The free church movement was a religious movement established to do away with the system of pew rents within the Christian church, wherein persons or families rented or bought the title to a particular church pew.
The ''Free Church'' is a pattern that evolved in the Americas, while much of Europe maintains some government involvement in religion and churches via taxation to support them and by appointing ministers and bishops etc., although free churches have been founded in Europe outside of the state system
Protestant historians would typically argue that this is historically what the Christian church was before Emperor Constantine, and did not appear again until the Protestant Reformation in groups such as the Calvinists and some particular radical movements such as the Anabaptists.
;in Europe
;in Germany
;in Iceland
;in Norway
;in Scotland
;in South Africa
;in the United States
Category:Christian terms Category:Protestantism
da:Frikirke de:Freikirche it:Libera Chiesa lt:Laisvųjų krikščionių bažnyčia hu:Szabadegyházak ja:自由教会 no:Frikirker nn:Frikyrkje nds:Freekark pl:Kościół wolny fi:Vapaakirkko sv:FrikyrkaThis text is licensed under the Creative Commons CC-BY-SA License. This text was originally published on Wikipedia and was developed by the Wikipedia community.
name | Aaron Riley |
---|---|
birth date | December 09, 1980 |
birth place | Tell City, Indiana, United States |
nationality | American |
height | |
weight | |
reach | |
team | Jackson's Submission Fighting |
mma kowin | 5 |
mma subwin | 14 |
mma decwin | 11 |
mma koloss | 6 |
mma subloss | 2 |
mma decloss | 4 |
mma draw | 1 |
updated | }} |
Aaron Matthew Riley (born December 9, 1980) is an American mixed martial arts fighter who currently teaches MMA and Muay Thai at Jeff Gordon's Mixed Martial Arts Academy in Gaithersburg, Maryland. He competes in the Lightweight Division.
Riley afterwards faced TUF 8 cast member Shane Nelson at UFC 96, losing by a controversial technical knockout. A rematch was scheduled immediately, for UFC 101, which Riley won by unanimous decision. A few weeks after the match, Riley was already in talks for facing TUF 9 lightweight winner Ross Pearson at UFC 105. At UFC 105 he was defeated by Ross Pearson by TKO in the second round.After the fight got stopped in the second round after a flying knee to the head; doctors viewed the cuts on Riley's face, and came to the conclusion that he was unable to continue.
Riley then defeated Joe Brammer on the undercard of UFC 114 via unanimous decision.
Riley was expected to face UFC newcomer Pat Audinwood at UFC 119, but Riley was forced from the card with an injury and replaced by Thiago Tavares.
Riley is expected to face Tony Ferguson on September 24, 2011 at UFC 135.
Category:American mixed martial artists Category:Living people Category:1980 births
ja:アーロン・ライリーThis text is licensed under the Creative Commons CC-BY-SA License. This text was originally published on Wikipedia and was developed by the Wikipedia community.
Name | Lisa Gerrard |
---|---|
Background | solo_singer |
Birth name | Lisa Gerrard |
Origin | Melbourne, Australia |
Birth date | April 12, 1961 |
Genre | Neoclassical, New Age, Ethereal Wave, Gothic rock |
Occupation | ComposerSingerMusician |
Years active | 1981–present |
Instrument | VocalsYangqinAccordion |
Label | Gerrard Records |
Associated acts | Dead Can Dance |
Website | Lisa Gerrard }} |
Lisa Gerrard (born 12 April 1961) is an Australian musician, singer, and composer who rose to prominence as part of the music group Dead Can Dance with former music partner Brendan Perry.
Since her career began in 1981, she has been involved in a wide range of projects. Gerrard received a Golden Globe Award for the music score to the film ''Gladiator'', on which she collaborated with Hans Zimmer. In addition to singing, she is an instrumentalist for much of her work, most prolifically using the yangqin (a Chinese hammered dulcimer).
Gerrard's first foray into forming bands and creative music-making was the highly experimental Little Band scene. It was at one of these little band events that she first met Dead Can Dance cofounder Brendan Perry. Perry recalls, "It never occurred to me that we would one day collaborate musically together because at the time I thought her music was too avant garde. I particularly remember one song that she sang about finding a man in the park and asking her mother if she could bring him home to keep in her wardrobe as she attacked this chinese dulcimer with two bamboo sticks."
In 1995 Gerrard recorded and released her first solo album ''The Mirror Pool''. After the release of this album, she continued to work with Dead Can Dance, releasing their final album, ''Spiritchaser'', in 1996. Following this, in 1998 she recorded ''Duality'' in collaboration with Pieter Bourke. This album would mark the beginning of an extensive collaboration together for a number of film scores, including ''The Insider'' and ''Ali''. Gerrard began a new collaboration with Patrick Cassidy in 2004 with the release of ''Immortal Memory''. Again, this collaboration was furthered in film work, including ''Salem's Lot''.
The following year in 2005, Gerrard contributed to the ''Ashes and Snow Soundtrack.'' For the songs "Womb" and "Wisdom," Gerrard and Patrick Cassidy wrote and performed together. Gerrard's collaboration with Cassidy extended to include work with conductor Julie Rogers on the songs "Devota" and "Vespers."
In 2006, ''Sanctuary'', a documentary about the life and work of Lisa Gerrard, was recorded and released in September 2006. It is the work of multi-skilled producer/director Clive Collier and features extensive interviews with Lisa Gerrard and various people who have collaborated and worked with her in the past including Michael Mann, Russell Crowe, Hans Zimmer, and Niki Caro. The documentary was released on DVD by Milan Entertainment on 24 April 2007.
In the same year, Lisa Gerrard released her second solo album ''The Silver Tree''. This album was markedly different from her previous work and was also her first album released outside of 4AD Records. The album was first released on iTunes, with a wider physical release planned at a future date. The album was nominated for the Australian Music Prize for 2006. It is currently shortlisted as one out of nine of the best Australian albums. In 2007 a retrospective album ''The Best of Lisa Gerrard'', a compilation of fifteen songs, was released covering her career in Dead Can Dance, solo work, and film work.
A world tour was undertaken in 2007 beginning in April in Melbourne, Australia. This tour marked the first time Lisa Gerrard had toured in Australia, with a performance in three cities. The tour was followed by performances in Europe and North America. More performances took place in Europe and Russia from 30 October to 22 November 2007. In November 2007, Lisa Gerrard collaborated with German electronic musician Klaus Schulze on the double-album ''Farscape''. The album was released 27 July 2008 and was followed by a European tour.
In 2009 Lisa Gerrard completed work on the documentary by Australian adventurer Tim Cope called On the Trail of Genghis Khan and contributed her voice to the soundtrack, which began airing in 2010, of the Japanese NHK taiga drama ''Ryōmaden'', a story based on the life of Sakamoto Ryoma. Also in 2009, Lisa Gerrard created her own record label, Gerrard Records, which, aside from being a conduit for the release of Gerrard's future works will also act to promote and support unrecognised artists of all genres. In September 2009, Gerrard and Klaus Schulze performed another tour in six European cities - Warsaw, Berlin, Amsterdam, Essen, Paris, and Brussels. This tour coincided with the release of ''Come Quietly'', a joint project between Gerrard and Schulze that was released during the tour.
Lisa Gerrard released her third solo album, ''The Black Opal'' in October 2009. The album included collaboration with Michael Edwards, Patrick Cassidy, Pieter Bourke, and James Orr and was the first release to come from Gerrard Records.
In 2010 Gerrard released a new album with fellow composer Marcello De Francisci titled "Departum" from Gerrard Records which was followed by the release of three new singles; "Coming Home" - as featured in ''Legend of the Guardians: The Owls of Ga'Hoole'', "Entry" and "Come This Way".
Gerrard also collaborated with Prash Mistry from "Engine Earz Experiment" on a track titled "Spirit Guide" which will appear on his upcoming album in 2011.
On 1 December 2010 Gerrard capped off a busy 2010 with the release of a new soundtrack album with Cye Wood titled "The Trail of Genghis Khan" which contains music from the Gerrard/Wood score to the documentary TV series by Australian adventurer Tim Cope.
Lisa Gerrard has a contralto vocal range. Her vocals have been variously described as rich, jaw-dropping, deep, dark, mournful and unique. Her vocals spans into the dramatic mezzo-soprano range on ''The Host of Seraphim'', ''Elegy'', ''Space Weaver'' and ''Come This Way''. Gerrard performs in the dramatic contralto range on the other songs, ''Sanvean'', ''Sacrifice'', ''Largo'' and ''Not Yet'',
Gerrard sings many of her songs, such as ''Now We Are Free'', ''Come Tenderness'', ''Serenity'', ''The Valley of the Moon'', ''Tempest'', ''Pilgrimage of Lost Children'', ''Coming Home'' and ''Sanvean'' in an idioglossia (an idiosyncratic language) that she has developed since the age of twelve.
Lisa Gerrard's first experience in composing music for a film came with the 1989 Spanish film ''El Niño de la Luna'', directed by Agustín Villaronga. The film score was composed by Dead Can Dance and the film featured Lisa Gerrard in her first acting role. ''El Niño de la Luna'' describes the story of David, a young orphan with special powers, escaping an institution with the help of a fellow institute inmate, Georgina, played by Lisa Gerrard.
Gerrard participated in a number of musical scores but came to fame as a film composer after recording ''The Insider'' in 1999, with Pieter Bourke, and ''Gladiator'' in 2000, with Hans Zimmer, which received an Academy Award nomination for best music score, although only Zimmer was nominated. It did, however, win a Golden Globe Award for both composers. Gerrard's score for the New Zealand independent film ''Whale Rider'' consisted entirely of solo material; a soundtrack album was released by 4AD.
In 2005 Gerrard collaborated with Ennio Morricone for ''Fateless'' followed by a collaboration with Jeff Rona on the score for the feature film "A Thousand Roads" and the song ''On an Ocean'' for the ''Henry Poole Is Here'' score. Gerrard along with Dead Can Dance also provided several contributions to the soundtrack of ''Baraka'', a visual journey showcasing mankind's impact on our planet. Gerrard was also invited by Denez Prigent to collaborate with him on his piece "Gortoz a ran - J'attends" (meaning "I await"), a piece that was later used in the soundtrack of Ridley Scott's film ''Black Hawk Down''.
In 2009 Lisa Gerrard wrote the score for ''Balibo'', for which she won a Best Feature Film Score award at the ''2009 APRA Screen Music Awards'' and an Aria Award for Best Original Soundtrack/Cast/Show Album at the ''2009 Aria Awards''. Gerrard finished 2009 by contributing her voice to the theme song for the Japanese NHK taiga drama ''Ryōmaden'', which began airing in 2010.
In 2010 Gerrard completed the score for "Tears of Gaza" with Marcello De Francisci which was well received despite its controversial theme. Gerrard also scored the Jim Loach directed ''Oranges and Sunshine'' starring Emily Watson and Hugo Weaving released in April 2011.
In November 2010 Gerrard provided vocals and additional music for the post-apocalyptic sci-fi thriller ''Priest'' scored by Christopher Young which was released in 2011.
Category:1961 births Category:Living people Category:4AD artists Category:Australian female singers Category:Contraltos Category:Female film score composers Category:Australian film score composers Category:Australian composers Category:Australian women composers Category:Women composers Category:Musicians from Melbourne Category:Mission: Impossible music Category:Australian people of Irish descent
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