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Morale, also known as esprit de corps when discussing the morale of a group, is an intangible term used to describe the capacity of people to maintain belief in an institution or a goal, or even in oneself and others. The second term applies particularly to military personnel and to members of sports teams, but is also applicable in business and in any other organizational context, particularly in times of stress or controversy. While the term is often used by authority figures as a generic value judgment of the willpower, obedience and self-discipline of a group tasked with performing duties assigned by a superior, more accurately it refers to the level of individual faith in the collective benefit gained by such performance.

According to Alexander H. Leighton, "morale is the capacity of a group of people to pull together persistently and consistently in pursuit of a common purpose".^[1]

Military[link]

In military science, there are two meanings to morale. Primarily it means unit cohesion, the cohesion of a unit, task force, or other military group. An army with good supply lines, sound air cover and a clear objective can be said to possess, as a whole, "good morale" or "high morale." Historically, elite military units such as special operations forces have "high morale" due to both their training and pride in their unit. When a unit's morale is said to be "depleted", it means it is close to "crack and surrender", as was the case with Italian units in North Africa during World War II. It is well worth noting that generally speaking, most commanders do not look at the morale of specific individuals but rather the "fighting spirit" of squadrons, divisions, battalions, ships, etc.

In the workplace[link]

Workplace events play a large part in changing employee morale, such as heavy layoffs, the cancelation of overtime, canceling benefits programs, and the lack of union representation. Other events can also influence workplace morale, such as sick building syndrome, low wages, and employees being mistreated.

See also[link]

• Information warfare
• Motivation
• Psychological warfare
• Collective identity
• Battle trance

References[link]

External links[link]

Look up morale in Wiktionary, the free dictionary.

Napalm Death
Background information
Origin	Birmingham, England, United Kingdom
Genres	Grindcore, death metal
Years active	1981–present
Labels	Century Media, Spitfire, Earache
Associated acts	Benediction, Blood from the Soul, Brujeria, Carcass, Cathedral, Defecation, Doom, Meathook Seed, Extreme Noise Terror, Godflesh, Lock Up, Scorn, Terrorizer, Unseen Terror, Venomous Concept
Website	www.napalmdeath.org
Members
Shane Embury Mark "Barney" Greenway Mitch Harris Danny Herrera

Napalm Death are an extreme metal band formed in Birmingham, England in 1981.^[1] While none of its original members remain in the group, the lineup of vocalist Mark "Barney" Greenway, bassist Shane Embury, guitarist Mitch Harris and drummer Danny Herrera has remained consistent for most of the band's career.

Napalm Death are credited with defining the grindcore genre by incorporating elements of hardcore punk and death metal, short songs, fast tempos, deep guttural vocals and sociopolitical lyrics. The band's debut album Scum, released in 1987 by Earache Records, proved substantially influential throughout the global metal community.^[2]

Napalm Death have released fifteen studio albums and are listed by Nielsen SoundScan as the seventh best-selling death metal band in the United States.^[3]

Biography[link]

Early history 1981–1986[link]

Napalm Death were formed in the village of Meriden near Birmingham, in the United Kingdom, in May 1981 by Nic Bullen and Miles Ratledge while the duo were still in their early teenage years. The duo had been playing in amateur bands since 1980 as an extension of their fanzine writing, and went through a number of names (including "Civil Defence," "The Mess," "Evasion" and "Undead Hatred") before choosing Napalm Death in mid 1981.

The band were initially inspired by the early wave of punk bands, particularly the anarcho-punk movement (a sub-genre of punk music focused on anarchist politics), and associated groups such as Crass.

The first stable line-up of the group consisted of Nicholas Bullen on vocals and bass, Simon Oppenheimer on guitar, and Miles Ratledge on drums, and lasted from December 1981 to January 1982. Graham Robertson joined on bass in January 1982. Simon Oppenheimer left the group in August 1982 and was replaced by Darryl Fedeski who left the group in October 1982: at this point, Graham Robertson began to play guitar and Finbarr Quinn (ex-Curfew) joined on bass and backing vocals.

The group played concerts throughout 1982 (playing their first concert on July 25, 1982 at Atherstone Miners Club) and 1983 (sharing billing with anarcho-punk groups such as Amebix, The Apostles and Antisect), and made 4 demo recordings in 1982 and 1983, one of which contributed their first released recording to the Bullshit Detector Volume 3 compilation released by Crass Records in 1984.

The band entered a period of hiatus from the end of 1983 onwards, playing only one concert in 1984 (a benefit for striking mine workers) with additional vocalist Marian Williams (ex-Relevant POS, and sister of the drummer of the group Human Cabbages from Coventry, UK). During this period, Nic Bullen met Justin Broadrick, a guitarist from Birmingham with whom he shared an interest in the music of bands such as Killing Joke, Throbbing Gristle, Crass, Amebix, Swans, and the developing power electronics scene. Bullen joined Broadrick's Final project for a period in 1983.

In July 1985, Napalm Death briefly reformed in order to appear at a concert at the Mermaid in Birmingham which was also notable as the last concert by Final. The group consisted of a 4-piece line-up of Miles Ratledge - drums, Bullen - vocals, bass and guitar, Graham Robertson - guitar and bass, and Damien Errington - guitar.

After this concert, Miles Ratledge and Bullen asked Broadrick to join Napalm Death as guitarist, with Bullen as vocalist and bass player. The band began to develop a musical style which blended elements of post-punk (particularly Killing Joke and Amebix), heavy punk in the vein of Discharge, and thrash metal (with particular reference to Possessed and Celtic Frost).

The group played their first concert as a trio on 31 August 1985 (playing 2 concerts on the same day: Telford with Chumbawamba and Blyth Power, and Birmingham with We've Got a Fuzzbox and We're Gonna Use It), and began to play regularly in the Birmingham area (particularly at The Mermaid public house in the Sparkhill area of Birmingham) with a wide range of musicians including Icons of Filth, Concrete Sox, The Varukers, Decadence Within, and The Groundhogs.^{[citation needed]}

In September 1985, Peter Shaw (ex-Autism) joined on bass. The 4-piece line-up recorded Hatred Surge (the band's 5th demo recording) on 23 October 1985 which the band made available at their concerts and by mail.

Following the recording of the demo, Bullen and Broadrick wished to extend their exploration of a more extreme musical style which created a split in the group with Ratledge: as a result, the group splintered and Mick Harris (a local fan) was asked to join as drummer in December 1985.

The trio - Bullen on vocals and bass, Broadrick on guitar and Harris on drums - made their first performance on 15 December 1985 and went on to play many concerts in 1986, predominantly in the Birmingham area, with musicians such as Amebix, Antisect, Chaos UK, Varukers, Disorder and Dirge.

The group recorded a 6th demo, From Enslavement to Obliteration, on 15 March 1986, which the group made available at their concerts and through mail, before making a 7th recording later that year, Scum, which was provisionally intended to form part of a split LP with the English hardcore band Atavistic on Manic Ears records. This recording later became the first side of the band's debut album Scum in 1987.

The band then faced a number of line-up changes. Nic Bullen was becoming frustrated with the musical direction of the group, and began to lose interest as a whole: as a result, Jim Whiteley was asked to join as bass player. The band played a number of concerts as a four-piece before Justin Broadrick left the group to play the drums for local band Head of David. The group attempted to find a new guitarist by asking Shane Embury (ex-Unseen Terror and a fan of the group) to join and giving a trial period to Frank Healy (ex-Annihilator, later of Cerebral Fix and Sacrilege). After Broadrick's departure, Nic Bullen's dissatisfaction with the musical direction of the group led him to leave the group in December 1986 (in order to focus on his studies in English Literature and Philosophy at university).

1987–1989[link]

With the departure of Broadrick and Bullen, the band had to look for new members. Guitarist Bill Steer played in a band based in Liverpool, called Carcass and given the affinity between the bands, he joined Napalm Death while still playing an active role in Carcass. The band asked a friend (Lee Dorrian) to join as vocalist due to his good relationship with the band (he had organised a number of concerts for the band), even though he had never been in a band before. This line-up recorded the B side of the Scum LP at Rich Bitch studios in May 1987, and the album was released through Earache Records. Bill Steer also came third place on Decibel Magazine's "Top 20 Death Metal guitarists of all time."^[4]

The band promptly lost another member just before they undertook a short tour after the release of Scum. Jim Whiteley left the group (to join Ripcord) and Shane Embury (former drummer of Unseen Terror) moved to bass. The band then appeared on two compilation records ('North Atlantic Noise Attack' and the 'Pathological Compilation'), recorded two Peel sessions and a split 7" with Japanese band S.O.B. They also returned to Rich Bitch studio once more and recorded their second album: From Enslavement to Obliteration.

A follow-up release to "Enslavement..." came in the form of the six song 12" EP "Mentally Murdered", which was to be the last recording with the Harris/Steer/Dorian/Embury line-up. This EP was recorded at the Slaughterhouse Studios and took on a slightly different sound, blending grindcore with death metal. Following the release, Napalm Death were featured on national television in the United Kingdom in a heavy metal special by Arena (BBC 2).

The band continued to tour, but as soon as they came back home from Japan, in July 1989, Steer and Dorrian left the band: Steer decided to dedicate himself full-time to Carcass, while Dorrian formed the doom metal group Cathedral. The group recruited Jesse Pintado (ex-Terrorizer) on guitar and Mark "Barney" Greenway (ex-Benediction) as vocalist. This line-up took part in the Grindcrusher tour organised by Earache Records and featuring fellow label-mates Carcass, Bolt Thrower and Morbid Angel. The group recruited Mitch Harris (ex-Righteous Pigs) as second guitarist after the tour.

1990–1994[link]

In Florida, they started working on their next album, Harmony Corruption. While writing Harmony Corruption they changed their style a little, from grindcore, to a mix of blast beats and some slower, more rhythmic parts. In addition, death metal was a major influence on Harmony Corruption, more so than their previous records. After releasing the new record, they went on touring around the world and from the material filmed at those concerts they released a home-video, Live Corruption. Directed by noted metal director Steve Payne.

The band caught considerable flack from longtime fans in respect to the "death metal" sound and production of Harmony Corruption. Smarting from the accusations of selling-out by the British underground "elites", Napalm entered Eddie Van Dale's Violent Noise Experience Club in March of '91 to record six new tracks. These new songs, the "Mass Appeal Madness" 12" LP, had a much more raw grind quality to them, finding instant favour with fans. This recording, along with the "Mentally Murdered" 12", the spit 7" with S.O.B. and live tracks from Live Corruption, found a home on the Death by Manipulation CD.

Drummer Mick Harris - the only remaining member of the line-up that had played on the band's first album, Scum - eventually left Napalm Death because of conflicts regarding their musical style. Danny Herrera, a close friend to Jesse Pintado, was brought in to replace Mick. The addition of Herrera would be the last major line-up change of the band, save for Jesse Pintado's future absence, which has yet to be filled (and vocalist Phil Vane never recorded with the band). Napalm Death released a new record, Utopia Banished. Now working with producer Colin Richardson. This release was a kind of "return to the roots" - grindcore. After recording The World Keeps Turning EP, the band toured Europe with Dismember and Obituary on the "Campaign for Musical Destruction" tour.^{[citation needed]} They then toured the US with Sepultura, Sacred Reich and Sick Of It All.^[5] The proceeds of Napalm Death's 1993 EP Nazi Punks Fuck Off were donated to anti-fascist organisations.^[6]

The band remixed the track "Mind Of A Razor" by London based hip hop crew Gunshot. The remixed version of the track appeared on the EP of the same name in 1992. Thereafter, they went to the studio and recorded Fear, Emptiness, Despair. Although it was still as heavy and aggressive as previous releases, the new record took a different direction and sounded more experimental; they added more rhythmic riffs, an industrial-like structure, and then added grindcore blast beats. Live concerts with Entombed, Obituary and Machine Head showed the audience how violent and aggressive the new Napalm Death sound was. They continued with the experimentation through the rest of the 1990s.

1995–2004[link]

The Greed Killing EP was the next release from the band, through Earache. After the preview with the EP, Diatribes, a full-length album was released. Although things seemed to be going smoothly from outside, they were going through problems. Misunderstanding rose between the members and singer Greenway was expelled from the band in late/mid 1996. Greenway went to record with Extreme Noise Terror (the ENT release Damage 381 features Barney on lead vocals) and ENT's main singer Phil Vane went to fill vocals slot in Napalm Death. Things did not go as well as they were supposed to, and Vane was kicked out of the band just before they got into the studio to record the new album. And so Greenway returned to Napalm Death.

The next albums Inside the Torn Apart and Words from the Exit Wound continued with the experimentation but displayed more signs of grindcore, notably faster tempos than the last two albums. This return was completed with the release of Enemy of the Music Business. It shows their anger with the music industry and especially with Earache. Order of the Leech continued where their previous album ended and can be seen as even more faster and aggressive.

In 2004, they recorded a covers album called Leaders Not Followers: Part 2, the sequel to their earlier covers EP. It contains covers of old hardcore punk and heavy metal bands, including Cryptic Slaughter, Massacre, Kreator, Sepultura, Siege and Discharge. Due to personal problems, Jesse Pintado did not play on either Order of the Leech or Leaders Not Followers: Part 2, and left the band in early 2004. Nevertheless Pintado stated that he left because he grew tired of Napalm Death and wanted to start something new. The two guitars that you hear is Mitch over-dubbing.

2005 onwards[link]

Live in 2007

In April 2005, their next album The Code Is Red...Long Live the Code was released. It features guest appearances from Jeffrey Walker (formerly of Carcass), Jamey Jasta (Hatebreed vocalist) and Jello Biafra (formerly of Dead Kennedys, and Lard among many other bands). The album continued the band's progressive approach to their brutal brand of extreme metal, with their trademark grindcore sound retained.

Napalm Death finished recording their follow-up album titled Smear Campaign in June 2006; released on September 15, 2006 to very strong reviews from fans and critics alike. The main lyrical focus is criticism of the United States Government and other governments who are strongly religious. The album features a guest appearance by Anneke van Giersbergen, vocalist for the Dutch rock band The Gathering. There is a limited edition digipak version of Smear Campaign, which has two new songs, "Call That an Option?" and "Atheist Runt".

In early 2006 Napalm Death headlined a tour with Kreator, A Perfect Murder, and Undying. On August 27, 2006, Jesse Pintado died in a hospital in the Netherlands due to liver failure, prompting Mitch Harris to express his sadness at the loss of someone he thought of as "a brother" on the band's official website. After the Smear Campaign tour, the band did a 2007 "World Domination Tour". Bassist Shane Embury is currently working on a project with Mick Kenney of Anaal Nathrakh, their work together will be released on FETO Records at the end of 2007.

In November 2008, Napalm Death's fourteenth studio album, entitled Time Waits For No Slave, leaked onto the internet; it was officially released on January 23, 2009. Similar to Smear Campaign, Time Waits For No Slave also had a digipak version containing two extra songs ("Suppressed Hunger" and "Omnipresent Knife In Your Back").

In February 2011, Napalm Death appeared in an episode of E4's Skins. Napalm Death entered Parlour Studio in Kettering, U.K with producer Russ Russell to begin working on a new album. Also in 2011, they recorded the single "Legacy Was Yesterday". Napalm Death released their fifteenth studio album, Utilitarian, on February 27, 2012 in Europe and February 28, 2012 in North America via Century Media.^[7]

In March 2012, Napalm Death headlined the Metal Mayhem IV festival organized by "Defenders of Metal" in Nepal. This was the first time Napalm Death played in Nepal.^{[citation needed]}

Discography[link]

• Scum (1987)
• From Enslavement to Obliteration (1988)
• Harmony Corruption (1990)
• Utopia Banished (1992)
• Fear, Emptiness, Despair (1994)
• Diatribes (1996)
• Inside the Torn Apart (1997)
• Words from the Exit Wound (1998)
• Enemy of the Music Business (2000)
• Order of the Leech (2002)
• Leaders Not Followers: Part 2 (2004)
• The Code Is Red...Long Live the Code (2005)
• Smear Campaign (2006)
• Time Waits for No Slave (2009)
• Utilitarian (2012)

Members[link]

Current lineup[link]

• Mark "Barney" Greenway – vocals (1989–1996, 1997–present)
• Shane Embury – bass guitar (1987–present)
• Mitch Harris – guitars, backing vocals (1990–present)
• Danny Herrera – drums (1991–present)

Past members[link]

Associated acts[link]

Members of Napalm Death have moved on to form bands such as Carcass, Godflesh, Cathedral, Scorn, Jesu, and Black Galaxy. Additionally, band members have formed numerous side projects, including Lull, Painkiller, Brujeria, Lock Up, Meathook Seed, Defecation, Teeth of Lions Rule the Divine, and Venomous Concept.

Notes[link]

References[link]

• Barcinski, André & Gomes, Silvio (1999). Sepultura: Toda a História. São Paulo: Ed. 34. ISBN 85-7326-156-0
• Mudrian, Albert (2004). Choosing Death: the Improbable History of Death Metal and Grindcore. Los Angeles, CA: Feral House.

External links[link]

Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Napalm Death

• Official website
• Official MySpace

Érik Morales
Statistics
Real name	Érik Isaac Morales Elvira
Nickname(s)	El Terrible
Rated at	Super Bantamweight Featherweight Super Featherweight Lightweight Light Welterweight Welterweight
Height	5 ft 8 in (1.73 m)
Nationality	Mexican
Born	(1976-09-01) September 1, 1976 (age 35) Tijuana, Baja California, Mexico
Stance	Orthodox
Boxing record
Total fights	60
Wins	52
Wins by KO	36
Losses	8
Draws	0
No contests	0

Érik Isaac Morales Elvira (born September 1, 1976 in Tijuana, Baja California, Mexico) is a Mexican professional boxer. He is the first Mexican-born boxer in history to win world titles in four different weight classes. He is a former WBC Light Welterweight Champion, WBC & IBF Super Featherweight, WBC Featherweight (x2) and WBC & WBO Super Bantamweight Champion.

Morales has defeated 15 different world champions during the course of his career. He is famous for his trilogies with fellow Mexican legend three-division champion Marco Antonio Barrera and Filipino octuple champion Manny Pacquiao. He is also the last boxer to beat Pacquiao. He ranks #49 on ESPN's 50 Greatest Boxers Of All Time.^[1]

Career history[link]

Early career[link]

Erik Morales was born in the Zona Norte section of Tijuana. Under the tutelage of his father, José Morales, a fighter himself, Erik started boxing at the age of 5 and amassed a very impressive amateur career that saw him fight 114 times (108–6) and win 11 major titles in Mexico. Morales made his professional debut at the age of 16, by knocking out Jose Orejel in two rounds. Between 1993 and 1997, he quickly climbed the ranks in the super bantamweight division, winning 26 fights, 20 by knockout, including wins against former champions Kenny Mitchell and Hector Acero Sánchez, before challenging for his first world title. It was during this time that he signed with promoter Bob Arum.

Super Bantamweight[link]

On September 7, 1997, in El Paso, Texas, at the age of 21, he won his first world title by stopping WBC Super Bantamweight Champion and now member of the International Boxing Hall of Fame, Daniel Zaragoza, via knockout in eleven rounds.

In his first defense, Morales defeated John Lowey (24–2) by 7th round knockout. In his next fight, he defeated Remigio Molina (31–1) by 6th round knockout. On May 16, 1998, he defeated former champion Jose Luis Bueno via a second round knockout.

In September 1998, in another landmark fight, Morales knocked out former two-weight world champion Junior Jones of the United States. Jones went into the battle with a daunting record against Mexican fighters of 35 victories and no losses, most notably including two victories over the previous champion, Marco Antonio Barrera, in 1996 and 1997. Also noteworthy was that Jones was entering México for the first time to fight and the fight was held at Tijuana. The fight went on to three contested rounds, before Morales knocked out Jones with two consecutive overhead right crosses in the fourth round.

In October 1999, Morales fought and defeated former WBC Bantamweight Champion Wayne McCullough of Northern Ireland, saying that McCullough gave him one of the toughest three fights of his career.

Morales vs. Barrera I[link]

In February 2000, Morales defeated Marco Antonio Barrera to win the WBO Super Bantamweight title, in a fight that is considered one of boxing's classics. Morales won the fight by a split decision. It was an intense battle in which both fighters were cut and battered. After the fight, Morales said, "He was a brave fighter, and we both gave it all we had. We were both hurt during the fight. He was the biggest puncher I ever faced in the ring." The Ring named it the Fight of the Year.

Featherweight[link]

After nine successful title defenses, Morales chose to vacate his WBC Super Bantamweight title and his newly won WBO title in order to move up to the featherweight division. In his second fight at this weight, he fought 33 year-old former world champion Kevin Kelley, in September 2000. Kelley was knocked down in the fifth and seventh rounds, he was finally trapped in that latter round by a flurry of five consecutive uppercuts from Morales. Supported only by the ropes, a sixth uppercut landed, and the fight was stopped. Morales became the Interim WBC Featherweight Champion.

Morales fought again in 2000, knocking out Rodney Jones in the first round. In February 2001, he fought Guty Espadas, Jr., the WBC Featherweight title holder with a thirteen fight winning streak, and whose father, Guty Espadas Sr., was also a world champion boxer. Morales won a close twelve round decision to claim his third world title in his second weight division. Although Morales was highly rated in the featherweight division, Naseem Hamed was seen as the Lineal Champion of the division.

In July 2001, Morales defeated future champion In Jin Chi of South Korea and retained his title. Chi gave a strong effort, but Morales was the sharper, harder puncher and outworked him for much of the fight. Morales was cut and swollen over the left eye in the 6th round by an accidental clash of heads and Chi was penalized one point in the 10th round.^[2]

Morales vs. Barrera II[link]

Morales then tasted defeat for the first time in his 42nd professional fight when he lost a unanimous decision and his WBC title against Lineal Champion, Marco Antonio Barrera in June 2002. Morales constantly pressed forward and dominated much of the first half of the fight. He was cut on the bridge of the nose in the 2nd round, and cut and swollen over his right eye in the 8th. However, he punched Barrera to the canvas during the middle rounds but this was called a slip. Barrera fought cautiously in the early rounds, but rallied as the fight progressed.

Morales bounced back with a dominating twelve round decision victory over former world champion, Paulie Ayala in November 2002 to regain the vacant WBC Featherweight title. The early rounds were close, but Morales started to dominate in the middle rounds, consistently landing the harder punches and Ayala's left eye began to swell. He slowed his pace in the late rounds and Ayala rallied, but Morales rocked him with a series of punches in the 12th round.^[3]

Morales defeated Edward Lee Croft in March, 2003. He scored three knockdowns and stopped Croft in the 3rd round. All the fighters on the card donated their purses to "Vamos Mexico," a children's charity headed by Marta Sahagun, wife of Mexican president Vicente Fox.^[4]

Morales defeated Fernando Velardez later that year. He knocked down Velardez in the 1st, 4th and 5th rounds when the fight was stopped without a count. In October, 2003, Morales defeated Guty Espadas Jr. in a rematch of their first close fight. This time Morales knocked him out in three rounds.^[5]

Super Featherweight[link]

Morales vacated his WBC Featherweight title and moved up to the super featherweight division. On February 28, 2004, Morales captured the WBC Super Featherweight title by unanimous decision over Jesús Chávez. Morales twice knocked down Chávez, which Floyd Mayweather, Jr. himself had been unable to do. Morales was rocked midway through the 1st round, but he came back to score two knockdowns in the 2nd round and managed to cut Chavez over the left eye. Chavez injured his right shoulder early in the fight and threw very few right hands, but still fought aggressively for the rest of the fight with his jab and left hooks which cut Morales over the eye in the 4th round. With the victory he became the second Mexican boxer to win a title at three separate weight divisions, the first being the acclaimed Julio César Chávez.

On July 31, 2004, Morales unified his WBC Super Featherweight title with the IBF version by way of a twelve round unanimous decision over Carlos Hernández. Hernández constantly pressed forward, but Morales boxed effectively consistently landing the harder, more accurate punches which rocked Hernández several times.^[6]

Morales vs. Barrera III[link]

On November 27, 2004, Morales fought Barrera for the third time in a bout for the WBC Super Featherweight title. Their highly anticipated third battle drew a capacity crowd of over 11,000. Barrera started fast and rocked Morales late in the first round and bloodied his nose in the second. Morales came back strongly in the second half of the fight and won four of the last six rounds on two judges' scorecards. The 11th round saw Barrera badly staggered, and was the closest either man had come to being knocked out during their three fights. However, the judges scored the bout 114–114, 114–115, 113–115 in favor of Barrera. Their third meeting was once again named The Ring Fight of the Year.

Morales vs. Pacquiao I[link]

On March 19, 2005, as a betting underdog, Morales defeated then three-division world champion Filipino boxer Manny Pacquiao, by a unanimous decision. During the 12th round, Morales, comfortably ahead on the scorecards, decided to brawl with the Filipino slugger, even turning southpaw during the process. In a post fight interview, HBO broadcaster Larry Merchant, asked Morales, "Why?" Morales replied by asking a question of his own, "Did you enjoy it? That's why."

Later that night, at the post-fight press conference, Erik further explained his reasoning for brawling with the Filipino slugger; "It was a great pleasure to fight this way. I think I was controlling the fight with my distance. Sometimes I need to put a little flavor into the ring. My promoter always says that I make the fights very difficult, but they're not difficult, they're fun for the public. I decided to stop myself in front of him in the twelfth round because I wanted to give the public what they deserve. It was a great round. I'm very happy about it."^[7]

Morales vs. Raheem[link]

On September 10, 2005, Erik Morales moved up to the lightweight division and was defeated by unanimous decision by Zahir Raheem. Raheem frustrated Morales with constant lateral movement. Raheem rocked Morales in the 5th round and built a lead on the scorecards, but Morales rallied in the 11th round and staggered him with a right hand as Raheem's glove touched the canvas, but it was not scored a knockdown by referee Jon Schorle.^[8] The final scores were 118–110, 116–112 and 115–112 in favor of Raheem.

Morales vs. Pacquiao II & III[link]

On January 22, 2006, Morales fought Pacquiao in a rematch from their bout ten months before and was defeated in ten rounds. Pacquiao knocked down Morales twice in the final seconds of round ten and the fight was stopped.

He fought Pacquiao for the third time in a non-championship title bout, on November 18, 2006. Morales was defeated by a knockout in three rounds. After the fight, Morales said "Maybe it's time I should no longer be doing this." He sat speechless in his corner for five minutes afterward. "I did everything in camp necessary to win this fight. I didn't win it. It wasn't my night...it just wasn't meant to be."^[9] Asked by Larry Merchant whether he would retire from boxing, Morales offered, "Maybe this is the way to end it. It's a beautiful night, and there's a lot of good people (here in the audience)...it was always a pleasure to give the public great fights."

Lightweight[link]

Morales moved up to the lightweight division in search of a possible fourth WBC title. During a holiday visit to the Philippines in January 2007, Morales told a local newspaper that he was fighting again but declined to name his next opponent. He stated that he had unfinished business in the boxing ring and was determined to regain recognition as a world champion. He also expressed his desire to become the first Mexican fighter to win four WBC titles in different divisions and surpass Julio César Chávez's record by campaigning at the lightweight class of 135 lb (61 kg).^[10]

Morales vs. Díaz[link]

On August 4, 2007, Morales fought David Díaz for the WBC Lightweight title and lost a close unanimous decision at the Allstate Arena. Judges Herminio, Cuevas Collazo and Robert Hecko both scored Round 1, 10–9 Morales, even though Morales knocked down Díaz in that round. Collazo then went on to score Round 2, 10–8 for Diaz, when not only did a knockdown not occur, but the two other judges saw it as a Morales round. The final scores read 114–113 (Collazo), 115–113 (Hecko) and 115–112 (Uratani), all in favor of Díaz. It was Morales' fifth loss in his last six bouts. During the post-fight press conference, Morales announced his retirement from boxing.^[11]

Comeback[link]

Morales versus Lorenzo, 2010

In various interviews conducted in 2009, Morales began to state that he would fight again in late 2009 to early 2010, after he gave his body enough time to rest. Morales also stated that he would continue to fight as a lightweight.^[12]

His first comeback fight was then set for México in early 2010, against ranked Nicaraguan welterweight contender Jose Alfaro.

Light Welterweight[link]

On April 9, 2011, the MGM Grand Garden Arena hosted HBO Pay Per View's "Action Heroes." The main event featured Erik Morales vs Marcos Rene Maidana.

Many boxing pundits felt that an aging Morales, fighting a couple of divisions above his best weight, stood little chance against the hard hitting Maidana. However, Morales turned back the clock and gave his best performance since handing Manny Pacquiao his most recent defeat over six years ago. The opening bell saw Maidana jump on the older Morales. Morales' eye was badly swollen in the first round by a series of hard Maidana shots, especially a devastating uppercut, and it looked like the rout was on. However, Morales held his own through the next few rounds before rallying himself in the 8th–10th rounds. Although Maidana was using combos to hurt "El Terrible" Morales started turnin the tide mid-fight throwing very heavy counter-punches almost knocking Maidana down. However, just when the fight seemed within his Morales grasp, Marco Maidana took over by throwing combos at Morales giving him the final rounds of the fight. Morales put up a valiant effort, performed better than anyone thought possible, won the crowd over and gave the boxing public another "Fight of the Year" candidate. However, it just wasn't enough. In the end, Maidana's youth and Morale's age and mileage were just too much to overcome and Maidana eked out a majority decision victory with scores of 114–114 and 116–112 twice.

World title in fourth weight class[link]

Morales was due to fight WBO Inter-Continental Light Welterweight Champion Lucas Matthysse as an under card to the Victor Ortiz vs. Floyd Mayweather bout. Matthysse pulled out of the bout, citing a viral infection.

On September 17, 2011, Morales won the WBC Light Welterweight Championship with a win over un-rated Pablo Cesar Cano. The title had been vacant after previous champion Timothy Bradley's status had contentiously been changed to Champ in Recess due to inactivity. Many including experts and commentators saw the title won by Morales as a paper championship. Following Morales' win, he would be rated No.7 on Ring Magazine's light welterweight ratings, with all other title holders and highly-rated contenders ranked above him.

On March 24, 2012, Morales faced 23-year-old Danny García (22–0, 14 KOs) in another chapter of the storied "Puerto Rico vs. Mexico" boxing rivalry. García entered the contest following victories over former titleholders Nate Campbell and Kendall Holt. However, Morales attended the weigh-in over two pounds above the light welterweight limit. He remained champion until the fight, but only García could win the belt by defeating him, as a Morales win would vacate it. Morales lost by unanimous decision.

Record[link]

Morales' record consists of 52 wins, 36 of these by knockout, and 8 losses (2KO). He won eight world titles in four different weight classes and successfully defended his titles fifteen times. Morales also holds victories over champions Kenny Mitchell, Hector Acero-Sanchez, Daniel Zaragoza, Junior Jones, Jose Luis Bueno, Wayne McCullough, Marco Antonio Barrera, Kevin Kelley, Guty Espadas Jr., In Jin Chi, Paulie Ayala, Jesús Chávez, Carlos Hernández and Manny Pacquiao.

Outside the ring[link]

Morales was trained and managed by his father José Morales and was promoted by Bob Arum and Top Rank. His brothers are undefeated prospect Iván Morales and former WBO Super Flyweight Champion Diego Morales. Erik and his wife Andrea have three children.

Erik Morales currently spends his time managing a $3.5 million budget running the parks and recreation department in Tijuana. Morales donates his salary back to the department to further help fund it. Morales was quoted as saying, "This is just a way for me to be able to thank the people who have been so good to me all my life."^[13]

Professional record[link]

52 Wins (36 knockouts, 16 decisions), 8 Losses (2 knockouts, 6 decisions), 0 Draw[14]
Res.	Record	Opponent	Type	Rd., Time	Date	Location	Notes
Loss	52–8	Danny García	UD	12	2012-03-24	Reliant Arena, Houston, Texas, United States	Lost WBC Light Welterweight title on the scale, making the contest titular only for García.
Win	52–7	Pablo César Cano	TKO	10 (12)	2011-09-17	MGM Grand Garden Arena, Las Vegas, Nevada, United States	Won vacant WBC Light Welterweight title.
Loss	51–7	Marcos René Maidana	MD	12	2011-04-09	MGM Grand Garden Arena, Las Vegas, Nevada, United States	For Interim WBA Light Welterweight title.
Win	51–6	Francisco Lorenzo	UD	12	2010-12-18	Caliente Racetrack, Tijuana, Baja California, Mexico	Retained WBC Silver Light Welterweight title.
Win	50–6	Willie Limond	KO	6 (12), (2:46)	2010-09-11	Plaza Mexico, Mexico City, Distrito Federal, Mexico	Won vacant WBC Silver Light Welterweight title.
Win	49–6	José Alfaro	UD	12	2010-03-27	Arena Monterrey, Monterrey, Nuevo León, Mexico	Won vacant WBC International Welterweight title.
Loss	48–6	David Díaz	UD	12	2007-08-04	Allstate Arena, Rosemont, Illinois, United States	For WBC Lightweight title.
Loss	48–5	Manny Pacquiao	KO	3 (12), (2:57)	2006-11-18	Thomas & Mack Center, Las Vegas, Nevada, United States	For WBC International Super Featherweight title.
Loss	48–4	Manny Pacquiao	TKO	10 (12), (2:33)	2006-01-21	Thomas & Mack Center, Las Vegas, Nevada, United States	For WBC International Super Featherweight title.
Loss	48–3	Zahir Raheem	UD	12	2005-09-10	Staples Center, Los Angeles, California, United States	For vacant WBC International Lightweight title.
Win	48–2	Manny Pacquiao	UD	12	2005-03-19	MGM Grand Garden Arena, Las Vegas, Nevada, United States	Won vacant WBC International & vacant IBA Super Featherweight title.
Loss	47–2	Marco Antonio Barrera	MD	12	2004-11-27	MGM Grand Garden Arena, Las Vegas, Nevada, United States	Lost WBC Super Featherweight title. The Ring magazine's "Fight of the Year" (2004)
Win	47–1	Carlos Hernández	UD	12	2004-07-31	MGM Grand Garden Arena, Las Vegas, Nevada, United States	Retained WBC & won IBF Super Featherweight titles.
Win	46–1	Jesús Chávez	UD	12	2004-02-28	MGM Grand Garden Arena, Las Vegas, Nevada, United States	Won WBC Super Featherweight title.
Win	45–1	Guty Espadas, Jr.	KO	3 (12), (2:58)	2003-10-04	Staples Center, Los Angeles, California, United States	WBC Super Featherweight Title Eliminator.
Win	44–1	Fernando Velárdez	TKO	5 (12), (1:02)	2003-07-31	Mandalay Bay Resort & Casino, Las Vegas, Nevada, United States	Retained WBC Featherweight title.
Win	43–1	Edward Lee Croft	TKO	3 (12), (2:16)	2003-2-22	Plaza Mexico, Mexico City, Distrito Federal, Mexico	Retained WBC Featherweight title.
Win	42–1	Paulie Ayala	UD	12	2002-11-16	Mandalay Bay Resort & Casino, Las Vegas, Nevada, United States	Won vacant WBC Featherweight title.
Loss	41–1	Marco Antonio Barrera	MD	12	2002-06-22	MGM Grand Garden Arena, Las Vegas, Nevada, United States	Lost WBC Featherweight title. For vacant The Ring Featherweight title.
Win	41–0	In-Jin Chi	UD	12	2002-07-31	Staples Center, Los Angeles, California, United States	Retained WBC Featherweight title.
Win	40–0	Guty Espadas, Jr.	UD	12	2001-02-17	MGM Grand Garden Arena, Las Vegas, Nevada, United States	Won WBC Featherweight title.
Win	39–0	Rodney Jones	KO	1 (1:02)	2000-12-09	Auditorio Municipal, Tijuana, Baja California, Mexico
Win	38–0	Kevin Kelley	TKO	7 (12), (2:30)	2000-09-02	Don Haskins Convention Center, El Paso, Texas, United States	Won Interim WBC Featherweight title.
Win	37–0	Michael Leroy Juárez	KO	3 (1:12)	2000-06-17	Staples Center, Los Angeles, California, United States
Win	36–0	Marco Antonio Barrera	SD	12	2000-02-19	Mandalay Bay Resort & Casino, Las Vegas, Nevada, United States	Retained WBC & won WBO Super Bantamweight titles. The Ring magazine's "Fight of the Year" (2000)
Win	35–0	Wayne McCullough	UD	12	1999-10-22	Joe Louis Arena, Detroit, Michigan, United States	Retained WBC Super Bantamweight title.
Win	34–0	Reynante Jamili	TKO	6 (12), (0:11)	1999-07-31	Plaza de Toros, Tijuana, Baja California, Mexico	Retained WBC Super Bantamweight title.
Win	33–0	Juan Carlos Ramírez	TKO	9 (12), (0:28)	1999-05-08	Hilton Hotel, Las Vegas, Nevada, United States	Retained WBC Super Bantamweight title.
Win	32–0	Ángel Chacón	KO	2 (12), (1:50)	1999-02-13	Thomas & Mack Center, Las Vegas, Nevada, United States	Retained WBC Super Bantamweight title.
Win	31–0	Junior Jones	KO	4 (12), (2:55)	1998-09-12	Plaza de Toros, Tijuana, Baja California, Mexico	Retained WBC Super Bantamweight title.
Win	30–0	José Luis Bueno	KO	2 (12), (1:19)	1998-05-16	Plaza de Toros, Tijuana, Baja California, Mexico	Retained WBC Super Bantamweight title.
Win	29–0	Remigio Molina	TKO	6 (12), (0:14)	1998-04-03	Tijuana, Baja California, Mexico	Retained WBC Super Bantamweight title.
Win	28–0	John Lowey	TKO	7 (12), (3:00)	1997-12-12	Auditorio Municipal, Tijuana, Baja California, Mexico	Retained WBC Super Bantamweight title.
Win	27–0	Daniel Zaragoza	KO	11 (12), (2:59)	1997-09-06	County Coliseum, El Paso, Texas, United States	Won WBC Super Bantamweight title.
Win	26–0	Concepcion Velásquez	TKO	8 (1:11)	1997-04-04	Las Vegas, Nevada, United States
Win	25–0	Robbie Lovato	UD	10	1996-11-29	Tijuana, Baja California, Mexico
Win	24–0	Pedro Javier Torres	KO	2 (1:50)	1996-10-12	Arrowhead Pond, Anaheim, California, United States	Retained NABF Super Bantamweight title.
Win	23–0	Hector Acero Sánchez	UD	12	1996-06-07	Caesars Palace, Las Vegas, Nevada, United States	Retained NABF Super Bantamweight title.
Win	22–0	Lee Cargle	TKO	2 (0:11)	1996-04-22	Tijuana, Baja California, Mexico	Retained NABF Super Bantamweight title.
Win	21–0	Rudy Bradley	TKO	11 (0:02)	1996-02-25	Las Vegas, Nevada, United States	Retained NABF Super Bantamweight title.
Win	20–0	Kenny Mitchell	TKO	2 (2:30)	1995-12-18	Tijuana, Baja California, Mexico	Retained NABF Super Bantamweight title.
Win	19–0	Enrique Angeles	UD	12	1995-11-10	Tijuana, Baja California, Mexico	Retained NABF & Mexico Super Bantamweight titles.
Win	18–0	Alberto Martínez	TKO	4 (0:42)	1995-09-09	Caesars Palace, Las Vegas, Nevada, United States	Retained NABF Super Bantamweight title.
Win	17–0	Juan Luis Torres	UD	12	1995-07-14	Las Vegas, Nevada, United States	Won vacant NABF Super Bantamweight title.
Win	16–0	Armando Castro	TKO	10 (1:04)	1995-06-02	Tijuana, Baja California, Mexico	Retained WBC Mundo Hispano Super Bantamweight title.
Win	15–0	Enrique Jupiter	TKO	6 (0:28)	1995-04-21	Tijuana, Baja California, Mexico	Won Mexico Super Bantamweight title.
Win	14–0	Ricky Hernández	KO	1 (0:14)	1995-02-03	Tijuana, Baja California, Mexico	Retained WBC Mundo Hispano Super Bantamweight title.
Win	13–0	José Valdez	TKO	3 (2:14)	1994-12-19	Tijuana, Baja California, Mexico	Won WBC Mundo Hispano Super Bantamweight title.
Win	12–0	Ramón Magana	TKO	2 (1:19)	1994-11-28	Tijuana, Baja California, Mexico
Win	11–0	Idelfonso Bernal	KO	3 (0:21)	1994-10-17	Tijuana, Baja California, Mexico
Win	10–0	Julio César Cardona	KO	2 (1:01)	1994-08-22	Tijuana, Baja California, Mexico
Win	9–0	Isidro Nolasco	UD	8	1994-03-26	Mexico City, Distrito Federal, Mexico
Win	8–0	Paul Olvera	KO	3 (2:55)	1994-01-21	Tijuana, Baja California, Mexico
Win	7–0	Alfonso Mota	KO	2 (1:19)	1993-12-06	Tijuana, Baja California, Mexico
Win	6–0	Jaime Abrica	KO	2 (0:03)	1993-10-22	Tijuana, Baja California, Mexico
Win	5–0	José Álvarez	UD	6	1993-07-26	Tijuana, Baja California, Mexico
Win	4–0	Marco Tovar	TKO	1 (0:59)	1993-07-08	Plaza de Toros, Tijuana, Baja California, Mexico
Win	3–0	Óscar Maldonado	KO	3 (0:32)	1993-05-25	Tijuana, Baja California, Mexico
Win	2–0	Jaime Rodríguez	KO	2 (1:11)	1993-05-07	Tijuana, Baja California, Mexico
Win	1–0	José Orejel	KO	2 (0:19)	1993-03-29	Tijuana, Baja California, Mexico	Morales' Professional Debut at 16 years old.

Titles in boxing[link]

Major World Titles:

• WBC Super Bantamweight Champion (122 lbs)
• WBO Super Bantamweight Champion (122 lbs)
• Interim WBC Featherweight Champion (126 lbs)
• WBC Featherweight Champion (126 lbs)
• (2) WBC Featherweight Champion (126 lbs)
• WBC Super Featherweight Champion (130 lbs)
• IBF Super Featherweight Champion (130 lbs)
• WBC Light Welterweight Champion (140 lbs)

Minor World Titles:

• IBA Super Featherweight Champion (130 lbs)

Regional/International Titles:

• WBC Mundo Hispano Super Bantamweight Champion (122 lbs)
• Mexico Super Bantamweight Champion (122 lbs)
• NABF Super Bantamweight Champion (122 lbs)
• WBC International Super Featherweight Champion (130 lbs)
• WBC International Welterweight Champion (147 lbs)

Special Titles:

• WBC Silver Light Welterweight Champion (140 lbs)

See also[link]

• List of Mexican boxing world champions
• Notable boxing families
• List of super bantamweight boxing champions
• List of featherweight boxing champions
• List of super featherweight boxing champions
• List of WBC international champions
• List of IBF world champions
• List of WBO world champions
• The Boxing Times – World Rankings
• Reigning boxing champions
• Fight Night 2004
• Fight Night Round 2
• Fight Night Round 3
• Fight Night Round 4
• List of boxing triple champions
• List of boxing quadruple champions

References[link]

External links[link]

• Professional boxing record for Erik Morales from BoxRec
• (Spanish) Erik Morales Article

This article's tone or style may not reflect the encyclopedic tone used on Wikipedia. Specific concerns may be found on the talk page. See Wikipedia's guide to writing better articles for suggestions. (June 2009)

David Morales (born 21 August 1961) is an American internationally acclaimed Grammy-winning house music DJ and producer. In addition to his production and DJ work, Morales is one of the most prolific botters of all time, transforming many pop music songs into club-friendly dance tracks. Born in New York City, he is of Puerto Rican ancestry.^[1]

Career[link]

Record producer[link]

Morales' work as a house music producer began in 1993, with a full 11-track album entitled The Program, released under the Phonogram Records label. "Gimme Luv (Eenie Meenie Miny Mo)" was the most successful single to be lifted from the debut LP and was a major dance hit - spending two weeks on top of the Billboard dance chart in August 1993.^[2][3] After his debut release, Morales produced few original records, focusing instead on carving out his career as one of the first true "superstar" DJs and as a prolific remixer, working with some of the biggest names in music. In 1998, under the pseudonym David Morales presents The Face he released his biggest hit to date, "Needin' U". Featuring samples from The Chi-Lites' "My First Mistake" and Rare Pleasure's "Let Me Down Easy", the record became an overnight classic and introduced Morales into mainstream airplay.

Following up this success, in 2000 Morales offered up another overnight hit, "Higher", co-produced by Albert Cabrera, with vocals by Deanna Della Cioppa, and released under the pseuodonym David Morales & Albert Cabrera present Moca. In November 2004, after an interval of 11 years, Morales released his second album, 2 Worlds Collide, a 10-track album released on Ministry of Sound's record label, Data Records. The album is reminiscent of earlier house music mixed with current and progressive sounds. The release contained another big hit for Morales titled "How Would U Feel" which features vocals from Lea-Lorien. In addition to his work as a record producer, Morales is also part of the Def Mix collective, alongside long term partners Frankie Knuckles and Satoshi Tomiie, who produce both original productions and remixes.

Remixer[link]

Since 1986, Morales has also carved out a career as arguably one of the most in-demand remixers of the post-house era. He has worked with a large assortment of successful and famous artists, including Madonna, Kylie Minogue, Whitney Houston, Pet Shop Boys, Michael Jackson, Janet Jackson, U2, Luther Vandross, Aretha Franklin, Diana Ross, Jocelyn Brown, CeCe Rogers, the Spice Girls, and many others. He is particularly known for his prolific remix work with Mariah Carey.

His first reworking of a Carey record was "Dreamlover" (1993) Morales worked with Carey at almost every stage of her career following "Dreamlover", re-working the songs "Fantasy" (1995), "Always Be My Baby" (1996), "Honey" (1997), "My All" (1998), "I Still Believe" (1999), "It's like That" (2005) and "Say Somethin'" (2006) into number-one hits on Billboard's Hot Dance Club Play chart in the U.S.

Morales was awarded the 1998 Grammy Award for Remixer of the Year, Non-Classical.^[4]

Superstar DJ[link]

Morales is considered by many to be one of the first so-called superstar DJs.^[5] Larry Levan was the first to recognise the potential for success in Morales, and he was soon a popular regular at The Loft, Paradise Garage and The Sound Factory - all highly influential New York City nightclubs in the late 1980s and early 1990s. His remix and production work helped him expand his DJ career, allowing him to perform at major clubs around the globe including the Ministry of Sound in London. He also became one of Ibiza's most renowned DJs, appearing at venues such as Pacha.

In addition to his nightclub sets, Morales also contributed to a large number of radio mix shows throughout the 1990s, the most important being Hot 97's popular segment All-Night House Party. He also produced various DJ mixes for radio stations around the world, including London's KISS 100. Morales also contributed his DJ skills to a variety of compilations including Ministry of Sound's Sessions Seven, United DJs of America Volume 4 (a joint project with Def Mix partner Frankie Knuckles) and most recently with the retrospective collection Mix The Vibe: Past-Present-Future.

Besides his music career, Morales owned the now defunct Stereo nightclub located in Montreal, Quebec, Canada.^[6] Serving also as the club's resident DJ, he was well known for his sets^[7][8] including his 16-hour "La Vie en Stereo" sets, which occurred on the last Saturday of each month. Stereo nightclub closed in July 2008 after a fire but repopened with different owners in September 2009. David Morales returned to Stereo as a DJ in January 2011.^[9] In April 2006, he opened a short-lived nightclub called Sonic in Toronto, however due to unknown reasons, the club officially closed on March 10, 2007.^[10]

Morales has also been involved in other projects unrelated to his music career. He is also credited for laying the groundwork and initial sketches that led to the design of Comic Sans.^{[citation needed]} In addition to his music career, he has served as a model for Italian clothing design house Iceberg.^[11]

Discography[link]

Albums[link]

• 1993: The Program
• 2004: 2 Worlds Collide

Mixed compilations[link]

• 1994: United DJs of America, Vol. 4
• 1997: Ministry of Sound: Sessions Seven
• 2003: Mix The Vibe: Past-Present-Future
• 2011: Live & Remastered (disc 2)

Singles[link]

David Morales[link]

• 2001 "Winners", with Jocelyn Brown
• 2003 "Make It Hot", with DJ Pierre
• 2004 "How Would U Feel", with Lea-Lorién
• 2005 "Feels Good", with Angela Hunte
• 2005 "Here I Am", with Tamra Keenan
• 2006 "Better That U Leave", with Lea-Lorien
• 2006 "How Would U Feel '06", with Lea-Lorien
• 2011 "You Just Don't Love Me", with Jonathan Mendelsohn
• 2011 "Holiday", with Polina
• 2012 "Golden Era", with Róisín Murphy

The Bad Yard Club[link]

all are collaborations with Sly Dunbar and Handel Tucker

• 1993 "Gimme Luv (Eenie Meeny Miny Mo)", with Papa San
• 1993 "Sunshine", with Stanryck
• 1993 "The Program", with Papa San
• 1994 "In De Ghetto", with Delta Bennett
• 1996 "In De Ghetto '96", with Crystal Waters and Delta Bennett

Other aliases[link]

• 1987 "Do It Properly" (as 2 Puerto Ricans, a Blackman and a Dominican, with Ralphi Rosario and Clivilles & Cole)
• 1989 "Scandalous", (as 2 Puerto Ricans, a Blackman and a Dominican, with Ralphi Rosario and Clivilles & Cole)
• 1994 "Congo" (as The Boss)
• 1995 "Philadelphia", (as Brooklyn Friends)
• 1998 "Needin' U", (as David Morales presents The Face)
• 2000 "Higher", (as Moca, with Albert Cabrera and Deanna Della Cioppa)
• 2001 "Needin' U II", (as David Morales presents The Face, with Juliet Roberts)
• 2002 "Siren Of Love", (as 928)
• 2006 "Play", (as Brooklyn Friends)
• 2006 "Keep It Coming", (as The Face, with Nicki Richards)

Selected remixes[link]

• 2 in a Room - "Wiggle It"
• Ace of Base - "Living in Danger"
• The Adventures of Stevie V - "Dirty Cash (Money Talks)"
• Alexander O'Neal - "What Is This Thing Called Love?"
• Alison Limerick - "Where Love Lives"
• Annie Lennox - "Walking on Broken Glass"
• Aretha Franklin - "A Deeper Love"
• Basement Jaxx - "Bingo Bango"
• Betty Boo - "Catch Me"
• Björk - "Big Time Sensuality"
• Black Sheep - "Strobelite Honey"
• The Brand New Heavies - "Never Stop"
• Brandon Flowers - "Crossfire"
• Britney Spears - "Circus"
• Burak Kut - "Derdim Var" (Translated: Deep Inside)
• CeCe Peniston - "Finally"
• CeCe Rogers - "All Join Hands"
• Cerrone - "Love In C Minor"
• Chaka Khan - "Life is a Dance"
• The Chimes - "1-2-3"
• De La Soul - "A Roller Skating Jam Named Saturdays"
• Deborah Cox - "It Could've Been You"
• Deborah Cox - "Who Do U Love"
• Diana Ross - "Upside Down"
• Doop - "Doop"
• Electribe 101 - "You're Walking"
• Enrique Iglesias - "Rhythm Divine"
• Eve Gallagher - "Love Come Down"
• Frankie Knuckles - "Rain Falls"
• Gloria Estefan - "Turn The Beat Around"
• Heavy D & The Boyz - "Now That We Found Love"
• Incognito - "Always There"
• India - "Right From The Start"
• Inner City - "Watcha Gonna Do With My Lovin'"
• Jamiroquai - "Cosmic Girl"
• Jamiroquai - "Space Cowboy"
• Janet Jackson - "Because of Love"
• Janet Jackson - "When I Think of You" (1995 Remixes)
• Jaydee - "Plastic Dreams" (1997 Remixes)
• Jennifer Paige - "Crush"
• Jody Watley - "I'm The One You Need"
• Juliet Roberts - "Free Love"
• Kelis - "Get Along With You"
• Kylie Minogue - "Where Is The Feeling?"
• Kym Mazelle - "Useless"
• Lara Fabian - "I Will Love Again"
• Lisa Stansfield - "What Did I Do To You?"
• Lisa Fischer - "Save Me"
• Loose Ends - "Love's Got Me"
• Lucrezia - "Live To Tell"
• Luther Vandross - "Ain't No Stoppin' Us Now"
• Luther Vandross & Janet Jackson - "The Best Things in Life Are Free"
• M People - "One Night in Heaven"
• Madonna - "Deeper and Deeper"
• Mariah Carey - "Always Be My Baby"
• Mariah Carey - "Can't Take That Away (Mariah's Theme)"
• Mariah Carey - "Dreamlover"
• Mariah Carey - "Fantasy"
• Mariah Carey - "Fly Away (Butterfly Reprise)"
• Mariah Carey - "Honey"
• Mariah Carey - "I Still Believe"
• Mariah Carey - "It's Like That"
• Mariah Carey - "Joy To The World"
• Mariah Carey - "Loverboy"
• Mariah Carey - "My All"
• Mariah Carey - "Say Somethin"
• Mariah Carey - "The Roof (Back In Time)"
• Mariah Carey - "Touch My Body"
• Mariah Carey - "Oh Santa!"
• Masters At Work - "I Can't Get No Sleep '95"
• Michael Jackson featuring Janet Jackson - "Scream"
• Michael Jackson - "This Time Around"
• Michael Jackson - "Thriller"
• Neneh Cherry - "Kisses on the Wind"
• P. M. Dawn - "Gotta Be...Movin' On Up"
• Pet Shop Boys - "How can you expect to be taken seriously?"
• Pet Shop Boys - "I Don't Know What You Want But I Can't Give It Any More"
• Pet Shop Boys - "New York City Boy"
• Pet Shop Boys - "So Hard"
• Pet Shop Boys - "Where the Streets Have No Name (I Can't Take My Eyes off You)"
• Reese - "You're Mine"
• Robert Owens - "I'll Be Your Friend"
• Robin S. - "I Wanna Thank Ya"
• Sandy B. - "Feel Like Singin'"
• Seal - "Newborn Friend"
• Selena - "I'm Getting Used To You"
• Sheena Easton - "101"
• Soul Shaker featuring CeCe Peniston - Shame, Shame, Shame
• Spice Girls - "Spice Up Your Life
• Spice Girls - "Stop"
• Spice Girls - "Who Do You Think You Are"
• Suzanne Palmer - "Luv 2 Luv"
• Technotronic - "Get Up!"
• Technotronic - "Pump Up The Jam"
• Tina Turner - "Goldeneye"
• U2 - "Discotheque"
• U2 - "Lemon"
• Ultra Naté - "New Kind of Medicine"
• Whigfield - "Think Of You"
• Whigfield - "Sexy Eyes"
• Whitney Houston - "Love Will Save the Day" (remixed by David Morales & John "Jellybean" Benitez)
• Whitney Houston - "So Emotional"

See also[link]

• List of Puerto Ricans
• List of number-one dance hits (United States)
• List of artists who reached number one on the US Dance chart

Notes[link]

External links[link]

• Official Web site
• Official 'Def Mix' Web site
• David Morales on Facebook
• David Morales on Twitter
• David Morales on YouTube
• David Morales on soundcloud.com
• David Morales on MySpace
• David Morales on Last.fm
• David Morales' on Discogs
• David Morales on the Internet Movie Database
• Spirit of House Interview with David Morales
• Interview with DJ Times, 2005