Lieutenant general is a military rank used in many countries. The rank traces its origins to the Middle Ages where the title of lieutenant general was held by the second in command on the battlefield, who was normally subordinate to a captain general.^{[citation needed]}

In modern armies, lieutenant general normally ranks immediately below general and above major general; it is equivalent to the navy rank of vice admiral, and in air forces with a separate rank structure, it is equivalent to air marshal. A lieutenant general heads up an army corps, made up of typically three army divisions, and consisting of around 60,000 soldiers.

The term major general is a shortened version of the previous term sergeant major general, which was also subordinate to lieutenant general. This is why a lieutenant general outranks a major general, whereas a major is senior to a lieutenant.

In many countries, the rank of corps general has replaced the earlier rank of lieutenant general (e.g. France, Italy). (The ranks of corps general and lieutenant colonel general are intended to solve the apparent lieutenant general / major general anomaly). However, for convenience, this is often translated into English as lieutenant general.

In Argentina, lieutenant general is the highest army rank in use. The highest rank is theoretically captain-general, but it is not used in deference of liberator José de San Martín, the first and only captain general of the Argentine army.

The Irish defence forces Chief of Staff is a lieutenant general as the force is too small to require a higher rank

Lieutenant general ranks by country[link]

• Lieutenant general (Australia)
• Lieutenant general (Bangladesh)
• Lieutenant-general (Canada)
• Kindralleitnant (Estonia)
• Kenraaliluutnantti (Finland)
• Generalleutnant (Germany)
• Altábornagy (Hungary)
• Lieutenant general (India)
• Lieutenant general (Republic of Ireland)
• Tenente generale (Italy)
• Luitenant-generaal (Netherlands)
• Generalløytnant (Norway)
• Lieutenant general (Pakistan)
• Tenente-general (Portugal)
• General de corp de armată (Romania) (see Général de corps d'armée (Fr))
• Lieutenant general (Russia)
• Teniente general (Spain)
• Lieutenant general (Sri Lanka)
• Generallöjtnant (Sweden)
• Pol tho (Thailand)
• Lieutenant general (United Kingdom)^[1]
• Lieutenant general (United States)
• Trung tướng (Vietnam)

Army ranks[link]

• Australian-Army-LTGEN.gif

  Lieutenant general
  (Australian Army)

• 

  Generalleutnant
  (Austrian Army)

• 

  Lt général/Lt generaal
  (Belgian Land Component)

• Army slip-on LGen.png

  Lieutenant-general (Canada)

• 

  Generalløjtnant
  (Royal Danish Army)

• ES-Army-OF20.jpg

  Kindralleitnant
  (Estonia)

• 

  Kenraaliluutnantti / generallöjtnant
  (Finnish Army)

• 

  Generalleutnant
  (German Army)

• 

  Lieutenant general -فريق
  (Egyptian Army)

• 

  Αντιστράτηγος
  (Greek Army)

• 

  Altábornagy
  (Hungarian Army)

• 

  Lieutenant general (India)

• 

  Luitenant-generaal
  (Royal Netherlands Army)

• 

  Generalløytnant
  (Royal Norwegian Army)

• Lieutenant General Pak Army.jpg

  Lieutenant general
  (Pakistan Army)

• SL-Army-OF8 Lieutenant General.PNG

  Lieutenant general
  (Sri Lankan Army)

• 

  Generallöjtnant
  (Swedish Army)

• 

  Pol tho
  (Royal Thai Army)

• 

  Lieutenant general
  (British Army)

• 

  Lieutenant-General (Russian Federation)

• 

  Lieutenant general
  (United States Army)

Air Force ranks[link]

• Air Force slip-on LGen.png

  Lieutenant-general (Canada)

• 

  Generalløjtnant
  (Royal Danish Air Force)

• 

  Kenraaliluutnantti/Generallöjtnant
  (Finnish Air Force)

• 

  Luitenant-Generaal
  (Royal Netherlands Air Force)

• 

  Lieutenant General
  (United States Air Force)

Lieutenant general equivalent ranks[link]

• General pukovnik, (Croatia)
• General pukovnik (Serbia, Bosnia and Herzegovina)
• Général de corps d'armée (France)
• Sepah-Bod (Iran)
• Farig فريق (Saudi Arabia)
• Rav Aluf (Israel)
• Generale di Corpo d'Armata (Italy)
• Chūshou 中将 (Japan)
• Jungjang (North Korea)
• Chungjang (South Korea)
• Generał broni (Poland)
• Korpskommandant/Commandant de corps (Switzerland)
• General de División (México)
• General de Ejército (Chile)
• Korgeneral (Turkey)
• Trung tướng and Phó Đô đốc (Vietnam)

• 

  Général de corps d'armée (France)

• 

  Rav Aluf (Israel)

• 

  Generale di Corpo d'Armata (Italy)

Other Lieutenant general ranks[link]

• Gruppenführer (Waffen-SS)
• Feldmarschallleutnant (Austro-Hungarian Army)

See also[link]

• Comparative military ranks
• British and United States military ranks compared

References[link]

This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (November 2007)

Mark Phillip Hertling
Lieutenant General Mark Phillip Hertling 35th Commanding General, United States Army Europe
Born	(1953-09-29) September 29, 1953 (age 58) St. Louis, Missouri
Allegiance	United States of America
Service/branch	United States Army
Years of service	1975 – present
Rank	Lieutenant General
Commands held	Initial Military Training 1st Armored Division/Multi-National Division-North National Training Center
Battles/wars	Gulf War War on Terror libya War
Awards	Distinguished Service Medal Def. Superior Service Medal Legion of Merit

Lieutenant General Mark Phillip Hertling, USA (born September 29, 1953) is the Commanding General, US Army Europe and Seventh Army. In that role, he is the Commander of the approximately 42,000 US Army forces assigned to Europe, and he is the Army Component Commander of US European Command. While Hertling's primary role is training US Army Soldiers and Units for Contingency and Full Spectrum Operations, he is also responsible for Theater Security Cooperation and Building Partner Capacity with the 51 Allied nations that are part of the European area of operation.

In his first year as USAREUR Commander, Hertling visited more than 30 partner countries to meet with military counterparts and state department officials to further mil-to-mil partnerships in the region and increase theatre security operations to help prevent future conflicts. Additionally, he consistently visits with Minister Presidents and German officials to further the relationship with the USAREUR host-nation. Hertling has also overseen the re-stand-up of V Corps in Wiesbaden, brought the innovative Soldier Fueling Initiative to USAREUR Soldiers, increased efficiencies throughout all units, provided increased support for family programs and wounded warrior programs, and reinforced leader development, values, and the Army Profession.

Recent Commands[link]

Prior to assuming duties as the USAREUR Commander, Hertling served as the first Deputy Commanding General for Initial Military Training. In that role he was responsible for initial training of approximately 160,000 officers and enlisted soldiers entering US Army training every year at 27 installations across the United States. During the period he was assigned, Hertling led significant change in several areas, to include integrating new training methods into Basic Combat Training, Advanced Individual Training and Basic Officer Leadership Courses. IMT revised the Army's Warrior Tasks and Battle Drills and further developing training in rifle marksmanship, combatives, values instruction, first-aid, and cultural training. IMT's "Soldier-Athlete" initiative also brought about changes in Physical Readiness Training, introducing Athletic Trainers and Physical Therapists to training units, and integrating performance nutrition into dining facilities (Fueling the Soldier). Complimenting Soldier Athlete, Hertling drove a design for a radical change in the Army's Physical Readiness (PT) test in 2011.

Prior to becoming DCG-IMT, Hertling commanded the 1st Armored Division in Germany, and the 28,000-strong Task Force Iron in Northern Iraq. That Task Force was based in Tikrit, and cooperated with 5 different Iraqi Army Divisions from October 2007 to December 2008. During that period there was a significant decrease in insurgent activity in Iraq's four Northern provinces and the Kurdish area. Simultaneously the economic and political landscape in the area improved dramatically. TF Iron combined a series of kinetic operations ("Iron") with a unique series of non-kinetic engagements ("United and Strong") to further improve conditions and ensure lasting security.

Hertling has seen alternating assignment between operational and training postings, and he is considered by many to be a skilled trainer and a soldier-focused leader. He has served or commanded at every level, and he has been assigned to all of the Combat Training Center in the United States and Germany; he has influenced the training model in the US Army at various stages of his career.

Biography[link]

Mark Hertling was born on September 29, 1953 in St. Louis, Mo. He attended Christian Brothers College High School in Clayton, Mo. Hertling was commissioned as a second lieutenant in the Armor Branch after graduation from the United States Military Academy at West Point in 1975. While at West Point, Hertling was on the NCAA Division 1 Swimming and Water Polo Team, and he was active as a member of his class committee and Cadet Captain his senior year.

Hertling has served in various command and staff assignments, both in the Continental United States and overseas. He began his professional career in Europe as a second lieutenant, leading tank and scout platoons in the 3rd Infantry Division in 1975–1977. He returned to Europe as a major in 1988, serving first on the staff of the 1st Armored Division as the deputy G-3, then as the S-3 of 1st Squadron, 1st Cavalry Regiment (Blackhawks) with whom he deployed during Operation Desert Shield/Desert Storm. He commanded 1st Squadron, 16th Cavalry Regiment at Fort Knox, Ky. He Commanded 3rd Brigade, 2nd Infantry Division at Fort Lewis, Wash. when that unit was named as the Army’s first Stryker Brigade. He was also the Commander of Operations Group, National Training Center and Fort Irwin, Fort Irwin, Calif., and he commanded the 7th Army Training Command, transforming it to the Joint-Multinational Training Command, in Grafenwoehr, Germany. He also served as the Vice J-7 and the J-7, on the Joint Staff in Washginton, D.C. from 2001–2003, and as the U.S. Army Europe G-3 from 2005–2007. His overseas operations also include the Commanding General, 1st Armored Division/Multi-National Division-North, as a major general from October 2007 to December 2008 both in Wiesbaden, Germany and Iraq during Operation Iraqi Freedom. As a brigadier general, he was the assistant division commander from September 2003 to August 2004 of the 1st Armored Division, U.S. Army Europe and Seventh Army, Germany and deployed to Baghdad, Iraq during Operation Iraqi Freedom 2009.

Since graduation, Hertling has received a Masters in Science in Physical Education from Indiana University, a Masters in Military Arts and Sciences from the Command and General Staff College at Fort Leavenworth, Kan., and a Masters in National Security and Strategic Studies from the National War College in Washington, D.C..

Hertling has taught in the Department of Physical Education at the US Military Academy, and has served as a speechwriter for GEN (ret.) Frederick M. Franks when he commanded TRADOC.

Lieutenant General Hertling is a member of Phi Kappa Phi, a Board of Trustee member at the United States Military Academy, a life member of the Purple Heart association, he has been awarded the Distinguished Eagle Scout Award by the Boy Scouts of America, and he is a member of the Friends of Army Swimming.

LTG Hertling is married, and he and his wife Susan have two sons and a daughter-in-law who are active duty Soldiers, another daughter-in-law who is a teacher, and they currently have two grandsons.

Publications[link]

1. CPT Mark Hertling and Dr James Peterson, “Being All You Can Be…Physically!”, ARMY Magazine, February 1986, pp 45–49
2. Mark Hertling, “Brooms and Brawn”, TRIATHLON Magazine, May 1986, pp 22–23
3. Mark Hertling, “Dryland Training at West Point”, SWIMMING TECHNIQUE, May–June 1986, pp 23–30
4. James Sfayer and Mark Hertling, “Fit to Fight,” Marine Corps Gazette, August 1987, pp 43–44
5. Mark P. Hertling, “Physical Training for the Modern Battlefield: Are We Tough Enough?”.^[1] SAMS Monograph, CALL Library, Nov 23, 87
6. Mark P. Hertling, “Whence Values Come,”^[2] Military Review, December 1987, 16–23
7. Mark P. Hertling, “Insights Garnered and Gained: The Israeli Defense Forces and Operation Peace for Galilee,”^[3] SAMS Monograph, CALL Library, April 22, 88
8. Mark P. Hertling, “Narcoterrorism: The New Unconventional War,”^[4] Military Review, March 90
9. Mark P. Hertling, “The Battle Of Oom Chalouba, June 17, 2008,”^[5] ARMOR Magazine, Vol 104, Jan–Feb 1995 pg 26–33
10. Hertling, Mark P. "The Battle of Oom Chalouba, June 17, 2008: The Leader’s Role in Preparing Units for the Physical Demands of Combat." In Leadership: The Warrior’s Art, ed. Christopher D. Kolenda, 287–307. 2nd ed. Carlisle: Army War College Foundation Press, 2001. (UB210 .L21 2001)
11. COL Mark P. Hertling and Lt Col James Boiselle, “Coming of Age in the Desert: The NTC at 20,”^[6] Military Review, September–October 2001, 64–65, October 9, 2002.
12. Thom Shanker and Mark Hertling, “The Military Media Relationship: A Dysfunctional Marriage,”^[7] Military Review, Sept–Oct 2009, Vol 89, Number 5
13. LTG Mark P. Hertling, “The Year of the NCO: A Division Commander’s Perspective,”^[8] Military Review, September 2009, Vol. 89, Number 5.
14. LTG Mark Hertling, LTC William Graham and MAJ Louis Florence, “We Need More Engineers!”,^[9] ARMY Magazine, January 2010
15. LTG Mark Hertling, "What's Going On In Basic Training", ARMY Magazine, March 2010
16. LTG Mark Hertling and PFC Jennifer Prowell,"A Soldiers Thoughts on Training, Leadership,"^[10] ARMY Magazine, November 2010
17. LTG Mark Hertling, "The US Army in Europe: Fighting Above Our Weight Class,"^[11] AUSA Green Book 2011

Interviews[link]

1. Military Family Reflects on Sacrifices of Iraq Service^[12] – Steve Inskeep. National Public Radio. September 13, 2004
2. Army Ranks See Imbalance in Iraq War Sacrifice^[13] – Steve Inskeep. National Public Radio. July 12, 2007
3. DoD News Briefing, Operation Iron Hammer.^[14] – November 19, 2007.
4. DoD News Briefing, Maj. Gen. Bergner and Maj. Gen. Hertling.^[15] – December 19, 2007.
5. U.S. Planes Strike Al-Qaida Hideouts Near Baghdad^[16] – Anne Garrells. National Public Radio. January 10, 2008
6. The Compassionate General^[17] Michael Holmes, CNN. February 9, 2008.
7. DoD News Briefing, Operational Update: Maj. Gen. Hertling^[18] – May 21, 2008.</ref>
8. U.S. Bridging Gaps Between Baghdad, Provinces^[19] – Renee Montagne, All Things Considered. National Public Radio. March 18, 2008
9. DoD News Briefing, Operational Update: Maj. Gen. Hertling^[18] – May 21, 2008.
10. US troops in Northern Iraq^[20] – Wolf Blitzer, CNN. May 23, 2008.
11. DoD News Briefing, Northern Iraq Security Operations^[21] – July 27, 2008.
12. US troops in Iraq^[22] – Wolf Blitzer, CNN. August 3, 2008.
13. DoD News Briefing,^[23] December 8, 2008.
14. New Basic Training Hardens Softer Generation^[24] – All Things Considered, National Public Radio. March 20, 2010
15. Making Soldiers Fit to Fight^[25] – James Dao, New York Times. August 30, 2010.
16. Soldiers Require Best Nutritional Benefits^[26] – Brian Williams, NBC Nightly News. December 13, 2010.
17. Army Boot Camp Embraces New-Age Fitness^[27] – Frank Morris, All Things Considered. National Public Radio. December 28, 2010.
18. Michelle Obama sees Military as Model for Fitness Effort,^[28] – Mimi Hall, USA Today. January 28, 2011.
19. US Army Europe and the Future of Forward Presence,^[29] – Atlantic Council. July 11, 2011.
20. US Army Europe Podcast: LTG Mark Hertling,^[30] – US Army Europe YouTube. Aug. 23, 2011.
21. Conference of European Armies highlights success of longtime alliances, new partnerships,^[31] – Jorge Benitez – Atlantic Council. Sept. 22, 2011.
22. Consensus scarce on future of overseas bases^[32] – Catherine Cheney and Charles Hoskinson – Politico. Oct. 23, 2011.
23. Future of US Army Europe,^[33] - Vago Muradian - Defensenews.com Oct. 30, 2011.
24. Rebalancing America's forces, The Downgrading of Europe,^[34] - The Economist. Jan. 14, 2012.
25. U.S. Army in Europe eyes greater parnter training,^[35] - Alexandra Hudson - Reuters.com Feb. 4, 2012.

Speeches[link]

United States Army portal

1. VII Corps Desert Storm 20th Reunion ^[36] – February 26, 2011
2. Impacts of Doctrinal and Technological Changes, Organization for Security Co-operation in Europe Seminar 2011 ^[37] - May 25, 2011
3. Interagency and International Collaboration at Royal United Services Institute (RUSI) Land Warfare Conference 2011 ^[38] - October 9, 2011
4. The Way Ahead, Conference of European Armies 2011 ^[39] - September 21, 2011
5. The Strategic Value of United States Army Europe - AUSA 2011 Chapter Presidents Dinner ^[40] - October 9, 2011
6. Marshall Center Program in Advanced Security Studies Seminar ^[41] - November 29, 2011
7. V Corps Change of Command ^[42] - January 10, 2012
8. USAREUR/IMCOM Combined Logistics Awards Ceremony ^[43] – March 8, 2012

Reference of Commissioned Service[link]

United States Military Academy

Military Schools Attended[link]

• Armor Officer Basic Course
• Armor Officer Advanced Course
• Air Defense Artillery Officer Advance Course
• United States Army Command and General Staff College
• School of Advanced Military Studies
• National War College

Educational Degrees[link]

• United States Military Academy – BS – No Major
• Indiana University – MS – Physical Education
• United States Army Command and General Staff College – MMAS – Military Arts and Sciences
• National Defense University – MS – National Security and Strategic Studies

Promotions[link]

• 10px 2LT – Jun 4, 75
• 10px 1LT – Jun 5, 77
• CPT – Nov 18, 79
• MAJ – Jun 1, 86
• LTC – Jul 1, 92
• COL – Aug 1, 97
• BG – Jan 1, 03
• MG – Jan 1, 06
• LTG −Sep 25, 09

Major Decorations and Badges[link]

	Distinguished Service Medal
	Defense Superior Service Medal
	Legion of Merit (with 3 Oak Leaf Clusters)
	Bronze Star (with 3 Oak Leaf Cluster)
	Purple Heart
	Meritorious Service Medal (with 4 Oak Leaf Clusters)
	Army Commendation Medal ribbon (with 3 Oak Leaf Cluster and V device)
	Army Achievement Medal (with 4 Oak Leaf Clusters)
	Humanitarian Service Medal
	Global War on Terrorism Expeditionary ribbon
	Kuwait Liberation Medal
	German Gold Cross of the Bundeswehr
	Combat Action Badge

References[link]

External links[link]

Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Mark Hertling

• Military Biography

This biographical article needs additional citations for verification. Please help by adding reliable sources. Contentious material about living persons that is unsourced or poorly sourced must be removed immediately, especially if potentially libelous or harmful. (May 2010)

The Basics
The Basics at the Oxford Art Factory, 2010
Background information
Origin	Melbourne, Australia
Genres	Rock
Years active	2002–present
Labels	Independent, Albert Records
Associated acts	Gotye, Down Hills Home, Dog With Wheels, Blood Red Bird
Website	The Basics Official Website
Members
Wally De Backer Kris Schroeder Tim Heath
Past members
Michael Hubbard
Notable instruments
Lead guitar, drums, bass guitar.

The Basics ( /ˈbæzɪtʃ/ BAZZ-ich) are a three-piece band from Melbourne, Australia, formed by Wally De Backer and Kris Schroeder in 2002. Their style has been described as anything from 'indie-pop' to 'rock'n'roll' to 'pop-rock', though their records show they span a wide range of genres, including reggae, ska, country, and electro-pop. They are "recognised as one of Australia's hardest-working bands".^[1]

With close to 1000 shows in their ten-year career, their live performances are well-known for their sense of humour and energy.^[2]

Formation[link]

The Basics were formed after Kris met Wally at a party in Melbourne.^[3] The event was to see off the young aspiring producer, who was about to depart for Los Angeles, and together with a number of musician friends, the two jammed on some blues-rock standards. Later that night, they bonded over a mutual love of The Beatles, 70s and 80s cartoon theme songs and old Sierra adventure games.

Initially, they played around Melbourne as an acoustic guitar/drums combo, starting at The Opposition in Frankston and the House of Fools in Footscray, where in late 2002 they met Michael Hubbard and later invited him to join them on electric guitar.^[4] Though lacking any real experience with the instrument, Kris willingly purchased his first bass guitar, and the trio was born. During this time, the group start performing songs with more complicated three-part harmony.

During late 2002 and early 2003, The Basics recorded and released an album called Get Back through MGM Distribution. They began what was to become regular tours of the East and West coasts of Australia.

2004-2005: Current lineup[link]

Tim Heath joined the group in June 2004, after Michael decided to pursue his solo career, which has included being one half of Down Hills Home.^[4] Tim was reportedly the only person to reply to an advertisement in Melbourne's Beat Magazine looking for a new guitarist. Tim apparently answered the advertisement - which said the applicant "must have a love of 50s and 60s rock'n'roll" - thinking that he would be meeting "a couple of old guys to play with on the weekends over some beers". They soon recorded For Girls Like You.

The Basics in 2005 continued to tour and play small festivals, and after releasing For Girls Like You through MGM Distribution, they departed for a national tour of Australia, which lasted for two months and took them to every Australian state and territory. Stuart Padbury, a young Melbourne sound engineer, joined them on much of this tour. On returning, the band began demonstrating songs for a new album.

2006-2009: Touring and soundtracks[link]

In 2006, The Basics began recording what was to become known as Stand Out/Fit In. Taking several months, it was not completed until the end of the year, despite intentions to have it released in June. Instead, they held a successful 'album preview', where each of the tracks was demonstrated in 'rough form' accompanied by a music video for each (produced by Melbourne photographic artist James Bryans). The band also talked about the origins of the songs. This event brought a lot of attention to the band for the idea's originality. They pre-released a radio single 'Just Hold On' from the album. The band were invited to play the hugely popular Homebake Festival in Sydney, where they received a great response, after being introduced onto the stage by a short stocky Asian guy with big calves ("one of the highlights" wrote The Daily Telegraph).

In 2007, the band departed on a tri-state residency which saw them play Melbourne, Sydney and Brisbane every week for the month of April - a bold move which brought further attention to the band for its original idea.^[5] Riding on the wave of this tour, Schroeder, De Backer and Heath departed on their first overseas tour which saw them performing 26 shows around Japan, Norway and the United Kingdom.^[6] They also toured twice more up the East Coast, one of which was with popular Japanese band The Bawdies. Their song 'Rattle My Chain' was used in a series of commercials for Volvo Australia. The song 'Hey There!' featured in the British film The Bank Job - starring Jason Statham - and was used as the backing for a February 2007 short film directed by Tim Longhurst called The Rip. Their song 'Better' was featured in a surfing documentary about the invention of the shortboard in 1967.

In 2008, the band appeared on Australia's Channel 9 for Australia Day celebrations, performing two of their songs - 'Just Hold On' and 'Hey There!' - to an estimated audience of 2 million. Securing an Australian Government grant, they embarked on a two-month tour of Australia, specifically targeting "culturally underprivileged groups" in rural and regional schoolchildren and Indigenous communities. The programme had them holding masterclasses and performing alongside Indigenous groups in the remote Northern Territory and Queensland.^[7][8] Their initiative also had them raising money for the charity Lifeline^{[disambiguation needed ]}, their contribution to which was recognised with a plaque at the end of the tour. Season two of Californication starring David Duchovny featured their cover of the classic 'Have Love, Will Travel', most famously covered by 'The Sonics'.

In 2009, The Basics for the first time enjoyed the support of Australian radio network Triple J, which had reportedly snubbed the band's previous material.^[9] The singles 'With This Ship' and 'Like A Brother' were added to the station's playlist, and momentum carried The Basics overseas for a second tour of the United Kingdom and Norway, and also a series of shows in Dublin, Ireland. They were joined by the longtime front-of-house engineer Stuart Padbury, who had been mixing them since 2005. The band was often seen in the Grafton Street Mall in Dublin, busking to promote their concerts there. Their second show in Oslo, Norway, saw the band perform with Hot Tub, one of the members of the Norwegian boy band "Boyzvoice", in his first performance for several years. Season Eight of Scrubs featured the song 'Lookin' Over My Shoulder'.

Despite all this promise, the band's album Keep Your Friends Close - produced and part-recorded by Peter Cobbin at London's Abbey Road Studios - though enjoying many favourable reviews,^{[10][11][12][13]} failed to impress Richard Kingsmill, music director of Triple J. This effectively ended the band's apparent upward spiral and the resulting album launch tour was reportedly "trying".

2010: Hiatus and live album[link]

In 2010, following the band's fourth stint at the Tamworth Country Music Festival, and the recording of a yet-unreleased live album, an indefinite hiatus was announced on the band's websites. This was in part due to the impending release of a new album produced by Wally for his Gotye project, and also to reported tensions within the band following the previous year's disappointments.

However, this hiatus was soon broken with a two-month residency at the Northcote Social Club in Melbourne, which saw an apparent return to form.^[14] The band's EP "Wait For You" enjoys airplay on Triple J.^[15] The Basics also played a one-off show at Sydney's Oxford Art Factory.^[16]

On 20 August 2010, The Basics released their fourth LP /ðəˈbæzɪtʃ/, available free and exclusively from their website for digital download^[17]. The band had reportedly moved to expand their listenership through this free giveaway, though 300 "Deluxe" CD/vinyl versions have been printed. /ðəˈbæzɪtʃ/ was recorded at the Northcote Social Club on 6 February, "in front of a live studio audience", and like the previous record, was mixed by Peter Cobbin at Abbey Road Studios. Technically a self-titled album, the phonetics spell out the accurate pronunciation of the band’s name. Kris Schroeder: "For years we’ve worked at bringing our live energy into the studio and thus far it’s been a bit hit-and-miss. Our trick this time was to pull a switcheroo and bring the studio to us instead; the result is the best and closest to us we’ve sounded yet."

Melbourne thespian and Dog With Wheels bassist David Bramble - friends with Heath from university days - has occasionally joined the band on tour, playing keys, often while sporting a large moustache. Other guests have included Jake Mason (saxophone), also of Cookin' on 3 Burners and The Bamboos^{[disambiguation needed ]}, Gideon Brazil (saxophone, flute), Simon Imrei (guitar and vocals) and Monty MacKenzie (saxophone).

Covers have often made an appearance from various sources: to date, some of the bands covered have been Cream, The Kinks, The Rolling Stones, The Police, Neil Young, Bob Dylan, New Kids on the Block, Richard Berry, Sonny Curtis and The Crickets, JJ Cale, Harry Nilsson, Bill Scott, Ryan Adams and The Coasters (via The Beatles for their cover of Three Cool Cats).

Members[link]

Current

• Wally De Backer - drums, vocals (2002-present)
• Kris Schroeder - bass, vocals (2002-present)
• Tim Heath - guitar, vocals (2004-present)

Former

• Michael Hubbard - guitar, vocals (2002-2004)

Discography[link]

Albums[link]

• Get Back (15 January 2004)
• Stand Out/Fit In (5 May 2007)
• Keep Your Friends Close (25 September 2009)
• /ðəˈbæzɪtʃ/ (20 August 2010)

EP[link]

• For Girls Like You (11 July 2005)
• Lookin' Over My Shoulder (10 February 2007)
• Like A Brother (5 June 2009)
• Wait For You (21 May 2010)

Singles[link]

• Call It Rhythm & Blues (20 August 2004)
• Just Hold On
• With This Ship (22 February 2009)

Upcoming projects[link]

The band is taking a three year hiatus, with an announced return to the stage together in early 2014. Wally De Backer launched Making Mirrors under his Gotye act in August 2011, Tim Heath will be touring and recording with Blood Red Bird, and Kris Schroeder recorded a solo EP titled, Patience in the Face of Control, before leaving Australia to work with the Red Cross in Kenya for a two year sabbatical.

References[link]

External links[link]

• Official Website
• Myspace Website

Lieutenant General Faustin Kayumba Nyamwasa was a Rwandan Army former Chief of Staff who fled to South Africa in February 2010 after^[1] being accused of involvement in terrorist activity within Rwanda. ^[2] Nyamwasa had formerly been head of Rwandan intelligence.^[2] He had also served as Rwanda's ambassador to India. Married to Rosette Kayumba, he has three sons and a daughter (Philbert Runanira, Moris Muvunyi, Marc Manzi and Phiola Tesi Kayumba). He had fled the country after being accused of attempting to build a power base in the army. The Rwandan government later stated that he may have been working with Colonel Patrick Karegeya, another former intelligence head who was living in exile in South Africa.^[2] Nyamwasa was accused of involvement in acts of terrorism in Rwanda, including three grenade attacks in Kigali on 19 February 2010, but was not arrested in South Africa due to a lack of extradition treaties between the two countries.

In June 2010 Brigadier General Jean Bosco Kazura, head of the Rwandan Football Federation, traveled to South Africa to see the World Cup and allegedly contacted Nyamwasa. Kazura was recalled and placed under arrest, although an army spokesman said this was purely because he had failed to obtain permission to travel.^[3]

Nyamwasa was shot in the stomach in South Africa in June 2010.^[1] Several people arrested after the shooting were found to be Rwandan.^[2] Nyamwasa's wife stated that the attack was politically motivated. According to Al-Jazeera reported that "Rosette said they were in the parking lot of their home and a man came to the side of the car with a pistol and shot at her husband who managed to get out of the car and then there was a scuffle. The driver of the car then chased the assailant away."

Jean-Léonard Rugambage, a Rwandan journalist who investigated the attempt on Nyamwasa's life, was murdered a few days later in Kigali.^[4][5]

References[link]

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This biographical article needs additional citations for verification. Please help by adding reliable sources. Contentious material about living persons that is unsourced or poorly sourced must be removed immediately, especially if potentially libelous or harmful. (May 2010)

Wajahat Khan is an Indian sarod player who has earned international acclaim since 1977. He is the third son of Imrat Khan, nephew of Vilayat Khan and a member of the multi-generational musical Khan family which founded the Imdadkhani Gharana . He was born in Calcutta, India and now divides his time between London and India.^[1]

Wajahat started his professional career in music as a child prodigy singer touring the world at the age of 8 including a performance on BBC Television. In his teens, he decided to specialise in sarod, marking an interesting departure from his family's traditional instruments of sitar and surbahar.

He has performed extensively around the world including performances at prestigious venues such as the Kremlin, the Acropolis of Athens, the Royal Albert Hall for the Proms, the Smithsonian Institution, Suntory Hall and the Glastonbury Festival.

Whilst mainly focussing on traditional Indian classical music, he has also ventured into crossover working with orchestras such as the London Sinfonietta. He has composed for and recorded with the Medici String Quartet.

Discography[link]

His CDs include:

• Nocturne: Late Evening Raga of Romantic Mood (2003)
• Indian Raags for Sarod, Tabla and Tanpura (2001)
• Raag Desh (2000)
• Rag Yaman Kalyan/Rag Gaoti(1996)

References[link]

External links[link]

• Rupert Mayr, Indian virtuosos delight music lovers, The Herald, April 12, 2006 - concert review (South Africa)
• Wajahat Khan's website

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