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Funk rock is a music genre that fuses funk and rock elements.^[1] Its earliest incarnation was heard in the late 1960s through the mid-1970s by acts such as the Jimi Hendrix Experience (last two albums), Eric Burdon and War, Trapeze, Parliament-Funkadelic, Betty Davis and Mother's Finest. The 1990s were known for acts such as Red Hot Chili Peppers and Rage Against the Machine. After over a period of time where the genre had died down in popularity, Audioslave revived the genre with the release of their 2006 album Revelations.

Characteristics[link]

Funk rock is a fusion of funk and rock. Many instruments may be incorporated into the music, but the overall sound is defined by a definitive bass or drum beat and electric guitars. The bass and drum rhythms are influenced by funk music but with more intensity, while the guitar can be funk- or rock-influenced, usually with distortion, which is similar to overdrive or fuzz.

Genre history[link]

Funk rock acts of 1970s[link]

Jimi Hendrix was the first well-known recording artist to combine the rhythms and riffs of early funk to his rock sound. Perhaps the earliest example is his song "Little Miss Lover" (1967). His live album Band of Gypsys features funky riffs and rhythms throughout (especially the songs "Who Knows" and "Power of Soul") and his unfinished album also included a couple of funk rock songs such as "Freedom", "Izabella" and "Straight Ahead".

George Clinton has been considered the godfather of this genre since 1970. Clinton created the name "P-Funk" for the innovative new concepts of funk that he culled from former members of James Brown's band (such as Maceo Parker and Bootsy Collins) and new young players like the guitar hero that rivaled Hendrix named Eddie Hazel. His groups, Funkadelic and Parliament, practically defined funk since the release of the influential funk rock Funkadelic classic Maggot Brain (1971). Later funk rock albums by the group include Cosmic Slop, Standing on the Verge of Getting It On, Hardcore Jollies and Let's Take It to the Stage. Later albums such as One Nation Under a Groove and Electric Spanking of War Babies had a bit more radio-friendly sound but still preserved much of group's funk rock approach. This work served as the primary influence on an entire generation of funk and hip hop artists from the Red Hot Chili Peppers to Snoop Dogg.

Other pioneers of funk rock evolved in the 1970s in the music of the British rock band Trapeze and American groups Shotgun, Mother's Finest and Black Nasty. Also singer-model Betty Davis recorded important funk rock albums. The funk rock acts were not favoured by R&B recording companies. For example guitarists of Chic wanted initially to record funk rock, but they eventually became a disco act after being turned down by recording companies. Despite its considerable influence on later popular music, funk rock was not very visible phenomenon during the 1970s. Only few funk rock acts could be seen on record charts.

1980s[link]

In the early 1980s Gang of Four, Iggy Pop in his LP The Idiot, the Big Boys, Xavion (an Afro-American group whose Asylum/Mirage LP in 1984 predated the formation of Living Colour) and Rick James along with New Wave mainstays Blondie and Talking Heads created their own sound mix of punk funk. One famous funk rock song of the period was "Another One Bites the Dust" by British rock icons Queen. Also in the 1980s, a fusion genre probably best described as synth-funk (a combination of synthpop and funk) was prominent in some synthpop bands such as Scritti Politti, a notable album being Cupid & Psyche 85, and in the British group Level 42.

The genre's representatives from the 1980s to present day include Jane's Addiction, Fishbone, Mr. Bungle, Primus, Living Colour and Spin Doctors as well as Prince, leading the way with spinoffs The Time, and one hit wonders Mazarati, who all have created, expanded and defined the funk rock style.

Red Hot Chili Peppers's second and third albums (which were released 1985 and 1987 respectively, and featured guitarist Hillel Slovak) are seen by many fans as the more funk-oriented albums of their collection. This is often characterized by a driving bass-line which is played over a sparse guitar track occasionally punctuated by metal-like riffs and solos (such as the solo in the middle of "Backwoods").

1990s[link]

In the early 1990s, several bands combined funky rhythms with heavy metal guitar sounds, resulting in "funk metal", where the emphasis is in using much heavier distorted guitar sounds in the mix. Funk rock employs more of a lighter, "crunchier" distorted guitar sound, and the musical emphasis tends to be more beat-driven with prominent bass lines; more rhythmic in the R&B sense. One of the best examples of the fusion can be heard on the critically acclaimed Blood Sugar Sex Magik album, released in 1991 by the Red Hot Chili Peppers. Other notable 1990s artists in the funk rock genre, although not widely-known in North America, include guitarist Stevie Salas and funk metal bassist TM Stevens. The latter's 1995 album Boom! is an excellent example of bass-heavy songs mixed with rhythmic guitar riffs.

Lenny Kravitz is one of the most prominent musicians today in the fusion of rock riffs and funk rhythms, as exampled in tracks such as "Tunnel Vision", "Always on the Run", and "American Woman". Incubus has dabbled in the genre as well with albums such as Fungus Amongus and S.C.I.E.N.C.E. During the making of his acclaimed studio album Voodoo (2000), neo soul musician D'Angelo was influenced by the funk rock sound of P-Funk, Jimi Hendrix and other such artists, while his hit single "Untitled (How Does It Feel)" has been noted by critics for containing elements of and similarity to the Maggot Brain sound of Funkadelic. Jane's Addiction have included many funk based routines in tracks. Slipknot had a funk rock sound in their early days, with tracks like "Bitchslap" and "Confessions" (both from Mate. Feed. Kill. Repeat.); Korn and Limp Bizkit also have a funk metal sound. Irish band Republic of Loose are also noted for their funk rock sound which has earned them several awards and critical acclaim.

2000s and 2010s[link]

The famous, now defunct, alternative rock supergroup Audioslave's third and final album Revelations, released in September 2006, is a landmark in the time line of funk rock in the modern era. The songs "Original Fire" and "Jewel of the Summertime" are noted as having a heavy funk and soul sound. The album itself is described by guitarist Tom Morello as "Earth, Wind and Fire meets Led Zeppelin".^[2] As of 2011, the album has been certified gold by the RIAA, selling over 500,000 copies in the U.S. alone. In 2009, the supergroup Street Sweeper Social Club released their debut album of the same name that infused the sound of mid-1990s heavy funk rock with a brand of modern rapping, which created a unique sound. In 2010, the band released The Ghetto Blaster EP that also retained a great influence of funk rock in sound and in the feel of the EP in general, most notably in the group's hit single "Promenade".

2011[link]

The Red Hot Chili Peppers returned with the release of a new single, "The Adventures of Rain Dance Maggie", and their tenth studio album, I'm with You.

See also[link]

• Rap rock

Notes[link]

Look up Rock, The Rock, rock music, or rock in Wiktionary, the free dictionary.

Rock usually refers to:

• Rock (geology), naturally occurring solid aggregate of minerals and/or mineraloid
• Rock music, form of popular music

It can also refer to:

Geology[link]

• Rock (geology), naturally occurring solid aggregate of minerals and/or mineraloids
• Rock salt or halite, mineral form of sodium chloride

People[link]

• Rock (name), several people

Fictional characters[link]

• Rock (comics), a fictional character in the DC Comics universe
• Rock (manga character), a recurrent major character in most of Osamu Tezuka's manga series
• Robert Orin Charles Kilroy (ROCK), from the Styx rock opera Kilroy was here - see Mr. Roboto

Music[link]

• Rock music, form of popular music
• Rocks (album), by Aerosmith
• Rocks (Harem Scarem album), 2001
• "The Rock" instrumental song by The Who from Quadrophenia
• "Rocks" (song), by Primal Scream
• "Rock", one of the tracks on "Soft/Rock", a single by Lemon Jelly
• Rock (Casting Pearls EP), by Casting Pearls
• The Rock (Rachmaninoff), an orchestral composition
• The Rock (The Frankie Miller Band album), the third album from The Frankie Miller Band
• The Rock (John Entwistle album), the sixth solo album by John Entwistle, bassist for The Who
• The Rock (Tracy Lawrence album), the tenth studio album by American country music artist Tracy Lawrence
• The Rocks (band), a former UK indie rock band
• "The Rock", a song by Atomic Rooste from In Hearing of Atomic Rooster

Entertainment[link]

• Another term for uprock, a form of street dance
• The Rock (film), 1996 film starring Sean Connery and Nicolas Cage directed by Michael Bay
• The Rock (play), T.S. Eliot's 1934 pageant play

Places[link]

Australia[link]

• The Rocks, New South Wales, a locality in Sydney, Australia
• The Rock, New South Wales, a town in southern New South Wales

Canada[link]

• The Rocks or Hopewell Rocks, New Brunswick, a coastal formation
• Newfoundland (island), Canada

United Kingdom[link]

• Rock, Cornwall, village in Cornwall, England
• Rock, Northumberland, village in Northumberland, England
• Rock, West Sussex
• Rock, Worcestershire, village in Worcestershire, England
• Lewis, an island in the Outer Hebrides, Scotland
• Rock, County Tyrone – a small village in County Tyrone, Northern Ireland

United States[link]

• Kodiak Island, Alaska
• The Rock or Alcatraz Island, small island in San Francisco Bay, California, United States
• The Rock, Georgia
• The Rock (Northwestern University), a landmark at Northwestern University in Evanston, Illinois
• Rock Island, Illinois, county seat of Rock Island County, Illinois, United States
• Memorial Stadium (Indiana), on the Indiana University campus
• Rock, Kansas, unincorporated community in Cowley County, Kansas, United States
• The Rock (Michigan State University), a boulder on the campus of Michigan State University
• Rock Township, Benson County, North Dakota, civil township in United States
• The Rocks or McKees Rocks, Pennsylvania, a borough
• Rock, West Virginia, a community in Mercer County, West Virginia, United States
• Rock County, Wisconsin, county in United States
• Rock, Rock County, Wisconsin, town in Rock County, Wisconsin, United States
• Rock, Wood County, Wisconsin, town in Wood County, Wisconsin, United States

Other Places[link]

• "The Rock" is a poetic and popular term for Bermuda.
• The Rock or Gibraltar, British overseas territory near the southernmost tip of the Iberian Peninsula (Spain)
• Corregidor, an island in the Philippines
• Niue, an island near Tonga
• Rockall, a islet in the Atlantic Ocean, part of the United Kingdom
• Tutuila, the main island of American Samoa
• Marine Corps Base Camp Smedley D. Butler, a Marine Corps Base Camp in Okinawa Japan
• Foundation Stone, the rock inside Jerusalem's Dome of the Rock
• Newark's Prudential Center, nicknamed "The Rock" due to Prudential Financial's logo

Food[link]

• Rock candy, type of confectionery composed of large sugar crystals
• Rock (confectionery), type of stick-shaped boiled sugar confectionery
• Edinburgh rock, stick-shaped Scottish confection, notably different from ordinary rock
• Plymouth Rock (chicken), breed of chicken
• Rock salmon, Often referred to as Rock. Sold in UK fish and chip shops.

Computers[link]

• Rock (processor), microprocessor by Sun Microsystems
• Rocks Cluster Distribution, Linux distribution for cluster computing
• Rocks (PHP)

Sports[link]

• Rock, used in the sport of Curling
• The Rock (rugby team) or Atlantic Rock, a rugby union team based in St. John's, Newfoundland & Labrador, Canada
• The Rocks or the Scottish Rocks, a basketball team
• "The Rock," nickname of the athletic teams of Slippery Rock University of Pennsylvania
• "Rock" is a slang term for a basketball.

Other uses[link]

• ROCK1, human gene
• Rock or islet, small island
• Rock, or distaff, a tool used in spinning
• Rock, slang term for crack cocaine
• The Rock, a headland occupied by the original fortified town of Monaco, today's Monaco-Ville
• The Rock or Chicago, Rock Island and Pacific Railroad, former Class I railroad in the United States
• The Rocks, Inc., US military officers' organization
• The Rock (New Zealand), a New Zealand rock music radio station

See also[link]

• All pages beginning with "Rock"
• All pages with titles containing "Rock"
• Rock of Ages (disambiguation)
• Rock and roll (disambiguation)
• Rockman or Mega Man
• Rok (disambiguation)
• ROC (disambiguation)
• Roque (disambiguation)
• Rockfish (disambiguation)
• Rock River (disambiguation)
• David Rock (disambiguation)

This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the same title. If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article.

David Weckl
Dave Weckl live with the Mike Stern Band in 2009
Background information
Born	(1960-01-08) January 8, 1960 (age 52)
Genres	Jazz, jazz fusion, post-bop
Instruments	Drums
Labels	GRP, Stretch
Website	www.daveweckl.com

Dave Weckl in July 2004

Playing with the Chick Corea Elektric Band at the Blue Note in New York in December 2007

Dave Weckl (born January 8, 1960) is a highly acclaimed jazz fusion drummer. Weckl attended Francis Howell High School in St. Charles, MO and graduated in 1978. He majored in jazz studies at the University of Bridgeport in Connecticut. Starting out on the New York fusion scene in the early 1980s, Weckl soon found himself working with artists such as Paul Simon, Madonna, George Benson, Michel Camilo, Robert Plant and Anthony Jackson. His most famous early work though, where his popularity blossomed, was with the Chick Corea Elektric Band from 1985 to 1991.

Weckl spent a total of seven years with Corea, during which he performed on numerous albums and also appeared with Corea's Akoustic Band.^[1][2] He augmented his work with Corea by continuing his session work and appearing often with the GRP All-Star Big Band. In addition, he recorded four albums in 1988 and 1989 with the Manhattan Jazz Quintet. Weckl has also released a series of instructional videotapes, and in 1990, he led his first solo date, Master Plan, for GRP. Heads Up followed in 1992, as well as Hard-Wired in 1994.^[2]

After leaving Corea's band, Weckl recorded and toured with guitarist Mike Stern.^[3] Under his own name, he has been the leader of ten recordings since 1990, seven of which as the Dave Weckl Band. Dave endorses Yamaha Drums, Sabian Cymbals and Vic Firth Drumsticks, all of whom he has assisted with the design of new products, such as Sabian's HHX Evolution and HHX Legacy cymbal lines.

Around 1996, his style and setup radically changed, in large part because of his studies with Freddie Gruber.

Drumheads[link]

Remo Coated Ambassadors (toms), Coated Ambassadors (snare), Coated Ambassador (bass), Weckl Bass Drum Muffle and Weckl Active Snare Dampening System

Discography[link]

Dave Weckl:

• 1990 – Master Plan (GRP records)
• 1992 – Heads Up (GRP records)
• 1994 – Hard Wired (GRP records)

Dave Weckl Band:

• 1998 – Rhythm of the Soul (Stretch records)
• 1999 – Synergy (Stretch records)
• 2000 – Transition (Stretch records)
• 2001 – The Zone (Stretch records)
• 2002 – Perpetual Motion (Stretch records)
• 2003 – Live (And Very Plugged In) (Stretch records)
• 2005 – Multiplicity (Stretch records)

Videos[link]

• 1988 – Back to Basics (DCI music)
• 1990 – The Next Step (DCI music)
• 1993 – Working It Out: Latin Percussion I - With Walfredo Reyes Sr. (DCI music)
• 1993 – Working It Out: Latin Percussion II - With Walfredo Reyes Sr. (DCI Music)
• 2000 – How to Develop Your Own Sound (Carl Fischer publishing)
• 2000 – How to Practice (Carl Fischer publishing)
• 2000 – How to Develop Technique (Carl Fischer publishing)

Books[link]

• 1988 – Back to Basics
• 1992 – The Next Step (Manhattan Music)
• 1994 – Contemporary Drummer + One (Manhattan Music)
• 1997 – Ultimate Play-Along for Drums level I vol. I (Alfred Publishing Company)
• 1997 – Ultimate Play-Along for Drums level I vol. II (Alfred Publishing Company)
• 2001 – In Session with the Dave Weckl Band (Carl Fischer Music)
• 2004 – Exercises for Natural Playing (Carl Fischer Music)

Endorsers[link]

• Yamaha Drums
• Sabian Cymbals
• Vic Firth Sticks & Mallets
• Remo Drumheads
• Shure Microphones
• Latin Percussion
• M-Audio
• XL Cases

Notes[link]

1. ^ Freedman, Stefanee (9 March 2006). "Dave Weckl: Rhythm Talk". AllAboutJazz.com. http://www.allaboutjazz.com/php/article.php?id=20315. Retrieved 27 March 2010. 
2. ^ ^{a b} Huey, Steve. "Dave Weckl Biography". Allmusic. http://www.allmusic.com/artist/p136772/biography. Retrieved 27 March 2010. 
3. ^ "Dave Weckl at All About Jazz". http://www.allaboutjazz.com/php/musician.php?id=11238. Retrieved 27 March 2010. 

External links[link]

• Official site
• Dave Weckl on Drummerworld
• Dave Weckl at OnlineDrummer.com - Contains video clips.