- published: 12 Dec 2011
- views: 75452
- author: gt68100
Vimeo results:
Youtube results:
add
Loading...
Branches of Mathematics
Pure mathematics
Applied mathematics
- Dynamical systems and differential equations
- Mathematical physics
- Computing
- Information theory and signal processing
- Probability and statistics
- Game theory
- Operations research
Related Topics
- Electromagnetic Spectrum
- Linear Equations
- Applied Physics
- Nano Technology
- Engineering Sciences
- Mathematical Medicine
- Fluid dynamics
- Computational Mathematics
- Gamma Ray Optics
- Onfrared Optics
- Relative Velocity
- Iciam
- Intelligent Imaging Neuroscience
- Biomedical Engineering
- Neuroscience Research
- Quantum Cosmology
- Brain Research
![What's wrong with the Greeks? [Swedish documentary - subbed]](http://web.archive.org./web/20130408014627im_/http://i.ytimg.com/vi/mMQF2rSHnbw/default.jpg "A Swedish documentary about the economic crisis in Greece. The documentary was made from Alexandra Pascalidou on behalf of SVT Swedish television. The origin...")
Open Collage in a new Window
Email the Collage
- Loading...
Loading suggestions ...
- 323 BC
- 3rd millennium BC
- 776 BC
- Abashevo culture
- Abkhaz people
- Academy Award
- Achaea
- Achaeans (Homer)
- Achaeans (tribe)
- Achaemenid Empire
- Achelous
- Achilleus
- Adana
- Aegean civilizations
- Aegean dispute
- Aegean Islands
- Aegean Sea
- Aeolians
- Aeolic
- Aeschines
- Afanasevo culture
- Afghanistan
- Albania
- Albanian language
- Albanians
- Alekos Sakellarios
- Alexander the Great
- Alexandria
- Alexandria Eschate
- Alexiad
- Alexios I Komnenos
- Altay people
- Altes Museum
- Amarna
- Amhara people
- Amphictyon
- Amphictyonic League
- Anatolia
- Anatolian languages
- Anatolians
- Ancient Greece
- Ancient Rome
- Andronovo culture
- Angelos Sikelianos
- Anna Komnene
- Anthony D. Smith
- Antioch
- Antiochian Greeks
- Apollo
- Arab Christians
- Arcadocypriot Greek
- Archaic Greece
- Archbishop Makarios
- Archimedes
- Argentina
- Argos
- Aristotle
- Aristotle Onassis
- Armenia
- Armenian language
- Armenians
- Aromanian language
- Aromanians
- Arvanites
- Arvanitika
- Asia
- Asia Minor
- Asia minor
- Assyrian people
- Athenian Empire
- Athens
- Australia
- Austria
- Autochthonous
- Ayvalik
- Baden culture
- Balkan sprachbund
- Balkans
- Baltic languages
- Balts
- Bank of Greece
- Banking in Greece
- Barbarian
- Basil II
- Battle of Gaugamela
- Battle of Issus
- Beaker culture
- Beekes
- Belarusians
- Belgium
- Berlin
- Bharuch
- Black Sea
- Boeotia
- Boetia
- Bosphorus
- Brazil
- British Empire
- British Greeks
- Bronze Age
- Bronze Age collapse
- Bulgaria
- Bulgarian language
- Bulgarians
- Byzantine art
- Byzantine Emperor
- Byzantine Empire
- Byzantine Greece
- Byzantine Greeks
- Byzantine science
- Cabinet of Greece
- Canada
- Cappadocia
- Carl Blegen
- Catacomb culture
- Catalogue of Women
- Category Greece
- Celtic languages
- Celts
- Central Asia
- Central Europe
- Cernavodă culture
- Cesare Vecellio
- Charlemagne
- Chasséen culture
- Chernoles culture
- Chile
- China
- Chinese language
- Chinese people
- Chios
- Christian
- Christianity
- Chukchi people
- Church of Greece
- Chuvash people
- CIA World Factbook
- Cilicia
- Cimon
- Cinema of Greece
- Classical antiquity
- Classical Athens
- Classical Greece
- Cleopatra VII
- Climate of Greece
- Colchian culture
- Communist
- Constantine Andreou
- Constantine Cavafy
- Constantine XI
- Constantinople
- Copts
- Corded Ware culture
- Cretan Greek
- Crete
- Crime in Greece
- Cross
- Culture of Greece
- Culture of India
- Cumae
- Cypriot Greek
- Cyprus
- Cyprus dispute
- Cyrene, Libya
- Czech Republic
- Dacian language
- Dacians
- Danaus
- Daughters of Danaus
- Dayuan
- Delphi
- Demeter
- Denyen
- Deucalion
- Diadochi
- Diafotismos
- Dimitri Mitropoulos
- Dimitri Nanopoulos
- Dimitrios Galanos
- Dimitris Horn
- Dimotiki
- Dionysios Solomos
- Dodona
- Dolgans
- Dorian
- Dorian invasion
- Dorians
- Doric Greek
- Eastern Bloc
- Eastern Europe
- Eastern Orthodox
- Eastern Roman Empire
- Economy of Greece
- Education in Greece
- Egypt
- Ekwesh
- El Greco
- Elections in Greece
- Eleni Karaindrou
- Ellie Lambeti
- Emigration
- Epirus
- Ernst Curtius
- Ethnic cleansing
- Ethnic group
- Ethnogenesis
- Euclid's Elements
- Europe
- Evzones
- Exonym
- Fayum portraits
- Finns
- First language
- Flag of Cyprus
- Flag of Greece
- Flags of convenience
- Forced relocation
- Fourth Crusade
- France
- Frangokratia
- Franks
- Gagauz people
- Gamal Abdel Nasser
- Gemistos Plethon
- Gemistus Pletho
- Genitive case
- Genos
- Geography of Greece
- George Livanos
- Georgia (country)
- Georgians
- Georgios Karaiskakis
- Germanic languages
- Germanic peoples
- Germany
- Giorgos Seferis
- Glagolitic alphabet
- Graea
- Graeae
- Graeci
- Graeco-Armenian
- Graeco-Aryan
- Graecus
- Graiki
- Great Fire of Smyrna
- Greco-Buddhism
- Greco-Buddhist art
- Greco-Roman world
- Greece
- Greek alphabet
- Greek American
- Greek Americans
- Greek Army
- Greek art
- Greek Australian
- Greek Australians
- Greek Bahamians
- Greek Brazilian
- Greek Canadians
- Greek Civil War
- Greek cuisine
- Greek Cypriots
- Greek dances
- Greek Dark Ages
- Greek diaspora
- Greek Diaspora
- Greek euro coins
- Greek genocide
- Greek language
- Greek literature
- Greek mathematics
- Greek Merchant Navy
- Greek Mexican
- Greek Muslims
- Greek mythology
- Greek name
- Greek philosophy
- Greek shipping
- Greeks
- Greeks (finance)
- Greeks in Albania
- Greeks in Argentina
- Greeks in Armenia
- Greeks in Austria
- Greeks in Azerbaijan
- Greeks in Belgium
- Greeks in Bulgaria
- Greeks in Chile
- Greeks in Denmark
- Greeks in Egypt
- Greeks in Ethiopia
- Greeks in France
- Greeks in Georgia
- Greeks in Germany
- Greeks in Hungary
- Greeks in Italy
- Greeks in Kazakhstan
- Greeks in Kyrgyzstan
- Greeks in Lebanon
- Greeks in Moldova
- Greeks in Norway
- Greeks in Poland
- Greeks in Romania
- Greeks in Russia
- Greeks in Serbia
- Greeks in Sweden
- Greeks in Syria
- Greeks in Turkey
- Greeks in Ukraine
- Greeks in Uruguay
- Greeks in Uzbekistan
- Greeks in Zambia
- Greeks in Zimbabwe
- Griko language
- Griko people
- Gushi culture
- Göteborg
- Hades
- Hebrew language
- Hellas
- Hellen
- Hellenic Air Force
- Hellenic Army
- Hellenic Coast Guard
- Hellenic languages
- Hellenic Navy
- Hellenic Parliament
- Hellenic Police
- Hellenic Republic
- Hellenistic Greece
- Hellenistic period
- Hellenization
- Heraclius
- Hermes o Logios
- Herodotus
- Hippocrates
- History of Greece
- Hittites
- Holidays in Greece
- Holy Roman Emperor
- Holy Roman Empire
- Homer
- Homeric epics
- Hydria
- Hymn to Liberty
- Hypatia
- Iannis Xenakis
- Iliad
- Illyrians
- Imbros
- Indo-Aryan languages
- Indo-Aryans
- Indo-European ablaut
- Indo-Greek Kingdom
- Indo-Greeks
- Indo-Iranians
- Ioannis Kapodistrias
- Ionia
- Ionians
- Ionic Greek
- Iranian languages
- Iranian peoples
- Irene Papas
- Iron age
- Isis
- Islam in Greece
- Istanbul Pogrom
- Italian Renaissance
- Italic languages
- Italy
- Jannis Kounellis
- Japan
- Jar-Burial Culture
- Javan
- Jesus
- John Argyris
- John Chadwick
- JSTOR
- Juan de Fuca
- Julius Pokorny
- Kalash people
- Kalmyk people
- Karamanlides
- Karasuk culture
- Karelians
- Katharevousa
- Katina Paxinou
- Kazakhstan
- Kemi Oba culture
- Khakas people
- Khanty people
- Khvalynsk culture
- Kingdom of Greece
- Koban culture
- Koine Greek
- Komi peoples
- Koryaks
- Kostis Palamas
- Kouros
- Kura-Araxes culture
- Kurgan culture
- Laskarina Bouboulina
- Latin
- Latin Empire
- Latins
- Lebanese people
- Leonidas I
- Lesbos
- Leyla-Tepe culture
- Linear B
- Lingua franca
- List of Greek flags
- List of Greeks
- Locris
- Louvre
- Lusatian culture
- Luwians
- Macedonians (Greeks)
- Magna Graecia
- Magna Grecia
- Magnate
- Mani Greek Dialect
- Maniots
- Manolis Andronikos
- Manos Hatzidakis
- Manos Katrakis
- Mansi people
- Mari people
- Maria Callas
- Marika Kotopouli
- Marseille
- Maykop culture
- Medieval Greek
- Mediterranean Sea
- Megleno-Romanians
- Melina Mercouri
- Menander I
- Merneptah
- Mexico
- Michael Cacoyannis
- Michael Dertouzos
- Middle East
- Mikis Theodorakis
- Military of Greece
- Mingrelians
- Minoan civilization
- Minoan eruption
- Minorities in Greece
- Minyans
- Mithra
- Modern Greek
- Modern Greek art
- Mokshas
- Moldovans
- Montenegrins
- Mordvins
- Music of Greece
- Mycenaean Greece
- Mycenea
- Name of Greece
- Names of the Greeks
- Nana Mouskouri
- Narva culture
- Nation
- Nearchus
- Nenets people
- Neoplatonism
- New Testament
- New World
- New Zealand
- Nicholas Negroponte
- Nikolaos Gyzis
- Nikos Engonopoulos
- Nikos Kavvadias
- Nikos Kazantzakis
- Nikos Skalkottas
- Nominative case
- North America
- Northern Epirotes
- Northern Epirus
- Ocean
- Odessa
- Odysseas Elytis
- Ogyges
- Oriental Orthodox
- Oromo people
- Orthodox Church
- Ossetians
- Ostracon
- Ottoman Empire
- Ottoman Greece
- Ottoman Greeks
- Oxford
- Pagan
- Paideia
- Pakistan
- Palaiologoi
- Panagiotis Doxaras
- Panagiotis Kondylis
- Pandora II
- Panteion University
- Pap test
- Papyrus
- Papyrus 46
- Parian Chronicle
- Paris
- Pausanias
- Peleset
- Peloponesian War
- Peloponnese
- Peloponnesian War
- Pericles
- Phaedo
- Phanariot
- Phanariotes
- Philhellenism
- Philip II of Macedon
- Phocis
- Phrygian language
- Phthia
- PIE
- Plato
- Polis
- Politics of Greece
- Poltavka culture
- Pontian Greeks
- Pontic Greek
- Pontic Greeks
- Pontic language
- Pontus
- Pope Leo III
- Portal Greece
- Poseidon
- Potapovka culture
- President of Greece
- Proper nouns
- Proto-Greek
- Proto-Greek language
- Proto-Indo-Europeans
- Proto-Ionian
- Ptolemaic dynasty
- Ptolemaic Egypt
- Ptolemaic Kingdom
- Pyrrha
- Pyrros Dimas
- Pytheas
- R. J. Rummel
- Ralli Brothers
- Religion in Greece
- Renaissance
- Republic of Cyprus
- Republic of Greece
- Republic of Turkey
- Rhodes
- Richard Foltz
- Rigas Feraios
- Rigveda
- Roman art
- Roman Empire
- Roman era
- Roman Greece
- Romania
- Romanians
- Romaniotes
- Romanis
- Romantic nationalism
- Rome
- Russia
- Russian language
- Russian names
- Russians
- Rusyns
- Rûm
- Sacred language
- Saint Petersburg
- Samara culture
- Sarakatsani
- Saraostus
- Scylax of Caryanda
- Sea
- Sea peoples
- Seleucia
- Seleucid Empire
- Seleucid Kingdom
- Selloi
- Sephardic Jews
- Serbia
- Serbs
- Seroglazovo culture
- Sfakians
- Shekelesh
- Sicily
- Sisyphos
- Slavic languages
- Slavic people
- Slavic peoples
- Slavs
- Smyrna
- Socrates
- Sorbonne University
- Souliotes
- South Africa
- Southern Italy
- Soviet Union
- Sparta
- Sport in Greece
- Sredny Stog culture
- Srubna culture
- Statistics Canada
- Stavros Niarchos
- Stele
- Steven Runciman
- Stoa of Attalos
- Sweden
- Switzerland
- Syria
- Tajikistan
- Tartarus
- Tashkent
- Taxation in Greece
- Television in Greece
- Template Greeks
- Template talk Greeks
- Tenedos
- Terramare culture
- Teucer
- The Independent
- Thebes (Greece)
- Thebes, Greece
- Theo Angelopoulos
- Thermopylae
- Thessaloniki
- Thessaly
- Thracian language
- Thracians
- Tigrinya people
- Tjeker
- Tocharian languages
- Tocharians
- Tourism in Greece
- Transport in Greece
- Treaty of Lausanne
- Treaty of Neuilly
- Trevor R. Bryce
- Trialeti culture
- Trojan War
- Troy
- Tsakonian language
- Tsakonians
- Turkey
- Turkification
- Turkish Cypriots
- Turkish language
- Udmurts
- Ukraine
- Ukrainians
- United Kingdom
- United States
- Urum language
- Urums
- Usatovo culture
- Uzbekistan
- Vangelis
- Venice
- Vlachs
- Vladimir I. Georgiev
- Vučedol culture
- Weshesh
- Western art
- Western art history
- Western Thrace
- Western world
- Wikipedia Link rot
- Wiley-Blackwell
- Wind power in Greece
- Yakuts
- Yamna culture
- Yanni
- Yannis Ritsos
- Yannis Tsarouchis
- Yevanic language
- Yiannis Latsis
- Yona
- Yugoslavs
- Zeus
- Achaea
- Achaemenid Empire
- Adana
- Aegean Sea
- Afghanistan
- Albania
- Alexandria
- Alexandria Eschate
- Altes Museum
- Amarna
- Anatolia
- Antioch
- Argentina
- Armenia
- Australia
- Austria
- Bank of Greece
- Battle of Issus
- Belgium
- Berlin
- Bharuch
- Boeotia
- Bosphorus
- Brazil
- British Empire
- Bulgaria
- Canada
- Chile
- China
- Classical Athens
- Constantinople
- Crete
- Cumae
- Cyprus
- Czech Republic
- Dodona
- Egypt
- France
- Germany
- Greece
- Hellenic Parliament
- Imbros
- Italy
- Japan
- Kazakhstan
- Lesbos
- Marseille
- Mexico
- New Zealand
- Odessa
- Oxford
- Pakistan
- Panteion University
- Paris
- Peloponnese
- Phocis
- Phthia
- Romania
- Rome
- Russia
- Saint Petersburg
- Seleucia
- Serbia
- Sicily
- Smyrna
- South Africa
- Soviet Union
- Sparta
- Stoa of Attalos
- Sweden
- Switzerland
- Syria
- Tajikistan
- Tashkent
- Tenedos
- Thermopylae
- Thessaloniki
- Thessaly
- Troy
- Turkey
- Ukraine
- United Kingdom
- United States
- Uzbekistan
- Venice
- Abkhaz people
- Aeolians
- Aeschines
- Albanians
- Alekos Sakellarios
- Alexander the Great
- Alexios I Komnenos
- Altay people
- Amhara people
- Angelos Sikelianos
- Anna Komnene
- Antiochian Greeks
- Archimedes
- Aristotle
- Aristotle Onassis
- Armenians
- Aromanians
- Assyrian people
- Austria
- Balts
- Barbarian
- Basil II
- Belarusians
- Byzantine Greeks
- Carl Blegen
- Catacomb culture
- Celts
- Cesare Vecellio
- Charlemagne
- Chinese people
- Chukchi people
- Chuvash people
- Cimon
- Cleopatra VII
- Constantine Andreou
- Dacians
- Dayuan
- Denyen
- Dimitri Mitropoulos
- Dimitri Nanopoulos
- Dimitrios Galanos
- Dimitris Horn
- Dionysios Solomos
- Dolgans
- Dorians
- El Greco
- Eleni Karaindrou
- Ellie Lambeti
- Epirus
- Ernst Curtius
- Franks
- Gagauz people
- Gamal Abdel Nasser
- Gemistus Pletho
- Georgios Karaiskakis
- Germanic peoples
- Giorgos Seferis
- Greek American
- Greek Australian
- Greek Bahamians
- Greek Brazilian
- Greek Canadians
- Greek Muslims
- Greeks
- Greeks in Albania
- Greeks in Argentina
- Greeks in Austria
- Greeks in Belgium
- Greeks in Chile
- Greeks in Egypt
- Greeks in France
- Greeks in Georgia
- Greeks in Germany
- Greeks in Moldova
- Greeks in Norway
- Greeks in Poland
- Greeks in Romania
- Greeks in Serbia
- Greeks in Turkey
- Greeks in Uruguay
- Griko people
- Heraclius
- Herodotus
- Hippocrates
- Hittites
- Homer
- Hypatia
- Iannis Xenakis
- Illyrians
- Ioannis Kapodistrias
- Ionians
- Iranian languages
- Iranian peoples
- Irene Papas
- Jannis Kounellis
- Javan
- Jesus
- John Argyris
- John Chadwick
- Juan de Fuca
- Julius Pokorny
- Kalash people
- Kalmyk people
- Karamanlides
- Karelians
- Katina Paxinou
- Khakas people
- Khanty people
- Khvalynsk culture
- Koban culture
- Komi peoples
- Koryaks
- Kostis Palamas
- Laskarina Bouboulina
- Latins
- Lebanese people
- Leonidas I
- List of Greeks
- Maniots
- Manolis Andronikos
- Manos Hatzidakis
- Manos Katrakis
- Mansi people
- Mari people
- Maria Callas
- Marika Kotopouli
- Melina Mercouri
- Menander I
- Merneptah
- Michael Cacoyannis
- Michael Dertouzos
- Mikis Theodorakis
- Mingrelians
- Minyans
- Mokshas
- Moldovans
- Mordvins
- Names of the Greeks
- Nana Mouskouri
- Nation
- Nearchus
- Nenets people
- Nicholas Negroponte
- Nikolaos Gyzis
- Nikos Engonopoulos
- Nikos Kavvadias
- Nikos Kazantzakis
- Nikos Skalkottas
- Odysseas Elytis
- Oromo people
- Ossetians
- Panagiotis Doxaras
- Panagiotis Kondylis
- Pericles
- Phanariotes
- Philip II of Macedon
- Plato
- Poltavka culture
- Pontic Greeks
- Pope Leo III
- Pyrros Dimas
- Pytheas
- Ralli Brothers
- Richard Foltz
- Rigas Feraios
- Romanians
- Russians
- Rusyns
- Sarakatsani
- Scylax of Caryanda
- Sea peoples
- Selloi
- Serbs
- Sfakians
- Shekelesh
- Socrates
- Sredny Stog culture
- Srubna culture
- Stavros Niarchos
- Steven Runciman
- Template Greeks
- Teucer
- Tjeker
- Trojan War
- Tsakonians
- Turkish Cypriots
- Ukrainians
- Urums
- Vangelis
- Vlachs
- Vučedol culture
- Yakuts
- Yanni
- Yannis Tsarouchis
- Yiannis Latsis
- Yona
- Yugoslavs
Send this Playlist by SMS
Email this Page
What the Ancient Greeks did for us
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 58:00
- Updated: 07 Apr 2013
The ancient Greek civilisation flourished for about a thousand years, not as a unified country but rather as a loose association of city states, both on the ...
http://wn.com/What_the_Ancient_Greeks_did_for_us
The ancient Greek civilisation flourished for about a thousand years, not as a unified country but rather as a loose association of city states, both on the ...
IS TROPICAL | THE GREEKS
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:25
- Updated: 07 Apr 2013
Pre-order IS TROPICAL's debut album "Native To" on iTunes : http://www.itunes.com/istropical "Native to" - Out June 13th on Kitsuné / Cooperative and June 2n...
http://wn.com/IS_TROPICAL_|_THE_GREEKS
Pre-order IS TROPICAL's debut album "Native To" on iTunes : http://www.itunes.com/istropical "Native to" - Out June 13th on Kitsuné / Cooperative and June 2n...
- published: 25 May 2011
- views: 3480302
- author: maisonkitsune1
The Greeks - Crucible of Civilisation - The Birth Of Democracy (1 of 3).
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 54:59
- Updated: 06 Apr 2013
http://wn.com/The_Greeks_Crucible_of_Civilisation_The_Birth_Of_Democracy_1_of_3
The Persians & Greeks: Crash Course World History #5
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 11:39
- Updated: 07 Apr 2013
In which John compares and contrasts Greek civilization and the Persian Empire. Of course we're glad that Greek civilization spawned modern western civilizat...
http://wn.com/The_Persians_Greeks_Crash_Course_World_History_5
In which John compares and contrasts Greek civilization and the Persian Empire. Of course we're glad that Greek civilization spawned modern western civilizat...
- published: 23 Feb 2012
- views: 545455
- author: crashcourse
What's wrong with the Greeks? [Swedish documentary - subbed]
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 58:21
- Updated: 07 Apr 2013
A Swedish documentary about the economic crisis in Greece. The documentary was made from Alexandra Pascalidou on behalf of SVT Swedish television. The origin...
http://wn.com/What's_wrong_with_the_Greeks?_Swedish_documentary_subbed_
A Swedish documentary about the economic crisis in Greece. The documentary was made from Alexandra Pascalidou on behalf of SVT Swedish television. The origin...
- published: 19 Jan 2012
- views: 126838
- author: Manos Seferidis
Al Jazeera Correspondent - The Greek Resistance
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 47:37
- Updated: 30 Mar 2013
Greece - it is where Europe's civilisation and the very idea of democracy began. But today the country is in crisis; a crisis that may well destroy the dream...
http://wn.com/Al_Jazeera_Correspondent_The_Greek_Resistance
Greece - it is where Europe's civilisation and the very idea of democracy began. But today the country is in crisis; a crisis that may well destroy the dream...
- published: 23 Nov 2012
- views: 19899
- author: AlJazeeraEnglish
Horrible Histories:Groovy Greeks: 1.the immortal Achilles VS. Hector(2...?)
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:38
- Updated: 06 Apr 2013
Uploading this for people who are unable to watch live or on iPlayer. I do not own any of this. All content belongs to the BBC. Enjoy :) from:HORRIBLE HISTOR...
http://wn.com/Horrible_HistoriesGroovy_Greeks_1the_immortal_Achilles_VS_Hector2?
Uploading this for people who are unable to watch live or on iPlayer. I do not own any of this. All content belongs to the BBC. Enjoy :) from:HORRIBLE HISTOR...
- published: 06 Apr 2013
- views: 2
- author: APOLLODEMOPOLOUS
The Greeks Crucible of Civilization - Part 3 - Empire of Mind (1 of 5)
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 9:00
- Updated: 21 Mar 2013
The Greeks - Crucible of Civilization: A documentary consisting of 3 parts: Part 1: Revolution http://www.youtube.com/view_play_list?p=112A74A122BAE823 Part ...
http://wn.com/The_Greeks_Crucible_of_Civilization_Part_3_Empire_of_Mind_1_of_5
The Greeks - Crucible of Civilization: A documentary consisting of 3 parts: Part 1: Revolution http://www.youtube.com/view_play_list?p=112A74A122BAE823 Part ...
- published: 29 Apr 2011
- views: 13105
- author: gt68100
The original language of hebrews was basque,ancient greeks were hebrews
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 1:16
- Updated: 04 Apr 2013
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RpuE7wCLjrk http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=G4gOP_A4x1U http://euskararenjatorria.eu/part%20of%20mankinds.htm http://www.ensign...
http://wn.com/The_original_language_of_hebrews_was_basque,ancient_greeks_were_hebrews
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RpuE7wCLjrk http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=G4gOP_A4x1U http://euskararenjatorria.eu/part%20of%20mankinds.htm http://www.ensign...
- published: 04 Apr 2013
- views: 5
- author: barcelona5412
Greeks rally against Canadian gold mine project
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 2:31
- Updated: 01 Apr 2013
Up to 15000 people have taken to the streets of the Greek city of Thessaloniki, against a planned Canadian gold mining project. The demonstrators say the mi...
http://wn.com/Greeks_rally_against_Canadian_gold_mine_project
Up to 15000 people have taken to the streets of the Greek city of Thessaloniki, against a planned Canadian gold mining project. The demonstrators say the mi...
- published: 10 Mar 2013
- views: 6079
- author: AlJazeeraEnglish
SHU Meet The Greeks Spring '13: ΖΦΒ
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 7:08
- Updated: 06 Apr 2013
Performances by Zeta Phi Beta Sorority, Inc. at Seton Hall University "Meet the Greeks." Spring '13.
http://wn.com/SHU_Meet_The_Greeks_Spring_'13_ΖΦΒ
Performances by Zeta Phi Beta Sorority, Inc. at Seton Hall University "Meet the Greeks." Spring '13.
- published: 08 Feb 2013
- views: 3521
- author: iSwagTVOnline
Delta Zeta University of Kentucky Greeks Sing 2013
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 5:13
- Updated: 11 Feb 2013
Delta Zeta University of Kentucky Greeks Sing 2013.
http://wn.com/Delta_Zeta_University_of_Kentucky_Greeks_Sing_2013
Delta Zeta University of Kentucky Greeks Sing 2013.
- published: 10 Feb 2013
- views: 2081
- author: hotrodscotty33
The Greeks -- Introduction of the PBS series
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 2:27
- Updated: 03 Apr 2013
The first few moments of the PPS series "The Greeks -- Crucible of civilization"
http://wn.com/The_Greeks_-_Introduction_of_the_PBS_series
The first few moments of the PPS series "The Greeks -- Crucible of civilization"
- published: 20 Jan 2007
- views: 56351
- author: ulver22
S5E16 Beware Of Greeks
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 21:30
- Updated: 07 Apr 2013
Enjoy!
http://wn.com/S5E16_Beware_Of_Greeks
Thousands of Greeks do Harlem Shake dance
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 1:05
- Updated: 07 Apr 2013
The hit Harlem Shake dance, which has taken the online world by storm, was performed in Greece for the first time on Saturday. Report by Stuart Appleby. Subs...
http://wn.com/Thousands_of_Greeks_do_Harlem_Shake_dance
The hit Harlem Shake dance, which has taken the online world by storm, was performed in Greece for the first time on Saturday. Report by Stuart Appleby. Subs...
- published: 24 Feb 2013
- views: 50767
- author: itnnews
Is Tropical - The Greeks
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:41
- Updated: 06 Apr 2013
http://wn.com/Is_Tropical_The_Greeks
ΟΙ ΕΛΛΗΝΕΣ / THE GREEKS # Α1
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 9:56
- Updated: 11 Mar 2013
ΟΙ ΕΛΛΗΝΕΣ , Ο ΑΡΧΑΙΟΣ ΕΛΛΗΝΙΚΟΣ ΠΟΛΙΤΙΣΜΟΣ ,ΝΤΟΚΙΜΑΝΤΕΡ ΜΕ ΕΛΛΗΝΙΚΟΥΣ ΥΠΟΤΙΤΛΟΥΣ.
http://wn.com/ΟΙ_ΕΛΛΗΝΕΣ_THE_GREEKS_Α1
ΟΙ ΕΛΛΗΝΕΣ , Ο ΑΡΧΑΙΟΣ ΕΛΛΗΝΙΚΟΣ ΠΟΛΙΤΙΣΜΟΣ ,ΝΤΟΚΙΜΑΝΤΕΡ ΜΕ ΕΛΛΗΝΙΚΟΥΣ ΥΠΟΤΙΤΛΟΥΣ.
- published: 26 Oct 2009
- views: 18091
- author: HISTORYofGREECE
Band of Greeks Teaser
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 1:42
- Updated: 27 Mar 2013
A documentary by Charalambos Michalopoulos For more videos from the independent greek music scene go to http://bandofgreeks.com.
http://wn.com/Band_of_Greeks_Teaser
A documentary by Charalambos Michalopoulos For more videos from the independent greek music scene go to http://bandofgreeks.com.
- published: 25 Feb 2013
- views: 4648
- author: CMichalopoulos
SHU Meet The Greeks Spring '13: ΑΦΑ
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 6:21
- Updated: 03 Apr 2013
Performances by Alpha Phi Alpha Fraternity, Inc. at Seton Hall University "Meet the Greeks." Spring 2013.
http://wn.com/SHU_Meet_The_Greeks_Spring_'13_ΑΦΑ
Performances by Alpha Phi Alpha Fraternity, Inc. at Seton Hall University "Meet the Greeks." Spring 2013.
- published: 08 Feb 2013
- views: 1729
- author: iSwagTVOnline
Sigma Alpha Epsilon University of Kentucky Greeks sing 2013
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 5:35
- Updated: 28 Mar 2013
Sigma Alpha Epsilon University of Kentucky Greeks sing 2013.
http://wn.com/Sigma_Alpha_Epsilon_University_of_Kentucky_Greeks_sing_2013
Sigma Alpha Epsilon University of Kentucky Greeks sing 2013.
- published: 11 Feb 2013
- views: 752
- author: hotrodscotty33
Kean University Meet The Greeks - Spring 2013
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:14
- Updated: 08 Mar 2013
The Kean University Center for Leadership and Service hosted the Spring 2013 Meet the Greeks on Wednesday, February 13, 2013, in Downs Hall. Kean University ...
http://wn.com/Kean_University_Meet_The_Greeks_Spring_2013
The Kean University Center for Leadership and Service hosted the Spring 2013 Meet the Greeks on Wednesday, February 13, 2013, in Downs Hall. Kean University ...
- published: 05 Mar 2013
- views: 383
- author: KeanStudentMedia
SHU Meet the Greeks Spring '13: ΜΣΥ
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 4:46
- Updated: 21 Mar 2013
Performance by Mu Sigma Upsilon Sorority, Inc. at Seton Hall University "Meet the Greeks." Spring 2013.
http://wn.com/SHU_Meet_the_Greeks_Spring_'13_ΜΣΥ
Performance by Mu Sigma Upsilon Sorority, Inc. at Seton Hall University "Meet the Greeks." Spring 2013.
- published: 08 Feb 2013
- views: 622
- author: iSwagTVOnline
Highlights of Meet the Greeks at Stockton 2013
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 9:54
- Updated: 04 Apr 2013
At the Richard Stockton College of New Jersey.
http://wn.com/Highlights_of_Meet_the_Greeks_at_Stockton_2013
At the Richard Stockton College of New Jersey.
- published: 06 Feb 2013
- views: 489
- author: LordJaz1976
Send this Playlist by SMS
Email this Page
Inspiring Greeks of Today (2) ~ Vangelis
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 19:01
- Updated: 29 Mar 2013
Click on: SHOW MORE VANGELIS Evangelos Odysseas Papathanassiou (born 29 March 1943) is a Greek composer of electronic, progressive, ambient, jazz, pop rock, ...
http://wn.com/Inspiring_Greeks_of_Today_2_~_Vangelis
Click on: SHOW MORE VANGELIS Evangelos Odysseas Papathanassiou (born 29 March 1943) is a Greek composer of electronic, progressive, ambient, jazz, pop rock, ...
- published: 05 Jan 2013
- views: 537
- author: FondOfGreek
Managing by the Greeks Interview -- Tony Sizemore
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 92:33
- Updated: 11 Mar 2013
Seth Freudberg interviews Tony Sizemore about how Tony manages his option positions by the Greeks. Tony walks through several trades and shows exactly how he...
http://wn.com/Managing_by_the_Greeks_Interview_-_Tony_Sizemore
Seth Freudberg interviews Tony Sizemore about how Tony manages his option positions by the Greeks. Tony walks through several trades and shows exactly how he...
- published: 21 Dec 2011
- views: 934
- author: OptionElements
Interview with a Greek Polytheist (Hellenic Tradition)
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 1:49
- Updated: 06 Apr 2013
Source: http://ysee.gr/index-eng.php?type=english&f;=rozmowa_en Wojciech Jan Rudny interviews a constitutional member of the Supreme Council of the Ethnikoi H...
http://wn.com/Interview_with_a_Greek_Polytheist_Hellenic_Tradition
Source: http://ysee.gr/index-eng.php?type=english&f;=rozmowa_en Wojciech Jan Rudny interviews a constitutional member of the Supreme Council of the Ethnikoi H...
- published: 21 Feb 2012
- views: 733
- author: MysticTV777
George Tonight: Zach Galifianakis
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 11:29
- Updated: 07 Apr 2013
Zach Galifianakis on 'Hangover,' being Greek and 'It's Kind of A Funny story.'
http://wn.com/George_Tonight_Zach_Galifianakis
Zach Galifianakis on 'Hangover,' being Greek and 'It's Kind of A Funny story.'
- published: 21 Oct 2010
- views: 220324
- author: CBCtv
GREAT GREEKS
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 9:28
- Updated: 28 Mar 2013
" GREAT GREEKS " is a six part, documentary series for the History Channel, which was produced and directed by Greek filmmaker Demetres Anagnostopoulos. Each...
http://wn.com/GREAT_GREEKS
" GREAT GREEKS " is a six part, documentary series for the History Channel, which was produced and directed by Greek filmmaker Demetres Anagnostopoulos. Each...
- published: 09 Dec 2011
- views: 418
- author: Demetres Anagnostopoulos
Meet the Greeks Interview
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:52
- Updated: 24 Oct 2011
Iowa State University Meet the Greeks 2011.
http://wn.com/Meet_the_Greeks_Interview
Miss Mykie Interview with Southern City Greeks
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 2:52
- Updated: 28 May 2012
Interview with Miss Mykie at her "Love Repair" Mixer in Houston, TX.
http://wn.com/Miss_Mykie_Interview_with_Southern_City_Greeks
Interview with Miss Mykie at her "Love Repair" Mixer in Houston, TX.
- published: 14 Feb 2011
- views: 445
- author: SouthernCityGreeks
What happens if Greece defaults? An interview with US-Secretary of the Treasury Geithner MSN Money
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 28:46
- Updated: 19 Mar 2013
CNBC `s Jim Cramer talks with United States Secretary of the Treasury Timothy Franz Geithner about the global economy and what sovereign nations in Europe an...
http://wn.com/What_happens_if_Greece_defaults?_An_interview_with_US-Secretary_of_the_Treasury_Geithner_MSN_Money
CNBC `s Jim Cramer talks with United States Secretary of the Treasury Timothy Franz Geithner about the global economy and what sovereign nations in Europe an...
- published: 16 Sep 2011
- views: 9197
- author: Helmut Zermin
Aniston speaks Greek
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 6:40
- Updated: 05 Apr 2013
Jennifer Aniston says a few Greek words during the interview.
http://wn.com/Aniston_speaks_Greek
Jennifer Aniston says a few Greek words during the interview.
- published: 07 Aug 2008
- views: 213879
- author: suus171985
Chris Diamantopoulos talks "Three Stooges" in Greek
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 2:10
- Updated: 01 Apr 2013
http://GreekReporter.com - We met Chris Diamantopoulos at the premiere of "the Three Stooges". The Greek-Canadian actor talks about his heritage, his career ...
http://wn.com/Chris_Diamantopoulos_talks_Three_Stooges_in_Greek
http://GreekReporter.com - We met Chris Diamantopoulos at the premiere of "the Three Stooges". The Greek-Canadian actor talks about his heritage, his career ...
- published: 08 Apr 2012
- views: 5854
- author: GreekReporter
Rc-Boating Interviews Episode 1: RG65 Hellenic Class Association
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 12:47
- Updated: 25 Oct 2012
This is the 1st Episode of the New Series for Rc-Boat Web TV called: Rc Boating Interviews. On this Episode we present you the RG-65 Hellenic Class Associati...
http://wn.com/Rc-Boating_Interviews_Episode_1_RG65_Hellenic_Class_Association
This is the 1st Episode of the New Series for Rc-Boat Web TV called: Rc Boating Interviews. On this Episode we present you the RG-65 Hellenic Class Associati...
- published: 24 Oct 2012
- views: 293
- author: RcBoatWebTV
BBC Interview with David Pizzanelli How Fast Could Greece ReLaunch the Drachma Banknotes.mp4
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 4:47
- Updated: 27 May 2012
How quickly could Greece, Spain or Italy re-launch their old currencies? How long does it take to make a new banknote? James Coomarasamy of the BBC World Ser...
http://wn.com/BBC_Interview_with_David_Pizzanelli_How_Fast_Could_Greece_ReLaunch_the_Drachma_Banknotesmp4
How quickly could Greece, Spain or Italy re-launch their old currencies? How long does it take to make a new banknote? James Coomarasamy of the BBC World Ser...
- published: 19 May 2012
- views: 328
- author: David Pizzanelli
GREEK STARS ON GREEKS
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 5:32
- Updated: 03 Apr 2013
http://www.celebrategreece.com/products/47-2nd-annual-los-angeles-greek-film-festival-2nd-of-5-greek-celebrities-talk-about-greeks-and-greece CelebrateGreece...
http://wn.com/GREEK_STARS_ON_GREEKS
http://www.celebrategreece.com/products/47-2nd-annual-los-angeles-greek-film-festival-2nd-of-5-greek-celebrities-talk-about-greeks-and-greece CelebrateGreece...
- published: 20 Feb 2009
- views: 22061
- author: CelebrateGreece
Príncipe Pavlos da Grécia sobre a situação económica do seu País
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 4:06
- Updated: 28 Mar 2013
http://ppmbraga.blogspot.com/2011/11/principe-pavlos-da-grecia-sobre.html O Príncipe Pavlos da Grécia nasceu a 20 de Maio de 1967. Filho primogénito do Rei C...
http://wn.com/Príncipe_Pavlos_da_Grécia_sobre_a_situação_económica_do_seu_País
http://ppmbraga.blogspot.com/2011/11/principe-pavlos-da-grecia-sobre.html O Príncipe Pavlos da Grécia nasceu a 20 de Maio de 1967. Filho primogénito do Rei C...
- published: 03 Nov 2011
- views: 7958
- author: MrMonarquia
Max Keiser: latest on Greek economic crisis
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 23:30
- Updated: 02 Apr 2013
In this edition of the show Max interviews Yanis Varoufakis from yanisvaroufakis.eu. He talks about the latest developments on Greek economic crisis and the ...
http://wn.com/Max_Keiser_latest_on_Greek_economic_crisis
In this edition of the show Max interviews Yanis Varoufakis from yanisvaroufakis.eu. He talks about the latest developments on Greek economic crisis and the ...
- published: 15 Sep 2012
- views: 11685
- author: PressTVGlobalNews
Google SME Workshop - Interview 1 - Greek MEP Ioannis Tsoukalas MEP
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 1:29
- Updated: 05 Feb 2013
The 23 million small- and medium-sized companies in the European Union represent 99 percent of businesses. EU institutions have put them at the heart of the ...
http://wn.com/Google_SME_Workshop_Interview_1_Greek_MEP_Ioannis_Tsoukalas_MEP
The 23 million small- and medium-sized companies in the European Union represent 99 percent of businesses. EU institutions have put them at the heart of the ...
- published: 17 Oct 2011
- views: 221
- author: euractiv
Al Jazeera World - Egypt: The Other Homeland
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 47:33
- Updated: 01 Apr 2013
A poignant tale of Egypt's once-thriving Greek community, told through interviews with those returning to find their old homes, neighbourhoods, businesses an...
http://wn.com/Al_Jazeera_World_Egypt_The_Other_Homeland
A poignant tale of Egypt's once-thriving Greek community, told through interviews with those returning to find their old homes, neighbourhoods, businesses an...
- published: 04 Apr 2012
- views: 21671
- author: AlJazeeraEnglish
The Causes, Consequences and Solutions to the Greek Crisis
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 18:37
- Updated: 09 Oct 2012
www.europeanideas.eu presents: An Interview with Othon Anastasakis (Director of South East European Studies at Oxford) about the Causes, Consequences and Sol...
http://wn.com/The_Causes,_Consequences_and_Solutions_to_the_Greek_Crisis
www.europeanideas.eu presents: An Interview with Othon Anastasakis (Director of South East European Studies at Oxford) about the Causes, Consequences and Sol...
- published: 09 Feb 2012
- views: 640
- author: europeanideas
Fanatical Greeks
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:19
- Updated: 12 Mar 2013
ONLY 18+*This report from Athens says it all about the fanatical Greeks. Great footage and interviews with famous players about the intense atmosphere surro...
http://wn.com/Fanatical_Greeks
ONLY 18+*This report from Athens says it all about the fanatical Greeks. Great footage and interviews with famous players about the intense atmosphere surro...
- published: 29 Jun 2009
- views: 13253
- author: Partofthegametv
Bob Chapman/Helen Skopis: Greek Revolution, IMF Control & Greeks with Gold & Silver
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 9:23
- Updated: 23 Apr 2012
In this interview, Athens based journalist, Helen Skopis, once again speaks with Bob Chapman, owner and editor of the bi-weekly financial newsletter "The Int...
http://wn.com/Bob_Chapman_Helen_Skopis_Greek_Revolution,_IMF_Control_Greeks_with_Gold_Silver
In this interview, Athens based journalist, Helen Skopis, once again speaks with Bob Chapman, owner and editor of the bi-weekly financial newsletter "The Int...
- published: 16 Sep 2010
- views: 1304
- author: thornlessrose2009
Macedonia - The clip that shocked Greece
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 10:00
- Updated: 14 Mar 2013
Macedonia the clip that shocked Greece - The title and the TV channel were blacked to eliminate pressure to the channel that presented the film. We unveil th...
http://wn.com/Macedonia_The_clip_that_shocked_Greece
Macedonia the clip that shocked Greece - The title and the TV channel were blacked to eliminate pressure to the channel that presented the film. We unveil th...
- published: 03 May 2012
- views: 689
- author: trtmrtfrt
Greek debt crisis update with Stratos Manolas
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 20:40
- Updated: 23 Oct 2012
Subscribe to our newsletter at http://www.goldmoney.com/goldresearch. GoldMoney's Dominic Frisby interviews Stratos Manolas, Managing Director of Axion Inves...
http://wn.com/Greek_debt_crisis_update_with_Stratos_Manolas
Subscribe to our newsletter at http://www.goldmoney.com/goldresearch. GoldMoney's Dominic Frisby interviews Stratos Manolas, Managing Director of Axion Inves...
- published: 16 Oct 2012
- views: 945
- author: GoldMoneyNews
Poverty Project - Vicky Pryce on the cuts
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 1:55
- Updated: 19 Mar 2013
"We may see things happening here as they are in Europe, particularly in Greece..where Poverty levels have increased so substaintially there are soup kitchen...
http://wn.com/Poverty_Project_Vicky_Pryce_on_the_cuts
"We may see things happening here as they are in Europe, particularly in Greece..where Poverty levels have increased so substaintially there are soup kitchen...
- published: 07 Feb 2013
- views: 509
- author: TheRedRoomUK
19:01
Inspiring Greeks of Today (2) ~ Vangelis
Click on: SHOW MORE VANGELIS Evangelos Odysseas Papathanassiou (born 29 March 1943) is a G...
published: 05 Jan 2013
author: FondOfGreek
Inspiring Greeks of Today (2) ~ Vangelis
Click on: SHOW MORE VANGELIS Evangelos Odysseas Papathanassiou (born 29 March 1943) is a Greek composer of electronic, progressive, ambient, jazz, pop rock, ...
- published: 05 Jan 2013
- views: 537
- author: FondOfGreek
92:33
Managing by the Greeks Interview -- Tony Sizemore
Seth Freudberg interviews Tony Sizemore about how Tony manages his option positions by the...
published: 21 Dec 2011
author: OptionElements
Managing by the Greeks Interview -- Tony Sizemore
Seth Freudberg interviews Tony Sizemore about how Tony manages his option positions by the Greeks. Tony walks through several trades and shows exactly how he...
- published: 21 Dec 2011
- views: 934
- author: OptionElements
1:49
Interview with a Greek Polytheist (Hellenic Tradition)
Source: http://ysee.gr/index-eng.php?type=english&f;=rozmowa_en Wojciech Jan Rudny intervie...
published: 21 Feb 2012
author: MysticTV777
Interview with a Greek Polytheist (Hellenic Tradition)
Source: http://ysee.gr/index-eng.php?type=english&f;=rozmowa_en Wojciech Jan Rudny interviews a constitutional member of the Supreme Council of the Ethnikoi H...
- published: 21 Feb 2012
- views: 733
- author: MysticTV777
11:29
George Tonight: Zach Galifianakis
Zach Galifianakis on 'Hangover,' being Greek and 'It's Kind of A Funny story.'...
published: 21 Oct 2010
author: CBCtv
George Tonight: Zach Galifianakis
Zach Galifianakis on 'Hangover,' being Greek and 'It's Kind of A Funny story.'
- published: 21 Oct 2010
- views: 220324
- author: CBCtv
9:28
GREAT GREEKS
" GREAT GREEKS " is a six part, documentary series for the History Channel, which was prod...
published: 09 Dec 2011
author: Demetres Anagnostopoulos
GREAT GREEKS
" GREAT GREEKS " is a six part, documentary series for the History Channel, which was produced and directed by Greek filmmaker Demetres Anagnostopoulos. Each...
- published: 09 Dec 2011
- views: 418
- author: Demetres Anagnostopoulos
2:52
Miss Mykie Interview with Southern City Greeks
Interview with Miss Mykie at her "Love Repair" Mixer in Houston, TX....
published: 14 Feb 2011
author: SouthernCityGreeks
Miss Mykie Interview with Southern City Greeks
Interview with Miss Mykie at her "Love Repair" Mixer in Houston, TX.
- published: 14 Feb 2011
- views: 445
- author: SouthernCityGreeks
28:46
What happens if Greece defaults? An interview with US-Secretary of the Treasury Geithner MSN Money
CNBC `s Jim Cramer talks with United States Secretary of the Treasury Timothy Franz Geithn...
published: 16 Sep 2011
author: Helmut Zermin
What happens if Greece defaults? An interview with US-Secretary of the Treasury Geithner MSN Money
CNBC `s Jim Cramer talks with United States Secretary of the Treasury Timothy Franz Geithner about the global economy and what sovereign nations in Europe an...
- published: 16 Sep 2011
- views: 9197
- author: Helmut Zermin
6:40
Aniston speaks Greek
Jennifer Aniston says a few Greek words during the interview....
published: 07 Aug 2008
author: suus171985
Aniston speaks Greek
Jennifer Aniston says a few Greek words during the interview.
- published: 07 Aug 2008
- views: 213879
- author: suus171985
2:10
Chris Diamantopoulos talks "Three Stooges" in Greek
http://GreekReporter.com - We met Chris Diamantopoulos at the premiere of "the Three Stoog...
published: 08 Apr 2012
author: GreekReporter
Chris Diamantopoulos talks "Three Stooges" in Greek
http://GreekReporter.com - We met Chris Diamantopoulos at the premiere of "the Three Stooges". The Greek-Canadian actor talks about his heritage, his career ...
- published: 08 Apr 2012
- views: 5854
- author: GreekReporter
12:47
Rc-Boating Interviews Episode 1: RG65 Hellenic Class Association
This is the 1st Episode of the New Series for Rc-Boat Web TV called: Rc Boating Interviews...
published: 24 Oct 2012
author: RcBoatWebTV
Rc-Boating Interviews Episode 1: RG65 Hellenic Class Association
This is the 1st Episode of the New Series for Rc-Boat Web TV called: Rc Boating Interviews. On this Episode we present you the RG-65 Hellenic Class Associati...
- published: 24 Oct 2012
- views: 293
- author: RcBoatWebTV
4:47
BBC Interview with David Pizzanelli How Fast Could Greece ReLaunch the Drachma Banknotes.mp4
How quickly could Greece, Spain or Italy re-launch their old currencies? How long does it ...
published: 19 May 2012
author: David Pizzanelli
BBC Interview with David Pizzanelli How Fast Could Greece ReLaunch the Drachma Banknotes.mp4
How quickly could Greece, Spain or Italy re-launch their old currencies? How long does it take to make a new banknote? James Coomarasamy of the BBC World Ser...
- published: 19 May 2012
- views: 328
- author: David Pizzanelli
5:32
GREEK STARS ON GREEKS
http://www.celebrategreece.com/products/47-2nd-annual-los-angeles-greek-film-festival-2nd-...
published: 20 Feb 2009
author: CelebrateGreece
GREEK STARS ON GREEKS
http://www.celebrategreece.com/products/47-2nd-annual-los-angeles-greek-film-festival-2nd-of-5-greek-celebrities-talk-about-greeks-and-greece CelebrateGreece...
- published: 20 Feb 2009
- views: 22061
- author: CelebrateGreece
4:06
Príncipe Pavlos da Grécia sobre a situação económica do seu País
http://ppmbraga.blogspot.com/2011/11/principe-pavlos-da-grecia-sobre.html O Príncipe Pavlo...
published: 03 Nov 2011
author: MrMonarquia
Príncipe Pavlos da Grécia sobre a situação económica do seu País
http://ppmbraga.blogspot.com/2011/11/principe-pavlos-da-grecia-sobre.html O Príncipe Pavlos da Grécia nasceu a 20 de Maio de 1967. Filho primogénito do Rei C...
- published: 03 Nov 2011
- views: 7958
- author: MrMonarquia
Vimeo results:
4:27
REBIRTH of GAEA - Flowing Meditation
facebook: www.facebook.com/Rebirth.of.Gaea
twitter: @RebirthofGaea
www.rebirthofgaea.com...
published: 02 Feb 2012
author: Jesse Michael Newman
REBIRTH of GAEA - Flowing Meditation
facebook: www.facebook.com/Rebirth.of.Gaea
twitter: @RebirthofGaea
www.rebirthofgaea.com
A visual love letter for my daughter.
This video provides a layer-by-layer deconstruction of "Flowing Meditation," a small part of REBIRTH of GAEA.
REBIRTH of GAEA is an epic visual tapestry delicately interweaving reflections on the environment and spirituality through the rich imagery of Greek Mythology. My daughter Emma has had a deep connection to the environment for as long as I can remember. As she grew older and became enchanted with Greek Mythology, I decided to show my support for her interests by creating REBIRTH of GAEA, depicting her as the Goddess of Earth.
The incredible music, "You're Too Late Satan" by Worm Is Green, is available on iTunes and Amazon.
rebirthofgaea@me.com
3:32
This Land Is Mine
A brief history of the land called Israel/Palestine/Canaan/the Levant.
Who's-killing-who v...
published: 01 Oct 2012
author: Nina Paley
This Land Is Mine
A brief history of the land called Israel/Palestine/Canaan/the Levant.
Who's-killing-who viewer's guide here: http://blog.ninapaley.com/2012/10/01/this-land-is-mine/
9:30
"Motion Plus Design" Center : "What is Motion Design ?"
*** UPDATED VERSION (See Erratum below) ***
------------------------------- THE PROJECT
...
published: 28 Sep 2011
author: Motion Plus Design
"Motion Plus Design" Center : "What is Motion Design ?"
*** UPDATED VERSION (See Erratum below) ***
------------------------------- THE PROJECT
"Motion Plus Design" is a project which aims to create the first exhibition center
dedicated to Motion Design in Paris, france. This is a non-profit project. Students, professionals and anyone interested could discover artists, meet and learn. This centre will also provide an opportunity to promote artists in other design departments so the different graphic design worlds could cross. To make it real we need your support! The more we are, the more the project's got chances to exist!
Website : http://motion-plus-design.com
Get involved via facebook : http://www.facebook.com/pages/ENGLISH-Motion-Plus-Design/262169577157419
Mail : contact@motion-plus-design.com
Twitter : http://twitter.com/#!/Mo_Plus_Design
Newsletter : please send us your email at newsletter@motion-plus-design.com
Want to translate this film in your language ? : translate@motion-plus-design.com
------------------------------- OTHER LANGUAGES
Spanish : http://vimeo.com/31805518
Portuguese : http://vimeo.com/31805448
Chinese : http://vimeo.com/31801886
Japanese : http://vimeo.com/31805394
Russian : http://vimeo.com/31805480
Greek : http://vimeo.com/31805030
Turkish : http://vimeo.com/31805551
Italian : http://vimeo.com/31805364
Iranian : http://vimeo.com/31805331
German : http://vimeo.com/31805268
Dutch : http://vimeo.com/31804683
French : http://vimeo.com/29734504
------------------------------- ERRATUM
We were wrong on some credits of the previous version, big apologies for that.
Here are the new changes you'll see in this updated version :
/// MTV award 2009 opening sequence was in fact designed at Prologue by Ilya Abulhaniv
/// Panic Room opening sequence was in fact designed by Picture Mill
/// Donnie Brasco opening sequence was in fact designed at Imaginary Forces by Kyle Cooper
/// NBC More Colorful ident, was in fact designed at Capacity by Ellerey Gave & Alex Mapar
/// NBC ident (2006) was in fact designed at Capacity
/// Chanel 4 ident was in fact designed by Lambie Nairn
2:23
Further Up Yonder
Further Up Yonder is available for download in 2K original resolution on my blog: http://w...
published: 26 Nov 2012
author: Giacomo Sardelli
Further Up Yonder
Further Up Yonder is available for download in 2K original resolution on my blog: http://wp.me/p2fVm6-bv
Facebook page - Making of coming soon! https://www.facebook.com/furtherupyonder
***UPDATE / SUBTITLES***
Malay, Greek, Russian, Turkish, Hungarian, Esperanto, Thai, Dutch, Latvian, Polish, Czech, Chinese, Bulgarian, French, German, Spanish, Portuguese, Italian and English subtitles on universalsubtitles.org bit.ly/WuZ4z2
You are welcome to add subtitles in your language, you will be credited for your help. Thanks!
***UPDATE / 100.000 Plays!***
After just a week, we reached the awesome goal of 100K plays. Thanks to everybody who shared, commented, liked and got inspired by watching Further Up Yonder. It has been an intense week, spent answering a ton of nice messages that people from all over the world sent to me. You made possible to have this video featured on blogs, forums and major media websites during this week. You helped this video crossing borders, as the astronauts asked us, reaching out to every continent. Thanks for your incredible support. Keep sharing!
***TO THE STARS!***
A timelapse message from ISS to all Humankind. - 2K version available on my blog: http://wp.me/p2fVm6-bv
I wanted to use pictures taken from the International Space Station to tell a story and share the message sent by the astronauts who worked on the station in the last 11 years.
They are working to open a Gateway to Space for all humankind, but people on Earth must understand that they have to get rid of the concept of borders on our planet if they want to follow the astronauts to new worlds in outer space. While the cosmonauts speak a day passes on Earth, from dawn to sunset, until the Gateway opens with a burst of light. The ISS then gains speed, the astronauts are leaving our planet which they see spinning faster and faster, merging earth, oceans and people together, ready to follow them, Further Up Yonder.
Making of
As a filmmaking student, this was my first attempt to craft a timelapse video. It has been a time consuming process, but it turned out as one of my most satisfying projects.
I focused my workflow on colours and harmony of movements, syncing every frame with the music and the voices of the astronauts. Every picture has been post processed individually before being imported in the NLE software, as I tried to take the most out of every image in terms of colours, contrast and neatiness.
Pictures were downloaded from the Image Science & Analysis Laboratory, NASA Johnson Space Center and edited with Photoshop CS6. Even if they were Hi-res images shot with Nikon D3S cameras, a lot of noise removal and color correction was needed, especially for those shots at ISO 3200, which was the highest ISO speed limit I've allowed myself to use, exception made for the last sequence of the spinning world, which comes from a sequenze of shots taken at ISO 12800. Daytime shots were taken at ISO 200. I've used Topaz Denoise 5 for noise removal, as it is very powerful and accurate when dealing with shadows and blacks.
Editing was made with Adobe Premiere CS6, with a 2K workflow, which allowed me to scale, rotate and pan image sequences whose native resolution is 4K. The video was downscaled to 1280x720 resolution for Vimeo. The original 2K version is available for download on my blog (link on top of this description).
Credits
Images courtesy of Image Science & Analysis Laboratory, NASA Johnson Space Center, downloadable for non-commerical use from http://eol.jsc.nasa.gov/
Music: Synthetic Truth, by digitalR3public - licensed under a Creative Commons - Attribution 3.0 License: http://soundcloud.com/digitalr3public/synthetic-truth
Audio messages courtesy of NASA: http://www.nasa.gov
Youtube results:
23:30
Max Keiser: latest on Greek economic crisis
In this edition of the show Max interviews Yanis Varoufakis from yanisvaroufakis.eu. He ta...
published: 15 Sep 2012
author: PressTVGlobalNews
Max Keiser: latest on Greek economic crisis
In this edition of the show Max interviews Yanis Varoufakis from yanisvaroufakis.eu. He talks about the latest developments on Greek economic crisis and the ...
- published: 15 Sep 2012
- views: 11685
- author: PressTVGlobalNews
1:29
Google SME Workshop - Interview 1 - Greek MEP Ioannis Tsoukalas MEP
The 23 million small- and medium-sized companies in the European Union represent 99 percen...
published: 17 Oct 2011
author: euractiv
Google SME Workshop - Interview 1 - Greek MEP Ioannis Tsoukalas MEP
The 23 million small- and medium-sized companies in the European Union represent 99 percent of businesses. EU institutions have put them at the heart of the ...
- published: 17 Oct 2011
- views: 221
- author: euractiv
47:33
Al Jazeera World - Egypt: The Other Homeland
A poignant tale of Egypt's once-thriving Greek community, told through interviews with tho...
published: 04 Apr 2012
author: AlJazeeraEnglish
Al Jazeera World - Egypt: The Other Homeland
A poignant tale of Egypt's once-thriving Greek community, told through interviews with those returning to find their old homes, neighbourhoods, businesses an...
- published: 04 Apr 2012
- views: 21671
- author: AlJazeeraEnglish
18:37
The Causes, Consequences and Solutions to the Greek Crisis
www.europeanideas.eu presents: An Interview with Othon Anastasakis (Director of South East...
published: 09 Feb 2012
author: europeanideas
The Causes, Consequences and Solutions to the Greek Crisis
www.europeanideas.eu presents: An Interview with Othon Anastasakis (Director of South East European Studies at Oxford) about the Causes, Consequences and Sol...
- published: 09 Feb 2012
- views: 640
- author: europeanideas
photo: AP / KCNA via KNS
06 Apr 2013
US officials have played down the threat of war on the Korean peninsula, after weeks of bellicose statements from Pyongyang. A White House spokesman said the US "would not be surprised" if North Korea launched a missile, while a top US military officer said recent threats appeared to fit a familiar pattern. Pyongyang has threatened to attack both US and South Korean targets ... 'Reckless' ... Please turn on JavaScript ... ....(size: 5.3Kb)
photo: AP / David Goldman
07 Apr 2013
Up to 12 civilians - 10 children and two women - are reported to have been killed in a Nato air strike in eastern Afghanistan ... ....(size: 0.8Kb)
photo: AP / Marcio Jose Sanchez
06 Apr 2013
President Obama apologized Friday to California Attorney General Kamala Harris for comments he made about her physical beauty at a Bay Area fundraiser the day before ... She also happens to be by far the best-looking attorney general in the country.". The problem with Obama's remarks, analysts said, is that even complimentary comments about a female politician's physical appearance can diminish her accomplishments ... E-mail ... @joegarofoli ....(size: 2.1Kb)
photo: US Navy / PO2 Kilho Park
05 Apr 2013
It seems a long time since US President Barack Obama's first day in office, when he declared that he would close the Guantanamo Bay prison camp. Some four years on, however, and the Pentagon has requested nearly $200m more for infrastructure upgrades - a clear sign, if any were needed, that the facility is here to stay. Meanwhile, prisoner anger and discontent at Guantanamo appears to be spreading. ... 671 Source.. Al Jazeera ... Close ... ....(size: 3.7Kb)
photo: UN / Rick Bajornas
07 Apr 2013
China has added its voice to the growing tensions in the Korean peninsula, saying no country should cause global chaos after the US postponed a missile test to ease war fears ... “No one should be allowed to throw a region, or even the whole world, into chaos for selfish gains,” Xi told a forum on the southern island of Hainan, without naming any specific country ... 522 Source.. Al Jazeera And Agencies ... Hijacking feminism ... ....(size: 7.7Kb)
Newsday
08 Apr 2013
Jane Elias, born of an Israeli mother and Greek father, faced the question growing up in Long Beach. What is it like in a mixed-religion family? ... 'Greek Jew?' ". It is a story not uncommon for Jews of Greek ancestry -- whose decimation at the hands of the Nazis has been seemingly... Already. registered?. Log in. Already a ... . . . . ... ....(size: 2.0Kb)
STL Today
08 Apr 2013
Newsday
08 Apr 2013
Republican mayoral candidate John Catsimatidis projected a cheerful, upbeat attitude at yesterday's Greek Independence Parade despite last week's twin corruption scandals that led to the arrest of 11 people, including two city officials, one of whom worked for Catsimatidis' campaign ... But, he added.... Already. registered?. Log in. Already a. subscriber/customer?. Register. Subscribe for ... . . . . ... ....(size: 1.9Kb)
noodls
08 Apr 2013
(Source. Philadelphia Phillies). Tickets. Fans can purchase tickets at phillies.com, by calling 215-463-1000 or in-person at the First and Third Base Gate Ticket Windows as well as the Ticket Kiosks ... A vast option of transit services is also available; for a SEPTA schedule please visit www.septa.org ... MONDAY. 7.05 p.m ... • Temple University Greek Association Night....(size: 3.6Kb)
The Examiner
08 Apr 2013
Everyone knows the dangers of overly excessive table golf or beaver training. We all know that it is a bad idea to watch too many Youtube clips of the abyss deep within man's soul. However, there is a greater danger out there. Namely, reading too many superhero comics ... View the list ... Tweet ... Adam lives in New York, where he spends his free time writing, reading, defending his decision to learn Ancient Greek in college and watching movies ... ....(size: 5.1Kb)
Canberra Times
08 Apr 2013
Slovenia's economy out-performed the rest of the Eurozone for nearly a decade, before falling into recession. Photo. iStock ... It's now up 35 per cent at 338 basis points, compared with a 54 per cent increase for Cyprus and 13 per cent for Portugal in the period ... Cyprus's banks, which lost 4.5 billion euros on Greek sovereign debt, had assets about eight times the country's economic output, more than double the average for the euro area ... ....(size: 5.5Kb)
Sacramento Bee
08 Apr 2013
LEXINGTON, Ky. -- Some of the shifts have been obvious, some more understated in nature ... 19 ... "All indications are he's the same horse we put away," LoPresti said ... a narrow runner-up effort to Ron the Greek in the Grade I Stephen Foster at Churchill followed by four effortless wins on the turf, including three straight Grade I triumphs in the Woodbine Mile, Shadwell Turf Mile and course-record setting turn in the Breeders' Cup Mile....(size: 5.6Kb)
Bloomberg
08 Apr 2013
Slovenia’s creditworthiness is deteriorating at the fastest pace in the world after Cyprus as investors speculate a banking crisis will force it to follow the island nation and become the sixth euro country to need aid ... The yield was 5.83 percent today ... 22 ... Cyprus’s banks, which lost 4.5 billion euros on Greek sovereign debt, had assets about eight times the country’s economic output, more than double the average for the euro area ... ....(size: 5.8Kb)
MLB
08 Apr 2013
Tickets. Fans can purchase tickets at phillies.com, by calling 215-463-1000 or in-person at the First and Third Base Gate Ticket Windows as well as the Ticket Kiosks ... A vast option of transit services is also available; for a SEPTA schedule please visit www.septa.org ... NEW YORK METS (April 8-10). MONDAY ... • Temple University Greek Association Night ... TUESDAY....(size: 6.2Kb)
Huffington Post
08 Apr 2013
"To be authentic is literally to be your own author, to discover your own native energies and desires, and then to find your own way of acting on them." -- Warren G. Bennis ... The word "authenticity" comes from the Greek root authentikos, meaning. "original, genuine, principal". Genuine leaders are not just the usual suspects we conjure up - the business chieftains, historic figures, and mega technology innovators ... Fostering Inner Energy ... ....(size: 8.9Kb)
Pittsburgh Post-Gazette
07 Apr 2013
Separated by a militarized border, Greek Cypriots and Turkish Cypriots had no contact for the best part of 30 years from the mid-1970s onwards; they have only been able to cross from one side to the other for the last decade ... Without any financial ties to the south, and outside of the eurozone, the north has not been touched by the Greek Cypriot economic disintegration....(size: 5.5Kb)
The Observer
07 Apr 2013
'transposes the cliches of Zorba the Greek to the present day.' ... Written and directed by a Greek Cypriot, this flat, feelgood family story transposes the cliches of Zorba the Greek to the present day. The dull Alan Bates character becomes Harry, an anglicised Greek Cypriot multi-millionaire (Stephen Dillane) bankrupted by the current economic crisis; ......(size: 2.0Kb)
Kathimerini
07 Apr 2013
The troika has reportedly accepted the hiring of 1,000 new civil servants to replace the departure of as many public sector employees who have broken the code of conduct, during talks with the Greek prime minister at his office in Athens on Sunday ... their consent to the Greek plan for the replacement of those to be sacked, according to Skai radio....(size: 1.8Kb)
This article is about the Greek people. For the finance term, see Greeks (finance).
 1st row: Homer • King Leonidas • Pericles • Herodotus • Hippocrates 2nd row: Socrates • Plato • Aristotle • Alexander the Great • Archimedes 3rd row: Hypatia • Basil II • Alexios Komnenos • Gemistos Plethon • El Greco 4th row: Rigas Feraios • Theodoros Kolokotronis • Laskarina Bouboulina • Georgios Karaiskakis • Ioannis Kapodistrias • 5th row: Eleftherios Venizelos • Constantine Cavafy • Georgios Papanikolaou • Archbishop Makarios • Pyrros Dimas |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total population | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| at least. 14 - 17 million [1] | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Regions with significant populations | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Languages | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Greek, others (mainly those of Greek descent who are assimilated) |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Religion | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Footnotes | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| a Citizens of Greece and South Cyprus. The Greek and Cypriot governments do not collect information about ethnic self-determination at the national censuses. b Higher figure includes those of ancestral descent. c Those whose stated ethnic origins included "Greek" among others. The number of those whose stated ethnic origin is solely "Greek" is 145,250. An additional 3,395 Cypriots of undeclared ethnicity live in Canada. dApprox. 60,000 Griko people and 30,000 post WW2 migrants. e "Including descendants". |
The Greeks, also known as the Hellenes (Greek: Ἕλληνες, [ˈelines]), are a nation and ethnic group native to Greece, Cyprus and other regions. They also form a significant diaspora, with Greek communities established around the world.[37]
Greek colonies and communities have been historically established in most corners of the Mediterranean, but Greeks have always been centered around the Aegean Sea, where the Greek language has been spoken since antiquity.[38] Until the early 20th century, Greeks were uniformly distributed between the Greek peninsula, the western coast of Asia Minor, Pontus, Egypt, Cyprus and Constantinople; many of these regions coincided to a large extent with the borders of the Byzantine Empire of the late 11th century and the Eastern Mediterranean areas of the ancient Greek colonization.[39]
In the aftermath of the Greco-Turkish War (1919–1922), a large-scale population exchange between Greece and Turkey transferred and confined Christians from Turkey, except Constantinople (effectively ethnic Greeks) into the borders of the modern Greek state and Cyprus. Other ethnic Greek populations can be found from southern Italy to the Caucasus and in diaspora communities in a number of other countries. Today, most Greeks are officially registered as members of the Greek Orthodox Church.[40]
Contents |
History[link]
Further information: History of Greece
The Greeks speak the Greek language, which forms its own unique branch within the Indo-European family of languages, the Hellenic language.[38] They are part of a group of pre-modern ethnicities, described by Anthony D. Smith as an "archetypal diaspora people".[41][42]
The modern Greek state was created in 1832, when the Greeks liberated a part of their historic homelands, Peloponnese, from the Ottoman Empire.[43] The large Greek diaspora and merchant class were instrumental in transmitting the ideas of western romantic nationalism and philhellenism,[44] which together with the conception of Hellenism, formulated during the last centuries of the Byzantine Empire, formed the basis of the Diafotismos and the current conception of Hellenism.[45][46][47]
Origins[link]
Further information: Proto-Greek language and List of Ancient Greek tribes
The Proto-Greeks probably arrived at the area now called Greece, in the southern tip of the Balkan peninsula, at the end of the 3rd millennium BC,[48][49][a], though a later migration by sea from eastern Anatolia, modern Armenia, has also been suggested.[50] The sequence of migrations into the Greek mainland during the 2nd millennium BC has to be reconstructed on the basis of the ancient Greek dialects, as they presented themselves centuries later and is subject to some uncertainties. There were at least two migrations, the first of the Ionians and Aeolians which resulted in Mycenaean Greece by the 16th century BC,[38][51] and the second, the Dorian invasion, around the 11th century BC, displacing the Arcadocypriot dialects which descended from the Mycenaean period. Both migrations occur at incisive periods, the Mycenaean at the transition to the Late Bronze Age and the Doric at the Bronze Age collapse.
There were some suggestions of three waves of migration indicating a Proto-Ionian one, either contemporary or even earlier than the Mycenaean. This possibility appears to have been first suggested by Ernst Curtius in the 1880s. In current scholarship, the standard assumption is to group the Ionic together with the Arcadocypriot group as the successors of a single Middle Bronze Age migration in dual opposition to the "western" group of Doric.
Mycenaean[link]
Main article: Mycenaean Greece
The Mycenaeans were ultimately the first Greek-speaking people attested through historical sources, written records in the Linear B script,[52] and through their literary echoes in the works of Homer, a few centuries later.
The Mycenaeans quickly penetrated the Aegean Sea and by the 15th century BC had reached Rhodes, Crete, Cyprus, where Teucer is said to have founded the first colony, and the shores of Asia Minor.[38][53] Around 1200 BC the Dorians, another Greek-speaking people, followed from Epirus.[54] Traditionally, historians have believed that the Dorian invasion caused the collapse of the Mycenaean civilization, but it is likely the main attack was made by seafaring raiders (sea peoples) who sailed into the eastern Mediterranean around 1180 BC.[55] The Dorian invasion was followed by a poorly attested period of migrations, appropriately called the Greek Dark Ages, but by 800 BC the landscape of Archaic and Classical Greece was discernible.[38]
In the Homeric epics, the Greeks of prehistory are viewed as the ancestors of the early classical civilization of Homer's own time,[56] while the Mycenaean pantheon included many of the divinities (e.g. Zeus, Poseidon and Hades) attested in later Greek religion.[57][58]
Classical[link]
Main article: Classical Greece
The classical period of Greek civilization covers a time spanning from the early 5th century BC to the death of Alexander the Great, in 323 BC (some authors prefer to split this period into 'Classical', from the end of the Persian wars to the end of the Peloponnesian War, and 'Fourth Century', up to the death of Alexander). It is so named because it set the standards by which Greek civilization would be judged in later eras.[59] The ethnogenesis of the Greek nation is marked, according to some scholars, by the first Olympic Games in 776 BC, when the idea of a common Hellenism among the Greek-speaking tribes was first translated into a shared cultural experience and Hellenism was primarily a matter of common culture.[37]
While the Greeks of the classical era understood themselves to belong to a common Greek genos their first loyalty was to their city and they saw nothing incongruous about warring, often brutally, with other Greek city-states. The Peloponnesian War, the large scale Greek civil war between Athens and Sparta and their allies, is a case in point.[60]
Most of the feuding Greek city-states were, in some scholars' opinions, united under the banner of Philip's and Alexander the Great's pan-Hellenic ideals, though others might generally opt, rather, for an explanation of "Macedonian conquest for the sake of conquest" or at least conquest for the sake of riches, glory and power and view the "ideal" as useful propaganda directed towards the city-states.[61]
In any case, Alexander's toppling of the Achaemenid Empire, after his victories at the battles of the Granicus, Issus and Gaugamela, and advance as far as modern-day Pakistan and Tajikistan,[62] provided an important outlet for Greek culture, via the creation of colonies and trade routes along the way.[63] While the Alexandrian empire did not survive its creator's death intact, the cultural implications of the spread of Hellenism across much of the Middle East and Asia were to prove long lived as Greek became the lingua franca, a position it retained even in Roman times.[64] Many Greeks migrated to Alexandria, Antioch, Seleucia and many other new Hellenistic cities founded in Alexander's wake.[65] Two thousand years later, there are still communities in Pakistan and Afghanistan, like the Kalash, who claim to be descended from Greek settlers.[66]
Hellenistic[link]
Main article: Hellenistic Greece
The Hellenistic civilization was the next period of Greek civilization, the beginnings of which are usually placed at Alexander's death.[67] This Hellenistic age, so called because it saw the partial Hellenization of many non-Greek cultures,[68] lasted until the conquest of Egypt by Rome in 30 BC.[67]
This age saw the Greeks move towards larger cities and a reduction in the importance of the city-state. These larger cities were parts of the still larger Kingdoms of the Diadochi.[69][70] Greeks, however, remained aware of their past, chiefly through the study of the works of Homer and the classical authors.[71] An important factor in maintaining Greek identity was contact with barbarian (non-Greek) peoples which was deepened in the new cosmopolitan environment of the multi-ethnic Hellenistic kingdoms. This led to a strong desire among Greeks to organize the transmission of the Hellenic paideia to the next generation.[71]
In the religious sphere, this was a period of profound change. The spiritual revolution that took place saw a waning of the old Greek religion, whose decline beginning in the 3rd century BC continued with the introduction of new religious movements from the East.[37] The cults of deities like Isis and Mithra were introduced into the Greek world.[70][72]
In the Indo-Greek and Greco-Bactrian kingdoms, Greco-Buddhism was spreading and Greek missionaries would play an important role in propagating it to China.[73] Further east, the Greeks of Alexandria Eschate became known to the Chinese people as the Dayuan.[74]
Byzantine[link]
Main article: Byzantine Greeks
 |
 |
|
|
Statues of Saints Cyril and Methodius, missionaries of Christianity among the Slavic peoples, on the Holy Trinity Column in Olomouc, Czech Republic.
|
||
Of the new eastern religions introduced into the Greek world the most successful was Christianity. While ethnic distinctions still existed in the Roman Empire, they became secondary to religious considerations and the renewed empire used Christianity as a tool to support its cohesion and promoted a robust Roman national identity.[75] Concurrently the secular, urban civilization of late antiquity survived in the Eastern Mediterranean along with Greco-Roman educational system, although it was from Christianity that the culture's essential values were drawn.[76]
| "Much of what we know of antiquity – especially of Hellenic and Roman literature and of Roman law — would have been lost for ever but for the scholars and scribes and copyists of Constantinople." |
| J.J. Norwich[77] |
The Eastern Roman Empire – today conventionally named the Byzantine Empire, a name not in use during its own time[78] – became increasingly influenced by Greek culture after the 7th century, when Emperor Heraclius (AD 575 - 641) decided to make Greek the empire's official language.[79][80] Certainly from then on, but likely earlier, the Roman and Greek cultures were virtually fused into a single Greco-Roman world. Although the Latin West recognized the Eastern Empire's claim to the Roman legacy for several centuries, after Pope Leo III crowned Charlemagne, king of the Franks, as the "Roman Emperor" on December 25, 800, an act which eventually led to the formation of the Holy Roman Empire, the Latin West started to favour the Franks and began to refer to the Eastern Roman Empire largely as the Empire of the Greeks (Imperium Graecorum).[81] Greek-speakers at the time, however, referred to themselves as Romaioi ("Romans").[78]
These Byzantine Greeks were largely responsible for the preservation of the literature of the classical era.[76][77][82] Byzantine grammarians were those principally responsible for carrying, in person and in writing, ancient Greek grammatical and literary studies to the West during the 15th century, giving the Italian Renaissance a major boost.[83][84] The Aristotelian philosophical tradition was nearly unbroken in the Greek world for almost two thousand years, until the Fall of Constantinople in 1453.[85]
To the Slavic world, Roman era Greeks contributed by the dissemination of literacy and Christianity. The most notable example of the later was the work of the two Greek brothers Saints Cyril and Methodius from Thessaloniki, who are credited today with formalizing the first Slavic alphabet.[86]
A distinct Greek political identity re-emerged in the 11th century in educated circles and became more forceful after the fall of Constantinople to the Crusaders of the Fourth Crusade in 1204, so that when the empire was revived in 1261, it became in many ways a Greek national state.[45] That new notion of nationhood engendered a deep interest in the classical past culminating in the ideas of the Neoplatonist philosopher Gemistus Pletho, who abandoned Christianity.[45] However, it was the combination of Orthodox Christianity with a specifically Greek identity that shaped the Greeks' notion of themselves in the empire's twilight years.[45]
Ottoman[link]
Main article: Ottoman Greeks
.JPG)
Following the Fall of Constantinople on May 29, 1453, many Greeks sought better employment and education opportunities by leaving for the West, particularly Italy, Central Europe, Germany and Russia.[83]
For those that remained under the Ottoman Empire's millet system, religion was the defining characteristic of national groups (milletler), so the exonym "Greeks" (Rumlar from the name Rhomaioi) was applied by the Ottomans to all members of the Orthodox Church, regardless of their language or ethnic origin.[46] The Greek speakers were the only ethnic group to actually call themselves Romioi,[87] (as opposed to being so named by others) and, at least those educated, considered their ethnicity (genos) to be Hellenic.[88]
The roots of Greek success in the Ottoman Empire can be traced to the Greek tradition of education and commerce.[89] It was the wealth of the extensive merchant class that provided the material basis for the intellectual revival that was the prominent feature of Greek life in the half century and more leading to the outbreak of the Greek War of Independence in 1821.[44] Not coincidentally, on the eve of 1821, the three most important centres of Greek learning were situated in Chios, Smyrna and Aivali, all three major centres of Greek commerce.[44]
Modern[link]
Main article: Greece
The relationship between ethnic Greek identity and Greek Orthodox religion continued after the creation of the Modern Greek state in 1830. According to the second article of the first Greek constitution of 1822, a Greek was defined as any Christian resident of the Kingdom of Greece, a clause removed by 1840.[90] A century later, when the Treaty of Lausanne was signed between Greece and Turkey in 1923, the two countries agreed to use religion as the determinant for ethnic identity for the purposes of population exchange, although most of the Greeks displaced (over a million of the total 1.5 million) had already been driven out by the time the agreement was signed.[N 1][91][92][93][94] The Greek genocide, contemporaneous with the failed Greek Asia Minor Campaign, was part of this process of turkification of the Ottoman Empire and the placement of its economy and trade, then largely in Greek hands under ethnic Turkish control.[95]
While most Greeks today are descended from Greek-speaking Romioi (Roman) there are sizeable groups of ethnic Greeks who trace their descent to Aromanian-speaking Vlachs and Albanian-speaking Arvanites as well as Slavophones and Turkish-speaking Karamanlides.[96][97] Today, Greeks are to be found all around the world.[98]
Identity[link]
| Part of a series on |
| Greeks |
|---|
 |
| By region or country |
| Greece · Cyprus · Albania Italy · Turkey Greek diaspora |
| Subgroups |
| Antiochians · Arvanites/Souliotes Cypriots · Grecanici Karamanlides · Macedonians Maniots · Northern Epirotes Phanariotes · Pontians Romaniotes · Sarakatsani Sfakians · Slavophones Tsakonians · Urums |
| Greek culture |
| Art · Cinema · Cuisine Dance · Dress · Education Flag · Language · Literature Music · Philosophy · Politics Religion · Sport · Television |
| Religion |
| Greek Orthodox Church Greek Roman Catholicism Greek Byzantine Catholicism Greek Evangelicalism Judaism · Islam · Neopaganism |
| Languages and dialects |
| Greek Calabrian Greek Cappadocian Greek Cretan Greek · Griko Cypriot Greek Cheimarriotika · Maniot Greek Pontic Greek · Tsakonian Yevanic · Arvanitika Karamanlidika · Slavika Urum |
| History of Greece |
The terms used to define Greekness have varied throughout history but were never limited or completely identified with membership to a Greek state.[99] By Western standards, the term Greeks has traditionally referred to any native speakers of the Greek language, whether Mycenaean, Byzantine or modern Greek.[46][100] Byzantine Greeks called themselves Romioi and considered themselves the political heirs of Rome, but at least by the 12th century a growing number of those educated, deemed themselves the heirs of ancient Greece as well, although for most of the Greek speakers, "Hellene" still meant pagan.[101] On the eve of the Fall of Constantinople the Last Emperor urged his soldiers to remember that they were the descendants of Greeks and Romans.[102]
Before the establishment of the Modern Greek state, the link between ancient and modern Greeks was emphasized by the scholars of Greek Enlightenment especially by Rigas Feraios. In his "Political Constitution", he addresses to the nation as "the people descendant of the Greeks".[103]
The Greeks today are a nation in the meaning of an ethnos, defined by possessing Greek culture and having a Greek mother tongue, not by citizenship, race, and religion or by being subjects of any particular state.[104] In ancient and medieval times and to a lesser extent today the Greek term was genos, which also indicates a common ancestry.[105][106]
Names[link]
Main article: Names of the Greeks
Throughout the centuries, Greeks and Greek speakers have been known by a number of names, including:
- Hellenes – Homer refers to the "Hellenes" as a relatively small tribe settled in Thessalic Phthia, with its warriors under the command of Achilleus.[107] The Parian Chronicle says that Phthia was the homeland of the Hellenes and that this name was given to those previously called Greeks (Γραικοί).[108] In Greek mythology, Hellen, the patriarch of Hellenes, was son of Pyrrha and Deucalion, who ruled around Phthia, the only survivors after the great deluge.[109] It seems that the myth was invented when the Greek tribes started to separate from each other in certain areas of Greece and it indicates their common origin. Aristotle names ancient Hellas as an area in Epirus between Dodona and the Achelous river, the location of the great deluge of Deucalion, a land occupied by the Selloi and the "Greeks" who later came to be known as "Hellenes".[110] Selloi were the priests of Dodonian Zeus[111] and the word probably means "sacrificers" (compare Gothic saljan, "present, sacrifice"). There is currently no satisfactory etymology of the name Hellenes. Some scholars assert that the name Selloi changed to Sellanes and then to Hellanes-Hellenes.[112][113] However this etymology connects the name Hellenes with the Dorians who occupied Epirus and the relation with the name Greeks given by the Romans becomes uncertain. The name Hellenes seems to be older and it was probably used by the Greeks with the establishment of the Great Amphictyonic League. This was an ancient association of Greek tribes with twelve founders which was organized to protect the great temples of Apollo in Delphi (Phocis) and of Demeter near Thermopylae (Locris).[114] According to the legend it was founded after the Trojan War by the eponymous Amphictyon, brother of Hellen.
- Greeks (Γραικοί) – In the Hesiodic Catalogue of Women, Graecus is presented as the son of Zeus and Pandora II, sister of Hellen the patriarch of Hellenes.[115] Hellen was the son of Deucalion who ruled around Phthia in central Greece. The Parian Chronicle mentions that when Deucalion became king of Phthia,the previously called Graikoi were named Hellenes. Aristotle notes that the Hellenes were related with Grai/Greeks (Meteorologica I.xiv) a native name of a Dorian tribe in Epirus which was used by the Illyrians. He also claims that the great deluge must have occurred in the region around Dodona, where the Selloi dwelt. However according to the Greek tradition it is more possible that the homeland of the Greeks was originally in central Greece. A modern theory derives the name Greek (Lt. Graeci) from Graecos inhabitant of Graia -or Graea-(Γραία), a town on the coast of Boeotia. Greek colonists from Graia helped to found Cumae (900 BC) in Italy,where they were called Graeces.When the Romans encountered them they used this name for the colonists and then for all Greeks.(Graeci)[116] In Greek, graia (γραία) means "old woman" and is derived from the PIE root *gere: "to grow old"[117][118] in Proto-Greek guraj, "old age" and later "gift of honour" (Mycenean:"kera, geras"), and grau-j, "old lady".[119] The Germanic languages borrowed the word Greeks with an initial "k" sound which probably was their initial sound closest to the Latin "g" at the time (Goth. Kreks). The area out of ancient Attica including Boeotia was called Graiki and is connected with the older deluge of Ogyges[120] the mythological ruler of Boeotia. The region was originally occupied by the Minyans who were autochthonous or Proto-Greek speaking people.[121] In ancient Greek the name Ogygios came to mean "from earliest days".[122]
- Achaeans (Αχαιοί) – Homer uses the terms Achaeans and Danaans as a generic term for Greeks in Iliad,[123] and they were probably a part of the Mycenean civilization. The names Achaioi and Danaoi seem to be pre-Dorian belonging to the people who were overthrown. They were forced to the region that later bore the name Achaea after the Dorian invasion.[124] In the 5th century BC they were redefined as contemporary speakers of Aeolic Greek which was spoken mainly in Thessaly, Boetia and Lesbos. There are many controversial theories on the origin of the Achaeans. According to one view, the Achaeans were one of the fair-headed tribes of upper Europe, who pressed down over the Alps during the early Iron age (1300 BC) to southern Europe.[125] Another theory suggests that the Peloponnesian Dorians were the Achaeans.[126] These theories are rejected by other scholars who, based on linguistic criteria, suggest that the Achaeans were mainland pre-Dorian Greeks.[127] There is also the theory that there was an Achaean ethnos that migrated from Asia minor to lower Thessaly prior to 2000 BC.[128] Some Hittite texts mention a nation lying to the west called Ahhiyava or Ahhiya.[129] Egyptian documents are referring to Ekwesh, one of the groups of sea peoples who attached Egypt during the reign of Merneptah (1213-1203 BCE), who may have been Achaeans.[130]
- Danaans or Danaoi (Δαναοί) and Argives (Αργείοι). In Homer's Iliad, the names Danaans and Argives are used to designate the Greek forces opposed to the Trojans. The myth of Danaus, whose origin is Egypt, is a foundation legend of Argos. His daughters Danaides, were forced in Tartarus to carry a jug to fill a bathtub without a bottom. This myth is connected with a task that can never be never be fullfilled (Sisyphos) and the name can be derived from the PIE root *danu: "river".[131][132] There is not any satisfactory theory on their origin. Some scholars connect Danaans with the Denyen, one of the groups of the sea peoples who attacked Egypt during the reign of Ramesses III (1187-1156 BCE).[133] The same inscription mentions the Weshesh who might have been the Achaeans. The Denyen seem to have been inhabitants of the city Adana in Cilicia. Pottery similar to that of Mycenae itself has been found in Tarsus of Cilicia and it seems that some refugees from the Aegean went there after the collapse of the Mycenean civilization. These Cilicians seem to have been called Dananiyim,the same word as Danaoi who attacked Egypt in 1191 BC along with the Quaouash (or Weshesh) who may be Achaeans.[134] They were also called Danuna according to a Hittite inscription and the same name is mentioned in the Amarna letters.[135]Julius Pokorny reconstructs the name from the PIE root da:-: "flow, river", da:-nu: "any moving liquid, drops", da: navo "people living by the river, Skyth. nomadic people (in Rigveda water-demons, fem.Da:nu primordial goddess), in Greek Danaoi, Egypt. Danuna".[136] It is also possible that the name Danaans is pre-Greek. A country Danaja with a city Mukana (propaply: Mycenea) is mentioned in inscriptions from Egypt from Amenophis III (1390-1352 BC), Thutmosis III (1437 BC).[137]
- Romioi, Rûm (traditionally for the Byzantine Greeks when the term Greek came to mean pagan)
- Yona or Yavana (transliterations of the Greek word for "Ionians")
- Javan or Yavan (in Hebrew)
Modern and Ancient[link]
The most obvious link between modern and ancient Greeks is their language, which has a documented tradition from at least the 14th century BC to the present day, albeit with a break during the Greek Dark Ages.[138] Scholars compare its continuity of tradition to Chinese alone.[138][139] Since its inception, Hellenism was primarily a matter of common culture[37] and the national continuity of the Greek world is a lot more certain than its demographic.[140] Yet, Hellenism also embodied an ancestral dimension through aspects of Athenian literature that developed and influenced ideas of descent based on autochthony.[141] During the later years of the Eastern Roman Empire, areas such as Ionia and Constantinople experienced a Hellenic revival in language, philosophy, and literature and on classical models of thought and scholarship.[140] This revival provided a powerful impetus to the sense of cultural affinity with ancient Greece and its classical heritage.[140] The cultural changes undergone by the Greeks are, despite a surviving common sense of ethnicity, undeniable.[140] At the same time, the Greeks have retained their language and alphabet, certain values, customs, a sense of religious and cultural difference and exclusion, (the word barbarian was used by 12th century historian Anna Komnene to describe non-Greek speakers),[142] a sense of Greek identity and common sense of ethnicity despite the global political and social changes of the past two millennia.[140]
Demographics[link]
Main articles: Demographics of Greece and Demographics of Cyprus
Today, Greeks are the majority ethnic group in the Hellenic Republic,[143] where they constitute 93% of the country's population,[144] and the Republic of Cyprus where they make up 78% of the island's population (excluding Turkish settlers in the occupied part of the country).[145] Greek populations have not traditionally exhibited high rates of growth; nonetheless, the population of Greece has shown regular increase since the country's first census in 1828.[146] A large percentage of the population growth since the state's foundation has resulted from annexation of new territories and the influx of 1.5 million Greek refugees after the 1923 population exchange between Greece and Turkey.[146] About 80% of the population of Greece is urban, with 28% concentrated in the city of Athens[147]
Greeks from Cyprus have a similar history of emigration, usually to the English-speaking world because of the island's colonization by the British Empire. Waves of emigration followed the Turkish invasion of Cyprus in 1974, while the population decreased between mid-1974 and 1977 as a result of emigration, war losses, and a temporary decline in fertility.[148] After the ethnic cleansing of a third of the Greek population of the island in 1974,[149][150][151][152][153] there was also an increase in the number of Greek Cypriots leaving, especially for the Middle East, which contributed to a decrease in population that tapered off in the 1990s.[148] Today more than two-thirds of the Greek population in Cyprus is urban.[148]
There is a sizeable Greek minority of about 105,000 people, in Albania.[154] The Greek minority of Turkey, which numbered upwards of 200,000 people after the 1923 exchange, has now dwindled to a few thousand, after the 1955 Constantinople Pogrom and other state sponsored violence and discrimination.[155] This effectively ended, though not entirely, the three thousand year old presence of Hellenism in Asia Minor.[156][157] There are smaller Greek minorities in the rest of the Balkan countries, the Levant and the Black Sea states, remnants of the Old Greek Diaspora (pre-19th century).[158]
Diaspora[link]
Main article: Greek diaspora
The total number of Greeks living outside Greece and Cyprus today is a contentious issue. Where Census figures are available, they show around 3 million Greeks outside Greece and Cyprus. Estimates provided by the SAE - World Council of Hellenes Abroad put the figure at around 7 million worldwide.[159] According to George Prevelakis of Sorbonne University, the number is closer to just below 5 million.[160] Integration, intermarriage, and loss of the Greek language influence the self-identification of the Omogeneia. Important centres of the New Greek Diaspora today are London, New York, Melbourne and Toronto.[158] Recently, the Hellenic Parliament passed a law that enables Diaspora Greeks to vote in the elections of the Greek state.[161]
Ancient[link]
In ancient times, the trading and colonizing activities of the Greek tribes and city states spread the Greek culture, religion and language around the Mediterranean and Black Sea basins, especially in Sicily and southern Italy (also known as Magna Grecia), Spain, the south of France and the Black sea coasts.[162] Under Alexander the Great's empire and successor states, Greek and Hellenizing ruling classes were established in the Middle East, India and in Egypt.[162] The Hellenistic period is characterized by a new wave of Greek colonization that established Greek cities and kingdoms in Asia and Africa.[163] Under the Roman Empire, easier movement of people spread Greeks across the Empire and in the eastern territories, Greek became the lingua franca rather than Latin.[79] The modern-day Griko community of southern Italy, numbering about 60,000,[17][18] may represent a living remnant of the ancient Greek populations of Italy.
Modern[link]
During and after the Greek War of Independence, Greeks of the diaspora were important in establishing the fledgling state, raising funds and awareness abroad.[164] Greek merchant families already had contacts in other countries and during the disturbances many set up home around the Mediterranean (notably Marseilles in France, Livorno in Italy, Alexandria in Egypt), Russia (Odessa and Saint Petersburg), and Britain (London and Liverpool) from where they traded, typically in textiles and grain.[165] Businesses frequently comprised the extended family, and with them they brought schools teaching Greek and the Greek Orthodox Church.[165]
As markets changed and they became more established, some families grew their operations to become shippers, financed through the local Greek community, notably with the aid of the Ralli or Vagliano Brothers.[166] With economic success, the Diaspora expanded further across the Levant, North Africa, India and the USA.[166][167]
In the 20th century, many Greeks left their traditional homelands for economic reasons resulting in large migrations from Greece and Cyprus to the United States, Great Britain, Australia, Canada, Germany, and South Africa, especially after the Second World War (1939–45), the Greek Civil War (1946–49), and the Turkish Invasion of Cyprus in 1974.[168]
21st Century[link]
While official figures remain scarce, polls and anecdotal evidence point to renewed Greek emigration as a result of the Greek financial crisis.[169] According to Lois Labrianidis at the University of Macedonia, Greece has lost more than half of its Ph.D. holders since the beginning of the crisis.[170]Additionally, he estimates that between 114,000 and 139,000 Greek scientists currently work abroad, around 10 percent of the country’s base of science graduates. George Tzogopoulos, a research fellow at the Athens-based Hellenic Foundation for European & Foreign Policy, claims, "It [emigration] will definitely increase this year, because in 2012 we will experience the worst year yet of the crisis.”[171]
In a survey conducted in January 2012 by Focus Bari, for Panteion University in Athens, 53% of 444 men and women aged between 18 and 24 said they might emigrate, while 17% claimed that they were ready to leave the country. Furthermore, 76% said emigration is the best way to cope with the country’s financial crisis.[172]
According to government data from 2011, 23,800 Greeks emigrated Germany, a 90% increase over the previous year.[173]
Culture[link]
Main article: Culture of Greece
Greek culture has evolved over thousands of years, with its beginning in the Mycenaean civilization, continuing through the Classical period, the Roman and Eastern Roman periods and was profoundly affected by Christianity, which it in turn influenced and shaped.[174][175] Ottoman Greeks had to endure through several centuries of adversity that culminated in genocide in the 20th century but nevertheless included cultural exchanges and enriched both cultures.[176][177][178][179][180] The Diafotismos is credited with revitalizing Greek culture and giving birth to the synthesis of ancient and medieval elements that characterize it today.[45][46]
Language[link]
Main article: Greek language
Most Greeks speak the Greek language, an Indo-European language that forms a branch itself, with its closest relations being Armenian (see Graeco-Armenian) and the Indo-Iranian languages (see Graeco-Aryan).[138] It has one of the longest documented histories of any language and Greek literature has a continuous history of over 2,500 years.[181] Several notable literary works, including the Homeric epics, Euclid's Elements and the New Testament, were originally written in Greek.
Greek demonstrates several linguistic features that are shared with other Balkan languages, such as Albanian, Bulgarian and Eastern Romance languages (see Balkan sprachbund), and has absorbed many foreign words, primarily of Western European and Turkish origin.[182] Because of the movements of Philhellenism and the Diafotismos in the 19th century, which emphasized the modern Greeks' ancient heritage, these foreign influences were excluded from official use via the creation of Katharevousa, a somewhat artificial form of Greek purged of all foreign influence and words, as the official language of the Greek state. In 1976, however, the Hellenic Parliament voted to make the spoken Dimotiki the official language, making Katharevousa obsolete.[183]
Modern Greek has, in addition to Standard Modern Greek or Dimotiki, a wide variety of dialects of varying levels of mutual intelligibility, including Cypriot, Pontic, Cappadocian, Griko and Tsakonian (the only surviving representative of ancient Doric Greek).[184] Yevanic is the language of the Romaniotes, and survives in small communities in Greece, New York and Israel. In addition to Greek, many Greeks in Greece and the Diaspora are bilingual in other languages or dialects such as English, Arvanitika, Aromanian, Macedonian Slavic, Russian and Turkish.[138][185]
Religion[link]
Main articles: Religion in ancient Greece and Orthodox Church
Most Greeks are Christians, belonging to the Greek Orthodox Church. During the first centuries after Jesus Christ, the New Testament was originally written in Koine Greek, which remains the liturgical language of the Greek Orthodox Church, and most of the early Christians and Church Fathers were Greek-speaking.[174][175] While the Orthodox Church was always intensely hostile to the ancient Greek religion, it did help Greeks keep their sense of identity during the Ottoman rule through its use of Greek in the liturgy and its modest educational efforts.[186] There are small groups of ethnic Greeks adhering to other Christian denominations like Greek Catholics, Greek Evangelicals, Pentecostals, and groups adhering to other religions including Romaniot and Sephardic Jews and Greek Muslims. In particular, there are Greek Muslim communities in Tripoli, Lebanon, (7,000 strong) and Al Hamidiyah in Syria, while there is a large community of indeterminate size in the Pontus region, who were spared of the population exchange because of their faith.[187] About 2,000 Greeks are members of Hellenic Polytheistic Reconstructionism congregations.[188][189][190]
Art[link]
Greek art has a long and varied history. Greeks have contributed to the visual, literary and performing arts.[191] In the West, ancient Greek art was influential in shaping the Roman and later the modern western artistic heritage. Following the Renaissance in Europe, the humanist aesthetic and the high technical standards of Greek art inspired generations of European artists.[191] Well into the 19th century, the classical tradition derived from Greece played an important role in the art of the western world.[192] In the East, Alexander the Great's conquests initiated several centuries of exchange between Greek, Central Asian and Indian cultures, resulting in Greco-Buddhist art, whose influence reached as far as Japan.[193]
Byzantine Greek art, which grew from classical art and adapted the pagan motifs in the service of Christianity, provided a stimulus to the art of many nations.[194] Its influences can be traced from Venice in the West to Kazakhstan in the East.[194][195] In turn, Greek art was influenced by eastern civilizations in classical antiquity and the new religion of Orthodox Christianity during Roman times, while modern Greek art is heavily influenced by western art.[196]
Notable modern Greek artists include Renaissance painter Dominikos Theotokopoulos (El Greco), Panagiotis Doxaras, Nikolaos Gyzis, Yannis Tsarouchis, Nikos Engonopoulos, Constantine Andreou, Jannis Kounellis, conductor Dimitri Mitropoulos, soprano Maria Callas, composers such as Mikis Theodorakis, Nikos Skalkottas, Iannis Xenakis, Manos Hatzidakis, Eleni Karaindrou, Yanni and Vangelis, one of the best-selling singers worldwide Nana Mouskouri and poets such as Kostis Palamas, Dionysios Solomos, Angelos Sikelianos and Yannis Ritsos. Alexandrian Constantine P. Cavafy and Nobel laureates Giorgos Seferis and Odysseas Elytis are among the most important poets of the 20th century. Novel is also represented by Alexandros Papadiamantis and Nikos Kazantzakis.
Notable Greek actors include Marika Kotopouli, Melina Mercouri, Ellie Lambeti, Academy Award winner Katina Paxinou, Dimitris Horn, Manos Katrakis and Irene Papas. Alekos Sakellarios, Michael Cacoyannis and Theo Angelopoulos are among the most important directors.
Science[link]
See also: Greek mathematics, Greek philosophy, Ancient Greek medicine, Byzantine science, and Greek scholars in the Renaissance
The Greeks of the Classical era made several notable contributions to science and helped lay the foundations of several western scientific traditions, like philosophy, historiography and mathematics. The scholarly tradition of the Greek academies was maintained during Roman times with several academic institutions in Constantinople, Antioch, Alexandria and other centres of Greek learning while Eastern Roman science was essentially a continuation of classical science.[197] Greeks have a long tradition of valuing and investing in paideia (education).[71] Paideia was one of the highest societal values in the Greek and Hellenistic world while the first European institution described as a university was founded in 5th century Constantinople and operated in various incarnations until the city's fall to the Ottomans in 1453.[198] The University of Constantinople was Christian Europe's first secular institution of higher learning since no theological subjects were taught,[199] and considering the original meaning of the world university as a corporation of students, the world’s first university as well.[198]
As of 2007, Greece had the eighth highest percentage of tertiary enrollment in the world (with the percentages for female students being higher than for male) while Greeks of the Diaspora are equally active in the field of education.[147] Hundreds of thousands of Greek students attend western universities every year while the faculty lists of leading Western universities contain a striking number of Greek names.[200] Notable modern Greek scientists of modern times include Dimitrios Galanos, Georgios Papanikolaou (inventor of the Pap test), Nicholas Negroponte, Constantin Carathéodory, Manolis Andronikos, Michael Dertouzos, John Argyris, Panagiotis Kondylis and Dimitri Nanopoulos.
Symbols[link]
See also: Flag of Greece
File:Flag of Greece (1828-1978).svg
Traditional Greek flag.
The most widely used symbol is the flag of Greece, which features nine equal horizontal stripes of blue alternating with white representing the nine syllables of the Greek national motto Eleftheria i thanatos (freedom or death), which was the motto of the Greek War of Independence.[201] The blue square in the upper hoist-side corner bears a white cross, which represents Greek Orthodoxy. The Greek flag is widely used by the Greek Cypriots, although Cyprus has officially adopted a neutral flag to ease ethnic tensions with the Turkish Cypriot minority – see flag of Cyprus).[202]
The pre-1978 (and first) flag of Greece, which features a Greek cross (crux immissa quadrata) on a blue background, is widely used as an alternative to the official flag, and they are often flown together. The national emblem of Greece features a blue escutcheon with a white cross surrounded by two laurel branches. A common design involves the current flag of Greece and the pre-1978 flag of Greece with crossed flagpoles and the national emblem placed in front.[203]
Another highly recognizable and popular Greek symbol is the double-headed eagle, the imperial emblem of the last dynasty of the Roman Empire and a common symbol in Asia Minor and, later, Eastern Europe.[204] It is not part of the modern Greek flag or coat of arms, although it is officially the insignia of the Greek Army and the flag of the Church of Greece. It had been incorporated in the Greek coat of arms between 1925 and 1926.[205]
Surnames[link]
See also: Greek name
Greek surnames were widely in use by the 9th century supplanting the ancient tradition of using the father’s name, however Greek surnames are most commonly patronymics.[206] Commonly, Greek male surnames end in -s, which is the common ending for Greek masculine proper nouns in the nominative case. Exceptionally, some end in -ou, indicating the genitive case of this proper noun for patronymic reasons.[207] Although surnames in mainland Greece are static today, dynamic and changing patronymic usage survives in middle names where the genitive of father's first name is commonly the middle name (this usage having been passed onto the Russians). In Cyprus, by contrast, surnames follow the ancient tradition of being given according to the father’s name.[208][209][210] Finally, in addition to Greek-derived surnames many have Latin, Turkish and Italian origin.[211]
With respect to personal names, the two main influences are early Christianity and antiquity. The ancient names were never forgotten but have become more widely bestowed from the 18th century onwards.[212]
Sea[link]
Main article: Greek shipping
The traditional Greek homelands have been the Greek peninsula and the Aegean Sea, the Southern Italy (Magna Graecia), the Black Sea, the Ionian coasts of Asia Minor and the islands of Cyprus and Sicily. In Plato's Phaidon, Socrates remarks, "we (Greeks) live like ants or frogs around a pond".[213] This image is attested by the map of the Old Greek Diaspora, which corresponded to the Greek world until the creation of the Greek state in 1832. The sea and trade were natural outlets for Greeks since the Greek peninsula is rocky and does not offer good prospects for agriculture.[37]
Notable Greek seafarers include people such as Pytheas of Marseilles, Scylax of Caryanda who sailed to Iberia and beyond, Nearchus, the 6th century merchant and later monk Cosmas Indicopleustes (Cosmas who sailed to India) and the explorer of the Northwestern passage Juan de Fuca.[214][215][216][217] In later times, the Romioi plied the sea-lanes of the Mediterranean and controlled trade until an embargo imposed by the Roman Emperor on trade with the Caliphate opened the door for the later Italian pre-eminence in trade.[218][219]
The Greek shipping tradition recovered during Ottoman rule when a substantial merchant middle class developed, which played an important part in the Greek War of Independence.[45] Today, Greek shipping continues to prosper to the extent that Greece has the largest merchant fleet in the world, while many more ships under Greek ownership fly flags of convenience.[147] The most notable shipping magnate of the 20th century was Aristotle Onassis, others being Yiannis Latsis, George Livanos, and Stavros Niarchos.[220][221] A famous Greek poet of the 20th century was also a Chinese-born seaman Nikos Kavvadias.[222]
Timeline[link]
The history of the Greek people is closely associated with the history of Greece, Cyprus, Constantinople, Asia Minor and the Black Sea. During the Ottoman rule of Greece, a number of Greek enclaves around the Mediterranean were cut off from the core, notably in Southern Italy, the Caucasus, Syria and Egypt. By the early 20th century, over half of the overall Greek-speaking population was settled in Asia Minor (now Turkey), while later that century a huge wave of migration to the United States, Australia, Canada and elsewhere created the modern Greek diaspora.
Some key historical events have also been included for context, but this timeline is not intended to cover history not related to migrations. There is more information on the historical context of these migrations in History of Greece.
|
|
See also[link]
Notes[link]
- a.^ Though there is a range of interpretations; Carl Blegen dates the arrival of the Greeks around 1900 BC, John Caskey believes that there were two waves of immigrants and Robert Drews places the event as late as 1600 BC.[224][225] A variety of more theories has also been supported,[226] but there is a general consensus that the coming of the Greek tribes occurred around 2100 BC.
- ^ While Greek authorities signed the agreement legalizing the population exchange this was done on the insistence of Mustafa Kemal Atatürk and after a million Greeks had already been expelled from Asia Minor. Gilbar, Gad G. (1997). Population dilemmas in the Middle East: essays in political demography and economy. London: F. Cass. p. 8. ISBN 0-7146-4706-3.
Citations[link]
- ^ Immigration and asylum: from 1900 to the present, Volume 1.
- ^ www.eurfedling.org The main ethnic groups were Greeks 93.76%, Albanians 4.32%, Bulgarians 0.39%, Romanians 0.23%, Ukrainians 0.18%, Pakistani 0.14%, Russians 0.12%, Georgians 0.12%, Indians 0.09% and others 0.65%.
- ^ [1] information from the 2001 Census: The Census recorded 762.191 persons normally resident in Greece and without Greek citizenship, constituting around 7% of total population. Of these, 48.560 are EU or EFTA nationals; there are also 17.426 Cypriots with privileged status.
- ^ Toal ancestry reported United States Census Bureau 2009.
- ^ "Greece (08/09)". United States Department of State. August 2009. http://www.state.gov/r/pa/ei/bgn/3395.htm. Retrieved 2009-11-01.
- ^ "Cyprus population census 2011". http://www.cystat.gov.cy/mof/cystat/statistics.nsf/All/732265957BAC953AC225798300406903?OpenDocument&sub=2&sel=1&e=. Out of population of 838,897 people, 659,350 were citizens of Cyprus itself and 179,547 of foreign countries, of which 31,044 were citizens of Greece(690,394 overall citizens of Greece and Cyprus).
- ^ Duff, Oliver (3 April 2008). "It's All Greek to Boris". The Independent (London). http://www.independent.co.uk/news/people/pandora/pandora-its-all-greek-to-boris-803996.html. Retrieved 2009-10-01.
- ^ "2006 Census Table: Australia". www.censusdata.abs.gov.au. http://www.censusdata.abs.gov.au/ABSNavigation/prenav/ViewData?action=402&documentproductno=&documenttype=Related+Areas&order=1&tabname=Related%20Products&areacode=0&issue=2006&viewtitle=Australia&producttype=Census%20Tables&javascript=true&textversion=false&navmapdisplayed=true&breadcrumb=POTLD&&collection=Census&period=2006&productlabel=Ancestry%20by%20Country%20of%20Birth%20of%20Parents&producttype=Census%20Tables&method=Place%20of%20Usual%20Residence&topic=Ancestry&. Retrieved 2008-12-24.
- ^ "General Diaspora Information". Hellenic Ministry of Foreign Affairs, General Secretary for Greeks Abroad. Archived from the original on 2004-10-12. http://web.archive.org/web/20041012210955/http://www.ggae.gr/gabroad/organosi.el.asp. Retrieved 2004.
- ^ "Foreign Population". Federal Statistical Office of Germany. http://www.destatis.de/jetspeed/portal/cms/Sites/destatis/Internet/EN/Content/Statistics/Bevoelkerung/AuslaendischeBevoelkerung/Tabellen/Content50/TOP10Liste,templateId=renderPrint.psml. Retrieved 2009-01-18. [dead link]
- ^ "Ethnic origins, 2006 counts, for Canada, provinces and territories". Statistics Canada. http://www12.statcan.ca/english/census06/data/highlights/ethnic/pages/Page.cfm?Lang=E&Geo=PR&Code=01&Data=Count&Table=2&StartRec=1&Sort=3&Display=All&CSDFilter=5000. Retrieved 2008-04-13.
- ^ Jeffries, Ian (1993-06-25). ''Eastern Europe at the end of the 20th century'', Ian Jeffries, p. 69. ISBN 978-0-415-23671-3. http://books.google.com/?id=kqCnCOgGc5AC&pg=PA68&dq=greek+minority+albania. Retrieved 2010-08-27.
- ^ Ethnic groups in Russia, 2002 census, Demoscope Weekly. Retrieved 5 February 2009
- ^ Russia population census 2002, Vol. 4, Table 1. Retrieved 5 February 2009
- ^ "2001 census". State Statistics Committee of Ukraine. http://2001.ukrcensus.gov.ua/eng/results/nationality_population/nationality_1/s5/?botton=cens_db&box=5.1W&k_t=00&p=20&rz=1_1&rz_b=2_1%20&n_page=2. Retrieved 2008-04-13.
- ^ (Spanish) Embajada Griega en Chile.
- ^ a b "Grecia Salentina official site (in Italian).". www.greciasalentina.org.org. http://www.greciasalentina.org/L_Html/unione.php. Retrieved 2011-February. "La popolazione complessiva dell’Unione è di 54278 residenti così distribuiti (Dati Istat al 31° dicembre 2005. Comune Popolazione Calimera 7351 Carpignano Salentino 3868 Castrignano dei Greci 4164 Corigliano d'Otranto 5762 Cutrofiano 9250 Martano 9588 Martignano 1784 Melpignano 2234 Soleto 5551 Sternatia 2583 Zollino 2143 Totale 54278"
- ^ a b Bellinello, Pier Francesco (1998). Minoranze etniche e linguistiche. Bios. p. 53. ISBN 88-7740-121-4 9788877401212. http://books.google.com/books?id=mHdJAAAAMAAJ&q=Greco+14.000+unit%C3%A0#search_anchor. "Le attuali colonie Greche calabresi; La Grecìa calabrese si inscrive nel massiccio aspromontano e si concentra nell'ampia e frastagliata valle dell'Amendolea e nelle balze più a oriente, dove sorgono le fiumare dette di S. Pasquale, di Palizzi e Sidèroni e che costituiscono la Bovesia vera e propria. Compresa nei territori di cinque comuni (Bova Superiore, Bova Marina, Roccaforte del Greco, Roghudi, Condofuri), la Grecia si estende per circa 233 kmq. La popolazione anagrafica complessiva è di circa 14.000 unità."
- ^ "Hellenic Republic Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Italy, The Greek Community". http://www.mfa.gr/www.mfa.gr/en-US/Policy/Geographic+Regions/Europe/Relationships+with+EU+Member+States/Italy/. "Greek community. The Greek diaspora consists of some 30,000 people, most of whom are to be found in Central Italy. There has also been an age-old presence of Italian nationals of Greek descent, who speak the Greco dialect peculiar to the Magna Graecia region. This dialect can be traced historically back to the era of Byzantine rule, but even as far back as classical antiquity."
- ^ "Hellenic Republic Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Greece and sub-Saharan African Countries Bilateral Relations". http://old.mfa.gr/english/foreign_policy/sub_saharan/.
- ^ "The Greek Community". Archived from the original on 2007-06-13. http://web.archive.org/web/20070613004819/http://www.memorialdoimigrante.sp.gov.br/historico/e4.htm.
- ^ http://www.mfa.gr/www.mfa.gr/el-GR/Policy/Geographic+Regions/Europe/Relationships+with+EU+Member+States/France/
- ^ "Hellenic Republic Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Argentina, The Greek Community". http://www.mfa.gr/www.mfa.gr/en-US/Policy/Geographic+Regions/Latin+America+-+Caribbean/Bilateral+Relations/Argentina/.
- ^ "Ecodata, Belgian Statistics". http://ecodata.mineco.fgov.be/mdn/Vreemde_bevolking.jsp.
- ^ Eurominority: Greeks in Georgia
- ^ Glas Javnosti: Nama su samo Srbi braća
- ^ "Greek community of Sweden". Hellenic Ministry of Foreign Affairs. http://www.mfa.gr/www.mfa.gr/en-US/Policy/Geographic+Regions/Europe/Relationships+with+EU+Member+States/Sweden/.
- ^ "Ethnodemographic situation in Kazakhstan" (PDF). Archived from the original on 2008-03-07. http://web.archive.org/web/20080307133141/http://www.ide.go.jp/English/Publish/Mes/pdf/51_cap1_2.pdf.
- ^ "Switzerland". www.mfa.gr. http://www.mfa.gr/www.mfa.gr/en-US/Policy/Geographic+Regions/Europe/Relationships+with+other+countries/Switzerland. Retrieved 2008-12-24. [dead link]
- ^ "GREEKS IN UZBEKISTAN - Central Asia-Caucasus Institute Analyst". www.cacianalyst.org. http://www.cacianalyst.org/?q=node/515. Retrieved 2008-12-24.
- ^ "Recensamant Romania 2002 < Articole InfoAfaceri < ClubAfaceri.ro". www.clubafaceri.ro. http://www.clubafaceri.ro/info_articole/articol/1294. Retrieved 2008-12-24.
- ^ Hellenic Republic: Ministry of Foreign Affairs: Austria: The Greek Community
- ^ minorityrights.org
- ^ Bulgarian Census statistics.
- ^ Ministry of Foreign Affairs
- ^ National Statistical Service of the Republic of Armenia: 2002 census
- ^ a b c d e Roberts, J.M. (2004). The New Penguin History of the World. Penguin. pp. 171–172, 222. ISBN 978-0-14-103042-5.
- ^ a b c d e "The Greeks". Encyclopædia Britannica. US: Encyclopædia Britannica Inc.. 2008. Online Edition.
- ^ Beaton, R. (1996). The Medieval Greek Romance. Routledge. pp. 1–25. ISBN 0-415-12032-2.
- ^ CIA World Factbook on Greece: Greek Orthodox 98%, Greek Muslim 1.3%, other 0.7%.
- ^ Guibernau, Montserrat; Hutchinson, John, eds. (2004). History and National Destiny: Ethnosymbolism and its Critics. Oxford: Wiley-Blackwell. p. 23. ISBN 1-4051-2391-5. "Indeed, Smith emphasizes that the myth of divine election sustains the continuity of cultural identity, and, in that regard, has enabled certain pre-modern communities such as the Jews, Armenians, and Greeks to survive and persist over centuries and millennia (Smith 1993: 15-20)."
- ^ Smith, Anthony D. (1999). Myths and memories of the nation. Oxford University Press. p. 21. ISBN 0-19-829534-0. "It emphasizes the role of myths, memories and symbols of ethnic chosenness, trauma, and the ‘golden age’ of saints, sages, and heroes in the rise of modern nationalism among the Jews, Armenians, and Greeks—the archetypal diaspora peoples."
- ^ Koliopoulos, John S.; Veremis, Thanos M. (2004). Greece: the modern sequel: from 1821 to the present. C. Hurst & Co. Publishers. p. 277. ISBN 1-85065-463-8.
- ^ a b c "History of Greece, Ottoman Empire, The merchant middle class". Encyclopædia Britannica. United States: Encyclopædia Britannica Inc.. 2008. Online Edition.
- ^ a b c d e f "Greece during the Byzantine period (c. AD 300–c. 1453), Population and languages, Emerging Greek identity". Encyclopædia Britannica. United States: Encyclopædia Britannica Inc.. 2008. Online Edition.
- ^ a b c d Mazower, Mark (2002). The Balkans: A Short History. Random House Publishing Group. pp. 105–107. ISBN 0-8129-6621-X.
- ^ Smith, Anthony D. (2003). Chosen peoples: sacred sources of national identity. Oxford University Press. p. 98. ISBN 0-19-210017-3. "After the Ottoman conquest in 1453, recognition by the Turks of the Greek millet under its Patriarch and Church helped to ensure the persistence of a separate ethnic identity, which, even if it did not produce a "precocius nationalism" among the Greeks, provided the later Greek enlighteners and nationalists with a cultural constituency fed by political dreams and apocalyptic prophecies of the recapture of Constantinople and the restoration of Greek Byzantium and its Orthodox emperor in all his glory."
- ^ Bryce 2006, p. 91
- ^ Cadogan & Langdon Caskey 1986, p. 125
- ^ Drews 1988, p. 181-182
- ^ Chadwick, John (1976). The Mycenaean world. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. pp. 1–3. ISBN 0-521-29037-6. http://books.google.com/books?id=RMj7M_tGaNMC&dq.
- ^ "'Mycenaean language". Encyclopædia Britannica. US: Encyclopædia Britannica Inc. 2008. Online Edition.
- ^ Criti, Maria; Arapopoulou, Maria (2007). A History of Ancient Greek: From the Beginnings to Late Antiquity. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. pp. 417–420. ISBN 0-521-83307-8.
- ^ Hall, Jonathan M. (2007). A History of the Archaic Greek World, ca. 1200-479 BCE. Wiley-Blackwell. p. 43. ISBN 0-631-22667-2.
- ^ Chadwick John. (1976).The Mycenean world.Cambridge Univ.Press .p 178 ISBN 0-521-21077-1
- ^ Podzuweit, Christian; B. Hänsel (1982). Die mykenische Welt und Troja. Germany: Moreland. pp. 65–88.
- ^ Dietrich, Bernard Clive (1974). The origins of Greek religion. Walter de Gruyter. p. 156. ISBN 3-11-003982-6.
- ^ "Aegean civilizations, Religion". Encyclopædia Britannica. United States: Encyclopædia Britannica Inc.. 2008. Online Edition.
- ^ "Ancient Greek Civilization". Encyclopædia Britannica. United States: Encyclopædia Britannica Inc.. 2008. Online Edition.
- ^ Beiner, Ronald (1999). Theorizing Nationalism. SUNY Press. p. 111. ISBN 0-7914-4065-6.
- ^ Fox, Robin Lane. "Riding with Alexander". www.archaeology.org. http://www.archaeology.org/online/interviews/fox.html. Retrieved 2008-12-27. "Alexander inherited the idea of an invasion of the Persian Empire from his father Philip whose advance-force was already out in Asia in 336 BC. Philips campaign had the slogan of "freeing the Greeks" in Asia and "punishing the Persians" for their past sacrileges during their own invasion (a century and a half earlier) of Greece. No doubt, Philip wanted glory and plunder."
- ^ "Menander became the ruler of a kingdom extending along the coast of western India, including the whole of Saurashtra and the harbour Barukaccha. His territory also included Mathura, the Punjab, Gandhara and the Kabul Valley", Bussagli p101
- ^ "Alexander the Great". Columbia Encyclopedia. United States: Columbia University Press. 2008. Online Edition.
- ^ Green, Peter (2008). Alexander The Great and the Hellenistic Age. Orion Publishing Group, Limited. p. xiii. ISBN 978-0-7538-2413-9.
- ^ "Growth of the Greek Colonies in the First Millennium BC (application/pdf Object)". www.princeton.edu. http://www.princeton.edu/~pswpc/pdfs/morris/120509.pdf. Retrieved 2009-01-02.
- ^ Wood, Michael (2001). In the Footsteps of Alexander The Great: A Journey from Greece to Asia. University of California Press. p. 8. ISBN 0-520-23192-9.
- ^ a b Boardman, John; Jasper Griffin, Oswyn Murray (2001). The Oxford History of Greece and the Hellenistic World. Oxford University Press. p. 364. ISBN 0-19-280137-6.
- ^ Alexander's Gulf outpost uncovered. BBC News. August 7, 2007.
- ^ Grant, Michael (1990). The Hellenistic Greeks: From Alexander to Cleopatra. Weidenfeld & Nicolson. p. Introduction. ISBN 0-297-82057-5.
- ^ a b "Hellenistic age". Encyclopædia Britannica. United States: Encyclopædia Britannica Inc.. 2008. Online Edition.
- ^ a b c Harris, William Vernon (1989). Ancient Literacy. Harvard University Press. p. 136. ISBN 0-674-03381-7.
- ^ "Hellenistic age, Hellenistic religion". Encyclopædia Britannica. United States: Encyclopædia Britannica Inc. 2008. Online Edition.
- ^ Foltz, Richard, Religions of the Silk Road, Palgrave Macmillan, 2nd edition, 2010, p. 46 ISBN 978-0-230-62125-1
- ^ Burton, Watson (transl.) (1993). Records of the Grand Historian by Sima Qian, Han Dynasty II (Revised Edition). Columbia University Press. pp. 244–245. ISBN 0-231-08166-9.
- ^ Kaldellis, Anthony (2008). Hellenism in Byzantium The Transformations of Greek Identity and the Reception of the Classical Tradition. Cambridge University Press. pp. 35–40. ISBN 978-0-521-87688-9.
- ^ a b Thomas, Carol G.; Burstein, Stanley M. (1988). Paths from ancient Greece. Leiden: Brill. pp. 47–49. ISBN 90-04-08846-6.
- ^ a b Norwich, John Julius (1997). A Short History of Byzantium. Vintage Books. p. xxi. ISBN 0-679-77269-3.
- ^ a b "Byzantine Empire, Introduction". Encyclopædia Britannica. United States: Encyclopædia Britannica Inc. 2008. Online Edition.
- ^ a b Haldon, John (1997). Byzantium in the Seventh Century: the Transformation of a Culture. Cambridge. p. 50. ISBN 0-521-31917-X.
- ^ Shahid, Irfan (1972). "The Iranian Factor in Byzantium during the Reign of Heraclius". Dumbarton Oaks Papers (Dumbarton Oaks, Trustees for Harvard University) 26: 295–296, 305. DOI:10.2307/1291324. JSTOR 1291324.
- ^ Royal Historical Society (2001). Transactions of the Royal Historical Society: Sixth Series. Cambridge University Press. p. 75. ISBN 0-521-79352-1.
- ^ Harris, Michael H. (1995). "II Medieval Libraries 6 Muslim and Byzantine Libraries". History of Libraries in the Western World. Scarecrow Press Incorporated. ISBN 0-8108-3724-2.
- ^ a b "Renaissance". Encyclopædia Britannica. United States: Encyclopædia Britannica Inc.. 2008. Online Edition.
- ^ Robins, Robert Henry (1993). The Byzantine Grammarians: Their Place in History. Walter de Gruyter. p. 8. ISBN 3-11-013574-4.
- ^ "Aristotelian Philosophy". Encyclopædia Britannica. United States: Encyclopædia Britannica Inc.. 2008. Online Edition.
- ^ "Cyril and Methodius Saints". The Columbia Encyclopedia. United States: Columbia University Press. 2001–2007. Online Edition.
- ^ "History of Europe, The Romans". Encyclopædia Britannica. United States: Encyclopædia Britannica Inc.. 2008. Online Edition.
- ^ Mavrocordatos, Nicholaos (1800). Philotheou Parerga. Grēgorios Kōnstantas: Para tō Phrantz Antōniō Schraimvl (original from Harvard University Library).
- ^ "Phanariotes". Encyclopædia Britannica. United States: Encyclopædia Britannica Inc.. 2008. Online Edition.
- ^ "Text of the 1822 Epidaurus Constitution (in German)". 1822. Archived from the original on 2007-09-26. http://web.archive.org/web/20070926221226/http://www.verfassungen.de/griech/verf22.htm. Retrieved 20 December 2008.
- ^ Bruce, Clark (2006). Twice A Stranger: How Mass Expulsion Forged Modern Greece and Turkey. Granta. ISBN 1-86207-752-5.
- ^ ed. by Renée Hirschon. (2003). Crossing the Aegean: The Consequences of the 1923 Greek-Turkish Population Exchange (Studies in Forced Migration). Providence: Berghahn Books. p. 29. ISBN 1-57181-562-7.
- ^ Sofos, Spyros A.; Özkırımlı, Umut (2008). Tormented by History: Nationalism in Greece and Turkey. C Hurst & Co Publishers Ltd. pp. 116–117. ISBN 1-85065-899-4.
- ^ Hershlag, Zvi Yehuda (1997). Introduction to the Modern Economic History of the Middle East. Brill Academic Pub. p. 177. ISBN 90-04-06061-8.
- ^ Üngör, Uğur Ümit (March 2008). "On Young Turk social engineering in Eastern Turkey from 1913 to 1950". Journal of Genocide Research 10 (1): 15–39. DOI:10.1080/14623520701850278. 10.1080/14623520701850278.
- ^ "Έλληνες = Ρωμιοί + Αrmâni + Arbëresh". Mackridge, Peter. Ευρωπαϊκή Εταιρεία Νεοελληνικών Σπουδών Γ΄ συνέδριο της Ευρωπαϊκής Εταιρείας Νεοελληνικών Σπουδών (in Greek). http://www.eens-congress.eu/?main__page=1&main__lang=de&eensCongress_cmd=showPaper&eensCongress_id=86. Retrieved 19 December 2008.
- ^ Mazower (ed.)., M. (2000). After The War Was Over: Reconstructing the Family, Nation and State in Greece, 1943-1960. Princeton University Press. p. 23. ISBN 0-691-05842-3.
- ^ "When nettles go ungrasped". The Economist. 11 December 2008. http://www.economist.com/opinion/displaystory.cfm?story_id=12773095. Retrieved 19 December 2008.
- ^ Broome, Benjamin J. (1996). Exploring the Greek Mosaic: A Guide to Intercultural Communication in Greece (The Interact Series). Yarmouth, Me: Intercultural Press. pp. 22–25. ISBN 1-877864-39-0.
- ^ Adrados, Francisco Rodríguez (2005). A History of the Greek Language: From Its Origins to the Present. BRILL. p. xii. ISBN 90-04-12835-2.
- ^ Mango, Cyril (2002). The Oxford History of Byzantium. Oxford University Press. p. 5. ISBN 0-19-814098-3.
- ^ Sfrantzes, George (1477). The Chronicle of the Fall.
- ^ Feraios, Rigas. "New Political Constitution of the Inhabitants of Rumeli, Asia Minor, the Islands of the Aegean, and the Principalities of Moldavia and Wallachia".
- ^ Elizabeth Tonkin, Malcolm Kenneth Chapman, Maryon McDonald. History and Ethnicity. Taylor & Francis, 1989, ISBN 0-415-00056-4.
- ^ Patterson, Cynthia (2001). The Family in Greek History. Cambridge: Harvard University Press. pp. 18–19. ISBN 0-674-00568-6.
- ^ Michael Psellus (1994). Michaelis Pselli Orationes panegyricae. Stuttgart/Leipzig: Walter de Gruyter. p. 33. ISBN 0-297-82057-5.
- ^ Iliad 2.681–685
- ^ The Parian marble. Entry No 6: "From when Hellen (Ἕλλην) [son of] Deuc[alion] became king of [Phthi]otis and those previously called Graekoi were named Hellenes";The Parian Marble: Translation at the Ashmolean
- ^ Bibliotheca
- ^ "The deluge in the time of Deucalion, for instance took place chiefly in the Greek world and in it especially about ancient Hellas, the country about Dodona and the Achelous"; Aristotle, Meteorologica I 352,b (http://classics.mit.edu/Aristotle/meteorology.1.i.html Book 1 Part 14]).
- ^ Homer, Iliad 16.233–35: "King Zeus, lord of Dodona, ... you who hold wintry Dodona in your sway, where your prophets the Selloi dwell around you."
- ^ Beekes entry 6701: Selloi.Greek Etymological Dictionary
- ^ Compare PIE *s(e)wol: Gk. helios, Latin sol, Sanskrit suryah, English sun. Online Etymology Dictionary.[2]
- ^ Aeschines ii.On the embassy 115. Pausanias 8.2–5
- ^ Hesiod, Catalogue of Women fr. 5.
- ^ Online Etymology Dictionary.[3]
- ^ Online Etymology Dictionary
- ^ Graeae (plural of Graea): "The old ones" or "The gray ones".
- ^ Beekes. Greek etymological dictionary entry 1531
- ^ Derived from Ogenos,Okeanos (Ocean),the great river that was believed to encircle the earth.
- ^ Caskey,John.L (1960):The early Helladic period in Argolis. Hesperia 29 (3).285--303
- ^ Henry George Lidell, Robert Scott. A Greek English Lexicon
- ^ Homer. Iliad II 574,575
- ^ Herodotus VII 94,VIII 73.Pausanias VII,1.
- ^ W. Ridgeway, L. Myres.Classical review. vol xvi 1902, p.68,93,135 Classic-Encyclopedia
- ^ K.J.Beloch.Griechische Geschichte.1:I p, 92 p 88,n I
- ^ Eduard Meyer.Geschichte des Altertums.112,I(1928) p 251
- ^ W.K.Prentice.The Achaeans. American Journal of Archeology 33.2 April 1929 p. 206
- ^ Jack Martin Balcer and John Matthew.Exploring the European past. p 72-73 Mycenean society and its collapse
- ^ Robert Drews.The end of the bronze age.Princeton university Press.1993 p.49
- ^ Online Etymology Dictionary
- ^ Julius Pokorny.Indogermanisches Etymologisches Woerterbuch. Entry 313
- ^ [[Medinet Habu (temple)|]] inscription of Ramesses III's 8th year lines 16-17. transl. by John A. Wilson in Pritcard, J.B. (ed.) Ancient Near East texts relating to the Old Testament, 3rd edition, Princeton 1969. p 262 "They made a conspiracy in their islands... Peleset, Tjeker, Shekelesh, Denyen and Weshesh."
- ^ Jack Martin Balcer and John Matthew. Exploring the European past. p 72-74 Mycenean society and its collapse.
- ^ Amarna letters-localities and their rulers.EA 151
- ^ Julius Pokorny.Indogermanisches Etymologisces Woerterbuch. Entry 313 ISBN 0-8288-6602-3
- ^ Beekes.Greek etymological dictionary entry 6541
- ^ a b c d Adrados, Francisco Rodríguez (2005). A History of the Greek Language: From Its Origins to the Present. BRILL. pp. xii, 3–5. ISBN 90-04-12835-2.
- ^ Browning, Robert (1983). Medieval and Modern Greek. Cambridge University Press. p. vii. ISBN 0-521-23488-3. "The Homeric poems were first written down in more or less their present form in the seventh century B.C. Since then Greek has enjoyed a continuous tradition down to the present day. Change there has certainly been. But there has been no break like that between Latin and Romance languages. Ancient Greek is not a foreign language to the Greek of today as Anglo-Saxon is to the modern Englishman. The only other language which enjoys comparable continuity of tradition is Chinese."
- ^ a b c d e Smith, Anthony Robert (1991). National identity. Reno: University of Nevada Press. pp. 29–32. ISBN 0-87417-204-7.
- ^ Benjamin, Isaac (2004). The Invention of Racism in Classical Antiquity. Princeton University Press. p. 504. ISBN 0-691-12598-8. "Autochthony, being an Athenian idea and represented in many Athenian texts, is likely to have influenced a broad public of readers, wherever Greek literature was read."
- ^ Comnena, Anna. Alexiad. p. Books 1–15.
- ^ 2001 "Census data" (in Greek). Census. www.statistics.gr. 2001. http://www.statistics.gr/gr_tables/S1101_SAP_09_TB_DC_01_10_Y.pdf 2001. Retrieved 2009-01-07. [dead link]
- ^ "CIA Factbook". US Government. 2007. https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/gr.html#People. Retrieved 19 December 2008.
- ^ 2001 "Census". http://www.pio.gov.cy/mof/cystat/statistics.nsf/All/805CB6E0CF012914C2257122003F3A84/$file/MAIN%20RESULTS-EN.xls?OpenElement 2001. Retrieved 19 December 2008.
- ^ a b "Greece, Demography". Encyclopædia Britannica. United States: Encyclopædia Britannica Inc.. 2008. Online Edition.
- ^ a b c "Merchant Marine, Tertiary enrollment by age group". Pocket World in Figures (Economist). London: Economist Books. 2006. p. 150. ISBN 1-86197-825-1.
- ^ a b c "Cyprus Demographic trends". Encyclopædia Britannica. United States: Encyclopædia Britannica Inc.. 2008. Online Edition.
- ^ Welz, Gisela (2006). Divided Cyprus: Modernity, History, and an Island in Conflict. Indiana University Press. p. 2. ISBN 0-253-21851-9.
- ^ Linos-Alexandre Sicilianos (2001). The Prevention of Human Rights Violations (International Studies in Human Rights). Berlin: Springer. p. 24. ISBN 90-411-1672-9.
- ^ Borowiec, Andrew (2000). Cyprus: a troubled island. New York: Praeger. p. 2. ISBN 0-275-96533-3.
- ^ Rezun, Miron (2001). Europe's nightmare: the struggle for Kosovo. New York: Praeger. p. 6. ISBN 0-275-97072-8.
- ^ Brown, Neville (2004). Global instability and strategic defence. New York: Routledge. p. 48. ISBN 0-415-30413-X.
- ^ "Official site of Trentino-Alto Adige/Südtirol-Report of the minorities in Albania". Trentino-Alto Adige/Südtirol. http://www.regione.taa.it/biblioteca/minoranze/Albania_d.aspx.
- ^ Gilson, George (24 June 2005). "Destroying a minority: Turkey's attack on the Greeks". Athens News. http://www.athensnews.gr/athweb/nathens.print_unique?e=C&f=13136&m=A10&aa=1&eidos=S. Retrieved 19 December 2008.
- ^ Vryonis, Speros Jr. (2005). The Mechanism of Catastrophe: The Turkish Pogrom of September 6–7, 1955, and the Destruction of the Greek Community of Istanbul. New York: Greekworks. pp. 1–10. ISBN 978-0-9747660-3-4.
- ^ Birand, Mehmet Ali (7 September 2005). "The shame of Sept. 6-7 is always with us". Hurriyet. http://arama.hurriyet.com.tr/arsivnews.aspx?id=-559132. Retrieved 19 December 2008.
- ^ a b Prevelakis, George. "prevelakis.PDF (application/pdf Object)" (PDF). www.transcomm.ox.ac.uk. http://www.transcomm.ox.ac.uk/working%20papers/prevelakis.PDF. Retrieved 2008-12-27.
- ^ "Speech by Vasilis Magdalinos". SAE. 29 December 2006. http://www.sae.gr/?id=12566&tag=%CE%95%CE%B9%CF%83%CE%AE%CE%B3%CE%B7%CF%83%CE%B7%20%CE%92%CE%B1%CF%83%CE%AF%CE%BB%CE%B7%20%CE%9C%CE%B1%CE%B3%CE%B4%CE%B1%CE%BB%CE%B7%CE%BD%CE%BF%CF%8D. Retrieved 19 December 2008.
- ^ "Finis Greciae or the Return of the Greeks? State and Diaspora in the Context of Globalisation" (PDF). George Prevelakis. Oxford University. http://www.transcomm.ox.ac.uk/working%20papers/prevelakis.PDF. Retrieved 27 December 2008.
- ^ "Meeting on the exercise of voting rights by foreigners of Greek origin". 15 July 2008. http://www.mfa.gr/www.mfa.gr/Articles/en-US/15072008_SB1306.htm. Retrieved 19 December 2008. [dead link]
- ^ a b Boardman, John (1984). The Cambridge Ancient History: Plates to Volume III : the Middle East, the Greek World and the Balkans to the Sixth Century B.C.. Cambridge University Press. pp. 136, 276–278. ISBN 0-521-24289-4.
- ^ Horden, Peregrine; Peregrine and Purcell, Nicholas (2000). The Corrupting Sea: A Study of Mediterranean History. Blackwell Publishing. p. 111,128. ISBN 0-631-21890-4.
- ^ Calotychos, Vangelis (2003). Modern Greece: A Cultural Poetics. Berg Publishers. p. 16. ISBN 1-85973-716-1.
- ^ a b Baghdiantz McCabe, Ina; Gelina Harlaftis, Iōanna Pepelasē Minoglou (2000). Diaspora Entrepreneurial Networks: Four Centuries of History. Macmillan. p. 147. ISBN 0-333-60047-9.
- ^ a b Kardasis, Vassilis (2001). Diaspora Merchants in the Black Sea: The Greeks in Southern Russia, 1775-1861. Lexington Books. pp. xvii-xxi. ISBN 0-7391-0245-1.
- ^ Clogg, Richard (2000). "The Greeks in America". The Greek diaspora in the twentieth century. Macmillan. ISBN 0-333-60047-9.
- ^ Encyclopedia of Diasporas: Immigrant and Refugee Cultures Around the World. Volume II: Diaspora Communities. Springer. 2004. pp. 85–92. ISBN 0-306-48321-1.
- ^ "As Crisis Deepens, Astoria Finds Its Greek Essence Again". 11 April 2012. http://usa.greekreporter.com/2012/04/11/as-crisis-deepens-astoria-finds-its-greek-essence-again/. Retrieved April 14 2012.
- ^ "Greece's Youth in Crisis". 22 November 2011. http://www.thedailybeast.com/articles/2011/11/21/greece-s-youth-in-crisis.html. Retrieved April 14 2012.
- ^ "Greece's Young and Bright Flee Crisis and Corruption". CNBC. 1 May 2012. http://www.cnbc.com/id/47228987/. Retrieved May 1 2012.
- ^ "Young Greeks See Emigration as Only Answer to Crisis, Poll Shows". Bloomberg. 26 April 2012. http://www.bloomberg.com/news/2012-04-26/young-greeks-see-emigration-as-only-answer-to-crisis-poll-shows.html. Retrieved May 6 2012.
- ^ "Greece Already Close to Breaking Point". The Fiscal Times. 20 May 2012. http://www.thefiscaltimes.com/Articles/2012/05/20/Greece-Already-Close-to-Breaking-Point.aspx#page1. Retrieved May 22 2012.
- ^ a b van der Horst, Pieter Willem (1998). Hellenism, Judaism, Christianity: Essays on Their Interaction. Peeters Publishers. pp. 9–11. ISBN 90-429-0578-6.
- ^ a b Voegelin, Eric; Ellis Sandoz, Athanasios Moulakis (1997). History of Political Ideas: Hellenism, Rome, and Early Christianity. University of Missouri Press. pp. 175–179. ISBN 0-8262-1126-7.
- ^ IAGS Official Website, International Genocide Scholars Association Officially Recognizes Assyrian, Greek Genocides, Retrieved on 2007-12-15.
- ^ "The 1914 cleansing of Aegean Greeks as a case of violent Turkification". Journal of Genocide Research 10 (1): 41–58. February 2008. DOI:10.1080/14623520701850286.
- ^ Zimmerer, Jürgen, Schaller, Dominik J; Zimmerer, Jurgen (2008). "Late Ottoman genocides: the dissolution of the Ottoman Empire and Young Turkish population and extermination policies - introduction". Journal of Genocide Research 10 (1): 7. DOI:10.1080/14623520801950820.
- ^ Levene, Mark (1998). "Creating a Modern "Zone of Genocide": The Impact of Nation- and State-Formation on Eastern Anatolia, 1878–1923". Holocaust and Genocide Studies 12 (3): 393. DOI:10.1093/hgs/12.3.393.
- ^ Cohn Jatz, Colin Tatz (2003). With Intent to Destroy: Reflections on Genocide. Essex: Verso. ISBN 1-85984-550-9. http://books.google.com/?id=khCffgX1NPIC&pg=PR13&lpg=PR13&vq=.
- ^ "Greek literature". Encyclopædia Britannica. United States: Encyclopædia Britannica Inc.. 2008. Online Edition.
- ^ Winford, Donald (2003). An Introduction to Contact Linguistics. Blackwell Publishing. p. 71. ISBN 0-631-21251-5.
- ^ Sarafis, Marion; Martin Eve (1990). Background to Contemporary Greece. Rowman & Littlefield. p. 25. ISBN 0-85036-393-4.
- ^ Tomic, Olga Miseska (2006). Balkan Sprachbund Morpho-Syntactic Features. Springer. p. 703. ISBN 1-4020-4487-9.
- ^ Fasold, Ralph W. (1984). The Sociolinguistics of Society. Blackwell Publishing. p. 160. ISBN 0-631-13462-X.
- ^ "Greece under Ottoman rule, The role of the Orthodox church". Encyclopædia Britannica. United States: Encyclopædia Britannica Inc.. 2008. Online Edition.
- ^ "Greek-Speaking Enclaves of Lebanon and Syria" (PDF). Proceedings:II Simposio Internacional Bilingüismo. Roula Tsokalidou. http://webs.uvigo.es/ssl/actas2002/05/08.%20Roula%20Tsokalidou.pdf. Retrieved 19 December 2008.
- ^ Head, James (20 March 2007). "The ancient gods of Greece are not extinct". The New Statesman: p. The Faith Column. http://www.newstatesman.com/blogs/the-faith-column/2007/03/ancient-greek-gods-greece. Retrieved 19 December 2008.
- ^ de Quetteville, Harry (8 May 2004). "Modern Athenians fight for the right to worship the ancient Greek gods". The Telegraph (London). http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/europe/greece/1461311/Modern-Athenians-fight-for-the-right-to-worship-the-ancient-Greek-gods.html. Retrieved 19 December 2008.
- ^ "Freedom of Religion in Greece". International Religious Freedom Report. United States Department of State. 2006. http://www.state.gov/g/drl/rls/irf/2006/71383.htm. Retrieved 19 December 2008.
- ^ a b Osborne, Robin (1998). Archaic and classical Greek art. Oxford [Oxfordshire]: Oxford University Press. pp. 1–3. ISBN 0-19-284202-1.
- ^ Pollitt, J. J. (1972). Art and experience in classical Greece. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press. pp. xii-xv. ISBN 0-521-09662-6.
- ^ Puri, Baij Nath (1987). Buddhism in central Asia. Delhi: Motilal Banarsidass. pp. 28–29. ISBN 81-208-0372-8.
- ^ a b Mango, Cyril A. (1986). The Art of the Byzantine Empire, 312-1453: sources and documents. Toronto: University of Toronto Press. pp. ix-xiv, 183. ISBN 0-8020-6627-5.
- ^ "The Byzantine Empire, The lasting glory of its art". The Economist. 4 October 2007. http://www.economist.com/books/displaystory.cfm?story_id=9900058. Retrieved 19 December 2008.
- ^ Bigelow Tarbell, Frank (2008). A History of Greek Art. BiblioBazaar, LLC. p. 27. ISBN 0-554-28379-4.
- ^ "Byzantine Medicine — Vienna Dioscurides". Antiqua Medicina. University of Virginia. http://historymedren.about.com/gi/dynamic/offsite.htm?zi=1/XJ/Ya&sdn=historymedren&cdn=education&tm=7&f=00&tt=14&bt=0&bts=0&zu=http%3A//www.med.virginia.edu/hs-library/historical/antiqua/texte.htm. Retrieved 2007-05-27.
- ^ a b "Jerome Bump, University of Constantinople". The Origin of Universities. University of Texas at Austin. http://www.cwrl.utexas.edu/~bump/OriginUniversities.html. Retrieved 19 December 2008.
- ^ Tatakes, Vasileios N.; Moutafakis, Nicholas J. (2003). Byzantine Philosophy. Hackett Publishing. p. 189. ISBN 0-87220-563-0.
- ^ "University reforms in Greece face student protests". The Economist. 6 July 2006. http://www.economist.com/world/europe/displaystory.cfm?story_id=E1_STQTVNJ. Retrieved 19 December 2008.
- ^ Hinde, Robert A.; Helen Watson (1995). War, a Cruel Necessity?: The Bases of Institutionalized Violence. I.B.Tauris. p. 55. ISBN 1-85043-824-2.
- ^ "The Flag". Law 851, Gov. Gazette 233, issue A, dated 21/22.12.1978. Presidency of the Hellenic Republic. Archived from the original on 15 October 2008. http://web.archive.org/web/20081015001727/http://www.presidency.gr/en/shmaia.htm. Retrieved 19 December 2008.
- ^ "Older Flags=19 December 2008". Flags of the Greeks (contains an image of the 1665 original for the current Greek flag). Skafidas Zacharias. http://users.att.sch.gr/zskafid/simea5a.htm.
- ^ Grierson, Philip; Bellinger, Alfred Raymond; Hendy, Michael F. (1992). Catalogue of the Byzantine coins in the Dumbarton Oaks Collection and in the Whittemore Collection. Washington, DC: Dumbarton Oaks Research Library and Collection. p. 66. ISBN 0-88402-261-7.
- ^ "Byzantine Flags". Byzantine Heraldry. François Velde. 1997. http://www.heraldica.org/topics/national/byzantin.htm. Retrieved 19 December 2008.
- ^ Wickham, Chris (2005). Framing the early Middle Ages: Europe and the Mediterranean 400-800. Oxford [Oxfordshire]: Oxford University Press. p. 237. ISBN 0-19-926449-X.
- ^ Chuang, Rueyling; Fong, Mary (2004). Communicating ethnic and cultural identity. Lanham, Md: Rowman & Littlefield Publishers. p. 39. ISBN 0-7425-1738-1.
- ^ Kenyon, Sherrilyn (2005). The Writer's Digest Character Naming Sourcebook. Cincinnati: Writer's Digest Books. p. 155. ISBN 1-58297-295-8.
- ^ Hart, Anne (2004). Search Your Middle Eastern And European Genealogy: In The Former Ottoman Empire's Records And Online. ASJA Press. p. 123. ISBN 0-595-31811-8.
- ^ "Main page". Database of Greek surnames. Dimitrios J.. http://www.dimitri.8m.com/surnames.html. Retrieved 19 December 2008.
- ^ Koliopoulos, Giannes (1987). Brigands with a cause: brigandage and irredentism in modern Greece, 1821-1912. Oxford [Eng.]: Clarendon. pp. xii. ISBN 0-19-822863-5.
- ^ "The Transition of Modern Greek Names". Lexicon of Greek Personal Names. Oxford University. http://www.lgpn.ox.ac.uk/names/modern.html. Retrieved 19 December 2008.
- ^ Plato. Phaidon. p. 109c. "ὥσπερ περὶ τέλμα μύρμηκας ἢ βατράχους περὶ τὴν θάλατταν οἰκοῦντας"
- ^ Casson, Lionel (1991). The Ancient Mariners: Seafarers and Sea Fighters of the Mediterranean in Ancient Times. Princeton, N.J: Princeton University Press. p. 124. ISBN 0-691-01477-9.
- ^ Hubert, Henri (1985). Rise of the Celts. Biblo-Moser. ISBN 0-8196-0183-7.
- ^ Winstedt, Eric Otto (2008). The Christian Topography Of Cosmas Indicopleustes. Forbes Press. pp. 1–3. ISBN 1-4097-9996-4.
- ^ Withey, Lynne (1989). Voyages of Discovery: Captain Cook and the Exploration of the Pacific. Berkeley: University of California Press. p. 42. ISBN 0-520-06564-6.
- ^ Holmes, George (2001). The Oxford history of medieval Europe. Oxford [Oxfordshire]: Oxford University Press. pp. 30–32. ISBN 0-19-280133-3.
- ^ Postan, Cynthia; Miller, Edward (1966). The Cambridge economic history of Europe. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press. pp. 132–166. ISBN 0-521-08709-0.
- ^ Blyth, Myrna (12 August 2004). "Greek Tragedy, The life of Aristotle Onassis". National Review Online. http://article.nationalreview.com/?q=NDRjYzJhMWI5ZjE3ZmNmOWQ0YWEyNjBkYmI1MjhiODI=. Retrieved 19 December 2008.
- ^ Smith, Helena (6 October 2006). "Callas takes centre stage again as exhibition recalls Onassis's life". The Guardian (London). http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/2006/oct/06/arts.artsnews. Retrieved 19 December 2008.
- ^ "The sea in Greek tradition". Eleuthero Vima. 20 March 2003. http://www.eleftherovima.gr/cgi-bin/news/viewnews.cgi?newsid1048170154,681. Retrieved 19 December 2008.
- ^ R. J. Rummel. "Statistics of Democide". Chapter 5, Statistics Of Turkey's Democide Estimates, Calculations, And Sources. http://www.hawaii.edu/powerkills/SOD.CHAP5.HTM. Retrieved 2006-10-04.
- ^ Bryce 2006, p. 92
- ^ Drews 1994, p. 21
- ^ Mallory & Adams 1997, p. 243
References[link]
- Encyclopædia Britannica. United States: Encyclopædia Britannica Inc.. 2008. Online Edition.
- The Columbia Encyclopedia. United States: Columbia University Press.. 2008. Online Edition.
- Pocket World in Figures (Economist). London: Economist Books. 2006. ISBN 1-86197-825-1.
- Bryce, Trevor (2006). The Trojans and their neighbours. Taylor and Francis. ISBN 0-415-34955-9. http://books.google.com/?id=5YV6hwUmTpYC&dq. Retrieved 2009-08-23.
- Cadogan, Gerald; Langdon Caskey, John (1986). The End of the Early Bronze Age in the Aegean. Boston: Brill Academic Publishers. ISBN 90-04-07309-4. http://books.google.com/?id=jDrKSZ6zVPUC&dq.
- Drews, Robert (1994). The coming of the Greeks: Indo-European conquests in the Aegean and the Near East. Princeton, N.J: Princeton University Press. ISBN 0-691-02951-2. http://books.google.com/?id=fcVIcaJxgdUC&dq.
- Griffin, Jasper; Boardman, John; Murray, Oswyn (2001). The Oxford history of Greece and the Hellenistic world. Oxford [Oxfordshire]: Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-280137-6.
- Kaldellis, Anthony (2008). Hellenism in Byzantium: The Transformations of Greek Identity and the Reception of the Classical Tradition (Greek Culture in the Roman World). Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-521-87688-5.
- Mallory, James; Adams, Douglas (1997). Encyclopedia of Indo-European Culture. New York: Routledge. ISBN 1-884964-98-2. http://books.google.com/?id=tzU3RIV2BWIC&dq.
- Mango, Cyril A. (2002). The Oxford history of Byzantium. Oxford [Oxfordshire]: Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-814098-3.
- Mazower, Mark (2002). The Balkans : A Short History. New York: Modern Library. ISBN 0-8129-6621-X.
- Norwich, John Julius (1998). A Short History of Byzantium. London: Vintage. ISBN 0-679-77269-3.
- Roberts, J.M. (2007). The New Penguin History of the World. Penguin (Non-Classics). ISBN 0-14-103042-9.
- Smith, Anthony Robert (1991). National identity. Reno: University of Nevada Press. ISBN 0-87417-204-7.
- Sofos, Spyros A.; Özkırımlı, Umut (2008). Tormented by History: Nationalism in Greece and Turkey. C Hurst & Co Publishers Ltd. ISBN 1-85065-899-4.
- Veremis, Thanos; Koliopoulos, John S. (2007). Greece: The Modern Sequel. C Hurst & Co Publishers Ltd. ISBN 1-85065-463-8.
Further reading[link]
|
|
External links[link]
| Find more about Greeks on Wikipedia's sister projects: | |
 |
Definitions and translations from Wiktionary |
 |
Images and media from Commons |
 |
Learning resources from Wikiversity |
 |
News stories from Wikinews |
 |
Quotations from Wikiquote |
 |
Source texts from Wikisource |
 |
Textbooks from Wikibooks |
Omogenia
- World Council of Hellenes Abroad (SAE), Umbrella Diaspora Organization
Religious
- Ecumenical Patriarchate of Constantinople
- Greek Orthodox Patriarchate of Alexandria
- Church of Greece
Academic
- Transnational Communities Programme at the University of Oxford, includes papers on the Greek Diaspora
- Greeks on Greekness: The Construction and Uses of the Greek Past among Greeks under the Roman Empire.
- The Modern Greek Studies Association is a scholarly organization for modern Greek studies in North America, which publishes the Journal of Modern Greek Studies.
- The Got Greek? Next Generation National Research Study is an academic study of young diaspora Greeks sponsored by The Next Generation Initiative
- Waterloo Institute for Hellenistic Studies
Trade organizations
- Hellenic Canadian Board of Trade
- Hellenic Canadian Lawyers Association
- Hellenic Canadian Congress of British Columbia
- Hellenic-American Chamber of Commerce
- Hellenic-Argentine Chamber of Industry and Commerce (C.I.C.H.A.)
- Charitable organizations
- AHEPA home page - American Hellenic Educational Progressive Association
- Hellenic Heritage Foundation
- Hellenic Home for the Aged
- Hellenic Hope Center - supports people with disabilities
- Hellenic Scholarships
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||
http://wn.com/Greeks
Related pages:
http://it.wn.com/Greci
http://cs.wn.com/Řekové
http://id.wn.com/Bangsa Yunani
http://ru.wn.com/Греки
http://nl.wn.com/Grieken
http://pt.wn.com/Gregos
http://pl.wn.com/Grecy
http://fr.wn.com/Grecs
http://de.wn.com/Griechen
This page contains text from Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greeks
This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, which means that you can copy and modify it as long as the entire work (including additions) remains under this license.
This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, which means that you can copy and modify it as long as the entire work (including additions) remains under this license.
| Part of a series on |
| Greeks |
|---|
|
| By region or country |
| Greece · Cyprus · Albania Italy · Turkey Greek diaspora |
| Subgroups |
| Antiochians · Arvanites/Souliotes Cypriots · Grecanici Karamanlides · Macedonians Maniots · Northern Epirotes Phanariotes · Pontians Romaniotes · Sarakatsani Sfakians · Slavophones Tsakonians · Urums |
| Greek culture |
| Art · Cinema · Cuisine Dance · Dress · Education Flag · Language · Literature Music · Philosophy · Politics Religion · Sport · Television |
| Religion |
| Greek Orthodox Church Greek Roman Catholicism Greek Byzantine Catholicism Greek Evangelicalism Judaism · Islam · Neopaganism |
| Languages and dialects |
| Greek Calabrian Greek Cappadocian Greek Cretan Greek · Griko Cypriot Greek Cheimarriotika · Maniot Greek Pontic Greek · Tsakonian Yevanic · Arvanitika Karamanlidika · Slavika Urum |
| History of Greece |
This is a list of notable Greeks.
Actors/actresses[link]
Ancient period[link]
Modern period[link]
- Criss Angel
- Jennifer Aniston (of Greek descent)
- Hank Azaria
- Yannis Bezos
- Dennis Boutsikaris
- Gabrielle Carteris
- George Chakiris[1]
- Michael Chiklis[2]
- Jean Constantin
- Cybele
- Georges Corraface
- Jacques Damala
- Rika Diallina
- Lavrentis Dianellos
- Olympia Dukakis[3]
- Alberto Eskenazy
- Tina Fey[4]
- Mimis Fotopoulos
- Zach Galifianakis
- Angie Harmon[5]
- Marilu Henner
- Constantinos Hilas
- Dimitris Horn
- Melina Kanakaredes[6]
- Maria Kanellis
- Tzeni Karezi
- Vasilis Karras
- Elias Koteas
- Giorgos Konstadinou
- Lambros Konstantaras
- Nikos Kourkoulos
- Ellie Lambeti
- Marilita Lambropoulou
- Zoe Laskari
- Lakis Lazopoulos
- Thanos Leivaditis
- Stelios Mainas
- Demetri Martin[7]
- Melina Mercouri
- Maria Menounos[8]
- Panos Mihalopoulos
- Alexis Minotis
- Sotiris Moustakas
- Sapfo Notara
- Anna-Maria Papaharalambous
- Dimitris Papamichael
- Tatiana Papamoschou
- Keti Papanika
- Irene Papas
- Katina Paxinou
- Elizabeth Perkins
- Dimitris Poulikakos
- Sakis Rouvas
- Chris Sarandon[9]
- Telly Savalas
- Amy Sedaris[10]
- Nikos Sergianopoulos
- Marina Sirtis[11]
- Kostas Sommer
- John Stamos[12]
- Mena Suvari[13]
- Corinna Tsopei
- Stratos Tzortzoglou
- Nia Vardalos
- Sofia Milos
- Thanassis Veggos
- Rena Vlahopoulou
- Aliki Vougiouklaki
- Andréas Voutsinas
- Rita Wilson[14]
- Nikos Xanthopoulos
- Billy Zane[15]
- Lisa Zane[16]
- Voula Zouboulaki
Adventurers[link]
- Constantine Phaulkon (1648–1688), first counsellor of King Narai of Siam
Athletes & sports figures[link]
Ancient period[link]
- Alexander I of Macedon – runner and Olympic winner
- Astylos of Croton
- Chionis of Sparta
- Cynisca
- Dioxippus pankration
- Hydna swimmer and diver
- Kleitomachos pankration
- Leonidas of Rhodes ancient runner and Olympic winner
- Milo of Croton pankration
- Troilus of Elis
- Diagoras of Rhodes
Modern period[link]
- Braith Anasta rugby league player
- Aristotle George (Harry) Agganis baseball and American football player
- Nikolaos Aggelakis football player
- Aristidis Akratopoulos tennis player
- Konstantinos Akratopoulos tennis player
- Nikos Alefantos football player and manager
- Alexandros Alexiades football player
- Minas Alozidis hurdler
- Fragiskos Alvertis basketball player
- Ioannis Amanatidis football player
- Yannis Anastasiou football player
- Andreas Anastasopoulos shot putter
- Nikos Anastopoulos football player and manager
- Georgios Anatolakis football player
- Anastasios Andreou sprinter/hurdler
- Joannis Andreou swimmer
- Nikolaos Andriakopoulos gymnast
- Eleni Andriola gymnast
- Peter Angelos, owner of the Baltimore Orioles baseball team
- Georgios Anninos swimmer
- Antelothanasis shooter
- Georgios Aspiotis cyclist
- Sotirios Athanasopoulos gymnast
- Theodoros Baev volleyball player
- Marcos Baghdatis tennis player
- Níki Bakogiánni high jumper
- Georgios Balakakis fencer
- Hristos Banikas chess player
- Kostas Bantas football player
- Nikos Barlos basketball player
- Angelos Basinas football player
- Batista wrestler
- Spiridon Belokas marathoner
- Thomas Bimis diver
- Christos Bourbos football player
- Yiannis Bourousis basketball player
- Nikos Boutzikos football player
- Al Campanis, baseball player, later an executive with the Los Angeles Dodgers
- Konstantinos Chalkias football player
- Angelos Charisteas football player
- Spiridon Chasapis swimmer
- Chris Chelios, hockey player
- Dionisis Chiotis football player
- Efstathios Chorophas swimmer
- Lampros Choutos football player
- Fanis Christodoulou basketball player
- Anton Christoforidis boxer
- Stephanos Christopoulos wrestler
- Constantine II former King of Greece, 1960 Olympic champion in sailing (Dragon class)
- Peter Costa poker player
- Bob Costas television sportscaster
- Ioannis Chrysafis gymnast
- Nikos Dabizas football player
- Evangelos Damaskos pole vaulter
- Nick "the Greek" Dandolos, gambler
- Eleni Daniilidou tennis player
- Filipos Darlas football player
- Michael Diamond (sport shooter), Australian Olympic sport shooter
- Dimitrios Deligiannis marathoner
- Traianos Dellas football player
- Hrysopiyí Devetzí triple jumper and long jumper
- Themistoklis Diakidis high jumper
- Dimitris Diamantidis basketball player
- Georgios Diamantis shooter
- Dimosthenis Dikoudis basketball player
- Pyrros Dimas three-time Olympic champion weightlifter
- Stefanos Dimitrios middle-distance runner
- Zoi Dimoschaki swimmer
- Mimis Domazos football player
- Giorgos Donis football player
- Dimitrios Drivas swimmer
- Kostas Eleftherakis football player
- Dimitrios Eleftheropoulos football player
- Giannoulis Fakinos football player
- Panagiotis Fasoulas basketball player
- Alexios Fetsios shooter
- Angelos Fetsis middle-distance runner
- Giorgos Foiros football player and manager
- Antonis Fotsis basketball player
- D. Frangopoulos tennis player
- Takis Fyssas football player
- Nikos Galis basketball player, MVP of Eurobasket 1987
- Konstadinos Gatsioudis javelin thrower
- Theofanis Gekas football player
- Georgios Gennimatas sprinter
- Nikolaos Georgantas discus thrower
- Grigorios Georgatos football player
- Giorgios Georgiadis football player
- Ioannis Georgiadis fencer
- Evangelos Gerakeris marathoner
- Panagiotis Giannakis basketball player, captain of Greek Eurobasket 1987 champion team
- Stelios Giannakopoulos football player
- Kleopas Giannou football player
- Herodotos Giorgallas gymnast
- Andreas Glyniadakis basketball player
- Spyros Gogolos football player
- Dimitrios Golemis middle-distance runner
- Georgios Gougoulias football player
- Yannis Goumas football player
- Anastasios Gousis sprinter
- Miltiadis Gouskos shot putter
- Georgios Grigoriou marathoner
- Efstratios Grivas chess player
- Faní Halkiá Olympic champion hurdler
- Laird Hamilton (born Laird John Zerfas), surfer
- Vassilis Hatzipanagis football player
- José Holebas football player
- Periklis Iakovakis hurdler
- Georgios Iatridis fencer
- Miltiades Iatrou cyclist
- Takis Ikonomopoulos football player
- Giannis Ioannidis basketball player and coach
- Leonidas Kabantais football player
- Pantelis Kafes football player
- Ilias Kafetzis marathoner
- Kakhi Kakhiashvili weightlifter
- Michalis Kakiouzis basketball player
- Nikos Kaklamanakis windsurfer
- Ioannis Kalitzakis football player
- Georgios Kalogiannidis archer
- George Kalovelonis tennis player
- Marios Kaperonis boxer
- Michalis Kapsis football player
- Alexandros Karageorgiou archer
- G. Karagiannopoulos shooter
- Giorgos Karagounis football player
- Telemachos Karakalos fencer
- Karakatsanis shooter
- Konstantinos Karakatsanis middle-distance runner
- Pantelis Karasevdas shooter
- Hristos Karipidis football player
- Alex Karras American football player
- Filippos Karvelas gymnast
- Michalis Kasapis football player
- Dionysios Kasdaglis tennis player
- Fanis Katergiannakis football player
- N. Kartavas swimmer
- Kostas Katsouranis football player
- Anastasía Kelesídou discus thrower
- Konstantinos Kenteris European, World and Olympic champion sprinter
- Alexandros Khalkokondilis sprinter and long jumper
- Hatzidakis shooter
- Alexandros Khrisafos swimmer
- Dimitrios Khristopoulos marathoner
- Vassilis Kikilias basketball player
- Michalis Klokidis football player
- Frank Klopas, football player
- Ekaterini Koffa sprinter
- Savvas Kofidis football player
- Dimitrios Kokotis high jumper
- Georgios Kolettis cyclist
- Georgios Koltsidas football player
- Giorgos Koltzos football player
- Konstantinos Komninos-Miliotis fencer
- Aristidis Konstantinidis cyclist
- Vasilis Konstantinou football player
- Konstantinos Konstantinou cyclist
- Michalis Konstantinou football player
- Dimitrious Konstantopolous football player
- Georgios Korakakis football player
- Prodromos Korkizoglou decathlete
- Anastasia Kostaki basketball player
- Nikos Kostakis football player
- Yiorgos Kostikos football player
- Athanasios Kostoulas football player
- Vasilios Kotronias chess player
- Ilias Kotsios football player
- Stefanos Kotsolis football player
- Giorgos Koudas football player
- Dinos Kouis football player
- Konstantinos Koukodimos long jumper
- Efthimios Kouloucheris football player
- Yiannis Kouros multiple world record-holding ultramarathoner
- Vaggelis Koutsoures football player
- Petros Kravaritis football player
- Ioannis Kyrastas football player
- Sotirios Kyrgiakos football player
- Anastasios Kyriakos football player
- Panagiotis Lagos football player
- Vassilis Lakis football player
- Alexi Lalas, football player
- Leonidas Langakis shooter
- Ioannis Lavrentis marathoner
- Sotiris Leontiou football player
- Nikolaos Levidis shooter
- Kostas Linoxilakis football player
- Spiros Livathinos football player and manager
- Spiridon Louis marathoner, winner of first modern Olympic marathon
- Takis Loukanidis football player
- Konstantinos Loumpoutis football player
- Dimitrios Loundras gymnast
- Nikolaos Lyberopoulos football player
- Nikos Machlas football player
- Ioannis Malokinis swimmer
- Miréla Manjani javelin thrower
- Stelios Manolas football player
- Vlasios Maras gymnast
- Nick Markakis baseball player
- Dimitris Markos football player
- Tino Martinez, baseball player
- Stamatios Masouris marathoner
- Dimitris Mavrogenidis football player
- Loukas Mavrokefalidis basketball player
- Thomas Mavros football player
- Hristos Meletoglou triple jumper
- Angelos Messaris football player
- Anastasios Metaxas shooter
- Athanasios Michalopoulos volleyball player
- Nikolaos Michopoulos football player
- Zenon Mikhailidis shooter
- Ioannis Mitropoulos gymnast
- Tasos Mitropoulos football player
- Georgios Mitsibonas football player
- Antonis Miyiakis football player
- Vaggelis Moras football player
- Leonidas Morakis shooter
- Nikolaos Morakis shooter
- Andreas Mouratis football player
- Moustakopoulos shooter
- Apostolos Nanos archer
- Evangelos Nastos football player
- Konstantinos Nebegleras football player
- Kostas Negrepontis football player
- Kostas Nestoridis football player
- Apostolos Nikolaidis football and volleyball player
- Demis Nikolaidis football player
- Alexandros Nikolopoulos weightlifter
- Stamatios Nikolopoulos cyclist
- Antonios Nikopolidis football player
- Sotiris Ninis football player
- Nikos Nioplias football player
- Georgios Orphanidis shooter
- Alexandros Pagalis football player
- Alketas Panagoulias football player and manager
- Loukas Panourgias football player
- Pantazidis shooter
- Anastasios Pantos football player
- Alexandros Papadimitriou hammer thrower
- Avraam Papadopoulos football player
- Dimitrios Papadopoulos football player
- Lazaros Papadopoulos basketball player
- Antonios Papaigannou gymnast
- Mimis Papaioannou football player
- Lambros Papakostas high jumper
- Theodoros Papaloukas basketball player
- Manolis Papamakarios basketball player
- Christos Papanikolaou pole vaulter
- Georgios Papasideris weightlifter
- Eleitherios Papasimeon marathoner
- Athina Papayianni race walker
- Charilaos Pappas football player
- Tom Pappas, world champion decathlete
- Georgios Paraskevopoulos cyclist
- Panagiotis Paraskevopoulos discus thrower
- Mikhail Paskalides sprinter
- Konstantinos Paspatis tennis player
- Petros Passalis football player
- George Patis badminton player
- Voula Patoulidou hurdler
- Christos Patsatzoglou football player
- Patsouris shooter
- Pavlos Pavlidis shooter
- Antonios Pepanos swimmer
- Ioannis Persakis triple jumper
- Petros Persakis gymnast
- Aristovoulos Petmezas gymnast and shooter
- Demetrios Petrokokkinos tennis player
- Ioannis Phrangoudis shooter
- Mimis Pierrakos football player
- Perikles Pierrakos-Mavromichalis fencer
- Stiliani Pilatou long jumper
- Platis shooter
- Hristos Polihroniou hammer thrower
- Ioannis Poulos fencer
- Evangelia Psarra archer
- Leonidas Pyrgos fencer
- Evangelos Rallis tennis player
- Kurt Rambis (Kyriakos Rambidis) basketball player, won 4 NBA championships with the Los Angeles Lakers
- Flora Redoumi hurdler
- Dimitrios Regas sprinter
- Efthimios Rentzias basketball player
- Dusty Rhodes, baseball player
- Elpida Romantzi archer
- Nicolas Rossolimo chess player
- Georgios Roubanis pole vaulter
- Sakis Rouvas pole vaulter (later became famous as a musician/entertainer)
- Dusan Sakota basketball player
- Dimitris Salpigidis football player
- Georgios Samaras football player
- Pete Sampras, tennis player; winner of 14 Grand Slam men's singles titles
- Sanidis shooter
- Miltiadis Sapanis football player
- Dimitris Saravakos football player
- Nikos Sarganis football player
- Georgios Saridakis race walker
- Sofoklis Schortsanitis basketball player
- Yourkas Seitaridis football player
- Giorgos Sideris football player
- Nikolaos Siranidis diver
- Athanasios Skaltsogiannis
- Giannis Skopelitis football player
- Georgios Skoutarides sprinter and hurdler
- Jimmy "the Greek" Snyder (Dimetrios Georgios Synodinos), TV sports commentator and bookie
- George Sotiropoulos mixed martial artist
- Vasileios Spanoulis basketball player
- Konstantinos Spetsiotis race walker
- Spiridon Stais shooter
- Andreas Stamatiadis football player
- Ieroklis Stoltidis football player
- Aryiro Strataki heptathlete
- Dimosthenis Tampakos gymnast
- Giannis Taralidis football player
- Alexandros Tatsis football player
- Efstathios Tavlaridis football player
- Irini Terzoglou shot putter
- Ekateríni Thánou sprinter
- Stefanos Theodoridis football player
- Georgios Theodoridis sprinter
- Ioannis Theodoropoulos pole vaulter
- Alexandros Theofilakis shooter
- Ioannis Theofilakis shooter
- Dimitrios Tomprof middle-distance runner
- Vasilis Torosidis football player
- Nicolaos Trikupis shooter
- A. Tryfiatis-Tripiaris cyclist
- Jake Tsakalidis basketball player
- Kostas Tsartsaris basketball player
- Loúis Tsátoumas long jumper
- Dimitrios Tsiamis triple jumper
- Paraskeví Tsiamíta triple jumper
- Nikos Tsiantakis football player
- Vassilis Tsiartas football player
- Konstantinos Tsiklitiras Olympic champion standing long jumper
- Leonidas Tsiklitiras gymnast
- Aggeliki Tsiolakoudi javelin thrower
- Chris Tsiprailidis poker player
- Georgios Tsitas wrestler
- Athanasia Tsoumeleka race walker
- Tryfon Tzanetis football player
- Alexandros Tziolis football player
- Stavros Tziortziopoulos football player
- Alexandros Tzorvas football player
- Danai Varveri free diver
- Olga Vasdeki triple jumper
- Spyridon Vasdekis long jumper
- Kharilaos Vasilakos marathoner
- Panagiotis Vasilopoulos basketball player
- Kostas Vassiliadis basketball player
- Fotini Vavatsi archer
- Vavis shooter
- Theodoros Velkos badminton player
- Stylianos Venetidis football player
- Tassos Venetis football player
- Anna Verouli javelin thrower
- Sotirios Versis weightlifter
- Kleanthis Vikelides football player
- Ekateríni Vóggoli discus thrower
- Ioannis Vourakis shooter
- Athanasios Vouros fencer
- Ian Vouyoukas basketball player
- Ioannis Vrettos marathoner
- Zisis Vryzas football player
- Loukas Vyntra football player
- Charalambos Xanthos poker player
- Níki Xánthou long jumper
- Thomas Xenakis gymnast
- Vasilios Xydas pole vaulter
- Theodoros Zagorakis football player, captain of Greek team that won 2004 European Championship
- Akis Zikos football player
- Nikos Zisis basketball player
- Khristos Zoumis triple jumper
- Michael Katsidis Professional Boxer
Clerics[link]
Medieval period[link]
- Saints Cyril and Methodius, monks and scholars, inventors of the Cyrillic script
- Michael Cerularius (c. 1000–1059), Patriarch of Constantinople
- John Chrysostom (347–407), Christian bishop and orator
- Photios I of Constantinople (820–891), Patriarch of Constantinople and writer
- Pope Evaristus (c. 98 – 105), fourth Pope
- Pope Stephen I (254–257)
- Pope Agatho (678–681)
- Pope John VI (701–705)
- Pope John VII (706–709)
- Pope Alexander V (1409–1410), Roman Catholic Antipope in the Pisan line
See also:
- List of Constantinople patriarchs
- List of Greek Orthodox Patriarchs of Jerusalem
- List of Archbishops of Athens
- List of Archbishops of Cyprus
Entrepreneurs[link]
- Leo Fender Clarence Leonidas Fender: Inventor and founder of Fender Musical Instrument Company
- Evangelis and Konstantinos Zappas, entrepreneurs and forefathers of modern Olympics
- Georgios Zarifis, banker
- Christakis Zografos, banker
- Ioannis Pangas, merchant and philanthropist
- Georgios Sinas, banker, diplomat and philanthropist
- Simon Sinas, banker, diplomat and philanthropist
- Yiannis Carras, ship-owner, creator of Porto Carras Resort
- John D. Chandris and family, shipping industry, cruises
- Yiannis Dritsas, Giannis inventor of Frappe
- Sir Stelios Haji-Ioannou, entrepreneur
- Socrates Kokkalis, telecommunications magnate, owner of Olympiacos
- Sir Eddie Kulukundis, entrepreneur and arts patron
- George Livanos, shipping magnate
- John Latsis, shipping magnate
- Spiro Latsis, banking and shipping magnate
- Stavros Niarchos, shipping magnate
- Aristotle Onassis, shipping magnate
- Christina Onassis, shipping magnate
- Athina Onassis-Miranda, granddaughter of Aristotle Onassis
- Basil Zaharoff, arms trader and financier
- Mike Lazaridis, founder and co-CEO of Research In Motion (RIM)
- George P. Mitchell, businessman, real estate developer
Explorers[link]
Ancient period[link]
- Colaeus
- Herodotus of Halicarnassus (c. 484 – c. 420 BCE)
- Nearchus (360–312 BCE)
- Pytheas (380–310 BCE)
- Scylax
- Xenophon (c. 435 – c. 355 BCE)
Medieval period[link]
Early Modern[link]
- Juan de Fuca aka Apostolos Valerianos, born Ioannis (John) Phocas
Fashion designers[link]
- Sophia Kokosalaki, haute couture, women, designer for the 2004 Summer Olympics
- Panagiotis Papadopoulos, swimwear designer for Panos Emporio (based in Sweden)
- John Varvatos, haute couture – men
- Peter Speliopoulos, vice President, DKNY design
- James Galanos
- Patricia Field
- Nick Verreos
- Jean Desses, fashion designer in the 1940s to 1960s
- Elena Votsi, jewelry designer
Fashion models[link]
- Marios Lekkas
- Evi Adam model
- Julia Alexandratou
- Evagelia Aravani
- Elena Asimakopoulou
- Marietta Chrousala
- Isavella Dara – Miss Europe 1997 and winner of Elite Model Look contest 1995
- Mara Darmousli – winner of Elite Model Look contest 1998
- Valentini Daskaloudi
- Aliki Diplarakou – Miss Europe 1930
- Daniela Eleftheraki
- Katerina Georgiadou
- Jenny Hiloudaki
- Olympia Hopsonidou
- Valia Kakouti
- Katerina Kanonidou
- Irini Karra
- Alex Kavadias
- Vicky Kaya model
- Demetres Koutsavlakis
- Olga Kypriotou
- Christina Lekka – Miss International 1994
- Katia Margaritoglou
- Maria Menounos
- Katerina Michalopoulou – Miss Europe 1991
- Anna Nanousi
- Nikos Papadakis – winner of Manhunt International 1994
- Evelina Papantoniou
- Lena Paparigopoulou
- Anastasia Perraki
- Chrissoula Rodi
- Panayiotis Simopoulos
- Suzi Simpson
- Irene Skliva – Miss World 1996
- Maria Spiridaki
- Katerina Stikoudi
- Marina Tsintikidou – Miss Europe 1992
- Katia Zygouli – winner of Elite Model Look contest 1996
- Doukissa Nomikou
- Zeta Makrypoulia
Filmmakers[link]
- Theo Angelopoulos, writer and director (Ulysses' Gaze, Eternity and a Day)
- Michael Cacoyannis, writer, producer and director (Zorba the Greek, Electra, Iphigenia)
- John Cassavetes, actor (The Dirty Dozen, Rosemary's Baby), writer and director (Husbands, A Woman Under the Influence, The Killing of a Chinese Bookie)
- Alexandra Cassavetes (daughter of John), documentary director
- Nick Cassavetes (son of John), actor (Face/Off, The Astronaut's Wife), writer (Blow) and director (John Q, The Notebook)
- Constantinos Hilas
- George P. Cosmatos
- Costa-Gavras (Constantinos Gavras), writer, producer and director (Z, State of Siege, Missing)
- Peter Kambasis, writer, producer and director of internet-based films
- Milton Katselas, acting teacher and director (Butterflies Are Free, When You Comin' Back, Red Ryder?)
- Elia Kazan director in theatre and film (Gentleman's Agreement, A Streetcar Named Desire, On the Waterfront, East of Eden, A Face in the Crowd)
- Ana Kokkinos
- Nikos Koundouros
- Gregory Markopoulos
- George Miller, producer and director (Mad Max, Babe: Pig in the City, Happy Feet)
- Alexander Payne, writer, producer and director (Election, About Schmidt, Sideways)
- Andy Sidaris
- Penelope Spheeris, writer, producer and director (Suburbia, Wayne's World, The Decline of Western Civilization)
- Dean Tavoularis, production designer (Little Big Man, The Godfather, Apocalypse Now, Bulworth)
Military and political figures[link]
Ancient period[link]
- Agis III (r.338-?331 BCE), Spartan king who rebelled against Macedon in 331 BCE
- Alcibiades (450–404 BCE), Athenian general and statesman
- Alexander the Great, (356 – 323 BCE) Macedonian king, and conqueror
- Antiochus IIIthe Great, (c241-187 BCE) Seleucid Monarch
- Antipater, (c.390 – 319 BCE), Macedonian noble and Alexander the Great's regent in Macedon
- Aristides (530–468 BCE), Athenian statesman
- Cimon, Athenian leader and statesman
- Cleopatra VII Thea Philopator, (c.68–30 BCE) Queen of Egypt, from the Hellenistic Ptolemaic Dynasty
- Demosthenes (384–322 BCE), politician and orator
- Dionysius I, (c.432-367) ruler of the Syracusan empire
- Epaminondas, (c.420-362) Theban general and statesman
- Eucratides, ruler of the Bactrian Greeks
- Leonidas, (d.480 BCE) Spartan king, killed defending Greece from the Persians
- Lycurgus, (9th century BCE) semi-legendary Spartan lawgiver
- Lysander, (d395)Spartan general and hero during the Peloponnesian War
- Memnon of Rhodes, (d.333) Greek mercenary general in Persian army under Darius III
- Miltiades, Athenian statesman and general
- Nearchus, Alexander's naval commander
- Peisistratus, Athenian tyrant
- Pericles (495–429 BCE), Athenian leader and statesman
- Philip II of Macedon, (382–336 BCE)Macedonian king and father of Alexander the Great
- Polycrates, Samian ruler
- Ptolemy I, (c356-285) Macedonian general under Alexander the Great, founded a dynasty in Egypt
- Pyrrhus of Epirus, (c318-272)invaded Italy, became known for victories of dubious value (Pyrrhic)
- Seleucus I, Macedonian general under Alexander the Great, founded dynasty in Persia
- Solon, (638–558 BCE) Athenian lawmaker and archon
- Themistocles, (c.514–449 BCE) Athenian statesman and admiral
- Xenophon, (430-c.354 BCE) mercenary general, led and recounted march from Persia
Medieval period[link]
- Alexius I Comnenus (1048–1118), Byzantine Emperor
- Basil II (963–1025), Emperor, known as the 'Bulgar-slayer'
- Constantine Lascaris, promoters of the revival of Greek learning in the Italian peninsula
- Constantine VII, Byzantine Emperor and scholar, 'born in the (Imperial) purple' (Porphyrogenitus)
- Constantine XI (1405–1453), last Byzantine Emperor
- Gemistus Pletho, one of the chief pioneers of the revival of learning in Western Europe.
- Helena, Christian mother of Constantine I
- Irene, Byzantine Empress, instrumental in the restoration of icons, later sanctified
- Johannes Bessarion, Bishop and Cardinal
- Manuel Chrysoloras, one of the pioneers in introducing Greek literature to western Europe.
- Manuel I Comnenus (1143–1180),Byzantine Emperor, was responsible for a distinct revival of Byzantine fortunes until his defeat at Myriokephalon
- Michael VIII Palaeologus (1159–1182)- Byzantine (before 1261 Nicene) Emperor, recaptured Constantinople from the Franks.
- Marcus Musurus, professor of Greek language at the University of Padua.
- Nicephorus II Phocas (963–969),Byzantine Emperor and general
- Romanus IV (1068–1071), lost the fateful battle of Manzikert
- Saint Cyril (827–869), Byzantine monk, developed the Glagolitic alphabet
- Theodora, wife of Justinian I, actress, courtesan, Empress.
Ottoman Empire period[link]
- Atik Sinan, architect for Mehmed II and Mustafa III
- Barbarossa (1473–1518), famous privateer, older brother of Khair ad Din; (Greek mother)
- İbrahim Ethem Pasha, Greek-born Grand Vizier
- Khair ad Din (1475–1546), Greek-born Ottoman Turkish Admiral, also known as Barbarossa; (Greek mother)
- Pargalı İbrahim Pasha, Suleyman the Magnificent's first appointed Grand Vizier, who left an important landmark on his reign.
- Alexandra Mavrokordatou (1605–1683), salonist and intellectual.
- Mimar Sinan, architect for Suleyman the Magnificent
- Kosem Sultan
- İshak Pasha Grand Vizier
- Turgut Reis Ottoman Admiral
Modern period[link]
Greece[link]
- Ioannis Capodistrias (1776–1831), first President of the free and unified Greek state, last President of the first Greek republic
- Georgios Hatzianestis (1863–1922), General
- Constantine Kanaris (c. 1794–1877), freedom fighter, politician, and later Prime Minister
- Constantine I (1868–1923), King of Greece
- Constantine II, (born 1940), King of Greece
- George II (1890–1947), King of Greece
- Paul (1901–1964), King of Greece
- Konstantinos Karamanlis (1907–1998), President of Greece and four-time Prime Minister
- Kostas Karamanlis (born 1956), Prime Minister of Greece and leader of the New Democracy party – Greek-Macedonian
- Dimitris Plapoutas (1786–1864), Greek General in the Greek War of Independence against the rule of the Ottoman Empire and later a Politician
- Theodoros Kolokotronis (1770–1843), Greek general in the Greek War of Independence against the rule of the Ottoman Empire
- Pavlos Kountouriotis (1855–1935), admiral, war hero and later President of Greece
- Alexander Mavrocordatos
- Pavlos Melas (1870–1904), hero of Greek Struggle for Macedonia
- Ioannis Metaxas (1871–1941), dictator of Greece before and during the first part of its participation in World War II
- Andreas Papandreou (1919–1996), economist, politician, and three-time Prime Minister
- George Andreas Papandreou (born 1952), current leader of the PASOK political party and former Foreign Minister of Greece (1999–2004).
- Aleka Papariga (born 1945), current General Secretary of the Communist Party of Greece (KKE) (1991–)
- Karolos Papoulias (born 1929), current President of Greece (2005–)
- Kostas Simitis (born 1936), former Prime Minister of Greece (1996–2004)
- Kostis Stephanopoulos (born 1926), former President of Greece (1995–2005)
- Aris Velouchiotis (27 August 1905 – 16 June 1945), born Athanasios (Thanasis) Klaras, leader of Ethnikos Laikos Apeleftherotikos Stratos (ELAS), the communist segment of Greek guerrilla resistance during World War II
- Eleftherios Venizelos (1864–1936), Prime Minister
- Nikos Zachariadis (1903–1973), former Secretary of the Communist Party of Greece (KKE) (1931–1957)
Northern Epirus[link]
- Apostolos Arsachis (1792–1874) Greek-Vlach politician and philanthropist, born in Northern Epirus
- Pyrros Dimas (1971– ) retired weightlifter, considered as one of the greatest of all times having been three times Olympic champion and three times World Champion.
- Dimitris Nanopoulos (1948– ) world renowned physicist, of a Northern Epirotian[17] descent
- Georgios Sinas (1783–1856) entrepreneur, banker and national benefactor. Founder of the Athens National Observatory
- Evangelos Zappas (1800–1865) businessman and philanthropist. He is recognized today as the founder of the modern Greek Olympic Games
- Georgios Christakis-Zografos (1863–1920), politician, president of the Autonomous Republic of Northern Epirus
Canada[link]
France[link]
- Marietta Karamanli, (MP) Socialist Party
Romania[link]
- Iannis Pharmakis (died 1821), revolutionary fighter
- Michael von Melas, field-marshal for Austrian Empire
- Cantacuzene governors of Bessarabia and Walachia (1678–1688)
Spain[link]
- Queen Sofía of Spain (born 1938), wife of Spain's king Juan Carlos
United Kingdom[link]
- Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh (born 1921), husband of UK's queen Elizabeth II, born on the island of Corfu.
- Norman St.John-Stevas, British politician
- Lord Adonis, British politician
Australia[link]
- Petro Georgiou, Federal Politician
- John Hatzistergos, Attorney General, NSW
- Jenny Mikakos, politician, VIC
- Sophie Mirabella, federal politician
- Sophie Panopoulos, federal politician
- Arthur Sinodinos, Prime Minister's Chief of Staff
- Maria Vamvakinou, politician
United States[link]
- Spiro Agnew, Governor of Maryland (1967–69) and Vice President of the United States under Richard Nixon (1969–73)
- Art Agnos, Mayor of San Francisco, California (1988–92)
- Phil Angelides, California State Treasurer (1999–2007)
- George Argyros, U.S. ambassador to Spain and Andorra (2001–04)
- Shelley Berkley, Congresswoman, Nevada 1st District (1999– )
- Mike Bilirakis, Congressman, Florida 9th District (1983–2007)
- Gus Bilirakis (son of Mike), Congressman, Florida 9th District (2007– )
- John Brademas, Congressman, Indiana 3rd District (1959–81)
- George Christopher, Mayor of San Francisco, California (1956–64)
- Charlie Crist, Governor of Florida (2007– )
- Michael Dukakis, Governor of Massachusetts (1975–79, 1983–91) and 1988 Democratic Party presidential candidate
- Nick Galifianakis, Congressman, North Carolina 5th/4th District (1967–73)
- George Gekas, Congressman, Pennsylvania 17th District (1983–2003)
- Arianna Huffington (née Arianna Stassinopoulos), liberal pundit and blogger
- Ron Klink, Congressman, Pennsylvania 4th District (1993–2001)
- Tom C. Korologos, Republican organiser and US ambassador to Belgium (2004–07)
- Andrew Manatos, Assistant Secretary of Commerce during the Carter administration
- Nicholas Mavroules, Congressman, Massachusetts 6th District (1979–93)
- Markos Moulitsas, blogger and political columnist, founder of the influential liberal blog Daily Kos
- John Negroponte, United States Director of National Intelligence, former U.S. Ambassador to the United Nations
- Peter George Peterson, Secretary of Commerce under Richard Nixon (1972–73), first Greek American cabinet officer
- John Podesta, White House Chief of Staff for Bill Clinton, head of Obama transition team
- Paul Sarbanes, Senator from Maryland (1977–2007)
- John Sarbanes (son of Paul) Congressman, Maryland 3rd District (2007– )
- Olympia Snowe, Senator from Maine (1995– )
- Zack Space, Congressman, Ohio 18th District (2007– )
- George Stephanopoulos, former political adviser to President Bill Clinton, television commentator
- George Tenet, director of the CIA (1997–2004)
- Dina Titus, Congresswoman, Nevada 3rd District (2009– )
- Frances Townsend, Homeland Security Adviser to President George W. Bush (2004–07)
- Paul Tsongas, Senator from Massachusetts (1979–85), candidate for the 1992 Democratic Party presidential nomination
- Gus Yatron, Congressman, Pennsylvania 6th District (1969–93)
Musicians[link]
Ancient period[link]
Modern period[link]
- Rita Abatzi musician
- Maurice Abravanel conductor
- Art Alexakis guitarist and singer (Everclear)
- Louis Demetrius Alvanis (born 1960), pianist
- Costas Andreou composer and musician
- Theodore Antoniou composer, conductor
- Grigoris Asikis singer and lyricist
- Nikolas Asimos singer and composer
- Gina Bachauer pianist
- Arion semi-legendary figure
- Yiorgos Batis musician
- Grigoris Bithikotsis popular singer and lyricist
- Miltiades Caridis conductor
- Pavlos Carrer composer
- Petros Christo guitarist
- Nikos Christodoulou composer and conductor
- Jani Christou composer
- Kelly Clarkson pop singer, winner of first American Idol season[18]
- Christos Dantis singer and musician
- Dionysios Demetis composer
- Odysseas Dimitriadis (1908–2005), conductor
- Marina Diamandis, singer for Marina and the Diamonds
- Dimitris Dragatakis composer
- Antiochos Evangelatos composer and conductor
- Kostas Exarhakis musician
- Leo Fender Clarence Leonidas Fender guitarist/inventor and founder of Fender Musical Instrument company
- Yorgos Foudoulis (born 1964) guitarist and composer
- Alexander Frey conductor, pianist, organist and composer
- Gus G. guitarist
- Katy Garbi singer
- Michalis Genitsaris singer and composer
- Christos Govetas musician
- Manos Hadjidakis (1925–1994) composer
- Alkinoos Ioannidis singer and composer
- Sotiris Kakisis poet
- George Kallis composer
- Manolis Kalomiris (1883–1962), composer
- Iakovos Kambanelis poet and lyricist
- Alex Kapranos, frontman of the pop group Franz Ferdinand
- Eleni Karaindrou composer
- Herbert von Karajan (Herbert Karajannis) (1908–1989) (Austrian of Greek origin)
- Nikos Karvelas composer
- Georgios Kasassoglou musician
- Antonios Katinaris musician
- Bob Katsionis musician
- Leonidas Kavakos (born 1967), violinist
- Stelios Kazantzidis singer
- Areti Ketime musician
- Panayiotis Kokoras musician and composer
- Iakovos Kolanian guitarist
- Stavros Koujioumtzis (1932–2005), composer and lyricist
- Akis Katsoupakis (born 1972), musician, composer, and record producer
- Rena Kyriakou pianist
- Andreas Lagios guitarist
- Alexandre Lagoya guitarist
- Tim Lambesis singer
- Leo Leandros musician and composer
- Manos Loizos (1937–1982), composer
- Sokratis Malamas singer and musician
- Nikolaos Mantzaros composer
- Giannis Markopoulos composer
- Kostas Martakis singer
- Thanos Mikroutsikos composer
- Dimitris Mitropoulos conductor[19]
- Kostas Mountakis musician
- Georges Moustaki (Greek-French) singer and lyricist
- Tony Orlando – singer[20]
- Tommy Lee, drummer
- Orianthi Panagaris, singer
- Georgios Kyriacos Panayiotou (George Michael) singer-songwriter (English of Greek ancestry)
- Tzimis Panousis, musician
- Lefteris Papadimitriou, compoer and performer
- Lefteris Papadopoulos poet and lyricist
- Thanassis Papakonstantinou singer and lyricist
- Elena Paparizou singer, winner of the Eurovison Song Contest 2005
- Apostolos Paraskevas composer and classical guitarist
- Stelios Perpiniadis musician
- Phivos lyricist
- Sadahzinia musician
- Sakis Rouvas singer and guitarist
- Spyros Samaras composer
- Kalomira Sarantis singer - songwriter, winner of second Fame Story season, third place at Eurovision Song Contest 2008
- Dionysis Savvopoulos singer, composer and lyricist
- Kyriakos Sfetsas composer
- Dimitris Sgouros pianist
- Pavlos Sidiropoulos musician
- Nikos Skalkottas composer
- Kostas Skarvelis composer
- Camille-Marie Stamaty Greek-French composer-pianist
- Ciriaco Taraxes Composer
- Mikis Theodorakis (born 1925), composer
- Giorgos Theofanous composer
- Marios Tokas, composer of Cypriot origin
- Sakis Tolis musician
- Michalis Travlos composer
- Tatiana Troyanos mezzo-soprano[21]
- Iovan Tsaous musician and composer
- Vassilis Tsitsanis popular composer
- Markos Vamvakaris popular composer of rebetiko
- Despina Vandi singer
- Vangelis (born 1943), New Age-musician and composer
- Marios Varvoglis composer
- Anna Vissi singer
- Haris Xanthoudakis composer
- Stavros Xarhakos composer and MEP
- Iannis Xenakis (1922–2001), composer
- Nikos Xilouris singer and composer
- Nikos Xydakis pianist and singer
- Spyridon Xyndas composer and guitarist
- Mirka Yemendzakis musician
- Yanni (born 1954) – Composer, pianist, keyboardist
- Savvas Ysatis musician
Painters[link]
Ancient period[link]
- Apelles
- Aetion (4th century BCE)
- Berlin Painter
- Euphronius
- Exekias
- Parrhasius
- Polygnotus
- Zeuxis
Renaissance[link]
- El Greco (1541–1614), born Domenicos Theotokopoulos
- Antonio Vassilacchi
Modern period[link]
- Theophilos Hatzimihail (19th century)
- Demetrios Galanis (19th century)
- Nicholaos Gysis (19th century)
- Nikos Hadjikyriakos-Ghikas (20th century)
- Aris Kalaizis (21st century)
- Christos Kapralos
- Nikiphoros Lytras (19th century)
- Nikos Nikolaou (20th century)
- Konstantinos Parthenis (20th century)
- Marie Spartali (19th century)
- Yannis Tsarouchis (20th century)
- Odysseus Yakoumakis (21st century)
- Vasilis Zenetzis
- Spyros Vassiliou(20th century)
Philosophers[link]
Ancient period[link]
- Anaxarchus of Abdera
- Anaximander (c. 610 – c. 546 BCE)
- Anaximenes of Miletus
- Archimedes
- Aristotle (384–322 BCE)
- Athenagoras of Athens (c. 133 – 190), early Christian apologist
- Celsus
- Democritus (born 460 BCE)
- Diogenes of Sinope (412–323 BCE)
- Empedocles (490–430 BCE)
- Epictetus (55 – c. 135)
- Epicurus (341–270 BCE)
- Epimenides
- Eratosthenes
- Gregory of Nazianzus
- Gregory of Nyssa
- Hecataeus
- Heraclitus
- Hypatia of Alexandria (died 415)
- Irenaeus
- Leucippus
- Parmenides
- Pherecydes
- Plato (c. 427 – c. 347 BCE)
- Plethon,(c. 1355–1452)
- Plotinus
- Protagoras
- Pythagoras (582–496 BCE)
- Socrates (470–399 BCE)
- Thales of Miletus (c. 624 – 547 BCE)
- Theagenes
- Theophrastus
- Xenophanes
- Zeno of Citium (333–264 BCE)
- Zeno of Elea (c. 495 – c. 430 BC)
Medieval period[link]
Modern period[link]
- Adamantios Korais
- Anthimos Gazis
- Nikos Kazantzakis
- Kostas Axelos
- Cornelius Castoriadis
- Michail Papageorgiou
- Nicos Poulantzas
- Ioannis Theodorakopoulos
- Christos Yannaras
- Takis Fotopoulos
Scientists and Engineers[link]
Ancient period[link]
- Anaximander
- Apollonius of Perga
- Archimedes
- Archytas
- Aristarchos of Samos
- Aristotle
- Autolycus of Pitane
- Ctesibius
- Diophantus
- Eratosthenes
- Euclid
- Eudoxus of Cnidus
- Eupalinos
- Galen
- Heron of Alexandria
- Hipparchos
- Hippocrates
- Hypatia of Alexandria
- Meton of Athens
- Parmenides
- Posidonios
- Ptolemy (possibly)
- Pythagoras of Samos
- Sostratus of Cnidus
- Strabo
- Thales of Miletus
- Theon
- Theopompus
Medieval period[link]
- Anthemius of Tralles, was involved in the construction of the Haghia Sophia
- Isidore of Miletus, 6th-century polymath, principally in charge of design and construction of the Haghia Sophia
- Leon the Mathematician, 9th-century geometer, subject of a bidding war between the Emperor and Caliph al-Mamun
- Callinicus of Heliopolis, engineer, inventor of Greek fire
Modern period[link]
- Georgios Papanikolaou, doctor, Pap smear inventor
- Constantin Carathéodory, mathematician
- Ioannis Argyris, mathematician, Finite Element Method
- Dimitrios Nanopoulos, astrophysicist
- Fotis Kafatos, biologist, current director of the European Research Council
- Christos Papadimitriou, computer scientist
- Manolis Andronikos, archaeologist
- Spyridon Marinatos, archaeologist
- Athanassios S. Fokas, mathematician, integrable nonlinear partial differential equations
- Michael L Dertouzos, former Director of the M.I.T. Laboratory for Computer Science
- Nicholas Negroponte, Greek-American founder and Chairman Emeritus of Massachusetts Institute of Technology's Media Lab
- John Iliopoulos, physicist
- Panayiotis Zavos, geneticist
- Joseph Sifakis, computer scientist
- George P. Chrousos, clinical investigator in pediatrics
(See Academics).
Sculptors[link]
Ancient period[link]
- Agesandros, Athanadoros and Polidoros,composed the Laocoon group
- Agasias
- Callicrates, relief artist, worked on the Parthenon under the direction of Pheidias
- Lysippus
- Myron
- Phidias, sculptor of the colossal statue of Zeus, one of the Seven Wonders of the World
- Polyclitus
- Polyeuctes
- Pheidias
- Praxiteles
- Scopas
Modern period[link]
- Constantine Andreou (20th century)
- Jannis Kounellis
- Memos Makris
- Thodoros Papadimitriou
- Nikolaos Pavlopoulos
- Panayiotis Vassilakis
- Lydia Venieri
- Constantin Xenakis
- Takis
Singers[link]
- Hrysoula Stefanaki
- Chronis Aidonidis
- Haris Alexiou
- Giorgos Alkaios
- Peter André, English-born Cypriot-Australian
- Lisa Andreas, represented Cyprus in the Eurovision 2004
- Marlen Angelidou, pop singer, was with Greek pop group Hi-5
- Lindsay Armaou, was part of the girl band B*Witched (half Greek half Irish)
- Annette Artani
- Eleftheria Arvanitaki
- Agnes Baltsa, mezzo-soprano
- Maria Callas, soprano
- Aris Christofellis, sopranist
- Constantinos Christoforou, represented Cyprus in the Eurovision
- Cleopatra
- George Dalaras, renowned contemporary Greek singer
- Loukas Daralas, famous singer of rebetiko and father of George Dalaras
- Angela Dimitriou
- Diamanda Galas
- Giorgos Perris
- Mariana Efstratiou
- Elpida
- Evridiki
- Maria Farantouri
- Mario Frangoulis, tenor
- Keti Garbi, famous singer
- Sevas Hanum
- Thanos Kalliris
- Nektaria Karantzi
- Vasilis Karras
- Prodromos Kathiniotis
- Stelios Kazantzidis popular singer considered by many as the greatest of Greek popular music.
- Panos Kiamos
- Elli Kokkinou
- Stelios Konstantas
- Stavros Konstantinou, winner of Super Idol, the Greek version of Pop Idol
- Demetres Koutsavlakis
- Tim Lambesis
- Vicky Leandros
- Labis Livieratos
- Mando
- Kostas Martakis, finalist in Greek Eurovision choice of 2008
- Giorgos Mazonakis
- Irini Merkouri
- Cat Stevens
- George Michael (Georgios Panayiotou), Greek-British pop singer
- Sarbel Michael, represented Greece in the Eurovision Song Contest 2007
- Dimitri Minakakis, former vocalist of The Dillinger Escape Plan
- Vicky Moscholiou
- Nana Mouskouri
- Argyris Nastopoulos
- Apostolos Nikolaidis
- Marika Ninou
- Froso Papaharalambous, of the Greek pop group Hi-5
- Vasilis Papakonstantinou
- Giannis Poulopoulos, popular singer
- Elena Paparizou (aka Helena Paparizou), winner of the Eurovision Song Contest 2005 representing Greece
- Apollo Papathanasio
- Giannis Ploutarxos
- Irini Psyhramiof the Greek pop group Hi-5
- Michalis Rakintzis
- Antonis Remos
- Kostas Roukounas
- Demis Roussos, pop singer, formerly with Vangelis in Aphrodite's Child
- Sakis Rouvas, World Music Award-winning pop/rock singer and entertainer
- Sabrina
- Kalomoira Saranti, Greek American singer who represented Greece in the Eurovision Song Contest 2008
- Elena Souliotis, soprano
- Nansy Stergiopoulou, if the Greek pop group Hi-5
- Paschalis Terzis
- Natassa Theodoridou
- Marios Tokas, composer
- Panos Tserpes
- Babis Tsertos
- Despina Vandi, first Greek artist with a #1 in Billboard (Dance charts-USA); World Music Award winner in 2002
- Alex Varkatzas, Lead singer of metalcore band Atreyu
- Anna Vissi
- Lia Vissi
- Tolis Voskopoulos
- Peggy Zina
- Marianna Zorba
- Theodosia Tsatsou
Tycoons[link]
- Socratis Kokkalis Telecommunications.
- Yiannis Latsis Shipping.
- George Livanos Shipping.
- Stavros Niarchos Shipping.
- Aristotle Onassis Shipping.
- Paris Latsis Shipping.
- John Paul Papanicolaou Shipping.
Writers[link]
Ancient period[link]
- Aeschylus
- Alcaeus
- Alcman
- Anacreon
- Apollodorus
- Apollonius Rhodius
- Aristophanes
- Callimachus
- Cassius Dio
- Euripides
- Eusebius of Caesarea
- Hecataeus of Miletus
- Hecataeus of Abdera
- Hesiod
- Homer
- Longus
- Marcus Annaeus Lucanus, frequently called Lucan
- Menander
- Pausanias
- Pindar
- Plutarch
- Polybius
- Polycarp
- Sappho
- Sophocles
- Theocritus
- Thucydides
Medieval period[link]
- Anna Comnena
- Constantine VII Porphyrogenitus
- Isaac of Nineveh
- John of Damascus
- Michael Psellos
- Procopius
- Zozimus
Modern period[link]
- Aris Alexandrou
- Manolis Anagnostakis
- Iason Athanasiadis
- Constantine P. Cavafy
- Athanasios Christopoulos
- Kiki Dimoula
- Maro Douka
- Odysseus Elytis Winner of the Nobel Prize in Literature 1979
- Andreas Embirikos
- Nikos Engonopoulos
- Jeffrey Eugenides[22]
- Rigas Feraios
- Nikos Gatsos
- Kostis Gimossoulis
- Demetris Th. Gotsis
- Sotiris Kakisis
- Andreas Kalvos
- Iakovos Kambanelis
- M. Karagatsis
- Nikos Karouzos
- Kostas Karyotakis
- Nikos Kavvadias
- Nikos Kazantzakis
- Antigone Kefala
- Yannis Kondos
- Menis Koumantareas
- Dimitris P. Kraniotis
- Napoleon Lapathiotis
- Christoforos Liontakis
- Dimitris Lyacos
- Jenny Mastoraki
- Stratis Myrivilis
- Kostis Palamas
- Alexandros Panagoulis
- Alexandros Papadiamantis
- George Pavlopoulos
- George Pelecanos
- Maria Polydouri
- Lefteris Poulios
- Ioannis Psycharis
- Yannis Ritsos
- Miltos Sachtouris
- David Sedaris
- Giorgos Seferis
- Angelos Sikelianos
- Takis Sinopoulos
- Giannis Skarimpas
- Dionysios Solomos
- Alexandros Soutsos
- Alexis Stamatis
- Theodore Stephanides
- Vassilis Steriadis
- Nanos Valaoritis
- Kostas Varnalis
- Vassilis Vassilikos
- Haris Vlavianos
General[link]
- Manolis Andronikos (1919–1992), archaeologist, discovered the Macedonian tombs in Vergina
- Christodoulos, Archbishop of Athens and all Greece (1998–2008)
- Gianna Angelopoulos-Daskalaki, President of organising committee, Athens 2004 Olympic Games
- Marie Aspioti, M.B.E, distinguished Corfiote magazine publisher and cultural figure who influenced the literary and cultural life of post-war Corfu
- Patriarch Athenagoras, former Patriarch of Constantinople
- Patriarch Bartholomew I of Constantinople, Greek-Orthodox Ecumenical Patriarch
- George Bizos, Greek-South African human rights advocate
- Moisis Michail Bourlas, member of World War II Greek resistance
- Cornelius Castoriadis, economist and philosopher
- Zoe Cruz, co-president of Morgan Stanley
- Michael Dertouzos, internet pioneer
- Odysseas Elytis, poet and Nobel prizewinner
- Mario Frangoulis, opera singer
- Manolis Glezos, World War II veteran, grassroots democracy activist and politician
- Nikos Hadjinikolaou (born 1962), television news anchor, journalist
- Iakovos, Archbishop of America (died 2005), late primate of the Greek-Orthodox Archdiocese of America
- Sir Alec Issigonis, British-Greek creator of the Mini car
- Eleni Konsolaki, archaeologist who researched Methana and the Troezen area in 1990
- Vissarion Korkoliacos (1908–1991), Greek Orthodox monk
- Polyvios Kossivas, bystander who became famous in the 2004 Olympic Games for helping a runner
- Makarios III, Greek Orthodox Archbishop of Cyprus
- Spyridon Marinatos, archaeologist
- Melina Mercouri, actress, singer and politician
- Dimitri Nanopoulos, quantum physicist
- Lefteris Papadopoulos (born 1935), lyricist and journalist
- Dimitris Varos, Poet and journalist
- Dimitris Papaioannou, director and choreographer ; creator of the 2004 Summer Olympics ceremonies
- Andreas Petroulakis, cartoonist
- Saint Philomena, Patron saint of the Children of Mary and Catholic Saint & Martyr
- Nicos Poulantsas, political theorist
- Christopher Nicholas Sarantakos, world known magician and illusionist that created Mindfreak; also known as Criss Angel
- George Sava, entertainment lawyer
- Giorgos Seferis, poet and Nobel prizewinner
- Angelos Sikelianos, poet
- Spyros Skouras, Greek-American movie mogul, president of 20th Century Fox
- Alex Spanos, Greek-American magnate
- Iannis Xenakis, modernist composer
- Panayiotis Zavos, geneticist
- Adamantios Vassilakis, diplomat
Academics[link]
- Constantin Carathéodory, mathematician (1920s)
- Chris Argyris, organisational theorist
- Konstantinos Axelos, 1960s Situationist
- Apostolos Athanassakis, classicist
- Phaedon Avouris, nanotechnologist
- Demetrios Christodoulou, mathematical physicist
- George Constantinides, economist
- Helen Fessas-Emmanouil, architect
- Dimitrios Galanos, Sanskrit translator and Indologist
- Fotis Kafatos, biologist
- Jannis Kallinikos, organisational theorist
- Dimitri Kitsikis, historian, poet
- Dimitri Nanopoulos, quantum physicist
- Nicholas Negroponte, author, IT evangelist and head of MIT Media Lab
- Irena Papadopoulos, author, professor of transcultural nursing
- Christos Papakyriakopoulos, mathematician
- Christos Papadimitriou, Computer Scientist
- George Papanicolaou, biologist
- John S. Paraskevopoulos, astronomer
- Nicholas A. Peppas, Chaired Professor in Engineering, University of Texas at Austin
- Vladimir Triandafillov (Triantafyllidis), Military strategist
- Haridimos Tsoukas, organisational theorist
- George Vithoulkas, teacher of Homeopathic medicine
- Xenophon Zolotas, economist
- Dionisis Vitsos, publisher, writer, translator
See also[link]
- List of ancient Greeks
- List of Greek Americans
- List of Greek Australians
- List of Greek Canadians
- List of Greek Jews
- List of people by nationality
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
References[link]
- ^ [1] "And when I saw the film recently and saw George Chakiris, this beautiful guy, Greek guy." [2] "Chakiris, the son of Greek immigrants, opposes race based casting."
- ^ [3] [4] "Chiklis got his acting talent from his mother, Kate... his flamboyance from his father, Charlie, a macho second-generation Greek-American who runs a hair salon in the Boston suburb of Lowell, where Chiklis was born."
- ^ [5] "Olympia Dukakis, Greek-American stage and film actress... will discuss the impact of her Greek-American heritage on her career, as well as past performances, particularly her lead role in the ancient tragedy "Hecuba."" [6] "The daughter of Greek immigrants..."
- ^ [7] "Fey's mother is Greek-American and her father is German-Scottish, but she's wary of claiming an ethnic identity. "I’ve said a few things about being Greek, and now every Greek organization wants to adopt me," Fey told me." [8] "Because of the Greek-girl thing, I have, like, boobs and butt."
- ^ [9] "Angie Harmon: "It would be shaping my eyebrows. Being half Greek and half American Indian, I have the unibrow. So once I started working on them, I really did see a change. You create another kind of beauty.""
- ^ [10] "My grandfather always told me, "You know you're American first, but you're a Greek-American, which makes you a better American.""
- ^ [11] "The son of a Greek Orthodox priest (note: Orthodox priests can marry prior to ordination) and a nutritionist, Martin grew up with his brother and sister in Toms River, New Jersey. His parents co-owned a Greek diner with his grandparents and uncle. Martin, the prototypical "good Greek boy," served as an altar boy at church and bused tables at the restaurant."
- ^ [12] "The stunning Maria Menounos had no problem getting her Greek on for our photo shoot, but her heritage hasn’t always been easy for her. "My dad was very strict," she says. "A guy would call the house and he would say, ‘I have a gun, and I will use it!’"... My parents said I had to marry a Greek boy. I dated them, but they weren’t for me. They want slaves. I want someone to be my slave! My mom still puts my dad's socks on him when she wakes him up in the morning."
- ^ [13] "It never occurred to me that Chris Sarandon is Greek (for those that don't know, Tarpon Springs is an ethnic Greek community located just north of St. Petersburg), until I thought about it – he very much looks Greek, later explaining that his father was from a "Greek village in Turkey"."
- ^ [14] "As far as religion goes, we were raised Greek Orthodox..." [15] "My father's mother, our grandmother, lived with us for a while. She didn't speak any English. She was all Greek and she was freaky. She had long hair, which she wore in braids..." [16]
- ^ [17] "A raven haired beauty who is equal parts Greek passion and English reserve"
- ^ [18] "John is also Greek and part Irish." [19] "John Stamos' original family name is Stamopolous, which was shortened by his grandparents when they came to America from Greece."
- ^ http://movies.about.com/od/rumorhasit/a/rumorms121905.htm "Well we’re both Greek, which is a shoe-in right there." http://www.usaweekend.com/01_issues/010121/010121suvari.html "Mena, the world traveler: Part Estonian and part Greek, Suvari was named for her godmother, who was born in the Mena House, a hotel at the base of the Pyramids in Egypt."
- ^ [20]. "My mother is Greek and my father is Bulgarian. I am a first-generation American and native Los Angeleno. I was born and raised in Hollywood. I would go to school and be American and then come home and be Greek." [21] "Father: worked at a racetrack; changed family name from Ibrahimoff to Wilson, selecting the name from the street on which they lived in Southern California; a Greek-Pomak who was born in Greece but raised in Bulgaria; lived in Turkey before emigrating to the USA.[22] Her mother Dorothy Wilson was born and raised in a Greek village on the Albanian border. [23] "Tom Hanks' wife Rita Wilson is of Greek origin and took her family to see this one-woman act. She loved it so much that she went again, this time with her husband. Tom Hanks was so impressed that he offered to produce the movie. His production company Playtone Productions has produced My Big Fat Greek Wedding."
- ^ "Billy Zane Interview"BloodRayne"Movie: Tim Nasson". Wildaboutmovies.com. 27 December 2005. http://www.wildaboutmovies.com/interviews/BillyZaneInterviewBloodRayneMovieTimNasson.php. Retrieved 18 June 2009.
- ^ [24] "Greek-American entertainer Lisa Zane"
- ^ Από τη Βόρειο Ηπειρο στο Σύμπαν: (in Greek) «Οχι, δεν είμαι Πελοποννήσιος. Γεννήθηκα και μεγάλωσα στην Αθήνα, αλλά είμαι Βορειοηπειρώτης και μάλιστα Βλάχος. Νάκας ήταν το αυθεντικό επώνυμο του παππού μου προτού φύγουμε από την Αλβανία»
- ^ [25] "I'm Greek, so we have pretty big booties in my family." [26] "I'm Greek and Irish, but I don't know Greek. I just have the booty, that's the only part I got of it, that's the curve of it all."
- ^ [27] "Greek conductor and composer"
- ^ [28] "the half-Greek, half-Puerto Rican kid"
- ^ [29] "This website is dedicated to preserving the musical memory of the late, great, Tatiana Troyanos, Greek-American Mezzo-Soprano"
- ^ [30] "Eugenides is himself Greek-American, Detroit-born, suburb-raised-- all sources of inspiration for his second novel."
http://wn.com/List_of_Greeks
Related pages:
http://id.wn.com/Daftar tokoh Yunani
This page contains text from Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Greeks
This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, which means that you can copy and modify it as long as the entire work (including additions) remains under this license.
This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, which means that you can copy and modify it as long as the entire work (including additions) remains under this license.
This article is about the fictional character. For the theater, see Greek Theatre (Los Angeles).
| The Greek | |
|---|---|
| 250px | |
| First appearance | "Ebb Tide" (episode 2.01) |
| Last appearance | "–30–" (episode 5.10) |
| Created by | David Simon |
| Portrayed by | Bill Raymond |
| Information | |
| Gender | Male |
| Occupation | International smuggling/Organized Crime Boss |
The Greek is a fictional character on the HBO drama The Wire, played by actor Bill Raymond. The Greek is the head of an international criminal organization involved in narcotics and human trafficking.[1] The Greek is a mysterious figure involved in numerous criminal activities. His given name is never mentioned on the show, and though he is known only as "The Greek", he has stated (in the episode Port in a Storm) that he is not actually Greek. A quiet and unassuming man, the Greek prefers to keep a low profile, operating all of his business through his lieutenant Spiros "Vondas" Vondopoulos. His smuggling organization operated from a small diner in Baltimore for years, and while Vondas would conduct business the Greek would listen in quietly at the counter. Nick Sobotka, upon seeing the Greek identify himself, was amazed that the shadowy figure had been in plain sight the entire time.
Despite his calm appearance, the Greek is cunning and ruthless, and only interested in facts that make him more money. Series creator David Simon has said that The Greek is an embodiment of raw unencumbered capitalism.[2] Anyone interfering in this process is eliminated immediately, and he prefers to leave victims headless and handless to hinder identification.
The Greek's smuggling operation includes importing sex trade workers, illicit drugs, stolen goods and chemicals for drug processing. He bribes union stevedores to move containers through the Baltimore port for him and uses his muscle, Sergei "Serge" Malatov, to run containers back and forth from the port to his warehouse, a front managed by "Double G" Glekas. The Greek supplies the major drug dealers in East Baltimore with pure cocaine and heroin, using Eton Ben-Eleazer to move his drugs. His chief client is Proposition Joe, but he is also affiliated with smaller drug dealing organizations like those run by "White Mike" McArdle. His sex trade interests in Baltimore include a brothel run by a madam named Ilona Petrovitch, bringing in girls from eastern Europe. He manages to avoid prosecution for his crimes because an FBI counter-terrorism agent named Kristos Koutris tips him off if a criminal investigation gets too close. It is suggested he and Vondas may serve as federal informants.
Contents |
Biography[link]
Season 2[link]
The Greek began to draw police attention in Baltimore when his contact at the docks, Frank Sobotka, became the target of an investigation. At the same time a container of thirteen dead young women intended for the sex trade was discovered at the docks, triggering a high-profile homicide investigation. The container belonged to the Greek and the girls were killed by a crewman onboard the vessel that had delivered them. The ship's crew had been paying the girls for sex and when one of the girls refused, she was killed. The crewman responsible dumped her overboard and collapsed the air pipe to kill the remaining women. The Greek had Sergei track the crewman down, interrogated him personally, and had Vondas kill him.
As the investigation continued the police were able to link Eton and Sergei to the drug smuggling operation. When police began tracking containers as they left the port, The Greek and Vondas began to close down the operation temporarily by dumping their cell phones and stealing "clean" containers. Persuading Sobotka to keep the smuggling operation going he bought further protection from Agent Koutris by betraying a load of Colombian cocaine, giving him time to destroy incriminating evidence in the warehouse and Glekas' store.
The Greek recognized that the investigation was too extensive to stop and made plans to leave, sending Vondas to assure Proposition Joe that supply of drugs would continue albeit with new faces. He attempted to buy Sobotka's silence with promised legal aid for his son, but when he learned from Koutris that Frank was planning to turn informant he had the union man killed. Although Frank's nephew Nick Sobotka was able to identify The Greek in a photo and Sergei was pressured to give up the location of his hotel suite, Vondas and the Greek had already boarded a flight to Chicago. Aware that the Greek and Vondas were gone, the police left the investigation behind and moved on to the drug dealers he supplied.
Seasons 4 & 5[link]
The Greek continued to supply "Proposition Joe" Stewart, who formed an organization with other drug dealers called the New Day Co-Op to provide The Greek's product to them in exchange for reduced violence and sharing of territory. When Omar Little steals an entire shipment of heroin from the Greek's men as it is being delivered to Stewart's people, Marlo Stanfield demands a meeting with Spiros "Vondas" Vondopoulos in order to allay his fears that Stewart was responsible.[3][4] Once Stanfield is satisfied, he waits for the Major Crimes Unit's investigation into his activities to cease and then moves to establish a direct relationship with Vondas and the Greek. After getting in communication with Vondas through former soldier Sergei,[5][6] Marlo eventually sells himself as Joe's replacement by convincing the Greek that he requires an insurance policy in the form of a replacement for Proposition Joe, in the event that anything should happen to him. Realizing that Stanfield will move against Stewart regardless of his approval, the Greek accepts Marlo's proposal to act as an "insurance policy," knowing that it will mean Joe's death.[7][8]
After Stewart's murder, Stanfield meets with Vondas to initiate their new business relationship.[9][10] Stanfield's tenure proves short lived when he is forced into retirement by an investigation, and the other Co-Op members purchase the connection from Stanfield. In the closing scenes of the series finale, Slim Charles and Fat-Face Rick take over meeting with Vondas while the Greek listens quietly in the background.[11][12]
References[link]
- ^ "Character profile - The Greek". HBO. 2004. http://www.hbo.com/thewire/cast/characters/port/the_greek.shtml. Retrieved 2006-08-16.
- ^ Meghan O'Rourke (2006). "Behind The Wire". Slate. http://www.slate.com/id/2154694/pagenum/all/. Retrieved 2008-03-10.
- ^ Ernest Dickerson; David Simon (story and teleplay), Ed Burns (story) (2004-12-10). "Final Grades". The Wire. episode 13. season 4. HBO.
- ^ "The Wire episode guide - episode 50 Final Grades". HBO. 2006. http://www.hbo.com/thewire/episode/season4/episode50.shtml. Retrieved 2007-10-17.
- ^ Ernest Dickerson; William F. Zorzi (story and teleplay), David Simon (story) (2008-01-13). "Unconfirmed Reports". The Wire. episode 2. season 5. HBO.
- ^ "The Wire episode guide - episode 52 Uncomfirmed Reports". HBO. 2008. http://www.hbo.com/thewire/episode/season5/episode52.shtml. Retrieved 2008-01-22.
- ^ Dan Attias; Ed Burns (story and teleplay), David Simon (story) (2008-01-27). "Transitions". The Wire. episode 4. season 5. HBO.
- ^ "The Wire episode guide - episode 54 Transitions". HBO. 2008. http://www.hbo.com/thewire/episode/season5/episode54.shtml. Retrieved 2008-02-05.
- ^ Agnieszka Holland; David Mills (story and teleplay), David Simon (story) (2008-02-03). "React Quotes". The Wire. episode 5. season 5. HBO.
- ^ "The Wire episode guide - episode 55 React Quotes". HBO. 2008. http://www.hbo.com/thewire/episode/season5/episode55.shtml. Retrieved 2008-02-05.
- ^ Clark Johnson; David Simon (story and teleplay), Ed Burns (story) (2008-03-09). "-30-". The Wire. episode 10. season 5. HBO.
- ^ "The Wire episode guide - episode 60 –30–". HBO. 2008. http://www.hbo.com/thewire/episode/season5/episode60.shtml. Retrieved 2008-03-10.
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
http://wn.com/The_Greek
This page contains text from Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Greek
This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, which means that you can copy and modify it as long as the entire work (including additions) remains under this license.
This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, which means that you can copy and modify it as long as the entire work (including additions) remains under this license.
.svg){kind=link}
