A grilled patty

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A patty, in American and New Zealand English, is a flattened, usually disc-shaped, serving of ground meat or meat alternatives. The meat is compacted and shaped, cooked if applicable, and served. Patties can be eaten with a knife and a fork, in dishes like Salisbury steak, but are typically served in a sandwich called a hamburger, if made from ground beef. The patty itself is also called a burger, whether or not it served in a sandwich, especially in the United Kingdom and Ireland, where the term "patty" is rarely used.

Similar-shaped savoury cakes not made from ground meat may also be called "burger": "turkey burgers" or "fishburgers" may be made from reshaped mechanically separated meat. Sometimes burgers are breaded. Veggie burgers are made without animal products. In Ireland, traditional chippers often serve batter burger (a beef-based patty dipped in batter and deep fried) or spice burger (a patty made to a proprietary recipe of meats and spices).^[1] These are served in a greaseproof paper bag and eaten with the hands.

Shape[link]

With mass-produced burgers, it is not uncommon to find burgers with seemingly abnormal shapes or a bumpy perimeter. These groove-like bumps are caused by the machine that forms the patties. They are used in production to keep the burgers in line, so they will not fall off the assembly line, and can be manipulated by the various machines. In other boxed burgers small punctures can be seen in the top and bottom flat sides of the burger. These punctures are there for similar reasons.

See also[link]

• Chicken patty
• Jamaican patty
• Patty melt
• Pljeskavica

References[link]

v t e Meat Poultry and game Chicken Duck Turkey Goose Pheasant Grouse Ostrich Quail Partridge Rabbit Venison Livestock Beef and Veal Bison Dog Goat Guinea pig Horse Kangaroo Lamb and mutton Llama Pork Yak Fish and seafood Crab Crayfish Lobster Prawn Shrimp Anchovy Basa Bass Catfish Carp Cod Crappie Dolphin Eel Flounder Grouper Haddock Halibut Herring Kingfish Mackerel Mahi Mahi Marlin Milkfish Orange roughy Perch Pike Pollock Salmon Sardine Sole Swordfish Tilapia Trout Tuna Walleye Whale Cuts and preparation Bacon Barbecued Braised Burgers Chop Corned Cured Fondue Fried Haggis Ham Aged Marinated Offal Pepperoni Pickled Poached Roasted Salami Sausage Salt-cured Smoked Steak Stewed Tartare Tenderized Other Butchery Ethics Preservation Slaughter Red meat White meat

Patty Griffin
Griffin appearing at the 2010 SXSW festival
Background information
Birth name	Patricia Jean Griffin
Born	(1964-03-16) March 16, 1964 (age 48)
Origin	Old Town, Maine, United States
Genres	Folk-rock, Americana, folk, alt-country
Occupations	MusicianSinger-songwriter
Instruments	Guitar, piano
Years active	1992–present
Labels	A&M ATO Records Credential Recordings
Associated acts	Dixie Chicks, Emmylou Harris, Sweet Harmony Traveling Revue, Joshua Radin, Band of Joy
Website	Official Website

Patty Griffin, born Patricia Jean Griffin, March 16, 1964,^[1] is an American Grammy award-winning singer-songwriter and musician. She is especially known for her down-home crafting of songs and her connection to musicians including Emmylou Harris, Ellis Paul, Rory Block and the Dixie Chicks, who have played with her onstage as well as performing cover songs of Griffin's work, exposing many of her compositions to mainstream pop and country music audiences outside Griffin's folk music circle of fans. She was also recipient of the Americana Music Association's highest honor as "Artist of the Year" in 2007, as well as taking home the award for best album for Children Running Through. In 2011, Griffin won a Grammy Award for Best Traditional Gospel Album for Downtown Church.

Biography[link]

Early years[link]

Patty Griffin is from Old Town, Maine, United States, next to the Penobscot Native American reservation. She is primarily a guitarist, pianist, and vocalist, with a distinctive voice. The youngest child in her family with six older siblings, she bought a guitar for $50 at age 16, and sang and played, but had no inclination at the time to become a professional musician. After a short marriage which ended in 1992, Griffin began playing in Boston coffee houses, and was scouted by A&M Records, who signed Griffin on the strength of her demo tape; however A&M thought it to be overproduced, so Nile Rodgers and A&M instead released a stripped-down reworking of her demo tape, as an album called Living with Ghosts.^[2]

Griffin's second album, 1998's Flaming Red was a departure from the acoustic sound of Living with Ghosts, with a mix of mellow songs along with other, very high tempo rock and roll songs. The title track, "Flaming Red" is an example of this, beginning with an even beat until it increases to a fevered pitch of emotion. "Tony" from this album is also featured on the charity benefit album Live in the X Lounge.

Her third record, Silver Bell had a similar sound to its predecessor, though it was also unreleased by A&M. A&M dropped Griffin's contract after Silver Bell, but she was picked up by Dave Matthews' ATO Records. Griffin re-recorded songs from that album for later releases such as "Making Pies", "Mother of God," "Standing," and "Top of the World" and others have been most famously covered by the Dixie Chicks. Copies of the unreleased Silver Bell were leaked and bootlegged, and can now be easily acquired via the "B&P" (Blanks and Postage) method on message boards.^[3] Four albums have followed so far on ATO, including 2002's 1000 Kisses, A Kiss in Time (2003), Impossible Dream (2004), and Children Running Through(2007),

In 2004, Griffin toured with Emmylou Harris, Buddy Miller, Gillian Welch and David Rawlings as the Sweet Harmony Traveling Revue. On February 6, 2007, she released Children Running Through. The album debuted at #34 on the Billboard 200 with 27,000 copies sold.^[4] Of the album, Griffin told Gibson Lifestyle, “I just kind of felt like singing what I wanted to sing, and playing how I wanted to play. It’s not all dark and tragic. It’s a different way for me to look at things. Getting old—older, I should say, I’m not so serious all the time.”^[5] It was also said that the album was inspired by her childhood days.^[6]

Griffin's songs have been recorded by artists such as Irish-born singer Maura O'Connell ("Long Ride Home"), Linda Ronstadt ("Falling Down"), the Dixie Chicks ("Truth No. 2," "Top of the World," "Let Him Fly"), Bette Midler ("Moses"), Beth Nielsen Chapman, Christine Collister, and Dixie Chicks ("Mary"), Mary Chapin Carpenter ("Dear Old Friend"), Jessica Simpson ("Let Him Fly"), Martina McBride ("Goodbye"), Melissa Ferrick and Missy Higgins ("Moses"), Emmylou Harris ("One Big Love", "Moon Song"), Bethany Joy Galeotti ("Blue Sky"), The Wreckers ("One More Girl"), Keri Noble ("When It Don't Come Easy"), Joan Osborne ("What You Are"), Solomon Burke ("Up to the Mountain (MLK Song)"), and Miranda Lambert ("Getting Ready"). Kelly Clarkson performed "Up to the Mountain (MLK Song)" with Jeff Beck on guitar, accompanied by some orchestration on the Idol Gives Back episode of American Idol, and the live recording was released as a single immediately afterwards, reaching #56 on the Billboard Hot 100 in its first week and giving Griffin her highest charting position as a songwriter. (The audience gave Clarkson a standing ovation following her performance.) Griffin herself had said that when she heard Burke's version of the song, she almost did not feel worthy of singing it herself anymore. Griffin's version of the song was featured on the fourth season, episode 11 of the popular ABC television show, Grey's Anatomy.

Instruments[link]

1965 Gibson J-50 Guitar
1993 Gibson J-200 Junior Guitar^[7]

Recent work[link]

Griffin performing at the North Carolina Museum of Art in 2006

In September 2008, Griffin was featured on the album Simple Times by indie artist Joshua Radin, duetting on the song "You Got Growing Up to Do." In October 2008, she appeared in background vocals on Todd Snider's cover of John Fogerty's "Fortunate Son" for Snider's Peace Queer album. In February 2009, Griffin was featured on the album Feel That Fire by Dierks Bentley, duetting on the song "Beautiful World".

In 2009, Patty Griffin, along with Mavis Staples and The Tri-City Singers released a version of the song "Waiting For My Child to Come Home" on the compilation album Oh Happy Day: An All-Star Music Celebration.^[8]

The collaboration with Staples led EMI's Peter York to suggest Griffin make an album of gospel songs. Griffin agreed on the condition that friend and bandmate Buddy Miller produced the record.^[9] Griffin's sixth studio album, Downtown Church, was recorded at the Downtown Presbyterian Church in Nashville and was released on January 26, 2010.^[10] The album features long-time friends Buddy and Julie Miller, as well as Shawn Colvin and Emmylou Harris. It features songs by Hank Williams, Willie Mae "Big Mama" Thornton, and "All Creatures of Our God and King," a song accredited to St. Francis of Assisi.^[11]

In July 2010, Robert Plant toured the United States with Band of Joy (reprising the name of his very first band in the 1960s). Patty Griffin toured with them as a backing vocalist to Plant, along with singer-guitarist Buddy Miller, multi-instrumentalist and vocalist Darrell Scott, bassist-vocalist Byron House, and drummer-percussionist-vocalist Marco Giovino. She is also featured on Plant's solo album, Band of Joy, which was released in September 2010 by Rounder Records.^[12]

Film, television, and theater[link]

Griffin has appeared in several movies including Cremaster 2 and in Cameron Crowe's Elizabethtown the soundtrack of which also included her song "Long Ride Home" and a cover of "Moon River" by Johnny Mercer and Henry Mancini.

In 2007, the Atlantic Theater Company produced 10 Million Miles, an Off Broadway musical with Griffin's music as the soundtrack, and a book by Keith Bunin, directed by Michael Mayer.

Griffin's first DVD, "Patty Griffin: Live From The Artists Den" was filmed on February 6, 2007 at the Angel Orensanz Foundation For the Arts on New York’s Lower East Side and released later that year. Selections from the DVD were featured on the program Live from the Artists Den on Ovation TV beginning January 24, 2008.

In 2007, Griffin was singled out by the Americana Music Association and awarded their top honor: Artist of the Year, and her album Children Running Through also received an honor from the Association. She performed "Trapeze" with Emmylou Harris harmonizing.^[13]

On June 13, 2008 Griffin performed an acoustic in the round set in Nashville, Tennessee with Kris Kristofferson and Randy Owen (Alabama) for a special taping of a PBS songwriters series to be aired in December 2008. Each performer played five songs. In Griffin's case, it features "Making Pies," "No Bad News," "Up to the Mountain," and "Mary."

Griffin's song "Not Alone" (sometimes attributed as "You Are Not Alone"), from her first album, Living with Ghosts, was featured in the soundtrack for the hit television series, Without a Trace, in 2009. It also plays over the final scenes and end credits of the film Niagara, Niagara (1997).

Discography[link]

Studio albums[link]

Live albums[link]

Other contributions[link]

• Lilith Fair: A Celebration of Women in Music (1998) - "Cain" (recorded live during the 1997 tour)
• Live at the World Café: Vol. 15 - Handcrafted (2002, World Café) - "Rain"
• 107.1 KGSR Radio Austin - Broadcasts Vol.10 (2002) - "Rain"
• Elizabethtown Soundtrack (2005, RCA Records) - "Long Ride Home", "Moon River"
• Oh Happy Day (2009, EMI Gospel/Vector Recordings) - "Waiting For My Child To Come Home" (with Mavis Staples and The Tri-City Singers)
• Live at the World Cafe: Vol. 5 (1997, World Cafe Records) - "Every Little Bit"
• Live at the World Cafe: Vol. 16 - Sweet Sixteen (World Cafe Records) - "Makin' Pies"

Guest singles[link]

References[link]

External links[link]

Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Patty Griffin

• Official website
• Patty Griffin at Allmusic
• Patty Griffin at the Internet Off Broadway Database

This biographical article needs additional citations for verification. Please help by adding reliable sources. Contentious material about living persons that is unsourced or poorly sourced must be removed immediately, especially if potentially libelous or harmful. (December 2007)

Sandi Patty
Background information
Birth name	Sandra Faye Patty
Also known as	Sandi Patti, Sandi Patty Peslis
Born	(1956-07-12) July 12, 1956 (age 55)
Origin	Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, United States
Genres	Contemporary Christian, inspirational
Instruments	Voice
Years active	1978–present
Labels	Milk & Honey, Impact, Word, INO, Stylos
Associated acts	Bill Gaither, Larnelle Harris
Website	www.sandipatty.com

Sandra Faye "Sandi" Patty (born July 12, 1956) is an American Christian music singer. For many years she was known as Sandi Patti. She has been dubbed "The Voice" by critics because of her wide range and flexibility.^[1]

Biography[link]

Early life[link]

Patty was born in Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, into a family of musicians; her father was a minister of music and her mother served as the church pianist. She first performed at the age of two when she sang "Jesus Loves Me" for her church, Phoenix First Church of God (Anderson, Indiana). First growing up in Phoenix, then San Diego, she and her brothers joined her parents in a performing group, known as "The Ron Patty Family," and sang at churches across the nation during summer holidays. After high school graduation from Crawford High in San Diego, CA, she attended San Diego State University and Anderson University in Anderson, Indiana, where she studied voice and conducting. While studying at Anderson University, she worked as a studio musician for area recording studios, singing background vocals and recording commercial jingles, including one for Juicy Fruit gum. Her reputation as a performer and studio singer grew during the late 1970s, and it was during this time that she initiated contact with legendary Christian musician, Bill Gaither.

Singing career[link]

Patty recorded her first album, For My Friends, an independent effort, that landed in the hands of executives at Singspiration! records. In 1979, she was signed to Singspiration! and released her first professional record, Sandi's Song. According to the FAQ section on her website, the name on her birth certificate is Sandra Patty.^[2] A printer's error on the labeling listed her name as Sandi Patti, and she used this moniker as her stage name for the next fifteen years, before correcting it to Sandi Patty.

Her career expanded after she won her first two GMA Dove Awards in 1982, and began singing backup for Bill Gaither and the Bill Gaither Trio. She headlined her first national tour in 1984, and reached national acclaim after her rendition of "The Star-Spangled Banner" was included during the ABC Statue of Liberty re-dedication broadcast on July 4, 1986. This exposure led to multiple mainstream television appearances including The Tonight Show, Christmas in Washington, and Walt Disney's Fourth of July Extravaganza. She was invited to sing the national anthem at the Indianapolis 500 from 1987–1988 and 1990–1992.

At the peak of her career, her concerts were so heavily attended that she performed in often sold-out mainstream arenas and concert halls. In the late 1980s and early 1990s, she averaged over 200 concerts a year, and supported a staff of over 30 that managed her career. In 1995, she was also featured in the Warren Chaney docudrama, America: A Call to Greatness.^[3] During this period of time she was noted, often critically, as the highest-paid singer in the Christian music industry, largely due to massive touring and high-profile public appearances.

Divorce[link]

In 1992, the news of her divorce from manager John Helvering shocked the gospel music industry. The reason for the split was later revealed to be infidelity which subsequently stalled her career in the mid-1990s. During her marriage, it was later reported that Patty had an extramarital affair with her back up singer Don Pesli, who was also married at the time. Patty divorced Helvering in 1993 and married Pesli on August, 1995. ^[4]

Comeback[link]

Patty slowly rebuilt her career by expanding her musical appeal which included pop concert performances with symphony orchestras including the Atlanta Symphony Orchestra, the Cincinnati Pops, and the Dallas Symphony as well as serving for many years as the master of ceremonies for the Yuletide Celebration with the Indianapolis Symphony Orchestra.

In both interviews and in her autobiography, Broken on the Back Row, Patty expressed remorse and took full responsibility for her past actions and revealed the steps she took in seeking the forgiveness from those that her actions most affected.^[5][6]

In 2000, she had a guest singing appearance at the end of a 7th heaven episode (season four, episode 20). She appeared in the 2006 annual Macy's Thanksgiving Day Parade in New York. A televised performance of Sandi Patty's Yuletide Special was filmed for syndication in 2006, with other performers—including the Mormon Tabernacle Choir and the U.S. Air Force Reserve Band.

In 2004, Patty was inducted into the Gospel Music Hall of Fame and in 2007 was awarded the GMA Music in the Rockies Summit Award.

In May 2008, Patty released her 30th studio recording, Songs For The Journey, in which she covers classic hymns of the church and other modern gospel classics. 2008 also saw the release of five separate compilation recordings of past songs taken from previous albums.

In 2009, Patty received two GMA Dove Award nominations: Female Vocalist Of The Year, and Inspirational Album Of The Year (Songs For The Journey).

Simply Sandi, an acoustic album, is the first solo project to be released on her own record label, Stylos Records (a label with three artists—Sandi, Ben Utecht, and Heather Payne). It was released on May 5, 2009. This album includes new renditions of some of Sandi's most beloved songs including "In Heaven's Eyes", "Via Dolorosa" and "The Stage is Bare". WEA Distribution is the distributor for Stylos Records, although this album is not being released commercially.

In Fall 2009, Sandi released her first live Christmas album entitled Christmas: LIVE. The album includes live performances of her past Christmas favorites including "O Holy Night", "Someday", and a duet with her husband Don Peslis in "The Prayer".

In Fall 2010, The Edge of the Divine was released. The album featured a new version of her popular song "We Shall Behold Him", plus eight new songs with a fresh contemporary sound—one of which she performs with Heather Payne. A book of the same name was also released—with the sub-title "Where Possibility Meets God's Faithfulness."

In October, 2011, at the age of 55, Sandi released "Broadway Stories," her first non-religious album. From iTunes Review: Before Sandi Patty was a Christian music star, she developed her craft by performing stage standards and pop tunes from the Great American Songbook. Broadway Stories reaffirms her mastery of such material against gorgeous backdrops provided by the 64-piece Prague Symphony Orchestra. From the first track to the last, Patty shows an easy command of the Broadway idiom, applying her formidable pipes to material worthy of her talents.

In January, 2012, Sandi starred as Dolly Levi in the Indianapolis Symphony Orchestra's world premiere concert stage version of the Broadway musical, "Hello, Dolly!" to rave reviews.

Style and voice[link]

Sandi Patty is known for her wide vocal range, flexibility, and emotional expression. In her early recordings, she created a trademark for herself by exploiting her range to its fullest advantage, through the "power ballad" vehicle, sweeping orchestral gestures, and a series of key modulations building to a crescendo and signature high vocal ending. This style, often defined as being in the "inspirational" genre of Christian music, flourished throughout the 1980s. In later years, Patty's versatility has allowed her to expand into other styles, such as black gospel, southern gospel, classic and modern pop, and American musical theater. On her official website, she discusses her range saying "To be honest, my range has changed a bit over the years but my mom says it’s about four octaves (F below middle C to high F above double high C). Really singing high is just like screaming on pitch."

Personal Life[link]

In 2009, she and her family relocated from Anderson, IN, to Oklahoma City, OK. She and her husband, Don Peslis, have a blended family consisting of eight children.^[7]

Awards[link]

Grammys[link]

• 1984: Best Gospel Performance By A Duo Or Group for “More Than Wonderful” with Larnelle Harris
• 1986: Best Gospel Performance By A Duo Or Group, Choir Or Chorus for “I've Just Seen Jesus” with Larnelle Harris
• 1987: Best Gospel Performance By A Duo Or Group, Choir Or Chorus for “They Say” with Deniece Williams
• 1987: Best Gospel Performance, Female for “Morning Like This”
• 1991: Best Pop Gospel Album for Another Time... Another Place

GMA Dove Awards[link]

• 1982–1992: Female Vocalist of the Year
• 1982, 1984, 1985, 1987, 1988: Artist of the Year
• 1983: Inspirational Album of the Year for Lift Up the Lord
• 1984: Inspirational Album of the Year for More Than Wonderful
• 1985: Inspirational Album of the Year for Songs from the Heart
• 1987: Inspirational Album of the Year for Morning Like This
• 1988: Song of the Year for “In the Name of the Lord”
• 1989: Inspirational Album of the Year for Make His Praise Glorious
• 1989: Inspirational Song of the Year for “In Heaven’s Eyes”
• 1990: Children’s Album of the Year for The Friendship Company
• 1991: Inspirational Album of the Year for Another Time, Another Place
• 1992: Inspirational Song of the Year for “For All the World”
• 1992: Children’s Album of the Year for Open for Business; the Friendship Company
• 1992: Short Form Music Video of the Year for “Another Time, Another Place”
• 1994: Short Form Music Video of the Year for “Hand on My Shoulder”
• 1995: Inspirational Album of the Year for Find It on the Wings
• 1996: Special Event Album of the Year for My Utmost for His Highest (various artists)
• 1998: Inspirational Album of the Year for Artist of My Soul
• 1998: Special Event Album of the Year for God with Us - A Celebration of Christmas Carols & Classics (various artists)
• 1999: Long Form Music Video of the Year for My Utmost for His Highest (various artists)
• 1999: Spanish Language Album of the Year for Libertad de Mas
• 2011: Inspirational Album of the Year for The Edge of the Divine

Inducted into the Gospel Music Association Hall of Fame in 2004

Discography[link]

• 1978: Sandi Patty – For My Friends – Burlap Sound Inc (Anderson, Indiana) – catalog # BSI-0183LP
• 1979: Sandi's Song
• 1981: Love Overflowing
• 1982: Lift Up the Lord
• 1983: Live: More Than Wonderful
• 1983: The Gift Goes On (Christmas)
• 1984: Songs from the Heart
• 1985: Hymns Just for You
• 1986: Morning Like This
• 1988: Make His Praise Glorious
• 1989: The Finest Moments
• 1989: Sandi Patti and The Friendship Company
• 1990: Another Time...Another Place
• 1991: The Friendship Company: Open for Business
• 1992: Hallmark Christmas: Celebrate Christmas!
• 1993: Le Voyage
• 1994: Find It On the Wings
• 1996: O Holy Night! (Christmas)
• 1996: An American Songbook
• 1997: Artist of My Soul
• 1998: Libertad Me Das (Spanish album)
• 1999: Together: Sandi Patty & Kathy Troccoli
• 2000: These Days
• 2001: All the Best...Live!
• 2003: Take Hold of Christ
• 2004: Hymns of Faith...Songs of Inspiration
• 2005: Yuletide Joy (Christmas)
• 2007: Falling Forward
• 2008: Songs for The Journey
• 2009: Simply Sandi
• 2009: Christmas Live (Christmas)
• 2010: The Edge of the Divine
• 2011: Broadway Stories

Compilations[link]

• 1985: Inspirational Favorites
• 1992: Hallmark Christmas: Celebrate Christmas!
• 1994: Quiet Reflections
• 1996: Hallmark Christmas: It's Christmas! Sandi Patty & Peabo Bryson
• 2005: Duets
• 2006: The Voice of Christmas
• 2007: The Definitive Collection
• 2008: Gospel Greats
• 2008: Via Dolorosa: Songs of Redemption
• 2008: A Mother's Prayer: Songs that Inspire a Mother's Heart
• 2008: Quiet Hearts: Songs of Restful Peace for Women
• 2008: Let There Be Praise
• 2009: Duets 2
• 2011: The Best of Sandi Patty from the Gaither Homecoming Series

Literature[link]

• 1993: Le Voyage
• 1994: Merry Christmas, With Love
• 1999: Sam's Rainbow
• 2000: I've Just Seen Jesus
• 2006: Broken on the Back Row
• 2006: Life in the Blender: Blending Families, Lives and Relationships with Grace (Women of Faith)
• 2006: A New Day: A Guided Journal
• 2007: Falling Forward... into His Arms of Grace
• 2008: Layers^[8]
• 2010: The Edge of the Divine

External links[link]

• Official website
• Profile by the University of Mobile
• William Morris Agency profile; includes touring schedule
• Biography at mp3.com
• Sandi Patty Music Albums
• Sandi Patty Music Interviews & Album Info

References[link]

1. ^ "Review of Yuletide Joy". ChristmasReviews.com. http://www.christmasreviews.com/wsandipatty.shtml. 
2. ^ "Sandi Patty - Frequently Asked Questions". http://www.sandipatty.com/cms/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=18&Itemid=47. 
3. ^ America Movie (Musicians) [1]
4. ^ Morgan, Timothy C.. "Sandi Patty Stages Comeback". Christianity Today. http://www.ctlibrary.com/ct/1998/january12/8t156a.html. Retrieved 31 May 2012. 
5. ^ Eric Reed. "The Long Road Home". Christianity Today. http://www.christianitytoday.com/tc/2003/sepoct/5.60.html. 
6. ^ Dan Wooding. "Second Chances". CBN.com. http://www.cbn.com/entertainment/music/ANS_SandiPatty.aspx. 
7. ^ Hunsberger, Maryann B.. "The Road Home". Christianity Today International. http://www.thefish.com/music/interviews/11617883/The-Road-Home/. Retrieved 20 September 2011. 
8. ^ "Sandi Patty - Written Works". http://www.sandipatty.com/cms/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=30&Itemid=52. 

Patty Duke
Patty Duke on The Patty Duke Show, 1965.
Born	Anna Marie Duke (1946-12-14) December 14, 1946 (age 65) Elmhurst, Queens, New York, United States
Other names	Patty Duke Astin Anna Duke-Pearce
Occupation	Actress, author, mental health advocate
Years active	1956–present
Spouse	Harry Falk (m. 1965–1969) «start: (1965)–end+1: (1970)»"Marriage: Harry Falk to Patty Duke" Location: (linkback:http://en-wiki.pop.wn.com/index.php/Patty_Duke) Michael Tell (m. 1970–1970) «start: (1970)–end+1: (1971)»"Marriage: Michael Tell to Patty Duke" Location: (linkback:http://en-wiki.pop.wn.com/index.php/Patty_Duke) John Astin (m. 1972–1985) «start: (1972)–end+1: (1986)»"Marriage: John Astin to Patty Duke" Location: (linkback:http://en-wiki.pop.wn.com/index.php/Patty_Duke) Michael Pearce (m. 1986) «start: (1986)»"Marriage: Michael Pearce to Patty Duke" Location: (linkback:http://en-wiki.pop.wn.com/index.php/Patty_Duke)
Website
http://www.officialpattyduke.com/

Anna Marie "Patty" Duke (born December 14, 1946) is an American actress of stage, film, and television. First becoming famous as a child star, winning an Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress at age 16, and later starring in her eponymous sitcom for three years, she progressed to more mature roles upon playing Neely O'Hara in the 1967 film Valley of the Dolls. She was later elected president of the Screen Actors Guild from 1985 to 1988.

Duke was diagnosed with bipolar disorder in 1982; since then she has devoted much of her time to advocating and educating the public on mental health issues.

In 1996, Patty Duke was ranked #40 on TV Guide's 50 Greatest TV Stars of All Time.^[1]

Early life[link]

Duke was born in Elmhurst, Queens, New York, the daughter of Frances (née McMahon), a cashier, and John Patrick Duke, a handyman and cab driver.^[2][3] Her father was Irish American and her maternal grandmother was German.^[3]

Duke and her older brother Raymond experienced a childhood of hard times. Her father was an alcoholic, and her mother suffered from clinical depression and was prone to violence. When Duke was 6, her mother threw her father out; when she was 8, her mother turned Duke's care over to John and Ethel Ross, who became her managers. The Rosses recognized her talent and promoted her as a child actress.^[4]

The Rosses' methods were often unscrupulous and exploitive; they consistently billed Duke as two years younger than she was, and padded her resume with some false credits.^[5] It was Ethel Ross who gave the sweeping name-change order, "Anna Marie is dead, you are Patty now," hoping the change in her first name would allow her to duplicate the success of child actress Patty McCormack.^[6] This act would have painful repercussions for Duke in the decades to come.^[6]

Career[link]

Acting[link]

1950s - 1990s[link]

Duke in 1959.

One of Duke's first acting jobs was on the soap opera The Brighter Day, in the late 1950s. She also appeared in print ads and in television commercials. At the age of twelve, Duke appeared on The $64,000 Question and won $32,000. Three years later, it was revealed that the game show was rigged and she was called to testify before a congressional panel.^[7]

Duke's first major starring role was playing Helen Keller (with Anne Bancroft as Annie Sullivan) in the Broadway play The Miracle Worker, which ran for nearly two years (October, 1959 – July, 1961). Midway through the production-run, her name was placed above the title on the marquee. The play was subsequently made into a 1962 film, for which Duke received the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress. At 16, Duke was the youngest person at that time to receive an Academy Award in a competitive category.

In 1961, Duke returned to television in her teenage years, starring with Laurence Olivier and George C. Scott in a television production of The Power and the Glory.

Two years later, in 1963, Duke was given her own series titled The Patty Duke Show, in which she played both main characters: Patty Lane, an American teenager occasionally getting into minor trouble in school and at home, and her 'prim and proper' "identical cousin" from Scotland, Cathy Lane. The show featured co-stars William Schallert as Patty Lane's father, Jean Byron as her mother, Paul O'Keefe as her brother and Eddie Applegate as her boyfriend, Richard, as well as featuring such high-profile guest stars as Sammy Davis, Jr., Peter Lawford, Paul Lynde, and Sal Mineo. The series lasted for three seasons and earned Duke an Emmy Award nomination.

Duke with musician Jeremy Clyde on The Patty Duke Show.

Despite the success of her career, Duke was deeply unhappy during her teenage years. Efforts were taken by the Rosses to portray her as a normal teenager, but Duke later indicated in her memoirs that she was their virtual prisoner and had little control over her own life and earnings. The Rosses kept control over Duke and her mother by allowing them only a small amount of money to survive on. The Rosses also began providing Duke with alcohol and prescription drugs when she was 13, which, along with her undiagnosed bipolar disorder, contributed to substance abuse problems she experienced throughout her young adult life. As an adult, Duke accused both John and Ethel Ross of sexual abuse. Upon turning 18, Duke legally became free of the Rosses, only to find that they had squandered most of her earnings.

In 1967, with The Patty Duke Show cancelled, Duke attempted to leave her childhood success behind and begin her adult acting career by playing Neely O'Hara in Valley of the Dolls. The film was a box office success, but audiences and critics had a difficult time accepting all-American-teenager Duke as an alcoholic, drug-addicted singing star. While the film has since become a camp classic—thanks in large part to Duke's over-the-top performance^{[3][page needed]}--it almost ruined her career at the time.

Duke starred in Me, Natalie, a 1969 film in which she played an "ugly duckling" Brooklyn teenager struggling to make a life for herself in the Bohemian world in Greenwich Village. One of her co-stars was a young actor making his screen debut, Al Pacino. The film was a failure at the box office, but Duke won the Golden Globe for Best Actress (Musical or Comedy) for the role.

Duke returned to television in 1970, starring in a made-for-TV movie, My Sweet Charlie. Her sensitive portrayal of a pregnant teenager on the run won Duke her first Emmy Award, but her acceptance speech was rambling, angry, and disjointed, and led many in the industry to believe she was using drugs. In fact, Duke was in the throes of a manic phase as part of her then-undiagnosed bipolar disorder, which would remain undiagnosed until 1982.^[3]

Duke worked primarily in television from the mid-1970s to the early 2000s. She received her second Emmy for the TV miniseries Captains and the Kings in 1977, and her third in 1980 for a TV version of her 1979 stage revival of The Miracle Worker, this time playing Annie Sullivan to Melissa Gilbert's Helen Keller. Her turns in the made-for-TV movies The Women's Room (1980) and George Washington (1984) both garnered her Emmy nominations.

In 1982, Duke was cast alongside Richard Crenna in the ABC sitcom It Takes Two, from Soap and Benson creator Susan Harris. The socially topical series depicted Duke and Crenna's characters as a modern career couple (she a lawyer, he a surgeon) and the moral and personal challenges that abounded from their professions. Helen Hunt and Anthony Edwards played their teenaged children. Although It Takes Two was praised, ABC canceled the series after one season due to low ratings.

Duke would subsequently work with Susan Harris on a new ABC series, Hail to the Chief, which premiered in April 1985. She played the first female President of the United States in the ensemble, all-star series (the cast featured Dick Shawn, Herschel Bernardi, Glynn Turman and Ted Bessell as Duke's husband, among others), and the material was topical yet off-the-wall, much in the fashion of Soap. Hail to the Chief was even less successful than the star and producer's previous effort of It Takes Two, and was canceled after seven episodes. In 1987, Duke returned to series television in another short-lived comedy, Karen's Song, which aired on the fledgling Fox network.

While between series in 1986, Duke starred in the made-for-TV movie A Time to Triumph, the true story of Concetta Hassan, a middle-aged woman struggling to support her family after her construction worker husband suffers an on-the-job injury, eventually becoming a United States Army helicopter pilot. On-set, Duke became good friends with Army drill sergeant Michael Pearce, who was a technical advisor for the production; the couple married on March 15, 1986.

Duke became the second woman (actress Kathleen Nolan was the first) to be elected as President of the Screen Actors Guild in 1985, and would hold the post until 1988.

In 1990, Duke's autobiography, Call Me Anna, was adapted for television; she played herself from her mid-30s onward.

Though Duke's primary medium from the late-70s to the mid-2000s was television, she continued to take small roles in movies. Her 1982 portrayal of a lesbian fashion designer in the Canadian film By Design garnered her a Genie Award nomination for Best Foreign Actress. Duke would later portray the mother of Meg Ryan's character in the 1992 film adaptation of the play Prelude to a Kiss. Her appearances in 3 episodes of Touched by an Angel resulted in a nomination in 1999 for an Emmy Award.

2000s[link]

Duke gradually reduced her work schedule throughout the first decade of 2000, but took occasional TV and film roles. She returned to the New York stage in 2002, playing Aunt Eller in a revival of Oklahoma!. She returned to New York in 2005, but not for any role; she instead attended a memorial for Anne Bancroft, who had died from uterine cancer.

On November 2, 2004, Duke announced that she would undergo single cardiac bypass surgery in Idaho. The surgery was successful.

On October 4, 2007, Duke appeared on The Oprah Winfrey Show, talking about her bipolar disorder to a guest, advising the guest to seek out a support group.

In early 2009, Duke reprised her role(s) as Patty Lane and Cathy Lane in PSAs about retiring for The Social Security Administration.^[8][9]

On March 24, 2009, she replaced Carol Kane as Madame Morrible in the San Francisco production of the musical Wicked. She left the production on February 7, 2010.

On July 20, 2009, Duke was given a tribute in her honor at The Castro Theatre in San Francisco titled "Sparkle, Patty, Sparkle!" During the evening, Duke met and posed for pictures with over one thousand fans and was interviewed on stage by comic Bruce Vilanch. In addition to showing clips from her long career, Duke's 1967 film Valley of the Dolls was screened at the end of the evening. The event sold out the 1400 seat theater.

In 2010, Duke recorded a series of PSAs for the Social Security Administration to help promote applying online for Medicare, including one with George Takei.

In May 2011, Duke directed the stage version of The Miracle Worker at Interplayers Theatre in Spokane, Washington.^[10]

In June 2011, TVLine announced Duke will be joining the cast in Lifetime’s drama The Protector playing the role of Beverly, the mother of Ally Walker’s titular homicide detective. The series was cancelled not long after this announcement was made.

She played the mother of a murdered deep-sea diver on the Oct. 10, 2011, episode of Hawaii Five-0.

Singing[link]

Duke had a successful singing career, including two Top 40 hits in 1965, "Don't Just Stand There" (#8) and "Say Something Funny" (#22).^[11] Another recording was "Dona Dona" in 1968, which she performed as the second song on The Ed Sullivan Show. Also during 1968, she had appeared on The Tonight Show Starring Johnny Carson, and after George Jessel's comic appearance, she was introduced and sang an old Irish song, "Danny Boy". She also sang songs on such shows as Shindig!, Kraft Music Hall, The Mike Douglas Show, and The Merv Griffin Show. She sang in the 1965 feature film Billie and sang on the soundtrack of the 1966 feature film, The Daydreamer, in which she voiced the character of Thumbelina. She has recorded a string of six LP's in her musical career.

Mental health advocacy[link]

In 1987, Duke revealed in her autobiography that she was diagnosed with manic depression (now called bipolar disorder) in 1982. Her treatment, which included lithium as a medication and therapy, stabilized Duke's life and put her on the road to recovery. She became the first celebrity to go public with her bipolar disorder diagnosis, and has contributed to de-stigmatizing bipolar disorder. Duke has since become an activist for numerous mental health causes. She has lobbied the United States Congress and joined forces with the National Institute of Mental Health and National Alliance for the Mentally Ill in order to increase awareness, funding, and research for people with mental illness.^[3]

Patty Duke's character in the 2011 series The Protector is shown struggling with accepting her bipolar disorder, mimicking her real life condition.

Public service announcements[link]

As of early 2011, Duke appears in PSAs promoting the Social Security Website. In several, she appears as Patty & Cathy using split-screen effects. In others, she appears with George Takei wearing a Star Trek-like costume.^[12]

Other achievements[link]

Duke is the author of two books: Her autobiography, Call Me Anna (ISBN 0-553-27205-5), and Brilliant Madness: Living with Manic Depressive Illness (ISBN 0-553-56072-7).

On August 17, 2004, Duke received a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame for her contribution to the motion picture industry.

In December 2007, Duke was awarded an honorary Doctorate from the University of North Florida for her work in advancing awareness of mental health issues.^[13]

On March 6, 2010, Duke was awarded the honorary Doctor of Humane Letters from the University of Maryland Eastern Shore.^{[citation needed]}

Personal life[link]

In 1965, Duke married her first husband, director Harry Falk, who was 13 years her senior. During their marriage, she was constantly having mood swings, a symptom of bipolar disorder, and like many bipolar sufferers, she self-medicated; she drank heavily, became anorexic, and overdosed on pills a number of times.^[4] The couple separated in 1969 and were divorced on March 3, 1970.

In early 1970, at the age of 23, Duke had an affair with 17-year old Desi Arnaz, Jr..^[4] The couple's relationship became tabloid fodder, due in part to the vocal and public opposition of Arnaz's mother, Lucille Ball. By late spring, Duke and Arnaz had broken off their relationship, and she began dating actor John Astin, who was 16 years her senior. Around the same time, Duke developed an intimate relationship with rock promoter Michael Tell. In June 1970, in the midst of a manic phase, Duke learned she was pregnant. Unsure whether Arnaz^{[3][page needed]} or Astin^[4] was the father of her unborn child, Duke married Michael Tell on June 26, 1970 in order to "give (her child) a name". Their marriage lasted 13 days before ending in an annulment on July 9, 1970;^[4] Duke claimed the marriage was never consummated.^{[3][page needed]} Her son, actor Sean Astin, was born on February 25, 1971. Though Duke said in her 1987 autobiography that John Astin was Sean's biological father, she later stated that she had always believed that Desi Arnaz, Jr. was Sean's actual biological father.^{[3][page needed]} It turned out that neither statement was correct; in 1994, Sean Astin underwent biological testing to determine his paternity, and the results showed that Astin's father is actually Michael Tell.^[14][15]

Duke and John Astin were married in August 1972. Astin adopted Sean, and the couple had another son, actor Mackenzie, in 1973. Duke and Astin worked together extensively during their marriage, and she took his name professionally, becoming "Patty Duke Astin". The couple divorced in 1985.

Duke married her fourth husband, drill sergeant Michael Pearce, in 1986. The couple moved to Hayden, Idaho, and adopted a son, Kevin, who was born in 1988. Pearce became a firefighter. Since her marriage to Pearce, Duke occasionally uses the name "Anna Duke-Pearce" in her writings and other professional work.

Duke has three granddaughters by her son Sean: Actress Alexandra Astin (who played Elanor Gamgee in The Lord of the Rings: The Return of the King, opposite her father, who played Samwise Gamgee), Elizabeth Astin, and Isabella Astin.

Filmography[link]

Discography[link]

Numbers indicate Billboard chart peak positions

Albums

• Don't Just Stand There (#90) – United Artists UAL 3452 (Mono)/UAS 6452 (Stereo) – 9/65
• Patty – United Artists UAL 3492/UAS 6492 – 1966
• Patty Duke's Greatest Hits – United Artists UAL 3535/UAS 6535 – 1966
• TV's Teen Star – Unart M 20005 (Mono)/S 21005 (Stereo) – 1967
• Songs from Valley of The Dolls and Other Selections – United Artists UAL 3623/UAS 6623 – 1967
• Sings Folk Songs – United Artists – Unreleased – 1968^[16]

Singles

• Don't Just Stand There (#8) / Everything But Love – United Artists 875 – 6/65
• Say Something Funny (#22) / Funny Little Butterflies (#77) – United Artists 915 – 9/65
• Whenever She Holds You (#64) / Nothing But Me – United Artists 978 – 2/66
• Little Things Mean A Lot / The World Is Watching Us – United Artists 50034 – 1966
• The Wall Came Tumbling Down / What Makes You Special – United Artists 50057 – 1966
• Why Don't They Understand / Danke Schoen – United Artists 50073 – 1966
• Come Live With Me / My Own Little Place – United Artists 50216 – 1967
• Dona, Dona / And We Were Strangers – United Artists 50299 – 1968

References[link]

External links[link]

Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Patty Duke

• Official website
• Patty Duke at the Internet Broadway Database
• Patty Duke at the Internet Movie Database
• Patty Duke at AllRovi
• Patty Duke at Yahoo! Movies
• Patty Duke at Allmusic
• When Young Stars Burn Out MSN Movies
• Celebrity Spokesperson Patty Duke Says "Retire Online, It’s So Easy!" (Social Security Public Service Announcements)