Tejano

Wednesday, 20 February 2013

Puro Tejano Mix 90s Palominos,Bobby P. Intocable,Pesado.wmv

2011 Tejano Conjunto Festival - Day 2 Accordion Conjunto Jam

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Canary Islands
The Canary Islands (English /kəˈnɛəri ˈaɪləndz/; Spanish: Islas Canarias [ˈizlas kaˈnaɾjas, ˈihlah kaˈnaɾjas]), also known as the Canaries (Spanish: Canarias), is a Spanish archipelago located just off the northwest coast of mainland Africa, 100 km west of the border between Morocco and the Western Sahara. The Canaries are a Spanish autonomous community and an outermost region of the European Union. The islands include (from largest to smallest): Tenerife, Fuerteventura, Gran Canaria, Lanzarote, La Palma, La Gomera, El Hierro, La Graciosa, Alegranza, Isla de Lobos, Montaña Clara, Roque del Este and Roque del Oeste. The Canary Islands are legally recognized as a nationality of Spain. Geographically it is a part of the African Continent.^{[citation needed]}
The archipelago's beaches, climate and important natural attractions, especially Teide National Park and Mount Teide (the third tallest volcano in the world measured from its base on the ocean floor), make it a major tourist destination, with over 12 million visitors per year, especially Tenerife, Gran Canaria and Lanzarote. The islands have a subtropical climate, with long warm summers and moderately warm winters. Due to their location above the temperature inversion layer, these islands are ideal for astronomical observation. For this reason, two professional observatories, Teide Observatory on the island of Tenerife and Roque de los Muchachos Observatory on the island of La Palma, have been built on the islands.

wn.com/Canary_Islands
Coahuila
Coahuila, formally Coahuila de Zaragoza (Spanish pronunciation: [koaˈwila ðe saɾaˈɣosa]), officially Free and Sovereign State of Coahuila de Zaragoza (Spanish: Estado Libre y Soberano de Coahuila de Zaragoza), is one of the 31 states which, along with the Federal District, compose the 32 Federal Entities of Mexico. The state is located in Northeastern Mexico.
Coahuila borders the Mexican states of Nuevo León to the east, Zacatecas and San Luis Potosí to the south, and Durango and Chihuahua to the west. To the north, Coahuila accounts for a 512 kilometres (318 mi) stretch of the U.S. - Mexico border, adjacent to the United States state of Texas along the course of the Rio Grande (Río Bravo del Norte). With an area of 151,563 square kilometres (58,519 sq mi), it is the nation's third-largest state. It comprises 38 municipalities (municipios). In 2010, Coahuila's population is 2,748,391 inhabitants.
The capital of Coahuila is Saltillo, and its largest city is Torreón. Coahuila also includes the cities of Monclova (a former state capital), Piedras Negras, and Ciudad Acuña.

wn.com/Coahuila
East Thrace
Coordinates: 41°9′13″N 27°22′0″E / 41.15361°N 27.366667°E / 41.15361; 27.366667
East Thrace or Eastern Thrace (Turkish: Doğu Trakya or simply Trakya; Bulgarian: Източна Тракия, Iztochna Trakiya; Greek: Ανατολική Θράκη, Anatoliki Thraki), also known as Turkish Thrace, is the part of the modern republic of Turkey that is geographically part of Europe, all in the eastern part of the historical region of Thrace; most of Turkey is in Anatolia, also known as Asia Minor. Turkish Thrace is also called European Turkey. This area includes the historic centre of old İstanbul (medieval Constantinople), as well as such cities as Edirne (the historical capital of the Ottoman vilayet that comprised all Thrace), Tekirdağ, Çorlu, Lüleburgaz and Kırklareli.
East Thrace, which is also known as European Turkey, holds about 12 percent of the population and has an area of 23,764 km² (3 percent of the country). Asiatic Turkey, called Anatolia or Asia Minor, has an area of 755,688 km² (97 percent of the country). The two are separated by the Dardanelles, Sea of Marmara and Straits of the Bosphorus, a route of about 361 km. The European portion is bordered on the west by Greece for 212 km and on the north by Bulgaria for 269 km.

wn.com/East_Thrace
Louisiana
Louisiana (ⁱ/luːˌiːziˈænə/ or ⁱ/ˌluːziˈænə/; French: État de Louisiane, [lwizjan] ( listen); Louisiana Creole: Léta de la Lwizyàn) is a state located in the southern region of the United States of America. Louisiana is the 31st most extensive and the 25th most populous of the 50 United States. Its capital is Baton Rouge and largest city is New Orleans. Louisiana is the only state in the U.S. with political subdivisions termed parishes, which are local governments equivalent to counties. The largest parish by population is East Baton Rouge Parish, and the largest by land area is Cameron Parish.
Much of the state was formed from sediment washed down the Mississippi River, leaving enormous deltas and vast areas of coastal marsh and swamp. These contain a rich southern biota; typical examples include birds such as ibis and egrets. There are also many species of tree frogs, and fish such as sturgeon and paddlefish. In more elevated areas, fire is a natural process in the landscape, and has produced extensive areas of longleaf pine forest and wet savannas. These support an exceptionally large number of plant species including many species of orchids and carnivorus plants.

wn.com/Louisiana
Mexico City
Mexico City ( /ˈmɛksɨkoʊ ˈsɪti/; Spanish: Ciudad de México [sjuˈðað ðe ˈmexiko], also known as México D.F., or simply D.F.) is the Federal District (Distrito Federal), capital of Mexico and seat of the federal powers of the Mexican Union. It is a federal entity within Mexico which is not part of any one of the 31 Mexican states but belongs to the federation as a whole. Mexico City is the country's largest city as well as its most important political, cultural, educational and financial center.
As an "alpha" global city Mexico City is one of the most important financial centers in North America. It is located in the Valley of Mexico (Valle de México), a large valley in the high plateaus at the center of Mexico, at an altitude of 2,240 metres (7,350 ft). The city consists of sixteen boroughs.
The 2009 estimated population for the city proper was around 8.84 million people, and has a land area of 1,485 square kilometres (573 sq mi). According to the most recent definition agreed upon by the federal and state governments, the Mexico City metropolitan area population is 21.2 million people, making it the largest metropolitan area in the western hemisphere and the fifth largest agglomeration in the world.

wn.com/Mexico_City
New York
New York (/njuː ˈjɔrk/; locally IPA: [nɪu ˈjɔək] or [nuː ˈjɔɹk] ( listen)) is a state in the Northeastern region of the United States. New York is the 27th most extensive, the 3rd most populous, and the 7th most densely populated of the 50 United States. New York is bordered by New Jersey and Pennsylvania to the south, and by Connecticut, Massachusetts and Vermont to the east. The state has a maritime border with Rhode Island east of Long Island, as well as an international border with the Canadian provinces of Ontario to the west and north, and Quebec to the north. The state of New York is often referred to as New York State to distinguish it from New York City.
New York City, with a population of over 8.1 million, is the most populous city in the United States. Alone, it makes up over 40 percent of the population of New York state. It is known for its status as a center for finance and culture and for its status as the largest gateway for immigration to the United States. According to the U.S. Department of Commerce, New York City is also a destination of choice for many foreign visitors. Both the state and city were named for the 17th century Duke of York, James Stuart, future James II and VII of England and Scotland.

wn.com/New_York
Nueces River
The Nueces River is a river in the U.S. state of Texas, approximately 315 miles (507 km) long. It drains a region in central and southern Texas southeastward into the Gulf of Mexico. It is the southernmost major river in Texas northeast of the Rio Grande. Nueces is Spanish for nut or nuts; early settlers named the river after the numerous pecan trees along its banks.
The Nueces rises northwest of San Antonio in the Edwards Plateau, in Real County approximately 50 mi (80 km) north of Uvalde. It flows south through the Texas Hill Country, past Barksdale and Crystal City, approaching to within 35 mi (56 km) of the Rio Grande on the border with Mexico. East of Carrizo Springs it turns to the east, flowing through the scrub plains of South Texas, across rural Dimmit, La Salle,and McMullen counties. In La Salle county the river hardly ever flows except for when it rains. In central Live Oak County it is joined from the northwest by the Frio River, then flows southeast along the coastal plain past Mathis, where it is impounded to form the Lake Corpus Christi reservoir. It enters Corpus Christi Bay on the Gulf of Mexico at Corpus Christi.

wn.com/Nueces_River
Nuevo León
Nuevo León (Spanish pronunciation: [ˈnweβo leˈon]), officially Free and Sovereign State of Nuevo León (Spanish: Estado Libre y Soberano de Nuevo León), is one of the 31 states which, with the Federal District, comprise the 32 Federal Entities of Mexico. It is divided in 51 municipalities and its capital city is Monterrey.
It is located in Northeastern Mexico. It is bordered by the states of Tamaulipas to the north and east, San Luis Potosí to the south, and Coahuila to the west. To the north, Nuevo León has a 15 kilometer (9 mi) stretch of the U.S.-Mexico border adjacent to the U.S. state of Texas.
The state was named after the New Kingdom of León, an administrative territory of the Viceroyalty of New Spain.
Besides its capital, other important cities are Guadalupe, Santa Catarina, San Nicolás de los Garza, and San Pedro Garza García, all of which are part of the Monterrey Metropolitan area.
Nuevo León was originally founded by Alberto del Canto, although frequent raids by Chichimecas, the natives of the north, prevented the establishment of almost any permanent settlements. Subsequent to the failure of del Canto to populate Luis Carvajal y de la Cueva, at the head of Portuguese and Spanish settlers, requested permission from the Spanish King to attempt to repopulate the area which would be called the New Kingdom of León, it eventually became (along with the provinces of Coahuila, Nuevo Santander and Texas) one of the Eastern Internal Provinces in Northern New Spain.

wn.com/Nuevo_León
San Antonio River
The San Antonio River is a major waterway that originates in central Texas in a cluster of springs in north central San Antonio, approximately four miles north of Downtown, and follows a roughly southeastern path through the state. It eventually feeds into the Guadalupe River about ten miles from San Antonio Bay on the Gulf of Mexico. The river is 240 miles long and crosses five counties: Bexar, Goliad, Karnes, Refugio, and Wilson.

The first documented record of the river was from Álvar Núñez Cabeza de Vaca on his explorations of Texas in 1535. The river was later named after San Antonio de Padua by the first governor of Spanish Texas, Domingo Terán de los Ríos in 1691. During the Texas Revolution, the river was host to several major conflicts, including the Battle of Concepcion, the Grass Fight, the siege of Bexar, the Goliad Campaign, and the Battle of the Alamo.

Five major 18th century Spanish missions are lined up along the historical course of the river in San Antonio, including Mission Espada, Mission Concepcion, Mission San José, and Mission San Juan Capistrano. The most famous mission is San Antonio de Valero, better known as the Álamo and it's complementing fortress is, Presidio San Antonio de Bexar. The Presidio La Bahía and its mission, Mission Nuestra Señora del Espíritu Santo de Zúñiga in Goliad, Texas are also located along the southern portion of the river.

wn.com/San_Antonio_River
Tamaulipas
Tamaulipas (Spanish pronunciation: [tamauˈlipas]) officially Estado Libre y Soberano de Tamaulipas (English: Free and Sovereign State of Tamaulipas) is one of the 31 states which, with the Federal District, comprise the 32 Federal Entities of Mexico. It is divided in 43 municipalities and its capital city is Ciudad Victoria. The capital city was named after Guadalupe Victoria, the first President of Mexico.
It is located in Northeastern Mexico. It is bordered by the states of Veracruz to the southeast, San Luis Potosí to the southwest and Nuevo León to the west. To the north, it has a 370 km (142.9 mi) stretch of the U.S.-Mexico border along the state of Texas.
The name Tamaulipas is derived from Tamaholipa, a Huastec term in which the tam- prefix signifies "place where." As yet, there is no scholarly agreement on the meaning of holipa, but "high hills" is a common interpretation. Another explanation of the state name is Ta ma ho'lipam – “place, where the Lipan prey”.
In addition to the capital city, Ciudad Victoria, the state's largest cities include Reynosa, Matamoros, Nuevo Laredo, and Tampico.

wn.com/Tamaulipas
Texas
Texas (ⁱ/ˈtɛksəs/) (Alibamu: Teksi ) is the second most populous and the second most extensive of the 50 United States, and the most extensive state of the 48 contiguous United States. The name, based on the Caddo word "Tejas" meaning "friends" or "allies", was applied by the Spanish to the Caddo themselves and to the region of their settlement in East Texas. Located in the South Central United States, Texas shares an international border with the Mexican states of Chihuahua, Coahuila, Nuevo León, and Tamaulipas to the south, and borders the US states of New Mexico to the west, Oklahoma to the north, Arkansas to the northeast, and Louisiana to the east. Texas has an area of 268,820 square miles (696,200 km²), and a growing population of 25.7 million residents.
During the Spanish colonial rule, the area was officially known as the Nuevo Reino de Filipinas: La Provincia de Texas. Antonio Margil de Jesús was known to be the first person to use the name in a letter to the Viceroy of Mexico in July 20, 1716. The name was not popularly used in daily speech but often appeared in legal documents until the end of the 1800s.

wn.com/Texas

Abel Talamantez
Abel Talamántez Mendoza (born October 16, 1978 in Pecos, Texas), is a Mexican American singer. He is currently a singer for the band Cruz Martínez Y Los Super Reyes. He used to be in the bands Menudo,MDO, and A.B. Quintanilla Y Los Kumbia Kings.
Abel Talamántez grew up playing basketball with his brother (who would join La Sombra), with Cruz Martínez, owner and founder of international groups Kumbia Kings and Los Super Reyes, and three sisters (who would form Esmi Talamántez Y Viento Loco) in Pecos. He became a member of the famous Puerto Rican music group, Menudo, in 1992, after several group members had left the group in the middle of a scandal that had threatened to break up the band. Edgardo Díaz held auditions and Talamántez, together with Alexis Grullón, among others, were chosen as the new members of Menudo. At Menudo, Abel got to share the stage with the only member of the group who stayed through the scandal, Adrián Olivares, who also was the first non-Puerto Rican member of Menudo. For a short period, Talamántez moved to Puerto Rico with the rest of the band.

wn.com/Abel_Talamantez
Acadians
The Acadians (French: Acadiens, IPA: [akadjɛ̃]) are the descendants of the 17th-century French colonists who settled in Acadia, a colony of New France. The colony was located in what is now Eastern Canadas Maritime provinces (Nova Scotia, New Brunswick, and Prince Edward Island), as well as part of Quebec, and present-day Maine to the Kennebec River. Although today most of the Acadians and Québécois are French speaking (francophone) Canadians, Acadia was a distinct colony of New France, and was geographically and administratively separate from the French colony of Canada (modern day Quebec), which led to Acadians and Québécois developing two rather distinct histories and cultures. The settlers whose descendants became Acadians came from "all the regions of France but coming predominantly directly from the cities".
Prior to the British Conquest of Acadia in 1710, the Acadians lived for almost 80 years in Acadia. After the Conquest, they lived under British rule for the next forty-five years. During the French and Indian War, British colonial officers and New England legislators and militia carried out the Great Expulsion of 1755–1763. They deported approximately 11,500 Acadians from the maritime region. Approximately one-third perished from disease and drowning. One historian compared this event to a contemporary ethnic cleansing, while other historians suggested that the event is comparable with other deportations in history.

wn.com/Acadians
Albanian American
Albanian-Americans are United States citizens of full or partial Albanian ancestry. According to data from a 2008 Survey of the United States Government, there are 201,118 Americans of full or partial Albanian descent.
The first documented Albanian to have emigrated to the United States was Kolë Kristofori (English: Nicholas Christopher), who landed in Boston in the early 1880s and is remembered as the pioneer of the Albanian ethnic group in the USA. It wasn't until the 1900s (decade), however, that a large number of Albanians reached the US Eastern Coast: most of them were young bachelors from southern Albania. However the majority of this first wave of emigrants, approximatively 10,000, did not intend to permanently settle in the USA, and went back to Albania after World War I. Right at this time, another group of emigrants from Albania reached the USA. This new group settled and intermarried in their new country. The number of Albanians that reported the Albanian language as their mother tongue in 1920 was around 6,000.

wn.com/Albanian_American
Alberto Gonzales
Alberto R. Gonzales (born August 4, 1955) was the 80th, and the first Hispanic United States Attorney General, appointed in February of 2005 by President George W. Bush, becoming the highest-ranking Hispanic in government to date. Prior to his elevation, he was the first Hispanic White House General Counsel, and earlier he had been Bush's General Counsel during his governorship of Texas. In Texas Gonzales had also served as Secretary of State of Texas and then as a Texas Supreme Court Justice. Gonzales's tenure as US Attorney General was marked by several conflicts with Congress. Following bipartisan calls for his removal, Gonzales resigned from the office without explanation. Democrats were particularly opposed to Gonzales for his role in the firing of several US District Attorneys which they believe had politicized his office.
Alberto Gonzales was born to a Catholic family in San Antonio, Texas, and raised in Humble, a town outside of Houston. Of Mexican descent, he was the second of eight children born to Pablo and Maria Gonzales. His father, who died in 1982, was a migrant worker and then a construction worker with a second grade education. His mother worked at home raising eight children and had a sixth grade education. Gonzales and his family of ten lived in a small, two-bedroom home built by his father and uncles with no telephone and no hot running water. According to Gonzales, he is unaware whether immigration documentation exists for three of his grandparents who were born in Mexico and who, like Gonzales and his family, were poor and uneducated and thus they may have entered and resided in the United States illegally from Mexico or they may have entered and resided legally.

wn.com/Alberto_Gonzales
Alexis Bledel
Alexis Bledel (born September 16, 1981) is an American actress. She is known for her roles as Rory Gilmore in the television series Gilmore Girls and Lena Kaligaris in The Sisterhood of the Traveling Pants and The Sisterhood of the Traveling Pants 2.
Bledel was born Kimberly Alexis Bledel in Houston, Texas, the daughter of Nanette (née Dozier) and Martin Bledel. Her father is from Argentina, and has Danish ancestry. Her mother had been raised in Mexico from a young age. Of her parents' upbringing in Latin America, Bledel has stated "It's the only culture my mom knows from life, and my father as well, and they made the decision to raise their children within the context they had been raised in". Bledel was raised in a Spanish-speaking household, and did not learn English until she began school. She has a younger brother, Eric.
Bledel attended Catholic St. Agnes Academy in Houston, as well as Baptist and Lutheran schools. Her mother encouraged her to try community theater to overcome her shyness. As a child, Bledel appeared in local productions of Our Town and The Wizard of Oz.^{[citation needed]} She was scouted at a local shopping mall and given work as a fashion model. She went to Page Parkes Center for Modeling and Acting and attended NYU's Tisch School of the Arts for one year.

wn.com/Alexis_Bledel
Antonio de Olivares
Antonio de Olivares was a Spanish Franciscan (Moguer, 1630 - Querétaro, México, 1722) known by officiate at the first Mass celebrated in Texas, for contributing to the founding of San Antonio and for his exploration in this city.
Antonio de San Buenaventura y Olivares born in Moguer, Andalusia, Spain in 1630 and studied at the Franciscan convent of San Francisco de Moguer.
In 1665, at the age of thirty-five years, involved a passenger on a religious expedition to the Americas, along with 19 other religious. Once in Americas, in the Convent of Querétaro, he received the training he needed to engage with the natives, in their work of evangelization. It was from this monastery from which they departed the various expeditions that take place in Texas, since this was a strategically important place for the crown.
On January 1, 1699 Fray Antonio de Olivares founded in the valley of the Circumcision the missions of San Bernardo and San Francisco Solano in Texas.
In 1706 he was appointed guardian of the College of Santa Cruz de Querétaro, where he remained three years. In 1709, together with Fray Isidro de Espinosa, explored the territory where now the city of San Antonio. The same year he traveled to Spain to convince the authorities of the importance that had to maintain and establish new missions to the bank of the San Antonio River. Finally got the viceroyalty of New Spain's permission to found new missions. On May 1, 1718 Fray Antonio de Olivares founded the Alamo Mission in San Antonio, in the present city of San Antonio, Texas, establishing four days after the prison and the village with 400 people.

wn.com/Antonio_de_Olivares
Argentine American
Argentine Americans are citizens and residents of the United States whose origins are in the South American nation of Argentina.
The profile of the Argentine American population is generally similar to the overall U.S. population's. Among the key differences, however, is educational attainment. Argentine Americans exhibit a rate of 39.5% of holders of bachelor's, graduate, or professional degrees, contrasted with the 27.5% of the overall U.S. population. The difference is more marked among women: 40.2% for Argentine American females, and 26.7% for all U.S. females.
Another major difference is the fact that 69.1% of Argentine Americans are immigrants, which contrasts sharply with the 12.6% of the overall U.S. population.
Argentine Americans had a median household income of $55,044. Again, this is higher than the national figure, which was $50,740.
Some idea of their ancestral origins is supplied by the demographics of Argentina, which portray a nation that is as much of Italian as Spanish ancestry, but with significant German, British, French, Amerindian, Slavic, and Semitic components.

wn.com/Argentine_American
Armenian American
Armenian Americans (Armenian: Ամերիկահայեր Amerikahayer) are citizens of the United States of Armenian descent or origin. Their number is estimated to be up to 1,400,000. The 2010 American Community Survey one-year estimates indicated 474,559 Americans with full or partial Armenian ancestry.
The largest concentration of Armenian-Americans is in the Greater Los Angeles area, where 166,498 people have identified themselves as Armenian during the US 2000 Census, which was about 43.2% of the total number (385,488) of people with Armenian origin in the United States in 2000.
The first Armenian known to have immigrated to America was Martin the Armenian. He arrived in Jamestown, Virginia, in 1618, when the colony was only eleven years old. A few other Armenians are recorded as having come to the United States in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries, but they mostly came as individuals and did not form a community. A number of Armenians were known to have served for the side of the Union during the Civil War. Three Armenian doctors, Simeon Minasian, Garabed Galstian, and Baronig Matevosian, worked at military hospitals in Philadelphia. The only Armenian known to have participated in hostilities was Khachadour Paul Garabedian, who enlisted in the Union Navy. A naturalized citizen who hailed from Rodosto, Garabedian served aboard the blockade ships USS Geranium and USS Grand Gulf as a Third Assistant Engineer (and later attained officer rank) from 1864 until his honorable discharge from the Navy in August 1865.

wn.com/Armenian_American
Arturo Alvarez
José Arturo Alvarez Hernandez (born June 28, 1985 in Houston, Texas) is a left-footed, American-born Salvadoran footballer who currently plays for F.C. Paços de Ferreira.
Alvarez did not play college soccer; instead, he joined the MLS in 2003, signing a Project-40 contract, and was selected thirteenth overall in the 2003 MLS SuperDraft by the San Jose Earthquakes. In his first year, Alvarez scored his first MLS goal on June 14, 2003, against FC Dallas but would go on to get limited playing time. However, the 'Quakes traded him to Dallas before the 2005 season in a deal that included Richard Mulrooney and Brad Davis.
During the 2007 MLS Cup Playoffs, in the second leg of FC Dallas' Conference semifinal match with the Houston Dynamo, Alvarez was sent off for "violent conduct" after he kneed Brad Davis in the groin while out of bounds in the forty-seventh minute. Dallas went on to lose the tie 4–1, and the match 4–2 on aggregate.
In November 2007 Alvarez had a one week trial with French club Bordeaux, but did not sign with them.

wn.com/Arturo_Alvarez
Austrian American
Austrian Americans are Americans of Austrian descent. According to the 2000 US census, there are 735,128, or 0.3% Americans of full or partial Austrian descent. The states with the largest Austrian American populations are New York (93,083), California (84,959), Pennsylvania (58,002) (most of them in the Lehigh Valley), Florida (54,214) and New Jersey (45,154). This is probably a severe undercount, as many German Americans have ancestors from Austria, the Austrian Empire or the Austro-Hungarian Empire. Before World War I, by which time a large percentage of Germans had immigrated to the United States, Austrians were mistaken as German people, largely because of their shared cultural-linguistic origin.^{[dubious – discuss]}
Before World War II, Austrian migration to United States was difficult to be determined, because Austria as an independent country was established in 1918, being until this moment, a multicultural Empire. The first documented German speaking Austrian settlers in the United States were 50 families of Protestants from Salzburg who, fleeing from religious persecution, arrived at the colony of Georgia in 1734^{[citation needed]}. However, after this initial wave of settlers, Austrian immigration was low during the first half of the nineteenth century. During this period, fewer than 1,000 Austrians emigrated to the United States.

wn.com/Austrian_American
Azerbaijani American
Azerbaijani Americans (Azerbaijani: Amerikalı azərbaycanlılar), or Azeri-Americans, are United States citizens and permanent residents of ethnic Azerbaijani background, or those who were born in Azerbaijan. Most Azerbaijani-Americans have immigrated to the United States from Azerbaijan, Iran,Russia or Turkey.
The earliest identified immigrant from Azerbaijan to the United States was Merza Ali Akbar, resident of Baku who arrived at Ellis Island on the RMS Mauretania in June 1912.
The first major wave of Azerbaijanis came to the U.S. in 1940s and 1950s, as many Azerbaijani émigrés and POWs left parts of Europe during and after World War II. Among those were also a number of expatriates, who fled to Turkey, Iran or parts of Europe upon the Soviet occupation of Azerbaijan in 1920, and in 1950s and 1960s, moved to the United States in pursuit of better economic opportunities. This wave of Azerbaijani immigrants settled mainly in New York City and vicinities, which hosts the largest population of Azerbaijani-Americans, in Northern New Jersey and Massachusetts; and later in Florida, Texas and California, especially in Los Angeles area. In 1957, a group of these Azerbaijani settlers in New Jersey founded the Azerbaijan Society of America, a first Azerbaijani-American community organization. By 1980 there were around 200 families that identified themselves as Azerbaijani in the United States, with about 80% of them being endogamic. In 1976, Houston and Baku established the first sister-city association between the cities in the U.S. and Azerbaijan. It was followed with a sister city between Honolulu, Hawaii and Baku in 1988, Newark, New Jersey and Ganja (second largest city in Azerbaijan) in the early 2000s (decade), and Monterey, California and Lankaran in 2011.

wn.com/Azerbaijani_American
Basque American
Basque Americans (Basque: Amerikanuak) are citizens of the United States who are of Basque ancestry. According to the 2000 US census, there are 57,793 Americans of full or partial Basque descent. Of them, 41,811 people claimed be, simply Basque American, 9,296 claimed be originating from Spanish Basque Country and the others 6,686 claimed be originating of French Basque Country. The states with the largest Basque-American populations are California (20,868), Idaho (6,637), Nevada (6,096), Washington (2,665) and Oregon (2,627).
Referring to the historical ties that existed between the Basque Country and the United States, some authors stress the admiration felt by John Adams, second president of the US, for the Basques' historical form of government. Adams, who on his tour of Europe visited Biscay, was impressed. He cited the Basques as an example in A defense of the Constitution of the United States, as he wrote in 1786:
"In a research like this, after those people in Europe who have had the skill, courage, and fortune, to preserve a voice in the government, Biscay, in Spain, ought by no means to be omitted. While their neighbours have long since resigned all their pretensions into the hands of kings and priests, this extraordinary people have preserved their ancient language, genius, laws, government, and manners, without innovation, longer than any other nation of Europe. Of Celtic extraction, they once inhabited some of the finest parts of the ancient Boetica; but their love of liberty, and unconquerable aversion to a foreign servitude, made them retire, when invaded and overpowered in their ancient feats, into these mountainous countries, called by the ancients Cantabria…"

wn.com/Basque_American
Belarusian American
Belarusian Americans (Belarusian: Беларусы ЗША) are Americans whose ancestors where born in the territory of Belarus.

wn.com/Belarusian_American
Belgian American
Belgian Americans are citizens of the United States who are of Belgian ancestry, although "Belgian" is not considered an ethnic term (Flemings and Walloons are the two largest ethnic groups in Belgium). There were no Belgians anywhere in the world prior to 1830, the year of the de jure establishment of Belgium (although the name "Belgium" was already used previously to distinguish the Southern Netherlands from the Netherlands). Prior to 1830, immigrants from the region that is now officially Belgium, identified themselves as either Dutch or French Americans; hence, tracing family roots to a place in Belgium does not make one a Belgian American, per se.
In the 17th century there were colonists from Southern Netherlands (currently Belgium) in some of the old British Thirteen Colonies of North America. Settlements already existed in New York (in Wallabout, Long Island, and Staten Island), and in New Jersey (Hoboken, Jersey City, Pavonia, Communipaw, and Wallkill), that are knew by the first settlers in New York and in the Middle States. In fact, the place names of are derived from the name the Walloons immigrants who settled there, as well as from the Dutch version of Walloon words used to describe a locale. Also there are Southern Netherlands colonies in Connecticut, Delaware, and Pennsylvania, established primarily by Walloons, many of whom came to the United States in ships of the Dutch West India Company, founded this, by the William Usselinx Flemish.

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Belizean American
Belizeans are people originating in the Central American nation of Belize whether they live there or in the Belizean diaspora.
About 1 out of every 3 Belizeans now live overseas and outside of Belize; the majority have migrated to Anglophone countries, especially the United States, where there are some 175,000 Belizeans, and the United Kingdom, with around 3,000 Belizeans. Smaller numbers now live in Canada.
Kriols and other ethnic groups are emigrating mostly to the United States, but also to the United Kingdom and other developed nations for better opportunities. Based on the latest U.S. Census, the number of Belizeans in the United States is approximately 175,000 (including 70,000 legal residents and naturalised citizens), consisting mainly of Kriols and Garinagu.
Demographics of Belize

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Bobby Pulido
Roberto Pulido Jr. (born April 25, 1971), better known as Bobby Pulido, is a Mexican-American Tejano music performer who was born in Edinburg, Texas.
Pulido's father, Roberto Pulido Sr., is an accomplished singer. Bobby often attended his father's concerts as a child. His sister is fellow singer Alma Pulido. Bobby attended Edinburg High School and was a drum major and also was part of the Edinburg High School Mariachi group. He was very talented even in his early years. Bobby is the pride of Edinburg for many young people who can only dream of making it in the music business. While attending St. Mary's University of San Antonio, Texas he joined the Kappa Sigma Fraternity but left his studies to pursue his singing career. He got married on August 21, 1996 to his old sweetheart from high school. He now has 2 boys Darian Pulido and Remy Pulido
Bobby Pulido has launched a new line of clothing for men and women, called Bobby Pulido Coleccion Vaquera it is now available in Mexico, soon to be released in the United States.

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Bolivian American
Bolivian American is a compound term that applies to American citizens of Bolivian origin. Racially, Bolivian Americans are identified as Indigenous, European (mostly Spanish, German, or Croatian), Afro Bolivian, or a combination of any or all three races in varying degrees of admixture. Furthermore, there are Bolivian Americans of Japanese descent, albeit, in small numbers.
Bolivian immigration into the United States occurred in two significant phases. The first phase occurred during and subsequent to the 1952 National Revolution (between 1952 and the latter 1960s). Most of these immigrants consisted of middle- to upper-middle income occupational professionals or political dissidents, and identify with Bolivia's White or Criollo (mixed White) society.
The second notable phase of Bolivian immigration (between 1980 and 1988) was a result of Bolivia's fiscal policies in the 1970s which gave way to the hyperinflation throughout most of the 1980s. Most of these immigrants consisted of lower-income Mestizo and Indigenous Bolivians obtaining work posts as service and manual laborers.

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Bosnian American
Bosnian Americans are Americans whose ancestry can be traced to Bosnia and Herzegovina. A large majority of Bosnian Americans emigrated to the United States during and after the Bosnian war which lasted from 1992-1995. History of Bosnian arrivals to the United States, however, dates back to as far as the 1860s and 1870s. While official census reports from the 2000 Census indicate that there are 98,766 Bosnian-Americans in the United States, it is estimated that today there are some 350,000 Bosnian-Americans of full or partial Bosnian descent living in the country.
The Bosnian Community in the USA has a long and distinguished history dating back more than one hundred years. One of the first Bosnian arrivals to any country in the New World was to the United States, and is estimated to have been around the 1860s. According to Embassy estimates there are some 350,000 people of Bosnian origin living in the United States. The traditional centers of residence and culture for people from Bosnia and Herzegovina are situated on the East Coast (Atlanta, Jacksonville, New York and Nashville), in Mid-West (St. Louis, Chicago and Detroit) and on the West Coast. Bosnians live in all 50 states.

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Brazilian American
Brazilian Americans are Americans of Brazilian origin. There were an estimated 351,914 Brazilian Americans as of 2008, according to the United States Census Bureau. Another source gives an estimate of some 800,000 Brazilians living in the U.S. in 2000, while still another estimates that as of 2008^[update] some 1,100,000 Brazilians live in the United States, 300,000 of them in Florida.
The official United States Census category of Hispanic or Latino is limited explicitly to people of "Spanish culture or origin", and therefore does not include Brazilian Americans.

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British American
British Americans are citizens of the United States whose ancestry originates wholly or partly in the United Kingdom (England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland). The term is seldom used by people to refer to themselves (1,172,050 chose it in the 2009 American Community Survey) and is used primarily as a demographic or historical research term. In the modern age, it can refer to British people who live and work in the United States (some of whom become American citizens), and Americans who do the same in the United Kingdom.
According to American Community Survey in 2009 data, Americans reporting British ancestry made up an estimated (40,234,652) or 13.0% of the total U.S. population, and form the third largest European ancestry group after German Americans and Irish Americans. This is an approx 35% drop from the population figures derived from the 1980 United States Census.
However, demographers regard this as an undercount as the index of inconsistency is high, and many, if not most, people from English stock have a tendency to identify simply as Americans or, if of mixed European ancestry, nominate a more recent and differentiated ethnic group. Consequently, many well-established white Americans have at least some British ancestry^{[citation needed]}, including many who identify primarily with other ethnic groups (such as Irish, German, Scandinavian, and so forth).

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Bulgarian Americans
Bulgarian Americans are citizens of the United States with Bulgarian heritage. For the 2000 US Census, 55,489 Americans indicated Bulgarian as their first ancestry, while 92,841 persons declared to have Bulgarian ancestry. Those can include Bulgarian Americans living in the United States for one or several generations, dual Bulgarian American citizens, or any other Bulgarian Americans who consider themselves to be affiliated to both cultures or countries. Some Bulgarian Americans might be born in Bulgaria, the United States or other countries with ethnic Bulgarian population. Because some Bulgarians are not American citizens, others are dual citizens, and still others' ancestors have come to the US several generations ago, some of these people consider themselves to be simply Americans, Bulgarians, Bulgarians living in the United States or American Bulgarians.
After 2000 US census, in the recent years the population grew significantly — according to the general assessments of Bulgarian diplomatic representations in the US for 2010, there are 250,000 Bulgarians residing in the country, and more than 30,000 students.

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Cajun
Cajuns ( /ˈkeɪdʒən/; French: les Cadiens or les Acadiens, [le kadjɛ̃, lez‿akadjɛ̃]) are an ethnic group mainly living in the U.S. state of Louisiana, consisting of the descendants of Acadian exiles (French-speakers from Acadia in what are now the Canadian Maritimes). Today, the Cajuns make up a significant portion of south Louisiana's population, and have exerted an enormous impact on the state's culture.
While Lower Louisiana had been settled by French colonists since the late 18th century, the Cajuns trace their roots to the influx of Acadian settlers after the Great Expulsion from their homeland during the French and Indian War (1754 to 1763). The Acadia region to which modern Cajuns trace their origin consisted largely of what are now Nova Scotia and the other Maritime provinces, plus parts of eastern Quebec and northern Maine. Since their establishment in Louisiana the Cajuns have developed their own dialect, Cajun French, and developed a vibrant culture including folkways, music, and cuisine.

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Californio
Californio (historic and regional Spanish for "Californian") is a term used to identify a Spanish-speaking, mostly Roman Catholic people, or of Latin American descent, regardless of race, born in California before 1848. The much larger population of indigenous peoples of California were not Californios because they did not speak Spanish and/or were not Catholic. Neither were the significant numbers of non-Spanish speaking California-born children of resident foreigners (primarily U.S. and British).
The military, religious and civil components of pre-1848 California society were embodied in the thinly populated presidios, missions, pueblos and ranchos. Until they were secularized in the 1830s, the twenty-one Spanish Missions of California, with their thousands of more or less captive native converts, controlled the most (about 1,000,000 acres (4,000 km²) per Mission) and best land, had large numbers of workers, grew the most crops and had the most sheep, cattle and horses. After secularization, most of the Mission lands were divided up into new ranchos and granted to Mexican citizens (including many Californios) resident in California.

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Canarian people
The Canarians are an ethnic group living in the archipelago of the Canary Islands (an autonomous community of Spain), near the coast of Western Africa. The variety of the Spanish language spoken in the region is the Habla Canaria (Canary speech) or the Dialecto Canario (Canarian dialect), a distinctive dialect of Spanish spoken in the islands.
The islands were conquered by mostly Andalusians and some Castilians at the beginnings of the 15th century. In 1402, they began to subdue the native Guanche population and the Guanches were initially enslaved and gradually absorbed by the Spanish colonizers.
After subsequent settlement by Spaniards and other European peoples, mainly Portuguese, the remaining Guanches were gradually diluted by the settlers and their culture largely vanished. Alonso Fernández de Lugo, conqueror of Tenerife and La Palma, oversaw extensive immigration to these islands during a short period from the late 1490s to the 1520s from mainland Europe, and immigrants included Galicians, Castilians, Portuguese, Italians, Catalans, Basques, and Flemings. At subsequent judicial enquiries, Fernández de Lugo was accused of favoring Genoese and Portuguese immigrants over Castilians.

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Catalan American
Catalan Americans are citizens or residents of the United States who acknowledge ethnic Catalan ancestry and self-identify with it. The group is formed by Catalan-born naturalized citizens or residents, their descendants and, to a lesser extent, citizens or residents of Catalan descent who still acknowledge Catalan ancestry.
The Catalan or Catalonian ancestry is identified with the code 204 in the 2000 U.S. Census, with the name Catalonian, which is in the group 200-299 HISPANIC CATEGORIES (INCLUDING SPAIN). A total of 1,738 individuals who received the long-form Census questionnaire (which is given to 1 in 6 households) self-identified as Catalan Americans. In the same survey 1,660 people aged 5 or older indicated being able to speak the Catalan language, also with the name Catalonian. Because the long-form is a 1-in-6 sample of the population, that figure puts the estimate of Catalan speakers in the U.S. for the year 2000 at around 10,000 people. However 8.067 people born in the autonomous community of Catalonia live nowadays in the USA.

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Chicano
The terms Chicano/Chicana (also spelled Xicano/Xicana) are used as reference to U.S. citizens of Mexican descent. However, those terms have a wide range of meanings in various parts of the world. The term began to be widely used during the Chicano Movement, mainly among Mexican Americans, especially in the movement's peak in the late 1960s and early 1970s. For Mexicans, "Chicano" meant "poorest of the poor" but during the Civil Rights movement, they used the word to unite themselves.
The origin of the word "chicano" is disputed. Some critics claim it is a shorterned form of "Mexicano" ("Mexican" in Spanish). The word "Mexico" as spoken in its original Nahuatl, and by the Spaniards at the time of the conquest, was pronounced originally with a "sh" sound ("Mesh-ee-co"), as opposed to current pronunciation, and was transcribed with an "x" as was the usage in Spanish at the time. The difference between the pronunciation and spelling of "chicano" and "mexicano" stems from the fact that the modern-day Spanish language experienced a change in pronunciation regarding a majority of words containing the "x" (for example: México, Ximenez, Xavier, Xarabe). The "sh" sound was dropped^{[clarification needed]} and in most, but not all, cases accompanied by a change of spelling ("x" to "j"). The word "Chicano" in the US was evidently not affected by this change.

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Chilean American
Chilean Americans are United States citizens or residents of Chilean origin. They numbered 126,810 in 2010.
In 2000, close to 14,000 lived in the states of Florida and California, while around 16,330 lived in the states of New York, New Jersey, Connecticut and other New England states combined.
Most Chilean immigration to the U.S. has occurred largely within the last 25 years. For the most part, Chileans left as either political asylees and refugees during the dictatorship of Augusto Pinochet, or for economic reasons. Also, there have been others that have emigrated to seek higher education and career development opportunities.
There are two major reasons why many Chileans have come to the United States during the last 25 years. The first group, small in number, emigrated because of the political repression of the Pinochet regime. Many of these immigrants are of middle or upper class origin. A significant proportion of them arrived with advanced educations and well-developed skills. They had contacts with other Chilean exiles and a sense of identity from their shared commitment to a democratic Chile. After a period of adjustment, many of them were able to pursue skilled jobs or professions. Unfortunately, others, who lacked skills or whose professional certifications were not recognized in the United States, were forced to take low-level jobs in which they were unable to use their skills. Some had been politically active students or union leaders in Chile who did not enter the United States with easily transferable skills.

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Chingo Bling
Pedro Herrera III (born September 5, 1979 in Houston, Texas), better known by his stage name Chingo Bling, is an American rapper and producer of Mexican descent. Chingo earned a scholarship to attend the Peddie School in Hightstown, New Jersey, part of an effort by his parents to keep him away from the corrupting influences of the urban environment.
In early 2006, Chingo Bling made headlines when he drew the attention of major record labels eager to sign him because of his unique lyrical abilities, notably Bad Boy Latino, Thizz Latin Records, Universal Records, Asylum (owned by Warner Music Group), Capitol Records, and Atlantic Records. On April 1, 2006, he made the announcement on Chicano Radio Network that he has signed a distribution deal with Asylum Records. While he still maintains his independent status from the label, his distribution deal will manage to give him major financial backing for his upcoming projects.
Chingo Bling had been criticized for the title of his second album They Can't Deport Us All. He was interviewed on CW39 News and said his family tamale truck has been shot at, vandalized and eventually on one occasion stolen. He also stated he has been receiving extreme racist threats from many Latinos, but still does not wish to change his album's title. Chingo also alleges that he was refused the opportunity to appear at a scheduled in-store album signing at a Dallas shopping mall as a direct result of the controversy surrounding his clothing and album name. He also asserts that he is the target of numerous Conservative journalists and right wing bloggers who criticize him because of his music and marketing concepts related to immigration.

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Cholo
Cholo (Spanish pronunciation: [ˈtʃolo]) is an ethnic slur created by Hispanic criollos in the 16th century, and it has been applied to individuals of mixed or pure American Indian ancestry, or other racially mixed origin. The precise usage of "cholo" has varied widely in different times and places. In modern American usage, it most often applies to a low-income Mexican-American sub-culture and manner of dress.
The term's use is first recorded in a Peruvian book published in 1609 and 1616, the Comentarios Reales de los Incas by Inca Garcilaso de la Vega. He writes (in Spanish) "The child of a Black male and an Indian female, or of an Indian male and Black female, they call mulato and mulata. The children of these they call cholo. Cholo is a word from the Windward Islands; it means dog, not of the purebred variety, but of very disreputable origin; and the Spaniards use it for insult and vituperation".
In Colonial Mexico, the terms cholo and coyote co-existed, indicating mixed Mestizo and Amerindian ancestry. Under the casta system of colonial Latin America, cholo originally applied to the children resulting from the union of a Mestizo and an Amerindian; that is, someone of three quarters Amerindian and one quarter Spanish ancestry. Other terms (mestizo, castizo, etc.) were used to denote other ratios of smaller or greater Spanish-to-Amerindian ancestry.

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Chris Pérez
Christopher Gilbert "Chris" Pérez (born August 14, 1969) is a American guitarist and the widower of "The Queen of Tejano music" Selena. He is currently a guitarist for his band, Chris Pérez Project. Prior to that, Pérez was the lead guitarist for his wife's band Selena y Los Dinos from 1989 to 1995 and A.B. Quintanilla III y Los Kumbia Kings from 2003 to 2006.^{[citation needed]}
Chris Pérez was born to Gilbert Pérez and Carmen Cadena and grew up in San Antonio, Texas.
Pérez met Selena in 1988. The Quintanilla family hired him to play in Selena's band and the pair fell in love. Abraham Quintanilla Jr., Selena's father and manager, did not approve of their relationship at first and eventually fired Pérez from the band. He rejoined Selena y Los Dinos after he and Selena were married on April 2, 1992 in Nueces County, Texas, when she was 20. On March 31, 1995, Selena was shot and killed by Yolanda Saldivar, leaving Chris as a widower.
At the 2000 Grammy Awards his eponymously titled group, Chris Pérez Band, won a Grammy Award for Best Latin Rock/Alternative Album for their album Resurrection. In this album Pérez dedicated the song, "Best I Can", to his wife, Selena. In 2002, Chris Pérez Band made their final album called Una Noche Más.

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Colombian American
Colombian Americans are citizens of the United States who trace their nationality or heritage from the South American nation of Colombia. They are the largest South American ethnic group in the United States.
The first Colombians inmigrants that settled in the United States arrived, probably, in the nineteenth century. However, the Colombian presence in United States would not be known with certainty since the federal census did not specify the country of origin for South Americans until 1960. These immigrants did not maintain any relation with their native countries, just until a few generations after, they identify themselves only as Americans.
The first Colombian community formed after World War I, through the arrival of several hundred professionals (nurses, accountants, laboratory technicians, pharmacists, and bilingual secretaries) that established to New York City; more late, were added to community the students who decided stay on after earning their degrees. Most immigrants settled in Jackson Heights, a middle-class neighborhood in Queens, that have good houses, school and churches. The growth of neighborhood was slow until 1940, when increase the Colombian immigration to New York.

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Cornish American
Cornish Americans are citizens of the United States who describe themselves as having Cornish ancestry. Cornish ancestry is not recognised on the United States Census, although the Cornish people are recognised as a separate ethnic group and national identity for the United Kingdom Census. There are estimated to be close to 2 million people of Cornish descent in the US.
Tangier Island is an island in lower Chesapeake Bay in Virginia: some inhabitants have a Cornish accent that traces back to the Cornish settlers who arrived there in 1686.
The coinciding of the decline of the mining industry in Cornwall in the 19th century and the discovery of large amounts of mineral deposits abroad meant that Cornish families headed overseas for work. Each decade between 1861 and 1901, a fifth of the entire Cornish male population migrated abroad – three times the average for England and Wales. In total, the county lost over a quarter of a million people between 1841 and 1901.
Large numbers of Cornish people moved to the United States, and while some stayed in New York City and other East Coast ports after arriving, many moved inland to mining areas in California, Wisconsin, Pennsylvania and Michigan. One such area was Mineral Point, Wisconsin, in which the largest group of immigrants were Cornish miners attracted to the lead mining opportunities, and by 1845 roughly half of the town's population had Cornish ancestry. Today the Cornish town of Redruth is twinned with Mineral Point.

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Costa Rican American
A Costa Rican American is an inhabitant of the United States who is of Costa Rican descent or birth.
The American Community Survey estimated the population of Costa Rican Americans to be 117,563 in 2007.
There have never been waves of migration from Costa Rica to the United States, and the Immigration and Naturalization Service records indicate that very few Costa Ricans have tried to enter the country so illegally. This is because, unlike other Hispanic groups, they have not been forced to emigrate to the U.S. for political oppression or extreme economic circumstances. Most Costa Ricans living in the United States have moved here following marriage to an American, or following work opportunities in the United States.
Since 1931 only 57,661 Costa Ricans have immigrated to the United States. Hence, the number of Costa Rican emigrants has been increasing very slowly. This is very different from the pattern of emigration from most other Central American countries. In fact, the other two countries in this region that have a continuously slow rate of emigration are Belize and Panama.

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Cuban American
A Cuban American (Spanish: Cubano estadounidense) is a United States citizen who traces his or her "national origin" to Cuba. Cuban Americans are also considered native born Americans with Cuban ancestry or Cuban-born persons who were raised and educated in US. Cuban Americans form the third-largest Hispanic group in the United States and also the largest group of Hispanics of European ancestry (predominantly Spanish) as a percentage but not in numbers.
Many communities throughout the United States have significant Cuban American populations. However Miami, Florida, with a Cuban American population of 856,007 in its environs, stands out as the most prominent Cuban American community, in part because of its proximity to Cuba. It is followed by the Tampa Bay Area and North Hudson, New Jersey, particularly Union City and West New York. With a population of 141,250, the New York metropolitan area's Cuban community is the largest Cuban-American community outside of Florida.
Prior to the Louisiana Purchase and the Adams-Onís Treaty of 1819, all of Florida and Louisiana were provinces of the Captaincy General of Cuba (Captain General being the Spanish title equivalent to the British colonial Governor). Consequently, Cuban immigration to the U.S. has a long history, beginning in the Spanish colonial period in 1565 when St. Augustine, Florida was established by Pedro Menéndez de Avilés, and hundreds of Spanish-Cuban soldiers and their families moved from Cuba to St. Augustine to establish a new life. Thousands of Cuban settlers also immigrated to Louisiana between 1778 and 1802 and Texas during the period of Spanish rule.^{[citation needed]}

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Cypriot American
A Cypriot American is a citizen of the United States of America of Cypriot heritage or descent. The majority of Cypriot Americans, alongside English, speak either Cypriot Greek, Cypriot Turkish, Cypriot Arabic, or Armenian. In general, Greek-Cypriot Americans are members of the Eastern Orthodox Church of Cyprus, whilst Turkish-Cypriot Americans are Sunni Muslims, and Arabic-speaking Cypriot Americans are Maronites.
Despite their rural origins, Cypriot immigrants settled mainly in large urban centres, with New York City habouring the largest community. The state of New York is home to the highest number of Cypriot Americans (approximately 2,587), followed by New Jersey and Florida.
As Cyprus is situated in Western Asia, Cypriot Americans are usually classified as Middle Eastern Americans.
Cyprus reports that there was emigration to the United States as early as the 1930s, but there is no available data before 1955. The earliest Greek immigrants arrived in 1768 and settled at New Smyrna near Saint Augustine, Florida, in a colony of 450 Greeks. Turkish American immigration is not well documented. It is assumed that the Greek Cypriots who came to the United States between 1820 and 1860 were fleeing religious or political persecution.

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Czech American
Czech Americans (Czech: Čechoameričané) are citizens of the United States who were born in, or who descended from, the territory of the historic Czech lands, (consisting of Bohemia, Moravia and Silesia), or succession states, now known as the Czech Republic (however, the descendants of German-speakers from these lands might choose to identity themselves as German Americans). In the 19th century, they were frequently called Bohemians. According to the 2000 US census, there are 1,262,527 Americans of full or partial Czech descent, in addition to 441,403 persons listing their ancestry as Czechoslovak.
The first documented case of the entry of Czechs to the North American shores is of Joachim Gans of Prague, who came to Roanoke, North Carolina in 1585 with an expedition of explorers organized by Sir Walter Raleigh (1552–1618).
Augustine Herman (1621–1686) was the first documented Czech settler. He was a surveyor and skilled draftsman, successful planter and developer of new lands, a shrewd and enterprising merchant, a bold politician and effective diplomat, fluent in several languages. After coming to New Amsterdam (present New York) he became one of the most influential people in the Dutch Province which led to his appointment to the Council of Nine to advise the New Amsterdam Governor Peter Stuyvesant. One of his greatest achievements was his celebrated map of Maryland and Virginia commissioned by Lord Baltimore on which he began working in earnest after removing to the English Province of Maryland. Lord Baltimore - Cæcilius Calvert, 2nd Baron Baltimore - was so pleased with the map that he rewarded Herman with a large estate, named by Herman "Bohemia Manor", and the hereditary title Lord.

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Danish American
Danish Americans (Danish: Dansk-amerikanere) are Americans of Danish descent. There are approximately 1,500,000 Americans of Danish origin or descent. Most Danish-Americans live in the Western United States or the Midwestern United States.
The first Dane known to have arrived in North America was the explorer Vitus Jonassen Bering (1681–1741), who, in 1728, discovered a narrow body of water that separated North America and Asia. Today, this strait is named the Bering Sea in his honor. Bering was also the first European to arrive in Alaska in 1741. In 1666 the Danish West India Company took the island of St. Thomas in the Caribbean. Eventually, Danes also took the islands of St. John (1717) and St. Croix (1733), then exporting after African slaves to the islands, who were devoted to snuff, cotton and sugar. Thus, began to establish trade with New England. Later, in 1917, they sold the islands to the United States, and they were renamed "U.S. Virgin Islands."

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Devendra Banhart
Devendra Obi Banhart (born May 30, 1981) is a singer-songwriter and visual artist. Banhart was born in Houston, Texas and was raised by his mother in Venezuela, until he moved to California as a teenager. He began to study at the San Francisco Art Institute in 1998, but dropped out to perform music in Europe, San Francisco and Los Angeles. Banhart released his debut album in 2002, continuing to record his material on the Young God and XL labels, as well as other work on compilations and collaborations.
Banhart was born May 30, 1981 in Houston, Texas to a Venezuelan mother and an American father. His given name is a synonym for Indra, the Hindu god of rain and thunder, which was suggested by Prem Rawat, an Indian religious leader whom Banhart's parents followed. Banhart's middle name Obi was modeled after the Star Wars character. Banhart's parents divorced two years after his birth and he moved with his mother to Caracas, Venezuela. His mother later remarried and Banhart's stepfather moved the family to Los Angeles, California, when Banhart was 14 years old.

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Diana López
Diana López (born January 7, 1984 in Houston, Texas) is an Olympic Taekwondo competitor from the USA. She represented the USA at the 2008 Olympics, where she won a bronze medal. She has two older brothers who are also Olympians: Steven and Mark. In 2005 Diana and her brothers made history by becoming the first three siblings, in any sport, to win World titles at the same event, when they did so at the 2005 World Taekwondo Championships in Madrid, Spain.
She graduated from Kempner High School in 2002, and is a student at the University of Houston as of at least February 2008. Her family is originally from Nicaragua.

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DJ Kane
Jason Cano (born June 8, 1975 in Houston, Texas) better known as DJ Kane is a Mexican American singer who was the lead vocalist for the Latin Grammy award winning A.B. Quintanilla Y Los Kumbia Kings from 1997 to 2003, and went on to become a successful solo artist.
Jason "DJ Kane" Cano was discovered by Latin artist A.B. Quintanilla III who made Cano the lead vocalist of Los Kumbia Kings. This original lineup released six successful albums and sold an estimated five million units in total before disbanding. They had major hits with "Shhh!", "Boom Boom", "No Tengo Dinero" and "Desde Que No Estás Aquí" which were sung by DJ Kane.
DJ Kane was one of the original members along with Frankie J to leave Los Kumbia Kings for a solo career, and signed a contract with EMI to record and form his own group. With help from veteran musicians Roland Gutierrez and Mariano Harerra, he put together a super group with musicians from famous backgrounds and a high power show which would leave audiences shocked. In 2004, he released his self titled first album DJ Kane which went to number 8 on the Billboard charts with hits including "La Negra Tomasa" and "Mía", also earning two Latin Grammy nominations for Best Urban Album and Producer of the Year.

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Dominican American
A Dominican American is any American who has origins in the Dominican Republic.. Although their emigration began in the nineteenth century, waves of migration of Dominicans in the United States emerged in the 60's especially, after the fall of the Trujillo regime. In 2010, there were approximately 1.71 million people of Dominican descent in the US, inclusive both native and foreign-born.

Immigration records of Dominicans in the United States date from the late 19th century, and New York City has had a Dominican community since the 1930s. From the 1960s onward, after the fall of the Rafael Trujillo military regime, large waves of migration have thoroughly transnationalized the Dominican Republic, metaphorically blurring its frontier with the United States. Thus, be created Dominican communities in New Jersey, the Miami area, Philadelphia, Providence, Rhode Island, and Boston, Massachusetts. Smaller waves of Dominicans have gone to the metropolitan areas of Chicago, Illinois; Washington, D.C.; Houston, Texas; Los Angeles, California; Portland, Oregon; Kansas City, Missouri; Orlando, Florida; Buffalo, New York; and New Orleans, Louisiana. The Dominican population has similar settlement patterns to that of the Puerto Rican population.

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Dutch American
A Dutch American is an American of Dutch descent.
Following the exploration of the American East Coast by Henry Hudson on behalf of the Dutch East India Company in 1609, Dutch settlement in the Americas started in 1613. From then on a number of villages, including New Amsterdam on the East Coast, which would become the future world metropolis of New York City, were established by Dutch immigrants. According to the 2000 United States Census, more than 5 million Americans claim total or partial Dutch heritage Today the majority of the Dutch Americans live in Michigan, California, Montana, Minnesota, New York, Wisconsin, Idaho, Utah, Iowa, Ohio, West Virginia, and Pennsylvania.
Because of huge losses of trade ships on their long routes circumnavigating the African Cape, the so-called "spice trade" with the Dutch East Indies was very dangerous and of high risk for sailors, and for investors providing resources to commission and equip a vessel, and provide trade goods. The individual traders that had bid against each other for over a century thus realised that greater profit and a better distribution of the risk could be attained by joining forces, which led to the world's first corporate, publicly traded multinational firm, the VOC, founded in 1602. This took away the biggest financial risk, but the long and dangerous voyage remained. To reduce this risk as well, many explorers sought a northern passage, not knowing of its then-impossibility due to ice blockage. Returning, however, from another failed expedition to find a northern route to the Pacific Ocean, the first Dutch vessel arrived at what is now New York Harbor.

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Ecuadorian American
An Ecuadorian American is any person in the United States who is of Ecuadorian ancestry. Ecuadorian Americans can be Mestizo, White, Afro-Ecuadorian, Indigenous, Mulato, or Zambo. Many Ecuadorians are of Lebanese descent. There are also sizable populations of Ecuadorians of Italian, German, Chinese, and Japanese descent.

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Eddie Guerrero
Eduardo Gory "Eddie" Guerrero Llanes (October 9, 1967 – November 13, 2005) was a Mexican-American professional wrestler born into the Guerrero wrestling family. He wrestled in Mexico and Japan for several major professional wrestling promotions. In the United States, Guerrero wrestled in Extreme Championship Wrestling (ECW), World Championship Wrestling (WCW), and in World Wrestling Entertainment (WWE). Guerrero's gimmick was that of "Latino Heat", a crafty, resourceful wrestler who would do anything to win a match. His catchphrase became "I Lie! I Cheat! I Steal!," which was used in one of his entrance themes. Guerrero partly used this phrase in his autobiography Cheating Death, Stealing Life.
Despite being a villain for most of his career, he got over in and outside the ring being the youngest, yet most popular and successful of the Guerrero brothers. Guerrero was widely regarded as one of the most respected and gifted technical wrestlers in history. Throughout his career, Guerrero encountered various substance abuse problems outside of wrestling, including alcoholism and an addiction to painkillers. His real-life problems were sometimes integrated into his storylines. Notwithstanding these issues, Guerrero won 23 titles during his career, including the WWE Grand Slam Championship.

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Efren Saldivar
Efren Saldivar (born September 30, 1969) is an American serial killer who murdered patients while working as a respiratory therapist.
Born in Brownsville, Texas, he graduated from the College of Medical and Dental Careers in North Hollywood, California in 1988. He obtained work as a respiratory therapist employed by the Glendale Adventist Medical Center, working the night shift when there were fewer staff on duty.
He killed his patients by injecting a paralytic drug which led to respiratory and/or cardiac arrest. These drugs could have included Morphine and Suxamethonium chloride as they were found in his locker with fresh and used syringes.Pancuronium (brand name Pavulon) definitely was used in six murders; this drug is used to stop a patient's respiration when they are about to be put on a medical ventilator. He was careful in the selection of his victims, choosing those who were unconscious and close to death. This led to no easily detectable rise in the rate or distribution of patient deaths when he was on duty. This in turn hampered the investigation, as there were no easily discernable correlations between changes in the distribution or rate of deaths and his shift pattern (a commonly used tool in examining whether malpractice is taking place).

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Elsa Salazar Cade
Elsa Salazar Cade (born 1952) is an award-winning Mexican American science teacher and entomologist.
Elsa received her undergraduate degree in elementary education at the University of Texas at Austin and her master's in public school administration at Niagara University. She is certified for New York State as a school district administrator.
A long time amateur entomologist, with her husband, William H. Cade, she discovered the first case of a parasite using the sexual signal of a host in order to locate and parasitize the host. She also was selected as one of the top ten science teachers in 1995 by the National Science Teachers Association.
The Cades have done over 30 years of research on the Texas field cricket, Gryllus texensis.
This research has covered the behavior of the field cricket at different densities and under parasitic pressure from the red eyed fly Ormia. She has helped develop a hands-on instructional program for middle school teachers through support from the National Science Foundation at the University at Buffalo. Elsa used to sit on the board of Science Alberta, a not-for-profit foundation committed to science education and awareness. She also sat for many years on the Fifth on Fifth Youth Foundation. She and her husband have now returned to San Antonio. Dr. Bill Cade and his wife Elsa received a Generosity of Spirit Award from the Association of Fundraising Professionals, Calgary at a National Philanthropy Day in Nov. 2010 in Calgary. Elsa Cade, under the name TexMex, spurred the blogosphere to focus on ShelterBox and their urgent need to send shelter and life-saving equipment to Haiti. The blog raised $130,000 to help 1,300 disaster survivors in just a matter of days in March 2010.

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English American
English Americans (occasionally known as Anglo-Americans, although this may have a wider linguistic meaning) are citizens of the United States whose ancestry originates wholly or partly in England.
According to American Community Survey in 2010 data, Americans reporting English ancestry made up an estimated 9.0% of the total U.S. population, and form the third largest European ancestry group after German Americans and Irish Americans. However, demographers regard this as an undercount, as the index of inconsistency is high, and many, if not most, people from English stock have a tendency to identify simply as Americans or, if of mixed European ancestry, nominate a more recent and differentiated ethnic group. Throughout the nineteenth century, England was the largest investor in American land development, railroads, mining, cattle ranching, and heavy industry. Perhaps because English settlers gained easy acceptance, they founded few organizations dedicated to preserving the traditions of their homeland.

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Erasmo Seguín
Juan Jose Maria Erasmo Seguín (May 26, 1782 – October 30, 1857) was a prominent citizen and politician in San Antonio de Bexar (modern-day San Antonio, Texas) in the 19th century. From 1807 until 1835, Seguín served as head postmaster of San Antonio, Texas. After Mexico achieved independence from Spain, Seguín was named the sole representative from Texas to the constitutional convention. He helped to draft the Constitution of 1824 and was a major influence in the addition of a general colonization provision. Seguín assisted Stephen F. Austin in choosing land for the first colony of American settlers to immigrate to Texas. He later supported the Texas Revolution, providing political as well as material support.
Juan Jose Maria Erasmo Seguín was born on May 26, 1782, to a family of French and Spanish descent in San Antonio de Bexar (now San Antonio, Texas). His paternal grandfather, Bartolomá Seguín, had moved to Spanish Texas from the Mexican interior soon after the founding of the town in 1718. Seguín's parents, Santiago Seguín and Maria Guadalupe Fuentes, had seven children; Erasmo was the third.

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Estonian American
The Estonian Americans (Estonian: Ameerika eestlased) are citizens or residents of the United States who are of Estonian ancestry, mainly descendants of people who left Estonia before and especially during World War II. According to the 2000 US census, there were over 25,000 Americans of full or partial Estonian descent, down from 26,762 in 1990.

Estonians first started coming to the United States in the late 19th century, and continued until the mid-20th century. The beginnings of industrialization and commercial agriculture in the Russian Empire transformed Estonian farmers into migrants. The pressures of industrialization drove numerous Estonian peasants to emigrate to the United States continuing until the outbreak of World War I. In 1944, in the face of the country being re-occupied by the Red Army, 80,000 people fled from Estonia by sea to Germany and Sweden, becoming war refugees and later, expatriates. Some thousand of them moved on from there and settled in the United States. After the war's end, these displaced persons were allowed to immigrate to the United States and to apply for American citizenship. Some of these refugees and their descendants started returning to Estonia at the end of the 1980s.

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European American
A European American (also known as a Euro-American) is a citizen or resident of the United States who has origins in any of the original peoples of Europe. This includes people via African, North American, Caribbean, Central American or South American and Oceanian nations which have a large European diaspora.
The Spanish were the first Europeans to establish a continuous presence in what is now the United States.Martín de Argüelles born 1566, San Agustín, La Florida, was the first known person of European descent born in what is now the United States. Twenty-one years later, Virginia Dare, born in 1587 on Roanoke Island in present-day North Carolina, was the first child born in the Thirteen Colonies to English parents.
In 2009, German Americans (16.5%), Irish Americans (11.9%), English Americans (9.0%) and Italian Americans (6.4%) were the four largest self-reported ancestry groups in the United States forming 43.8% of the total population.British Americans (English, Welsh, Northern Irish and Scottish) are estimated to be up to (20%) or (60,000,000) of the United States population.

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Eva Longoria
Eva Jacqueline Longoria (born March 15, 1975) is an American actress, best known for portraying Gabrielle Solis on the ABC television series Desperate Housewives. Longoria received a nomination for the 2006 Golden Globe Award for Best Actress in a Comedy Series for her performance on Desperate Housewives.
Longoria first rose to fame on television for portraying Isabella Braña on the CBS soap opera The Young and the Restless from 2001 to 2003. She became nationally recognized in the 2000s after appearing in several high-profile advertising campaigns and numerous men's magazines, reaching #14 in the FHM "Sexiest Women 2008" poll, and having appeared on the cover of various international women's magazines including Vogue, Marie Claire and Harper's Bazaar. Longoria has also starred in films such as Harsh Times (2005), The Sentinel (2006) and Over Her Dead Body (2008).
Eva Jacqueline Longoria was born in Corpus Christi, Nueces County, Texas, the youngest of four daughters born to Mexican-Americans Enrique Longoria, Jr. and Ella Eva Mireles. She was raised Roman Catholic. The Longoria family originated in Spain and has resided in Texas since before the creation of the United States, predating the English-speaking settlers.

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Federico Peña
Federico Fabian Peña (born March 15, 1947) is a former United States Secretary of Transportation from 1993 to 1997 and United States Secretary of Energy from 1997 to 1998, during the presidency of Bill Clinton.
Born in Laredo, Texas, Peña earned a B.A. (1969) and a J.D. (1972) from the University of Texas at Austin and The University of Texas School of Law, respectively. Moving to Colorado, where he became a practicing attorney, Peña was elected to the Colorado House of Representatives as a Democrat in 1979, where he rose to become Minority Leader. In 1983, Peña defeated a 14-year incumbent, William H. McNichols, Jr. to become the first Hispanic Mayor of Denver, a post to which he was re-elected in 1987.

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Finnish American
Finnish Americans are Americans of Finnish descent, who currently number about 700,000.
Some Finns, like the ancestors of John Morton, came to the Swedish colony of New Sweden, that existed in mid-17th century.
Finns first started coming to the United States in large numbers in the late 19th century, and continued until the mid 20th century. However, there were some Finns in the United States beforehand; in particular, they were instrumental in the development of the New Sweden colony on the Delaware River, later absorbed into New Netherland. Many townships were established by Finnish Americans, including Herman, located in Baraga County, Michigan. The town is named for Herman Keranen, of Ylivieska, Finland. A significant number of Finnish immigrants also settled in northern Minnesota, especially in the Arrowhead Region, along with portions of Aitkin, Crow Wing, and Carlton counties, often working in the region's iron mines. A number of the Finns fleeing the Russification efforts also emigrated to many of the mill towns of New England where they became known for their woodworking skills.

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Flaco Jiménez
Leonardo "Flaco" Jiménez (born March 11, 1939) is a Tejano music accordionist from San Antonio, Texas.
Jiménez's father, Santiago Jiménez Sr. was a pioneer of conjunto music. He began performing with his father at age seven and recording at age fifteen, as a member of Los Caporales. He played in the San Antonio area for several years, and then began working with Douglas Sahm in the 1960s. Sahm, better known as the founding member of the Sir Douglas Quintet, played with Jiménez for some time. Flaco then went on to New York City and worked with Dr. John, David Lindley, Peter Rowan, Ry Cooder and Bob Dylan. He appeared on Cooder's world music album Chicken Skin Music and on the Rolling Stones' Voodoo Lounge. This led to greater awareness of his music outside America and, after touring Europe with Ry Cooder, he returned to tour with his own band, and on a joint bill with Peter Rowan. Flaco, Peter Rowan and Wally Drogos were the original members of a band called The Free Mexican Airforce.
Jiménez won a Grammy Award in 1986 for "Ay Te Dejo en San Antonio", a song of his father. He was also a member of the supergroup Texas Tornados, with Augie Meyers, Doug Sahm and Freddy Fender. ' The Texas Tornados earned a Grammy Award in 1990, and Jiménez earned one on his own in 1996, when his Flaco Jiménez won the Grammy Award for Best Mexican-American Performance. In 1999, Flaco earned another Grammy Award for Best Tejano Performance (Said and Done, Barb Wire Records), and one for Best Mexican-American Performance as a part of supergroup Los Super Seven. Jiménez has also won a Best Video award at the Tejano Music Awards and earned a Lifetime Achievement Award from Billboard Latin Magazine for "Streets of Bakersfield" with Dwight Yoakam and Buck Owens.

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Freddy Fender
Freddy Fender (June 4, 1937 – October 14, 2006), born Baldemar Garza Huerta in San Benito, Texas, United States, was a Mexican-American Tejano, country and rock and roll musician, known for his work as a solo artist and in the groups Los Super Seven and the Texas Tornados. He is best known for his 1975 hits "Before the Next Teardrop Falls" and the subsequent remake of his own "Wasted Days and Wasted Nights".
Born to Mexican-immigrant Serapio Huerta and his Texas-born wife Margarita Garza, Fender made his first radio appearance at age 10 on Harlingen's KGBS-AM radio station KGBT, when he sang a current hit, "Paloma Querida".
In January 1954, at age 16, Fender quit school, and when he turned 17 he enlisted for three years in the United States Marine Corps. However, he was court-martialed in August 1956 and was discharged with rank of Private (E-1). He returned to Texas and played nightclubs, bars and honky-tonks throughout the south, mostly to Latino audiences. In 1957, then known as El Bebop Kid, he released two songs to moderate success in Mexico and South America: Spanish-language versions of Elvis Presley's "Don't Be Cruel" (as "No Seas Cruel") and Harry Belafonte's "Jamaica Farewell." He also recorded his own Spanish version of Hank Williams's "Cold Cold Heart" under the title "Tu Frio Corazon".

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French American
French Americans or Franco-Americans are Americans of French or French Canadian descent. About 11.8 million U.S. residents are of this descent, and about 2.0 million speak French and French Creole at home. While Americans of French descent make up a substantial percentage of the American population, French Americans arguably are less visible than other similarly sized ethnic groups. This is due in part to the tendency of French American groups to identify more strongly with "New World" regional identities such as Acadian, Cajun, or Louisiana Creole. This has inhibited the development of a wider French American identity. The majority of Americans of French and French Canadian descent are descendants of those who first settled in Canada in the 17th century (known as New France at the time), which later became the Province of Quebec in 1763, Lower Canada in 1791, and a Canadian province of Quebec after Canadian Confederation in 1867. The majority of Americans of French descent, mostly resident in New England and the Midwest, are descendants of the Quebec Diaspora and the first Canadiens, while a few are of Acadian descent from the Canadian Maritime provinces. Immigration to the United States from France was much lower than from other parts of Europe, such as Ireland, Great Britain, Germany, Scandinavia, Italy, or Poland.

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Frisian American
A Frisian American is an inhabitant of the United States with full or partial Frisian ancestry.
Frisians a Germanic ethnic group native to the coastal parts of the Netherlands and Germany. They are closely related to the Dutch and the English. They have their own Frisian languages divided by geographical regions. The Old Frisian language was once the Germanic language closest to English, though outside influences (from Dutch on Frisian and from French or English) have made both languages grow ever farther apart as time went by.
Today there exists a tripartite division of the original Frisians; namely the North Frisians, East Frisians and West Frisian, caused by the Frisia's constant loss of territory in the Middle Ages, but the West Frisians in the general do not feel or see themselves as part of a larger group of Frisians, and, according to a 1970 inquiry, identify themselves more with the Dutch than with East or North Frisians. Therefore the moniker 'Frisian' is (when used for the speakers of all three Frisian language) a linguistic (and to some extent, cultural) concept, not a political one.

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Georgian American
Georgian Americans are citizens of the United States who are of Georgian ancestry. The precise number of Georgian Americans is unknown because during their main stage of immigration – the early 20th century - Georgians were mistakenly thought to be Russian as it was only recently that Georgia was freed from the Russian Empire and its successor, the Soviet Union.
The earliest recorded Georgians are thought to have come to the United States as performers. One group came in 1890 as part of a troupe of Cossack horsemen hired by Buffalo Bill Cody and his Wild Congress of Rough Riders. The number of Georgians coming to the U.S. saw an increase after the political upheavals following the Russian Revolution when the Georgian nobility and intellectuals, including those residing in other parts of the Russian Empire, fled the country. A second wave of immigration of Georgians to the U.S. followed the Red Army invasion of Georgia when the remaining nobility and members of the intellectual class fled the country fearing deportation and imminent death in Russian Siberia.

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German American
German Americans are citizens of the United States of German ancestry and comprise about 50 million people, or 17% of the U.S. population, the country's largest self-reported ancestral group.California, Texas and Pennsylvania have the largest numbers of German origin, although upper Midwestern states, including Ohio, Iowa, Minnesota, Wisconsin, Nebraska, and the Dakotas, have the highest proportion of German Americans at over one-third.
None of the historical German states had overseas colonies, so not until the 1680s did the first significant groups of German immigrants arrive in the British colonies, settling primarily in New York and Pennsylvania. Immigration continued in very large numbers during the 19th century, with some eight million arrivals from Germany. They were pulled by the attractions of land and religious freedom, and pushed out of Europe by shortages of land and religious or political oppression. Many arrived seeking religious or political freedom, others for economic opportunities greater than those in Europe, and others simply for the chance to start fresh in the New World. The arrivals before 1850 were mostly farmers who sought out the most productive land, where their intensive farming techniques would pay off. After 1840, many came to cities, where "Germania"—German-speaking districts—soon emerged.

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German Texan
German Texan is an ethnic category that includes residents of the state of Texas with German ancestry who identify with the term. This identification may include cultural agreements—German language, German cuisine, feasts, music, hard work, frugality, and close family ties. From their first immigration to Texas in the 1830s, the Germans tended to cluster in ethnic enclaves. A majority settled in a broad, fragmented belt across the south central part of the state, especially in the Texas Hill Country.
A large portion of the early settlers were Forty-eighters, who dispersed into areas of Central Texas, where, after a period of activism during the 1850s, Civil War, and Reconstruction, they lived in relative obscurity as teachers, civil servants, merchants, farmers, and ranchers.
German Americans were the largest group of immigrants during the 19th century, outnumbering both English and Irish immigrants, making German Americans the largest ethnic group in the United States today.
The immigrants were as diverse as Germany itself, except that very few aristocrats or upper middle class businessmen arrived. For example, consider Texas, with about 20,000 German Texans in the 1850s:

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Greek American
Greek Americans (Greek: Ελληνοαμερικανοί, Ellinoamerikani) are Americans of Greek descent also described as Hellenic descent. According to the 2007 U.S. Census Bureau estimation, there were 1,380,088 people of Greek ancestry in the United States, while the State Department mentions that around 3,000,000 Americans claim to be of Greek descent. In addition, the 2000 census revealed that Greek was spoken at home by 365,436 people older than five. Greek Americans have a heavy concentration in the New York City metropolitan area,Chicago, Detroit, Boston, Baltimore, Dallas, and Cleveland. Tarpon Springs, Florida is also home to a large Greek American community and the highest concentration of Greek-Americans in the country (11%). The United States is home to the largest overseas Greek community, ahead of Cyprus and the United Kingdom, which despite having a Greek population of less than 1 million has a larger percentage of Greeks than the U.S.
The first Greek known to have been to what is now the United States was Don Theodoro, a sailor who landed on Florida with the Narváez expedition in 1528. He died during the expedition, as did most of his companions.

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Guatemalan American
A Guatemalan American is an American of Guatemalan descent.
The Guatemalan American population in the USA in 2009 was estimated by the US Census Bureau at 1,081,858 (+/-36,453). Guatemalans are the 2nd largest national subgroup of Central Americans in the USA (after Salvadorans).
Guatemalan-Americans tend to concentrate mainly in Greater Los Angeles, followed by the New York metropolitan area, Baltimore-Washington area, Greater Boston, and San Francisco Bay Area. Also Texas and Pennsylvania have very rapidly growing Guatemalan populations.
As of 2009, the largest Guatemalan communities were in the following metropolitan areas:
The states with the highest number of Guatemalans are as follows:

Guatemalans have emigrated to the USA since the 1930s and 1940s.^{[citation needed]} Along with other Central Americans such as Costa Ricans, they first arrived by way of Mexico and settled in urban areas like Chicago, Los Angeles, New Orleans, Houston, New York City and San Francisco.
The intensification of the Guatemalan Civil War during the 1970s and 1980s led to an influx of tens of thousands of Guatemalan refugees into the United States via Mexico, via both legal and illegal means. Guatemalan refugees became an important political and economic influence on seeking an end to the civil war, which finally came about in 1996. They also organized to change policies of the Mexican government in dealing with Guatemalan immigrants' legal status, their experience in Mexico, and difficulties of Guatemalans in Mexico immigrating to the US.

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Guyanese American
Guyanese Americans are citizens and residents of the United States who can trace their ancestry back to the South American nation of Guyana, or a Guyanese who emigrated to the United States but has American citizenship.
After the independence of Guyana from Great Britain, in 1966, Guyanese immigration to the United States increased dramatically. Political and economic uncertainty, and the internal strife two years earlier prompted many Guyanese who could make the move to seek opportunities abroad.
Many of the first Guyanese emigrants to the United States were of African descent. They were women who were recruited as domestic workers or nursing assistants. Prior to the Immigration and Nationality Act of 1965 Guyanese of Asian descent faced immigration restrictions because of US Immigration policy that was more pro-European. However, many Guyanese who had studied in the US in the mid 20th century or earlier stayed on the US; some, like Cheddi Jagan returned to Guyana. Shirley Chisholm's father represents one of the earliest of Guyanese immigrants to the US during the 20th century; emigration from Guyana at that time was mostly to Caribbean or Commonwealth countries.

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Haitian American
Haitian Americans are Americans of Haitian heritage, or Haitian-born people who are naturalized citizens or permanent residents of the United States. The largest proportion of Haitians live in South Florida counties and cities such as New York, Washington, D. C., Philadelphia, Chicago and Boston.
In 2009 the US Census estimated that there are 830,000 Haitian Americans living in the U.S. but many consider this number inaccurate due to the presence of illegal Haitian immigrants. During the early 1960s and the 1970s, many Haitians emigrated to the U.S. legally as well as illegally during the family dictatorships of François "Papa Doc" and Jean-Claude "Baby Doc" Duvalier.

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Henri Castro
Henri Castro (1786 – November 31^{[dubious – discuss]}, 1865), a Jewish Texan, was one of the most important empresarios of the Republic of Texas.
Castro, who was born in Bayonne, France, was a French diplomat of Portuguese-Jewish descent, and he would later become an American citizen. The hundreds of families he recruited for emigration to Texas came primarily from the Haut-Rhin region of Alsace, and they settled in the Medina River valley, just west of San Antonio. The city of Castroville on the Medina River is named for him, as is Castro County in the Texas Panhandle. Castro himself settled for a time in Castroville.
The Republic of Texas issued colonization land grants with individuals, conditional upon said individuals establishing settlements in a stated geographical area of Texas. The grants were limited to a given time period in which the colonization had to take place.
On February 15, 1842, Castro, in temporary partnership with Jean Jassaud, was issued two land grants by the Republic of Texas. The grants were for the colonization of 600 families (with an option to increase that number to 1000) in three years. The first 200 families had to be settled by August 15, 1843. One grant was approximately 600,000 acres, near what is now Starr County, along the Rio Grande. Castro would not be successful in fulfilling the colonization of this grant. The other grant totaled 1,250,000 acres, west of San Antonio and included the counties of Atascosa, Frio, La Salle, Medina and McMullen. This second grant would result in what came to be known as Castro's Colony.

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Honduran American
A Honduran American is an American of Honduran descent. The number of Hondurans in the U.S. in 2005 was estimated at 459,653 .
The first Hondurans came to United States in the late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries, in the 1820´s, while the continent part of Centroamerica be independence from Spain and be founded of the republic of Honduras. Since then, all periods of conflict has led to a Honduran emigration to the United States (as was the case with the 1956 succession dilemma) which, however, has been increasingly less numerous (until the 1980´s), migrating only several thousand persons from Honduras to the United States. Despite of that many Honduran Americans are migrant farm laborers, the most of the them, first be established in the largest cities, in which they had support networks by part of Honduran American communities. In the 1990´s the most of the Honduran American lived in New York City (with had 33,000 Honduran American), Los Angeles (with 24,000), and Miami (with 18,000).

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Hungarian American
Hungarian Americans (Hungarian: amerikai magyarok) are American citizens of Hungarian descent. The constant influx of Hungarian immigrants was marked by several waves of sharp increase.
Europeans have long settled in the New World, with Hungarian Americans such as Michael de Kovats, the founder of United States Cavalry, active in the American Revolution. Hungarians have maintained a constant state of immigration to the United States since then; however, they are best known for three principle waves of immigration.
Agoston Haraszthy, who settled in Wisconsin in 1840, was the first Hungarian to permanently settle in the United States and the second Hungarian to write a book about the United States in his native language. After he moved to California in 1849, Haraszthy founded the Buena Vista Vineyards in Sonoma (now Buena Vista Carneros) and imported more than 100,000 European wine cuttings for the use of California winemakers. He is widely remembered today as the "Father of California Viticulture" or the "Father of Modern Winemaking in California."

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Icelandic American
Icelandic Americans are Americans of Icelandic descent. Icelandic immigrants came to the United States primarily in the latter half of the 19th century and after World War II. There are more than 40,000 Icelandic Americans according to the 2000 U.S. census, and most live in the Upper Midwest.
Norsemen from Greenland and Iceland were the first Europeans to reach North America in what is today Newfoundland, Canada, when the Icelander Leif Ericson reached North America via Norse settlements in Greenland around the year 1000, nearly five centuries before Columbus. It is generally accepted that the Norse settlers in Greenland founded the settlement of L'Anse aux Meadows in Vinland, their name for what is now Newfoundland, Canada. Just how much they explored further past the Canadian Maritime Provinces in Canada has been a matter of debate for the past hundred years amongst romantic and ethnic nationalists as well as historians.
The first Icelandic settlers in North America arrived in Utah in 1855 seeking religious freedom to follow Mormonism. Eleven Mormon converts left Iceland for North America between 1854 and 1857. A few years later nine Icelanders settled in the town of Spanish Fork, Utah, along with other Scandinavians. For the next 20 years, small groups of Icelanders joined the settlement from time to time. Thorarinn Haflidason Thorason and Gudmund Gudmundsson, Icelandic apprentices who had converted to Mormonism in Denmark and travelled to America in the 1850s, were typical of Icelandic emigrants coming to Utah. Skilled artisans, trades-persons, or farmers, the Icelandic emigrants brought with them useful skills for the frontier, although it was some time before they could use those skills in gainful employment.

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Ignacio Zaragoza
Ignacio Zaragoza Seguín (March 24, 1829 – September 8, 1862) was a general in the Mexican army, best known for defeating invading French forces at the Battle of Puebla on May 5, 1862 (now celebrated in both the United States and Mexico as the Cinco de Mayo).
Zaragoza was born in the early Mexican Texas village of Bahía del Espíritu Santo (now Goliad, Texas, in the United States) in what was then a Mexican state. He was the son of Miguel G. Zaragoza and María de Jesús Seguín, who was a niece of Erasmo Seguín and cousin of Juan Seguín. The Zaragoza family moved to Matamoros, Tamaulipas, Mexico, in 1834 and thence to Monterrey, Mexico, in 1844, where young Ignacio entered a seminary.
During the political unrest of the 1850s, Zaragoza joined the army supporting the cause of the Liberal Party, in opposition to dictator Antonio López de Santa Anna. Zaragoza rose to command an army of volunteers that in 1855 defeated Santa Anna and led to the reestablishment of a constitutional democratic government in Mexico.

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Irish American
Irish Americans are citizens of the United States who can trace their ancestry to Ireland. A total of 36,278,332 Americans—estimated at 11.9% of the total population—reported Irish ancestry in the 2008 American Community Survey conducted by the U.S. Census Bureau. Roughly another 3.5 million (or about another 1.2% of Americans) identified more specifically with Scotch-Irish ancestry. The Irish diaspora population in the United States is roughly 6 times the modern population of Ireland.
The only self-reported ancestral group larger than Irish Americans is German Americans. The Irish are widely dispersed in terms of geography, and demographics. Irish American political leaders have played a major role in local and national politics since before the American Revolutionary War: eight Irish Americans signed the United States Declaration of Independence, and 22 American Presidents, from Andrew Jackson to Barack Obama, have been at least partly of Irish ancestry. (See "American Presidents with Irish ancestry" below.)

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Isleño American
The term Isleño American applied to a set of peoples from the southern United States that descended from Spanish settlers originating from the Canary Islands. They arrived there in the XVIII century and have preserved the culture of their ancestors. Although colloquially the term can also be used to refer to any Canarian person having the American citizenship and his descendants in the U.S. This term is different from the term "Isleños", which refers to people of Canarian descent in the set of American countries without distinction.
Some people in Isleño American communities still speak the Spanish language of their ancestors. In particular members of the Isleño community of Saint Bernard Parish, being geographically isolated, have managed to preserve his culture and, until recently, their Canarian dialect (currently spoken by only a few Isleños in that community and in the Isleño communities of the United States in general).
Isleño culture consists of combination of a Canarian folk tradition and material created by the themselves Isleño Americans, and includes songs, proverbs, riddles and stories. They fought in the American Revolution, defending the Alamo, the Civil War and both World Wars.

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Italian American
An Italian American (Italian: Italoamericano singular, Italian: Italoamericani plural), is an American of Italian ancestry. The designation may also refer to someone possessing Italian and American dual citizenship. Italian Americans are the fourth largest European ethnic group in the United States (not including American ethnicity, an ethnonym used by many in the United States; overall, Italian Americans rank seventh, behind German, Irish, African American, English, American and Mexican).
About 5.5 million Italians immigrated to the U.S. from 1820 to 2004. The greatest surge of immigration, which occurred in the period between 1880 and 1920, alone brought more than 4 million Italians to America. About 80% of the Italian immigrants came from Southern Italy, especially from Sicily, Campania, Abruzzo and Calabria. This was a largely agricultural and overpopulated region, where much of the populace had been impoverished by centuries of foreign misrule, and the economic measures imposed on the South after Italian unification in 1861 . After unification the Italian government initially encouraged emigration of landless peasants to relieve economic pressures in the South. In the U.S., most Italians began their new lives as unskilled, manual workers in Eastern cities, mining camps and in agriculture. Italian Americans gradually moved from the lower rungs of the economic scale in 1890-1910 to a level comparable to the national average by 1970. By 1990, more than 65% of Italian Americans were managerial, professional, or white-collar workers. The Italian-American communities have often been characterized by strong ties with family, the Catholic Church, fraternal organizations and political parties. Today, over 17.8 million Americans claim Italian ancestry.

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Jaci Velasquez
Jacquelyn "Jaci" Davette Velasquez (Spanish Jaci Velásquez, born October 15, 1979 in Houston, Texas) is an American Contemporary Christian and Latin pop singer—in both English and Spanish languages.
Velasquez has sold almost five million albums around the world, recorded three Platinum and three Gold albums, and recorded 16 singles that hit No. 1 plus six more that hit the top-10. She has received seven Dove Awards including Best New Artist and Female Vocalist of the Year. Velasquez has co-hosted a morning radio show since late 2010.
Velasquez was born in Houston, Texas. She is of Mexican, Spanish, French, Scottish, and Arab ancestry. At the age of nine, she began traveling with her father, who by that time was a full-time singing evangelist. She began by singing backup to her parents, then later sang solo. It was while on the road that she was discovered by a representative of Myrrh Records.
Velasquez released her national debut album Heavenly Place in 1996 and five of the songs on that CD became No. 1 hits (she had two previous independent records). The album was later certified Platinum. Velasquez has been distinguished as the fastest selling solo debut recording artist in her genre and the first solo artist in Christian music history to reach gold status with a debut album, prior to release of second project. She has since released six more English-language albums, two of which were certified Gold. She has produced sixteen No. 1 Christian radio hits and six other top-10 singles, and has won seven Dove awards, including New Artist of the Year and two Female Vocalist of the Year wins. Jaci has covered over 50 magazines as well as been a spokes-model for Pepsi, Target, Doritos, John Freida's Frizz-Ease hair products and Helzberg Diamonds.

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Jacob De Cordova
Jacob De Cordova, (1808 Spanish Town, Jamaica -1868), was the founder of the Jamaica Gleaner. He settled in Texas in 1839 and lived in Galveston. After living in Galveston, De Cordova moved to Houston, Texas where he was elected a Texas House of Representatives to the second Texas Legislature in the year 1847. [1]
Jacob Raphael de Cordova, Texas land agent and colonizer, was born in Spanish Town (near Kingston), Jamaica, on June 6, 1808, the youngest of three sons of Judith and Raphael de Cordova. Since his mother died at his birth, he was reared by an aunt in England. He was well educated and became proficient in English, French, Spanish, German, and Hebrew. In 1834 Jacob moved back to Kingston, where he and his brother Joshua started a newspaper, the Kingston Daily Gleaner, which is still published today. In early 1836 Jacob went to New Orleans, where he shipped cargoes of staples to Texas during its struggle for independence. At this time he served a term as Grand Master of the Odd Fellows. After the Battle of San Jacinto he visited the Republic of Texas to install members in the Odd Fellows lodges, the first established outside the United States.

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Jade Esteban Estrada
Jade Esteban Estrada (born September 17, 1975 at Lackland Air Force Base in San Antonio, Texas) is a successful Latin pop singer, comedian, choreographer, actor, political commentator, and human rights activist. Out Magazine called him "the first gay Latin star."
Born to now-divorced parents David Gonzales Estrada and Aurora Sanchez Estrada, Jade Esteban Estrada has four siblings: Celeste, David, Olga and Sara. As a young boy, he participated in extra-curricular school activities and sang in the school choir, where he first noticed that his talent captivated audiences. Through the encouragement of his choir instructor he began to take voice lessons and eventually traveled to New York where he worked as an assistant to Tony award-winning actress Zoe Caldwell.
Estrada appeared in the German production of Starlight Express and also worked as a dancer for Seventeen Magazine. After two popular appearances as a transgender singer/dancer on NBC's The Jerry Springer Show, he won the attention of Latin TV personality Charo and worked as her chief choreographer and lead dancer. He gained international recognition in 1998 when he released his first Latin pop single, "Reggae Twist" on the Brooklyn-based Total Envision Records label. He later turned his attention to solo theatre and stand-up comedy.

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Jennifer Peña
Jennifer Marcella Peña (born September 17, 1983 in San Antonio, Texas), is an American Latin Pop/Tejano singer and actress who has sold over 3.5 million records internationally. Peña is the third and youngest daughter of Jaime and Mary Peña with other siblings Janet and Jackie. Peña is of Mexican descent native to the state of Texas raised in Corpus Christi, Texas.
Peña first achieved notoriety after performing at the Astrodome in Houston, Texas during a Selena tribute concert in 1995 while under management with Q Productions and Abraham Quintanilla II, who was Selena's father and former manager. This was Peña's first public performance on a grand scale performing Bidi Bidi Bom Bom, a #1 song for the late Latin superstar Selena. Peña's first studio album Dulzura released in May 1996 as part of Jennifer y Los Jetz was produced by Abraham Quintanilla III and introduced her to the music scene officially at the age of 12 with the title track and "Ven a mí" (a Spanish-language cover of The Drifters' "Dance with Me") garnered her a loyal fanbase. The album sold quite well in the Latin market, certified gold and winning several Tejano Music Awards. At the time Tejano Music was in its prime and Jennifer was another staple act in the scene. Her introduction was both praised and criticized mainly in part due the artistic similarities between Selena and she. The comparisons came and went, but Jennifer managed to continue winning over fans. The year 1997 saw the release of her second album, Jennifer Y Los Jetz , with the singles "Tu Castigo" and "Yo Te Vi", being promoted and drawing the same level of success Dulzura had achieved winning another gold certification.

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Jesse Borrego
Jesse Borrego (born August 1, 1962 in San Antonio) is an American actor. Better known for playing Cruz Candelaria in Blood in, Blood out and later guest starring as George King in Dexter. Borrego, a Mexican American, was born in San Antonio, Texas. He considered going into the US Air Force to become a pilot. After graduating from Harlandale High School, he studied theatre and dance at University of the Incarnate Word and acting at The California Institute of the Arts from which he earned a degree in Performance in 1984. About the same time, he attended an open audition for the TV Series Fame where he won the role of "Jesse Velasquez", a role he would play from 1984 until 1987.
He appeared on Married with Children as Bruno in the episode "Can't Dance, Don't Ask Me" (1989).
Borrego returned to the stage appearing in productions at the noted Joseph Papp Theatre in New York City and the Mark Taper Forum in Los Angeles. In addition to performing on stage and in films such as Follow Me Home, New York Stories, Con Air or as Cruz Candelaria in Bound by Honor (also known as Blood in, Blood out), he began Lupita Productions in 1990. He has produced theatrical productions and concerts as well as two 16mm short films: El Suendo de Simon [1] (1993) by James Borrego and Flattime (1995) by Jimmy Santiago Baca. He also played role of an original gangster on DarkRoom Familia's "Veteranos" in 1999. Borrego is a member of the theatre group "Tribal Players". He is well known for his third season guest role in 24 as Gael Ortega. In 2010 Borrego appeared in the movie La Mission.

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John Quiñones
Juan Manuel "John" Quiñones is an ABC News correspondent, and currently the host of Primetime: What Would You Do?.
John Quiñones was born in San Antonio, Texas on May 23, 1952. Despite being a fifth-generation San Antonian and a seventh-generation American, Quiñones grew up in a Spanish-speaking household and didn't learn English until he started school at age 6. Determined to overcome Hispanic stereotypes, he decided to attend college. After graduating from Brackenridge High School, Quiñones joined an Upward Bound program out of St. Mary's University, a federal TRIO program preparing him for college. After graduating from St. Mary's with a bachelor's degree in Speech Communication, Quiñones earned his master's degree from Columbia University's School of Journalism.
Quiñones served as a radio news editor at KTRH in Houston, Texas from 1975 to 1978 and also worked as an anchor-reporter for KPRC-TV. He later reported for WBBM-TV in Chicago. In 1982, Quiñones started as a general assignment correspondent with ABC News based in Miami. Currently, he is a co-anchor of the ABC News program, Primetime. He also reports for all ABC News programs such as 20/20, Good Morning America, World News with Diane Sawyer and Nightline.

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José de Urrutia
José de Urrutia (ca. 1678 to 1741) was a Spanish explorer and settler of Texas, who became captain of San Antonio de Béjar Presidio and long lived with the natives of East Texas.
José de Urrutia was born in Guipuzcoa, Basque Country, Spain around 1678. Due to their participation in the Domingo Teran de los Rios expedition, he and his brother, Toribio, settled in Texas sometime before 1691. During this time, Urrutia lived in the barracks that were built near the Neches River. Many of the soldiers who were exploring with Domingo Teran de los Rios pulled out of Texas in the winter of 1693, due the increasing hostility of the Tejas Indians.
Shortly after, José de Urrutia had an accident on the San Marcos River, (scholars now believe it was actually the Colorado River or the Christmas River). Due to his injury, he was forced to stay with the Native Americans in the region. However, he was not alone, as three soldiers chose to stay with him. Urrutia lived with the Kanohatinos, Xarames and Tohos trbies for seven years and established important links with these natives. He quickly earned the respect of these tribes by learning their languages and customs. In fact, he became "captain" of all nations hostile to the Apaches, and he conducted further extensive wars against the Apache Nation. In 1696, he returned to New Spain. There, he held a prominent position with the Spanish government military. In 1700, after the founding of Mission San Juan Bautista, he decided to resume his explorations in Texas.

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José Francisco Ruiz
José Francisco "Francis" Ruiz (ca. January 28, 1783 - January 19, 1840) was a Texas revolutionary
Ruiz was born in San Antonio de Bexar, Texas to Juan Manuel Ruiz and María Manuela de la Peña. Appointed the first schoolmaster of San Antonio in 1803, he designated a house acquired by his father on Military Plaza as the first school. This house was carefully reconstructed in 1943 and moved to the grounds of the Witte Museum where it is still used for educational purposes. In 1805 Ruiz became a city councilman, or regidor, in San Antonio and served various official capacities including city attorney, or procurador.
Ruiz began a long military career in 1811, joining the Bexar Provincial Militia with the rank of lieutenant. He joined the Republican Army at Bexar and took part in failed revolution from Spain in 1813, fighting at the battle of Medina on August 18. Forced into exile from Texas until 1822, Ruiz returned after Mexico won its independence from Spain. He was ordered by the Mexican government to make attempts at peace with the hostile Native American tribes of the North, the Comanches and the Lipans. Appointed to the Mounted Militia upon his return, he successfully led a peace treaty delegation of Lipans to Mexico City later in 1822. The next year, Ruiz received a promotion to army captain, unassigned, with the rank of lieutenant colonel, receiving confirmation of his commission in 1825. He was sent to Nacogdoches in December 1826 to help put down the Fredonian Rebellion, receiving command of that detachment in April of the next year.

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Juan Leal
Juan Leal Goraz (called also "Juan Leal Gonzal", 1676–1742 or 1743) was the first Mayor of San Antonio, Texas. His family settled by order of the Spanish crown in San Antonio in 1731, together with other Spanish families from the Canary Island for populate this region. He had become the most important member of the community in his early years in San Antonio, already that he became the leader and spokesman of the new settlers. Juan Leal ruled San Antonio between 1731 and 1732, and regained power in 1735.

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Juan Moya
Juan Moya (1806–1874), was a prominent landowner Tejano and Mexican army´s captain who fought in the Texas Revolution.
John Moya was born about 1806 in the Presidio La Bahia (Goliad), Texas. His father was José Miguel Delgado and he had two brothers, one of which was Pedro Moya Nepomuceno. His family was descended from first Isleños settlers who, originating from the Canary Islands, settled in San Antonio de Béjar in 1731. Juan Moya was the great-grandson of mayor and judge -on the distribution of public lands-, Simon de Arocha. Since 1795 his family owned land in San Patricio County. On November 26, 1831, The Moya family had a large extension of land in the colony McGloin McMullen, (although this already had a house in this place since 1800). Despite this, the family lived at the ranch in Buena Vista. Later, on November 30, 1834, Juan Moya had an important piece of land in Bee County. The family also bought a large ranch in Bee County (which was known at the time as Rancho Moya), renamed later as the John Quincy Rancho (acquired later by JM O'Brien. Between 1835 and 1836, during the Texas Revolution, Captain Moya joined the Mexican Army to fight for the union of Mexico and Texas, near the Mexican centralist. The Rancho Moya was used as headquarters by General Martin Perfecto de Cos and as a camp by General Vicente Filisola, following the withdrawal from Mexico. Ten years later, around 1846, Juan Moya, his wife and seven children decided to settle in Victoria County. During the land title disputes arising from the Texas Revolution, Moya's family returned to the counties of Goliad, where they were the lands of San Patricio. Moya and two of his sons, Antonio and Marcel, were accused of having murdered the Swift family, who lived near his house, so they were imprisoned on June 8, 1874 after a group of Texans lynched to family. The Moya family cemetery is near Berclair Goliad County, in the land of Juan Delgado.

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Juan Seguín
Juan Nepomuceno Seguín (October 27, 1806 – August 27, 1890) was a 19th-century Texas Senator, Mayor, Judge, and Justice of the Peace and a prominent participant in the Texas Revolution.
Juan Seguín was born in San Antonio de Bexar on October 27, 1806. He was the older of two sons of Erasmo Seguín and María Josefa Becerra. As the son of a postmaster, he would assist his mother in the business, while his father was off writing the 1824 Constitution of Mexico. In 1825, he married María Gertrudis Flores de Abrego. They had ten children. He was elected an alderman in December, 1828 and served on numerous electoral boards before becoming the San Antonio alcalde (mayor) in December 1833. He then served as political chief of Bexar in 1834, when the previous chief became ill. In 1835, he led a relief force to Monclova, when Federalist Governor Agustín Viesca appealed for help.
As a teenager in Mexico, he had a strong interest in politics. When, Antonio López de Santa Anna repealed the Mexican Constitution of 1824, he was very critical of his contemporary Mexican leader and gladly joined the Texas Revolution to rid Texas of Santa Anna's rule. In 1835-1836, Seguin recruited and commanded troops for the Texian Army. He was commissioned a captain by Stephen F. Austin in October 1835 and would be tasked with the burden of supplying the Texan troops with food and provisions. Juan sent out scouting parties to the Missions of San Antonio in search of a suitable base camp for the Texans and participated in the early successful Battle of Concepcion and the 2 month long, Siege of Bexar, that drove the troops of Santa Anna out of Texas.

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La Mafia
La Mafia is a four-time Grammy Award-winning musical group. It has its roots in the Northside neighborhood of Houston, Texas and has charted a course as a Latin music band.
La Mafia was founded in 1980 in Houston, TX. Vocalist Oscar De La Rosa & producer/keyboardist/accordionist Armando Lichtenberger Jr. created an original style that survived various changes in the music industry. The band consists of Tim Ruiz on bass, David de la Garza on keyboards and background vocals, Joe Gonzales on drums and Viktor Pacheco on Guitar in 2007. The band has won 2 Grammys & 2 Latin Grammys was nominated in 2009 for a Latin Grammy for the album Eternamente Romanticos.
La Mafia, seeking to expand their musical horizons, began touring extensively in Mexico and Latin America beginning in the late 1980s. The practice of Mexican-American artists performing in Mexico on a large scale was unheard of before La Mafia. Back home, La Mafia has performed in front of three record-setting crowds at the Houston Livestock Show and Rodeo at the Houston Astrodome.

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Latvian American
Latvian Americans are citizens of the United States who are of Latvian ancestry. According to the 2000 US census, there are 87,564 Americans of full or partial Latvian descent. The states with the largest Latvian-American populations are:

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Laura Harring
Laura Harring (born Laura Elena Herring Martínez; March 3, 1964) is a Mexican-American actress and former Miss USA (1985). She is known for her role as Rita in Mulholland Drive.
She was born in Los Mochis, Sinaloa, Mexico. Her mother, María Elena Cairo, is a spiritual teacher, real estate investor, and secretary. Her father, Raymond Herring, was a developer and organic farmer of Austrian-German descent. The two divorced in 1971. Harring lived the first ten years of her life in Mexico, before her family relocated to San Antonio, Texas. Caught by stray fire from a driveby shooting at age 12, Harring suffered a head wound from a .45 bullet. At age 16, she convinced her family to let her study in Switzerland at Aiglon College. She eventually returned to America, settling down in El Paso, Texas and entered the world of beauty pageants. She won the title of Miss El Paso USA, and soon after, Miss Texas USA.
Harring spent the next year traveling through Asia, exploring Europe and working as a social worker in India.^{[citation needed]} In 1987, she married Count Carl-Eduard von Bismarck-Schönhausen, great-great-grandson of Otto von Bismarck. While she retains the title of Countess von Bismarck-Schönhausen, the couple divorced in 1989.^{[citation needed]} Harring studied theatre at the London Academy of Performing Arts and is skilled in the Italian style of Commedia dell'arte, as well as Latin dances, including the Argentine Tango.^{[citation needed]}

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Lee Trevino
Lee Buck Trevino (born December 1, 1939) is a Mexican American professional golfer. He is an icon for Mexican Americans, and is often referred to as "The Merry Mex" and "Supermex". He won six major championships over the course of his career.
Trevino was born in Dallas, Texas into a family of Mexican ancestry. He was raised by his mother, Juanita Trevino, and his grandfather, Joe Trevino, a gravedigger. Trevino never knew his father, Joseph Trevino, who left when his son was small. Trevino's childhood consisted of attending school occasionally and working to earn money for the family. At age five, he started working in the cotton fields.
Trevino was introduced to golf when his uncle gave him a few golf balls and an old golf club. He then spent his free time sneaking into nearby country clubs to practice, and began as a caddy at the Dallas Athletic Club. He soon began caddying full-time. Trevino had to leave school at 14 to go to work. He earned $30 a week as a caddy and a shoeshiner. He was also able to practice golf, since the caddies had three short holes behind their shack. After work, he would hit at least 300 balls. Trevino has claimed to have earned extra money by challenging competitors to rounds of golf where he used only a shovel and taped-up 32-ounce glass Dr. Pepper bottle.

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Linda Arsenio
Linda Arsenio (born June 20, 1978) is an American actress and model from Texas. She has predominantly appeared in Indian films in various languages. She is probably best known for her performance as Jessica Beckham in the 2006 Hindi film Kabul Express.
Arsenio was born on Galveston Island, Texas, USA, the daughter of a Salvadoran mother and a Yugoslavian father. She has two sisters and one brother, who reside in Texas.
She studied at the Actors’ Conservatory in Dallas for 2 years, graduating with a Degree in Acting from there and continued her studies in acting in New York. Having already experience with theatre and musicals, she went on to do professional theatre in Texas and later in New York, which then led her to working in feature films.
She made her acting debut in an English independent film, called The Process of Creative Deception, before stepping into the Indian film industry. She has acted in Tamil and Telugu movies. The Tamil movies are Sachein and Thotti Jaya in which she has item numbers, and she also plays a cameo in Kana Kandaen. The Telugu movie she has acted in is Bhadra, she has a forthcoming movie called Twinkle Twinkle Little Star.

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Lithuanian American
Lithuanian Americans are citizens of the United States who are of Lithuanian ancestry. According to the United States Census, there are 712,165 Americans of full or partial Lithuanian descent. New Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, has the largest percentage of Lithuanian Americans (20.8%) in the United States.
Large numbers of Lithuanians first came to the United States in 1867-1868 after a famine in Lithuania. (Lithuania at that time still formed part of the Russian Empire: Saint Petersburg had annexed the Lithuanian lands piece by piece between 1772 and 1795 in the partitions of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth between Prussia, (later part of Germany), the Austrian-based Habsburg Monarchy and Czarist Russia, which ceased to exist in 1917-1918. Lithuania became independent again in 1918.) The beginnings of industrialization and commercial agriculture in the Russian Empire as well as a population boom that exhausted available land transformed Lithuanian peasant-farmers, once considered^{[by whom?]} an immovable fixture of the land, into migrant-laborers. The pressures of industrialization drove numerous Lithuanian peasants to emigrate to the United States continuing until the outbreak of the First World War. This first wave of Lithuanian immigrants to the United States ceased when the US Congress passed the Emergency Quota Act in 1921, followed by the Immigration Act of 1924 driven by xenophobic anti-immigrant attitudes against the newcomers from Eastern Europe. The Immigration Act of 1924 was aimed at restricting the Eastern and Southern Europeans who had begun to enter the country in large numbers beginning in the 1890s.

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Lorenzo de Zavala
Manuel Lorenzo Justiniano de Zavala y Sáenz (October 3, 1788 – November 15, 1836) was a 19th-century Mexican politician. He served as finance minister under President Vicente Guerrero. A colonizer and statesman, he was also the interim Vice President of the Republic of Texas, serving under interim President David G. Burnet from March to October 1836.
Manuel Lorenzo Justiniano de Zavala y Sáenz was born on October 3, 1789, in the town of Tecoh, Yucatán, to Anastasio de Zavala y Velázquez and María Bárbara Sáenz. He graduated from the seminary at Mérida in 1807. He founded several newspapers, but his liberal political views led to his imprisonment in Veracruz in 1814. he studied medical textbooks while in prison, and was ready to practice medicine upon his release in 1817. In 1820, he was elected to public office, and in 1821 was appointed Deputy to the Spanish Cortes in Madrid. He died at a very old age.
In 1807 Zavala married Teresa Correa y Correa. They had three children, including Lorenzo, Jr., who served his father in Paris as secretary of the Texas legation and, after the battle of San Jacinto, served as translator for Sam Houston in his negotiations with Santa Anna. After nearly twenty-four years of marriage, Zavala's wife died in 1831. That same year, on 12 November 1831, he married Emily West of New York City and they had three children. Their son Augustine was later to become the father of Adina Emilia De Zavala, who will be best remembered for her spirited and caring role in the fight to preserve the Alamo.

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Lupe Ontiveros
Lupe Ontiveros (born September 17, 1942) is an American film and television actress. Ontiveros has acted in numerous films and television shows, most often playing a maid or, more recently, an all-knowing grandmother; she estimates she has played a maid between 150 and 300 times on screen.
Ontiveros was born Guadalupe Moreno in El Paso, Texas, the daughter of Luz "Lucita" Castanon and Juan Moreno, middle-class Mexican immigrants who overcame a lack of formal education and were owners of a tortilla factory and two restaurants in El Paso. She graduated from El Paso High School and went on to study at Texas Woman's University in Denton, Texas, where she received a bachelor's degree in social work. Ontiveros was raised Roman Catholic. After her marriage, she and her husband moved to California to realize his dream of starting an automotive business. During a period of professional dissatisfaction with her social service career, Ontiveros was trying to decide whether to go back to school for a nursing degree when she saw an article about a need for local film "extras". With her husband's encouragement, she began with that simple job and parlayed it into a long stage and screen career.

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Lydia Mendoza
Lydia Mendoza (May 21, 1916 – December 20, 2007) was an American guitarist and singer of Tejano, conjunto, and traditional Mexican-American music. She is known as "La Alondra de la Frontera" (or "The Lark of the Border" in English).
Mendoza was born on May 21, 1916, in Houston, Texas. She learned to sing and play stringed instruments from her mother and grandmother. In 1928, as part of the family group, Cuarteto Carta Blanca, she made her first recordings for the Okeh Records label in San Antonio, Texas.
In the early 1930s, Mendoza came to the attention of Manuel J. Cortez, a pioneer of Mexican-American radio broadcasting. Her live radio performances set the stage for her 1934 recordings on the Bluebird Records label, a subsidiary of RCA Victor. Her recording, "Mal Hombre", became an overnight success and led to an intensive schedule of touring and recording.
After World War II, Mendoza recorded for many of the major Mexican-American record labels mostly located in Texas. She continued actively performing and recording up until a stroke in 1988 slowed her schedule down. Many of her recordings are still available including those issued by Arhoolie Records, a California-based label specializing in the release of regional forms of American music.

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Macedonian American
Macedonian Americans (Macedonian: Македонски Американци, Makedonski Amerikanci) are Americans of ethnic Macedonian descent.
The first Macedonian American immigrants came from the border regions in the north of what is today Greek Macedonia, primarily the regions near Kastoria (Kostur), Florina (Lerin), and the south-west of the Republic of Macedonia, notably around Bitola. It is estimated that around 50,000 Macedonians emigrated to the United States between 1903 and 1906, but the outbreak of the Balkan Wars and World War I stopped the flow. Around 20,000 remained in the US and the rest returned home. The immigrants were predominately peasants, with the remainder including craftsmen, workers and intellectuals. Immigration restarted after the wars; most of the new immigrants were ethnic Macedonians from Greece, many of whom had been expelled from Greek Macedonia in the 1920s. Since the 1920s and 1930s the Macedonian language has been recorded in American censa. Around 50,000-60,000 Macedonians had emigrated to the US by the end of World War II. At that time and later they were largely classified as Bulgarians.

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Madison De La Garza
Madison Rose De La Garza (born December 28, 2001) is an American actress. She is best known for her role as Juanita Solis on Desperate Housewives.
Madison De La Garza was born to Eddie De La Garza and Dianna Bonheur Hart De La Garza. She is the maternal half-sister of singer and actress Demi Lovato, and of Dallas Lovato.
She is best known for her role as Juanita Solis on Desperate Housewives.
De La Garza has been bullied about her weight and her sister Demi Lovato has spoken out about Madison and herself being bullied.
In December 2010, De La Garza announced via her Twitter page that she was making a Christmas present for her sister Demi who was undergoing treatment for "physical and emotional issues". This present included messages from Lovato's fans along with their usernames on Twitter.

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Maltese American
Maltese American is a citizen or resident of the United States with ethnic origins in the southern European nation of Malta.
The first immigrants from Malta in the United States arrived to this country in the mid-eighteenth century to the city of New Orleans, Louisiana. Many Americans assumed Malta was part of Italy. In some cases "Born Malta, Italy" was put on tombstones of Maltese because of the confusion. However, at this time and in the nineteenth century the Maltese who emigrated to the United States were still scarce. In fact, in the 1860s, only emigrated to the United States between five and ten Maltese every year. The majority of them were agricultural workers, and, in New Orleans case, market gardeners and vegetable dealers. After World War I, in 1919, Maltese immigration to the US increased. Thus, just in the first quarter of 1920 more than 1,300 Maltese immigrated to the United States. Detroit, Michigan, with jobs in the expanding automobile industry, drew the largest share of immigrants. It is believed that in the following years, more than 15,000 Maltese people emigrated in the United States, getting later the U.S. citizenship.

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Marcos Witt
Marcos Witt (born May 19, 1962), is an American, four-time Latin Grammy Award-winning Christian singer and pastor.
Marcos Witt is the second born of three children to Jerry and Nola Witt, a young American missionary couple. The Witt family moved to Durango, México, in 1964 and they started a missionary outreach. The work was unexpectedly halted after Jerry's death that same year.
Years later, Marcos’ mother, Nola Holder, found a companion in Frank Warren and remarried. Warren embraced the vision God had originally given Jerry and Nola as his own and together they would begin to build new churches in Durango, México. The second marriage not only provided a husband for Nola, but equally important, a father figure for Marcos, Jerry, and Felipe. Later, the couple would give birth to two additional children, twin daughters Nola and Lorena Warren.
Marcos' education began with basic studies at the American School of Durango. He then studied classical music at the University of Juarez (Durango, México) and eventually he started his theological studies at International Bible College in San Antonio, Texas. Currently, Marcos is working towards his masters degree at Oral Roberts University in Tulsa, Oklahoma.

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Mexican American
Mexican Americans are Americans of Mexican descent. As of July 2009, Mexican Americans make up 10.3% of the United States' population with over 31,689,000 Americans listed as of Mexican ancestry. Mexican Americans comprise 66% of all Hispanics and Latinos in the United States. The United States is home to the second largest Mexican community in the world second only to Mexico itself comprising nearly 22% of the entire Mexican origin population of the world. Canada is a distant third with a Mexican origin population of 37,000 as of 2001 although increasing to 61,505 as of 2006. In addition, as of 2008 there were approximately 7,000,000 undocumented Mexicans living in the United States which if included in the count would increase the US share to over 28% of the world's Mexican origin population (Note that some of the undocumented would be captured in the US Census count depending on their willingness to provide information). Over 60% of all Mexican Americans reside in the states of California and Texas. Most Mexican Americans are the descendants of the Indigenous peoples of Mexico and/or Europeans, especially Spaniards.

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Mexican people
Mexican people (Spanish: Pueblo mexicano (collective), Mexicanos (individuals)) refers to all persons from Mexico, a multiethnic country in North America, and/or who identify with the Mexican cultural and/or national identity.
Mexico became a nation in 1821 when Mexico achieved independence from the Spanish Empire; this began the process of forging a Mexican national identity that fused the cultural traits of indigenous pre-Columbian origin with those of European, particularly Iberian, ancestry. This led to what has been termed "a peculiar form of multi-ethnic nationalism"
The most spoken language by Mexicans is Mexican Spanish, but many also speak languages from 62 different indigenous linguistic groups and other languages brought to Mexico by recent immigration or learned by Mexican immigrants residing in other nations. Over 78% of the Mexican people live in Mexico but there is a sizable diaspora with nearly 22% living in the United States.
The Mexican people have varied origins and an identity that has evolved with the succession of conquests among Amerindian groups and by Europeans. The area that is now modern-day Mexico has cradled many predecessor civilizations, going back as far as the Olmec which influenced the latter civilizations of Teotihuacan (200 B.C. to 700 A.D.) and the much debated Toltec people who flourished around the 10th and 12th centuries A.D., and ending with the last great indigenous civilization before the Spanish Conquest, the Aztecs (March 13, 1325 to August 13, 1521). The Nahuatl language was a common tongue in the region of modern Central Mexico during the Aztec Empire, but after the arrival of Europeans the common language of the region became Spanish.

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Montenegrin American
Montenegrin Americans are citizens of the United States who are of Montenegrin ancestry. Also, the term "Yugoslavian American" may be preferred by people who identify with the former nation of Yugoslavia before its breakup during the early 1990s, and in 2006, Montenegro became independent from the State Union with Serbia.
Today, these Montenegrins mainly live in the central and eastern United States, much of which is concentrated in New York City and Chicago, and to a lesser extent in Detroit, and recent arrivals from former Yugoslavia in the Los Angeles area.
Montenegrin Americans are found throughout the state of Alaska. About a quarter of all known Montenegrin Americans live in Anchorage. Their presence in Alaska dates back to the gold rushes of the early 20th century. A short-lived newspaper entitled Servian Montenegrin was established at the beginning of 1905 in the town of Douglas, near Juneau.
An estimated 80,000 Americans are of Montenegrin ancestry.
Rex Stout's well-known fictional detective Nero Wolfe is a Montenegrin American, and his antecedents play a major role in several books of the series, notably "Over My Dead Body" and "The Black Mountain" (the second of these titles is indeed an English translation of the name "Montenegro").

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Nicaraguan American
Nicaraguan American (Spanish: Nicaragüense Estadounidense) are Americans of Nicaraguan ancestry who were born in or have immigrated to the United States. In 2010 the U.S. Census’ American Community Survey counted an estimated 247,593 people in the United States that were born in Nicaragua and the 2010 Decennial Census counted 348,202 who identified as Hispanics of Nicaraguan origin (which would include both U.S.- and foreign-born Nicaraguans). According to the U.S. Census Bureau, there were 177,684 Americans who identified as Hispanics of Nicaraguan origin living in the U.S. in 2000 and an estimated 281,167 in 2005.
Nicaraguans have immigrated to the United States in small groups since the early 1900s, but their presence was especially felt over the last three decades of the 20th century. The Nicaraguan community has concentrated in three major urban areas: Miami, Los Angeles, and New York City. And also in the state of Texas. More specifically Houston. According to the U.S. Census 1997 yearbook, more than 50 percent of Nicaraguans lived in Florida, 35 percent reported living in California, mostly around Los Angeles; and only 7 percent were registered in the New York-New Jersey area. In general, the Nicaraguan-American community is financially better off than most Central American groups. Nevertheless, there are major differences amongst the Nicaraguan American community: the most affluent community is located in the New York-New Jersey area, and the poorest are found in the Miami area. Nicaraguan Americans are Spanish-speaking and predominately Catholic. They celebrate the patron saints of the Roman Catholic Church with festivals and processions, which also provide a context for artistic and cultural expressions of the local identity. The most important patronal festivals for communities in Florida include Santa Ana, San Sebastian, La Purisima, San Jeronimo and La Griteria.

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Nicholas Gonzalez
Nicholas Edward Gonzalez (born January 3, 1976 in San Antonio, Texas) is an American actor, best known for playing Alex Santiago in the TV series Resurrection Blvd..
Gonzalez was a student at San Antonio’s Central Catholic High School. He became an accomplished cross-country and track runner, winning the Texas State Championship in the mile and two mile. After graduating in 1994 and turning down a presidential appointment to West Point, Nicholas pursued an English degree at Stanford University in California.
His interest and love of literature, history, and poetry led him to two terms at Oxford University in England. The following summer, he returned to Europe on a research grant where he studied with scholars at Oxford and Trinity College, Dublin to complete his thesis on James Joyce’s Ulysses.
While finishing his Bachelor of Arts in English in 1998, Nicholas was approached to do a one-man theatre piece called Gas by Marie Irene Fornes.
Alma Martinez, an actress and Stanford professor, encouraged him to become a professional actor. With her help, he connected with the theatrical movement in San Francisco. He polished his skills by performing in classic and contemporary theatre. “I’m happy when I’m on stage,” he declares.

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Nina Mercedez
Nina Mercedez is a Mexican-American pornographic actress, producer and director.
Born in Corpus Christi, Texas, Nina Mercedez' family background is Mexican.
She claims she was neither popular nor attractive as a teenager; she appeared on a segment of The Jenny Jones Show titled "From Geek To Chic" contrasting her "then and now" appearance. She dropped out of school and worked a variety of jobs, including Denny's, OfficeMax, and Barnes & Noble. She later became a bartender and worked as a Budweiser swimsuit model and Tejano calendar girl.
Mercedes has been named for two F.A.M.E. Award for best breasts and best body.
Mercedez worked exclusively for Vivid from the start of her video career but in early 2006 she left them. She then set up her own production company Heartbreaker Films which is distributed by LFP Video Group.
She met industry marketing executive Raymond Balboa during her Vivid contract days; as of June 2008 they are married.

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Norwegian American
Norwegian Americans (Norwegian: norskamerikanere) are Americans of Norwegian descent. Norwegian immigrants went to the United States primarily in the later half of the 19th century and the first few decades of the 20th century. There are more than 4.5 million Norwegian Americans according to the most recent U.S. census, and most live in the Upper Midwest. Norwegian Americans currently comprise the 10th largest American ancestry group.
Norsemen from Greenland and Iceland were the first Europeans to reach North America. Leif Ericson reached North America via Norse settlements in Greenland around the year 1000. Norse settlers from Greenland founded the settlement of L'Anse aux Meadows in Vinland, in what is now Newfoundland, Canada. These settlers failed to establish a permanent settlement.
There was a Norwegian presence in New Amsterdam (New York after 1664) in the early part of 17th century. Hans Hansen Bergen, a native of Bergen, Norway, was one of the earliest settlers of the Dutch colony of New Amsterdam having immigrated in 1633. Another of the first Norwegian settlers was Albert Andriessen Bradt who arrived in New Amsterdam in 1637. Pieter Van Brugh, Mayor of Albany, New York was the grandson of Norwegian immigrants. His mother's parents were Roelof Janse (1602–1637), born in Marstrandsön, a small island situated in Båhuslen province in Norway (it was ceded to Sweden in 1658) and Anneke Jans (1605–1663), born on Flekkerøy, an island situated outside the town of Kristiansand, Vest-Agder county, Norway.

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Nuevomexicano
The Nuevomexicanos are settlers and descendants of colonists from the state of New Mexico. Since the XVI century to 1848, most Europeans who settled in New Mexico in order to repopulate areas of it were Spanish and Mexican, already that New Mexico belonged to Spain (XVI century - 1821) and to Mexico (1821 - 1848). The original name of the state (province at that time) was that of Santa Fe de Nuevo Mexico. The descendants of the settlers still have a community of thousands of people in this state, yet their numbers remain unknown. Also, there a community of people that descend of Nuevomexicanos in the South of Colorado.

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Panamanian American
A Panamanian American is any United States citizen or resident who traces his or her ancestry to the Central American nation of Panama.
In the 2006 American Community Survey, Panamanian Americans were estimated at 123,631.
Since 1820, more than one million immigrants from Central and South America migrated to the United States. Until 1960, the U.S. Census Bureau did not produce statistics that separated the Panamanian immigrants, the South Americans and Central Americans. The Panamanian Americans increased slowly in the United States. Since the 1830's, only 44 arrivals were recorded in this country, by the early twentieth century more than 1,000 came annually. After World War II the flow of immigrants from Panama remained small even though there were no immigration restrictions on the people from the Western Hemisphere. However, the Panamanian immigration increased dramatically after the 1965 Immigration Act, which imposed a ceiling of 120,000 admissions from the hemisphere. Its increase immigration was such that by 1970, Panamanians were able to be one of the largest of the Central American groups in the United States. Most Panamanians that came were nonwhites and most were women. It could register that the number of immigrant males per 100 females was very low in the 1960s, falling to 51 for Panama. Many the female immigrants worked of in service, domestic, or low-paid, white-collar workers who immigrated to earn money to, in return, send home. Since 1962 the percentage of employed newcomers who are domestic servants has remained high, ranging from 15 to 28 percent. The entry of homemakers and children after 1968 was eased by the immigration preference system favoring family reunions. They had already approximated 86,000 people of Panamanian ancestry living in the United States.

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Paraguayan American
A Paraguayan American is an American of Paraguayan birth or descent.
The Paraguayan American population in 2008 was an estimated 19,254, per the American Community Survey.
It is estimated that the first Paraguayans arrived to the United States between the years of 1841 and 1850. At that time, Paraguayans were not coming directly to the United States from Paraguay, but through others countries such as Brazil, Argentina, and Peru. The Paraguayan residents in the U.S. were included in the early records in the group of "other" South Americans. During those years, 3,579 "other" immigrants arrived. Still, in the 1960s, one-fourth of all Paraguayans were registered as living in countries outside Paraguay, with a majority in Argentina, Brazil, and Uruguay. In 1979, close to 11,000 Paraguayans immigrated to the United States, but the numbers declined rapidly. In 1982, 4000 Paraguayans immigrated to the United States. The reasons of migration were varied, but many immigrants were young people that wanted educational opportunities to get professional knowledge, skills and to have better jobs. Additionally, some of the immigrants arrived for political reasons or to escape civil riots. The women exceeded in number to the male immigrants slightly, and more than half of its immigrants lacked occupation. Many Paraguayan immigrants were also infants adopted by American families. More than a thousand Paraguayan infants were adopted in this country. Of these, 254 were adopted in 1989, 405 in 1993 and 351 in 1995.

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Patricia Vonne
Patricia Vonne (née Patricia Rodriguez) is an American singer and actress.
A native of San Antonio, Texas, Vonne moved to New York City in 1990-2001 to pursue her artistic ambitions. She worked extensively in Europe and America and was featured in national/international commercials, and film work. She formed her own musical band, which performed on the New York circuit from 1998-2001. She then relocated to her native Texas where she currently tours extensively in the U.S., Mexico and Europe.
She toured as a member of Tito & Tarantula, the band featured in the film From Dusk Till Dawn, in 2002 . Her song, "Traeme Paz", was featured in the film Once Upon a Time in Mexico. Vonne's song "Mudpies and Gasoline" is featured in the Quentin Tarantino presented film Hell Ride.
She is the sister of Angela Lanza, Marcel Rodriguez and Robert Rodriguez.

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Paula DeAnda
Paula Dacia DeAnda (born November 3, 1989) is a American pop singer-songwriter and actress. She first came to prominence with her first single "Doing Too Much" that became a hit in the Southwest. She then got the opportunity to audition for Clive Davis who signed her to Arista Records on the spot. Her debut album, Paula DeAnda was released in 2006 and contained the Billboard Hot 100 top twenty song, "Walk Away (Remember Me)".
DeAnda was born in San Antonio, Texas to parents Steven and Barbara, a restaurant General Manager and a Registered Nurse. She is a Mexican American. At age six she began taking piano lessons and was soon singing at functions around town at the recommendation of her piano teacher. She also sang the national anthem at local football games. In 2002, DeAnda's family decided to move to Corpus Christi in order to help further her career in music because Corpus Christi had a reputation as a music hub. She attended Mary Carroll High School.

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Paulie Ayala
Paul Anthony Ayala (born April 22, 1970 in Fort Worth, Texas) is a Mexican-American former boxer and two time world champion. Ayala is a born-again Christian, and he professed so by thanking God for his success after virtually every fight. Ayala was promoted by Bob Arum.
Ayala began his professional fighting career with a six round decision win over Jaime Olvera on November 27, 1992. He had seven fights in 1993, including one against veteran Jesse Magana. He won all seven, four by knockout. Magana himself was knocked out in the fourth round by Ayala. In 1994, he won all four of his bouts, including one over veteran Lee Cargle. Cargle was beaten by Ayala with a knockout in round three. 1995 was a productive year for the young fighter. He won all five of his fights, including his first championship bout: He beat Mike Espinoza by knockout in three at Ft. Worth to claim the NABF Bantamweight title. He also defended that title twice before the end of the year, beating Mario Diaz and Sergio Millan, both by decision in 12 rounds. In 1996, he only had two fights, both of them successful defenses of his regional belt: He knocked out Roland Gomez in seven rounds, and defeated Ivan Alvarez by decision in twelve.

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Pennsylvania Dutch
Pennsylvania Dutch refers to immigrants and their descendants from southwestern Germany and Switzerland who settled in Pennsylvania in the 17th and 18th centuries. Historically they have spoken the dialect of German known as Pennsylvania Dutch or Pennsylvania German.
The first major emigration of Germans to America resulted in the founding of the Borough of Germantown in northwest Philadelphia County, Pennsylvania on October 6, 1683. Mass emigration of Palatines began out of Germany in the early 18th century.
The Pennsylvania Dutch maintained numerous religious affiliations, with the greatest number being Lutheran or Reformed, but many Anabaptists as well. The Anabaptist religions promoted a simple lifestyle and their adherents were known as Plain people or Plain Dutch, as opposed to the Fancy Dutch who tended to assimilate more easily into the American mainstream.
Over time, the various dialects spoken by these immigrants fused into a unique dialect known as Pennsylvania Dutch or Pennsylvania German. At one time, over a third of Pennsylvania's population spoke this language, which also had an impact on the local dialect of English.

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Peruvian American
A Peruvian American (Spanish: Inmigración peruana en Estados Unidos) is an immigrant or descendant of immigrants from Peru that arrived in the United States. Among Peruvian Americans there are those of White (mostly Spanish), mestizo, Amerindian, and Afro-Peruvian descent, as well as others, including Italian, French, and German or a mix of any of these. A significant number are of pure or mixed Chinese or/and Japanese heritage.
Peruvians emigrate mainly because of political turmoil and economic hardships. Peruvian Americans are a relatively recent ethnic group as most of them moved to the United States after 1990. According to the U.S. Census Bureau it is estimated that 435,368 U.S. residents identify themselves as being of Peruvian origin.
Small but significant waves of immigration occurred in San Francisco during the gold rush (along with Chilean miners beginning in 1848) and the Metro Detroit area in the 1950s. However, the majority of Peruvians that emigrated to the United States have arrived since the 90s. Peruvians typically emigrate due to economic reasons, to escape poverty and pursue a better quality of life. Significant demographics of Peruvians are found in New Jersey, New York, Miami and Los Angeles.

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Polish American
A Polish American (Polish: Amerykanin polskiego pochodzenia), is a citizen of the United States of Polish descent. There are an estimated 10 million Polish Americans, representing about 3.2% of the population of the United States. No distinction is made in the American census between ethnically Polish Americans and descendants of non-ethnic Poles, such as Jews or Ukrainians, who were born in the territory of Poland and considered themselves Polish nationals. Therefore, some say, of the 10 million Polish Americans, only a certain portion are of Polish ethnic descent. On the other hand, many ethnic Poles when entering the US from 1795–1917, when Poland did not exist, did not identify themselves as ethnic Poles and instead identified themselves as either German, Austrian or Russian (this pertained to the nations occupying Poland from 1795–1917). Therefore, the actual amount of Americans of at least partial Polish ancestry, could be well over 10 million. Polish Americans are the largest European ethnic group in the United States of Slavic origin.

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Portuguese American
Portuguese Americans are citizens of the United States whose ancestry originates in the southwest European nation of Portugal, including the offshore island groups of the Azores and Madeira.
Colloquially, the term is also incorrectly applied to people whose ancestry stems from Portuguese-speaking countries. Such use of the term "Portuguese American" is employed as a synonym to Luso American. Accurately, a Portuguese American denotes any person born in the United States whose family came to the USA from Portugal. Americans and others who are not native Europeans from Portugal but originate from countries that were former colonies of Portugal are not Portuguese American, rather, they are codified as Lusitanic, or simply referred to by their present-day nationalities (Cape Verdean, Brazilian, etc.) although many citizens of former Portuguese colonies are also ethnically Portuguese. Famous Portuguese Americans include Tom Hanks, Katy Perry, Meredith Viera, James Franco and Joe Perry.
Portuguese people have had a very long history in the United States (from 1634), which may even be pre-Columbian, although there is lack of solid historical evidence. Navigators, like the Miguel Corte-Real family, may have visited the North American shores in first time at the beginning of the 16th century. There is a monumental landmark, the Dighton Rock, in southeastern Massachusetts, that testifies their presence in the area. And João Rodrigues Cabrilho who explored the California coast for the first time.

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Raini Rodriguez
Raini Alena Rodriguez (born July 1, 1993) is an American actress, best known for playing Maya Blart in Paul Blart: Mall Cop. She also appeared in an episode of The Suite Life of Zack & Cody, as Betsy, on the new Disney XD show I'm in the Band as Annoying Arlene, and is now a lead role in Austin & Ally. She appeared in the 2011 film Prom.
Rodriguez was born in Bryan, Texas, the daughter of Diane and Roy Rodriguez, who owns a business. She is the older sister of actor Rico Rodriguez.

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Ramón Músquiz
Don Ramón Músquiz (1797–1867) was governor of Texas from 1830 to 1831 and in 1835.

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Ramón Núñez
Ramón Núñez (born 14 November 1985 in Tegucigalpa, Honduras) is a Honduran international footballer, currently playing for Leeds United. Núñez plays primarily as an attacking central midfielder playmaker. He can also play as a Winger or as a second striker. In his homeland he is nicknamed El Principito meaning The Little Prince. In 2011, he had a loan spell at Scunthorpe United.
Núñez grew up in the United States, coming with his family on his father's investor visa in the early 1990s and graduating from W. T. White High School in Dallas, Texas. He was drafted by the Dallas Burn sixth overall in the 2004 MLS SuperDraft after one season of college soccer at Southern Methodist University for which he was named the Missouri Valley Conference freshman of the year.
In his first year with the Dallas Burn (which later changed their name to FC Dallas), Núñez saw very limited action, playing a total of 107 minutes in eight games. However, he came on strong at the end of his second season, earning a starting role and finishing with five league goals and three assists. After losing a starting spot, he transferred to Chivas USA in August 2007. He was released on a free transfer at the end of the season.

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Ricardo Sanchez
Ricardo Sanchez (born September 9, 1953) is a retired United States Army Lieutenant General and was a candidate for the Democratic Party nomination for the Senate election in 2012 for the seat of retiring Senator Kay Bailey Hutchison.
Sanchez was born into a poor Mexican American family in Rio Grande City, Texas. During the Vietnam War (1969–73), Sanchez was in college. He spent one year at the University of Texas at Austin on an ROTC scholarship, eventually transferring to Texas A&I University in Kingsville, Texas, where he graduated in 1973 with a double major in mathematics and history. Sanchez was named a Distinguished Military Graduate (DMG), meaning he was in the top 10% of all ROTC cadets in the nation. He was commissioned as a second lieutenant in the United States Army.
Sanchez became a platoon leader in the 82nd Airborne Division, stationed at Fort Bragg, North Carolina. By 1977, he had transferred from the infantry to armor. He received promotions regularly and was stationed at posts in the United States, Korea, Panama and Germany.

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Robert Rodriguez
Robert Anthony Rodríguez (born June 20, 1968) is an American film director, screenwriter, producer, cinematographer, editor and musician. He shoots and produces many of his films in his native Texas and Mexico. He has directed such films as Desperado, From Dusk Till Dawn, The Faculty, Spy Kids, Sin City, Planet Terror, and Machete. He is a friend and frequent collaborator of filmmaker Quentin Tarantino.

Rodríguez was born in San Antonio, Texas, the son of Mexican-American parents Rebecca (née Villegas), a nurse, and Cecilio G. Rodríguez, a salesman. He began his interest in film at age 11 when his father bought one of the first VCRs, which came with a camera.
While attending St. Anthony High School, he was commissioned to videotape the school's football games. According to his sister he was fired soon after for shooting them with a cinematic style, getting shots of parents' reactions and the ball traveling through the air instead of shooting the whole play. There he met Carlos Gallardo; they both shot films on video throughout high school and college. After graduating Rodriguez went to the College of Communication at the University of Texas where he also developed a love of cartooning. His grades were not high enough to get into the school's film program, so he invented a daily comic strip entitled Los Hooligans with many of the characters based on his siblings – in particular, one of his sisters, Maricarmen. The comic proved to be quite successful, running for three years in the student newspaper The Daily Texan while Rodríguez continued to make short films.^{[citation needed]}

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Roberto Garza
Roberto Garza (born March 26, 1979 in Rio Hondo, Texas) is an American football center and guard for the Chicago Bears of the NFL.
Garza attended Rio Hondo High School in Rio Hondo, Texas and was a Letterman in football and track and field. He was also a member the school's National Honor Society.
The son of immigrants from Mexico, Garza was encouraged to join the Marines after high school. A Marine recruiter interested in Garza ridiculed his desire to play professional football, allegedly stating that, "Mexicans do not play in the NFL". Roberto was not discouraged, and worked toward his goal by playing for the Texas A&M University-Kingsville Javelinas as a "walk-on". In addition to playing football, Roberto worked to pay for school. Garza's hometown of Rio Hondo, Texas established December 2 as "Roberto Garza, Jr. Day", and subsequently named a street after him. He is fluent in Spanish
He was originally selected by the Atlanta Falcons with the 99th overall pick of 2001 NFL Draft from Texas A&M University-Kingsville. Garza played with the Falcons up until the 2004 season when his contract was up. He signed a one year contract with the Chicago Bears in 2005 and a six year contract extension in 2006. Garza was chosen to be the cover athlete of the Spanish version of Madden 09 En Español.

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Roland Gutierrez
Rolando Gutierrez (born April 29, 1975 in Corpus Christi, Texas) is best known as a keyboardist and music producer with credits from DJ Kane,Jennifer Peña, Chris Pérez Band, Thalía and Verónica Castro just to name a few with two of his productions earning Latin Grammy nominations.
Gutierrez began playing piano at the age of 15 and was no stranger to music as his older brother Robert Gutierrez was part of the powerhouse tejano band Grupo Estrella. By age 18 he was contributing to albums with A.B. Quintanilla III for artists like Selena, Escalofrio, Los Agues, and as part of the group Chikko. As of 2007 Gutierrez continued as a session musician and toured for acts like DJ Kane, La Conquista, Frankie J & Paula DeAnda and in 2008 he opened his recording studio and production company known as Rorofied Productions where today he continues to produce and records up and coming talents.

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Romanian American
A Romanian American (Romanian: Român American) is a citizen of the United States who has significant Romanian heritage. For the 2000 US Census, 367,310 Americans indicated Romanian as their first ancestry, while 518,653 persons declared to have Romanian ancestry. Other sources provide higher estimates for the numbers of Romanian Americans in the contemporary US; for example, the Romanian-American Network Inc. supplies a rough estimate of 1.2 million. There is also a significant number of persons of Romanian Jewish ancestry, estimated at about 250,000.
The migration of Romanians to the US started in the second half of the 19th century. They came mostly from the territories that were under Austro-Hungarian rule: Transylvania, Banat, Bucovina, Crişana and Maramureş. Some of them came with the intention to work for some years and to return after raising money, while others decided to remain. Those Romanians migrated mostly in the industrial centers around the Great Lakes (Cleveland, Chicago, Detroit etc.). They were also some immigrants from "Lesser Romania". For example, in 1905, 7,818 Romanians migrated to the US, including 7,261 from Austria-Hungary, 423 from "Lesser Romania", and the rest came from other European countries. The migrants from the Romanian Old Kingdom were mostly Jews and they settled mostly in New York. One of their prominent organizations was the United Rumanian Jews of America. 75,000 Romanian Jews emigrated in the period 1881-1914, mostly to the United States.

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Roy Benavidez
Raul (Roy) Perez Benavidez (August 5, 1935 – November 29, 1998) was a member of the Studies and Observations Group of the United States Army. He received the Medal of Honor for his actions in combat near Lộc Ninh, South Vietnam on May 2, 1968.
A descendant to the founders of Benavides, TX, Roy P. Benavidez(s) was born in Lindenau near Cuero, Texas in DeWitt County. His parents were of Mexican and Yaqui Indian ancestry. When he was two years old, his father died of tuberculosis and his mother remarried. Five years later, his mother died from tuberculosis too. Benavidez and his younger brother, Roger and half sister María Guadalupe moved to El Campo, where their grandfather, uncle and aunt raised them along with eight cousins.
Benavidez shined shoes at the local bus station, labored on farms in Texas and Colorado, and worked at a tire shop in El Campo.^{[citation needed]} He attended school sporadically, and at the age 15 he dropped out to work full-time to help support the family.
In 1952, during the Korean War, Benavidez enlisted in the Texas Army National Guard. In June 1955, he enlisted in the regular United States Army. He married Hilaria Coy in 1959, the year he completed his airborne training and was assigned to the 82nd Airborne Division at Fort Bragg. In 1965 he was sent to South Vietnam as an advisor to an ARVN infantry regiment. He stepped on a land mine during a patrol and was evacuated to the United States, where doctors at Brooke Army Medical Center (BAMC) thought he would never walk again. Despite serious injury to his spine, Benavidez walked out of the hospital in July 1966, his wife at his side.^{[citation needed]}

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Russian American
Russian Americans are primarily Americans who trace their ancestry to Russia. The definition can be applied to recent Russian immigrants to the United States, as well as to settlers of 19th century Russian settlements in northwestern America which includes today's Alaska, California, and Oregon.
Some Rusyn Americans identify as Russian American.^{[citation needed]}
The Russian American population is reported to be 3.13 million.
Many Russian Americans do not speak Russian, having been born in the USA and brought up in English-speaking homes. In 2007, however, Russian was the primary spoken language of 851,174 Americans at home, according to the U.S. Census. According to the Davis Center for Russian and Eurasian Studies at Harvard, 750,000 Russian Americans were ethnic Russians in 1990.
The New York City metropolitan area continues to be by far the leading metropolitan gateway for Russian immigrants legally admitted into the United States.
Sometimes Carpatho-Rusyns and Ukrainians who emigrated from Carpathian Ruthenia in the 19th century and the beginning of 20th century identify as Russian Americans. More recent emigres would often refer to this group as the 'starozhili', which translates to mean "old residents". This group became the pillar of the Russian Orthodox Church in America. Today, most of this group has become assimilated into the local society, with ethnic traditions continuing to survive primarily around the church.

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Rusyn American
Rusyn Americans (also known as Carpatho-Russian Americans or Ruthenian Americans) are Americans whose ancestors were born in Carpathian Ruthenia. Some Rusyn Americans identify as Russian Americans or Ukrainian Americans.
Rusyns began immigrating to the United States in the late 1870s and in the 1880s. Upon arrival in the United States, the vast majority of Ruthenians identified with the state that they had left. It is, therefore, impossible to know their exact number. Based on immigration statistics and membership records in religious and secular organizations, it is reasonable to assume that there are about 620,000 Americans who have at least one ancestor of Rusyn background.^{[citation needed]}
At the time of the first and largest wave of immigration (1880s to 1914), the Rusyn homeland was located entirely within the Austro-Hungarian Empire. In both parts of Austria-Hungary, the economic situation for Rusyns was the same. Their approximately 1,000 villages were all located in hilly or mountainous terrain from which the inhabitants eked out a subsistence-level existence based on small-scale agriculture, livestock grazing (especially sheep), and seasonal labor on the richer plains of lowland Hungary.^{[citation needed]}

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Ryan Cabrera
Ryan Frank Cabrera (born July 18, 1982) is an Colombian-American pop rock musician. In 2004, Cabrera debuted with his single "On the Way Down", a top ten hit in the U.S., and album Take It All Away. He continued his career with two more albums, You Stand Watching in 2005 and The Moon Under Water in 2008.
Cabrera was born in Dallas where he went to St. Paul the Apostle Catholic School in Richardson, Texas and then Jesuit College Preparatory School of Dallas, and his ethnic background is Colombian. Listening to Dave Matthews Band influenced him to play acoustic guitar in another band, Rubix Groove, which opened for artists like Cheap Trick and Third Eye Blind. Cabrera composed three songs that impressed a studio engineer, who then let Cabrera record a full-length album, Elm Street, for free at Deep Ellum Studios. Cabrera has dated Ashlee Simpson, Lisa Origliasso of The Veronicas, Riley Keough, and Audrina Patridge.
In 2010, he appeared in several episodes of The Hills during its sixth and final season. The episodes chronicled his romance and eventual break-up with Patridge. In 2010 he also appeared in the E! television show, Pretty Wild.

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Salvador Flores
Salvador Flores (Jose Salvador Ramon Flores) (ca. 1806–1855) served as a volunteer in the Texan Army in 1835–1836. He was instrumental in organizing and commanding Texian volunteers in support of the Texas Revolution. He participated in many battles and would rise through the ranks to reach Captain status during the fight for Texas independence from Mexico. Salvador continued to provide protection for the ranches and settlers of Texas throughout the Republic years.
Salvador Flores was born into Spanish Texas around 1806 in La Villa de San Fernando de Béxar. He was a skilled vaquero and ranchero that lived on the San Antonio river about 28 miles (45 km) below San Antonio, near Floresville. He married Maria Flores on May 24, 1841. They had 5 children.
He was the son of Jose Flores De Abrego and Maria Rodriquez. They were a prominent family of Béxar, rich in the ranching history of Texas. Four Jose Flores De Abrego sons, Captain Salvador Flores Captain Manuel N. Flores, Lieutenant Nepomuceno Flores, and Private Jose Maria Flores participated in the Texas Revolution, serving at Béxar and San Jacinto. Salvador was also a brother-in-law to Col. Juan Nepomuceno Seguín.

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Salvadoran American
Salvadoran Americans are citizens or residents of the United States of Salvadoran descent. As of 2010 there are 1.6 million Salvadoran Americans in the United States, the fourth-largest Hispanic community by nation of ancestry.
One of the largest populations of Salvadoran Americans resides in the Greater Los Angeles area, including Orange County, California, the Inland Empire, as well as in San Diego. Other metropolitan areas with a major Salvadoran American presence include other California regions outside of Los Angeles such as the San Francisco Bay Area; the Washington Metropolitan Area, with most concentrated in the suburbs in Northern Virginia and Maryland; Central Florida and South Florida; Texas, especially in Houston, Austin, Dallas and Fort Worth; the New York City area such as Northern New Jersey, Flushing, Queens and Long Island; Atlanta; northern Georgia; New Orleans; and the Chicago metro area.
Salvadoran immigration to the United States is a fairly recent phenomenon historically, with the movement small in comparison to some of the great immigration waves of the past, but it has had a profound significance for both El Salvador and the United States.

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Santos Benavides
Santos Benavides (November 1, 1823 – November 9, 1891) was a Confederate colonel during the American Civil War. Benavides was the highest-ranking Tejano soldier in the Confederate military.
Benavides was born in Laredo, the seat of Webb County, a descendant of Don Tomas Sanchez de la Barrera y Garza, the founder of Laredo. Benavides also served as county judge in Webb County in 1859. He was the captain of the 33rd Texas Cavalry, also called Benavides' Regiment, until he was promoted to colonel in November 1863.
On May 22, 1861, at the Battle of Carrizo (also called Battle of Zapata), Benavides engaged the local Tejano leader Juan Cortina (who had invaded Zapata County, an event usually referred as the Second Cortina War), and drove him back into Mexico. Probably his greatest contribution to the Confederacy was securing passage of Confederate cotton to Matamoros, Tamaulipas, Mexico, in 1863. On March 18, 1864, Major Alfred Holt led a force of about two hundred men from the command of Col. Davis near Brownsville, Texas to destroy five thousand bales of cotton stacked at the San Agustín Plaza in Laredo. The next day, Benavidez defended Laredo against the Union's First Texas Cavalry, whose commander was Colonel Edmund J. Davis, a Florida native who had previously offered Benavides a Union generalship, and defeated the Union forces. Colonel Santos Benavides commanded forty-two men and repelled three Union attacks at the Zacate Creek in what is known as the Battle of Laredo. Davis was elected in 1869 as the first ever Republican governor of Texas. In May 1865 Benavides regiment was in the last battle of the Civil war-Battle of Palmito Ranch

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Sarah Shahi
Aahoo Jahansouz "Sarah" Shahi (born January 10, 1980) is an American actress and a former NFL Cheerleader. She is probably best known for starring in The L Word as Carmen de la Pica Morales and in Life as Detective Dani Reese. In 2011, she began playing the role of Kate Reed in the legal drama Fairly Legal on the USA Network.
Sarah Shahi was born and grew up in Euless, Texas. She has an Iranian father, Abbas Shahi, and a Mexican mother, known as Mahmonir, who was an interior designer. Her father's family left their homeland two years before the Iranian Revolution. Her birthname, Aahoo (Persian: آهو‎), means "gazelle" in Persian.
Shahi adopted Sarah as her name in second grade after hearing the song "Sarah" because she was "tormented" by other children. At her father's behest she grew up speaking Persian, as well as English. Shahi's parents began entering her in beauty pageants at the age of eight. Her parents divorced when she was 10. Shahi attended Trinity High School, where she was captain of the volleyball and basketball teams, and Dallas' Southern Methodist University, majoring in English and Theater. Shahi won the Miss Fort Worth USA pageant in 1997;^{[citation needed]} hoping to become an actress, she joined the Dallas Cowboys Cheerleaders 1999–2000 squad despite not having cheered before, and appeared on the cover of the squad's 2000 calendar before moving to Los Angeles.

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Scottish American

Scottish Americans or Scots Americans (Scottish Gaelic: Ameireaganaich Albannach) are citizens of the United States whose ancestry originates wholly or partly in Scotland. Scottish Americans are closely related to Scots-Irish Americans, descendants of Ulster Scots, and communities emphasize and celebrate a common heritage. The majority of Scot-Irish originally came from the lowlands and border country of Scotland before migrating to the province of Ulster in Ireland (see Plantation of Ulster) and thence, beginning about five generations later, to North America in large numbers during the eighteenth century.
Recent studies state that there are between 30-40 million Americans who claim Scottish and Scot-Irish heritage in the United States. These figures include both Americans who claim Scottish heritage only as well as those who claim Scottish and other nationalities.
The first Scots in North America probably came with the Vikings. A Hebridean bard is said to have accompanied Bjarni Herjolfsson on his voyage around Greenland in 985 which sighted the mainland. On the evidence of the sagas, the first Scots to set foot in the New World were slaves, a man named Hake and a woman named Hekja, who scouted for Thorfinn Karlsefni's expedition in 1010, gathering wheat and the grapes for which Vinland was named. The controversial Zeno letters have been cited in support of a claim that Henry Sinclair, earl of Orkney, visited Nova Scotia in 1398. In the early years of Spanish colonization of the Americas, a Scot named Tam Blake spent 20 years in Mexico and Colombia and joined Coronado's 1540 expedition to the American Southwest.

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Sebastián Ligarde
Sebastián Ligarde (born January 26, 1954) is an award-winning Mexican-American actor best known for his work in telenovelas and the big screen. In his close to four decade career he has appeared in more than 25 telenovelas and series and over 90 films - most of them in first billing.
Born Amedee Gerardo Ligarde Mayaudon to a Tejano American father-Amedee Ligarde Saenz, and a Mexican mother-Emma Armantina Mayaudon Lopez, this duo-national began his acting career in Mexico in the play Fortune and Men's Eyes in 1974. He obtained his first film role in Survive two years later. He graduated with a degree in film directing and a minor in acting from the University of Texas at Austin and then moved to Mexico to continue his acting career. He appeared in various USA film and television productions before finding steady work in his native Mexico.
Ligarde became known in Mexico after winning the role of "Memo" is the successful Quinceañera in 1987. His very famous phrase "Serena Morena" has remained public domain after two decades. From 1986 thru 2003 he remained an exclusive actor for the Mexican Television Producer "Televisa". Popular roles in novelas such as Lo Blanco y lo Negro, Entre la Vida y la Muerte, María la del Barrio, Salome, Tú y yo, and most recently Belinda have kept him a household name. Ligarde is usually seen playing the part of villain, degenerate, or miscreant.

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Selena
Selena Quintanilla-Pérez (April 16, 1971 – March 31, 1995), known simply as Selena, was an American singer-songwriter. She was named the "top Latin artist of the '90s" and "Best selling Latin artist of the decade" by Billboard for her fourteen top-ten singles in the Top Latin Songs chart, including seven number-one hits. The singer had the most successful singles of 1994 and 1995, "Amor Prohibido" and "No Me Queda Más". She was called "The Queen of Tejano music" and the Mexican equivalent of Madonna. Selena released her first album, Selena y Los Dinos, at the age of twelve. She won Female Vocalist of the Year at the 1987 Tejano Music Awards and landed a recording contract with EMI a few years later. Her fame grew throughout the early 1990s, especially in Spanish-speaking countries.
Selena was murdered at the age of 23 by Yolanda Saldívar, the president of her fan club. On April 12, 1995, two weeks after her death, George W. Bush, governor of Texas at the time, declared her birthday "Selena Day" in Texas.Warner Bros. produced Selena, a film based on her life starring Jennifer Lopez, in 1997. Selena's life was also the basis of the musical Selena Forever starring Veronica Vazquez as Selena. In June 2006 Selena was commemorated with a life-sized bronze statue (Mirador de la Flor in Corpus Christi, Texas) and a Selena museum opened there. She has sold over 60 million albums worldwide.

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Serbian American
Serbian Americans are citizens of the United States who are of Serbian ancestry. For the 2000 US Census, 1.023.993 Americans indicated Serbian as their first ancestry, while 900.800 persons declared to have Serbian ancestry. Those can include Serbian Americans living in the United States for one or several generations, dual Serbian American citizens, or any other Serbian Americans who consider themselves to be affiliated to both cultures or countries. Some Serbian Americans might be born in Serbia, the United States or other countries with an ethnic Serbian population. Because some Serbs are not American citizens, others are dual citizens, and still others' ancestors have come to the US several generations ago, some of these people consider themselves to be simply Americans, Serbs, Serbs living in the United States or American Serbs.
According to the U.S. Census Bureau in 2005, 1.055.993 Americans declared Serbian descent. The metropolitan area around Chicago, Illinois, is of particular note for its large Serbian community. This can be seen in a number of architecturally notable church complexes such as St. Simeon Mirotochivi in the East Side neighborhood and New Gračanica monastery in Third Lake. Other substantial Serbian-American communities are Atlanta, Georgia; Buffalo, New York; Cleveland, Ohio; Detroit, Michigan; New York, New York; and Wheeling, West Virginia.

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Shelbie Bruce
Shelbie Carole Bruce (born November 12, 1992) is an American teen actress fluent in both English and Spanish who had a lead role in the film Spanglish.
She was born in Brownsville, Texas, is home schooled, and trained as a child model, but later moved to California where she pursued her acting career. She has also guest-starred on shows like ER, Ned's Declassified School Survival Guide, and Romeo! She got her big break when she starred in the Adam Sandler film Spanglish in which she played the bilingual daughter of a house maid who speaks only Spanish. She signed a deal with Claire's Boutique to have her own jewelry line, which launched on September 8, 2006. She was featured in an issue of Miss Quince Magazine which is about planning quinceañeras.
Shelbie is part Spanish and Mexican on her mother's side, and part Scottish and Native American on her father's side. She considers herself to be Mexican American. She is a Roman Catholic and says that the two most important things in her life are her family and Jesus Christ.

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Sicilian American
A Sicilian American (Sicilian: Siculu-miricanu singular, Sicilian: Siculu-miricani plural), is an American of Sicilian ancestry. They are often considered to be Italian Americans but are sometimes treated as a separate group due to cultural and historical differences between Sicily and the mainland.
The first Sicilians came to what is now the United States in the seventeenth century as explorers and missionaries. Sicilian emigration to the US then grew substantially in the period starting in the 1880s and in 1906 as many as a 100,000 Sicilians came to the US. By 1924, immigration restrictions had caused this to plummet. This period saw political and economic shifts in Sicily that made emigration desirable. A great portion of the Sicilian immigrants would settle in New York, Tampa, New Jersey, Chicago, Boston, Detroit, Philadelphia, Los Angeles, San Francisco, New Orleans and Milwaukee.
Elements of Sicilian culture came with them such as theatre and music. Giovanni De Rosalia was a noted Sicilian American playwright in the early period and farce was popular in several Sicilian dominated theatres. In music Sicilian Americans would be linked, to some extent, to jazz. Many of the more popular cities for Sicilian immigrants, like New Orleans or Chicago, are pivotal in the history of jazz. In Chicago the predominately Sicilian neighborhood was called "Little Sicily" and in New Orleans it was "Little Palermo." One of the earliest, and among the most controversial, figures in jazz was Nick LaRocca, who was of Sicilian heritage.

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Simón de Arocha
Simon de Arocha (1731–1796) was a judge on the distribution of public lands and the mayor of San Antonio de Béjar (1770 and 1787). Since 1782 his family became leader of the farmers in the province.
Simón de Arocha was born in San Antonio de Béjar, Texas, in October, 1731 (the Isleños arrived to San Antonio in March this year). His parents, Francisco de Arocha and Juana Curbelo, came from La Palma, one of the Canary Islands, Spain. He had fourteen brothers younger than his. His father had important administrative positions in San Antonio. Simón de Arocha was become a judge dedicated to distributing public lands among people to the community of his hometown. He also served as mayor of San Antonio in 1770 and 1787 and as a militia commander, becoming later in a lieutenant general. Between the years of Mayor there were many changes: Thus, in year 1774, in zone from Bucareli Trinity River, escorted the also isleños Adaesaños, residing in West Texas, near Louisiana. In 1778, Arocha decided redact a census report of the province for the new commanding general, Fray John Augustine Morfi. Year four later, in 1782, Simon and his brother Juan de Arocha got a ranch north of Floresville in Texas. After that, they and their family became leaders for farmers in San Antonio. Besides this he also was instrumental in the agreement of the missions in 1787. They and his family gained city council of the City of San Antonio. However, when Simón tried get another ranch at the confluence of the rivers in San Marcos and Guadalupe rivers, many farmers in the province protested. The fight became reality because the next acquisition of land by Arocha left this out of work. Simon de Arocha died on July 29, 1796.

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Slovak American
Slovak Americans are Americans of Slovak descent. In the 1990 Census Slovak Americans made up the second-largest portion of Slavic ethnic groups. There are currently about 790,000 people of Slovak descent living in the United States. [1]
Isaac Ferdinand Sarosi was the first known immigrant from what is now Slovakia. Sarosi arrived in the religious colony of Germantown, Pennsylvania, founded by Mennonite preacher Francis Daniel Pastorius, to serve as a teacher and a preacher. Sarosi returned to Europe after two years. In 1754, Andrej Jelik fled Slovakia to escape military conscription. After much travel in Europe, he eventually reached American shores, via the West Indies, on a Dutch trading ship.
After being proclaimed emperor in Madagascar, and bearing letters of recommendation from Benjamin Franklin and funds from a descendant of Ferdinand Magellan, Móric Beňovský came to America and fought with American troops in the War for Independence. He joined a cavalry corps led by General Pulaski and fought in the siege of Savannah. He died in Madagascar in 1786, but his wife, Zuzana Honschová, spent the years from 1784 until her death in 1815 in the United States.

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Slovene American
Slovene Americans or Slovenian Americans (Slovene: ameriški Slovenci, literally "American Slovenes") are citizens of the United States of Slovene descent.
The first Slovenes in the United States were missionary priests. Two of the earliest such missionaries were Fr. Anton Kappus and Fr. Frederick Baraga (Gobetz, 2009). In the 1730s some Slovenes settled in small farming communities in Georgia. There were a few Slovene soldiers who fought in the American Revolution. Slovene priests built some of the first churches and schools in Michigan, Wisconsin, Minnesota, and neighboring parts of Canada. Many of these early immigrants were bilingual Slovene-German speakers (Shipman, 1912). Until the 1880s there was a small number of Slovene immigrants to the United States. The largest numbers of Slovenes immigrated to America between 1880 and World War I. Most of these came between 1905 and 1913, although the exact number is impossible to determine because Slovenes were often classified as Austrians, Croats, or under other, broader labels, such as Slavonic or Slavic. These later arrivals migrated to the industrial cities or to mining towns in the Upper Midwest, Ohio and Pennsylvania. Two later periods of increased immigration to the United States were the years immediately after World War I (1919–1923) and World War II (1949–1956) (Susel, 1980). Most Slovene immigrants to the United States were of the Catholic faith; however, a minority practiced the Lutheran faith (Susel, 1980).

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Spanish American
A Spanish American is a citizen or resident of the United States whose ancestors originate from the southwestern European nation of Spain. Spanish Americans are the earliest European American group, with a continuous presence since 1565.
In colonial times there were a number of Spanish populations in the present–day U.S. with governments answerable to Madrid. The first settlement was in St. Augustine, Florida, followed by others in New Mexico, California, Arizona, Texas, and Louisiana. In 1598, San Juan de los Caballeros was established, near present day Santa Fe, New Mexico, by Juan de Oñate and about 1,000 other Spaniards. After the establishment of the American colonies, an additional 250,000 immigrants arrived either directly from Spain, the Canary Islands or, after a relatively short sojourn, from present-day central Mexico. The Canary Islanders settled San Antonio de Bejar, San Antonio, Texas, in 1731.^{[citation needed]} Most of the Spanish settlers in present-day Texas, California, New Mexico, Colorado, and Arizona were of ethnically-mixed ancestry, or mestizo. Most self-identified Spanish-Americans in the Southwest differentiate themselves nominally from the population of Mexican-Americans who came after the Mexican Revolution.

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Spanish people
The term Spanish people (or Spaniards) has two distinct meanings: Traditionally, it applies to people native to any part of Spain. More recently, it has also come to have a legal meaning, referring to people who hold Spanish citizenship.
Within Spain there are a number of nationalisms and regionalisms, reflecting the country's complex history. The official language of Spain is Spanish (also known as Castilian), a standard language based on the mediaeval dialect of the Castilians of north-central Spain. There are several commonly spoken regional languages. With the exception of Basque, the languages native to Spain are Romance languages.
There are substantial populations outside Spain with ancestors who emigrated from Spain; most notably in Latin America.
The earliest modern humans inhabiting Spain are believed to have been Neolithic peoples who may have arrived in the Iberian Peninsula as early as 35,000–40,000 years ago. In more recent times the Iberians are believed to have arrived or developed in the region between the 4th millennium BC and the 3rd millennium BC, initially settling along the Mediterranean coast. Celts settled in Spain during the Iron Age. Some of those tribes in North-central Spain, which had cultural contact with the Iberians, are called Celtiberians. In addition, a group known as the Tartessians and later Turdetanians inhabited southwestern Spain and who are believed to have developed a separate civilization of Phoenician influence. The seafaring Phoenicians, Greeks, and Carthaginians successively founded trading colonies along the Mediterranean coast over a period of several centuries. The Second Punic War between the Carthaginians and Romans was fought mainly in what is now Spain and Portugal.

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Susana Martinez
Susana Martinez (born July 14, 1959) is the 31st and current Governor of New Mexico. Martinez, a Republican since 1995, is the first female governor of New Mexico and the first female Hispanic governor in the United States. Martinez was the Assistant District Attorney for the 3rd Judicial District, serving Doña Ana County, New Mexico from 1986 to 1992. She served as District Attorney from 1997 to 2011.
She is considered a potential pick for Vice President on the Republican presidential ticket in 2012, but has stated numerous times she would not run.
Susana was born and raised in El Paso, Texas. She moved to Las Cruces, New Mexico, in the mid 1980s. Martínez comes from a middle class background. Her father was an amateur boxer who won three straight Golden Gloves titles in the 1950s. He was a deputy sheriff for El Paso County, Texas.
On September 9, 2011, Martinez stated that she did not know whether her paternal grandparents immigrated to the country illegally. On more thorough research it turned out that they appeared to follow the rules at the time and that she is a descendant of Mexican Revolutionary General Toribio Ortega.

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Swedish American
Swedish Americans are Americans of Swedish descent, especially the descendants of about 1.2 million immigrants from Sweden during 1885–1915. Most were Lutherans who were affiliated with predecessor bodies of what are now the Evangelical Lutheran Church in America (ELCA) or Lutheran Church-Missouri Synod or North American Lutheran Church (NALC); some were Methodists. Historically Swedish Americans are concentrated in the Midwest, roughly in the area west and northwest of Chicago.
The first Swedish Americans were the settlers of New Sweden. A colony established by Queen Christina of Sweden in 1638, it centered around the Delaware Valley including parts of the present-day states of Delaware, New Jersey, and Pennsylvania. New Sweden was incorporated into New Netherland in 1655 and ceased to be an official territory of the Realm of Sweden. However, many Swedish and Finnish colonists remained and were allowed some political and cultural autonomy.
Present day reminders of the history of New Sweden are reflected in the presence of the American Swedish Historical Museum in Philadelphia, Fort Christina State Park in Wilmington, Delaware, Governor Printz Park and The Printzhof in Essington, Pennsylvania.

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Swiss American
Swiss Americans are Americans of Swiss descent.
There are several ethno-linguistic subgroups among Swiss Americans, including Swiss German-speaking, Swiss French-speaking, and Swiss Italian-speaking.^{[citation needed]} Reportedly,^{[citation needed]} these people are sometimes mistaken for non-Swiss German Americans, French Americans, and Italian Americans, probably largely because of their cultural-linguistic origin.
The first Swiss person in what is now known as the territory of the United States was Theobald (Diebold) von Erlach (1541–1565). The history of the Amish church began with a schism in Switzerland within a group of Swiss and Alsatian Anabaptists in 1693 led by Jakob Ammann, a native of Erlenbach im Simmental.
The late 18th and early 19th century saw a flow of Swiss farmers forming colonies especially in Russia and in the United States.
Before the year 1820 some estimated 25,000 to 30,000 Swiss entered British North America. Most of them settled in regions of today's Pennsylvania as well as North and South Carolina. In the next years until 1860 about as many Swiss arrived, making their homes mainly in the Midwestern states such as Ohio, Indiana, Illinois and Wisconsin. 50,000 came between 1860 and 1880, some 82,000 between 1881 and 1890, and estimated 90,000 more during the next three decades.

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Tejano
Tejano or Texano (Spanish for "Texan") is a term used to identify a Texan of criollo spanish or Mexican heritage.
Historically, the Spanish term Tejano has been used to identify different groups of people. During the Spanish Colonial times and pre-Anglo colonization, the term primarily applied to Spanish settlers of the region now known as Texas (first as part of the New Spain and then in 1821 as part of Mexico). During the times of independent south Texas, the term also applied to Spanish-speaking Texans and Hispanicized Germans and other Europeans. In modern times, the term is more broadly used to identify a Texan of Mexican descent.
Already in 1519, Alonso Alvarez de Pineda claimed Texas for Spain. However, Spain paid little attention to the province until 1685. In this year, Spain received news of the existence of a French colony in Texas that could endanger Spanish mines and shipping routes, so that the king of Spain sent 10 expeditions to the province to look for a French colony, that never came to see. Between 1690 and 1693 several Spanish expeditions took place in Texas, who helped obtain a better understanding of the place for the provincial government and the settlers who come later to Texas.

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Trini Lopez
Trini Lopez (born Trinidad López III, 15 May 1937) is an American singer, guitarist and actor.
Lopez was born in Dallas, Texas, on Ashland Street in the Little Mexico neighborhood. He began his entertainment career in Dallas playing at the Vegas Club, a nightclub owned by Jack Ruby. He made his name on the club circuit of the Southwestern United States before being 'discovered' in 1962 playing at the club PJ's in Hollywood, California, by record producer Don Costa. Costa was taken with Lopez's Latinized versions of contemporary hits and signed him up to Frank Sinatra's record label, Reprise Records. His debut live album, Trini Lopez at PJ's (R/RS 6093), was released in 1963. The album included a version of "If I Had a Hammer", which reached number one in 36 countries (No. 3 in the United States) and was a radio favorite for many years. It sold over one million copies, and was awarded a gold disc. He also performed his own version of the traditional Mexican song "La Bamba" on the album; his recording of the tune was later re-issued as a single in 1966.

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Turkish American
Turkish Americans (Turkish: Amerikalı Türkler) are people who have Turkish ancestry and are citizens of the United States.
Early Turkish immigrants to the United States were predominantly from Turkey's rural community. They settled in large, industrial cities and found employment as unskilled laborers. The majority came to economically support their families in Turkey where economy suffered severely from the last World War. After the 1950s, a well-skilled and highly educated group immigrated to the United States, the majority being medical doctors, engineers, and scientists. Today, Turkish Americans are visible in virtually every community and walk of life.
Significant data shows an astounding number of sixteenth-century Mediterranean Sea clashes between the Ottoman fleets and the Portuguese. Many Turkish and Moorish seamen ended up as Portuguese galley slaves bound for the Canary Islands and the New World. The presence of Turks in the Americas dates to the 17th century. Ottoman mariners and prisoners of war forced to slave labor on numerous Spanish galleons, have also allegedly escaped when some of these ships were wrecked near American shores and settled among Indians. Some Melungeon researchers claim Melungeons descend from these Ottomans. However, this has since been disproven . The myth of Sir Francis Drake leaving a large number of Turks on Roanoke Island in 1586 has been thoroughly debunked.

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Ukrainian American
Ukrainian Americans (Ukrainian: Українці Америки, Українці у США; translit. Ukrayintsiy Ameriki, Ukrayintsiy u SShA) are citizens and permanent residents of the United States who have emigrated to the United States and are of Ukrainian ancestry. According to U.S. census estimates, in 2006 there were 961,113 Americans of Ukrainian descent representing 0.33% of the American population. The Ukrainian population of the United States is thus the second largest outside the former Soviet Union; only Canada has a larger Ukrainian community. According to the 2000 U.S. census, the metropolitan areas with the largest numbers of Ukrainian Americans are: New York City with 160,000 Ukrainians, Philadelphia with 60,000 Ukrainians, Chicago with 46,000 Ukrainians, Los Angeles with 34,000, and Detroit with 33,000 Ukrainians.
The first Ukrainian immigrant to America, Ivan Bohdan sailed with John Smith to the Jamestown colony in 1608. Bohdan met captain Smith during the time when the latter had fought the Turks, was captured, and escaped captivity by fleeing through Ukraine, Romania, Hungary and other countries. Large scale Ukrainian immigration to America did not begin, however, until the 1880s.

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Uruguayan American
A Uruguayan American is any person of Uruguayan ancestry or birth who is a citizen or resident of the United States. Similar to neighboring country Argentina, Uruguay took in many immigrants from Europe beginning in the late 19th century and lasting until the mid 20th century. As it stands, approximately 93% of Uruguay's population is of European descent with Italians, Spaniards, French, and Germans being among the most populous groups to have settled in the country. Because of this, many Uruguayan Americans identify both with their nationality and their family's country of origin.

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Valente Rodriguez
Valente Rodriguez (born February 14, 1961) is an American actor. He is best known for his role as Ernesto "Ernie" Cardenas on the sitcom George Lopez. He currently stars as Cesar in the TV Land sitcom Happily Divorced.
Rodriguez was born in Edcouch, Texas. He attended the University of Texas-Pan American.
In 1988, Rodriguez moved to Los Angeles, California. He later landed his first leading role in the film Salsa. Other film credits include Impulse, Bound by Honor, Twenty Bucks, Ed, Volcano, Blood in Blood Out, Suckers, Erin Brockovich, Roosters, The Ugly Truth, The New Guy and the critically acclaimed Mi Familia or My Family.
He has also made television appearances as a regular on the Fox's comedy show Culture Clash, as well as Mad About You, Golden Girls, Growing Pains, Falcon Crest, Beverly Hills, 90210, Dharma and Greg, Yes, Dear, George Lopez, and he also makes a quick cameo appearance on the film The House Bunny and (500) Days of Summer.
He also played as Mr. Reyna in Gotta Kick It Up!. Rodriguez also appeared in an episode of Sabrina the Teenage Witch as a resident of an apartment building which was going to be knocked down to make a parking lot for a university.

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Venezuelan American
Venezuelan Americans are U.S. citizens who trace their heritage, or part of their heritage, to the nation of Venezuela.
Venezuelan Americans are one of 20 Latin American groups in the U.S. While other U.S. citizens or residents with national origins in any of the Hispanic American countries may be closely related to Spaniards in language and culture, Venezuelan Americans also reflect their diversified culture, which includes influences from Italians, Spanish, Portuguese, Germans, and the French, along with influences from African and indigenous Amerindian elements. Venezuelan Spanish is the group's spoken form of the Spanish language.
Until the 20th century, there was no clear record of the number of Venezuelans who emigrated to United States. If known, however, that between the eighteenth and early nineteenth century, there were many European immigrants in Venezuela, who came to this country, only to then migrate from there to the United States, considering European Immigrants from South America. While it is also known that there were migrations. From 1910 to 1930, emigrate to United States entering the United States over 4,000 South Americans each year. However, there are not many specific figures that indicate the number of Venezuelans who emigrated to this country. In this moments, many Venezuelans settled in the United States for get a better schooling, remaining in the country also after of graduation. They are frequently joined by his relatives. However, since the early 1980s the reasons of the Venezuelan emigration have a change: The most of the Venezuelans emigrate for earn higher salaries. In addition, the economic fluctuations in Venezuela also promoted an important migration of Venezuelan professionals to the United States. In recent years, more Venezuelans opposing the economic and political policies of president Hugo Chávez are migrating to the U.S. (mostly to Florida, but New York City and Houston are other destinations).

wn.com/Venezuelan_American
Vikki Carr
Vikki Carr (born Florencia Bisenta de Casillas Martinez Cardona; July 19, 1941) is an American singer and humanitarian. She has performed in a variety of music genres, including jazz, pop and country, but has enjoyed her greatest success singing in Spanish.
After taking the stage name 'Vikki Carr', she signed with Liberty Records in 1962. Her first single to achieve success was "He's a Rebel", which in 1962 reached No. 5 in Australia and No. 115 in the United States. Producer Phil Spector heard Carr cutting the song in the studio and immediately recorded a cover version billed to The Crystals that reached No. 1 in the United States. In 1966, Carr toured South Vietnam with actor/comedian Danny Kaye to entertain American troops there. The following year her album It Must Be Him was nominated for three Grammy Awards. The title track reached No. 3 on the Billboard Hot 100 in the United States in 1967. "It Must Be Him" sold over one million copies, and was awarded a gold disc. She had two other songs make the US Top 40: 1968's "The Lesson" and 1969's "With Pen in Hand". Around this time, Dean Martin called her "the best girl singer in the business". Carr had 10 singles which made the US pop charts and 13 albums which made the US pop album charts.

wn.com/Vikki_Carr
Welsh American
Welsh Americans are citizens of the United States whose ancestry originates wholly or partly in Wales. In the 2008 U.S. Census community survey, an estimated 1.98 million Americans had Welsh ancestry, 0.6% of the total U.S. population. This compares with a population of 3 million in Wales. However, 3.8% of Americans bear a Welsh surname. Moreover, a particularly large proportion of the African American population have Welsh names. History shows that there is little evidence that the Welsh were among the slave-owning classes at this time, as most immigrants were poor.
There have been at least eight U.S. Presidents with Welsh ancestry including Thomas Jefferson,Abraham Lincoln, John Adams, John Quincy Adams, James Garfield, Calvin Coolidge, Richard Nixon and Barack Obama. Confederate President Jefferson Davis and U.S. Vice President Hubert Humphrey were also of Welsh heritage.
The proportion of the population with a name of Welsh origin ranges from 9.5% in South Carolina to 1.1% in North Dakota. Typically names of Welsh origin are concentrated in the mid Atlantic states, the Carolinas, Georgia and Alabama and in Appalachia, West Virginia and Tennessee. By contrast there are relatively fewer Welsh names in New England, the northern mid West, and the South West.

wn.com/Welsh_American

Puro Tejano Mix 90s Palominos,Bobby P. Intocable,Pesado.wmv

Mix Tejano Norteno...

published: 16 Mar 2012

author: megabasssystem

The Hometown Boys Tejano

Hometown Boys Live!!!Puro Pinche Party Time!!!Arrancate Con Su Vieja...I Love This Track.....

published: 15 Sep 2008

author: Mikey30856

Tejano y Nortena Drunk Mix

LISTEN & FIND OUT!!!...

published: 18 Feb 2010

author: tejanopimp

2011 Tejano Conjunto Festival - Day 2 Accordion Conjunto Jam

30th Annual Tejano Conjunto Festival en San Antonio at Rosedale Park. Day 2 Accordion Conj...

published: 23 May 2011

author: Jason Segura

2012 Tejano Music Awards

2012 Tejano Music Awards Alamodome August 18, 2012 San Antonio, Texas...

published: 21 Aug 2012

author: gcarmona66

MIX TEJANO ROMANTICO

UNAS ROLAS ROMANTICAS ... ENJOY TEJANOS !!!...

published: 22 Dec 2008

author: JESUS CHAVA SOTO

Tejano Swagg 1

...

published: 03 Nov 2012

author: Nesyo Neda

Tejano Swagg 2

Accordion live...

published: 03 Nov 2012

author: Nesyo Neda

Tejano Swagg 3

...

published: 07 Nov 2012

author: Nesyo Neda

Tejano Swagg 4

...

published: 18 Nov 2012

author: Nesyo Neda

Tejano Swagg 5

...

published: 30 Nov 2012

author: Nesyo Neda

Tejano Swagg 6

...

published: 19 Dec 2012

author: Nesyo Neda

Tejano Swagg 7

...

published: 13 Feb 2013

author: Nesyo Neda

Tejano Swagg 8

...

published: 13 Feb 2013

author: Nesyo Neda

TEJANO

published: 27 Mar 2012

author: Arkhé

Tejano

published: 09 Aug 2012

author: Douglas Stivers

Tejano

published: 02 May 2011

author: Michael Stephenson

El Tejano

Publicidad : EL TEJANO Producto: Aderezo picante Cliente: Larry Rogers Realización: Jo...

published: 18 Nov 2012

author: jorge velez

Puro Tejano- Interviews Selena

loved seeing them together n having fun!...

published: 09 Oct 2010

author: ChriStar03

Puro Tejano (1994 backstage interview)

Selena interviewed backstage before a concert Fall of 1994...

published: 08 Mar 2010

author: Mykal21

Tejano Beat Interviews Von Army

Tejano Beat interview with Von Army, a young pop/rock band led by the sons of Tejano super...

published: 01 Jul 2009

author: TejanoBeat

Tejano Beat Interviews Machete star Danny Trejo and Ara Celi

Inteviewed Danny Trejo on the Tejano Music Awards red carpet on July 12, 2010. Trejo plays...

published: 04 Sep 2010

author: TejanoBeat

Selena's Last Interview (3-18-95)-Puro Tejano

This is Selena's last interview with Puro Tejano and ever alive, this was filmed 3-18-95 i...

published: 14 Sep 2010

author: Candace Michelle

* SELENA * Quintanilla Perez on Puro Tejano + other VIP Interviews & Cameo Shots!!!

Some rare footage here and there - not *too* rare but not seen too often on youtube OH and...

published: 04 Aug 2012

author: livinluxuriously

Jesse & Joy Interview on Tejano Beat!

The pop brother-and-sister duo, Jesse & Joy, talk about working together and Joy sings a b...

published: 08 Sep 2009

author: TejanoBeat

Jay Perez on Lalas World

Interview with Tejano Super Star "The Voice" Jay Perez!...

published: 12 Sep 2012

author: LALASWORLDTV

Tejano Beat Interview with Veronica Meza

TB caught up with one of the newer artists on the scene, Veronica Meza. She performed for ...

published: 05 Apr 2009

author: TejanoBeat

Selena Interview (3rd Annual Tejano Super Fest, Houston, TX, August 1994)

Selena Interview (3rd Annual Tejano Super Fest, Houston, TX, August 1994)...

published: 12 Mar 2010

author: Mykal21

BNET RADIO TEJANO INTERVIEW PART 3.MP4

jesse camacho en vivo jesse camacho radio interview...

published: 10 Jun 2011

author: MrJessecamacho

Tejano Beat interview with Stefani Montiel - 2.22.09

Stefani Montiel talks about her latest single, Sigo Enamorada; her stage dive at the TMA k...

published: 11 Mar 2009

author: TejanoBeat

Shelly Lares Austin Tejano Music Coalition -Interview Part 1

Austin Tejano Music Coalition interview with Tejano Artist Shelly Lares. We met with Shell...

published: 08 Jul 2011

author: AustinTejanoMusic

PeeWee Interview at 2010 Tejano Music Awards

TejanoBeat.com interview with PeeWee Salinas - former lead singer of Kumbia Kings-Kumbia A...

published: 16 Jul 2010

author: TejanoBeat

TEJANO

published: 27 Mar 2012

author: Arkhé

Tejano

published: 09 Aug 2012

author: Douglas Stivers

Tejano

published: 02 May 2011

author: Michael Stephenson

El Tejano

Publicidad : EL TEJANO Producto: Aderezo picante Cliente: Larry Rogers Realización: Jo...

published: 18 Nov 2012

author: jorge velez

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photo: AP / Themba Hadebe

Olympic athlete Oscar Pistorius stands inside the court as a police officer looks on during his bail hearing at the magistrate court in Pretoria, South Africa, Wednesday, Feb. 20, 2013.

Pistorius witness ‘heard screams night of killing'

France24

20 Feb 2013

An unnamed witness heard a gunshot, screams and more gunshots at the home of Paralympian Oscar Pistorius on the night of his girlfriend's killing, a police officer told a court on Wednesday. By News Wires (text).  . “Blade Runner” Oscar Pistorius returned to court Wednesday to hear explosive allegations that he fought “non-stop” with his slain girlfriend Reeva Steenkamp on the night of her killing ... S ... ....(size: 9.7Kb)

photo: AP / Valentina Petrova

Protesters are detained by the riot police during a protest against high electricity prices in Sofia, on late Tuesday, Feb. 19, 2013.

Bulgaria's government resigns amid protests

Al Jazeera

20 Feb 2013

Bulgaria's government resigned from office after nationwide protests against high electricity prices, joining a long list of European administrations felled by austerity. Prime Minister Boiko Borisov had tried to calm protests by sacking his finance minister, pledging to cut power prices and punish foreign-owned companies but the measures failed to defuse discontent and protests continued on Tuesday ... News....(size: 5.8Kb)

photo: AP/Keystone, Laurent Gillieron

General view of the headquarters of food and drink company Nestle in Vevey, Switzerland, prior to a press conference, Thursday Oct. 18, 2007. Nestle said Thursday that sales for the first nine months of the year rose 9 percent as it saw strong growth fro

Nestle removes beef pasta meals after finding horsemeat

Joy Online

19 Feb 2013

Nestle, the world's biggest food company, has removed beef pasta meals from shelves in Italy and Spain after tests revealed traces of horse DNA. The Swiss-based firm has halted deliveries of products containing meat from a German supplier. Nestle is the latest in a string of major food producers to find traces of horsemeat in beef meals ... ....(size: 1.9Kb)

photo: AP / Gregorio Borgia

A woman walks past a trash bin defaced with a graffiti reading "Electoral boot. Vote here " in Rome, Monday, Feb. 18, 2013.

Insight: Rome will burn, regardless of Italian election result

Daily Press

20 Feb 2013

ROME (Reuters) - Regardless of who wins next weekend's parliamentary election, Italy's long economic decline is likely to continue because the next government won't be strong enough to pursue the tough reforms needed to make its economy competitive again ... Daily Press Eyewitness. Submit photos and videos from your mobile device. You might find your picture featured on Page 2 of the Daily Press ... CAMPER VAN POLITICS ... "The big question is ... ....(size: 4.7Kb)

photo: AP / Arshad Butt

Pakistani relatives of Saturday's bombing victims mourn next to their bodies in a mosque in Quetta, Pakistan, Sunday, Feb. 17, 2013.

Pakistan's Hazara Shias refuse to end protest

Al Jazeera

20 Feb 2013

Thousands of Hazara Shia Muslims in the southwestern Pakistani city of Quetta continue to refuse to bury their dead and end a sit-in that has entered its fourth day, despite community leaders calling off the protest. The protesters are demanding that the army be deployed to ensure their security, after the latest attack targeting their community on Saturday killed at least 84 people ... Other community leaders, however, disagreed ... Share ... ....(size: 8.2Kb)

timeline:
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21 George Strait songs prove that this isn't country star's first rodeo

Houston Chronicle

20 Feb 2013

By Joey Guerra . February 20, 2013 . Updated. February 20, 2013 3.36pm. Comments (0) E-mail Print. Tweet. Page 1 of 1. There's no way to comprehensively sum up George Strait's career, which has included almost 100 singles and more than 30 albums. Something will be left out. So that's not what we're trying to do here ... That there are 21 tunes is no coincidence ... The best pickup line in country music was also a hit for Tejano singer Ram Herrera ... ....(size: 6.2Kb)

Time to tell full story of Tejanos

my SA

19 Feb 2013

Perhaps that was because I had just had a long conversation with Rudi Rodriguez, who has made it his life's work to give all Texans more satisfying portions when it comes to the history of Tejanos. Notice the word, Tejano ... Tejano history and their contributions, Rodriguez argues, have been given relatively short shrift in the traditional telling of Texas history ... Did you know, for instance, that there were Tejano Texas Rangers?....(size: 3.2Kb)

Tejanos worked hard to spread activism

my SA

19 Feb 2013

If you believe civil rights for Latinos have improved dramatically since the 1950s, thank a Tejano. Thank the Tejano diaspora. “The Tejano Diaspora” is also the title of a new book by Notre Dame scholar Marc Simon Rodriguez, an associate professor of history and law ... But, from my reading, the template was at work just about any place Tejanos migrated during that critical civil rights period from the 1950s to the 1970s....(size: 3.4Kb)

A more complete history of Tejas/Texas

my SA

19 Feb 2013

This is, if you haven't guessed, a column about Tejanos ... If you say Tejano to most folks — if they don't think you're staking out some divisive, political ground — they think of Juan Seguín. As if the history of Tejanos began at the Alamo or the Battle of San Jacinto in 1836. But Alonso Álvarez de Pineda, a Spaniard, might arguably be the first Tejano ... Tejanos did not ... Tejanos have been absent....(size: 3.5Kb)

Univision Confirms Additional A-List Stars for Spectacular “Premio Lo Nuestro” 25th Anniversary Show (Univision Communications Inc)

noodls

19 Feb 2013

This group of confirmed presenters includes telenovela stars César Évora, Julion Gil, Lorena Rojas, Maite Perroni, and Gabriel Soto; actress, singer, former Miss Universe and recent runner-up in Univision's popular reality/dance competition "¡Mira Quién Baila!" (Look Who's Dancing!), Alicia Machado; celebrated Spanish- and English-language ......(size: 17.7Kb)

The Austin Music Map comes to life with MapJam

Austin American Statesman

18 Feb 2013

“The idea is to kind of let them experience the Music Map live and in 3D,” Hall says ... Another story centers on the karaoke scene at Ego’s ... A two-day music showcase featuring rhythms from Tejano to Latin rock, comes back to the Emma S ... The line-up is a mix of award-winning artists and emerging musicians, including Mariachi Los Toros Big Band Tejano (San Antonio), Rumores (Austin), Joel Guzman (Austin) and Mariachi Las Tejanitas (Austin)....(size: 6.7Kb)

Alamo letter doesn't begin to spell out the whole story of Travis

my SA

17 Feb 2013

In Texas history, the Alamo commander is depicted as a sword-waving adventurer whose courage helped secure independence from Mexico. But the full story of Lt. Col. William Barret Travis reveals a human, if not flawed, young officer who initially resisted command of the mission before leading an outnumbered force ... Antonio López de Santa Anna ... 11 ... At least 189 Texans, including several Tejanos, died in the March 6 assault or were executed ... ....(size: 6.2Kb)

Police yet to file raps vs man in farmer's slay

Sun Star

16 Feb 2013

POLICE have yet to file charges before the City Prosecution Office against a man who allegedly hacked to death a farmer on February 12 ... The suspect surrendered to barangay chief Nestor Mutya, after he learned that the victim died ... Tejano) ....(size: 1.1Kb)

Jennifer Lopez In Jenni Rivera Biopic Rumor Untrue [Report]

The Inquisitr

16 Feb 2013

Posted. February 16, 2013. Could Jennifer Lopez play late Mexican-American superstar Jenni Rivera?. Rumors abound that such a thing is actually in play, and that JLo is at the front of the line to portray Rivera in an upcoming biopic ... etc.” you never really know if it’s true or not. Lopez is well-known for having played late Mexican-American Tejano music star Selena Perez for the 1997 biopic Selena ... Category. Celebrity News ... ....(size: 2.3Kb)

A brief look at new Texas-related books on the shelf

Austin American Statesman

16 Feb 2013

The Children of the Revolución. How the Mexican Revolution Changed America. Lionel Sosa and Neftalí García. University of Texas Press, $39.95 ... team. Everyday Music. Alan Govenar ... Kenneth W ... Howell contends that Texas was the violent of all the Confederate states after the war, mainly because of continued disputes with Native Americans, struggles between Tejanos and and whites in South Texas, and ex-Confederate attacks on African-Americans ... ....(size: 3.2Kb)

Yao Ming será uno de los jueces para el Concurso de Mates

U~T San Diego

16 Feb 2013

Houston (EEUU), 15 feb (EFE) ... Tomjanovich perteneció a los Rockets durante 11 temporadas como profesional y fue jugador del Partido de las Estrellas en cinco ocasiones, además de dirigir al equipo durante 12 años, incluyendo las dos consecutivas en que el equipo tejano fue campeón de la NBA ... Comentarios (). Términos completos »Sea pertinente, respetuoso, honesto, discreto y responsable. Videos. Secciones ... An MLIM Company ... ....(size: 2.9Kb)

Theory of a Deadman to headline Fiesta Oyster Bake on April 20

The Examiner

16 Feb 2013

Canadian quartet Theory of a Deadman has been announced as the rock-stage headliner for the annual two-day Fiesta Oyster Bake on Saturday, April 20 at St. Mary's University ... ., which was released July 12, 2011 ... ... The Fiesta Oyster Bake, the official kickoff to San Antonio's annual 10-day city-wide Fiesta celebration, features multiple stages of various genres including rock, country, Tejano, jazz and pop ... Suggested by the author. ... ... ....(size: 6.7Kb)

Raul Yzaguirre School for Success serves students in southeast Houston

The Examiner

14 Feb 2013

Located in Southeast Houston, Raul Yzaguirre School for Success is an excellent example of charter schools in Texas at work. Raul Yzaguirre School for Success was established by the Tejano Center for Community Concerns and serves over 950 students in the primary, middle, and high school grade levels in the Houston area ... The elementary school in Houston is Recognized ... In the past, students have traveled to China ... Suggested by the author.....(size: 5.7Kb)

timeline:
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Tejano or Tex-Mex music is also a kind of music originating in Texas.

Tejanos
Total population
72px Lorenzo de Zavala • Juan Seguín • Selena • Henry B. Gonzalez • Eva Longoria • Robert Rodriguez

Tejanos 6,669,666 Americans up to 32.0% of the total Texan population in 2000^[1]
Regions with significant populations
Texas
Languages
American English, Spanish language, American Spanish, Spanglish, Indigenous languages of Mexico, Ladino
Religion
Predominantly Roman Catholic, Protestant, and Jewish
Related ethnic groups
Californios, Hispanos, Mexicans, Spaniards, Basques, Canarians, Texians, German Texan

Tejano or Texano (Spanish for "Texan") is a term used to identify a Texan of criollo spanish or Mexican heritage.

Historically, the Spanish term Tejano has been used to identify different groups of people. During the Spanish Colonial times and pre-Anglo colonization, the term primarily applied to Spanish settlers of the region now known as Texas (first as part of the New Spain and then in 1821 as part of Mexico).^[2] During the times of independent south Texas, the term also applied to Spanish-speaking Texans and Hispanicized Germans and other Europeans.^[3] In modern times, the term is more broadly used to identify a Texan of Mexican descent.

1 History
2 Etymology and usage
- 2.1 Ethnic and national origins
3 Culture
4 Famous Tejanos
5 See also
6 References
7 Further reading

History [link]

Spanish government [link]

Main article: Spanish Texas

Already in 1519, Alonso Alvarez de Pineda claimed Texas for Spain. However, Spain paid little attention to the province until 1685. In this year, Spain received news of the existence of a French colony in Texas that could endanger Spanish mines and shipping routes, so that the king of Spain sent 10 expeditions to the province to look for a French colony, that never came to see. Between 1690 and 1693 several Spanish expeditions took place in Texas, who helped obtain a better understanding of the place for the provincial government and the settlers who come later to Texas.

When settlers first arrived in Texas, Tejano settlements arose in three separate regions. The Northern Nacogdoches region, the Bexar–Goliad region along the San Antonio River, and the Rio Grande ranching frontier between the Nueces River and the Rio Grande River. These populations shared certain characteristics yet they were also independent from one another. The main unifying factor for these separate regions was their shared responsibility of defending the Tejas frontier. Some of the first Tejano settlers were from the Canary Islands. Their family units were among the first to settle at the Presidio of San Antonio de Béjar in 1731 (Modern-day San Antonio, Texas). Soon after, they established the first civil government in Texas at La Villa de San Fernando.

Ranching was a major activity in the Bexar-Goliad settlement, which consisted of a belt of ranches that extended along the San Antonio river between Bexar and Goliad. The Nacogdoches settlement was located in the North Texas region. Tejanos from Nacogdoches traded with the French and Anglo residents of Louisiana, and were culturally influenced by them. The third settlement was located North of the Rio Grande toward the Nueces River. These Southern ranchers were citizens of Spanish origin from Tamaulipas and Northern Mexico, and identified with both Spanish and Mexican culture.^[4] They were of the same stock as the original Tejano settlers. The Northern Mexican states of Nuevo León, Coahuila, and Tamaulipas seceded from Mexico in 1840 to establish la República del Río Grande (the Rio Grande Republic) with its capital in what is now Laredo, Texas. However, their much anticipated political marriage with their Tejano kin did not come to fruition.

Mexican government [link]

Main article: Mexican Texas

In 1821 at the end of the Mexican War of Independence, there were about 4,000 Tejanos living in what is now the U.S. state of Texas alongside a lesser number of immigrants. In the 1820s many settlers from the United States and other nations moved to Texas from the United States. The approval of the national colonization law, promoted the immigration of new settlers to Texas, so by 1830, the 30,000 settlers in Texas outnumbered the Hispanos Tejanos six to one.^[5] The Texians and Tejanos alike rebelled against the attempts of centralist authority of Mexico City and the measures implemented by Santa Anna. Tensions between the central Mexican government and the settlers eventually led to the Texas Revolution. After the revolution, many were dismayed by the treatments they received at the hands of Texians/Anglos, who suspected and accused the Tejanos of sabotage and of aiding Santa Anna.

20th century [link]

In Texas insurgents in Mexico in 1915 wrote a manifesto that was circulated in the town of San Diego, in South Texas. The manifesto "Plan de San Diego" called on Hispanics to reconquer the Southwest and kill all the Anglo men. Numerous cross-border raids took place and there were murders and sabotage, The Texas Rangers smashed the insurrection. Tejanos strongly repudiated the Plan and affirmed their American loyalty by founding the League of United Latin American Citizens (LULAC). It was headed by professionals, businessmen and modernizers, and became the central Tejano organization promoting civic pride and civil rights.^[6]

In 1963 Tejanos in Crystal City organized themselves, won the elections, and took control of the city and the school board. This move signaled the emergence of modern Tejano politics for a few years. ^[7] In 1969-70 a different Tejano coalition, the La Raza Unida Party, took control of the city. The new leader was José Angel Gutiérrez, a radical nationalist who worked to form a Chicano nationalist movement across the Southwest, 1969-79. He promoted cultural terminology (Chicano, Aztlan) designed to unite the militants; his movement split into competing factions in the late 1970s.^[8]

Etymology and usage [link]

In the Spanish language, the term "tejano" is simply the term to identify an individual from Texas regardless of race or ethnic background. During the Spanish Colonial Period of Texas, before Texas became a part of independent Mexico in 1821, many (but not all) colonial settlers of Northern New Spain, including Northern Mexico, Texas and the American Southwest, understood themselves to be and called themselves descendants of Spaniards,.^[9]

Tejanos may variously consider themselves to be Mexican, Chicano /Mexican-American, Spanish and Hispano in ancestral heritage.^[10] In urban areas, as well as some rural communities, Tejanos tend to be well integrated into both Hispanic and mainstream American cultures, and a number of them, especially among younger generations, identify more with the mainstream and may understand little or no Spanish.^{[citation needed]}

While a large number of the people who have come mostly from Central and Southern Mexico since the Mexican Revolution up until the present have drawn their identity from the mestizo culture (a mix of indigenous and Spanish cultures) and had their history and identity in the history of Mexico, a portion of the people whose ancestors colonized Texas as well as most of the present-day Northern Mexican states in the Spanish Colonial Period drew their identity from the Spaniards, or criollos, or the local populations such as the genizaros. Many of these find their history and identity in the history of Spain and of the United States as a consequence of the participation of Spain and its colonial provinces of Texas and Louisiana in the American Revolution.

Regional difference have caused those people of Texas, the colonial Tejanos or Tejano Texians, to identify more with the people of Louisiana, which was a Spanish colony, and of the U.S., rather than with the people of Central and Southern Mexico.

Ethnic and national origins [link]

This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (April 2012)

In the 2007 American Community Survey (ACS) data, Tejanos consist mostly of Mexican Americans whose ancestors arrived in Texas prior to and during the Mexican Revolution.^[11] Colonial Tejanos, who can be correctly identified as Tejano Texians, are descended from the colonists who pioneered Texas through the Spanish Colonial Period starting in the 17th century to 1820.

Culture [link]

Music [link]

Main article: Tejano music

In direct relation to this distinction, genuine Tejano music is related to, and sounds more like, the folk music of Louisiana, known as "Cajun music", blended with the sounds of Rock and Roll, R&B, Pop, and Country, with Mexican influences such as Mariachi. The American Cowboy culture and music was born from the meeting of the Anglo-American Texians who were colonists from the American South and the original Tejano Texian pioneers and their "vaquero" or "cow man" culture.^[12]^[13]^[14]^[15]

Food [link]

Main article: Tex-Mex cuisine

The cuisine that would come to be "Tex-Mex" originated with the Tejanos as a hybrid of Spanish and North American indigenous commodities with influences of the Mexican cuisine.^[16]

Tex-Mex cuisine is characterized by its heavy use of melted cheese, meat (particularly beef), beans, and spices, in addition to corn or flour tortillas. Chili con carne, crispy chalupas, chili con queso, enchiladas, and fajitas are all Tex-Mex inventions. A common feature of Tex-Mex is the combination plate, with several of the above on one large platter. Serving tortilla chips and a hot sauce or salsa as an appetizer is also an original Tex-Mex invention.^[17] Cabrito, barbacoa, carne seca, and other products of cattle culture have been common in the ranching cultures of South Texas and Northern Mexico. In the 20th century, Tex-Mex took on Americanized elements such as yellow cheese, as goods from the United States became cheap and readily available.^[18] Moreover, Tex-Mex has imported flavors from other spicy cuisines, such as the use of cumin.

Daniel D. Arreola states that there is a line of demarcation in the "South Texas Mexican" food region, using a "taco-burrito" and "taco-barbecue" line of demarcation. To the west of this line, Mexican food served in a flour tortilla is often called a burrito, due to the influence of the Mexican state of Chihuahua. To the south and east of this line, the same food may be simply called a taco, showing a Tex-Mex influence. To the north, this food gives way to barbecue sandwiches reflecting the influx of European, Southern Anglo, and African Americans.^[19]

Geography [link]

This unreferenced section requires citations to ensure verifiability.

The majority of Tejanos of both first generation (the first settlers) and those who descend from recent early and mid-20th century Mexican immigrants are concentrated in Southern Texas. Bexar County, especially San Antonio, is the historic center of Tejano culture.^{[citation needed]} Duval County has one of the highest concentrations of Tejanos.^{[citation needed]}

Famous Tejanos [link]

References [link]

^ Texas - QT-P9. Hispanic or Latino by Type: 2000 U.S. Census Bureau
^ http://www.tamu.edu/faculty/ccbn/dewitt/txweb/txwebmain.htm
^ http://www.tamu.edu/faculty/ccbn/dewitt/txweb/txwebmain.htm
^ Tejano Origins in Mexican Texas
^ "Tejano Patriots". bexargenealogy.com. Archived from the original on 2008-05-02. http://web.archive.org/web/20080502181031/http://bexargenealogy.com/index_Tejanos.htm. Retrieved 2008-10-04.
^ Benjamin H. Johnson, Revolution in Texas: how a forgotten rebellion and its bloody suppression turned Mexicans into Americans (2003).
^ Michael V. Miller, "Chicano Community Control in South Texas: Problems And Prospects," Journal of Ethnic Studies (1975) 3#3 pp 70-89.
^ Richard J. Jensen and John C. Hammerback, "Radical Nationalism Among Chicanos: The Rhetoric of José Angel Gutiérrez," Western Journal of Speech Communication: WJSC (1980) 44#3 pp 191-202
^ Census and Inspection Report of 1787 of the Colony of Nuevo Santander performed by Dragoon Captain Jose Tienda de Cuervo, Knight of the Order of Santago, with Historical Report by Fray Vicente Santa Maria.
^ Tejano History
^ Hispanics in Texas-Tejanos
^ Gene Hill,"Americans All, Americanos Todos"
^ Gilbert Y Chavez’ "Cowboys-Vaqueros, Origins of the First American Cowboys"
^ Lawrence Clayton, "Vaqueros, Cowboys and Buckaroos", 2001.
^ Alex Loya, chapter 15 "The Legacy and Heritage of the Spaniard Texians".
^ TSHA Online - Texas State Historical Association
^ Mexicans in the U.S.A: Mexican-American / Tex-Mex Cousine; by Etienne MARTINEZ
^ Robb Walsh. The Tex-Mex Cookbook (New York, Broadway Books, 2004), XVI
^ Arreola, Daniel David (2002). Tejano South Texas: A Mexican American Cultural Province. University of Texas Press. pp. 174–175. ISBN 0-292-70511-5. http://www.utexas.edu/utpress/books/arrtej.html.
^ Interview with Sarah Shahi
^ thelwordonline.com

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Bobby Pulido at the Chicano Festival 2011, Houston, Texas.

Roberto Pulido Jr. (born April 25, 1971), better known as Bobby Pulido, is a Mexican-American Tejano music performer who was born in Edinburg, Texas.

1 Family
2 Discography
3 Bobby Pulido Coleccion Vaquera
4 References
5 External links

Family [link]

Pulido's father, Roberto Pulido Sr., is an accomplished singer. Bobby often attended his father's concerts as a child. His sister is fellow singer Alma Pulido. Bobby attended Edinburg High School and was a drum major and also was part of the Edinburg High School Mariachi group. He was very talented even in his early years. Bobby is the pride of Edinburg for many young people who can only dream of making it in the music business. While attending St. Mary's University of San Antonio, Texas he joined the Kappa Sigma Fraternity but left his studies to pursue his singing career. He got married on August 21, 1996 to his old sweetheart from high school. He now has 2 boys Darian Pulido and Remy Pulido

Persondata
Name	Pulido, Bobby
Alternative names
Short description
Date of birth	April 25, 1971
Place of birth
Date of death
Place of death

This page contains text from Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bobby_Pulido

This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, which means that you can copy and modify it as long as the entire work (including additions) remains under this license.

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Contents

History [link]

Spanish government [link]

Mexican government [link]

20th century [link]

Etymology and usage [link]

Ethnic and national origins [link]

Culture [link]

Music [link]

Food [link]

Geography [link]

Famous Tejanos [link]

See also [link]

References [link]

Further reading [link]

Politics [link]

Religion [link]

Women [link]

Historiography [link]

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Contents

Family [link]

Discography [link]

Bobby Pulido Coleccion Vaquera [link]

References [link]

External links [link]

http://wn.com/Bobby_Pulido

Related pages:

http://es.wn.com/Bobby Pulido