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This article may be expanded with text translated from the corresponding article in the French Wikipedia. (August 2010) Don't speak French? Click here to read a machine-translated version of the French article. Click [show] on the right to review important translation instructions before translating. Google's machine translation is a useful starting point for translations, but translators must revise errors as necessary and confirm that the translation is accurate, rather than simply copy-pasting machine-translated text into English Wikipedia. Do not translate text that appears unreliable or low-quality. If possible, verify the text with references provided in the foreign-language article. After translating, {{Translated|fr|Encyclopédistes}} must be added to the talk page to ensure copyright compliance. For more guidance, see Wikipedia:Translation.

The encyclopédistes were a group of 18th-century writers in France who compiled and wrote the Encyclopédie, edited by Denis Diderot and Jean le Rond d'Alembert. More than a hundred encyclopédistes have been identified.^[1] Many were part of the intellectual group known as the philosophes. They promoted the advancement of science and secular thought and supported tolerance, rationality, and open-mindedness of the Enlightenment. Still, as Frank Kafker has shown, the encyclopédistes were not a unified group, neither in ideology nor social class.^[2]

Below some of the contributors are listed in alphabetical order, by the number of articles that they wrote, and by the identifying "signature" by which their contributions were identified in the Encyclopédie.

Alphabetical[link]

• Jean Le Rond d'Alembert
• Antoine-Joseph Dezallier d'Argenville
• Boucher d'Argis
• Arnulphe d'Aumont
• Jacques-Nicolas Bellin
• Jacques-François Blondel
• Claude Bourgelat
• Louis-Jean-Marie Daubenton
• Denis Diderot
• César Chesneau Du Marsais
• Marc-Antoine Eidous
• Jean-Baptiste de La Chapelle
• Guillaume Le Blond
• André Le Breton
• Antoine Louis
• Baron d'Holbach
• Chevalier Louis de Jaucourt
• Edme-François Mallet
• Jean-François Marmontel
• Charles de Secondat, Baron de Montesquieu
• Jean-Jacques Rousseau
• Pierre Tarin
• François-Vincent Toussaint
• Anne Robert Jacques Turgot, Baron de Laune
• Urbain de Vandenesse
• Gabriel-François Venel
• Voltaire
• Abbé Claude Yvon

Number of articles[link]

• 37870 - XXX (unsigned or undetermined)
• 17288 - Chevalier Louis de Jaucourt
• 5394 - Denis Diderot
• 4268 - Boucher d'Argis
• 1925 - Edme-François Mallet
• 1309 - Jean Le Rond d'Alembert
• 994 - Jacques-Nicolas Bellin
• 720 - Guillaume Le Blond
• 707 - Gabriel-François Venel
• 693 - Louis-Jean-Marie Daubenton
• 541 - Antoine-Joseph Dezallier d'Argenville
• 482 - Jacques-François Blondel
• 449 - Antoine Louis
• 428 - Marc-Antoine Eidous
• 414 - Baron d'Holbach
• 388 - François-Vincent Toussaint
• 344 - Jean-Jacques Rousseau
• 337 - Pierre Tarin
• 227 - Claude Bourgelat
• 214 - Jean-Baptiste de La Chapelle
• 199 - Urbain de Vandenesse
• 192 - Arnulphe d'Aumont
• 129 - César Chesneau Du Marsais
• 119 - Cahusac
• 108 - Le Roy
• 107 - Landois
• 91 - Beauzée
• 78 - Malouin
• 61 - Louis-Jacques Goussier, also supervisor of the engraved plates
• 56 - Malouin
• 45 - Lenglet Du Fresnoy
• 41 - Daubenton|Diderot
• 39 - Claude Yvon
• 39 - Daubenton|Vandenesse
• 32 - Boucher d'Argis
• 26 - de La Chapelle|d'Alembert
• 26 - Voltaire
• 25 - Diderot|Mallet
• 23 - Daubenton|Jaucourt
• 22 - Daubenton, le Subdelegue
• 21 - Barths
• 20 - Mallet|Diderot
• 20 - Formey
• 20 - Daubenton|Jaucourt
• 14 - Rousseau|d'Alembert
• 14 - Beauzee
• 13 - Watelet
• 13 - Boucher d'Argis
• 12 - Romain
• 12 - Douchet et Beauzee
• 12 - Daubenton|d'Argenville
• 11 - Diderot|Vandenesse
• 10 - Villiers
• 10 - Marmontel
• 10 - Forbonnais
• 9 - Papillon
• 9 - Mallet|d'Alembert
• 9 - Daubenton|Daubenton, le Subdelegue
• 8 - Faiguet
• 7 - d'Argenville|Diderot
• 7 - Tarin
• 7 - Pestr
• 7 - Jaucourt
• 7 - Bellin|Bellin
• 6 - Vandenesse|Diderot
• 6 - Toussaint|Mallet
• 6 - Durival
• 6 - Beauzee et Duchet
• 5 - d'Aubenton
• 5 - d'Alembert|Diderot
• 5 - Yvon|Diderot
• 5 - Venel|Venel
• 5 - Menuret
• 5 - Mallet|Mallet
• 5 - Diderot|Daubenton
• 5 - Daubenton|d'Argenville|Vandenesse
• 5 - Daubenton|Vandenesse|Diderot
• 5 - C. D. J.| Jaucourt
• 4 - d'Alembert|Mallet
• 4 - Romilly
• 4 - Rallier
• 4 - Louis|Diderot
• 4 - Blondel|Diderot

By letter[link]

In the encyclopédie the authors are identified by a letter at the end of an article.

• (A) - Boucher d'Argis
• (a) - Lenglet Du Fresnoy
• (B) - Cahusac
• (b) - Venel
• (C) - Pestré
• (c) - Daubenton, le Subdélégué
• (D) - Goussier
• (d) - d'Aumont
• (E) - de La Chapelle
• (e) - Bourgelat
• (F) - Dumarsais
• (f) - de Villiers
• (G) - Mallet
• (g) - Barthès
• (H) - Toussaint
• (h) - Morellet
• (I) - Daubenton
• (K) - d'Argenville
• (L) - Tarin
• (M) - Malouin
• (m) - Ménuret de Chambaud
• (N) - Vandenesse
• (O) - d'Alembert
• (P) - Blondel
• (Q) - Le Blond
• (R) - Landois
• (S) - Rousseau
• (T) - Le Roy
• (V) - Eidous
• (X) - Yvon
• (Y) - Louis
• (Z) - Bellin
• (*) - Diderot
• (D.J.) - de Jaucourt
• (—) - d'Holbach
• (V.D.F.) - Forbonnais
• (E.R.M.) - Douchet and Beauzée

Notes[link]

References[link]

1. Author list by frequency
2. Author list by letter

This article incorporates information from the equivalent article on the French Wikipedia.

Alain Rey (pronounced: [a.lɛ̃ ʁɛ]) (born August 30, 1928) is a French linguist, lexicographer and radio personality. He is the editor-in-chief at French dictionary publisher Dictionnaires Le Robert.

Biography[link]

Rey was born in Pont-du-Château on August 30, 1928. After studying political science, humanities and art history at the Sorbonne, Rey served in the 4th Regiment of the Tunisian Troops. While stationed in Algeria in 1952, he replied to an advertisement placed by Paul Robert, who was compiling a new French dictionary and looking for linguists. Rey become Robert's first collaborator, on Dictionnaire alphabétique et analogique. Robert's network of lexicographers grew and Rey married his colleague Josette Debove in 1954. In 1964 the very first Le Robert dictionary was published, followed by an abridged Le Petit Robert in 1967.

Rey went on to supervise the publication of many more dictionaries under the Le Robert trademark: the Petit Robert (1967); the Micro Robert, a pocket dictionary; the Petit Robert des noms propres (1974), a guide to proper names; the Dictionnaire des expressions et locutions (1979), a dictionary of phrases and expressions; the Grand Robert de la langue française, a nine-volume work (1985); an updated version, the Nouveau Petit Robert de la langue française (1993), and the Dictionnaire historique de la langue française (1992). In 2005, he published the Dictionnaire culturel en langue française.

Beyond the printed page, Rey enjoys the status of a French media personality. Between 1993 and 2006, he appeared daily on France Inter's morning radio show, Sept neuf trente, in a three-minute closing segment called Le mot de la fin ("The Last Word"), in which he presented an entertaining analysis of French vocabulary. Rey often garnished these segments with political commentary of a libertarian stripe.^{[citation needed]} Rey's segment was retired in 2006 — a move that for some signalled France Inter's desire for new blood to capture a younger demographic.^[1] His last segment with France Inter, which aired June 29, 2006, examined the word salut ("goodbye").

Between 2004 and 2005, Rey also appeared after the 8 o'clock evening news on the channel France 2, in a segment entitled Démo des Mots, in which he explained the history of French financial jargon.

In 2005, the French Minister of Culture and Communication awarded him the title of Commander in the French Ordre des Arts et des Lettres (Order of Arts and Literature).

Rey is also a signatory of the Appel à la vigilance contre le néocréationnisme et les intrusions spiritualistes en science ("Call to vigilance against creationism and religious interference with science"),^[2] published in France in December 2005.

Since September 2007, Rey has appeared on Laurent Baffie's Sunday morning radio show on Europe 1.

Bibliography[link]

• Littré, l’humaniste et les mots, 1970
• La Lexicologie : Lectures, 1970
• Théories du signe et du sens, volume 1 (1973) and 2 (1976)
• Le Lexique : Images et modèles, 1977
• Les Spectres de la bande, essai sur la BD, 1978
• Noms et notions : la terminologie — Que sais-je?, 1979 and 1992
• Le Théâtre (with Daniel Couty), 1980
• Encyclopédies et dictionnaires — Que sais-je?, 1982
• Révolution, histoire d’un mot, 1989
• Le reveil-mots, 1998
• Des mots magiques, 2003
• À mots découverts, 2006
• Antoine Furetière : Un précurseur des Lumières sous Louis XIV, 2006
• Mille ans de langue française. Histoire d'une passion, Perrin, 2007
• L’amour du français : contre les puristes et autres censeurs de la langue, Denoël, 2007
• Miroirs du monde : une histoire de l'encyclopédisme, Fayard, 2007
• Lexi-com'. Tome 1, De Bravitude à Bling-Bling, Fayard, 2008.

Quotes[link]

On croit que l'on maîtrise les mots, mais ce sont les mots qui nous maîtrisent.
(We believe ourselves to master words, but it is words that master us.)

— Alain Rey^{[citation needed]}

Le langage ne sert pas uniquement à s'exprimer, il sert aussi à mentir, à influencer, à se faire valoir.
(Language serves not only the task of explanation, but also that of deception, persuasion and exploitation.)

— Alain Rey^{[citation needed]}

References[link]

1. ^ Enjeux de mots ("Wordgames"), a portrait of Alain Rey in the newspaper Libération, September 26, 2006. (available online)
2. ^ "La Bible contre Darwin", Le Nouvel Observateur 61, December 2005 – January 2006.

External links[link]

• Biography
• Portrait in Libération

Olivier Marchal (b. November 14, 1958 in Talence, France) is a French actor, director, screenwriter, and a former policeman. In 2005, he was nominated for three César Awards (best director, best film, and best writing), for his film 36 Quai des Orfèvres.

Filmography[link]

• 1999 : Un bon flic aka A Good Cop
• 2002 : Gangsters
• 2004 : 36 Quai des Orfèvres aka Department 36
• 2006 : Tell No One
• 2008 : MR 73 aka The Last Deadly Mission
• 2008 : Pour Elle aka Anything for Her
• 2009 : Diamant 13

External links[link]

• Olivier Marchal at the Internet Movie Database

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