Rajahmundry రాజమండ్రి Rajamahendri రాజమహేంద్రి
—  city  —
Godavari old and new bridges
Rajahmundry రాజమండ్రి Location of Rajahmundry రాజమండ్రి in Andhra Pradesh and India
Coordinates	16°59′N 81°47′E / 16.98°N 81.78°E / 16.98; 81.78Coordinates: 16°59′N 81°47′E / 16.98°N 81.78°E / 16.98; 81.78
Country	India
State	Andhra Pradesh
District(s)	East Godavari
Population • Density	343,903 (2011[update]) • 17,288 /km2 (44,776 /sq mi)
Sex ratio	1022 ♂/♀
Time zone	IST (UTC+05:30)
Area • Elevation	100 square kilometres (39 sq mi) • 14 metres (46 ft)
Codes • Pincode • 533101 to 533107 • Telephone • +91 883 • Vehicle • AP-5 AP-6
Website	www.rajahmundrycorporation.org

Rajahmundry or Rajamahendri (Telugu: రాజమండ్రి or రాజమహేంద్రి) is a city and municipal corporation of the Andhra Pradesh state in India. It is situated 400 kilometres (249 mi) east of the state capital, Hyderabad, on the banks of the River Godavari. Known as the Cultural Capital of Andhra Pradesh, Rajahmundry is noted for its versatile Vedic culture and intellect. It is the eighth most populous city in Andhra Pradesh. City Population is 343,903 (Census 2011)[2].

History[link]

The City origins can be traced back to the rule of the Chalukya king Rajaraja Narendra who reigned around 1022 A.D, after whom it is named Rajamahendri or Rajamahendravaram. Remains of 11th century palaces and fort walls still exist. However, new archeological evidence suggests that the town may have existed much before the Chalukyas.^[1] Rajamhendravaram was renamed Rajahmundry during the rule of the British, for whom the city was the headquarters of the Godavari district. When the district was split into East and West, subsequently, Kakinada - became the headquarters of East Godavari.

Rajahmundry is the acclaimed as the birthplace of Yasaswi the Great and the sweet Telugu language -- its grammar and script evolving from the pen of the city-born poet, Nannayya. Known also called 'Adi Kavi' (the first poet) of Telugu, Nannayya along with Tikkana and Yerrana, translated the Sanskrit version of Mahabharata into Telugu. Kandukuri Veeresalingam --a social reformer and the author of Rajashekhara Charithra, the first Telugu novel-- was also from Rajahmundry.

Rajahmundry was one of the biggest cities in South India until the 19th century. It was the hotbed of several movements during India's freedom struggle and acted as a base for many key leaders. When the Indian National Congress had its first meeting in Bombay (Mumbai), two leaders from Rajahmundry, Nyapathi Subba Rao and Kandukuri Veeresalingam participated in it. Subba Rao, founder of Hindu Samaj in Rajahmundry, was also one of the six founders of India's noted English daily The Hindu.

The rail road connecting the city with Vijayawada was laid in 1893. Colleges and various other institutions of Learning were set up at the same time. The Gowatami Grandhalayam, a well-known library was established in 1898.

Geography[link]

Rajahmundry is located at 16°59′N 81°47′E / 16.98°N 81.78°E / 16.98; 81.78.^[2] with an average elevation of 14 meters (45 feet). There is a lot of paddy and sugarcane cultivation in the area. River Godavari flows through the west of Rajahmundry.

The Rajahmundry traps, part of the Deccan Traps, are located on the Godavari river and are of particular interest to geologists.^[3]

Demographics[link]

As of 2011^[update] India census, Rajahmundry had a population of 343,903 with the male:female ratio almost equal. It had an average literacy rate of 82.50%, higher than the national average of 74.04%: male literacy of 86.44% and female literacy 78.65%.

Climate[link]

The climate is mostly hot and humid, with mostly a tropical climate and thereby, with no distinct seasons. The mean maximum temperature is 36 °C. The hottest season is from April to June, with temperature ranging from 34 °C to 48 °C -- with maximum of 51 °C recorded in May 2007. The coolest months are December and January, when it is pleasant at 27 °C - 30 °C. There is a lot of rain due to the monsoon and cyclonic storms in the Bay of Bengal.

Tourism[link]

Sunset over the Godavari river with the Havelock Bridge in the background

The biggest attraction in Rajahmundry is the river Godavari. The three bridges over the river are the longest in Andhra Pradesh. Numerous ghats and parks are situated along the river's banks as well.

Sir Arthur Cotton, a British irrigation engineer, oversaw the construction of the Dowleswaram Barrage in nearby Dowlaiswaram, a village eight kilometers downstream of Rajahmundry. The dam, which was completed in 1850, is composed of four divisions: Dowlaiswaram Division, Ryali Branch Division, Madduru division and Vijjeswaram division. This was all in all 900 yards (800 m) long and 9 feet (3 m) high, and comprised the rail-cum-road bridge linking Kovvur, Asia's second longest after the Japan's Kansai International Airport Sky Gate Bridge.

The First Godavari Rail Bridge was built in 1897, under the supervision of Er. Walton, a British engineer, across Godavari connecting East and West Godavari districts. Stretching for three kilometers, and constructed with stone masonry and steel girders, this bridge served the trains plying between Madras (Chennai) and Howrah (Kolkata). With increased traffic in freight and passengers, a rail-cum-road bridge was built across the river's downstream was inaugurated by the then president of India Dr. Fakruddin Ali Ahmed in 1977.

A third railway bridge, the The Godavari Arch Bridge, was built between 1991 and 1997. It was commissioned for passenger traffic in March 1997 and became fully operational for running trains by the Indian Railways from 2003, as the bridge built in 1897 was found not suitable for railway traffic anymore. The Dhowleswaram bridge across Godavari is seven kilometers south of Rajahmundry. On the banks is the Rallabandi SubbaRao Museum displaying coins, sculpture, pottery, inscriptions and palm-leaf manuscripts.

Rajahmundry is also a major Hindu pilgrimage sites, with a number of temples like the Kotilingalu (10 million Sivalingas) temple on the bank of Godavari. It hosts holy congregations called Pushkarams^[4] held once every 12 years and considered auspicious to take sin-ridding holy dips—with the last in August 2003, when around 34 million are said to have taken the bath. This festival lasts for 12 days and people offer prayers and make offerings to their departed family members. A huge and beautiful Krishna temple has been constructed by the ISKCON foundation on the banks of Godavari. Popularly called as Gowthami Ghat, it is a major attraction for young people as a recreational center.

A boat cruise on the river Godavari to Papikondalu, through the waterfalls at Perantala Palli, is a major attraction. Another spot is Pattiseema, known for its natural beauty and quite many movies filmed there.^{[citation needed]} Pedapatnam Lanka is called Konaseema because it is lush with greenery. Many sites in Konaseema are rich sources of oil and natural gas.^{[citation needed]}

With the recent growth in the industrial and commercial sectors, Pubs, Multiplex theaters and Shopping malls started budding up in the city.

A very famous sweet in coastal Andhra Pradesh, Pootarekulu is made in Atreyapuram, a village near Rajahmundry, The city is also known for rare breed of fish named Pulasa, available only once in a year during monsoon. Added to this, People enjoy rose milk, near the Kothagumam area, traditional pen-making shops where people can place order for a variety of pens and there are many nurseries in Kadiyam which is 13 kilometers away from Rajahmundry.

Hospitals[link]

The District Hospital of the East Godavari district is in Rajahmundry. Over the last three decades, the number of hospitals and practicing doctors has swelled. Due to its strategic location, Rajahmundry Government Hospital is the chief Hospital of people to both districts of Godavari, Khammam, parts of Visakhapatnam and Krishna—as well as to parts of Chattisgarh and Orissa states.

Trade[link]

Rajahmundry is known for its cloth trade, with many cooperative Hand loom houses providing fine quality of sarees with different designs and borders, as well as menswear. Rajahmundry is also coming up with many branded ready-made stores, with levi's, pepe jeans etc., stated to be the largest in India.

Gold business is also quite vibrant here. It stands just 2nd in India After Mumbai in Cloth and Gold Business. It is the Business hub for Godavari Districts. It comprises the tallest building of both the Godavari districts and as well as Krishna district.

“After Visakhapatnam, the real estate has taken a leap in Rajahmundry. The new SEZs are coming up between Rajahmundry and Kakinada. The floating population will automatically increasein coming years”-said R. Rajasekhar Raju, Industrialist, who is planning to establish multiplex in Rajahmundry near Godavari Railway Station. ^[5]

Educational institutions[link]

Throughout history, Rajahmundry has been a well educated city with educational jewels (Institutions) from the rule of Rajaraja Narendra to its glorious present. Recollect the song from the movie, "Andhra Kesari" which says "Vedamla Ghoshinche Godavari, Amara Dhamamla Bhasille Rajahmahendri". The Government Arts College, now called Government College (Autonomous)in Rajahmundry was founded more than 150 years ago and is a NAAC accredited (A) Institution. Dr. Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan, former President of India worked at this college. The Institutes founded by the great reformer Kandukuri Veeresalingam Panthulu have now grown into large colleges and organisations. SKR Women's college is famous for its campus and teaching facilities. The B.Ed Training Institute is one of the oldest in India. St.Ann's (EM) School,APPM Model High School,Bala Vigjana Mandir (B.V.M.),Sri Satya Sai Gurukulam,etc. being among the better known schools.

Adikavi Nannaya University established in March 2006 through the Government of Andhra Pradesh Act No. 28 of 2006 at Rajahmundry, is a unique addition to the existing Universities in India. Named after Adikavi of Telugu literature Nannayabhatta, the eleventh century poet laureate.

Godavari Institute of Engineering & Technology (GIET) was established in 1998 to offer engineering education of world-class standards. Over the years, the college has come a long way to gain a place of repute and a preferred destination for quality engineering education. Located in the serene and sylvan suburbs of Chaitanya Nagar, Rajahmundry on NH-5, the sprawling 300-acre campus of GIET campus reflects the finest educational facilities around.

GSL Medical College Rajahmundry Established in 2002 under the aegis of GSL Educational Society, GSL Medical College is one of the top private medical institutions in India.

"Telugu University" on 2 December 1985 through an Act of Legislation (Act No. 27 of 1985) Rajahmundry.

There is also a Godavari Chapter of Institute of Cost and Works Accountants of India for those aspiring to have cost & works accountancy as their profession, which provides regular coaching for the ICWA courses since 1993.

Institutions list[link]

List of Premium Under Graduate & Post Graduate Colleges in Rajahmundry

• Adikavi Nannayya University
• Sri Kandukuri Veeresalingam Theistic College
• Government College (Autonomous)
• Godavri Institute of Engineering & Technology
• Chaitanya Institute of Engineering & Technology
• Rajiv Gandhi Degree College
• Rajamahendri Institute of Engineering & Technology
• Rajahmundry Engineering College
• Krishna's Pragati Institute of Technology
• Sri Sai Madhavi Institute of Science & Technology
• BVC College of Engineering
• GSL Medical College
• Swatantra College of Nursing, Rajahmundry
• Swatantra Institute of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Rajahmundry
• Lenora Institute of Dental Sciences, Rajahmundry
• Dr. Allu Ramalingaiah Government Homoeopathic Medical College
• SRKR College for Women
• Smt Addepalli Mahalakshmi Devi College of Education for Women, Rajahmundry
• GSKM Law College
• Veeravalli College of Law
• Telugu University
• G.M.R.Polytechnic College

List of Junior Colleges in Rajahmundry

• Andhra Kesari Centenary Junior College
• Government Jr College

Rajahmundry has many more Educational Institutions & Colleges, as well as number of International, Techno, ICSE, CBSE & SSC Schools.

Transportation[link]

• Rajahmundry is well connected to all parts of the state. NH-5 passes through Rajahmundry (via lalacheruvu). With one national highway and two state highways, it has excellent road connectivity to all important places like Annavaram, Vijayawada, Visakhapatnam, Hyderabad, Chennai, Bhubhaneswar, Kolkata, Bhopal, Gwalior, Jabalpur, Jaipur, Bangalore and Lucknow. It is the main transportation hub for both the Godavari districts.

• The City is also well connected by the railway network. Rajahmundry has one of the biggest railway stations in Andhra Pradesh and is one of the top revenue generators for South Central Railways. All trains along the Howrah-Chennai route stop here. It is also connected by a number of trains from Hyderabad, Chennai, Kolkata, Mumbai, Bangalore and other major cities in the country.

• Rajahmundry is accessible by air from Hyderabad. Daily flights are operated by Jet Airways and Spicejet from the Rajahmundry Airport situated near Madhurapudi 10 km away from the heart of the city. The Andhra Pradesh government signed a Rs.23 crore MoU with the Airport Authority of India (AAI) in February 2007^[6] for the installation of night landing facilities and construction of a new terminal building at the Rajahmundry airport. Greater Noida Rajahmundry flights are the popular domestic sector having flights from almost all full service domestic airlines. ^[7]

• The recent tourism developments by the government has made excellent platform for Rajahmundry to boast itself as water-way transport hub. Though currently the water way transport caters for select few purposes like pilgrimage, tourism etc., the government has huge plans for the future.

• The Municipal corporation of Rajahmundry is planning to upgrade it form corporation to urban development authority the "Vision City". Recently this city has secured Greater status.

Theatres[link]

There are 26 movie theaters in Rajahmundry.

• Apsara Theater
• Ashoka Mahal
• Annapurna Theater
• Durga Mahal (Dowileswaram)
• Geetha Apsara Theater
• Jayaram Theater
• Kumari Picture Palace
• Lakshmi Talkies
• Menaka Theater
• Nagadevi Theater
• Nataraja Theater
• Raja Theater
• Rama Krishna Theater
• Sai Krishna Theater
• Ramba Theater
• Sree Sivajyothi Theater
• Sri Lakshmi Theater
• Sri Venkata Surya Picture
• Surya Mini
• Surya Palace
• Swamy Talkies
• Syamala talkies
• Urvasi Theater
• Vijaya Theater(Dowileswaram)
• Veerabhadra Picture Palace
• VS Mahal

Multiplexes are blooming as Rajahmundry is will be receiving Greater status.www.iidcindia.co.in/Uploads/.../RfQAdvertisement,Rajahmundry.pdf^[8] Three multiplex theatres and big shopping malls are planned in 2008 in Rajahmundry. One is by Reliance near Chitrangi guesthouse, second is by Anand Regency Hotels and third one is by a private party near a hotel adjacent to Godavari Railway Station. All multiplexes are going to have theatres, shopping complexes, food courts and lot of fun games.^[9]

Star Hotels, & Resorts[link]

• Anand Regency
• Shelton Hotel
• Riverbay
• La Hospin Hotel & Resort
• Akshaya Residency
• Akanksha Inn
• Jetty Grand
• Mahalakshmi

Notable people[link]

• Sri Nannayya, (ca. 11th century AD) is the earliest known Telugu author, and the author of the first third of the Andhra Mahabharatamu, a Telugu retelling of the Mahabharata.
• Sri Rajaraja Narendra, (1019–1061 CE) was the Eastern Chalukya king of the Vengi kingdom in South India. Rajaraja was related to the Cholas of Tanjavur by marital and political links. Rajaraja Narendra established the city Rajahmahendravaram(Rajamundry).
• Sri Kandukuri Veeresalingam (1848–1919), a renowned social reformer, is widely considered as the man who first brought about a renaissance in the Telugu people and Telugu literature; he is also known to have helped women come out of their closets.
• General Sir Arthur Thomas Cotton, (Telugu: కాటన్ దొర) (15 May 1803 – 24 July 1899) was a British general and irrigation engineer.
• Sri Adurthi Subba Rao, Prominent Old-time Director & Producer of Telugu & Hindi Films.
• Sri Vundavalli Aruna Kumar 2 time MP of Rajahmundry a Lawyer and excellent speaker
• Jakkampudi Rammohan Rao, Ex-Minister
• Julia Maitland, a campaigner for "native" education, founded a multilingual school and reading room in the town in 1837.^[10]
• Jaya Prada, a popular actress of Telugu & Hindi film industry has entered politics and got elected as Member of Parliament from Rampur constituency of UP on Samajwadi Party ticket

Entertainers[link]

• Ali (actor), Actor
• Anjali (actress)
• Bhanupriya, Actress
• Jaya Prada, Actress
• Sameera Reddy, Bollywood Actress
• Sriman (actor)
• Raja Babu (actor)
• Relangi (actor), Actor
• Rasool Ellore, Bollywood and Hollywood cameraman
• Thotakura Venkata Raju,(Music Director, Singer)
• Tanguturi Suryakumari, Actor,^[11] Classical Singer and Dancer, First Miss Madras,^[12] and evangelist of yoga and Indian dance in US^[13]

References[link]

External links[link]

Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Rajahmundry

• Rajahmundry Municipal Corporation

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Amala Paul
Amala Paul at a public relations event (2010)
Born	Amala Paul (1991-10-26)October 26, 1991 Kochi, Kerala, India
Other names	Anakha
Occupation	Actress, model
Years active	2009 – present

Amala Paul (born October 26, 1991) is an Indian film actress, who works primarily in the Tamil film industry. After appearing in supporting roles in a few low budget ventures, she received critical acclaim for the portrayal of a controversial character in the film, Sindhu Samaveli. Despite the failure of that film, Amala became noted after playing the title role in Mynaa, receiving critical acclaim for her work. Since then, she has been signed on for several notable projects and is considered the leading upcoming actress in Tamil films.^[1]

Career[link]

Early career[link]

Amala Paul, after finishing her Plus Two education, took a year out before planning to pursue engineering. At the time, her modelling portfolio was spotted by noted Malayalam director Lal Jose who offered her a supporting role in his remake, Neelathamara (2009). Despite emerging a success, the film failed to attract any further offers, as she had anticipated.^[2] She pursued roles in Tamil films and went on to sign the low-budget comedy film Vikadakavi which was delayed and ultimately became her sixth release, while also signing on to play the lead role in another small budget film Veerasekaran (2010). The film, which became her maiden Tamil release, was panned by critics and went completely unnoticed,^[3][4] while Amala's role was being labelled as 'minimal',^[3] and she later cited that she regretted doing the film and many of her scenes were edited out.^[2] Amala Paul then went on to work in Samy's controversial Sindhu Samaveli (2010), portraying the role of Sundari, who has an illicit relationship with her father-in-law. The director of the film had previously drawn criticism for his depictions of illicit romances as well as for assaulting his previous lead actress in a film, but Amala played down the issue citing that she had no problem with the director.^[2] She was approached after the major portions of her next release, Mynaa were ready and signed on before listening to the entirety of the story, claiming that she was shocked but not upset with the controversial scenes which she heard later.^[2] Upon release, the film met with contrasting reviews, whilst some critics refused to give the film a rating, declaring their disgust at the film's plot.^[5][6] Amala's performance won her critical acclaim. However her success was marred with extreme reactions from the public, with Amala claiming she received death threats from anonymous callers and was publicly scolded by women at a cinema hall in Chennai.^[7]

[edit] Mynaa and the future (2010 - present)

Amala's next release, the romantic drama film Mynaa (2010) by Prabhu Solomon, made her a recognised actress in the industry. The film had garnered much anticipation prior to release, with noted distributors Udhayanidhi Stalin and Kalpathi S. Aghoram purchasing the rights of the film after being impressed with it.^[8] Amala played the village belle Mynaa, attaining unanimous praise from critics for her portrayal; a critic labelled her work as "outstanding" and that she put in a "riveting performance",^[9] while other reviews claimed she had "immense talent" and scores in "every instance" in the title role.^[10] The film, which also saw her gain recognition from noted actors Kamal Haasan and Rajinikanth, subsequently became a large commercial success at the box-office.^[8] Amala Paul gained recognition from several award committees and notably secured the Vijay Award for Best Debut Actress, while also gaining nominations in the Best Actress category at the Filmfare Awards and the Vijay Awards.

Following the success of Mynaa, Amala became touted as the "new star of 2011" as she subsequently signed on to several prominent projects.^[1] Her first release of 2011 was in a supporting role in the Malayalam drama film, Ithu Nammude Katha, a remake of the successful Tamil film Naadodigal and the second was meant to be her launch in Tamil films, the coming-to-age tale of five friends Vikadakavi with the film opening to limited screens. Both films opened to limited screens due to the moderate budget of the projects, with her performance in the latter being described as "full of potential".^[11] She went on to sign three big budget films with established production houses, with the drama Deiva Thirumagal directed by Vijay, featuring her opposite Vikram and alongside Anushka,^[12] becoming her next release. Her portrayal of school correspondent Shwetha Rajendran won critical acclaim with a reviewer citing that her "expressive eyes help her leave a mark in a small but important role" whilst another critic claimed she "acquits herself well".^[13][14] Her final release of 2011 was Ram Gopal Varma's Bejawada which marked her début in Telugu language films. The film saw her portray college girl, Geetanjali, and featured her opposite Naga Chaitanya, but the film opened to negative reviews and became a surprise box office failure.^[15]

Amala Paul's first release of 2012 was in Linguswamy's multi-starring action entertainer, Vettai, alongside Arya, Madhavan and Sameera Reddy.^[12] The film opened to critical and commercial acclaim with The New York Times claiming the film "entertains without breaking any new ground, though it can also surprise".^[16] Amala Paul won mixed feedback for her performance; while the critic from Sify mentioned she "is lovely to look at and her feisty performance proves that a star is born",^[17] Pavithra Srinivasan of Rediff cited she "struts, pouts and hams to the hilt".^[18] The actress had three films released on the Valentine's Day weekend of 2012, with Balaji Mohan's bilingual Kadhalil Sodhappuvadhu Yeppadi and Love Failure becoming critical and commercial successes. The film, made in Tamil and Telugu, featured her alongside Siddharth and portrayed as her college girl, Parvathi, showing her romantic encounter. About the Tamil version, a reviewer from The Hindu wrote: "Amala Paul, after coming across as convincing in her last few movies, looks finally set as a leading lady", while another critc labelled that she "comes across as natural" and "it is a pleasure to see her in a role and costumes that suit her age as compared to her recent movies".^[19][20] Rediff.com called the Telugu version of the film "refreshing", highlighting that the lead pair's on-screen chemistry "sparkles".^[21] The romantic musical Muppozhudhum Un Karpanaigal opposite Adharvaa, also released on the same day in which she played Charulatha, a modern girl based in Bangalore. She played a notable role in renowned director Dr. Biju's Aakashathinte Niram, which was her first art-house film. The film was screened at the competition section for the Golden Goblet Award in the 15th Shanghai International Film Festival.

Personal life[link]

Amala was born on October 26, 1991 in Ernakulam, Kerala to Christian Malayali parents, Paul Varghese and Annice Paul.^[22] After completing her Plus Two examinations at Nirmala Higher Secondary School, Aluva she took a sabbatical to begin a career in films, but has since joined St. Teresa's College in Kochi, to pursue a BA degree in English and is currently in her third year.^[12][23] Her father had been strictly against Amala pursuing an acting career, but was forced to accept her decision with her older brother, Abijith, strongly backing her ambition.^[12] She later claimed she had performing arts in her DNA, revealing that her mother was a singer and her dad was into theatre in college.^[24] Amala had changed her on-screen name to Anakha, on director Samy's insistence, who cited that another actress, Amala had already made her name popular. However, after the failure of Sindhu Samaveli, she reverted to her birth name since she felt that the replacement had brought her bad luck.^[12]

Filmography[link]

Awards[link]

|Just For Women- Sun TV |Youth Female Actor |style="background: #99FF99; color: black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center; " class="yes table-yes2"|Won |}

References[link]

External links[link]

• Amala Paul at the Internet Movie Database
• Amala Paul in Twitter