Hari (Sanskrit: हरि) is an Avatar, another name of Viṣṇu and Krishna, and appears as the 650th^[1] name in the Vishnu sahasranama of Mahabharata. In Sanskrit "hari" sometimes refers to a colour, green, yellow, or fawn-coloured/khaki. It is the colour of the Sun and of Soma. The word Hari is widely used in Dharmic literature covering Hindu, Buddhist, Jain and Sikh religions.

Some other related meaning of Hari

1. bearing (adj.) 2. bay 3. tawny 4. an exclamation 4. people 5. sun 6. Lion 7. horse 8. monkey 9. steed

Religious usage[link]

• The word Hari is a particular class of gods under manu tamasa.
• The Harivamsha ("lineage of Hari") is a text in both the Puranic and Itihasa traditions.
• Vaishnavites believe that God (conceived as Vishnu) has form and is without form. Swami Tapasyananda, in his book, Bhakti Schools of Vedanta, reminds readers that Vishnu pervades everything and is not anthropomorphic. Vishnu has no particular material form but can manifest in any form, and is a center of all force, power, will, auspiciousness, goodness, beauty, grace, responsiveness, etc. As Swami Tapasyananda said, "Vishnu is the Indwelling Spirit in all beings and the whole cosmos constitute His body."
• In the Gaudiya Vaishnava tradition, Hari is a name of both Krishna or Vishnu meaning "he who steals, or takes away", referring to how Krishna takes away all distress and anxieties, and lovingly robs the heart of His devotee. During religious festivals it is a common occurrence to hear people call out Haribol ! Haribol ! meaning "please call out the name Hari", the Hare Krishna mantra contains the name in the vocative.
• According to Adi Sankara's commentary on the Vishnu sahasranama, Hari means "One who destroys samsara", which is the entanglement in the cycle of birth and death, along with ignorance, its cause.
• In the Ravidasi religion it is the holy symbol consisting of the three Gurmukhi letters with the character for "i" being made into a flame. It adorns all Ravidasi temples, known as Gurdehras. In Ravidassia Dharam it is used as "हरि" "ਹਰਿ".
• It is a name of God in Hindu.

Influences[link]

The Avestan cognate is zari, sometimes incorrectly identified as the first part of the name of Zarathustra. The English words "gold" and "yellow" are probably also both cognates of hari. They all derive from the hypothetical Proto-Indo-European root *ghel-, meaning "to shine". Many words in other unrelated languages in Asia are also derived from the word due to the influence of Sanskrit as a language of learning in the region. For example, the word for "daylight" in Indonesian, the word for "day" in Malay and the word for "king" in Tagalog are "hari". It is also a commonly used name in many Indian languages.

See also[link]

• Gauranga
• Hari Nama Keerthanam
• Hari Tuma Haro
• Harikatha
• Hara, a name for Shiva

References[link]

Cited from Sri Vishnu Sahasranama, commentary by Sri Sankaracharya, translated by Swami Tapasyananda ((Ramakrishna Math Publications, Chennai))

External links[link]

• Online Vedic Encyclopedia
• Krishna.com All about Krishna.

Badr Hari بدر هاري
Born	(1984-12-08) December 8, 1984 (age 27) Amsterdam, Netherlands
Other names	The Golden Boy The Bad Boy The Cobra
Nationality	Dutch Moroccan
Height	1.97 m (6 ft 5 1⁄2 in)
Weight	106 kg (234 lb; 16 st 10 lb)
Division	Super Heavyweight
Style	Muay Thai
Team	Mike's Gym (2005-present) Chakuriki Gym (2000-2005) Sitan Gym
Trainer	Mike Passenier Thom Harinck Naazim Richardson
Years active	2000-present (Kickboxing)[1]
Kickboxing record
Total	101
Wins	90
By knockout	78
Losses	11
By knockout	7
Mixed martial arts record
Total	1
Wins	0
Losses	1
By submission	1
Other information
Mixed martial arts record from Sherdog
last updated on: January 28, 2012

Badr Hari^[2] born December 8, 1984^[3] in Amsterdam, Netherlands is a Moroccan-Dutch ^[4] super heavyweight kickboxer from the Netherlands, fighting out of Mike's Gym in Amsterdam. He is a former K-1 Heavyweight champion (2007—2008)^[5] and K-1 World Grand Prix 2009 finalist.^[6] As of May 2011, Hari is ranked the #2 heavyweight in the world by LiverKick.com.^[7] Hari has been a prominent figure in the world of kickboxing and considered one of the best kickboxers in the world,^[8] however he has been involved in a number of controversies relating to his "unsportsmanlike conducts" in the sport and alleged crimes of violence outside of the ring.^[9]

He was disqualified in the final match of the K-1 World GP 2008 Finals due to "unsportsmanlike conduct" against Remy Bonjasky.^[10] In May 2009 he knocked out Semmy Schilt in the first round and became the first ever It's Showtime World Heavyweight champion.^[11] However he lost this title when he was again disqualified after another unsportsmanlike conduct against Hesdy Gerges at the It's Showtime 2010 Amsterdam.^[12] Aside from the sport, he has been arrested multiple times since 2006 on various assault charges against others.^[13]

Hari has been officially praised by the king of Morocco, Mohammed VI, since 2009 for his outstanding accomplishments in the sport.^[14]

In late 2011, Hari announced he would leave kickboxing as of 2012, to pursue a career in boxing.^{[citation needed]} His farewell match was on January 28, 2012 against Gokhan Saki, whom he knocked out in the first round.^{[citation needed]} Hari will move to Philadelphia to train with Naazim Richardson, and is anticipated to become a contestant for the heavy weight world champion title.^{[citation needed]}

Early life[link]

Born in Amsterdam, Badr Hari began practicing kickboxing at the age of seven, under the guidance of former World Champion Mousid Akamrane. As a teenager he trained at the Sitan Gym. When the Sitan Gym moved to Rotterdam, he joined the famous Chakuriki Gym ran by Thom Harinck.^[15] Under Harinck, Hari developed into one of the greatest kickboxing talents of the Netherlands. Badr Hari was fighting under the Dutch flag till he lost his match against Stefan Leko in 2005. It was the first time his parents attented one of his fights and he asked for the microphone to say some words to the Dutch audience. Hari couldn't be understood as the audience proceeded to boo him, after which Hari was quoted saying "I thought to myself, I have never witnessed such ungratefulness". From that day Hari decided to represent Morocco and stopped working with Tom Harinck. Mike Passenier became his new coach.^[16]

Kickboxing career[link]

Early career[link]

Under Harinck's coaching, Hari suffered few losses. In 2003 he replaced Melvin Manhoef with only a few days notice, to fight Alexey Ignashov. Hari, outweighed by more than 18 kg, lost the fight by knockout (body punch), but gained a lot of respect for stepping up to such an opponent under those circumstances.

In January 2005, Hari left the Chakuriki Gym and joined Simon Rutz's It's Showtime team. After a few months' training at the Mejiro Gym he returned to Harinck's, but left again a couple of weeks later. Since then he has been coached by Mike Passenier, who has also trained Joerie Mes, Bjorn Bregy and Melvin Manhoef.

Road to K-1[link]

Hari's road to fame began with a pair of matches against Stefan Leko in 2005. The first took place at the It's Showtime 2005 event in June 2005. Hari, who was generally known for his big mouth and slow ring entrance started some trash talk between them before the fight, making the hype even greater. Hari's long ring entrance took longer than the actual fight, where Hari was knocked out by Leko's trademark spinning back kick.

Hari got his chance for revenge in November 2005 when he entered the K-1 World Grand Prix 2005 tournament as a reserve fighter against Leko, making his K-1 World GP debut at the age of 20.^[17] Hari knocked Leko out by a spinning back high kick to the jaw at 1:30 in the second round.^[18] After all the bad blood between both fighters, Hari helped his opponent up and escorted the dazed German to the corner.

[edit] K-1 New Zealand 2006

In 2006 Badr Hari was scheduled to participate in the K-1 World Grand Prix 2006 in Amsterdam on May 13, 2006, but fought in the K-1 World Grand Prix 2006 in Auckland, in New Zealand, instead as a last minute replacement. His opponent in the first round was Australian Peter "The Chief" Graham. Hari once again showed his bad boy reputation by abusing Graham and starting a street fight at the press conference. In the actual fight Hari was knocked out by Graham's trademark "Rolling Thunder". The heel hit Hari hard on the head and knocked him out cold. Graham's kick broke Hari's jaw in multiple places and sidelined Hari for several months.^[19]

Return to K-1[link]

Hari returned to the ring at the K-1 World Grand Prix 2006 Final Elimination in Osaka, Japan against Ruslan Karaev. Karaev hurt Badr with a straight right that left Hari slouching over in the corner, then Karaev delivered a kick to Hari's face; Hari was counted out by the referee but immediately he and his corner protested, claiming the kick was a foul. When the referee did not respond, Hari and his cornermen caused a commotion and refused to leave the ring until they were escorted out by K-1 officials. Hari left in anger and trashed his changing room. Six months later, Hari was awarded a rematch against the Russian. After being knocked down by Karaev in the second round, Hari stood back up, slipped a punch and delivered a KO blow with a straight right to Karaev.^[20]

Despite being knocked out, Hari was once again picked as a reserve fighter in the K-1 Grand Prix 2006 Finals against Paul Slowinski. He won the fight by unanimous decision.^[21] Hari then fought the Danish Nicholas Pettas at the K-1 Premium 2006 Dynamite!! extravaganza and broke Pettas's left shoulder in the second round with a right high kick.^[22]

Hari got his revenge against Karaev at the K-1 World GP 2007 in Yokohama. Karaev and Hari's matchup was one of two bouts to qualify for the first K-1 Heavyweight Title Match, scheduled on April 28, 2007 in Hawaii. Hari was knocked down in the second round and was just able to make it to his feet when Karaev intended to finish the fight with a swinging punch which Hari ducked, and landed a right cross to score a KO.^[23]

K-1 Heavyweight champion[link]

On April 28, at K-1 World GP 2007 in Hawaii, Badr Hari and Yusuke Fujimoto fought for the newly introduced Heavyweight belt. Hari won the fight in 56 seconds with a kick to the chin. With the knockout Hari became the world's first ever K-1 Heavyweight champion.^[24]

Hari got his chance for revenge against Peter Graham, whose turning kick broke his jaw in 2006, in Hong Kong at the K-1 World Grand Prix 2007 in Hong Kong.^[25] He dropped Graham with a body punch and won by unanimous decision. After the bout, Hari and Graham seemed to bury the hatchet, hugging each other, although the two started taunting each other again at the post-fight press conference.^[26]

In September 2007 at the K-1 World GP 2007 Final Elimination, Badr Hari beat the K-1 World GP 2007 in Las Vegas tournament champion, Doug Viney, by a second round KO and qualified for his first K-1 World GP Final, held on December 8 in Yokohama, Japan.^[27] His winning streak came to an end with a decision loss to Remy Bonjasky, during quarter final.

2008[link]

[edit] K-1 World GP 2008

All of Hari's wins in 2008 were by knockouts, by beating Ray Sefo in Yokohama, Glaube Feitosa (whom he defended his heavyweight title) in Fukuoka and Domagoj Ostojic in Hawaii. On his next fight in Seoul he qualified for the K-1 World GP 2008 Final by TKO win over the Korean giant Hong Man Choi.

Hari facing Remy Bonjasky in the K-1 World GP 2008 Final

In the quarterfinals on December 6, Hari defeated three time K-1 World champion Peter Aerts by TKO in the second round. In the semis he knocked out Errol Zimmerman and headed to his first K-1 Final against Remy Bonjasky. After suffering a knockdown in the first, Hari was disqualified in the second round for unsportsmanlike conduct by stomping and punching an already downed Bonjasky. First the referee Nobuaki Kakuda issued a yellow card and one point deduction. Meanwhile Hari proceeded to Bonjasky’s corner shouting, and quarreled with his opponent's trainer Ivan Hippolyte who then also approached Hari aggressively, but the officials prevented any further physical contact between them.^[28] After the five-minute recovery time elapsed, the doctor reported Bonjasky was seeing double and could not continue. Hari was issued a red card and Bonjasky was declared the K-1 World GP 2008 champion.^[10]

In later interviews Hari claimed Bonjasky was acting, and that "Remy's corner was screaming at him to stay down".^[29] At a press conference before the K-1 World Grand Prix 2009 in Yokohama, where Alistair Overeem attended along with Bonjasky, Overeem handed Bonjasky a statue which looked exactly like the statue of Oscar, implying Bonjasky was acting.^[30]

Although numerous Japanese media sources assumed that K-1 would suspend Hari indefinitely,^[31] he was not suspended,^[32] but he received the most severe punishment ever in the history of K-1.^[33] K-1 stripped him of his heavyweight title, his runner-up title in the tournament, his prize money from the tournament and the full amount of his fee for participation in the tournament.^[34]

[edit] Dynamite!! 2008

While there were many rumours of his and his opponent's participation, it was finally announced that Hari would face MMA Heavyweight Alistair Overeem in a K-1 rules match on K-1's New Year's Eve extravaganza Dynamite!! 2008.^[35] Hari lost the fight by a left hook KO at 2:02 in the first round.^[36] After the match, Hari commented that this would be the last time he would participate in the Dynamite!! series, and that he would stick to stand-up fighting so he would never have an MMA rules match with Overeem.^[36]

2009[link]

In May 2009 at the It's Showtime 2009 Amsterdam, Hari fought Semmy Schilt in a long-awaited bout for the newly introduced It's Showtime World Heavyweight title. Hari came out very aggressively and knocked Schilt down twice in the first round. The fight was stopped after the second knockdown and Hari took the heavyweight title in 45 seconds.^[11] Simon Rutz, the president of It's Showtime, has referred to this as one of his favorite bouts in the history of It's Showtime.^[37]

In September 2009 at the K-1 World Grand Prix 2009 Final 16, Hari again used his trademark right body shot to score a first round knockout over Zabit Samedov.^[38]

At the selection for the K-1 World Grand Prix 2009 Final Hari chose to fight Ruslan Karaev for the third time. He ran through the tournament with first round knockouts over Karaev and Alistair Overeem in a rematch, to make it to the World Grand Prix Final for the second year against Semmy Schilt. In their rematch Hari lost by KO after being knocked down 3 times in the first round.

2010[link]

His first fight in 2010 was at the It's Showtime 2010 Prague in the Czech Republic, where Hari defended his Showtime heavyweight title with a second round knockout over Mourad Bouzidi.^[39] In April Hari defeated Alexey Ignashov in the K-1 World Grand Prix 2010 in Yokohama.^[40] The fight went to decision, Hari's first non-knockout win in 3 years.

[edit] It's Showtime 2010 Amsterdam

Hari's Showtime title was again on the line against his former Chakuriki fellow Hesdy Gerges in Amsterdam in May. Before the match, he claimed in a press interview that his opponent at the event was originally planned to be Remy Bonjasky but Bonjasky refused to fight Hari, stating Bonjasky was afraid to lose.^[41]

Hari in 2007

The It's Showtime 2010 Amsterdam event took place at the Amsterdam Arena in May 2010.^[42] Hari dominated most of the first round, hitting Gerges many times and having him on the ropes. Hesdy surprised everyone on the night for taking the punishment. In the second round Gerges came forward, Hari counter-attacked forcefully and Gerges fell, when Gerges was standing up Badr Hari kicked him in the face. Badr was again disqualified and did not speak in the ring after Gerges was announced the winner. Instead, training partner Melvin Manhoef apologized to the fans on Badr's behalf but was booed by the crowd because of Badr's unsportsmanship Gerges became the new "Its Showtime" Heavyweight champion.^[43]

2011[link]

After the Gerges fight, Hari took a year off from kickboxing.^[44] He stated that it was his own choice.^[45] He made his return to the ring at It's Showtime 2011 Lyon against French Kickboxer, Gregory Tony. Rather than using the catwalks for his entrance he decided to walk through his adoring fans, to where the fight was actually delayed because he was unable to get to the ring without security holding his fans away. What was expected to be a great warm up fight for Hari, turned out to be one-sided as Hari, with ease, won by TKO in round one with 3 quick knockdowns.

Though the biggest interest was for Badr to rematch Hesdy Gerges for the Showtime heavyweight title it was announced that he would fight Romanian Daniel Ghita in September. Ghita has been ranked as one of the best 5 kickboxers in the world and lost a decision against Gerges earlier in the year, but many feel he was robbed and is viewed as a tough opponent for Hari.^[44]

The fight never materialised, however, and he instead announced that he would retire from kickboxing and transition to boxing. He stated that he will compete in the 2011 K-1 World Grand Prix in October and December, and then face Gökhan Saki in the Netherlands on January 28, 2012 as his final match.^[46] The K-1 World Grand Prix was cancelled, however, due to financial difficulties.

2012[link]

Hari faced Gökhan Saki at It's Showtime 2012 in Leeuwarden on January 28, 2012 in his latest kickboxing match. He defeated Saki by scoring three knockdowns in the first round before the referee stopped the fight, which earned him a TKO victory. He dropped Saki for the first time with a right uppercut. The second knockdown came from a right hook. Finally, he landed a right uppercut which dropped Saki and ended the fight.

In April 2012 the new organization K-1 Global Limited President, Mr. Mike Kim, announced that Hari will make his comeback in K1. Hari's first fight will take place on May 27 in Madrid, Spain. If he wins, he will also participate in the final qualifications in October in Asia and the K-1 World Grand Prix Final in New York in December. ^[47][48]

Titles[link]

• 2009 K-1 World Grand Prix runner up
• 2009-2010 It's Showtime Heavyweight world champion +95 kg (1st title defence)
• 2008 K-1 World Grand Prix runner up (Disqualification-Illegal kick)
• 2007-2008 K-1 Heavyweight champion -100 kg (1st title defence)
• 2002 WPKL Dutch Muay Thai champion

Kickboxing record[link]

Kickboxing record
90 Wins (78 (T)KO's, 12 decisions), 11 Losses Date Result Opponent Event Location Method Round Time 2012-05-27 Win Anderson Silva K-1 World MAX 2012 World Championship Tournament Final 16, Super Fight Madrid, Spain Decision (Unanimous) 3 3:00 2012-01-28 Win Gökhan Saki It's Showtime 2012 in Leeuwarden Leeuwarden, Netherlands TKO (Referee Stoppage) 1 2:44 2011-05-14 Win Gregory Tony It's Showtime 2011 Lyon Lyon, France TKO (Ref Stop/3 Knockdowns) 1 2:43 2010-05-29 Loss Hesdy Gerges It's Showtime 2010 Amsterdam Amsterdam, Netherlands DQ (Kicked downed opponent) 2 0:48 Lost his It's Showtime World Heavyweight title. 2010-04-03 Win Alexey Ignashov K-1 World Grand Prix 2010 in Yokohama Yokohama, Japan Decision (Unanimous) 3 3:00 2010-02-13 Win Mourad Bouzidi It's Showtime 2010 Prague Prague, Czech Republic KO (Right uppercut) 2 2:55 Defends his It's Showtime World Heavyweight title. 2009-12-05 Loss Semmy Schilt K-1 World Grand Prix 2009 Final Yokohama, Japan TKO (Ref Stop/3 knockdowna 1 1:48 Fight was for K-1 World Grand Prix 2009 title. 2009-12-05 Win Alistair Overeem K-1 World Grand Prix 2009 Final Yokohama, Japan TKO (Referee Stoppage) 1 2:14 2009-12-05 Win Ruslan Karaev K-1 World Grand Prix 2009 Final Yokohama, Japan KO (Right hook) 1 0:38 2009-09-26 Win Zabit Samedov K-1 World Grand Prix 2009 Final 16 Seoul, South Korea KO (Right body shot) 1 2:15 2009-05-16 Win Semmy Schilt It's Showtime 2009 Amsterdam Amsterdam, Netherlands KO (Right cross) 1 0:45 Wins It's Showtime World Heavyweight title. 2009-02-08 Win Frederic Sinistra Fights at the Border presents: It's Showtime 2009 Antwerp, Belgium KO (Right Cross) 1 2:06 2008-12-31 Loss Alistair Overeem Dynamite!! 2008 Saitama, Japan KO (Left hook) 1 2:02 Fight was for K-1 World Grand Prix 2008 title. 2008-12-06 Loss Remy Bonjasky K-1 World GP 2008 Final Yokohama, Japan DQ (Illegal kick) 2 0:53 2008-12-06 Win Errol Zimmerman K-1 World GP 2008 Final Yokohama, Japan KO (Right Cross) 3 2:15 2008-12-06 Win Peter Aerts K-1 World GP 2008 Final Yokohama, Japan TKO (Referee Stoppage) 2 1:39 2008-09-27 Win Hong Man Choi K-1 World Grand Prix 2008 in Seoul Final 16 Seoul, Korea TKO (Corner Stoppage) 4 0:00 2008-08-09 Win Domagoj Ostojic K-1 World GP 2008 in Hawaii Honolulu, Hawaii, USA KO (Left cross) 1 0:19 2008-06-29 Win Glaube Feitosa K-1 World GP 2008 in Fukuoka Fukuoka, Japan KO (Right Cross) 1 2:26 Retains K-1 Heavyweight (-100kg) title. 2008-04-13 Win Ray Sefo K-1 World GP 2008 in Yokohama Yokohama, Japan TKO (Referee Stoppage) 1 2:43 2007-12-08 Loss Remy Bonjasky K-1 World GP 2007 Final Yokohama, Japan Decision (Majority) 3 3:00 2007-09-29 Win Doug Viney K-1 World GP 2007 in Seoul Final 16 Seoul, Korea KO (Right cross) 2 1:23 2007-08-05 Win Peter Graham K-1 World GP 2007 in Hong Kong Hong Kong Decision (Unanimous) 3 3:00 Wins K-1 Heavyweight (-100kg) title. 2007-04-28 Win Yusuke Fujimoto K-1 World GP 2007 in Hawaii Honolulu, Hawaii, USA KO (High kick) 1 0:56 2007-03-04 Win Ruslan Karaev K-1 World GP 2007 in Yokohama Yokohama, Japan KO (Right Cross) 2 2:46 2006-12-31 Win Nicholas Pettas K-1 Premium 2006 Dynamite!! Tokyo, Japan TKO (Arm injury) 2 1:28 2006-12-06 Win Paul Slowinski K-1 World Grand Prix 2006 Tokyo, Japan Decision (Unanimous) 3 3:00 2006-09-30 Loss Ruslan Karaev K-1 World Grand Prix 2006 in Osaka Opening Round Osaka, Japan KO (Right punch) 1 0:52 2006-03-05 Loss Peter Graham K-1 World Grand Prix 2006 in Auckland Auckland, New Zealand KO (Rolling thunder) 3 2:54 2005-11-19 Win Stefan Leko K-1 World Grand Prix 2005 Tokyo, Japan KO (Spinning Right High Heel kick) 2 1:30 2005-06-12 Loss Stefan Leko It's Showtime 2005 Amsterdam Amsterdam, Netherlands KO (Spinning back mid kick) 1 1:44 2005-04-16 Win Vitali Akhramenko K-1 Italy 2005 Oktagon Milan, Italy Decision (Unanimous) 3 3:00 2005-03-11 Win Domagoj Ostojic Ultimate Nokaut 1 Karlovac, Croatia KO (Right hook) 2 0:10 2004-12-12 Win Gary Turner Rings Fightgala "Born Invincible" Utrecht, Netherlands Decision (Unanimous) 5 3:00 2004-10-10 Win Gokhan Saki 2 Hot 2 Handle Rotterdam, Netherlands TKO (Corner stoppage) 2 3:00 2004-05-20 Win Aziz Khattou It's Showtime 2004 Amsterdam Amsterdam, Netherlands KO (Knees) 2 1:45 2004-03-21 Win Errol Parris Profighters Gala in Almere Almere, Netherlands KO (Right hook) 5 2003-09-27 Win Antoni Hardonk Rings Fightgala Utrecht, Netherlands Decision (Unanimous) 5 3:00 2003-06-08 Loss Alexey Ignashov It's Showtime 2003 Amsterdam Amsterdam, Netherlands KO (Right cross) 3 2:55 2003-03-30 Win Dennis Strijbis Rings Fightgala Utrecht, Netherlands Decision (Unanimous) 5 3:00 2003-02-02 Win Ahmet Lakus Killerdome II Amsterdam, Netherlands TKO 4 2002-11-24 Loss Karim Mrabet Xena Sports Victory or Hell Netherlands Decision 3 3:00 2002-10-20 Win Ahmet Lakus Warriors Fight Night Dordrecht, Netherlands TKO (Doctor Stoppage) 5 2002-02-17 Win Willy Schneider WPKL Gala in Hogendorphal Amsterdam, Netherlands TKO (Doctor stoppage) 3 2000-11-19 Loss Rocky Grandjean WPKL Gala in Amsterdam Amsterdam, Netherlands KO (Spinning heel kick) 1 1:39
MMA record
0 Wins, 1 Loss Date Result Opponent Event Location Method Round Time 2002-05-12 Loss Edmunds Kirsis Lords of the Ring Gala Deventer, Netherlands Submission (Forearm choke) 1 0:22 Legend:       Win       Loss       Draw/No contest       Notes

See also[link]

• List of K-1 events
• List of K-1 champions
• List of It's Showtime champions
• List of male kickboxers

References[link]

External links[link]

Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Badr Hari

• Extensive Resource on Badr Hari
• Official website (entrance)—(start page)
• K-1 profile
• Mike's Gym official website

Aristotle Pollisco (born October 18, 1977), better known by his stage name Gloc-9, is an Awit Award-winning Filipino rapper. His fast-flowing vocal style has made him one of the most successful hip-hop artists in the Philippines. He was described by fellow Filipino rapper Francis Magalona as "a blacksmith of words and letters, and a true Filipino poet."^[1]

He is an award-winning rapper who has collaborated almost a dozen of songs with other OPM artists; “Lando” collaborated with late Francis M., “Upuan” with Jaezelle, “Bagsakan” with Parokya ni Edgar and Francis M., and “Sari-Saring Kwento” with Noel Cabangon and Champ Lui Pio. His songs mostly tackle social issues such as social injustices, poverty and patriotism.

Personal life[link]

He is the son of Orlando Pollisco, Sr. and the second of four siblings: Sharito (born 1976), Orlando, Jr. (born 1978) and Sharon (born 1982). Gloc 9 is a graduate of BS Nursing. He is married to Thea Pollisco and the father of fraternal twins, Sean Daniel and Danielle Shaun.^{[citation needed]}

Discography[link]

Studio Albums[link]

Singles[link]

• "Hinahanap Ng Puso"
• "Isang Araw"
• "Sayang"
• "Ako Si"
• "Simpleng Tao"
• "Bakit"
• "Ayoko Na"
• "Masama Yan"
• "Nag-iisang Mundo"
• "Nginig"
• "Tula"
• "Ipagpatawad Mo"
• "Love Story Ko"
• "Liwanag"
• "Ako Si"
• "B.I."
• "Jologs"
• "Get To Know You"
• "Diploma"
• "Lando"
• "Torpedo"
• "Sumayaw Ka"
• "Upuan"
• "Balita"
• "Martilyo"
• "Walang Natira"
• "Elmer"
• "Kung Tama siya *"
• "One Hit Combo"
• "Hari Ng Tondo"

Endorsements and appearances[link]

• 2011 Protégé: The Battle For The Big Break GMA Network Mentors
• V-Fresh from Columbia Foods Corporation (2005–present)

Awards[link]

See also[link]

• Filipino hip hop
• Death Threat (hip hop musician)
• Francis Magalona
• List of Filipino hip hop artists

References[link]

External links[link]

• Official Facebook
• Official Multiply
• Sony BMG Gloc-9 on Sony BMG Music Site
• [1] Gloc-9 on Star Records

This article about a Filipino musician is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it. v t e

This hip hop music/culture article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it. v t e

A software engineer is an engineer who applies the principles of software engineering to the design, development, testing, and evaluation of the software and systems that make computers or anything containing software work.

Overview[link]

Prior to the mid-1960s, software practitioners called themselves computer programmers or software developers, regardless of their actual jobs. Many people prefer to call themselves software developer and programmer, because most widely agree what these terms mean, while software engineer is still being debated. A prominent computing scientist, E. W. Dijkstra, wrote in a paper that the coining of the term software engineer was not useful since it was an inappropriate analogy, "The existence of the mere term has been the base of a number of extremely shallow—and false—analogies, which just confuse the issue...Computers are such exceptional gadgets that there is good reason to assume that most analogies with other disciplines are too shallow to be of any positive value, are even so shallow that they are only confusing."^[1]

The term programmer has often been used as a pejorative term to refer to those without the tools, skills, education, or ethics to write good quality software. In response, many practitioners called themselves software engineers to escape the stigma attached to the word programmer. In many companies, the titles programmer and software developer were changed to software engineer, for many categories of programmers.

These terms cause confusion, because some denied any differences (arguing that everyone does essentially the same thing with software) while others use the terms to create a difference (because the terms mean completely different jobs).

A state of the art[link]

In 2004, Keith Chapple of the U. S. Bureau of Labor Statistics counted 760,840 software engineers holding jobs in the U.S.; in the same period there were some 1.4 million practitioners employed in the U.S. in all other engineering disciplines combined.^[2] The label software engineer is used very liberally in the corporate world. Very few of the practicing software engineers actually hold Engineering degrees from accredited universities. In fact, according to the Association for Computing Machinery, "most people who now function in the U.S. as serious software engineers have degrees in computer science, not in software engineering". See also Controversies over the term Engineer.

Regulatory classification[link]

The U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics classifies computer software engineers as a subcategory of "computer specialists", along with occupations such as computer scientist, programmer, and network administrator.^[3] The BLS classifies all other engineering disciplines, including computer hardware engineers, as "engineers".^[4]

The U.K. has seen the alignment of the Information Technology Professional and the Engineering Professionals.^[5]

Software engineering in Canada has seen some contests in the courts over the use of the title "Software Engineer".^[6] The Canadian Council of Professional Engineers (C.C.P.E. or "Engineers Canada") will not grant a "Professional Engineer" status/license to anyone who has not completed a recognized academic engineering program.^{[citation needed]} Engineers qualified outside Canada are similarly unable to obtain a "Professional Engineer" license.^[7] Since 2001, the Canadian Engineering Accreditation Board has accredited several university programs in software engineering,^[8] allowing graduates to apply for a professional engineering licence once the other prerequisites are obtained, although this does nothing to help IT professionals using the title with degrees in other fields (such as computer science).

Some of the states in the United States regulate the use of terms such as "computer engineer" and even "software engineer". These states include Texas^[9] and Florida.^[10]

Education[link]

The examples and perspective in this article may not represent a worldwide view of the subject. Please improve this article and discuss the issue on the talk page. (November 2010)

About half of all practitioners today have degrees in computer science, information systems, or information technology. A small, but growing, number of practitioners have software engineering degrees. In 1987, Imperial College London introduced the first three-year software engineering Bachelor's degree in the UK and the world; in the following year, the University of Sheffield established a similar programme.^[11] In 1996, the Rochester Institute of Technology established the first software engineering Bachelor's degree program in the United States, however, it did not obtain ABET accreditation until 2003, the same time as Rice University, Clarkson University, Milwaukee School of Engineering and Mississippi State University obtained theirs.^[12] In 1997, PSG College of Technology in Coimbatore, India was the first to start a five-year integrated Master of Science degree in Software Engineering.^{[citation needed]}

Since then, software engineering undergraduate degrees have been established at many universities. A standard international curriculum for undergraduate software engineering degrees was recently^[when?] defined by the CCSE. As of 2004^[update], in the U.S., about 50 universities offer software engineering degrees, which teach both computer science and engineering principles and practices. The first software engineering Master's degree was established at Seattle University in 1979. Since then graduate software engineering degrees have been made available from many more universities. Likewise in Canada, the Canadian Engineering Accreditation Board (CEAB) of the Canadian Council of Professional Engineers has recognized several software engineering programs.

In 1998, the US Naval Postgraduate School (NPS) established the first doctorate program in Software Engineering in the world.^{[citation needed]} Additionally, many online advanced degrees in Software Engineering have appeared such as the Master of Science in Software Engineering (MSE) degree offered through the Computer Science and Engineering Department at California State University, Fullerton. Steve McConnell opines that because most universities teach computer science rather than software engineering, there is a shortage of true software engineers.^[13] ETS University and UQAM were mandated by IEEE to develop the SoftWare Engineering BOdy of Knowledge SWEBOK, which has become an ISO standard describing the body of knowledge covered by a software engineer^{[citation needed]}.

Other degrees[link]

In business, some software engineering practitioners have MIS or computer information systems degrees. In embedded systems, some have electrical engineering, computer science with emphasis in "embedded systems" or computer engineering degrees, because embedded software often requires a detailed understanding of hardware. In medical software, practitioners may have medical informatics, general medical, or biology degrees.^{[citation needed]}

Some practitioners have mathematics, science, engineering, or technology degrees. Some have philosophy (logic in particular) or other non-technical degrees.^{[citation needed]}For instance, Barry Boehm earned degrees in mathematics. And, others have no degrees.^{[citation needed]}

Profession[link]

Employment[link]

Most software engineers work as employees or contractors. Software engineers work with businesses, government agencies (civilian or military), and non-profit organizations. Some software engineers work for themselves as freelancers. Some organizations have specialists to perform each of the tasks in the software development process. Other organizations required software engineers to do many or all of them. In large projects, people may specialize in only one role. In small projects, people may fill several or all roles at the same time. Specializations include: in industry (analysts, architects, developers, testers, technical support, managers) and in academia (educators, researchers).

There is considerable debate over the future employment prospects for Software Engineers and other IT Professionals. For example, an online futures market called the Future of IT Jobs in America attempts to answer whether there will be more IT jobs, including software engineers, in 2012 than there were in 2002.

Certification[link]

Professional certification of software engineers is a contentious issue.^{[citation needed]} Some see it as a tool to improve professional practice.^{[citation needed]}

Most successful certification programs in the software industry are oriented toward specific technologies, and are managed by the vendors of these technologies.^{[citation needed]} These certification programs are tailored to the institutions that would employ people who use these technologies.

The ACM had a professional certification program in the early 1980s, which was discontinued due to lack of interest.^[14] As of 2006^[update], the IEEE had certified over 575 software professionals.^[15] In Canada the Canadian Information Processing Society has developed a legally recognized professional certification called Information Systems Professional (ISP).^[16]

Impact of globalization[link]

Many students in the developed world have avoided degrees related to software engineering because of the fear of offshore outsourcing (importing software products or services from other countries) and of being displaced by foreign visa workers.^[17] Although government statistics do not currently show a threat to software engineering itself; a related career, computer programming does appear to have been affected.^[18][19] Often one is expected to start out as a computer programmer before being promoted to software engineer. Thus, the career path to software engineering may be rough, especially during recessions.

Some career counselors suggest a student also focus on "people skills" and business skills rather than purely technical skills because such "soft skills" are allegedly more difficult to offshore.^[20] It is the quasi-management aspects of software engineering that appear to be what has kept it from being impacted by globalization.^[21]

Prizes[link]

There are several prizes in the field of software engineering:^[22]

• The CODiE awards is a yearly award issued by the Software and Information Industry Association for excellence in software development within the software industry.
• Jolt Awards are awards in the software industry.
• Stevens Award is a software engineering award given in memory of Wayne Stevens.

Use of the title "Engineer"[link]

Suitability of the term[link]

Typical formal definitions of software engineering are:

• "the application of a systematic, disciplined, quantifiable approach to the development, operation, and maintenance of software".^[23]
• "an engineering discipline that is concerned with all aspects of software production"^[24]
• "the establishment and use of sound engineering principles in order to economically obtain software that is reliable and works efficiently on real machines"^[25]

The term has been used less formally:

• as the informal contemporary term for the broad range of activities that were formerly called programming and systems analysis;^[26]
• as the broad term for all aspects of the practice of computer programming, as opposed to the theory of computer programming, which is called computer science;^[27]
• as the term embodying the advocacy of a specific approach to computer programming, one that urges that it be treated as an engineering discipline rather than an art or a craft, and advocates the codification of recommended practices.^[28]

Many people believe that software engineering implies a certain level of academic training, professional discipline, adherence to formal processes, and especially legal liability that often are not applied in cases of software development. A common analogy is that working in construction does not make one a civil engineer, and so writing code does not make one a software engineer. It is disputed by some — in particular by the Canadian Professional Engineers Ontario (PEO) body, that the field is not mature enough to warrant the title "engineering". The PEO disputed that "software engineering" was not an appropriate name for the field since those who practiced in the field and called themselves "software engineers" were not properly licensed professional engineers, and that they should therefore not be allowed to use the name.^[29]

In each of the last few decades, at least one radical new approach has entered the mainstream of software development (e.g. Structured Programming, Object Orientation), implying that the field is still changing too rapidly to be considered an engineering discipline. Proponents argue that the supposedly radical new approaches are evolutionary rather than revolutionary.^{[citation needed]}

Individual commentators have disagreed sharply on how to define software engineering or its legitimacy as an engineering discipline. David Parnas has said that software engineering is, in fact, a form of engineering.^[30][31] Steve McConnell has said that it is not, but that it should be.^[32] Donald Knuth has said that programming is an art and a science.^[33] Edsger W. Dijkstra claimed that the terms software engineering and software engineer have been misused, particularly in the United States.^[34]

Regulatory classification[link]

The U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics classifies computer software engineers as a subcategory of "computer specialists", along with occupations such as computer scientist, programmer, and network administrator.^[3] The BLS classifies all other engineering disciplines, including computer hardware engineers, as "engineers".^[4]

The U.K. has seen the alignment of the Information Technology Professional and the Engineering Professionals.^[5]

In New Zealand, IPENZ, the professional engineering organization entrusted by the New Zealand government with legal power to license and regulate chartered engineers (CPEng), recognizes software engineering as a legitimate branch of professional engineering and accepts application of software engineers to obtain chartered status provided he or she has a tertiary degree of approved subjects. Software Engineering is included but Computer Science is normally not.^[35]

In Canada, the use of the job title "Engineer" is controlled in each province by self-regulating professional engineering organizations, often aligned with geologists and geophysicists, and tasked with enforcement of the governing legislation. The intent is that any individual holding themselves out as an engineer (or geologist or geophysicist) has been verified to have been educated to a certain accredited level, and their professional practice is subject to a code of ethics and peer scrutiny. This system was originally designed for the practise of engineering where public safety is a concern, but extends to other branches of engineering as well, including electronics and software^{[citation needed]}. Software engineering in Canada has seen some contests in the courts over the use of the title "Software Engineer"^[6] The Canadian Council of Professional Engineers (C.C.P.E. or "Engineers Canada") will not grant a "Professional Engineer" status/license to anyone who has not completed a recognized academic engineering program.^{[citation needed]} Engineers qualified outside Canada are similarly unable to obtain a "Professional Engineer" license.^[7] Since 2001, the Canadian Engineering Accreditation Board has accredited several university programs in software engineering,^[8] allowing graduates to apply for a professional engineering licence once the other prerequisites are obtained, although this does nothing to help IT professionals using the title with degrees in other fields (such as computer science).

Some of the United States of America regulate the use of terms such as "computer engineer" and even "software engineer". These states include at least Texas^[36] and Florida.^[10] Texas even goes so far as to ban anyone from writing any real-time code without an engineering license.

See also[link]

Computer science portal

• Bachelor of Science in Information Technology
• Bachelor of Software Engineering
• Consulting software engineer
• Software engineering demographics
• Software Engineering Institute
• Software engineering professionalism

References[link]

External links[link]

Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Software engineers