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Dong Haichuan (Chinese: 董海川; pinyin: Dǒng Hǎichuān) was born on 13 October 1797 (or 1813) in Zhu village, Ju Jia Wu Township, Wen'an County, Hebei Province, China and died on 25 October 1882 in Beijing. He is regarded as a skillful martial artist and is widely credited to be the founder of Baguazhang^[1]. Most, if not all, existing schools of Baguazhang place Dong Haichuan at the beginning of their lineage.

Biography[link]

As a child and young man he intensely trained in the martial arts of his village. The arts were probably Shaolin-based and may have included Bafanshan (a possible precursor to Fanziquan), Hongquan, Xingmenquan, and Jingangquan. These were the arts being taught in and around Dong’s village at this time^[2]. Alternatively, Dong is sometimes said to have learned and practiced Erlangquan, Luohanquan, or other arts.

His family is thought to have been so poor, at some point around 1853, Dong left Hebei Province to seek work elsewhere. By many accounts he is described as spending his youth travelling, penniless, and often getting in trouble. But he, even by his own claims, continued to study martial arts intensely during his travels. Where, by whom, and what he was taught, varies depending on the source. But it is generally accepted that, during this time, Dong studied Taoist training methods that included some kind of circle walking practice. He synthesized his previous experience with his village arts, what he had learned in his travels, and his Taoist studies to create a unique art originally called Zhuanzhang (Turning Palms). Zhuanzhang in later years became called Baguazhang.

Around 1864 Dong arrived in Beijing and was hired as a servant at the residence of the Prince Su. Later Prince Su gave him the job of tax collector. Dong and his top student Yin Fu went to Mongolia to collect taxes, where he spent ten years. Upon his return he left the prince's employ and began to teach publicly, giving up all other occupations to fully devote himself to developing and teaching Baguazhang.

The nature of what he taught is generally disputed. Some believe that he consistently taught only the first three of eight palms (Single Change Palm, Double Change Palm and Smooth Body Palm) and that he would vary the last five depending on the individuals’ previous martial arts experience. Others believe that he taught considerably more material. It was also in his public teaching period that the art was given the name Baguazhang (Eight tri-gram palm). Baguazhang became popular in Beijing and surrounding areas^[3].

In his later years he was poor and lived with Yin Fu's student Ma Gui. Ma owned a lumber yard and Dong lived on the premises. He died in 1882.

By the late 19th century, Baguazhang had become a well-known fighting style in Beijing and northern China, and Dong Haichuan and his students became famous. This gave rise to many fictitious stories and written pulp novels which were adopted as fact.

Students[link]

Dong taught Baguazhang to several highly regarded martial artists, notably Yin Fu, Ma Gui, Cheng Tinghua and Liang Zhenpu. Their names are recorded at his grave^[4].

See also[link]

• Baguazhang
• Neijia
• Neigong
• Neijin
• Chinese martial arts
• Liang Zhenpu
• Li Ziming
• Sui Yunjiang

References[link]

Bibliography[link]

• Smith, Robert W. "Chinese Boxing", ISBN 1-55643-085-X
• Liang, Shou-Yu; Yang, Jwing-Ming; Wu, Wen-Ching "Baguazhang : Emei Baguazhang Theory and Applications", pp 36–38, ISBN 0-940871-30-0
• Smith, Robert W.; Pittman, Allen "Pa-Kua – Eight Trigram Boxing" pp 19–22, ISBN 0-8048-1618-2

External links[link]

• The Yin and Yang of Ba Gua Zhang: The Legends of Thin Yin and Spectacles Cheng by Frank Allen & Clarence Lu

Li Zheng

Personal information
Born	18 January 1986
Medal record Men's Weightlifting Competitor for  China World Championships Total Gold 2006 Santo Domingo – 56 kg

Li Zheng (Chinese: 李争; Pinyin: Lǐ Zhēng; born 18 January 1986) is a Chinese weightlifter.

Li participated in the men's -56 kg class at the 2006 World Weightlifting Championships. He won the gold medal, snatching 128 kg and jerking an additional 152 kg for a total of 280 kg.^[1]

References[link]

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Stephen Yan (born in Hong Kong) was the host of the successful Canadian television cooking show Wok with Yan.

The Vancouver-based chef moved to Canada in the 1960s and owned two Chinese restaurants in Vancouver. His hit show was originally produced at CBOT in Ottawa from 1980 to 1995 and was syndicated in the United States and Asia. For over 15 years Stephen produced over 500 episodes of Wok with Yan.

Stephen also has produced travel and variety shows called Wok's Up? for CBC, Yan's Wokking for BCTV, and several half-hour travel specials on Thailand, Hong Kong, Japan, Walt Disney World, Malaysia, Singapore, and Fiji.

On May 14,1986, Yan also released a 60-minute show on video cassette titled, "Wok On The Wild Side, Wok With Yan Volume 2", where he showed how to prepare and cook the following menu: prawns in a nest, egg rolls, sweet and sour fish, gold coin beef, hot and sour soup, ginger lobster, and chicken with pineapple.

Yan's charismatic personality on his television show can be attributed to his spontaneous humour that included one-liners spoken with his trademark Cantonese accent or him playing with his food or cookware. He has appeared on Late Night with David Letterman, Good Morning America, Live with Regis and Kelly, and other shows from the United States to Australia.

A trademark of his was aprons that bore a different 'wok' pun every show. Some examples are:

• Wok & Roll
• Wokking My Baby Back Home
• Danger, Men at Wok
• Wok Around the Clock
• Wok the Heck
• You Are Wok You Eat
• Wok Goes up Must Come Down
• Wok's New, Pussycat?
• Wokkey Night in Canada
• Stuck Between a Wok and a Hard Place
• Raiders of The Lost Wok
• Moon Wok
• Jailhouse Wok
• Over Wok, Under Pay
• Wok Me to the Church On Time
• Woksy Ladies

Yan was the author of bestselling cook books:

• Vegetables the Chinese Way
• Creative Carving
• The Stephen Yan Seafood Wokbook
• Wok with Yan Television Cookbook

He also created various names for some of the ingredients that he used in his cooking, they include:

• "Chinese Water"
• "Wonder Powder"
• "Five Spicey"

Wok Before You Run is another cooking videotape produced in the 1980s and distributed worldwide.

He is not related to Chinese American chef Martin Yan of the PBS series Yan Can Cook, though Martin was an employee and had worked for Stephen Yan in the 1980s as demonstrator for Stephen's products.

External links[link]

• Wok with Yan
• Stephen Yan

This Canadian biographical article related to television is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it. v t e

Pan Zhang
An artist's impression of Pan Zhang.
General of Eastern Wu
Born	(Unknown)
Died	234
Names
Simplified Chinese	潘璋
Traditional Chinese	潘璋
Pinyin	Pān Zhāng
Style name	Wengui (文珪)

Pan Zhang (died 234)^[1] was a military general of Eastern Wu during the late Han Dynasty and Three Kingdoms era of Chinese history. Although an active general with high rank, he was known to desire wealth and treasure, and to dress himself in a gaudy fashion. It was said that he would kill wealthy officials or soldiers in order to confiscate their wealth for his own.

Biography[link]

Early life and career[link]

Pan was from Fagan, Dong Commandery (east of present-day Guan County, Shandong). He began to follow Sun Quan after the latter rose to Chief of Yanxian. Known as a heavy drinker and a complusive gambler, Pan frequently borrowed money to quench these habits, when his creditors asked him to return the money, he always claimed he would repay the debts when he became endowed with wealth. Due to his "distinguished" character, Sun noticed Pan and had him assigned as a captain. He became popular for his powers to cease crime in any area he lived, and was know to be a strong disciplinarian thereafter.

Service under Sun Quan[link]

Pan was promoted to be prefect of Xi'an county of Yuzhang commandery. At the time, Liu Biao, the warlord of Jing Province constantly sent his pawns to raid the area, but once Pan stationed there, Liu's men stopped the pillage. He was promoted to the rank of a colonel, and quelled a local uprising before he was summoned to Sun's headquarter, Jianye.

During the Battle of Xiaoyao Ford, the northern warlord, Cao Cao left the defense of Hefei fortress to Zhang Liao, who personally led the charge into Sun Quan's formation, and slew Sun's bodyguard leader, Chen Wu. Sun's generals Song Qian and Xu Sheng were unable to resist Zhang and fled, the soldiers deserted following their superiors. Sun was thus an open target for Zhang's cavalry; but Pan chased after the deserting troops of Song and Xu and had two of them executed: the soldiers were shocked and turned back, successfully pushed Zhang back into the fortress. Sun admired Pan's military discipline and granted him the title of Major General for his performance in this particular incident.

In 219, Pan participated in Lü Meng's invasion of Jing Province, and with Zhu Ran, they blocked two possible return routes of the enemy commander, Guan Yu. Correctly predicting Guan's retreat route, Pan's subordinate, Ma Zhong had Guan Yu and Guan Ping captured alive. In recognition of Pan's effort, Sun Quan immediately split Zigui and Yidu to form a new commandery, and had Pan appointed as the Governor.^[2]

After losing Jing Province and his close aide, Guan Yu, the Shu emperor Liu Bei resolved to retake Jing Province, and launched the biggest expedition in Shu history in 222. Under the command of Lu Xun, Pan pulled back to Xiaoting from Guling, and prepared for a final showdown with the massive army of Liu. After several months of standoff, Lu ordered an incursion into one of Liu's camps and found out the camps were linked with wooden fences; Lu then ordered a large scaled fire attack. Pan joined Lu's operation: in the battle, his unit had Liu's Protector-of-the-Army, Feng Xi killed, and incurred great damage to the Shu Han forces.

Later life and death[link]

In Pan's later years, he was tasked with the defense against the state of Cao Wei. Once, the Wei emperor, Cao Pi sent Zhang He, Xu Huang, Cao Zhen and Xiahou Shang to invade Nan Commandery with the immediate goal to capture Jiangling city, which Zhu Ran guarded with 5,000 troops. Wei vanguard of 30,000 led by Xiahou built wooden bridges to cross a stream to land the Hundred Miles Island (百里洲), while none of the Wu generals could locate the crossing points of the Wei troops. Pan then told his comrades that the Wei troops were highly spirited and the water level was low, so they'd better avoid battles with them at the moment. Following the river upstream, Pan ordered his soldiers to collect a few hundred million bundles of reeds, and attached them atop some large rafts and set them on fire. He then sent the rafts downstream so that they would burn the wooden bridges being used by Wei. Sensing the danger of being isolated, Xiahou withdrew from the island before his retreat route would be destroyed. For his effort in the siege, Pan was promoted to the rank of General of the Right (右将軍).

Pan's last battle was the invasion of Shiyang, in which he was tasked with guarding the rear when Wu forces retreated from the area. However, he laid his guard down one night, a mistake he never committed before, and was targeted by the enemy and defeated.^[3] Pan was barely saved when Zhu Ran led reinforcement to the scene.

Pan died in 234 of a natural course, and was not succeeded by his son, Pan Ping, because the latter was exiled to Kuaiji for poor conduct; however, Pan Zhang's wife was allowed to stay in Jianye, and was granted with fiefs and 50 households of tenant farmers.

Appointments and titles held[link]

• Chief of Yangxian (陽羨長)
• Senior Major (別部司馬)
• Chief of Xi'an, Yuzhang (豫章西安長)
• Colonel of Martial Vehemence (武猛校尉)
• Lieutenant General (偏將軍)
• Administrator of Guling (固陵太守)
• General of Inspiring Might (振威將軍)
• Marquis of Liyang (溧陽侯)
• General Who Pacifies the North (平北將軍)
• Administrator of Xiangyang (襄陽太守)
• General of the Right (右將軍)

In fiction[link]

In Luo Guanzhong's historical novel Romance of the Three Kingdoms, Pan captured Guan Yu in an ambush during the invasion of Jing Province. He was given Guan's famed weapon, the Green Dragon Crescent Blade, as a reward.

On one of the nights before the Battle of Xiaoting, Pan barged into a peasant hut for rest. Coincidentally, Guan Yu's son Guan Xing was also in the hut for the same reason. When Pan entered, he saw a portrait of Guan Yu and was so stunned that he dropped the Green Dragon Crescent Blade. Guan Xing picked up the weapon and killed Pan to avenge his father.

See also[link]

• List of people of the Three Kingdoms

References[link]

• Chen Shou. Records of Three Kingdoms, Chapter 55, Biography of Pan Zhang.

This article includes a list of references, related reading or external links, but its sources remain unclear because it lacks inline citations. Please improve this article by introducing more precise citations. (May 2010)

Li Ziming (李子鳴) (June 25, 1903 – January 23, 1993) was a martial arts expert and third generation descendant of the creator ofBaguazhang, Dong Haichuan, under the lineage of Liang Zhenpu - progenitor of Liang Style Baguazhang.

Life and work[link]

Li Ziming was born in Lijia Village, Ji County in Hebei province on June 25, 1903, and died on January, 23, 1993, at the age of 89.^[1] He had a very cultured upbringing including the study of literature and martial arts, and was very talented at calligraphy and painting.

In 1921, he became a disciple of the second generation Baguazhang master, Liang Zhenpu, and a friend of his father. He began an intensive study of Baguazhang.^[2] Liang passed down the art of Baguazhang through the oral tradition. He practised every day until he achieved a very deep understanding of the fighting secrets of Baguazhang.

After extensive training with Liang, Li entered the Hebei province Martial Arts Academy and trained in martial arts under the famous masters Zhang Zhankui, Shang Yunxiang and Ju Qingyuan.^[1]

He later returned to Beijing, where he often exchanged techniques and sparred with martial arts brothers Guo Gumin, Li Shaoan and Zeng Xingsan, as well as many other famous martial arts masters. Li reached a very high level of technical proficiency and attainment in all aspects of Baguazhang including forms, weapons, theory and fighting methods. He was especially skilled at the art of fighting and his hand-to-hand combat skills increased perceptibly over the years.

Li dedicated his life to the preservation of Baguazhang forms, the research of Baguazhang theory and the popularization of the art.

In 1979, in order to protect Dong Haichuan's tomb, he suggested to move it to Wanan Public Cemetery from the old location; on August 2 and 3, 1980, a group of over 100 Beijing Baguazhang practitioners under his leadership moved Dong's remains as well as accompanying stone tablets to the new location in Wanan Public Cemetery.^[3]

Li Ziming was conscientious and meticulous with all things relating to Baguazhang. He was not given to flattery, and followed a strong code of morals and righteousness. He was well-known for being generous, kind, modest, amiable, charitable, and benevolent to others. He was very patient when teaching his students, while never holding anything back from them. Li Ziming conducted extensive research about the applications of other styles of Baguazhang, and took the best elements from each style. He inherited the complete Baguazhang system and fostered the development of many famous martial artists and masters.

In 1981, he helped establish the first single-style research association in China - The Beijing Baguazhang Research Association - and he was elected its first president; he held this title until his death in 1993.^[3] He also established a Baguazhang coaching station.

He received many honors of distinction from both national and international martial arts associations. After his death, he was the second person to be buried next to Dong Haichuan after Liang Zhenpu in Wanan Public Cemetery.

Li Ziming's more famous disciples include Ma Chuanxu (second president of the Beijing Baguazhang Research Association), Wang Shitong, Zhao Dayuan, Di Guoyong (current president of the Beijing Xingyiquan Research Association), Sui Yunjiang, Li Gongcheng, Wang Tong, Zhang Quanliang (who has released several VCDs and DVDs), Sun Hunyan and Ma Ling.

References[link]

Sources

• Gongcheng, Li. "Baguazhuangzhang Jijishu". Beijing Physical Education University Press, Beijing, 1994.
• Beijingbagua.com website
• Chinafrominside.com website