/McCartney".^[4]

Veloso has won five Latin Grammy Awards.^{[citation needed]}

Personal life[link]

Veloso's first marriage in 1969 was to a dance student named Andréa Gadelha, known as Dedé, who was the sister of Gilberto Gil's ex-wife Sandra Gadelha. With Dedé, he had his first son Moreno, born in 1972. In 1982 Veloso started a relationship with Paula Lavigne. Veloso's marriage with Gadelha ended in 1983 and he married Lavigne in 1986 when she was 17. The couple had two sons: Zeca (born 1992) and Tom (born 1997). Veloso and Lavigne divorced in 2004.

Musical style[link]

Veloso's home, Bahia, has had a decisive role in his music. He praises Bahia for its importance in Brazil's colonial period—when the Portuguese first came—as well as for Bahia's contribution to Brazilian music. He has cited among his musical influences Amália Rodrigues, Cole Porter, the Rolling Stones 1969 tour, and above all, João Gilberto.

Veloso says that he is unable to make a comparison between his musical style in the 1960s, at the height of Tropicália, and his current work. He does note, however, that he has been able to accomplish music of a higher quality later in his career; that he is "better at everything."^[2]

Discography[link]

References[link]

Sources

• Perrone, Charles A. (1989) Masters of Contemporary Brazilian Song: MPB 1965-1985. Austin: University of Texas Press. Chapter 2 "Other Words and Other Worlds of Caetano Veloso."
• Wald, Elijah (2007). Global Minstrels: Voices of World Music. New York City, New York: Routledge. ISBN 0-415-97930-7. 
• Veloso, Caetano (2003). Tropical Truth: A Story of Music and Revolution in Brazil. New York City, New York: Alfred A. Knopf. 
• Mei, Giancarlo (2004) (in Italian). Canto Latino: Origine, Evoluzione e Protagonisti della Musica Popolare del Brasile. Stampa Alternativa-Nuovi Equilibri. 
• Veloso, Caetano (1997). Alegria, Alegria. Rio de Janeiro, Brazil: Pedra que Ronca. 
• Veloso, Caetano (1997). Verdade tropical. São Paulo, Brazil: Companhia das Letras. 
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• Veloso, Caetano (2005). O mundo não é chato. São Paulo, Brazil: Companhia das Letras. 
• Morais Junior, Luís Carlos de (2004). Crisólogo: O estudante de poesia Caetano Veloso. Rio de Janeiro, Brazil: HP Comunicação.