The Watchers (Aramaic, עִירִין iyrin) is a term found in the Old Testament Book of Daniel, and later sources, which is connected to angels. In Daniel, these are obedient angels, in the Book of Enoch they are referred to as fallen angels.

Daniel[link]

In Daniel 4:13, 17, 23 there are three references made to the class of "watcher, holy one" (watcher, Aramaic `iyr, holy one Aramaic qaddiysh). The term is introduced by Nebuchadnezzar who describes how he saw "a watcher, a holy one come down (singular verb) from heaven." The singular verb indicates that "a watcher, a holy one" are two titles for the same being or class of being. Nebuchadnezzar then describes how in his dream the watcher says that Nebuchadnezzar will eat grass and be mad and that this punishment is "by the decree of the watchers, and the demand by the word of the holy ones" in order that "the living may know that the Most High rules in the kingdom of men." After hearing the king's dream Daniel considers for an hour and then responds:

Daniel 4:23 And whereas the king saw a watcher, a holy one coming down from heaven, and saying, Hew the tree down, and destroy it; yet leave the stump of the roots thereof in the earth, even with a band of iron and brass, in the tender grass of the field; and let it be wet with the dew of heaven, and [let] his portion [be] with the beasts of the field, till seven times pass over him; KJV

The presentation in Daniel of these "watchers, holy ones" may be a depiction of Babylonian religion, that is an attempt by the author of this section of Daniel to present Nebuchadnezzar's Babylonian gods recognising the power of the God of Israel as "Most High."^[1] The version of this dream and its interpretation differs from the Aramaic of the Massoretic Text to the Greek of the Septuagint. For example in the Aramaic text it is ambiguous who is telling the story of verse 14, whether it is Nebuchadnezzar himself, or the watcher in his dream.^[2]

Dead Sea Scrolls and Pseudepigrapha[link]

Book of Enoch[link]

The term "Watchers," is common in the Book of Enoch found among the Dead Sea Scrolls, and the Book of the Watchers is the name for one section of the book (1 Enoch 6-36). It occurs in the Aramaic fragments in the phrase irin we-qadishin, "Watchers and Holy Ones", known from Aramaic Daniel.^[3] The Aramaic irin "watchers" is rendered as "angel" (Greek angelos, Coptic malah) in the Greek and Ethiopian translations, although the usual Aramaic term for angel malakha does not occur in Aramaic Enoch.^[4] The dating of this section of 1 Enoch is around 2nd-1st Century BCE. This book is based on one interpretation of the Sons of God passage in Genesis 6, according to which angels married with human females, giving rise to a race of hybrids known as the Nephilim. The term irin is primarily applied to disobedient Watchers who numbered a total of 200, and of whom their leaders are named, but equally Aramaic iri ("watcher" singular) is also applied to the obedient archangels who chain them, such as Raphael (1 Enoch 22:6).

Genesis 6, the Sons of God[link]

The watchers story in Enoch derives from the sixth chapter Genesis, where the "Origin of the Nephilim" is described and the "Sons of God" who beget them are mentioned:

When men began to multiply on earth and daughters were born to them, the sons of God saw how beautiful the daughters of man were, and so they took for their wives as many of them as they chose. Then the Lord said: "My spirit shall not remain in man forever, since he is but flesh. His days shall comprise one hundred and twenty years." At that time the Nephilim appeared on earth (as well as later), after the sons of God had intercourse with the daughters of man, who bore them sons. They were the heroes of old, the men of renown. (Genesis 6:1-4)

Here, the "sons of God" are given no specific name or function; they could represent fallen angels, heavenly beings that mate with human women. The Book of Enoch regards these as the same angels who are referred to as the Benei Ha-Elohim (Eng. Sons of God) in the Book of Genesis. According to this belief, their sins filled the Earth with violence and the world was destroyed as a result of their intervention.

Names of 1 Enoch Watchers[link]

In the Book of Enoch, the watchers are angels dispatched to Earth to watch over the humans. They soon begin to lust for human women, and at the prodding of their leader Samyaza, they defect en masse to illicitly instruct and procreate among humanity. The offspring of these unions are the Nephilim, savage giants who pillage the earth and endanger humanity. Samyaza and associates further taught their human charges arts and technologies such as weaponry, cosmetics, mirrors, sorcery, and other techniques that would otherwise be discovered gradually over time by humans, not foisted upon them all at once. Eventually God allows a Great Flood to rid the earth of the Nephilim, but first sends Uriel to warn Noah so as not to eradicate the human race. While Genesis says that the Nephilim remained "on the earth" even after the Great Flood, Jude says that the Watchers themselves are bound "in the valleys of the Earth" until Judgment Day. (See Genesis 6:4 and Jude 1:6, respectively)

There are 20 leaders in the Book of Enoch also called 1 Enoch the section that mentions them reads:

These are the leaders of 200 angels in 1 Enoch that are turned into fallen Angels because they took wives, mated with human women, and taught forbidden knowledge.

• Araqiel (also Arakiel, Araqael, Araciel, Arqael, Sarquael, Arkiel, Arkas) ^[5] taught humans the signs of the earth. However, in the Sibylline Oracles, Araqiel is referred to not as a fallen angel, or Watcher, but as one of the 5 angels who lead the souls of men to judgement, the other 4 being Ramiel, Uriel, Samiel, and Azazel.
• Armaros (also Amaros) in Enoch I taught men the resolving of enchantments.
• Azazel^[6] taught men to make knives, swords, shields, and how to devise ornaments and cosmetics.
• Gadriel taught the art of cosmetics.
• Baraqel (Baraqiel) taught men astrology^[7]
• Bezaliel mentioned in Enoch I, left out of most translations because of damaged manuscripts and problematic transmission of the text.
• Chazaqiel (sometimes Ezeqeel) taught men the signs of the clouds (meteorology).^[5]
• Kokabiel (also Kakabel, Kochbiel, Kokbiel, Kabaiel, and Kochab),^[8] is a high-ranking, holy angel but, in general apocryphal lore and also in Enoch I, he is a fallen Watcher, resident of nether realms, and commands 365,000 surrogate spirits to do his bidding. Among other duties, he instructs his fellows in astrology.
• Penemue^[9] "taught mankind the art of writing with ink and paper," and taught "the children of men the bitter and the sweet and the secrets of wisdom."
• Sariel (also Suriel) taught mankind about the courses of the moon (at one time regarded as forbidden knowledge).^[10]
• Samyaza (also Shemyazaz, Shamazya, Semiaza, Shemhazi, Semyaza and Amezyarak) is one of the leaders of the fall from heaven.^[11]
• Shamsiel, once a guardian of Eden,^[12] served as one of the 2 chief aides to the archangel Uriel (the other aide being Hasdiel) when Uriel bore his standard into battle, and is the head of 365 legions of angels and also crowns prayers, accompanying them to the 5th heaven. He is referred to^[13] as one of the Watchers. He is a fallen angel who teaches the signs of the sun.^[14]

Damascus Document (CD)[link]

A reference to the "fall of the watchers from heaven" is found in Hebrew in the Damascus Document 2:18 echoing 1 Enoch 13:10.^[15]

Jubilees[link]

The term "Watchers" appears also in some other Enochic texts counted among the "Old Testament Pseudepigrapha," specifically in the Book of Jubilees (Jub. 4:15, 5:1), and Slavonic Enoch.

Slavonic Enoch[link]

The Greek term egrḗgoroi (ἐγρήγοροι)) or Grigori is transliterated into Slavonic in the Second Book of Enoch. In 2 Enoch 18 (Slavonic Enoch) the "Grigori" (egregoroi) are located in the fifth heaven, and from among them 200 princes fall.^[15]

Rabbinical and later literature[link]

Zohar[link]

The Zohar makes reference to the "watchers" of Nebuchadnezzar's dream.

Christian writers[link]

Some early Christian writers accepted the interpretation in the Book of Enoch of the sons of God in Genesis and made reference to "watchers."^{[citation needed]} Generally, later theologians, such as Augustine, interpreted the Genesis "sons of God" as referring to the descendants of Seth and the "daughters of man", in turn referring to the descendants of Cain.^[16][17] This "Sethian" interpretation is found in Byzantine and Syriac traditions such as the Kitab al-Magall.^[18]

Clement of Alexandria, influenced by Hellenistic cosmology, attributed the movement of the stars and the control of the four elements to angelic beings. Sinistrari attributed bodies of fire, air, earth, and water to these beings, and concluded that the "watchers" were made of fire and air^{[citation needed]}. Cardinal Newman, writing in the mid-19th century, proposed that certain angels existed who were neither totally good nor evil, and had only "partially fallen" from the Heavens.

In modern times various writers have written on 1 Enoch's story of the fallen angels for the mass market.^[19][20]

References[link]

Tope Alabi, also known as Ore ti o common, and as Gbo Jesu, (born October 27, 1970 in Ogun, Nigeria)^[1] is a multi-platinum Nigerian Gospel Singer,^[2] film music composer^[3] and actor.^[4]

Alabi was formerly a member of the Jesters International comedy group.^[5] She later worked with other popular travelling and stage theater groups in both Ibadan and Lagos. She made films in the Yoruba film genre of Nigeria.^[6] Alabi later metamorphosed into gospel music after she became a born-again Christian.^[7] She is signed to Orbit Entertainment.^{[citation needed]}

Discography[link]

• Ore ti o Common (2001)
• Iwe Eri (2003)
• Agbara Re NI (2005)
• Agbara Olorun (2006)
• Angeli MI (2007)
• Kokoro Igbala (2008)"
• kabiosi (2010)
• agbelebu (2012)

References[link]

External links[link]

• Official Website

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This article on an African musician is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it. v t e

Carson Daly
Daly at Fort Irwin Military Reservation in May 2009
Born	Carson Jones Daly (1973-06-22) June 22, 1973 (age 39) Santa Monica, California
Occupation	talk show host, radio personality, television personality
Years active	1998–present
Children	Jackson James
Website
Daly at nbc.com

Carson Jones Daly (born June 22, 1973)^[1] is an American television host, radio personality, and television personality. He is the host of NBC's Last Call with Carson Daly, a late-night talk show that began airing on January 7, 2002. Before his role as host of that program, Daly was a VJ on MTV's TRL, and a DJ for the Southern California based radio station KROQ-FM. He has also hosted several notable specials including "Macy's 4th of July Spectacular" on NBC and "NBC's New Years Eve with Carson Daly". He also co-founded an independent record label named 456 Entertainment.^[2] As of 2012, he is a DJ/talk show host on KAMP-FM radio in Southern California.^[3] He is the host of the American version of The Voice, on NBC. The Voice has gone on to become one of the highest rated shows on the entire NBC network and in 2012 received the coveted timeslot premiering after the Superbowl.

Early life[link]

Daly was born in Santa Monica, California,^[1] the son of Coachella Valley TV personality Pattie Daly Caruso, and actor J. D. Daly.^[4][5] Daly attended Santa Monica High School and was a member of the school's golf team before graduating in 1991. He attended Loyola Marymount University in Los Angeles. He is of Irish descent^[6] and has worked with Guinness on local "Proposition 3-17" to make Saint Patrick's Day an official holiday.^[6] Carson Daly hosted MTV'S TRL from 1998-2002.

[edit] Last Call with Carson Daly

In 2002, Last Call with Carson Daly went on the air. The show was shot on the same set as Saturday Night Live.^[7] It has since taken on a rogue documentary style^{[clarification needed]} format taping shows on the road.^{[citation needed]}

[edit] The Voice

In 2011, Daly began hosting the NBC singing competition The Voice in which contestants will sing for the four coaches for a shot at a record deal. He hosted the Blind Auditions, Battles, and the live shows every Monday night.

Acting[link]

Carson Daly plays a small but pivotal role in the first episode of My Name Is Earl. While in the hospital after being hit by a car, Earl learns about karma from watching an episode of Last Call with Carson Daly where Daly claims that his success is a direct result of doing good things for other people. Earl is thus inspired by Carson Daly to turn his own life around, and sets out to make up for his many past wrongs.^[8] Carson Daly also had a small role on The Dave Chappelle Show.

456 Entertainment[link]

Carson is a founding partner with Jonathan Rifkind, Jonathan B. Davis and Bam Margera of 456 Enterprise & Entertainment which released the "Viva La Bands" compilations.^{[citation needed]}

Production[link]

Daly also has a production company, which produced his New Year's Eve special on NBC.^[7]

Personal life[link]

Daly's mother is a breast cancer survivor who was honored at Lifetime's 2004 Breast Cancer Heroes Luncheon. Daly has joined his mother in becoming a breast cancer activist.^[9]

In March 2009, Daly and his girlfriend Siri Pinter had a son named Jackson James Daly.^[10][11] Daly and Pinter are expecting their second child in September 2012.^[12]

Filmography[link]

References[link]

External links[link]

Wikiquote has a collection of quotations related to: Carson Daly

• Last Call with Carson Daly Official Site
• Carson Daly at the Internet Movie Database