- published: 20 Sep 2011
- views: 1253784
- author: avrilfan2213
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- Afro-Eurasia
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- Afrotropic ecozone
- Age of discovery
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- Amerigo Vespucci
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- Anglo-America
- Antarctic
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- Arctic Ocean
- Arctica
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- Asiamerica
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- India
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- Polar region
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- Sea
- Senegal
- Siberia (continent)
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- World
- World Ocean
- New World - Prince
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- Kara - New World
- Sister Jane - New World
- Tom Tom Turnaround - New World
New world [x4]
When the sharpest vibration
Saves U from obliteration
The intelligence of your bed reacts
Covering U head 2 toe with an air-filled sack
When the lines blur every boy and girl
How we gonna make it in this brave new world?
Love 4 one another - New world
Love 4 one another - New world
When U wanna find some isolation
But the tracker U got from vaccination (Keeps playin')
Keeps playin' - "U'll never walk alone" (Over and over)
They're always listening, especially on the phone
When the lines blur every boy and girl
How we gonna make it in this brave new world?
Love 4 one another - New world
Love 4 one another - New world
Wait a minute
New world
Did U hear about the new pill? It feels like sex!
Guaranteed 2 thrill with no ill side-effects
A pill that will stop the wrinkles, a pill that will stop the pain
A pill that will make a baby never seek political gain
What's it all 4 when U can alter biology?
Who or what, then my friend, will U and I be? [x2]
When the sharpest vibration
Saves U from obliteration
When the melting pot stirs, how U gonna take it?
When U can't tell him from her, how U gonna fake it?
When the lines blur every boy and girl
How U gonna make it in this brave new world?
Love 4 one another - New world
Love 4 one another (How U gonna take it?)
(How U gonna fake it?)
Love 4 one another (How U gonna take it?)
(New world) New world
Ein, zwei, drei, vier
I wake up in the morning
Looking at the street below.
Oh, the aggravation down below.
It's no coincidence at all.
The war is over,
But the battle has just begun.
It's still going on,
Still going on.
Why?
Mass migration of people,
Lithuania, Estonia, Czechoslovakia, Poland,
Refugees from all over the European continent.
All traveling to America,
The land of the free.
All traveling to America,
To the great city.
Life in the city
Started to get me down.
Everybody pushin' and shovin',
Aggravation all around.
Aggravation.
C'mon
C'mon
Oh baby
Have you had enough?
Have you had enough of all this aggravation?
Fifty years ago this year,
It was fifty years ago this year,
When the aggravation begun.
It's still going on.
Uh, it's a new world, it's a new world,
It's a new world, it's a new world
Uh, it's a new world, it's a new world
Yo, celebrate the new life
New ways to make money
New ways to break dummies
Forge they name and take money
Computers ain't that smart
Whatever man built could be taken apart
Anything new can get old
Like dudes started rockin' platinum, some stopped wearin gold
solar-energized rides, no steering wheel, tell it how to drive
No propellers in the sky
Airplanes like many rockets
Waitin lists for the rich to get tickets to visit Mars
While the poor people starve, computers takin over they jobs
A man's forced to live off land
Now it's back to the caveman era
When we made fire, by two sticks rubbin together
The truth is, many are too scared of new data
America Online, cut off, see you later
Yo, welcome to the new world, new beginnin
A new way to play, a new way a livin
Cash is the past, a new way a spendin
New life for man, children, and women
Yo, the new Mike Tyson's Roy Jones
Bill Clinton's the new JFK, without the hole in his dome
The new Don Trump is Bill Gates
Not because his occupation, it's 'cause we respect his cake
And cake mean his stock, net gross
Young kids step it up, go for the most
New cameras in police cars takin pictures
New hustlas gettin new street figures
And US embassies overseas
almost every foreign country's under seige
Covertly startin wars, CIA, NAVY Seals
Commit larcenies that be worth over mil's
Oil in the earth spills
Girls blow they body up, birth control pills
African's pick diamonds out a dark caves
Then we wear it on our necks just so we can light up the stage
Say goodbye to the brainwashed
Say goodbye to the young kids who not smart
Say goodbye to the toasters and Pop-Tarts
Yo, it's real
Swallow a little pill, there's a four-course meal
Say hello to the one world
Say hello to the sky, somethin's out there watchin you and I
More enticin than Star Trek, StarTec phones
Your genes and DNA is used to make clones
You got CD-Rom, everythang operates by computers
Then what happens when circuit breaks
Y2K's the big scare
Scientists say we ain't prepared
What I feel is contrare
Alexander Graham Bell made telephones, yes
But now we request for your e-mail address
I might be old fashioned, stuck in my ways
Train-whistles, a sweet clementine
Blueberries, dancers in line
Cobwebs, a bakery sign
Ooooh - a sweet clementine
Ooooh - dancers in line
Ooooh ...
If living is seeing
I'm holding my breath
In wonder - I wonder
What happens next?
A new world, a new day to see
I'm softly walking on air
Halfway to heaven from here
Sunlight unfolds in my hair
Ooooh - I'm walking on air
Ooooh - to heaven from here
Ooooh ...
If living is seeing
I'm holding my breath
In wonder - I wonder
What happens next?
Lives in a little lonely town
No one's around except for the drinking
Nobody ever gets around
But those who leave the township sinking
May you rot in heaven
Gotta be home by seven
And the field burns away
The sky breathes it in
So why sit and wait for the new world to begin
I'm comin' out across your border
With new orders for you to take
I'd really like to take out your daughter
Down in the water, down by the lakeWhen the cold water's on her skin
I can feel how long it's been
And the neighbors will all be there
And no one will know what to wear
So why sit and wait for the world to begin
I got a lot I gotta do
Just to get through the end of the day
It hardly ever even happens
But I go to sleep the same anyway
And you can't believe in yourself
You can't believe in anyone else
So why sit and wait for the new world to begin
Can't you see them coming?
Cannot see the sense of me
All of them decide
Deciding our ups, downs and misery
Addicted to fleshly skin
Enough for me to swallow and take in
Two worlds collide
One with all the, one with all
This is the way we serve
It's deadly when it's being wiped away
Both too precious to behold
And praise the new
The new world is here to wipe out our lives
The new world, we can't survive
The new world left God in everything and everyone
The new world does not include us
Everyone will feel a need to pleasure
To wicked the future race
There will be no more beliefs
All religion will be known
All religious ways
Losing their ability
They'll erase all our memories
No more scriptures
No more lies
No more fucking lies
This is the ways we serve
It's deadly when it's being wiped away
Both too precious to behold
And praise the new
The new world is here to wipe out our lives
The new world, we can't survive
The new world left God in everything and everyone
The new world does not include us
God, in decay, just making all the rules
Earth, finally, forgot the tombs
Hell is where I'll be after my eyes can see
Preceding our, we are the misery
Hate throughout the end of genocide
Smell of burning flesh inside all, everyone
Death is coming down, now when we will survive
We're gonna die
The new world is here to wipe out our lives
The new world, we can't survive
The new world left God in everything and everyone
The new world does not include us
The new world is here to wipe out our lives
The new world, we can't survive
The new world left God in everything and everyone
(Narnia)
(Narnia)
No one believed her
No one imagined it was true
No one could see her
Winter haven coming into view
She says she's seen the land beyond
She says she's walked her Babylon
She felt the cold beneath her feet
Where time stood still
Where the winter won't sleep
(Where the winter won't sleep)
I've seen the New World
(Like nothin' before, Just step through the doorway)
Into a New World
(Into Narnia)
I've seen the New World
(Like nothin' before, Just step through the doorway)
Into a New World
(Into Narnia)
All hope was fading
A darkness far beyond their might
But love came crusading
On the wings of healing sacrifice
He gave them somethin' to believe
Came back in all his majesty
He conquered evil through his love
Inhibited the land they were dreamin' of
(Love came crusading)
I've seen the New World
(Like nothin' before, Just step through the doorway)
Into a New World
(Into Narnia)
I've seen the New World
(Like nothin' before, Just step through the doorway)
Into a New World
(Into Narnia)
I never dreamed it but it seems that he's alive again
Shakin' his mane he's just the same as I remember him
The spell is wakening with every breath he's breathin' in
And when I love it he's our king again
(There, just behind the waterfalls)
(I've seen a New World.)
Into a New World
(Into Narnia)
I've seen the New World
(Like nothin' before, Just step through the doorway)
Into a New World
(Into Narnia)
I've seen the New World
(Like nothin' before, Just step through the doorway)
Into a New World
(Into Narnia)
Into a New World
This is our world but they destroy it they'll watch it burn in hell
This is our world but they destroy it they'll watch it burn in hell
This is your time you are the sign they can't take that away
This is your dream hear the future scream for a brand new day
One two buckle my shoe
Three four knock on the door
Five six pick up sticks
Seven eight then it's to late
This is our world they burn it so they burn in Hell
This is our world they burn it so they burn in Hell ¨C burn in hell
Watch the clock you watch it tic you watch it toc
Watch the slip of time this our world it's not yours it's not mine
This is the dream this is the time we can make it turn
We can't just watch can't just watch as it burns
This our world and we destroy it we need to save ourselves
One two ¡
This is our world they burn it so they burn in hell
This is our world they burn it so they burn in hell ¨C burn in hell
Can't you see that this is our world
Time people might say
Isn't it grand and sometimes unfair?
Climb as high as you can
Talk to the stars and kiss them for me
Is this your world? So far away
All that you know, all gone away
Life isn't it vague?
Haziness, thoughts of one's reason to live
Fly so far away
Over the clouds and wait for me there
Is this your world? So far away
All that you know, all gone away, so far away
As I watched the sun touch down
To the last point of a dark, pale, violent night
Endless thoughts flowed through my mind
Like faint rainbows caressing the skies
We are the new world love clan
Crimes based on position
Not of a constant just a transition
Love is what they say
Binding the last safe thing but steals it away
Is this your world? So far away
All that you know, all gone away
Is this your world? So far away
All that you know, all gone away
IsnÅ it nice that we can dream
Of all the places we can't see
Fly over oceans wide
Do all the things we never tried
And isn't it strange how you can go
Back to a home you've never known
It's like you were there before
A place you've been searching for
The new world waits inside your dream
And your heart leads the way
Isn't it nice to feel so free
And love the way love's supposed to be
Never with hurt or pain
And never with something else to gain
And isn't it strange it seems so clear
That you have nothing here to fear
But somehow the morning light
Fades all the things you see at night
The new world waits inside your dream
And your heart knows the way
But isn't it nice to let it go
On to the life you'll someday know
And let the real world fade away
Once you're there
You'll know that you're inside
You can't turn back
When you open your eyes
The new world waits inside your dream
And your heart knows the way
But isn't it nice to let it go
On to the life you'll someday know
And let the real world fade away
Isn't it nice to let it go
On to the life your soul will know
and let the real world fade away
There's this place that I know
where they take everything slow
You are the one I would take with me
It's the perfect place to be with a girl like you
if you wanted to we could leave right now
It's the perfect time
It's the perfect day we should get away come on let's go
Did you mean what you said?
cause it sounded so true
is real really dead
cause it looks so damn good
Read you loud and clear
I know I'm all done hear
Verse 1:
Staring the stars, feeling the winds everytime
I cannot stop thinking of you, since you've been gone away from here
Shedding the tears, crying out loud for once
'Cause you are such a precious part of me and there's no one who'll fill my
Broken heart
Oh but now, I have realized the reason why I live in this world, [be with]
Have left me here alone, I found the way where I can get hope for the
Future
CHORUS 1:
Baby, I'm gonna see the New World with nothing but the love you gave me
Only thing I can do, is to trust the time we shared
Baby, I'm gonna go to the New World with nothing but the strength you gave
There's nothing to be afraid of, I know you'll [love me] anywhere I should
Even if it is dark and hard times for me, I don't wanna give up my heart
Verse 2:
Having a dream, basking in the sun everyday
I'm starting to think that I forgive, though the pain of us still hurts me
Making me smile, making me laugh many times
Like everything is gentle to me because you are making it so
Then now I have realized the reason why I live in this world, it's not to
[Throw us] what they truly mean
I will make, should've built the beautiful days together
(Repeat Chorus 1)
Bridge:
Pray for all of the things in this world
Have belief in the power of the love
Sing a song of tomorrow
Now we are, [now before we] come to life again
I knew they will come to you, for you
CHORUS 2:
Baby, I'm gonna see the New World with nothing but the love you gave me
Only thing I can do is to trust the time we shared
Baby, I'm gonna go to the New World with nothing but the strength you gave
There's nothing to be afraid of, I know you'll [love me] anywhere we should
Even if it is dark and hard times for us, I wouldn't give up our heart
Oooh
Ooh yeah
My withering dreams
are clouds in the sky
formless memories shaped by the wind
whispering fears that follow me
reflecting faces I'll see till the end
crystal blue clear water invites me
memories fade I jump in
enduring the tide and the pound of the ocean
I'm carried by waves from my sin
wishing on my star
feels like floating home
on and on
holding on to some night sky
won’t drag me down
a brand new world to try
again
looking now
I see
everything
your light in the night
from the stars is what I see
and in with faith my feet hit the ground
I know that they hold my memories tightly
somewhere they'll never be found
holding on to some night sky
won’t drag me down
wishing on my star
holding on to some night sky
Well I married a girl this year
she tumbled down into my heart
caught me up in a brave new world
made me look where I thought not
And so we received a gift this year
a tiny smiling piece of us
and i just hope that i can be
what i want to be, for all of us.
I'm so glad you're both here with me
I'm glad she dropped into our lives
stay awhile and we will see
what kind of family we can be.
so smile your little smile for me today
throw some sunshine on the dark
she watches me, as I cross the room
tied to me, as I am to you
and i'm so glad your here with me
i'm glad she dropped into our lives
stay awhile and we will see
I'm screaming with passions,
I'm smiling over death,
I'm walking in outer ocean,
I’m walking in evening pool.
All is shinning around me.
I love everything around me.
The touch of the sunset and fresh air
Give me the shivers down my spine.
Ecstasy of the space I find in.
I'm following the star advice
The star of power and l i b e r t y.
Take the air, fly above and go with me.
I'm flying above the scenery of sorrow and pain
and above the valley and woods above the craters
to the clouds high above and their splendour
as far as the sun above the s p a c e
beyond the dike of an ether
The gate of hell is opening
With every single sin that's committed
The Road to perdition is getting longer
With exclamations from the shelters
I feel tired
I See hopes are nearly lost
I'm about to be exhausted
Everlasting greed and cupidity
Inhumanity reign in the cities
Innocent lives are taken by dirty hands
Crimson rivers are flowing on the streets
Babies are born marked by the guilty past
Open their eyes in irresistible agony
Crying out what is our sin?
The brand new world is rising
There is no dream and no feelings
Serenity has almost died out
[Hyorin] Sistar! This is new world baby!
Let me tell you 'bout yout attitude.
Be confident, do not give up.
Yeah, I got chu baby~!
[All] Oh uh uh uh yeah yeah uh uh uh
Wow wow uh uh uh
Yeah yeah oh uh uh uh
[Bora] Amuri naega yeppeodo
Jeoldaero jjoljimalgo
Yeojeonhi mitgiji anhado urin
Brand new couple ro
Naega boyeojul uri apgiren
The magic carpet ride
Nuntteobomyeon
Oh my god sweety paradise
[Hyorin] Ttande boji malgo
Meori geurkji malgo
Bingbing dolliji malgo
Nal jom chyeodabwa
Gudi jjibeoseo mareun anhaedo
Dangdanghaji motan
Neon jeongmal dapdaphae yeah
[All] Please be snooty baby
[Soyu] Jogeumman deo namjadapge
Dagawa nal jabajullae
[All] Just be snooty baby
[Soyu] Saenggakboda meosinneun neoran kkok boyeojullae
[All] Come and fly ah ah uh oh oh
[Hyorin] Ireoke joheunde
Neoraseo choegoinde Baby
[All] Come and smile ah ah uh oh oh
[Hyorin] Ireoke joheunde
I yeah ttwi ttwieoolla
[All] Oh uh uh uh yeah yeah uh uh uh
Wow wow uh uh uh
Yeah yeah oh uh uh uh
[Bora] Nareul jabeun neoui hyanggi
Ne gobaeksogui yonggi
Ilchorado ijeobeorindamyeon
Neon yeongwonhi good bye (bye)
It's new world
Amu saenggangmalgo naege matgyeobwa
It's new world
Yeogi right here sweety paradise
[Dasom] Hetgallyeo hajima
Meori gullijima
Heundeulliji jom malgo
Stand up, wake up! Boy
Gwaenhan geokjeongdeul chiugo
Oh baby come to me now ooh ooh
[All] Please be snooty baby
[Soyu] Jogeumman deo namjadapge
Dagawa nal jabajullae
[All] Just be snooty baby
[Soyu] Saenggakboda meosinneun neoran kkok boyeojullae
[All] Come and fly ah ah uh oh oh
[Hyorin] Ireoke joheunde
Neoraseo choegoinde Baby
[All] Come and smile ah ah uh oh oh
[Hyorin] Ireoke joheunde
I yeah ttwi ttwieoolla
[Hyorin] Jigeumbuteo nae mal sorijilleo oechyeobwa
[Bora] Uh uh uh yeah yeah
Uh uh uh yeah yeah
[Hyorin] Amusaenggak haji malgo haneulwiro soneul pyeogo
[Dasom] Let's do the countdown 4 3 2 1!
[All] Come and fly ah ah uh oh oh
[Hyorin] Ireoke joheunde
Neoraseo choegoinde Baby
[All] Come and smile ah ah uh oh oh
[Hyorin] Ireoke joheunde
I yeah ttwi ttwieoolla
[All] Oh uh uh uh yeah yeah uh uh uh
Wow wow uh uh uh
I sat in my room
So dismal and blue
Feeling that I can
Communicate with you
So I picked up my thoughts
Picked up paper and pen
I know there are causes to defend
Now everybody stand up
Let?s spread these words
Around the neighborhood
Return to the source, all isn't lost
Now the world is changing
Beyond recognition
And it?s not too late
Don?t seal your fate
With radiation, with pollution
And all that confusion
It?s not too late
For making a new world
It?s not too late
For making a better world
It?s not too late
Tell me nanimo wakaranai no demo
You say itsumo sonna kotoba mo
Surechigau dake no You find another way
Owatteku sekai wo tobidashite You know?
Hello Hello It's a New World
Hikari yori hayaku monokuro no supiido de
Hello Hello It's a New World
Jikan yori tooku kakenukeru You're so far away
Baby remoneedo nagesuteta no mou
Too sweet chokoreeto hobattetara
Sukoshizutsu tokeru hitokakera de
Kawarihajimeru So slow
Can't you feel it everywhere?
Hello Hello Mr. Moonlight
Arifureta yoru wo nana-iro ni nurikaete
Hello Hello Mr. Moonlight
Tsukiakari abite kasoku-suru
Drivin' through the night
Hello Hello It's a New World
Hikari yori hayaku monokuro no supiido de
Hello Hello It's a New World
Jikan yori tooku kakenukeru You're so far away
Hello Hello Mr. Moonlight
Arifureta yoru wo nana-iro ni nurikaete
Hello Hello Mr. Moonlight
Tsukiakari abite kasoku-suru
You live for tomorrow but you're dying today
You pay your dues but who do you pay
When right is wrong and wrong is right
And there's no more day, you're living in night
IT'S A NEW WORLD YOU BETTER LEARN TO DIE
IT'S A NEW WORLD YOU BETTER LEARN TO STARVE
IT'S A NEW WORLD YOU BETTER LEARN TO KILL
IT'S A NEW WORLD AND YOU'RE AT WAR
A new world where movie stars govern
And all the mutants fry in ovens
I turn on the TV and watch people die
Don't be afraid
I just wanted to see the sun
Hold it the one last time
I just wanted to touch the sky
Wanted to feel the rain
The shine
Another year of misery
In perfect harmony, yeah
All she things that should not be
Stay tuned to this world
They do all exist in me
Reflecting on democracy, yeah
Another blind man crossed the street
Full of hopes and naugtity dreams
Yeah, bound to the war
I don't wanna hear no more, it's just a
Screaming memory, yeah
Screaming memory, yeah
Screaming memory
Yeah, too blind for this war
I don't wanna hear no more, but just a
NEW WORLD, NEW WORLD
Get all the blind to see
'Cause the plague is calling
In our whole world, get me?
NEW WORLD, NEW WORLD
A brave new world to be
'Cause the blind man's mission
In our whole world thr?s me
Screaming memories...
NEW WORLD, NEW WORLD...
Old man starting down the street
Poor man no will to be, yeah
Lost everything, oh dear
Not the day for thee one
Waiting far in distance
Settle down and rest in peace
Shoot 'em down and meet the beast
Sad and real is the only mission
And their grinnin' makes you frown
I'm the plague
To make your ass go down
Screaming memories...
Train-whistles, a sweet clementine
Blueberries, dancers in line
Cobwebs, a bakery sign
Ooooh - a sweet clementine
Ooooh - dancers in line
Ooooh ...
If living is seeing
I'm holding my breath
In wonder - I wonder
What happens next?
A new world, a new day to see
I'm softly walking on air
Halfway to heaven from here
Sunlight unfolds in my hair
Ooooh - I'm walking on air
Ooooh - to heaven from here
Ooooh ...
If living is seeing
I'm holding my breath
In wonder - I wonder
What happens next?
A new world, a new day to see
Raised the prices yesterday
At the grocery store
Reckless man hanging out front
Always against the bard
Can we ever solve these problems
In our changing world
Will our children ever get to play out in the yard
There's a new kind of world that's taking over
It's got devils, it's got angels,
Sitting on my shoulder
It's a new kind of world that's taking over
Yet no more second chances
Ain't no turning back
Living in this epidemic, population surge
Will the future of tomorrow, hoe what they deserve
How much further can we go with all these spinning wheels
And will my children recognize the world that we all build
There's a new kind of world that's taking over
It's got devils, it's got angels,
Sitting on my shoulder
It's a new kind of world that's taking over
Yet no more second chances
Ain't no turning back 3x
raised the prices yesterday
at the grocery store
reckless man hangin out front
always gets ignored
can we ever solve these problems
in our changing world?
will our children ever get
to play out in the yard?
CHORUS
theres a new kinda world thats takin over
its got devils its got angels sittin on my shoulders
theres a new kinda world thats takin over
there aint no miles, second chances
there aint no turnin back
living in this epidimic
population surge
will the future of tomorrow
what will they deserve?
how much further can we go
with all these spinnin wheels?
& will my children recognize
the world we all built?
The wind blows the palms
he was torn from your arms
and he sailed away
the sun burns the sand
you can still feel his hand
as you heard him say
in the words of the islands
I'll return one day.
Kara
Kara
Kara Kimbiay
the stars will guide ma on my way
Kara
Kara
Kara Kimbiay
Kara
Kara wait for me
when I return across the sea
Kara
Kara
I'll be back to stay.
The sun disappears
and the sky's not so clear
as he sailed away
the life that you lead's
not the life that you need
you still hear her say
your words are the words
you will hear while you're away.
Kara
Kara...
Where the sea and the sand
wash together
you hope to spend your lives for ever
where the sun meets the moon
you'll be together
together again very soon.
Kara
Kara...
There's a light on the sea
and the wind blows the trees
and he's on his way
as you run through the sand
you can hear him say
Kimbiay
Kimbiay
Come in
sit down
pull up a chair.
Speak the truth when you tell me your cares;
Don't be afraid to talk to your brother
get a hold of yourself an' dry up your tears.
We'll start at the start
and end at the end
you'll find that your mind might possibly mend
I'm sure I can help you 'cos you can't help yourself.
Have you fallen in love again
have you falen in love again ?
Sister Jane
you've gone and changed your name
you gotta get out soon
before you go insane
before the town starts talkin'
and they see you out walkin'
it sure does seem a shame
it sure does seem a shame.
Sister Jane
you've gone and changed your name
and I suggest you catch
the twelve forty five 'plane
before the fam'ly finds out
just what you've done
and holds you at the point of a gun
and that ain't gobnna be much fun.
Sister Jane.
We'll talk of the future
we'll talk of the past
the odds were against you it never could last
you can't think opinions will change overnight
when you know what you've done just ain't right.
You don't mean to tell me you've finally done it
you played at the game and you thought you had won it
and now that you find that you're way out of line
well
some people call it a crime
yeah you really have done it this time.
Sister Jane
you've gone and changed your name
you gotta get out soon...
Sister Jane.
You told me the truth
you opened your mind
said I would listen
and help you unwind
my dear Sister Jane you've caused nothing but pain
and I really must tell you this time.
I knew all along you had to go wrong
in this kind of town you could never belong
I'm sorry for you
and I'm sorry for me
this is the way it should end
Tom Tom lived for all he could give
and he stood by his father's side
then into his world came a sweet younf girl
and he took her for his bride
he took her for his bride.
Tom Tom turn around
don't ever let me down
don't ever leave me my life
Tom Tom turn around
don't ever let me down
take me for your wife
please take me for your wife.
Tom Tom's called away
but his wife says
stay !
though he never had to leave before
sweet young wife
only fears for the good life
that she may see no more
and then he hers her call.
Tom Tom turn around...
You can't leave your wife
you can't leave your wife
Tom Tom returns
but only to learn there was truth
in the words he'd ignored
sweet young wife
found a new kind of life
and a strong man's heart was torn
will he always hear that call ?
Tom Tom turn around...
Tom Tom's alone in a world of his own
when he hears a new voice call
'be my man - I'll do all that I can'.
Is that what he's been waiting for
RELEASE
ALBUMS
- Tom Tom Turnaround
- Kara Kara
- Sister Jane
- But Not Afraid to Dream
- Sleep in the Sun
- Lord of the Dance
- Rooftop Singing
- Rose Garden
- Morning Has Broken
- Sitting in the Sun
- Yesterday's Gone
- Old Shep
- Sally's a Lady
- Killing Me Softly With Her Song
- Something's Wrong
- If You Could Read My Mind
- Living Next Door to Alice
- Do You Wanna Dance
- Tom Tom Turnaround
- Kara Kara
- Living Next Door to Alice
- Sister Jane
- Rose Garden
- Rooftop Singing
- Lay Me Down
- Lord of the Dance
- Ain't Nobody Ever Gonna Wonder Why
- Something to Say
- First Steps
- Summer in My Eyes
- The Honey Wind Blows
- Something's Wrong
- Rain
- Cowboy Convention
- I'll Catch the Sun
- Little Play Soldier
- Try to Remember
- Lo and Behold
- The Puppy Song
- Kara Kara (German version)
- Summer in My Eye
- The Honeywind Blows
- Something's Wrong
- Rain
- Cowboy Convention
- Tom-Tom Turnaround
- The Puppy Song
- I'll Catch the Sun
- Little Play Soldiers
- Try to Remember
- Lo and Behold
- Lay Me Down
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Antonin Dvorak - New World Symphony (Full)
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 42:37
- Updated: 12 Mar 2013
The Symphony No. 9 in E Minor "From the New World", Op. 95, B. 178, popularly known as the New World Symphony, was composed by Antonín Dvořák in 1893 during ...
http://wn.com/Antonin_Dvorak_New_World_Symphony_Full
The Symphony No. 9 in E Minor "From the New World", Op. 95, B. 178, popularly known as the New World Symphony, was composed by Antonín Dvořák in 1893 during ...
Dvořák: Symphony No. 9 "From The New World" / Karajan · Vienna Philarmonic
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 43:51
- Updated: 12 Mar 2013
Great presentation of the Great Wiener Philharmoniker conducted by Herbert von Karajan, playing the 9th Symphony of Antonin Dvorak "From the new world". Gran...
http://wn.com/Dvořák_Symphony_No_9_From_The_New_World_Karajan_·_Vienna_Philarmonic
Great presentation of the Great Wiener Philharmoniker conducted by Herbert von Karajan, playing the 9th Symphony of Antonin Dvorak "From the new world". Gran...
- published: 22 Sep 2011
- views: 607729
- author: Josep489
The New World Order- Secret Societies and Biblical Prophecy
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 146:14
- Updated: 11 Mar 2013
Learn more about the history of the new world order as it pertains to modern times and what's going on in the news today. From kabalists, to gnostics, knight...
http://wn.com/The_New_World_Order_Secret_Societies_and_Biblical_Prophecy
Learn more about the history of the new world order as it pertains to modern times and what's going on in the news today. From kabalists, to gnostics, knight...
- published: 25 Jul 2012
- views: 259753
- author: kytekutter
*AGE OF DECEIT* (FULL) Fallen Angels and the New World Order
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 151:33
- Updated: 12 Mar 2013
http://canarycryradio.com http://facelikethesun.com http://ageofdeceit.com Full length feature of Age of Deceit: Fallen Angels and the New World Order. A bib...
http://wn.com/*AGE_OF_DECEIT*_FULL_Fallen_Angels_and_the_New_World_Order
http://canarycryradio.com http://facelikethesun.com http://ageofdeceit.com Full length feature of Age of Deceit: Fallen Angels and the New World Order. A bib...
- published: 25 Sep 2011
- views: 1587241
- author: FaceLikeTheSun
Invisible Empire A New World Order Defined Full (Order it at Infowars.com)
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 134:01
- Updated: 11 Mar 2013
Jason Bermas presents Invisible Empire: A New World Order Defined produced by Alex Jones. The film can be ordered here http://infowars-shop.stores.yahoo.net/...
http://wn.com/Invisible_Empire_A_New_World_Order_Defined_Full_Order_it_at_Infowarscom
Jason Bermas presents Invisible Empire: A New World Order Defined produced by Alex Jones. The film can be ordered here http://infowars-shop.stores.yahoo.net/...
- published: 15 Apr 2010
- views: 3855017
- author: ChangeDaChannel
Lionel Messi ● All 91 Goals in 2012 ● New World Record
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 10:10
- Updated: 12 Mar 2013
Leo Messi breaks Gerd Müller's record! If you like my work, become a fan on facebook and follow me on twitter: https://facebook.com/HeilRJ https://twitter.co...
http://wn.com/Lionel_Messi_●_All_91_Goals_in_2012_●_New_World_Record
Leo Messi breaks Gerd Müller's record! If you like my work, become a fan on facebook and follow me on twitter: https://facebook.com/HeilRJ https://twitter.co...
- published: 22 Dec 2012
- views: 3237857
- author: HeilRJ03
Empire - BRIC: The new world order
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 47:05
- Updated: 11 Mar 2013
Brazil, Russia, India and China are booming whilst many other countries are struggling economically, or even crashing. When their leaders recently convened i...
http://wn.com/Empire_BRIC_The_new_world_order
Brazil, Russia, India and China are booming whilst many other countries are struggling economically, or even crashing. When their leaders recently convened i...
- published: 29 Apr 2010
- views: 76712
- author: AlJazeeraEnglish
The Power Behind the New World Order (Full Documentary)
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 142:31
- Updated: 09 Mar 2013
A film by Megiddo Films taking a Biblical perspective of the New World Order. All rights belong to Megiddo Films. Uploaded by permission.
http://wn.com/The_Power_Behind_the_New_World_Order_Full_Documentary
A film by Megiddo Films taking a Biblical perspective of the New World Order. All rights belong to Megiddo Films. Uploaded by permission.
- published: 11 May 2011
- views: 149256
- author: kytekuttertv
The strange new world of Nanoscience, narrated by Stephen Fry
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 17:27
- Updated: 10 Mar 2013
Winner Best short film at the Scinema Science film festival 2010. Where and what is nano? How will it shape our future? Nanoscience is the study of phenomena...
http://wn.com/The_strange_new_world_of_Nanoscience,_narrated_by_Stephen_Fry
Winner Best short film at the Scinema Science film festival 2010. Where and what is nano? How will it shape our future? Nanoscience is the study of phenomena...
- published: 15 Feb 2010
- views: 210575
- author: CambridgeUniversity
US Soldier Exposing Obama Martial Law New World Order Agenda!!!!
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 6:45
- Updated: 12 Mar 2013
New 2013 Gun Ban Leaked: http://church-of-illumination.com/
http://wn.com/US_Soldier_Exposing_Obama_Martial_Law_New_World_Order_Agenda!!!!
New 2013 Gun Ban Leaked: http://church-of-illumination.com/
- published: 29 Jan 2013
- views: 107494
- author: jaredthomas12345
New WORLD Order NOW?~SHOCKING PROOF!
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 15:00
- Updated: 11 Mar 2013
FREE DOWNLOAD PLEASE SHARE~all music off Youtube from redhooknoodles, and Rolling stones "sympathy for the devil" at the end.
http://wn.com/New_WORLD_Order_NOW?~SHOCKING_PROOF!
FREE DOWNLOAD PLEASE SHARE~all music off Youtube from redhooknoodles, and Rolling stones "sympathy for the devil" at the end.
- published: 13 Nov 2011
- views: 1469251
- author: BannednFlagged
New World Order Plan to Kill 90% of the Worlds Population
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 6:35
- Updated: 11 Mar 2013
THE NWO KILLS EVERY DAY THE HUMANITY WITH VIRUS,WARS,CRYSIS ECONOMIC AND WITH MANY OTHER WAYS THAT MOST OF US WE DON'T UNDERSTAND! HUMANITY I CALL YOU TO STA...
http://wn.com/New_World_Order_Plan_to_Kill_90_of_the_Worlds_Population
THE NWO KILLS EVERY DAY THE HUMANITY WITH VIRUS,WARS,CRYSIS ECONOMIC AND WITH MANY OTHER WAYS THAT MOST OF US WE DON'T UNDERSTAND! HUMANITY I CALL YOU TO STA...
- published: 03 Nov 2008
- views: 3785618
- author: HELLASEVOLUTION
George Carlin Illuminati New World Order Exposed
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:15
- Updated: 09 Mar 2013
A great piece by George Carlin, taken from his album "Life Is Worth Losing" in 2005. He talks about the Global Elite ''our owners''. He was well aware of the...
http://wn.com/George_Carlin_Illuminati_New_World_Order_Exposed
A great piece by George Carlin, taken from his album "Life Is Worth Losing" in 2005. He talks about the Global Elite ''our owners''. He was well aware of the...
- published: 09 Aug 2010
- views: 555723
- author: killuminati331
New World Order and the Chemtrails Connection
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 7:15
- Updated: 11 Mar 2013
Scientist and researcher, Rosie Bertell continues to provide damning evidence concerning the military, goverment, scientists, giant corporations (the Illumin...
http://wn.com/New_World_Order_and_the_Chemtrails_Connection
Scientist and researcher, Rosie Bertell continues to provide damning evidence concerning the military, goverment, scientists, giant corporations (the Illumin...
- published: 13 May 2007
- views: 1175347
- author: Planetgonenuts
We Are The World 25 For Haiti - Official Video
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 8:33
- Updated: 12 Mar 2013
Recorded on February 1st, 2010, in the same studio as the original 25 years earlier (Henson Recording Studios, formerly A&M; Recording Studios) "We Are The Wo...
http://wn.com/We_Are_The_World_25_For_Haiti_Official_Video
Recorded on February 1st, 2010, in the same studio as the original 25 years earlier (Henson Recording Studios, formerly A&M; Recording Studios) "We Are The Wo...
- published: 13 Feb 2010
- views: 120033966
- author: wearetheworld
A NEW WORLD SYSTEM (HD) - 2012 Documentary
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 48:13
- Updated: 11 Mar 2013
Paradise or Oblivion - A Documentary by the VENUS PROJECT FOLLOW THE LINKS TO HELP MAKE THIS DREAM A REALITY: ALL ARCHITECTS, ENGINEERS AND TECHNICAL EXPERTS...
http://wn.com/A_NEW_WORLD_SYSTEM_HD_2012_Documentary
Paradise or Oblivion - A Documentary by the VENUS PROJECT FOLLOW THE LINKS TO HELP MAKE THIS DREAM A REALITY: ALL ARCHITECTS, ENGINEERS AND TECHNICAL EXPERTS...
- published: 01 Jan 1970
- views: 113400
- author: TubeExpression
New Evo X WORLD RECORD - 3Dx Evo's 908awhp Dyno Trip
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 9:16
- Updated: 12 Mar 2013
908 AWHP is the official new EvoX world record HP holder! Huge congrats to the 3Dx crew for the success with the car! Car is owned by Chase, and built by 3D ...
http://wn.com/New_Evo_X_WORLD_RECORD_3Dx_Evo's_908awhp_Dyno_Trip
908 AWHP is the official new EvoX world record HP holder! Huge congrats to the 3Dx crew for the success with the car! Car is owned by Chase, and built by 3D ...
- published: 17 Feb 2013
- views: 468073
- author: 1320video
Wake Up Call - Remastered Edition - Full Movie
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 149:41
- Updated: 11 Mar 2013
For high quality, dual layer DVD's, please visit: http://www.projectdisobey.com Some of the topics covered in the film: The New World Order, Federal Reserve,...
http://wn.com/Wake_Up_Call_Remastered_Edition_Full_Movie
For high quality, dual layer DVD's, please visit: http://www.projectdisobey.com Some of the topics covered in the film: The New World Order, Federal Reserve,...
- published: 01 Mar 2011
- views: 331968
- author: JohnNada80
The Grand Rapids LipDub (NEW WORLD RECORD)
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 9:49
- Updated: 11 Mar 2013
SEF video (http://sefvideo.com/) & Rob Bliss Creative (http://bit.ly/TaNJc4) The international sensation that Roger Ebert calls "The Greatest Music Video Eve...
http://wn.com/The_Grand_Rapids_LipDub_NEW_WORLD_RECORD
SEF video (http://sefvideo.com/) & Rob Bliss Creative (http://bit.ly/TaNJc4) The international sensation that Roger Ebert calls "The Greatest Music Video Eve...
- published: 26 May 2011
- views: 5140644
- author: sefllc
Crossroads: Labor Pains of a New Worldview | FULL MOVIE
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 64:00
- Updated: 11 Mar 2013
Like Crossroads on Facebook » http://www.facebook.com/XroadsFilm * Join Crossroads Mailing List » http://www.CrossroadsFilm.com/Share -- CROSSROADS SYNOPSI...
http://wn.com/Crossroads_Labor_Pains_of_a_New_Worldview_|_FULL_MOVIE
Like Crossroads on Facebook » http://www.facebook.com/XroadsFilm * Join Crossroads Mailing List » http://www.CrossroadsFilm.com/Share -- CROSSROADS SYNOPSI...
- published: 31 Dec 2012
- views: 162495
- author: CrossroadsTheFilm
Brisbane - Australia's New World City 2011
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 2:21
- Updated: 11 Mar 2013
Copyright from Brisbane Marketing.
http://wn.com/Brisbane_Australia's_New_World_City_2011
EndGame HQ full length version
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 139:30
- Updated: 12 Mar 2013
Get the DVD at: http://infowars-shop.stores.yahoo.net/endgamedvd.html For the New World Order, a world government is just the beginning. Once in place they c...
http://wn.com/EndGame_HQ_full_length_version
Get the DVD at: http://infowars-shop.stores.yahoo.net/endgamedvd.html For the New World Order, a world government is just the beginning. Once in place they c...
- published: 14 Nov 2009
- views: 3076988
- author: ChangeDaChannel
Empire - The new arms race
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 47:16
- Updated: 11 Mar 2013
The world has entered a new arms race, but what justifies this global military addiction?
http://wn.com/Empire_The_new_arms_race
The world has entered a new arms race, but what justifies this global military addiction?
- published: 28 Oct 2010
- views: 119171
- author: AlJazeeraEnglish
photo: Creative Commons / Kok Leng Yeo
12 Mar 2013
unprepared and insensitive to Korean aspirations after World War II, but in the early stages leading to Korean War (1950-53) the U.S ... we lose the war to Communism in Asia the fall of Europe is inevitable."(3) In a post Cold War world and with a modernized China and Japan and Russia near Korea, should the U.S ... New York, New York ... New York, New York....(size: 4.6Kb)
photo: AP / Yonhap
11 Mar 2013
Photo. AP. SEOUL ... 'State of War' ... UN Response ... In any event, the accord doesn't permit either side to unilaterally abandon the accord because it was adopted by the UN General Assembly, he told reporters in New York ... In New York, US President Barack Obama's national security adviser, Tom Donilon, said in a speech that the US, while open to talks with North Korea,"will not play the game of accepting empty promises or yielding to threats." ... ....(size: 6.1Kb)
photo: WN / Aruna Mirasdar
10 Mar 2013
India has the largest number of child labourers under the age of 14 in the world ... As Africa becomes the new frontline in the so-called war on terror, have the Europeans learnt from America's mistakes? ... Grief and anxiety greet new Venezuela leader ... It's a man's world ... It's a man's world ... UN approves new sanctions against North Korea ... Frost Over The World ......(size: 11.6Kb)
photo: USMC / Sgt. Brian A. Tuthill
11 Mar 2013
and coalition service members and killed several on both sides," a NATO spokesman told the AFP news agency ... 268 Source. ... As Africa becomes the new frontline in the so-called war on terror, have the Europeans learnt from America's mistakes? ... It's a man's world ... It's a man's world ... UN approves new sanctions against North Korea ... Frost Over The World 101 East One on One Counting The Cost Talk to Al Jazeera Empire The Cafe Al Jazeera World ... ....(size: 6.4Kb)
photo: AP / Dmitry Lovetsky
12 Mar 2013
They then take their oath of secrecy and will be banned from communicating with the outside world remaining secluded until the new pope has been elected ... Only 24 percent of the world's 1.2 billion Catholics live in Europe and numbers there are declining ... Latin America accounts for 40 percent of the world's faithful, so some insiders see a cardinal from there, Brazilian Cardinal Odilo Scherer, emerging as a favorite....(size: 3.7Kb)
Forbes
12 Mar 2013
New World Development, the Hong Kong conglomerate controlled by billionaire Cheng Yu-tung, is eyeing the spinoff of its some its hotel and hospitality assets amid a regional boom in the industry ... New World has ... New World’s hotel business is overseen by Sonia Cheng, Cheng’s granddaughter....(size: 1.5Kb)
South China Morning Post
12 Mar 2013
New World Development is expected to raise US$800 million to US$1 billion from the spin-off of its hospitality assets ... "[New World's] core operations remain intact and there is a more clear focus with the company virtually just the Hong Kong residential, commercial development and rental [operations], with other operations under listing vehicles," it said ... New World shares closed 0.14 per cent firmer at HK$14 yesterday....(size: 2.2Kb)
Seattle Post
12 Mar 2013
At current rates of CO2 emissions, scientists expect New England to have summers resembling the Deep South within decades. An exhibit at the Yale Peabody Museum of Natural History in New Haven teaches visitors about these changes that are taking place in our lifetimes ... And that goes for a host of other quintessentially New England products, from lobsters to cranberries to blueberries ... New south....(size: 9.9Kb)
Houston Chronicle
12 Mar 2013
At current rates of CO2 emissions, scientists expect New England to have summers resembling the Deep South within decades. An exhibit at the Yale Peabody Museum of Natural History in New Haven teaches visitors about these changes that are taking place in our lifetimes ... And that goes for a host of other quintessentially New England products, from lobsters to cranberries to blueberries ... New south....(size: 9.9Kb)
Huffington Post
12 Mar 2013
The heaviest living athlete in the world is Sumo wrestler Emmanuel 'Manny' Yarborough, of Rahway, New Jersey, USA ... Lucy, a mini Yorkshire terrier from Absecon, New Jersey, is now in the Guinness Book of World Records ... Guinness World's Records confirmed on August 10, 2011 a new world record and the debut of the World's Largest Fishing Lure, weighing more than 355 pounds and measuring more than 12 feet....(size: 16.2Kb)
National Public Radio
12 Mar 2013
It was the rapidly expanding industries of power generation, of railroads and steamships, that gave birth to the new worlds of human behavior that emerged from the industrial revolution. In the tumble and tumult of all that change, scientists recognized new possibilities for describing and understanding the world and the science of thermodynamics was born....(size: 3.9Kb)
noodls
12 Mar 2013
Using over-eye visors that can be worn like a hat or active contact lenses and pre-programmed content on remote computers, children will be able step into fantastical new worlds together. As well as creating new virtual environments around them, kids will also interact with each other and the creatures, people and characters that inhabit their new ......(size: 8.8Kb)
PR Newswire
12 Mar 2013
... reachable from throughout the world ... "We believe in the iNum concept of one number for the new world, in which businesses thrive on local presence and global relationships not limited by distance or borders." ... Voxbone launched the iNum community in 2008 to provide a new kind of global phone number for a new kind of world not bound by geography....(size: 5.0Kb)
The Times of India
12 Mar 2013
It is a destination where fine taste and world class amenities come together to make your life a cherished journey ... This township does not merely give you a place to call of your own; rather it gives you a whole new world of comfort, luxury and digital living along with round the clock water and power supply, piped gas supply and well planned roads....(size: 3.5Kb)
m&c;
12 Mar 2013
The drama portrays the world of these Dark Age raiders, traders, explorers not from an outsiders view, but, through the eyes of Viking society ... It follows the adventures of Ragnar Lothbrok (Travis Fimmel), a curious, compelling man who is always looking to break through barriers and discover new worlds to conquer....(size: 2.1Kb)
Business Wire
12 Mar 2013
"I started this school because I believe the world needs more heroes. By training a few select entrepreneurial heroes each quarter, I think that Draper University can start to help save the world economy, cure any disease, explore new worlds of innovation, and spread free markets and competitive governance,” said Tim Draper, founder and managing director at Draper Fisher Jurvetson and founder of Draper University....(size: 6.4Kb)
Reuters
12 Mar 2013
* New World Development up on spinoff plan ... products that do not conform to new rules by end-April ... Shares of New World Development climbed 2.1 percent after the Hong Kong property developer said it is considering a possible spin-off and separate listing of some hospitality assets. Before Tuesday, New World shares were languishing near a December low....(size: 3.5Kb)
For other uses, see New World (disambiguation).
The New World is one of the names used for the Western Hemisphere, specifically the Americas and sometimes Oceania (Australasia). The term originated in the early 16th century, shortly after America was discovered by European explorers, expanding the geographical horizon of the people of the European Middle Ages, who had thought of the world as consisting of Europe, Asia, and Africa only: collectively now referred to as the Old World. The Americas were also referred to as the "fourth part of the world".
Contents |
Name origin[link]
The term was first coined by the Florentine explorer Amerigo Vespucci, in a letter written to his patron Lorenzo di Pier Francesco de' Medici in the Spring of 1503, and published (in Latin) in 1503-04 under the title Mundus Novus. Vespucci's letter contains arguably the first explicit articulation in print of the hypothesis that the lands discovered by European navigators to the west were not the edges of Asia, but rather an entirely different continent, a "New World".[1]
Vespucci probably came to this realization in June of 1502, during a famous chance meeting between two different expeditions at the watering stop of "Bezeguiche" (the Bay of Dakar, Senegal) - his own outgoing expedition, on its way to chart the coast of newly-discovered Brazil, and the vanguard ships of the Second Portuguese India armada of Pedro Alvares Cabral, returning home from India. Having already visited the Americas in prior years, Vespucci probably found it difficult to reconcile what he had already seen in the West Indies, with what the returning sailors told him of the East Indies. Vespucci wrote a preliminary letter to Lorenzo, while anchored at Bezeguiche, which he sent back with the Portuguese fleet - at this point only expressing a certain puzzlement about his conversations.[2] Vespucci was finally persuaded when he proceeded on his mapping expedition through 1501-02, covering the huge stretch of coast of eastern Brazil. After returning from Brazil, in the Spring of 1503, Amerigo Vespucci composed the Mundus Novus letter in Lisbon to Lorenzo in Florence, with its famous opening paragraph:[3]
In passed days I wrote very fully to you of my return from new countries, which have been found and explored with the ships, at the cost and by the command of this Most Serene King of Portugal; and it is lawful to call it a new world, because none of these countries were known to our ancestors and all who hear about them they will be entirely new. For the opinion of the ancients was, that the greater part of the world beyond the equinoctial line to the south was not land, but only sea, which they have called the Atlantic; and even if they have affirmed that any continent is there, they have given many reasons for denying it is inhabited. But this opinion is false, and entirely opposed to the truth. My last voyage has proved it, for I have found a continent in that southern part; full of animals and more populous than our Europe, or Asia, or Africa, and even more temperate and pleasant than any other region known to us.
Vespucci's letter was a European publishing sensation, immediately (and repeatedly) reprinted in several other countries.[4]
The Spanish scholar Peter Martyr d'Anghiera used the term "New World"[5] with some twenty editions over the next four years.
In 1524, the term was also used by Giovanni da Verrazzano in a record of his voyage that year along the Atlantic coast of land that is now part of the United States and Canada.[6]
Usage and definition[link]
The terms "Old World" vs. "New World" are primarily meaningful in historical context and for the purpose of distinguishing the world's major ecozones. One can speak of the "New World" in a historical context, e.g., when discussing the voyages of Christopher Columbus, the Spanish conquest of Yucatán and other events of the colonial period; additionally, the term "New World" is sometimes used in a biological context, when one speaks of Old World (Palearctic, Afrotropic) and New World species (Nearctic, Neotropic).
Criticism of term[link]
The term has been criticized as being Eurocentric, patronizing and also for taking an apologetic tone with regard to colonialism.[7]
See also[link]
References[link]
- ^ M.H.Davidson (1997) Columbus Then and Now, a life re-examined. Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, p.417)
- ^ This preliminary letter was not published, but retained in manuscript form. It is reproduced in F.A. de Varnhagen (1865: p.78-82).
- ^ English translation of Mundus Novus as found in Markham (1894: p.42-52)
- ^ Varnhagen, Amerígo Vespucci (1865: p.13-26) provides side-by-side reproductions of both the 1503 Latin version Mundus Novus, and the 1507 Italian re-translation "El Nuovo Mondo de Lengue Spagnole interpretato in Idioma Ro. Libro Quinto" (from Paesi Nuovamente retrovati). The Latin version of Mundus Novus was reprinted many times (see Varnhagen, 1865: p.9 for a list of early reprints).
- ^ de Madariaga, Salvador (1952) (in Castilian). Vida del muy magnífico señor Don Cristóbal Colón (5th ed.). Mexico: Editorial Hermes. p. 363. ""nuevo mundo", [...] designación que Pedro Mártyr será el primero en usar"
- ^ Verrazzano, Giovanni da (1524). "The Written Record of the Voyage of 1524 of Giovanni da Verrazzano as recorded in a letter to Francis I, King of France, July 8th, 1524". Citing: Wroth, Lawrence C., ed. (1970). The Voyages of Giovanni da Verrazzano, 1524-1528. Yale, pp. 133-143. Citing: a translation by Susan Tarrow of the Cellere Codex.
- ^ , (1970). . The New Press, pp. 65.
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http://wn.com/New_World
Related pages:
http://it.wn.com/Nuovo Mondo
http://cs.wn.com/Nový svět
http://id.wn.com/Dunia Baru
http://es.wn.com/Nuevo Mundo
http://ru.wn.com/Новый Свет
http://pl.wn.com/Nowy Świat (geografia)
http://fr.wn.com/Nouveau Monde
http://de.wn.com/Neue Welt
http://nl.wn.com/Nieuwe Wereld
http://pt.wn.com/Novo Mundo
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 Messi playing for Barcelona |
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| Personal information | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Full name | Lionel Andrés Messi[1] | |||||||||||
| Date of birth | (1987-06-24) 24 June 1987 (age 25)[1] | |||||||||||
| Place of birth | Rosario, Argentina[1] | |||||||||||
| Height | 1.69 m (5 ft 7 in)[1] | |||||||||||
| Playing position | Forward | |||||||||||
| Club information | ||||||||||||
| Current club | Barcelona | |||||||||||
| Number | 10 | |||||||||||
| Youth career | ||||||||||||
| 1995–2000 | Newell's Old Boys | |||||||||||
| 2000–2003 | Barcelona | |||||||||||
| Senior career* | ||||||||||||
| Years | Team | Apps† | (Gls)† | |||||||||
| 2003–2004 | Barcelona C | 8 | (5) | |||||||||
| 2004–2005 | Barcelona B | 22 | (6) | |||||||||
| 2004– | Barcelona | 214 | (169) | |||||||||
| National team‡ | ||||||||||||
| 2005 | Argentina U20 | 16 | (11) | |||||||||
| 2008 | Argentina U23 | 5 | (2) | |||||||||
| 2005– | Argentina | 68 | (22) | |||||||||
|
Honours
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| * Senior club appearances and goals counted for the domestic league only and correct as of 22:30, 13 May 2012 (UTC). † Appearances (Goals). |
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Lionel Andrés Messi (Spanish pronunciation: [ljoˈnel anˈdɾes ˈmesi], born 24 June 1987) is an Argentine footballer who plays in La Liga for FC Barcelona and is the captain of the Argentina national team, mainly as a forward.
By the age of 21, Messi had received Ballon d'Or and FIFA World Player of the Year nominations. The following year in 2009 he won both the Ballon d'Or[2] and FIFA World Player of the Year, and won the inaugural FIFA Ballon d'Or in 2010 and 2011.[3] He also won the 2010–11 UEFA Best Player in Europe Award. Messi is the fourth football player to win three Ballons d'Or, after Johan Cruyff, Michel Platini and Marco van Basten and the second player to win three consecutive Ballons d'Or, after Michel Platini. His playing style and small stature have drawn comparisons to Diego Maradona, who himself declared Messi as his "successor".[4][5]
Messi has won five La Liga titles and three Champions League titles. In 2012, Messi made UEFA Champions League history by becoming the first player to score five goals in one match, in a 7–1 win against Bayer Leverkusen.[6] With two goals in the next round against A.C. Milan, he matched José Altafini's record of 14 goals in a single UEFA Champions League/European Cup season.[7] He also became the first player to top-score in four successive European Champion Clubs' Cup campaigns.[8][9] He set the world record for most goals scored in a season during the 2011–12 season, with 73 goals.[10]
Messi was the top scorer of the 2005 FIFA World Youth Championship with six goals. In 2006, he became the youngest Argentine to play in the FIFA World Cup and he won a runners-up medal at the Copa América tournament the following year. In 2008, he won his first international honour, an Olympic gold medal, with the Argentina Olympic football team.
Contents |
Early life[link]
Messi was born in Rosario, Santa Fe Province, to parents Jorge Horacio Messi, a factory steel worker, and Celia María Cuccittini, a part-time cleaner.[11][12][13][14] His paternal family originates from the Italian city of Ancona, from which his ancestor, Angelo Messi, emigrated to Argentina in 1883.[15][16] He has two older brothers, Rodrigo and Matías, and a sister, María Sol.[17] At the age of five, Messi started playing football for Grandoli, a local club coached by his father Jorge.[18] In 1995, Messi switched to Newell's Old Boys who were based in his home city Rosario.[18] At the age of 11, he was diagnosed with a growth hormone deficiency.[19] Local powerhouse River Plate showed interest in Messi's progress, but did not have enough money to pay for treatment for his condition, which cost $900 a month.[14] Carles Rexach, the sporting director of FC Barcelona, had been made aware of his talent as Messi had relatives in Lleida, Catalonia, and Messi and his father were able to arrange a trial with the team.[14] Rexach, with no other paper at hand, offered Messi a contract written on a paper napkin.[20][21] Barcelona offered to pay for Messi's medical bills if he was willing to move to Spain. Messi and his father moved to Barcelona where Messi enrolled in the club's youth academy.[18][21]
Club career[link]
Barcelona[link]
Messi played in Barcelona's junior Infantil B and Cadete B & A teams from 2000 to 2003 (scoring 37 goals in 30 matches in Cadete A). Season 2003–04 saw him on a record[22] five different teams: He started one match in Juvenil B (one goal) and got promoted to Juvenil A (14 matches, 21 goals). Later he debuted for FC Barcelona C team (Tercera División) on 29 November 2003 and for FC Barcelona B (Segunda División B) on 6 March 2004. He played for both teams during the season (eight matches, five goals and five games, zero goals, respectively).[23][24][25] Even before these two debuts, Messi made his official debut for the first-team on 16 November 2003 aged 16 years and 145 days, in a friendly match against Porto.[26][27]
Less than a year after his start, Frank Rijkaard gave him his league debut against RCD Espanyol on 16 October 2004 (at 17 years and 114 days), becoming the third-youngest player ever to play for Barcelona and youngest club player who played in La Liga, which would be broken by Bojan Krkić in September 2007. When he scored his first senior goal for the club against Albacete Balompié on 1 May 2005, Messi was 17 years, ten months and seven days old, becoming the youngest to ever score in a La Liga game for Barcelona[28] until it was again broken by Bojan Krkić in 2007, scoring from a Messi assist.[29] Messi said about his ex-coach Rijkaard: "I'll never forget the fact that he launched my career, that he had confidence in me while I was only sixteen or seventeen."[30] During the season, Messi played also in Barcelona B (Segunda División B) scoring 6 goals in 17 matches.
2005–06 season[link]
On 16 September, for the second time in three months, Barcelona announced an update to Messi's contract; this time it was improved to pay him as a first team member and extended until June 2014.[18] Messi obtained Spanish citizenship on 26 September 2005[31] and was finally able to make his debut in the season's Spanish First Division. Messi's first home outing in the Champions League came on 27 September against Italian club Udinese.[26] Fans at Barcelona's stadium, the Camp Nou, gave Messi a standing ovation upon his substitution, as his composure on the ball and passing combinations with Ronaldinho had paid dividends for Barcelona.[32]
Messi netted six goals in 17 league appearances, and scored one Champions League goal in six. His season ended prematurely on 7 March 2006, however, when he suffered a muscle tear in his right thigh during the second leg of the second round Champions League tie against Chelsea.[33] Rijkaard's Barcelona ended the season as champions of Spain and Europe.[34][35]
2006–07 season[link]
In the 2006–07 season, Messi established himself as a regular first team player, scoring 14 times in 26 matches.[36] On 12 November, in the game against Real Zaragoza, Messi suffered a broken metatarsal, ruling him out for three months.[37][38] On 11 March, El Clásico saw Messi in top form, scoring a hat-trick to earn 10-man Barcelona a 3–3 draw, equalising three times, with the final equaliser coming in injury time.[39] In doing so he became the first player since Iván Zamorano (for Real Madrid in the 1994–95 season) to score a hat-trick in El Clásico.[40] Messi is also the youngest player ever to have scored in this fixture. Towards the end of the season he began finding the net more often; 11 of his 14 league goals for the season came from the last 13 games.[41]
Messi also proved the "new Maradona" tag was not all hype, by nearly replicating Maradona's most famous goals in the space of the single season.[42] On 18 April 2007, he scored two goals during a Copa del Rey semi-final against Getafe CF, one of which was very similar to Maradona's famous goal against England at the 1986 World Cup in Mexico, known as the Goal of the Century.[43] The world's sports press drew comparisons with Maradona, and the Spanish press labelled Messi as "Messidona".[44] He ran about the same distance, 62 metres (203 ft), beat the same number of players (six, including the goalkeeper), scored from a very similar position, and ran towards the corner flag just as Maradona did in Mexico 21 years before.[42] In a press conference after the game, Messi's team-mate Deco said: "It was the best goal I have ever seen in my life."[45] Against RCD Espanyol Messi also scored a goal which was remarkably similar to Maradona's 'Hand of God' goal against England in the World Cup quarter-finals. Messi launched himself at the ball and connected with his hand to guide the ball past the goalkeeper Carlos Kameni.[46] Despite protests by Espanyol players and replays showing it was clear handball, the goal stood.[46]
2007–08 season[link]
On 27 February, Messi played in his 100th official match for Barcelona against Valencia.[47]
Messi was nominated for a FIFPro World XI Player Award under the category of Forward.[48] A poll conducted in the online edition of the Spanish newspaper Marca had him as the best player in the world with 77 percent of the vote.[49] Columnists from Barcelona-based newspapers El Mundo Deportivo and Sport stated that the Ballon d'Or should be given to Messi, a view supported by Franz Beckenbauer.[50] Football personalities such as Francesco Totti have declared that they consider Messi to be one of the current best footballers in the world.[51]
Messi was sidelined for six weeks following an injury on 4 March when he suffered a muscle tear in his left thigh during a Champions League match against Celtic. It was the fourth time in three seasons that Messi suffered this type of injury.[52] When the season was over Messi managed to score 16 goals and assisted 13 times in all competition.
2008–09 season[link]
Upon Ronaldinho's departure from the club, Messi inherited his number 10 jersey.[53] During this season he placed second in the 2008 FIFA World Player of the Year awards with 678 points.
Messi scored his first hat-trick of 2009 in a Copa del Rey tie against Atlético Madrid which Barcelona won 3–1.[54] Messi scored another important double on 1 February 2009, coming on as a second half substitute to help Barcelona defeat Racing Santander 1–2 after being 1–0 down. The second of the two strikes was Barcelona's 5000th league goal.[55] On 8 April 2009, he scored twice against Bayern Munich in the Champions League, setting a personal record of eight goals in the competition.[56]
As Barcelona's season was drawing to a close, Messi scored twice (his 35th and 36th goals in all competitions) to cap a 6–2 win over Real Madrid at the Santiago Bernabéu[57] in what was Real's heaviest defeat since 1930.[58] He won his first Copa del Rey on 13 May, scoring one goal and assisting another two, in a 4–1 victory over Athletic Bilbao.[59] He helped his team win the double by winning La Liga. On 27 May he helped Barcelona win the Champions League by scoring a second goal in the 70th minute giving Barcelona a two goal lead; he also became the top scorer in the Champions League, the youngest in the tournament's history, with nine goals.[60] Messi also won the UEFA Club Forward of the Year: and the UEFA Club Footballer of the Year rounding off a spectacular year in Europe.[61] This victory meant Barcelona had won the Copa del Rey, La Liga and Champions League in the one season,[62] and was the first time a Spanish club had ever won the treble.[63]
2009–10 season[link]
—Diego Maradona, on the consequences if Messi won the 2010 World Cup[64]
After winning the 2009 UEFA Super Cup, Barcelona manager Josep Guardiola asserted that Messi was probably the best player he had ever seen.[65] On 18 September, Messi signed a new contract with Barcelona, running until 2016 and with a buy-out clause of €250 million included, making Messi, along with Zlatan Ibrahimović, the highest paid players in La Liga, with earnings of around €9.5 million yearly.[66][67]
Messi was named winner of the 2009 Ballon d'Or on 1 December 2009, beating runner-up Cristiano Ronaldo by largest ever margin of 473 to 233.[68][69][70]
On 19 December, Messi scored the winner in the final of the 2009 Club World Cup against Estudiantes in Abu Dhabi, giving the club their sixth title of the year.[71] Two days later, he was given the FIFA World Player of the Year award,[72] beating Cristiano Ronaldo, Xavi, Kaká and Andrés Iniesta to the award. This was the first time he had won the award, and he became the first Argentinian to ever receive this honour.[73] On 10 January 2010, Messi scored his first hat-trick in 2010 and his first hat-trick of the season against CD Tenerife in the 0–5 victory,[74] and on 17 January he scored his 100th goal for the club in the 4–0 victory over Sevilla.[75]
Messi scored a hat-trick against Valencia CF in a 3–0 home win,[76] and finally he scored another hat-trick against Zaragoza in a 4–2 away win,[77] becoming the first Barcelona player to score back-to-back hat-tricks in La Liga.[78] He played his 200th official match for Barcelona against Osasuna on 24 March 2010.[79]
"Once he's on the run, Messi is unstoppable. He's the only player who can change direction at such a pace."
"He is the best player in the world by some distance. He's (like) a PlayStation. He can take advantage of every mistake we make."
On 6 April 2010, for the first time in Messi's career he scored four goals in a single match, netting the lot in a 4–1 home win over Arsenal in the Champions League quarter-final second leg.[82][83] This also saw him overtake Rivaldo as Barcelona's all time greatest scorer in the competition.[84] In the final league match of the season against Valladolid, he scored two goals in the second half to tie Ronaldo's club record of 34 goals in a single league season, set in 1996–97,[85][86] and to finish four goals behind the all-time record held by Telmo Zarra.[87] He was named La Liga player of the year for the second year in a row on 3 June 2010.[88]
2010–11 season[link]
On 21 August 2010, Messi scored a hat-trick in his first start of the season in a 4–0 victory over Sevilla FC in the Supercopa de España, helping Barcelona secure their first trophy of the season after a 1–3 first leg loss.[89]
On 19 September 2010, Messi suffered an ankle injury due to an ill-advised tackle by Atlético Madrid defender Tomáš Ujfaluši in the 92nd minute of their Round 3 match at the Vicente Calderón Stadium. At first sight it was feared that Messi suffered a broken ankle that could have kept the star player away from the pitch for a minimum of six months, but MRI performed the next day in Barcelona showed he suffered a sprain in the internal and external ligaments of his right ankle.[90] Team-mate David Villa stated "the tackle on Messi was brutal" after watching the video of the play and also added that he believed the Atlético defender "didn't go into the tackle to hurt".[91] The incident caused widespread media attention and brought up the debate of equality in protecting all players in the game.
Against Almería Messi scored his second hat-trick of the season in an impressive 8–0 away win, the second of which was his 100th La Liga goal.[92]
Messi won the 2010 FIFA Ballon d'Or, beating his Barcelona teammates Xavi and Iniesta.[93] Messi had been nominated for the awards for the fourth consecutive year.[94] On 5 February, Barcelona broke the record for most consecutive league wins with 16 victories after they defeated Atlético Madrid 3–0 at the Camp Nou.[95] Lionel Messi scored a hat-trick to ensure the victory for his side and after the match he stated, "it's an honor to be able to pass a record set by a great like Di Stéfano" and "if the record has been around for so long is because it's very complicated to achieve and we have reached it by defeating a very difficult team who's going through a bad situation, which makes it even more difficult."[96]
After failing to score for a month he scored a brace against UD Almería; the second goal was his 47th of the season, equalling his club record return of the previous season.[97] He surpassed his record on 12 April 2011 by scoring the winner against Shakhtar Donetsk in a UEFA Champions League game, which put him in the record book as all time top scorer in a single season for Barcelona.[98] He scored his eighth goal on El Clásico on a 1–1 tie at the Santiago Bernabéu Stadium. On 23 April, Messi scored his 50th goal of the season against CA Osasuna in a 2–0 home victory which he came on as a substitute in the 60th minute.[99] He finished the season by winning La Liga and scoring 31 goals.
On 20 April, Barcelona were defeated by arch-rivals Real Madrid in the 2011 Copa del Rey Final. Messi set up a goal for Pedro, which was however ruled offside. Cristiano Ronaldo scored the only goal of the match in extra time. Messi was however the joint top-scorer of the tournament along with Cristiano Ronaldo, with 7 goals.[100] [101][101]
In the first leg of the Champions League semi-finals, he gave a memorable performance, scoring twice against Real Madrid in a 2–0 win, the second goal (a dribble past several players) being acclaimed as one of the best ever at that stage of the competition.[102][103] At the Champions League Final at Wembley, Messi scored the eventual game-clinching goal to give Barcelona their third title in six years and fourth overall.[104] This was also Messi's 12th goal in the Champions League that season, which allowed him to tie Ruud Van Nistelrooy's record of 12 goals in a single European Cup season, after it was re-established as the UEFA Champions League, in 1992.[101] The overall record of goals scored in a single European Cup Season, is José Altafini's record of 14 goals, which Messi did however equal in the following season.[101] Messi finished the 2010-11 season with 53 goals in all competitions.
2011–12 season[link]
Messi started the season by lifting the Spanish Supercup with Barcelona, scoring three goals and providing two assists in a 5–4 aggregate win against Real Madrid.[105] His vital interventions continued in the next official match played against Porto when he scored again following a weak back pass from Fredy Guarín before setting up Cesc Fàbregas to give Barcelona a 2–0 victory and the UEFA Super Cup,[106] then the only official competition that remained for him to score in.[107]
After scoring his first goal of an eventual hat-trick in an 8–0 rout against Osasuna, Messi produced a special celebration for Soufian, a 10-year-old Moroccan boy with Laurin Sandrow syndrome, a rare medical condition that can eventually lead to the loss of the lower extremities. Whilst Messi usually points to the sky after scoring a goal, Messi slapped his thighs as a dedication to Soufian.[108]
In August, Messi became the second highest goalscorer surpassing László Kubala on 194 goals, being behind only to César Rodríguez on 232 goals in all official competitions.[109]
On 28 September, Messi scored his first two Champions League goals of the season against BATE Borisov,[110] becoming Barcelona's second highest goalscorer in its history, tying László Kubala, at 194 goals in all official competitions.[111] He surpassed that record when he scored two goals against Racing Santander.[112] He became second in Barcelona's La Liga goalscorers list with 132 goals, one more than Kubala.[113] He scored his 200th Barcelona goal and two more as part of a hat-trick in his next game against Viktoria Plzeň in the Champions League.[114]
Messi scored a brace in the Club World Cup Final against Santos and was recognized as the man of the match and also awarded the Golden Ball for his performance during the tournament.[115]
Messi won the 2011 UEFA Best Player in Europe Award, beating his Barcelona team-mate Xavi Hernández and Real Madrid's Cristiano Ronaldo. Messi won the 2011 FIFA Ballon d'Or, again beating his team-mate Xavi and Cristiano Ronaldo. By winning the FIFA Ballon d'Or again, Messi become the fourth player to win three Ballon d'Ors, after Johan Cruyff, Michel Platini and Marco Van Basten and the second player to win three consecutive Ballon d'Ors, after Michel Platini (although two of his Ballon d'Ors are FIFA Ballon d'Ors, which he won consecutively).
On 19 February 2012, Messi, on his 200th La Liga appearance, scored four goals against Valencia in a 5–1 win.[116] On 7 March, Messi became the first player to score five goals in an UEFA Champions League match since the tournament's re-establishment in 1992, helping the defending champions Barcelona win 7–1 against Bayer Leverkusen.[117]
On 20 March, Messi scored three goals against Granada, making him FC Barcelona's leading goalscorer in official competitions, surpassing club legend César Rodríguez, who had previously held the record with 232.[118]
On 3 April, Messi scored two goals from penalty kicks against Milan in the second leg of the Champions League Quarter-final, allowing him to surpass his personal record, joint with Ruud van Nistelrooy, of 12 goals in a single UEFA Champions League season. These goals allowed him to tie José Altafini's record of 14 goals in a single European Cup season in the 1962–63 season, before the tournament's re-establishment as the UEFA Champions League in 1992.[101] Barcelona were knocked out in the semi-finals to eventual winners Chelsea.
On 11 April, Messi scored his 61th goal against Getafe, surpassing Isidro Langara's record of 60 goals in 1933–34, and became the best goalscorer in history in one season in Spain.[citation needed]
On 2 May, Messi scored a hat-trick against Málaga surpassing Gerd Müller's record (67 goals in 1972-73) with 68 goals, and thus becoming the best goalscorer in history in one season in Europe.[119] It was the 21st multi-goal game of the season for Messi and his seventh La Liga hat-trick.[120] He then scored four goals on 5 May against Espanyol to take his tally to an unprecedented 72 goals, in the process becoming only the second player to pass 70 goals in a first division season since Archie Stark of Bethlehem Steel in the American Soccer League in 1924–25.[121]
On 25 May, he scored again in the 2012 Copa del Rey Final, helping Barcelona win their 26th Spanish Cup title, and increasing his seasonal goalscoring record to an unmatched 73 goals in all competitions.[122] [123] This was also Guardiola's last match as Barcelona's manager, and the Cup win marked Messi's second Copa del Rey title, after losing the final the year before, as well as his 14th Barcelona trophy during Guardiola's 4 seasons at the club. Although Barcelona failed to win their 4th consecutive Liga title under Guardiola, finishing runners up to arch-rivals Real Madrid, Messi finished the 2011–12 season as the top goalscorer in La Liga for a second time, with a Liga record of 50 goals. He also ended the season as the UEFA Champions' League Top Scorer for a fourth consecutive time, with 14 goals.[124]
International career[link]
Often referred to as an Argentinian-Spanish player, this crossover was brought into sharp focus when in 2004, Lionel was offered the chance to play for the Spanish national U-20 team. He declined the offer given his Argentinian heritage, and was given the opportunity to play for Argentina's U-20 team in a friendly match against Paraguay in June 2004.[125] In 2005 he was part of a team that finished 3rd in 2005 South American Youth Championship in Colombia. He won the 2005 FIFA World Youth Championship in the Netherlands with the team and won the Golden Ball and the Golden Shoe,[126] scoring in the last four of Argentina's matches and netting a total of six for the tournament.
He made his full international debut on 17 August 2005 against Hungary at the age of 18. He was substituted on during the 63rd minute, but was sent off on the 65th minute because the referee, Markus Merk, claimed that Messi had allegedly elbowed defender Vilmos Vanczák, who was tugging Messi's shirt. The decision was contentious and Maradona even claimed the decision was pre-meditated. Messi was later reportedly found weeping in the changing rooms after the decision.[127][128] Messi returned to the team on 3 September in Argentina's 1–0 World Cup qualifier away defeat to Paraguay. Ahead of the match he had said "This is a re-debut. The first one was a bit short."[129] He then started his first game for Argentina against Peru, in which he was able to win a crucial penalty for Argentina; after the match Pekerman described Messi as "a jewel".[130]
On 28 March 2009, in a World Cup Qualifier against Venezuela, Messi wore the number 10 jersey for the first time with Argentina. This match was the first official match for Diego Maradona as the Argentina manager. Argentina won the match 4–0 with Messi opening the scoring.[131]
On 17 November 2010, Messi scored a last-minute goal against South American rivals Brazil after an individual effort to help his team to a 1–0 win in the friendly match, which was held in Doha. This was the first time that he had scored against Brazil at senior level.[132] Messi scored another last-minute goal on 9 February 2011 against Portugal in a penalty kick which gave his side a 2–1 victory in the friendly match, which was held in Geneva, Switzerland.[133] His first hat-trick for Albiceleste came against Switzerland, on 29 February 2012 which the game ended 3–1 for Argentina.[134]
2006 World Cup[link]
The injury that kept Messi from playing for two months at the end of the 2005–06 season jeopardised his presence in the 2006 World Cup. Nevertheless, Messi was selected in the Argentina squad for the tournament on 15 May 2006. He also played in the final match before the World Cup against the Argentine U-20 team for 15 minutes and a friendly match against Angola from the 64th minute.[135][136] He witnessed Argentina's opening match victory against Ivory Coast from the substitute's bench.[137] In the next match against Serbia and Montenegro, Messi became the youngest player to represent Argentina at a World Cup when he came on as a substitute for Maxi Rodríguez in the 74th minute. He assisted Hernán Crespo's goal within minutes of entering the game and also scored the final goal in the 6–0 victory, making him the youngest scorer in the tournament and the sixth youngest goalscorer in the history of the World Cup.[138] Messi started in Argentina's following 0–0 draw against the Netherlands.[139] In the following game against Mexico, Messi came on as a substitute in the 84th minute, with the score tied at 1–1. He appeared to score a goal, but it was ruled offside with Argentina needing a late goal in extra time to proceed.[140][141] Coach José Pekerman left Messi on the bench during the quarter-final match against Germany, which they lost 4–2 on a penalty shootout.[142]
2007 Copa América[link]
Messi played his first game in the 2007 Copa América on 29 June 2007, when Argentina defeated United States 4–1 in the first game. In this game, he showed his capabilities as a playmaker. He set up a goal for fellow striker Hernán Crespo and had numerous shots on target. Tevez came on as a substitute for Messi in the 79th minute and scored minutes later.[143]
His second game was against Colombia, in which he won a penalty that Crespo converted to tie the game at 1–1. He also played a part in Argentina's second goal as he was fouled outside the box, which allowed Juan Roman Riquelme to score from a freekick, and increase Argentina's lead to 3–1. The final score of the game was 4–2 in Argentina's favor and guaranteed them a spot in the tournament's quarterfinals.[144]
In the third game, against Paraguay the coach rested Messi having already qualified for the quarter-finals. He came off the bench in place of Esteban Cambiasso in the 64th minute, with the score at 0–0. In the 79th minute, he assisted a goal for Javier Mascherano.[145] In the quarter-finals, as Argentina faced Peru, Messi scored the second goal of the game, from a Riquelme pass in a 4–0 win.[146] During the semi-final match against Mexico, Messi scored a lob over Oswaldo Sánchez to see Argentina through to the final with a 3–0 win.[147] Argentina went on to lose 3–0 to Brazil in the final.[148]
2008 Summer Olympics[link]
Having barred Messi from playing for Argentina in the 2008 Olympics,[149] Barcelona agreed to release him after he held talks with newly appointed coach Josep Guardiola.[150] He joined the Argentina squad and scored the first goal in a 2–1 victory over Ivory Coast.[150] He then scored the opening goal and assisted Ángel di María in the second to help his side to a 2–1 extra-time win against the Netherlands.[151] He also featured in Argentina's match against rivals Brazil, in which Argentina took a 3–0 victory, thus advancing to the final. In the gold medal match, Messi again assisted Di María for the only goal in a 1–0 victory over Nigeria.[152]
2010 World Cup[link]
Messi played the entire game on Argentina's opening match in the 2010 World Cup, the 1–0 victory against Nigeria. He had several opportunities to score but was repeatedly denied by Vincent Enyeama.[153] Messi started in Argentina's following 4–1 win against Korea Republic; he participated in all of the goals of his team and helped Gonzalo Higuaín score a hat-trick.[154] On the third and last group stage match Messi captained during Argentina's 2–0 win over Greece, again being the centrepoint of Argentina's play and was voted man of the match.[155]
At the Round of 16 he assisted Carlos Tévez for the first goal in a 3–1 win against Mexico. The World Cup ended for Argentina with a 4–0 loss against Germany in the quarter-finals.[156]
Messi was nominated in ten player shortlist for Golden Ball award by FIFA Technical Study Group. The group identified Messi with words: "Outstanding in his pace and creativity for his team, dribbling, shooting, passing – spectacular and efficient".[157]
2011 Copa América[link]
Messi took part in the Copa América in Argentina, where he failed to score a goal but notched three assists. He was selected man-of-the-match in matches against Bolivia (1–1) and Costa Rica (3–0). Argentina were eliminated in the quarter-finals in a penalty shoot-out against Uruguay (1–1 a.e.t.), with Messi scoring as the first penalty taker.
Outside football[link]
Personal life[link]
Messi was at one stage romantically linked to Macarena Lemos, also from his hometown of Rosario. He is said to have been introduced to her by the girl's father when he returned to Rosario to recover from his injury a few days before the start of the 2006 World Cup.[158][159] He has in the past also been linked to the Argentine glamour model Luciana Salazar.[160][161] In January 2009 he told "Hat Trick Barça", a programme on Canal 33: "I have a girlfriend and she is living in Argentina. I am relaxed and happy".[161] He was seen with the girl, Antonella Roccuzzo,[162] at a carnival in Sitges after the Barcelona-Espanyol derby. Roccuzzo is a fellow native of Rosario.[163]
Messi has two cousins also involved in football: Maxi, a winger for Club Olimpia of Paraguay, and Emanuel Biancucchi, who plays as a midfielder for Spain's Girona FC.[164][165]
Charity[link]
In 2007, Messi established the Leo Messi Foundation, a charity supporting access to education and health care for vulnerable children.[166][167] In response to Messi’s own childhood medical difficulties, the Leo Messi Foundation has offered Argentine children diagnosed with illnesses treatment in Spain and funds covering the transport, hospital and recuperation costs.[168] Messi’s foundation is supported by his own fundraising activity with additional assistance from Herbalife.
On 11 March 2010 Messi was announced as a goodwill ambassador for UNICEF.[169] Messi’s UNICEF ambassador activities are aimed at supporting children’s rights. Messi is supported in this by Barcelona, who also have a strong association with UNICEF.[170]
Wealth[link]
In March 2010, France Football ranked him at the top of its list of the world's richest footballers, ahead of David Beckham and Cristiano Ronaldo, with £29.6 million (€33 million) in combined income from salaries, bonuses and off-field earnings.[171][172] His net wealth is estimated at $110 millon.[173]
Media[link]
Messi was featured on the front covers of the video games Pro Evolution Soccer 2009 and Pro Evolution Soccer 2011 and is also involved in promotional campaigns for the games.[174][175] Messi, along with Fernando Torres,[176] is the face of Pro Evolution Soccer 2010, and was also involved in the motion capturing and the trailer.[177][178][179] However, in November 2011 Messi was confirmed as the new face of PES's rival football series FIFA with his debut as a cover star of the series coming in 2012's FIFA Street. Messi is sponsored by the German sportswear company Adidas and features in their television advertisements.[180] In June 2010, Messi also signed a three–year contract with Herbalife[181] which further supports the Leo Messi Foundation.
Messi was named twice in the Time 100, the magazine's annual list of the most influential people in the world, respectively in 2011[182] and in 2012[183].
Also in April 2011, Messi launched a Facebook page and within a few hours, his page had attracted more than six million followers. His Facebook page had over 33 million followers in March 2012.[184]
In May 2012, ex-Real Madrid player Royston Drenthe claimed Lionel Messi repeatedly called him "negro" during his time in Spain.[185] A counter statement issued by Barcelona said: "Messi has always shown a maximum respect and sportsmanship towards his rivals, something which has been recognized by his fellow professionals many times.[186]
On 26 May 2012, Messi was mistakenly announced dead by FOX Sports on its Twitter feed. "We must report the sad news that Lionel Messi is deceased from a heart attack during training #RipMessi," said the tweet that was sent to its followers. The message was deleted seconds later, with FOX Sports then going into damage control mode, while also blaming hackers for the incident.[187]
Career statistics[link]
Club[link]
| Club | Season | League[190] | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Apps | Goals | ||
| Barcelona C | 2003–04 3ª | 8 | 5 |
| Barcelona B | 2003–04 2ªB | 5 | 0 |
| 2004–05 2ªB | 17 | 6 | |
| Total | 30 | 11 | |
| Club | Season | League | Cup | Champions League | Supercup | UEFA Super Cup | Club World Cup | Total | ||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Apps | Goals | Assists | Apps | Goals | Assists | Apps | Goals | Assists | Apps | Goals | Assists | Apps | Goals | Assists | Apps | Goals | Assists | Apps | Goals | Assists | ||
| Barcelona | 2004–05 | 7 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | — | — | — | 9 | 1 | 0 | ||||||
| 2005–06 | 17 | 6 | 3 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 6 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | — | — | 25 | 8 | 4 | |||||
| 2006–07 | 26 | 14 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 5 | 1 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 36 | 17 | 3 | |
| 2007–08 | 28 | 10 | 12 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 9 | 6 | 1 | — | — | — | 40 | 16 | 13 | |||||||
| 2008–09 | 31 | 23 | 11 | 8 | 6 | 2 | 12 | 9 | 5 | — | — | — | 51 | 38 | 18 | |||||||
| 2009–10 | 35 | 34 | 10 | 3 | 1 | 0 | 11 | 8 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 53 | 47 | 11 | |
| 2010–11 | 33 | 31 | 18 | 7 | 7 | 3 | 13 | 12 | 3 | 2 | 3 | 0 | — | — | 55 | 53 | 24 | |||||
| 2011–12 | 37 | 50 | 15 | 7 | 3 | 4 | 11 | 14 | 5 | 2 | 3 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 60 | 73 | 28 | |
| Total | 214 | 169 | 71 | 33 | 20 | 10 | 68 | 51 | 15 | 7 | 8 | 2 | 3 | 1 | 2 | 4 | 4 | 1 | 329 | 253 | 101 | |
International[link]
| National team | Year | Apps | Goals | Assists |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Argentina U20 | 2005 | 16 | 11 | 3 |
| Total | 16 | 11 | 3 | |
| Argentina U23 | 2008 | 5 | 2 | 2 |
| Total | 5 | 2 | 2 | |
| Argentina | 2005 | 5 | 0 | 0 |
| 2006 | 7 | 2 | 2 | |
| 2007 | 14 | 6 | 3 | |
| 2008 | 8 | 2 | 1 | |
| 2009 | 10 | 3 | 2 | |
| 2010 | 10 | 2 | 2 | |
| 2011 | 13 | 4 | 10 | |
| 2012 | 1 | 3 | 0 | |
| Total | 68 | 22 | 20 | |
International goals[link]
Under–20[link]
| Goal | Date | Venue | Opponent | Score | Result | Competition |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1. | 13 January 2005 | Estadio Centanario, Armenia, Colombia |  Vénézuela |
2–0 | 3–0 | 2005 South American Youth Championship |
| 2. | 15 January 2005 | Estadio Palogrande, Manizales, Ecuador |  Bolivia |
2–0 | 4–0 | 2005 South American Youth Championship |
| 3. | 15 January 2005 | Estadio Palogrande, Manizales, Ecuador | Bolivia |
3–0 | 4–0 | 2005 South American Youth Championship |
| 4. | 21 January 2005 | Estadio Palogrande, Manizales, Ecuador |  Peru |
5–0 | 6–0 | 2005 South American Youth Championship |
| 5. | 6 February 2005 | Estadio Palogrande, Manizales, Ecuador |  Brazil |
2–1 | 2–1 | 2005 South American Youth Championship |
| 6. | 14 June 2005 | Arke Stadion, Enschede, Netherlands |  Egypt |
1–0 | 2–0 | 2005 World Youth Championship |
| 7. | 22 June 2005 | Univé Stadion, Emmen, Netherlands |  Colombia |
1–1 | 2–1 | 2005 World Youth Championship |
| 8. | 24 June 2005 | Arke Stadion, Enschede, Netherlands |  Spain |
3–1 | 3–1 | 2005 World Youth Championship |
| 9. | 28 June 2005 | Galgenwaard Stadion, Utrecht, Netherlands | Brazil |
1–0 | 2–1 | 2005 World Youth Championship |
| 10. | 2 July 2005 | Galgenwaard Stadion, Utrecht, Netherlands |  Nigeria |
1–0 | 2–1 | 2005 World Youth Championship |
| 11. | 2 July 2005 | Galgenwaard Stadion, Utrecht, Netherlands | Nigeria |
2–1 | 2–1 | 2005 World Youth Championship |
Under–23[link]
| Goal | Date | Venue | Opponent | Score | Result | Competition |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1. | 7 August 2008 | Shanghai Stadium, Shanghai, China |  Côte d'Ivoire |
1–0 | 2–1 | 2008 Summer Olympics |
| 2. | 16 August 2008 | Shanghai Stadium, Shanghai, China |  Netherlands |
1–0 | 2–1 | 2008 Summer Olympics |
Senior team[link]
| Goal | Date | Venue | Opponent | Score | Result | Competition |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1. | 1 March 2006 | St. Jakob-Park, Basel, Switzerland |  Croatia |
2–1 | 2–3 | Friendly |
| 2. | 16 June 2006 | WM-Stadion Gelsenkirchen, Gelsenkirchen, Germany |  Serbia and Montenegro |
6–0 | 6–0 | 2006 World Cup |
| 3. | 5 June 2007 | Camp Nou, Barcelona, Spain |  Algeria |
2–2 | 4–3 | Friendly |
| 4. | 5 June 2007 | Camp Nou, Barcelona, Spain | Algeria |
4–2 | 4–3 | Friendly |
| 5. | 8 July 2007 | Metropolitano de Fútbol de Lara, Barquisimeto, Venezuela | Peru |
2–0 | 4–0 | 2007 Copa América |
| 6. | 11 July 2007 | Polideportivo Cachamay, Puerto Ordaz, Venezuela |  Mexico |
2–0 | 3–0 | 2007 Copa América |
| 7. | 16 October 2007 | José Pachencho Romero, Maracaibo, Venezuela | Venezuela |
2–0 | 2–0 | 2010 World Cup qualification |
| 8. | 20 November 2007 | Estadio El Campín, Bogotá, Colombia | Colombia |
1–0 | 1–2 | 2010 World Cup qualification |
| 9. | 4 June 2008 | Qualcomm Stadium, San Diego, United States | Mexico |
2–0 | 4–1 | Friendly |
| 10. | 11 October 2008 | Estadio Monumental, Buenos Aires, Argentina |  Uruguay |
1–0 | 2–1 | 2010 World Cup qualification |
| 11. | 11 February 2009 | Stade Vélodrome, Marseille, France |  France |
2–0 | 2–0 | Friendly |
| 12. | 28 March 2009 | Estadio Monumental, Buenos Aires, Argentina | Venezuela |
1–0 | 4–0 | 2010 World Cup qualification |
| 13. | 14 November 2009 | Vicente Calderón Stadium, Madrid, Spain | Spain |
1–1 | 1–2 | Friendly |
| 14. | 7 September 2010 | Estadio Monumental, Buenos Aires, Argentina | Spain |
1–0 | 4–1 | Friendly |
| 15. | 17 November 2010 | Khalifa International Stadium, Doha, Qatar | Brazil |
1–0 | 1–0 | Friendly |
| 16. | 9 February 2011 | Stade de Genève, Geneva, Switzerland |  Portugal |
2–1 | 2–1 | Friendly |
| 17. | 20 June 2011 | Estadio Monumental, Buenos Aires, Argentina |  Albania |
2–0 | 4–0 | Friendly |
| 18. | 7 October 2011 | Estadio Monumental, Buenos Aires, Argentina |  Chile |
2–0 | 4–1 | 2014 World Cup qualification |
| 19. | 15 November 2011 | Estadio Metropolitano Roberto Meléndez, Barranquilla, Colombia | Colombia |
1–1 | 2–1 | 2014 World Cup qualification |
| 20. | 29 February 2012 | Stade de Suisse, Wankdorf, Bern, Switzerland |  Switzerland |
1–0 | 3–1 | Friendly |
| 21. | 29 February 2012 | Stade de Suisse, Wankdorf, Bern, Switzerland | Switzerland |
2–1 | 3–1 | Friendly |
| 22. | 29 February 2012 | Stade de Suisse, Wankdorf, Bern, Switzerland | Switzerland |
3–1 | 3–1 | Friendly |
Career totals[link]
| Professional career totals | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Teams | Apps | Goals | Goals per game | |
| Clubs | 329 | 253 | 0.77 | |
| National team | 068 | 022 | 0.32 | |
| Olympic final | 05 | 02 | 0.4 | |
| Total | 402 | 277 | 0.69 | |
Honours[link]
Barcelona[link]
Winner
- La Liga (5): 2004–05, 2005–06, 2008–09, 2009–10, 2010–11
- Copa del Rey (2): 2008–09, 2011–12
- Supercopa de España (5): 2005, 2006, 2009, 2010, 2011
- UEFA Champions League (3): 2005–06, 2008–09, 2010–11
- UEFA Super Cup (2): 2009, 2011
- FIFA Club World Cup (2): 2009, 2011
Runner-Up
- La Liga (2): 2006–07, 2011–12
- Copa del Rey (1): 2010–11
- UEFA Super Cup (1): 2006
- FIFA Club World Cup (1): 2006
Argentina[link]
Winner
- FIFA U-20 World Cup (1): 2005
- Olympic Gold Medal (1): 2008
Runner-Up
- Copa América (1): 2007
Individual[link]
|
|
Records[link]
- Most goals scored in a season in all competitions: 73 goals
- Most goals scored in a single league season: 50 goals
- Most goals scored in a single UEFA Champions League season: 14 goals
- Most La Liga hat-tricks in a season: 8 hat-tricks
- Most UEFA Champions League hat-tricks: 3 hat-tricks
- Only player to score 2 hat-trick in a Champions League season
- Highest scorer in a single UEFA Champions League game: 5 goals
- Most UEFA Champions League top scorer award: 4 awards
- The only player to receive the UEFA Champions League top scorer award 4 years in a row
- Most La Liga home goals in a season: 35 goals
- Most consecutive league matches scored in: 10 matches
- Youngest player to score 150 league goals: 24 years and 270 days
- Most goals scored in the Supercopa de España: 8 goals
- Most goals scored in FIFA Club World Cup: 4 goals
- Fastest Barcelona hat-trick: completed in 17th minutes
- Barcelona Record Goalscorer: 253 goals
- Barcelona Record Goalscorer in UEFA Champions League: 51 goals
- Barcelona Record Goalscorer in European Competitions: 52 goals
- Barcelona Record Goalscorer in international Competitions: 56 goals
References[link]
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- ^ "Press centre – UNICEF to announce Lionel Messi as Goodwill Ambassador". UNICEF. http://www.unicef.org/media/media_52938.html. Retrieved 7 June 2010.
- ^ Peck, Brooks (23 March 2010). "Davey Becks no longer the world's best paid footballer". sports.yahoo.com. http://sports.yahoo.com/soccer/blog/dirty-tackle/post/Davey-Becks-no-longer-the-world-s-best-paid-foot?urn=sow-229808. Retrieved 9 January 2012.
- ^ http://ibnlive.in.com/news/messi-tops-rich-list-ahead-of-beckham/242045-5-21.html
- ^ http://www.therichest.org/sports/highest-paid-football-players/
- ^ "Konami names Messi as face of PES 2009". Gamezine.co.uk. 1 August 2008. http://www.gamezine.co.uk/news-story/2008/08/01/konami-names-messi-as-face-of-pes-2009. Retrieved 9 June 2009.
- ^ "Messi". PES Unites. Archived from the original on 3 June 2009. http://web.archive.org/web/20090603173802/http://www.pesunites.com/eng/index.htm. Retrieved 9 June 2009.
- ^ Orry, James (23 June 2009). "Torres signs for PES 2010". Videogamer.com. http://www.videogamer.com/news/torres_signs_for_pes_2010.html. Retrieved 7 July 2009.
- ^ "Motions and Emotions in Barcelona". Konami. 8 June 2009. http://uk.games.konami-europe.com/blog.do;jsessionid=E3F32E431E73A1D6AF0B71D695498692#blog-entry-116. Retrieved 9 June 2009.
- ^ "E3 2009: PES 2010: Messi fronts exclusive E3 trailer". Konami. 2 June 2009. http://uk.games.konami-europe.com/news.do;jsessionid=A2FD1270B2C75DE70A52446CBF821D5A?idNews=411. Retrieved 9 June 2009.
- ^ "MOTD magazine crew meet Messi in Barcelona". PESFan (Match of the Day Magazine). http://www.pesfan.com/news/8212537/Messi-mo-cap-photos/#newsarticle. Retrieved 18 June 2009.
- ^ "Watch Zinedine Zidane and Lionel Messi in Adidas ad". The Guardian (UK). 27 May 2009. http://www.guardian.co.uk/media/video/2009/may/27/zidane-messi-adidas-ad. Retrieved 16 August 2009.
- ^ "Herbalife Becomes New Sponsor". 2 June 2010. http://www.marketwatch.com/story/herbalife-becomes-new-sponsor-of-fc-barcelona-2010-06-02?reflink=MW_news_stmp. Retrieved 7 June 2010.
- ^ "Lionel Messi among Time's 100 most influential people". inside World Soccer. 21 April 2011. http://www.insideworldsoccer.com/2011/04/lionel-messi-among-times-100-most.html.
- ^ "Lionel Messi among Time's 100 most influential people". Time. 19 April 2012. http://www.time.com/time/specials/packages/article/0,28804,2111975_2111976_2112092,00.html.
- ^ "Leo Messi launches Facebook page, nets 6m fans in 3 hours!". inside World Soccer. 7 April 2011. http://www.insideworldsoccer.com/2011/04/leo-messi-launches-facebook-page-nets.html.
- ^ "Royston Drenthe accuses Lionel Messi of racist remarks". inside World Soccer. 10 May 2012. http://www.insideworldsoccer.com/2012/05/royston-drenthe-lionel-messi-negro.html.
- ^ "Drenthe had 'problems' with Messi". ESPNsoccernetr. 12 May 2012. http://www.http://soccernet.espn.go.com//2012/05/royston-drenthe:-barcelona-star-lionel-messi-called-me-'negro'?cc=5901.html.
- ^ "FAIL! FOX Sports tweets Lionel Messi's death". inside World Soccer. 28 May 2012. http://www.insideworldsoccer.com/2012/05/fox-sports-tweets-death-of-lionel-messi.html.
- ^ 101 "'Pichichi' y centenario" (in Spanish). elmundodeportivo. http://hemeroteca.elmundodeportivo.es/preview/2010/01/18/pagina-7/5259184/pdf.html?search=messi 101. Retrieved 17 January 2010.
- ^ "Lionel Messi Bio, Stats, News – Football / Soccer – – ESPN Soccernet". ESPN Soccernet. http://soccernet.espn.go.com/player/_/id/45843/lionel-messi?cc=5901#ui-tabs-1. Retrieved 26 November 2010.
- ^ Reserve teams in Spain play in the same league system as the senior team. However, they can not play in the same division as their senior team, so the reserve teams can not play in the Copa del Rey.
- ^ a b "Lionel Andrés Messi – Goals in International Matches". RSSSF. http://www.rsssf.com/miscellaneous/messi-intlg.html. Retrieved 2 February 2011.
- ^ "Lionel Messi: A Career in Numbers". http://www.givemefootball.com/champions-league/lionel-messi-career-in-numbers. Retrieved 24.5.12.
- ^ "Lionel Messi: Career Statistics". http://soccernet.espn.go.com/player/_/id/45843/lionel-messi?cc=5901. Retrieved 24.5.12.
- ^ "Lionel Messi". http://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lionel_Messi. Retrieved 24.5.12.
- ^ "Lionel Messi". FIFA.com. http://www.fifa.com/worldfootball/statisticsandrecords/players/player=229397/index.html. Retrieved 2 February 2011.
External links[link]
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Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Lionel Messi |
- Official website (Catalan) (English) (Spanish)
- Lionel Messi on Facebook
- FC Barcelona profile
- BDFutbol profile
- Transfermarkt profile
- Lionel Messi career stats at Soccerbase
- Profile at ESPN
- Lionel Messi at National-Football-Teams.com
- Lionel Messi – FIFA competition record
- Lionel Messi – UEFA competition record
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| Persondata | |
|---|---|
| Name | Messi, Lionel Andrés |
| Alternative names | |
| Short description | Association footballer |
| Date of birth | 24 June 1987 |
| Place of birth | Rosario, Santa Fe, Argentina |
| Date of death | |
| Place of death | |
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http://ru.wn.com/Месси, Лионель
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This page contains text from Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lionel_Messi
This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, which means that you can copy and modify it as long as the entire work (including additions) remains under this license.
This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, which means that you can copy and modify it as long as the entire work (including additions) remains under this license.
For other people named Stephen Fry, see Stephen Fry (disambiguation).
| Stephen Fry | |
|---|---|
 Fry in Happy Birthday to GNU (2008) |
|
| Born | Stephen John Fry (1957-08-24) 24 August 1957 (age 54) Hampstead, London, England |
| Nationality | British |
| Alma mater | Queens' College, Cambridge |
| Occupation | Actor, comedian, author, journalist, broadcaster, film director |
| Years active | 1981–present |
| Influenced by | Oscar Wilde, P. G. Wodehouse, Evelyn Waugh, Hugh Laurie, Emma Thompson, Douglas Adams, Rowan Atkinson, Christopher Hitchens |
| Title |
President of Mind (2011–present)[1] |
| Religion | None (atheist) |
| Partner | Daniel Cohen (1995–2010) |
| Parents | Alan John Fry Marianne Eve Fry (née Newman) |
| Signature |  |
| Website | |
| www.stephenfry.com | |
Stephen John Fry (born 24 August 1957) is an English[4][5] actor, screenwriter, author, playwright, journalist, poet, comedian, television presenter, film director, and a director of Norwich City Football Club.[6]
After a troubled childhood and adolescence, during which he was expelled from a number of schools and eventually spent three months in prison for credit card fraud, he was able to secure a place at Queens' College, Cambridge, where he studied English Literature.
He first came to public attention in the 1981 Cambridge Footlights Revue presentation "The Cellar Tapes", which also included Hugh Laurie, Emma Thompson and Tony Slattery. With Hugh Laurie, as the comedy double act Fry and Laurie, he co-wrote and co-starred in A Bit of Fry & Laurie, and took the role of Jeeves (with Laurie playing Wooster) in Jeeves and Wooster.
As an actor, Fry played the lead in the film Wilde, was Melchett in the BBC television series Blackadder, starred as the title character Peter Kingdom in the ITV series Kingdom, has a recurring guest role as Dr. Gordon Wyatt on the Fox crime series Bones and appeared as rogue TV host Gordon Deitrich in the dystopian thriller V For Vendetta. He has also written and presented several documentary series including the 2008 television series Stephen Fry in America, which saw him travelling across all 50 US states. Since 2003 he has been the host of the quiz show QI.
As well as his work in television, Fry has contributed columns and articles for newspapers and magazines, and has written four novels and two volumes of autobiography, Moab Is My Washpot and The Fry Chronicles. He also appears frequently on BBC Radio 4, starring in the comedy series Absolute Power, being a frequent guest on panel games such as Just a Minute, and acting as chairman for I'm Sorry I Haven't a Clue, where he was one of a trio of hosts who succeeded the late Humphrey Lyttelton. Fry is also known in the UK for his audiobook recordings, particularly as reader for all seven Harry Potter novels.
Contents |
Early life[link]
Fry was born in Hampstead, London, on 24 August 1957, the son of Marianne Eve Fry (née Newman) and Alan John Fry, who was an English physicist and inventor.[7][8] His maternal grandparents, Martin and Rosa Neumann,[8] were Hungarian Jewish immigrants from Šurany, which is now in Slovakia.[8][9][10] His mother's aunt and cousins died in Auschwitz.[8] Fry grew up in the village of Booton near Reepham, Norfolk, having moved from Chesham, Buckinghamshire at an early age.[11]
Fry briefly attended Cawston Primary School, Cawston, Norfolk[12] before going on to Stouts Hill Preparatory School at the age of seven, and then to Uppingham School, Rutland, where he joined Fircroft house and was described as a "near-asthmatic genius".[13] He was expelled from Uppingham when he was 15, and subsequently from the Paston School.
At 17, after leaving Norfolk College of Arts and Technology, Fry absconded with a credit card stolen from a family friend, was arrested in Swindon, and as a result spent three months in Pucklechurch Prison on remand.[14]
Following his release he resumed his education at City College Norwich, promising administrators that he would study rigorously to sit the Cambridge entrance exams. He scored well enough to gain a scholarship to Queens' College, Cambridge. At Cambridge, Fry joined the Cambridge Footlights, appeared on University Challenge, and gained a degree in English literature.[15] It was at the Footlights that Fry met his future comedy collaborator Hugh Laurie.
Career[link]
Further information: Works of Stephen Fry
Television[link]
Comedy[link]
Fry's career in television began with the 1982 broadcasting of The Cellar Tapes, the 1981 Cambridge Footlights Revue which was written by Fry, Hugh Laurie, Emma Thompson and Tony Slattery. The revue caught the attention of Granada Television, who, keen to replicate the success of the BBC's Not the Nine O'Clock News, hired Fry, Laurie and Thompson to star alongside Ben Elton in There's Nothing to Worry About!. A second series, re-titled Alfresco, was broadcast in 1983 and a third in 1984; it established Fry and Laurie's reputation as a comedy double act. In 1983, the BBC offered them their own show, which became The Crystal Cube, a mixture of science fiction and mockumentary that was axed after the first episode. Undeterred, Fry and Laurie appeared in an episode of The Young Ones in 1984, and Fry in Ben Elton's 1985 series, Happy Families. In 1986 and 1987 Fry and Laurie also performed sketches on the LWT/Channel 4 show Saturday Live.
Forgiving Fry and Laurie for The Crystal Cube, the BBC commissioned a sketch show in 1986 that was to become A Bit of Fry & Laurie. The programme ran for 26 episodes spanning four series between 1986 and 1995, and was very successful. During this time Fry starred in Blackadder II as Lord Melchett, made a guest appearance in Blackadder the Third as the Duke of Wellington, then returned to a starring role in Blackadder Goes Forth as General Melchett. In the 1988 television special Blackadder's Christmas Carol he played the roles of Lord Melchett and Lord Frondo.
Between 1990 and 1993, Fry starred as Jeeves (alongside Hugh Laurie's Bertie Wooster) in Jeeves and Wooster, 23 hour-long adaptations of P.G. Wodehouse's novels and short stories.
Towards the end of 2003, Fry starred alongside John Bird in the television adaptation of Absolute Power, previously a radio series on BBC Radio 4.
In 2010 Fry took part in a Christmas series of Short Films called 'Little Crackers'. Fry's short is based on a story from his childhood at school.[16] He appeared as the Christian God in 2011's Holy Flying Circus.
Drama[link]
Fry has appeared in a number of BBC adaptations of plays and books, including a 1992 adaptation of the Simon Gray play The Common Pursuit (Fry had previously appeared in the West End stage production); a 1998 Malcolm Bradbury adaptation of the Mark Tavener novel, In the Red, with Fry taking the part of the Controller of BBC Radio 2; and in 2000 Fry took the role of Professor Bellgrove in the BBC serial Gormenghast which were adapted from the first two novels of Mervyn Peake's Gormenghast series. In 2011, Fry portrayed Professor Mildeye in the BBC adaption of Mary Norton's 1952 novel The Borrowers.
Fry narrates the English language version of the Spanish children's animated series Pocoyo.[17]
From 2007 to 2009, Fry played the lead role in (and was executive producer for) the legal drama Kingdom, which ran for three series on ITV1.[18] He has also taken up a recurring guest role as psychiatrist Dr. Gordon Wyatt in the popular American drama Bones.
In 2010, having learned some Irish for the role,[19] he filmed a cameo role in Ros na Rún, an Irish language soap opera broadcast in Ireland, Scotland and the United States.[20][21][22]
Documentaries and other factual programmes[link]
Fry made his first foray into documentary-making with the Emmy Award-winning The Secret Life of the Manic Depressive in 2006; also in 2006, he appeared in the genealogy series Who Do You Think You Are?, tracing his maternal family tree to investigate his Jewish ancestry.[23] Fry narrated The Story of Light Entertainment, which was shown from July–September 2006.[24][25] In 2007 he presented a documentary on the subject of HIV and AIDS, HIV and Me.[26]
On 7 May 2008, Fry gave a speech as part of a series of BBC lectures on the future of public service broadcasting in the United Kingdom,[27] which he later recorded for a podcast.[28]
His six-part travel series Stephen Fry in America began on BBC One in October 2008 and saw him travel to each of the 50 US states;[29] in the same year he narrated the nature documentaries Spectacled Bears: Shadow of the Forest for the BBC Natural World series.[30]
In the 2009 television series Last Chance to See, Fry and zoologist Mark Carwardine sought out endangered species, some of which had been featured in Douglas Adams' and Carwardine's 1990 book and radio series of the same name[31] Also in 2009, Fry briefly hosted CBBC series Horrible Histories, an educational TV show for school children.
In August 2011 Stephen Fry's 100 Greatest Gadgets was shown on Channel 4 as one of the 100 Greatest strand.[32] His choice for the greatest gadget was the cigarette lighter which he described as "fire with a flick of the fingers".[32]
In September 2011 Fry's Planet Word, a five-part documentary about language, aired on BBC HD and BBC Two.[33][34]
[edit] QI
In 2003, Fry began hosting QI (Quite Interesting), a British comedy panel game television quiz show. QI was created and co-produced by John Lloyd, and features permanent panellist Alan Davies. QI has the highest viewing figures for any show on BBC Four and UKTV G2 (now Dave).[35][36] In 2006, Fry won the Rose d'Or award for "Best Game Show Host" for his work on the series.[37]
Film[link]
Having made his film debut in the 1985 film The Good Father, Fry had a brief appearance in A Fish Called Wanda (in which he is knocked out by Kevin Kline, who is posing as an airport security man) and then appeared in the lead role for Kenneth Branagh's Peter's Friends in 1992. In the 1994 romantic comedy film I.Q., he played the role of James Moreland.[38] Portraying Oscar Wilde (of whom he had been a fan since the age of 13) in the 1997 film Wilde, he fulfilled to critical acclaim a role that he has said he was "born to play". It also earned him a nomination for Best Actor – Drama in the 1998 Golden Globe Award. A year later, Fry starred in David Yates' small independent film The Tichborne Claimant, and in 2001 he played the detective in Robert Altman's period costume drama, Gosford Park. In the same year he also appeared in the Dutch film The Discovery of Heaven, directed by Jeroen Krabbé and based on the novel by Harry Mulisch.
In 2003, Fry made his directorial debut with Bright Young Things, adapted by himself from Evelyn Waugh's Vile Bodies. In 2001, he began hosting the BAFTA Film Awards, a role from which he stepped down in 2006.[39] Later that same year, he wrote the English libretto and dialogue for Kenneth Branagh's film adaptation of The Magic Flute.
Fry continues to make regular film appearances, notably in treatments of literary cult classics. He portrayed Maurice Woodruff in The Life and Death of Peter Sellers, served as narrator in the 2005 film version of The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy, and in 2005 he appeared in both A Cock and Bull Story, based on Tristram Shandy, and as a non-conforming TV Presenter who challenges the fascist state in V for Vendetta.[40][41] In 2006, he played the role of gadget-master Smithers in Stormbreaker, and in 2007 he appeared as himself hosting a quiz in St Trinian's. In 2007, Fry wrote a script for a remake of The Dam Busters for director Peter Jackson.[42]
Fry was offered a role in Valkyrie but was unable to participate.[43] Fry starred in the Tim Burton version of Alice in Wonderland, as the voice of The Cheshire Cat.[44] He played Mycroft Holmes in the sequel to Sherlock Holmes directed by Guy Ritchie.[45] In 2010, Fry provided the voice of Socrates the Lion in the environmental animated film Animals United. He will portray the Master of Lake-town in the 2012 film adaptation of J. R. R. Tolkien's The Hobbit.[46]
Feature filmography[link]
- 1985: The Good Father – Creighton
- 1988: A Fish Called Wanda – Hutchison
- 1992: Peter's Friends – Peter
- 1994: I.Q. – James Moreland
- 1997: Wilde – Oscar Wilde
- 1998: The Tichborne Claimant – Hawkins
- 1999: Whatever Happened to Harold Smith? – Dr.Peter Robinson
- 2001: Gosford Park – Inspector Thompson
- 2001: The Discovery of Heaven – Onno
- 2002: Thunderpants – Sir Antony Silk (Judge)
- 2003: Bright Young Things – Director
- 2004: The Life and Death of Peter Sellers – Maurice Woodruff
- 2005: V for Vendetta – Deitrich
- 2005: The Hitchhikers Guide to the Galaxy – The Narrator (Voice)
- 2006: The Magic Flute – Writer
- 2006: Stormbreaker – Smithers
- 2007: St. Trinian's – Himself
- 2007: Eichmann – Minister Tormer
- 2009: House of Boys – Dr Marsh
- 2010: Alice in Wonderland – Cheshire Cat (Voice)
- 2010: Animals United – Socrates the Lion (Voice)
- 2011: Sherlock Holmes: A Game of Shadows – Mycroft Holmes
- 2012: The Hobbit: There and Back Again – Master of Lake-town
Radio[link]
Fry came to the attention of radio listeners with the 1986 creation of his alter-ego, Donald Trefusis, whose "wireless essays" were broadcast on the BBC Radio 4 programme Loose Ends. In the 1980s he starred as David Lander in four series of the BBC Radio 4 show Delve Special, written by Tony Sarchet, which became the six part Channel 4 series This is David Lander in 1988. In 1988, Fry wrote and presented a six-part comedy series entitled Saturday Night Fry; frequent radio appearances have ensued (notably on panel games Just a Minute and I'm Sorry I Haven't a Clue). In 2000, he began starring as Charles Prentiss in the Radio 4 comedy Absolute Power, reprising the role for three further series on radio and two on television. In 2002, Fry voiced Winnie-the-Pooh and was one of the narrators of A.A. Milne's Winnie-the-Pooh and The House at Pooh Corner. He presented a 20-part, two-hour series, The Incomplete and Utter History of Classical Music, a "witty guide" to the genre over the past 1,000 years, on Classic FM.
In 2007, he hosted Current Puns, an exploration of wordplay, and Radio 4: This Is Your Life, to celebrate the radio station's 40th anniversary. He also interviewed Tony Blair as part of a series of podcasts released by 10 Downing Street.[47]
In February 2008, Fry began presenting podcasts entitled Stephen Fry's Podgrams, in which he recounts his life and recent experiences.[28] In July 2008, he appeared as himself in I Love Stephen Fry, an Afternoon Play for Radio 4 written by former Fry and Laurie script editor Jon Canter.[48]
Since August 2008 he has presented Fry's English Delight, a series on BBC Radio 4 about the English language.[49] As of 2011, it has been running for four series and 15 episodes.
In the summer 2009 series of I'm Sorry I Haven't a Clue, Fry was one of a trio of hosts replacing Humphrey Lyttelton (the others being Jack Dee and Rob Brydon).[50]
In 2012 he appeared as a guest panellist in the BBC Radio 4 comedy panel show Wordaholics.[51]
Theatre[link]
Fry wrote the play Latin! or Tobacco and Boys for the 1980 Edinburgh Festival, where it won the Fringe First prize.[52] It had a revival in 2009 at London's Cock Tavern Theatre, directed by Adam Spreadbury-Maher.[53] The Cellar Tapes, the Footlights Revue of 1981, won the Perrier Comedy Award. In 1984, Fry adapted the hugely successful 1930s musical Me and My Girl for the West End, where it ran for eight years. He was also cast in a lead role in Simon Gray's 1995 play, Cell Mates, which he left three days into the West End run, pleading stage fright. He later recalled the incident as a hypomanic episode in his documentary about bipolar disorder, The Secret Life of the Manic Depressive. In 2007, Fry wrote a Christmas pantomime, Cinderella, which ran at London's Old Vic Theatre.[54]
Fry is a long-standing fan of the anarchic 1960s British musical comedy group, the Bonzo Dog Band and, particularly, of its eccentric front man, the late Vivian Stanshall. Fry helped to fund an ill-fated 1988 London re-staging of Stanshall's acclaimed Stinkfoot, a Comic Opera, written by Vivian and Ki Longfellow-Stanshall for the Bristol-based Old Profanity Showboat. Fry performed several of Stanshall's numbers as part of the Bonzos' 2006 reunion concert at the London Astoria. He also appears as a shiny New Millennium Bonzo on their post-reunion album, Pour l'Amour des Chiens, on which he recites a recipe for "Salmon Proust", plays a butler in "Hawkeye the Gnu", and voices ads for the fictitious "Fiasco" stores.
Following three one-man shows in Australia, Fry announced a "sort of stand-up" performance at The Royal Albert Hall in London for September 2010.[55]
Audio books[link]
Stephen Fry has been the reader for the British versions of all of J.K.Rowling's Harry Potter series of audio books. He discussed this project in an interview with J.K. Rowling in 2005.[56] Fry has also been the reader for Douglas Adams's The Hitchhiker's Guide To The Galaxy film tie-in edition. He has also made recordings of his own books, such as The Stars' Tennis Balls and Moab Is My Washpot; and works by Roald Dahl, Michael Bond, A. A. Milne, and Anthony Buckeridge.
Video games[link]
Fry's distinctive voice has been featured in a number of video games, including an appearance as Reaver, a primary antagonist in Lionhead Studios games Fable II and Fable III, and as the narrator in LittleBigPlanet and its sequel on PlayStation 3 and PlayStation Portable.[57][58] He also served as narrator on the first four Harry Potter games (Philosopher's Stone, Chamber of Secrets, Prisoner of Azkaban and the Goblet of Fire).
Advertisements[link]
Fry has lent himself and his voice to many advertisements, starting with an appearance as "Count Ivan Skavinsky Skavar" in a 1982 advert for Whitbread Best Bitter. Fry has said in his memoirs that after receiving his payment for this work – £25,000 – he has never subsequently experienced "what one could call serious money troubles".[59] He has since appeared in adverts for products and companies such as Marks and Spencer, Twinings, Kenco, Vauxhall, Honda, Direct Line, Calpol, Heineken, Alliance & Leicester, After Eights, Trebor, Panama cigars and Orange Mobile.
Literature[link]
Since the publication of his first novel, The Liar (1991), Fry has written three further novels, several non-fiction works and two volumes of autobiography. Making History (1997) is partly set in an alternative universe where Adolf Hitler's father is made infertile and his replacement proves a rather more effective Führer. The book won the Sidewise Award for Alternate History. The Hippopotamus (1994) is about Edward (Ted/Tedward) Wallace and his stay at his old friend Lord Logan's country manor in Norfolk. The Stars' Tennis Balls (2000) is a modern retelling of The Count of Monte Cristo. Fry's book, The Ode Less Travelled: Unlocking the Poet Within, is a guide to writing poetry.
When writing a book review for Tatler, Fry wrote under a nom de plume, Williver Hendry, editor of A Most Peculiar Friendship: The Correspondence of Lord Alfred Douglas and Jack Dempsey, a field close to Fry's heart as an Oscar Wilde enthusiast. Once a columnist in The Listener and The Daily Telegraph, he now writes a weekly technology column in the Saturday edition of The Guardian. His blog attracted more than 300,000 visitors in its first two weeks.[29]
In May 2009, Fry unveiled The Dongle of Donald Trefusis, an audiobook series following Donald Trefusis (a fictional character from Fry's novel The Liar and from the BBC Radio 4 series Loose Ends), set over 12 episodes.[60] After its release, it reached No. 1 on the UK Album Chart list.
Fry's use of the word "luvvie" (spelled "lovie" by Fry) in The Guardian on 2 April 1988 is given by the Oxford English Dictionary as the earliest recorded use of the word as a humorous synonym for "actor".[61]
Football[link]
In August 2010, Fry joined the Board of Directors at Norwich City Football Club. A lifelong fan of "the Canaries" and a regular visitor to Carrow Road, he said on being appointed "Truly this is one of the most exciting days of my life and I am as proud and pleased as I could be."[6]
Twitter[link]
In October 2008, Fry began posting to the social networking site Twitter,[62] which he regularly updates.[63] On 16 May 2009, he celebrated the 500,000-follower mark: "Bless my soul 500k followers. And I love you all. Well, all except that silly one. And that's not you."[64]
Fry wields a considerable amount of influence through his use of Twitter.[65][66] He is frequently asked to promote various charities and causes, often inadvertently causing their websites to crash because of the volume of traffic generated by his large number of followers; as Fry notes on his website: "Four thousand hits a second all diving down the pipeline at the same time for minutes on end."[67] Fry uses his influence to recommend underexposed musicians and authors (who often see large increases in web hits and sales)[68][69] and to raise awareness of contemporary issues in the world of media and politics, notably the dropping of an injunction against The Guardian[70][71] and the lambasting of Daily Mail columnist Jan Moir over her article on the death of Boyzone member Stephen Gately.[72][73]
In October 2009 Fry again sparked debate amongst users when he announced his intention to leave the social networking site after criticism from another user on Twitter. He retracted the intention the next day.[74] In October 2010, Fry left Twitter for a few days following press criticism of a quote taken from an interview he had given, with a farewell message of "Bye bye". After returning, Fry explained that he had left Twitter to "avoid being sympathised with or told about an article I would otherwise never have got wind of".[75] In some quarters the general methods Fry uses on Twitter have been criticised.[76]
In November 2009 Fry's Twitter account reached one million followers. He commemorated the million followers milestone with a humorous video blog in which a 'Step Hen Fry' clone speaks from the year 2034 where MySpace, Facebook and Twitter have combined to form 'Twit on MyFace'.[77] In November 2010 Fry welcomed his two millionth follower with a blog entry detailing his opinions and experiences of Twitter.[78] On 11 March 2012, Fry noted his passing of the four million follower mark with a tweet: "Lordy I've breasted the 4 million followers tape. Love you all. Yes even YOU. But let's dedicate today to Douglas Adams's diamond jubilee"[79]
Acclaim[link]
In 1995, Fry was presented with an honorary doctorate from the University of Dundee, which named their main Students' Association bar after his novel The Liar. Fry is a patron of its Lip Theatre Company.[80] He also served two consecutive terms – 1992 to 1995 and 1995 to 1998 – as the student-elected Rector of the University of Dundee. Such was his popularity, he was unopposed when he sought re-election to office in 1995, and by the time he completed his second term in office he had won the widespread admiration of the University's staff and students.[81][82] He was awarded the AoC Gold Award in 2004, and was entered into their hall of fame.[83] Fry was also awarded an honorary degree from Anglia Ruskin University in 2005.[84][85] He was made honorary president of the Cambridge University Quiz Society and honorary fellow of his alma mater Queens' College, Cambridge. On 13 July 2010, he was made an honorary fellow of Cardiff University[86] and on 28 January 2011 he was awarded an honorary doctorate at the University of Sussex for his work campaigning for people suffering from mental health problems, bipolar disorder and HIV.[87]
He is a Patron of the Norwich Playhouse theatre and a Vice President of The Noël Coward Society.[88] Fry was the last person to be named Pipe Smoker of the Year before the award was discontinued.[89]
In December 2006 he was ranked sixth for the BBC's Top Living Icon Award,[90] was featured on The Culture Show, and was voted Most Intelligent Man on Television by readers of Radio Times. The Independent on Sunday Pink List named Fry the second most influential gay person in Britain in May 2007; he had taken the twenty-third position on the list the previous year.[91] Later the same month he was announced as the 2007 Mind Champion of the Year[1] in recognition of the success of his documentary The Secret Life of a Manic Depressive in raising awareness of bipolar disorder. Fry was also nominated in "Best Entertainment Performance" for QI and "Best Factual Series" for Secret Life of the Manic Depressive at the 2007 British Academy Television Awards.[92] That same year, Broadcast magazine listed Fry at number four in its "Hot 100" list of influential on-screen performers, describing him as a polymath and a "national treasure".[93] He was also granted a lifetime achievement award at the British Comedy Awards on 5 December 2007[94] and the Special Recognition Award at the National Television Awards on 20 January 2010.[95]
BBC Four dedicated two nights of programming to Fry on 17 and 18 August 2007, in celebration of his 50th birthday. The first night, comprising programs featuring Fry, began with a sixty-minute documentary entitled Stephen Fry: 50 Not Out. The second night was composed of programs selected by Fry, as well as a 60-minute interview with Mark Lawson and a half-hour special, Stephen Fry: Guilty.[96] The weekend programming proved such a ratings hit for BBC Four that it was repeated on BBC Two on 16 and 17 September 2007.
In 2011, he was the subject of Molly Lewis's song An Open Letter to Stephen Fry, in which the singer jokingly offers herself as a surrogate mother for his child.[97] In February 2011, Fry was awarded the Outstanding Lifetime Achievement Award in Cultural Humanism by the Humanist Chaplaincy at Harvard University, the Harvard Secular Society and the American Humanist Association.[98]
Views on religion[link]
Fry has repeatedly expressed opposition to organised religion and has identified himself as an atheist and humanist, while declaring some sympathy for the ancient Greek belief in capricious gods. In his first autobiography he wrote, "I knew I couldn't believe in God, because I was fundamentally Hellenic in my outlook."[99] He has accepted that religion can have positive effects, "Sometimes belief means credulity, sometimes an expression of faith and hope which even the most sceptical atheist such as myself cannot but find inspiring."[100]
In 2009, The Guardian published a letter from Fry addressing his younger self, explaining how his future is soon to unfold, reflecting on the positive progression towards gay acceptance and openness around him, and yet not everywhere, while warning on how "the cruel, hypocritical and loveless hand of religion and absolutism has fallen on the world once more".[101] Later that year, he and Christopher Hitchens participated in an "Intelligence Squared" debate in which they argued against Ann Widdecombe and Archbishop John Onaiyekan, who supported the view that the Catholic Church was a force for good. Fry and Hitchens argued that the church did more harm than good. Fry attacked the Catholic Church's teachings on sexuality and denounced its wealth.[102]
In 2010 he was made a Distinguished Supporter of the British Humanist Association, stating: "it is essential to nail one’s colours to the mast as a humanist."[103] Later that year, Fry, along with 54 other public figures, signed an open letter published in The Guardian, stating their opposition to Pope Benedict XVI's visit to the United Kingdom being a state visit.[104]
On 22 February 2011, Fry was presented with the Lifetime Achievement Award in Cultural Humanism by the Humanist Chaplaincy at Harvard University, joining a list of previous honorees including novelist Salman Rushdie, screenwriter Joss Whedon, and Mythbusters Adam Savage and Jamie Hyneman.[105]
Personal life[link]
Fry struggled to keep his homosexuality secret during his teenage years at public school, and has claimed not to have engaged in sexual activity for 16 years from 1979 until 1995.[106][107] When asked when he first acknowledged his sexuality, Fry quipped: "I suppose it all began when I came out of the womb. I looked back up at my mother and thought to myself, 'That's the last time I'm going up one of those.'"[108] Fry was in a 14-year relationship with Daniel Cohen, which ended in 2010.[109][110][111] Fry has stated that he is 90% homosexual, but has been attracted to women on occasion.[112]
Fry has a home in London and another in Hollywood.[113] He also has a home near King's Lynn, Norfolk. When in London, Fry drives a dark green TX4 London cab.
Fry was an active supporter of the Labour Party for many years, and appeared in a party political broadcast on its behalf with Hugh Laurie and Michelle Collins in November 1993. Despite this, he did not vote in the 2005 General Election because of the stance of both the Labour and Conservative parties with regard to the Iraq War. Despite his praise of the Blair/Brown government's work on social reform, Fry has been critical of the Labour Party's "Third Way" concept. Fry appeared in literature to support changing the British electoral system from first-past-the-post to alternative vote for electing Members of Parliament to the House of Commons in the Alternative Vote referendum in 2011.[114]
He is on cordial terms with Prince Charles (despite a mild parody Fry performed in his role of King Charles I in the comedy programme Blackadder: The Cavalier Years), through his work with the Prince's Trust. He attended the Prince of Wales' and Camilla Parker Bowles' wedding in 2005.
Fry is a friend of British comedian and actor (and Blackadder co-star) Rowan Atkinson and was best man at Atkinson's wedding to Sunetra Sastry at the Russian Tea Room in New York City. Fry was a friend of British actor John Mills.[115]
His best friend is Hugh Laurie,[116] whom he met while both were at Cambridge and with whom he has collaborated many times over the years. He was best man at Laurie's wedding and is godfather to all three of his children.[117]
A fan of cricket, Fry has claimed to be related to former England cricketer C.B. Fry,[118] and was interviewed for the Ashes Fever DVD, reporting on England's victory over Australia in the 2005 Ashes series. Regarding football, he is a supporter of Norwich City, and is a regular visitor to Carrow Road.
He has been described as "deeply dippy for all things digital", claims to have bought the third Macintosh computer sold in the UK (his friend Douglas Adams bought the first two) and jokes that he has never encountered a smartphone that he has not bought.[119] He counts Wikipedia among his favourite websites "because I like to find out that I died, and that I'm currently in a ballet in China, and all the other very accurate and important things that Wikipedia brings us all."[120]
Fry has a long-standing interest in Internet production, including having his own website since 1997. His current site, The New Adventures of Mr Stephen Fry, has existed since 2002 and has attracted many visitors following his first blog in September 2007, which comprised a 6,500 word "blessay" on smartphones. In February 2008, Fry launched his private podcast series, Stephen Fry's Podgrams, and a forum, including discussions on depression and activities in which Fry is involved. The website content is created by Stephen Fry and produced by Andrew Sampson. Fry is also a supporter of GNU and the Free Software Foundation.[121] For the 25th anniversary of the GNU operating system, Fry appeared in a video explaining some of the philosophy behind GNU by likening it to the sharing found in science.[122]
On 30 April 2008, Fry signed an open letter, published in The Guardian newspaper by some well known Jewish personalities, stating their opposition to celebrating the 60th anniversary of the founding of the State of Israel.[123] Furthermore, he is a signatory member of the British Jews for Justice for Palestinians organisation, which campaigns for Palestinian rights.[124]
Fry was among over 100 signatories to a statement published by Sense About Science on 4 June 2009, condemning British libel laws and their use to "severely curtail the right to free speech on a matter of public interest."[125]
Poland controversy[link]
See also: Anti-Polish sentiment and Polish death camp controversy
On 6 October 2009, Fry was interviewed by Jon Snow on Channel 4 News[126] as a signatory of a letter to British Conservative Party leader David Cameron expressing concern about the party's relationship with Poland's opposition national conservative Law and Justice party in the European Parliament.[127] During the interview, he stated:
There has been a history, let's face it, in Poland of a right-wing Catholicism which has been deeply disturbing for those of us who know a little history, and remember which side of the border Auschwitz was on and know the stories, and know much of the anti-semitic, and homophobic and nationalistic elements in countries like Poland.
The remark prompted a complaint from the Polish Embassy in London, an editorial in The Economist and criticism from British Jewish historian David Cesarani.[128][129][130][131] Fry has since posted an apology in a six-page post on his personal blog, in which he stated:
I offer no excuse. I seemed to imply that the Polish people had been responsible for the most infamous of all the death factories of the Third Reich. I didn't even really at the time notice the import of what I had said, so gave myself no opportunity instantly to retract the statement. It was a rubbishy, cheap and offensive remark that I have been regretting ever since. I take this opportunity to apologise now. I said a stupid, thoughtless and fatuous thing. It detracted from and devalued my argument, such as it was, and it outraged and offended a large group of people for no very good reason. I am sorry in all directions, and all the more sorry because it is no one's fault but my own, which always makes it so much worse.[132]
Health[link]
Fry has been diagnosed with bipolar disorder,[133] specifically stating he suffers from Cyclothymia, referring to it as "bipolar lite".[134][135] He suffered a nervous breakdown in 1995 while appearing in a West End play called Cell Mates and subsequently walked out of the production, prompting its early closure and incurring the displeasure of co-star Rik Mayall and playwright Simon Gray. Mayall's comedy partner, Adrian Edmondson, made light of the subject in his and Mayall's second Bottom live show. After walking out of the production, Fry went missing for several days while contemplating suicide. He abandoned the idea and left the United Kingdom by ferry, eventually resurfacing in Belgium.[136]
Fry has spoken publicly about his experience with bipolar disorder, which was also depicted in the documentary Stephen Fry: The Secret Life of the Manic Depressive.[137][138] In the programme, he interviewed other sufferers of the illness including Carrie Fisher, Richard Dreyfuss and Tony Slattery. Also featured were chef Rick Stein, whose father committed suicide, Robbie Williams, who talks of his experience with major depression, and comedienne and former mental health nurse Jo Brand. He is also involved with the mental health charity Stand to Reason.[139]
In 2009, Fry lent his support to a campaign led by the human rights organisation Reprieve to prevent the execution of heroin trafficker Akmal Shaikh, a British citizen originally from Pakistan. Some of Shaikh's supporters have said he suffered from undiagnosed bipolar disorder. Despite calls for clemency, Shaikh was executed in the People's Republic of China for drug trafficking.[140]
In January 2008, he broke his arm while filming Last Chance to See in Brazil.[141] He later explained in a podcast how the accident happened: while climbing aboard a boat, he slipped between it and the dock, and, while stopping himself from falling into the water, his body weight caused his right humerus to snap. The damage was more severe than first thought: the resulting vulnerability to his radial nerve – he was at risk of losing the use of his arm – was not diagnosed until he saw a consultant in the UK.[142]
As the host of QI, Fry has stated that he is allergic to both champagne[143] and bumble bee stings.[144]
Appearing on Top Gear in 2009, Fry had lost a significant amount of weight, prompting host Jeremy Clarkson to ask jokingly, "Where's the rest of you?" Fry explained that he had shed a total of 6 stone (84 lb; 38 kg), attributing the weight loss to doing a lot of walking while listening to downloaded Audiobooks.[145]
Fry is between 6 feet 4 inches (1.93 m) and 6 feet 5 inches (1.96 m) in height.[146][147]
Business[link]
In 2008, Fry formed SamFry Ltd, with long-term collaborator Andrew Sampson, to produce and fund new material, as well as manage his official website.[148]
Bibliography[link]
- Fry, Stephen; Laurie, Hugh (1990). A Bit of Fry and Laurie. Mandarin. ISBN 978-0-7493-0705-9.
- Fry, Stephen (1991). The Liar. Soho. ISBN 978-0-939149-82-7.
- Fry, Stephen (1994). The Hippopotamus. Soho Press. ISBN 978-1-56947-054-1.
- Fry, Stephen (1997). Making History. Arrow. ISBN 978-0-09-946481-5.
- Fry, Stephen (1997). Moab Is My Washpot: An Autobiography. Soho Press. ISBN 978-1-56947-202-6.
- Fry, Stephen (2000). The Stars' Tennis Balls. Hutchinson. ISBN 978-0-09-180151-9.
- Fry, Stephen (2003). Revenge: A Novel (reprint ed.). Random House. ISBN 978-0-8129-6819-4.
- Fry, Stephen (2005). The Ode Less Travelled: Unlocking the Poet Within. Hutchinson. ISBN 978-0-09-179661-7.
- Lloyd, John; Fry, Stephen; Mitchinson, John (2006). The Book of General Ignorance. Faber and Faber. ISBN 978-0-571-23368-7.
- Carwardine, Mark; Fry, Stephen (2009). Last Chance to See. HarperCollins Publishers Limited. ISBN 978-0-00-729072-7.
- Fry, Stephen (2010). The Fry Chronicles: An Autobiography. Michael Joseph. ISBN 0-7181-5483-5.
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- ^ QI XL Series I episode 7
- ^ UK Brigade of Kentucky Colonels
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- ^ Stephen Fry at the Internet Movie Database
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- ^ "Welcome to the Noël Coward Society". Noelcoward.net. http://www.noelcoward.net/html/committee2007.html. Retrieved 4 February 2009.
- ^ Thompson, Jonathan (18 January 2004). "Annual pipe-smoker award is extinguished". London: The Independent. http://www.independent.co.uk/life-style/health-and-families/health-news/annual-pipesmoker-award-is-extinguished-573577.html. Retrieved 5 September 2010.
- ^ "Living Icons". BBC. 11 December 2006. http://www.bbc.co.uk/pressoffice/pressreleases/stories/2006/12_december/01/icons.shtml. Retrieved 4 February 2009.
- ^ "Independent on Sunday Pink List 2007". The Independent (London). 6 May 2007. http://news.independent.co.uk/uk/this_britain/article2516664.ece. Retrieved 4 February 2009. [dead link]
- ^ Television Nominations 2007 British Academy of Film and Television Arts
- ^ "Hot 100: Talent" (free registration required). Broadcast. 18 December 2007. http://www.broadcastnow.co.uk/news/people/2007/12/hot_100_talent.html. Retrieved 22 December 2007.
- ^ Hemley, Matthew (6 December 2007). "Gavin and Stacey sweeps British Comedy Awards". The Stage. http://www.thestage.co.uk/news/newsstory.php/19070/gavin-and-stacey-sweeps-british-comedy-awards. Retrieved 16 December 2007.
- ^ Williams, Lisa (21 January 2010). "Delight for Stephen Fry at TV awards". The Independent (London). http://www.independent.co.uk/arts-entertainment/tv/news/stephen-frys-tv-delight-1874511.html?action=Popup&ino=1. Retrieved 22 January 2010.
- ^ "BBC Four Stephen Fry Night". BBC. 8 September 2007. http://www.bbc.co.uk/bbcfour/features/stephen-fry.shtml. Retrieved 22 October 2011.
- ^ "An Open Letter to Stephen Fry". Mollylewis.bandcamp.com. 11 February 2011. http://mollylewis.bandcamp.com/track/an-open-letter-to-stephen-fry-2. Retrieved 22 October 2011.
- ^ "Harvard Humanist Chaplaincy at Harvard University Presents Stephen Fry". Harvardhumanist.org. http://harvardhumanist.org/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=148:hch-presents-stephen-fry&catid=6:latest-news&Itemid=38. Retrieved 22 October 2011.
- ^ "Fry, Stephen (2004 (1997)). Moab is my washpot. Arrow books. p. 382. ISBN 978-0-09-945704-6.
- ^ Stephen Fry, Spectator Lecture at the Royal Geographical Society, reprinted as 'Would I live in America? In a heartbeat', The Spectator, 9 May 2009, Pg. 28.
- ^ Stephen Fry (30 April 2009). "'The Guardian': Stephen Fry's letter to himself: Dearest absurd child". The Guardian (London). http://www.guardian.co.uk/media/2009/apr/30/stephen-fry-letter-gay-rights. Retrieved 10 May 2009.
- ^ Ed West (23 October 2009). "Atheist duo convince crowd that the Church is not a force for good". The Catholic Herald (London). http://archive.catholicherald.co.uk/article/23rd-october-2009/1/atheist-duo-convince-crowd-that-the-church-is-not-. Retrieved 18 February 2012.
- ^ "Stephen Fry: "it is essential to nail one’s colours to the mast as a humanist."". British Humanist Association. 10 February 2010. http://www.humanism.org.uk/news/view/447.
- ^ "Letters: Harsh judgments on the pope and religion". The Guardian (London). 15 September 2010. http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/2010/sep/15/harsh-judgments-on-pope-religion. Retrieved 16 September 2010.
- ^ "Letters: HCH Presents Stephen Fry". Humanist Chaplaincy at Harvard (Cambridge, MA). http://harvardhumanist.org/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=148:hch-presents-stephen-fry&catid=6:latest-news&Itemid=38. Retrieved 27 January 2011.
- ^ "The Adventures of Mr Stephen Fry". http://www.stephenfry.com/moab/one-mans-journey/. Retrieved 11 May 2008.
- ^ The Sunday Herald (28 September 2003). "Borne to be Wilde". The Sunday Herald. http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_qn4156/is_20030928/ai_n12584983. Retrieved 11 May 2008.
- ^ Levine, Nick (19 September 2007). "Ten Things You Never Knew About Stephen Fry". Digital Spy. http://www.digitalspy.com/showbiz/a75964/ten-things-you-never-knew-about-stephen-fry.html. Retrieved 23 March 2009.
- ^ "Stephen Fry dumps long-term partner for young actor as love life becomes Quite Interesting" Daily Mail 14 July 2010. Retrieved 14 July 2010.
- ^ "Stephen Fry: A restless soul". The Independent (London). 20 September 2004. http://www.independent.co.uk/news/people/profiles/stephen-fry-a-restless-soul-546925.html. Retrieved 16 September 2008.
- ^ "Stephen Fry has new toyboy boyfriend – mirror.co.uk". Daily Mirror. http://www.mirror.co.uk/celebs/news/2010/07/15/qi-host-fry-has-a-new-young-guy-115875-22413956/. Retrieved 30 November 2010.
- ^ Hastings, Chris (18 September 2010). "The two women in my 10 per cent – by '90 per cent gay' Stephen Fry". Daily Mail (London). http://www.dailymail.co.uk/tvshowbiz/article-1313262/The-women-10-cent--90-cent-gay-Stephen-Fry.html.
- ^ "Craig Ferguson 2/23/10B Late Late show Stephen Fry PT3". Youtube. 21 June 2010. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=l_cmQ-O5Cd0#t=1m53s. Retrieved 11 October 2010.
- ^ "Benjamin Zephaniah 'airbrushed from Yes to AV leaflets'". BBC News. 3 April 2011. http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-politics-12950712.
- ^ "Entertainment | Film | Acting legend Sir John Mills dies". BBC News. 24 April 2005. http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/entertainment/film/4476875.stm. Retrieved 4 February 2009.
- ^ The Fry Chronicles (2010)
- ^ Smith, David (23 April 2005). "Doctor Hugh". The Observer (London). http://www.guardian.co.uk/media/2005/apr/24/comment.broadcasting. Retrieved 14 November 2011.
- ^ "Series A, Episode 8". QI. episode 8. season A. 30 October 2003.
- ^ "Dork talk". The Guardian (London). 9 November 2007. http://www.guardian.co.uk/technology/series/dorktalk. Retrieved 4 February 2009.
- ^ "Videojug: Interview with Stephen Fry". Videojug.com. 31 May 2007. http://www.videojug.com/interview/stephen-fry-the-internet. Retrieved 4 February 2009.
- ^ "Patronage of GNU Project". Gnu.org. http://www.gnu.org/thankgnus/2008supporters.html#TOCpatrons. Retrieved 4 February 2009.
- ^ "Freedom Fry – "Happy birthday to GNU"". Gnu.org. 20 October 2008. http://www.gnu.org/fry/happy-birthday-to-gnu.html. Retrieved 4 February 2009.
- ^ Close (30 April 2008). "The Guardian: We're not celebrating Israel's anniversary". The Guardian (London). http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/2008/apr/30/israelandthepalestinians. Retrieved 4 February 2009.
- ^ "'Signatories'". jfjfp.com. http://jfjfp.com/?page_id=9. Retrieved 8 November 2009.
- ^ "The law has no place in scientific disputes". Sense About Science. 7 October 2009. http://www.senseaboutscience.org.uk/index.php/site/project/334. Retrieved 12 October 2009.
- ^ "Fry's fears over Tories' anti-gay links". Channel 4. http://www.channel4.com/news/articles/politics/domestic_politics/fryaposs+fears+over+toriesapos+antigay+links/3374297. Retrieved 9 October 2009.
- ^ Charter, David (16 July 2009). "Right-wing Polish MEP Michal Kaminski becomes Tories controversial EU leader". London: Times Newspapers Ltd.. http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/news/world/europe/article6715542.ece. Retrieved 9 October 2009.
- ^ "Europe.view: Unoccupied Britain". The Economist. 15 October 2009. http://www.economist.com/world/europe/displayStory.cfm?story_id=14635055. Retrieved 17 October 2009.
- ^ David Ceserani (13 October 2009). "Stephen Fry's Auschwitz blunder". The Guardian (London). http://www.guardian.co.uk/commentisfree/2009/oct/12/stephen-fry-auschwitz-poland. Retrieved 17 October 2009.
- ^ Day, Matthew (8 October 2009). "Stephen Fry provokes Polish fury over Auschwitz remark". London: Telegraph Media Group. http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/europe/poland/6274395/Stephen-Fry-provokes-Polish-fury-over-Auschwitz-remark.html. Retrieved 9 October 2009.
- ^ "Complaints: Fry 'slandered' Poland over Auschwitz". Channel 4. http://www.channel4.com/news/articles/politics/domestic_politics/complaints+fry+aposslanderedapos+poland+over+auschwitz/3377697. Retrieved 9 October 2009.
- ^ "Poles, Politeness and Politics in the age of Twitter". http://www.stephenfry.com/2009/10/19/poles-politeness-and-politics-in-the-age-of-twitter/. Retrieved 19 October 2009.
- ^ "Stephen Fry: My battle with mental illness" The Independent 17 September 2006 Retrieved 23 May 2010
- ^ "Craig Ferguson 2/23/10B Late Late show Stephen Fry PT1". The Late Late Show via Youtube. 23 February 2010. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LZb5YbtvYhw. Retrieved 14 June 2011.
- ^ "Cyclothymic upswings are dangerously expensive. Feels like there's a Tigger version of me bouncing inside and eager to burst out.". Stephen Fry via Twitter. 15 March 2009. http://twitter.com/#!/stephenfry/status/1332661172. Retrieved 14 June 2011.
- ^ "Comedian Fry reveals suicide bid". BBC News. 21 July 2006. http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/entertainment/5202066.stm. Retrieved 4 February 2009.
- ^ "Cardiff University: Genetic research into mood disorders". Cardiff.ac.uk. 16 October 2008. http://www.cardiff.ac.uk/for/prospective/inter/news/stevenfry.html. Retrieved 4 February 2009. [dead link]
- ^ Stephen Fry: The Secret Life of the Manic Depressive, BBC. Retrieved 11 November 2009.
- ^ "Reception with Stephen Fry". Standtoreason.org. http://www.standtoreason.org.uk/news?id=23. Retrieved 7 June 2011.
- ^ "Stephen Fry begs China to spare life of mentally ill Briton facing death by firing squad". Daily Mail (London). 12 October 2009. http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-1219618/Stephen-Fry-begs-China-spare-life-mentally-ill-Briton-facing-death-firing-squad.html. Retrieved 26 December 2009.
- ^ "Fry breaks arm filming in Brazil". BBC. 18 January 2008. http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/entertainment/7196783.stm. Retrieved 18 January 2008.
- ^ "Stephen Fry's Podgrams: Episode 1, Broken Arm". Stephenfry.com. Archived from the original on 22 August 2008. http://web.archive.org/web/20080822173101/http://stephenfry.com/podcasts/. Retrieved 4 February 2009.
- ^ QI Series C/3, Episode 10
- ^ QI Series C/3, Episode 7
- ^ Top Gear, 28 June 2009, BBC Two [1]
- ^ QI Season 7, Episode 10
- ^ QI Season 4 ep. 11 of 13
- ^ "About". Stephenfry.com. http://www.stephenfry.com/misc/about-us/. Retrieved 4 February 2009.
External links[link]
Quotations related to Stephen Fry at Wikiquote
Media related to Stephen Fry at Wikimedia Commons- Official website
- Stephen Fry at the Open Directory Project
- Stephen Fry at the Internet Movie Database
- Five Minutes With: Stephen Fry, interview with Matthew Stadlen for the BBC
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| Persondata | |
|---|---|
| Name | Fry, Stephen John |
| Alternative names | Fry, Stephen |
| Short description | English comedian |
| Date of birth | 24 August 1957 |
| Place of birth | Hampstead, London, England |
| Date of death | |
| Place of death | |
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| George Carlin | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
.jpg) Carlin in Trenton, New Jersey on April 4, 2008 |
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| Birth name | George Denis Patrick Carlin | ||||||||
| Born | (1937-05-12)May 12, 1937 New York City, New York, U.S. |
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| Died | June 22, 2008(2008-06-22) (aged 71) Santa Monica, California, U.S. |
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| Medium | Stand-up, television, film, books, radio | ||||||||
| Nationality | American | ||||||||
| Years active | 1956–2008 | ||||||||
| Genres | Character comedy, observational comedy, wit/word play, satire/political satire, black comedy, surreal humor, sarcasm, blue comedy | ||||||||
| Subject(s) | American culture, American English, everyday life, atheism, recreational drug use, death, philosophy, human behavior, American politics, parenting, children, religion, profanity, psychology, anarchism, race relations, old age, pop culture, self-deprecation, childhood, family | ||||||||
| Influences | Danny Kaye,[1][2] Jonathan Winters,[2] Lenny Bruce,[3][4] Richard Pryor,[5] Jerry Lewis,[2][5] Marx Brothers,[2][5] Mort Sahl,[4] Spike Jones,[5] Ernie Kovacs,[5] Ritz Brothers[2] Monty Python[5] | ||||||||
| Influenced | Chris Rock,[6] Jerry Seinfeld,[7] Bill Hicks, Jim Norton, Sam Kinison, Louis C.K.,[8] Lewis Black,[9] Jon Stewart,[10] Stephen Colbert,[11] Bill Maher,[12] Denis Leary, Patrice O'Neal,[13] Adam Carolla,[14] Colin Quinn,[15] Steven Wright,[16], Mitch Hedberg,[17] Russell Peters,[18] Jay Leno,[19] Ben Stiller,[19] Kevin Smith[20] | ||||||||
| Spouse | Brenda Hosbrook (August 5, 1961 – May 11, 1997) (her death) 1 child Sally Wade (June 24, 1998 – June 22, 2008) (his death)[21] |
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| Notable works and roles | Class Clown "Seven Words You Can Never Say on Television" Rufus in Bill & Ted's Excellent Adventure and Bill & Ted's Bogus Journey Narrator for Thomas the Tank Engine & Friends and "Mr. Conductor" on Shining Time Station The George Carlin Show |
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| Signature |  |
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| Website | www.georgecarlin.com | ||||||||
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George Denis Patrick Carlin (May 12, 1937 – June 22, 2008) was an American stand-up comedian, social critic, satirist, actor and writer/author, who won five Grammy Awards for his comedy albums.[22]
Carlin was noted for his black humor as well as his thoughts on politics, the English language, psychology, religion, and various taboo subjects. Carlin and his "Seven Dirty Words" comedy routine were central to the 1978 U.S. Supreme Court case F.C.C. v. Pacifica Foundation, in which a narrow 5–4 decision by the justices affirmed the government's power to regulate indecent material on the public airwaves.
The first of his fourteen stand-up comedy specials for HBO was filmed in 1977. In 1988, the 1990s and 2000s, Carlin's routines focused on socio-cultural criticism of modern American society. He often commented on contemporary political issues in the United States and satirized the excesses of American culture. His final HBO special, It's Bad for Ya, was filmed less than four months before his death.
In 2004, Carlin placed second on the Comedy Central list of the 100 greatest stand-up comedians of all time, ahead of Lenny Bruce and behind Richard Pryor.[23] He was a frequent performer and guest host on The Tonight Show during the three-decade Johnny Carson era, and hosted the first episode of Saturday Night Live. In 2008, he was awarded the Mark Twain Prize for American Humor.
Contents |
Early life[link]
Carlin was born in Manhattan,[24][25] the second son of Mary (Beary), a secretary, and Patrick Carlin, a national advertising manager for the New York Sun.[26] Carlin was of Irish descent and was raised a Roman Catholic.[27][28][29]
Carlin grew up on West 121st Street, in a neighborhood of Manhattan which he later said, in a stand-up routine, he and his friends called "White Harlem", because that sounded a lot tougher than its real name of Morningside Heights. He was raised by his mother, who left his father when Carlin was two months old.[30] He attended Corpus Christi School, a Roman Catholic parish school of the Corpus Christi Church, in Morningside Heights.[31][32] After three semesters, at the age of 15, Carlin involuntarily left Cardinal Hayes High School in the Bronx and briefly attended Bishop Dubois High School in Harlem.[33] Carlin had a difficult relationship with his mother and often ran away from home.[2] He later joined the United States Air Force and was trained as a radar technician. He was stationed at Barksdale Air Force Base in Bossier City, Louisiana.
During this time he began working as a disc jockey at radio station KJOE, in the nearby city of Shreveport. He did not complete his Air Force enlistment. Labeled an "unproductive airman" by his superiors, Carlin was discharged on July 29, 1957. During his time in the Air Force he was court martialed three times, and also received many disciplinary punishments.[34]
Career[link]
In 1959, Carlin and Jack Burns began as a comedy team when both were working for radio station KXOL in Fort Worth, Texas.[35] After successful performances at Fort Worth's beat coffeehouse, The Cellar, Burns and Carlin headed for California in February 1960 and stayed together for two years as a team before moving on to individual pursuits.
1960s[link]
Within weeks of arriving in California in 1960, Burns and Carlin put together an audition tape and created The Wright Brothers, a morning show on KDAY in Hollywood. The comedy team worked there for three months, honing their material in beatnik coffeehouses at night.[36] Years later when he was honored with a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame, Carlin requested that it be placed in front of the KDAY studios near the corner of Sunset Boulevard and Vine Street.[37] Burns and Carlin recorded their only album, Burns and Carlin at the Playboy Club Tonight, in May 1960 at Cosmo Alley in Hollywood.[36]
In the 1960s, Carlin began appearing on television variety shows, notably The Ed Sullivan Show and The Tonight Show. His most famous routines were:
- The Indian Sergeant ("You wit' the beads... get outta line")
- Stupid disc jockeys ("Wonderful WINO...")—"The Beatles' latest record, when played backwards at slow speed, says 'Dummy! You're playing it backwards at slow speed!'"
- Al Sleet, the "hippie-dippie weatherman"—"Tonight's forecast: Dark. Continued dark throughout most of the evening, with some widely scattered light towards morning."
- Jon Carson—the "world never known, and never to be known"
Variations on the first three of these routines appear on Carlin's 1967 debut album, Take Offs and Put Ons, recorded live in 1966 at The Roostertail in Detroit, Michigan.[38]
During this period, Carlin became more popular as a frequent performer and guest host on The Tonight Show, initially with Jack Paar as host, then with Johnny Carson. Carlin became one of Carson's most frequent substitutes during the host's three-decade reign. Carlin was also cast in Away We Go, a 1967 comedy show that aired on CBS.[39] His material during his early career and his appearance, which consisted of suits and short-cropped hair, had been seen as "conventional," particularly when contrasted with his later anti-establishment material.[40]
Carlin was present at Lenny Bruce's arrest for obscenity. As the police began attempting to detain members of the audience for questioning, they asked Carlin for his identification. Telling the police he did not believe in government-issued IDs, he was arrested and taken to jail with Bruce in the same vehicle.[41]
1970s[link]
Eventually, Carlin changed both his routines and his appearance. He lost some TV bookings by dressing strangely for a comedian of the time, wearing faded jeans and sporting long hair, a beard, and earrings at a time when clean-cut, well-dressed comedians were the norm. Using his own persona as a springboard for his new comedy, he was presented by Ed Sullivan in a performance of "The Hair Piece" and quickly regained his popularity as the public caught on to his sense of style. In this period he also perfected what is perhaps his best-known routine, "Seven Words You Can Never Say on Television", recorded on Class Clown. Carlin was arrested on July 21, 1972, at Milwaukee's Summerfest and charged with violating obscenity laws after performing this routine.[42] The case, which prompted Carlin to refer to the words for a time as "the Milwaukee Seven," was dismissed in December of that year; the judge declared that the language was indecent but Carlin had the freedom to say it as long as he caused no disturbance. In 1973, a man complained to the Federal Communications Commission after listening with his son to a similar routine, "Filthy Words", from Occupation: Foole, broadcast one afternoon over WBAI, a Pacifica Foundation FM radio station in New York City. Pacifica received a citation from the FCC that sought to fine the company for violating FCC regulations that prohibited broadcasting "obscene" material. The U.S. Supreme Court upheld the FCC action by a vote of 5 to 4, ruling that the routine was "indecent but not obscene" and that the FCC had authority to prohibit such broadcasts during hours when children were likely to be among the audience. (F.C.C. v. Pacifica Foundation, 438 U.S. 726 (1978). The court documents contain a complete transcript of the routine.)[43]
| “ | Shit, Piss, Fuck, Cunt, Cocksucker, Motherfucker, and Tits. Those are the heavy seven. Those are the ones that'll infect your soul, curve your spine and keep the country from winning the war. | ” |
|
—George Carlin, Class Clown, "Seven Words You Can Never Say on Television" |
||
The controversy only increased Carlin's fame. Carlin eventually expanded the dirty-words theme with a seemingly interminable end to a performance (ending with his voice fading out in one HBO version and accompanying the credits in the Carlin at Carnegie special for the 1982-83 season) and a set of 49 web pages[44] organized by subject and embracing his "Incomplete List Of Impolite Words."
It was on-stage during a rendition of his "Dirty Words" routine that Carlin learned that his previous comedy album FM & AM had won the Grammy. Midway through the performance on the album Occupation: Foole, he can be heard thanking someone for handing him a piece of paper. He then exclaims "Shit!" and proudly announces his win to the audience.
Carlin hosted the premiere broadcast of NBC's Saturday Night Live, on October 11, 1975, the only episode as of at least 2007 in which the host had no involvement (at his request) in sketches.[45] The following season, 1976–77, Carlin also appeared regularly on CBS Television's Tony Orlando & Dawn variety series.
Carlin unexpectedly stopped performing regularly in 1976, when his career appeared to be at its height. For the next five years, he rarely performed stand-up, although it was at this time that he began doing specials for HBO as part of its On Location series. He later revealed that he had suffered the first of three heart attacks during this layoff period.[5] His first two HBO specials aired in 1977 and 1978.
1980s and 1990s[link]
In 1981, Carlin returned to the stage, releasing A Place For My Stuff and returning to HBO and New York City with the Carlin at Carnegie TV special, videotaped at Carnegie Hall and airing during the 1982-83 season. Carlin continued doing HBO specials every year or every other year over the following decade and a half. All of Carlin's albums from this time forward are from the HBO specials.
He hosted SNL for the second time on November 10, 1984, this time appearing in several sketches. Carlin's acting career was primed with a major supporting role in the 1987 comedy hit Outrageous Fortune, starring Bette Midler and Shelley Long; it was his first notable screen role after a handful of previous guest roles on television series. Playing drifter Frank Madras, the role poked fun at the lingering effect of the 1960s counterculture. In 1989, he gained popularity with a new generation of teens when he was cast as Rufus, the time-traveling mentor of the titular characters in Bill & Ted's Excellent Adventure, and reprised his role in the film sequel Bill and Ted's Bogus Journey as well as the first season of the cartoon series. From 1991 to 1995, he narrated the American version of the children's show Thomas the Tank Engine & Friends, and played "Mr. Conductor" on Shining Time Station from 1991 to 1993. Also in 1991, Carlin had a major supporting role in the movie The Prince of Tides, which starred Nick Nolte and Barbra Streisand.
Carlin began a weekly Fox sitcom, The George Carlin Show, in 1993, playing New York City taxicab driver George O'Grady. The show, created and written by The Simpsons co-creator Sam Simon, ran 27 episodes through December 1995.[46]
In his final book, the posthumously published Last Words, Carlin said about The George Carlin Show, "I was incredibly happy when the show was canceled. I was frustrated that it had taken me away from my true work."[47]
In 1997, his first hardcover book, Brain Droppings, was published. The book sold nearly 900,000 copies and spent 40 weeks on the New York Times best-seller list. [48] Carlin was honored at the 1997 Aspen Comedy Festival with a retrospective, George Carlin: 40 Years of Comedy, hosted by Jon Stewart.
In 1999, Carlin played a supporting role as a satirical Roman Catholic cardinal in filmmaker Kevin Smith's movie Dogma. He worked with Smith again with a cameo appearance in Jay and Silent Bob Strike Back and later played an atypically serious role in Jersey Girl as the blue-collar father of Ben Affleck's character.
2000s[link]
In 2001, Carlin was given a Lifetime Achievement Award at the 15th Annual American Comedy Awards. In December 2003, California U.S. Representative Doug Ose (Republican), introduced a bill (H.R. 3687) to outlaw the broadcast of Carlin's "seven dirty words,"[49] including "compound use (including hyphenated compounds) of such words and phrases with each other or with other words or phrases, and other grammatical forms of such words and phrases (including verb, adjective, gerund, participle, and infinitive forms)." (The bill omits "tits," but includes "asshole," which was not part of Carlin's original routine.) This bill was never voted on. The last action on this bill was its referral to the House Judiciary Committee on the Constitution on January 15, 2004.[49]
For years, Carlin had performed regularly as a headliner in Las Vegas, but in 2005 he was fired from his headlining position at the MGM Grand Hotel in Las Vegas, Nevada, after an altercation with his audience. After a poorly received set filled with dark references to suicide bombings and beheadings, Carlin stated that he could not wait to get out of "this fucking hotel" and Las Vegas, claiming he wanted to go back east, "where the real people are." He continued to insult his audience, stating:
People who go to Las Vegas, you've got to question their fucking intellect to start with. Traveling hundreds and thousands of miles to essentially give your money to a large corporation is kind of fucking moronic. That's what I'm always getting here is these kind of fucking people with very limited intellects.
An audience member shouted back that Carlin should "stop degrading us," at which point Carlin responded, "Thank you very much, whatever that was. I hope it was positive; if not, well, blow me." He was immediately fired by MGM Grand and soon after announced he would enter rehab for alcohol and prescription painkiller addiction.[50][51]
He began a tour through the first half of 2006 following the airing of his thirteenth HBO Special on November 5, 2005, entitled Life is Worth Losing,[52] which was shown live from the Beacon Theatre in New York City and in which he stated early on: "I've got 341 days of sobriety," referring to the rehab he entered after being fired from MGM. Topics covered included suicide, natural disasters (and the desire to see them escalate in severity), cannibalism, genocide, human sacrifice, threats to civil liberties in America, and how an argument can be made that humans are inferior to other animals.
On February 1, 2006, during his Life Is Worth Losing set at the Tachi Palace Casino in Lemoore, California, Carlin mentioned to the crowd that he had been discharged from the hospital only six weeks previously for "heart failure" and "pneumonia", citing the appearance as his "first show back."
Carlin provided the voice of Fillmore, a character in the Disney/Pixar animated feature Cars, which opened in theaters on June 9, 2006. The character Fillmore, who is presented as an anti-establishment hippie, is a VW Microbus with a psychedelic paint job whose front license plate reads "51237," Carlin's birthday and also the Zip Code for George, Iowa. In 2007, Carlin provided the voice of the wizard in Happily N'Ever After, along with Sarah Michelle Gellar, Freddie Prinze Jr., Andy Dick, and Wallace Shawn, his last film.
Carlin's last HBO stand-up special, It's Bad for Ya, aired live on March 1, 2008, from the Wells Fargo Center for the Arts in Santa Rosa, California.[53] The themes that appeared in this HBO special included "American Bullshit," "Rights," "Death," "Old Age," and "Child Rearing." In his routine, he brought to light many of the problems facing America, and he told his audience to cut through the "bullshit" of the world and "enjoy the carnival." Carlin had been working on the new material for this HBO special for several months prior in concerts all over the country.
Personal life[link]
In 1961, Carlin married Brenda Hosbrook (August 5, 1936 - May 11, 1997), whom he had met while touring the previous year. The couple's only child, a daughter named Kelly, was born on June 15, 1963.[54] In 1971, George and Brenda renewed their wedding vows in Las Vegas. Brenda died of liver cancer a day before Carlin's 60th birthday, in 1997.
Carlin later married Sally Wade on June 24, 1998, and the marriage lasted until his death, two days before their tenth anniversary.[55]
Carlin often criticized elections as an illusion of choice.[56] He said the last time he voted was 1972, for George McGovern who ran for President against Richard Nixon.[57]
Religion[link]
Although raised in the Roman Catholic faith, which he describes anecdotally on the albums FM & AM and Class Clown, religion, God, and particularly religious adherents were frequent subjects of criticism in Carlin's routines. He described his opinion of the flaws of organized religion in interviews and performances, notably with his "Religion" and "There Is No God" routines as heard in You Are All Diseased. His views on religion are also mentioned in his last HBO stand up show It's Bad for Ya where he mocked the traditional swearing on the Bible as "bullshit,"[58] "make believe," and "kids' stuff." In It's Bad for Ya, Carlin noted differences in the types of hats religions ban or require as part of their practices. He mentions that he would never want to be a part of a group that requires or bans the wearing of hats. Carlin also joked in his second book, Brain Droppings, that he worshipped the Sun, one reason being that he could see it.
Themes[link]
Carlin's material falls under one of three self-described categories: "the little world" (observational humor), "the big world" (social commentary), and the peculiarities of the English language (euphemisms, doublespeak, business jargon), all sharing the overall theme of (in his words) "humanity's bullshit," which might include murder, genocide, war, rape, corruption, religion and other aspects of human civilization. He was known for mixing observational humour with larger social commentary. His delivery frequently treated these subjects in a misanthropic and nihilistic fashion, such as in his statement during the Life is Worth Losing show:
I look at it this way... For centuries now, man has done everything he can to destroy, defile, and interfere with nature: clear-cutting forests, strip-mining mountains, poisoning the atmosphere, over-fishing the oceans, polluting the rivers and lakes, destroying wetlands and aquifers... so when nature strikes back, and smacks him on the head and kicks him in the nuts, I enjoy that. I have absolutely no sympathy for human beings whatsoever. None. And no matter what kind of problem humans are facing, whether it's natural or man-made, I always hope it gets worse.
Language was a frequent focus of Carlin's work. Euphemisms that, in his view, seek to distort and lie and the use of language he felt was pompous, presumptuous, or silly were often the target of Carlin's routines. When asked on Inside the Actors Studio what turned him on, he responded, "Reading about language." When asked what made him most proud about his career, he said the number of his books that have been sold, close to a million copies.
Carlin also gave special attention to prominent topics in American and Western Culture, such as obsession with fame and celebrity, consumerism, conservative Christianity, political alienation, corporate control, hypocrisy, child raising, fast food diet, news stations, self-help publications, blind patriotism, sexual taboos, certain uses of technology and surveillance, and the pro-life position,[59] among many others.
Carlin openly communicated in his shows and in his interviews that his purpose for existence was entertainment, that he was "here for the show." He professed a hearty schadenfreude in watching the rich spectrum of humanity slowly self-destruct, in his estimation, of its own design, saying, "When you're born, you get a ticket to the freak show. When you're born in America, you get a front-row seat." He acknowledged that this is a very selfish thing, especially since he included large human catastrophes as entertainment. In his You Are All Diseased concert, he elaborated somewhat on this, telling the audience, "I have always been willing to put myself at great personal risk for the sake of entertainment. And I've always been willing to put you at great personal risk, for the same reason!"
In the same interview, he recounted his experience of a California earthquake in the early 1970s, as "[a]n amusement park ride. Really, I mean it's such a wonderful thing to realize that you have absolutely no control, and to see the dresser move across the bedroom floor unassisted is just exciting."
A routine in Carlin's 1999 HBO special You Are All Diseased focusing on airport security leads up to the statement: "Take a fucking chance! Put a little fun in your life! Most Americans are soft and frightened and unimaginative and they don't realize there's such a thing as dangerous fun, and they certainly don't recognize a good show when they see one."
Along with wordplay and sex jokes, Carlin had always included politics as part of his material, but by the mid 1980s he had become a strident social critic in both his HBO specials and the book compilations of his material, bashing both conservatives and liberals alike. His HBO viewers got an especially sharp taste of this in his take on the Ronald Reagan administration during the 1988 special What Am I Doing In New Jersey?, broadcast live from the Park Theatre in Union City, New Jersey.
Death and legacy[link]
Carlin had a history of cardiac problems spanning several decades, including three heart attacks (in 1978 at age 41, 1982 and 1991), an arrhythmia requiring an ablation procedure in 2003, and a significant episode of heart failure in late 2005. He twice underwent angioplasty to reopen narrowed arteries.[60] In early 2005 he entered a drug rehabilitation facility for treatment of addictions to alcohol and Vicodin.[61]
On June 22, 2008, Carlin was admitted to Saint John's Health Center in Santa Monica after experiencing chest pain, and he died later that day of heart failure. He was 71 years old.[62] His death occurred one week after his last performance at The Orleans Hotel and Casino in Las Vegas. There were further shows on his itinerary.[21][63][64] In accordance with his wishes, he was cremated, his ashes scattered, and no public or religious services of any kind were held.[65][66]
In tribute, HBO broadcast eleven of his fourteen HBO specials from June 25–28, including a twelve-hour marathon block on their HBO Comedy channel. NBC scheduled a rerun of the premiere episode of Saturday Night Live, which Carlin hosted.[67][68][69] Both Sirius Satellite Radio's "Raw Dog Comedy" and XM Satellite Radio's "XM Comedy" channels ran a memorial marathon of George Carlin recordings the day following his death. Larry King devoted his entire June 23 show to a tribute to Carlin, featuring interviews with Jerry Seinfeld, Bill Maher, Roseanne Barr and Lewis Black, as well as Carlin's daughter Kelly and his brother, Patrick.
On June 24, The New York Times published an op-ed piece on Carlin by Seinfeld.[70] Cartoonist Garry Trudeau paid tribute in his Doonesbury comic strip on July 27.[71]
Four days before his death, the John F. Kennedy Center for the Performing Arts had named Carlin its 2008 Mark Twain Prize for American Humor honoree.[72] The prize was awarded in Washington, D.C. on November 10, making Carlin the first posthumous recipient.[73] Comedians honoring him at the ceremony included Jon Stewart, Bill Maher, Lily Tomlin (a past Twain Humor Prize winner), Lewis Black, Denis Leary, Joan Rivers, and Margaret Cho.
Louis C.K. dedicated his stand-up special Chewed Up to Carlin, and Lewis Black dedicated his entire second season of Root of All Evil to him.
For a number of years, Carlin had been compiling and writing his autobiography, to be released in conjunction with a one-man Broadway show tentatively titled New York City Boy. After his death Tony Hendra, his collaborator on both projects, edited the autobiography for release as Last Words (ISBN 1-4391-7295-1). The book, chronicling most of Carlin's life and future plans (including the one-man show) was published in 2009. The audio edition is narrated by Carlin's brother, Patrick.[74]
The text of the one-man show is scheduled for publication under the title New York Boy.[75]
The George Carlin Letters: The Permanent Courtship of Sally Wade,[76] by Carlin's widow, a collection of previously-unpublished writings and artwork by Carlin interwoven with Wade’s chronicle of the last ten years of their life together, was published in March 2011. (The subtitle is the phrase on a handwritten note Wade found next to her computer upon returning home from the hospital after her husband's death.)[77]
In 2008 Carlin's daughter Kelly Carlin-McCall announced plans to publish an "oral history", a collection of stories from Carlin's friends and family,[78] but she later indicated that the project had been shelved in favor of completion of her own memoir.[79]
Works[link]
Discography[link]
- Main
- 1963: Burns and Carlin at the Playboy Club Tonight
- 1967: Take-Offs and Put-Ons
- 1972: FM & AM
- 1972: Class Clown
- 1973: Occupation: Foole
- 1974: Toledo Window Box
- 1975: An Evening with Wally Londo Featuring Bill Slaszo
- 1977: On the Road
- 1981: A Place for My Stuff
- 1984: Carlin on Campus
- 1986: Playin' with Your Head
- 1988: What Am I Doing in New Jersey?
- 1990: Doin' It Again / Parental Advisory: Explicit Lyrics
- 1992: Jammin' in New York
- 1996: Back in Town
- 1999: You Are All Diseased
- 2001: Complaints and Grievances
- 2006: Life Is Worth Losing
- 2008: It's Bad for Ya
- Compilations
- 1978: Indecent Exposure: Some of the Best of George Carlin
- 1984: The George Carlin Collection
- 1992: Classic Gold
- 1999: The Little David Years (1971-1977)
- 2002: George Carlin on Comedy
Filmography[link]
| Year | Title | Role | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1968 | With Six You Get Eggroll | Herbie Fleck | |
| 1976 | Car Wash | Taxi driver | |
| 1979 | Americathon | Narrator | |
| 1987 | Outrageous Fortune | Frank Madras | |
| 1989 | Bill & Ted's Excellent Adventure | Rufus | |
| 1990 | Working Tra$h | Ralph | |
| 1991 | Bill & Ted's Bogus Journey | Rufus | |
| The Prince of Tides | Eddie Detreville | ||
| 1999 | Dogma | Cardinal Ignatius Glick | |
| 2001 | Jay and Silent Bob Strike Back | Hitchhiker | |
| 2003 | Scary Movie 3 | Architect | |
| 2004 | Jersey Girl | Bart Trinké | |
| 2005 | Tarzan II | Zugor | Voice only |
| The Aristocrats | Himself | ||
| 2006 | Cars | Fillmore | Voice only |
| Mater and the Ghostlight | |||
| 2007 | Happily N'Ever After | Wizard |
Television[link]
- The Kraft Summer Music Hall (1966)
- That Girl (Guest appearance) (1966)
- The Ed Sullivan Show (multiple appearances)
- The Smothers Brothers Comedy Hour (season 3 guest appearance) (1968)
- What's My Line? (Guest Appearance) (1969)
- The Flip Wilson Show (writer, performer) (1971–1973)
- The Mike Douglas Show (Guest) (February 18, 1972)
- Saturday Night Live (Host, episodes 1 and 183) (1975 & 1984)
- Justin Case (as Justin Case) (1988) TV movie directed Blake Edwards
- Thomas the Tank Engine & Friends (as American Narrator: Series 3-4\redubbed Series 1-2) (1991–1995)
- Shining Time Station (as Mr. Conductor) (1991–1993)
- Mr. Conductor's Thomas Tales (1996-1997)
- Storytime with Thomas (1998)
- The George Carlin Show (as George O'Grady) (1994-1995) Fox
- Streets of Laredo (as Billy Williams) (1995)
- The Simpsons (as Munchie, episode "D'oh-in in the Wind") (1998)
- Caillou (Caillou's Grandpa) (1998-2008)
- The Daily Show (guest on February 1, 1999; December 16, 1999; and March 10, 2004)
- MADtv (Guest appearance in episodes 518 & 524) (2000)
- Inside the Actors Studio (2004)
- Cars Toons: Mater's Tall Tales (as Fillmore) (archive footage) (2008)
- In 1998, Carlin had a cameo playing one of the funeral-attending comedians in Jerry Seinfeld's HBO special I'm Telling You For The Last Time. In the funeral intro (the only thing being buried is Jerry Seinfeld's material) Carlin learns that neither friend Robert Klein nor Ed McMahon ever saw Jerry's act. Carlin did, and enjoyed it, but admits "I was full of drugs."
HBO specials[link]
| Special | Year | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| On Location: George Carlin at USC | 1977 | |
| George Carlin: Again! | 1978 | |
| Carlin at Carnegie | 1982 | |
| Carlin on Campus | 1984 | |
| Playin' with Your Head | 1986 | |
| What Am I Doing in New Jersey? | 1988 | |
| Doin' It Again | 1990 | |
| Jammin' in New York | 1992 | |
| Back in Town | 1996 | |
| George Carlin: 40 Years of Comedy | 1997 | |
| You Are All Diseased | 1999 | |
| Complaints and Grievances | 2001 | |
| Life Is Worth Losing | 2005 | |
| All My Stuff | 2007 |
A boxset of Carlin's first 12 stand-up specials |
| It's Bad for Ya | 2008 |
Bibliography[link]
| Book | Year | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| Sometimes a Little Brain Damage Can Help | 1984 | ISBN 0-89471-271-3[80] |
| Brain Droppings | 1997 | ISBN 0-7868-8321-9[81] |
| Napalm and Silly Putty | 2001 | ISBN 0-7868-8758-3[82] |
| When Will Jesus Bring the Pork Chops? | 2004 | ISBN 1-4013-0134-7[83] |
| Three Times Carlin: An Orgy of George | 2006 | ISBN 978-1-4013-0243-6[84] A collection of the 3 previous titles. |
| Watch My Language | 2009 | ISBN 0-7868-8838-5[85][86] Posthumous release (not yet released). |
| Last Words | 2009 | ISBN 1-4391-7295-1[87] Posthumous release. |
Audiobooks[link]
- Brain Droppings
- Napalm and Silly Putty
- More Napalm & Silly Putty
- George Carlin Reads to You
- When Will Jesus Bring the Pork Chops?
Internet hoaxes[link]
Since the birth of spam email on the internet, many chain-forwards, usually rantlike and with blunt statements of belief on political and social issues and attributed to being written (or stated) by George Carlin himself, have made continuous rounds on the junk email circuit. The website Snopes, an online resource that debunks historic and present urban legends and myths, has extensively covered these forgeries. Many of the falsely attributed email attachments have contained material that runs directly opposite to Carlin's viewpoints, with some being especially volatile toward racial groups, gays, women, the homeless, etc. Carlin himself, when he was made aware of each of these bogus emails, would debunk them on his own website, writing: "Nothing you see on the Internet is mine unless it comes from one of my albums, books, HBO specials, or appeared on my website," and that "it bothers me that some people might believe that I would be capable of writing some of this stuff."[88][89][90][91][92][93]
See also[link]
References[link]
- ^ Murray, Noel (November 2, 2005). "Interviews: George Carlin". The A.V. Club (The Onion). http://www.avclub.com/content/node/42195. Retrieved 2008-06-23.
- ^ a b c d e f Merrill, Sam (January 1982). "Playboy Interview: George Carlin". Playboy
- ^ Carlin, George (November 1, 2004). "Comedian and Actor George Carlin". National Public Radio. http://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=4136881. Retrieved 2008-06-23.
- ^ a b Carlin, George, George Carlin on Comedy, "Lenny Bruce", Laugh.com, 2002
- ^ a b c d e f g "George Carlin". Inside the Actors Studio. episode 4. season 1. 2004-10-31. Bravo TV.
- ^ Rock, Chris (2008-07-03). "Chris Rock Salutes George Carlin". EW.com. http://www.ew.com/ew/article/0,20210534,00.html. Retrieved 2008-07-04.
- ^ Seinfeld, Jerry (2007-04-01). Jerry Seinfeld: The Comedian Award (TV). HBO.
- ^ C.K., Louis (2008-06-22). "Goodbye George Carlin". LouisCK.net. http://www.louisck.net/2008/06/goodbye-george-carlin.html. Retrieved 2008-06-23.
- ^ Gillette, Amelie (2006-06-07). "Lewis Black". The A.V. Club. The Onion. http://origin.avclub.com/content/node/49217. Retrieved 2008-06-23.
- ^ Stewart, Jon (1997-02-27). George Carlin: 40 Years of Comedy (TV). HBO.
- ^ Rabin, Nathan (2006-01-25). "Stephen Colbert". The A.V. Club. The Onion. http://www.avclub.com/content/node/44705. Retrieved 2006-06-23.
- ^ "episode 38". Real Time with Bill Maher. episode 18. season 2. 2004-10-01. HBO.
- ^ "Comedians: Patrice O'Neal". Comedy Central. 2008-10-30. http://www.comedycentral.com/comedians/browse/o/patrice_oneal.jhtml. Retrieved 2009-07-30.
- ^ "2007 October « The Official Adam Carolla Show Blog". Adamradio.wordpress.com. http://adamradio.wordpress.com/2007/10/. Retrieved 2009-07-30.
- ^ Rabin, Nathan (2003-06-18). "Colin Quinn". The A.V. Club. The Onion. http://www.avclub.com/content/node/22529. Retrieved 2008-06-23.
- ^ Rabin, Nathan (2006-11-09). "Steven Wright". The A.V. Club. The Onion. http://www.avclub.com/content/node/54975. Retrieved 2008-06-23.
- ^ Jeffries, David (unspecified). "Mitch Hedberg". Biography. Allmusic. http://allmusic.com/artist/mitch-hedberg-p602821. Retrieved 2011-04-14.
- ^ Alan Cho, Gauntlet Entertainment (2005-11-24). "Gauntlet Entertainment — Comedy Preview: Russell Peters won't a hurt you real bad - 2005-11-24". Gauntlet.ucalgary.ca. http://gauntlet.ucalgary.ca/a/story/9549. Retrieved 2009-07-30.
- ^ a b Breuer, Howard, and Stephen M, Silverman (2008-06-24). "Carlin Remembered: He Helped Other Comics with Drug Problems". People. Time Inc.. http://www.people.com/people/article/0,20208460,00.html?xid=rss-fullcontentcnn. Retrieved 2008-06-24.
- ^ Smith, Kevin (2008-06-23). "‘A God Who Cussed’". Newsweek. http://www.newsweek.com/id/142975/page/1. Retrieved 2008-07-27.
- ^ a b Entertainment Tonight. George Carlin Has Died[dead link]
- ^ "Comedian George Carlin wins posthumous Grammy". Reuters. February 8, 2009. http://www.reuters.com/article/entertainmentNews/idUSTRE5171UA20090208. Retrieved 2009-02-08.
- ^ "Stand Up Comedy & Comedians". Comedy Zone. http://www.comedy-zone.net/standup/comedian/index.htm. Retrieved 2006-08-10.
- ^ Carlin, George (2001-11-17). Complaints and Grievances (TV). HBO.
- ^ Carlin, George (2009-11-10). "The Old Man and the Sunbeam". Last Words. New York: Free Press. p. 6. ISBN 1-4391-7295-1. "Lying there in New York Hospital, my first definitive act on this planet was to vomit."
- ^ "George Carlin Biography (1937-)". Filmreference.com. http://www.filmreference.com/film/52/George-Carlin.html. Retrieved 2009-07-30.
- ^ Carlin, George (2008-03-01). It's Bad for Ya! (TV). HBO.
- ^ Class Clown, "I Used to Be Irish Catholic", 1972, Little David Records.
- ^ "George Carlin knows what's 'Bad for Ya'". Associated Press. CNN.com. 2008-02-28. http://m.cnn.com/cnn/archive/archive/detail/80004/full. Retrieved 2008-05-24.
- ^ Psychology Today: George Carlin's last interview. Retrieved August 13, 2008.
- ^ "George Carlin: Early Years", George Carlin website (georgecarlin.com)
- ^ Flegenheimer, Matt, "‘Carlin Street’ Resisted by His Old Church. Was It Something He Said?", The New York Times, October 25, 2011
- ^ Gonzalez, David. He also briefly attended the Salesian High School in Goshen, NY. George Carlin Didn’t Shun School That Ejected Him. The New York Times. June 24, 2008.
- ^ Comedian George Carlin dies at 71 Variety, June 22, 2008
- ^ "Texas Radio Hall of Fame: George Carlin". http://www.texasradiohalloffame.com/georgecarlin.html.
- ^ a b "Timeline - 1960s". George Carlin Biography. http://www.georgecarlin.com/time/time3B.html. Retrieved 2008-06-25.
- ^ "Biographical information for George Carlin". Kennedy Center. http://www.kennedy-center.org/calendar/index.cfm?fuseaction=showIndividual&entity_id=19830&source_type=A. Retrieved 2009-07-30.
- ^ "George Carlin's official site (see Timeline) . Retrieved August 14, 2006". Georgecarlin.com. http://www.georgecarlin.com/home/home.html. Retrieved 2009-07-30.
- ^ "Away We Go". IMDB. 1967. http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0061235/. Retrieved 12 October 2011.
- ^ ABC World News Tonight; June 23, 2008.
- ^ "Profanity". Penn & Teller: Bullshit!. episode 10. season 2. 2004-08-12. Showtime.
- ^ Jim Stingl (June 30, 2007). "Carlin's naughty words still ring in officer's ears". Milwaukee Journal Sentinel. Archived from the original on September 29, 2007. http://web.archive.org/web/20070929124942/http://www.jsonline.com/story/index.aspx?id=626471. Retrieved 2008-03-23.
- ^ "FCC vs. Pacifica Foundation". Electronic Frontier Foundation. July 3, 1978. http://w2.eff.org/legal/cases/FCC_v_Pacifica/fcc_v_pacifica.decision. Retrieved 2008-06-23.
- ^ "BBS". George Carlin. http://www.georgecarlin.com/dirty/2443.html. Retrieved 2009-07-30.
- ^ "Saturday Night Live". Geoffrey Hammill, The Museum of Broadcast Communications. no date. http://www.museum.tv/archives/etv/S/htmlS/saturdaynigh/saturdaynigh.htm. Retrieved May 17, 2007.
- ^ "1990-1999". GeorgeCarlin.com. http://www.georgecarlin.com/time/time3E.html. Retrieved 2009-07-30.
- ^ Last Words', Simon & Schuster, 2009'
- ^ "The Kennedy Center". http://www.kennedy-center.org/explorer/artists/?entity_id=19830. Retrieved 2012-05-27.
- ^ a b Library of Congress. Bill Summary & Status 108th Congress (2003 - 2004) H.R.3687. THOMAS website. Retrieved July 20, 2008.
- ^ "reviewjournal.com". reviewjournal.com. 2004-12-04. http://www.reviewjournal.com/lvrj_home/2004/Dec-04-Sat-2004/news/25407915.html. Retrieved 2009-07-30.
- ^ "George Carlin enters rehab". CNN.com. 2004-12-29. http://articles.cnn.com/2004-12-27/entertainment/george.carlin_1_rehab-jeff-abraham-pork-chops?_s=PM:SHOWBIZ. Retrieved 2010-11-12.
- ^ "Carlin: Life is Worth Losing". HBO. http://www.hbo.com/events/gcarlin/?ntrack_para1=insidehbo3_text. Retrieved 2009-07-30.
- ^ Wloszczyna, Susan (2007-09-24). "George Carlin reflects on 50 years (or so) of 'All My Stuff'". USA Today. http://www.usatoday.com/life/movies/dvd/2007-09-24-carlin-collection_N.htm. Retrieved 2007-10-08.
- ^ Carlin, George; Tony Hendra (2009). Last Words. Free Press. pp. 150–151. ISBN 978-1-4391-7295-7.
- ^ George Carlin's Loved Ones Speak Out. Entertainment Tonight. 2008-06-23. Archived from the original on June 25, 2008. http://web.archive.org/web/20080625032232/http://www.etonline.com/news/2008/06/62841/index.html. Retrieved 2008-06-23
- ^ April 06, 2008 (2008-04-06). "1:37". Youtube.com. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VOWe4-KXqMM. Retrieved 2009-07-30.
- ^ "George Carlin.". http://althouse.blogspot.com/2004/11/george-carlin.html.
- ^ http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MeSSwKffj9o
- ^ "Abortion" in the HBO Special Back in Town
- ^ Carlin, G. (2009). Last words. New York, NY: Simon & Schuster. pp. 75-76.
- ^ George Carlin enters rehab. CNN. 2004-12-29. http://edition.cnn.com/2004/SHOWBIZ/books/12/27/george.carlin/index.html. Retrieved 2008-01-19
- ^ Watkins M and Weber B (June 24, 2008). George Carlin, Comic Who Chafed at Society and Its Constraints, Dies at 71. NY Times archive Retrieved March 6, 2011
- ^ ETonline.com. George Carlin has died
- ^ "Grammy-Winning Comedian, Counter-Culture Figure George Carlin Dies at 71". Foxnews.com. 2008-06-23. http://www.foxnews.com/story/0,2933,370121,00.html. Retrieved 2008-06-23.
- ^ George gets the last word Retrieved on June 28, 2008
- ^ "Private services for Carlin". Dailynews.com. http://www.dailynews.com/breakingnews/ci_9708481. Retrieved 2009-07-30.
- ^ HBO,'SNL' to replay classic Carlin this week Retrieved on June 24, 2008
- ^ George Carlin Televised Retrieved on June 23, 2008
- ^ HBO schedule Retrieved on June 27, 2008
- ^ Seinfeld, Jerry (2008-06-24). Dying Is Hard. Comedy Is Harder.. The New York Times. http://www.nytimes.com/2008/06/24/opinion/24seinfeld.html?hp. Retrieved 2008-08-09
- ^ Doonesbury comic strip, 27 July 2008. Retrieved 15 November 2010.
- ^ Trescott, Jacqueline; "Bleep! Bleep! George Carlin To Receive Mark Twain Humor Prize"; washingtonpost.com; June 18, 2008
- ^ "George Carlin becomes first posthumous Mark Twain honoree". Reuters. June 23, 2008. http://www.reuters.com/article/topNews/idUSN2328397920080623?feedType=RSS&feedName=topNews. Retrieved 2008-06-25.
- ^ Deahl, Rachel (July 14, 2009). "Free Press Acquires Posthumous Carlin Memoir". Publishers Weekly. http://www.publishersweekly.com/article/CA6670970.html
- ^ "New York Boy". Amazon.ca. http://www.amazon.ca/dp/0786888385%3FSubscriptionId%3D1NNRF7QZ418V218YP1R2%26tag%3Dbf-ns-author-lp-1-20%26linkCode%3Dxm2%26camp%3D2025%26creative%3D165953%26creativeASIN%3D0786888385. Retrieved October 9, 2010.
- ^ Wade, Sally (March 8, 2011). The George Carlin Letters: The Permanent Courtship of Sally Wade. Gallery. ISBN 1-4516-0776-8.
- ^ LA Weekly
- ^ USA Today "Daughter to shed light on Carlin's life and stuff. Wloszczyna, Susan. November 4, 2008.
- ^ Kelly Carlin-McCall (December 30, 2009). Comedy Land Retrieved March 14, 2011.
- ^ Carlin, George (1984). Sometimes a Little Brain Damage Can Help. Philadelphia: Running Press Book Publishers. ISBN 0-89471-271-3.
- ^ Carlin, George (1998). Brain Droppings. New York: Hyperion. ISBN 0-7868-8321-9.
- ^ Carlin, George (2001). Napalm & Silly Putty. New York: Hyperion. ISBN 0-7868-8758-3.
- ^ Carlin, George (2004). When Will Jesus Bring the Pork Chops?. New York: Hyperion. ISBN 1-4013-0134-7.
- ^ Carlin, George (2006). Three Times Carlin. New York: Hyperion. ISBN 978-1-4013-0243-6.
- ^ Carlin, George (2009). Watch My Language. New York: Hyperion. ISBN 0-7868-8838-5.
- ^ "Watch My Language". BookFinder.com. http://www.bookfinder.com/search/?ac=sl&st=sl&qi=EhPZdhW,SwMerM5tkcE9WhmSc0w_2967720197_1:134:839&bq=author%3Dgeorge%2520carlin%26title%3Dwatch%2520my%2520language. Retrieved October 9, 2010.
- ^ Carlin, George (2009). Last Words. New York: Free Press. ISBN 1-4391-7295-1.
- ^ Barbara Mikkelson. "George Carlin on Aging" snopes.com; June 27, 2008
- ^ "Barbara Mikkelson. "The Paradox of Our Time" snopes.com; November 1, 2007". Snopes.com. http://www.snopes.com/politics/soapbox/paradox.asp. Retrieved 2009-07-30.
- ^ ""The Bad American" snopes.com; October 2, 2005". Snopes.com. http://www.snopes.com/politics/soapbox/carlin.asp. Retrieved 2009-07-30.
- ^ "Barbara Mikkelson "Hurricane Rules" snopes.com; October 23, 2005". Snopes.com. http://www.snopes.com/katrina/soapbox/carlin.asp. Retrieved 2009-07-30.
- ^ "Barbara Mikkelson "Gas Crisis Solution" snopes.com; February 5, 2007". Snopes.com. http://www.snopes.com/politics/soapbox/carlingas.asp. Retrieved 2009-07-30.
- ^ ""New Rules for 2006" January 12, 2006". Snopes.com. http://www.snopes.com/politics/soapbox/newrules.asp. Retrieved 2009-07-30.
External links[link]
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Wikiquote has a collection of quotations related to: George Carlin |
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Wikimedia Commons has media related to: George Carlin |
- Official website
- George Carlin at the Internet Movie Database
- Appearances on C-SPAN
- George Carlin on Charlie Rose
- Works by or about George Carlin in libraries (WorldCat catalog)
- George Carlin collected news and commentary at The New York Times
- George Carlin at the Rotten Library
- Interview at Archive of American Television
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| Persondata | |
|---|---|
| Name | Carlin, George |
| Alternative names | Carlin, George Denis Patrick |
| Short description | Comedian, actor, writer |
| Date of birth | May 12, 1937 |
| Place of birth | Manhattan |
| Date of death | June 22, 2008 |
| Place of death | Santa Monica, California |
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This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, which means that you can copy and modify it as long as the entire work (including additions) remains under this license.
