Mountain Time Zone
MST or UTC−07
UTC offset
MST	UTC−7:00
MDT	UTC−6:00
Current time (Refresh the clock.)
MDT	1:08 pm on 26 Jun 2012
MST	12:08 pm on 26 Jun 2012
Obsevance of DST
DST is observed in certain regions of this time zone between the 2nd Sunday in March and the 1st Sunday in November.
DST began	11 Mar 2012
DST ends	4 Nov 2012

The Mountain Time Zone of North America keeps time by subtracting seven hours from Coordinated Universal Time, also known as Greenwich Mean Time, during the shortest days of autumn and winter (UTC−07), and by subtracting six hours during daylight saving time in the spring, summer, and early autumn (UTC−06). The clock time in this zone is based on the mean solar time of the 105th meridian west of the Greenwich Observatory.

In the United States and Canada, this time zone is generically called Mountain Time (MT). Specifically, it is Mountain Standard Time (MST) when observing standard time (winter), and Mountain Daylight Time (MDT) when observing daylight saving time (spring, summer, fall). The term refers to the fact that the Rocky Mountains, which range from northwestern Canada to the US state of New Mexico, are located almost entirely in the time zone. In Mexico this time is known as the Pacific Zone. In the USA, the exact specification for the location of time zones and the dividing line between zones is set forth in the Code of Federal Regulations at 49 CFR 71.^a

The zone is one hour ahead of the Pacific Time Zone and one hour behind the Central Time Zone.

In some areas, starting in 2007, the local time changes from MST to MDT at 2:00 am LST to 3:00 am LDT on the second Sunday in March and returns at 2:00 am LDT to 1:00 am LST on the first Sunday in November.

Most of Arizona does not observe daylight saving time, and during the spring, summer, and autumn months it is on the same time as Pacific Daylight Time. The Navajo Nation, most of which lies within Arizona, does observe daylight saving time, although the Hopi Nation, as well as some Arizona state offices lying within the Navajo Nation, do not.

The largest city in the Mountain Time Zone is Phoenix, Arizona, and its metropolitan area is the largest in the zone.

TV broadcasting in the Mountain Time Zone is typically tape-delayed one hour, so that shows match the broadcast times of the Central Time Zone (i.e. prime time begins at 7:00 pm MT following the same order of programming as the other two time zones).

Canada[link]

The following provinces and areas are part of the Mountain Time Zone:

• Alberta
• the Northwest Territories (except for Tungsten)
• most of the Kitikmeot Region of Nunavut
• portions of southeastern and northeastern British Columbia
• the area of Saskatchewan immediately surrounding the city of Lloydminster

Mexico[link]

The following states have the same time as Mountain Time Zone:

• Baja California Sur
• Chihuahua
• Nayarit: Except from the Bahía de Banderas municipality which uses the Central time zone.
• Sonora - no daylight saving time, always on MST.
• Sinaloa
• Revillagigedo Islands (Colima): three of the four islands have the same time as Mountain Time Zone, Isla Socorro, San Benedicto Island and Roca Partida.

United States[link]

The following states or areas are part of the Mountain Time Zone:

• Arizona - no daylight saving time, always on MST (winter time), except in the Navajo Nation.
• Colorado
• Montana
• New Mexico
• Wyoming
• Utah
• Idaho - southern half, south of Salmon River
• Oregon - northern three quarters of Malheur County, on Idaho border
• North Dakota - southwestern quadrant, southwest of (Missouri River)
• South Dakota - western half
• Nebraska - western third
• Kansas - only the counties of Sherman, Wallace, Greeley and Hamilton, all of which border Colorado. The remaining three counties which border Colorado--Cheyenne, Morton and Stanton--observe Central Standard Time, as do all other Kansas counties.
• Texas - the two westernmost counties (Hudspeth, El Paso) and a portion of Culberson County
• Nevada - the border towns of West Wendover (near Utah) and Jackpot (near Idaho)

Also, the unincorporated community of Kenton, Oklahoma, located in the extreme western end of the Oklahoma Panhandle, unofficially observes Mountain Time (as the nearest sizeable towns are located in Colorado and New Mexico, both of which are in the Mountain Time Zone). However, the entire state of Oklahoma is officially in the Central Time Zone.

Arizona does not observe daylight saving time. However, the Navajo Nation, the bulk of whose area is within Arizona, observes daylight saving time throughout its territory. The Hopi Reservation, an enclave inside the Navajo Nation, does not observe daylight saving time.

IANA time zone database[link]

The file zone.tab from the IANA time zone database contains the following zones for the US Mountain Time Zone:

Major metropolitan areas[link]

• Albuquerque, New Mexico
• Billings, Montana
• Boise, Idaho
• Calgary, Alberta
• Chihuahua, Chihuahua
• Ciudad Juárez, Chihuahua
• Cranbrook, British Columbia
• Edmonton, Alberta
• El Paso, Texas
• Fort McMurray, Alberta
• Front Range, Colorado/Wyoming — north to south:
  • Cheyenne, Wyoming
  • Fort Collins, Colorado
  • Denver, Colorado
  • Colorado Springs, Colorado
  • Pueblo, Colorado
• La Paz, Baja California Sur
• Las Cruces, New Mexico
• Lethbridge, Alberta
• Phoenix, Arizona*
• Rapid City, South Dakota
• Red Deer, Alberta
• Santa Fe, New Mexico
• Tucson, Arizona
• Wasatch Front, Utah — north to south:
  • Ogden
  • Salt Lake City
  • Provo
• Yellowknife, Northwest Territories

*- Largest city in time zone

See also[link]

• Effects of time on North American broadcasting

Notes[link]

^a The specification for the Mountain Time Zone in the United States is set forth at 49 CFR 71.8.^[1][2] The boundary between Central and Mountain time zones is set forth at 49 CFR 71.7,^[3][4] and the boundary between Mountain and Pacific time zones is set forth at 49 CFR 71.9.^[5][6]

References[link]

1. ^ "49 CFR 71.8 Mountain zone" (txt), Code of Federal Regulations, http://edocket.access.gpo.gov/cfr_2008/octqtr/49cfr71.8.htm, retrieved 7 October 2011 
2. ^ "49 CFR 71.8 Mountain zone" (pdf), Code of Federal Regulations, http://edocket.access.gpo.gov/cfr_2008/octqtr/pdf/49cfr71.8.pdf, retrieved 7 October 2011 
3. ^ "49 CFR 71.7 Boundary line between central and mountain zones", Code of Federal Regulations, http://edocket.access.gpo.gov/cfr_2008/octqtr/49cfr71.7.htm, retrieved 7 October 2011 
4. ^ "49 CFR 71.7 Boundary line between central and mountain zones" (pdf), Code of Federal Regulations, http://edocket.access.gpo.gov/cfr_2008/octqtr/pdf/49cfr71.7.pdf, retrieved 7 October 2011 
5. ^ "49 CFR 71.9 Boundary line between mountain and Pacific zones", Code of Federal Regulations, http://edocket.access.gpo.gov/cfr_2008/octqtr/49cfr71.9.htm, retrieved 7 October 2011 
6. ^ "49 CFR 71.9 Boundary line between mountain and Pacific zones" (pdf), Code of Federal Regulations, http://edocket.access.gpo.gov/cfr_2008/octqtr/pdf/49cfr71.9.pdf, retrieved 7 October 2011 

Sources[link]

• World time zone map
• U.S. time zone map
• History of U.S. time zones and UTC conversion
• Canada time zone map
• Time zones for major world cities
• The official U.S. time for the Mountain Time Zone (except Arizona)
• The official U.S. time for the Mountain Time Zone (Arizona)
• Official times across Canada
• Official times across Mexico

Time zones present

Standard time is the result of synchronizing clocks in different geographical locations within a time zone to the same time rather than using the local meridian as in local mean time or solar time. Historically, this helped in the process of weather forecasting and train travel. The concept became established in the late 19th century. The time so set has come to be defined in terms of offsets from Universal Time. Where daylight saving time is used, the term standard time typically refers to the time without daylight saving time.

The adoption of Standard Time, because of the inseparable correspondence between time and longitude, solidified the concepts of halving the globe into an eastern and western hemisphere, with one Prime Meridian (as well its opposite International Dateline) replacing the various Prime Meridians that were in use.

History of standard time[link]

Great Britain[link]

A standardized time system was first used by British railways on December 11, 1847, when they switched from local mean time to Greenwich Mean Time (GMT). It was also given the name Railway time reflecting the important role the railway companies played in bringing it about. The vast majority of Great Britain's public clocks were being synchronised using GMT by 1855.

North America[link]

Prior to 1883, local mean time was used throughout North America, resulting in an inordinate number of local times. This caused convoluted regional and national train schedules. In 1870, Charles F. Dowd proposed four time zones based on the meridian through Washington, DC for North American railroads.^[1] In 1872, he recommended the Greenwich meridian. Sandford Fleming, a Canadian, proposed worldwide Standard Time at a meeting of the Royal Canadian Institute on February 8, 1879. Cleveland Abbe advocated standard time in order to more effectively coordinate international weather observations and resultant weather forecasts, which had previously been coordinated using local solar time. He recommended the concept of four time zones across the contiguous United States, based upon Greenwich Mean Time, in 1879.^[2] On October 11, 1883, the heads of the major railroads met in Chicago at the former Grand Pacific Hotel^[3] to adopt their own Standard Time System of five standard time zones for the continental U.S.A. and Canada. The new system was adopted by most states within one year after railroads did so. At noon on November 18, 1883, the U.S. Naval Observatory changed its telegraphic signals to correspond to the change.^{[citation needed]} The Standard Time Act of 1918 established standard time in time zones in U.S. law as well as daylight saving time (DST). The daylight savings time law was repealed in 1919 over a presidential veto, but reestablished nationally during World War II.^[4][5]

In 2007 the United States enacted a federal law formalizing the use of Coordinated Universal Time as the basis of standard time, and the role of the Secretary of Commerce (effectively, the National Institute of Standards and Technology) and the Secretary of the Navy (effectively, the U.S. Naval Observatory) in interpreting standard time.^[6]

See also[link]

• Time zone
• Universal Time
• Daylight saving time
• International Meridian Conference of 1884
• Mecca Time

References[link]

Further reading[link]

• Ian R. Bartky (January 1989). "The adoption of standard time". Technology and Culture 30 (1): 25–56. DOI:10.2307/3105430. JSTOR 3105430. 
• Eviatar Zerubavel (July 1982). "The standardization of time: a sociohistorical perspective". The American Journal of Sociology 88 (1): 1–23. DOI:10.1086/227631. JSTOR 2779401. 
• "World Time Scales". National Institute of Standards and Technology Physics Laboratory. 2002. Archived from the original on July 29, 1997. http://web.archive.org/web/19970729054246/http://physics.nist.gov/GenInt/Time/world.html. Retrieved August 26, 1997. 

Jeff Austin (born in Arlington Heights, Illinois^[1]) is a mandolinist and singer best known for being a part of the Yonder Mountain String Band.

Although Austin was born in Arlington Heights, he grew up in Elk Grove, Illinois and attended Rolling Meadows High School.^[1] Austin attended the University of Cincinnati, but soon made his way to Urbana, Illinois, where he met future banjoist Dave Johnston. Receiving a request from Johnston to perform in his band The Bluegrassholes, Austin picked up the mandolin for the first time. After some time, Austin moved to Nederland, Colorado;^[2] Johnston, after seeking improvement in his playing ability, also moved to Nederland. While attending a club called the Verve, Austin met Adam Aijala and Ben Kaufmann, with whom he and Johnston would form the Yonder Mountain String Band.^[2]

Side Projects[link]

In February 2006, Austin recorded Rex (Live at the Fillmore), a live album under the band name Grateful Grass featuring fellow musicians Keller Williams and Keith Moseley (The String Cheese Incident). Available only for digital download, the album features non-traditional bluegrass versions of songs by the Grateful Dead with 100% of the proceeds going to the Rex Foundation.^[3]

Austin has recently joined forces with Brendan Bayliss of Umphrey's Mcgee to form a group called 30db. They are putting out a new album called "One Man Show" on May 11, 2010 as well as having a small 7 show tour in May 2010 to promote the new album. Joining them on tour will be Cody Dickinson from the North Mississippi Allstars, Nick Forster from the bluegrass band Hot Rize, and Boulder based Eric Thorin.

References[link]

External links[link]

• Yonder Mountain String Band Official Homepage