- published: 09 Feb 2013
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- author: RussiaToday
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Brown University
Brown University is a private, Ivy League university located in Providence, Rhode Island, United States. Founded in 1764 prior to American independence from the British Empire as the College in the English Colony of Rhode Island and Providence Plantations early in the reign of King George III (1760–1820), Brown is the third oldest institution of higher education in New England and seventh oldest in the United States.
Brown was the first college in the nation to accept students regardless of religious affiliation. Academically, Brown consists of The College, Graduate School, Alpert Medical School, and the School of Engineering. Brown's international programs are organized through the Watson Institute for International Studies. The New Curriculum, instituted in 1969, eliminated distribution requirements and allows any course to be taken on a satisfactory/no credit basis. In addition, there are no pluses or minuses in the letter grading system. The school has the oldest undergraduate engineering program in the Ivy League (1847). Pembroke College, Brown's women's college, merged with the university in 1971. While Brown is considered a small research university with 689 full-time faculty and 2,000 graduate students, five of its professors and two of its alumni have been honored as Nobel Laureates. The faculty added 100 new professors in the past 10 years under the Boldly Brown campaign.
wn.com/Brown_University -
Haverford College
Coordinates: 40°00′35.00″N 75°18′25.98″W / 40.00972°N 75.3072167°W / 40.00972; -75.3072167
Haverford College is a private, coeducational liberal arts college located in Haverford, Pennsylvania, United States, a suburb of Philadelphia. All students of the College are undergraduates, and nearly all reside on campus.
The College was founded in 1833 by area members of the Orthodox Philadelphia Yearly Meeting of the Religious Society of Friends (Quakers) to ensure an education grounded in Quaker values for young Quaker men. Although the College no longer has a formal religious affiliation, the Quaker philosophy still influences campus life. Originally an all-male institution, Haverford began admitting female transfer students in the 1970s and became fully co-ed in 1980. Currently, more than half of Haverford's students are women. For most of the 20th century, Haverford's total enrollment was kept below 300, but the school went through two periods of expansion after the 1970s, and its current enrollment is 1,190 students.
wn.com/Haverford_College -
Japan
Japan
i/dʒəˈpæn/ (Japanese: 日本 Nihon or Nippon; formally 日本国 
Nippon-koku or Nihon-koku, literally the State of Japan) is an island nation in East Asia. Located in the Pacific Ocean, it lies to the east of the Sea of Japan, China, North Korea, South Korea and Russia, stretching from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north to the East China Sea and Taiwan in the south. The characters that make up Japan's name mean "sun-origin", which is why Japan is sometimes referred to as the "Land of the Rising Sun".
Japan is an archipelago of 6,852 islands. The four largest islands are Honshū, Hokkaidō, Kyūshū and Shikoku, together accounting for ninety-seven percent of Japan's land area. Japan has the world's tenth-largest population, with over 127 million people. The Greater Tokyo Area, which includes the de facto capital city of Tokyo and several surrounding prefectures, is the largest metropolitan area in the world, with over 30 million residents.
Archaeological research indicates that people lived in Japan as early as the Upper Paleolithic period. The first written mention of Japan is in Chinese history texts from the 1st century AD. Influence from other nations followed by long periods of isolation has characterized Japan's history. In the late 19th and early 20th centuries, victory in the First Sino-Japanese War, the Russo-Japanese War and World War I allowed Japan to expand its empire during a period of increasing militarism. The Second Sino-Japanese War of 1937 expanded into part of World War II in 1941, which came to an end in 1945 following the atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki. Since adopting its revised constitution in 1947, Japan has maintained a unitary constitutional monarchy with an emperor and an elected parliament called the Diet.
wn.com/Japan -
Princeton University
Princeton University is a private research university located in Princeton, New Jersey, United States.
It is one of the eight universities of the Ivy League, and one of the nine Colonial Colleges founded before the American Revolution. Princeton provides undergraduate and graduate instruction in the humanities, social sciences, natural sciences and engineering. Princeton does not have schools of medicine, law, divinity, or business, but it does offer professional degrees through the Woodrow Wilson School of Public and International Affairs, the Princeton University School of Engineering and Applied Science and the School of Architecture.
Founded in 1746 in Elizabeth, New Jersey, as the College of New Jersey, the university moved to Newark in 1747, then to Princeton in 1756 and was renamed Princeton University in 1896. The present-day College of New Jersey in nearby Ewing, New Jersey, is an unrelated institution. Princeton was the fourth chartered institution of higher education in the American colonies. Princeton had close ties to the Presbyterian Church, but has never been affiliated with any denomination and today imposes no religious requirements on its students.
wn.com/Princeton_University -
Singapore
Singapore (
i/ˈsɪŋəpɔər/ SI-ngə-pohr), officially the Republic of Singapore, is a Southeast Asian city-state off the southern tip of the Malay Peninsula, 137 kilometres (85 mi) north of the equator. An island country made up of 63 islands, it is separated from Malaysia by the Straits of Johor to its north and from Indonesia's Riau Islands by the Singapore Strait to its south. Singapore is highly urbanised but almost half of the country is covered by greenery. More land is being created for development through land reclamation.
wn.com/Singapore -
Stanford University
Coordinates: 37°26′N 122°10′W / 37.43°N 122.17°W / 37.43; -122.17
The Leland Stanford Junior University, commonly referred to as Stanford University or Stanford, is an American private research university located in Stanford, California on an 8,180-acre (3,310 ha) campus near Palo Alto, California, United States. It is situated in the northwestern Silicon Valley, approximately 20 miles (32 km) northwest of San Jose and 37 miles (60 km) southeast of San Francisco.
Leland Stanford, a Californian railroad tycoon and politician, and his wife Jane Lathrop Stanford founded the university in 1891 in honor of their son, Leland Stanford, Jr., who died of typhoid two months before his 16th birthday. The university was established as a coeducational and nondenominational institution, but struggled financially after the senior Stanford's 1893 death and after much of the campus was damaged by the 1906 San Francisco earthquake. Following World War II, Provost Frederick Terman supported faculty and graduates' entrepreneurialism to build self-sufficient local industry in what would become known as Silicon Valley. By 1970, Stanford was home to a linear accelerator, was one of the original four ARPANET nodes, and had transformed itself into a major research university in computer science, mathematics, natural sciences, and social sciences.
wn.com/Stanford_University -
United States
The United States of America (commonly abbreviated to the United States, the U.S., the USA, America, and the States) is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district. The country is situated mostly in central North America, where its forty-eight contiguous states and Washington, D.C., the capital district, lie between the Pacific and Atlantic Oceans, bordered by Canada to the north and Mexico to the south. The state of Alaska is in the northwest of the continent, with Canada to the east and Russia to the west, across the Bering Strait. The state of Hawaii is an archipelago in the mid-Pacific. The country also possesses several territories in the Pacific and Caribbean.
At 3.79 million square miles (9.83 million km2) and with over 312 million people, the United States is the third or fourth largest country by total area, and the third largest by both land area and population. It is one of the world's most ethnically diverse and multicultural nations, the product of large-scale immigration from many countries. The U.S. economy is the world's largest national economy, with an estimated 2011 GDP of $15.1 trillion (22% of nominal global GDP and over 19% of global GDP at purchasing-power parity). Per capita income is the world's sixth-highest.
wn.com/United_States -
White House
The White House is the official residence and principal workplace of the President of the United States. Located at 1600 Pennsylvania Avenue NW in Washington, D.C., the house was designed by Irish-born James Hoban, and built between 1792 and 1800 of white-painted Aquia sandstone in the Neoclassical style. It has been the residence of every U.S. president since John Adams. When Thomas Jefferson moved into the house in 1801, he (with architect Benjamin Henry Latrobe) expanded the building outward, creating two colonnades that were meant to conceal stables and storage.
In 1814, during the War of 1812, the mansion was set ablaze by the British Army in the Burning of Washington, destroying the interior and charring much of the exterior. Reconstruction began almost immediately, and President James Monroe moved into the partially reconstructed house in October 1817. Construction continued with the addition of the South Portico in 1824 and the North in 1829. Because of crowding within the executive mansion itself, President Theodore Roosevelt had all work offices relocated to the newly constructed West Wing in 1901. Eight years later, President William Howard Taft expanded the West Wing and created the first Oval Office which was eventually moved as the section was expanded. The third-floor attic was converted to living quarters in 1927 by augmenting the existing hip roof with long shed dormers. A newly constructed East Wing was used as a reception area for social events; Jefferson's colonnades connected the new wings. East Wing alterations were completed in 1946, creating additional office space. By 1948, the house's load-bearing exterior walls and internal wood beams were found to be close to failure. Under Harry S. Truman, the interior rooms were completely dismantled and a new internal load-bearing steel frame constructed inside the walls. Once this work was completed, the interior rooms were rebuilt.
wn.com/White_House -
Yale University
Yale University is an American private Ivy League research university located in New Haven, Connecticut. Founded in 1701 in the Colony of Connecticut, the university is the third-oldest institution of higher education in the United States.
Incorporated as the "Collegiate School," the institution traces its roots to 17th-century clergymen who sought to establish a college to train clergy and political leaders for the colony. In 1718, the College was renamed "Yale College" to honor a gift from Elihu Yale, a governor of the British East India Company. In 1861, the Graduate School of Arts and Sciences became the first U.S. school to award the PhD. Yale became a founding member of the Association of American Universities in 1900. Yale College was transformed, beginning in the 1930s, through the establishment of residential colleges: 12 now exist and two more are planned. Yale employs over 1,100 faculty to teach and advise about 5,300 undergraduate and 6,100 graduate and professional students. Almost all tenured professors teach undergraduate courses, more than 2,000 of which are offered annually.
wn.com/Yale_University
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Financial adviser
A financial adviser is a professional who helps clients to maintain the desired balance of investment income, capital gains, and acceptable level of risk by using proper asset allocation. Financial advisers use stock, bonds, mutual funds, real estate investment trusts (REITs), options, futures, notes, and insurance products to meet the needs of their clients. Many financial advisers receive a commission payment for the various financial products that they broker, although "fee-based" planning is becoming increasingly popular in the financial services industry.
A further distinction should be made between "fee-based" and "fee-only" advisers. Fee-based advisers often charge asset based fees but may also collect commissions. Fee-only advisers do not collect commissions or referral fees paid by other product or service providers.
Some investment advisers only charge a fee based on the assets managed for the client. Typically they charge about 1.0 to 1.5% per year to make the investment decisions for the client. They do not collect commissions.
wn.com/Financial_adviser -
Samuel Johnson
Samuel Johnson (18 September 1709 [O.S. 7 September] – 13 December 1784), often referred to as Dr Johnson, was an English author who made lasting contributions to English literature as a poet, essayist, moralist, literary critic, biographer, editor and lexicographer. Johnson was a devout Anglican and committed Tory, and has been described as "arguably the most distinguished man of letters in English history". He is also the subject of "the most famous single work of biographical art in the whole of literature": James Boswell's Life of Samuel Johnson.
Johnson was born in Lichfield, Staffordshire, and attended Pembroke College, Oxford for just over a year, before his lack of funds forced him to leave. After working as a teacher he moved to London, where he began to write miscellaneous pieces for The Gentleman's Magazine. His early works include the biography The Life of Richard Savage, the poems "London" and "The Vanity of Human Wishes", and the play Irene.
After nine years of work, Johnson's A Dictionary of the English Language was published in 1755; it had a far-reaching effect on Modern English and has been described as "one of the greatest single achievements of scholarship." This work brought Johnson popularity and success. Until the completion of the Oxford English Dictionary 150 years later, Johnson's was viewed as the pre-eminent British dictionary. His later works included essays, an influential annotated edition of William Shakespeare's plays, and the widely read tale Rasselas. In 1763, he befriended James Boswell, with whom he later travelled to Scotland; Johnson described their travels in A Journey to the Western Islands of Scotland. Towards the end of his life, he produced the massive and influential Lives of the Most Eminent English Poets, a collection of biographies and evaluations of 17th- and 18th-century poets.
wn.com/Samuel_Johnson
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'US hides real debt, in worse shape than Greece'
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 14:13
- Updated: 06 Mar 2013
The US national debt is twenty times higher than is officially reported, approaching $222 trillion, and today's children could soon be paying their parent's ...
http://wn.com/'US_hides_real_debt,_in_worse_shape_than_Greece'
The US national debt is twenty times higher than is officially reported, approaching $222 trillion, and today's children could soon be paying their parent's ...
Casey Anthony Video 2013: Caylee Anthony's Mother Back in Court Over Debt
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 2:37
- Updated: 06 Mar 2013
With close to $800000 in debt, Casey Anthony attends bankruptcy hearing. For more on this story, click here: http://abcnews.go.com/US/wireStory/casey-anthon...
http://wn.com/Casey_Anthony_Video_2013_Caylee_Anthony's_Mother_Back_in_Court_Over_Debt
With close to $800000 in debt, Casey Anthony attends bankruptcy hearing. For more on this story, click here: http://abcnews.go.com/US/wireStory/casey-anthon...
- published: 05 Mar 2013
- views: 927
- author: ABCNews
Money As Debt
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 47:08
- Updated: 06 Mar 2013
Paul Grignon's 47-minute animated presentation of "Money as Debt" tells in very simple and effective graphic terms what money is and how it is being created....
http://wn.com/Money_As_Debt
Paul Grignon's 47-minute animated presentation of "Money as Debt" tells in very simple and effective graphic terms what money is and how it is being created....
- published: 09 May 2012
- views: 22110
- author: RadioIlluminaticom
The Debt Limit Explained
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:49
- Updated: 06 Mar 2013
The United States debt limit explained. CGPGrey T-shirts: http://goo.gl/1Wlnd Blog: http://www.cgpgrey.com/blog/the-debt-limit-explained * http://www.youtube...
http://wn.com/The_Debt_Limit_Explained
The United States debt limit explained. CGPGrey T-shirts: http://goo.gl/1Wlnd Blog: http://www.cgpgrey.com/blog/the-debt-limit-explained * http://www.youtube...
- published: 21 Jan 2013
- views: 1794180
- author: CGPGrey
Dicing with Debt
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 42:30
- Updated: 07 Dec 2012
We think of Greece as the most indebted Euro country. In fact Ireland is in as bad a financial situation and still at risk of going bankrupt - the only difference, the Irish didn't go straight out and burn the banks. And neither were they allowed to right off a significant chunk of their debt. This shocking investigation details the full story, from out of control criminal lending practises to brutal austerity measures. At it's core it asks why the ordinar.
http://wn.com/Dicing_with_Debt
We think of Greece as the most indebted Euro country. In fact Ireland is in as bad a financial situation and still at risk of going bankrupt - the only difference, the Irish didn't go straight out and burn the banks. And neither were they allowed to right off a significant chunk of their debt. This shocking investigation details the full story, from out of control criminal lending practises to brutal austerity measures. At it's core it asks why the ordinar.
- published: 14 Mar 2012
- views: 96
- author: JourneymanVOD
Charlie Rose - Excerpt from the Joe Scarborough and Paul Krugman debate debt (03/04/13)
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 4:16
- Updated: 06 Mar 2013
Excerpt from the Joe Scarborough and Paul Krugman debate debt www.CharlieRose.com.
http://wn.com/Charlie_Rose_Excerpt_from_the_Joe_Scarborough_and_Paul_Krugman_debate_debt_03_04_13
Excerpt from the Joe Scarborough and Paul Krugman debate debt www.CharlieRose.com.
- published: 05 Mar 2013
- views: 530
- author: CharlieRose
No pledged share; debt in control: Kolte-Patil Developers
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 4:22
- Updated: 06 Mar 2013
Shares in Kolte-Patil Developers have seen volatile moves over the past week. The management explains that there are no promoter shares that are pledged in t...
http://wn.com/No_pledged_share;_debt_in_control_Kolte-Patil_Developers
Shares in Kolte-Patil Developers have seen volatile moves over the past week. The management explains that there are no promoter shares that are pledged in t...
- published: 06 Mar 2013
- views: 31
- author: ndtv
The National Debt and Federal Budget Deficit Deconstructed - Tony Robbins
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 19:40
- Updated: 06 Mar 2013
http://www.tonyrobbins.com/ Watch Tony Robbins discuss the $15 trillion U.S. national debt -- how big is it really? And what can we do about the enormous fed...
http://wn.com/The_National_Debt_and_Federal_Budget_Deficit_Deconstructed_Tony_Robbins
http://www.tonyrobbins.com/ Watch Tony Robbins discuss the $15 trillion U.S. national debt -- how big is it really? And what can we do about the enormous fed...
- published: 02 Apr 2012
- views: 346447
- author: Tony Robbins
CAG report on farm debt waiver scheme reveals lapses
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 6:19
- Updated: 06 Mar 2013
The Comptroller and Auditor General's (CAG) final report on the farm debt waiver scheme highlighted loopholes and pointed out irregularities in implementatio...
http://wn.com/CAG_report_on_farm_debt_waiver_scheme_reveals_lapses
The Comptroller and Auditor General's (CAG) final report on the farm debt waiver scheme highlighted loopholes and pointed out irregularities in implementatio...
- published: 05 Mar 2013
- views: 44
- author: ibnlive
Chains of A Global Debt System
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 42:10
- Updated: 06 Mar 2013
Katherine talks with Adrian Salbuchi, an internationally-renowned Argentine author, political analyst, speaker and radio television commentator. [TWITTER] ht...
http://wn.com/Chains_of_A_Global_Debt_System
Katherine talks with Adrian Salbuchi, an internationally-renowned Argentine author, political analyst, speaker and radio television commentator. [TWITTER] ht...
- published: 05 Mar 2013
- views: 14023
- author: TheAlexJonesChannel
Fox News Reporting: Showdown On Debt Row - Constitution - Part 1
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 8:08
- Updated: 04 Mar 2013
Fox News Reporting: Showdown On Debt Row - Constitution - Part 1 http://www.foxnews.com/
http://wn.com/Fox_News_Reporting_Showdown_On_Debt_Row_Constitution_Part_1
Fox News Reporting: Showdown On Debt Row - Constitution - Part 1 http://www.foxnews.com/
- published: 04 Mar 2013
- views: 63
- author: Massteaparty
Debt Despair: UK plagued by suicides as austerity shows no mercy
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:14
- Updated: 04 Mar 2013
Suicide rates are soaring in the UK, with money worries pushing many over the edge. Cuts to mental health services and aggressive debt-collecting are cited b...
http://wn.com/Debt_Despair_UK_plagued_by_suicides_as_austerity_shows_no_mercy
Suicide rates are soaring in the UK, with money worries pushing many over the edge. Cuts to mental health services and aggressive debt-collecting are cited b...
- published: 17 Feb 2013
- views: 14313
- author: RussiaToday
Keiser Report: Debt Junkie Nation (E405)
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 25:46
- Updated: 06 Mar 2013
In this episode of the Keiser Report, Max Keiser and Stacy Herbert discuss the money printing cargo cults leading to a post-industrial nation of debt addicts...
http://wn.com/Keiser_Report_Debt_Junkie_Nation_E405
In this episode of the Keiser Report, Max Keiser and Stacy Herbert discuss the money printing cargo cults leading to a post-industrial nation of debt addicts...
- published: 12 Feb 2013
- views: 32761
- author: RussiaToday
Egyptian Debt Threatens Tahrir Square's Promise of Freedom
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 6:01
- Updated: 05 Mar 2013
As the U.S and the IMF apply pressure to the Egyptian government to cut public spending and pay a high interest rate on debts incurred during the previous re...
http://wn.com/Egyptian_Debt_Threatens_Tahrir_Square's_Promise_of_Freedom
As the U.S and the IMF apply pressure to the Egyptian government to cut public spending and pay a high interest rate on debts incurred during the previous re...
- published: 03 Mar 2013
- views: 750
- author: TheRealNews
Understanding the National Debt and Budget Deficit
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 6:34
- Updated: 06 Mar 2013
Are you ready for a Nerdy Valentines Day? http://bit.ly/WekHqK In which John discusses the US national debt, the federal budget deficit, plans for shrinking ...
http://wn.com/Understanding_the_National_Debt_and_Budget_Deficit
Are you ready for a Nerdy Valentines Day? http://bit.ly/WekHqK In which John discusses the US national debt, the federal budget deficit, plans for shrinking ...
- published: 23 Oct 2012
- views: 436731
- author: vlogbrothers
Life and Debt - Jamaican Documentary
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 86:07
- Updated: 04 Mar 2013
Life and Debt is a 2001 American documentary film directed by Stephanie Black. It examines the economic and social situation in Jamaica, and specifically the...
http://wn.com/Life_and_Debt_Jamaican_Documentary
Life and Debt is a 2001 American documentary film directed by Stephanie Black. It examines the economic and social situation in Jamaica, and specifically the...
- published: 07 Feb 2013
- views: 2670
- author: LaCasa delReggae
![Global ECONOMIC Collapse 2012 [WORLD DEBT CRISIS]](http://web.archive.org./web/20130307184551im_/http://i.ytimg.com/vi/FPPUgykDc1g/default.jpg "Global ECONOMIC Collapse 2012 [WORLD DEBT CRISIS]")
Global ECONOMIC Collapse 2012 [WORLD DEBT CRISIS]
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 5:13
- Updated: 06 Mar 2013
GLOBAL ECONOMIC CRISIS: 2007--2012 global financial crisis, is considered by many economists to be the worst financial crisis since the Great Depression of t...
http://wn.com/Global_ECONOMIC_Collapse_2012_WORLD_DEBT_CRISIS_
GLOBAL ECONOMIC CRISIS: 2007--2012 global financial crisis, is considered by many economists to be the worst financial crisis since the Great Depression of t...
- published: 13 Aug 2012
- views: 41040
- author: CapitalWatch
Money As Debt 1: what money is & why we are bankers' slaves
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 10:03
- Updated: 05 Mar 2013
What is money? How is it created? http://outsidethebluepillcave.blogspot.com/2009/09/money-as-debt-what-is-money-how-is-it.html Summary of 9/11 scepticism: h...
http://wn.com/Money_As_Debt_1_what_money_is_why_we_are_bankers'_slaves
What is money? How is it created? http://outsidethebluepillcave.blogspot.com/2009/09/money-as-debt-what-is-money-how-is-it.html Summary of 9/11 scepticism: h...
- published: 11 Nov 2007
- views: 168651
- author: acrobat741
Fiscal Fears: 'Extending US debt like giving a drunk more vodka'
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 5:35
- Updated: 01 Mar 2013
Consumer confidence in the largest economy in the world - the US - has dropped to lowest level in 4 months in December. The fiscal cliff is still there, no d...
http://wn.com/Fiscal_Fears_'Extending_US_debt_like_giving_a_drunk_more_vodka'
Consumer confidence in the largest economy in the world - the US - has dropped to lowest level in 4 months in December. The fiscal cliff is still there, no d...
- published: 28 Dec 2012
- views: 8230
- author: RussiaToday
Fox News Reporting: Showdown On Debt Row - Part 5 - Sequester Spending Out Of Control
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 7:33
- Updated: 04 Mar 2013
Releasing Illegal Aliens - Obama Photo Ops Fox News Reporting Showdown On Debt Row - Part 5 - Sequester Spending Out Of Control.
http://wn.com/Fox_News_Reporting_Showdown_On_Debt_Row_Part_5_Sequester_Spending_Out_Of_Control
Releasing Illegal Aliens - Obama Photo Ops Fox News Reporting Showdown On Debt Row - Part 5 - Sequester Spending Out Of Control.
- published: 04 Mar 2013
- views: 44
- author: Massteaparty
The Debt Ceiling Explained: Why You Should Care
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:48
- Updated: 24 Feb 2013
The Federal Debt Ceiling is a looming catastrophe one day and a crisis averted the next. It seems a never-ending cycle. WSJ's David Wessel explains the basic...
http://wn.com/The_Debt_Ceiling_Explained_Why_You_Should_Care
The Federal Debt Ceiling is a looming catastrophe one day and a crisis averted the next. It seems a never-ending cycle. WSJ's David Wessel explains the basic...
- published: 04 Feb 2013
- views: 1592
- author: WSJDigitalNetwork
Fox News Reporting: Showdown On Debt Row - Constitution - Part 4 - Sequester As Apocalypse
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 7:08
- Updated: 04 Mar 2013
Releasing Criminal Illegal Aliens! Fox News Reporting Showdown On Debt Row - Part 4 - Sequester As Apocalypse Could Life In America Be The Same?
http://wn.com/Fox_News_Reporting_Showdown_On_Debt_Row_Constitution_Part_4_Sequester_As_Apocalypse
Releasing Criminal Illegal Aliens! Fox News Reporting Showdown On Debt Row - Part 4 - Sequester As Apocalypse Could Life In America Be The Same?
- published: 04 Mar 2013
- views: 34
- author: Massteaparty
European Debt Crisis Explained
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 35:02
- Updated: 18 Sep 2012
The European debt crisis explained: The debt levels around the globe are unprecedented in peacetime. The odds of restructurings and/or defaults are higher th...
http://wn.com/European_Debt_Crisis_Explained
The European debt crisis explained: The debt levels around the globe are unprecedented in peacetime. The odds of restructurings and/or defaults are higher th...
- published: 18 Dec 2011
- views: 312372
- author: CiovaccoCapital
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Money as Debt II Promises Unleashed (1 of 8)
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 9:56
- Updated: 01 Jan 1970
Quick and easy way to accumlate silver
http://silversnowball.com/1861/
Click for full playlist:
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_doYllBk5No&feature;=PlayList&p;=879A14495D29C64F&index;=0&playnext;=1
Bailouts, stimulus packages, debt piled upon debt, where will it all end?
How did we get into a situation where there has never been more material wealth & productivity and yet everyone is in debt to bankers?
And now, all of a sudden, the bankers have no money and we the taxpayers, have to rescue them by going even further into debt!
Money as Debt II Explores the baffling, fraudulent and destructive arithmetic of the money system that holds us hostage to a forever growing DEBT...and how we might evolve beyond it into a new era.
http://www.moneyasdebt.net/
http://wn.com/Money_as_Debt_II_Promises_Unleashed_1_of_8
Quick and easy way to accumlate silver
http://silversnowball.com/1861/
Click for full playlist:
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_doYllBk5No&feature;=PlayList&p;=879A14495D29C64F&index;=0&playnext;=1
Bailouts, stimulus packages, debt piled upon debt, where will it all end?
How did we get into a situation where there has never been more material wealth & productivity and yet everyone is in debt to bankers?
And now, all of a sudden, the bankers have no money and we the taxpayers, have to rescue them by going even further into debt!
Money as Debt II Explores the baffling, fraudulent and destructive arithmetic of the money system that holds us hostage to a forever growing DEBT...and how we might evolve beyond it into a new era.
http://www.moneyasdebt.net/
- published: 12 Jul 2009
- views: 263523
- author: compelled2283
Money as Debt II Promises Unleashed (2 of 8)
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 9:56
- Updated: 01 Jan 1970
Quick and easy way to accumlate silver
http://silversnowball.com/1861/
Bailouts, stimulus packages, debt piled upon debt, where will it all end?
How did we get into a situation where there has never been more material wealth & productivity and yet everyone is in debt to bankers?
And now, all of a sudden, the bankers have no money and we the taxpayers, have to rescue them by going even further into debt!
Money as Debt II Explores the baffling, fraudulent and destructive arithmetic of the money system that holds us hostage to a forever growing DEBT...and how we might evolve beyond it into a new era.
http://www.moneyasdebt.net/
http://wn.com/Money_as_Debt_II_Promises_Unleashed_2_of_8
Quick and easy way to accumlate silver
http://silversnowball.com/1861/
Bailouts, stimulus packages, debt piled upon debt, where will it all end?
How did we get into a situation where there has never been more material wealth & productivity and yet everyone is in debt to bankers?
And now, all of a sudden, the bankers have no money and we the taxpayers, have to rescue them by going even further into debt!
Money as Debt II Explores the baffling, fraudulent and destructive arithmetic of the money system that holds us hostage to a forever growing DEBT...and how we might evolve beyond it into a new era.
http://www.moneyasdebt.net/
- published: 12 Jul 2009
- views: 119608
- author: compelled2283
Money as Debt II Promises Unleashed (3 of 8)
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 9:55
- Updated: 01 Jan 1970
Quick and easy way to accumlate silver
http://silversnowball.com/1861/
Bailouts, stimulus packages, debt piled upon debt, where will it all end?
How did we get into a situation where there has never been more material wealth & productivity and yet everyone is in debt to bankers?
And now, all of a sudden, the bankers have no money and we the taxpayers, have to rescue them by going even further into debt!
Money as Debt II Explores the baffling, fraudulent and destructive arithmetic of the money system that holds us hostage to a forever growing DEBT...and how w might evolve beyond it into a new era.
http://www.moneyasdebt.net/
http://wn.com/Money_as_Debt_II_Promises_Unleashed_3_of_8
Quick and easy way to accumlate silver
http://silversnowball.com/1861/
Bailouts, stimulus packages, debt piled upon debt, where will it all end?
How did we get into a situation where there has never been more material wealth & productivity and yet everyone is in debt to bankers?
And now, all of a sudden, the bankers have no money and we the taxpayers, have to rescue them by going even further into debt!
Money as Debt II Explores the baffling, fraudulent and destructive arithmetic of the money system that holds us hostage to a forever growing DEBT...and how w might evolve beyond it into a new era.
http://www.moneyasdebt.net/
- published: 12 Jul 2009
- views: 98477
- author: compelled2283
Money as Debt II Promises Unleashed (4 of 8)
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 9:56
- Updated: 01 Jan 1970
Quick and easy way to accumlate silver
http://silversnowball.com/1861/
Bailouts, stimulus packages, debt piled upon debt, where will it all end?
How did we get into a situation where there has never been more material wealth & productivity and yet everyone is in debt to bankers?
And now, all of a sudden, the bankers have no money and we the taxpayers, have to rescue them by going even further into debt!
Money as Debt II Explores the baffling, fraudulent and destructive arithmetic of the money system that holds us hostage to a forever growing DEBT...and how w might evolve beyond it into a new era.
http://www.moneyasdebt.net/
http://wn.com/Money_as_Debt_II_Promises_Unleashed_4_of_8
Quick and easy way to accumlate silver
http://silversnowball.com/1861/
Bailouts, stimulus packages, debt piled upon debt, where will it all end?
How did we get into a situation where there has never been more material wealth & productivity and yet everyone is in debt to bankers?
And now, all of a sudden, the bankers have no money and we the taxpayers, have to rescue them by going even further into debt!
Money as Debt II Explores the baffling, fraudulent and destructive arithmetic of the money system that holds us hostage to a forever growing DEBT...and how w might evolve beyond it into a new era.
http://www.moneyasdebt.net/
- published: 12 Jul 2009
- views: 82588
- author: compelled2283
Money as Debt II Promises Unleashed (5 of 8)
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 9:56
- Updated: 01 Jan 1970
Quick easy way to accumulate silver
http://silversnowball.com/1861/
Bailouts, stimulus packages, debt piled upon debt, where will it all end?
How did we get into a situation where there has never been more material wealth & productivity and yet everyone is in debt to bankers?
And now, all of a sudden, the bankers have no money and we the taxpayers, have to rescue them by going even further into debt!
Money as Debt II Explores the baffling, fraudulent and destructive arithmetic of the money system that holds us hostage to a forever growing DEBT...and how w might evolve beyond it into a new era.
http://www.moneyasdebt.net/
http://wn.com/Money_as_Debt_II_Promises_Unleashed_5_of_8
Quick easy way to accumulate silver
http://silversnowball.com/1861/
Bailouts, stimulus packages, debt piled upon debt, where will it all end?
How did we get into a situation where there has never been more material wealth & productivity and yet everyone is in debt to bankers?
And now, all of a sudden, the bankers have no money and we the taxpayers, have to rescue them by going even further into debt!
Money as Debt II Explores the baffling, fraudulent and destructive arithmetic of the money system that holds us hostage to a forever growing DEBT...and how w might evolve beyond it into a new era.
http://www.moneyasdebt.net/
- published: 12 Jul 2009
- views: 74062
- author: compelled2283
Money as Debt II Promises Unleashed (6 of 8)
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 9:56
- Updated: 01 Jan 1970
Quick easy way to accumulate silver
http://silversnowball.com/1861/
Bailouts, stimulus packages, debt piled upon debt, where will it all end?
How did we get into a situation where there has never been more material wealth & productivity and yet everyone is in debt to bankers?
And now, all of a sudden, the bankers have no money and we the taxpayers, have to rescue them by going even further into debt!
Money as Debt II Explores the baffling, fraudulent and destructive arithmetic of the money system that holds us hostage to a forever growing DEBT...and how w might evolve beyond it into a new era.
http://www.moneyasdebt.net/
http://wn.com/Money_as_Debt_II_Promises_Unleashed_6_of_8
Quick easy way to accumulate silver
http://silversnowball.com/1861/
Bailouts, stimulus packages, debt piled upon debt, where will it all end?
How did we get into a situation where there has never been more material wealth & productivity and yet everyone is in debt to bankers?
And now, all of a sudden, the bankers have no money and we the taxpayers, have to rescue them by going even further into debt!
Money as Debt II Explores the baffling, fraudulent and destructive arithmetic of the money system that holds us hostage to a forever growing DEBT...and how w might evolve beyond it into a new era.
http://www.moneyasdebt.net/
- published: 12 Jul 2009
- views: 64723
- author: compelled2283
Money as Debt II Promises Unleashed (7 of 8)
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 9:55
- Updated: 01 Jan 1970
Quick easy way to accumulate silver
http://silversnowball.com/1861/
Bailouts, stimulus packages, debt piled upon debt, where will it all end?
How did we get into a situation where there has never been more material wealth & productivity and yet everyone is in debt to bankers?
And now, all of a sudden, the bankers have no money and we the taxpayers, have to rescue them by going even further into debt!
Money as Debt II Explores the baffling, fraudulent and destructive arithmetic of the money system that holds us hostage to a forever growing DEBT...and how we might evolve beyond it into a new era.
http://www.moneyasdebt.net/
http://wn.com/Money_as_Debt_II_Promises_Unleashed_7_of_8
Quick easy way to accumulate silver
http://silversnowball.com/1861/
Bailouts, stimulus packages, debt piled upon debt, where will it all end?
How did we get into a situation where there has never been more material wealth & productivity and yet everyone is in debt to bankers?
And now, all of a sudden, the bankers have no money and we the taxpayers, have to rescue them by going even further into debt!
Money as Debt II Explores the baffling, fraudulent and destructive arithmetic of the money system that holds us hostage to a forever growing DEBT...and how we might evolve beyond it into a new era.
http://www.moneyasdebt.net/
- published: 12 Jul 2009
- views: 61615
- author: compelled2283
Money as Debt II Promises Unleashed (8 of 8)
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 8:01
- Updated: 01 Jan 1970
Quick easy way to accumulate silver
http://silversnowball.com/1861/
Bailouts, stimulus packages, debt piled upon debt, where will it all end?
How did we get into a situation where there has never been more material wealth & productivity and yet everyone is in debt to bankers?
And now, all of a sudden, the bankers have no money and we the taxpayers, have to rescue them by going even further into debt!
Money as Debt II Explores the baffling, fraudulent and destructive arithmetic of the money system that holds us hostage to a forever growing DEBT...and how we might evolve beyond it into a new era.
http://www.moneyasdebt.net/
http://wn.com/Money_as_Debt_II_Promises_Unleashed_8_of_8
Quick easy way to accumulate silver
http://silversnowball.com/1861/
Bailouts, stimulus packages, debt piled upon debt, where will it all end?
How did we get into a situation where there has never been more material wealth & productivity and yet everyone is in debt to bankers?
And now, all of a sudden, the bankers have no money and we the taxpayers, have to rescue them by going even further into debt!
Money as Debt II Explores the baffling, fraudulent and destructive arithmetic of the money system that holds us hostage to a forever growing DEBT...and how we might evolve beyond it into a new era.
http://www.moneyasdebt.net/
- published: 12 Jul 2009
- views: 61737
- author: compelled2283
Send this Playlist by SMS
Email this Page
Money As Debt (2 of 5)
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 10:00
- Updated: 01 Jan 1970
Quick and easy way to purchase silver:
http://silversnowball.com/1861/
Paul Grignon's 47-minute animated presentation of "Money as Debt" tells in very simple and effective graphic terms what money is and how it is being created. It is an entertaining way to get the message out. The Cowichan Citizens Coalition and its "Duncan Initiative" received high praise from those who previewed it. I recommend it as a painless but hard-hitting educational tool and encourage the widest distribution and use by all groups concerned with the present unsustainable monetary system in Canada and the United States.
http://wn.com/Money_As_Debt_2_of_5
Quick and easy way to purchase silver:
http://silversnowball.com/1861/
Paul Grignon's 47-minute animated presentation of "Money as Debt" tells in very simple and effective graphic terms what money is and how it is being created. It is an entertaining way to get the message out. The Cowichan Citizens Coalition and its "Duncan Initiative" received high praise from those who previewed it. I recommend it as a painless but hard-hitting educational tool and encourage the widest distribution and use by all groups concerned with the present unsustainable monetary system in Canada and the United States.
- published: 13 Mar 2008
- views: 359431
- author: compelled2283
Money As Debt (3 of 5)
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 10:00
- Updated: 01 Jan 1970
Quick and easy way to purchase silver:
http://silversnowball.com/1861/
Paul Grignon's 47-minute animated presentation of "Money as Debt" tells in very simple and effective graphic terms what money is and how it is being created. It is an entertaining way to get the message out. The Cowichan Citizens Coalition and its "Duncan Initiative" received high praise from those who previewed it. I recommend it as a painless but hard-hitting educational tool and encourage the widest distribution and use by all groups concerned with the present unsustainable monetary system in Canada and the United States.
http://wn.com/Money_As_Debt_3_of_5
Quick and easy way to purchase silver:
http://silversnowball.com/1861/
Paul Grignon's 47-minute animated presentation of "Money as Debt" tells in very simple and effective graphic terms what money is and how it is being created. It is an entertaining way to get the message out. The Cowichan Citizens Coalition and its "Duncan Initiative" received high praise from those who previewed it. I recommend it as a painless but hard-hitting educational tool and encourage the widest distribution and use by all groups concerned with the present unsustainable monetary system in Canada and the United States.
- published: 13 Mar 2008
- views: 229201
- author: compelled2283
Money As Debt (4 of 5)
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 9:58
- Updated: 01 Jan 1970
Quick and easy way to purchase silver:
http://silversnowball.com/1861/
Paul Grignon's 47-minute animated presentation of "Money as Debt" tells in very simple and effective graphic terms what money is and how it is being created. It is an entertaining way to get the message out. The Cowichan Citizens Coalition and its "Duncan Initiative" received high praise from those who previewed it. I recommend it as a painless but hard-hitting educational tool and encourage the widest distribution and use by all groups concerned with the present unsustainable monetary system in Canada and the United States.
http://wn.com/Money_As_Debt_4_of_5
Quick and easy way to purchase silver:
http://silversnowball.com/1861/
Paul Grignon's 47-minute animated presentation of "Money as Debt" tells in very simple and effective graphic terms what money is and how it is being created. It is an entertaining way to get the message out. The Cowichan Citizens Coalition and its "Duncan Initiative" received high praise from those who previewed it. I recommend it as a painless but hard-hitting educational tool and encourage the widest distribution and use by all groups concerned with the present unsustainable monetary system in Canada and the United States.
- published: 13 Mar 2008
- views: 186246
- author: compelled2283
Send this Playlist by SMS
Email this Page
Money As Debt 1 of 5 - Money As Debt Full HQ Video
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 9:46
- Updated: 01 Jan 1970
Money As Debt Part 1 of 5 Full HQ Video - www.moneyasdebt.net/ - http://FreeSilverBars.com - Click Now and Claim Your FREE .999 Fine Silver Rhino Bar
Trade In Your Paper Money While You Can!! http://www.isnmoderncoins.com/?site=silverprophets - **Would You Like To Know To Get Free Silver Eagles Every Month?**
The full series of Money As Debt Videos on YouTube comes in 5 easy to watch parts and should be watched by everyone.
Watching Paul Grignons Money As Debt Part 1 of 5 should inspire you to take control of your future by investing in REAL Silver coins and bullion NOW ahead of the masses.
History has shown that every paper monetary system ultimately collapses and is how we get the phrase cash is trash.
"We are absolutely without a permanent money system...
It is the most important subject intelligent persons can investigate and reflect upon.
It is so important that our present civilization may collapse unless it becomes widely understood and the defects remedied very soon."
Robert H. Hemphill, Credit Manager
Federal Reserve Bank of Atlanta, Georgia (1935)
In the foreword to a book by Irving Fisher, entitled 100% Money (1935)
"Each and every time a bank makes a loan (or purchases securities), new bank credit is created — new deposits — brand new money."
Graham F. Towers, Director, Bank of Canada
http://www.bankofcanada.ca/en/bios/to...
http://www.michaeljournal.org/appenE.htm
"The process by which banks create money is so simple the mind is repelled."
John Kenneth Galbraith, Economist
http://www.johnkennethgalbraith.com/i...
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Ken...
http://www.brainyquote.com/quotes/aut...
Buy REAL Silver Bullion Coins NOW - BELOW SPOT PRICE:
http://www.SilverProphets.com and earn FREE silver.
http://wn.com/Money_As_Debt_1_of_5_Money_As_Debt_Full_HQ_Video
Money As Debt Part 1 of 5 Full HQ Video - www.moneyasdebt.net/ - http://FreeSilverBars.com - Click Now and Claim Your FREE .999 Fine Silver Rhino Bar
Trade In Your Paper Money While You Can!! http://www.isnmoderncoins.com/?site=silverprophets - **Would You Like To Know To Get Free Silver Eagles Every Month?**
The full series of Money As Debt Videos on YouTube comes in 5 easy to watch parts and should be watched by everyone.
Watching Paul Grignons Money As Debt Part 1 of 5 should inspire you to take control of your future by investing in REAL Silver coins and bullion NOW ahead of the masses.
History has shown that every paper monetary system ultimately collapses and is how we get the phrase cash is trash.
"We are absolutely without a permanent money system...
It is the most important subject intelligent persons can investigate and reflect upon.
It is so important that our present civilization may collapse unless it becomes widely understood and the defects remedied very soon."
Robert H. Hemphill, Credit Manager
Federal Reserve Bank of Atlanta, Georgia (1935)
In the foreword to a book by Irving Fisher, entitled 100% Money (1935)
"Each and every time a bank makes a loan (or purchases securities), new bank credit is created — new deposits — brand new money."
Graham F. Towers, Director, Bank of Canada
http://www.bankofcanada.ca/en/bios/to...
http://www.michaeljournal.org/appenE.htm
"The process by which banks create money is so simple the mind is repelled."
John Kenneth Galbraith, Economist
http://www.johnkennethgalbraith.com/i...
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Ken...
http://www.brainyquote.com/quotes/aut...
Buy REAL Silver Bullion Coins NOW - BELOW SPOT PRICE:
http://www.SilverProphets.com and earn FREE silver.
- published: 23 Feb 2010
- views: 20789
- author: MoneyAsDebtFullVideo
Money As Debt 2 of 5 - Money As Debt Full Version HQ Video
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 9:49
- Updated: 01 Jan 1970
Money As Debt Part 1 of 5 Full HQ Video - http://www.moneyasdebt.net/ - http://FreeSilverBars.com - Click Now and Claim Your FREE .999 Fine Silver Rhino Bar
Trade In Your Paper Money While You Can!! http://www.isnmoderncoins.com/?site=silverprophets - **Would You Like To Know To Get Free Silver Eagles Every Month?**
The Money As Debt full series of Videos on YouTube comes in 5 easy to watch parts and should be watched by everyone. Watching Paul Grignons Money As Debt part 2 of 5 should inspire you to take control of your future by investing in REAL Silver and Gold NOW ahead of the masses.
History has shown that every paper monetary system ultimately collapses.
Paul Grignon's 47-minute animated presentation of "Money as Debt" tells in very simple and effective graphic terms what money is and how it is being created. It is an entertaining way to get the message out, and you should be sharing it with everyone you know.
http://www.moneyasdebt.net/ - Please purchase a copy.
Buy REAL Silver / Gold Bullion Coins NOW - BELOW SPOT PRICE: http://www.SilverProphets.com and earn FREE Silver and Gold.
http://wn.com/Money_As_Debt_2_of_5_Money_As_Debt_Full_Version_HQ_Video
Money As Debt Part 1 of 5 Full HQ Video - http://www.moneyasdebt.net/ - http://FreeSilverBars.com - Click Now and Claim Your FREE .999 Fine Silver Rhino Bar
Trade In Your Paper Money While You Can!! http://www.isnmoderncoins.com/?site=silverprophets - **Would You Like To Know To Get Free Silver Eagles Every Month?**
The Money As Debt full series of Videos on YouTube comes in 5 easy to watch parts and should be watched by everyone. Watching Paul Grignons Money As Debt part 2 of 5 should inspire you to take control of your future by investing in REAL Silver and Gold NOW ahead of the masses.
History has shown that every paper monetary system ultimately collapses.
Paul Grignon's 47-minute animated presentation of "Money as Debt" tells in very simple and effective graphic terms what money is and how it is being created. It is an entertaining way to get the message out, and you should be sharing it with everyone you know.
http://www.moneyasdebt.net/ - Please purchase a copy.
Buy REAL Silver / Gold Bullion Coins NOW - BELOW SPOT PRICE: http://www.SilverProphets.com and earn FREE Silver and Gold.
- published: 23 Feb 2010
- views: 12971
- author: MoneyAsDebtFullVideo
Money As Debt 3 of 5 - Money As Debt Full Version HQ Video
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 9:55
- Updated: 01 Jan 1970
Money As Debt Part 3 of 5 Full HQ Video - http://www.moneyasdebt.net/ - http://FreeSilverBars.com - Click Now and Claim Your FREE .999 Fine Silver Rhino Bar
Trade In Your Paper Money While You Can!! http://www.isnmoderncoins.com/?site=silverprophets - **Would You Like To Know To Get Free Silver Eagles Every Month?**
Part 3 of the the full version - Watching Paul Grignons Money As Debt should inspire you to take control of your future by investing in REAL Silver coins and bullion NOW ahead of the masses.
http://www.moneyasdebt.net/ - Please purchase a copy.
History has shown that every paper monetary system ultimately collapses and is how we get the phrase cash is trash.
Paul Grignon's 47-minute animated presentation of "Money as Debt" tells in very simple and effective graphic terms what money is and how it is being created. It is an entertaining way to get the message out, and you should be sharing it with everyone you know.
"The process by which banks create money is so simple the mind is repelled."
John Kenneth Galbraith, Economist
http://www.johnkennethgalbraith.com/index.php?page=homepage
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Kenneth_Galbraith
http://www.brainyquote.com/quotes/authors/j/john_kenneth_galbraith.html
http://aurora.icaap.org/talks/galbraith.htm
"Permit me to issue and control the money of a nation, and I care not who makes its laws."
Mayer Amschel Rothschild, International Banker
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:The_Rothschilds
http://www.everything2.com/index.pl?node=ridiculous
http://www.brainyquote.com/quotes/quotes/m/mayeramsch170274.html
"I am afraid that the ordinary citizen
will not like to be told that banks
can and do create money
...And they who control
the credit of the nation
direct the policy of Governments
and hold in the hollow of their hands
the destiny of the people"
Reginald McKenna,
past Chairman of the Board, Midlands Bank of England
http://www.answers.com/topic/reginald-mckenna
Thus, our national circulating medium is now at the mercy of loan transactions of banks, which lend, not money, but promises to supply money they do not possess.
Irving Fisher, economist and author
http://www.econlib.org/library/Enc/bios/Fisher.html
http://www.findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m0254/is_1_64/ai_n13798782
http://cepa.newschool.edu/het/profiles/fisher.htm
That is what our money system is. If there were no debts in our money system, there wouldnt be any money.
Marriner S. Eccles, Chairman and Governor of the Federal Reserve Board
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marriner_Stoddard_Eccles
http://minneapolisfed.org/pubs/region/99-06/martin.cfm
Buy REAL Silver / Gold Bullion Coins NOW - BELOW SPOT PRICE: http://www.SilverProphets.com and earn FREE Silver and Gold.
Money as Debt 3 of 5
http://wn.com/Money_As_Debt_3_of_5_Money_As_Debt_Full_Version_HQ_Video
Money As Debt Part 3 of 5 Full HQ Video - http://www.moneyasdebt.net/ - http://FreeSilverBars.com - Click Now and Claim Your FREE .999 Fine Silver Rhino Bar
Trade In Your Paper Money While You Can!! http://www.isnmoderncoins.com/?site=silverprophets - **Would You Like To Know To Get Free Silver Eagles Every Month?**
Part 3 of the the full version - Watching Paul Grignons Money As Debt should inspire you to take control of your future by investing in REAL Silver coins and bullion NOW ahead of the masses.
http://www.moneyasdebt.net/ - Please purchase a copy.
History has shown that every paper monetary system ultimately collapses and is how we get the phrase cash is trash.
Paul Grignon's 47-minute animated presentation of "Money as Debt" tells in very simple and effective graphic terms what money is and how it is being created. It is an entertaining way to get the message out, and you should be sharing it with everyone you know.
"The process by which banks create money is so simple the mind is repelled."
John Kenneth Galbraith, Economist
http://www.johnkennethgalbraith.com/index.php?page=homepage
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Kenneth_Galbraith
http://www.brainyquote.com/quotes/authors/j/john_kenneth_galbraith.html
http://aurora.icaap.org/talks/galbraith.htm
"Permit me to issue and control the money of a nation, and I care not who makes its laws."
Mayer Amschel Rothschild, International Banker
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:The_Rothschilds
http://www.everything2.com/index.pl?node=ridiculous
http://www.brainyquote.com/quotes/quotes/m/mayeramsch170274.html
"I am afraid that the ordinary citizen
will not like to be told that banks
can and do create money
...And they who control
the credit of the nation
direct the policy of Governments
and hold in the hollow of their hands
the destiny of the people"
Reginald McKenna,
past Chairman of the Board, Midlands Bank of England
http://www.answers.com/topic/reginald-mckenna
Thus, our national circulating medium is now at the mercy of loan transactions of banks, which lend, not money, but promises to supply money they do not possess.
Irving Fisher, economist and author
http://www.econlib.org/library/Enc/bios/Fisher.html
http://www.findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m0254/is_1_64/ai_n13798782
http://cepa.newschool.edu/het/profiles/fisher.htm
That is what our money system is. If there were no debts in our money system, there wouldnt be any money.
Marriner S. Eccles, Chairman and Governor of the Federal Reserve Board
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marriner_Stoddard_Eccles
http://minneapolisfed.org/pubs/region/99-06/martin.cfm
Buy REAL Silver / Gold Bullion Coins NOW - BELOW SPOT PRICE: http://www.SilverProphets.com and earn FREE Silver and Gold.
Money as Debt 3 of 5
- published: 23 Feb 2010
- views: 8067
- author: MoneyAsDebtFullVideo
Money As Debt 4 of 5 - Money As Debt Full Version HQ Video
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 9:53
- Updated: 01 Jan 1970
Money As Debt Part 4 of 5 Full HQ Video - http://www.moneyasdebt.net/ -http://FreeSilverBars.com - Click Now and Claim Your FREE .999 Fine Silver Rhino Bar
Trade In Your Paper Money While You Can!! http://www.isnmoderncoins.com/?site=silverprophets - **Would You Like To Know To Get Free Silver Eagles Every Month?**
History has shown that every paper monetary system ultimately collapses and is how we get the phrase cash is trash.
The Money As Debt full series of Videos on YouTube comes in 5 easy to watch parts and should be watched by everyone. Watching Paul Grignons Money As Debt should inspire you to take control of your future by investing in REAL Silver coins and bullion NOW ahead of the masses.
http://www.moneyasdebt.net/ - Please purchase a copy.
I have never yet had anyone who could, through the use of logic and reason, justify the Federal Government borrowing the use of its own money... I believe the time will come when people will demand that this be changed. I believe the time will come in this country when they will actually blame you and me and everyone else connected with the Congress for sitting idly by and permitting such an idiotic system to continue.
Congressman Wright Patman
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wright_Patman
http://www.tsha.utexas.edu/handbook/online/articles/PP/fpa62.html
http://www.tamu.edu/upress/BOOKS/2000/young.htm
Money is a new form of slavery, and distinguishable from the old simply by the fact that it is impersonal, that there is no human relation between master and slave.
Leo (Lev)Tolstoy
http://flag.blackened.net/daver/anarchism/tolstoy
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leo_Tolstoy
None are more enslaved than those who falsely believe they are free.
Goethe
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Goethe
http://www.kirjasto.sci.fi/goethe.htm
http://www.brainyquote.com/quotes/quotes/j/johannwolf134023.html
Buy REAL Silver / Gold Bullion Coins NOW - BELOW SPOT PRICE: http://www.SilverProphets.com and earn FREE Silver and Gold.
Money as Debt 4
http://wn.com/Money_As_Debt_4_of_5_Money_As_Debt_Full_Version_HQ_Video
Money As Debt Part 4 of 5 Full HQ Video - http://www.moneyasdebt.net/ -http://FreeSilverBars.com - Click Now and Claim Your FREE .999 Fine Silver Rhino Bar
Trade In Your Paper Money While You Can!! http://www.isnmoderncoins.com/?site=silverprophets - **Would You Like To Know To Get Free Silver Eagles Every Month?**
History has shown that every paper monetary system ultimately collapses and is how we get the phrase cash is trash.
The Money As Debt full series of Videos on YouTube comes in 5 easy to watch parts and should be watched by everyone. Watching Paul Grignons Money As Debt should inspire you to take control of your future by investing in REAL Silver coins and bullion NOW ahead of the masses.
http://www.moneyasdebt.net/ - Please purchase a copy.
I have never yet had anyone who could, through the use of logic and reason, justify the Federal Government borrowing the use of its own money... I believe the time will come when people will demand that this be changed. I believe the time will come in this country when they will actually blame you and me and everyone else connected with the Congress for sitting idly by and permitting such an idiotic system to continue.
Congressman Wright Patman
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wright_Patman
http://www.tsha.utexas.edu/handbook/online/articles/PP/fpa62.html
http://www.tamu.edu/upress/BOOKS/2000/young.htm
Money is a new form of slavery, and distinguishable from the old simply by the fact that it is impersonal, that there is no human relation between master and slave.
Leo (Lev)Tolstoy
http://flag.blackened.net/daver/anarchism/tolstoy
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leo_Tolstoy
None are more enslaved than those who falsely believe they are free.
Goethe
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Goethe
http://www.kirjasto.sci.fi/goethe.htm
http://www.brainyquote.com/quotes/quotes/j/johannwolf134023.html
Buy REAL Silver / Gold Bullion Coins NOW - BELOW SPOT PRICE: http://www.SilverProphets.com and earn FREE Silver and Gold.
Money as Debt 4
- published: 23 Feb 2010
- views: 6512
- author: MoneyAsDebtFullVideo
Money As Debt 5 of 5 - Money As Debt Full Version HQ Video
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 7:27
- Updated: 01 Jan 1970
Money As Debt Part 5 of 5 Full HQ Video - http://www.moneyasdebt.net/ - http://FreeSilverBars.com - Click Now and Claim Your FREE .999 Fine Silver Rhino Bar
Trade In Your Paper Money While You Can!! http://www.isnmoderncoins.com/?site=silverprophets - **Would You Like To Know To Get Free Silver Eagles Every Month?**
The full series of Money As Debt Videos on YouTube comes in 5 easy to watch parts and should be watched by everyone. http://www.moneyasdebt.net/ - Please purchase a copy.
Watching Paul Grignons Money As Debt Part 5 of 5 should inspire you to take control of your future by investing in REAL Silver coins and bullion NOW ahead of the masses.
History has shown that every paper monetary system ultimately collapses and is how we get the phrase cash is trash.
Buy REAL Silver / Gold Bullion Coins NOW - BELOW SPOT PRICE: http://www.SilverProphets.com and earn FREE Silver and Gold.
Money as debt 5
http://wn.com/Money_As_Debt_5_of_5_Money_As_Debt_Full_Version_HQ_Video
Money As Debt Part 5 of 5 Full HQ Video - http://www.moneyasdebt.net/ - http://FreeSilverBars.com - Click Now and Claim Your FREE .999 Fine Silver Rhino Bar
Trade In Your Paper Money While You Can!! http://www.isnmoderncoins.com/?site=silverprophets - **Would You Like To Know To Get Free Silver Eagles Every Month?**
The full series of Money As Debt Videos on YouTube comes in 5 easy to watch parts and should be watched by everyone. http://www.moneyasdebt.net/ - Please purchase a copy.
Watching Paul Grignons Money As Debt Part 5 of 5 should inspire you to take control of your future by investing in REAL Silver coins and bullion NOW ahead of the masses.
History has shown that every paper monetary system ultimately collapses and is how we get the phrase cash is trash.
Buy REAL Silver / Gold Bullion Coins NOW - BELOW SPOT PRICE: http://www.SilverProphets.com and earn FREE Silver and Gold.
Money as debt 5
- published: 23 Feb 2010
- views: 6254
- author: MoneyAsDebtFullVideo
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Why is China buying more U.S. debt?
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 1:43
- Updated: 01 Jan 1970
BEIJING, China (CNN) -- China, holder of nearly $1 trillion in U.S. debt, will keep buying Treasuries, but will keep a close eye on their value just the same, a Chinese government official said.
"Investing in U.S. Treasury bonds is an important component of China's foreign currency reserve investments," said Hu Xiaolian, deputy governor of the People's Bank of China. "We are naturally relatively concerned with the safety and profitability of U.S. government bonds."
Hu's comments came at a briefing Monday ahead of the Group of 20 financial summit in Britain scheduled for early next month. The G-20 nations represent 85 percent of the world's gross domestic product.
China has an estimated $2 trillion in foreign reserves and is the United States' largest creditor, having bought more than $1 trillion of its debt.
Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao expressed similar concerns about the state of the U.S. economy and President Barack Obama's economic plan earlier this month.
"We have loaned a huge amount of money to the United States," Wen said at a news conference in Beijing on March 13. "Of course, we are concerned about the safety of our assets. To be honest, I'm a little bit worried. I would like for you [a western reporter] to call on the United States to honor its word and stay a credible nation and ensure the safety of Chinese assets."
Washington is spending trillions of dollars in an attempt to shore up the the U.S. economy, including a stimulus package, bailouts of top U.S. industries and the purchase of billions of dollars in bad bank assets.
Don't Miss
* CNN/Money: U.S. Treasury unveils 'bad asset' plan
* World Bank: Global downturn is WWII-like
The programs could undermine the dollar, making China's investments less valuable. But a stronger U.S. economy could override those
http://wn.com/Why_is_China_buying_more_US_debt?
BEIJING, China (CNN) -- China, holder of nearly $1 trillion in U.S. debt, will keep buying Treasuries, but will keep a close eye on their value just the same, a Chinese government official said.
"Investing in U.S. Treasury bonds is an important component of China's foreign currency reserve investments," said Hu Xiaolian, deputy governor of the People's Bank of China. "We are naturally relatively concerned with the safety and profitability of U.S. government bonds."
Hu's comments came at a briefing Monday ahead of the Group of 20 financial summit in Britain scheduled for early next month. The G-20 nations represent 85 percent of the world's gross domestic product.
China has an estimated $2 trillion in foreign reserves and is the United States' largest creditor, having bought more than $1 trillion of its debt.
Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao expressed similar concerns about the state of the U.S. economy and President Barack Obama's economic plan earlier this month.
"We have loaned a huge amount of money to the United States," Wen said at a news conference in Beijing on March 13. "Of course, we are concerned about the safety of our assets. To be honest, I'm a little bit worried. I would like for you [a western reporter] to call on the United States to honor its word and stay a credible nation and ensure the safety of Chinese assets."
Washington is spending trillions of dollars in an attempt to shore up the the U.S. economy, including a stimulus package, bailouts of top U.S. industries and the purchase of billions of dollars in bad bank assets.
Don't Miss
* CNN/Money: U.S. Treasury unveils 'bad asset' plan
* World Bank: Global downturn is WWII-like
The programs could undermine the dollar, making China's investments less valuable. But a stronger U.S. economy could override those
- published: 14 Jan 2012
- views: 193766
- author: pipsurf
Why China Owns the U.S.
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 5:49
- Updated: 01 Jan 1970
http://www.custommaidbook.com China can bankrupt the U.S. by dumping trillions of U.S. dollars.
http://wn.com/Why_China_Owns_the_US
http://www.custommaidbook.com China can bankrupt the U.S. by dumping trillions of U.S. dollars.
- published: 14 Jan 2012
- views: 94197
- author: pipsurf
Warren Buffett on China
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 1:27
- Updated: 01 Jan 1970
http://valueinvestorsportal.com
http://wn.com/Warren_Buffett_on_China
Warren Buffett We send to China little pieces of Paper for their Goods !!!
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 5:58
- Updated: 01 Jan 1970
http://warrenbuffet101.blogspot.com for more of Warren Buffet
Warren Buffett Peter Schiff marc faber gerald celente Glenn Beck scandal dollar Fema Camps NWO UK Britain pound sterling Marc Faber Jim Rogers gold Gerald Celente Max Keiser Lou Dobbs civil unrest turmoils riots Alex jones david Icke Bob Chapman economy collapse meltdown silver currency Worst Case Scenario 2020 obama mayors stimulus wisely Illuminati new world order skull and bones bohemian grove bush Freemason
http://wn.com/Warren_Buffett_We_send_to_China_little_pieces_of_Paper_for_their_Goods_!!!
http://warrenbuffet101.blogspot.com for more of Warren Buffet
Warren Buffett Peter Schiff marc faber gerald celente Glenn Beck scandal dollar Fema Camps NWO UK Britain pound sterling Marc Faber Jim Rogers gold Gerald Celente Max Keiser Lou Dobbs civil unrest turmoils riots Alex jones david Icke Bob Chapman economy collapse meltdown silver currency Worst Case Scenario 2020 obama mayors stimulus wisely Illuminati new world order skull and bones bohemian grove bush Freemason
- published: 14 Jan 2012
- views: 34160
- author: pipsurf
"US debt is largely fictitious"
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 5:30
- Updated: 01 Jan 1970
The United States is in serious debt but the latest numbers show the US national debt has surpassed $14 trillion. From June, 2010 until the end of the year the US racked up another trillion dollars worth of debt. Economist Michael Hudson says the important thing to realize is the government doesn't borrow money it creates it, the whole issue of whether the US has a debt problem is largely fictitious.
http://wn.com/US_debt_is_largely_fictitious
The United States is in serious debt but the latest numbers show the US national debt has surpassed $14 trillion. From June, 2010 until the end of the year the US racked up another trillion dollars worth of debt. Economist Michael Hudson says the important thing to realize is the government doesn't borrow money it creates it, the whole issue of whether the US has a debt problem is largely fictitious.
- published: 14 Jan 2012
- views: 94540
- author: pipsurf
US Debt Crisis - 2012 was only for America
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 5:13
- Updated: 01 Jan 1970
A must watch video for all specially for those who are considering going to US in future!!
http://wn.com/US_Debt_Crisis_2012_was_only_for_America
A must watch video for all specially for those who are considering going to US in future!!
- published: 14 Jan 2012
- views: 890458
- author: pipsurf
What If China Collected on U.S. Debt?
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 2:50
- Updated: 01 Jan 1970
ABC's Robert Krulwich takes an animated look at China's investment in the U.S.
http://wn.com/What_If_China_Collected_on_US_Debt?
ABC's Robert Krulwich takes an animated look at China's investment in the U.S.
- published: 14 Jan 2012
- views: 175234
- author: pipsurf
USA WILL NOT REPAY $1 TRILLION DEBT TO CHINA
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 4:59
- Updated: 01 Jan 1970
Folks, you have to see this short video at the link below if you have any type of business or know someone in business and needs free advertising... this is going to blow your mind!!
http://www.leadnetproincome.com
While all the talk is about gold bullion right now, silver is still a bargain and will be playing catch up very soon. China is dependant on buying USA's depreciating dollars so that it's own currency doesn't become more valuable- thus affecting export affordability. China is trying to hoard as much gold as it can because it knows that the US dollar is eventually going to crash. Luckily China is a huge producer of gold bullion.
http://wn.com/USA_WILL_NOT_REPAY_1_TRILLION_DEBT_TO_CHINA
Folks, you have to see this short video at the link below if you have any type of business or know someone in business and needs free advertising... this is going to blow your mind!!
http://www.leadnetproincome.com
While all the talk is about gold bullion right now, silver is still a bargain and will be playing catch up very soon. China is dependant on buying USA's depreciating dollars so that it's own currency doesn't become more valuable- thus affecting export affordability. China is trying to hoard as much gold as it can because it knows that the US dollar is eventually going to crash. Luckily China is a huge producer of gold bullion.
- published: 14 Jan 2012
- views: 118985
- author: pipsurf
China Converting US Debt To Gold: Wikileaks
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 4:33
- Updated: 01 Jan 1970
Wikileaks has revealed how China has been adapting to holding too much US debt. It seems they've also managed to find a way to undermine the US dollar as a the world's reserve currency at the same time.
http://maoistrebelnews.wordpress.com/2011/09/16/china-converting-us-debt-to-gold-wikileaks/
Selected Works of the Maoist Rebel for sale now:
http://lulu.com/spotlight/MaoistRebelNews
Follow me on Twitter
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Read more news at
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Live shows broadcast on
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Music provided by Kevin MacLeod of http://incompetech.com/
http://wn.com/China_Converting_US_Debt_To_Gold_Wikileaks
Wikileaks has revealed how China has been adapting to holding too much US debt. It seems they've also managed to find a way to undermine the US dollar as a the world's reserve currency at the same time.
http://maoistrebelnews.wordpress.com/2011/09/16/china-converting-us-debt-to-gold-wikileaks/
Selected Works of the Maoist Rebel for sale now:
http://lulu.com/spotlight/MaoistRebelNews
Follow me on Twitter
http://twitter.com/#!/MaoistRebelNews
Read more news at
http://maoistrebelnews.wordpress.com/
Live shows broadcast on
http://www.blogtv.com/people/MaoistRebelNews
Music provided by Kevin MacLeod of http://incompetech.com/
- published: 14 Jan 2012
- views: 146989
- author: pipsurf
Buy gold before China pulls the plug
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 5:01
- Updated: 01 Jan 1970
In this video, Francis Schutte, Founder of Goldonomic.be, tells James Turk, Founder/Chairman of GoldMoney and Director of the GoldMoney Foundation how he got interested in gold in the Seventies and Eighties. Neither of both accept Ben Bernanke to increase interest rates like Paul Volcker did in the Eighties. The United States would not be able to absorb a rise in interest costs. Not raising the rates would lead to Weimar style hyperinflation, according to James.
http://wn.com/Buy_gold_before_China_pulls_the_plug
In this video, Francis Schutte, Founder of Goldonomic.be, tells James Turk, Founder/Chairman of GoldMoney and Director of the GoldMoney Foundation how he got interested in gold in the Seventies and Eighties. Neither of both accept Ben Bernanke to increase interest rates like Paul Volcker did in the Eighties. The United States would not be able to absorb a rise in interest costs. Not raising the rates would lead to Weimar style hyperinflation, according to James.
- published: 14 Jan 2012
- views: 22558
- author: pipsurf
Competitive Currency Devaluation
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 2:07
- Updated: 01 Jan 1970
David McAlvany explains how how we created the conditions for a global currency war.
http://wn.com/Competitive_Currency_Devaluation
David McAlvany explains how how we created the conditions for a global currency war.
- published: 14 Jan 2012
- views: 5073
- author: pipsurf
Currency Wars Explained...Devaluation of a Currency...War of Currency ~ Youtube Video
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 4:06
- Updated: 01 Jan 1970
Currency trading strategies for currency traders.
Learn how to trade Forex with Forex Bot.
http://awebbiz.com/Forex.html
The Currency Wars
Currency war, also known as competitive devaluation of the currency, is a condition in international affairs where countries compete against each other to achieve a relatively low exchange rate for their own currency. Money devaluation is basically what it all about. Currency trades take advantage of currency wars to make money trading currencies.
MY VIDEOS CHANNEL
CLICK HERE: http://www.youtube.com/user/awebbiz
http://wn.com/Currency_Wars_ExplainedDevaluation_of_a_CurrencyWar_of_Currency_~_Youtube_Video
Currency trading strategies for currency traders.
Learn how to trade Forex with Forex Bot.
http://awebbiz.com/Forex.html
The Currency Wars
Currency war, also known as competitive devaluation of the currency, is a condition in international affairs where countries compete against each other to achieve a relatively low exchange rate for their own currency. Money devaluation is basically what it all about. Currency trades take advantage of currency wars to make money trading currencies.
MY VIDEOS CHANNEL
CLICK HERE: http://www.youtube.com/user/awebbiz
- published: 14 Jan 2012
- views: 16252
- author: pipsurf
Marc Faber - Why is China Buying Gold?
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 8:37
- Updated: 01 Jan 1970
For the latest Marc Faber, go to http://MarcFaberBlog.com -
In a recovery like we have now, risk appetite is coming back. Because of that, silver may outperform gold for a while. If you want to store your own monetary metal, gold is more compact and easier to store.
The Chinese have very large reserves, and when they look at Bernanke they don't want to do business with him. For this reason, they are buying things like gold and copper. Resources for them are a top geopolitical priority because they are naturally poor in those resources. They don't trust the dollar anymore, and rightfully so. The Chinese recently announced that it had acquired more than 400 tons of gold, and once the market was made aware of this news, the price rose sharply.
Once the government debt is sufficiently large, the government bond market will break. The temptation will be to keep interest rates artificially low. Some Harvard grads have proposed that there be a negative interest rate in order to stimulate the economy. It is mind-boggling what kind of nonsense these people think. But this is exactly the same state of mind at the Federal Reserve. Without inflation, the entire system would have completely collapsed. They are postponing the true solution.
The United States government currently has a AAA credit rating, but there is no way that they deserve that rating. They will keep lending money to banks for free, and this will lead to more unintended consequences.
http://wn.com/Marc_Faber_Why_is_China_Buying_Gold?
For the latest Marc Faber, go to http://MarcFaberBlog.com -
In a recovery like we have now, risk appetite is coming back. Because of that, silver may outperform gold for a while. If you want to store your own monetary metal, gold is more compact and easier to store.
The Chinese have very large reserves, and when they look at Bernanke they don't want to do business with him. For this reason, they are buying things like gold and copper. Resources for them are a top geopolitical priority because they are naturally poor in those resources. They don't trust the dollar anymore, and rightfully so. The Chinese recently announced that it had acquired more than 400 tons of gold, and once the market was made aware of this news, the price rose sharply.
Once the government debt is sufficiently large, the government bond market will break. The temptation will be to keep interest rates artificially low. Some Harvard grads have proposed that there be a negative interest rate in order to stimulate the economy. It is mind-boggling what kind of nonsense these people think. But this is exactly the same state of mind at the Federal Reserve. Without inflation, the entire system would have completely collapsed. They are postponing the true solution.
The United States government currently has a AAA credit rating, but there is no way that they deserve that rating. They will keep lending money to banks for free, and this will lead to more unintended consequences.
- published: 14 Jan 2012
- views: 31616
- author: pipsurf
Marc Faber - Chinese Collapse Coming
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 4:10
- Updated: 01 Jan 1970
For the latest Marc Faber, go to http://MarcFaberBlog.com -
It is true that we have a credit bubble in China. They also have a huge stimulus package. However, you have to put in in perspective compared to the United States. China has a debt load of 50% of GDP, and in the US it is 600% GDP. The Chinese use their credit to build things. They have built exports and infrastructure. The United States has used their credit for consumption.
The Federal Reserve maintains that there has been no inflation in the US. Their policies encourage consumption in the US, and it has created bubbles all over the world. Sometimes even if you are right, it can take 6 months to 3 years or longer for that prediction to come true. There is a high likelihood that China implodes at some point, and that will have an impact on the rest of the emerging world.
http://wn.com/Marc_Faber_Chinese_Collapse_Coming
For the latest Marc Faber, go to http://MarcFaberBlog.com -
It is true that we have a credit bubble in China. They also have a huge stimulus package. However, you have to put in in perspective compared to the United States. China has a debt load of 50% of GDP, and in the US it is 600% GDP. The Chinese use their credit to build things. They have built exports and infrastructure. The United States has used their credit for consumption.
The Federal Reserve maintains that there has been no inflation in the US. Their policies encourage consumption in the US, and it has created bubbles all over the world. Sometimes even if you are right, it can take 6 months to 3 years or longer for that prediction to come true. There is a high likelihood that China implodes at some point, and that will have an impact on the rest of the emerging world.
- published: 14 Jan 2012
- views: 76951
- author: pipsurf
China's Ghost Cities and Malls
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 14:38
- Updated: 01 Jan 1970
Documentary by SBS Dateline (Australian TV) about the Chinese real estate market.
Original link to SBS Dateline video: http://www.sbs.com.au/dateline/story/watch/id/601007/n/China-s-Ghost-Cities
For my views and possible ETF investments to play China's real estate bubble collapse: http://etf-investment-ideas.blogspot.com/2011/03/chinas-ghost-cities-and-malls.html
http://wn.com/China's_Ghost_Cities_and_Malls
Documentary by SBS Dateline (Australian TV) about the Chinese real estate market.
Original link to SBS Dateline video: http://www.sbs.com.au/dateline/story/watch/id/601007/n/China-s-Ghost-Cities
For my views and possible ETF investments to play China's real estate bubble collapse: http://etf-investment-ideas.blogspot.com/2011/03/chinas-ghost-cities-and-malls.html
- published: 14 Jan 2012
- views: 1561752
- author: pipsurf
Chanos: China's construction bubble
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 4:27
- Updated: 01 Jan 1970
Fund manager Jim Chanos says too much of China's economic growth is from new construction and the bubble will eventually burst
http://wn.com/Chanos_China's_construction_bubble
Fund manager Jim Chanos says too much of China's economic growth is from new construction and the bubble will eventually burst
- published: 14 Jan 2012
- views: 1340
- author: pipsurf
China sees 8% growth as it controls bubble
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 2:03
- Updated: 01 Jan 1970
The government promises to curb bank loans and tackle problems in the overheated property market
http://wn.com/China_sees_8_growth_as_it_controls_bubble
The government promises to curb bank loans and tackle problems in the overheated property market
- published: 14 Jan 2012
- views: 51
- author: pipsurf
Is China's $6 trillion economy on a bubble?
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 30:16
- Updated: 01 Jan 1970
The world's second-largest economy could be slowing after decades of record growth.
Guests: Dean Baker, Victor Shih
http://wn.com/Is_China's_6_trillion_economy_on_a_bubble?
The world's second-largest economy could be slowing after decades of record growth.
Guests: Dean Baker, Victor Shih
- published: 14 Jan 2012
- views: 7008
- author: pipsurf
Gordon Chang: Coming bubble burst in China - FoxNews 110610
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:11
- Updated: 01 Jan 1970
http://video.foxnews.com/#/v/987123628001/bubble-bursting-in-china
http://wn.com/Gordon_Chang_Coming_bubble_burst_in_China_FoxNews_110610
http://video.foxnews.com/#/v/987123628001/bubble-bursting-in-china
- published: 14 Jan 2012
- views: 2612
- author: pipsurf
US 'holds the power' in ties with China
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 4:30
- Updated: 01 Jan 1970
Gordon Chang, who has written extensively on China and North Korea, and is the author of the book The Coming Collapse of China, explains why US-China relations have soured.
He tells Al Jazeera's Barbara Serra why China is not as powerful as it seems (03 Feb 2010).
http://wn.com/US_'holds_the_power'_in_ties_with_China
Gordon Chang, who has written extensively on China and North Korea, and is the author of the book The Coming Collapse of China, explains why US-China relations have soured.
He tells Al Jazeera's Barbara Serra why China is not as powerful as it seems (03 Feb 2010).
- published: 14 Jan 2012
- views: 8520
- author: pipsurf
Russia and China against the West?
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 5:37
- Updated: 01 Jan 1970
Russia and China have agreed to help each other increase their clout in global affairs. At a meeting in Moscow, Vladimir Putin and the Chinese Vice President Xi Jinping, hailed the strength of ties between the two, and said economic and political relations had never been better. Let's get an expert's assessment now, and talk to Martin Hennecke, an associate director at the Hong Kong investment and financial advice firm Thaik.
http://wn.com/Russia_and_China_against_the_West?
Russia and China have agreed to help each other increase their clout in global affairs. At a meeting in Moscow, Vladimir Putin and the Chinese Vice President Xi Jinping, hailed the strength of ties between the two, and said economic and political relations had never been better. Let's get an expert's assessment now, and talk to Martin Hennecke, an associate director at the Hong Kong investment and financial advice firm Thaik.
- published: 14 Jan 2012
- views: 28492
- author: pipsurf
Chinese real estate bubble
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 9:06
- Updated: 01 Jan 1970
China will survive the comming world economic collpase of Europe and the US, because China has an economy based on workers making THINGS.
Trains, housing, solar cells, tables, growing vegetables, glass, growing cotton.
Things they can use or sell.
China is now #2 in the world at making quality SOLAR cells.
How did China leap from #31 in 1986
to #2 in 2011?
What is China doing right?
China has more schools for girls than any nation in the world, per capita.
There are more highly educated people in China than any place on earth: biologists, teachers, artists, nurses, physics, engineers, electricians, farmers, mid-wifes, doctors, mathamaticians, etc.
The cooperations between Russia, China & Vietnam makes this region the most dynamic region in the world.
There will soon be, more Solar powered homes in China than anywhere else on earth, by 2015.
Education works. All the brains of China are now busy pushing China to rule the world
with a new economic plan.
The US should adopt the Chinese plan & planning.
The Chinese have struggled against great poverty since 1949. They have learned to save 50% of what they earn.
Saving money is a national calling.
When you have experienced hunger caused by British imperialism and the Japanese rape of China, you are glad to be alive and free from the slavery of the British.
So people are happy.
Mao gave the people a great sense of prive & power.
The new 5 year plan will be released in 2012, which will once again prove that the peaceful path to harmony is more sucessful than the imperialist war path that the US under Obama & Bush took.
If President Kennedy had lived, there never would have been a Vietnam war.
The US, China & Russia would have been at peace from 1960 until 2020.
It would have been the greatest world economic growth the world had ever seen.
Now, thanks to Obama & Bush the US is in the worst Depression the US has ever seen, caused by the US war budget.
The US must cut Defense spending by 95%.
The best way to save our nation is to cut the Pentagon budget by 95%.
Tax the oil corporations to fund public schools.
American Indians believe you should not sell the land.
I agree. Private ownership of land is destroying our economy by creating real estate bubbles.
All land is China is owned by the government.
If you buy land, you can hold it & develop it,
but you can only sell it back to the government.
There is no selling from a private person to another private person. Same story in Cuba.
This keeps the economy stable & prevent a crash.
We are developing a FREE medical system in the US.
It is based on learning how the body can heal itself
if you know how to prime the pump.
Arthritus can be prevented.
Asthma can be prevented and cure using the water
of life. The golden water.
Cancer can be cured using your own perfect medicine.
http://www.youtube.com/user/BaitAndSwitchTV?feature=mhee#p/u/12/_M_Rh_fgKEQ
http://wn.com/Chinese_real_estate_bubble
China will survive the comming world economic collpase of Europe and the US, because China has an economy based on workers making THINGS.
Trains, housing, solar cells, tables, growing vegetables, glass, growing cotton.
Things they can use or sell.
China is now #2 in the world at making quality SOLAR cells.
How did China leap from #31 in 1986
to #2 in 2011?
What is China doing right?
China has more schools for girls than any nation in the world, per capita.
There are more highly educated people in China than any place on earth: biologists, teachers, artists, nurses, physics, engineers, electricians, farmers, mid-wifes, doctors, mathamaticians, etc.
The cooperations between Russia, China & Vietnam makes this region the most dynamic region in the world.
There will soon be, more Solar powered homes in China than anywhere else on earth, by 2015.
Education works. All the brains of China are now busy pushing China to rule the world
with a new economic plan.
The US should adopt the Chinese plan & planning.
The Chinese have struggled against great poverty since 1949. They have learned to save 50% of what they earn.
Saving money is a national calling.
When you have experienced hunger caused by British imperialism and the Japanese rape of China, you are glad to be alive and free from the slavery of the British.
So people are happy.
Mao gave the people a great sense of prive & power.
The new 5 year plan will be released in 2012, which will once again prove that the peaceful path to harmony is more sucessful than the imperialist war path that the US under Obama & Bush took.
If President Kennedy had lived, there never would have been a Vietnam war.
The US, China & Russia would have been at peace from 1960 until 2020.
It would have been the greatest world economic growth the world had ever seen.
Now, thanks to Obama & Bush the US is in the worst Depression the US has ever seen, caused by the US war budget.
The US must cut Defense spending by 95%.
The best way to save our nation is to cut the Pentagon budget by 95%.
Tax the oil corporations to fund public schools.
American Indians believe you should not sell the land.
I agree. Private ownership of land is destroying our economy by creating real estate bubbles.
All land is China is owned by the government.
If you buy land, you can hold it & develop it,
but you can only sell it back to the government.
There is no selling from a private person to another private person. Same story in Cuba.
This keeps the economy stable & prevent a crash.
We are developing a FREE medical system in the US.
It is based on learning how the body can heal itself
if you know how to prime the pump.
Arthritus can be prevented.
Asthma can be prevented and cure using the water
of life. The golden water.
Cancer can be cured using your own perfect medicine.
http://www.youtube.com/user/BaitAndSwitchTV?feature=mhee#p/u/12/_M_Rh_fgKEQ
- published: 14 Jan 2012
- views: 457
- author: pipsurf
China's real estate ghost towns
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 2:29
- Updated: 01 Jan 1970
Dec. 2 - The dangers of a rapid slowing of China's property boom can be found in the Inner Mongolian city of Ordos, where new apartment blocks stand empty as real estate prices slump. Andrew Potter reports.
http://wn.com/China's_real_estate_ghost_towns
Dec. 2 - The dangers of a rapid slowing of China's property boom can be found in the Inner Mongolian city of Ordos, where new apartment blocks stand empty as real estate prices slump. Andrew Potter reports.
- published: 14 Jan 2012
- views: 8293
- author: pipsurf
9:56
Money as Debt II Promises Unleashed (1 of 8)
Quick and easy way to accumlate silver
http://silversnowball.com/1861/
Click for full pla...
published: 12 Jul 2009
author: compelled2283
Money as Debt II Promises Unleashed (1 of 8)
Quick and easy way to accumlate silver
http://silversnowball.com/1861/
Click for full playlist:
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_doYllBk5No&feature;=PlayList&p;=879A14495D29C64F&index;=0&playnext;=1
Bailouts, stimulus packages, debt piled upon debt, where will it all end?
How did we get into a situation where there has never been more material wealth & productivity and yet everyone is in debt to bankers?
And now, all of a sudden, the bankers have no money and we the taxpayers, have to rescue them by going even further into debt!
Money as Debt II Explores the baffling, fraudulent and destructive arithmetic of the money system that holds us hostage to a forever growing DEBT...and how we might evolve beyond it into a new era.
http://www.moneyasdebt.net/
- published: 12 Jul 2009
- views: 263523
- author: compelled2283
9:56
Money as Debt II Promises Unleashed (2 of 8)
Quick and easy way to accumlate silver
http://silversnowball.com/1861/
Bailouts, stimulu...
published: 12 Jul 2009
author: compelled2283
Money as Debt II Promises Unleashed (2 of 8)
Quick and easy way to accumlate silver
http://silversnowball.com/1861/
Bailouts, stimulus packages, debt piled upon debt, where will it all end?
How did we get into a situation where there has never been more material wealth & productivity and yet everyone is in debt to bankers?
And now, all of a sudden, the bankers have no money and we the taxpayers, have to rescue them by going even further into debt!
Money as Debt II Explores the baffling, fraudulent and destructive arithmetic of the money system that holds us hostage to a forever growing DEBT...and how we might evolve beyond it into a new era.
http://www.moneyasdebt.net/
- published: 12 Jul 2009
- views: 119608
- author: compelled2283
9:55
Money as Debt II Promises Unleashed (3 of 8)
Quick and easy way to accumlate silver
http://silversnowball.com/1861/
Bailouts, stimulus...
published: 12 Jul 2009
author: compelled2283
Money as Debt II Promises Unleashed (3 of 8)
Quick and easy way to accumlate silver
http://silversnowball.com/1861/
Bailouts, stimulus packages, debt piled upon debt, where will it all end?
How did we get into a situation where there has never been more material wealth & productivity and yet everyone is in debt to bankers?
And now, all of a sudden, the bankers have no money and we the taxpayers, have to rescue them by going even further into debt!
Money as Debt II Explores the baffling, fraudulent and destructive arithmetic of the money system that holds us hostage to a forever growing DEBT...and how w might evolve beyond it into a new era.
http://www.moneyasdebt.net/
- published: 12 Jul 2009
- views: 98477
- author: compelled2283
9:56
Money as Debt II Promises Unleashed (4 of 8)
Quick and easy way to accumlate silver
http://silversnowball.com/1861/
Bailouts, stimulus...
published: 12 Jul 2009
author: compelled2283
Money as Debt II Promises Unleashed (4 of 8)
Quick and easy way to accumlate silver
http://silversnowball.com/1861/
Bailouts, stimulus packages, debt piled upon debt, where will it all end?
How did we get into a situation where there has never been more material wealth & productivity and yet everyone is in debt to bankers?
And now, all of a sudden, the bankers have no money and we the taxpayers, have to rescue them by going even further into debt!
Money as Debt II Explores the baffling, fraudulent and destructive arithmetic of the money system that holds us hostage to a forever growing DEBT...and how w might evolve beyond it into a new era.
http://www.moneyasdebt.net/
- published: 12 Jul 2009
- views: 82588
- author: compelled2283
9:56
Money as Debt II Promises Unleashed (5 of 8)
Quick easy way to accumulate silver
http://silversnowball.com/1861/
Bailouts, stimulus pa...
published: 12 Jul 2009
author: compelled2283
Money as Debt II Promises Unleashed (5 of 8)
Quick easy way to accumulate silver
http://silversnowball.com/1861/
Bailouts, stimulus packages, debt piled upon debt, where will it all end?
How did we get into a situation where there has never been more material wealth & productivity and yet everyone is in debt to bankers?
And now, all of a sudden, the bankers have no money and we the taxpayers, have to rescue them by going even further into debt!
Money as Debt II Explores the baffling, fraudulent and destructive arithmetic of the money system that holds us hostage to a forever growing DEBT...and how w might evolve beyond it into a new era.
http://www.moneyasdebt.net/
- published: 12 Jul 2009
- views: 74062
- author: compelled2283
9:56
Money as Debt II Promises Unleashed (6 of 8)
Quick easy way to accumulate silver
http://silversnowball.com/1861/
Bailouts, stimulus pa...
published: 12 Jul 2009
author: compelled2283
Money as Debt II Promises Unleashed (6 of 8)
Quick easy way to accumulate silver
http://silversnowball.com/1861/
Bailouts, stimulus packages, debt piled upon debt, where will it all end?
How did we get into a situation where there has never been more material wealth & productivity and yet everyone is in debt to bankers?
And now, all of a sudden, the bankers have no money and we the taxpayers, have to rescue them by going even further into debt!
Money as Debt II Explores the baffling, fraudulent and destructive arithmetic of the money system that holds us hostage to a forever growing DEBT...and how w might evolve beyond it into a new era.
http://www.moneyasdebt.net/
- published: 12 Jul 2009
- views: 64723
- author: compelled2283
9:55
Money as Debt II Promises Unleashed (7 of 8)
Quick easy way to accumulate silver
http://silversnowball.com/1861/
Bailouts, stimulus pa...
published: 12 Jul 2009
author: compelled2283
Money as Debt II Promises Unleashed (7 of 8)
Quick easy way to accumulate silver
http://silversnowball.com/1861/
Bailouts, stimulus packages, debt piled upon debt, where will it all end?
How did we get into a situation where there has never been more material wealth & productivity and yet everyone is in debt to bankers?
And now, all of a sudden, the bankers have no money and we the taxpayers, have to rescue them by going even further into debt!
Money as Debt II Explores the baffling, fraudulent and destructive arithmetic of the money system that holds us hostage to a forever growing DEBT...and how we might evolve beyond it into a new era.
http://www.moneyasdebt.net/
- published: 12 Jul 2009
- views: 61615
- author: compelled2283
8:01
Money as Debt II Promises Unleashed (8 of 8)
Quick easy way to accumulate silver
http://silversnowball.com/1861/
Bailouts, stimulus pa...
published: 12 Jul 2009
author: compelled2283
Money as Debt II Promises Unleashed (8 of 8)
Quick easy way to accumulate silver
http://silversnowball.com/1861/
Bailouts, stimulus packages, debt piled upon debt, where will it all end?
How did we get into a situation where there has never been more material wealth & productivity and yet everyone is in debt to bankers?
And now, all of a sudden, the bankers have no money and we the taxpayers, have to rescue them by going even further into debt!
Money as Debt II Explores the baffling, fraudulent and destructive arithmetic of the money system that holds us hostage to a forever growing DEBT...and how we might evolve beyond it into a new era.
http://www.moneyasdebt.net/
- published: 12 Jul 2009
- views: 61737
- author: compelled2283
Vimeo results:
5:22
Between Bears
Prints available http://society6.com/eranhill/Between-Bears_Print
// winner of best anima...
published: 30 Jul 2010
author: Eran Hilleli
Between Bears
Prints available http://society6.com/eranhill/Between-Bears_Print
// winner of best animation award at vimeo's first film festival //
my graduation film at bezalel academy of art and design.
a debt to my childhood and other lives i hope i lived. inspired by words of songs that i admire.
http://eranhilleli.com
original music composed by Ori Avni
performed by Ori Avni and Daniela Spector.
http://oriavni.bandcamp.com
http://danielaspector.bandcamp.com
Download Between bears mini mini album:
http://oriavni.bandcamp.com/album/between-bears-3
15:00
Ball Of Light
This 15 minute documentary tells the story of Denis Smith. Two years ago he was in a high ...
published: 22 Mar 2011
author: Sam Collins Media
Ball Of Light
This 15 minute documentary tells the story of Denis Smith. Two years ago he was in a high pressure sales job suffering with depression, debt and alcohol problems. Then he discovered light painting, and his life changed forever...
Produced by Sam Collins Media - If you enjoyed this film, please consider leaving me a small contribution using the Tip Jar button below. Many thanks! :)
More Ball Of Light images/videos at www.balloflight.com.au
More documentaries/videos at www.samcollinsmedia.com
*NEWS* - Ball of Light won Best Documentary at the South Australian Screen Awards 2012! Delighted!
*Ball of Light is still available to license for broadcast/distribution in some territories - please contact info@samcollinsmedia.com for details / promo high-def DVD mailout.
22:00
ILLEGAL - 2007 Tribeca Film Festival - Short Film by Andrew Oh
Official selection into the 2007 TRIBECA FILM FESTIVAL
Written and Directed by ANDREW OH
P...
published: 23 Jun 2009
author: Andrew Oh
ILLEGAL - 2007 Tribeca Film Festival - Short Film by Andrew Oh
Official selection into the 2007 TRIBECA FILM FESTIVAL
Written and Directed by ANDREW OH
Produced by Lydia Ko, Tony Wang, and Andrew Oh
Daniel and Jessica are a happily married couple on the verge of realizing the American dream - Jessica is pregnant and Daniel finally gets the money to open a small diner. But when they hire Carlos, an illegal immigrant from Mexico, they find that they are targets of blackmail. With their emotions spiraling out of control, is their love strong enough for them to forgive one another and do what's right?
Starring Thomas Blankenship, Tyler Kain, Danny Molina, Chet Grissom, David Pevsner, and Luis Beckford.
Cinematography by Kenneth Yeung.
TECH SPECS:
PANASONIC AG-HVX200
REDROCK M2 35mm Adapter
REDROCK Base Plate/Rods
REDROCK microFollowFocus
NIKON prime lenses
http://www.REDROCKMICRO.COM
Other films:
THE DEBT - http://www.vimeo.com/5335532
THE MOTEL ROOM - http://www.vimeo.com/5363130
SHOTGUN - http://www.vimeo.com/5366067
52:18
L'Argent Dette de Paul Grignon (Money as Debt FR)
La dette des gouvernements, des entreprises et des ménages a atteint des proportions astro...
published: 11 Sep 2008
author: Bankster
L'Argent Dette de Paul Grignon (Money as Debt FR)
La dette des gouvernements, des entreprises et des ménages a atteint des proportions astronomiques et enfle de plus en plus démesurément de jour en jour.
D'ou vient tout cet argent ?
Comment peut-il y avoir TANT d'argent à preter ?
La réponse est... qu'il n'y en a pas.
De nos jours, L'ARGENT S'EST FAIT DETTE.
S'il n'y avait PAS DE DETTE
Il n'y aurait PAS D'ARGENT
Si tout ceci vous laisse perplexe, rassurez-vous, vous n'etes pas le seul ou la seule.
Très peu de gens comprennent ce système, meme si nous sommes tous touchés.
Ce long métrage d'animation, dynamique et divertissant, de l'artiste et vidéographe Paul Grignon, explique les effets magiques mais pervers du SYSTEME ACTUEL D'ARGENT-DETTE dans des termes compréhensibles pour tous
Nous vous présentons le chef d'oeuvre de Paul Grignon pour la première fois disponible avec une bande son francaise et textes en francais !
Maintenant Distribué en DVD par www.opening.fr
Jean-Pierre Vasseur : jpv@opening.fr
Aline Helliet : aline@opening.fr
Ou acheter directement le film en ligne sur leur site au prix citoyen de 9,90 euros.
Déjà disponible chez Amazon et DVDtoile.com
http://www.amazon.fr/Largent-dette/dp/B002IWF1A2
http://dvdtoile.com/Film.php?id=56490&page;=3
10:00
Money As Debt (2 of 5)
Quick and easy way to purchase silver:
http://silversnowball.com/1861/
Paul Grignon's 47-m...
published: 13 Mar 2008
author: compelled2283
Money As Debt (2 of 5)
Quick and easy way to purchase silver:
http://silversnowball.com/1861/
Paul Grignon's 47-minute animated presentation of "Money as Debt" tells in very simple and effective graphic terms what money is and how it is being created. It is an entertaining way to get the message out. The Cowichan Citizens Coalition and its "Duncan Initiative" received high praise from those who previewed it. I recommend it as a painless but hard-hitting educational tool and encourage the widest distribution and use by all groups concerned with the present unsustainable monetary system in Canada and the United States.
- published: 13 Mar 2008
- views: 359431
- author: compelled2283
10:00
Money As Debt (3 of 5)
Quick and easy way to purchase silver:
http://silversnowball.com/1861/
Paul Grignon's 47-...
published: 13 Mar 2008
author: compelled2283
Money As Debt (3 of 5)
Quick and easy way to purchase silver:
http://silversnowball.com/1861/
Paul Grignon's 47-minute animated presentation of "Money as Debt" tells in very simple and effective graphic terms what money is and how it is being created. It is an entertaining way to get the message out. The Cowichan Citizens Coalition and its "Duncan Initiative" received high praise from those who previewed it. I recommend it as a painless but hard-hitting educational tool and encourage the widest distribution and use by all groups concerned with the present unsustainable monetary system in Canada and the United States.
- published: 13 Mar 2008
- views: 229201
- author: compelled2283
9:58
Money As Debt (4 of 5)
Quick and easy way to purchase silver:
http://silversnowball.com/1861/
Paul Grignon's 47-...
published: 13 Mar 2008
author: compelled2283
Money As Debt (4 of 5)
Quick and easy way to purchase silver:
http://silversnowball.com/1861/
Paul Grignon's 47-minute animated presentation of "Money as Debt" tells in very simple and effective graphic terms what money is and how it is being created. It is an entertaining way to get the message out. The Cowichan Citizens Coalition and its "Duncan Initiative" received high praise from those who previewed it. I recommend it as a painless but hard-hitting educational tool and encourage the widest distribution and use by all groups concerned with the present unsustainable monetary system in Canada and the United States.
- published: 13 Mar 2008
- views: 186246
- author: compelled2283
Vimeo results:
5:22
Between Bears
Prints available http://society6.com/eranhill/Between-Bears_Print
// winner of best anima...
published: 30 Jul 2010
author: Eran Hilleli
Between Bears
Prints available http://society6.com/eranhill/Between-Bears_Print
// winner of best animation award at vimeo's first film festival //
my graduation film at bezalel academy of art and design.
a debt to my childhood and other lives i hope i lived. inspired by words of songs that i admire.
http://eranhilleli.com
original music composed by Ori Avni
performed by Ori Avni and Daniela Spector.
http://oriavni.bandcamp.com
http://danielaspector.bandcamp.com
Download Between bears mini mini album:
http://oriavni.bandcamp.com/album/between-bears-3
15:00
Ball Of Light
This 15 minute documentary tells the story of Denis Smith. Two years ago he was in a high ...
published: 22 Mar 2011
author: Sam Collins Media
Ball Of Light
This 15 minute documentary tells the story of Denis Smith. Two years ago he was in a high pressure sales job suffering with depression, debt and alcohol problems. Then he discovered light painting, and his life changed forever...
Produced by Sam Collins Media - If you enjoyed this film, please consider leaving me a small contribution using the Tip Jar button below. Many thanks! :)
More Ball Of Light images/videos at www.balloflight.com.au
More documentaries/videos at www.samcollinsmedia.com
*NEWS* - Ball of Light won Best Documentary at the South Australian Screen Awards 2012! Delighted!
*Ball of Light is still available to license for broadcast/distribution in some territories - please contact info@samcollinsmedia.com for details / promo high-def DVD mailout.
22:00
ILLEGAL - 2007 Tribeca Film Festival - Short Film by Andrew Oh
Official selection into the 2007 TRIBECA FILM FESTIVAL
Written and Directed by ANDREW OH
P...
published: 23 Jun 2009
author: Andrew Oh
ILLEGAL - 2007 Tribeca Film Festival - Short Film by Andrew Oh
Official selection into the 2007 TRIBECA FILM FESTIVAL
Written and Directed by ANDREW OH
Produced by Lydia Ko, Tony Wang, and Andrew Oh
Daniel and Jessica are a happily married couple on the verge of realizing the American dream - Jessica is pregnant and Daniel finally gets the money to open a small diner. But when they hire Carlos, an illegal immigrant from Mexico, they find that they are targets of blackmail. With their emotions spiraling out of control, is their love strong enough for them to forgive one another and do what's right?
Starring Thomas Blankenship, Tyler Kain, Danny Molina, Chet Grissom, David Pevsner, and Luis Beckford.
Cinematography by Kenneth Yeung.
TECH SPECS:
PANASONIC AG-HVX200
REDROCK M2 35mm Adapter
REDROCK Base Plate/Rods
REDROCK microFollowFocus
NIKON prime lenses
http://www.REDROCKMICRO.COM
Other films:
THE DEBT - http://www.vimeo.com/5335532
THE MOTEL ROOM - http://www.vimeo.com/5363130
SHOTGUN - http://www.vimeo.com/5366067
52:18
L'Argent Dette de Paul Grignon (Money as Debt FR)
La dette des gouvernements, des entreprises et des ménages a atteint des proportions astro...
published: 11 Sep 2008
author: Bankster
L'Argent Dette de Paul Grignon (Money as Debt FR)
La dette des gouvernements, des entreprises et des ménages a atteint des proportions astronomiques et enfle de plus en plus démesurément de jour en jour.
D'ou vient tout cet argent ?
Comment peut-il y avoir TANT d'argent à preter ?
La réponse est... qu'il n'y en a pas.
De nos jours, L'ARGENT S'EST FAIT DETTE.
S'il n'y avait PAS DE DETTE
Il n'y aurait PAS D'ARGENT
Si tout ceci vous laisse perplexe, rassurez-vous, vous n'etes pas le seul ou la seule.
Très peu de gens comprennent ce système, meme si nous sommes tous touchés.
Ce long métrage d'animation, dynamique et divertissant, de l'artiste et vidéographe Paul Grignon, explique les effets magiques mais pervers du SYSTEME ACTUEL D'ARGENT-DETTE dans des termes compréhensibles pour tous
Nous vous présentons le chef d'oeuvre de Paul Grignon pour la première fois disponible avec une bande son francaise et textes en francais !
Maintenant Distribué en DVD par www.opening.fr
Jean-Pierre Vasseur : jpv@opening.fr
Aline Helliet : aline@opening.fr
Ou acheter directement le film en ligne sur leur site au prix citoyen de 9,90 euros.
Déjà disponible chez Amazon et DVDtoile.com
http://www.amazon.fr/Largent-dette/dp/B002IWF1A2
http://dvdtoile.com/Film.php?id=56490&page;=3
9:46
Money As Debt 1 of 5 - Money As Debt Full HQ Video
Money As Debt Part 1 of 5 Full HQ Video - www.moneyasdebt.net/ - http://FreeSilverBars.com...
published: 23 Feb 2010
author: MoneyAsDebtFullVideo
Money As Debt 1 of 5 - Money As Debt Full HQ Video
Money As Debt Part 1 of 5 Full HQ Video - www.moneyasdebt.net/ - http://FreeSilverBars.com - Click Now and Claim Your FREE .999 Fine Silver Rhino Bar
Trade In Your Paper Money While You Can!! http://www.isnmoderncoins.com/?site=silverprophets - **Would You Like To Know To Get Free Silver Eagles Every Month?**
The full series of Money As Debt Videos on YouTube comes in 5 easy to watch parts and should be watched by everyone.
Watching Paul Grignons Money As Debt Part 1 of 5 should inspire you to take control of your future by investing in REAL Silver coins and bullion NOW ahead of the masses.
History has shown that every paper monetary system ultimately collapses and is how we get the phrase cash is trash.
"We are absolutely without a permanent money system...
It is the most important subject intelligent persons can investigate and reflect upon.
It is so important that our present civilization may collapse unless it becomes widely understood and the defects remedied very soon."
Robert H. Hemphill, Credit Manager
Federal Reserve Bank of Atlanta, Georgia (1935)
In the foreword to a book by Irving Fisher, entitled 100% Money (1935)
"Each and every time a bank makes a loan (or purchases securities), new bank credit is created — new deposits — brand new money."
Graham F. Towers, Director, Bank of Canada
http://www.bankofcanada.ca/en/bios/to...
http://www.michaeljournal.org/appenE.htm
"The process by which banks create money is so simple the mind is repelled."
John Kenneth Galbraith, Economist
http://www.johnkennethgalbraith.com/i...
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Ken...
http://www.brainyquote.com/quotes/aut...
Buy REAL Silver Bullion Coins NOW - BELOW SPOT PRICE:
http://www.SilverProphets.com and earn FREE silver.
- published: 23 Feb 2010
- views: 20789
- author: MoneyAsDebtFullVideo
9:49
Money As Debt 2 of 5 - Money As Debt Full Version HQ Video
Money As Debt Part 1 of 5 Full HQ Video - http://www.moneyasdebt.net/ - http://FreeSilverB...
published: 23 Feb 2010
author: MoneyAsDebtFullVideo
Money As Debt 2 of 5 - Money As Debt Full Version HQ Video
Money As Debt Part 1 of 5 Full HQ Video - http://www.moneyasdebt.net/ - http://FreeSilverBars.com - Click Now and Claim Your FREE .999 Fine Silver Rhino Bar
Trade In Your Paper Money While You Can!! http://www.isnmoderncoins.com/?site=silverprophets - **Would You Like To Know To Get Free Silver Eagles Every Month?**
The Money As Debt full series of Videos on YouTube comes in 5 easy to watch parts and should be watched by everyone. Watching Paul Grignons Money As Debt part 2 of 5 should inspire you to take control of your future by investing in REAL Silver and Gold NOW ahead of the masses.
History has shown that every paper monetary system ultimately collapses.
Paul Grignon's 47-minute animated presentation of "Money as Debt" tells in very simple and effective graphic terms what money is and how it is being created. It is an entertaining way to get the message out, and you should be sharing it with everyone you know.
http://www.moneyasdebt.net/ - Please purchase a copy.
Buy REAL Silver / Gold Bullion Coins NOW - BELOW SPOT PRICE: http://www.SilverProphets.com and earn FREE Silver and Gold.
- published: 23 Feb 2010
- views: 12971
- author: MoneyAsDebtFullVideo
9:55
Money As Debt 3 of 5 - Money As Debt Full Version HQ Video
Money As Debt Part 3 of 5 Full HQ Video - http://www.moneyasdebt.net/ - http://FreeSilverB...
published: 23 Feb 2010
author: MoneyAsDebtFullVideo
Money As Debt 3 of 5 - Money As Debt Full Version HQ Video
Money As Debt Part 3 of 5 Full HQ Video - http://www.moneyasdebt.net/ - http://FreeSilverBars.com - Click Now and Claim Your FREE .999 Fine Silver Rhino Bar
Trade In Your Paper Money While You Can!! http://www.isnmoderncoins.com/?site=silverprophets - **Would You Like To Know To Get Free Silver Eagles Every Month?**
Part 3 of the the full version - Watching Paul Grignons Money As Debt should inspire you to take control of your future by investing in REAL Silver coins and bullion NOW ahead of the masses.
http://www.moneyasdebt.net/ - Please purchase a copy.
History has shown that every paper monetary system ultimately collapses and is how we get the phrase cash is trash.
Paul Grignon's 47-minute animated presentation of "Money as Debt" tells in very simple and effective graphic terms what money is and how it is being created. It is an entertaining way to get the message out, and you should be sharing it with everyone you know.
"The process by which banks create money is so simple the mind is repelled."
John Kenneth Galbraith, Economist
http://www.johnkennethgalbraith.com/index.php?page=homepage
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Kenneth_Galbraith
http://www.brainyquote.com/quotes/authors/j/john_kenneth_galbraith.html
http://aurora.icaap.org/talks/galbraith.htm
"Permit me to issue and control the money of a nation, and I care not who makes its laws."
Mayer Amschel Rothschild, International Banker
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:The_Rothschilds
http://www.everything2.com/index.pl?node=ridiculous
http://www.brainyquote.com/quotes/quotes/m/mayeramsch170274.html
"I am afraid that the ordinary citizen
will not like to be told that banks
can and do create money
...And they who control
the credit of the nation
direct the policy of Governments
and hold in the hollow of their hands
the destiny of the people"
Reginald McKenna,
past Chairman of the Board, Midlands Bank of England
http://www.answers.com/topic/reginald-mckenna
Thus, our national circulating medium is now at the mercy of loan transactions of banks, which lend, not money, but promises to supply money they do not possess.
Irving Fisher, economist and author
http://www.econlib.org/library/Enc/bios/Fisher.html
http://www.findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m0254/is_1_64/ai_n13798782
http://cepa.newschool.edu/het/profiles/fisher.htm
That is what our money system is. If there were no debts in our money system, there wouldnt be any money.
Marriner S. Eccles, Chairman and Governor of the Federal Reserve Board
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marriner_Stoddard_Eccles
http://minneapolisfed.org/pubs/region/99-06/martin.cfm
Buy REAL Silver / Gold Bullion Coins NOW - BELOW SPOT PRICE: http://www.SilverProphets.com and earn FREE Silver and Gold.
Money as Debt 3 of 5
- published: 23 Feb 2010
- views: 8067
- author: MoneyAsDebtFullVideo
9:53
Money As Debt 4 of 5 - Money As Debt Full Version HQ Video
Money As Debt Part 4 of 5 Full HQ Video - http://www.moneyasdebt.net/ -http://FreeSilverBa...
published: 23 Feb 2010
author: MoneyAsDebtFullVideo
Money As Debt 4 of 5 - Money As Debt Full Version HQ Video
Money As Debt Part 4 of 5 Full HQ Video - http://www.moneyasdebt.net/ -http://FreeSilverBars.com - Click Now and Claim Your FREE .999 Fine Silver Rhino Bar
Trade In Your Paper Money While You Can!! http://www.isnmoderncoins.com/?site=silverprophets - **Would You Like To Know To Get Free Silver Eagles Every Month?**
History has shown that every paper monetary system ultimately collapses and is how we get the phrase cash is trash.
The Money As Debt full series of Videos on YouTube comes in 5 easy to watch parts and should be watched by everyone. Watching Paul Grignons Money As Debt should inspire you to take control of your future by investing in REAL Silver coins and bullion NOW ahead of the masses.
http://www.moneyasdebt.net/ - Please purchase a copy.
I have never yet had anyone who could, through the use of logic and reason, justify the Federal Government borrowing the use of its own money... I believe the time will come when people will demand that this be changed. I believe the time will come in this country when they will actually blame you and me and everyone else connected with the Congress for sitting idly by and permitting such an idiotic system to continue.
Congressman Wright Patman
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wright_Patman
http://www.tsha.utexas.edu/handbook/online/articles/PP/fpa62.html
http://www.tamu.edu/upress/BOOKS/2000/young.htm
Money is a new form of slavery, and distinguishable from the old simply by the fact that it is impersonal, that there is no human relation between master and slave.
Leo (Lev)Tolstoy
http://flag.blackened.net/daver/anarchism/tolstoy
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leo_Tolstoy
None are more enslaved than those who falsely believe they are free.
Goethe
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Goethe
http://www.kirjasto.sci.fi/goethe.htm
http://www.brainyquote.com/quotes/quotes/j/johannwolf134023.html
Buy REAL Silver / Gold Bullion Coins NOW - BELOW SPOT PRICE: http://www.SilverProphets.com and earn FREE Silver and Gold.
Money as Debt 4
- published: 23 Feb 2010
- views: 6512
- author: MoneyAsDebtFullVideo
7:27
Money As Debt 5 of 5 - Money As Debt Full Version HQ Video
Money As Debt Part 5 of 5 Full HQ Video - http://www.moneyasdebt.net/ - http://FreeSilverB...
published: 23 Feb 2010
author: MoneyAsDebtFullVideo
Money As Debt 5 of 5 - Money As Debt Full Version HQ Video
Money As Debt Part 5 of 5 Full HQ Video - http://www.moneyasdebt.net/ - http://FreeSilverBars.com - Click Now and Claim Your FREE .999 Fine Silver Rhino Bar
Trade In Your Paper Money While You Can!! http://www.isnmoderncoins.com/?site=silverprophets - **Would You Like To Know To Get Free Silver Eagles Every Month?**
The full series of Money As Debt Videos on YouTube comes in 5 easy to watch parts and should be watched by everyone. http://www.moneyasdebt.net/ - Please purchase a copy.
Watching Paul Grignons Money As Debt Part 5 of 5 should inspire you to take control of your future by investing in REAL Silver coins and bullion NOW ahead of the masses.
History has shown that every paper monetary system ultimately collapses and is how we get the phrase cash is trash.
Buy REAL Silver / Gold Bullion Coins NOW - BELOW SPOT PRICE: http://www.SilverProphets.com and earn FREE Silver and Gold.
Money as debt 5
- published: 23 Feb 2010
- views: 6254
- author: MoneyAsDebtFullVideo
Vimeo results:
5:22
Between Bears
Prints available http://society6.com/eranhill/Between-Bears_Print
// winner of best anima...
published: 30 Jul 2010
author: Eran Hilleli
Between Bears
Prints available http://society6.com/eranhill/Between-Bears_Print
// winner of best animation award at vimeo's first film festival //
my graduation film at bezalel academy of art and design.
a debt to my childhood and other lives i hope i lived. inspired by words of songs that i admire.
http://eranhilleli.com
original music composed by Ori Avni
performed by Ori Avni and Daniela Spector.
http://oriavni.bandcamp.com
http://danielaspector.bandcamp.com
Download Between bears mini mini album:
http://oriavni.bandcamp.com/album/between-bears-3
15:00
Ball Of Light
This 15 minute documentary tells the story of Denis Smith. Two years ago he was in a high ...
published: 22 Mar 2011
author: Sam Collins Media
Ball Of Light
This 15 minute documentary tells the story of Denis Smith. Two years ago he was in a high pressure sales job suffering with depression, debt and alcohol problems. Then he discovered light painting, and his life changed forever...
Produced by Sam Collins Media - If you enjoyed this film, please consider leaving me a small contribution using the Tip Jar button below. Many thanks! :)
More Ball Of Light images/videos at www.balloflight.com.au
More documentaries/videos at www.samcollinsmedia.com
*NEWS* - Ball of Light won Best Documentary at the South Australian Screen Awards 2012! Delighted!
*Ball of Light is still available to license for broadcast/distribution in some territories - please contact info@samcollinsmedia.com for details / promo high-def DVD mailout.
22:00
ILLEGAL - 2007 Tribeca Film Festival - Short Film by Andrew Oh
Official selection into the 2007 TRIBECA FILM FESTIVAL
Written and Directed by ANDREW OH
P...
published: 23 Jun 2009
author: Andrew Oh
ILLEGAL - 2007 Tribeca Film Festival - Short Film by Andrew Oh
Official selection into the 2007 TRIBECA FILM FESTIVAL
Written and Directed by ANDREW OH
Produced by Lydia Ko, Tony Wang, and Andrew Oh
Daniel and Jessica are a happily married couple on the verge of realizing the American dream - Jessica is pregnant and Daniel finally gets the money to open a small diner. But when they hire Carlos, an illegal immigrant from Mexico, they find that they are targets of blackmail. With their emotions spiraling out of control, is their love strong enough for them to forgive one another and do what's right?
Starring Thomas Blankenship, Tyler Kain, Danny Molina, Chet Grissom, David Pevsner, and Luis Beckford.
Cinematography by Kenneth Yeung.
TECH SPECS:
PANASONIC AG-HVX200
REDROCK M2 35mm Adapter
REDROCK Base Plate/Rods
REDROCK microFollowFocus
NIKON prime lenses
http://www.REDROCKMICRO.COM
Other films:
THE DEBT - http://www.vimeo.com/5335532
THE MOTEL ROOM - http://www.vimeo.com/5363130
SHOTGUN - http://www.vimeo.com/5366067
52:18
L'Argent Dette de Paul Grignon (Money as Debt FR)
La dette des gouvernements, des entreprises et des ménages a atteint des proportions astro...
published: 11 Sep 2008
author: Bankster
L'Argent Dette de Paul Grignon (Money as Debt FR)
La dette des gouvernements, des entreprises et des ménages a atteint des proportions astronomiques et enfle de plus en plus démesurément de jour en jour.
D'ou vient tout cet argent ?
Comment peut-il y avoir TANT d'argent à preter ?
La réponse est... qu'il n'y en a pas.
De nos jours, L'ARGENT S'EST FAIT DETTE.
S'il n'y avait PAS DE DETTE
Il n'y aurait PAS D'ARGENT
Si tout ceci vous laisse perplexe, rassurez-vous, vous n'etes pas le seul ou la seule.
Très peu de gens comprennent ce système, meme si nous sommes tous touchés.
Ce long métrage d'animation, dynamique et divertissant, de l'artiste et vidéographe Paul Grignon, explique les effets magiques mais pervers du SYSTEME ACTUEL D'ARGENT-DETTE dans des termes compréhensibles pour tous
Nous vous présentons le chef d'oeuvre de Paul Grignon pour la première fois disponible avec une bande son francaise et textes en francais !
Maintenant Distribué en DVD par www.opening.fr
Jean-Pierre Vasseur : jpv@opening.fr
Aline Helliet : aline@opening.fr
Ou acheter directement le film en ligne sur leur site au prix citoyen de 9,90 euros.
Déjà disponible chez Amazon et DVDtoile.com
http://www.amazon.fr/Largent-dette/dp/B002IWF1A2
http://dvdtoile.com/Film.php?id=56490&page;=3
1:43
Why is China buying more U.S. debt?
BEIJING, China (CNN) -- China, holder of nearly $1 trillion in U.S. debt, will keep buying...
published: 14 Jan 2012
author: pipsurf
Why is China buying more U.S. debt?
BEIJING, China (CNN) -- China, holder of nearly $1 trillion in U.S. debt, will keep buying Treasuries, but will keep a close eye on their value just the same, a Chinese government official said.
"Investing in U.S. Treasury bonds is an important component of China's foreign currency reserve investments," said Hu Xiaolian, deputy governor of the People's Bank of China. "We are naturally relatively concerned with the safety and profitability of U.S. government bonds."
Hu's comments came at a briefing Monday ahead of the Group of 20 financial summit in Britain scheduled for early next month. The G-20 nations represent 85 percent of the world's gross domestic product.
China has an estimated $2 trillion in foreign reserves and is the United States' largest creditor, having bought more than $1 trillion of its debt.
Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao expressed similar concerns about the state of the U.S. economy and President Barack Obama's economic plan earlier this month.
"We have loaned a huge amount of money to the United States," Wen said at a news conference in Beijing on March 13. "Of course, we are concerned about the safety of our assets. To be honest, I'm a little bit worried. I would like for you [a western reporter] to call on the United States to honor its word and stay a credible nation and ensure the safety of Chinese assets."
Washington is spending trillions of dollars in an attempt to shore up the the U.S. economy, including a stimulus package, bailouts of top U.S. industries and the purchase of billions of dollars in bad bank assets.
Don't Miss
* CNN/Money: U.S. Treasury unveils 'bad asset' plan
* World Bank: Global downturn is WWII-like
The programs could undermine the dollar, making China's investments less valuable. But a stronger U.S. economy could override those
- published: 14 Jan 2012
- views: 193766
- author: pipsurf
5:49
Why China Owns the U.S.
http://www.custommaidbook.com China can bankrupt the U.S. by dumping trillions of U.S. dol...
published: 14 Jan 2012
author: pipsurf
Why China Owns the U.S.
http://www.custommaidbook.com China can bankrupt the U.S. by dumping trillions of U.S. dollars.
- published: 14 Jan 2012
- views: 94197
- author: pipsurf
5:58
Warren Buffett We send to China little pieces of Paper for their Goods !!!
http://warrenbuffet101.blogspot.com for more of Warren Buffet
Warren Buffett Peter...
published: 14 Jan 2012
author: pipsurf
Warren Buffett We send to China little pieces of Paper for their Goods !!!
http://warrenbuffet101.blogspot.com for more of Warren Buffet
Warren Buffett Peter Schiff marc faber gerald celente Glenn Beck scandal dollar Fema Camps NWO UK Britain pound sterling Marc Faber Jim Rogers gold Gerald Celente Max Keiser Lou Dobbs civil unrest turmoils riots Alex jones david Icke Bob Chapman economy collapse meltdown silver currency Worst Case Scenario 2020 obama mayors stimulus wisely Illuminati new world order skull and bones bohemian grove bush Freemason
- published: 14 Jan 2012
- views: 34160
- author: pipsurf
5:30
"US debt is largely fictitious"
The United States is in serious debt but the latest numbers show the US national debt has ...
published: 14 Jan 2012
author: pipsurf
"US debt is largely fictitious"
The United States is in serious debt but the latest numbers show the US national debt has surpassed $14 trillion. From June, 2010 until the end of the year the US racked up another trillion dollars worth of debt. Economist Michael Hudson says the important thing to realize is the government doesn't borrow money it creates it, the whole issue of whether the US has a debt problem is largely fictitious.
- published: 14 Jan 2012
- views: 94540
- author: pipsurf
5:13
US Debt Crisis - 2012 was only for America
A must watch video for all specially for those who are considering going to US in future!!...
published: 14 Jan 2012
author: pipsurf
US Debt Crisis - 2012 was only for America
A must watch video for all specially for those who are considering going to US in future!!
- published: 14 Jan 2012
- views: 890458
- author: pipsurf
2:50
What If China Collected on U.S. Debt?
ABC's Robert Krulwich takes an animated look at China's investment in the U.S....
published: 14 Jan 2012
author: pipsurf
What If China Collected on U.S. Debt?
ABC's Robert Krulwich takes an animated look at China's investment in the U.S.
- published: 14 Jan 2012
- views: 175234
- author: pipsurf
4:59
USA WILL NOT REPAY $1 TRILLION DEBT TO CHINA
Folks, you have to see this short video at the link below if you have any type of business...
published: 14 Jan 2012
author: pipsurf
USA WILL NOT REPAY $1 TRILLION DEBT TO CHINA
Folks, you have to see this short video at the link below if you have any type of business or know someone in business and needs free advertising... this is going to blow your mind!!
http://www.leadnetproincome.com
While all the talk is about gold bullion right now, silver is still a bargain and will be playing catch up very soon. China is dependant on buying USA's depreciating dollars so that it's own currency doesn't become more valuable- thus affecting export affordability. China is trying to hoard as much gold as it can because it knows that the US dollar is eventually going to crash. Luckily China is a huge producer of gold bullion.
- published: 14 Jan 2012
- views: 118985
- author: pipsurf
4:33
China Converting US Debt To Gold: Wikileaks
Wikileaks has revealed how China has been adapting to holding too much US debt. It seems t...
published: 14 Jan 2012
author: pipsurf
China Converting US Debt To Gold: Wikileaks
Wikileaks has revealed how China has been adapting to holding too much US debt. It seems they've also managed to find a way to undermine the US dollar as a the world's reserve currency at the same time.
http://maoistrebelnews.wordpress.com/2011/09/16/china-converting-us-debt-to-gold-wikileaks/
Selected Works of the Maoist Rebel for sale now:
http://lulu.com/spotlight/MaoistRebelNews
Follow me on Twitter
http://twitter.com/#!/MaoistRebelNews
Read more news at
http://maoistrebelnews.wordpress.com/
Live shows broadcast on
http://www.blogtv.com/people/MaoistRebelNews
Music provided by Kevin MacLeod of http://incompetech.com/
- published: 14 Jan 2012
- views: 146989
- author: pipsurf
5:01
Buy gold before China pulls the plug
In this video, Francis Schutte, Founder of Goldonomic.be, tells James Turk, Founder/Chairm...
published: 14 Jan 2012
author: pipsurf
Buy gold before China pulls the plug
In this video, Francis Schutte, Founder of Goldonomic.be, tells James Turk, Founder/Chairman of GoldMoney and Director of the GoldMoney Foundation how he got interested in gold in the Seventies and Eighties. Neither of both accept Ben Bernanke to increase interest rates like Paul Volcker did in the Eighties. The United States would not be able to absorb a rise in interest costs. Not raising the rates would lead to Weimar style hyperinflation, according to James.
- published: 14 Jan 2012
- views: 22558
- author: pipsurf
2:07
Competitive Currency Devaluation
David McAlvany explains how how we created the conditions for a global currency war....
published: 14 Jan 2012
author: pipsurf
Competitive Currency Devaluation
David McAlvany explains how how we created the conditions for a global currency war.
- published: 14 Jan 2012
- views: 5073
- author: pipsurf
4:06
Currency Wars Explained...Devaluation of a Currency...War of Currency ~ Youtube Video
Currency trading strategies for currency traders.
Learn how to trade Forex with Forex Bot....
published: 14 Jan 2012
author: pipsurf
Currency Wars Explained...Devaluation of a Currency...War of Currency ~ Youtube Video
Currency trading strategies for currency traders.
Learn how to trade Forex with Forex Bot.
http://awebbiz.com/Forex.html
The Currency Wars
Currency war, also known as competitive devaluation of the currency, is a condition in international affairs where countries compete against each other to achieve a relatively low exchange rate for their own currency. Money devaluation is basically what it all about. Currency trades take advantage of currency wars to make money trading currencies.
MY VIDEOS CHANNEL
CLICK HERE: http://www.youtube.com/user/awebbiz
- published: 14 Jan 2012
- views: 16252
- author: pipsurf
8:37
Marc Faber - Why is China Buying Gold?
For the latest Marc Faber, go to http://MarcFaberBlog.com -
In a recovery like we have n...
published: 14 Jan 2012
author: pipsurf
Marc Faber - Why is China Buying Gold?
For the latest Marc Faber, go to http://MarcFaberBlog.com -
In a recovery like we have now, risk appetite is coming back. Because of that, silver may outperform gold for a while. If you want to store your own monetary metal, gold is more compact and easier to store.
The Chinese have very large reserves, and when they look at Bernanke they don't want to do business with him. For this reason, they are buying things like gold and copper. Resources for them are a top geopolitical priority because they are naturally poor in those resources. They don't trust the dollar anymore, and rightfully so. The Chinese recently announced that it had acquired more than 400 tons of gold, and once the market was made aware of this news, the price rose sharply.
Once the government debt is sufficiently large, the government bond market will break. The temptation will be to keep interest rates artificially low. Some Harvard grads have proposed that there be a negative interest rate in order to stimulate the economy. It is mind-boggling what kind of nonsense these people think. But this is exactly the same state of mind at the Federal Reserve. Without inflation, the entire system would have completely collapsed. They are postponing the true solution.
The United States government currently has a AAA credit rating, but there is no way that they deserve that rating. They will keep lending money to banks for free, and this will lead to more unintended consequences.
- published: 14 Jan 2012
- views: 31616
- author: pipsurf
4:10
Marc Faber - Chinese Collapse Coming
For the latest Marc Faber, go to http://MarcFaberBlog.com -
It is true that we have a cr...
published: 14 Jan 2012
author: pipsurf
Marc Faber - Chinese Collapse Coming
For the latest Marc Faber, go to http://MarcFaberBlog.com -
It is true that we have a credit bubble in China. They also have a huge stimulus package. However, you have to put in in perspective compared to the United States. China has a debt load of 50% of GDP, and in the US it is 600% GDP. The Chinese use their credit to build things. They have built exports and infrastructure. The United States has used their credit for consumption.
The Federal Reserve maintains that there has been no inflation in the US. Their policies encourage consumption in the US, and it has created bubbles all over the world. Sometimes even if you are right, it can take 6 months to 3 years or longer for that prediction to come true. There is a high likelihood that China implodes at some point, and that will have an impact on the rest of the emerging world.
- published: 14 Jan 2012
- views: 76951
- author: pipsurf
Vimeo results:
5:22
Between Bears
Prints available http://society6.com/eranhill/Between-Bears_Print
// winner of best anima...
published: 30 Jul 2010
author: Eran Hilleli
Between Bears
Prints available http://society6.com/eranhill/Between-Bears_Print
// winner of best animation award at vimeo's first film festival //
my graduation film at bezalel academy of art and design.
a debt to my childhood and other lives i hope i lived. inspired by words of songs that i admire.
http://eranhilleli.com
original music composed by Ori Avni
performed by Ori Avni and Daniela Spector.
http://oriavni.bandcamp.com
http://danielaspector.bandcamp.com
Download Between bears mini mini album:
http://oriavni.bandcamp.com/album/between-bears-3
15:00
Ball Of Light
This 15 minute documentary tells the story of Denis Smith. Two years ago he was in a high ...
published: 22 Mar 2011
author: Sam Collins Media
Ball Of Light
This 15 minute documentary tells the story of Denis Smith. Two years ago he was in a high pressure sales job suffering with depression, debt and alcohol problems. Then he discovered light painting, and his life changed forever...
Produced by Sam Collins Media - If you enjoyed this film, please consider leaving me a small contribution using the Tip Jar button below. Many thanks! :)
More Ball Of Light images/videos at www.balloflight.com.au
More documentaries/videos at www.samcollinsmedia.com
*NEWS* - Ball of Light won Best Documentary at the South Australian Screen Awards 2012! Delighted!
*Ball of Light is still available to license for broadcast/distribution in some territories - please contact info@samcollinsmedia.com for details / promo high-def DVD mailout.
22:00
ILLEGAL - 2007 Tribeca Film Festival - Short Film by Andrew Oh
Official selection into the 2007 TRIBECA FILM FESTIVAL
Written and Directed by ANDREW OH
P...
published: 23 Jun 2009
author: Andrew Oh
ILLEGAL - 2007 Tribeca Film Festival - Short Film by Andrew Oh
Official selection into the 2007 TRIBECA FILM FESTIVAL
Written and Directed by ANDREW OH
Produced by Lydia Ko, Tony Wang, and Andrew Oh
Daniel and Jessica are a happily married couple on the verge of realizing the American dream - Jessica is pregnant and Daniel finally gets the money to open a small diner. But when they hire Carlos, an illegal immigrant from Mexico, they find that they are targets of blackmail. With their emotions spiraling out of control, is their love strong enough for them to forgive one another and do what's right?
Starring Thomas Blankenship, Tyler Kain, Danny Molina, Chet Grissom, David Pevsner, and Luis Beckford.
Cinematography by Kenneth Yeung.
TECH SPECS:
PANASONIC AG-HVX200
REDROCK M2 35mm Adapter
REDROCK Base Plate/Rods
REDROCK microFollowFocus
NIKON prime lenses
http://www.REDROCKMICRO.COM
Other films:
THE DEBT - http://www.vimeo.com/5335532
THE MOTEL ROOM - http://www.vimeo.com/5363130
SHOTGUN - http://www.vimeo.com/5366067
52:18
L'Argent Dette de Paul Grignon (Money as Debt FR)
La dette des gouvernements, des entreprises et des ménages a atteint des proportions astro...
published: 11 Sep 2008
author: Bankster
L'Argent Dette de Paul Grignon (Money as Debt FR)
La dette des gouvernements, des entreprises et des ménages a atteint des proportions astronomiques et enfle de plus en plus démesurément de jour en jour.
D'ou vient tout cet argent ?
Comment peut-il y avoir TANT d'argent à preter ?
La réponse est... qu'il n'y en a pas.
De nos jours, L'ARGENT S'EST FAIT DETTE.
S'il n'y avait PAS DE DETTE
Il n'y aurait PAS D'ARGENT
Si tout ceci vous laisse perplexe, rassurez-vous, vous n'etes pas le seul ou la seule.
Très peu de gens comprennent ce système, meme si nous sommes tous touchés.
Ce long métrage d'animation, dynamique et divertissant, de l'artiste et vidéographe Paul Grignon, explique les effets magiques mais pervers du SYSTEME ACTUEL D'ARGENT-DETTE dans des termes compréhensibles pour tous
Nous vous présentons le chef d'oeuvre de Paul Grignon pour la première fois disponible avec une bande son francaise et textes en francais !
Maintenant Distribué en DVD par www.opening.fr
Jean-Pierre Vasseur : jpv@opening.fr
Aline Helliet : aline@opening.fr
Ou acheter directement le film en ligne sur leur site au prix citoyen de 9,90 euros.
Déjà disponible chez Amazon et DVDtoile.com
http://www.amazon.fr/Largent-dette/dp/B002IWF1A2
http://dvdtoile.com/Film.php?id=56490&page;=3
Youtube results:
14:38
China's Ghost Cities and Malls
Documentary by SBS Dateline (Australian TV) about the Chinese real estate market.
Origina...
published: 14 Jan 2012
author: pipsurf
China's Ghost Cities and Malls
Documentary by SBS Dateline (Australian TV) about the Chinese real estate market.
Original link to SBS Dateline video: http://www.sbs.com.au/dateline/story/watch/id/601007/n/China-s-Ghost-Cities
For my views and possible ETF investments to play China's real estate bubble collapse: http://etf-investment-ideas.blogspot.com/2011/03/chinas-ghost-cities-and-malls.html
- published: 14 Jan 2012
- views: 1561752
- author: pipsurf
4:27
Chanos: China's construction bubble
Fund manager Jim Chanos says too much of China's economic growth is from new construction ...
published: 14 Jan 2012
author: pipsurf
Chanos: China's construction bubble
Fund manager Jim Chanos says too much of China's economic growth is from new construction and the bubble will eventually burst
- published: 14 Jan 2012
- views: 1340
- author: pipsurf
2:03
China sees 8% growth as it controls bubble
The government promises to curb bank loans and tackle problems in the overheated property ...
published: 14 Jan 2012
author: pipsurf
China sees 8% growth as it controls bubble
The government promises to curb bank loans and tackle problems in the overheated property market
- published: 14 Jan 2012
- views: 51
- author: pipsurf
30:16
Is China's $6 trillion economy on a bubble?
The world's second-largest economy could be slowing after decades of record growth.
Guest...
published: 14 Jan 2012
author: pipsurf
Is China's $6 trillion economy on a bubble?
The world's second-largest economy could be slowing after decades of record growth.
Guests: Dean Baker, Victor Shih
- published: 14 Jan 2012
- views: 7008
- author: pipsurf
photo: AP / David Guttenfelder
07 Mar 2013
Posted. March 7, 2013. North Korea threatened a preemptive nuclear attack against the United States ahead of an upcoming vote on additional UN sanctions against Pyongyang. The country also accused the United States of performing military drills in South Korea as a launching pad for nuclear war. North Korea adds that it plans to scrap the armistice that ended Korean War hostilities ... The statement read. ... Category. Asia. Tags ... Posted ... ....(size: 2.5Kb)
photo: AP / Aaron Favila
05 Mar 2013
Manila. Members of a major Philippine Muslim rebel force who were meant to have disarmed in the 1990s as part of a peace pact are involved in deadly battles in Malaysia, the group’s leader said on Tuesday. Nur Misuari, who founded the Moro National Liberation Front in the late 1960s, confirmed “freedom fighters” from his group were part of the militia sent by a self-proclaimed sultan to claim the Malaysian state of Sabah....(size: 2.6Kb)
photo: US Army / Edward N. Johnson
06 Mar 2013
North Korea has threatened to cancel the 1953 ceasefire that ended the Korean War, citing a US-led push for punishing UN sanctions over its recent nuclear test and ongoing US-South Korean joint military drills. The threat came on Tuesday as the United States, with Chinese backing, introduced a draft UN resolution to punish North Korea for its nuclear test on February 12 ... 415 Source.. Agencies. Share. Send Feedback ... China ... News ... ....(size: 7.2Kb)
photo: AP / Ronald Zak
06 Mar 2013
6 March 2013 –. Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon today urged an end to violence and encouraged dialogue among all parties to peacefully resolve the situation in Sabah, Malaysia ... Mr ... News Tracker. past stories on this issue ... Source....(size: 1.3Kb)
photo: AP / Bullit Marquez
07 Mar 2013
The conflict has wreaked political havoc for both Malaysia and the neighboring Philippines ... Ismail said at least 52 Filipinos have now been killed in the past week since hostilities in the Sabah security crisis escalated ... World news....(size: 1.3Kb)
Austin American Statesman
07 Mar 2013
Even if you do pay down some debt, unexpected bills pop up and you’re back where you started ... You make some progress, maybe even paying off a substantial part of what you owe, only to fall back into debt again ... What are you doing wrong? The first step is determining what sends you back into debt ... You’ll never get out of debt if you’re only trying to fix the money side of the equation. Debt is a symptom, not the cause....(size: 2.4Kb)
CBC
07 Mar 2013
Regina City Council will be asked to deal with a plan to potentially raise the city's debt limit to $450 million ... For the second time in a year, the City of Regina is looking at a potentially large increase in its debt limit — currently set at $350 million ... However, if the provincial loan is not exempted, city debt will blow past the $350 million mark in 2016....(size: 1.7Kb)
Canberra Times
07 Mar 2013
Independent analysis of the West Australian Liberal party's election commitments show net debt would nudge $25 billion in 2015/16, slightly lower than projected under the opposition. The report by Under Treasurer Tim Marney released late on Thursday shows the Liberal's promises to voters would increase net debt by $1.2 billion over the forward estimates, bringing net debt to $24.885 billion....(size: 2.8Kb)
BBC News
07 Mar 2013
An school which was hit by debt problems has been bought by a group specialising in running independent schools ... debt beyond October....(size: 0.7Kb)
Bloomberg
07 Mar 2013
Reuters
07 Mar 2013
household debt grew at ... Household debt rose at a 2.5 percent annual rate in the fourth quarter, according to the Fed's quarterly Flow of Funds report....(size: 0.7Kb)
Daily Press
07 Mar 2013
WASHINGTON (Reuters) - Household debt grew ... Household debt rose at a 2.5 percent annual rate in the fourth quarter, according to the Fed's quarterly Flow of Funds report....(size: 0.9Kb)
Yahoo Daily News
07 Mar 2013
A professional tax firm has initiated a new tax debt program aimed at helping taxpayers stop collection efforts from the IRS. Newark, NJ (PRWEB) March 07, 2013 CTR’s Monterey Park tax attorney has been in the business of providing tax debt relief for years ... So our department heads got together and developed a new plan to provide that assistance to any clients using our tax debt relief programs,” stated a CTR spokesperson....(size: 2.8Kb)
Yahoo Daily News
07 Mar 2013
Wilton, nationally recognized student loan lawyer whose practice focuses on Debt Relief and consumer protection through bankruptcy, announced the firm's move from Lakewood to Garden Grove, California ... The law firm is passionate about helping clients achieve financial freedom from their debts and fights oppressive debt collectors....(size: 2.0Kb)
Caijing
07 Mar 2013
A board of 7 Chinese lenders led by BoC was formed in the fourth quarter last year as the company's billions worth of debts were due to mature. Suntech Holdings Co., the debt-ridden Chinese solar manufacturer was sued by the Bank of China (BoC) over unpaid debt after the two failed in reaching an agreement on new borrowings, the 21st Century Business Herald reported....(size: 2.0Kb)
The Examiner
07 Mar 2013
A look at consumer debt and spending patterns from 1989 to 2007 and 2007 to 2012.A look at consumer debt and spending patterns from 1989 to 2007 and 2007 to 2012.More >You might also like ... A look at consumer debt and spending patterns from 1989 to 2007 and 2007 to 2012 ... unsecured consumer debt has decreased over these past four years, it's......(size: 3.0Kb)
Business Wire
07 Mar 2013
has assigned debt ratings of “bbb+” to the $250 million 3.625% senior unsecured notes due 2023 and the $250 million 5.0% senior unsecured notes due 2043, issued under the existing shelf registration of Markel Corporation (Markel) (Richmond, VA) [NYSE ... At December 31, 2012, Markel's stand-alone debt leverage was 28% ... Best’s guidelines for its debt ratings....(size: 4.3Kb)
Peace FM Online
07 Mar 2013
The Supreme Court presided over by Justice Date- Bah has, by an interim order, granted the application filed by Martin Amidu praying for an order for all proceedings in other lower courts in respect of judgment debt payment to Spanish firm, Isofoton, to be put on hold. The Court again granted the state a request for a stay of execution in respect of judgment debt payment to Isofoton SA....(size: 2.2Kb)
For other uses, see Debt (disambiguation).
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This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (January 2009) |
| Personal Finance |
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| Credit and debit |
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A debt is an obligation owed by one party (the debtor) to a second party, the creditor; usually this refers to assets granted by the creditor to the debtor, but the term can also be used metaphorically to cover moral obligations and other interactions not based on economic value.
A debt is created when a creditor agrees to lend a sum of assets to a debtor. Debt is usually granted with expected repayment; in modern society, in most cases, this includes repayment of the original sum, plus interest.[1]
In finance, debt is a means of using anticipated future purchasing power in the present before it has actually been earned. Some companies and corporations use debt as a part of their overall corporate finance strategy.
Contents |
Etymology[link]
The word comes from the French dette and ultimately Latin debere (to owe), from de habere (to have). The letter b in the word debt was reintroduced in the 18th century, possibly by Samuel Johnson in his Dictionary of 1755 – several other words that had existed without a b had them reinserted at around that time.
History of debt[link]
See also: History of money
Debt is as old as economy. The anthropologist David Graeber argues in Debt: The First 5000 Years that trade starts with some sort of credit namely the promise to pay later for already handed over goods. Therefore credit and debt existed even before coins.[2][3]
Payment[link]
Before a debt can be made, both the debtor and the creditor must agree on the manner in which the debt will be repaid, known as the standard of deferred payment. This payment is usually denominated as a sum of money in units of currency, but can sometimes be denominated in terms of goods or services. Payment can be made in increments over a period of time, or all at once at the end of the loan agreement.
Types of debt[link]
A company uses various kinds of debt to finance its operations. The various types of debt can generally be categorized into: 1) secured and unsecured debt, 2) private and public debt, 3) syndicated and bilateral debt, and 4) other types of debt that display one or more of the characteristics noted above.[4]
A debt obligation is considered secured, if creditors have recourse to the assets of the company on a proprietary basis or otherwise ahead of general claims against the company. Unsecured debt comprises financial obligations, where creditors do not have recourse to the assets of the borrower to satisfy their claims.
Private debt comprises bank-loan type obligations, whether senior or mezzanine. Public debt is a general definition covering all financial instruments that are freely tradeable on a public exchange or over the counter, with few if any restrictions.
A basic loan or "term loan" is the simplest form of debt. It consists of an agreement to lend a fixed amount of money, called the principal sum, for a fixed period of time, with this amount to be repaid by a certain date. In commercial loans interest, calculated as a percentage of the principal sum per year, will also have to be paid by that date, or may be paid periodically in the interval, such as annually or monthly. Such loans are also colloquially called bullet loans, particularly if there is only a single payment at the end – the "bullet" – without a "stream" of interest payments during the "life" of the loan. There are many conventions on how interest is calculated – see day count convention for some – while a standard convention is the annual percentage rate (APR), widely used and required by regulation in the United States and United Kingdom, though there are different forms of APR.
In some loans, the amount actually loaned to the debtor is less than the principal sum to be repaid; the additional principal has the same economic effect as a higher interest rate (see point), and is sometimes referred to as a banker's dozen, a play on "baker's dozen" – owe twelve (a dozen), receive a loan of eleven (a banker's dozen). Note that the effective interest rate is not equal to the discount: if one borrows $10 and must repay $11, then this is ($11–$10)/$10 = 10% interest; however, if one borrows $9 and must repay $10, then this is ($10–$9)/$9 = 11 1/9 % interest.[5]
Rather than the entire principal amount of the loan being due at the end of the loan, the principal may be slowly repaid or "amortized" over the course of the loan – see amortizing loan. This is particularly common in mortgages and in the minimum payment on credit cards.
A syndicated loan is a loan that is granted to companies that wish to borrow more money than any single lender is prepared to risk in a single loan, usually many millions of dollars. In such a case, a syndicate of banks can each agree to put forward a portion of the principal sum. Loan syndication is a risk management tool that allows the lead banks underwriting the debt to reduce their risk and free up lending capacity.
A bond is a debt security issued by certain institutions such as companies and governments. A bond entitles the holder to repayment of the principal sum, plus interest. Bonds are issued to investors in a marketplace when an institution wishes to borrow money. Bonds have a fixed lifetime, usually a number of years; with long-term bonds, lasting over 30 years, being less common. At the end of the bond's life the money should be repaid in full. Interest may be added to the end payment, or can be paid in regular installments (known as coupons) during the life of the bond. Bonds may be traded in the bond markets, and are widely used as relatively safe investments in comparison to equity.
Debt syndication[link]
Further information: Syndicated loan
A syndicated loan is one that is provided by a group of lenders, and is structured, arranged, and administered by one or several commercial banks or investment banks known as arrangers.
Letters of credit[link]
The LC can also be the source of payment for a transaction, meaning that redeeming the letter of credit will pay an exporter. Letters of credit are used primarily in international trade transactions of significant value, for deals between a supplier in one country and a customer in another. They are also used in the land development process to ensure that approved public facilities (streets, sidewalks, stormwater ponds, etc.) will be built. The parties to a letter of credit are usually a beneficiary who is to receive the money, the issuing bank of whom the applicant is a client, and the advising bank of whom the beneficiary is a client. Almost all letters of credit are irrevocable, i.e., cannot be amended or canceled without prior agreement of the beneficiary, the issuing bank and the confirming bank, if any. In executing a transaction, letters of credit incorporate functions common to giros and Traveler's cheques. Typically, the documents a beneficiary has to present in order to receive payment include a commercial invoice, bill of lading, and a document proving the shipment was insured against loss or damage in transit. However, the list and form of documents is open to imagination and negotiation and might contain requirements to present documents issued by a neutral third party evidencing the quality of the goods shipped, or their place of origin.
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| Working capital |
| Capital budgeting |
| Sections |
| Societal components |
Accounting debt[link]
In national accounting, debts are added according to those who are indebted. Household debt is the debt held by households. "National" or Public debt is the debt held by the various governmental institutions (federal government, states, cities ...). Business debt is the debt held by businesses. Financial debt is the debt held by the financial sector (from one financial institution to another). Total debt is the sum of all those debts, excluding financial debt to prevent double accounting. These various types of debt can be computed in debt/GDP ratios. Those ratios help to assess the speed of variations in the indebtness and the size of the debt due. For example, the USA has a high consumer debt and a low public debt, while in eastern European countries the opposite tends to be true.[citation needed]
There are differences in the accounting of debt for private and public agents. If a private agent promises to pay something later, it has a debt, and this debt is enforceable by public agents. If a public body passes a law stating that it'll pay something later (a kind of promise), it keeps the right to change the law later (and not to pay). This is why, for instance, the money governments promised to pay for retirements does not show up in the public debt assessment, whereas the money private companies promised to pay for retirements does.
Securitization[link]
Main article: Securitization
Securitization occurs when a company groups together assets or receivables and sells them in units to the market through a trust. Any asset with a cashflow can be securitized. The cash flows from these receivables are used to pay the holders of these units. Companies often do this in order to remove these assets from their balance sheets and monetize an asset. Although these assets are "removed" from the balance sheet and are supposed to be the responsibility of the trust, that does not end the company's involvement. Often the company maintains a special interest in the trust which is called an "interest only strip" or "first loss piece". Any payments from the trust must be made to regular investors in precedence to this interest. This protects investors from a degree of risk, making the securitization more attractive. The aforementioned brings into question whether the assets are truly off-balance-sheet given the company's exposure to losses on this interest.
Inflation and exchange rates[link]
As noted below, debt is normally denominated in a particular monetary currency, and so changes in the valuation of that currency can change the effective size of the debt. This can happen due to inflation or deflation, so it can happen even though the borrower and the lender are using the same currency. Thus it is important to agree on standards of deferred payment in advance, so that a degree of fluctuation will also be agreed as acceptable. It is for instance common[citation needed] to agree to "US dollar denominated" debt.
The form of debt involved in banking accounts for a large proportion of the money in most industrialised nations (see money, broad money, and demand deposits for a discussion of this). There is therefore a relationship between inflation, deflation, the money supply, and debt. The store of value represented by the entire economy of the industrialized nation, and the state's ability to levy tax on it, acts to the foreign holder of debt as a guarantee of repayment, since industrial goods are in high demand in many places worldwide.
Inflation indexed debt[link]
Borrowing and repayment arrangements linked to inflation-indexed units of account are possible and are used in some countries. For example, the US government issues two types of inflation-indexed bonds, Treasury Inflation-Protected Securities (TIPS) and I-bonds. These are one of the safest forms of investment available, since the only major source of risk – that of inflation – is eliminated. A number of other governments issue similar bonds, and some did so for many years before the US government.
In countries with consistently high inflation, ordinary borrowings at banks may also be inflation indexed.[citation needed]
Metrics and functions[link]
Risk free interest rates[link]
Main article: risk-free interest rate
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Lendings to stable financial entities such as large companies or governments are often termed "risk free" or "low risk" and made at a so-called "risk-free interest rate". This is because the debt and interest are highly unlikely to be defaulted. A good example of such risk-free interest is a US Treasury security[dubious – discuss] - it yields the minimum return available in economics, but investors have the comfort of the (almost) certain expectation that the US Treasury will not default on its debt instruments. A risk-free rate is also commonly used in setting floating interest rates, which are usually calculated as the risk-free interest rate plus a bonus to the creditor based on the creditworthiness of the debtor (in other words, the risk of him or her defaulting and the creditor losing the debt). In reality, no lending is truly risk free, but borrowers at the "risk free" rate are considered the least likely to default.
However, if the real value of a currency changes during the term of the debt, the purchasing power of the money repaid may vary considerably from that which was expected at the commencement of the loan. So from a practical investment point of view, there is still considerable risk attached to "risk free" or "low risk" lendings. The real value of the money may have changed due to inflation, or, in the case of a foreign investment, due to exchange rate fluctuations.
The Bank for International Settlements is an organisation of central banks that sets rules to define how much capital banks have to hold against the loans they give out.
Ratings and creditworthiness[link]
Specific bond debts owed by both governments and private corporations is rated by rating agencies, such as Moody's, Fitch Ratings Inc., A. M. Best and Standard & Poor's. The government or company itself will also be given its own separate rating. These agencies assess the ability of the debtor to honor his obligations and accordingly give him or her a credit rating. Moody's uses the letters Aaa Aa A Baa Ba B Caa Ca C, where ratings Aa-Caa are qualified by numbers 1-3. Munich Re, for example, currently is rated Aa3 (as of 2004[update]). S&P and other rating agencies have slightly different systems using capital letters and +/- qualifiers.
A change in ratings can strongly affect a company, since its cost of refinancing depends on its creditworthiness. Bonds below Baa/BBB (Moody's/S&P) are considered junk- or high risk bonds. Their high risk of default (approximately 1.6% for Ba) is compensated by higher interest payments. Bad Debt is a loan that can not (partially or fully) be repaid by the debtor. The debtor is said to default on his debt. These types of debt are frequently repackaged and sold below face value. Buying junk bonds is seen as a risky but potentially profitable form of investment.
Consolidation[link]
Main article: Debt consolidation
Debt consolidation involves taking out one loan to pay off many others, i.e. combining multiple loans into a single loan. It is often done to secure a lower interest rate, secure a fixed interest rate, or for the convenience of servicing only one loan.[6][7]
Cancellation[link]
Main article: Debt relief
Short of bankruptcy, it is rare that debts are wholly or partially relinquished. Traditions in some cultures demand that this be done on a regular (often annual) basis, in order to prevent systemic inequities between groups in society, or anyone becoming a specialist in holding debt and coercing repayment. An example is the Biblical Jubilee year, described in the Book of Leviticus.
Under English law, when the creditor is deceived into relinquishing the debt, this is a crime under the Theft Act 1978.
International Third World debt has reached the scale that many economists are convinced that debt cancellation is the only way to restore global equity in relations with the developing nations.[citation needed]
Effects of debt[link]
Debt allows people and organizations to do things that they would otherwise not be able, or allowed, to do. Commonly, people in industrialised nations use it to purchase houses, cars and many other things too expensive to buy with cash on hand. Companies also use debt in many ways to leverage the investment made in their assets, "leveraging" the return on their equity. This leverage, the proportion of debt to equity, is considered important in determining the riskiness of an investment; the more debt per equity, the riskier. For both companies and individuals, this increased risk can lead to poor results, as the cost of servicing the debt can grow beyond the ability to pay due to either external events (income loss) or internal difficulties (poor management of resources).
Excesses in debt accumulation have been blamed for exacerbating economic problems.[8] For example, prior to the beginning of the Great Depression debt/GDP ratio was very high. Economic agents were heavily indebted. This excess of debt, equivalent to excessive expectations on future returns, accompanied asset bubbles on the stock markets. When expectations corrected, deflation and a credit crunch followed. Deflation effectively made debt more expensive and, as Fisher explained, this reinforced deflation again, because, in order to reduce their debt level, economic agents reduced their consumption and investment. The reduction in demand reduced business activity and caused further unemployment. In a more direct sense, more bankruptcies also occurred due both to increased debt cost caused by deflation and the reduced demand.
It is possible for some organizations to enter into alternative types of borrowing and repayment arrangements which will not result in bankruptcy. For example, companies can sometimes convert debt that they owe into equity in themselves. In this case, the creditor hopes to regain something equivalent to the debt and interest in the form of dividends and capital gains of the borrower. The "repayments" are therefore proportional to what the borrower earns and so can not in themselves cause bankruptcy. Once debt is converted in this way, it is no longer known as debt.
Criticism of debt[link]
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This section's citation style may be unclear. The references used may be made clearer with a different or consistent style of citation, footnoting, or external linking. (August 2011) |
Main article: Criticism of debt
Some argue against debt as an instrument and institution, on a personal, family, social, corporate and governmental level. Islam forbids lending with interest even today, while the Catholic Church allowed it from 1822 onwards, and the Torah states that all debts should be erased every 7 years and every 50 years (in the Jubilee year, as described in the Book of Leviticus).
Debt will increase through time if it is not repaid faster than it grows through interest. This effect may be termed usury, while the term "usury" in other contexts refers only to an excessive rate of interest, in excess of a reasonable profit for the risk accepted.
In international legal thought, Odious debt is debt that is incurred by a regime for purposes that do not serve the interest of the state. Such debts are thus considered by this doctrine to be personal debts of the regime that incurred them and not debts of the state.
In an economy with high interest rates, debt will be more costly to a business than more flexible dividends on equity investment. It may be easier for a struggling business to be financed through equity investment as it may be possible to avoid paying a dividend if times are hard.
At the household level, debts can also have detrimental effects. In particular when households make spending decisions assuming income to increase, or remain stable, for the years to come. When households take on credit based on this assumption, life events can easily change indebtedness into over-indebtedness. Such life events include unexpected unemployment, relationship break-up, leaving the parental home, business failure, illness, or home repairs. Over-indebtedness has severe social consequences, such as, financial hardship, poor physical and mental health, family stress, stigma, difficulty obtaining employment, exclusion from basic financial services (European Commission, 2009), work accidents and industrial disease, a strain on social relations (Carpentier and Van den Bosch, 2008), absenteeism at work and lack of organisational commitment (Kim et al., 2003), feeling of insecurity, and relational tensions.[9]
Levels and flows[link]
Main article: Debt levels and flows
Global debt underwriting grew 4.3% year-over-year to $5.19 trillion during 2004. It is expected to rise in the coming years if the spending habits of millions of people worldwide continue the way they do.
See also[link]
- Derivative (finance)
- Debt bondage
- Debtors' prison
- Dissaving
- Financial markets
- List of finance topics
- Revolving account
- Saving
- Time value of money
- Thomson Financial League Tables
References[link]
- ^ "Debt Definition". Investopedia. http://www.investopedia.com/terms/d/debt.asp. Retrieved 16 May 2012.
- ^ David Graeber: Debt: The First 5000 Years, Melville 2011. Cf. http://www.socialtextjournal.org/reviews/2011/10/review-of-david-graebers-debt.php
- ^ "What is Debt? – An Interview with Economic Anthropologist David Graeber". Naked Capitalism. http://www.nakedcapitalism.com/2011/08/what-is-debt-%E2%80%93-an-interview-with-economic-anthropologist-david-graeber.html.
- ^ Joseph Swanson and Peter Marshall, Houlihan Lokey and Lyndon Norley, Kirkland & Ellis International LLP (2008). A Practitioner's Guide to Corporate Restructuring page 5. City & Financial Publishing, 1st edition ISBN 978-1-905121-31-1
- ^ Formally, a discount of d% results in effective interest of Failed to parse (Missing texvc executable; please see math/README to configure.): d/(1-d)%.
- ^ Joan Ryan (14 January 2011). Personal Financial Literacy. Cengage Learning. pp. 292–. ISBN 978-0-8400-5829-4. http://books.google.com/books?id=zdWrPiSGXY4C&pg=PA292. Retrieved 13 December 2011.
- ^ "How to Consolidate Payday Loans". Eliminate Payday Loan Debt. 18 February 2012. http://www.eliminatepaydayloandebt.net/payday-loan-debt/how-to-consolidate-payday-loans/. Retrieved 16 May 2012.
- ^ 5 Ways to Get Out of Debt Faster. Kiplinger. 2007. http://www.webcastr.com/videos/informational/5-ways-to-get-out-of-debt-faster.html.
- ^ Dubois & Anderson (2010) Managing household debts: Social service provision in the EU. Working paper. Dublin: European Foundation for the Improvement of Living and Working Conditions. http://www.eurofound.europa.eu/areas/socialprotection/householdebts.htm
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This page contains text from Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Debt
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.jpg) Memorial near where Caylee Anthony's remains were found |
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| Date | Last reported seen June 16, 2008 Reported missing July 15, 2008 Remains found December 11, 2008 |
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| Location | Orlando, Florida |
| Suspect(s) | Casey Anthony, mother, put on trial May 24, 2011 |
| Verdict | July 5, 2011 Not guilty of first degree murder, aggravated child abuse, or aggravated manslaughter of a child. Guilty of four misdemeanor counts of providing false information to a law enforcement officer. |
Caylee Marie Anthony (August 9, 2005 – 2008) was an American two-year-old girl who was reported missing in Orlando, Florida, in July 2008, whose skeletal remains were found in a wooded area near her home in December 2008. Her then 22-year-old mother, Casey Marie Anthony, was tried for the first degree murder of Caylee but was acquitted. She was, however, convicted of misdemeanor counts of providing false information to police officers.
Caylee lived with her mother, Casey, and her maternal grandparents, George and Cindy Anthony. On July 15, 2008, Caylee was reported missing to 9-1-1 by Cindy, who said she had not seen Caylee for 31 days and that Casey's car smelled like a dead body had been inside of it. She said Casey had given varied explanations as to Caylee's whereabouts and finally admitted that day that she had not seen her daughter for weeks.[1] Casey fabricated various stories, including telling detectives the child had been kidnapped by a fictitious nanny on June 9, and that she had been trying to find her, too frightened to alert the authorities.[2] With the child still missing, Casey was charged with first degree murder in October and pled not guilty. On December 11, Caylee's skeletal remains were found with a blanket inside a trash bag in a wooded area near the family home.[3][4] Investigative reports and trial testimony alternated between duct tape being found near the front of the skull[5] and on the mouth of the skull.[3][6][7][8] The medical examiner mentioned duct tape as one reason she ruled the death a homicide, but officially listed it as "death by undetermined means".[9]
The trial lasted six weeks, from May to July 2011. The prosecution sought the death penalty[10] and alleged Casey murdered her daughter by administering chloroform, then applying duct tape, because she wanted to free herself from parental responsibilities. The defense team, led by Jose Baez, countered that the child had drowned accidentally in the family's swimming pool on June 16, 2008, and that Casey lied about this and other issues because of a dysfunctional upbringing, which they said included sexual abuse by her father. The defense did not present evidence as to how Caylee died, nor evidence that Casey was sexually abused as a child,[11] but challenged every piece of the prosecution's evidence, calling much of it "fantasy forensics".[12] Casey did not testify during the trial.
On July 5, the jury found Casey not guilty of first degree murder, aggravated child abuse, and aggravated manslaughter of a child, but guilty of four misdemeanor counts of providing false information to a law enforcement officer.[13] With credit for time served, she was released on July 17. The verdict was greeted with public outrage, and was both attacked and defended by media and legal commentators. Some complained that the jury misunderstood the meaning of reasonable doubt,[14] while others said the prosecution relied too heavily on the defendant's allegedly poor moral character because they had been unable to show conclusively how the victim had died.[15] Time magazine described the case as "the social media trial of the century".[16]
Contents |
Disappearance[link]
According to Casey Anthony's father, George Anthony, Casey left the family's home on June 16, 2008,[17] taking her daughter, Caylee (who was almost three) with her and did not return for 31 days.[18] Casey's mother Cindy asked repeatedly during the month to see Caylee, but Casey claimed that she was too busy with a work assignment in Tampa, Florida. At other times, she said Caylee was with a nanny, who Casey identified by the name of Zenaida "Zanny" Fernandez-Gonzalez, or at theme parks or the beach.[19] It was eventually determined that a woman named Zenaida Fernandez-Gonzalez did in fact exist, but that she had never met Casey Anthony, Caylee Anthony, any member of the Anthony family, or any of Casey's friends.[20]
On July 13, 2008, while doing yard work, Cindy and George Anthony found a notice from the post office for a certified letter affixed on their front door. George Anthony picked up the certified letter from the post office on July 15, 2008, and found that his daughter's car was in a tow yard.[21] When George picked up the car, both he and the tow yard attendant noted a strong smell coming from the trunk. Both later stated that they believed the odor to be that of a decomposing body.[22] When the trunk was opened, it contained a bag of trash, but no human remains.[23]
Cindy Anthony reported Caylee missing that day, July 15, to the Orange County Sheriff's Office.[17] During the same telephone call, Casey Anthony confirmed to the 911 operator that Caylee had been missing for 31 days. Sounding distraught, Cindy said: "There is something wrong. I found my daughter's car today and it smells like there's been a dead body in the damn car."[24]
Case[link]
See also: Timeline of Casey Anthony case
Investigation[link]
When Detective Yuri Melich, with the Orange County Sheriff's Department, began investigating the disappearance of Caylee Anthony, he found discrepancies in Casey's signed statement.[25] When questioned, Casey said Caylee had been kidnapped by Zenaida Fernandez-Gonzalez, who she also identified as "Zanny", Caylee's nanny. Although Casey had talked about her, Zanny had never been seen by Casey's family or friends, and in fact there was no nanny.[19][26] Casey also told police that she was working at Universal Studios, a lie she had been telling her parents for years. Investigators brought Casey to Universal Studios on July 16, 2008, the day after Caylee was reported missing, and asked her to show them her office. Casey led police around for a while before admitting that she had been fired years before.[27][28]
Casey Anthony was first arrested on July 16, 2008,[17] and was charged the following day with giving false statements to law enforcement, child neglect, and obstruction of a criminal investigation. The judge denied bail, saying Casey had shown "woeful disregard for the welfare of her child".[26] On August 21, 2008, after one month of incarceration, she was released from the Orange County jail after her $500,200 bond was posted by the nephew of California bail bondsman Leonard Padilla[29] in hopes that she would cooperate and Caylee would be found.[30]
On August 11, 12, and 13, 2008, meter reader Roy Kronk called police about a suspicious object found in a forested area near the Anthony residence.[31] In the first instance, he was directed by the sheriff's office to call the tip line, which he did, receiving no return call. On the second instance, he again called the sheriff's office, eventually was met by two police officers and reported to them that he had seen what appeared to be a skull near a gray bag.[32][33] On that occasion, the officer conducted a short search and stated he did not see anything. On December 11, 2008, Kronk again called the police. They searched and found the remains of a child in a trash bag.[3] Investigative teams recovered duct tape which was hanging from Caylee's hair and some tissue left on her skull.[3] Over the next four days, more bones were found in the wooded area near the spot where the remains initially had been discovered.[3][34] [35][36] On December 19, 2008, medical examiner Dr. Jan Garavaglia confirmed that the remains found were those of Caylee Anthony. The death was ruled a homicide and the cause of death listed as undetermined.[37]
Arrests and charges[link]
Casey Anthony was offered a limited immunity deal on July 29, 2008, by prosecutors related to "the false statements given to law enforcement about locating her child", which was renewed on August 25, to expire August 28.[38] She did not take it.[39]
On September 5, 2008, she was released again on bail on all pending charges after being fitted with an electronic tracking device.[40] Her $500,000 bond was posted by her parents, Cindy and George Anthony, who signed a promissory note for the bond.[41][42]
On October 14, 2008, Casey Anthony was indicted by a grand jury on charges of first degree murder, aggravated child abuse, aggravated manslaughter of a child, and four counts of providing false information to police. She was later arrested.[43][44] Judge John Jordan ordered that she be held without bond.[45] On October 21, 2008, the charges of child neglect were dropped against Casey, according to the State Attorney's Office because "[as] the evidence proved that the child was deceased, the State sought an indictment on the legally appropriate charges."[46] On October 28 Anthony was arraigned and pled not guilty to all charges.[47]
On April 13, 2009, prosecutors announced that they planned to seek the death penalty in the case.[48]
Evidence[link]
Four-hundred pieces of evidence were presented.[11] A strand of hair was recovered from the trunk of Casey's car which was microscopically similar[49] to hair taken from Caylee Anthony's hairbrush.[50] The strand showed "root-banding," in which hair roots form a dark band after death, which was consistent with hair from a dead body.[49]
The discoverer of the remains repeated the same basic story that he had told police.[51] On Friday, October 24, 2008, a forensic report by Dr. Arpad Vass of the Oak Ridge National Laboratory judged that results from an air sampling procedure (called LIBS) performed in the trunk of Casey Anthony's car showed chemical compounds "consistent with a decompositional event" based on the presence of five key chemical compounds out of over 400 possible chemical compounds that Dr. Vass' research group considers typical of decomposition. Investigators stated that the trunk smelled strongly of human decomposition,[52] but human decomposition was not specified on the laboratory scale. The process has not been affirmed by a Daubert Test in the courts.[53] Dr. Vass' group also stated there was chloroform in the car trunk.[54]
In October 2009, officials released 700 pages of documents related to the Anthony investigation, which included records of Google searches of the terms "neck breaking" and "how to make chloroform" on a computer accessible to Casey Anthony, presented by the prosecutors as evidence of a crime.[52][55][56]
According to detectives, crime scene evidence included residue of a heart-shaped sticker found on duct tape over the mouth of Caylee's skull.[3][6][7][8] However, the laboratory was not able to capture a heart-shape photographically after some duct tape was subjected to dye testing.[8] A blanket was found at the crime scene that matched Caylee's bedding at her grandparents' home.[4]
Among photos that were entered into evidence was one from the computer of Ricardo Morales, an ex-boyfriend of Casey Anthony, that depicts a poster with the caption "Win her over with Chloroform".[57]
Witness John Dennis Bradley's software, developed for computer investigations, was used by the prosecution to indicate that Casey Anthony had conducted extensive computer searches on the word "chloroform" 84 times, suggesting that Anthony had planned to commit murder.[58] On June 21, Bradley discovered that a flaw in the software misread the forensic data and that the word "chloroform" had been searched for only one time and the website in question offered information on the use of chloroform in the 19th century. He immediately alerted prosecutor Linda Burdick and Sgt. Kevin Stenger of the Sheriff’s Office the weekend of June 25 about the discrepancy, and volunteered to fly to Orlando at his own expense to show them.[58][59] The prosecution stated they discussed the issue with defense attorney Jose Baez on June 27 and he raised the issue in court testimony and in closing.[60] Baez also asked Judge Perry to instruct the jury about this search information, but prosecutors disputed this and it was not done. On July 5, prosecutors state that, during deliberations, they were about to give the jury the corrected information; however, the jury reached a verdict before they could do so. One legal analyst stated that if the jury had found Anthony guilty before receiving the exculpatory evidence, the prosecution's failure to fully disclose it could have been grounds for a mistrial.[61]
Criminal trial[link]
Attorneys and jury[link]
The lead prosecutor in the case was Assistant State Attorney Linda Drane Burdick. Assistant State Attorneys Frank George and Jeff Ashton completed the prosecution team.[62] Lead counsel for the defense was Jose Baez, a Florida criminal defense attorney. Attorneys J. Cheney Mason, Dorothy Clay Sims, and Ann Finnell served as co-counsel.[63] During the trial, attorney Mark Lippman represented George and Cindy Anthony.[64]
Selection of the jury began on May 9, 2011, at the Pinellas County Criminal Justice Center in Clearwater, Florida, because the case had been so widely reported in the Orlando area. Jurors were brought from Pinellas County to Orlando.[65] Jury selection took longer than expected and ended on May 20, 2011, with twelve jurors and five alternates being sworn in.[66] The panel contained nine women and eight men. The trial took six weeks, during which time the jury was sequestered to avoid influence from information available outside the courtroom.[67]
Opening statements and witness testimony[link]
The trial began on May 24, 2011, at the Orange County Courthouse, with Judge Belvin Perry presiding. In the opening statements, lead prosecutor Linda Drane Burdick described the story of the disappearance of Caylee Anthony day-by-day.[68] The prosecution alleged an intentional murder and sought the death penalty against Casey Anthony.[69] Prosecutors stated that Anthony used chloroform to render her daughter unconscious before putting duct tape over her nose and mouth to suffocate her, and left Caylee's body in the trunk of her car for a few days before disposing of it.[4] They painted Anthony as a party girl who killed her daughter to free herself from parental responsibility and enjoy her personal life.[70]
The defense, led by Jose Baez, claimed in opening statements that Caylee drowned accidentally in the family's pool on June 16, 2008, and was found by George Anthony, who told Casey she would spend the rest of her life in jail for child neglect and then proceeded to cover up Caylee’s death. Baez argued this is why Casey Anthony went on with her life and failed to report the incident for 31 days. He alleged that it was the habit of a lifetime for Casey to hide her pain and pretend nothing was wrong because she had been sexually abused by George Anthony since she was eight years old and her brother Lee also had made advances toward her.[68] He admitted that Casey had lied about there being a nanny named Zenaida Fernandez-Gonzales.[71] Baez also questioned whether Roy Kronk, the meter reader who found the bones, actually had removed them from another location. And he alleged the police department botched the investigation because of their desire to feed a media frenzy about a child’s murder rather than a more mundane drowning.[72]
Prosecutors called George Anthony as their first witness, and, in a response to their question, he denied having sexually abused his daughter Casey.[73] Anthony testified he did not smell anything resembling human decomposition in Casey's car when she visited him on June 24,[57] but he did smell something similar to human decomposition when he picked the car up on July 15.[74] Cindy Anthony testified that her comment to 9-1-1 that Casey’s car smelled "like someone died" was just a "figure of speech".[75]
Baez asked an FBI analyst about the paternity test the FBI conducted to see if Lee was Caylee's father. She told the jury the test had come back negative.[76]
Regarding a photo on the computer of Ricardo Morales, an ex-boyfriend of Casey Anthony, depicting a poster with the caption "Win her over with Chloroform," Morales said that the photo was on his Myspace page and that he had never discussed chloroform with Anthony or searched for chloroform on her computer.[57]
The prosecution called John Dennis Bradley, a former Canadian law enforcement officer who develops software for computer investigations, to analyze a data file from a desktop taken from the Anthony home.[58] Bradley said he was able to use a program to recover deleted searches from March 17 and March 21, 2008, and that someone searched the website Sci-spot.com for "chloroform" 84 times. Bradley expressed his belief that "some of these items might have been bookmarked". Under cross-examination by the defense, Bradley agreed there were two individual accounts on the desktop and that there was no way to know who actually performed the searches.[56] Bradley later discovered that his analysis was inaccurate and that there was only one search for chloroform, though this information was not presented to jurors by the prosecution (see above).[58][60][61]
K9 handler Jason Forgey testified that Gerus, a German shepherd cadaver dog certified in 2005, indicated a high alert of human decomposition in the trunk of Casey Anthony's car, saying the police dog has had real-world searches numbering "over three thousand by now". During cross-examination, Baez argued that the dog’s search records were "hearsay".[77] Sgt. Kristin Brewer also testified that her K9 partner, Bones, signaled decomposition in the backyard during a search in July 2008. However, neither K9 partner was able to detect decomposition during a second visit to the Anthony home. Brewer explained that this was because whatever had been in the yard was either moved or the odor dissipated.[78]
The prosecution called the chief medical examiner Dr. Jan Garavaglia to the stand, who testified that she determined Caylee's manner of death to be homicide but listed it as "death by undetermined means". Garavaglia took into account the physical evidence present on the remains she examined, as well as all the available information on the way they were found and what she had been told by the authorities, before arriving at her determination. "We know by our observations that it's a red flag when a child has not been reported to authorities with injury, there's foul play," Garavaglia said. " ... There is no child that should have duct tape on [the lower part of] its face when it dies." Additionally, Garavaglia addressed the chloroform evidence found by investigators inside the trunk of Casey Anthony's car, testifying that even a small amount of chloroform would be sufficient to cause the death of a child.[9]
University of Florida professor and human identification laboratory director Michael Warren was brought on by the prosecution to present a computer animation of the way duct tape could have been used in the death of the child, which the defense objected to hearing. Judge Perry, after a short recess to review, ruled that the video could be shown to the jury. The animation featured a picture of Caylee Anthony taken alongside Casey Anthony, superimposed with an image of Caylee's decomposed skull, and another with a strip of duct tape that was recovered with her remains. The images were slowly brought together showing that the duct tape could have covered her nose and mouth. Baez stated, "This disgusting superimposition is nothing more than a fantasy ...They're throwing things against the wall and seeing if it sticks." Jurors were seen taking notes of the imagery, and Warren testified that it was his opinion that the duct tape found with Caylee's skull was placed there before her body began decomposing.[9]
FBI latent print examiner Elizabeth Fontaine testified that adhesive in the shape of a heart was found on a corner of a piece of duct tape that was covering the mouth portion of Caylee's remains during ultraviolet testing. Fontaine examined three pieces of duct tape found on Caylee's remains for fingerprints, and said she did not find fingerprints but did not expect to, given the months the tape and the remains had been outdoors and exposed to the elements, stressing that any oil or sweat from a person's fingertips would have long since deteriorated. Though Fontaine showed the findings to her supervisor, she did not initially try to photograph the heart-shaped adhesive, explaining, "When I observe something is unexpected, I note it and continue with my examination." During the defense's cross-examination, Fontaine explained that when she examined the sticker evidence a second time, after subjecting the tape to dye testing, "It was no longer visible."[8][79] She said that other FBI agents had tested the duct tape in the interim.[79]
The defense called two government witnesses who countered prosecution witness testimony about the duct tape. The chief investigator for the medical examiner stated that the original placement of the duct tape was unclear and it could have shifted positions as he collected the remains.[5] Cindy Anthony testified that their family buried their pets in blankets and plastic bags, using duct tape to seal the opening.[80] Additionally, an FBI forensic document examiner found no evidence of a sticker or sticker residue on the duct tape found near the child's remains.[76][81]
The defense called forensic pathologist Dr. Werner Spitz, who performed a second autopsy on Caylee after Garavagli and challenged Garavaglia's autopsy report. He called her autopsy "shoddy," saying it was a failure that Caylee's skull was not opened during her examination. "You need to examine the whole body in an autopsy," he said. Spitz stated that he was not allowed to attend Garavaglia's initial autopsy on Caylee's remains, and that, from his own follow-up autopsy, he was not comfortable ruling the child's death a homicide. He said he could not determine what Caylee Anthony's manner of death was, but said that there was no indication to him that she was murdered. Additionally, Spitz testified that he believed the duct tape found on Caylee's skull was placed there after the body decomposed, opining that if tape was placed on the skin, there should have been DNA left on it, and suggested that someone may have staged some of the crime scene photos. "The person who took this picture, the person who prepared this, put the hair there," stated Spitz. When asked by Ashton during cross-examination, "So your testimony is the medical examiner's personnel took the hair that wasn't on the skull, placed it there?", Spitz answered, "It wouldn't be the first time, sir. I can tell you some horror stories about that."[82]
Baez called Cindy Anthony to the stand, who told jurors she had been the one who performed the "chloroform" search on the family computer in March 2008. The prosecution alleged that only Casey Anthony could have conducted this search and the others because she was the only one home at the time. When asked by prosecutors how she could have made the Internet searches when employment records show she was at work, Cindy Anthony said despite what her work time sheet indicates, she was at home during these time periods because she left from work early during the days in question.[83]
The judge temporarily halted proceedings on June 25 when the defense filed a motion to determine if Anthony was competent to proceed with trial. The motion states the defense received a privileged communication from their client which caused them to believe "...Ms. Anthony is not competent to aid and assist in her own defense".[84] The trial resumed on June 27 when the judge announced that the results of the psychological evaluations showed Anthony was competent to proceed.[85] Later, in testimony about air samples, Dr. Ken Furton, a professor of chemistry at Florida International University, stated that there is no consensus in the field on what chemicals are typical of human decomposition.[85] Judge Perry ruled that the jury would not get to smell air samples taken from the trunk.[11]
On June 27, the defense called two private investigators who, in November 2008, had searched the area where the body was later found. The search was videotaped, but nothing was found.[86] On June 28, the defense called a Texas EquuSearch team leader who did two searches of the area and found no body.[87] The defense then called Roy Kronk, who recounted the same basic story he told police about his discovery of Caylee Anthony's remains in December 2008.[51] He acknowledged receiving $5,000 after the remains were identified, but denied that he told his son that finding the body would make him rich and famous.[87] The next day, his son testified he had made such statements.[88]
On June 30, the defense called Krystal Holloway, a volunteer in the search for Caylee, who stated that she had an affair with George Anthony, he had been to her home and that he had texted her, "Just thinking about you. I need you in my life." She told the defense that George Anthony had told her that Caylee's death was "an accident that snowballed out of control." Under cross-examination by prosecutors, they pointed to her sworn police statement in which she says George Anthony believes it was an accident, rather than knowing that it was. In her initial report, Holloway reported George Anthony saying, "I really believe that it was an accident that just went wrong and (Casey Anthony) tried to cover it up." She said he had not told her he was present when the alleged accident occurred.[89][90] During redirect examination, Baez asked Holloway if Anthony told her Caylee was dead while stating publicly she was missing, and she said yes.[91]
In his earlier testimony, George Anthony denied the affair with Holloway and said he only visited her because she was ill.[89] He said he sent the text message because he needed everyone who had helped in his life.[91] After Holloway's testimony, Judge Perry told jurors that it could be used to impeach George Anthony's credibility, but that it was not proof of how Caylee died and/or evidence of Casey Anthony's guilt or innocence.[89]
The prosecution rested its case on June 15, after calling 59 witnesses for 70 different testimonies. The defense rested its case on June 30, after calling 47 witnesses for 63 different testimonies.[92][93] Casey Anthony did not testify.[94]
On June 30 and July 1, the prosecutor presented rebuttal arguments, beginning by showing the jury photographs of Caylee’s clothes and George’s suicide note.[91] It called two representatives of Cindy Anthony’s former employer who explained why their computer login system shows Cindy was at work the afternoon she said she went home early and searched her computer for information about chloroform. A police computer analyst testified someone had purposely searched online for “neck + breaking.” Another analyst testified she did not find evidence that Cindy Anthony had searched certain terms she claimed to have searched. Anthropology professor Dr. Michael Warren from the University of Florida was recalled to rebut a defense witness on the need to open a skull during an autopsy. The lead detective stated that there were no phone calls between Cindy and George Anthony during the week of June 16, 2008. However, he told the defense he did not know that George had a second cell phone.[95][96]
Closing arguments[link]
Closing arguments were heard July 3 and July 4.[97] Jeff Ashton, for the prosecution, told the jury, "When you have a child, that child becomes your life. This case is about the clash between that responsibility, and the expectations that go with it, and the life that Casey Anthony wanted to have."[70] He outlined the state's case against Casey Anthony, touching on her many lies to her parents and others, the smell in her car's trunk—identified by several witnesses, including her own father, as the odor from human decomposition—and the items found with Caylee's skeletal remains in December 2008.[4] He emphasized how Anthony "maintains her lies until they absolutely cannot be maintained any more" and then replaces [them] with another lie, using "Zanny the Nanny" as an example. Anthony repeatedly told police that Caylee was with the nanny that she specifically identifies as Zenaida Fernandez-Gonzalez. Police, however, were never able to find the nanny. Authorities did find a woman named Zenaida Fernandez-Gonzalez, but she denied ever meeting the Anthonys.[4]
Ashton reintroduced the items found with Caylee's remains, including a Winnie the Pooh blanket that matched the bedding at her grandparents' home, one of a set of laundry bags with the twin bag found at the Anthony home, and duct tape he said was a relatively rare brand. "That bag is Caylee's coffin", Ashton said, holding up a photograph of the laundry bag, as Casey Anthony reacted with emotion.[4] He further criticized the defense's theory that Caylee drowned in the Anthony pool and that Casey and George Anthony panicked upon finding the child's body and covered up her death. He advised jurors to use their common sense when deciding on a verdict. "No one makes an accident look like murder", he said.[4]
Before closing arguments, Judge Perry ruled that the defense could argue that a drowning occurred due to reasonable conclusions aided by witness testimony,[98] but that arguing sexual abuse was not allowed since there was nothing to support the claim that George Anthony sexually abused Casey Anthony.[4] Baez contended that there were holes in the prosecution's forensic evidence, saying it was based on a "fantasy". He told the jury that the prosecution wanted them to see stains and insects that did not really exist, that they had not proven that the stains in Anthony's car trunk were caused by Caylee's decomposing body, rather than from a trash bag found there. He added that the prosecutors tried to make his client look like a promiscuous liar because their evidence was weak.[70] He said the drowning is "the only explanation that makes sense" and showed jurors a photograph of Caylee opening the home's sliding glass door by herself. He stressed that there were no child safety locks in the home and that both of Casey Anthony's parents, George and Cindy Anthony, testified that Caylee could get out of the house easily.[4] Although Cindy Anthony testified that Caylee could not put the ladder on the side of the pool and climb up, Baez alleged that Cindy Anthony may have left the ladder up the night before. "She didn't admit to doing so in testimony", he said, "but how much guilt would she have knowing it was her that left the ladder up that day?"[4]
Defense attorney Jose Baez told jurors his biggest fear was that they would base their verdict on emotions, not evidence. "The strategy behind that is, if you hate her, if you think she's a lying, no-good slut, then you'll start to look at this evidence in a different light", he said. "I told you at the very beginning of this case that this was an accident that snowballed out of control... What made it unique is not what happened, but who it happened to." He explained Casey Anthony's behavior as being the result of her dysfunctional family situation. At one point as Baez spoke, Ashton could be seen smiling or chuckling behind his hand. This prompted Baez to refer to him as "this laughing guy right here". The judge called a sidebar conference, then a recess. When court resumed, he chastised both sides, saying both Ashton and Baez had violated his order that neither side should make disparaging remarks about opposing counsel. After both attorneys apologized, the judge accepted the apologies but warned that a recurrence would have the offending attorney excluded from the courtroom.[4]
Defense attorney Cheney Mason then followed with an additional closing argument. Addressing the jury to discuss the charges against Casey Anthony. "The burden rests on the shoulders of my colleagues at the state attorney's office", Mason said, referring to proving that Casey Anthony committed a crime. Mason said that the jurors are required, whether they like it or not, to find the defendant not guilty if the state did not adequately prove its case against Casey Anthony.[70][99] Mason emphasized that the burden of proof is on the state, and that Casey Anthony's decision not to testify is not an implication of guilt.[70]
Lead prosecutor Linda Drane Burdick in the prosecution rebuttal told the jurors that she and her colleagues backed up every claim they made in their opening statement six weeks ago, and implied that the defense never directly backed up their own opening-statement claims.[70] "My biggest fear is that common sense will be lost in all the rhetoric of the case," she said, insisting that she would never ask the jury to make their decision based on emotion but rather the evidence.[100] "Responses to guilt are oh, so predictable," she stated. "What do guilty people do? They lie, they avoid, they run, they mislead... they divert attention away from themselves and they act like nothing is wrong." She suggested that the garbage bag in the trunk of the car was a "decoy" put there to keep people from getting suspicious about the smell of the car when she left it abandoned in a parking stall directly beside a dumpster in an Amscot parking lot. "Whose life was better without Caylee?" she asked, stressing how George and Cindy Anthony were wondering where their daughter and granddaughter were in June and July 2008, the same time Casey was staying at her boyfriend’s apartment while Caylee's body was decomposing in the woods. "That’s the only question you need to answer in considering why Caylee Marie Anthony was left on the side of the road dead." Burdick then showed the jury a split-screen with a photo of Casey partying at a night club on one side and a close-up of the "Bella Vita" (meaning "Beautiful Life") tattoo that she got weeks after Caylee died on the other.[100]
The jury began deliberations on July 4.[101]
Verdict and sentence[link]
On July 5, 2011, the jury found Casey Anthony not guilty of first-degree murder, aggravated manslaughter of a child, or aggravated child abuse. She was found guilty on four misdemeanor counts of providing false information to a law enforcement officer.
On July 7, 2011, sentencing arguments were heard. The defense asked for the sentencing to be based on one count of lying on the grounds that the offenses occurred as part of a single interview with police dealing with the same matter, the disappearance of her daughter, as one continuous lie. The defense also argued for concurrent sentences, that is for all four counts to become one count and the sentence to run together as one. The judge disagreed with defense arguments, finding that Anthony's statements consisted of "four distinct, separate lies" ordered the sentences be served consecutively, noting that "Law enforcement expended a great deal of time, energy and manpower looking for Caylee Marie Anthony. This search went on from July through December, over several months, trying to find Caylee Marie Anthony."[102][103] Judge Perry sentenced her as follows:
- Count Four: The defendant told law enforcement that she was employed at Universal Studios during 2008, pursuant to the investigation of a missing persons report.
- Count Five: The defendant told law enforcement that she had left Caylee at an apartment complex with a babysitter causing law enforcement to pursue the missing babysitter.
- Count Six: The defendant told law enforcement that she informed two "employees" of Universal Studios, Jeff Hopkins and Juliet Lewis, at Universal, of the disappearance of Caylee.
- Count Seven: The defendant told law enforcement that she had received a call and spoke to Caylee on July 15, 2008, causing law enforcement to expend further resources.[103]
Perry sentenced Casey Anthony to one year in the county jail and $1,000 in fines for each of the four counts of providing false information to a law enforcement officer, the maximum penalty prescribed by law. She received 1043 days credit[104] for time served plus additional credit for good behavior, resulting in her release on July 17, 2011.[105] Anthony filed a notice of appeal on July 15, 2011.[106][107]
In September 2011 Judge Perry, complying with a Florida statute requiring judges to assess investigative and prosecution costs if requested by a state agency, ruled that Casey Anthony must pay $217,000 to the state of Florida. He ruled she had to pay those costs directly related to lying to law enforcement about the death of Caylee, including search costs up only up to September 30, 2008, when the Sheriff's Office stopped investigating a missing-child case.[108][109] In earlier arguments Attorney Cheney Mason had called the prosecutors' attempts to exact the larger sum "sour grapes" because the prosecution lost its case. He told reporters that Anthony is indigent.[110]
Media coverage[link]
Initial coverage[link]
The case attracted a significant amount of national media attention, and was regularly the main topic of many TV talk shows, including those hosted by Greta Van Susteren, Nancy Grace, Geraldo Rivera, and others. It has been featured on Fox's America's Most Wanted,[111] NBC's Dateline, and ABC's 20/20. Nancy Grace referred to Casey Anthony as the "tot mom"[112][113][114] and urged the public to let "the professionals, the psychics and police" do their jobs.[17][115][116][117][118]
Casey Anthony's parents, Cindy and George, appeared on The Today Show on October 22, 2008. They maintained their belief that Caylee was alive and would be found.[119] Larry Garrison, president of SilverCreek Entertainment, was their spokesman until he resigned in November 2008, citing that he was leaving due to "the Anthony family's erratic behavior".[120]
More than 6,000 pages of evidence released by the Orange County Sheriff's Department, including hundreds of instant messages between Casey and her ex-boyfriend Tony Rusciano, were the subject of increased scrutiny by the media for clues and possible motives in the homicide.[121] Outside the Anthony home, WESH TV 2 reported that protesters repeatedly shouted "baby killer"[122] and that George Anthony was physically attacked.[123] George Anthony was reported missing on January 22, 2009, after he failed to show up for a meeting with his lawyer, Brad Conway. George was found in a Daytona Beach hotel the next day after sending messages to family members threatening suicide. He was taken to Halifax Hospital for psychiatric evaluation[124] and later released.
Trial coverage[link]
The trial was commonly compared to the O. J. Simpson murder case, both for its widespread media attention and initial shock at the not-guilty verdict.[16][125][126] At the start of the trial, dozens of people raced to the Orange County Courthouse, hoping to secure one of 50 seats open to the public at the murder trial.[127] Because the case received such thorough media attention in Orlando, jurors were brought in from Pinellas County, Florida, and sequestered for the entire trial. The case became a "macabre tourist attraction", as people camped outside for seats in the courtroom, where scuffles also broke out among those wanting seats inside.[128] The New York Post described the trial as going "from being a newsworthy case to one of the biggest ratings draws in recent memory",[129] and Time magazine dubbed it "the social media trial of the century".[16] Cable news channels and network news programs became intent upon covering the case as extensively as they could. Scot Safon, executive vice president of HLN, said it was "not about policy" but rather the "very, very strong human dimension" of the case that drove the network to cover it.[129] The audience for HLN's Nancy Grace rose more than 150 percent, and other news channels deciding to focus on the trial saw their ratings double and triple.[129] HLN achieved its most watched hour in network history (4.575 million) and peaked at 5.205 million when the verdict was read.[130] According to The Christian Post, the O. J. Simpson case had a 91 percent television viewing audience, with 142 million people listening by radio and watching television as the verdict was delivered. "The Simpson case was the longest trial ever held in California, costing more than $20 million to fight and defend, running up 50,000 pages of trial transcript in the process." The Casey Anthony trial was expected to "far exceed" these numbers.[125]
Opinions varied on what made the public thoroughly invested in the trial. Safon argued the Anthonys having been a regular and "unremarkable" family with complex relationships made them intriguing to watch.[129] Frank Farley of CNN described the circumstantial evidence as "all over the map" and that combined with "the apparent lying, significant contradictions and flip-flops of testimony, and questionable or bizarre theories of human behavior, it is little wonder that this nation [was] glued to the tube". He said it was a trial that was both a psychologist's dream and nightmare, and believes that much of the public's fascination [had] to do with the uncertainty of a motive for the crime.[131] Psychologist Dr. Karyl McBride discussed how some mothers stray away from "the saintly archetype" expected of mothers. "We want so badly to hang onto the belief system that mothers don't harm children," she stated. "It's fascinating that the defense in the Anthony case found a way to blame the father. While we don't know what is true and maybe never will, it is worth taking a look at the narcissistic family when maternal narcissism rules the roost. Casey Anthony is a beautiful white woman and the fact that the case includes such things as sex, lies, and videotapes makes it irresistible."[125]
When the not-guilty verdict was rendered, there was significant outcry among the general public and media that the jury made the wrong decision.[126] Outside the courthouse, many in the crowd of 500 reacted with anger, chanting their disapproval and waving protest signs.[128] People took to Facebook and Twitter, as well as other social media outlets, to express their outrage. Traffic to news sites surged from about two million page views a minute to 3.3 million, with most of the visits coming from the United States. Mashable reported that between 2 pm and 3 pm, one million viewers were watching CNN.com/live, 30 times higher than the previous month's average. Twitter's trending topics in the United States were mostly about the subjects related to the case, and Newser reported that posts on Facebook were coming in "too fast for all Facebook to even count them, meaning at least 10 per second".[132] Some people referred to the verdict as "O.J. Number 2", and various media personalities and celebrities expressed outrage via Twitter.[126][133][134] News anchor Julie Chen became visibly upset while reading the not-guilty verdict on The Talk and had to be assisted by her fellow co-hosts, who also expressed their dismay.[135][136]
Others, such as Sean Hannity of the Fox News Channel, felt the verdict was fair because the prosecution did not have enough evidence to establish guilt or meet its burden of proof beyond a reasonable doubt. Hannity said that the verdict was legally correct, and that all of the evidence that was presented by the prosecution was either impeached or contradicted by the defense.[137] John Cloud of Time magazine echoed these sentiments, saying the jury made the right call: "Anthony got off because the prosecution couldn't answer [the questions]," Cloud stated. "Because the prosecutors had so little physical evidence, they built their case on Anthony's (nearly imperceptible) moral character. The prosecutors seemed to think that if jurors saw what a fantastic liar Anthony was, they would understand that she could also be a murderer."[15]
Disagreement with the verdict was heavily debated by the media, lawyers and psychologists, who put forth several theories for public dissatisfaction with the decision, ranging from wanting justice for Caylee, to the circumstantial evidence having been strong enough, to some blaming the media.[138][139] UCLA forensic psychiatrist Dr. Carole Lieberman, said, "The main reason that people are reacting so strongly is that the media convicted Casey before the jury decided on the verdict. The public has been whipped up into this frenzy wanting revenge for this poor little adorable child. And because of the desire for revenge, they've been whipped up into a lynch mob." She added, "Nobody likes a liar, and Anthony was a habitual liar. And nobody liked the fact that she was partying after Caylee's death. Casey obviously has a lot of psychological problems. Whether she murdered her daughter or not is another thing."[126]
There was a gender gap in perceptions to the case. According to a USA Today/Gallup Poll of 1,010 respondents, about two-thirds of Americans (64 percent) believed Casey Anthony "definitely" or "probably" murdered her daughter; however, women were much more likely than men to believe the murder charges against Anthony and to be upset by the not-guilty verdict. The poll reported that women were more than twice as likely as men, 28 percent versus 11 percent, to think Anthony "definitely" committed murder. Twenty-seven percent of women said they were angry about the verdict, compared with nine percent of men.[140][141] On the day Casey Anthony was sentenced for lying to investigators in the death of her daughter, supporters and protesters gathered outside the Orange County Courthouse, with one man who displayed a sign asking Anthony to marry him. Two men who drove overnight from West Virginia held signs that said, "We love and support you Casey Anthony," and "Nancy Grace, stop trying to ruin innocent lives. The jury has spoken. P.S. Our legal system still works!"[142] The gender gap has partly been explained by "the maternal instinct". The idea of a mother murdering her own child is a threat to the ideal of motherhood.[140][141]
Explanations other than, or emphasizing, the prosecution's lack of forensic evidence were given for the jury's decision. A number of media commentators reasoned that the prosecution overcharged the case by tagging on the death penalty, concluding that people in good conscience could not sentence Anthony to death based on the circumstantial evidence presented.[139][143] The CSI effect was also extensively argued—that society now lives "in a 'CSI age' where everyone expects fingerprints and DNA, and we are sending a message that old-fashioned circumstantial evidence is not sufficient".[139] Likewise, commentators such as O. J. Simpson case prosecutor Marcia Clark believe that the jury interpreted "reasonable doubt" too narrowly.[14] Clark said instruction on reasonable doubt is "the hardest, most elusive" instruction of all. "And I think it's where even the most fair-minded jurors can get derailed," she said, opining the confusion between reasonable doubt and a reason to doubt. "In Scotland, they have three verdicts: guilty, not guilty, and not proven. It's one way of showing that even if the jury didn't believe the evidence amounted to proof beyond a reasonable doubt, it didn't find the defendant innocent either. There's a difference."[14]
Aftermath[link]
Defense, prosecution, and jury[link]
Following the criminal trial, Cheney Mason, one of Casey Anthony's defense attorneys, took the stance of those blaming the media for the passionate hatred toward his client. He termed it a "media assassination" of Anthony before and during the trial, saying, "I hope that this is a lesson to those of you who have indulged in media assassination for three years, bias, and prejudice, and incompetent talking heads saying what would be and how to be." Mason added: "I can tell you that my colleagues from coast to coast and border to border have condemned this whole process of lawyers getting on television and talking about cases that they don't know a damn thing about, and don't have the experience to back up their words or the law to do it. Now you have learned a lesson."[144][145]
Mason's response was viewed as especially critical of Nancy Grace, whose news program is cited as having "almost single-handedly inflated the Anthony case from a routine local murder into a national obsession".[145][146] Grace said that she did not understand why Mason would care what pundits are saying, and that she imagines she has tried and covered as many cases as Mason. She criticized the defense attorneys for delivering media criticism before mentioning Caylee's name in their post-verdict news conference, and said she disagrees with the verdict.[145] At a meeting of local professionals, named the Tiger Bay Club of Tampa, Mason told the media and those in attendance that he was surprised by the not-guilty verdict.[147]
State's Attorney Lawson Lamar said, "We're disappointed in the verdict today because we know the facts and we've put in absolutely every piece of evidence that existed. This is a dry-bones case. Very, very difficult to prove. The delay in recovering little Caylee's remains worked to our considerable disadvantage."[128] Jose Baez said, "While we're happy for Casey, there are no winners in this case. Caylee has passed on far, far too soon, and what my driving force has been for the last three years has been always to make sure that there has been justice for Caylee and Casey because Casey did not murder Caylee. It's that simple." He added, "And today our system of justice has not dishonored her memory by a false conviction."[128] Sharing Baez's sentiments, former Casey Anthony defense attorney Linda Kenney Baden said that the state was trying to "find Elvis on toast".[148] She believes the jury reached the right verdict. "We should embrace their verdict", she stated.[148]
On July 6, 2011, Assistant State Attorney Jeff Ashton gave his first interview about the case on The View. Ashton said of the verdict, "Obviously, it's not the outcome we wanted. But from the perspective of what we do, this was a fantastic case." He disagrees with those who state the prosecution overcharged the case, saying, "The facts that we had... this was first-degree murder. I think it all came down to the evidence. I think ultimately it came down to the cause of death." Ashton additionally explained that if the jury did not perceive first-degree murder when they saw the photograph of Caylee's skull with the duct tape, "then so be it". He said he accepts the jury's decision and that it has not taken away his faith in the justice system. "You can't believe in the rule of law and not accept that sometimes it doesn't go the way you think it should", stated Ashton, and explained that he understands why the case "struck such a nerve" with the public. "I think when people see someone that they believe has so gone away from [a mother's love for her child], it just outrages them." Ashton also made appearances on several other talk shows in the days following, and complimented Jose Baez on his cross-examinations and as having "the potential to be a great attorney".[148][149]
After the trial ended, the twelve jurors did not initially want to discuss the verdict with the media.[150] 51-year-old Russell Huekler, an alternate juror who stepped forward the day of the verdict, said, "The prosecution didn't provide the evidence that was there for any of the charges from first-degree murder down to second-degree murder to the child abuse to even the manslaughter [charge]. It just wasn't there."[151]
The next day, juror number three—Jennifer Ford, a 32-year-old nursing student—told ABC News, "I did not say she was innocent" and "I just said there was not enough evidence. If you cannot prove what the crime was, you cannot determine what the punishment should be." She added "I'm not saying that I believe the defense," but that "it's easier for me logically to get from point A to point B" via the defense argument, as opposed to the prosecution argument. She also believed George Anthony was "dishonest." She said the jury "was sick to our stomachs to get that verdict" and that the decision process overwhelmed them to the point where they did not want to talk to reporters afterwards.[152][153][154] Juror number two, a 46-year-old male who requested to stay unidentified, told the St. Petersburg Times that "everybody agreed if we were going fully on feelings and emotions, [Anthony] was done". He stated that a lack of evidence was the reason for the not guilty verdict: "I just swear to God ... I wish we had more evidence to put her away. I truly do ... But it wasn't there." He also said that Anthony was "not a good person in my opinion".[155] Juror number six, identified by WTSP as Brian Berling, told gossip website TMZ.com that he was willing to be interviewed "so long as the opportunities are paid".[156]
In an anonymous interview, the jury foreman stated, "When I had to sign off on the verdict, the sheet that was given to me—there was just a feeling of disgust that came over me knowing that my signature and [Casey Anthony's] signature were going to be on the same sheet," but that "there was a suspicion of [George Anthony]" that played a part in their deliberations.[157][158] The foreman stated his work experience enabled him to read people and that George Anthony "had a very selective memory" which stayed with the jurors,[158] emphasizing that the jury was frustrated by the motive, cause of death, and George Anthony. "That a mother would want to do something like that to her child just because she wanted to go out and party," he said. "We felt that the motive that the state provided was, in our eyes, was just kind of weak."[159] Although the foreman objected to Casey Anthony's behavior in the wake of her daughter's death, he and the jury did not factor that behavior into their verdict because it was not illegal. They initially took a vote on the murder count, which was 10-2 (two voting guilty), but after more than ten hours of deliberation, they decided the only charges they felt were proven were the four counts of lying to law enforcement.[159]
Perry announced at sentencing on July 7 that he would withhold the jurors' names for several months because of concern that "Some people would like to take something out on them."[160] He released jurors' names on October 25, 2011.[161][162]
Anthony family[link]
Mark Lippman, the attorney for George and Cindy Anthony, told ABC News that the family received death threats after the "Not Guilty" verdict was rendered.[163] In response to the verdict, a statement was released by Lippman on behalf of the Anthony family (George, Cindy and Lee Anthony):
While the family may never know what has happened to Caylee Marie Anthony, they now have closure for this chapter of their life. They will now begin the long process of rebuilding their lives. Despite the baseless defense chosen by Casey Anthony, the family believes that the Jury made a fair decision based on the evidence presented, the testimony presented, the scientific information presented and the rules that were given to them by the Honorable Judge Perry to guide them. The family hopes that they will be given the time by the media to reflect on this verdict and decide the best way to move forward privately.[163]
It was stated in press reports that Cindy Anthony had perjured herself when telling jurors she—not Casey Anthony—was the one who used her family computer to search the Internet for "chloroform".[164] The state attorney's office said she would not be charged.[165]
On July 6, 2011, Anthony's jailhouse letters were released to the general public. They were originally released (though not to public) in April 2010 by prosecutors preparing for the Anthony trial. In more than 250 handwritten pages, Anthony discusses her life in jail, what she misses, and her plans for the future if freed.[166] Among her hopes for the future, she discusses children. "I had a dream not too long ago that I was pregnant", wrote Anthony, "It was like having Cays all over again. I've thought about adopting, which even sounds weird to me saying it, but there are so many children that deserve to be loved." Additionally, Anthony discusses missing "vain" belongings (such as tweezers and hair dryers), owning her own business, donating money to charities for cancer research, as well as a name change. "If you could change your name to any name, what would it be?" she wrote. "I've been thinking about that a lot lately. Ideas? Many ideas."[166]
On July 8, 2011, Cindy Anthony had scheduled a visit to meet with Casey at 7 pm, but the visit was denied. "This morning under policy, Casey was told of the visit and she has declined the visit so it will not occur", said jail spokesman Allen Moore. Moore also said that Cindy would be notified of her daughter's decision. Mark Lippman told Reuters during the trial that Casey had cut off communication with her parents.[167] It was later announced that George and Cindy Anthony would be appearing on Dr. Phil in September 2011 to tell their story.[168]
On September 21, 2011 it was reported that Casey Anthony has been living in hiding since her release from jail.[169] Anthony left for an undisclosed location not long after the verdict. However, on August 12, she was ordered to return to Florida to serve a year's supervised probation for an unrelated check-fraud conviction. When she pleaded guilty to that charge in January 2010, the judge in that case intended for Anthony to serve her probation after proceedings in the murder case concluded, but an error in the sentencing documents allowed her to serve her probation while awaiting trial.[170] Anthony returned to Florida on August 25 and is serving out her probation in an undisclosed location. Due to numerous threats against her life, the Department of Corrections did not enter her information into the state parolee database.[171] In August 2011, George and Cindy Anthony issued a statement that Casey would not be living at their home when she returned to Florida to serve her probation.[172] According to Huffington Post, she is reportedly working with her probation officer to take online college classes in an unspecified field, while protected by her security, at an undisclosed educational institution.[173]
Florida Department of Children and Families[link]
In August 2011, the Florida Department of Children and Families released a report based on a three-year investigation into the disappearance and death of Caylee Anthony. An agency spokesperson stated "It is the conclusion of the [DCF] that [Casey Anthony] failed to protect her child from harm either through her actions or lack of actions, which tragically resulted in the child's untimely death." Orlando attorney Richard Hornsby commented that theoretically, if Anthony were to have another child, the findings "could be brought up in future allegations," which might mean the state's child protection agency would take swifter action against her if future allegations of abuse were ever raised in Florida.[174][175]
Civil suits[link]
In September 2008, Zenaida Fernandez-Gonzalez sued Casey Anthony for defamation. During the investigation, Anthony told investigators that she left 2½-year-old Caylee with a babysitter named Zenaida Fernandez-Gonzalez—also known as "Zanny"—on June 16 at the stairs of a specific apartment in the Sawgrass apartment complex located in Orlando. Fernandez-Gonzalez, who was listed on apartment records as having visited apartments on that date, was questioned by police, but stated she did not know Casey or Caylee Anthony.[176] Her defamation suit seeks compensatory and punitive damages, alleging that Casey willfully damaged her reputation.[177] Fernandez-Gonzalez has told reporters that she lost her job, was evicted from her house, and received death threats against herself and her children as a result of Anthony's lies. Fernandez-Gonzalez' lawyer, John Morgan, said he wants to interrogate Anthony about Caylee's death because it is "the essence" of the defamation suit.[176][178] On October 8, 2011, Morgan deposed Anthony via a video conference. As expected, Anthony exercised her Fifth Amendment right against self-incrimination and answered only a couple of factual questions. Morgan felt that was improper, but legal experts think that Anthony is well within her rights to plead the Fifth until her appeals of the convictions for lying to officers are exhausted.[179] Fernandez-Gonzalez' defamation suit is expected to go to trial in January 2013. Fernandez-Gonzalez' attorneys sought and received permission to obtain Anthony's address (though it was kept sealed from the public) so they could subpoena her to testify, even if she only took the stand long enough to plead the Fifth. However, Fernandez-Gonzalez is willing to drop the suit if Anthony apologizes to her and compensates her for pain and suffering.[180][181]
In July 2011, Texas EquuSearch (TES), a non-profit group which assisted in the search for Caylee from July to December 2008 when she was believed to be missing, sued Anthony for fraud and unjust enrichment. TES estimates that it spent more than $100,000 searching for Caylee even though she was already dead.[182] TES founder and director Tim Miller estimates that the abortive search for Caylee expended 40% of the group's yearly resources which could have been spent looking for other missing children. It only learned that Anthony knew all along that Caylee was dead when the trial began.[183]
"Caylee's Law"[link]
See also: Caylee's Law
Since the end of the trial, various movements have arisen for the creation of a new law, called "Caylee's Law", that would impose stricter requirements on parents to notify law enforcement of the death or disappearance of a child.[184] One such petition, circulated via Change.org, has gained over 1.2 million electronic signatures.[185] In response to this and other petitions, lawmakers in four states—Florida, Oklahoma, New York, and West Virginia—have begun drafting versions of "Caylee's Law". The law in Oklahoma would require a child's parent or guardian to notify police of a missing child within 24 hours, and would also stipulate a time frame for notification of the disappearance of a young child under the age of 12.[184][186] The Florida law would make it a felony if a parent or legal guardian fails to report a missing child in timely manner if they could have known the child would be in danger.[187] The call for mandatory reporting laws has been criticized as being "reactive, overly indiscriminating and even counterproductive."[188] One critic noted the law could lead to overcompliance and false reports by parents wary of becoming suspects, wasting police resources and leading to legitimate abductions going uninvestigated during the critical first few hours. Additionally innocent people could get snared in the law for searching for a child instead of immediately calling police.[189]
Memorials and tribute songs[link]
Different artists have written songs in Caylee's memory, often titled "Caylee's Song". Jon Whynock performed his own version at her memorial service in February 2009,[190] and Sheffield songwriter Earl "Peanutt" Montgomery, an Alabama Music Hall of Fame member known for writing hits for country artist George Jones, penned a "Caylee's Song" soon after hearing the verdict.[191] "Me and my wife talked about it, and I decided to do it", said Montgomery. He sent an MP3 of "Caylee" to CNN and the cable news show Nancy Grace, as well as to various radio stations and Internet radio stations.[191] Rascal Flatts' Gary LeVox collaborated with country comedian and radio host Cledus T. Judd and songwriter Jimmy Yeary to write a song titled "She's Going Places" in Caylee's memory, which would be performed by singer Shane Hines. On July 8, 2011, Grace played it for her audience.[192]
See also[link]
References[link]
- ^ Liston, Barbara."On 911 call, Casey Anthony said tot was missing for 31 days", Reuters, May 31, 2011.
- ^ Reed, Travis. "Files untangle tales from missing Fla. girl's mom", Associated Press, August 26, 2008.
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- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k "Prosecution, defense offer closing arguments in Casey Anthony trial", July 3, 2011: Ashley Hayes, CNN Cable News Network. Retrieved July 7, 2011.
- ^ a b Day 14: Photos of Caylee's skull make Casey Anthony ill, court ends early, Central Florida News 13, June 9, 2011: Testifying at the trial of Casey Anthony, Orange County crime scene investigator Jennifer Welch and chief investigator for the Orange-Osceola County medical examiner Stephen Hanson are described as saying the duct tape was found "near the front of the skull."
- ^ a b Schneider, Mike (May 24, 2011). "Casey Anthony trial to hinge on forensic evidence". news-journalonline.com/Associated Press. http://www.news-journalonline.com/news/florida/2011/05/24/casey-anthony-trial-to-hinge-on-forensic-evidence.html. Retrieved July 12, 2011.
- ^ a b Investigators say a piece of silver duct tape had been placed over Caylee's mouth. When the duct tape was processed, investigators say, residue in the shape of a heart was discovered.Williams, Cary (December 30, 2010). "Casey Anthony defense wants sticker evidence tossed". American Broadcasting Company/abcactionnews.com. http://www.abcactionnews.com/dpp/news/state/casey-anthony-defense-wants-sticker-evidence-tossed. Retrieved August 31, 2011.
- ^ a b c d Adhesive in the shape of a heart was found on a corner of a piece of duct tape that was covering the mouth portion of 2-year-old Caylee Anthony's skeletal remains, an FBI latent print examiner [Elizabeth Fontaine] testified Monday in the capital murder trial of the girl's mother, Casey Anthony. Hayes, Ashley (June 13, 2011). "Examiner: Heart-shaped adhesive found on tape covering Caylee's mouth". CNN. http://articles.cnn.com/2011-06-13/justice/florida.casey.anthony.trial_1_caylee-anthony-duct-tape-casey-anthony?_s=PM:CRIME. Retrieved August 31, 2011.
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- ^ a b c Cloud, John. "How the Casey Anthony Murder Case Became the Social-Media Trial of the Century, Time magazine, June 16, 2011.
- ^ a b c d Lundin, Leigh (June 6, 2010). "Timeline of Anthony Case". ADD Detective. Orlando: Criminal Brief. http://criminalbrief.com/?page_id=17029.
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- ^ Lundy, Sarah; Prieto, Bianca; Edwards, Amy L. (October 15, 2008). "Caylee's mother Casey Anthony indicted on 1st-degree murder charge". Orlando Sentinel. http://articles.orlandosentinel.com/2008-10-15/news/a1casey15_1_case-against-casey-casey-anthony-aggravated-child-abuse. Retrieved June 1, 2011.
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- ^ Bianca Prieto and Walter Pacheco, Orange County meter reader discusses Casey Anthony case on 'Good Morning America', Orlando Sentinel, January 14, 2009.
- ^ "Roy Kronk Testifies About Finding Caylee Anthony's Remains". ClickOrlando.com. June 28, 2011. http://www.clickorlando.com/news/28379304/detail.html. Retrieved August 21, 2011.
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- ^ Canning, Andrea; Scott Michaels (December 15, 2008). "More Bones Found Near Caylee Anthony Home". ABC News. http://abcnews.go.com/GMA/story?id=6464439&page=1. Retrieved December 19, 2008.
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- ^ "Documents: Heart Sticker On Tape Over Caylee's Mouth - News Story - WFTV Orlando". Wftv.com. 2009-01-21. http://www.wftv.com/news/18530178/detail.html. Retrieved 2011-07-20.
- ^ Edwards, Amy L.; Lundy, Sarah (December 19, 2008). "Remains identified as missing toddler Caylee Anthony". Orlando Sentinel. http://www.orlandosentinel.com/news/local/breakingnews/orl-bk-caylee-anthony-body-dna-121908,0,1859200.story. Retrieved December 19, 2008.
- ^ "Immunity offer email from Linda Drane Burdick to Jose Baez" (PDF). WFTV.com. August 29, 2008. Retrieved May 11, 2011.
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- ^ a b Clarke, Susan (July 5, 2011). "Casey Anthony Verdict: Anthony Family Gets Death Threats in Wake of Acquittal, Asks for Privacy". ABC.com. http://abcnews.go.com/US/casey-anthony-verdict-anthony-family-death-threats-wake/story?id=14004306. Retrieved July 6, 2011.
- ^ Grace, Nancy (July 7, 2011). "Prosecutor: Cindy Anthony could face perjury charges". CNN. http://edition.cnn.com/2011/CRIME/07/06/florida.casey.anthony.perjury/index.html. Retrieved July 10, 2011.
- ^ "Cindy Anthony Won't Face Perjury Charges". Newser.com. July 12, 2011. http://www.newser.com/story/123276/casey-anthony-trial-cindy-anthony-wont-face-perjury-charges-say-prosecutors.html. Retrieved July 13, 2011.
- ^ a b Friedman, Emily (July 6, 2011). "Casey Anthony Writes About Wanting More Babies". ABC.com. http://abcnews.go.com/US/casey-anthony-children/story?id=14009375. Retrieved July 8, 2011.
- ^ Liston, Barbara (July 8, 2011). "Casey Anthony refuses jail visit from her mother". Yahoo/Reuters. http://news.yahoo.com/casey-anthony-refuses-jail-visit-her-mother-194511908.html. Retrieved July 8, 2011.
- ^ Camille Mann Dr. Phil to interview Casey Anthony's parents, CBS News, August 17, 2011.
- ^ http://www.people.com/people/article/0,,20530209,00.html
- ^ Judge in Florida orders Casey Anthony to serve year of probation. CNN, 2011-08-12.
- ^ Casey Anthony Called 'One of the Most Hated Women in America' By Probation. ABC News, 2011-08-25.
- ^ Adam Longo Anthony family: Casey's not coming home, Central Florida News 13, August 13, 2011.
- ^ Finnegan, Leah (August 26, 2011). "Casey Anthony Wants To Attend School Online: Report". Huffington Post. http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2011/08/26/casey-anthony-wants-to-at_n_938064.html?1314377174&icid=maing-grid7%7Cmain5%7Cdl2%7Csec3_lnk1%7C89748.
- ^ Walter Pacheco (August 11, 2011). "Casey Anthony's 'failure to protect' contributed to Caylee's death, DCF says". Orlando Sentinel. http://www.orlandosentinel.com/news/local/caylee-anthony/os-casey-anthony-dcf-report-20110811,0,1774056.story. Retrieved August 21, 2011.
- ^ "Review of Child Death". Florida Department of Children and Families. August 10, 2011. http://media.trb.com/media/acrobat/2011-08/272204480-11143144.pdf. Retrieved August 21, 2011.
- ^ a b "Local 6 Locates, Talks To Zenaida Gonzalez In Missing Girl Mystery". WKMG-TV. August 8, 2008. http://www.clickorlando.com/news/17122200/detail.html. Retrieved June 1, 2011.
- ^ Lundy, Sarah (May 20, 2009). "Casey Anthony can be subject to punitive damages in defamation suit, judge says". Orlando Sentinel. http://articles.orlandosentinel.com/2009-05-20/news/casey_1_casey-anthony-seek-punitive-mitnik. Retrieved June 1, 2011.
- ^ Ng, Christina (July 14, 2011). "Casey Anthony May Be Grilled by Lawyer for Real Zenaida Fernandez-Gonzalez". ABC News. http://abcnews.go.com/US/casey_anthony_trial/casey-anthony-grilled-lawyer-real-zenaida-fernandez-gonzalez/story?id=14071444.
- ^ Disguised Casey Anthony Takes The 5th. WKMG-TV, 2011-10-08
- ^ Cheney Mason accepts subpoena for Casey Anthony's civil trial. WKMG-TV, 2012-05-21.
- ^ Judge releases Casey's secret address to Zenaida Gonzalez's lawyers. WFTV, 2012-05-10.
- ^ Liston, Barbara (July 13, 2011). "Search group sues Casey Anthony for costly efforts". MSNBC/Reuters. http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/43116818. Retrieved July 13, 2011.
- ^ Glynn, Casey (July 13, 2011). "Casey Anthony sued by group that searched for daughter Caylee". CBS. http://www.cbsnews.com/8301-504083_162-20079138-504083.html. Retrieved July 13, 2011.
- ^ a b Riparbelli, Laura (7 July 2011). "Casey Anthony Trial Aftermath: 'Caylee's Law' Drafted in 4 States". ABC News. http://abcnews.go.com/US/casey-anthony-trial-aftermath-caylee-law-drafted-states/story?id=14020260. Retrieved 2011-07-07.
- ^ Crowder, Michelle (5 July 2011). "Create Caylee's Law". Change.org. http://www.change.org/petitions/create-caylees-law. Retrieved 2011-07-07.
- ^ "Clamor Grows Louder for Caylee’s Law After Mother Only Gets Slap On Wrist" – Elvira Veksler 0 July 8, 2011 – International Business Times. Retrieved July 9, 2011.
- ^ K. Haughney (July 6, 2011). "Step rep files bill to create Caylee's law". Orlando Sentinel. http://blogs.orlandosentinel.com/news_politics/2011/07/state-rep-files-bill-to-create-caylees-law.html.
- ^ Peter Finocchiaro, Is "Caylee's Law" a bad idea? When tragedy and anger fuel legislation, the results are rarely what we hope for, Salon, July 8, 2011.
- ^ Radley Balko, Why 'Caylee's Law' Is A Bad Idea, Huffington Post, July 11, 2011.
- ^ ""Caylee's Song" Is Performed At Her Service". wesh.com. February 10, 2009. http://www.wesh.com/video/18682077/detail.html#ixzz1Rb1dxejb. Retrieved July 9, 2011.
- ^ a b Corey, Russ (July 8, 2011). "Songwriter pens song for Caylee". Times Daily. http://www.timesdaily.com/article/20110708/NEWS/110709882/-1/opinion?Title=Songwriter-pens-song-for-Caylee. Retrieved July 8, 2011.
- ^ R. Rey, Ariel (July 9, 2011). "Rascal Flatts' Caylee Anthony Song: She Stole Our Hearts". The Christian Post. http://www.christianpost.com/news/caylee-anthonys-song-52090/. Retrieved August 1, 2011.
External links[link]
 External images |
|
|---|---|
 |
CBS photo gallery |
- Central Florida News 13 resources:
- Miscellaneous documentary evidence released by the state from 2008, Discovery Channel
- Casey Anthony news coverage, from WFTV-TV (ABC 9) in Orlando, FL
- Casey Anthony news coverage, from WKMG-TV (CBS 6) in Orlando, FL
- Casey Anthony news coverage, from WESH-TV (NBC 2) in Orlando, FL
- Casey Anthony news coverage, from WOFL-TV (FOX 35) in Orlando, FL
http://wn.com/Death_of_Caylee_Anthony
Related pages:
http://fr.wn.com/Affaire Caylee Anthony
This page contains text from Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Death_of_Caylee_Anthony
This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, which means that you can copy and modify it as long as the entire work (including additions) remains under this license.
This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, which means that you can copy and modify it as long as the entire work (including additions) remains under this license.
This article is about the American journalist. For the talk show, see Charlie Rose (talk show). For other people with the same name, see Charlie Rose (disambiguation).
| Charlie Rose | |
|---|---|
 Rose in May 2010 |
|
| Born | Charles Peete Rose, Jr. (1942-01-05) January 5, 1942 (age 70) Henderson, North Carolina, U.S. |
| Education | Duke University B.A. (1964) Duke University J.D. (1968) |
| Occupation | Talk show host Journalist |
| Years active | 1972–present |
| Notable credit(s) | Charlie Rose, 60 Minutes II, 60 Minutes, CBS News Nightwatch, CBS This Morning |
| Website | |
| http://www.charlierose.com/ | |
Charles Peete "Charlie" Rose, Jr. (born January 5, 1942)[1] is an American television talk show host and journalist. Since 1991 he has hosted Charlie Rose, an interview show distributed nationally by PBS since 1993. He has also co-anchored CBS This Morning since January 2012. Rose, along with Lara Logan, has hosted the revived CBS classic Person to Person, a news program during which celebrities are interviewed in their homes, originally hosted from 1953 to 1961 by Edward R. Murrow.[2]
Contents |
Early life[link]
Rose was born in Henderson, North Carolina, the only child[3] of Margaret Frazier and Charles Peete Rose, Sr., tobacco farmers who owned a country store.[4][5] As a child, Rose lived above his parents' store in Henderson and helped out with the family business from age seven.[6] Rose admitted in a Fresh Dialogues interview that as a child his insatiable curiosity was constantly getting him in trouble.[7] A high school basketball star, Rose entered Duke University intending to pursue a degree with a pre-med track, but an internship in the office of Democratic North Carolina Senator B. Everett Jordan got him interested in politics.[8] Rose graduated in 1964 with a bachelor's degree in history. At Duke, he was a member of the Kappa Alpha Order fraternity. He earned a Juris Doctor from the Duke University School of Law in 1968.[6] He met his wife, Mary (née King), while attending Duke.[3][4]
Career[link]
After his wife was hired by the BBC (in New York), Rose handled some assignments for the BBC on a freelance basis. In 1972, while continuing to work at Bankers Trust, he landed a job as a weekend reporter for WPIX-TV. His break came in 1974, after Bill Moyers hired Rose as managing editor for the PBS series Bill Moyers' International Report. In 1975, Moyers named Rose executive producer of Bill Moyers Journal. Rose soon began appearing on camera. "A Conversation with Jimmy Carter," one installment of Moyers's series U.S.A.: People and Politics, won a 1976 Peabody Award. Rose worked at several networks honing his interview skills until KXAS-TV in Dallas-Fort Worth hired him as program manager and gave him the late-night time slot that would become the Charlie Rose show.
Rose worked for CBS News (1984–1990) as the anchor of CBS News Nightwatch, the network's first late-night news broadcast. The Nightwatch broadcast of Rose's interview with Charles Manson won an Emmy Award in 1987.[4] In 1990, Rose left CBS to serve as anchor of Personalities, a syndicated program produced by Fox Broadcasting Company, but he got out of his contract after six weeks because of the tabloid-style content of the show. Charlie Rose premiered on PBS station Thirteen/WNET on September 30, 1991, and has been nationally syndicated since January 1993. In 1994, Rose moved the show to a studio owned by Bloomberg Television, which allowed for improved satellite interviewing.[9]
Rose was a correspondent for 60 Minutes II[10] from its inception in January 1999 until its cancellation in September 2005, and was later named a correspondent on 60 Minutes.[11]
Rose was a member of the board of directors of Citadel Broadcasting Corporation from 2003 to 2009.[3] In May 2010, Charlie Rose delivered the commencement address at North Carolina State University.
On November 15, 2011, it was announced that Rose would return to CBS to help anchor CBS This Morning, replacing The Early Show, commencing January 9, 2012, along with co-anchors Erica Hill and Gayle King.
Cameo appearances[link]
Rose has appeared as himself in the 1998 film Primary Colors,[12] in a 2000 episode of The Simpsons[13] and in the 2008 movie Elegy.[14] He and his show were also used in the Wes Anderson film The Royal Tenenbaums. He also appears as himself in the 2011 George Clooney directed film, The Ides of March.
[edit] Accusations of conflict of interest
While hosting the 2002 Coca-Cola Company shareholders' meeting, Rose said "few companies are able to connect as completely with consumers in the way that Coca-Cola is. It is a privilege to be associated with [The Coca-Cola family] ... This is the business of Coca-Cola: being part of a family, being worldwide, doing well and doing good at the same time."[15] Afterward, Coca-Cola agreed to become what Rose called "a leading underwriter" of The Charlie Rose Show, paying "six or possibly seven figures."[16] Even the Charlie Rose mugs used on his PBS show feature a Coca-Cola logo on one side.[17][18] Although CBS News policy bars correspondents from doing commercials and product endorsements, the Washington Post reported CBS was "comfortable" with Rose's actions. Rose insists he "would never do a story on 60 Minutes II about anybody who underwrites my PBS show."[16]
[edit] Quiet influence
The New York Times reported that Rose encouraged a discussion between the leaders of NBC and Fox, that led eventually to a mutual reduction in ad hominem attacks between Keith Olbermann and Bill O'Reilly on their respective news programs.[19]
Rose has attended several Bilderberg Group conference meetings, including meetings held in the United States in 2008;[20] Spain in 2010;[21] and Switzerland in 2011.[22] These unofficial conferences hold guests from North America and Western Europe, most of whom are political leaders and businessmen. Details of meetings are closed off to the public and strictly invitation-only, and critics[who?] speculate the controversial nature of these meetings of highly influential people. Accusations from conspiracy theorists against The Charlie Rose show claim that it has become the US media outlet for Bilderberg.[23][unreliable source?]
Personal life[link]
Rose's twelve-year marriage to Mary Rose (née King) ended in divorce in 1980. Mary is the sister-in-law of Morgan Stanley Chairman John J. Mack. Since 1993, his companion has been socialite and chairman of the New York City Planning Commission and director of the city department of planning Amanda Burden, a stepdaughter of CBS founder William S. Paley.[24]
On March 29, 2006, after experiencing shortness of breath in Syria, Rose was flown to Paris and underwent surgery for mitral valve repair in the Georges-Pompidou European Hospital. His surgery was performed under the supervision of Alain F. Carpentier, a pioneer of the procedure.[25] Rose returned to the air on June 12, 2006, with Bill Moyers and Yvette Vega (the show's executive producer), to discuss his surgery and recuperation.
In a 2009 Fresh Dialogues interview, Rose described his life as "great and glorious."[7] He added, '"I get up every morning with a new adventure. The adventure is fueled by interesting people. I get a chance to control my own destiny. I do something that is immediately either appreciated or not. I get feedback."
Rose owns a 575-acre (2.33 km2) farm in Oxford, North Carolina, an apartment overlooking Central Park in New York City, a beach house in Bellport, New York, an apartment in Washington D.C.[3] and an apartment in Paris, France.
References[link]
- ^ Marks, Peter (January 5, 1993). "The Love Cult of Charlie Rose". Newsday: p. 42.
- ^ "Charlie Rose, Lara Logan on "Person to Person". Person to Person (CBS News). February 8, 2012. http://www.cbsnews.com/8301-505383_162-57373639/charlie-rose-lara-logan-on-person-to-person/. Retrieved May 3, 2012.
- ^ a b c d Kaplan, David A. (September 28, 2009). "Why business loves Charlie Rose". Fortune. http://money.cnn.com/2009/09/25/magazines/fortune/charlie_rose.fortune/index.htm?section=money_latest. Retrieved December 18, 2009.
- ^ a b c O'Shaughnessy, Elise (September 1993). "The Fame of the Rose". Vanity Fair 56 (9): pp. 172–181. ISSN 0733-8899.
- ^ "Charlie Rose Biography (1942–)". Filmreference.com. January 5, 1942. http://www.filmreference.com/film/1/Charlie-Rose.html. Retrieved December 8, 2011.
- ^ a b Charlie Rose biography from Bloomberg News
- ^ a b van Diggelen, Alison (February 26, 2009). "Transcript of Interview with Charlie Rose". Fresh Dialogues. http://www.freshdialogues.com/2009/02/26/transcript-of-fresh-dialogues-with-charlie-rose/. Retrieved February 7, 2012.
- ^ The North Carolina Awards: Charlie Rose (1942 -) Public Service 2007 from the website of the State Library of North Carolina
- ^ Charlie Rose, Bloomberg News
- ^ 60 Minutes II profile from CBS News
- ^ "Charlie Rose". CBS News. January 17, 2008. http://www.cbsnews.com/stories/2008/01/17/60minutes/bios/main3725276.shtml. Retrieved December 6, 2009.
- ^ Charlie Rose at the Internet Movie Database
- ^ Nancy Basile. ""The Simpsons" Episode Guide – Season Eleven". About.com. http://animatedtv.about.com/od/thesimpsonsepisodes/a/epguidesimp11.htm. Retrieved September 12, 2008.
- ^ Leslie Felperin (February 10, 2008). "Review of Elegy". Variety. http://www.variety.com/index.asp?layout=festivals&jump=review&id=2478&reviewid=VE1117936157&starting=1. Retrieved August 8, 2008.
- ^ audio, aired on Le Show
- ^ a b Lloyd Grove, "The Reliable Source," Washington Post, April 23, 2002, C03
- ^ Orange County Weekly, January 24, 2003
- ^ Fear & Favor 2003: How power shapes the news, Extra!, FAIR, March/April 2003
- ^ Stelter, Brian (August 1, 2009). "Voices From Above Silence a Cable TV Feud". The New York Times. http://www.nytimes.com/2009/08/01/business/media/01feud.html. Retrieved November 7, 2010.
- ^ Fobes, Stefan (June 23, 2008). "My analysis of Bilderberg 2008". A War of Illusions. WordPress.com. http://warofillusions.wordpress.com/2008/06/23/my-analysis-of-bilderberg-2008. Retrieved August 25, 2011.
- ^ "Bilderberg 2010 list of participants". BilderbergMeetings.org. http://www.bilderbergmeetings.org/participants_2010.html. Retrieved August 25, 2011.
- ^ "Bilderberg 2011 list of participants". BilderbergMeetings.org. http://www.bilderbergmeetings.org/participants_2011.html. Retrieved August 25, 2011.
- ^ Newman, Alex (June 12, 2011). "Awareness of Bilderberg Cabal Explodes in 2011". The New American. http://thenewamerican.com/world-mainmenu-26/europe-mainmenu-35/7841-awareness-of-bilderberg-cabal-explodes-in-2011. Retrieved August 25, 2011.
- ^ Gardner, Ralph (May 13, 2002). "Social Planner". Nymag.com. http://nymag.com/nymetro/news/politics/newyork/features/6005/. Retrieved December 8, 2011.
- ^ Kaplan, David A. (September 28, 2009). "Why business loves Charlie Rose". CNN. http://money.cnn.com/2009/09/25/magazines/fortune/charlie_rose.fortune/index.htm?postversion=2009092811. Retrieved December 8, 2011.
External links[link]
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|
This article's use of external links may not follow Wikipedia's policies or guidelines. Please improve this article by removing excessive or inappropriate external links, and converting useful links where appropriate into footnote references. (March 2012) |
- Charlie Rose Official website of his eponymous show
- Charlie Rose official channel on YouTube
- Appearances on C-SPAN
- Charlie Rose at the Internet Movie Database
- Charlie Rose collected news and commentary at the Los Angeles Times
- Charlie Rose collected news and commentary at The New York Times
- Charlie Rose at the Notable Names Database
- Charlie Rose shows on Hulu
- celebritynetworth.com, Celebrity Net Worth, Charlie Rose
- Why Business Loves Charlie Rose David A. Kaplan, Fortune, September 28, 2009
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| Persondata | |
|---|---|
| Name | Rose, Charlie |
| Alternative names | Rose, Charles Peete, Jr. |
| Short description | American TV interviewer and journalist |
| Date of birth | 1942-01-05 |
| Place of birth | Henderson, North Carolina |
| Date of death | |
| Place of death | |
http://wn.com/Charlie_Rose
Related pages:
http://ru.wn.com/Роуз, Чарли
http://fr.wn.com/Charlie Rose
http://de.wn.com/Charlie Rose
This page contains text from Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charlie_Rose
This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, which means that you can copy and modify it as long as the entire work (including additions) remains under this license.
This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, which means that you can copy and modify it as long as the entire work (including additions) remains under this license.
For the Sheffield painter, see Joe Scarborough (artist).
| Joe Scarborough | |
|---|---|
 |
|
| Member of the U.S. House of Representatives from Florida's 1st district |
|
| In office January 3, 1995 – September 5, 2001 |
|
| Preceded by | Earl Hutto |
| Succeeded by | Jeff Miller |
| Personal details | |
| Born | Charles Joseph Scarborough (1963-04-09) April 9, 1963 (age 49) Atlanta, Georgia, United States |
| Political party | Republican |
| Spouse(s) | Melanie Hinton (div.) Susan Waren |
| Alma mater | University of Alabama, University of Florida Levin College of Law |
| Profession | Attorney, currently television host |
| Religion | Baptist |
Charles Joseph "Joe" Scarborough (
/ˈskɑrbɔroʊ/; born April 9, 1963) is an American cable news and talk radio host, lawyer, author, and former politician. He is currently the host of Morning Joe on MSNBC, and previously hosted Scarborough Country on the same channel. Scarborough served in the United States House of Representatives from 1995 to 2001 as a Republican from the 1st district of Florida. He has been named to the TIME 100 as one of the most influential people in the world. [1]
Contents |
Early life, education and early legal career[link]
Born in Atlanta, Georgia, he was born to George F. Scarborough, a businessman, with two other siblings. When his father died in May 2011, his life story appeared in the Congressional Record and in Politico's Playbook. Scarborough even wrote an eulogy op-ed online.[2]
Joe Scarborough graduated from Pensacola Catholic High School in Pensacola, Florida (although he is not a Catholic). He received a B.A. from the University of Alabama in 1985 and a J.D. from the University of Florida College of Law in 1990.[3] During this time he wrote and produced CDs with his band, Dixon Mills,[4] and taught high school. He was admitted to the The Florida Bar in 1991,[3] and practiced law in Pensacola.[5]
Scarborough's most famous case was representing Michael F. Griffin, the accused killer of abortion doctor David Gunn, in early to mid 1993. He made several court appearances for Griffin.[6] "There was 'no way in hell I could sit in at a civil trial, let alone a capital trial,' he claims now, referring to the prospect of prosecutors seeking the death penalty against Griffin."[7] Scarborough assisted Griffin in choosing a trial lawyer from the many who offered their services, and he also shielded the family from the media exposure, pro bono.[8]
Scarborough also helped to raise his political profile and made numerous contacts by assisting with a petition drive in late 1993 to oppose a 65 percent increase in the City of Pensacola's property taxes.[5]
Political career[link]
Congress[link]
In 1994, Scarborough won a tough Republican Party primary for Florida's 1st congressional district, which came open after eight-term Democrat Earl Hutto announced his retirement. In the general election, he defeated the Democratic candidate, Pensacola attorney Vinnie Whibbs, (the son of well respected former Pensacola mayor Vince Whibbs), with 61 percent of the vote. This win wasn't considered an upset since the 1st has always been a rather conservative district; it hasn't supported a Democrat for president since 1960 and, while Democrats continued to win most local offices well into the 1990s, they tended to be very conservative even by Southern Democratic standards. It had been considered very likely that Hutto would be succeeded by a Republican once he retired.
Scarborough was reelected with 72 percent of the vote in 1996. In 1998 and 2000, he was opposed by only a write-in candidate.
Like most freshmen Republicans elected during the 1994 Republican takeover of the House led by Newt Gingrich, Scarborough was regarded as a reliable conservative. He was a part of a small group of Republican congressmen the National Journal said possessed a surprising amount of power given their youth and lack of experience in Congress. He received a 95 percent lifetime rating from the American Conservative Union.[9] He signed the Contract with America. Scarborough served on the Armed Services, Judiciary, Government Reform, and Education committees. In 1998, he was named Chairman of the Civil Service Committee.
Scarborough was one of a group of about 40 freshmen Republican legislators who dubbed themselves the "New Federalists" after the Federalist Papers. Scarborough was elected Political Director of the incoming legislators. The New Federalists called for sweeping cuts in the U.S. government, including plans to "privatize, localize, consolidate, [or] eliminate"[10] the Departments of Commerce, Education, Energy and Housing and Urban Development, but were largely unsuccessful in their goals. Gingrich tapped Scarborough to head a Republican task force on education, and Scarborough declared, "Our goal is to get as much money, power and authority out of Washington and get as much money, power and authority into the classroom as possible."[5]
Scarborough supported a number of pro-life positions while in Congress including legislation (H.R.2436, Unborn Victims of Violence Act of 1999) that made it a crime to harm a fetus during the commission of other crimes, though he did not vote for the passage of the final bill.[11][12]
Scarborough sponsored a bill to force the U.S. to withdraw from the United Nations after a four-year transition[10] and voted to make the Corporation for Public Broadcasting "self-sufficient"[13] by eliminating federal funding. He also voted for the "Medicare Preservation act of 1995,"[14] which cut the projected growth of Medicare by $270 billion over ten years, and against the "Small Business Job Protection Act of 1996,"[15] which raised the minimum wage to $5.15. Scarborough had a conservative voting record on economic, social, and foreign policy issues, but was seen as moderate on environmental issues and human rights causes (including closing the School of the Americas and Lori Berenson).[5]
[US Congressman Joe Scarborough] heard about Lori Berenson on an NPR broadcast. He went to Peru and spent a day at her second trial. He watched the prosecutors and the judges working together, heard the evidence and decided that she had done nothing that would have convicted her in a U.S. court. Even a repentant terrorist, who was to have been the strongest witness, said Berenson was not a member of MRTA and gave no help at all. Scarborough thought the court had to conclude she was not a terrorist leader.[16]
While in Congress, Scarborough received a number of awards, including the "Friend of the Taxpayer Award" from Americans for Tax Reform; the "Guardian of Small Business Award" from the National Federation of Independent Business; the "Spirit of Enterprise Award" from the U.S. Chamber of Commerce; the "Taxpayer's Hero Award" from the Citizens Against Government Waste; and the "Guardian of Seniors' Rights Award" from the 60 Plus Association.
Committee memberships[link]
- 104th Congress[17] --Committee on Government Reform and Oversight --Committee on National Security (formerly Committee on Armed Services)
- 105th Congress[18]--Committee on National Security—Committee on Government Reform and Oversight--Committee on Education and the Workforce
- 106th Congress[19]-- Committee on Armed Services--Committee on Government Reform-- Committee on the Judiciary
- 107th Congress[20]--Committee on Government Reform-- Committee on the Judiciary
Electoral history[link]
| Year | Democrat | Votes | Pct | Republican | Votes | Pct | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1994 | Vince Whibbs | 70,416 | 38% | Joe Scarborough | 112,974 | 62% | * |
| 1996 | Kevin Beck | 66,495 | 27% | Joe Scarborough | 175,946 | 73% | * |
| 1998 | Tom Wells (Write In) | 663 | 0% | Joe Scarborough | 140,525 | 100% | * |
| 2000 | Unopposed | N/A | 0% | Joe Scarborough | 226,473 | 100% | * |
Resignation and controversy[link]
Scarborough announced his intent to resign to spend more time with his children five months into his fourth term in Congress. "The realization has come home to me that they're at a critical stage of their lives and I would rather be judged at the end of my life as a father than as a congressman," Scarborough said.[22] A special election was held to replace him.
On July 20, 2001, one of Scarborough's aides died after hitting her head on a desk when she fainted while alone in Scarborough's Fort Walton Beach, Florida, office.[23] According to Scarborough, soon after her death, allegations "spread all over the Internet" that he had been involved,[23][24] although there was no evidence of foul play. In 2003, he joked about the incident with Don Imus on Imus's radio program.[25] In 2004, it was the subject of a public spat between Scarborough and filmmaker Michael Moore.[26]
Post-Congressional politics[link]
After leaving Congress, he joined the law firm of prominent Florida attorney Fred Levin. He practiced law with the firm Beggs and Lane,[27] the oldest firm in Florida. He was appointed to the President's Council on the 21st Century Workforce in 2002.[28]
In August 2005, Scarborough confirmed reports that he had been asked to consider a challenge to U.S. Rep. Katherine Harris for the Republican nomination to challenge Senator Bill Nelson's reelection bid. However, he announced later that month that he was renewing his contract with NBC.[29]
In July 2006, former aides to Harris's 2006 Senate campaign claimed that Harris had called potential Scarborough supporters and raised the death of an aide in his home district office as a means to prevent his entry into the race.[30] Scarborough, who had never intended to enter the race, initially considered suing Harris but decided to let the incident pass. He later told Nelson that drawing Harris as an opponent in the race made Nelson "the luckiest man in Washington."[31]
In early 2009, Scarborough confirmed reports that he had been approached by Florida Republicans who wanted him to run for the Senate seat vacated by Republican Mel Martinez. Scarborough said he was not likely to run as he believes he can have more influence over public policy as the host of Morning Joe, than he would as a U.S. Senator. However, he has not ruled out a political career in the future.[32]
In October 2010, Scarborough called former Speaker of the House Newt Gingrich "cartoonish" and said that Gingrich engages in "hate speech."[33]
Media career[link]
Scarborough is the host of MSNBC’s Morning Joe, which features interviews with top newsmakers and politicians and analysis of the day’s biggest stories. Previously, he hosted Scarborough Country, a primetime news show. He and Mika Brzezinski also briefly hosted a syndicated talk radio show called the Joe Scarborough Show on ABC Radio Network.
While still serving in Congress, Scarborough founded the free weekly Pensacola-area newspaper The Florida Sun in 1999. The paper later merged in 2001 and is now known as the "Independent News."[34]
In April 2003, he embarked upon a television career with the launch of Scarborough Country on MSNBC, until he began hosting Morning Joe full-time.
Scarborough briefly hosted a three-hour radio show in 2005. The show aired in a competitive time slot (10am–1pm US ET) and struggled to gain affiliates; those few that did carry the show usually carried it in the noon–3pm US ET slot or in late nights instead. After a few months, Scarborough left the show to focus his time on other priorities. (After being vacant for over a year, the slot was filled by Dennis Miller's radio show in 2007.)
[edit] Morning Joe
In May, 2007, Scarborough became one of the rotating hosts auditioning for the slot vacated by Imus in the Morning on MSNBC. Scarborough, with his morning show, won the slot permanently in July 2007. According to Nielsen Ratings, Morning Joe consistently beats CNN and Headline News in total viewers. Morning Joe has beaten CNN in total viewers every month since April 2011 and for 9 consecutive quarters. Morning Joe has also beaten Headline News in total viewers for 27 straight months. This is the first time in MSNBC history that its morning show has consistently out-rated both CNN and Headline News.[35] Scarborough also is a regular guest on NBC news programs, MSNBC news programs, and has appeared on Meet the Press numerous times. In April 2012, Scarborough guest hosted Meet the Press.[36]
On November 10, 2008, Scarborough made headlines when he said the 'f' word live on his show. In discussing Barack Obama's transition team, Scarborough contrasted the reputation of Clinton-era staffers with Obama Chief of Staff Rahm Emanuel by saying "These were decent steady men who don't go around flipping people off or screaming 'fuck you' at the top of their lungs." The comment was not bleeped out, and while Scarborough's guests and cohosts reacted with amusement, he continued with his point, apparently oblivious to what he had said, until co-host Mika Brzezinski broke in and informed him of his mistake. Scarborough apologized, saying that he thought he had only "said the letter, not the word" and commented that "my wife's going to kill me."[37] Morning Joe has subsequently been broadcast with a 7-second broadcast delay.[38]
MSNBC suspended Scarborough without pay for two days on November 19, 2010, for violating NBC News' policy against making contributions to political candidates without prior notification and approval, two weeks after NBC suspended then MSNBC host Keith Olbermann for the same offense. Scarborough had donated $4,000 to Republican candidates in Florida.[39]
Radio[link]
On December 8, 2008, Scarborough and Morning Joe co-host Mika Brzezinski began hosting a two-hour late-morning radio show on WABC (770 AM) in New York City, replacing 12-year veteran host John Gambling.[40][41][42] As of April 26, 2010, the radio show has been put on "hiatus" to redevelop its format into a new three hour show.[43] Many, including Don Imus, have speculated that the show has actually been canceled by Citadel Media. It has been noted that the schedule of WABC would not allow for the program to be expanded an additional hour.
Books[link]
In his book The Last Best Hope, released on June 9, 2009, Scarborough outlines a plan to help guide conservatives back to a political majority after their defeats in the 2006 midterm elections and the 2008 Presidential election.
He is also the author of Rome Wasn’t Burnt in a Day: the Real Deal on how Politicians, Bureaucrats, and other Washington Barbarians are Bankrupting America (New York : HarperCollins, 2004).
Personal life[link]
In 1986, Scarborough married Melanie Hinton. They had two sons, Joey and Andrew,[44] and divorced in 1999. His younger child was diagnosed with juvenile diabetes. While interviewing Robert F. Kennedy, Jr., in June 2005, Scarborough expressed concerns about the possibility that one of his sons may have suffered vaccine damage, perhaps attributable to the sharp increase during the 1980s in the amount of thimerosal injected into infants: "My son, born in 1991, has a slight form of autism called Asperger's. When I was practicing law and also when I was in Congress, parents would constantly come to me and they would bring me videotapes of their children, and they were all around the age of my son or younger. So, something happened in 1989."[45]
In October 2001, Scarborough married Susan Waren, a former aide to Florida Governor Jeb Bush and a former congressional committee staffer. He currently rents a home in Washington, D.C.
Scarborough's love for the University of Alabama Crimson Tide football team and head coach, Nick Saban is well known to his viewers. He often talks about the Crimson Tide and will show video clips of Alabama games on his television show. His show has even been broadcast from the University's campus in Tuscaloosa on numerous occasions. On his January 10, 2012, telecast on MSNBC, the show's opening began with the playing of the famous Lynyrd Skynyrd song 'Sweet Home Alabama', as well as highlights of Alabama's 21-0 victory in the national title game over Louisiana State University from the previous evening.
Scarborough is an avid soccer fan. As mentioned on ESPN's "Off The Ball" podcast, Scarborough details his dedication to Liverpool FC, a soccer team that competes in the English Premier League.
References[link]
- ^ "The 2011 TIME 100". TIME. http://www.time.com/time/specials/packages/completelist/0,29569,2066367,00.htmll. Retrieved 2012-04-26.
- ^ "Opinion: Eulogy for Dad - Joe Scarborough". Politico.Com. http://www.politico.com/news/stories/0511/54618_Page2.html. Retrieved 2011-05-22.
- ^ a b "Scarborough, Charles Joseph". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. http://bioguide.congress.gov/scripts/biodisplay.pl?index=S000106. Retrieved 2006-03-18.
- ^ liner notes "Dixon Mills" CD 1992 SRS records Inc.
- ^ a b c d Michael Barone, Richard E. Cohen, The Almanac of American Politics, National Journal Press, 2002, pages 374–76.
- ^ Berke, Richard L. "The 1994 Campaign: The South", "The New York Times, October 24, 1994.
- ^ Barrett, Wayne." "Bruise Brother" The Village Voice, April 1, 2008.
- ^ Griffin, Laura. "Area lawyer hired in clinic killing", St. Petersburg Times, April 13, 1993; Kaczor, Bill "Abortion an Unmentionable Issue in District Hit by Anti-Abortion Violence", Associated Press, November 2, 1994
- ^ 2000 U.S. House Ratings[dead link]
- ^ a b Shoop, Tom (1995-05-01). "Not Dead Yet (5/1/95) - www.GovernmentExecutive.com". Govexec.com. http://www.govexec.com/reinvent/downsize/0595s1.htm. Retrieved 2011-05-22.
- ^ "Bill Summary & Status - 106th Congress (1999 - 2000) - H.R.2436 - All Congressional Actions - THOMAS (Library of Congress)". Thomas.loc.gov. http://thomas.loc.gov/cgi-bin/bdquery/z?d106:HR02436:@@@X. Retrieved 2011-05-22.
- ^ http://clerk.house.gov/evs/1999/roll465.xml
- ^ http://frwebgate.access.gpo.gov/cgi-bin/getdoc.cgi?dbname=104_cong_bills&docid=f:h2979ih.txt.pdf (pdf)
- ^ http://clerk.house.gov/evs/1995/roll731.xml
- ^ http://clerk.house.gov/evs/1996/roll398.xml
- ^ Mary McGrory (2001-07-01). "Captive Parents". Washington Post. http://www.washingtonpost.com/ac2/wp-dyn?pagename=article&node=&contentId=A29236-2001Jul20. Retrieved 2008-01-04.
- ^ Designating Majority Membership on Certain Standing Committees of the House (House of Representatives — January 04, 1995)
- ^ Election of Majority Members to Certain Standing Committees of the House (House of Representatives — January 07, 1997); Election of Majority Members to Certain Standing Committees of the House (House of Representatives — January 09, 1997); Election of Majority Members to Certain Standing Committees of the House (House of Representatives — January 21, 1997)
- ^ Election of Majority Members to Certain Standing Committees of the House — (House of Representatives — January 06, 1999); Election of Majority Members to Certain Standing Committees of the House — (House of Representatives — March 11, 1999)
- ^ Election of Members to Certain Standing Committees of the House — (House of Representatives — January 06, 2001)
- ^ "Election Statistics". Office of the Clerk of the House of Representatives. http://clerk.house.gov/member_info/electionInfo/index.aspx. Retrieved April 24, 2012.
- ^ Kaczor, Bill "U.S. Rep Scarborough to resign", "The Florida Times-Union", May 21, 2001.
- ^ a b Wright, Denis and George, Chris. "A Death in the Congressman's Office", "American Politics Journal", August 8, 2001.
- ^ Lisa Osburn, "Scarborough ready to get back home", Pensacola News Journal, September 6, 2001.
- ^ James Wolcott, "MSNBC's fox hunt: management and marketing strategies", Vanity Fair 518 (October 2003): 140(5)
- ^ Judy Bachrach. "Moore's War", Vanity Fair (March 2005): 240; Scarborough Country, June 14, 2004 [1],
- ^ Charles Joseph Scarborough[dead link]
- ^ "Members Of President's Council on the 21st Century Workforce Announced Council To Provide Information, Advice To The President On 21st Century Workforce Issues [03/21/2002]". Dol.gov. http://www.dol.gov/opa/media/press/opa/OPA2002183.htm. Retrieved 2011-05-22.
- ^ "'Scarborough Country' for March 9 - Morning Joe - MSNBC.com". MSNBC. 2006-10-03. http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/11762586/. Retrieved 2011-05-22.
- ^ "Story of 'Joe's dead intern' began Harris's slide, insiders say", Miami Herald, July 14, 2006
- ^ "Harris' Attack on TV Pundit Started Campaign Slide, Insiders Say". The Miami Herald. July 14, 2006. http://www.redorbit.com/news/politics/572765/harris_attack_on_tv_pundit_started_campaign_slide_insiders_say/index.html. Retrieved 2008-06-06.
- ^ Jeremy Wallace (2009-02-09). "Morning Joe or Sen. Joe". Sarasota Herald Tribune. http://www.heraldtribune.com/article/20090209/COLUMNIST/902090340/2257/NEWS?Title=Question___Morning_Joe__or_Sen__Joe_l. Retrieved 2009-02-09.
- ^ Scarborough, Joe (2010-10-12). "Gingrich's rhetoric will backfire". Politico. http://dyn.politico.com/printstory.cfm?uuid=9DAC34BD-F904-0596-4D112EAA3E8832A1. Retrieved 2010-10-15.
- ^ "Independent News". Pensapedia. http://www.pensapedia.com/wiki/Independent_News. Retrieved 2009-04-20.
- ^ "Nielsen's Cable News Ratings". tvbythenumbers.com. http://tvbythenumbers.zap2it.com/tag/morning-joe-ratings/. Retrieved 2012-05-01.
- ^ "MTP Guest Hosts for Sunday April 1". Arizona Daily Star. http://azstarnet.com/entertainment/blogs/caliente-tuned-in/savannah-guthrie-guest-hosting-meet-the-press-today/article_cca5bfb6-7bb3-11e1-b4cc-0019bb2963f4.html. Retrieved 2012-05-01.
- ^ Rovzar, Chris. "Joe Scarborough Drops the F-Bomb on Air - Daily Intel". Nymag.com. http://nymag.com/daily/intel/2008/11/joe_scarborough_drops_the_f-bo.html. Retrieved 2011-05-22.
- ^ "MSNBC host now guarded by 7-second delay". Associated Press. Fox News. 12 November 2008. http://www.foxnews.com/printer_friendly_wires/2008Nov12/0,4675,MSNBCTapeDelay,00.html. Retrieved 2008-11-12.
- ^ "MSNBC Suspends ‘Morning Joe’ Host Scarborough for Political Donations" Wall Street Journal November 19, 2010
- ^ "Joe Scarborough & Mika Brzezinski Begin Radio Show Monday". TV Newser. December 5, 2008. http://www.mediabistro.com/tvnewser/msnbc/joe_scarborough_mika_brzezinski_begin_radio_show_monday_102556.asp.
- ^ Stelter, Brian (December 5, 2008). "TV Decoder: 'Morning Joe' Hosts Add Radio to Routine". The New York Times. http://tvdecoder.blogs.nytimes.com/2008/12/05/morning-joe-hosts-add-radio-to-routine/?scp=3&sq=mika%20brzezinski&st=cse.
- ^ "Tom Brokaw is Joe & Mika's First Radio Guest". TV Newser. December 8, 2008. http://www.mediabistro.com/tvnewser/msnbc/tom_brokaw_is_joe_mikas_first_radio_guest_102691.asp.
- ^ Hinckley, David (April 26, 2010). "Joe Scarborough and Mika Brzezinski take 'brief hiatus' from radio show to develop new program". Daily News (New York). http://www.nydailynews.com/entertainment/music/2010/04/26/2010-04-26_joe_scarborough_and_mika_brzezinski_take_brief_hiatus_from_radio_show_to_develop.html.
- ^ "CNN 1998 Election Biography". Cnn.com. 1963-04-09. http://www.cnn.com/ELECTION/1998/states/FL/H/01/jim.scarborough.html. Retrieved 2011-05-22.
- ^ "A coverup for a cause of Autism? - Morning Joe - MSNBC.com". MSNBC. 2005-06-22. http://msnbc.msn.com/id/8243264/. Retrieved 2011-05-22.
External links[link]
- Official Site
- Morning Joe — MSNBC
- Biography at the Biographical Directory of the United States Congress
- Voting record maintained by The Washington Post
- Campaign contributions made by Joe Scarborough
- OnTheIssues page for Congressional terms
- American Politics Journal
- Chris Matthews Interviews Joe Scarborough on Hardball 06/09/09
- Matt Lauer interviews Joe Scarborough on The Today Show 06/09/09
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| Persondata | |
|---|---|
| Name | Scarborough, Joe |
| Alternative names | |
| Short description | American politician |
| Date of birth | April 9, 1963 |
| Place of birth | Atlanta, Georgia |
| Date of death | |
| Place of death | |
http://wn.com/Joe_Scarborough
Related pages:
http://fr.wn.com/Joe Scarborough
http://de.wn.com/Joe Scarborough
http://pl.wn.com/Charles Joseph Scarborough
http://es.wn.com/Joe Scarborough
This page contains text from Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joe_Scarborough
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This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, which means that you can copy and modify it as long as the entire work (including additions) remains under this license.
"Krugman" redirects here. For other uses, see Krugman (disambiguation).
| New Keynesian economics | |
|---|---|
 Krugman at a press conference at the Swedish Academy of Sciences in Stockholm, 2008 |
|
| Born | (1953-02-28) February 28, 1953 (age 59) Albany, New York |
| Nationality | United States |
| Institution | Princeton University, London School of Economics |
| Field | International economics, Macroeconomics |
| Alma mater | MIT (PhD) Yale University (BA) |
| Opposed | Freshwater economics[1][2] |
| Influences | John Maynard Keynes[3] John Hicks[3][4][5] Paul Samuelson |
| Contributions | International Trade Theory New Trade Theory New Economic Geography |
| Awards | John Bates Clark Medal (1991) Príncipe de Asturias Prize (2004) Nobel Memorial Prize in Economics (2008) |
| Information at IDEAS/RePEc | |
Paul Robin Krugman ( /ˈkruːɡmən/;[6] born February 28, 1953) is an American economist, Professor of Economics and International Affairs at the Woodrow Wilson School of Public and International Affairs at Princeton University, Centenary Professor at the London School of Economics, and an op-ed columnist for The New York Times.[7][8] In 2008, Krugman won the Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences (informally the Nobel Prize in Economics) for his contributions to New Trade Theory and New Economic Geography. According to the Nobel Prize Committee, the prize was given for Krugman's work explaining the patterns of international trade and the geographic concentration of wealth, by examining the impact of economies of scale and of consumer preferences for diverse goods and services.[9]
Krugman is known in academia for his work on international economics (including trade theory, economic geography, and international finance),[10][11] liquidity traps and currency crises. He is the 17th most widely cited economist in the world today[12] and is ranked among the most influential academic thinkers in the US.[13]
As of 2008[update], Krugman has written 20 books and has published over 200 scholarly articles in professional journals and edited volumes.[14] He has also written more than 750 columns on economic and political issues for The New York Times.
He also writes on topics ranging from income distribution to international economics. Krugman considers himself a liberal, calling one of his books and his New York Times blog "The Conscience of a Liberal".[15] His commentary has attracted considerable comment and criticism.[16][17][18][19][20]
Contents |
Personal life[link]
Krugman is the son of David and Anita Krugman and the grandson of Jewish immigrants from Brest-Litovsk.[21] He was born in Albany, NY, and grew up in Nassau County, New York.[22] He graduated from John F. Kennedy High School in Bellmore.[23]
According to Krugman, his interest in economics began with Isaac Asimov's Foundation novels, in which the social scientists of the future use "psychohistory" to attempt to save civilization. Since "psychohistory" in Asimov's sense of the word does not exist, Krugman turned to economics, which he considered the next best thing.[24][25]
Krugman's first wife was award-winning designer/artist Robin L. Bergman. He is currently married to Robin Wells, his second wife, an academic economist who has collaborated on textbooks with Krugman.[26][27][28] Krugman reports that he is a distant relative of conservative journalist David Frum.[29] He has described himself as a "Loner. Ordinarily shy. Shy with individuals."[30] He lives with his wife in Princeton, New Jersey.
Academic career[link]
Krugman earned his B.A. in economics from Yale University summa cum laude in 1974 and his PhD from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) in 1977. While at MIT he was part of a small group of MIT students sent to work for the Central Bank of Portugal for three months in summer 1976, in the chaotic aftermath of the Carnation Revolution.[31] From 1982 to 1983, he spent a year working at the Reagan White House as a staff member of the Council of Economic Advisers. He taught at Yale University, MIT, UC Berkeley, the London School of Economics, and Stanford University before joining Princeton University in 2000 as professor of economics and international affairs. He is also currently a centenary professor at the London School of Economics, and a member of the Group of Thirty international economic body. He has been a research associate at the National Bureau of Economic Research since 1979.[32] Most recently, Krugman was President of the Eastern Economic Association.
Paul Krugman has written extensively on international economics, including international trade, economic geography, and international finance. The Research Papers in Economics project ranked him as the 14th most influential economist in the world as of March 2011 based on his academic contributions.[12] Krugman's International Economics: Theory and Policy, co-authored with Maurice Obstfeld, is a standard undergraduate textbook on international economics.[33] He is also co-author, with Robin Wells, of an undergraduate economics text which he says was strongly inspired by the first edition of Paul Samuelson's classic textbook.[34] Krugman also writes on economic topics for the general public, sometimes on international economic topics but also on income distribution and public policy.
The Nobel Prize Committee stated that Krugman's main contribution is his analysis of the impact of economies of scale, combined with the assumption that consumers appreciate diversity, on international trade and on the location of economic activity.[9] The importance of spatial issues in economics has been enhanced by Krugman's ability to popularize this complicated theory with the help of easy-to-read books and state-of-the-art syntheses. "Krugman was beyond doubt the key player in 'placing geographical analysis squarely in the economic mainstream' ... and in conferring it the central role it now assumes."[35]
In 1978, Krugman wrote The Theory of Interstellar Trade, a tongue-in-cheek essay on computing interest rates on goods in transit near the speed of light. He says he wrote it to cheer himself up when he was "an oppressed assistant professor".[36]
New trade theory[link]
Prior to Krugman's work, trade theory (see David Ricardo and Hecksher-Ohlin model) emphasized trade based on the comparative advantage of countries with very different characteristics, such as a country with a high agricultural productivity trading agricultural products for industrial products from a country with a high industrial productivity. However, in the 20th century, an ever larger share of trade occurred between countries with very similar characteristics, which is difficult to explain by comparative advantage. Krugman's explanation of trade between similar countries was proposed in a 1979 paper in the Journal of International Economics, and involves two key assumptions: that consumers prefer a diverse choice of brands, and that production favors economies of scale.[37] Consumers' preference for diversity explains the survival of different versions of cars like Volvo and BMW.[38] But because of economies of scale, it is not profitable to spread the production of Volvos all over the world; instead, it is concentrated in a few factories and therefore in a few countries (or maybe just one). This logic explains how each country may specialize in producing a few brands of any given type of product, instead of specializing in different types of products.
Many models of international trade now follow Krugman's lead, incorporating economies of scale in production and a preference for diversity in consumption.[9] This way of modeling trade has come to be called New Trade Theory.[35]
Krugman's theory also took into account transportation costs, a key feature in producing the "home market effect", which would later feature in his work on the new economic geography. The home market effect "states that, ceteris paribus, the country with the larger demand for a good shall, at equilibrium, produce a more than proportionate share of that good and be a net exporter of it."[35] The home market effect was an unexpected result, and Krugman initially questioned it, but ultimately concluded that the mathematics of the model were correct.[35]
When there are economies of scale in production, it is possible that countries may become 'locked in' to disadvantageous patterns of trade.[39] Nonetheless, trade remains beneficial in general, even between similar countries, because it permits firms to save on costs by producing at a larger, more efficient scale, and because it increases the range of brands available and sharpens the competition between firms.[40] Krugman has usually been supportive of free trade and globalization.[41][42] He has also been critical of industrial policy, which New Trade Theory suggests might offer nations rent-seeking advantages if "strategic industries" can be identified, saying it's not clear that such identification can be done accurately enough to matter.[43]
New economic geography[link]
It took an interval of eleven years, but ultimately Krugman's work on New Trade Theory (NTT) converged to what is usually called the "new economic geography" (NEG), which Krugman began to develop in a seminal 1991 paper in the Journal of Political Economy.[44] In Krugman's own words, the passage from NTT to NEG was "obvious in retrospect; but it certainly took me a while to see it. ... The only good news was that nobody else picked up that $100 bill lying on the sidewalk in the interim."[45] This would become Krugman's most-cited academic paper: by early 2009, it had 857 citations, more than double his second-ranked paper.[35] Krugman called the paper "the love of my life in academic work."[46]
The "home market effect" that Krugman discovered in NTT also features in NEG, which interprets agglomeration "as the outcome of the interaction of increasing returns, trade costs and factor price differences."[35] If trade is largely shaped by economies of scale, as Krugman's trade theory argues, then those economic regions with most production will be more profitable and will therefore attract even more production. That is, NTT implies that instead of spreading out evenly around the world, production will tend to concentrate in a few countries, regions, or cities, which will become densely populated but will also have higher levels of income.[9][11]
International finance[link]
Krugman has also been influential in the field of international finance. As a graduate student, Krugman visited the Federal Reserve Board, where Stephen Salant and Dale Henderson were completing their discussion paper on speculative attacks in the gold market. Krugman adapted their model for the foreign exchange market, resulting in a 1979 paper on currency crises in the Journal of Money, Credit, and Banking, which showed that fixed exchange rate regimes are unlikely to end smoothly: instead, they end in a sudden speculative attack.[47] Krugman's paper is considered one of the main contributions to the 'first generation' of currency crisis models,[48][49] and it is his second-most-cited paper (457 citations as of early 2009).[35]
In response to the global financial crisis of 2008, Krugman proposed, in an informal "mimeo" style of publication,[50] an "international finance multiplier", to help explain the unexpected speed with which the global crisis had occurred. He argued that when, "highly leveraged financial institutions [HLIs], which do a lot of cross-border investment [....] lose heavily in one market [...] they find themselves undercapitalized, and have to sell off assets across the board. This drives down prices, putting pressure on the balance sheets of other HLIs, and so on." Such a rapid contagion had hitherto been considered unlikely because of "decoupling" in a globalized economy.[51][52][53] He first announced that he was working on such a model on his blog, on October 5, 2008.[54] Within days of its appearance, it was being discussed on some popular economics-oriented blogs.[55][56] The note was soon being cited in papers (draft and published) by other economists,[57][58][59][60][61][62][63][64] even though it had not itself been through ordinary peer review processes.
Macroeconomics and fiscal policy[link]
Krugman has done much to revive discussion of the liquidity trap as a topic in economics.[65][66][67][68] He recommended aggressive fiscal policy to counter Japan's lost decade in the 1990s, arguing that the country was mired in a Keynesian liquidity trap.[69][70][71] The debate he started at that time over liquidity traps and what policies best address them continues in the economics literature.[72]
Krugman had argued in The Return of Depression Economics that Japan was in a liquidity trap in the late 1990s, since the central bank could not drop interest rates any lower to escape economic stagnation.[73] The core of Krugman's policy proposal for addressing Japan's liquidity trap was inflation targeting, which, he argued "most nearly approaches the usual goal of modern stabilization policy, which is to provide adequate demand in a clean, unobtrusive way that does not distort the allocation of resources."[71] The proposal appeared first in a web posting on his academic site.[74] This mimeo-draft was soon cited, but was also misread by some as repeating his earlier advice that Japan's best hope was in "turning on the printing presses", as recommended by Milton Friedman, John Makin, and others.[75][76][77]
Krugman has since drawn parallels between Japan's 'lost decade' and the late 2000s recession, arguing that expansionary fiscal policy is necessary as the major industrialized economies are mired in a liquidity trap.[78] In response to economists who point out that the Japanese economy recovered despite not pursuing his policy prescriptions, Krugman maintains that it was an export-led boom that pulled Japan out of its economic slump in the late-90s, rather than reforms of the financial system.[79]
Krugman was one of the most prominent advocates of the 2008–2009 Keynesian resurgence , so much so that economics commentator Noah Smith referred to it as the "Krugman insurgency." [80] [81] [82]
Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences[link]
 |
Wikinews has related news: American Paul Krugman wins Nobel prize for economics |
Krugman was awarded the Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences (informally the Nobel Prize in Economics), the sole recipient for 2008. This prize includes an award of about $1.4 million and was given to Krugman for his work associated with New Trade Theory and the New Economic Geography.[83] In the words of the prize committee, "By having integrated economies of scale into explicit general equilibrium models, Paul Krugman has deepened our understanding of the determinants of trade and the location of economic activity."[84]
Awards[link]
- 1991, American Economic Association, John Bates Clark Medal.[85] Since it was awarded to only one person, once every two years (prior to 2009), The Economist has described the Clark Medal as 'slightly harder to get than a Nobel prize'.[86]
- 1992, Fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences (AAAS).[32]
- 1995, Adam Smith Award of the National Association for Business Economics[87]
- 1998, Doctor honoris causa in Economics awarded by Free University of Berlin Freie Universität Berlin in Germany
- 2000, H.C. Recktenwald Prize in Economics, awarded by University of Erlangen-Nuremberg in Germany.
- 2002, Editor and Publisher, Columnist of the Year.[88]
- 2004, Fundación Príncipe de Asturias (Spain), Prince of Asturias Awards in Social Sciences.[89]
- 2004, Doctor of Humane Letters honoris causa, Haverford College[90]
- 2008, Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences (informally the Nobel Prize in Economics) for Krugman's contributions to New Trade Theory.[91] He became the twelfth John Bates Clark Medal winner to be awarded the Nobel Memorial Prize.
- 2012, Doctor honoris causa from the Universidade de Lisboa, Universidade Técnica de Lisboa and Universidade Nova de Lisboa[92][93]
Author[link]
In the 1990s, besides academic books and textbooks, Krugman increasingly began writing books for a general audience on issues he considered important for public policy. In The Age of Diminished Expectations (1990), he wrote in particular about the increasing US income inequality in the "New Economy" of the 1990s. He attributes the rise in income inequality in part to changes in technology, but principally to a change in political atmosphere which he attributes to Movement Conservatives.
In September 2003, Krugman published a collection of his columns under the title, The Great Unraveling, about the Bush administration's economic and foreign policies and the US economy in the early 2000s. His columns argued that the large deficits during that time were generated by the Bush administration as a result of decreasing taxes on the rich, increasing public spending, and fighting the Iraq war. Krugman wrote that these policies were unsustainable in the long run and would eventually generate a major economic crisis. The book was a best-seller.[86][94][95]
In 2007, Krugman published The Conscience of a Liberal, whose title refers to Barry Goldwater's Conscience of a Conservative.[96] It details the history of wealth and income gaps in the United States in the 20th century. The book describes how the gap between rich and poor declined greatly in middle of the century, and then widened in the last two decades to levels higher even than in the 1920s. In Conscience, Krugman argues that government policies played a much greater role than commonly thought both in reducing inequality in the 1930s through 1970s and in increasing it in the 1980s through the present, and criticizes the Bush administration for implementing policies that Krugman believes widened the gap between the rich and poor.
Krugman also argued that Republicans owed their electoral successes to their ability to exploit the race issue to win political dominance of the South.[97][98] Krugman argues that Ronald Reagan had used the "Southern Strategy" to signal sympathy for racism without saying anything overtly racist,[99] citing as an example Reagan's coining of the term "welfare queen".[100]
In his book, Krugman proposed a "new New Deal", which included placing more emphasis on social and medical programs and less on national defense.[101] Liberal journalist and author Michael Tomasky argued that in The Conscience of a Liberal Krugman is committed "to accurate history even when some fudging might be in order for the sake of political expediency."[97] In a review for The New York Times, Pulitzer prize-winning historian David M. Kennedy stated, "Like the rants of Rush Limbaugh or the films of Michael Moore, Krugman's shrill polemic may hearten the faithful, but it will do little to persuade the unconvinced".[102]
In late 2008, Krugman published a substantial updating of an earlier work, entitled "The Return of Depression Economics and the Crisis of 2008". In the book, he discusses the failure of the United States regulatory system to keep pace with a financial system increasingly out-of-control, and the causes of and possible ways to contain the greatest financial crisis since the 1930s.
In 2012, Krugman published, End This Depression Now!, a book which argues that looking at the available historical economic data, fiscal cuts and austerity measures only deprive the economy of valuable funds that can circulate and further add to a poor economy - people cannot spend, and markets cannot thrive if there is not enough consumption and there can not be sufficient consumption if there is large unemployment. He argues that while it is necessary to cut debt, it is the worst time to do so in an economy that has just suffered the most severe of financial shocks, and must be done instead when an economy is near full-employment when the private sector can withstand the burden of decreased government spending and austerity. Failure to stimulate the economy either by public or private sectors will only unnecessarily lengthen the current economic depression and make it worse.[103]
Commentator[link]
Martin Wolf has written that Krugman is both the "most hated and most admired columnist in the US". [104] Economist J. Peter Neary has noted that Krugman "has written on a wide range of topics, always combining one of the best prose styles in the profession with an ability to construct elegant, insightful and useful models."[105] Neary added that "no discussion of his work could fail to mention his transition from Academic Superstar to Public Intellectual. Through his extensive writings, including a regular column for The New York Times, monographs and textbooks at every level, and books on economics and current affairs for the general public ... he has probably done more than any other writer to explain economic principles to a wide audience."[105] Krugman has been described as the most controversial economist in his generation[106][107] and according to Michael Tomasky since 1992 he has moved "from being a center-left scholar to being a liberal polemicist."[97]
From the mid-1990s onwards, Krugman wrote for Fortune (1997–99)[32] and Slate (1996–99),[32] and then for The Harvard Business Review, Foreign Policy, The Economist, Harper's, and Washington Monthly. In this period Krugman critiqued various positions commonly taken on economic issues from across the political spectrum, from protectionism and opposition to the World Trade Organization on the left to supply side economics on the right.[108]
During the 1992 presidential campaign Krugman praised Bill Clinton's economic plan in The New York Times, and Clinton's campaign used some of Krugman's work on income inequality. At the time, it was considered likely that Clinton would offer him a position in the new administration, but allegedly Krugman's volatility and outspokenness caused Clinton to look elsewhere.[106] Krugman later said that he was "temperamentally unsuited for that kind of role. You have to be very good at people skills, biting your tongue when people say silly things."[108][109] In a Fresh Dialogues interview, Krugman added, "you have to be reasonably organized...I can move into a pristine office and within three days it will look like a grenade went off."[110]
In 1999, near the height of the dot com boom, The New York Times approached Krugman to write a bi-weekly column on "the vagaries of business and economics in an age of prosperity."[108] His first columns in 2000 addressed business and economic issues, but as the 2000 US presidential campaign progressed, Krugman increasingly focused on George W. Bush's policy proposals. According to Krugman, this was partly due to "the silence of the media - those 'liberal media' conservatives complain about...."[108] Krugman accused Bush of repeatedly misrepresenting his proposals, and criticized the proposals themselves.[108] After Bush's election, and his perseverance with his proposed tax cut in the midst of the slump (which Krugman argued would do little to help the economy but substantially raise the fiscal deficit), Krugman's columns grew angrier and more focused on the administration. As Alan Blinder put it in 2002, "There's been a kind of missionary quality to his writing since then ... He's trying to stop something now, using the power of the pen."[108] Partly as a result, Krugman's twice-weekly column on the Op-Ed page of The New York Times has made him, according to Nicholas Confessore, "the most important political columnist in America... he is almost alone in analyzing the most important story in politics in recent years – the seamless melding of corporate, class, and political party interests at which the Bush administration excels."[108] In an interview in late 2009, Krugman said his missionary zeal had changed in the post-Bush era and he described the Obama administration as "good guys but not as forceful as I'd like...When I argue with them in my column this is a serious discussion. We really are in effect speaking across the transom here."[111] Krugman says he's more effective at driving change outside the administration than inside it, "now, I'm trying to make this progressive moment in American history a success. So that's where I'm pushing."[111]
Krugman's columns have drawn criticism as well as praise. A 2003 article in The Economist[112] questioned Krugman's "growing tendency to attribute all the world's ills to George Bush," citing critics who felt that "his relentless partisanship is getting in the way of his argument" and claiming errors of economic and political reasoning in his columns.[86] Daniel Okrent, a former The New York Times ombudsman, in his farewell column, criticized Krugman for what he said was "the disturbing habit of shaping, slicing and selectively citing numbers in a fashion that pleases his acolytes but leaves him open to substantive assaults."[113][114]
Krugman's New York Times blog is "The Conscience of a Liberal," devoted largely to economics and politics.
Five days after 9/11 terrorist attacks Krugman argued in his column that calamity was "partly self-inflicted" due to transfer of responsibility for airport security from government to airlines. His column provoked an angry response and The New York Times was flooded with complaints. According to Larissa MacFarquhar of The New Yorker, while some people[who?] thought that he was too partisan to be a columnist for The New York Times, he was revered on the left.[115][116] Similarly, on the 10th anniversary of the 9/11 on the United States Krugman again provoked a controversy by accusing on his New York Times blog former U.S. President George W. Bush and former New York City mayor Rudy Giuliani of rushing "to cash in on the horror" after the attacks and describing the anniversary as "an occasion for shame".[117][118]
East Asian growth[link]
In a 1994 Foreign Affairs article, Paul Krugman argued that it was a myth that the economic successes of the East Asian 'tigers' constituted an economic miracle. He argued that their rise was fueled by mobilizing resources and that their growth rates would inevitably slow.[119] His article helped popularize the argument made by Lawrence Lau and Alwyn Young, among others, that the growth of economies in East Asia was not the result of new and original economic models, but rather from high capital investment and increasing labor force participation, and that total factor productivity had not increased. Krugman argued that in the long term, only increasing total factor productivity can lead to sustained economic growth. Krugman's article was highly criticized in many Asian countries when it first appeared, and subsequent studies disputed some of Krugman's conclusions. However, it also stimulated a great deal of research, and may have caused the Singapore government to provide incentives for technological progress.[120]
During the 1997 Asian financial crisis, Krugman advocated currency controls as a way to mitigate the crisis. Writing in a Fortune magazine article, he suggested exchange controls as "a solution so unfashionable, so stigmatized, that hardly anyone has dared suggest it."[121] Malaysia was the only country that adopted such controls, and although the Malaysian government credited its rapid economic recovery on currency controls, the relationship is disputed.[122] An empirical study found that the Malaysian policies produced faster economic recovery and smaller declines in employment and real wages.[123] Krugman later stated that the controls might not have been necessary at the time they were applied, but that nevertheless "Malaysia has proved a point—namely, that controlling capital in a crisis is at least feasible."[124] Krugman more recently pointed out that emergency capital controls have even been endorsed by the IMF, and are no longer considered radical policy.[125]
U.S. economic policies[link]
In the early 2000s, Krugman repeatedly criticized the Bush tax cuts, both before and after they were enacted. Krugman argued that the tax cuts enlarged the budget deficit without improving the economy, and that they enriched the wealthy – worsening income distribution in the US.[95][126][127][128][129] Krugman advocated lower interest rates (to promote spending on housing and other durable goods), and increased government spending on infrastructure, military, and unemployment benefits, arguing that these policies would have a larger stimulus effect, and unlike permanent tax cuts, would only temporarily increase the budget deficit.[129]
In August 2005, after Alan Greenspan expressed concern over housing markets, Krugman criticized Greenspan's earlier reluctance to regulate the mortgage and related financial markets, arguing that "[he's] like a man who suggests leaving the barn door ajar, and then – after the horse is gone – delivers a lecture on the importance of keeping your animals properly locked up."[130]
Krugman has repeatedly expressed his view that Greenspan and Phil Gramm are the two individuals most responsible for causing the subprime crisis. Krugman points to Greenspan and Gramm for the key roles they played in keeping derivatives, financial markets, and investment banks unregulated, and to the Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act, which repealed Great Depression era safeguards that prevented commercial banks, investment banks and insurance companies from merging.[131][132][133][134]
Krugman has also been critical of some of the Obama administration's economic policies. He has criticized the Obama stimulus plan as being too small and inadequate given the size of the economy and the banking rescue plan as misdirected; Krugman wrote in The New York Times: "an overwhelming majority [of the American public] believes that the government is spending too much to help large financial institutions. This suggests that the administration's money-for-nothing financial policy will eventually deplete its political capital."[135] In particular, he considered the Obama administration's actions to prop up the US financial system in 2009 to be impractical and unduly favorable to Wall Street bankers.[114] In anticipation of President Obama's Job Summit in December 2009, Krugman said in a Fresh Dialogues interview, "This jobs summit can't be an empty exercise…he can't come out with a proposal for $10 or $20 Billion of stuff because people will view that as a joke. There has to be a significant job proposal…I have in mind something like $300 Billion."[136]
Krugman has recently criticized China's exchange rate policy, which he believes to be a significant drag on global economic recovery from the Late-2000s recession, and he has advocated a "surcharge" on Chinese imports to the US in response.[137] Jeremy Warner of The Daily Telegraph accused Krugman of advocating a return to self-destructive protectionism.[138]
In April 2010, as the Senate began considering new financial regulations, Krugman argued that the regulations should not only regulate financial innovation, but also tax financial-industry profits and remuneration. He cited a paper by Andrei Shleifer and Robert Vishny released the previous week, which concludes that most innovation was in fact about "providing investors with false substitutes for [traditional] assets like bank deposits," and once investors realize the sheer number of securities that are unsafe a "flight to safety" occurs which necessarily leads to "financial fragility."[139][140]
In his June 28, 2010 column in The New York Times, in light of the recent G-20 Toronto Summit, Krugman criticized world leaders for agreeing to halve deficits by 2013. Krugman claimed that these efforts could lead the global economy into the early stages of a "third depression" and leave "millions of lives blighted by the absence of jobs." He advocated instead the continued stimulus of economies to foster greater growth.[141]
Economic views[link]
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Krugman identifies as a Keynesian[142] and a saltwater economist,[1] and he has criticized the freshwater school on macroeconomics.[2][143] Though he applies New Keynesian theory in some of his work, he has also criticized it for lacking predictive power and for hewing to ideas like the efficient markets hypothesis and rational expectations.[143] Since the 1990s, he has promoted the IS-LM model as invented by John Hicks, pointing out its relative simplicity compared to New Keynesianism and continued currency in practical economic policy.[5][4][144]
In the wake of the 2007-2009 financial crisis he has remarked that he is "gravitating towards a Keynes-Fisher-Minsky view of macroeconomics."[145] Post-Keynesian observers cite commonalities between Krugman's views and those of the Post-Keynesian school.[146][147] [148] In recent academic work, he has collaborated with Gauti Eggertsson on a New Keynesian model of debt-overhang and debt-driven slumps, inspired by the writings of Irving Fisher, Hyman Minsky, and Richard Koo. Their work argues that during a debt-driven slump, the "paradox of toil", together with the paradox of flexibility, can exacerbate a liquidity trap, reducing demand and employment.[149]
Free trade[link]
Krugman's views on free trade have provoked considerable ire from the anti-globalism movement.[150][151][20] He once famously quipped that, "If there were an Economist's Creed, it would surely contain the affirmations 'I understand the Principle of Comparative Advantage' and 'I advocate Free Trade'."[152][153] However, in the same article, Krugman argues[153] that, given the findings of New Trade Theory,
- ... free trade is not passé, but ... has irretrievably lost its innocence. Its status has shifted from optimum to reasonable rule of thumb...it can never again be asserted as the policy that economic theory tells us is always right.
Nevertheless, Krugman declares in favor of free trade given the enormous political costs of actively engaging in strategic trade policy (i.e. rent-seeking) and because there is no clear method for a government to discover which industries will ultimately yield positive returns. In the same article, Krugman expressed that the phenomena of increasing returns (of which strategic trade policy depends) does not disprove the underlying truth behind comparative advantage.
Political views[link]
Krugman describes himself as liberal, and has explained that he views the term "liberal" in the American context to mean "more or less what social democratic means in Europe."[96] In a 2009 Newsweek article, Evan Thomas described Krugman as having "all the credentials of a ranking member of the East coast liberal establishment" but also as someone who is anti-establishment, a "scourge of the Bush administration," and a critic of the Obama administration.[114] In 1996, Newsweek's Michael Hirsh remarked "Say this for Krugman: though an unabashed liberal ... he's ideologically colorblind. He savages the supply-siders of the Reagan-Bush era with the same glee as he does the 'strategic traders' of the Clinton administration."[106]
Krugman has advocated free markets in contexts where they are often viewed as controversial. He has written against rent control in favor of supply and demand,[154] likened the opposition against free trade and globalization to the opposition against evolution via natural selection,[150] opposed farm subsidies,[155] argued that sweatshops are preferable to unemployment,[41] dismissed the case for living wages,[156] argued against mandates, subsidies, and tax breaks for ethanol,[157] and questioned NASA's manned space flights.[158] Krugman has also criticized U.S. zoning laws[159] and European labor market regulation.[160][161] He calls current Israeli policy "narrow-minded" and "basically a gradual, long-run form of national suicide", saying that it's "bad for Jews everywhere, not to mention the world".[162]
U.S. race relations[link]
Krugman has repeatedly criticized the Republican Party leadership for what he sees as a strategic (but largely tacit) reliance on racial divisions.[163][164][165] In his Conscience of a Liberal, he wrote
The changing politics of race made it possible for a revived conservative movement, whose ultimate goal was to reverse the achievements of the New Deal, to win national elections – even though it supported policies that favored the interests of a narrow elite over those of middle- and lower-income Americans.[166]
Krugman also defended Glenn Loury, a conservative black economist at Brown University, from the criticism of many African-American political leaders.[167] According to Krugman, Loury saw clearly that "The problems facing African-Americans had changed. The biggest barrier to progress was no longer active racism of whites but internal social problems of the black community."[168][169][170]
On working in the Reagan administration[link]
Krugman worked for Martin Feldstein when the latter was appointed chairman of the Council of Economic Advisers and chief economic advisor to President Ronald Reagan. He later wrote in an autobiographical essay, "It was, in a way, strange for me to be part of the Reagan Administration. I was then and still am an unabashed defender of the welfare state, which I regard as the most decent social arrangement yet devised."[31] Krugman found the time "thrilling, then disillusioning". He did not fit into the Washington political environment, and was not tempted to stay on.[31]
On Gordon Brown vs David Cameron[link]
Although Krugman includes Gordon Brown among those he considers at fault for the Late-2000s financial crisis,[171] he has also praised the former British Prime Minister, whom he described as "more impressive than any US politician" after a three-hour conversation with him.[172] Krugman asserted that Brown "defined the character of the worldwide financial rescue effort" and urged British voters not to support the opposition Conservative Party in the 2010 General Election, arguing their Party Leader David Cameron "has had little to offer other than to raise the red flag of fiscal panic."[173][174]
Controversies[link]
Partisanship[link]
In a 2003 article, The Economist noted that Krugman's critics argue that "his relentless partisanship is getting in the way of his argument". The Economist also wrote that the vast majority of Krugman's columns feature attacks on Republicans and almost none criticize Democrats, making him "a sort of ivory-tower folk-hero of the American left—a thinking person's Michael Moore".[17]
Libertarian conservative federal appeals court judge Richard Posner called Krugman "an unabashed Democratic partisan who often goes overboard in his hatred of the Republicans."[175]
Liberal journalist and author Michael Tomasky in The New York Review of Books stated "Many liberals would name Paul Krugman of The New York Times as perhaps the most consistent and courageous—and unapologetic—liberal partisan in American journalism."[176] New York Magazine called Krugman "the leading exponent of a kind of liberal purism", while liberal historian Michael Kazin has opined that Krugman’s account of the right succumbed to the Marxist flaw of false consciousness.[177]
Economics and policy recommendations[link]
Economist and former United States Secretary of the Treasury Larry Summers has stated Krugman has a tendency to favor more extreme policy recommendations because "it’s much more interesting than agreement when you’re involved in commenting on rather than making policy."[177]
According to Harvard professor of economics Robert Barro, Krugman "has never done any work in Keynesian macroeconomics" and makes arguments that are politically convenient for him.[178] Nobel laureate Edward Prescott charged that Krugman "doesn't command respect in the profession", as "no respectable macroeconomist" believes that economic stimulus works.[179]
Enron[link]
In early 1999, Krugman served on an advisory panel (including Larry Lindsey and Robert Zoellick) that offered Enron executives briefings on economic and political issues. He resigned from the panel in the fall of 1999 to comply with The New York Times rules regarding conflicts of interest, when he accepted the Times's offer to become an op-ed columnist.[180] Krugman later stated that he was paid $37,500 (not $50,000 as often reported - his early resignation cost him part of his fee), and that, for consulting that required him to spend four days in Houston, the fee was "rather low compared with my usual rates", which were around $20,000 for a one-hour speech.[180] He also stated that the advisory panel "had no function that I was aware of", and that he later interpreted his role as being "just another brick in the wall" Enron used to build an image.[181]
When the story of Enron's corporate scandals broke two years later, Krugman was accused of unethical journalism, specifically of having a conflict of interest.[182][183][184] Some of his critics claimed that "The Ascent of E-man," an article Krugman wrote for Fortune magazine[185] about the rise of the market as illustrated by Enron's energy trading, was biased by Krugman's earlier consulting work for them.[180] Krugman later argued that "The Ascent of E-Man" was in character, writing "I have always been a free-market Keynesian: I like free markets, but I want some government supervision to correct market failures and ensure stability."[180] Krugman noted his previous relationship with Enron in that article and in other articles he wrote on the company.[180][186] Krugman was one of the first to argue that deregulation of the California energy market had led to market manipulation by energy companies.[187]
In popular culture[link]
Krugman appears as himself in a cameo in the 2010 comedy film Get Him to the Greek.[188] In the Loudon Wainwright III song "The Krugman Blues"[189] on the 2010 album 10 Songs for the New Depression, Wainwright describes reading Krugman's articles in The New York Times.
Published works[link]
Academic books (authored or coauthored)[link]
- The Spatial Economy – Cities, Regions and International Trade (July 1999), with Masahisa Fujita and Anthony Venables. MIT Press, ISBN 0-262-06204-6
- The Self Organizing Economy (February 1996), ISBN 1-55786-698-8
- EMU and the Regions (December 1995), with Guillermo de la Dehesa. ISBN 1-56708-038-3
- Development, Geography, and Economic Theory (Ohlin Lectures) (September 1995), ISBN 0-262-11203-5
- Foreign Direct Investment in the United States (3rd Edition) (February 1995), with Edward M. Graham. ISBN 0-88132-204-0
- World Savings Shortage (September 1994), ISBN 0-88132-161-3
- What Do We Need to Know About the International Monetary System? (Essays in International Finance, No 190 July 1993) ISBN 0-88165-097-8
- Currencies and Crises (June 1992), ISBN 0-262-11165-9
- Geography and Trade (Gaston Eyskens Lecture Series) (August 1991), ISBN 0-262-11159-4
- The Risks Facing the World Economy (July 1991), with Guillermo de la Dehesa and Charles Taylor. ISBN 1-56708-073-1
- Has the Adjustment Process Worked? (Policy Analyses in International Economics, 34) (June 1991), ISBN 0-88132-116-8
- Rethinking International Trade (April 1990), ISBN 0-262-11148-9
- Trade Policy and Market Structure (March 1989), with Elhanan Helpman. ISBN 0-262-08182-2
- Exchange-Rate Instability (Lionel Robbins Lectures) (November 1988), ISBN 0-262-11140-3
- Adjustment in the World Economy (August 1987) ISBN 1-56708-023-5
- Market Structure and Foreign Trade: Increasing Returns, Imperfect Competition, and the International Economy (May 1985), with Elhanan Helpman. ISBN 0-262-08150-4
Academic books (edited or coedited)[link]
- Currency Crises (National Bureau of Economic Research Conference Report) (September 2000), ISBN 0-226-45462-2
- Trade with Japan : Has the Door Opened Wider? (National Bureau of Economic Research Project Report) (March 1995), ISBN 0-226-45459-2
- Empirical Studies of Strategic Trade Policy (National Bureau of Economic Research Project Report) (April 1994), co-edited with Alasdair Smith. ISBN 0-226-45460-6
- Exchange Rate Targets and Currency Bands (October 1991), co-edited with Marcus Miller. ISBN 0-521-41533-0
- Strategic Trade Policy and the New International Economics (January 1986), ISBN 0-262-11112-8
Economics textbooks[link]
- Economics: European Edition (Spring 2007), with Robin Wells and Kathryn Graddy. ISBN 0-7167-9956-1
- Macroeconomics (February 2006), with Robin Wells. ISBN 0-7167-6763-5
- Economics, first edition (December 2005), with Robin Wells. ISBN 1-57259-150-1
- Economics, second edition (2009), with Robin Wells. ISBN 0-7167-7158-6
- Microeconomics (March 2004), with Robin Wells. ISBN 0-7167-5997-7
- International Economics: Theory and Policy, with Maurice Obstfeld. 7th Edition (2006), ISBN 0-321-29383-5; 1st Edition (1998), ISBN 0-673-52186-9
Books for a general audience[link]
- End This Depression Now! (April 2012) ISBN 0-393-08877-4
- A call for stimulative expansionary policy and an end to austerity
- The Return of Depression Economics and the Crisis of 2008 (December 2008) ISBN 0-393-07101-4
- An updated version of his previous work.
- The Conscience of a Liberal (October 2007) ISBN 0-393-06069-1
- The Great Unraveling: Losing Our Way in the New Century (September 2003) ISBN 0-393-05850-6
- A book of his The New York Times columns, many deal with the economic policies of the Bush administration or the economy in general.
- Fuzzy Math: The Essential Guide to the Bush Tax Plan (May 4, 2001) ISBN 0-393-05062-9
- The Return of Depression Economics (May 1999) ISBN 0-393-04839-X
- Considers the long economic stagnation of Japan through the 1990s, the Asian financial crisis, and problems in Latin America.
- The Return of Depression Economics and the Crisis of 2008 (December 2008) ISBN 0-393-07101-4
- The Accidental Theorist and Other Dispatches from the Dismal Science (May 1998) ISBN 0-393-04638-9
- Essay collection, primarily from Krugman's writing for Slate.
- Pop Internationalism (March 1996) ISBN 0-262-11210-8
- Essay collection, covering largely the same ground as Peddling Prosperity.
- Peddling Prosperity: Economic Sense and Nonsense in an Age of Diminished Expectations (April 1995) ISBN 0-393-31292-5
- History of economic thought from the first rumblings of revolt against Keynesian economics to the present, for the layman.
- The Age of Diminished Expectations: U.S. Economic Policy in the 1990s (1990) ISBN 0-262-11156-X
- A "briefing book" on the major policy issues around the economy.
- Revised and Updated, January 1994, ISBN 0-262-61092-2
- Third Edition, August 1997, ISBN 0-262-11224-8
Selected academic articles[link]
- (1998) 'It's Baaack: Japan's Slump and the Return of the Liquidity Trap' Brookings Papers on Economic Activity 1998, pp. 137–205.
- (1996) 'Are currency crises self-fulfilling?' NBER Macroeconomics Annual 11, pp. 345–78.
- (1995) (with AJ Venables). "Globalization and the inequality of nations". Quarterly Journal of Economics 110 (4): 857–880. DOI:10.2307/2946642.
- (1991) 'Increasing returns and economic geography'. Journal of Political Economy 99, pp. 483–99.
- (1991) "Target zones and exchange rate dynamics". Quarterly Journal of Economics 106 (3): 669–82. DOI:10.2307/2937922.
- (1991) 'History versus expectations'. Quarterly Journal of Economics 106 (2), pp. 651–67.
- (1981) 'Intra-industry specialization and the gains from trade'. Journal of Political Economy 89, pp. 959–73.
- (1980) 'Scale economies, product differentiation, and the pattern of trade'. American Economic Review 70, pp. 950–59.
- (1979) 'A model of balance-of-payments crises'. Journal of Money, Credit, and Banking 11, pp. 311–25.
- (1979) 'Increasing returns, monopolistic competition, and international trade'. Journal of International Economics 9, pp. 469–79.
See also[link]
- Capitol Hill Baby-Sitting Co-op, popularized in Krugman's book, Peddling Prosperity
- List of economists
- List of Jewish Nobel laureates
- List of newspaper columnists
References[link]
- ^ a b Krugman, Paul (July 29, 2009). "The lessons of 1979-82". The New York Times. http://krugman.blogs.nytimes.com/2009/07/30/the-lessons-of-1979-82/.
- ^ a b Krugman, Paul (September 23, 2009). "The freshwater backlash (boring)". The New York Times. http://krugman.blogs.nytimes.com/2009/09/23/the-freshwater-backlash-boring/.
- ^ a b Paul Krugman (August 10, 2011). "Dismal Thoughts". The Conscience of a Liberal. http://krugman.blogs.nytimes.com/2011/08/10/dismal-thoughts/. Retrieved August 10, 2011.
- ^ a b Krugman, Paul (August 30, 2011). "Who You Gonna Bet On, Yet Again (Somewhat Wonkish)". Conscience of a Liberal (blog) (New York Times). http://krugman.blogs.nytimes.com/2011/08/30/who-you-gonna-bet-on-yet-again-somewhat-wonkish/. Retrieved 2011-11-18.
- ^ a b Krugman, Paul. "There's something about macro". MIT. http://web.mit.edu/krugman/www/islm.html. Retrieved 2011-11-18.
- ^ See inogolo:pronunciation of Paul Krugman.
- ^ London School of Economics, Centre for Economic Performance, Lionel Robbins Memorial Lectures 2009: The Return of Depression Economics. Retrieved August 19, 2009.
- ^ "About Paul Krugman". krugmanonline. W. W. Norton & Company. http://www.krugmanonline.com/about.php. Retrieved May 15, 2009.
- ^ a b c d Nobel Prize Committee, "The Prize in Economic Sciences 2008"
- ^ Note: Krugman modeled a 'preference for diversity' by assuming a CES utility function like that in A. Dixit and J. Stiglitz (1977), 'Monopolistic competition and optimal product diversity', American Economic Review 67.
- ^ a b Forbes, October 13, 2008, "Paul Krugman, Nobel"
- ^ a b "Economist Rankings at IDEAS – Top 10% Authors, as of March 2012". Research Papers in Economics. March 2012. http://ideas.repec.org/top/top.person.all.html. Retrieved April 29, 2012.
- ^ Davis, William L, Bob Figgins, David Hedengren, and Daniel B. Klein. "Economic Professors' Favorite Economic Thinkers, Journals, and Blogs," Econ Journal Watch 8(2): 126-146, May 2011.[1]
- ^ Rampell, Catherine. "Paul Krugman Short Biography". New York Times. http://topics.nytimes.com/top/opinion/editorialsandoped/oped/columnists/paulkrugman/index.html. Retrieved 2011-10-04.
- ^ The New York Times, "The Conscience of a Liberal." Retrieved August 6, 2009
- ^ Luskin, Donald (Sep 21, 2005). "Checkmate". National Review.
- ^ a b "The one-handed economist", The Economist, 2003-11-13, http://www.economist.com/node/2208841, retrieved 2011-08-10
- ^ Street, Paul. "Obama's Violin". Z Magazine . http://www.zcommunications.org/obamas-violin-by-paul-street. Retrieved 2011-11-25.
- ^ Devine, J. (1998). "Globalization and the 'Universal Market'". New York: ASSA Annual Conference. http://www.pkarchive.org/others/kugmanx.html.
- ^ a b Dale, Leigh; Gilbert, Helen (2007). Economies of representation, 1790-2000: colonialism and commerce. Ashgate Publishing, Ltd.. pp. 200–201. ISBN 0-7546-6257-8. http://books.google.com/books?id=BqLM4GitusQC&pg=PA200&dq=krugman+anti-globalization&hl=en&ei=A3-yTYGXL4-6ugOjlvyYBw&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=6&ved=0CEMQ6AEwBQ#v=onepage&q=krugman%20anti-globalization&f=false. "[Krugman and Obstfeld] seem to want to shame students into believing that there are no well-found arguments against coercing poor countries into free trade [....] poor logic and pernicious insensitivity."
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- ^ Associated Press, "Paul Krugman, LI Native, wins Nobel in economics",Newsday, October 14, 2008
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- ^ "Sources of international friction and cooperation in high-technology development and trade." National Academies Press, 1996, p. 190
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- ^ Note: Krugman modeled a 'preference for diversity' by assuming a CES utility function like that in Avinash Dixit and Joseph Stiglitz (1977), 'Monopolistic competition and optimal product diversity', American Economic Review 67.
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- ^ "Bold strokes: a strong economic stylist wins the Nobel", The Economist, October 16, 2008.
- ^ a b In Praise of Cheap Labor by Paul Krugman, Slate, March 21, 1997
- ^ (He writes on p. xxvi of his book The Great Unraveling that "I still have the angry letter Ralph Nader sent me when I criticized his attacks on globalization.")
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- ^ "The International Finance Multiplier", P. Krugman, October 2008
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- ^ "Some Observations on the Return of the Liquidity Trap", Scott Sumner, Cato Journal, Vol. 21, No. 3 (Winter 2002).
- ^ Reconstructing Macroeconomics: Structuralist Proposals and Critiques of the Mainstream, Lance Taylor, Harvard University Press, p.159: "Kregel (2000) points out that there are at least three theories of the liquidity trap in the literature--Keynes own analyses [...] Hicks' [in] 1936 and 1937 [...] and a view that can be attributed to Fisher in the 1930s and Paul Krugman in latter days"
- ^ Paul Krugman. "Paul Krugman's Japan page". Web.mit.edu. http://web.mit.edu/krugman/www/jpage.html. Retrieved 2011-10-04.
- ^ "It's Baaack: Japan's Slump and the Return of the Liquidity Trap", Paul R. Krugman, Kathryn M. Dominquez, Kenneth Rogoff. Brookings Papers on Economic Activity, Vol. 1998, No. 2 (1998), pp. 137-205
- ^ a b Krugman, Paul (2000), "Thinking About the Liquidity Trap", Journal of the Japanese and International Economies, v.14, no.4, Dec 2000, pp 221-237.
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- ^ Krugman, Paul (1999). "The Return of Depression Economics", p.70-77. W. W. Norton, New York ISBN 0-393-04839-X
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- ^ Catherine Rampell (October 13, 2008). "Paul Krugman Wins Economics Nobel - Economix Blog - NYTimes.com". Economix.blogs.nytimes.com. http://economix.blogs.nytimes.com/2008/10/13/paul-krugman-wins-economics-nobel/?em. Retrieved October 13, 2008.
- ^ Prize Committee of the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences, October 13, 2008, Scientific background on the Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel 2008, "Trade and Geography – Economies of Scale, Differentiated Products and Transport Costs"
- ^ Avinash Dixit, The Journal of Economic Perspectives, Vol. 7, No. 2 (Spring, 1993), pp. 173-188, In Honor of Paul Krugman: Winner of the John Bates Clark Medal, Retrieved March 28, 2007.
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- ^ "Paul Krugman: Doctor honoris causa by three Portuguese universities – Portugal". Portuguese American Journal. February 28, 2012. http://portuguese-american-journal.com/paul-krugman-doctor-honoris-causa-by-three-portuguese-universities-%E2%80%93-portugal/. Retrieved March 19, 2012.
- ^ "The Great Unraveling: Losing Our Way in the New Century". Powell's Books. http://www.powells.com/biblio/61-0393326055-0. Retrieved November 22, 2007.
- ^ a b Krugman, Paul, Rolling Stone. December 14, 2006, "The Great Wealth Transfer"
- ^ a b "Nobelpristagaren i ekonomi 2008: Paul Krugman", speech by Paul Krugman (Retrieved December 26, 2008) 00:43 "The title of The Conscience of a Liberal [...] is a reference to a book published almost 50 years ago in the United States called The Conscience of a Conservative by Barry Goldwater. That book is often taken to be the origin, the start, of a movement that ended up dominating U.S. politics that reached its first pinnacle under Ronald Reagan and then reached its full control of the U.S. government for most of the last eight years."
- ^ a b c Michael Tomasky, The New York Review of Books, November 22, 2007, "The Partisan"
- ^ Krugman, Paul. The Conscience of a Liberal, 2007, W.W. Norton & Co. ISBN 0-393-06069-1 p. 182
- ^ Conscience of a Liberal, p.102
- ^ Conscience of a Liberal, p.108
- ^ October 17, 2007- Krugman "On Healthcare, Tax Cuts, Social Security, the Mortgage Crisis and Alan Greenspan", in response to Alan Greenspan's September 24 appearance with Naomi Klein on Democracy Now!
- ^ "Malefactors of Megawealth" David M. Kennedy
- ^ "Paul Krugman's Prescription For A 'Depression'". NPR Books. National Public Radio. http://www.npr.org/2012/04/27/151473654/paul-krugmans-prescription-for-a-depression. Retrieved 9 May 2012.
- ^ Martin Wolf (2012-05-24). "Lunch with the FT: Paul Krugman". The Financial Times. http://www.ft.com/cms/s/2/022acf50-a4d1-11e1-9a94-00144feabdc0.html. Retrieved 2012-05-29.
- ^ a b J. Peter Neary (2009), "Putting the 'New' into New Trade Theory: Paul Krugman's Nobel Memorial Prize in Economics", Scandinavian Journal of Economics, 111(2), pp217-250
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- ^ a b c d e f g Confessore, Nicholas (December 2002). "Comparative Advantage". The Washington Monthly. http://www.washingtonmonthly.com/features/2001/0212.confessore.html. Retrieved February 5, 2007.
- ^ New Statesman, February 16, 2004, "NS Profile - Paul Krugman"
- ^ "Fresh Dialogues interview with Alison van Diggelen, November 2009". Freshdialogues.com. 2009-12-09. http://www.freshdialogues.com/2009/12/09/paul-krugman-transcript-will-climate-legislation-kill-the-economy/. Retrieved 2011-10-04.
- ^ a b "Fresh Dialogues interview with Alison van Diggelen". Freshdialogues.com. 2009-12-09. http://www.freshdialogues.com/2009/12/09/paul-krugman-transcript-will-climate-legislation-kill-the-economy/. Retrieved 2011-10-04.
- ^ (unattributed) (11 2003). "The one-handed economist". The Economist.
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- ^ a b c Evan Thomas, Newsweek, April 6, 2009, "Obama's Nobel Headache"
- ^ Larissa MacFarquhar (March 1, 2010). "The Deflationist: How Paul Krugman found politics". The New Yorker. http://www.newyorker.com/reporting/2010/03/01/100301fa_fact_macfarquhar?currentPage=all. Retrieved October 05, 2011.
- ^ Paul Krugman (September 16, 2001). "Reckonings; Paying the Price". The Conscience of a Liberal. http://www.nytimes.com/2001/09/16/opinion/reckonings-paying-the-price.html. Retrieved October 05, 2011.
- ^ Paul Krugman (September 11, 2011). "The Years of Shame". The Conscience of a Liberal. http://krugman.blogs.nytimes.com/2011/09/11/the-years-of-shame/. Retrieved October 05, 2011.
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- ^ Krugman, Paul (December 1994). "The Myth of Asia's Miracle". Foreign Affairs (www.foreignaffairs.org). http://www.foreignaffairs.org/19941101faessay5151/paul-krugman/the-myth-of-asia-s-miracle.html. Retrieved December 26, 2008.
- ^ Van Den Berg, Hendrik; Joshua J. Lewer (2006). International Trade and Economic Growth. M.E. Sharpe. pp. 98–105. ISBN 978-0-7656-1803-0.
- ^ Krugman, Paul (September 7, 1998). "Saving Asia: It's Time To Get Radical The IMF plan not only has failed to revive Asia's troubled economies but has worsened the situation. It's now time for some painful medicine.". Fortune. http://money.cnn.com/magazines/fortune/fortune_archive/1998/09/07/247884/index.htm. Retrieved July 12, 2009.
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- ^ Krugman, Paul (March 21, 2003). "Who Lost the U.S. Budget?". The New York Times (The New York Times Company). http://www.nytimes.com/2003/03/21/opinion/21KRUG.html. Retrieved June 24, 2009. [dead link]
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- ^ a b Krugman, Paul (October 7, 2001). "Fuzzy Math Returns". The New York Times (The New York Times Company). http://www.nytimes.com/2001/10/07/opinion/07KRUG.html. Retrieved August 1, 2009. [dead link]
- ^ Krugman, Paul (August 29, 2005). "Greenspan and the Bubble". The New York Times (The New York Times Company). http://www.nytimes.com/2005/08/29/opinion/29krugman.html. Retrieved December 7, 2008.
- ^ Krugman, Paul (March 24, 2008). "Financial Crisis Should Be at Center of Election Debate". Spiegel Online (Spiegel). https://www.spiegel.de/international/0,1518,543074,00.html. Retrieved July 9, 2009.
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- ^ Lerer, Lisa (March 28, 2008). "McCain guru linked to subprime crisis". Politico. http://www.politico.com/news/stories/0308/9246.html. Retrieved June 24, 2009.
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- ^ Jeremy Warner (March 19, 2010). "Paul Krugman, the Nobel prize winner who threatens the world". London: The Daily Telegraph. http://www.telegraph.co.uk/finance/comment/jeremy-warner/7483177/Paul-Krugman-the-Nobel-prize-winner-who-threatens-the-world.html. Retrieved March 22, 2010.
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- ^ Shleifer, Andrei; Vishny, Robert; Gennaioli, Nicola (April 12, 2010). Financial Innovation and Financial Fragility. http://www.economics.harvard.edu/faculty/shleifer/files/financial_innovation_fragility.april12.pdf. Retrieved April 27, 2010.
- ^ Krugman, Paul (June 28, 2010). "The Third Depression". The New York Times. http://www.nytimes.com/2010/06/28/opinion/28krugman.html. Retrieved March 9, 2012.
- ^ Krugman, Paul (October 16, 2009). Samuel Brittan's recipe for recovery. http://krugman.blogs.nytimes.com/2009/10/16/samuel-brittans-recipe-for-recovery/.
- ^ a b Krugman, Paul. (2009-9-2). "How Did Economists Get It So Wrong?". The New York Times. Retrieved October 9, 2009.
- ^ Krugman, Paul (21 June 2011). "Mr. Keynes and the Moderns" (PDF). VOX (originally for Cambridge conference commemorating the 75th anniversary of the publication of The General Theory of Employment, Interest, and Money). http://voxeu.org/index.php?q=node/6668. Retrieved 2011-11-18.
- ^ Krugman, Paul (May 19, 2009). Actually existing Minsky. http://krugman.blogs.nytimes.com/2009/05/19/actually-existing-minsky/.
- ^ Rezende, Felipe C. (August 18, 2009). "Keynes's Relevance and Krugman's Economics". http://neweconomicperspectives.blogspot.com/2009/08/keyness-relevance-and-krugmans.html.
- ^ Conceicao, Daniel Negreiros (July 19, 2009). "Krugman's New Cross Confirms It: Job Guarantee Policies Are Needed as Macroeconomic Stabilizers". http://neweconomicperspectives.blogspot.com/2009/07/krugmans-new-cross-confirms-it-job.html.
- ^ Mitchell, Bill (July 18, 2009). "Nobel prize winner sounding a trifle modern moneyish". http://bilbo.economicoutlook.net/blog/?p=3574.
- ^ Eggertsson, Gauti B.; Krugman, Paul (February 14, 2011), Debt, Deleveraging, and the Liquidity Trap: A Fisher-Minsky-Koo Approach, http://faculty.wcas.northwestern.edu/~gep575/seminars/spring2011/EK.pdf
- ^ a b "''Ricardo's difficult idea''". Web.mit.edu. http://web.mit.edu/krugman/www/ricardo.htm. Retrieved 2011-10-04.
- ^ Glasbeek, H. J. (2002). Wealth by stealth: corporate crime, corporate law, and the perversion of democracy. Between The Lines. p. 258. ISBN 1-896357-41-5. http://books.google.com/books?id=2WiTb29T18MC&pg=PA258&dq=krugman+anti-globalization&hl=en&ei=A3-yTYGXL4-6ugOjlvyYBw&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=4&ved=0CDgQ6AEwAw#v=onepage&q=krugman%20anti-globalization&f=false. "As E.P. Thompson once noted, there are always willing experts and opinion leaders, such as Friedman and Krugman, to give a patina of legitimacy to the claims of the powerful [with their] ill-concealed cheer-leading ...."
- ^ Dev Gupta, Satya (1997). The political economy of globalization. Springer. p. 61. ISBN 0-7923-9903-X.
- ^ a b Krugman, Paul R. (1987). "Is Free Trade Passe?". The Journal of Economic Perspectives (American Economic Association) 1 (2): 131–144. http://www.jstor.org/pss/1942985.
- ^ Reckonings; A Rent Affair, by Paul Krugman, The New York Times, June 7, 2000
- ^ True Blue Americans, by Paul Krugman, The New York Times, May 7, 2002
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- ^ Jay Parini, The Guardian, March 22, 2008, Review: The Conscience of a Liberal
- ^ "Loury's Exodus: A profile of Glenn Loury", Robert S. Boynton, The New Yorker, 05-01-1995
- ^ "Glenn Loury's Round Trip: The travails and temptations of a black intellectual", Paul Krugman, Slate, 05-14-1998. At PK MIT site, Retrieved 08-19-2009
- ^ A critical analysis of the contributions of notable black economists, Kojo A. Quartey, Ashgate Publishing, September 2000 ISBN 978-1-84014-147-4
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- ^ Sparrow, Andrew (December 24, 2010). "Thirty new facts about Gordon Brown from Anthony Seldon's book". The Guardian (London). http://www.guardian.co.uk/politics/blog/2010/dec/23/gordon-brown-anthony-seldon-book.
- ^ "Gordon Does Good". October 12, 2008. Retrieved June 8, 2009.
- ^ "Gordon the Unlucky". June 7, 2009. Retrieved June 8, 2009.
- ^ Posner, Richard (2009-06-03), "The Good Paul Krugman and the Bad Paul Krugman", The Atlantic, http://www.theatlantic.com/business/archive/2009/06/the-good-paul-krugman-and-the-bad-paul-krugman/18718/, retrieved 2011-08-10
- ^ Tomasky, Michael (2007-11-22), "The Partisan", The New York Review of Books, http://www.nybooks.com/articles/archives/2007/nov/22/the-partisan/, retrieved 2011-08-10
- ^ a b Wallace-Wells, Benjamin (2011-04-24), "What’s Left of the Left", New York Magazine, http://nymag.com/news/politics/paul-krugman-2011-5/, retrieved 2011-08-10
- ^ An interview with Robert Barro - The Atlantic
- ^ Economists Rush to Disagree About Crisis Solutions - Bloomberg Businessweek
- ^ a b c d e Paul Krugman, "My Connection With Enron, One More Time", Retrieved October 27, 2008.
- ^ By David E. Sanger And Don Van Natta Jr. (2002-01-17). "White House Says Economics Adviser Saw Little Risk on Enron". Washington: Nytimes.com. http://www.nytimes.com/2002/01/17/business/17BUSH.html?pagewanted=2. Retrieved 2011-10-04.
- ^ "Enron Follies", Rich Karlgaard, Forbes magazine, 02-13-2002.
- ^ "Andrew Sullivan's selective Enron outrage", Eric Boehlert, Salon.com, January 31, 2002.
- ^ Howard Kurtz. "... And the Enron Pundits". January 30, 2002.
- ^ Paul Krugman, "The Ascent of E-Man R.I.P.: The Man In The Gray Flannel Suit". Fortune. May 24, 1999.
- ^ Paul Krugman, "Me and Enron". Retrieved March 28, 2007.
- ^ "California Screaming", op-ed column, The New York Times, 12-10-2002.
- ^ Fry, Ted (June 3, 2010). "'Get Him to the Greek': Russell Brand takes the spotlight as a rock god on the rocks". Seattle Times. http://seattletimes.nwsource.com/html/movies/2012015094_mr04get.html. Retrieved June 3, 2010.
- ^ McCarthy, Ryan (August 3, 2009). "'The Krugman Blues': Loudon Wainwright Takes On NYT Columnist In Song (VIDEO)". The Huffington Post. http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2009/07/03/the-krugman-blues-loudon_n_225410.html. Retrieved March 9, 2012.
External links[link]
| Find more about Paul Krugman on Wikipedia's sister projects: | |
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Images and media from Commons |
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Quotations from Wikiquote |
- Profile and column archive at The New York Times
- KrugmanOnline.com features books by Paul Krugman, a custom search engine, and aggregated content from the web.
- The Unofficial Paul Krugman Archive contains nearly all his pre-Times Select articles
- Paul Krugman (MIT) archives of his Slate and Fortune columns plus other writings 1996-2000
- The Increasing Returns Revolution in Trade and Geography 2008 lecture at NobelPrize.org
- Profile and Papers at Research Papers in Economics/RePEc
- Publications at the National Bureau of Economic Research
- Works by or about Paul Krugman in libraries (WorldCat catalog)
- Paul Krugman at the Internet Movie Database
- Appearances on C-SPAN
- Paul Krugman on Charlie Rose
- Video: Open Mind Interview, 2002: Part One, 2002,Part Two
- Audio: The New Class War In America featuring Amy Goodman, Paul Krugman, Greg Palast and Randi Rhodes recorded on June 13, 2006 at The New York Society for Ethical Culture, mp3 format, Video: alternate
- Video: Paul Krugman speaks at the World Affairs Council - September 2007
- Video: The Conscience of a Liberal (November 3, 2007) - lecture from Mr. Krugman's 2007 book tour.
- Video of debate/discussion with Paul Krugman and Mario Cuomo on Bloggingheads.tv
- How Paul Krugman Found Politics, Larissa MacFarquhar, The New Yorker, March 1, 2010
- Paul Krugman's video interview on Big Think
- Paul Krugman: Doctor honoris causa by three Portuguese universities – Portugal - Portuguese American Journal
- How to End This Depression Krugman in the May 24, 2012 New York Review of Books
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| Persondata | |
|---|---|
| Name | Krugman, Paul |
| Alternative names | Krugman, Paul Robin |
| Short description | American economist, columnist, author and Nobel Laureate |
| Date of birth | February 28, 1953 |
| Place of birth | Albany, New York |
| Date of death | |
| Place of death | |
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