1982 Fifa World Cup

Sunday, 24 February 2013

FIFA World Cup 1982 - All the Goals [1-7]

Brazil Vs Soviet Union- 14/6/1982 1982 FIFA World Cup Group 6

Argentina vs Brazil - World Cup 1982 - part 1/7

1982 FIFA World Cup Final Italy 3 West Germany 1.wmv

FIFA World Cup 1982 Soviet Union vs Scotland

1982 FIFA World Cup Third place Poland 3 France 2.wmv

1982 FIFA World Cup First round Group 3.wmv

1982 FIFA World Cup First round Group 4.wmv

1982 FIFA World Cup First round Group 5.wmv

1982 FIFA World Cup First round Group 6.wmv

FIFA World Cup 1982 - All the Goals [5-7]

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A Coruña
A Coruña (Galician: [a koˈɾuɲa]) or La Coruña (Spanish: [la koˈɾuɲa]) (still sometimes known as Corunna in English, and archaically as The Groyne) is a city and municipality of Galicia, Spain. It is the second-largest city in the autonomous community and seventeenth overall in the country. The city is the provincial capital of the province of the same name, having also served as political capital of the Kingdom of Galicia from the 16th to the 19th centuries, and as a regional administrative centre between 1833 and 1982, before being replaced by Santiago de Compostela.
A Coruña is a busy port located on a promontory in the entrance of an estuary in a large gulf (the Portus Magnus Artabrorum of the classical geographers) on the Atlantic Ocean. It provides a distribution point for agricultural goods from the region. Although much of the heavy industry is based on the shipyards and metalworks of the neighbouring city of Ferrol, there is an oil refinery in A Coruña itself.
In English, use of the Spanish or Galician forms now predominates. However, the traditional form Corunna can still be found, particularly in reference to the Battle of Corunna in the Peninsular War. Archaically, the city was known as The Groyne, probably from French "La Corogne", although this name could also be as much a geographical description given the city occupies a small peninsula protruding out into the Atlantic. In Spain, currently the only official form of the name is the Galician one, "A Coruña". Nonetheless, the Spanish form, La Coruña, is still widespread, and it is the traditional name in Spanish recommended by the Real Academia Española for texts in Spanish. It is usually used in extra-official documents and in conversations between Spanish-speakers.^{[citation needed]}

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Algeria
Coordinates: 28°N 2°E / 28°N 2°E / 28; 2
Algeria ⁱ/ælˈdʒɪəriə/ (Arabic: الجزائر‎, al-Jazā'ir; Berber: ⴷⵣⴰⵢⴻⵔ Dzayer), officially the People's Democratic Republic of Algeria (الجمهورية الجزائرية الديمقراطية الشعبية, al-Jumhūriyyah al-Jazāʾiriyyah ad-Dīmuqrāṭiyyah ash-Shaʿbiyyah), also formally referred to as the Democratic and Popular Republic of Algeria, is a large country in the Maghreb region of Northwest Africa with Algiers as its capital.
When referring to its land area, Algeria is the largest country in Africa, Maghreb and the Arab World. It is also the largest of the countries bordering the Mediterranean Sea; it is also the tenth-largest country in the world. The country is bordered in the northeast by Tunisia, in the east by Libya, in the west by Morocco, in the southwest by Western Sahara, Mauritania, and Mali, in the southeast by Niger, and in the north by the Mediterranean Sea. Its size is almost 2,400,000 square kilometres (926,645 sq mi) with an estimated population of 37.1 million as of 2012. Algeria is a member of the African Union, the Arab League, OPEC and the United Nations. The country is also a founding member of the Arab Maghreb Union.

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Alicante
Alicante (Spanish: [aliˈkante]) or Alacant (Valencian: [alaˈkant]) is a city in Spain, the capital of the province of Alicante and of the comarca of Alacantí, in the south of the Valencian Community. It is also a historic Mediterranean port. The population of the city of Alicante proper was 334,329, estimated as of 2011^[update], ranking as the second-largest Valencian city. Including nearby municipalities, the Alicante conurbation had 462,281 residents. The population of the metropolitan area (including Elche and satellite towns) was 771,061 as of 2011^[update] estimates, ranking as the eighth-largest metropolitan area of Spain.
The area around Alicante has been inhabited for over 7000 years, with the first tribes of hunter gatherers moving down gradually from Central Europe between 5000 and 3000 BC. Some of the earliest settlements were made on the slopes of Mount Benacantil. By 1000 BC Greek and Phoenician traders had begun to visit the eastern coast of Spain, establishing small trading ports and introducing the native Iberian tribes to the alphabet, iron and the pottery wheel. By the 3rd century BC, the rival armies of Carthage and Rome began to invade and fight for control of the Iberian Peninsula. The Carthaginian general Hamilcar Barca established the fortified settlement of Akra Leuka (Greek: Ἄκρα Λευκά, meaning "White Mountain" or "White Point"), where Alicante stands today.

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Argentina
Argentina ⁱ/ˌɑrdʒənˈtiːnə/, officially the Argentine Republic (Spanish: República Argentina [reˈpuβlika aɾxenˈtina]), is a country in South America, the continent's second largest by land area, after Brazil. It is constituted as a federation of 23 provinces and an autonomous city, Buenos Aires. It is the eighth-largest country in the world by land area and the largest among Spanish-speaking nations.
Argentina's continental area is between the Andes mountain range in the west and the Atlantic Ocean in the east. It borders Paraguay and Bolivia to the north, Brazil and Uruguay to the northeast, and Chile to the west and south. Argentine claims over Antarctica, as well as overlapping claims made by Chile and the United Kingdom, are suspended by the Antarctic Treaty of 1961. Argentina also claims the Falkland Islands (Spanish: Islas Malvinas) and South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands, which are administered by the United Kingdom as British Overseas Territories.
A recognised middle power, Argentina is Latin America's third-largest economy, with a "very high" rating on the Human development index. Within Latin America, Argentina has the fifth highest nominal GDP per capita and the highest in purchasing power terms. Analysts have argued that the country has a "foundation for future growth due to its market size, levels of foreign direct investment, and percentage of high-tech exports as share of total manufactured goods", and it is classed by investors as middle emerging economy. Argentina is a founding member of the United Nations, Mercosur, the Union of South American Nations, the Organization of Ibero-American States, the World Bank Group and the World Trade Organization, and is one of the G-15 and G-20 major economies.

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Australia
Australia ( /əˈstreɪljə/), officially the Commonwealth of Australia, is a country in the Southern Hemisphere comprising the mainland of the Australian continent as well as the island of Tasmania and numerous smaller islands in the Indian and Pacific Oceans. It is the world's sixth-largest country by total area. Neighbouring countries include Indonesia, East Timor and Papua New Guinea to the north; the Solomon Islands, Vanuatu and New Caledonia to the north-east; and New Zealand to the south-east.
For at least 40,000 years before European settlement in the late 18th century, Australia was inhabited by indigenous Australians, who belonged to one or more of roughly 250 language groups. After discovery by Dutch explorers in 1606, Australia's eastern half was claimed by Great Britain in 1770 and settled through penal transportation to the colony of New South Wales from 26 January 1788. The population grew steadily in subsequent decades; the continent was explored and an additional five self-governing Crown Colonies were established.

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Austria
Austria (ⁱ/ˈɒstriə/ or /ˈɔːstriə/; German: Österreich [ˈøːstɐˌʁaɪç] ( listen)), officially the Republic of Austria (German: Republik Österreich (help·info)), is a landlocked country of roughly 8.47 million people in Central Europe. It is bordered by the Czech Republic and Germany to the north, Hungary and Slovakia to the east, Slovenia and Italy to the south, and Switzerland and Liechtenstein to the west. The territory of Austria covers 83,855 square kilometres (32,377 sq mi) and has a temperate and alpine climate. Austria's terrain is highly mountainous due to the presence of the Alps; only 32% of the country is below 500 metres (1,640 ft), and its highest point is 3,798 metres (12,461 ft). The majority of the population speak local Austro-Bavarian dialects of German as their native language, and German in its standard form is the country's official language. Other local official languages are Burgenland Croatian, Hungarian and Slovene.
The origins of modern-day Austria date back to the time of the Habsburg dynasty when the vast majority of the country was a part of the Holy Roman Empire of the German Nation. During the 17th and 18th centuries, Austria became one of the great powers of Europe and, in response to the coronation of Napoleon I as the Emperor of the French, the Austrian Empire was officially proclaimed in 1804. In 1867, the Austrian Empire was reformed into Austria-Hungary.

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Bahrain
Bahrain ( pronunciation) (Arabic: ‏البحرين‎, al-Baḥrayn) (Persian: ‏بحرين‎, Baḥrain), officially the Kingdom of Bahrain (Arabic: مملكة البحرين‎, Mamlakat al-Baḥrayn), is a small island state near the western shores of the Persian Gulf. It is ruled by the Al Khalifa royal family. The population in 2010 stood at 1,234,571, including 666,172 non-nationals. Formerly an emirate, Bahrain was declared a kingdom in 2002.
Bahrain is an archipelago of 33 islands, the largest being Bahrain Island, at 55 km (34 mi) long by 18 km (11 mi) wide. Saudi Arabia lies to the west and is connected to Bahrain by the King Fahd Causeway. The peninsula of Qatar is to the southeast across the Gulf of Bahrain. The planned Qatar Bahrain Causeway will link Bahrain and Qatar and become the world's longest marine causeway.
Known for its oil and pearls, Bahrain is also home to many large structures, including the Bahrain World Trade Center and the Bahrain Financial Harbour, with a proposal in place to build the 1,022 m (3,353 ft) high Murjan Tower. The Qal'at al-Bahrain (the harbour and capital of the ancient land of Dilmun) was declared a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 2005. The Bahrain Formula One Grand Prix takes place at the Bahrain International Circuit.

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Barcelona
Barcelona (English /bɑrsɨˈloʊnə/, Catalan: [bərsəˈɫonə], Spanish: [barθeˈlona]) is the capital of Catalonia and the second largest city in Spain, after Madrid, with a population of 1,621,537 within its administrative limits on a land area of 101.4 km² (39 sq mi). The urban area of Barcelona extends beyond the administrative city limits with a population of between 4,200,000 and 4,500,000 within an area of 803 km² (310 sq mi), being the sixth-most populous urban area in the European Union after Paris, London, the Ruhr, Madrid and Milan. About five million people live in the Barcelona metropolitan area. It is also Europe's largest metropolis on the Mediterranean Sea. It is the main component of an administrative area of Greater Barcelona, with a population of 3,218,071 in an area of 636 km² (density 5,060 hab/km²). It is located on the Mediterranean coast between the mouths of the rivers Llobregat and Besòs and is bounded to the west by the Serra de Collserola ridge (512 m/1,680 ft).
Founded as a Roman city, Barcelona became the capital of the County of Barcelona. After merging with the Kingdom of Aragon, Barcelona became one of the most important cities of the Crown of Aragon. Besieged several times during its history, Barcelona has a rich cultural heritage and is today an important cultural centre and a major tourist destination. Particularly renowned are the architectural works of Antoni Gaudí and Lluís Domènech i Montaner, which have been designated UNESCO World Heritage Sites. The headquarters of the Union for the Mediterranean is located in Barcelona. The city is known for hosting the 1992 Summer Olympics as well as world-class conferences and expositions, including the 1888 Exposición Universal de Barcelona, the 1929 Barcelona International Exposition (Expo 1929), the 2004 Universal Forum of Cultures, and the 2004 World Urban Forum.

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Belgium
Belgium (ⁱ/ˈbɛldʒəm/ BEL-jəm), officially the Kingdom of Belgium, is a federal state in Western Europe. It is a founding member of the European Union and hosts the EU's headquarters, and those of several other major international organisations such as NATO. Belgium covers an area of 30,528 square kilometres (11,787 sq mi), and it has a population of about 11 million people. Straddling the cultural boundary between Germanic and Latin Europe, Belgium is home to two main linguistic groups, the Dutch-speakers, mostly Flemish (about 60%), and the French-speakers, mostly Walloons (about 40%), plus a small group of German-speakers. Belgium's two largest regions are the Dutch-speaking region of Flanders in the north and the French-speaking southern region of Wallonia. The Brussels-Capital Region, officially bilingual, is a mostly French-speaking enclave within the Flemish Region. A German-speaking Community exists in eastern Wallonia. Belgium's linguistic diversity and related political conflicts are reflected in the political history and a complex system of government.

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Bilbao
Bilbao ( /bɪlˈbaʊ/, /bɪlˈbɑːoʊ/;Spanish: [bilˈβao]; Basque: Bilbo, IPA: [bilbo]) is a municipality and city in Spain, the capital of the province of Biscay in the autonomous community of the Basque Country. With a population of 353,187 as of 2010^[update], it is the largest city of its autonomous community and the tenth largest in Spain. With roughly 1 million inhabitants, Bilbao lies within one of the most populous metropolitan areas in northern Spain. The Bilbao metropolitan area includes the comarca of Greater Bilbao (875,552) plus satellite towns, ranking the fifth largest in Spain.
Bilbao is situated in the north-central part of Spain, some 14 kilometres (8.7 mi) south of the Bay of Biscay, where the estuary of Bilbao is formed. Its main urban core is surrounded by two small mountain ranges with an average elevation of 400 metres (1,300 ft).
Since its foundation in the early 14th century, Bilbao was a commercial hub that enjoyed significant importance in the Green Spain, mainly thanks to its port activity based on the export of iron extracted from the Biscayan quarries. Throughout the nineteenth century and beginnings of the twentieth, Bilbao experienced heavy industrialization that made it the centre of the second industrialized region of Spain, behind Barcelona. This was joined by an extraordinary population explosion that prompted the anexation of several adjacent municipalities. Nowadays, Bilbao is a vigorous service city that is experiencing an ongoing social, economic, and aesthetic revitalization process, started by the symbolic Bilbao Guggenheim Museum, and continued by infrastructure investments, such as the airport terminal, the rapid transit system, the tram line, the Alhóndiga, or the currently under development Abandoibarra and Zorrozaurre renewal projects.

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Bolivia
Coordinates: 16°42′43″S 64°39′58″W / 16.712°S 64.666°W / -16.712; -64.666 Bolivia (ⁱ/bəˈlɪviə/, Spanish: [boliˈβja]) officially known as Plurinational State of Bolivia (Spanish: Estado Plurinacional de Bolivia, Quechua: Bulivya Mamallaqta, Aymara: Wuliwya Suyu), is a landlocked country in central South America. It is bordered by Brazil to the north and east, Paraguay and Argentina to the south, Chile to the southwest, and Peru to the west.
Prior to European colonization, the Andean region of Bolivia was a part of the Inca Empire – the largest state in Pre-Columbian America. The Spanish Empire conquered the region in the 16th century. During most of the Spanish colonial period, this territory was called Upper Peru and was under the administration of the Viceroyalty of Peru, which included most of Spain's South American colonies. After declaring independence in 1809, 16 years of war followed before the establishment of the Republic, named for Simón Bolívar, on 6 August 1825. Bolivia has struggled through periods of political instability, dictatorships and economic woes.

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Brazil
Brazil ⁱ/brəˈzɪl/ (Portuguese: Brasil, IPA: [bɾaˈziw]), officially the Federative Republic of Brazil (Portuguese: República Federativa do Brasil, listen (help·info)), is the largest country in South America. It is the world's fifth largest country, both by geographical area and by population with over 192 million people. It is the only Portuguese-speaking country in the Americas and the largest lusophone country in the world.
Bounded by the Atlantic Ocean on the east, Brazil has a coastline of 7,491 km (4,655 mi). It is bordered on the north by Venezuela, Guyana, Suriname and the French overseas region of French Guiana; on the northwest by Colombia; on the west by Bolivia and Peru; on the southwest by Argentina and Paraguay and on the south by Uruguay. Numerous archipelagos form part of Brazilian territory, such as Fernando de Noronha, Rocas Atoll, Saint Peter and Paul Rocks, and Trindade and Martim Vaz. It borders all other South American countries except Ecuador and Chile.
Brazil was a colony of Portugal from the landing of Pedro Álvares Cabral in 1500 until 1815, when it was elevated to the rank of kingdom and the United Kingdom of Portugal, Brazil and the Algarves was formed. The colonial bond was in fact broken in 1808, when the capital of the Portuguese colonial empire was transferred from Lisbon to Rio de Janeiro, after Napoleon invaded Portugal.Independence was achieved in 1822 with the formation of the Empire of Brazil, a unitary state governed under a constitutional monarchy and a parliamentary system. The country became a presidential republic in 1889, when a military coup d'état proclaimed the Republic, although the bicameral legislature, now called Congress, dates back to the ratification of the first constitution in 1824. Its current Constitution, formulated in 1988, defines Brazil as a Federal Republic. The Federation is formed by the union of the Federal District, the 26 States, and the 5,564 Municipalities.

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Bulgaria
Coordinates: 42°45′N 25°30′E / 42.75°N 25.5°E / 42.75; 25.5
Bulgaria ⁱ/bʌlˈɡɛəriə/ (Bulgarian: България, IPA: [bɤ̞ɫˈɡarijɐ]), is a country located in Southeastern Europe. It is bordered by Romania to the north, Serbia and the Macedonia to the west, Greece and Turkey to the south and the Black Sea to the east. With a territory of 110,994 square kilometres (42,855 sq mi), Bulgaria is Europe's 14th-largest country. Its location has made it a historical crossroad for various civilisations and as such it is the home of some of the earliest metalworking, religious and other cultural artifacts in the world.
Prehistoric cultures began developing on Bulgarian lands during the Neolithic period. Its ancient history was marked by the presence of the Thracians, and later by the Greeks and Romans. The emergence of a unified Bulgarian ethnicity and state dates back to the First Bulgarian Empire, which dominated most of the Balkans and functioned as a cultural hub for Slavic peoples during the Middle Ages. With the downfall of the Second Bulgarian Empire in 1396, its territories came under Ottoman rule for nearly five hundred years. The Russo-Turkish War of 1877–1878 resulted in the Third Bulgarian State, recognised in 1908. The following years saw several conflicts with its neighbours, which prompted Bulgaria to align with Germany in both World Wars. In 1946 it became a Communist republic with a single-party system until 1989, when the Communist Party allowed multi-party elections. After 1990 Bulgaria transitioned to democracy and a market-based economy.

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Cameroon
Cameroon, officially the Republic of Cameroon (French: République du Cameroun), is a country in west Central Africa. It is bordered by Nigeria to the west; Chad to the northeast; the Central African Republic to the east; and Equatorial Guinea, Gabon, and the Republic of the Congo to the south. Cameroon's coastline lies on the Bight of Bonny, part of the Gulf of Guinea and the Atlantic Ocean. The country is called "Africa in miniature" for its geological and cultural diversity. Natural features include beaches, deserts, mountains, rainforests, and savannas. The highest point is Mount Cameroon in the southwest, and the largest cities are Douala, Yaoundé, and Garoua. Cameroon is home to over 200 different linguistic groups. The country is well known for its native styles of music, particularly makossa and bikutsi, and for its successful national football team. French and English are the official languages.
Early inhabitants of the territory included the Sao civilisation around Lake Chad and the Baka hunter-gatherers in the southeastern rainforest. Portuguese explorers reached the coast in the 15th century and named the area Rio dos Camarões ("River of Prawns"), the name from which Cameroon derives. Fulani soldiers founded the Adamawa Emirate in the north in the 19th century, and various ethnic groups of the west and northwest established powerful chiefdoms and fondoms. Cameroon became a German colony in 1884.

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Chile
Chile (ⁱ/ˈtʃɪliː/ or /ˈtʃɪleɪ/), officially the Republic of Chile (Spanish: República de Chile [reˈpuβlika ðe ˈtʃile] ( listen)), is a country in South America occupying a long, narrow strip of land between the Andes mountains to the east and the Pacific Ocean to the west. It borders Peru to the north, Bolivia to the northeast, Argentina to the east, and the Drake Passage in the far south. Along with Ecuador, it is one of two countries in South America that do not border Brazil. Chilean territory includes the Pacific islands of Juan Fernández, Salas y Gómez, Desventuradas and Easter Island. Chile also claims about 1,250,000 square kilometres (480,000 sq mi) of Antarctica, although all claims are suspended under the Antarctic Treaty.
Chile's distinctive shape—4,300 kilometres (2,700 mi) long and on average 175 kilometres (109 mi) wide—makes it the longest country in the world, north to south, with the fifth lengthiest coastline at over 78 thousand kilometers. The diverse climate of Chile ranges from the world's driest desert in the north—the Atacama—through a Mediterranean climate in the centre, humid subtropical in Easter Island, to an Oceanic climate, including alpine tundra and glaciers in the east and south. The northern desert contains great mineral wealth, principally copper. The relatively small central area dominates in terms of population and agricultural resources, and is the cultural and political center from which Chile expanded in the late 19th century when it incorporated its northern and southern regions. Southern Chile is rich in forests and grazing lands, and features a string of volcanoes and lakes. The southern coast is a labyrinth of fjords, inlets, canals, twisting peninsulas, and islands.

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Colombia
Colombia ( /kəˈlʌmbiə/ kə-LUM-biə, or /kəˈlɒmbiə/ kə-LOM-biə), officially the Republic of Colombia (Spanish: República de Colombia [reˈpuβlika ðe koˈlombja]), is a unitary constitutional republic comprising thirty-two departments. The country is located in northwestern South America, bordered to the northwest by Panama; to the north by the Caribbean Sea; to the east by Venezuela and Brazil; to the south by Ecuador and Peru; and to the west by the Pacific Ocean. Colombia has maritime borders with Ecuador, Panama, Venezuela, Jamaica, Haiti, the Dominican Republic, Honduras, Nicaragua and Costa Rica. Colombia is the 26th largest country by area and the fourth largest in South America after Brazil, Argentina and Peru. With over 46 million people, Colombia is the 27th largest country in the world by population and has the second largest population of any Spanish-speaking country in the world, after Mexico. Colombia is a middle power, with the fourth largest economy in Latin America, and the third largest in South America. Colombia is famous for the production of coffee, flowers, emeralds, coal, and oil. All of these products make up the primary sector of economy.

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Costa Rica
Costa Rica is a country in Central America, bordered by Nicaragua to the north, Panama to the southeast, the Pacific Ocean to the west, and the Caribbean Sea to the east.
Costa Rica, which means "Rich Coast", constitutionally abolished its army permanently in 1949. It is the only Latin American country included in the list of the world's 22 older democracies. Costa Rica has consistently been among the top Latin American countries in the Human Development Index (HDI), ranked 69th in the world in 2011. Also was cited by the UNDP in 2010 as one of the countries that have attained much higher human development than other countries at the same income levels, and in 2011 was highlighted by UNDP for being a good performer on environmental sustainability, and better record on human development and inequality than the median of their region. It was also the only country to meet all five criteria established to measure environmental sustainability. The country is ranked fifth in the world, and first among the Americas, in terms of the 2012 Environmental Performance Index.

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Czechoslovakia
Czechoslovakia or Czecho-Slovakia (Czech and Slovak: Československo, Česko-Slovensko) was a sovereign state in Central Europe which existed from October 1918, when it declared its independence from the Austro-Hungarian Empire, until 1992. From 1939 to 1945, the state did not de facto exist because of its forced division and partial incorporation into Nazi Germany, but the Czechoslovak government-in-exile nevertheless continued to exist during this period. In 1945, the eastern part of Carpathian Ruthenia was taken over by the Soviet Union. On 1 January 1993, Czechoslovakia peacefully split into the Czech Republic and Slovakia.
Form of state:
Neighbours:
Topography:
The country was of generally irregular terrain. The western area was part of north-central European uplands. The eastern region was composed of northern reaches of Carpathian Mountains and Danube River basin lands.
Climate:
The weather was predominantly continental, but varied from the moderate temperature of Western Europe in the west, to more severe weather of Eastern Europe and the western Soviet Union in the east.

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Denmark
The Kingdom of Denmark (Danish: Kongeriget Danmark, pronounced [ˈkɔŋəʁiːəð ˈdanmɑɡ̊] ( listen)) is a constitutional monarchy and sovereign state consisting the country of Denmark in northern Europe and two autonomous constituent countries, the Faroe Islands in the North Atlantic and Greenland in North America. The kingdom is a unitary state with some power being devolved from Denmark proper to Greenland and the Faroe Islands; this polity is referred to as the Danish Realm. Denmark proper is the hegemonial area, where judicial, executive, and legislative power resides. The Faroe Islands are defined to be a community of people within the kingdom, and the Greenlandic people are defined as a separate people with the right to self-determination.
Denmark is the southernmost of the Nordic countries, located southwest of Sweden and south of Norway, and bordered to the south by Germany. The country consists of a large peninsula, Jutland and many islands, most notably Zealand, Funen, Lolland, Falster and Bornholm, as well as hundreds of minor islands often referred to as the Danish Archipelago.

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East Germany
The German Democratic Republic (GDR; German: Deutsche Demokratische Republik [ˈdɔʏtʃə demoˈkʀaːtɪʃə ʀepuˈbliːk] or DDR), informally known as East Germany (German: Ostdeutschland), was a socialist state established by the USSR in 1949 in the Soviet zone of occupied Germany, including East Berlin of the Allied-occupied capital city. The GDR had an area of 107,771 km² (41,610 mi²), bordering Czechoslovakia to the south, West Germany to the south and west, Poland to the east, and the Baltic Sea to the north. East Germany was dissolved upon joining the institutions of West Germany in the German reunification, on 3 October 1990.

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El Salvador
El Salvador ⁱ/ɛl ˈsælvədɔr/ (Spanish: República de El Salvador, literally 'Republic of The Savior') is the smallest and the most densely populated country in Central America. The country's capital city and largest city is San Salvador; Santa Ana and San Miguel are also important cultural and commercial centers in the country as well as Central America. El Salvador borders the Pacific Ocean on the west, and the countries of Guatemala to the north and Honduras to the east. Its easternmost region lies on the coast of the Gulf of Fonseca, opposite Nicaragua. As of 2009, El Salvador had a population of approximately 5,744,113 people, composed predominantly of Mestizos.
The colón was the official currency of El Salvador from 1892 to 2001, when it adopted the U.S. Dollar.
In 2010 El Salvador ranked in the top 10 among Latin American countries in terms of the Human Development Index and in the top 3 in Central America (behind Costa Rica and Panama), due in part to ongoing rapid industrialization. In addition, tropical forests and overall forest cover has expanded by nearly 20 percent from the year 1992 to 2010. Making it one of the few countries experiencing reforestation.

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Elche
Elche (Spanish: [ˈeltʃe]) or Elx (Valencian: [ˈɛʎtʃ]) is a city located in the comarca of Baix Vinalopó, in the Alicante province which, in turn, is a part of the Valencian Community, Spain. According to the 2008 census, Elche has a population of some 228,300 inhabitants (called il·licitans in Valencian and ilicitanos in Spanish), ranking as the third most populated city in the Valencian Community (after Valencia and Alicante) and the 20th largest Spanish city.
Part of the municipality is coastal but the main city is some 11 km (6.8 mi) from the Mediterranean Sea. A small creek called Vinalopó flows through the city splitting it in two parts.
The economy of Elche is based, in large part, on the footwear industry, with over 1,000 shoe factories, being one of the most important footwear centres in Spain and the rest of Europe. There are other economic activities in Elche: agriculture (dates, olives, cereals and pomegranates), although it has lost importance in recent years; rubber industry; trade, which employs 20% of the workforce; and tourism.

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England
England ⁱ/ˈɪŋɡlənd/ is a country that is part of the United Kingdom. It shares land borders with Scotland to the north and Wales to the west; the Irish Sea is to the north west, the Celtic Sea to the south west, while the North Sea to the east and the English Channel to the south separate it from continental Europe. Most of England comprises the central and southern part of the island of Great Britain in the North Atlantic. The country also includes over 100 smaller islands such as the Isles of Scilly and the Isle of Wight.
The area now called England was first inhabited by modern humans during the Upper Palaeolithic period, but it takes its name from the Angles, one of the Germanic tribes who settled during the 5th and 6th centuries. England became a unified state in AD 927, and since the Age of Discovery, which began during the 15th century, has had a significant cultural and legal impact on the wider world. The English language, the Anglican Church, and English law—the basis for the common law legal systems of many other countries around the world—developed in England, and the country's parliamentary system of government has been widely adopted by other nations. The Industrial Revolution began in 18th-century England, transforming its society into the world's first industrialised nation. England's Royal Society laid the foundations of modern experimental science.

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France
France (English ⁱ/ˈfræns/ FRANSS or /ˈfrɑːns/ FRAHNSS; French: [fʁɑ̃s] ( listen)), officially the French Republic (French: République française [ʁepyblik fʁɑ̃sɛz]), is a unitary semi-presidential republic in Western Europe with several overseas territories and islands located on other continents and in the Indian, Pacific, and Atlantic oceans. Metropolitan France extends from the Mediterranean Sea to the English Channel and the North Sea, and from the Rhine to the Atlantic Ocean. It is often referred to as l’Hexagone ("The Hexagon") because of the geometric shape of its territory. It is the largest western European country and it possesses the second-largest exclusive economic zone in the world, covering 11,035,000 km² (4,260,000 sq mi), just behind that of the United States (11,351,000 km² / 4,383,000 sq mi).
Over the past 500 years, France has been a major power with strong cultural, economic, military and political influence in Europe and around the world. During the 17th and 18th centuries, France colonised great parts of North America and Southeast Asia; during the 19th and early 20th centuries, France built the second largest colonial empire of the time, including large portions of North, West and Central Africa, Southeast Asia, and many Caribbean and Pacific Islands.

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Ghana
Ghana ⁱ/ˈɡɑːnə/ is a country located in West Africa. It is bordered by Côte d'Ivoire (Ivory Coast) to the west, Burkina Faso to the north, Togo to the east, and the Gulf of Guinea to the south. The word Ghana means "Warrior King" and is derived from the ancient Ghana Empire.
Ghana was inhabited in pre-colonial times by a number of ancient predominantly Akan kingdoms, including the inland Ashanti Empire, the Akwamu, the Akyem, the Bonoman, the Denkyira, and the Fante among others. Non-Akan states created by the Ga also existed as did states by the Dagomba. Prior to contact with Europeans trade between the Akan and various African states flourished due to Akan's gold wealth. Trade with European states began after contact with the Portuguese in the 15th century, and the British established the Gold Coast Crown colony in 1874 over parts but not all of the country.
The Gold Coast achieved independence from the United Kingdom in 1957, becoming the First sub-Saharan African nation to do so from European Colonialism. The name Ghana was chosen for the new nation to reflect the ancient Empire of Ghana, which once extended throughout much of west Africa.

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Gijón
Gijón (Spanish pronunciation: [xiˈxon]; Asturian: Xixón [ʃiˈʃon]), officially Gijón / Xixón, is a coastal industrial city and a municipality in the autonomous community of Asturias in Spain. Early mediaeval texts mention it as "Gigia".
The city is situated on the coast of central Asturias, from sea level to an altitude of 513 metres at Picu Samartín and 672 metres at Peña de los Cuatro Jueces, bordered on the West by Carreño, the East by Villaviciosa, and to the South by Siero and Llanera
The city is situated along the Asturian coast and is distinguished by the peninsula of Cimadevilla (the original settlement) which separates the beach of San Lorenzo and adjacent neighborhoods to the east from the beaches of Poniente and Arbeyal, the shipyards, and the recreational port and the Port of El Musel to the west. It is close to the other main Asturian cities, Oviedo and Avilés.
As a municipality, Gijón / Xixón is divided in 26 districts or parishes:
1. Serín 2. San Andrés de los Tacones 3. Fresno 4. Puao 5. Veriña 6. Jove / Xove 7. Gijón / Xixón 8. Somió 9. Cabueñes 10. Deva 11. Caldones 12. Valdornón 13. Fano 14. Llavandera 15. Samartín de Güerces 16. Leorio / Llorio 17. La Pedrera 18. Ruedes 19. L'Abadía Cenero 20. Porceyo 21. Tremañes 22. Roces 23. Granda 24. Castiello Bernueces 25. Vega 26. Santurio

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Guatemala
Guatemala (ⁱ/ˌɡwɑːtəˈmɑːlə/ GWAH-tə-MAH-lə), officially the Republic of Guatemala (Spanish: República de Guatemala [reˈpuβlika ðe ɣwateˈmala]), is a country in Central America bordered by Mexico to the north and west, the Pacific Ocean to the southwest, Belize to the northeast, the Caribbean to the east, and Honduras and El Salvador to the southeast. Its area is 108,890 km² (42,043 mi²) with an estimated population of 13,276,517.
A representative democracy, its capital is Guatemala de la Asunción, also known as Guatemala City. Guatemala's abundance of biologically significant and unique ecosystems contributes to Mesoamerica's designation as a biodiversity hotspot. The former Mayan civilization was a Mesoamerican civilization, which continued throughout the Post-Classic period until the arrival of the Spanish. The Mayas live in Guatemala, Honduras, Belize, the southern part of Mexico and northern parts of El Salvador.
Guatemala became independent from Spain in 1821, joining the Mexican Empire. After it became an independent country in its own right, it was ruled by a series of dictators, assisted by the United Fruit Company. The late 20th century saw Guatemala embroiled in a 36-year-long civil war. Following the war, Guatemala has witnessed both economic growth and successful democratic elections. In the most recent election, held in 2011, Otto Pérez Molina of the Patriotic Party, won the presidency.

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Honduras
Honduras is a republic in Central America. It was at times referred to as Spanish Honduras to differentiate it from British Honduras, which became the modern-day state of Belize. The country is bordered to the west by Guatemala, to the southwest by El Salvador, to the southeast by Nicaragua, to the south by the Pacific Ocean at the Gulf of Fonseca, and to the north by the Gulf of Honduras, a large inlet of the Caribbean Sea.
Honduras was home to several important indigenous cultures, most notably the Maya. Much of the country was conquered by Spain who introduced its predominant language and many of its customs in the sixteenth century. It became independent in 1821 and has been a republic since the end of Spanish rule.
Its size is just over 112,492 km² with an estimated population of almost eight million. Its capital is Tegucigalpa. Its northern portions are part of the Western Caribbean Zone.
It is notable for its production of minerals, tropical fruit, and recently for exportation of clothing for the international market.

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Hong Kong
Coordinates: 22°16′42″N 114°09′32″E / 22.27833°N 114.15889°E / 22.27833; 114.15889
Hong Kong (Chinese: 香港) is one of two special administrative regions (SARs) of the People's Republic of China (PRC), the other being Macau. A city-state situated on China's south coast and enclosed by the Pearl River Delta and South China Sea, it is known for its expansive skyline and deep natural harbour. With a land mass of 1,104 km² (426 sq mi) and a population of seven million people, Hong Kong is one of the most densely populated areas in the world. Hong Kong's population is 95 percent ethnic Chinese and 5 percent from other groups. Hong Kong's Han Chinese majority originate mainly from the cities of Guangzhou and Taishan in the neighbouring Guangdong province.
Hong Kong became a colony of the British Empire after the First Opium War (1839–42). Originally confined to Hong Kong Island, the colony's boundaries were extended in stages to the Kowloon Peninsula in 1860 and then the New Territories in 1898. It was occupied by Japan during the Pacific War, after which the British resumed control until 1997, when China resumed sovereignty. The region espoused minimum government intervention under the ethos of positive non-interventionism during the colonial era. The time period greatly influenced the current culture of Hong Kong, often described as "East meets West", and the educational system, which used to loosely follow the system in England until reforms implemented in 2009.

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Hungary
Hungary ⁱ/ˈhʌŋɡəri/ (Hungarian: Magyarország [ˈmɒɟɒrorsaːɡ] ( listen)) is a country, which is located in Central Europe. It is situated in the Carpathian Basin and is bordered by Slovakia to the north, Ukraine and Romania to the east, Serbia and Croatia to the south, Slovenia to the southwest and Austria to the west. The country's capital, and largest city, is Budapest. Hungary is a member of the European Union, NATO, the OECD, the Visegrád Group, and is a Schengen state. The official language is Hungarian, also known as Magyar, which is part of the Finno-Ugric group and is the most widely spoken non-Indo-European language in Europe.
Following a Celt (after c. 450 BC) and a Roman (AD 9 - c. 430) period, the foundation of Hungary was laid in the late 9th century by the Hungarian prince Árpád, whose great-grandson Saint Stephen I was crowned with a crown sent by the pope from Rome in 1000 AD. The Kingdom of Hungary lasted for 946 years, and at various points was regarded as one of the cultural centres of the Western world. After about 150 years of partial Ottoman occupation (1541–1699), Hungary was integrated into the Habsburg Monarchy, and later constituted half of the Austro-Hungarian dual monarchy (1867–1918).

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Israel
Coordinates: 31°N 35°E / 31°N 35°E / 31; 35
Israel, officially the State of Israel ( /ˈɪzriːəl/ or /ˈɪzreɪəl/; Hebrew: מְדִינַת יִשְׂרָאֵל‎, Medīnat Yisrā'el, IPA: [me̞diˈnät jisʁäˈʔe̞l] ( listen); Arabic: دَوْلَة إِسْرَائِيل‎, Dawlat Isrāʼīl, IPA: [dawlat ʔisraːˈʔiːl]), is a parliamentary republic in the Middle East, along the eastern shore of the Mediterranean Sea. It borders Lebanon in the north, Syria in the northeast, Jordan and the West Bank in the east, Egypt and the Gaza Strip on the southwest, and the Gulf of Aqaba in the Red Sea to the south, and it contains geographically diverse features within its relatively small area. Israel is defined as a Jewish and Democratic State in its Basic Laws and is the world's only Jewish-majority state.
Following the adoption of a resolution by the General Assembly of the United Nations on 29 November 1947 recommending the adoption and implementation of the United Nations plan to partition Palestine, on 14 May 1948 David Ben-Gurion, the Executive Head of the World Zionist Organization and president of the Jewish Agency for Palestine, declared the establishment of a Jewish state in Eretz Israel, to be known as the State of Israel, a state independent from the British Mandate for Palestine. Neighboring Arab states invaded the next day in support of the Palestinian Arabs. Israel has since fought several wars with neighboring Arab states, in the course of which it has occupied the West Bank, Sinai Peninsula, Gaza Strip and the Golan Heights. Portions of these territories, including east Jerusalem, have been annexed by Israel, but the border with the neighboring West Bank has not yet been permanently defined.^{[neutrality is disputed]} Israel has signed peace treaties with Egypt and Jordan, but efforts to resolve the Israeli–Palestinian conflict have so far not resulted in peace.

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Italy
Italy ⁱ/ˈɪtəli/ (Italian: Italia [iˈtaːlja]), officially the Italian Republic or the Republic of Italy (Italian: Repubblica italiana), is a unitary parliamentary republic in south-central Europe. To the north, it borders France, Switzerland, Austria and Slovenia along the Alps. To the south, it consists of the entirety of the Italian Peninsula, Sicily, Sardinia–the two largest islands in the Mediterranean Sea–and many other smaller islands. The independent states of San Marino and the Vatican City are enclaves within Italy, while Campione d'Italia is an Italian exclave in Switzerland. The territory of Italy covers some 301,338 km² (116,347 sq mi) and is influenced by a temperate seasonal climate. With 60.6 million inhabitants, it is the fifth most populous country in Europe, and the 23rd most populous in the world.
Rome, the capital of Italy, was for centuries a political and religious centre of Western civilisation as the capital of the Roman Empire and site of the Holy See. After the decline of the Roman Empire, Italy endured numerous invasions by foreign peoples, from Germanic tribes such as the Lombards and Ostrogoths, to the Byzantines and later, the Normans, among others. Centuries later, Italy became the birthplace of Maritime republics and the Renaissance, an immensely fruitful intellectual movement that would prove to be integral in shaping the subsequent course of European thought.

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Kuwait
Kuwait, officially the State of Kuwait ⁱ/kuːˈweɪt/ (Arabic: دولة الكويت‎, Dawlat al-Kuwayt) is a sovereign Arab state situated in the north-east of the Arabian Peninsula in Western Asia. It is bordered by Saudi Arabia to the south at Khafji, and Iraq to the north at Basra. It lies on the north-western shore of the Persian Gulf. The name Kuwait is derived from the Arabic أكوات ākwāt, the plural of كوت kūt, meaning a fortress built near water. The country covers an area of 17,820 square kilometers (6,880 sq mi) and has a population of about 3.5 million.
Historically, the region was the site of Characene, a major Parthian port for trade between Mesopotamia and India. The Bani Utbah tribe were the first permanent Arab settlers in the region, and laid the foundation of the modern emirate. By the 19th century, Kuwait came under the influence of the Ottoman Empire, and after World War I, it emerged as an independent sheikhdom under the protection of the British Empire. Kuwait's large oil fields were discovered in the late 1930s.

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Libya
Libya (Arabic: ‏ليبيا‎ Lībyā), Berber: ⵍⵉⴱⵢⴰ) is a country in the Maghreb region of North Africa bordered by the Mediterranean Sea to the north, Egypt to the east, Sudan to the southeast, Chad and Niger to the south, and Algeria and Tunisia to the west.
With an area of almost 1.8 million square kilometres (700,000 sq mi), Libya is the third largest country in Africa by area, and the 17th largest in the world. The largest city, Tripoli, is home to 1.7 million of Libya's 6.4 million people. The three traditional parts of the country are Tripolitania, Fezzan and Cyrenaica.
In 2009 Libya had the highest HDI in Africa and the fourth highest GDP (PPP) per capita in Africa, behind Seychelles, Equatorial Guinea and Gabon. Libya has the 10th-largest proven oil reserves of any country in the world and the 17th-highest petroleum production.
As a result of the Libyan civil war, the Libyan Arab Jamahiriya, which had at that time been in existence for 34 years, collapsed and Libya entered a period of governance by a transitional administration called the National Transitional Council. The NTC has stated its intention to oversee the first phase of a transition to constitutional democracy, after which it claims it will dissolve in favor of a representative legislature.

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Madrid
Madrid (English /məˈdrɪd/, Spanish: [ma'ðrid]) is the capital and largest city of Spain. The population of the city is roughly 3.3 million and the entire population of the Madrid metropolitan area is calculated to be 6.271 million. It is the third largest city in the European Union, after London and Berlin, and its metropolitan area is the third largest in the European Union after London and Paris. The city spans a total of 604.3 km² (233.3 sq mi).
The city is located on the Manzanares river in the centre of both the country and the Community of Madrid (which comprises the city of Madrid, its conurbation and extended suburbs and villages); this community is bordered by the autonomous communities of Castile and León and Castile-La Mancha. As the capital city of Spain, seat of government, and residence of the Spanish monarch, Madrid is also the political centre of Spain. The current mayor is Ana Botella from the People's Party (PP).
Madrid urban agglomeration has the 3rd largest GDP in the European Union and its influences in politics, education, entertainment, environment, media, fashion, science, culture, and the arts all contribute to its status as one of the world's major global cities. Due to its economic output, high standard of living, and market size, Madrid is considered the major financial centre of Southern Europe and the Iberian Peninsula; it hosts the head offices of the vast majority of the major Spanish companies, such as Telefónica, Iberia or Repsol. Madrid is the most touristic city of Spain, the fourth-most touristic of the continent, and is the 10th most livable city in the world according to Monocle magazine, in its 2010 index. Madrid also ranks among the 12 greenest European cities in 2010. Madrid is currently a Candidate City for the 2020 Summer Olympics.

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Mexico
Mexico (ⁱ/ˈmɛksɨkoʊ/; Spanish: México, IPA: [ˈmexiko] ( listen)), officially the United Mexican States (Spanish: Estados Unidos Mexicanos (help·info)), is a federal constitutional republic in North America. It is bordered on the north by the United States of America; on the south and west by the Pacific Ocean; on the southeast by Guatemala, Belize, and the Caribbean Sea; and on the east by the Gulf of Mexico. Covering almost two million square kilometres (over 760,000 sq mi), Mexico is the fifth largest country in the Americas by total area and the thirteenth largest independent nation in the world. With an estimated population of over 113 million, it is the eleventh most populous country and the most populous Spanish-speaking country. Mexico is a federation comprising thirty-one states and a Federal District, the capital city.
In Pre-Columbian Mexico many cultures matured into advanced civilizations such as the Olmec, the Toltec, the Teotihuacan, the Zapotec, the Maya and the Aztec before the first contact with Europeans. In 1521, Spain conquered and colonized the territory from its base in México-Tenochtitlan, which was administered as the Viceroyalty of New Spain. This territory would eventually become Mexico as the colony's independence was recognized in 1821. The post-independence period was characterized by economic instability, the Mexican-American War and territorial cession to the United States, a civil war, two empires and a domestic dictatorship. The latter led to the Mexican Revolution in 1910, which culminated with the promulgation of the 1917 Constitution and the emergence of the country's current political system. Elections held in July 2000 marked the first time that an opposition party won the presidency from the Institutional Revolutionary Party.

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Málaga
Málaga (Spanish pronunciation: [ˈmalaɣa]; Phoenician: מַלַחַה, Malaḥa) is a city and a municipality in the Autonomous Community of Andalusia, Spain. With a population of 568,507 in 2010, it is the second most populous city of Andalusia and the fifth largest in Spain. This is the southernmost large city in Europe. It lies on the Costa del Sol (Coast of the Sun) of the Mediterranean, about 100 km (62.14 mi) east of the Strait of Gibraltar and about 130 km (80.78 mi) north of Africa.
Málaga enjoys a subtropical–mediterranean climate. It has one of the warmest winters in Europe, with average temperatures of 17 °C (62.6 °F) during the day and 7–8 °C (45–46 °F) at night in the period from December through February. The summer season lasts about eight months, from April through November, although in the remaining four months temperatures sometimes reach around 20 °C (68.0 °F).
Málaga's history spans about 2,800 years, making it one of the oldest cities in the world. It was founded by the Phoenicians as Malaka about 770 BC, and from the 6th century BC was under the hegemony of Ancient Carthage. Then from 218 BC it was ruled by the Roman Republic and later the Roman Empire as Malaca (Latin). After the fall of the empire it was under Islamic Arab domination as Mālaqah (مالقة) for 800 years, but in 1487 it came under the dominion of the Spaniards in the Reconquista. The archaeological remains and monuments from the Phoenician, Roman, Arabic and Christian eras make the historic center of the city an "open museum", displaying its rich history of more than 3,000 years.

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Netherlands
The Netherlands (ⁱ/ˈnɛðərləndz/; Dutch: Nederland [ˈneːdə(r)lɑnt] or [ˈneɪ̯də(r)lɑnt] ( listen); West Frisian: Nederlân; Papiamento: Hulanda) is a constituent country of the Kingdom of the Netherlands, located mainly in North-West Europe and with some islands in the Caribbean. Mainland Netherlands borders the North Sea to the north and west, Belgium to the south, and Germany to the east, and shares maritime borders with Belgium, Germany and the United Kingdom. It is a parliamentary democracy organised as a unitary state. The country capital is Amsterdam and the seat of government is The Hague. The Netherlands in its entirety is often referred to as Holland, although North and South Holland are actually only two of its twelve provinces (a case of pars pro toto; see terminology of "the Netherlands").

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New Zealand
New Zealand (Māori: Aotearoa) is an island country located in the southwestern Pacific Ocean. The country geographically comprises two main landmasses ‒ that of the North and South Islands ‒ as well as numerous smaller islands. New Zealand is situated some 1,500 kilometres (900 mi) east of Australia across the Tasman Sea and roughly 1,000 kilometres (600 mi) south of the Pacific island nations of New Caledonia, Fiji, and Tonga. Because of its remoteness, it was one of the last lands to be settled by humans.
During its long isolation, New Zealand developed a distinctive biodiversity of both animal and plant life. Most notable are the large number of unique bird species, many of which became extinct after the arrival of humans and introduced mammals. With a mild maritime climate, the land was mostly covered in forest. The country's varied topography and its sharp mountain peaks owe much to the tectonic uplift of land and volcanic eruptions caused by the Pacific and Indo-Australian Plates clashing beneath the earth's surface.

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Northern Ireland
Northern Ireland (Irish: Tuaisceart Éireann pronounced [ˈt̪ˠuəʃcəɾˠt̪ˠ ˈeːɾʲən̪ˠ] ( listen), Ulster Scots: Norlin Airlann or Norlin Airlan) is a part of the United Kingdom in the north-east of the island of Ireland. It shares a border with the Republic of Ireland to the south and west. As of 2001, its population was 1,685,000, constituting about 30% of the island's total population and about 3% of the population of the United Kingdom. Since the signing of the Good Friday Agreement in 1998, Northern Ireland is largely self-governing. According to the agreement, Northern Ireland co-operates with the rest of Ireland – from which it was partitioned in 1921 — on some policy areas, while other areas are reserved for the Government of the United Kingdom, though the Republic of Ireland "may put forward views and proposals".
Northern Ireland was for many years the site of a violent and bitter inter-communal conflict — the Troubles — which was caused by divisions between nationalists, who are predominantly Roman Catholic, and unionists, who are predominantly Protestant. Unionists want Northern Ireland to remain as a part of the United Kingdom, and generally see themselves as British, while nationalists wish for it to be politically reunited with the rest of Ireland, independent of British rule, and generally see themselves as Irish. Additionally, people from both sides of the community may describe themselves as Northern Irish. Since 1998, most of the paramilitary groups involved in the Troubles have ceased their armed campaigns.

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Oviedo
Oviedo (Asturian: Uviéu; Spanish pronunciation: [oˈβjeðo], asturian pronunciation: [uˈβjew]) is the capital city of the Principality of Asturias in northern Spain. It is also the name of the municipality that contains the city.
Oviedo, which is the administrative and commercial centre of the region, also hosts the annual Prince of Asturias Awards. This prestigious event, held in the city's Campoamor Theatre, recognizes international achievement in eight categories. Award winners in 2007 include Bob Dylan in the category of Arts and Al Gore in the category of International Cooperation. Oviedo University's international campus attracts many foreign scholars from all over the globe.
It is said that two monks, Máximo and Fromestanus, founded the city in 761. That settlement was soon to be completed with the construction of a small church dedicated to Saint Vincent. Nevertheless, the archaeological register has shown traces of occupation since the 1st century, in Roman times.
King Fruela I of Asturias, the fourth of the Asturian monarchs, was the first decided promoter of the city as may be witnessed by his construction of both a palace and a nearby church. Oviedo owes to a later king, Alfonso II The Chaste (791-842), its establishment as a capital city and ruling seat as a result of the moving of the court from Pravia and the creation of the Pilgrim’s Route to Santiago de Compostela, a major event in the history of Oviedo, a church dedicated to The Saviour, the Cathedral of San Salvador, and a royal palace formed the nucleus and motive power of Oviedo.

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Paraguay
Paraguay (ⁱ/ˈpɛərəɡwaɪ/, PAIR-ə-gwy), officially the Republic of Paraguay (Spanish: República del Paraguay [reˈpuβlika ðel paɾaˈɣwai], Guaraní: Tetã Paraguái [teˈtã paɾaˈɣwaj]), is a landlocked country in South America. It is bordered by Argentina to the south and southwest, Brazil to the east and northeast, and Bolivia to the northwest. Paraguay lies on both banks of the Paraguay River, which runs through the center of the country from north to south. Due to its central location in South America, it is sometimes referred to as Corazón de América, or the Heart of America.
The Guaraní have been living in Paraguay since before the arrival of Europeans in the 16th century, when Paraguay became part of the Spanish colonial empire. Following independence from Spain in 1811, Paraguay was ruled by a series of dictators who followed isolationist and protectionist policies. This development was truncated by the disastrous Paraguayan War (1864–1870) in which the country lost 60% to 70% of its population and large amounts of territory. During a large part of the 20th century, Paraguay was ruled by Alfredo Stroessner, who led one of South America's longest lived military dictatorships. In 1989 Stroessner was toppled and free elections were celebrated in 1993. In 1994 Paraguay joined Argentina, Brazil and Uruguay to found Mercosur.

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Peru
Peru ⁱ/pəˈruː/ (Spanish: Perú; Quechua: Perú;Aymara: Piruw), officially the Republic of Peru (Spanish: República del Perú, pronounced: [reˈpuβlika ðel peˈɾu] ( listen)), is a country in western South America. It is bordered on the north by Ecuador and Colombia, on the east by Brazil, on the southeast by Bolivia, on the south by Chile, and on the west by the Pacific Ocean.
Peruvian territory was home to ancient cultures, spanning from the Norte Chico civilization, one of the oldest in the world, to the Inca Empire, the largest state in Pre-Columbian America. The Spanish Empire conquered the region in the 16th century and established a Viceroyalty, which included most of its South American colonies. After achieving independence in 1821, Peru has undergone periods of political unrest and fiscal crisis as well as periods of stability and economic upswing.
Peru is a representative democratic republic divided into 25 regions. Its geography varies from the arid plains of the Pacific coast to the peaks of the Andes Mountains and the tropical forests of the Amazon Basin. It is a developing country with a high Human Development Index score and a poverty level around 31%. Its main economic activities include agriculture, fishing, mining, and manufacturing of products such as textiles.

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Poland
Poland ⁱ/ˈpoʊlənd/ (Polish: Polska), officially the Republic of Poland (Polish: Rzeczpospolita Polska; Kashubian: Pòlskô Repùblika; Silesian: Polsko Republika), is a country in Central Europe, bordered by Germany to the west; the Czech Republic and Slovakia to the south; Ukraine, Belarus and Lithuania to the east; and the Baltic Sea and Kaliningrad Oblast, a Russian exclave, to the north. The total area of Poland is 312,679 square kilometres (120,726 sq mi), making it the 69th largest country in the world and the 9th largest in Europe. Poland has a population of over 38 million people, which makes it the 34th most populous country in the world and the sixth most populous member of the European Union, being its most populous post-communist member. Poland is a unitary state made up of 16 voivodeships. Poland is a member of the European Union, NATO, the United Nations, the World Trade Organization, the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), European Economic Area, International Energy Agency, Council of Europe, Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe, International Atomic Energy Agency, G6, Council of the Baltic Sea States, Visegrád Group, Weimar Triangle and Schengen Agreement.

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Portugal
Portugal ⁱ/ˈpɔrtʃʉɡəl/ (Portuguese: Portugal, IPA: [puɾtuˈɣaɫ]), officially the Portuguese Republic (Portuguese: República Portuguesa) is a country situated in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula . Portugal is the westernmost country of mainland Europe, and is bordered by the Atlantic Ocean to the West and South and by Spain to the North and East. The Atlantic archipelagos of the Azores and Madeira are part of Portugal. The country is named after its second largest city, Porto, whose Latin name was Portus Cale.
The land within the borders of the current Portuguese Republic has been continuously settled since prehistoric times: occupied by Celts like the Gallaeci and the Lusitanians, integrated into the Roman Republic and later settled by Germanic peoples such as the Suebi, Swabians, Vandals and the Visigoths. In the 8th century most of the Iberian Peninsula was conquered by Moorish invaders professing Islam, which were later expelled by the Knights Templar under the Order of Christ. During the Christian Reconquista, Portugal established itself as an independent kingdom from León in 1139, claiming to be the oldest European nation state.

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Romania
Romania (ⁱ/roʊˈmeɪniə/ roh-MAY-nee-ə; dated: Roumania; or Rumania;Romanian: România [romɨˈni.a] ( listen)) is a country located at the crossroads of Central and Southeastern Europe, on the Lower Danube, within and outside the Carpathian arch, bordering on the Black Sea. Romania shares a border with Hungary and Serbia to the west, Ukraine and Moldova to the northeast and east, and Bulgaria to the south.
At 238,400 square kilometers (92,000 sq mi), Romania is the ninth largest country of the European Union by area, and has the seventh largest population of the European Union with over 19 million people. Its capital and largest city is Bucharest, the tenth largest city in the EU with about two million people.
The Kingdom of Romania emerged when the principalities of Moldavia and Wallachia were united under Prince Alexander Ioan Cuza in 1859. Independence from the Ottoman Empire was declared on 9 May 1877, and was internationally recognized the following year. At the end of World War I, Transylvania, Bukovina and Bessarabia united with the Kingdom of Romania. Greater Romania emerged into an era of progression and prosperity that would continue until World War II. By the end of the War, many north-eastern areas of Romania's territories were occupied by the Soviet Union, and Romania forcibly became a socialist republic and a member of the Warsaw Pact.

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San Mamés Stadium
Estadio San Mamés, AKA La Catedral (The Cathedral), is a football stadium in Bilbao, Basque Country, Spain. The stadium is the home of Athletic Bilbao, known as "Los leones de San Mamés-Bilboko lehoiak" (The lions of San Mamés). They are known as Los leones because their stadium was built near a church called San Mamés (Saint Mammes). Mammes was an early Christian thrown to the lions by the Romans.
The club's new stadium, San Mamés Barria, is currently under construction at a cost of 160 million euro, and will open in 2013.
Opened in 1913, it is Spain's oldest built stadium (the oldest playing field being El Molinón), a distinction that together with its religious heritage has granted it the nickname, la Catedral (the Cathedral). San Mamés can seat almost forty thousand people and is renowned for the unique and boisterous atmosphere its crowds of devoted and loyal fans create on match-days.
The current stadium was almost entirely rebuilt to host matches in the 1982 FIFA World Cup. In March 2006, a project was approved to replace the stadium with a new and larger version, thereby increasing the stadium capacity to 53,000. The New San Mamés Stadium will be built on the former site of the Bilbao International Trade Fair, adjacent to the current stadium. Construction is scheduled to begin in April 2010, and when it is three quarters completed, Athletic Club will move into their new home and the original San Mamés will be demolished.

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Scotland
Scotland (Scottish Gaelic: Alba ([ˈalˠ̪apə] listen (help·info))) is a country that is part of the United Kingdom. Occupying the northern third of the island of Great Britain, it shares a border with England to the south and is bounded by the North Sea to the east, the Atlantic Ocean to the north and west, and the North Channel and Irish Sea to the southwest. In addition to the mainland, Scotland constitutes over 790 islands including the Northern Isles and the Hebrides.
Edinburgh, the country's capital and second largest city, is one of Europe's largest financial centres. Edinburgh was the hub of the Scottish Enlightenment of the 18th century, which transformed Scotland into one of the commercial, intellectual and industrial powerhouses of Europe. Glasgow, Scotland's largest city, was once one of the world's leading industrial cities and now lies at the centre of the Greater Glasgow conurbation. Scottish waters consist of a large sector of the North Atlantic and the North Sea, containing the largest oil reserves in the European Union. This has given Aberdeen, the third largest city in Scotland, the title of Europe's oil capital.

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Seville
Seville ( /səˈvɪl/; Spanish: Sevilla, IPA: [seˈβiʎa], locally: [seˈβiʝa]; see also different names) is the capital of the autonomous community of Andalusia and of the province of Seville, Spain. It is situated on the plain of the River Guadalquivir, with an average elevation of 7 metres (23 ft) above sea level. The inhabitants of the city are known as sevillanos (feminine form: sevillanas) or hispalenses, following the Roman name of the city, Hispalis.
Seville is the fourth largest city of Spain with a municipal population of about 703 thousand as of 2011, and a metropolitan population (including satellite towns) of about 1.5 million, making it the 31st most populous municipality in the European Union. Its old town is the largest in Spain (covering almost four square kilometers), and is one of the three largest in Europe along with Venice and Genoa. The Seville harbor, located about 80 km from the Atlantic Ocean, is the only river port in Spain.
The University of Seville was founded in 1505. Recently ranked the third university in Spain (and 190th in the world), it currently has over 50,000 students.^{[citation needed]}

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Soviet Union
The Soviet Union (Russian: Советский Союз, tr. Sovetsky Soyuz), officially the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR; Russian: Сою́з Сове́тских Социалисти́ческих Респу́блик, tr. Soyuz Sovetskikh Sotsialisticheskikh Respublik; IPA: [sɐˈjus sɐˈvʲetskʲɪx sətsɨəlʲɪˈstʲitɕɪskʲɪx rʲɪsˈpublʲɪk] ( listen); abbreviated СССР, SSSR), was a constitutionally socialist state that existed in Eurasia between 1922 and 1991.
The Soviet Union was a single-party state ruled by the Communist Party from its foundation until 1990. A union of 15 subnational Soviet republics, the Soviet state was structured under a highly centralized government and economy.
The Russian Revolution of 1917 caused the downfall of the Russian Empire. Following the Russian Revolution, there was a struggle for power between the Bolshevik party, led by Vladimir Lenin, and the anti-communist White movement. In December 1922, the Bolsheviks won the civil war, and the Soviet Union was formed with the merger of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic, the Transcaucasian Socialist Federative Soviet Republic, the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic and the Byelorussian Soviet Socialist Republic.

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Spain
Spain (ⁱ/ˈspeɪn/ SPAYN; Spanish: España, pronounced: [esˈpaɲa] ( listen)), officially the Kingdom of Spain (Spanish: Reino de España), is a sovereign state and a member of the European Union located in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula. Its mainland is bordered to the south and east by the Mediterranean Sea except for a small land boundary with the British Overseas Territory of Gibraltar; to the north and north east by France, Andorra, and the Bay of Biscay; and to the northwest and west by the Atlantic Ocean and Portugal.
Spanish territory also includes the Balearic Islands in the Mediterranean, the Canary Islands in the Atlantic Ocean off the African coast, and two autonomous cities in North Africa, Ceuta and Melilla, that border Morocco. Furthermore, the town of Llívia is a Spanish exclave situated inside French territory. With an area of 504,030 square kilometres (194,610 sq mi), it is the second largest country in Western Europe and the European Union after France, and the fourth largest country in Europe after Russia, Ukraine and France.

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Sweden
Sweden (ⁱ/ˈswiːdən/ SWEE-dən; Swedish: Sverige [ˈsværjɛ] ( listen)), officially the Kingdom of Sweden (Swedish: Konungariket Sverige (help·info)), is a Nordic country on the Scandinavian Peninsula in Northern Europe. Sweden borders with Norway and Finland, and is connected to Denmark by a bridge-tunnel across the Øresund.
At 450,295 square kilometres (173,860 sq mi), Sweden is the third largest country in the European Union by area, with a total population of about 9.4 million. Sweden has a low population density of 21 inhabitants per square kilometre (54 /sq mi) with the population mostly concentrated to the southern half of the country. About 85% of the population live in urban areas. Sweden's capital city is Stockholm, which is also the largest city.
Sweden emerged as an independent and unified country during the Middle Ages. In the 17th century, the country expanded its territories to form the Swedish Empire. The empire grew to be one of the great powers of Europe in the 17th and early 18th century. Most of the conquered territories outside the Scandinavian Peninsula were lost during the 18th and 19th centuries. The eastern half of Sweden, present-day Finland, was lost to Russia in 1809. The last war in which Sweden was directly involved was in 1814, when Sweden by military means forced Norway into a personal union. Since then, Sweden has been at peace, practicing "non-participation in military alliances during peacetime and neutrality during wartime". However, Sweden has been a member of the European Union since 1 January 1995 and is a member of the OECD.

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Switzerland
Switzerland (German: die Schweiz[ˈʃvaɪts]; French: Suisse [sɥis(ə)]; Italian: Svizzera [ˈzvit͡sːɛra]; Romansh: Svizra [ˈʒviːtsrɐ] or [ˈʒviːtsʁːɐ]), in its full name the Swiss Confederation (Latin: Confoederatio Helvetica, hence its abbreviation CH), is a federal republic consisting of 26 cantons, with Bern as the seat of the federal authorities. The country is situated in western Europe, where it is bordered by Germany to the north, France to the west, Italy to the south, and Austria and Liechtenstein to the east.
Switzerland is a landlocked country geographically divided between the Alps, the Swiss Plateau and the Jura, spanning an area of 41,285 km² (15,940 sq mi). While the Alps occupy the greater part of the territory, the Swiss population of approximately 8 million people is concentrated mostly on the Plateau, where the largest cities are to be found. Among them are the two global cities and economic centres of Zurich and Geneva.
The Swiss Confederation has a long history of armed neutrality—it has not been in a state of war internationally since 1815—and did not join the United Nations until 2002. It pursues, however, an active foreign policy and is frequently involved in peace-building processes around the world. Switzerland is also the birthplace of the Red Cross and home to a large number of international organizations, including the second largest UN office. On the European level, it is a founding member of the European Free Trade Association and is part of the Schengen Area – although it is notably not a member of the European Union, nor the European Economic Area.

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United States
The United States of America (commonly abbreviated to the United States, the U.S., the USA, America, and the States) is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district. The country is situated mostly in central North America, where its forty-eight contiguous states and Washington, D.C., the capital district, lie between the Pacific and Atlantic Oceans, bordered by Canada to the north and Mexico to the south. The state of Alaska is in the northwest of the continent, with Canada to the east and Russia to the west, across the Bering Strait. The state of Hawaii is an archipelago in the mid-Pacific. The country also possesses several territories in the Pacific and Caribbean.
At 3.79 million square miles (9.83 million km²) and with over 312 million people, the United States is the third or fourth largest country by total area, and the third largest by both land area and population. It is one of the world's most ethnically diverse and multicultural nations, the product of large-scale immigration from many countries. The U.S. economy is the world's largest national economy, with an estimated 2011 GDP of $15.1 trillion (22% of nominal global GDP and over 19% of global GDP at purchasing-power parity). Per capita income is the world's sixth-highest.

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Uruguay
Uruguay ⁱ/ˈjʊərəɡwaɪ/, officially the Oriental Republic of Uruguay, sometimes the Eastern Republic of Uruguay; (Spanish: República Oriental del Uruguay pronounced: [re̞ˈpuβ̞lika o̞ɾje̞n̪ˈt̪al̪ d̪e̞l uɾuˈɰwai̯]) is a country in the southeastern part of South America. It is home to 3.3 million people, of whom 1.8 million live in the capital Montevideo and its metropolitan area. An estimated 88% of the population are of European ancestry.
Except for the recent union of Timoteo Domínguez Island and Argentina's Martín García Island, Uruguay's only land border is with Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, to the north. To the west lies the Uruguay River and the estuary of the Río de la Plata to the southwest. To the southeast lies the southern part of the Atlantic Ocean. With an area of approximately 176,000 square kilometres (68,000 sq mi), Uruguay is the second-smallest nation in South America by area, after Suriname.
Colonia del Sacramento, one of the oldest European settlements in the country, was founded by the Portuguese in 1680. Montevideo was founded by the Spanish in the early 18th century as a military stronghold. Uruguay won its independence in 1811–28 following a three-way struggle between the claims of Spain, Argentina and Brazil. It is a constitutional democracy, with a president who is both the head of state and the head of government.

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Valencia
Valencia (Spanish: [baˈlenθja]) or València (Valencian: [vaˈlensia]) is the capital of the autonomous community of Valencia and the third largest city in Spain after Madrid and Barcelona, with around 809,000 inhabitants in the administrative centre. It is the 15th most populous municipality in the European Union. Valencia is also Spain's third largest metropolitan area, with a population ranging from 1.7 to 2.3 million. The Port of Valencia is the 5th busiest container port in Europe and the largest on the Mediterranean Sea, with a trade volume of 4.21 million TEU's.
Valencia was founded as a Roman colony in 138 BC. The city is situated on the banks of the Turia, on the east coast of the Iberian Peninsula, fronting the Gulf of Valencia on the Mediterranean Sea. Its historic centre is one of the largest in Spain, with approximately 169 acres; this heritage of ancient monuments, views and cultural attractions makes Valencia one of the country's most popular tourist destinations. Major monuments include Valencia Cathedral, the Torres de Serranos, the Torres de Quart, the Llotja de la Seda (declared a World Heritage Site by UNESCO in 1996), and the Ciutat de les Arts i les Ciències (City of Arts and Sciences), an entertainment-based cultural and architectural complex designed by Santiago Calatrava and Félix Candela. The Museu de Belles Arts de València houses a large collection of paintings from the 14th to the 18th centuries, including works by Velázquez, El Greco, and Goya, as well as an important series of engravings by Piranesi. The Institut Valencià d'Art Modern (Valencian Institute of Modern Art) houses both permanent collections and temporary exhibitions of contemporary art and photography.

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Valladolid
Valladolid (Spanish: [baʎaðoˈlið] ( listen)) is a historic city and municipality in north-central Spain, situated at the confluence of the Pisuerga and Esgueva rivers, and located within three wine-making regions: Ribera del Duero, Rueda and Cigales. It is the capital of the province of Valladolid.
One line of etymological argument suggests that the modern name "Valladolid" derives from a Celtiberian language expression, Vallis Tolitum ("Waters Valley"), due to the confluence of rivers. Another, more generally accepted derivation is from the demonym Vallisoletano, which was, in fact, the Spanish demonym of the city, and means "from sunny valley". Supporting this are texts from the Middle Ages, which use Vallisoletum, a word which continued to be used as late as the 16th century (see painting by Braun and Hogenberg).
It is also popularly called Pucela, a nickname whose origin is not clear, but probably refers to a few knights who accompanied Joan of Arc, known as La Pucelle. Another theory is that Pucela comes from the fact that Puzzeli's cement was sold there, the only city in Spain that sold it.

wn.com/Valladolid
Vigo
Vigo (Galician: [ˈbiɣo], locally: [ˈbiħo] or [ˈbixo]; Spanish: [ˈbiɣo]) is a city and municipality in north-west Spain, in Galicia, situated on the ria of the same name on the Atlantic Ocean.
The city of Vigo has 297,124 inhabitants, with an extended metropolitan population of 468,654, making it the 14th-largest metropolitan area of Spain.
In 2010 there were 16,735 foreigners living in the city, representing a 5.6% of the total population. The main nationalities are Portuguese (16%), Brazilians (11%) and Colombians (7%).
By language, according to 2008 data, 7% of the population speak always in Galician, 43% speak always in Spanish and the rest use both interchangeably. This makes Vigo the least Galician-speaking city in Galicia.
The urban area of Vigo is built over both a hill-fort (Castro) and a Roman settlement. It is generally accepted that the name Vigo is derived from the Latin word vicus.
The standard pronunciation of Vigo in both Galician and Spanish is [ˈbiɣo].
During the Middle Ages the small village of Vigo was part of the territory of Portuguese speaking neighbouring towns, particularly Tui, and suffered several Viking attacks. However, the number of inhabitants was so small that, historically, Vigo was not considered to be a real village until around the 15th century, when the earliest records began.

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West Germany
West Germany (German: Westdeutschland) is the common English name for the Federal Republic of Germany or FRG (German: Bundesrepublik Deutschland) in the period between its creation in May 1949 to German reunification on 3 October 1990.
During this period, West Germany and the communist East Germany were divided by the Inner German border. After 1961, West Berlin was physically separated from East Berlin as well as from East Germany by the Berlin Wall. This situation ended when East Germany was dissolved and its five states joined the ten states of the Federal Republic of Germany along with the reunified city-state of Berlin. The enlarged Federal Republic of Germany with sixteen states (known simply as "Germany") is thus the continuation of the pre-1990 Federal Republic of Germany.
The Federal Republic of Germany was established from eleven states formed in the three Allied Zones of occupation held by the United States, the United Kingdom and France (the "Western Zones"). The city of Bonn was its provisional capital city. The fourth Allied occupation zone (the East Zone, or Ostzone) was held by the Soviet Union. The parts of this zone lying east of the Oder-Neisse were in fact annexed by the Soviet Union and communist Poland; the remaining central part around Berlin became the communist German Democratic Republic (abbreviated GDR; in German Deutsche Demokratische Republik or DDR) with its de facto capital in East Berlin. As a result, West Germany had a territory about half the size of the interwar democratic Weimar Republic.

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Zaragoza
Zaragoza (Spanish pronunciation: [θaɾaˈɣoθa]), also called Saragossa in English, is the capital city of the Zaragoza province and of the autonomous community of Aragon, Spain. It is situated on the Ebro river and its tributaries, the Huerva and the Gállego, near the centre of the region, in a valley with a variety of landscapes, ranging from desert (Los Monegros) to thick forest, meadows and mountains.
On 1 September 2010 the population of the city of Zaragoza was 701,090, within its administrative limits on a land area of 1,062.64 km2 (410.29 sq mi), ranking fifth in Spain. It is the 35th most populous municipality in the European Union. The population of the metropolitan area was estimated in 2006 at 783,763 inhabitants. The municipality is home to more than 50 percent of the Aragonese population. The city lies at an elevation of 199 metres.
Zaragoza hosted Expo 2008 in the summer of 2008, a world's fair on water and sustainable development. It was also candidate for the European Capital of Culture in 2016.

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Adolf Prokop
Adolf Prokop (born February 2, 1939), is a former football referee from East Germany. He is mostly known for supervising two matches in the FIFA World Cup, one in 1978 and one in 1982. He was also active at UEFA Euro 1984 and refereed the 1984 European Cup Winners' Cup Final.

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Alain Couriol
Alain Couriol (born 24 October 1958 in Paris) is a former football striker from France, who earned 12 caps and scored 2 goals for the France national football team, including playing in the 1982 FIFA World Cup where France finished fourth. During his career, he played for Inf Vichy (1978–1979), AS Monaco (1979–1983), Paris Saint-Germain (1983–1989), SC Toulon (1989–1990), Saint Denis Saint Leu (1990–1991).

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Alain Giresse
Alain Giresse (born 2 August 1952 in Langoiran, Gironde) is a retired French international footballer who played as a midfielder. He was French footballer of the year in 1982, 1983 and 1987. Nominally an attacking midfielder or central midfielder, Giresse was an intelligent playmaker who possessed fine agility and acceleration due to his short frame.
He played for the France national football team in the 1982 FIFA World Cup (fourth place) and the 1986 FIFA World Cup (third place). He was a member of the Euro 84 winning team, and alongside Michel Platini, Luis Fernández and Jean Tigana formed the legendary "Carré Magique" (Magic Square) in midfield.

He has been in charge of Toulouse and the Georgian national team, among others. Giresse worked as the Head Coach of the Gabon national football team, and was named a few months after the 2010 African Cup of Nations the Mali national football team manager.

wn.com/Alain_Giresse
Aleksandr Chivadze
Aleksandr Gavrilovich Chivadze (Georgian: ალექსანდრე ჩივაძე) (born 8 April 1955 in Klukhori), is a former Georgian football defender and coach.
Chivadze spent his entire club career at FC Dinamo Tbilisi, playing from 1974 to 1987. He earned 46 caps for the USSR national team and was included in the squads of the 1982 and 1986 World Cups.
After retirement from playing he was head-coach of the Georgian national team from 1993 to 1997, and again from 2001 to 2003. On January 31, 2012, he became the head coach of the Georgia national under-21 football team.

wn.com/Aleksandr_Chivadze
Alessandro Altobelli
Alessandro Altobelli (born 28 November 1955 in Sonnino, Latina) is a former professional Italian footballer.
Nicknamed Spillo ("Needle") for his slender build. Altobelli was one of the most effective Italian forwards of the late 1970s and 1980s. Following spells at Latina (Serie C) and Brescia (Serie B), he was signed by Internazionale, for whom he played 466 times, scoring 209 goals (128 in Serie A) and contributing to his team's scudetto of 1980. For Italy he was capped 61 times, scoring 25 goals: the most notable of which is the third goal in the 1982 FIFA World Cup final, won by Italy against West Germany. He became the second ever substitute to score in a FIFA World Cup final (after Dick Nanninga in 1978 and with Rudi Völler being the only one to repeat this feat ever since in 1986). Altobelli also played at Euro 80, the 1986 FIFA World Cup, and Euro 88, where he played as team's captain. He made 4 sub appearances scoring just after coming on in a 2–0 win over Denmark in the group stages.

wn.com/Alessandro_Altobelli
Alexis Ponnet
Alexis Ponnet (born 9 March 1939) is a former Belgian football referee. Most known for supervising two matches in the 1982 FIFA World Cup in Spain and one in the 1986 FIFA World Cup in Mexico. He also refereed the European Cup final in 1987 between Porto and Bayern Munich. He also refereed two UEFA European Football Championship in 1984 and 1988.

wn.com/Alexis_Ponnet
Américo Gallego
Américo Rubén "El Tolo" Gallego (born 25 April 1955) is an Argentine football coach and former player, he played 73 times for the Argentina national team during his playing career.
As a player, Gallego debuted in the Argentine league in 1974 as a midfielder for Newell's Old Boys. After a rookie season in which he saw little action, he quickly made a name for himself and was given a starting spot and regular playing time during the 1975 season. After being part of the Argentine national team that won the 1978 FIFA World Cup, Gallego stayed on at Newell's for three more years before being transferred to one of the two biggest teams in his country: River Plate.
Gallego played at River until the end of his career. He played for the "Millonarios" for seven years before retiring at the conclusion of the 1987/88 season. He is hailed as a legend at River, as he was the captain during the team's obtaining of their first Copa Libertadores, Intercontinental Cup and Copa Interamericana's in their rich history.

wn.com/Américo_Gallego
Andriy Bal
Andriy Mykhaylovych Bal (Ukrainian: Андрій Михайлович Баль, Russian: Андрей Михайлович Баль, Andrey Mikhaylovich Bal; born 16 January 1958 in Rozdil, Ukrainian SSR) is a former Soviet (Ukrainian) football (midfielder) and coach.
Bal is a product of the Lviv youth football schools. By 1976 he was playing in the senior squad of Karpaty Lviv. After 5 years with the team he earned a transfer to Dynamo Kyiv. He went on to spend the majority of his playing career with the team, winning four championship medals with them, as well as four Soviet Cups. He also picked up 3 runner's-up medals. Another major achievement of his career with Dynamo Kyiv was winning the 1986 Cup Winners’ Cup. In 1990 he left Dynamo to play in Israel with Maccabi Tel Aviv. He spent a season there before moving on to Bnei Yehuda, where he finished his playing career in 1993.
Bal has played for the USSR national football team 20 times, and scored 1 goal, a 20-meter strike in the game against Brazil at the 1982 FIFA World Cup in Spain. He represented the team at all levels and won the 1976 U-19 UEFA Championship, the 1977 FIFA World Youth Championship, twice won the U-21 UEFA Championship (in 1980 and 1990). He also played in the 1986 FIFA World Cup, where the Soviet team reached the Round of 16, losing to Belgium in extra-time.

wn.com/Andriy_Bal
Andrzej Buncol
Andrzej Bernard Buncol (born 21 September 1959 in Gliwice) is a retired Polish football player.
He played for clubs such as Ruch Chorzów, Legia Warszawa, FC Homburg (West Germany), Bayer Leverkusen (Germany) and Fortuna Düsseldorf (Germany).
He played for the Polish national team.
He was a participant at the 1982 FIFA World Cup (where Poland won third place) and the 1986 FIFA World Cup. After the 1986 World Cup he emigrated to West Germany.

wn.com/Andrzej_Buncol
Andrzej Szarmach
Andrzej Szarmach (born October 3, 1950 in Gdańsk, Poland) is a former Polish football player.
He played in the Polish national team during its "golden age" in the 1970s. With Grzegorz Lato at his right, Robert Gadocha at his left, and Kazimierz Deyna in support, Szarmach profitted from the absence of Włodzimierz Lubański to lead the Polish attack, the best at 1974 World Cup, with sixteen goals. While Lato finished first in the Cup in goals with seven, Szarmach, with five goals, also marked the competition with his imprint. He confirmed his status two years later at the 1976 Olympics in Montreal, winning the silver medal and the title of best player of the tournament, with nine goals.
Jowled and moustached, the Polish attacker had a Gallic quality, and thus easily fit in at AJ Auxerre. He won the favor of Guy Roux and of the Burgundian public, by scoring 94 goals between 1980 and 1985. After a brief period at Guingamp and a total of 32 goals in 61 games with the Polish national team, Szarmach began his career as a manager, in particular managing Clermont-Ferrand, then Châteauroux in the second division.

wn.com/Andrzej_Szarmach
Antonio Cabrini
Antonio Cabrini (born 8 October 1957) is an Italian professional football coach currently of Italy women's national and a former player. He has played left-back, mainly with Juventus. He won the 1982 FIFA World Cup with the Italian national team.
In 2007, he was very close to become the manager of the Syrian national football team. After long-running negotiations between the Syrian Football Federation and the Syrian national team sponsors, no agreement was achieved between the sides. Currently, he is part of Al Jazeera Sports channel analysts team that covers the Serie A football matches.
Cabrini was born in Cremona, Lombardy. He made his professional football debut with the local team U.S. Cremonese in the Serie C during the 1973–74 season, making 3 appearances and gaining a starting place the following 1974–1975 season. In the 1975–76 season he played in the Serie B for Atalanta, and in the summer of 1976 he was acquired by Juventus, the team for which he was to spend most of his career.

wn.com/Antonio_Cabrini
Antonín Panenka
Antonín Panenka (born 2 December 1948 in Prague) is a Czech former footballer.
An attacking midfielder known for the quality of his passing and his free kicks, Panenka played for Bohemians Prague for most of his career, joining the club as a youth in 1959. In 1981 Panenka left Bohemians for Austrian club Rapid Vienna, where he won two Bundesliga titles and an Austrian Cup. In 1985 Rapid reached the Cup Winners' Cup final; Panenka played as a substitute, but his side lost 3–1 to Everton. Later that year Panenka moved to VSE St. Pölten, and played two more seasons before moving into the lower leagues in Austria, playing from 1987–89 for Slovan Vienna, from 1989–91 for ASV Hohenau and from 1991–93 for Kleinwiesendorf.
He came to international prominence playing for Czechoslovakia in the 1976 European Championship; Czechoslovakia reached the final, where they faced West Germany. After extra time, the result was 2–2, and so the first penalty shootout in a European Championships final ensued. The first seven kicks were converted, until West Germany's fourth penalty taker, Uli Hoeneß, ballooned his shot over the bar. With the score 4–3, Panenka stepped up to take the fifth Czechoslovakian penalty, to win the match under immense pressure. German goalkeeper Sepp Maier dived to his left, while Panenka chipped the ball straight in the middle of the net. The sheer cheek of the goal led a watching French journalist to dub Panenka "a poet", and to this day his winning kick is one of the most famous ever, making Panenka's name synonymous with that particular style of penalty kick.

wn.com/Antonín_Panenka
Arnaldo Cézar Coelho
Arnaldo David Cézar Coelho (born January 15, 1943) was the first Brazilian, indeed first non-European to take charge of the FIFA World Cup final when he officiated in the 1982 final between Italy and West Germany.
Coelho's career began as a beach soccer referee; became professional in 1965 (at one time, famously, telling reporters that he was the highest paid match official in the world) and was appointed to the international list in 1968. He was selected for both the 1978 and 1982 FIFA World Cups. In total he officiated in seven matches during the World Cup finals, three as a referee (the mentioned final from 1982 included).
After the end of his refereeing career, he became a soccer TV commentator for Rede Globo. In March 2010, the The Daily Mail newspaper reporter Graham Poll listed Coelho as one of the top referees, citing his excellent performance in the 1978 and 1982 World Cups.
Coelho's brother is Ronaldo Cezar Coelho, a representative and founder of the Social Democratic Party in Brazil (PSDB).

wn.com/Arnaldo_Cézar_Coelho
Arturo Ithurralde
Arturo Andrés Ithurralde (born March 6, 1934) is a retired Argentine football referee. He is known for having refereed one match in the 1982 FIFA World Cup in Spain.

wn.com/Arturo_Ithurralde
Austria
Austria (ⁱ/ˈɒstriə/ or /ˈɔːstriə/; German: Österreich [ˈøːstɐˌʁaɪç] ( listen)), officially the Republic of Austria (German: Republik Österreich (help·info)), is a landlocked country of roughly 8.47 million people in Central Europe. It is bordered by the Czech Republic and Germany to the north, Hungary and Slovakia to the east, Slovenia and Italy to the south, and Switzerland and Liechtenstein to the west. The territory of Austria covers 83,855 square kilometres (32,377 sq mi) and has a temperate and alpine climate. Austria's terrain is highly mountainous due to the presence of the Alps; only 32% of the country is below 500 metres (1,640 ft), and its highest point is 3,798 metres (12,461 ft). The majority of the population speak local Austro-Bavarian dialects of German as their native language, and German in its standard form is the country's official language. Other local official languages are Burgenland Croatian, Hungarian and Slovene.
The origins of modern-day Austria date back to the time of the Habsburg dynasty when the vast majority of the country was a part of the Holy Roman Empire of the German Nation. During the 17th and 18th centuries, Austria became one of the great powers of Europe and, in response to the coronation of Napoleon I as the Emperor of the French, the Austrian Empire was officially proclaimed in 1804. In 1867, the Austrian Empire was reformed into Austria-Hungary.

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Benjamin Dwomoh
Benjamin Dwomoh (born July 1, 1935) is a retired Ghanaian football referee. He is known to have refereed one match in the 1982 FIFA World Cup in Spain, between Kuwait and Czechoslovakia in Valladolid.

wn.com/Benjamin_Dwomoh
Bernard Genghini
Bernard Genghini (born 18 January 1958 in Soultz-Haut-Rhin, Haut-Rhin) is a French former football midfielder.
He earned 27 caps and scored 6 goals for the France national football team. He played in three major international tournaments: the 1982 FIFA World Cup (4th place), Euro 84 (champions), and the 1986 FIFA World Cup (3rd place).
Genghini is one of five players who have scored twice from a direct free kick in World Cup history. The others are Pelé, Rivelino, Teófilo Cubillas, and David Beckham.
He is the father of Benjamin Genghini, who's also a professional football player.

wn.com/Bernard_Genghini
Bogdan Dotchev
Bogdan Guanev Dotchev (born June 26, 1935) is a retired Bulgarian football referee. He is known for having refereed two matches in the FIFA World Cup, one in 1982 and one in 1986. Dotchev was a linesman in the game between England and Argentina in 1986 in which the Hand of God was scored by Diego Maradona.

wn.com/Bogdan_Dotchev
Bruno Conti
Bruno Conti (born 13 March 1955 in Nettuno, province of Rome) is an Italian ex-football player and former coach of the Serie A club Roma from 14 March 2005 to 30 June 2005. His two sons Daniele and Andrea are both professional footballers. A winger and among the best in the world during his time,^{[citation needed]} Conti was extremely fast, a good crosser and a skilled dribbler.
Conti was on the Italian national side that won the 1982 FIFA World Cup. He was one of the best players in the tournament,^{[citation needed]} and played an instrumental role in Italy's win in the final against West Germany . Despite being booked after 31 minutes, he was a central figure in Italy's second goal that was scored by Marco Tardelli and single-handedly created Italy's third goal by breaking down the right side from the half-way line and crossing to Alessandro Altobelli to score from the top of the box after 81 minutes. The Italians won the game 3-1.
During his domestic league career, he played for Roma from 1973 to 1990, winning the Scudetto in 1983 and Coppa Italia four times. He helped them to the 1984 European Cup Final but they were to be defeated on penalties by Liverpool, with Conti himself missing his penalty in the shootout. Following the departure of coach Luigi Delneri, Conti moved up from his position as head of the club's youth teams to first team coach during the 2004-05 season. Conti did not possess a coaching licence, but was a respected figure at the club. World Cup winners, however, are exempted from taking coaching exams.^{[citation needed]}

wn.com/Bruno_Conti
Bruno Galler
Bruno Galler (born 21 October 1946) is a retired football referee from Switzerland. He is mostly known for supervising one match in the 1982 FIFA World Cup in Spain. He also refereed the UEFA Cup final in 1989 and the European Football Championship final in 1992.
Galler was also the first foreign German Bundesliga referee in history. He refereed the match between SV Darmstadt 98 and VfL Bochum in August 1981.

Template:Portal:Switzerland/Stub

wn.com/Bruno_Galler
Bruno Pezzey
Bruno Edmund Pezzey (3 February 1955 – 31 December 1994) was an Austrian footballer.
Regarded as one of Austria's greatest defenders of all time, Pezzey started his professional career at local side FC Vorarlberg and moved to FC Wacker Innsbruck after only one season, winning two league titles and a domestic cup. The sweeper then joined Eintracht Frankfurt in 1978, winning the UEFA Cup and a German Cup. Four seasons with Werder Bremen did not bring him any silverware (but runner-up to the league title twice) and he returned to Innsbruck in 1987 to win two league titles and a domestic cup again.
He made his debut for Austria in June 1975 against Czechoslovakia and was a participant at the 1978 FIFA World Cup and 1982 FIFA World Cup. In the latter tournament, he scored Austria's first goal in the 2-2 draw with Northern Ireland in Madrid. He earned 84 caps, scoring 9 goals, still ranked fifth with Friedrich Koncilia in Austria's all-time appearances list. His final international appearance was an August 1990 friendly match against Switzerland.

wn.com/Bruno_Pezzey
Bryan Robson
Bryan Robson OBE (born 11 January 1957) is an English football manager and a former player. He played in midfield for West Bromwich Albion in the late 70s before moving to Manchester United in 1981 where he became the longest serving captain in the club's history. He was the manager of Sheffield United, being relieved of his first team duties at the club in February 2008. The following month, Robson returned to Manchester United as an ambassador for the club.
Born in Chester-le-Street, County Durham, Robson began his playing career at West Bromwich Albion, before moving on to Manchester United, whom he captained to three FA Cups and a European Cup Winners' Cup. He also won two FA Premiership winners medals. Towards the end of his playing career he moved into management as player-manager with Middlesbrough. Robson had a good goal-scoring record; terrific anticipation, movement, timing on and off the ball; was fiercely competitive and brave; possessed high levels of stamina; tackled, passed well and was also a good header of the ball.^{[citation needed]} He represented England on 90 occasions, making him the sixth most capped England player of all-time, and has the eleventh highest goalscoring tally with 26. Robson captained his country 65 times, with only Bobby Moore and Billy Wright having captained England on more occasions. Robson is also known by the nicknames "Robbo" and "Captain Marvel". Bobby Robson stated that after Kevin Beattie, Robson was, along with Alan Shearer, the best British player he ever worked with. In August 2011, Robson was voted as the greatest ever Manchester United player from a poll of ex Manchester United Players as part of a new book, 19, released to celebrate their 19th league title win.

wn.com/Bryan_Robson
Charles Corver
Charles George Reinier Corver (born January 16, 1936, Leiden) is a former Dutch football referee.
He was decorated twice by the Queen and the football association (KNVB-UEFA-FIFA).
He is remembered for his controversial decision in the 1982 World Cup semifinal between Germany and France in Seville, Spain, when he deemed goalkeeper Harald Schumacher's collision with Patrick Battiston to be not a foul. It is regularly considered to have been one of the worst refereeing decisions ever made.
Corver was referee at two World Cups and two European championships. He refereed four European Cup finals, ten semifinals and a final World Cup for clubs in Argentina. More than 140 international matches and more than 600 national matches. After his last final (1983) in Portugal he was observer for UEFA-FIFA and KNVB for 22 years and member of the disciplinary commity for sixteen years. His profession was national sales manager at Heineken.

wn.com/Charles_Corver
Claudio Gentile
Claudio Gentile (Italian pronunciation: [ˈklaudjo dʒenˈtile]; born in Libya, 27 September 1953) is an Italian football coach and former defender of the 1970s and 1980s. Gentile appeared for Italy in two World Cup tournaments, including playing in the winning Italian team in the 1982 final. His club career was notably spent with Juventus for whom he made almost 300 league appearances, winning six national titles and two major European trophies.
In 1972–73 he played in Serie B with Varese.
He then moved to Juventus and first played for them in a Coppa Italia match against Ascoli Calcio on 29 August 1973, with his Serie A debut following on 2 December 1973 against Verona. In all he played 414 senior matches for Juventus, including 283 in Serie A. In over a decade in Turin, Gentile won two major European club competitions (1976-77 UEFA Cup and 1983–84 European Cup Winners' Cup), six Serie A championships, and two Coppa Italias.
In 1984 he moved to Fiorentina where he spent three further years in Serie A, and he then played a final season in Serie B with Piacenza before retiring.

wn.com/Claudio_Gentile
Clive White
Clive Bradley White (born 2 May 1940) is a retired English football referee from Harrow, Middlesex.
White made the Football League referees list at the age of thirty three in 1973, after four years as a linesman. He made rapid progress and reached the FIFA Panel around 1978. He achieved the honour of refereeing the 1982 FA Cup Final, featuring two London clubs, Tottenham and QPR. He also handled the subsequent replay, eventually awarding Tottenham the penalty with which they won the Cup.
He then went on to referee in the 1982 World Cup Finals in Spain. He featured in three matches - refereeing the First Phase Group C match between Belgium and Hungary, which ended 1-1, and as linesman for the First Phase Group F game when the Soviet Union beat New Zealand by 3-0, and also linesman for the goalless match between Poland and the Soviet Union in the Second Phase Group 1.
At this stage White seemed to have marked himself out as the leading English referee with potentially another six years before retirement. However, soon after, he was convicted of deception and resigned from the League list on 30 July 1982.^†

wn.com/Clive_White
Damir Matovinović
Damir Matovinović (born April 6, 1940) is a retired football referee from Croatia. He is mostly known for supervising one match (between Brazil and New Zealand) at the 1982 FIFA World Cup in Spain.

wn.com/Damir_Matovinović
Daniel Bertoni
Ricardo Daniel Bertoni (born 14 March 1955 in Bahía Blanca) is a former Argentine footballer who played in a Right Winger role.
Bertoni started playing in Argentine's second division for Quilmes in 1972. After one year he was transferred to first division's team Independiente where he played alongside with Ricardo Bochini and won one national and several international titles.
Bertoni emigrated in 1978 to Spain to play for Sevilla. He played successfully in the Italian League for many years, mainly for Fiorentina and Napoli.
Bertoni played 31 times for the Argentina national football team between 1974 and 1982. in both the 1978 and the 1982 FIFA World Cups. In the 1978 World Cup on home soil, he scored Argentina's third goal in the final against Netherlands in a 3–1 extra-time win, as Argentina went on to lift the trophy.

wn.com/Daniel_Bertoni
Daniel Passarella
Daniel Alberto Passarella (born 25 May 1953 in Chacabuco, Buenos Aires province) is a former Argentine football centre back and former manager of the Argentine and Uruguayan national football teams. He was captain of the Argentina team that won the 1978 World Cup. He is the current President of River Plate after winning the elections by a very close margin in December 2009.
Passarella started his career at Sarmiento of Junin, Buenos Aires province. From there he joined River Plate, then Fiorentina of Italy and briefly, Internazionale. After his successful spell in the Serie A, he returned to River Plate, where he played until his retirement.
He was called "El Gran Capitán" (the Great Captain, nickname of Argentine Independence heroe José de San Martín) or "El Kaiser" (an allusion to Franz Beckenbauer) because of his leadership ability, his passion, and his organisational prowess on the field. He was a defender who often joined the attack, and helped generate and finish offensive plays. At some point, he became football's top scoring defender, with 134 goals in 451 matches (that record was since broken by Dutch defender Ronald Koeman).

wn.com/Daniel_Passarella
David Narey
David 'Sash' Alan Narey, MBE (born 12 June 1956 in Dundee) is a former Scottish international footballer, who spent 21 years with Dundee United, coinciding with United's most successful era, under the management of Jim McLean. Many considered Narey to be the most naturally talented member of the side during these years. Although best remembered as a central defender, he was equally comfortable in a midfield position.^{[citation needed]} Narey is probably best remembered for opening the scoring for Scotland against Brazil in the 1982 FIFA World Cup.
Narey won three trophies in his career with Dundee United, the Scottish League Cup in 1979 and again in 1980 and the Scottish Football League Premier Division title in 1983. He also captained United when they played in the 1987 UEFA Cup Final against IFK Gothenburg, which they lost 1-0 in the first leg in Sweden and drew the return leg at Tannadice 1-1, for a 2-1 defeat on aggregate. United's fans did however win the first FIFA Fair Play award for their behaviour in the second leg of that UEFA Cup Final.

wn.com/David_Narey
David Socha
David Socha (born September 27, 1938) is a former soccer referee from the United States. He is best known for supervising two matches in the FIFA World Cup, one in 1982 and one in 1986.

wn.com/David_Socha
Didier Six
Didier Six (born 21 August 1954 in Lille, Nord) is a former French international footballer. He played as a winger and he earned 52 caps and scored 13 goals for the France national football team. He played in the 1978 FIFA World Cup and the 1982 FIFA World Cup, and was also part of the winning team at Euro 84. He also acquired Turkish citizenship in order to play as a neutral player at Galatasaray. He played with his Turkish citizenship at Galatasaray as Dündar Siz and won Turkish First League championship with Galatasaray in 1987–88 season. Six was signed by the Fédération Togolaise de Football as coach for the Togo national football team in November 2011.

wn.com/Didier_Six
Diego Maradona
Diego Armando Maradona Franco (Spanish pronunciation: [ˈdjeɣo maɾaˈðona]; born 30 October 1960) is a retired Argentine football player, and current manager of Al Wasl FC in Dubai. Many experts, football critics, former and current players consider Maradona the greatest football player of all time. He won FIFA Player of the Century award which was to be decided by votes on their official website, their official magazine and a grand jury.
He is the only player in football history who set world-record contract fees twice. The first, when he was transferred to Barcelona for a then world record £5m and the second, when he was transferred to Napoli for another record fee £6.9m. Over the course of his professional club career Maradona played for Argentinos Juniors, Boca Juniors, Barcelona, Napoli, Sevilla and Newell's Old Boys. In his international career, playing for Argentina, he earned 91 caps and scored 34 goals.
He played in four FIFA World Cup tournaments, including the 1986 tournament, where he captained Argentina and led them to their victory over West Germany in the final, winning the Golden Ball award as the tournament's best player. In that same tournament's quarterfinal round, he scored both goals in a 2–1 victory over England that entered football history, though for two different reasons. The first goal was via an unpenalized handball known as the "Hand of God", while the second goal followed a 60 m (66 yd) dribble past five England players, voted "The Goal of the Century" by FIFA.com voters in 2002.

wn.com/Diego_Maradona
Dino Zoff
Dino Zoff (born February 28, 1942 in Mariano del Friuli) is an Italian former football goalkeeper and is the oldest winner ever of the World Cup, which he earned as captain of the Italian team in the 1982 tournament in Spain, at the age of 40 years, 4 months and 13 days.
Zoff was a goalkeeper of outstanding ability and has a place in the history of the sport among the very best in this role, being named the 3rd greatest goalkeeper of the 20th century by the IFFHS behind Lev Yashin and Gordon Banks. He holds the record for the longest playing time without allowing goals in international tournaments (1142 minutes) set between 1972 and 1974. With 112 caps, he is the fourth most capped player for the Azzurri. In 2004 Pelé named him as one of the 125 greatest living footballers.
After retiring as a footballer, Zoff went on to become coach for the Italian national team and several other Italian clubs.
Dino Zoff was born in Mariano del Friuli, Friuli-Venezia Giulia (Italy), and was elected in a poll by the IFFHS as the third best goalkeeper of the 20th Century - after Lev Yashin (1st) and Gordon Banks (2nd).

wn.com/Dino_Zoff
Dominique Rocheteau
Dominique Rocheteau (born January 14, 1955 in Saintes, Charente-Maritime) is a former football striker from France, who is currently the head of the National Commission of Ethics of the French Football Association.
Rocheteau began his professional career with AS Saint-Étienne, when they were the most successful and popular football team in France. He was a sinuous and incisive outside right who was nicknamed the "Green Angel". Injured, he played only the last eight minutes of the 1976 European Cup Final, which St. Etienne lost 1-0 to Bayern Munich. He won three French Championships (1974–1976) and one French Cup (1977) with St. Etienne. He transferred to Paris St. Germain in 1980 with whom he won once more the French Championship (1986) and two more French Cups (1982–1983). In 1987 he was transferred to Toulouse FC, for whom he played two seasons before retiring in 1989. With the French National Team Rocheteau won 49 caps from 1975–1986 and scored 15 goals. He played in the 1978 World Cup, 1982 World Cup and 1986 World Cup and was part of the team that won the European Championship in 1984 (though Rocheteau missed the final due to injury). He also played for the French Olympic Football team which won the gold medal at the 1984 Summer Olympic Games in Los Angeles.

wn.com/Dominique_Rocheteau
Eduardo Laing
Eduardo Antonio "Tony" Laing Cárcamo (b. 1959, Puerto Cortes, Honduras) is a former Honduran footballer and member of the Honduras national football team, known for his game-tying goal against Northern Ireland in the 1982 FIFA World Cup.
Laing started playing professional soccer in Honduras at age 17, and is the fourth all-time leading scorer for C.D. Platense. He also played for C.D. Marathón, as well as in Greece and El Salvador, before retiring as a player in 1997.
In 1982, Laing was named to the Honduras World Cup team as a reserve. He entered as a substitute in the 58th minute of Honduras's second game, against Northern Ireland, and scored the game-tying goal in the 60th minute on a header off a corner kick. Laing also appeared in the 1985 CONCACAF Championship, scoring two goals for Honduras in qualifying play.
In 2007, Laing moved to New Orleans, Louisiana, where he coaches amateur soccer and works as a painting contractor.

wn.com/Eduardo_Laing
Enrique Saura
Enrique Saura Gil (born 2 August 1954 in Onda, Castellón, Valencian Community) is a Spanish retired footballer who played as an attacking midfielder.
During his career, Saura played exclusively in the Valencian Community: after starting at CD Castellón, he moved to local giants Valencia CF, where he would be an undisputed starter throughout his 10-year spell. He helped the Che win three titles in one year, most notably the 1979–80 European Cup Winners' Cup, while he added 37 goals in the first division.
After leaving Valencia at 31, Saura returned to Castellón, for three Segunda División seasons. He then moved to amateurs CD Onda, his very first youth club, where he retired at nearly 38.
Saura gained 23 caps for Spain, the first coming on 8 November 1978, in a friendly with France. During Valencia's stellar 1979–80, he began being a regular for the national team, and was called-up for the squads at both UEFA Euro 1980 and the 1982 FIFA World Cup; in the latter, he scored one of his four international goals, in a crucial 2–1 win against Yugoslavia, after he had been in the pitch for only three minutes.

wn.com/Enrique_Saura
Enzo Bearzot
Vincenzo "Enzo" Bearzot (Italian pronunciation: [ˈɛntso bearˈdzɔt]; 26 September 1927 – 21 December 2010) was an Italian association football player and manager. He is best known for having led the Italian national football team to a triumph in the 1982 FIFA World Cup.
Born in Aiello del Friuli, in the friulian Province of Udine in Friuli-Venezia Giulia, Bearzot had a moderately successful playing career as a centre back. He made his debut in professional football with Pro Gorizia in 1946, a team he left in 1948 to join Serie A giants Internazionale. After three seasons with the Nerazzurri, Bearzot moved to Sicily and joined Catania for three more seasons. This was then followed by a long period at Torino, where he played from 1954 to 1964, except for a short stint back at Internazionale in 1956–57. He retired in 1964, aged 37.
In his playing career, Bearzot totalled 251 appearances in Italy's Serie A, being called up once to play for Italy, making his debut on 27 November 1955 in a 0–2 1955–56 Central European International Cup match defeat to Hungary.

wn.com/Enzo_Bearzot
Erik Fredriksson
Erik Fredriksson (born February 13, 1943) is a former Swedish football referee. He officiated four World Cup games: Yugoslavia v Northern Ireland in 1982; Italy v Bulgaria (the tournament opening match) and USSR v Belgium in 1986; and Argentina v USSR in 1990.
Fredriksson's handling of the latter match caused controversy due to his failure to see Diego Maradona punching a goal-bound Soviet header off the line when the score was still goalless. The USSR eventually lost the game 2-0, and were so incensed at Fredriksson's refereeing that they made a formal protest to FIFA in Rome the following day.
Fredriksson also refereed the Euro 84 first-round tie between Belgium and Yugoslavia in Lens.
In the match of the USSR , Belgium (BS- 86) was recorded twice offside by the Belgian team into the ground during the match . Both the time led to the gate Gholam Soviet team. The judge of the match, which at first capture of the gates of the Soviet team , initially recorded offside , but after a few minutes, nodding box as if nothing had happened , was eventually disqualified. Chief Judge (Mr. Frederiksson) as the match was assigned to the final match of World Cup 1986 as a side judge.

wn.com/Erik_Fredriksson
Erwin Vandenbergh
Erwin Vandenbergh (born 26 January 1959) was a Belgian footballer. Between 1981 and 1991, he finished six times topscorer of the Belgian First Division, with three different clubs (the first three with Lierse, the following two with Anderlecht, and the last one with Gent). In 1981 he was European topscorer with 39 goals out of 34 games. As a Belgian national team regular Vandenbergh scored a memorable victory goal against Argentina in the opening game of the 1982 World Cup in Spain.
Vandenbergh also played for the French club Lille with his Belgian national team partner Filip Desmet under the management of another fellow Belgian Georges Heylens. His son, Kevin Vandenbergh, has also become a football striker and he currently plays for KV Mechelen in Belgium.

wn.com/Erwin_Vandenbergh
Francesco Graziani
Francesco "Ciccio" Graziani (born December 16, 1952) is an Italy football manager and former player.
Graziani was born in Subiaco, in the province of Rome.
As striker, he started his footballing career in Arezzo. Later he became famous as one of the leading members of the last scudetto won by Torino. He joined the granata in 1973, and soon became a key player for the team, winning the Serie A in 1976. In 1977, he was the Serie A top-scorer with 21 goals.
Graziani then played for ACF Fiorentina (1981–1983) and AS Roma (1983–1988), and failing to win a European Cup in a penalty defeat against Liverpool (Graziani himself missed a penalty shoot-out in the match). He then played also for Udinese, before abandoning his playing career. Graziani totalled 353 appearances, with 130 goals, in the Italian Serie A.
He was also an international player for Italy, representing the Azzurri at the 1978 FIFA World Cup, 1982 FIFA World Cup and in Euro 80. He scored one goal in the 1982 FIFA World Cup against Cameroon, a tournament that Italy won. With 23 goals in 64 caps, he is (as of April, 2006) ranked as the ninth highest all-time scorer for his national team.

wn.com/Francesco_Graziani
Franz Wöhrer
Franz Wöhrer (born 5 June 1939), is a former football referee from Austria. He is best known for supervising one match in the 1982 FIFA World Cup in Spain, between Cameroon and Peru. He was at the centre of controversy during that match, when he disallowed what turned out to be a legitimate goal by Cameroon's Roger Milla.

wn.com/Franz_Wöhrer
Gaetano Scirea
Gaetano Scirea (Italian pronunciation: [ɡaeˈtaːno ʃʃiˈrɛːa]; 25 May 1953 – 3 September 1989) was an Italian football player who is considered one of the greatest defenders of all-time.
Scirea is one of only five players in European football history to have won all international trophies for football clubs recognized by UEFA and FIFA. Scirea is also one of only nine players in the history of the European football that won all three major UEFA football competitions. He played for the Italian national team for more than a decade during which he was irreplaceable as the leading defender, keeping Franco Baresi out of the national team for four years until he retired in 1986. Scirea became a World Champion with the 1982 FIFA World Cup winning team, which defeated Brazil 3–2 in a brilliantly played quarter-final match, and dominated Germany 3–1 in the final.
Scirea was a graceful defender of great skill and tactical ability. In contrast to the ruthless tactics often employed by other defenders, most notably his paired partner, Claudio Gentile, Scirea was renowned for his class, fair play and sportsmanship. Scirea never earned a red card in his career.

wn.com/Gaetano_Scirea
Gastón Castro
Gastón Edmundo Castro Makuc (born August 23, 1948) is a retired Chilean association football referee. He is known for having refereed one match in the 1982 FIFA World Cup in Spain.
He has chaired the Chilean committee of referees and is a FIFA trainer of referees.

wn.com/Gastón_Castro
Gilberto Aristizábal
Gilberto Aristizábal Murcia (born September 8, 1940) is a retired Colombian football referee. He is known for having refereed one match in the 1982 FIFA World Cup in Spain.

wn.com/Gilberto_Aristizábal
Gilberto Yearwood
Gilberto Gerónimo Yearwood (born March 15, 1956) is a retired Honduran football player. He is by many regarded as one of Honduras' best players of all time. Currently, he is coach of Guatemalan side, Xinabajul.
Yearwood has played mostly in defensive midfield for Real C.D. España in his native country, Elche CF, Real Valladolid, CD Tenerife and Celta de Vigo in Spain, but ended his career as a central defender back in Honduras with CD Olimpia, Motagua and Marathón. He scored 20 goals in Liga Nacional: 10 with Real España, 6 with Motagua and 4 for Olimpia. His nickname was "El Vikingo" (The Viking).
Yearwood played and scored at the 1977 FIFA World Youth Championship, the inaugural staging of the FIFA World Youth Championship held in Tunisia.
He was part of the Honduras national football team that took part in the 1982 FIFA World Cup. He played his final international game in a 1993 FIFA World Cup qualification match against Mexico.
As a coach, he has been in charge of Motagua winning his first title, Olimpia, Broncos, Real Maya, Real España and Atlético Olanchano in Honduras as well as Dragón in El Salvador.

wn.com/Gilberto_Yearwood
Graeme Souness
Graeme James Souness ( /ˈsuːnɨs/; born 6 May 1953) is a Scottish former professional football player and manager.
Souness was the captain of the successful Liverpool team of the early 1980s and player-manager of Rangers in the late 1980s as well as captain of the Scottish national team. He also played for Tottenham Hotspur, Middlesbrough and Sampdoria in a long career. Following his retirement from playing he managed Rangers, Liverpool, Southampton, Benfica, Galatasaray, Blackburn Rovers and Newcastle United.
Souness now does media work and divides his time working as a pundit for RTÉ, ESPN, Sky Sports and Al Jazeera Sports.
Souness was brought up in the Saughton Mains area of Edinburgh, and supported local side Hearts and Rangers. As a teenager Souness played for local boys' club North Merchiston.
Souness's career began as an apprentice at Tottenham Hotspur under Bill Nicholson. He signed professional forms as a 15 year-old in 1968. Frustrated at a lack of first team opportunities, the teenage Souness reputedly informed Nicholson that he was the best player at the club. Souness made one solitary appearance for Spurs in the UEFA cup as a substitute.

wn.com/Graeme_Souness
Grzegorz Lato
Grzegorz Bolesław Lato (born 8 April 1950 in Malbork) is a former Polish football striker, and the leading scorer at the 1974 World Cup. Lato's playing career coincided with the golden era of Polish football, which began with Olympic gold in Munich in 1972 and ended a decade later with third place at the 1982 World Cup in Spain, a repeat of the Poles' impressive finish in 1974 in Germany. He is the only Polish player ever to win the Golden boot at a World Cup.
He is best known for his pace.
From 2001 to 2005 Lato, as a member of Democratic Left Alliance, was a senator in Poland. On October 30, 2008 he was elected President of Polish FA.
For Poland, Lato has been capped a record 104 times between 1971 and 1984; he scored 45 goals, which is second-best in national history behind Włodzimierz Lubański. Other than the 1974 World Cup, where he scored seven goals, he also participated in the 1978 and 1982 tournaments. In the 1974 World Cup, he won the Golden Shoe after scoring 7 goals throughout the tournament. In a difficult Group 4, the Poles made an early impression, defeating Argentina by a score of 3–2, with two goals from Lato, the first being scored after just seven minutes of play. Buoyed by that success, Poland then posted the tournament's second largest win with a 7–0 defeat of Haiti (the largest being Yugoslavia's 9–0 demolition of Zaire), with Lato weighing in with another two strikes. In the second round, the Stal Mielec-based striker was even more instrumental, scoring winning goals against Group B rivals Sweden (1–0) and Yugoslavia (2–1). And while even Lato was powerless to prevent an agonising 1–0 defeat by Germany in Frankfurt the in-form marksman was able to propel his team to third place courtesy of the only goal in the play-off victory over Brazil. He was then known as Poland's favorite player. While playing for Poland, he helped them win several titles.

wn.com/Grzegorz_Lato
Guillermo La Rosa
Guillermo La Rosa Laguna (born June 6, 1952) is a retired football forward from Peru. He competed for the Peru national football team at the 1978 and 1982 FIFA World Cup, wearing the number nineteen jersey. At club level he played for Alianza Lima (Peru) Atlético Nacional and Cúcuta Deportivo (Colombia).
La Rosa made 39 appearances for the Peru national football team.

wn.com/Guillermo_La_Rosa
Gustavo Moscoso
Gustavo Moscoso Huencho (born August 10, 1955) is a retired football player from Chile, who played as an attacking midfielder and/or striker. A player of Universidad Católica he represented Chile at the 1982 FIFA World Cup, wearing the number eleven jersey.
Moscoso became a naturalized Mexican citizen in 2006. He was appointed as the manager of Puebla F.C. in April 2008.

wn.com/Gustavo_Moscoso
Gábor Pölöskei
Gábor Pölöskei (born 11 October 1960) is a retired Hungarian football player and current manager.
He scored two goals for the Hungary national football team in the 1982 FIFA World Cup, one against El Salvador and another against Argentina.

wn.com/Gábor_Pölöskei
Gérard Soler
Gérard Soler (born 29 March 1954 in Oujda, Morocco) is a former French-Moroccan footballer, who played as a forward or attacking midfielder. He is of Catalan descent, Soler being a Catalan surname. He played from 1972 until 1988, for Sochaux, Monaco, Bordeaux, Toulouse, Strasbourg, Bastia, Lille, Rennes and Orléans, where he retired. He briefly worked as a coach at St-Étienne in 2000.
Soler represented France at the 1982 World Cup, scoring their goal in a 3-1 defeat to England in Bilbao. He was the only player to score against England in the tournament. In total, Soler won 16 caps for France between November 16, 1974 and May 31, 1983, scoring four goals.

wn.com/Gérard_Soler
Hans Krankl
Johann "Hans" Krankl (born 14 February 1953 in Vienna) is a retired Austrian footballer. He was manager of LASK Linz.
A prolific striker, Krankl is regarded by many as the greatest ever Austrian player. He started his professional career at Rapid Wien and stayed there for 8 years, apart from a year at Wiener AC. He won the European Golden Boot at Rapid Wien in 1978, attracting the interest of Barcelona. His spell at Barcelona was successful, winning the Copa del Rey in his first season as well as the Cup Winners' Cup (scoring in the final itself), and picking up the top goalscorer's award in La Liga that season with 29 goals. He returned to Rapid Wien in 1981, captaining the side and again hammering in the goals for them over the next 5 years. He played a major part in the most successful of Rapid teams in the 1980s, claiming the League crown twice and most prominently losing the Cup Winners' Cup Final in 1985 against Everton. In 1986, he moved to become player-manager at Wiener Sport-Club.

wn.com/Hans_Krankl
Harald Schumacher
Harald Anton Schumacher (born 6 March 1954 in Düren, West Germany), commonly known as Toni Schumacher, is a German former football goalkeeper, and a member of the West German national team. He won the 1980 European Championship and lost two World Cup finals, in 1982 and 1986. However, he is perhaps best remembered for a highly controversial incident in the 1982 FIFA World Cup semifinal against France when he collided with and seriously injured French defender Patrick Battiston.
On the field, Schumacher was an effective goalkeeper, and was one of the first keepers to master a one-armed throw that could propel the ball well into the opponents' half.
Schumacher played 76 international matches for West Germany between 1979 and 1986, including 15 World Cup qualifying matches and 14 World Cup matches. He won the 1980 European Championship and lost two World Cup finals, in 1982 and 1986.
Schumacher was involved in a collision with a French defender, substitute Patrick Battiston, in the semi-final of the 1982 World Cup. Battiston had just Schumacher to beat after a through ball from Michel Platini, but shot wide of the goal. Instead of trying to defend the shot, Schumacher appeared to jump directly at Battiston, and collided with him in mid-air. Battiston was knocked unconscious, and later slipped into a coma. He also lost his two front teeth and had a damaged vertebra. He received oxygen on the pitch.Michel Platini later said that he thought that Battiston had died, because "he had no pulse and looked pale". The Dutch referee Charles Corver did not award a free kick for the incident. Schumacher then proceeded to take the goal-kick and play resumed. Germany would eventually go on to win the game on penalty kicks after the match was tied at 3–3.

wn.com/Harald_Schumacher
Horst Hrubesch
Horst Hrubesch (born 17 April 1951 in Hamm) is a retired German football player, now manager, employed as of 2000^[update] as a youth trainer at the German Football Association. His nickname was Das Kopfball-Ungeheuer (the Header Beast) for his heading skills.
Hrubesch was the typical late bloomer. He played in small clubs until the age of 24 before he was signed by Rot-Weiss Essen. There he played well enough that Hamburger SV bought him, where he blossomed into one of the most productive forwards of the Bundesliga and was soon called up for the German national team. Hrubesch was known for his symbiotic relationship with fellow HSV player Manfred Kaltz, a right wingback whose crosses Hrubesch often headed into the goal.
West Germany's match-winning hero in the UEFA Euro 1980 Final against Belgium, Hrubesch scored two goals in Rome, the second of them a trademark bullet header in the 89th minute. It was a day of glorious redemption for the big, bulky Hamburger SV centre forward who a few weeks earlier had hobbled around the field with an ankle injury as his club lost the European Champion Clubs' Cup final to Nottingham Forest FC. A latecomer to the international scene, Hrubesch had only been called into the West Germany squad after Klaus Fischer broke his leg, and the game against Belgium was only his fifth international appearance. He would win just 21 caps in all, the last of them in the 1982 FIFA World Cup final. A German champion three times, he also won the European Cup with Hamburg in 1983, captaining the team to a sensational 1–0 win against favourites Juventus in the Athens final.

wn.com/Horst_Hrubesch
Héctor Zelaya
Héctor Ramón Zelaya Rivera (born 12 August 1958) is a retired Honduran football player.
Nicknamed Pecho de Águila, he played in defense or midfield for C.D. Motagua. He also played at Deportivo de La Coruña. He made his professional debut in the Honduran Liga Nacional on 7 March 1976 wearing the Motagua jersey in the 1–0 win against Campamento.
Zelaya played three games for Honduras U-20 at the 1977 FIFA U-20 World Cup in Tunisia.
He then played in 7 World Cup qualifying matches in 1980 and 1981, taking Honduras to their first ever World Cup.
He is most famous for his goal against Spain at the 1982 FIFA World Cup, putting the "Catrachos" 1-0 up against the hosts in Valencia in their first game. Eventually, Spain needed a penalty to equalise.

wn.com/Héctor_Zelaya
Ivan Gudelj
Ivan Gudelj (born 21 September 1960) is a Croatian former football midfielder who represented Yugoslavia.
Ivan Gudelj started his player career in a club from the neighbouring village of Runovići - NK Mračaj. His coach was the father of future football star Zvonimir Boban. Few years later, Gudelj went to play for Hajduk Split, for which he played in period 1976-1986. He quickly marked himself out as a dependable and elegant defensive midfielder, earning the moniker "Beckenbauer from Zmijavci" in the Yugoslav press.
The rising career of a new European football star ended suddenly. Gudelj was forced to end his career cause of health problems, more specifically, hepatitis B. He played his last game against Red Star Belgrade in Split on 23 September 1986 at the start of the 1986-87 league season. His precontract with Girondins de Bordeaux has never been realised.
As a youth player, he was named the best player of the 1979 European Junior championship in Vienna.
Gudelj participated in the Youth championship in 1980, together with Maradona. His excellent games for national youth team drew the attention national team head coach Miljan Miljanić who called Gudelj up for the full squad the following year.

wn.com/Ivan_Gudelj
Janusz Kupcewicz
Janusz Bogdan Kupcewicz (born December 9, 1955 in Gdańsk) is a retired Polish football player.
He played for clubs such as Stomil Olsztyn, Arka Gdynia, Lech Poznań, AS Saint-Etienne, Larissa, Lechia Gdańsk and Adanaspor. He also was loaned to Zonguldakspor in 1986–87 season.
He played for Polish national team, for which he played 19 matches and scored 5 goals.
He was a participant at the 1978 FIFA World Cup and 1982 FIFA World Cup, where Poland won the third place.

wn.com/Janusz_Kupcewicz
Jesús María Zamora
Jesús María Zamora Ansorena (born 1 January 1955) is a Spanish retired footballer who played as a midfielder.
Born in Rentería, Gipuzkoa (near San Sebastián), Zamora played his entire professional career with local outfit Real Sociedad. After a slow 1974–75 (nine matches), he went on to amass a further 446 top flight matches in the next 14 years, being an instrumental figure of the club alongside namesake Jesús María Satrústegui.
Zamora's finest hour as a player undoubtedly came on the last game (and literally the last second) of the 1980–81 season, as he scored the tying goal at Sporting de Gijón, giving the Basque the needed point to clinch the league title at the expense of Real Madrid, as its players were already celebrating after a 3–1 win at Real Valladolid, only to be told about Zamora's feat over a radio broadcast. He scored three in 31 matches the following season, as Sociedad renewed its domestic supremacy.
After retiring in 1989, Zamora worked with his only club in several capacities. From 2002–04, he assisted Raynald Denoueix and aided to a runner-up position in his second year. However, after another legendary teammate, José Mari Bakero, was relieved of his general manager duties by him, in late 2006, the season ended in relegation, the first in 40 years, and Zamora too resigned.

wn.com/Jesús_María_Zamora
John Wark
John Wark (born 4 August 1957) is a Scottish former footballer who spent most of his playing time with Ipswich Town. He won a record four Player of the Year awards before becoming one of the four inaugural members of the club's Hall of Fame. Wark had long spells at the club, which bookended his career, and a third, brief interlude dividing his briefer periods at Liverpool and Middlesbrough. A versatile player, Wark played most of his professional games as a midfielder, although he sometimes played as a central defender and on occasion as a striker.
Born in Glasgow, Wark represented Scotland in international football, winning 29 caps and scoring seven goals. This included selection for Scotland in the 1982 FIFA World Cup in which he made three appearances and scored twice.
During his playing career, Wark appeared in the film Escape to Victory. Since retiring as a professional player in 1996, he has continued to work for Ipswich Town—since April 2009 in the corporate hospitality department. His autobiography, Wark On, was published in 2009.

wn.com/John_Wark
Jozef Barmoš
Jozef Barmoš (born 28 August 1954 in Šurany) is a former Slovak football coach and former player. He played in defence for Czechoslovakia, and won 52 international caps.
After winning the European Championships in 1976, Barmoš played for Czechoslovakia at both Euro 80 and Espana 82. At the latter tournament, he scored an own goal as the Czechoslovaks lost 2-0 to England in Bilbao, during the first round of the competition.
He coached the Slovak national U21 team, MŠK Žilina and Inter Bratislava.

wn.com/Jozef_Barmoš
Juan Carlos Letelier
Juan Carlos Letelier Pizarro (born May 20, 1959 in Valparaíso) is a former football striker from Chile, who was nicknamed "Pato" and/or "Lete". He played for his native country at the 1982 FIFA World Cup in Spain. He played 57 times for his country scoring 18 goals between 1979 and 1989.
During his club career Letelier played professional football in Chile, Colombia, Brazil, Mexico, Peru and Venezuela.

wn.com/Juan_Carlos_Letelier
Juan Gómez González
Juan Gómez González (10 November 1954 – 2 April 1992), aka Juanito, was a Spanish footballer who played as a forward.
A player with tremendous dribbling ability whose career was overshadowed by a fierce character, Juanito was best known for his Real Madrid years. He died in a road accident at only 37.
Growing up, Juanito supported Real Zaragoza, but as he approached his adulthood he began supporting Real Madrid. Upon his presentation in 1977, he said: "Playing for Real Madrid is like touching the sky, Real Madrid has always been my first choice as a team and Madrid has always been my favorite as a city".
He gained more than 30 caps for Spain, representing the nation in two World Cups and one European Championship.
Born in Fuengirola, Málaga, Juanito played as a youth with his local club, before joining Atlético Madrid in 1972. While still underage, he allegedly forged his papers so he could play for the colchoneros' U18 team. He scored twice on his debut, but a fractured tibia ended his career at Atlético and he never played for the senior team.

wn.com/Juan_Gómez_González
Kenny Dalglish
Kenneth Mathieson "Kenny" Dalglish (Scottish pronunciation: [dɛlɡliːʃ]) MBE (born 4 March 1951) is a Scottish former footballer and manager. In a 22-year playing career, he played for two clubs, Celtic and Liverpool, winning numerous honours with both. He is Scotland's most capped player, with 102 appearances, and joint leading goal scorer, with 30 international goals. Dalglish was voted PFA Player of the Year for the 1982–83 season, and Football Writers' Footballer of the Year in 1979 and 1983. In 2009 FourFourTwo magazine named Dalglish as the greatest striker in post-war British football, and in 2006 he topped a Liverpool fans' poll of "100 Players Who Shook the Kop". He has been inducted into both the Scottish and English football Halls of Fame.
Dalglish began his career with Celtic and between 1971 and 1977 he won four Scottish First Division titles, four Scottish Cups and one Scottish League Cup with the club. In 1977, Bob Paisley paid a British transfer record of £440,000 to bring Dalglish to Liverpool. His years at Liverpool marked one of the club's most successful periods: he won seven league titles, three European Cups and five domestic trophies. For these achievements and his style of play he was given the name King Kenny by Liverpool supporters. Dalglish became player-manager of Liverpool in 1985 and in a six-year tenure won three league titles and two FA Cups. He resigned as Liverpool manager in 1991.

wn.com/Kenny_Dalglish
Khoren Oganesian
Khoren Georgijević Oganesian(Hovhannisyan) (Armenian: Խորեն Հովհաննիսյան, born on 10 January 1955 in Yerevan, Soviet Union) is a former Armenian and Soviet football midfielder, and a member of the USSR national football team. At the club level, he mostly played for Ararat Yerevan. In November 2003, to celebrate UEFA's Jubilee, he was selected as the Golden Player of Armenia by the Football Federation of Armenia as the most outstanding player of the past 50 years.

wn.com/Khoren_Oganesian
Klaus Fischer
Klaus Fischer (born 27 December 1949) is a German former football player and coach, noted for his bicycle kicks.
Fischer was born in Kreuzstraßl, near Lindberg (Bayerischer Wald) in the district of Regen.
He moved from SC Zwiesel to TSV 1860 Munich in 1968 and made 535 Bundesliga appearances for TSV 1860 Munich, FC Schalke 04, 1. FC Köln and VfL Bochum. With Schalke 04 he won the German Cup in 1972. Schalke 04 were one of the clubs involved in a bribery scandal in season 1970–71 of the Bundesliga. As one of the players involved, Fischer initially received a ban for life, but this punishment was later reduced to a one-year ban.
In 1976 he was top scorer in the Bundesliga. With 268 goals he ranks second to Gerd Müller in the list of all-time top Bundesliga goalscorers. In 1988 Fischer's club side VfL Bochum made it to the German Cup Final, but Fischer did not feature in the final match. Klaus Fischer ended his career in 1988.
His 182 league goals for Schalke 04 remain a club record.
He made 45 appearances for the Germany national football team from 1977 to 1982 and scored 32 goals (eight headers and 24 with his feet including two bicycle kicks). He appeared in two World Cups and was a World Cup runner-up in Spain in 1982.

wn.com/Klaus_Fischer
Károly Palotai
Károly Palotai (born 11 September 1935) is a retired Hungarian football (soccer) player and referee. He was an Olympic Gold winner as a player before turning to refereeing. He was a referee at three World Cup tournaments and officiated in two European Cup finals.
He was a successful player with Győri ETO FC and also won a Gold Medal at the football tournament of the 1964 Olympic Games in Tokyo, when Hungary defeated Czechoslovakia in the final with 2-1.
But Károly Palotai is best known as one of the outstanding referees of the 1970s and 80s. Highlight of his career were the participations in the FIFA World Cups 1974, 1978 and 1982 as well as in the European Championship 1980 and the Olympic Games 1976 in Montreal. In addition he officiated the finals of the European Champions' Cup 1976 and 1981, the European Cup Winners' Cup final of 1979 and the first leg of the finals of the UEFA Cup 1974/75.

wn.com/Károly_Palotai
Ladislav Vízek
Ladislav Vízek (born 22 January 1955 in Chlumec nad Cidlinou) is a Czech football player. He played 55 matches for Czechoslovakia and scored 13 goals.
He played in the 1982 FIFA World Cup, and was sent off in Czechoslovakia's final game, a 1-1 draw with France in Valladolid.
He was a member of the gold Czechoslovakia team at the 1980 Olympic Games and the bronze team at 1980 UEFA European Championship.
At club level, he played for Dukla Prague for many years.
Vízek's daughter Pavlína is married another Czech football player Vladimír Šmicer in 1996.

wn.com/Ladislav_Vízek
Lakhdar Belloumi
Lakhdar Belloumi (Arabic: لخضر بلومي‎) (born December 29, 1958 in Mascara, Algeria) is a former Algerian football player and manager. He is widely considered as the best Algerian player of all time and one of the best players in Africa and the world. He is said to have invented the Blind Pass. He is awarded the 4th best African player of the century. He holds the record as the most capped Algerian player (with 147 national caps) and he is the second best goalscorer of the Algeria team in all time (with 34 goals) after Abdelhafid Tasfaout (35 goals).
Belloumi's goal against reigning European champions West Germany earned Algeria a stunning 2-1 victory in their World Cup debut in Spain '82.
He participated at 1980 Summer Olympics, at two editions of FIFA World Cup (1982 and 1986), at four editions of Africa Cup of Nations (1980, 1982, 1984 and 1988) and at two editions of Mediterranean Games (1979 and 1983). For Algeria national football team he got 147 caps (FIFA recognize only 100 caps) and scored 34 goals. In 1981, he was awarded African Footballer of the Year. Belloumi scored the winning goal in the 2-1 win over West Germany in 1982 world cup, and was a pivotal player in the Algerian national team throughout the 1980s. His last game for Algeria came in 1989.

wn.com/Lakhdar_Belloumi
Ludo Coeck
Ludovic (Ludo) Coeck (25 September 1955 – 9 October 1985) was a Flemish-Belgian footballer who played as left winger or central midfielder. His clubs included Berchem Sport, Anderlecht, Internazionale and Ascoli Calcio. He was capped for the Belgian national team 46 times.
Coeck was a member of the Belgian squad at España 82, where he played in all five of his country's games and scored with a long-range free-kick against El Salvador, and at Euro 84, where he appeared as a substitute in the defeats by France and Denmark.
On 7 October 1985, while he was on his way back to Brussels, after signing for Lierse, Coeck was badly injured when his BMW ploughed into crash barriers near the town of Rumst. He died two days later, at the University of Antwerp Clinic in Edegem.

wn.com/Ludo_Coeck
Luis Barrancos
Luis Barrancos Álvarez (born August 19, 1946) is a retired Bolivian football referee. He is known for having refereed one match in the 1982 FIFA World Cup in Spain.
Barrancos was a panelist at CONMEBOL's 'Futuro III' referee's conference in Buenos Aires in May 2008.

wn.com/Luis_Barrancos
Luis Paulino Siles
Luis Paulino Siles Calderón (born December 13, 1941) is a retired football (soccer) referee from Costa Rica. He is known for officiating two matches in the 1982 FIFA World Cup in Spain.

wn.com/Luis_Paulino_Siles
Luis Ramírez Zapata
Luis Baltazar Ramírez Zapata (born 6 January 1954) is a retired Salvadoran footballer.
Nicknamed El Pelé, he spent nearly 20 years playing for Salvadoran club Águila. He started with Águila, after being recommended by Brazilian technical director Arnaldo Da Silva, under the legendary Juan Francisco Barraza before leaving to join other clubs and later in his career make a return to the San Miguel based club. He also would go on to play for Atlético Marte and Alianza in his homeland El Salvador and spent time abroad playing for Cartaginés in Costa Rica and Puebla in Mexico. In 1990, he played for the Washington Diplomats of the American Professional Soccer League.
Ramírez has represented his country in 24 FIFA World Cup qualification matches and was a member of the El Salvador team at the 1982 World Cup in Spain. During the tournament, he scored their only goal in World Cup history. Unfortunately, it came in the infamous 10–1 defeat to Hungary on June 15, 1982, which remains the single biggest loss for a team in the competition's history.

wn.com/Luis_Ramírez_Zapata
László Fazekas
László Fazekas (born 15 October 1947) was an Hungarian football player who played the second most international games for the Hungarian national team. Fazekas played in the 1978 and the 1982 World Cup. In the latter tournament, he scored two long shots in the 10-1 win over El Salvador at the Estadio Manuel Martínez Valero stadium. He also competed for Hungary at the 1972 Summer Olympics.
Fazekas started to play football in the youth team of Újpesti Dózsa in 1958, and played his first game in the Hungarian League in 1965. He joined Belgian Royal Antwerp in 1980 at the age of 33, where he also became a favourite with the fans.
After his football career he became a notable coach in Belgium leading Eendracht Aalst (1986–88 and 1990–91) and Royal Antwerp (1995–96).
László Fazekas also took part in the 2004 International King of Sports and still holds the World Record of 2.40m in Association Bobbage.^{[citation needed]}
Újpest FC

wn.com/László_Fazekas
Lázár Szentes
Lázár Szentes (born 22 December 1955) is a former Hungarian football player of the 1970s and 1980s. He appeared at the 1982 FIFA World Cup with the Hungarian national team. Between 1982 and 1983 he played 6 games and scored 3 goals for Hungary.
Szentes currently works as general manager of Diósgyőri VTK.

wn.com/Lázár_Szentes
Mal Donaghy
Malachy Martin "Mal" Donaghy (born 13 September 1957 in Belfast) is a former Northern Ireland international footballer who played for Luton Town.
The current Northern Ireland Under-19 coach, originally from West Belfast, began his football career as a goalkeeper with little-known Down and Connor League side team St. Agnes', before moving on to play as an outfield player for works team Post Office Social Club.
After barely six months, he was on the move again, this time joining Amateur League side Cromac Albion, where his blossoming talent was spotted by then Larne boss Brian Halliday.
Donaghy's rapid rise in the game continued when, after just 20 matches with the Inver Park club, he was transferred to Luton Town in June 1978 for a fee of £20 000.
He spent 10 years at Luton Town, overseeing the most successful era of their history to date. He collected a Second Division title winner's medal in 1982, enabling him to experience First Division football for the first time yet. He helped Luton retain their First Division status, and was a key part of the team that finished a club record high of seventh in the 1986–87 season. In 1987–88, he helped Luton win their first major trophy as they achieved a shock 3–2 win over Arsenal in the 1988 Football League Cup Final.

wn.com/Mal_Donaghy
Manfred Kaltz
Manfred Kaltz (born 6 January 1953) is a former German football player and manager.
Kaltz played in the Bundesliga for Hamburger SV and 13 times (one goal) for FC Mulhouse in Ligue 1 after initially joining Mulhouse league rivals Girondins de Bordeaux 1989. He returned to Hamburg the season after, the consequence of the relegation of FC Mulhouse from Ligue 1 at the end of 1989–90. Previously, Kaltz was forced to leave Hamburg, the club for which he had been a professional since the 1971–72 season, after the authorities (e.g. Erich Ribbeck) had decided not to go on with the contract of the long-serving full-back. Their successors lured him back from France in September 1990 to give him the chance to serve his final year as a player at his old club.
In total he played in 581 Bundesliga games for Hamburger SV, to this day remaining the second greatest total of an individual in Bundesliga history. An expert in penalties, the Hamburg fan-favourite scored 53 of his 76 goals from the spot, a record in the Bundesliga.

wn.com/Manfred_Kaltz
Manuel Amoros
Manuel Amoros (born February 1, 1962 in Nimes) is a retired football defender from France with Valencian ancestry. He was capped 82 times (one goal) for the France national football team, and played in the Euro Cup finals of 1984 and 1992, and the World Cup finals in 1982 and 1986.
Amoros played most of his career for AS Monaco in the French first division. He missed his penalty in the 1991 European Cup Final for Marseille and subsequently Red Star Belgrade won the match 5–3 on penalties.
It was his stints with the tricolor during the 1982 and 1986 FIFA World Cups in which he stood out. In the 1982 World Cup semifinal against West Germany, Amoros' crossbar-hitting 30-yard shot in the 89th minute sent chills to the spines of many a West German fan.^{[citation needed]} In the penalty shoot-out he converted his kick before France bowed out.
In the 1984 European Championships held in France, Amoros showed an egregious side of him. During the inaugural game against Denmark, the French back was harshly tackled by Danish midfielder Jesper Olsen. As the referee went searching for the yellow card to book the offender, Amoros quickly jumped on his feet and head-butted his tackler on the forehead in front of a stunned ref who also yanked a red card out of his pocket to send Amoros off. He was banned for three games. However, in the final against Spain, national coach Michel Hidalgo took him on as a sub in a game that Les Bleus won by 2–0 at Le Parc des Princes.

wn.com/Manuel_Amoros
Marco Tardelli
Marco Tardelli (Italian pronunciation: [ˈmarko tarˈdɛlli]; born 24 September 1954) is a former football player from Italy, and is the current assistant manager for the Republic of Ireland. He played defensive midfielder with Juventus and the Italian national team. He was part of the Italian side to win the 1982 World Cup and was five time Italian Serie A champion. He was well known for his battling qualities, primarily his stamina and mental toughness as well as his ruthless tackling. He was also known for his ability to score vital goals.
Tardelli was born at Capanne di Careggine, in the province of Lucca (Tuscany). He started his career in the Italian Serie C with the club of Pisa. Two years later he played in the Serie B with Como before joining Serie A giants Juventus in October 1975.
During his decade-long stint at the Turin club, he won all the three major European competitions: the UEFA Cup, Cup Winners' Cup and European Cup as well as five times the Italian Serie A championship and three Coppa Italia (Italian Cup).

wn.com/Marco_Tardelli
Marius Trésor
Marius Trésor (born January 15, 1950 in Sainte-Anne, Guadeloupe) is a retired football defender from France, who was named by Pelé as one of the top 125 greatest living footballers.
Trésor's career began with the French club Ajaccio. He also played for Olympique de Marseille and Girondins de Bordeaux. With Marseille, he won the French Cup in 1976. He also won the Ligue 1 title in 1984 with Girondins de Bordeaux. For the French national team, Trésor played in the World Cup in 1978 and 1982. He obtained 65 international caps, scoring four goals.

wn.com/Marius_Trésor
Maxime Bossis
Maxime Bossis (born June 26, 1955 in Saint-André-Treize-Voies, Vendée) is a retired football defender from France, who obtained 76 caps (one goal) for the French national team.
A longtime starter for FC Nantes during the club's most successful period during the 1970's and 1980's, Bossis was noted chiefly as a left fullback but filled various roles in defense. Bossis spent much of his time at right back during Nantes' championship-winning seasons in 1977 and 1980, in which Thierry Tusseau normally started on the left, but made the left back position his own beginning in 1981. Bossis helped Nantes to finish first or second in every season between 1976 and 1981. The club added a third title in 1983, finishing ten points ahead of second-place Girondins Bordeaux. In 1985, Bossis moved to the ambitious Matra Racing, but the Parisian club achieved only modest success in spite of heavy spending that acquired such players as Enzo Francescoli and Pierre Littbarski. Bossis returned to Nantes for one final season in 1990, lining up next to future French international Marcel Desailly before retiring from play.

wn.com/Maxime_Bossis
Michel Platini
Michel François Platini (born 21 June 1955) is a former French football player and manager, and the president of the Union of European Football Associations (UEFA) since 2007.
During his professional footballing career, Platini played for the clubs Nancy, Saint-Étienne, and Juventus, and was a member of the French national team that won the 1984 European Championship, a tournament in which he was the top goalscorer and voted the best player. He also participated in the 1978, 1982 and 1986 World Cups, reaching the semi-finals in the latter two. Platini, Alain Giresse, Luis Fernández and Jean Tigana together made up the "carré magique" (French for "magic square"), the group of midfield players that formed the heart of the French national team throughout the 1980s.
Considered one of the best passers in football history as well as one the best free kick specialists and finishers, he holds the record for most goals (9) scored in European Championship final tournaments despite only appearing in the 1984 edition. Despite being a midfielder, he held the national team top scorer record until striker Thierry Henry surpassed the 41 goals mark in 2007.

wn.com/Michel_Platini
Michel Vautrot
Michel Vautrot (born October 23, 1945 in Saint-Vit, Doubs) is a retired football (soccer) referee from France. He is mostly known for supervising 5 matches in the FIFA World Cup: two in 1982 and three in 1990. He also refereed three European Championships in 1984 in 1988, including the final game between the USSR and the Netherlands. In addition, he refereed in the European Cup 1985–86, including the final game between the FC Steaua Bucharest and FC Barcelona.
In 2011, Roma director Riccardo Viola admitted that Vautrot was paid 100 million Lire (£50 000) prior to the European Cup semi-final 2nd leg between Roma and Dundee United in 1984. Roma trailed Dundee United 2-0 from the 1st leg at Tannadice Park, and sought to bribe Vautrot to ensure their passage to the final which was to be held at their own stadium. Roma went on to win the 2nd leg 3-0, aided by a very dubious penalty decision. After the game the Scottish Football association representative at UEFA Ernie Walker demanded a probe. Roma were later to lose the final on penalties to Liverpool.

wn.com/Michel_Vautrot
Miguel Ángel Neira
Miguel Ángel Neira Pincheira (born October 10, 1952) is a retired football midfielder from Chile, who represented his native country at the 1982 FIFA World Cup, wearing the number twenty jersey.
He played club football for O'Higgins, Unión Española and Club Deportivo Universidad Católica in Chile. For his native country he was capped 45 times, scoring 4 goals between 1976 and 1985, and making his debut on October 6, 1976 in a friendly match against Uruguay.

wn.com/Miguel_Ángel_Neira
Nicolae Rainea
Nicolae Rainea (born 19 November 1933) is a retired Romanian football referee, mostly known for have refereed five matches in the FIFA World Cup: one in 1974, two in 1978 and two in 1982. He also refereed two matches in the 1980 UEFA European Football Championship in Italy(including the final) and supervised the European Cup final in 1983.

wn.com/Nicolae_Rainea
Norman Whiteside
Norman Whiteside (born 7 May 1965) is a former Northern Ireland international footballer who played in two World Cups. He played both as a midfielder and as a striker.
He began his career at Manchester United, signing professional forms in 1982. He scored 68 goals in 278 league and cup appearances for the club, picking up two FA Cup winners medals in 1983 and 1985, as well as playing in the 1982 FA Youth Cup final, the 1983 League Cup final, and the FA Charity Shield in 1983 and 1985. He joined Everton for a £600,000 fee in July 1989, before his career was ended by a knee injury at the age of 26. He holds records as the youngest player to take part in a World Cup, the youngest player to score in a League Cup and FA Cup final, and the youngest player to score a senior goal for Manchester United. Winning 38 caps for Northern Ireland, he played at the 1982 and 1986 World Cups, and also helped his country to win the last ever British Home Championship in 1984. After retiring as a player he became a podiatrist, and still works at the corporate hospitality department at Old Trafford.

wn.com/Norman_Whiteside
Osvaldo Ardiles
Osvaldo César Ardiles (born 3 August 1952 in Bell Ville, Córdoba Province), often referred to in Britain as Ossie Ardiles, is a football coach, pundit and former midfielder who won the 1978 World Cup as part of the Argentine national team. He now runs his own soccer school in the UK called the Ossie Ardiles Soccer School.
A competitive and skilled midfielder, Ardiles became a cult hero in England, along with Glenn Hoddle and compatriot Ricardo Villa, as a player for Tottenham Hotspur. He left England for a period on loan as a result of the outbreak of the Falklands War in 1982, thus missing most of the 1982–83 English season.
As manager of Tottenham in the mid-1990s, he played several matches utilizing a formation that had five forwards, a formation that hadn't been used in English football since the 1950s.
In Ireland he has been a pundit for RTÉ Sport.
In January 2012, newly promoted J. League Division 2 side Machida Zelvia appointed Ardiles as their manager.
As a youngster, Ardiles played football in the streets and was given the nickname Pitón (python) by his brother because of his snake-like dribbling skills. He began his professional career in Argentina with Instituto de Córdoba, alongside with Mario Alberto Kempes. He also played for Club Atlético Belgrano and Huracán. After the 1978 World Cup he moved to England to play for Tottenham where he spent ten seasons.

wn.com/Osvaldo_Ardiles
Paolo Casarin
Paolo Casarin (born May 12, 1940 in Mestre). Is a retired football referee from Italy. He is mostly known for supervising two matches in the 1982 FIFA World Cup in Spain

wn.com/Paolo_Casarin
Paolo Rossi
Paolo Rossi (born 23 September 1956 in Prato) is an Italian former football striker. In 1982, he led Italy to the 1982 FIFA World Cup title, scoring six goals to win the Golden Boot/top scorer honors, and the Golden Ball. After his performance at the 1982 FIFA World Cup he became a hero in the hearts of all Italians. Rossi is one of only two players to have won all three honours at a single tournament (the other is the Argentinian Mario Kempes, in 1978). Javier Saviola, Lionel Messi, Sergio Agüero and Dominic Adiyiah accomplished this in junior teams, in the 2001, 2005, 2007 and 2009 FIFA U-20 World Cups respectively. He is listed among Pelé's 125 all-time greatest footballers.
Since retiring, Rossi has gone into sports journalism and punditry. He currently works as a pundit for Juventus Channel.
Rossi was born at Santa Lucia, in the province of Prato (Tuscany).
He made his debut in professional Italian football with Como, to which Juventus had sent him to gain experience after three operations on his knees, as a right wing, where his small build would not be a hindrance.

wn.com/Paolo_Rossi
Patrick Battiston
Patrick Battiston (born March 12, 1957 in Amnéville, Moselle) is a former French football player, who played for the France national team in three World Cups and won the 1984 European Football Championship.
Battiston began his career at lower league club Talange (1966–1973), before he was spotted and purchased by FC Metz (1973–1980). After seven years at that club, he moved to Saint-Etienne (1980–1983) for three years, where they won the 1981 Division 1 title, before moving to Bordeaux (1983–1987), where they won the 1984, 1985 and 1987 league titles and two Coupe de Frances. Battiston then moved on to Monaco (1987–1989), where they won the 1988 league title, before he returned to Bordeaux (1989–1991).
Battiston earned 56 caps for his national side, scoring three goals. He represented France in the 1978, 1982 and 1986 World Cups, and helped France to their victory in the 1984 European Football Championship.
Battiston is particularly remembered for the 1982 FIFA World Cup semi final in Seville, when France faced West Germany. He came off the bench in the second half, and after ten minutes of play, following a through ball by Platini, Battiston was clear through the German defence racing towards goal. The German goalkeeper, Harald Schumacher, raced towards Battiston as the Frenchman took the shot, missing the goal. Schumacher leapt into the air, twisting his body and colliding with Battiston. In the process Schumacher's hip hit the Frenchman's face. Battiston, clattered, fell to the ground unconscious, with damaged vertebrae and teeth knocked out, later slipping into a coma. Emergency medics had to administer oxygen on the pitch.Michel Platini later said that he thought that Battiston was dead, because "he had no pulse and looked pale".

wn.com/Patrick_Battiston
Paul Breitner
Paul Breitner (born 5 September 1951 in Kolbermoor, Bavaria) is a former German football player. One of Germany's most controversial players, he was capped 48 times for his country.
His football career lasted from 1970 until 1983, mainly playing for Bayern Munich (1970–74 and 1978–83) and Real Madrid (1974–78), with one season playing for Eintracht Braunschweig. His early success was as a free roaming left back, as likely to score from the right midfield as to stop an attacker in his own penalty area. Later in his career he moved to midfield and became one of the top midfielders through the early 1980s.
The early peak of Breitner's long and successful career was at age 21 in 1972 as part of the winning German European Championship team. This was followed two years later with victory as a member of the German World Cup squad. The final was played in Munich against the Netherlands, and Breitner scored the first German goal on a penalty kick. In the final, he, Franz Beckenbauer and Berti Vogts formed a slick unit at the back and their water-tight defense prevented the Dutch from winning the World Cup. He moved to Real Madrid following the World Cup and quit the West German squad, remaining off the side until enticed to return by Jupp Derwall in 1981. Breitner is one of only four footballers to have achieved the feat of scoring in two different World Cup final matches, sharing that honour with Pelé, Vavá, and Zinédine Zidane. He achieved this in 1974 against the Netherlands and in 1982 against Italy.

wn.com/Paul_Breitner
Paul Mariner
Paul Mariner (born 22 May 1953) is an English football coach and retired player who is currently with Major League Soccer club Toronto FC, where he is director of player development.
A centre forward during his playing days, Mariner began his career with Chorley. He became a professional player in 1973 with Plymouth Argyle, where he scored 61 goals in 155 appearances and is considered to be one of the club's best players. He joined Ipswich Town in 1976, where he achieved domestic and European success under the guidance of Bobby Robson. He was called up to play for the England national team during his time at Portman Road, and went on to represent his country at the 1980 European Championships and the 1982 World Cup. He spent two years with Arsenal and then Portsmouth before finishing his career abroad. He played for clubs in Australia, the United States, and Malta.
He took up coaching during his time with the Albany Capitals and focused on it fully when he retired from playing. After spending time working in Japan, he returned to America to coach, firstly in Arizona and then at Harvard University. He joined Major League Soccer club New England Revolution in 2004 as a member of Steve Nicol's coaching staff. After five years in Massachusetts, Mariner returned to Plymouth Argyle in 2009 as their head coach. He succeeded Paul Sturrock as the club's manager two months later before returning to his role as head coach upon the arrival of Peter Reid. In January 2011, he returned to Major League Soccer as director of player development at Toronto FC.

wn.com/Paul_Mariner
Paulo Roberto Falcão
Paulo Roberto Falcão (Portuguese pronunciation: [ˈpawlu ʁoˈbɛʁtu fawˈkɐ̃w̃]; born October 16, 1953) is a Brazilian head coach and former footballer, currently managing Bahia. He is widely considered one of the best players in Internacional and Roma history, and one of the most talented midfielders of all time, especially at his peak in the mid 1980s. At one stage, he was the world's highest paid footballer, earning £10,000 a week.
For the Brazil national team, he was capped 34 times between February 1976 and June 1986. He was named by Pelé as one of the top 125 greatest living footballers to mark FIFA’s centennial in March 2004.
Falcão began his professional career at Sport Club Internacional of Porto Alegre, in Rio Grande do Sul, where he played from 1973 to 1980, winning three Brazilian National Championships(1975, 1976, 1979) and reaching the finals of the 1980 Copa Libertadores, losing to Nacional. During his time at Sport Club Internacional, he was surprisingly left out of the Brazil squad for the World Cup in Argentina in 1978, though he made the shortlisted pre-tournament 40.

wn.com/Paulo_Roberto_Falcão
Pierre Littbarski
Pierre Michael Littbarski (born 16 April 1960 in Berlin) is a German football manager and former player. He was mainly a winger or attacking midfielder and is best known for his brilliant dribbling abilities. He was a FIFA World Cup winner with West Germany in 1990. He was also runner–up twice in 1982 and 1986 with West Germany. He was caretaker manager of VfL Wolfsburg after taking over from Steve McClaren from 7 February 2011 to 17 March 2011.
Littbarski spent most of his playing career at 1. FC Köln, winning the DFB-Pokal once, in 1983, and was three times runner up in the Bundesliga (1982, 1989 and 1990). He has also played for Racing Club de Paris in Ligue 1 as well as for JEF United and Brummel Sendai in Japan. In his career, he was initially used as a deep-lying striker before being utilised as an attacking midfielder. "Litti", as he was nicknamed by German fans, was widely known for his excellent dribbling abilities and humorous attitude, being one of the fan favourites in German Bundesliga during this decade. In 1985 his goal versus Werder Bremen was elected "Goal of the Year".

wn.com/Pierre_Littbarski
Rabah Madjer
Mustapha Rabah Madjer (Arabic: رابح ماجر‎; born 15 December 1958 in Hussein Dey, Algiers) is a retired Algerian footballer.
A skilled striker, he reached stardom as an F.C. Porto player during the 1980s, and is widely regarded as one of the best Algerian football players of all time. He is widely remembered for scoring on 77 minutes, an audacious back-heeled equaliser in FC Porto's first European Cup final, against Bayern Munich in Vienna. He went on to create the late winner, four minutes after his equaliser, setting up substitute Filho Juary. The scoreline ended 2-1 in FC Porto's favour, winning their very first European Cup.
One of the most prolific Algerian internationals in number of games and goals, Madjer played in two World Cups with his national team, helping it to its first ever participation in 1982. Having taken up coaching immediately after retiring, he managed several clubs, and also had several spells with the Algerian team.
Born in Hussein Dey, Algiers, Madjer started his European career in 1983–84, moving to RCF Paris from NA Hussein Dey. He stayed there during one 1/2 seasons, finishing the 1984–85 campaign with another French side, Tours FC.

wn.com/Rabah_Madjer
Ramaz Shengelia
Ramaz Aleksandrovich Shengelia (Georgian: რამაზ შენგელია) (born 1 January 1957 at Kutaisi) is a former Georgian footballer. He won 26 caps and scored 10 goals for the USSR national football team, and played in the 1982 FIFA World Cup.

wn.com/Ramaz_Shengelia
Ramón Díaz
Ramón Ángel Díaz (born 29 August 1959 in La Rioja), is a former Argentine football player. For most of his career, he played for, and later coached, Club Atlético River Plate. He is also known by the nickname of El Pelado ("Baldy").
Díaz won the World Youth Cup in 1979 with the Argentina Under-20 team alongside Diego Maradona. He also played in the 1982 FIFA World Cup and scored against Brazil in Argentina's 3-1 defeat. It had been rumoured that he and Maradona were involved in a feud which prevented Diaz from playing for Argentina in the 1986 and 1990 World Cups. However, this was denied by Maradona in his autobiography "El Diego", claiming that he had told the then-Argentina manager, Carlos Bilardo, that he wanted Diaz in both the 1986 and 1990 World Cup squads.
Diaz played in River Plate's youth system under Norberto "El Pacha" Yacono, who recommended Diaz to his "Maquina" Teammate Angel Labruna who was coaching the senior side.
Díaz played as a forward. His opening game in the Argentine First Division was on 1978-08-13, a game where River Plate beat Colón de Santa Fe by 1–0. He scored his first goal on 30 August of that year, playing against Quilmes Atlético Club. His last game was on 1993-03-13.

wn.com/Ramón_Díaz
Reinhold Hintermaier
Reinhold Hintermaier (born 14 February 1956 in Altheim) is a former Austrian footballer.
Hintermaier started his professional career with SK VÖEST Linz and won the Austrian Football Bundesliga title in his first season. After six years he moved to Germany to play for 1. FC Nuremberg with whom he lost the German Cup Final in 1982, Eintracht Braunschweig and 1. FC Saarbrücken.
He retired in 1988 but curiously made a comeback four years later with Nuremberg where he had been youth team coach. After his second retirement, he became youth coach again at Nuremberg and Greuther Fürth.
He earned 15 caps for the Austria national football team between 1978 and 1982 and played in the 1982 FIFA World Cup, where he scored a goal in the second round match against Northern Ireland.

wn.com/Reinhold_Hintermaier
Roberto López Ufarte
Roberto López Ufarte (born 19 April 1958 in Fes, Morocco) is a Spanish retired footballer who played as a forward.
Nicknamed The little devil, most of his career was spent at Real Sociedad (12 years, nearly 500 official games). His parents (from Catalonia and Andalusia) moved abroad in search of work, and returned to Irun (Basque Country) when their son was eight.
Ufarte represented Spain at the 1982 World Cup.
A product of Real Sociedad's youth ranks, after making his early footballing efforts at Basque neighbours Real Unión, López Ufarte made his La Liga debuts in 1975–76, playing his first game in the competition on 30 November 1975 in a 0–2 derby away loss against Athletic Bilbao, aged only 17. From then on, he became an essential first-team member, scoring 16 goals in 63 matches in the side's back-to-back league titles combined.
Ufarte left the Txuriurdin in 1987, after another solid season: 33 games and ten goals in the league, and the conquest of the Copa del Rey. He netted 129 goals in 474 official games during his spell.

wn.com/Roberto_López_Ufarte
Ron Greenwood
Ronald 'Ron' Greenwood CBE (11 November 1921 — 9 February 2006) was an English football player and manager, best known for being manager of the English national football team from 1977 until 1982, as well as being manager of West Ham United for 13 years, a time during which the club gained much of its fame. That of England manager was his final role in football.
Ron Greenwood was born in the village of Worsthorne, near Burnley, Lancashire, but moved to London as a child during the 1930s Depression. He was educated at the Alperton Community School in Middlesex, leaving at the age of 14 to be an apprentice sign-writer.
Greenwood played as a centre-half, joining Chelsea as an amateur whilst training as an apprentice sign-writer. During World War II he served in the Royal Air Force in Northern Ireland and guested for Belfast Celtic. In 1945, he left Chelsea for Bradford Park Avenue, and made 59 appearances over the next four seasons.
In 1949, Greenwood moved to the club he supported as a boy, Brentford, with whom he made 142 league appearances and scored one goal. After three years at Brentford, he returned to Chelsea, where he played 65 times and won a First Division winners' medal in 1954-55 under Ted Drake. That summer, he moved to Fulham, where he made another 42 league appearances before retiring at the end of the 1955-1956 season. He was never capped for his country, though he did make a single 'B' team appearance.

wn.com/Ron_Greenwood
Rubén Toribio Díaz
Rubén Toribio Díaz Rivas (born 17 April 1952 in Lima) is a retired professional footballer from Peru. He competed for the Peru national football team at the 1978 and 1982 FIFA World Cup. He was part of the Peru team that won the Copa América in 1975. He made a total of 89 appearances for Peru, making him the 5th most capped player for the Peru team (as of April 2008).
Díaz played for Deportivo Municipal, Universitario de Deportes and Sporting Cristal in Peru. During his time with Sporting Cristal he was part of three league championship winning campaigns (1979, 1989 & 1983).

wn.com/Rubén_Toribio_Díaz
Rómulo Méndez
Rómulo Méndez Molina (born December 21, 1938) is a retired Guatemalan football referee. He was the first Guatemalan referee ever to participate in a World Cup finals, refereeing one match in the 1982 World Cup. He also appeared in one match of the 1986 World Cup.

wn.com/Rómulo_Méndez
Salah Assad
Salah Assad (Arabic: صالح عصاد‎; born June 10, 1958 in Larbaâ Nath Irathen) is a former Algerian football striker and manager.
He played for RC Kouba, where he won an Algerian tournament in 1981 and one African Cup Winner's Cup, and in France for FC Mulhouse and Paris Saint-Germain FC. For Algeria national football team, he participated at the 1980, 1982, and 1986 African Cup of Nations, 1980 Summer Olympics, and at two edition of FIFA World Cup in 1982 and 1986, scored two goals. Also footage shows that he was the first player to master the Flip flap, later made famous by Ronaldinho of Brazil.
Assad currently holds the record of most scored goals at the World Cup for Algeria, which were both scored in the 1982 World Cup.

wn.com/Salah_Assad
Sandro Pertini
Alessandro (Sandro) Pertini (Italian pronunciation: [aleˈsːandro (ˈsandro) perˈtiːni]; 25 September 1896 – 24 February 1990) was an Italian socialist, who was the seventh President of the Italian Republic from 1978 to 1985.
Born in Stella (Province of Savona) as the son of a well to do landowner, Alberto, he studied at a Salesian college in Varazze, and completed his schooling at the "Chiabrera" lyceum (high school) in Savona.
His philosophy teacher was Adelchi Baratono, a reformist socialist who contributed to his approach to Socialism and probably introduced him to the inner circles of the Ligurian labour movements. Pertini obtained a Law degree from the University of Genoa.
Sandro Pertini was against Italy's participation in World War I, but served as a lieutenant and was awarded several medals as for bravery. In 1918 he joined the United Socialist Party, PSU, then he settled in Florence where he also graduated in political science with a thesis entitled La Cooperazione ("Cooperation"; 1924). While in the city, Pertini also came into contact with people such as Gaetano Salvemini, the brothers Carlo and Nello Rosselli, and Ernesto Rossi. Pertini was physically beaten by Fascist squads on several occasions, but never lost faith in his ideals.

wn.com/Sandro_Pertini
Serginho Chulapa
Sérgio Bernardino, also known as Serginho or Serginho Chulapa (born December 23, 1953) was an association footballer who played striker.
Born in São Paulo, Serginho began his professional football career in 1974, playing for Marília, São Paulo Futebol Clube, Santos, Corinthians, Marítimo (Portugal), Atlético Sorocaba, Portuguesa Santista, Malatyaspor (1988–1989) and São Caetano. For the Brazilian team he was capped twenty times between May 1979 and July 1982, and participated at 1982 FIFA World Cup, where he played in all five matches and scored two goals.
Serginho further represented Brazil in the 1990 edition of the World Cup of Masters, scoring in the final against Holland.
After retiring he became a football coach and journalist. He managed Santos FC in 2001. Nowadays he has a job on Santos FC as second coach helping the coach of the team

wn.com/Serginho_Chulapa
Stefan Majewski
Stefan Majewski (born 31 January 1956 in Bydgoszcz) is a retired Polish footballer and subsequently a football manager who recently was the interim manager of the Polish national team.
Majewski played for clubs such as Gwiazda Bydgoszcz, Zawisza Bydgoszcz, Legia Warsaw, 1. FC Kaiserslautern (West Germany), Arminia Bielefeld (West Germany) or Apollon Limassol (Cyprus).
Most notably, he also played for the Polish national team, for which he played 40 matches and scored four goals. Majewski was a participant at the 1982 FIFA World Cup, where Poland won the third place, and at the 1986 FIFA World Cup.
Majewski later pursued a coaching career, he coached the team of Widzew Łódź in 2004–06. Between 2 October 2006 and 27 October 2008, he was the coach of Cracovia. On 18 September 2009, Majewski became the interim caretaker coach/manager for the Polish national football team following the dismissal of his predecessor Leo Beenhakker. Poland lost 2–0 to the Czech Republic in a 2010 World Cup qualifier match during his debutant match as the head coach. On 29 October 2009, Franciszek Smuda was named as the full-time coach of the team, meaning that Majewski's stint as caretaker manager is effectively over.

wn.com/Stefan_Majewski
Steve Archibald
Steven Archibald (born 27 September 1956 in Glasgow) is a former Scottish football player and manager.
He first came to prominence playing in midfield for Scottish First Division side Clyde, but was converted to striker when he signed for Aberdeen, forging a prolific partnership with Joe Harper. After winning the Scottish Premier Division title in 1980, he had a four year spell with London club Tottenham Hotspur, where he won FA Cup winners medals in 1981 and 1982 and the UEFA Cup in 1984, where he scored his penalty in the final as Spurs overcame Anderlecht in a shootout. He also scored for Spurs in their defeat by Liverpool in the 1982 Football League Cup Final.
Archibald scored 77 goals in 189 appearances for Spurs between 1980 and 1984, forming successful striking partnerships with Garth Crooks and Mark Falco.
In 1984 he joined Barcelona, where he was a popular figure until restrictions on fielding foreign players led to him being excluded from the squad in favour of Gary Lineker and Mark Hughes. He was loaned out to Blackburn Rovers for a spell prior to a surprise return to Scottish football with Hibernian. After a brief return to La Liga with RCD Espanyol, he joined St Mirren and was instrumental in bringing former Barça team-mate Víctor Muñoz to the club.

wn.com/Steve_Archibald
Steve Sumner
Steven Paul Sumner (born April 2, 1955) is an English-born, New Zealand football player, who was captain of the national team during the country's first successful campaign to qualify for the World Cup, in 1982.
Sumner began his football as an apprentice at Blackpool before moving to New Zealand in 1973 to play for Christchurch United, winning the National League in his first year. Sumner went on to win 6 Chatham Cups and 5 league titles. He is the only player to have won six Chatham Cup winners medals.
His international career spanned from 1976 to 1988, including a record 105 appearances for New Zealand (beating the record previously held by Brian Turner), 58 of which were A-internationals.
An active and attacking midfielder, Sumner scored a national record six goals during New Zealand's 13-0 defeat of Fiji during the 1982 World Cup qualifying campaign. He was also one of New Zealand's only two scorers in the 1982 World Cup Finals tournament in Spain (along with Steve Wooddin), in New Zealand's 5-2 loss to Scotland. He was the first player of the FIFA Oceania zone to score in a World Cup.

wn.com/Steve_Sumner
Steve Wooddin
Steven "Steve" Wooddin (born 16 January 1955 in England) is a former New Zealand association football player who was a leading Striker during the country's successful campaign to qualify for the 1982 FIFA World Cup in Spain. He was a left-footed attacking player.
Born in Birkenhead England, Wooddin started his club career at Tranmere Rovers in Birkenhead, where he made first team appearances before moving to New Zealand in 1977, joining Dunedin City. In 1981 he moved to Australia, playing three years for South Melbourne FC in the NSL, before returning to his adopted country with Christchurch United until his career was cut short by a recurring ankle injury in 1984. A Belgian First Division team had wanted to sign Wooddin after his capable performances at the 1982 World cup Finals in Spain, but already hampered by injury, he failed the medical.
Wooddin was first selected for the New Zealand national football team the All Whites for a 16 May 1980, 1-1 draw against a Southern Region team in Christchurch. He retained his place in the team which lost 2-1 to a Central Region selection two days later in Wellington.

wn.com/Steve_Wooddin
Sócrates
Sócrates Brasileiro Sampaio de Souza Vieira de Oliveira, MD (19 February 1954 – 4 December 2011), simply Sócrates, was a Brazilian footballer who played as an attacking midfielder. He was also a qualified doctor.
He played for Botafogo-SP before joining Corinthians in 1978. He then moved to Italy to play for Fiorentina, returning to Brazil in 1985 to end his career.
Sócrates was a technical playmaker, known for great through passes and his vision on the field, as well as his physical strength. He was also a two-footed player and a prolific goal scorer. His ability to read the game was highly valued, and his signature move was the blind heel pass. He was considered to be one of the greatest midfielders ever to play the game. Easily recognizable for his beard and headband, he became the "symbol of cool for a whole generation of football supporters".
Sócrates played for Brazil during seven years, scoring more than 20 goals and representing the nation in two World Cups, captaining the team in the 1982 edition; he also appeared in the 1979 and 1983 Copa América tournaments, and was named South American Footballer of the Year in 1983, being selected to Pelé's FIFA 100 list in 2004.

wn.com/Sócrates
Tedj Bensaoula
Tedj Bensaoula (Arabic: تاج بن سحاولة‎) (born 1 December 1954 in Hammam Bouhadjar) is an Algerian football manager and former player. He currently manages CR Témouchent in the Algerian Ligue Professionnelle 2.
Bensaoula played with MC Oran in Algeria and with Le Havre AC and USL Dunkerque in France.
Bensaoula participated with the Algeria national football team at two editions of the FIFA World Cup, in 1982 (one goal scored) and 1986. He also participated in the 1980 Summer Olympics.

wn.com/Tedj_Bensaoula
Thomson Chan
Thomson Chan Tam-Sun (Chinese: 陳譚新, born 8 May 1941) is a retired football referee from Hong Kong. He is best-known for being a referee at the World Cup in 1982. He was the referee for one match and served as a linesman for 3 other matches. Now, he sometimes works as a guest commentator in Hong Kong.

wn.com/Thomson_Chan
Tibor Nyilasi
Tibor Nyilasi (born 18 January 1955 in Várpalota, Hungary) is a retired Hungarian football player and manager. He signed with Ferencvaros in 1972 and played there until transferring to Austria Vienna in 1983. For the Hungarian National Football Team he made 70 appearances from 1975 to 1985, scoring 32 goals. He played in the 1978 FIFA World Cup (where he was famously sent off against Argentina) and the 1982 FIFA World Cup. After he retired as a player he was manager of Ferencvaros.
Ferencvárosi TC
Austria Wien
Ferencvárosi TC

wn.com/Tibor_Nyilasi
Tony Boskovic
Anton "Tony" Boskovic (born 27 January 1933) is a retired soccer referee from Australia. He is known for having refereed two matches in the FIFA World Cup, one in 1974 and one in 1982.

wn.com/Tony_Boskovic
Trevor Francis
Trevor John Francis (born 19 April 1954 in Plymouth, England), is a former footballer who won the European Cup with Nottingham Forest and played for England 52 times. He was England's first £1 million player. Former England manager Fabio Capello considered Francis the best English player ever to have played in Serie A.^{[citation needed]}
Between 1988 and 2003 he was a football manager, most notably with Sheffield Wednesday and then Birmingham City. Francis is currently working as a pundit with Al Jazeera Sports and Sky Sports.

Francis was educated at Plymouth's Public Secondary School for Boys. He was an agile and skilful forward and joined Birmingham City as a schoolboy. He quickly rose in status, making his debut for its first team in 1970, aged just 16. His talent was noted when, before his 17th birthday, he scored four goals in one game. He ended his first season with 15 goals from just 22 games.
In the 1970s, Birmingham City reached the occasional domestic semi-final but failed to make a great impact in the First Division championship, so the ability and achievements of Francis were made more noticeable as a result.

wn.com/Trevor_Francis
Uli Stielike
Ulrich "Uli" Stielike (born 15 November 1954 in Ketsch, West Germany) is a German football manager and former player.
Stielike was a West Germany youth international for hometown club SpVgg Ketsch when he got signed by UEFA Cup runner-up Borussia Mönchengladbach in 1973, first coming to action as a full back for the then two times German Bundesliga champion. Playing in defending midfield for his club, afterwards, he was part of the Mönchengladbach team that won the Bundesliga titles in 1975, 1976 and 1977, the UEFA Cup in 1975 and gained a runner-up medal in the European Cup in 1977 following a 1–3 against Liverpool F.C. in Rome.
Ahead of the 1977–78 season, Stielike moved on to join Real Madrid to become a reliable fan-favourite in his eight years with Los merengues. His first three seasons at Santiago Bernabéu all ended in Real winning La Liga. In 1980 and 1982, he was part of the side winning Copa del Rey, in 1985 he added the Copa de la Liga, and finished off his Madrid years with the UEFA Cup triumph of the same summer.

wn.com/Uli_Stielike
Uwe Reinders
Uwe Reinders (born 19 January 1955 in Essen) is a former German football player and manager.
He played 206 times and scored 67 goals for Werder Bremen in the Bundesliga between 1977–1985. Abroad he played for FC Girondins de Bordeaux (1985–1986) and Stade Rennais FC (1986–1987). He appeared four times for Germany, his most prominent participation was the one in the 1982 World Cup finals, where he scored the fourth goal in West Germany's 4–1 win over Chile in the first round. His only goal in his short Germany career.
After hanging up his boots he started his managerial career at then 2nd Bundesliga side Eintracht Braunschweig in 1988–1989. After two seasons with Braunschweig he departed from the club, taking over FC Hansa Rostock in East Germany's NOFV Oberliga Nordost, previously known as DDR-Oberliga. As East Germany's Deutscher Fußball-Verband was to finally merge into Deutscher Fußball Bund after that, the 1990–91 season worked out to be the factor for those former DDR-Oberliga clubs to enqueue into the German soccer league structure. Under Reinders guidance Rostock won the final edition of the East German Cup (against FC Stahl Eisenhüttenstadt) and also grabbed the NOFV Oberliga Nordost title, which meant the team qualified to start in the Bundesliga in the 1991–92 season. Enjoying a fantastic start to the 1991–92 season, Rostock's form slumped massively and, with the threat of relegation rising, let the club sack him on 6 March 1992.

wn.com/Uwe_Reinders
Vladimir Petrović
Vladimir Petrović (Serbian Cyrillic: Владимир Петровић, born July 1, 1955 in Belgrade, Yugoslavia) is a Serbian football manager and former player. He last managed the Serbia national football team.
He is widely known domestically by his nickname Pižon (Serbian: Пижон), after the French for pigeon.
During his playing career, he mostly played for Red Star Belgrade and is one of only five Zvezdine zvezde (stars of the Star) — the legends of the club.
He started out at Red Star making his debut in 1971, at the age of 16. With the team, he won five Yugoslav League Championship titles, six Yugoslav Cups and reached the final of the 1979 UEFA Cup, losing to Borussia Mönchengladbach. In 1980, he was named the Yugoslav Footballer of the Year.
In 1982 he moved abroad, and briefly played for Arsenal; he joined the London side in December 1982 and made 22 appearances in the 1982–83 season. In June 1983 he left Arsenal and subsequently played for Brest and AS Nancy in France, and Royal Antwerp (1) and Standard Liège (16) in Belgium. In all he played 526 matches for the clubs.

wn.com/Vladimir_Petrović
Vojtech Christov
Vojtech Christov (born 16 March 1945) is a former Slovak football referee. He is known for having refereed two matches in the FIFA World Cup, one in the 1982 and one in the 1986. He also refereed two matches in the 1984 UEFA European Football Championship in France.

wn.com/Vojtech_Christov
Walter Eschweiler
Walter Eschweiler (born September 20, 1935), is a retired German football referee. He is known for having refereed one match in the 1982 FIFA World Cup in Spain.

wn.com/Walter_Eschweiler
Walter Schachner
Walter "Schoko" Schachner (born 1 February 1957 in Leoben, Austria) is a football manager and former Austrian national player (forward).
As he always brought chocolate to the games when he was a boy, he got the nickname schoko. He was one of the most successful Austrian players in Italian football, as he played for 4 clubs over 7 years.
Much-travelled Schachner started his professional career at local outfit Alpine Donawitz at 18 in the 1975/1976 season, earning a place in the national team after only one and a half season. He was duly picked up by Vienna giants Austria Wien but moved abroad to play in Italy for seven years, from 1981 to 1988, in A.C. Cesena (58 matches, 17 goals), Torino F.C. (85 matches, 18 goals) and U.S. Avellino (48 matches 13 goals). In 1981 when Cesena was promoted to Serie A, the ultras changed their title to Weisschwarz Brigaden (meaning “Black-and-white Brigades” in German language) to honor the Austrian forward. He returned to Austria in 1988, moving from one club to another and mostly in the second division before finally hanging up his boots at 41 years of age at Eintracht Wels.

wn.com/Walter_Schachner
Włodzimierz Ciołek
Włodzimierz Ciołek (born March 24, 1956 in Wałbrzych) is a retired Polish football player.
He played for clubs such as Górnik Wałbrzych and Stal Mielec. In season 1983/84 he was a topscorer of Polish League, playing for Górnik Wałbrzych.
He played for Polish national team, for which he played 29 matches and scored 4 goals.
Ciołek was a participant at the 1982 FIFA World Cup, where Poland won the third place. He scored a goal against Peru.
Nowadays, Ciołek trains juniors groups in football club PWSZ Górnik Wałbrzych.

wn.com/Włodzimierz_Ciołek
Włodzimierz Smolarek
Włodzimierz Smolarek (16 July 1957 – 7 March 2012) was a Polish footballer who was one of the most highly regarded Polish football players.
Born in Aleksandrów Łódzki, Smolarek played for clubs such as Widzew Łódź, Legia Warsaw, Eintracht Frankfurt (West Germany), Feyenoord Rotterdam (Netherlands) and FC Utrecht (Netherlands).
He played 60 matches for the Polish national team. Smolarek was a participant at the 1982 FIFA World Cup, where Poland won the third place, and the 1986 FIFA World Cup.
After ending his career, Smolarek worked for Feyenoord, coaching youth. In October 2009 he was hired by the Polish Football Association to oversee the Polish youth program.
His son Euzebiusz Smolarek is also a footballer.

wn.com/Włodzimierz_Smolarek
Yuri Gavrilov
Yuri Vasilyevich Gavrilov (Russian: Юрий Васильевич Гаврилов) (born May 3, 1953 in Setun, Odintsovsky District, Moscow Oblast) is a Russian football manager and a former midfielder who played for Dynamo Moscow and Spartak Moscow. He made 46 appearances for the USSR national football team and scored 10 goals. He also competed for the Soviet Union at the 1980 Summer Olympics and the 1982 FIFA World Cup in Spain. His creative skills are immortalized by Konstantin Beskov's famous phrase "If you don't know what to do with the ball, pass it to Gavrilov". Yuri Gavrilov has his own football school in Moscow called SC Svyatogor.
Gavrilov's football career started in Iskra Moscow football school when he was 7. He was invited by school director who saw Yury playing with other kids on the Iskra stadium. When he was 19, Konstantin Beskov took him to Dinamo Moscow from Iskra amateur team. But there was an expensive number of quality players in 70's Dinamo, and Gavrilov couldn't find the permanent place in Dinamo squad.

wn.com/Yuri_Gavrilov
Zbigniew Boniek
Zbigniew "Zibì" Kazimierz Boniek (Polish pronunciation: [ˈzbiɡɲɛv ˈbɔɲɛk]; born 3 March 1956 in Bydgoszcz) is a former Polish footballer and coach. He first played at Zawisza Bydgoszcz and later at Widzew Łódź. Boniek was named by Pelé as one of the 125 Greatest Living Footballers and by FIFA as one of the 100 best-ever players. On 12 October 2009 he received a Golden Foot career award.
Boniek was transferred to Italian football giants Juventus in 1982. That same year he won a bronze medal (third place) as part of the Polish team at the 1982 FIFA World Cup. With Juventus he won the Cup Winners' Cup and the European Super Cup in 1984 (scoring in the final of the former) and the European Cup in 1985.
Boniek represented Poland in 80 internationals and scored 24 goals. After finishing his professional career at A.S. Roma in 1988 he had a successful business career.
As a player, Boniek was known for his blistering pace and acceleration. He was one of the best dribblers of his time and also displayed superb technique.

wn.com/Zbigniew_Boniek
Zico
Arthur Antunes Coimbra (Portuguese pronunciation: [aʁˈtuʁ ɐ̃ˈtũnis koˈĩbɾɐ], born 3 March 1953 in Rio de Janeiro), better known as Zico ([ˈziku]), is a Brazilian coach and former footballer. He is the current head coach of the Iraq national football team. Often called the "White Pelé", he is commonly considered one of the most skilled finishers and one of the best passers ever and possibly the world's best player of the early 80's. He was also known as one of history's greatest free kick specialists, able to bend the ball with pace. The gifted midfielder was named by Pelé as one of the top 125 greatest living footballers in March 2004. Also according to Pelé, generally considered the best footballer ever, "throughout the years, the one player that came closest to me was Zico".
Zico scored 52 goals in 72 international matches for Brazil, and represented them in the 1978, 1982 and 1986 World Cups. They did not win any of those tournaments, even though the 1982 squad is considered one of the greatest Brazilian national squads ever. Zico is often considered one of the best players in football history not to have been on a World Cup winning squad. He was chosen 1981 and 1983 Player of the Year.

wn.com/Zico
Éder Aleixo de Assis
Éder Aleixo de Assis, was also known as Éder or Éder Assis (born May 25, 1957 in Vespasiano, Brazil), is a former Brazilian footballer. He played as a left winger and striker, most notably with Grêmio Foot-Ball Porto Alegrense, Clube Atlético Mineiro in the Campeonato Brasileiro and with the Brazilian national team. He also played for Sociedade Esportiva Palmeiras in 1986. A couple of years later transferred to Malatyaspor with Carlos and Serginho in 1988-89 season but played only one match for him and returned to Brazil.
He had 52 caps (5 non official), between May 1979 and April 1986, with the Brazilian national team.
Eder came to international prominence during the World Cup in 1982. In Brazil's first match of the tournament he scored a wonderful, winning goal against the Soviet Union, flicking the ball up and volleying it with blistering power into the net from fully 25 yards. He followed that up with another delightful goal in the 4-1 win over Scotland, when he feigned to shoot powerfully but then just delicately lofted the ball over Scotland's frozen goalie Alan Rough and into the far corner, from the edge of the area. He smashed a beautiful free-kick against the crossbar vs Argentina in the 2nd round group game from 30 yards out and this shot resulted in the first goal scored by Zico. He wasn't the quickest winger in the world but he was athletically built and had dazzling close control, as well as a shot that earned him the nickname "The Cannon" from his devoted fans.

wn.com/Éder_Aleixo_de_Assis

FIFA World Cup 1982 - All the Goals [1-7]

FIFA World Cup 1982 - All the Goals [1-7]...

published: 02 Jan 2011

author: l3yoncom

Brazil Vs Soviet Union- 14/6/1982 1982 FIFA World Cup Group 6

en.wikipedia.org...

published: 07 Jul 2011

author: Rrroooaaarrrr

Argentina vs Brazil - World Cup 1982 - part 1/7

Classic match between Argentina and Brazil. Diego Maradona vs Zico and Socrates....

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author: manforwoman2

1982 FIFA World Cup Final Italy 3 West Germany 1.wmv

1982 FIFA World Cup Final Italy 3 West Germany 1.wmv...

published: 14 Feb 2009

author: regioworldcup82

FIFA World Cup 1982 Soviet Union vs Scotland

June 22nd 1982 (21:00) Malaga, Estadio La Rosaleda SOVIET UNION 1 GK Rinat Dasaev 2 DF Ten...

published: 06 Mar 2008

author: boupap

1982 FIFA World Cup Semi finals.wmv

1982 FIFA World Cup Semi finals.wmv...

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1982 FIFA World Cup Third place Poland 3 France 2.wmv

1982 FIFA World Cup Third place Poland 3 France 2.wmv...

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author: regioworldcup82

1982 FIFA World Cup First round Group 3.wmv

1982 FIFA World Cup First round Group 3.wmv...

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author: regioworldcup82

1982 FIFA World Cup First round Group 4.wmv

1982 FIFA World Cup First round Group 4.wmv...

published: 14 Feb 2009

author: regioworldcup82

1982 FIFA World Cup First round Group 5.wmv

1982 FIFA World Cup First round Group 5.wmv...

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author: regioworldcup82

1982 FIFA World Cup First round Group 6.wmv

1982 FIFA World Cup First round Group 6.wmv...

published: 14 Feb 2009

author: regioworldcup82

FIFA World Cup 1982 - All the Goals [5-7]

FIFA World Cup 1982 - All the Goals [5-7]...

published: 02 Jan 2011

author: l3yoncom

1982 FIFA World Cup First round Group 2.wmv

1982 FIFA World Cup First round Group 2.wmv...

published: 14 Feb 2009

author: regioworldcup82

FIFA World Cup 1982 - All the Goals [2-7]

FIFA World Cup 1982 - All the Goals [2-7]...

published: 02 Jan 2011

author: l3yoncom

Senorita Dance with me

Song : Los Lobos with Antonio Banderas Cancion Del Mariachi , Morena De Mi Corazon , Desp...

published: 14 Jun 2011

author: Darko Steel

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photo: Public Domain

File - McDonald's Restaurant with prominent kids' playland, Panorama City, CA

I Saw Marx and Marxism at McDonalds Today

WorldNews.com

23 Feb 2013

Article by WN.com Correspondent Dallas Darling. "No one who works full-time should have to live in poverty." -President Barack Obama, State of the Union Address, 2013. As of late, I have grown very fond and reflective of the workers at McDonalds. Since I do not have the internet in my apartment, I usually go there every Sunday where I drink coffee and read the latest online news ... the exploitation of one class by another....(size: 3.7Kb)

photo: AP / SANA

In this photo provided by the Syrian official news agency SANA, Syrian security agents carry a body following a huge explosion that shook central Damascus, Syria, Thursday, Feb. 21, 2013.

Russia claims US showing double standards on Syria

Khaleej Times

22 Feb 2013

MOSCOW ' Russian Foreign Minister Sergei Lavrov accused the United States on Friday of having double standards on Syria, saying it had blocked a UN Security Council statement condemning a car bomb attack in Damascus. Washington denied it had blocked the statement and said it had only asked for balance ... “We believe these are double standards,” Lavrov said after talks with China’s foreign minister ... ....(size: 3.0Kb)

photo: UN / Sylvain Liechti

File - Children in Bunyampuli, in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC)’s North Kivu province, seek refuge near a camp of the UN mission in the country, MONUSCO, after heavy fighting between Government FARDC forces and the Mai-Mai Cheka militia group, 22 May, 2012.

African leaders to sign DR Congo peace deal

Al Jazeera

24 Feb 2013

Presidents from Africa's Great Lakes regional nations are set to sign a new peace deal aimed at bringing stability to the war-torn east of the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) ... But after almost two decades of war, expectations are low ... Several of its leaders have been hit by UN sanctions over alleged atrocities ...   ... Frost Over The World 101 East One on One Counting The Cost Talk to Al Jazeera Empire The Cafe Al Jazeera World ... ....(size: 7.7Kb)

photo: AP / Photo

Villagers view the bodies of suspected attackers from the Pokomo tribe, following tribal clashes in Kipao village in the Tana River Delta region of southeastern Kenya Friday, Dec. 21, 2012.

Neighbors Kill Neighbors in Kenya as Election Tensions Stir Age-Old Grievances

The New York Times

22 Feb 2013

MALINDI, Kenya — In a room by the stairs, Shukrani Malingi, a Pokomo farmer, writhed on a metal cot, the skin on his back burned off. Down the hall, at a safe distance, Rahema Hageyo, an Orma girl, stared blankly out of a window, a long scar above her thimble-like neck. She was nearly decapitated by a machete chop — and she is only 9 months old. Connect With Us on Twitter ... Twitter List. Reporters and Editors ... N.Y ... World »....(size: 6.3Kb)

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Camp Nou: More than a stadium (FIFA - Fédération Internationale de Football Association)

noodls

15 Feb 2013

FIFA - Fédération Internationale de Football Association) ... The first of them was Johan Cruyff's so-called Dream Teamof the 1990s, a supremely cultured outfit that featured a young Josep Guardiola and won the club's first European Cup ... The famous arena has been refurbished on several occasions, undergoing renovation for the first time prior to the 1982 FIFA World Cup Spain™, when its capacity was increased to 120,000....(size: 5.5Kb)

Queiroz: Pressure is part of my life (FIFA - Fédération Internationale de Football Association)

noodls

03 Feb 2013

Manchester United, Real Madrid and Portugal - the latter at the 2010 FIFA World Cup South Africa™ - have all reaped the benefits of his footballing acumen ... Iran haven't qualified for the FIFA World Cup since 2006 ... Luiz Felipe Scolari, who guided Brazil to FIFA World Cup glory in 2002, has been named as the Seleção'snew head coach ... The 1982 FIFA World Cup and the Olympic Games both benefited Spanish football in general....(size: 8.5Kb)

Ex-Black Stars Coach Dossena Backs Black Stars For AFCON Final

Peace FM Online

28 Jan 2013

Dossena, a member of Italys 1982 FIFA World Cup winning squad, believes the Black Stars will rediscover their playing style as the tournament progresses ... World Cup 2010, Dossena said....(size: 1.0Kb)

Ex-Black Stars coach Dossena backs team for AFCON final

Joy Online

27 Jan 2013

Football community mourns Roy Cox (Oceania Football Confederation)

noodls

19 Jan 2013

During Roy's tenure New Zealand achieved arguably its greatest ever result, a 1-0 win over a USA side that featured Mia Hamm, Michelle Akers and Kristine Lilly, at the Women's World Invitational Tournament in 1987, the predecessor to today's FIFA Women's World Cup ... He also played a significant role in fund-raising for the All Whites' "Road to Spain" 1982 FIFA World Cup campaign....(size: 4.3Kb)

Happy Birthday to you! (FIFA - Fédération Internationale de Football Association)

noodls

30 Dec 2012

Abdulaziz Al Anbari (58) is a living legend of Kuwait football, having enabled his national team to claim their one and only AFC Asian Cup, in 1980, and to qualify for the 1982 FIFA World Cup Spain, which was the diminutive Middle Eastern nation's first and last appearance on football's greatest stage ... He was then named in Die Nationalelf's squad for the 2010 FIFA World Cup South Africa, where the Germans again finished third....(size: 7.4Kb)

Montella's Fiorentina turning heads (FIFA - Fédération Internationale de Football Association)

noodls

30 Nov 2012

Hopes are even growing that La Viola can write another stellar chapter in their history, to match the memories left by iconic former president Artemio Franchi, elegant 1982 FIFA World Cup™ winner Giancarlo Antognoni and record scorer Gabriel Batistuta ... former FIFA World Cup winner Luca Toni, snapping the 35-year-old up from Dubai outfit Al Nasr....(size: 7.0Kb)

This Week In Canadian Soccer History

The Examiner

16 Nov 2012

Canada leaves the field “knowing that one more goal would have clinched us a berth to the 1982 FIFA World Cup Spain.” Wes McLeod and captain Robert Iarusci score for Canada in the draw ... While Scotland 1989 will be Canada’s second participation in a FIFA U-17 World Cup, it marks the first time Canada qualifies through competition (after qualifying as hosts for the FIFA U-17 World Cup Canada 1987)....(size: 8.7Kb)

CAMEROON LEGEND ABEGA PASSES ON (Confédération Africaine de Football)

noodls

15 Nov 2012

As captain of the Indomitable Lions, he guided the team to win the title at the 1984 Africa Cup of Nations held in Cote d'Ivoire ... He was also a key figure for the Indomitable Lions in their campaign at the 1982 FIFA World Cup in Spain, featuring in all three matches as the team exited at the group phase....(size: 1.9Kb)

New Zealand to meet China in Shanghai (FIFA - Fédération Internationale de Football Association)

noodls

26 Oct 2012

... Zealand hosts Oceania's fourth round of 2014 FIFA World Cup Brazil™ qualifiers in March next year ... Famously the pair met in Singapore in 1981, with New Zealand claiming a 2-1 win in a crucial result en-route to qualifying for the 1982 FIFA World Cup™....(size: 1.6Kb)

Euro 1980 Legends: Horst Hrubesch, West Germany

Zeenews

31 May 2012

Kishen Patel. Nicknamed as the Das Kopfball Ungeheuer (the Header Beast), Hrubesch was the typical late bloomer having risen to prominence only at the age of 28. Hrubesch was known for his symbolic relationship with fellow HSV player Manfred Kaltz, a right wing back whose crosses Hrubesch often headed into the goal ... Unlikely Hero ... Honours ... He finished runners up at the 1982 FIFA World Cup with the national team. Post Retirement ... Comments ... ....(size: 3.4Kb)

Former Australia captain Murray Barnes dies

The Himalayan

01 Jan 2012

  . Added At. 2012-01-01 12.37 PM ... Close --> Share . -->. SYDNEY ... He was appointed captain for the team's 1982 FIFA World Cup qualifying campaign and led the team nine times in 1980 and 1981 ... ....(size: 3.1Kb)

Toronto names former Dutch star Winter new coach

The Miami Herald

06 Jan 2011

He made 84 international appearances for the Netherlands, and played in three FIFA World Cups and four European Championships ... He was hired by New England Revolution in 2004 as assistant coach and spent six seasons with the club, reaching the MLS Cup three consecutive years. As a player, Mariner represented England at the 1982 FIFA World Cup and 1980 European Championship....(size: 2.6Kb)

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1982 FIFA World Cup
Copa del Mundo de Fútbol – España 82
180px 1982 FIFA World Cup official logo
Tournament details
Host country	Spain
Dates	13 June – 11 July (29 days)
Teams	24 (from 6 confederations)
Venue(s)	17 (in 14 host cities)
Final positions
Champions	Italy (3rd title)
Runners-up	West Germany
Third place	Poland
Fourth place	France
Tournament statistics
Matches played	52
Goals scored	146 (2.81 per match)
Attendance	2,109,723 (40,572 per match)
Top scorer(s)	Paolo Rossi (6 goals)
Best player	Paolo Rossi
← 1978 1986 →

The 1982 FIFA World Cup, the 12th FIFA World Cup, was held in Spain from 13 June to 11 July. The tournament was won by Italy, after defeating West Germany 3–1 in the final. It was Italy's third World Cup win and first since 1938. The holders Argentina were eliminated in the second group round. The tournament's top scorer was Paolo Rossi of Italy with six goals, including a hat-trick in a second group game against Brazil and one in the final.

Host selection [link]

Main article: FIFA World Cup hosts

Spain was chosen as the host nation by FIFA in London, England on 6 July 1966. Hosting rights for the 1974 and 1978 tournaments were awarded at the same time. West Germany agreed a deal with Spain by which Spain would support West Germany for the 1974 tournament, and in return West Germany would allow Spain to bid for the 1982 World Cup unopposed.

Qualification [link]

Main article: 1982 FIFA World Cup qualification

Countries qualified for World Cup

Country failed to qualify

Countries that did not enter World Cup

Country not a FIFA member

For the first time, the World Cup finals expanded from 16 to 24 teams. This allowed more teams, especially from Africa and Asia, to participate.

Absent from the finals were 1974 and 1978 runners-up Netherlands (eliminated by Belgium and France) and 1974 and 1978 participant Sweden (eliminated by Scotland and Northern Ireland). Northern Ireland qualified for the first time since 1958. England, Czechoslovakia, Belgium, and the Soviet Union were back in the Finals after a 12-year absence. England had its first successful World Cup qualifying campaign in 20 years - the English team had qualified automatically as hosts in 1966 and as defending champions in 1970, then failed to qualify for the 1974 and 1978 tournaments. Yugoslavia were also back after missing the 1978 tournament. Algeria, Cameroon, Honduras, Kuwait, and New Zealand all participated in the World Cup for the first time.

Summary [link]

Format [link]

The 1982 competition used a unique format. The first round was a round-robin group stage containing six groups of four teams each. Two points were awarded for a win and one for a draw, with goal difference used to separate teams equal on points. The top two teams in each group advanced. In the second round, the twelve remaining teams were split into four groups of three teams each, with the winner of each group progressing to the knockout semi-final stage.

First round [link]

In Group 1, newcomers Cameroon held both Poland and Italy to draws, and were denied a place in the next round on the basis of having scored fewer goals than Italy (the sides had an equal goal difference). Poland and Italy qualified over Cameroon and Peru. Italian journalists and tifosi criticised their team for their uninspired performances that managed three draws; the squad was reeling from the recent Serie A scandal, where national players were suspended for match fixing and illegal betting.

Group 2 saw one of the great World Cup upsets on the first day with the 2–1 victory of Algeria over reigning European Champions West Germany. In the final match in the group between West Germany and Austria, Algeria had already played their final group game the day before, and West Germany and Austria knew that a West German win by 1 or 2 goals would qualify them both, while a larger German victory would qualify Algeria over Austria, and a draw or an Austrian win would eliminate the Germans. After 10 minutes of all-out attack, West Germany scored through a goal by Horst Hrubesch. After the goal was scored, the two teams kicked the ball around aimlessly for the rest of the match. Chants of "Fuera, fuera" ("Out, out") were screamed by the Spanish crowd, while angry Algerian supporters waved banknotes at the players. This performance was widely deplored, even by the German and Austrian fans. One German fan was so upset by his team's display that he burned his German flag in disgust.^[1] Algeria protested to FIFA, who ruled that the result be allowed to stand; FIFA introduced a revised qualification system at subsequent World Cups in which the final two games in each group were played simultaneously.

Group 3, where the opening ceremony and first match of the tournament took place, saw Belgium beat defending champions Argentina 1–0. The Camp Nou stadium was the home of Barcelona, and many fans had wanted to see the club's new signing, Argentinian star Diego Maradona, who did not perform to expectations. Both Belgium and Argentina ultimately advanced at the expense of Hungary and El Salvador despite Hungary's 10–1 win over the Central American nation — which, with a total of 11 goals, is the second highest scoreline in a World Cup game (equal with Brazil's 6–5 victory over Poland in the 1938 tournament and Hungary's 8–3 victory over West Germany in the 1954 tournament).

Group 4 opened with England midfielder Bryan Robson's goal against France after only 27 seconds of play. England won 3–1 and qualified along with France over Czechoslovakia and Kuwait, though the tiny Gulf emirate held Czechoslovakia to a 1–1 draw. In the game between Kuwait and France, with France leading 3–1, France midfielder Alain Giresse scored a goal vehemently contested by the Kuwait team, who had stopped play after hearing a piercing whistle from the stands, which they thought had come from Soviet referee Miroslav Stupar. Play had not yet resumed when Sheikh Fahid Al-Ahmad Al-Sabah, brother of the Kuwaiti Emir and president of the Kuwaiti Football Association, rushed onto the pitch to remonstrate with the referee. Stupar countermanded his initial decision and disallowed the goal to the fury of the French. Maxime Bossis scored another valid goal a few minutes later and France won 4–1. Stupar lost his international refereeing credentials as a result of this incident, and Al-Sabah received a $10,000 fine.^{[citation needed]}

In Group 5, Honduras held hosts Spain to a 1–1 draw. Northern Ireland won the group outright, eliminating Yugoslavia and beating hosts Spain 1–0; Northern Ireland had to play the majority of the second half with ten men after Mal Donaghy was dismissed. Spain scraped by thanks to a controversial penalty in the 2–1 victory over Yugoslavia. At 17 years and 41 days, Northern Ireland forward Norman Whiteside was the youngest player to appear in a World Cup match.

Brazil were in Group 6. With Zico, Sócrates, Falcão, Éder and fellows, they boasted an offensive firepower that promised a return to the glory days of 1970. They beat the USSR 2–1 thanks to a 20 metre Éder goal two minutes from time, then Scotland and New Zealand with four goals each. The Soviets took the group's other qualifying berth at the expense of the Scots.

Second round [link]

Poland opened Group A with a 3–0 defeat of Belgium thanks to a Zbigniew Boniek hat-trick. The Soviet Union prevailed 1–0 in the next match over Belgium. The Poles edged out the USSR for the semi-final spot on the final day on goal difference thanks to a 0–0 draw in a politically charged match, as Poland's then-Communist government had imposed a martial law a few months earlier to quash internal dissent and forestall a Soviet invasion.

In Group B, a match between England and West Germany ended in a goalless draw. West Germany put the pressure on England in their second match by beating Spain 2–1. The home side drew 0–0 against England, denying Ron Greenwood's team a semi-final place and putting England in the same position as Cameroon, being eliminated without losing a game.

In Group C, with Brazil, Argentina and Italy, in the opener, Italy prevailed 2–1 over Diego Maradona's side after a game in which Italian defenders Gaetano Scirea and Claudio Gentile proved themselves equal to the task of stopping the Argentinian attack. Argentina now needed a win over Brazil on the second day, but lost 3–1 — Argentina only scoring in the last minute. Diego Maradona kicked Brazilian player Joao Batista and was sent off in the 85th minute.

Main article: Brazil vs Italy (1982)

The match between Brazil and Italy put Brazil's attack against Italy's defence, with the majority of the game played around the Italian area, with the Italian midfielders and defenders returning the repeated set volleys of Brazilian shooters such as Zico, Socrates and Falcao. Italian centre back Claudio Gentile was assigned to mark Brazilian striker Zico, earning a yellow card and a suspension for the following game against Poland. Enzo Bearzot's striker, Paolo Rossi, opened the scoring when he headed in Antonio Cabrini's cross with just five minutes played. Socrates equalised for Brazil twelve minutes later. In the twenty-fifth minute Rossi stepped past a Brazilian defender, intercepted a pass across the Brazilians' goal, and drilled the shot home. The Brazilians threw everything in search of another equaliser, while Italy defended bravely. On 68 minutes, Falcao collected a pass from Junior and fired home from 20 yards out to draw the match. Now Italy had gained the lead twice thanks to Rossi's goals, and Brazil had come back twice; At 2–2, Brazil would have been through on goal difference, but at the 74th minute, a poor clearance from an Italian corner kick went back to the Brazilian six-yard line where Rossi and Francesco Graziani were waiting. Both aimed at the same shot, Rossi connecting to get a hat trick and sending Italy into the lead for good.

In the last group, Group D, France dispatched Austria 1–0 in their opener, then beat Northern Ireland 4–1 for their first semifinal appearance since 1958.

Semi-finals, third-place match, and final [link]

Italy beat Poland in the first semi-final through two goals from Paolo Rossi. In the game between France and West Germany, the Germans opened the scoring through a Pierre Littbarski strike in the 17th minute, and the French equalised nine minutes later with a Michel Platini penalty. In the second half a long through ball sent French defender Patrick Battiston racing clear towards the German goal. With both Battiston and the lone German defender trying to be the first to reach the ball, Battiston flicked it past German keeper Harald Schumacher from the edge of the German penalty area and Schumacher reacted by jumping up to block. Schumacher completely missed the ball, however, and clattered straight into the oncoming Battiston – which left the French player unconscious and knocked two of his teeth out. Schumacher's action has been described as "one of history's most shocking fouls".^[2] The ball went just wide of the post and Dutch referee Charles Corver deemed Schumacher's tackle on Battiston not to be a foul and awarded a goal kick. Play was interrupted for several minutes while Battiston, still unconscious and with a broken jaw, was carried off the field on a stretcher. After French defender Manuel Amoros had sent a 25-metre drive crashing onto the West German crossbar in the final minute, the match went into extra time. On 92 minutes, France's sweeper Marius Trésor fired a swerving volley under Schumacher's crossbar from ten metres out to make it 2–1. Six minutes later, an unmarked Alain Giresse drove in a 18-metre shot off the inside of the right post to finish off a counter-attack and put France up 3–1. But West Germany would not give up. In the 102nd minute a counter-attack culminated in a cross that recent substitute Karl-Heinz Rummenigge turned in at the near post from a difficult angle with the outside of his foot, reducing France's lead to 3–2. Then in the 108th minute Germany took a short corner and after France failed to clear, the ball was played by Germany to Littbarski whose cross to Horst Hrubesch was headed back to the centre towards Klaus Fischer, who was unmarked but with his back to goal. Fischer in turn volleyed the ball past French keeper Jean-Luc Ettori with a bicycle kick, levelling the scores at 3–3 and sending the match to penalties. This goal was voted the greatest goal in the history of German football by German supporters. Because the scores were level after extra time, France and West Germany participated in the first ever penalty shootout at a World Cup finals. Giresse, Manfred Kaltz, Manuel Amoros, Paul Breitner and Dominique Rocheteau all converted penalties until Uli Stielike was stopped by Ettori, giving France the advantage. But then Schumacher stepped forward, lifted the tearful Stielike from the ground, and saved Didier Six's shot. With Germany handed the lifeline they needed Littbarski converted his penalty, followed by Platini for France, and then Rummenigge for Germany as the tension mounted. France defender Maxime Bossis then had his kick parried by Schumacher who anticipated it, and Hrubesch stepped up to score and send Germany to the World Cup final yet again with a victory on penalties, 4–5.

In the final, after a scoreless first half during which Antonio Cabrini fired a penalty wide of goal, the fresher legs of the Italians and the confidence gained from their previous three victories began to make the difference between the teams. After a foul just outside the area by Karl-Heinz Rummenigge, Italian central defender Claudio Gentile raced upfield to set the ball and initiate the quick restart, catching the German goalkeeper Schumacher out of position and the German defence unprepared. Paolo Rossi scored first for the third straight game by heading home Gentile's bouncing cross at close range. Exploiting the situation, Italy scored twice more on quick counter-strikes, all the while capitalising on their defence to hold the Germans. With Gentile and Gaetano Scirea holding the centre, the Italian strikers were free to counter-punch the weakened German defence. Marco Tardelli's shot from the edge of the area beat Schumacher first, and Alessandro Altobelli, the substitute for injured striker Francesco Graziani, made it 3–0 at the end of a solo sprint down the right side by the stand-out winger Bruno Conti. Italy's lead appeared secure, encouraging Italian president Sandro Pertini to wag his finger at the cameras in a playful "not going to catch us now" gesture. In the 83rd minute Paul Breitner scored a goal against Dino Zoff, but Italy claimed their first World Cup title in 44 years, and their third in total with a 3–1 victory.

In the third-place match, Poland edged the French side 3–2 which matched Poland's best ever performance at a World Cup previously achieved in 1974. France would go on to win the European Championship two years later.

Records [link]

Italy became the first team to advance from the first round without winning a game, drawing all three (while Cameroon were eliminated in the same way), and also the only World Cup winner to draw or lose three matches at the Finals. By winning, Italy equalled Brazil's record of winning the World Cup three times. Italy's total of twelve goals scored in seven matches set a new low for average goals scored per game by a World Cup winning side (subsequently exceeded by Spain in 2010), while Italy's aggregate goal difference of +6 for the tournament remains a record low for a champion, equalled by Spain.

Italy's 40-year-old captain-goalkeeper Dino Zoff became the oldest-ever player to win the World Cup. This was the first World Cup in which teams from all six continental confederations participated in the finals, something that would not happen again until 2006.

Venues [link]

17 stadiums in 14 cities hosted the tournament.

Madrid		Barcelona		Vigo	A Coruña
Santiago Bernabéu	Vicente Calderón	Camp Nou	Sarrià	Balaídos	Riazor
Capacity: 91,000	Capacity: 66,000	Capacity: 120,000	Capacity: 44,000	Capacity: 31,800	Capacity: 34,600

Gijón	Oviedo	Elche	Alicante	Bilbao	Valladolid
El Molinón	Carlos Tartiere	Nuevo	José Rico Pérez	San Mamés	José Zorrilla
Capacity: 47,000	Capacity: 23,000	Capacity: 40,000	Capacity: 38,000	Capacity: 47,000	Capacity: 30,000
			\|
Valencia	Zaragoza	Sevilla		Málaga
Luis Casanova	La Romareda	Ramón Sánchez Pizjuán	Benito Villamarín	La Rosaleda
Capacity: 55,000	Capacity: 42,000	Capacity: 68,000	Capacity: 50,000	Capacity: 44,000

A Coruña

Alicante

Barcelona

Bilbao

Elche

Gijón

Madrid

Málaga

Oviedo

Seville

Valencia

Valladolid

Vigo

Zaragoza

A map showing the locations of the venues used at the 1982 FIFA World Cup

Match officials [link]

AFC

CAF

CONCACAF

CONMEBOL

UEFA

OFC

Tony Boskovic

Squads [link]

For a list of all squads that appeared in the final tournament, see 1982 FIFA World Cup squads.

Seeding [link]

Pot 1	Pot 2	Pot 3	Pot 4
Spain (Hosts) Argentina (Current Champions) Brazil (1978 3rd Place) Italy (1978 4th Place) West Germany England	Austria Soviet Union Hungary Poland Czechoslovakia Yugoslavia	Belgium Scotland Northern Ireland France Chile Peru	Algeria Cameroon Kuwait El Salvador Honduras New Zealand

Results [link]

Champion

Runner-up

Third place

Fourth place

Quarter-finals

Round of 16

Group stage

First round [link]

Group 1 [link]

Team	Pld	W	D	L	GF	GA	GD	Pts
Poland	3	1	2	0	5	1	+4	4
Italy	3	0	3	0	2	2	0	3
Cameroon	3	0	3	0	1	1	0	3
Peru	3	0	2	1	2	6	−4	2

14 June 1982 17:15 CEST	Italy	0–0	Poland	Balaídos, Vigo Attendance: 33,000 Referee: Michel Vautrot (France)
		Report

15 June 1982 17:15 CEST	Peru	0–0	Cameroon	Estadio de Riazor, A Coruña Attendance: 11,000 Referee: Franz Wöhrer (Austria)
		Report

18 June 1982 17:15 CEST	Italy	1–1	Peru	Balaídos, Vigo Attendance: 25,000 Referee: Walter Eschweiler (West Germany)
	Conti 18'	Report	Díaz 83'

19 June 1982 17:15 CEST	Poland	0–0	Cameroon	Estadio de Riazor, A Coruña Attendance: 19,000 Referee: Alexis Ponnet (Belgium)
		Report

22 June 1982 17:15 CEST	Poland	5–1	Peru	Estadio de Riazor, A Coruña Attendance: 25,000 Referee: Mario Rubio Vázquez (Mexico)
	Smolarek 55' Lato 58' Boniek 61' Buncol 68' Ciołek 76'	Report	La Rosa 83'

23 June 1982 17:15 CEST	Italy	1–1	Cameroon	Balaídos, Vigo Attendance: 20,000 Referee: Bogdan Dotchev (Bulgaria)
	Graziani 60'	Report	M'Bida 61'

Group 2 [link]

Team	Pld	W	L	GF	GA	GD	Pts
West Germany	3	2	1	6	3	+3	4
Austria	3	2	1	3	1	+2	4
Algeria	3	2	1	5	5	0	4
Chile	3	0	3	3	8	−5	0

16 June 1982 17:15 CEST	West Germany	1–2	Algeria	El Molinón, Gijón Attendance: 42,000 Referee: Enrique Labo Revoredo (Peru)
	Rummenigge 67'	Report	Madjer 54' Belloumi 68'

17 June 1982 17:15 CEST	Chile	0–1	Austria	Estadio Carlos Tartiere, Oviedo Attendance: 22,500 Referee: Juan Daniel Cardellino (Uruguay)
		Report	Schachner 21'

20 June 1982 17:15 CEST	West Germany	4–1	Chile	El Molinón, Gijón Attendance: 42,000 Referee: Bruno Galler (Switzerland)
	Rummenigge 9', 57', 66' Reinders 81'	Report	Moscoso 90'

21 June 1982 17:15 CEST	Algeria	0–2	Austria	Estadio Carlos Tartiere, Oviedo Attendance: 22,000 Referee: Tony Boskovic (Australia)
		Report	Schachner 55' Krankl 67'

24 June 1982 17:15 CEST	Algeria	3–2	Chile	Estadio Carlos Tartiere, Oviedo Attendance: 16,000 Referee: Rómulo Méndez (Guatemala)
	Assad 7', 31' Bensaoula 35'	Report	Neira 59' (pen.) Letelier 73'

25 June 1982 17:15 CEST	West Germany	1–0	Austria	El Molinón, Gijón Attendance: 41,000 Referee: Bob Valentine (Scotland)
	Hrubesch 10'	Report

Group 3 [link]

Team	Pld	W	D	L	GF	GA	GD	Pts
Belgium	3	2	1	0	3	1	+2	5
Argentina	3	2	0	1	6	2	+4	4
Hungary	3	1	1	1	12	6	+6	3
El Salvador	3	0	0	3	1	13	−12	0

13 June 1982 20:00 CEST	Argentina	0–1	Belgium	Camp Nou, Barcelona Attendance: 95,500 Referee: Vojtěch Christov (Czechoslovakia)
		Report	Vandenbergh 62'

15 June 1982 21:00 CEST	Hungary	10–1	El Salvador	Nuevo Estadio, Elche Attendance: 23,000 Referee: Ibrahim Youssef Al-Doy (Bahrain)
	Nyilasi 4', 83' Pölöskei 11' Fazekas 23', 54' Tóth 50' L. Kiss 69', 72', 76' Szentes 72'	Report	Ramírez 64'

18 June 1982 21:00 CEST	Argentina	4–1	Hungary	Estadio José Rico Pérez, Alicante Attendance: 32,093 Referee: Belaid Lacarne (Algeria)
	Bertoni 26' Maradona 28', 57' Ardiles 60'	Report	Pölöskei 76'

19 June 1982 21:00 CEST	Belgium	1–0	El Salvador	Nuevo Estadio, Elche Attendance: 15,000 Referee: Malcolm Moffatt (Northern Ireland)
	Coeck 19'	Report

22 June 1982 21:00 CEST	Belgium	1–1	Hungary	Nuevo Estadio, Elche Attendance: 37,000 Referee: Clive White (England)
	Czerniatynski 76'	Report	Varga 27'

23 June 1982 21:00 CEST	Argentina	2–0	El Salvador	Estadio José Rico Pérez, Alicante Attendance: 32,500 Referee: Luis Barrancos (Bolivia)
	Passarella 22' (pen.) Bertoni 52'	Report

Group 4 [link]

Team	Pld	W	D	L	GF	GA	GD	Pts
England	3	3	0	0	6	1	+5	6
France	3	1	1	1	6	5	+1	3
Czechoslovakia	3	0	2	1	2	4	−2	2
Kuwait	3	0	1	2	2	6	−4	1

16 June 1982 17:15 CEST	England	3–1	France	Estadio San Mamés, Bilbao Attendance: 44,172 Referee: António Garrido (Portugal)
	Robson 1', 67' Mariner 83'	Report	Soler 24'

17 June 1982 17:15 CEST	Czechoslovakia	1–1	Kuwait	Estadio José Zorrilla, Valladolid Attendance: 25,000 Referee: Benjamin Dwomoh (Ghana)
	Panenka 21' (pen.)	Report	Al-Dakhil 57'

20 June 1982 17:15 CEST	England	2–0	Czechoslovakia	Estadio San Mamés, Bilbao Attendance: 41,123 Referee: Charles Corver (Netherlands)
	Francis 62' Barmoš 66' (o.g.)	Report

21 June 1982 17:15 CEST	France	4–1	Kuwait	Estadio José Zorrilla, Valladolid Attendance: 30,043 Referee: Miroslav Stupar (Soviet Union)
	Genghini 31' Platini 43' Six 48' Bossis 89'	Report	Al-Buloushi 75'

24 June 1982 17:15 CEST	France	1–1	Czechoslovakia	Estadio José Zorrilla, Valladolid Attendance: 28,000 Referee: Paolo Casarin (Italy)
	Six 66'	Report	Panenka 84' (pen.)

25 June 1982 17:15 CEST	England	1–0	Kuwait	Estadio San Mamés, Bilbao Attendance: 39,700 Referee: Gilberto Aristizábal (Colombia)
	Francis 27'	Report

Group 5 [link]

Team	Pld	W	D	L	GF	GA	GD	Pts
Northern Ireland	3	1	2	0	2	1	+1	4
Spain	3	1	1	1	3	3	0	3
Yugoslavia	3	1	1	1	2	2	0	3
Honduras	3	0	2	1	2	3	−1	2

16 June 1982 21:00 CEST	Spain	1–1	Honduras	Estadio Luis Casanova, Valencia Attendance: 49,562 Referee: Arturo Ithurralde (Argentina)
	López Ufarte 65' (pen.)	Report	Zelaya 8'

17 June 1982 21:00 CEST	Yugoslavia	0–0	Northern Ireland	La Romareda, Zaragoza Attendance: 25,000 Referee: Erik Fredriksson (Sweden)
		Report

20 June 1982 21:00 CEST	Spain	2–1	Yugoslavia	Estadio Luis Casanova, Valencia Attendance: 48,000 Referee: Henning Lund-Sørensen (Denmark)
	Juanito 14' (pen.) Saura 66'	Report	Gudelj 10'

21 June 1982 21:00 CEST	Honduras	1–1	Northern Ireland	La Romareda, Zaragoza Attendance: 15,000 Referee: Chan Tam Sun (Hong Kong)
	Laing 60'	Report	Armstrong 10'

24 June 1982 21:00 CEST	Honduras	0–1	Yugoslavia	La Romareda, Zaragoza Attendance: 25,000 Referee: Gastón Castro (Chile)
		Report	Petrović 88' (pen.)

25 June 1982 21:00 CEST	Spain	0–1	Northern Ireland	Estadio Luis Casanova, Valencia Attendance: 49,562 Referee: Héctor Ortiz (Paraguay)
		Report	Armstrong 47'

Group 6 [link]

Team	Pld	W	D	L	GF	GA	GD	Pts
Brazil	3	3	0	0	10	2	+8	6
Soviet Union	3	1	1	1	6	4	+2	3
Scotland	3	1	1	1	8	8	0	3
New Zealand	3	0	0	3	2	12	−10	0

14 June 1982 21:00 CEST	Brazil	2–1	Soviet Union	Estadio Ramón Sánchez Pizjuán, Seville Attendance: 68,000 Referee: Augusto Lamo Castillo (Spain)
	Sócrates 75' Éder 87'	Report	Bal 34'

15 June 1982 21:00 CEST	Scotland	5–2	New Zealand	Estadio La Rosaleda, Málaga Attendance: 36,000 Referee: David Socha (United States)
	Dalglish 18' Wark 30', 33' Robertson 73' Archibald 79'	Report	Sumner 54' Wooddin 65'

18 June 1982 21:00 CEST	Brazil	4–1	Scotland	Estadio Benito Villamarín, Seville Attendance: 47,379 Referee: Luis Paulino Siles (Costa Rica)
	Zico 33' Oscar 49' Éder 65' Falcão 87'	Report	Narey 18'

19 June 1982 21:00 CEST	Soviet Union	3–0	New Zealand	Estadio La Rosaleda, Málaga Attendance: 19,000 Referee: Yousef El-Ghoul (Libya)
	Gavrilov 25' Blokhin 48' Baltacha 69'	Report

22 June 1982 21:00 CEST	Soviet Union	2–2	Scotland	Estadio La Rosaleda, Málaga Attendance: 45,000 Referee: Nicolae Rainea (Romania)
	Chivadze 60' Shengelia 84'	Report	Jordan 15' Souness 87'

23 June 1982 21:00 CEST	Brazil	4–0	New Zealand	Estadio Benito Villamarín, Seville Attendance: 43,000 Referee: Damir Matovinović (Yugoslavia)
	Zico 28', 31' Falcão 55' Serginho 69'	Report

Second round [link]

Group A [link]

Team	Pld	W	D	L	GF	GA	GD	Pts
Poland	2	1	1	0	3	0	+3	3
Soviet Union	2	1	1	0	1	0	+1	3
Belgium	2	0	0	2	0	4	−4	0

28 June 1982 21:00 CEST	Poland	3–0	Belgium	Camp Nou, Barcelona Attendance: 65,000 Referee: Luis Paulino Siles (Costa Rica)
	Boniek 4', 26', 53'	Report

1 July 1982 21:00 CEST	Belgium	0–1	Soviet Union	Camp Nou, Barcelona Attendance: 45,000 Referee: Michel Vautrot (France)
		Report	Oganesian 48'

4 July 1982 21:00 CEST	Soviet Union	0–0	Poland	Camp Nou, Barcelona Attendance: 65,000 Referee: Bob Valentine (Scotland)
		Report

Group B [link]

Team	Pld	W	D	L	GF	GA	GD	Pts
West Germany	2	1	1	0	2	1	+1	3
England	2	0	2	0	0	0	0	2
Spain	2	0	1	1	1	2	−1	1

29 June 1982 21:00 CEST	West Germany	0–0	England	Estadio Santiago Bernabéu, Madrid Attendance: 75,000 Referee: Arnaldo Cézar Coelho (Brazil)
		Report

2 July 1982 21:00 CEST	West Germany	2–1	Spain	Estadio Santiago Bernabéu, Madrid Attendance: 90,089 Referee: Paolo Casarin (Italy)
	Littbarski 50' Fischer 75'	Report	Zamora 82'

5 July 1982 21:00 CEST	Spain	0–0	England	Estadio Santiago Bernabéu, Madrid Attendance: 75,000 Referee: Alexis Ponnet (Belgium)
		Report

Group C [link]

Team	Pld	W	L	GF	GA	GD	Pts
Italy	2	2	0	5	3	+2	4
Brazil	2	1	1	5	4	+1	2
Argentina	2	0	2	2	5	−3	0

29 June 1982 17:15 CEST	Italy	2–1	Argentina	Estadio Sarriá, Barcelona Attendance: 43,000 Referee: Nicolae Rainea (Romania)
	Tardelli 55' Cabrini 67'	Report	Passarella 83'

2 July 1982 17:15 CEST	Argentina	1–3	Brazil	Estadio Sarriá, Barcelona Attendance: 43,000 Referee: Mario Rubio Vázquez (Mexico)
	Díaz 89'	Report	Zico 11' Serginho 66' Júnior 75'

5 July 1982 17:15 CEST	Brazil	2–3	Italy	Estadio Sarriá, Barcelona Attendance: 44,000 Referee: Abraham Klein (Israel)
	Sócrates 12' Falcão 68'	Report	Rossi 5', 25', 74'

Group D [link]

Team	Pld	W	D	L	GF	GA	GD	Pts
France	2	2	0	0	5	1	+4	4
Austria	2	0	1	1	2	3	−1	1
Northern Ireland	2	0	1	1	3	6	−3	1

28 June 1982 17:15 CEST	Austria	0–1	France	Estadio Vicente Calderón, Madrid Attendance: 37,000 Referee: Károly Palotai (Hungary)
		Report	Genghini 39'

1 July 1982 17:15 CEST	Austria	2–2	Northern Ireland	Estadio Vicente Calderón, Madrid Attendance: 20,000 Referee: Adolf Prokop (East Germany)
	Pezzey 50' Hintermaier 68'	Report	Hamilton 27', 75'

4 July 1982 17:15 CEST	Northern Ireland	1–4	France	Estadio Vicente Calderón, Madrid Attendance: 37,000 Referee: Alojzy Jarguz (Poland)
	Armstrong 75'	Report	Giresse 33', 80' Rocheteau 46', 68'

Knockout stage [link]

Semi-finals			Final

8 July – Barcelona
Poland	0
Italy	2

			11 July – Madrid
			Italy	3
			West Germany	1


			Third place
8 July – Seville		10 July – Alicante
West Germany (pen.)	3 (5)	Poland	3
France	3 (4)		France	2

Semi-finals [link]

8 July 1982 17:15 CEST	Poland	0–2	Italy	Camp Nou, Barcelona Attendance: 50,000 Referee: Juan Daniel Cardellino (Uruguay)
		Report	Rossi 22', 73'

8 July 1982 21:00 CEST	West Germany	3 – 3 (a.e.t.)	France	Estadio Ramón Sánchez Pizjuán, Seville Attendance: 63,000 Referee: Charles Corver (Netherlands)
	Littbarski 17' Rummenigge 102' Fischer 108'	Report	Platini 26' (pen.) Trésor 92' Giresse 98'
		Penalties
	Kaltz Breitner Stielike Littbarski Rummenigge Hrubesch	5–4	Giresse Amoros Rocheteau Six Platini Bossis

Third place match [link]

10 July 1982 20:00 CEST	Poland	3–2	France	Estadio José Rico Pérez, Alicante Attendance: 28,000 Referee: António Garrido (Portugal)
	Szarmach 40' Majewski 44' Kupcewicz 46'	Report	Girard 13' Couriol 72'

Final [link]

Main article: 1982 FIFA World Cup Final

11 July 1982 20:00 CEST	Italy	3–1	West Germany	Estadio Santiago Bernabéu, Madrid Attendance: 90,000 Referee: Arnaldo Cézar Coelho (Brazil)
	Rossi 57' Tardelli 69' Altobelli 81'	Report	Breitner 83'

Statistics [link]

Goalscorers [link]

6 goals

Paolo Rossi

5 goals

Karl-Heinz Rummenigge

4 goals

3 goals

2 goals

1 goal

Own goals

Jozef Barmoš (for England)

Players who were red carded during the tournament

Awards [link]

The Golden Ball, awarded to the tournament's best player, was handed out for the first time.

Golden Ball: Paolo Rossi (Italy)
Golden Boot: Paolo Rossi (Italy)

FIFA Retrospective Ranking [link]

In 1986, FIFA published a report that ranked all teams in each World Cup up to and including 1986, based on progress in the competition, overall results and quality of the opposition.^[3] The rankings for the 1982 tournament were as follows:

Final

3rd and 4th place

Eliminated at the second group stage

Eliminated at the first group stage

Symbols [link]

Mascot [link]

The official mascot of this World Cup was Naranjito, an anthropomorphised orange, a typical fruit in Spain, wearing the kit of the host's national team. Its name comes from naranja, the Spanish word for orange, and the diminutive suffix "-ito".

Match ball [link]

The match ball for 1982 World Cup, manufactured by Adidas, was the Tango España.

References [link]

^ Booth, Lawrence; Smyth, Rob (11 August 2004). "What's the dodgiest game in football history?". guardian.co.uk (Guardian News and Media). Archived from the original on 6 October 2011. http://www.guardian.co.uk/football/2004/aug/11/theknowledge.sport. Retrieved 25 February 2009.
^ "World's worst refereeing decisions", BBC, 5 January 2005 Archived 6 October 2011 at WebCite
^ "page 45" (PDF). http://www.fifa.com/mm/document/afdeveloping/technicaldevp/50/09/00/fwc_mexico_1986_en_part4_279.pdf. Retrieved 2 March 2012.

External links [link]

v t e 1982 FIFA World Cup finalists

Champions	Italy

Runners-up	Germany FR

Third place	Poland

Fourth place	France

Eliminated in the second group stage	Argentina Austria Brazil Belgium England Northern Ireland Spain Soviet Union

Eliminated in the first group stage	Algeria Cameroon Chile Czechoslovakia El Salvador Honduras Hungary Kuwait New Zealand Peru Scotland Yugoslavia

Tournaments

Squads

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http://ru.wn.com/Чемпионат мира по футболу 1982

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http://pt.wn.com/Copa do Mundo FIFA de 1982

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This page contains text from Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1982_FIFA_World_Cup

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"Soccer world cup" redirects here. For the women's tournament, see FIFA Women's World Cup. For other uses, see World Cup.

FIFA World Cup
The current FIFA World Cup Trophy, awarded to the World Cup champions since 1974
Founded	1930
Region	International (FIFA)
Number of teams	32 (finals) 204 (qualifiers for 2010)
Current champions	Spain (1st title)
Most successful team	Brazil (5 titles)
Website	World Cup
2014 FIFA World Cup qualification

The FIFA World Cup, often simply the World Cup, is an international association football competition contested by the senior men's national teams of the members of Fédération Internationale de Football Association (FIFA), the sport's global governing body. The championship has been awarded every four years since the inaugural tournament in 1930, except in 1942 and 1946 when it was not held because of the Second World War. The current champions are Spain, who won the 2010 tournament.

The current format of the tournament involves 32 teams competing for the title at venues within the host nation(s) over a period of about a month this phase is often called the World Cup Finals. A qualification phase, which currently takes place over the preceding three years, is used to determine which teams qualify for the tournament together with the host nation(s).

The 19 World Cup tournaments have been won by eight different national teams. Brazil have won five times, and they are the only team to have played in every tournament. The other World Cup winners are Italy, with four titles; Germany, with three titles; Argentina and inaugural winners Uruguay, with two titles each; and England, France, and Spain, with one title each.

The World Cup is the world's most widely viewed sporting event; an estimated 715.1 million people watched the final match of the 2006 FIFA World Cup held in Germany.^[1]

The next three World Cups will be hosted by Brazil in 2014, Russia in 2018, and Qatar in 2022.

History [link]

Main article: History of the FIFA World Cup

Previous international competitions [link]

The world's first international football match was a challenge match played in Glasgow in 1872 between Scotland and England,^[2] which ended in a 0–0 draw. The first international tournament, the inaugural edition of the British Home Championship, took place in 1884.^[3] As football grew in popularity in other parts of the world at the turn of the 20th century, it was held as a demonstration sport with no medals awarded at the 1900 and 1904 Summer Olympics (however, the IOC has retroactively upgraded their status to official events), and at the 1906 Intercalated Games.^[4]

After FIFA was founded in 1904, it tried to arrange an international football tournament between nations outside the Olympic framework in Switzerland in 1906. These were very early days for international football, and the official history of FIFA describes the competition as having been a failure.^[5]

At the 1908 Summer Olympics in London, football became an official competition. Planned by The Football Association (FA), England's football governing body, the event was for amateur players only and was regarded suspiciously as a show rather than a competition. Great Britain (represented by the England national amateur football team) won the gold medals. They repeated the feat in 1912 in Stockholm.

With the Olympic event continuing to be contested only between amateur teams, Sir Thomas Lipton organised the Sir Thomas Lipton Trophy tournament in Turin in 1909. The Lipton tournament was a championship between individual clubs (not national teams) from different nations, each one of which represented an entire nation. The competition is sometimes described as The First World Cup,^[6] and featured the most prestigious professional club sides from Italy, Germany and Switzerland, but the FA of England refused to be associated with the competition and declined the offer to send a professional team. Lipton invited West Auckland, an amateur side from County Durham, to represent England instead. West Auckland won the tournament and returned in 1911 to successfully defend their title.

In 1914, FIFA agreed to recognise the Olympic tournament as a "world football championship for amateurs", and took responsibility for managing the event.^[7] This paved the way for the world's first intercontinental football competition, at the 1920 Summer Olympics, contested by Egypt and thirteen European teams, and won by Belgium.^[8] Uruguay won the next two Olympic football tournaments in 1924 and 1928. Those were also the first two open world championships, as 1924 was the start of FIFA's professional era.

Estadio Centenario, the location of the first World Cup final in 1930 in Montevideo, Uruguay

Due to the success of the Olympic football tournaments, FIFA, with President Jules Rimet the driving force, again started looking at staging its own international tournament outside of the Olympics. On 28 May 1928, the FIFA Congress in Amsterdam decided to stage a world championship itself.^[9] With Uruguay now two-time official football world champions and to celebrate their centenary of independence in 1930, FIFA named Uruguay as the host country of the inaugural World Cup tournament.

The national associations of selected nations were invited to send a team, but the choice of Uruguay as a venue for the competition meant a long and costly trip across the Atlantic Ocean for European sides. Indeed, no European country pledged to send a team until two months before the start of the competition. Rimet eventually persuaded teams from Belgium, France, Romania, and Yugoslavia to make the trip. In total thirteen nations took part: seven from South America, four from Europe and two from North America.

The first two World Cup matches took place simultaneously on 13 July 1930, and were won by France and USA, who defeated Mexico 4–1 and Belgium 3–0 respectively. The first goal in World Cup history was scored by Lucien Laurent of France.^[10] In the final, Uruguay defeated Argentina 4–2 in front of a crowd of 93,000 people in Montevideo, and in doing so became the first nation to win the World Cup.^[11]

World Cups before World War II [link]

After the creation of the World Cup, the 1932 Summer Olympics, held in Los Angeles, did not plan to include football as part of the schedule due to the low popularity of the sport in the United States, as American football had been growing in popularity. FIFA and the IOC also disagreed over the status of amateur players, and so football was dropped from the Games.^[12] Olympic football returned at the 1936 Summer Olympics, but was now overshadowed by the more prestigious World Cup.

The issues facing the early World Cup tournaments were the difficulties of intercontinental travel, and war. Few South American teams were willing to travel to Europe for the 1934 and 1938 tournaments, with Brazil the only South American team to compete in both. The 1942 and 1946 competitions, which Nazi Germany and Brazil sought to host,^[13] were cancelled due to World War II and its aftermath.

World Cups after World War II [link]

The 1950 World Cup, held in Brazil, was the first to include British participants. British teams withdrew from FIFA in 1920, partly out of unwillingness to play against the countries they had been at war with, and partly as a protest against foreign influence on football,^[14] but rejoined in 1946 following FIFA's invitation.^[15] The tournament also saw the return of 1930 champions Uruguay, who had boycotted the previous two World Cups. Uruguay won the tournament again after defeating the host nation Brazil, in the match called "Maracanazo" (Portuguese: Maracanaço).

In the tournaments between 1934 and 1978, 16 teams competed in each tournament, except in 1938, when Austria was absorbed into Germany after qualifying, leaving the tournament with 15 teams, and in 1950, when India, Scotland and Turkey withdrew, leaving the tournament with 13 teams.^[16] Most of the participating nations were from Europe and South America, with a small minority from North America, Africa, Asia and Oceania. These teams were usually defeated easily by the European and South American teams. Until 1982, the only teams from outside Europe and South America to advance out of the first round were: USA, semi-finalists in 1930; Cuba, quarter-finalists in 1938; Korea DPR, quarter-finalists in 1966; and Mexico, quarter-finalists in 1970.

Expansion to 32 teams [link]

The tournament was expanded to 24 teams in 1982,^[17] and then to 32 in 1998,^[18] allowing more teams from Africa, Asia and North America to take part. In recent years, teams from these regions have enjoyed more success, and those who have reached the quarter-finals include: Mexico, quarter-finalists in 1986; Cameroon, quarter-finalists in 1990; Korea Republic, finishing in fourth place in 2002; Senegal, along with USA, both quarter-finalists in 2002; and Ghana as quarter-finalists in 2010. Nevertheless, European and South American teams continue to dominate, e.g., the quarter-finalists in 1998 and 2006 were all from Europe or South America.

Two hundred teams entered the 2002 FIFA World Cup qualification rounds; 198 nations attempted to qualify for the 2006 FIFA World Cup, while a record 204 countries entered qualification for the 2010 FIFA World Cup.^[19]

Other FIFA tournaments [link]

An equivalent tournament for women's football, the FIFA Women's World Cup, was first held in 1991 in the People's Republic of China.^[20] The women's tournament is smaller in scale and profile than the men's, but is growing; the number of entrants for the 2007 tournament was 120, more than double that of 1991.

Football has been included in every Summer Olympic Games except 1896 and 1932. Unlike many other sports, the men's football tournament at the Olympics is not a top-level tournament, and since 1992, an under-23 tournament with each team allowed three over-age players.^[21] Women's football made its Olympic debut in 1996, and is contested between full national sides with no age restrictions.

The FIFA Confederations Cup is a tournament held one year before the World Cup at the World Cup host nation(s) as a dress-rehearsal for the upcoming World Cup. It is contested by the winners of each of the six FIFA confederation championships, along with the FIFA World Cup champion and the host country.^[22]

FIFA also organises international tournaments for youth football (FIFA U-20 World Cup, FIFA U-17 World Cup, FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup, FIFA U-17 Women's World Cup), club football (FIFA Club World Cup), and football variants such as futsal (FIFA Futsal World Cup) and beach soccer (FIFA Beach Soccer World Cup).

Trophy [link]

Main article: FIFA World Cup Trophy

The FIFA World Cup Trophy on a German stamp

From 1930 to 1970, the Jules Rimet Trophy was awarded to the World Cup winner. It was originally simply known as the World Cup or Coupe du Monde, but in 1946 it was renamed after the FIFA president Jules Rimet who set up the first tournament. In 1970, Brazil's third victory in the tournament entitled them to keep the trophy permanently. However, the trophy was stolen in 1983, and has never been recovered, apparently melted down by the thieves.^[23]

After 1970, a new trophy, known as the FIFA World Cup Trophy, was designed. The experts of FIFA, coming from seven different countries, evaluated the 53 presented models, finally opting for the work of the Italian designer Silvio Gazzaniga. The new trophy is 36 cm (14.2 in) high, made of solid 18 carat (75%) gold and weighs 6.175 kg (13.6 lb). The base contains two layers of semi-precious malachite while the bottom side of the trophy bears the engraved year and name of each FIFA World Cup winner since 1974. The description of the trophy by Gazzaniga was: "The lines spring out from the base, rising in spirals, stretching out to receive the world. From the remarkable dynamic tensions of the compact body of the sculpture rise the figures of two athletes at the stirring moment of victory."^[24]

This new trophy is not awarded to the winning nation permanently. World Cup winners retain the trophy until the next tournament and are awarded a gold-plated replica rather than the solid gold original.^[25]

At the present, all members (players, coaches, and managers) of the top three teams receive medals with an insignia of the World Cup Trophy; winners' (gold), runner-ups' (silver), and third-place (bronze). In the 2002 edition, fourth-place medals were awarded to hosts South Korea. Prior to the 1978 tournament, medals were only awarded to the eleven players on the pitch at the end of the final and the third-place match. In November 2007, FIFA announced that all members of World Cup-winning squads between 1930 and 1974 were to be retroactively awarded winners' medals.^[26]^[27]^[28]

Format [link]

Qualification [link]

Main article: FIFA World Cup qualification

Since the second World Cup in 1934, qualifying tournaments have been held to thin the field for the final tournament.^[29] They are held within the six FIFA continental zones (Africa, Asia, North and Central America and Caribbean, South America, Oceania, and Europe), overseen by their respective confederations. For each tournament, FIFA decides the number of places awarded to each of the continental zones beforehand, generally based on the relative strength of the confederations' teams.

The qualification process can start as early as almost three years before the final tournament and last over a two-year period. The formats of the qualification tournaments differ between confederations. Usually, one or two places are awarded to winners of intercontinental play-offs. For example, the winner of the Oceanian zone and the fifth-placed team from the Asian zone entered a play-off for a spot in the 2010 World Cup.^[30] From the 1938 World Cup onwards, host nations received automatic qualification to the final tournament. This right was also granted to the defending champions between 1938 and 2002, but was withdrawn from the 2006 FIFA World Cup onward, requiring the champions to qualify. Brazil, winners in 2002, were the first defending champions to play qualifying matches.^[31]

Final tournament [link]

For the various formats used in previous tournaments, see History of the FIFA World Cup#Format of each final tournament.

The current final tournament features 32 national teams competing over a month in the host nation(s). There are two stages: the group stage followed by the knockout stage.^[32]

In the group stage, teams compete within eight groups of four teams each. Eight teams are seeded, including the hosts, with the other seeded teams selected using a formula based on the FIFA World Rankings and/or performances in recent World Cups, and drawn to separate groups.^[33] The other teams are assigned to different "pots", usually based on geographical criteria, and teams in each pot are drawn at random to the eight groups. Since 1998, constraints have been applied to the draw to ensure that no group contains more than two European teams or more than one team from any other confederation.^[34]

Each group plays a round-robin tournament, in which each team is scheduled for three matches against other teams in the same group. The last round of matches of each group is scheduled at the same time to preserve fairness among all four teams.^[35] The top two teams from each group advance to the knockout stage. Points are used to rank the teams within a group. Since 1994, three points have been awarded for a win, one for a draw and none for a loss (before, winners received two points).

The ranking of each team in each group is determined as follows:^[36]

Greatest number of points in group matches
Greatest goal difference in group matches
Greatest number of goals scored in group matches
If more than one team remain level after applying the above criteria, their ranking will be determined as follows:
1. Greatest number of points in head-to-head matches among those teams
2. Greatest goal difference in head-to-head matches among those teams
3. Greatest number of goals scored in head-to-head matches among those teams
If any of the teams above remain level after applying the above criteria, their ranking will be determined by the drawing of lots

The knockout stage is a single-elimination tournament in which teams play each other in one-off matches, with extra time and penalty shootouts used to decide the winner if necessary. It begins with the round of 16 (or the second round) in which the winner of each group plays against the runner-up of another group. This is followed by the quarter-finals, the semi-finals, the third-place match (contested by the losing semi-finalists), and the final.^[32]

Hosts [link]

Main article: FIFA World Cup hosts

Selection process [link]

Wikinews has related news: FIFA receives eleven bids for 2018 and 2022 World Cups

Early World Cups were given to countries at meetings of FIFA's congress. The locations were controversial because South America and Europe were by far the two centres of strength in football and travel between them required three weeks by boat. The decision to hold the first World Cup in Uruguay, for example, led to only four European nations competing.^[37] The next two World Cups were both held in Europe. The decision to hold the second of these in France was disputed, as the South American countries understood that the location would alternate between the two continents. Both Argentina and Uruguay thus boycotted the 1938 FIFA World Cup.^[38]

Since the 1958 FIFA World Cup, to avoid future boycotts or controversy, FIFA began a pattern of alternating the hosts between the Americas and Europe, which continued until the 1998 FIFA World Cup. The 2002 FIFA World Cup, hosted jointly by South Korea and Japan, was the first one held in Asia, and the only tournament with multiple hosts.^[39] South Africa became the first African nation to host the World Cup in 2010. The 2014 FIFA World Cup will be hosted by Brazil, the first held in South America since 1978,^[40] and will be the first occasion where consecutive World Cups are held outside Europe.

The host country is now chosen in a vote by FIFA's Executive Committee. This is done under an exhaustive ballot system. The national football association of a country desiring to host the event receives a "Hosting Agreement" from FIFA, which explains the steps and requirements that are expected from a strong bid. The bidding association also receives a form, the submission of which represents the official confirmation of the candidacy. After this, a FIFA designated group of inspectors visit the country to identify that the country meets the requirements needed to host the event and a report on the country is produced. The decision on who will host the World Cup is usually made six or seven years in advance of the tournament. However, there have been occasions where the hosts of multiple future tournaments were announced at the same time, as was the case for the 2018 and 2022 World Cups, which were awarded to Russia and Qatar respectively.

For the 2010 and 2014 World Cups, the final tournament is rotated between confederations, allowing only countries from the chosen confederation (Africa in 2010, South America in 2014) to bid to host the tournament. The rotation policy was introduced after the controversy surrounding Germany's victory over South Africa in the vote to host the 2006 tournament. However, the policy of continental rotation will not continue beyond 2014, so any country, except those belonging to confederations that hosted the two preceding tournaments, can apply as hosts for World Cups starting from 2018.^[41] This is partly to avoid a similar scenario to the bidding process for the 2014 tournament, where Brazil was the only official bidder.

Performances [link]

Six of the eight champions have won one of their titles while playing in their own homeland, the exceptions being Brazil, who finished as runners-up after losing the deciding match on home soil in 1950, and Spain, which reached the second round on home soil in 1982. England (1966) and France (1998) won their only titles while playing as host nations. Uruguay (1930), Italy (1934) and Argentina (1978) won their first titles as host nations but have gone on to win again, while Germany (1974) won their second title on home soil.

Other nations have also been successful when hosting the tournament. Sweden (runners-up in 1958), Chile (third place in 1962), Korea Republic (fourth place in 2002), and Mexico (quarter-finals in 1970 and 1986) all have their best results when serving as hosts. So far, South Africa (2010) was the only host nation to fail to advance beyond the first round.

Organisation and media coverage [link]

The World Cup was first televised in 1954 and is now the most widely viewed and followed sporting event in the world, exceeding even the Olympic Games. The cumulative audience of all matches of the 2006 World Cup is estimated to be 26.29 billion.^[1] 715.1 million individuals watched the final match of this tournament (a ninth of the entire population of the planet). The 2006 World Cup draw, which decided the distribution of teams into groups, was watched by 300 million viewers.^[42]

Each FIFA World Cup since 1966 has its own mascot or logo. World Cup Willie, the mascot for the 1966 competition, was the first World Cup mascot.^[43] Recent World Cups have also featured official match balls specially designed for each World Cup.

Results [link]

Titles by team [link]

Map of winning countries

Brazil: 5
Italy: 4
Germany: 3 (As West Germany)
Argentina: 2
Uruguay: 2
England: 1
France: 1
Spain: 1

Teams reaching the top four [link]

Team	Titles	Runners-up	Third place	Fourth place	Total finishes in top four
Brazil	5 (1958, 1962, 1970, 1994, 2002)	2 (1950 *, 1998)	2 (1938, 1978)	1 (1974)	10
Italy	4 (1934 *, 1938, 1982, 2006)	2 (1970, 1994)	1 (1990 *)	1 (1978)	8
Germany ^	3 (1954, 1974 *, 1990)	4 (1966, 1982, 1986, 2002)	4 (1934, 1970, 2006*, 2010)	1 (1958)	12
Argentina	2 (1978 *, 1986)	2 (1930, 1990)	—	—	4
Uruguay	2 (1930 *, 1950)	—	—	3 (1954, 1970, 2010)	5
France	1 (1998 *)	1 (2006)	2 (1958, 1986)	1 (1982)	5
England	1 (1966 *)	—	—	1 (1990)	2
Spain	1 (2010)	—	—	1 (1950)	2
Netherlands	—	3 (1974, 1978, 2010)	—	1 (1998)	4
Czechoslovakia^#	—	2 (1934, 1962)	—	—	2
Hungary	—	2 (1938, 1954)	—	—	2
Sweden	—	1 (1958 *)	2 (1950, 1994)	1 (1938)	4
Poland	—	—	2 (1974, 1982)	—	2
Austria	—	—	1 (1954)	1 (1934)	2
Portugal	—	—	1 (1966)	1 (2006)	2
United States	—	—	1 (1930)	—	1
Chile	—	—	1 (1962 *)	—	1
Croatia	—	—	1 (1998)	—	1
Turkey	—	—	1 (2002)	—	1
Yugoslavia^#	—	—	—	2 (1930, 1962)	2
Soviet Union^#	—	—	—	1 (1966)	1
Belgium	—	—	—	1 (1986)	1
Bulgaria	—	—	—	1 (1994)	1
South Korea	—	—	—	1 (2002 *)	1

* = hosts

^ = includes results representing West Germany between 1954 and 1990

^# = states that have since split into two or more independent nations^[48]

Best performances by continental zones [link]

To date, the final of the World Cup has only been contested by European and South American teams. European nations have won ten titles; South American teams have won nine. Only two teams from outside these two continents have ever reached the semi-finals of the competition: USA (North, Central America and Caribbean) in 1930 and Korea Republic (Asia) who reached the semis in 2002. The best result of an African team is reaching the quarter-finals: Cameroon in 1990, Senegal in 2002 and Ghana in 2010. Only one Oceanian qualifier, Australia in 2006, has advanced to the second round.^[50]

Brazil, Argentina, and Spain are the only teams to win a World Cup outside their continental confederation; Brazil came out victorious in Europe (1958), North America (1970 and 1994) and Asia (2002), Argentina won a North American World Cup in 1986, while Spain won the only African World Cup in 2010. Only on three occasions have consecutive World Cups been won by teams from the same continent – Italy and Brazil successfully defended their titles in 1938 and 1962 respectively, while Spain's 2010 triumph followed Italy's in 2006.

Awards [link]

Main article: FIFA World Cup awards

At the end of each World Cup, awards are presented to the players and teams for accomplishments other than their final team positions in the tournament. There are currently six awards:^[51]

The Golden Ball for the best player, determined by a vote of media members (first awarded in 1982); the Silver Ball and the Bronze Ball are awarded to the players finishing second and third in the voting respectively;^[52]
The Golden Boot (sometimes called the Golden Shoe) for the top goalscorer (first awarded in 1982, but retrospectively applied to all tournaments from 1930); most recently, the Silver Boot and the Bronze Boot have been awarded to the second and third top goalscorers respectively;^[53]
The Golden Glove Award (formerly the Yashin Award) for the best goalkeeper, decided by the FIFA Technical Study Group (first awarded in 1994);^[54]
The Best Young Player Award for the best player aged 21 or younger at the start of the calendar year, decided by the FIFA Technical Study Group (first awarded in 2006).^[55]
The FIFA Fair Play Trophy for the team with the best record of fair play, according to the points system and criteria established by the FIFA Fair Play Committee (first awarded in 1978);^[55]
The Most Entertaining Team for the team that has entertained the public the most during the World Cup, determined by a poll of the general public (first awarded in 1994);^[55]

An All-Star Team consisting of the best players of the tournament has also been announced for each tournament since 1998.

Records and statistics [link]

Main article: FIFA World Cup records

Two players share the record for playing in the most World Cups; Mexico's Antonio Carbajal (1950–1966) and Germany's Lothar Matthäus (1982–1998) both played in five tournaments.^[56] Matthäus has played the most World Cup matches overall, with 25 appearances.^[57] West Germany's Franz Beckenbauer (1966–1974) is the only player to be named to three Finals All-Star Teams.

In November 2007, FIFA announced that all members of World Cup-winning squads between 1930 and 1974 were to be retroactively awarded winners' medals.^[58] This made Brazil's Pelé the only player to have won three World Cup winners' medals (1958, 1962, and 1970, although he did not play in the 1962 final due to injury),^[59] with 20 other players who have won two winners' medals. Six players have collected all three types of World Cup medals (winners', runner- ups', and third-place); five players were from West Germany's squad of 1966–1974 including Franz Beckenbauer, and the most recent has been Italy's Franco Baresi (1982, 1990, 1994).

The overall top goalscorer in World Cups is Brazil's Ronaldo, scorer of 15 goals (1998–2006). Germany's Miroslav Klose (2002–2010) and West Germany's Gerd Müller (1970–1974) are second, with 14 goals.^[60] The fourth placed goalscorer, France's Just Fontaine, holds the record for the most goals scored in a single World Cup; all his 13 goals were scored in the 1958 tournament.^[61]

Brazil's Mário Zagallo and West Germany's Franz Beckenbauer are the only people to date to win the World Cup as both player and head coach. Zagallo won in 1958 and 1962 as a player and in 1970 as head coach.^[62] Beckenbauer won in 1974 as captain and in 1990 as head coach.^[63] Italy's Vittorio Pozzo is the only head coach to ever win two World Cups (1934 and 1938).^[64] All World Cup winning head coaches were natives of the country they coached to victory.

Among the national teams, Germany have played the most World Cup matches, with 99,^[65] while Brazil have scored the most World Cup goals, with 210.^[66] The two teams have played each other only once in the World Cup, in the 2002 final.

Notes and references [link]

^ ^a ^b "2006 FIFA World Cup broadcast wider, longer and farther than ever before". FIFA.com. Fédération Internationale de Football Association. http://www.fifa.com/aboutfifa/organisation/marketing/news/newsid=111247/index.html. Retrieved 11 October 2009.
^ "England National Football Team Match No. 1". England Football Online. http://www.englandfootballonline.com/Seas1872-00/1872-73/M0001Sco1872.html. Retrieved 19 November 2007.
^ "British PM backs return of Home Nations championship". Agence France-Presse. http://www.soccerway.com/news/2007/November/22/british-pm-backs-return-of-home-nations-championship. Retrieved 16 December 2007.
^ Elbech, Søren; Stokkermans, Karel (26 June 2008). "Intermediate Games of the IV. Olympiad". rec.sport.soccer Statistics Foundation. http://www.rsssf.com/tableso/ol1906f.html.
^ "History of FIFA – FIFA takes shape". FIFA.com. Fédération Internationale de Football Association. http://www.fifa.com/classicfootball/history/fifa/historyfifa2.html. Retrieved 19 November 2007.
^ "'The First World Cup'. The Sir Thomas Lipton Trophy". Shrewsbury and Atcham Borough Council. 10 October 2003. Archived from the original on 29 November 2003. http://web.archive.org/web/20031129221811/http://www.shrewsbury.gov.uk/Public/news/thomaslipton.htm. Retrieved 11 April 2006.
^ "History of FIFA – More associations follow". FIFA.com. Fédération Internationale de Football Association. http://www.fifa.com/classicfootball/history/fifa/historyfifa3.html. Retrieved 19 November 2007.
^ Reyes, Macario (18 October 1999). "VII. Olympiad Antwerp 1920 Football Tournament". rec.sport.soccer Statistics Foundation. http://www.rsssf.com/tableso/ol1920f-det.html. Retrieved 10 June 2006.
^ "History of FIFA – The first FIFA World Cup". FIFA.com. Fédération Internationale de Football Association. 19 November 2007. http://www.fifa.com/classicfootball/history/fifa/historyfifa4.html.
^ Molinaro, John F. "Lucien Laurent: The World Cup's First Goal Scorer". CBC. http://www.cbc.ca/sports/worldcup2006/history/events/laurent_lucien.html. Retrieved 6 May 2007.
^ "FIFA World Cup Origin" (PDF). FIFA.com. Fédération Internationale de Football Association. http://www.fifa.com/mm/document/fifafacts/mcwc/ip-201_02e_fwc-origin_8816.pdf. Retrieved 19 November 2007.
^ "The Olympic Odyssey so far... (Part 1: 1908–1964)". FIFA.com. Fédération Internationale de Football Association. http://www.fifa.com/tournaments/archive/tournament=512/edition=8229/news/newsid=92851.html. Retrieved 8 January 2008.
^ "Los datos más curiosos de la Fiesta del Fútbol - Brasil 1950 [The most curious of the Festival of Football - Brazil 1950]" (in Spanish). cristal.com. http://www.cristal.com.pe/articulo/los-datos-mas-curiosos-de-la-fiesta-del-futbol-brasil-1950. Retrieved ‎17 ‎April ‎2012.
^ "Scotland and the 1950 World Cup". BBC. http://www.bbc.co.uk/scotland/sportscotland/asportingnation/article/0001/index.shtml. Retrieved 2007-05-13.
^ Glanville
^ Glanville, p45
^ Glanville, p238
^ Glanville, p359
^ "Record number of 204 teams enter preliminary competition". FIFA.com. Fédération Internationale de Football Association. Archived from the original on 17 November 2007. http://web.archive.org/web/20071117123621/http://www.fifa.com/worldcup/organisation/media/newsid=122766.html. Retrieved 19 November 2007.
^ "FIFA Women's World Cup". FIFA.com. Fédération Internationale de Football Association. http://www.fifa.com/womenworldcup/index.html. Retrieved 22 December 2007.
^ "Regulations Men's Olympic Football Tournament 2008" (PDF). FIFA.com. Fédération Internationale de Football Association. http://www.fifa.com/mm/document/tournament/competition/regulations_olympics_beijing_2008_en_6198.pdf. Retrieved 22 December 2007.
^ "FIFA Confederations Cup". FIFA.com. Fédération Internationale de Football Association. http://www.fifa.com/confederationcup/index.html. Retrieved 22 December 2007.
^ "Jules Rimet Trophy". FIFA.com. Fédération Internationale de Football Association. http://www.fifa.com/classicfootball/history/worldcup/julesrimettrophy.html. Retrieved 19 November 2007.
^ "FIFA World Cup Trophy". FIFA.com. Fédération Internationale de Football Association. http://www.fifa.com/classicfootball/history/worldcup/trophies.html. Retrieved 19 November 2007.
^ "FIFA Assets – Trophy". FIFA.com. Fédération Internationale de Football Association. Archived from the original on 4 November 2007. http://web.archive.org/web/20071104165903/http://www.fifa.com/aboutfifa/marketingtv/marketing/fifaassets/trophy.html. Retrieved 19 November 2007.
^ "122 forgotten heroes get World Cup medals". ESPNSoccernet.com (ESPN). 25 November 2007. http://soccernet.espn.go.com/news/story?id=484715&cc=4716.
^ "World Cup 1966 winners honoured". BBC Sport. 10 June 2009. http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/hi/football/8093891.stm.
^ "Jimmy Greaves finally gets his 1966 World Cup medal". Mirror.co.uk (MGN). http://www.mirror.co.uk/news/top-stories/2009/06/11/greavsie-gets-66-medal-115875-21431367/.
^ "FIFA World Cup qualifying: Treasure-trove of the weird and wonderful". FIFA. http://www.fifa.com/worldcup/preliminarydraw/news/newsid=576440.html. Retrieved 23 December 2007.
^ "2010 World Cup Qualifying". ESPNSoccernet.com (ESPN). 26 November 2009. http://soccernet.espn.go.com/print?id=468907&type=story&cc=. Retrieved 23 December 2009.
^ "History of the FIFA World Cup Preliminary Competition (by year)" (PDF). FIFA.com. Fédération Internationale de Football Association. http://www.fifa.com/mm/document/fifafacts/mencompwc/51/97/75/fs-201_19a_fwc-prel-history.pdf.
^ ^a ^b "Formats of the FIFA World Cup final competitions 1930–2010" (PDF). FIFA.com. Fédération Internationale de Football Association. http://www.fifa.com/mm/document/fifafacts/mcwc/ip-201_04e_fwc_formats_slots_8821.pdf. Retrieved 1 January 2008.
^ "FIFA World Cup: seeded teams 1930–2010" (PDF). FIFA.com. Fédération Internationale de Football Association. http://www.fifa.com/mm/document/fifafacts/mencompwc/82/40/89/fs-201_12a_fwc-seededteams.pdf.
^ Previously, due to there being fewer finals places and a bigger ratio of European finalists, there had been several occasions where three European teams were in a single group, for example, 1986 (West Germany, Scotland, and Denmark), 1990 (Italy, Czechoslovakia, and Austria), and 1994 (Italy, Republic of Ireland, and Norway). ("History of the World Cup Final Draw" (PDF). FIFA.com. Fédération Internationale de Football Association. http://www.fifa.com/mm/document/fifafacts/mcwc/ip-201_10e-fwcdraw-history_52560.pdf. )
^ This practice has been installed since the 1986 FIFA World Cup. In some cases during previous tournaments, for example, Argentina 6–0 Peru in Argentina 1978 and West Germany 1–0 Austria in Spain 1982, teams that played the latter match were perceived to gain an unfair advantage by knowing the score of the earlier match, and subsequently obtaining a result that ensured advancement to the next stage. ("1978 Argentina". CBC. http://www.cbc.ca/sports/worldcup2006/history/events/1978.html. ; "1982 Spain". CBC. http://www.cbc.ca/sports/worldcup2006/history/events/1982.html. )
^ "Regulations of the 2010 FIFA World Cup" (PDF). FIFA.com. Fédération Internationale de Football Association. p. 41. http://www.fifa.com/mm/document/tournament/competition/fifa%5fwc%5fsouth%5fafrica%5f2010%5fregulations%5fen%5f14123.pdf. Retrieved 21 June 2010.
^ "Uruguay 1930". BBC Sport. 11 April 2002. http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport3/worldcup2002/hi/history/newsid_1632000/1632201.stm. Retrieved 13 May 2006.
^ "France 1938". BBC Sport. 17 April 2002. http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport3/worldcup2002/hi/history/newsid_1632000/1632206.stm. Retrieved 13 May 2006.
^ "Asia takes World Cup center stage". CNN. 3 June 2002. http://sportsillustrated.cnn.com/soccer/world/2002/world_cup/news/2002/06/03/au_asia_rb/. Retrieved 1 January 2008.
^ "Brazil will stage 2014 World Cup". BBC Sport. 10 October 2007. http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/internationals/7068848.stm. Retrieved 1 January 2008.
^ "Rotation ends in 2018". FIFA.com. Fédération Internationale de Football Association. Archived from the original on 1 November 2007. http://web.archive.org/web/20071101002817/http://www.fifa.com/aboutfifa/federation/administration/releases/newsid=625122.html. Retrieved 10 October 2007.
^ "Socceroos face major challenge: Hiddink". ABC Sport. 10 December 2005. Archived from the original on 30 April 2006. http://web.archive.org/web/20060430001531/http://www.abc.net.au/sport/content/200512/s1528128.htm. Retrieved 13 May 2006.
^ "FIFA Assets – Mascots". FIFA.com. Fédération Internationale de Football Association. Archived from the original on 4 November 2007. http://web.archive.org/web/20071104232128/http://fifa.com/aboutfifa/marketingtv/marketing/fifaassets/mascots.html. Retrieved 19 November 2007.
^ "1930 FIFA World Cup". FIFA.com. Fédération Internationale de Football Association. http://www.fifa.com/worldcup/archive/edition=1/index.html. Retrieved 5 March 2009.
^ "1950 FIFA World Cup". FIFA.com. Fédération Internationale de Football Association. http://www.fifa.com/worldcup/archive/edition=7/overview.html. Retrieved 5 March 2009.
^ "FIFA World Cup Finals since 1930" (PDF). FIFA.com. Fédération Internationale de Football Association. http://www.fifa.com/mm/document/fifafacts/mcwc/ip-301_09a_wc-finals_alltime_8864.pdf. Retrieved 5 March 2009.
^ "1950 FIFA World Cup". FIFA.com. Fédération Internationale de Football Association. http://www.fifa.com/worldcup/archive/edition=7/teams/index.html. Retrieved 15 August 2011.
^ ^a ^b FIFA considers that the national team of Russia succeeds the USSR, the national team of Serbia succeeds the Yugoslavia/Serbia and Montenegro, and the national team of Czech Republic succeeds the Czechoslovakia. ("Russia". FIFA.com. Fédération Internationale de Football Association. http://www.fifa.com/associations/association=rus/index.html. ; "Serbia". FIFA.com. Fédération Internationale de Football Association. http://www.fifa.com/associations/association=srb/index.html. ; "Czech Republic". FIFA.com. Fédération Internationale de Football Association. http://www.fifa.com/associations/association=cze/index.html. ).
^ "Brazil". FIFA.com. Fédération Internationale de Football Association. http://www.fifa.com/associations/association=bra/index.html.
^ Australia's qualification in 2006 was through the Oceanian zone as they were a member of the OFC member during qualifying. However, on 1 January 2006, they left the Oceania Football Confederation and joined the Asian Football Confederation.
^ "FIFA World Cup awards". FIFA.com. Fédération Internationale de Football Association. http://www.fifa.com/mm/document/fifafacts/mcwc/ip-301_03a_fwc-awards_22643.pdf. Retrieved 5 March 2009.
^ "Golden Ball for Zinedine Zidane". Soccerway. 10 July 2006. http://www.soccerway.com/news/2006/July/10/golden-ball-for-zinedine-zidane/. Retrieved 31 December 2007.
^ "adidas Golden Shoe – FIFA World Cup Final". FIFA.com. Fédération Internationale de Football Association. http://www.fifa.com/classicfootball/awards/golden/award=gsa/idcup=17/pastcupawards.html. Retrieved 4 March 2009.
^ "Kahn named top keeper". BBC Sport. 30 June 2002. http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport3/worldcup2002/hi/team_pages/germany/newsid_2075000/2075695.stm. Retrieved 31 December 2007.
^ ^a ^b ^c Pierrend, José Luis (18 May 2007). "FIFA Awards". rec.sport.soccer Statistics Foundation. http://www.rsssf.com/miscellaneous/fifa-awards.html. Retrieved 8 January 2008.
^ Yannis, Alex (10 November 1999). "Matthaus Is the Latest MetroStars Savior". New York Times. http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9C00EFD8103AF933A25752C1A96F958260. Retrieved 23 December 2007.
^ "World Cup Hall of Fame: Lothar Matthaeus". CNN. http://sportsillustrated.cnn.com/soccer/world/2002/world_cup/hof/matthaeus/. Retrieved 23 December 2007.
^ ("122 forgotten heroes get World Cup medals". ESPNSoccernet.com, (ESPN). 25 November 2007. http://soccernet.espn.go.com/news/story?id=484715&cc=4716. )
^ Kirby, Gentry (5 July 2006). "Pele, King of Futbol". ESPN. http://sports.espn.go.com/espn/classic/bio/news/story?page=Pele. Retrieved 23 December 2007.
^ Chowdhury, Saj (27 June 2006). "Ronaldo's riposte". BBC Sport. http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/world_cup_2006/teams/brazil/5112982.stm. Retrieved 23 December 2007.
^ "Goal machine was Just superb". BBC Sport. 4 April 2002. http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport3/worldcup2002/hi/team_pages/france/newsid_1752000/1752740.stm. Retrieved 23 December 2007.
^ Hughes, Rob (11 March 1998). "No Alternative to Victory for National Coach : 150 Million Brazilians Keep Heat on Zagalo". International Herald Tribune. Archived from the original on 26 February 2008. http://web.archive.org/web/20080226063509/http://www.iht.com/articles/1998/03/11/soccer.t_7.php. Retrieved 31 December 2007.
^ Brewin, John (21 December 2007). "World Cup Legends – Franz Beckenbauer". ESPNSoccernet.com (ESPN). http://soccernet.espn.go.com/archive/worldcup/editorial/legends_beckenbauer.html. Retrieved 31 December 2007.
^ "1938 France". CBC. http://www.cbc.ca/sports/worldcup2006/history/events/1938.html. Retrieved 31 December 2007.
^ "Germany move ahead of Brazil". FIFA.com. Fédération Internationale de Football Association. Archived from the original on 9 July 2010. http://web.archive.org/web/20100709063123/http://www.fifa.com/worldcup/news/newsid=1269182/index.html?. Retrieved 6 July 2010.
^ "Planet World Cup – All time table". Planet World Cup. http://www.planetworldcup.com/NATIONS/maraton.html. Retrieved 26 January 2008.

Bibliography [link]

Glanville, Brian (2005). The Story of the World Cup. Faber. p. 44. ISBN 0-571-22944-1.

External links [link]

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v t e FIFA World Cup · Champions

	1930: Uruguay 1934: Italy 1938: Italy 1950: Uruguay 1954: West Germany 1958: Brazil 1962: Brazil 1966: England 1970: Brazil 1974: West Germany 1978: Argentina 1982: Italy 1986: Argentina 1990: West Germany 1994: Brazil 1998: France 2002: Brazil 2006: Italy 2010: Spain

FIFA World Cup

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Year	Host	Winners	Score	Runners-up	Third place	Score	Fourth place	Number of teams
1930 Details	Uruguay	Uruguay	4–2	Argentina	United States	^{[note 1]}	Yugoslavia	13
1934 Details	Italy	Italy	2–1 (aet)	Czechoslovakia	Germany	3–2	Austria	16
1938 Details	France	Italy	4–2	Hungary	Brazil	4–2	Sweden	16/15 ^{[note 2]}
1950 Details	Brazil	Uruguay	^{[note 3]}	Brazil	Sweden	^{[note 3]}	Spain	16/13 ^{[note 4]}
1954 Details	Switzerland	West Germany	3–2	Hungary	Austria	3–1	Uruguay	16
1958 Details	Sweden	Brazil	5–2	Sweden	France	6–3	West Germany	16
1962 Details	Chile	Brazil	3–1	Czechoslovakia	Chile	1–0	Yugoslavia	16
1966 Details	England	England	4–2 (aet)	West Germany	Portugal	2–1	30x27px Soviet Union	16
1970 Details	Mexico	Brazil	4–1	Italy	West Germany	1–0	Uruguay	16
1974 Details	West Germany	West Germany	2–1	Netherlands	Poland	1–0	Brazil	16
1978 Details	Argentina	Argentina	3–1 (aet)	Netherlands	Brazil	2–1	Italy	16
1982 Details	Spain	Italy	3–1	West Germany	Poland	3–2	France	24
1986 Details	Mexico	Argentina	3–2	West Germany	France	4–2 (aet)	Belgium	24
1990 Details	Italy	West Germany	1–0	Argentina	Italy	2–1	England	24
1994 Details	United States	Brazil	0–0 (3–2p)	Italy	Sweden	4–0	Bulgaria	24
1998 Details	France	France	3–0	Brazil	Croatia	2–1	Netherlands	32
2002 Details	South Korea & Japan	Brazil	2–0	Germany	Turkey	3–2	South Korea	32
2006 Details	Germany	Italy	1–1 (5–3p)	France	Germany	3–1	Portugal	32
2010 Details	South Africa	Spain	1–0 (aet)	Netherlands	Germany	3–2	Uruguay	32

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