- published: 06 Mar 2011
- views: 9491
- author: copperpennymine
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![Corbel Mould Reconstruction - Ryedale Plasterers Limited [UK]](http://web.archive.org./web/20121213165609im_/http://i.ytimg.com/vi/icXmxateQG4/default.jpg "Plaster Corbal Restoration - Featuring Ben Lockhart - Ornamental Plasterer and Sculptor at Ryedale Plasterers Limited An old corbel carefully removed from a Victorian property, steam cleaned to remove paint , Repaired and made good for remoulding in the workshop. Repairs made in casting plaster. Silicone rubber mould.")
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- Bedale
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- Catterick Garrison
- City of Bradford
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Bedale
Coordinates: 54°17′00″N 1°35′00″W / 54.2833°N 1.5833°W / 54.2833; -1.5833
Bedale is a market town and civil parish in the district of Hambleton, North Yorkshire, England. It lies 34 miles (55 km) north of Leeds, 26 miles (42 km) southwest of Middlesbrough, and 7 miles (11 km) south west of the county town of Northallerton. It was originally in Richmondshire and listed in the Domesday Book as part of Catterick wapentake, which was also known as Hangshire (so named from Hang Bank in Finghall and because of the many gallows used to execute marauding Scots); it was split again and Bedale remained in East Hang. Bedale Beck is a tributary of the River Swale, which forms one of the Yorkshire Dales, with its predominance of agriculture and its related small traditional trades, although tourism is increasingly important.
Before the Harrying of the North, Bedale was held by Torpin (Thorfinn[disambiguation needed
]), a patronym retained by the infamous Dick Turpin. The parish church also dates from this time (as evidenced by its crypt), before significant remodelling.
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Boroughbridge
Coordinates: 54°05′42″N 1°23′53″W / 54.095°N 1.398°W / 54.095; -1.398
Boroughbridge is a small town and civil parish in the Harrogate district of North Yorkshire, England. It is situated 13 miles (21 km) northwest of York. Until its bypass was built, it was on the main A1 road from London to Edinburgh. The A1 crosses the River Ure here.
Traditionally the origin of the name "Boroughbridge" lies in its location relative to the nearby town of Aldborough. Aldborough was the principal town in the area during the Roman period, known then as Isurium Brigantum. After the Norman Conquest it appears that the crossing of Dere Street (the Roman Road heading to the North from York) over the Ure was diverted from just north of Aldborough to its present position in the town of Boroughbridge.
A new town grew up around this crossing and, whilst the Old Town became known as the "Ald-Borough" (Hence Aldborough), the New Town became "New Borough on t'Brigg" (Brigg being Bridge), which naturally became "Borough on t'Brigg" and finally Boroughbridge.
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Calderdale
The Metropolitan Borough of Calderdale is a metropolitan borough of West Yorkshire, England, through which the upper part of the River Calder flows, and from which it takes its name. There are also some small river valleys that contain tributaries of the River Calder.
Calderdale is made up of the amalgamation of six former local government districts, spanning (from east to west), the towns of Brighouse, Elland, Halifax, Sowerby Bridge, Hebden Bridge and Todmorden.
Halifax acts as the borough's main commercial, cultural and administrative centre, with numerous high street chain stores, markets, central library, borough council offices, public transport hub, central police station and the further and higher education college, as well as other major local organisations.
The borough covers part of the South Pennines and is the southern-most of the Yorkshire Dales. However, not being part of the Yorkshire Dales national park, Calderdale is generally less well known than its neighbours to the north.
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Catterick Garrison
Coordinates: 54°22′39″N 1°43′19″W / 54.3774°N 1.7220°W / 54.3774; -1.7220
Catterick Garrison is a major garrison located in Northern England. It is the largest British Army garrison in the world with a population of around 12,000, in addition to a large temporary population of soldiers, and is larger than the neighbouring village of Catterick.
It is not one single enclosed site, but consists of several separate barracks around which a town has developed. The Garrison gained its first large supermarket, a Tesco store, in 2000; along with a retail park including a McDonalds. The road signs have been changed to read "Town Centre" instead of "Camp Centre" (which is a roundabout). The garrison houses both 4 Mechanised Brigade and the Infantry Training Centre (Catterick)—where all infantry soldiers receive their basic training.
The siting of the garrison was first recommended by Robert Baden-Powell who founded the Scouting movement in 1908 whilst he was based at the army barracks—at that time located in Richmond Castle. The area was originally named Richmond Camp before being changed to Catterick Camp in 1915.
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City of Leeds
Coordinates: 53°47′59″N 1°32′57″W / 53.79972°N 1.54917°W / 53.79972; -1.54917 The City of Leeds is a local government district of West Yorkshire, England, governed by Leeds City Council, with the status of a city and metropolitan borough. The metropolitan district includes Leeds and the towns of Farsley, Garforth, Guiseley, Horsforth, Morley, Otley, Pudsey, Rothwell, Wetherby and Yeadon. It has a population of 798,800 (2010 est.) and is the second largest local government district in England by population; and the second largest metropolitan district by area.
The current city boundaries were set on 1 April 1974 by the provisions of the Local Government Act 1972, as part a reform of local government in England. The city is a merger of eleven former local government districts; the unitary City and County Borough of Leeds combined with the municipal boroughs of Morley and Pudsey, the urban districts of Aireborough, Garforth, Horsforth, Otley and Rothwell, and parts of the rural districts of Tadcaster, Wharfedale and Wetherby from the West Riding of Yorkshire.
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Clifton Without
Coordinates: 53°58′33″N 1°06′11″W / 53.975781°N 1.103031°W / 53.975781; -1.103031
Clifton Without is a suburb and civil parish in the unitary authority of the City of York, North Yorkshire, England. It consists of those parts of Clifton that lie outside, i.e. Without, the (pre-1996) city boundaries and Clifton Moor. It lies on the A19 about two miles north-west of central York.
According to the 2001 census it had a population of 5,113. Before 1996 it formed part of the Ryedale district. The Parish is bounded by the River Ouse to the west and the B1363 and River Foss in the east, and from the Clifton Moor retail park in the north to near Clifton Green in the south. The parish contains a diverse mix of industrial and retail areas, to residential areas in the rest of the parish. The area also includes the natural areas of Clifton Ings and Clifton Backies and Rawcliffe Lake.
On 27 May 1933 an air circus visited York and flew from Rawcliffe meadow, now the site of Clifton Moor Retail Park. It demonstrated the viability of the area for a commercial airfield for York. In 1934 York Corporation compulsory purchased parts of Clifton (Without) and Rawcilffe and on, 4 July 1936 York Municipal Aerodrome opened. Before the outbreak of the Second World War, the airfield was managed by Yorkshire Air Services and Country Club Ltd, who ran a flying club and an air taxi service, but no scheduled flights. On 1 September 1939 the airfield was requisitioned by the government for military use and was renamed RAF Clifton. It host to a flight of Whitley Bombers.
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Craven
Craven is in recent times the name of a local government district in North Yorkshire, England that came into being in 1974, centred on the market town of Skipton. In the changes to British local government of that year this district was formed as the merger of Skipton urban district, Settle Rural District and most of Skipton Rural District, all in the West Riding of Yorkshire. It comprises the upper reaches of Airedale, Wharfedale, Ribblesdale, and includes most of the Aire Gap and Craven Basin.
Additionally, the name Craven is much older than the modern district, and once encompassed a larger area. This history is also still reflected in the way the term is still commonly used, for example by the Church of England.
Craven has been the name of this district throughout recorded history but it was never defined until 1974; its boundaries differed according to whether considering administration, taxation or religion.
The name Craven may be derived from the pre-Celtic cravona, meaning stony region. Or from the Celtic (Cumbric), related to the Welsh word craf meaning garlic. In the Middle Ages, the area was known for its wild garlic.[citation needed]
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Earswick
Coordinates: 54°00′30″N 1°03′24″W / 54.00842°N 1.05653°W / 54.00842; -1.05653
Earswick is a village and civil parish in the unitary authority of the City of York in North Yorkshire, England. It lies between Huntington and Strensall about 4 miles (6.4 km) north of York.
According to the 2001 census the parish had a population of 819. Prior to 1996 it had been part of the Ryedale district.
Media related to Earswick at Wikimedia Commons
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Easingwold
Coordinates: 54°07′11″N 1°11′23″W / 54.1198°N 1.1897°W / 54.1198; -1.1897
Easingwold is a small market town and a civil parish in North Yorkshire, England. It has a population of 4,233. It is located 13 miles (21 km) north of York, at the foot of the Howardian Hills. The name of Easingwold is Anglo Saxon in origin. King John had a hunting lodge there and the royal Forest of Galtres once surrounded the area. The town was bypassed by the A19 in November 1994. Easingwold School is the largest in the surrounding area and has around 1,300 pupils. Easingwold also has a primary school. There are also several pubs in Easingwold and plenty of shops.
Easingwold is served by several buses to nearby villages, towns and the city of York.
The Cabinet Office have their Emergency Planning College at the Hawkhills, Easingwold.
Easingwold has its own secondary school Easingwold School, which is now a specialist Language College and a pupil roll of around 1,300 pupils.
Easingwold Community Primary School is a local authority school with a school roll of around 324 pupils.
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England
England
i/ˈɪŋɡlənd/ is a country that is part of the United Kingdom. It shares land borders with Scotland to the north and Wales to the west; the Irish Sea is to the north west, the Celtic Sea to the south west, while the North Sea to the east and the English Channel to the south separate it from continental Europe. Most of England comprises the central and southern part of the island of Great Britain in the North Atlantic. The country also includes over 100 smaller islands such as the Isles of Scilly and the Isle of Wight.
The area now called England was first inhabited by modern humans during the Upper Palaeolithic period, but it takes its name from the Angles, one of the Germanic tribes who settled during the 5th and 6th centuries. England became a unified state in AD 927, and since the Age of Discovery, which began during the 15th century, has had a significant cultural and legal impact on the wider world. The English language, the Anglican Church, and English law—the basis for the common law legal systems of many other countries around the world—developed in England, and the country's parliamentary system of government has been widely adopted by other nations. The Industrial Revolution began in 18th-century England, transforming its society into the world's first industrialised nation. England's Royal Society laid the foundations of modern experimental science.
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Eston
Coordinates: 54°33′36″N 1°08′38″W / 54.560°N 1.144°W / 54.560; -1.144
Eston is a town within the unitary authority of Redcar and Cleveland, England. It falls inside the Greater Eston initiative. As with the rest of Redcar and Cleveland, it is part of the ceremonial county of North Yorkshire.
Eston is next to Normanby, Grangetown and Teesville, indeed several institutions in Teesville and Normanby have Eston in their name, such as Eston Sports Academy, Eston Cemetery and Eston Park School. It is included in the Redcar and Cleveland redevelopment initiative named Greater Eston.
The land around Eston has been occupied since 2400 BC, but it was the discovery of ironstone in Eston Hills by industrialists from Middlesbrough (most notably Henry Bolckow and John Vaughan) in 1841, that saw Eston develop from two cottages in 1850 to a thriving mining town. Miners' cottages, although altered, can still be seen in parts of Eston. The mining history of Eston was the subject of a film, A Century in Stone, which describes how the mines were responsible for making Teesside the iron and steel capital of the world. The film, by Craig Hornby of Pancrack Films, not only sold out in local cinemas, but also across Australia.
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Filey
Coordinates: 54°12′36″N 0°17′21″W / 54.2101°N 0.2893°W / 54.2101; -0.2893
Filey is a small town and civil parish in North Yorkshire, England. It forms part of the borough of Scarborough and is located between Scarborough and Bridlington on the North Sea coast. Although it started out as a fishing village, it has a large beach and is a popular tourist resort. Until 1974 it was an urban district in the East Riding of Yorkshire.
According to the 2001 UK census, Filey parish had a population of 6,819.
Filey is at the eastern end of the Cleveland Way a long-distance footpath; this starts at Helmsley and skirts the North York Moors. It was the second National Trail to be opened (1969). It is also the northern end of the Yorkshire Wolds Way National Trail which starts at Hessle and crosses the Yorkshire Wolds. Filey is the finishing point for Great Yorkshire Bike Ride. The 70-mile (110 km) ride begins at Wetherby Racecourse.
Filey has a railway station on the Yorkshire Coast Line. Previously Filey also had a second station Filey Holiday Camp railway station to the south of the town serving the former Butlins holiday camp. This camp has now been re-developed into a 600-home holiday housing development, The Bay Filey. It is one of the largest coastal developments of this kind in the UK and the first homes began to be handed over to buyers in 2007.
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Grassington
Coordinates: 54°04′16″N 1°59′53″W / 54.071°N 1.998°W / 54.071; -1.998
Grassington is a market town and civil parish in the Craven district of North Yorkshire, England. The town is situated in Wharfedale around 9 miles (14 km) from Bolton Abbey and is surrounded by limestone scenery. Nearby villages include Linton, Threshfield, Hebden, Conistone and Kilnsey.
Although often described by local people as a village, Grassington was granted a Royal Charter for a market and fair in 1282 giving it market town status. The market was held regularly until about 1860. A change in land use from the early 17th century, when lead mining began to assume more importance, brought some prosperity, but Grassington's heyday arrived during the late 18th and early 19th centuries. The opening of the Yorkshire Dales Railway to Threshfield in 1901 brought new visitors, many of whom settled, some finding work in Skipton or in the developing limestone quarries.The Old Hall at Grassington is reputedly the oldest house in Yorkshire, dating from the late thirteenth or early fourteenth century.
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Hambleton
Coordinates: 54°20′02″N 1°25′44″W / 54.334°N 1.429°W / 54.334; -1.429
Hambleton is a local government district of North Yorkshire, England. The main town and administrative centre is Northallerton, and includes the market towns and major villages of Bedale, Thirsk, Great Ayton, Stokesley and Easingwold.
The district was formed by the Local Government Act 1972 on 1 April 1974, as a merger of the urban district of Northallerton with Bedale Rural District, Easingwold Rural District, Northallerton Rural District, and part of Thirsk Rural District and Croft Rural District, all in the North Riding of Yorkshire.
The district is named after the Hambleton Hills, part of the North York Moors National Park, on the eastern edge of the district. This area is the subject of a national habitat protection scheme as articulated in the United Kingdom's Biodiversity Action Plan.
Hambleton covers an area of 1,311.17 km² most of which, 1,254.90 km², is green space. The district is named after the Hambleton Hills, part of the North York Moors National Park, on the eastern edge of the district. This area is the subject of a national habitat protection scheme as articulated in the United Kingdom's Biodiversity Action Plan.
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Harrogate
Coordinates: 53°59′28″N 1°32′20″W / 53.991°N 1.539°W / 53.991; -1.539
Harrogate is a spa town in North Yorkshire, England. The town is a tourist destination and its visitor attractions include its spa waters, RHS Harlow Carr gardens, and Bettys Tea Rooms. From the town one can explore the nearby Yorkshire Dales national park. Historically in the West Riding of Yorkshire, Harrogate grew out of two existing smaller settlements, High Harrogate and Low Harrogate, in the 17th century.
Harrogate spa water contains iron, sulphur and common salt. The town became known as 'The English Spa' in the Georgian Era, after its waters were first discovered in the 16th century. In the 17th and 18th centuries especially, these 'chalybeate' waters (i.e. containing iron) were a popular health treatment, and the influx of wealthy but sickly visitors contributed significantly to the wealth of the town.
Harrogate railway station and Harrogate bus station in the town centre provide transport connections. Leeds Bradford International Airport is 10 miles (16 km) south west of Harrogate. The main road through the town is the A61, connecting Harrogate to Leeds and Ripon. Harrogate is also connected to Wetherby and the A1, by the A661. The town of Harrogate on its own had a population of 71,594 at the 2001 UK census; the urban area comprising Harrogate and nearby Knaresborough had a population of 85,128, while the figure for the much wider Borough of Harrogate, comprising Harrogate, Knaresborough, Ripon and a large rural area, was 151,339.
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Harrogate (borough)
The Borough of Harrogate is a local government district and borough of North Yorkshire, England. Its council is based in the town of Harrogate but it also includes surrounding towns and villages. It is the most populous district of North Yorkshire. The district is part of the Leeds City Region.
The district was formed on 1 April 1974, under the Local Government Act 1972, as a merger of the Masham and Wath rural districts, and part of Thirsk Rural District, from the North Riding of Yorkshire, along with the boroughs of Harrogate and the city of Ripon, the Knaresborough urban district, Nidderdale Rural District, Ripon and Pateley Bridge Rural District, part of Wetherby Rural District and part of Wharfedale Rural District, all in the West Riding of Yorkshire.
On 1 April 1996 the parishes of Nether Poppleton, Upper Poppleton, Hessay and Rufforth were transferred from the district to become part of the new York unitary authority. According to the 2001 census these parishes had a population of 5,169.
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Haxby
Coordinates: 54°00′58″N 1°04′30″W / 54.016°N 1.075°W / 54.016; -1.075
Haxby is a town and civil parish in the unitary authority of City of York, on the River Foss, five miles (8 km) north of York and south of Strensall, in North Yorkshire, England. Haxby is bordered on the east by the River Foss, and to the west by the village of Wigginton, whose expansion has caused the two settlements to form a continuous urban environment. To the south is the garden village of New Earswick and the York Outer Ring Road (A1237) with the open farmland to the north as far as the villages of Sutton-on-the-Forest and Strensall.
According to the 2001 census the parish had a population of 8,754. Before 1996 it was part of the Ryedale district. The centre of the town was made a Conservation Area by the local authority in 1976.
"Haxby" is a Norse place-name and translates as "Farmstead or village of a man called Hákr". It is formed from a Norse personal name and the Old Scandinavian word bý, meaning "farmstead, village or settlement". Haxby was recorded as Haxebi in the Domesday Book of 1086. The town is primarily a dormitory for commuters to nearby towns and cities, though local service industries provide employment opportunities proportionate to the size of its population.
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Heworth Without
Coordinates: 53°59′17″N 1°02′24″W / 53.988°N 1.0399°W / 53.988; -1.0399 Heworth Without is a civil parish in the City of York, North Yorkshire, England consisting of those parts of Heworth that lay beyond the (pre-1996) city boundary.
According to the 2001 census the parish had a population of 2,283. Prior to 1996 it had been part of the Ryedale district.
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Holtby
Coordinates: 53°58′46″N 0°58′22″W / 53.97945°N 0.97280°W / 53.97945; -0.97280
Holtby is a small village and civil parish in the unitary authority of the City of York in North Yorkshire, England. It lies on the A166 about 5 miles (8 km) east of York.
According to the 2001 census the parish had a population of 152. Prior to 1996 it had been part of the Ryedale district.
Holtby was served by Holtby railway station on the York to Beverley Line between 1847 and 1939.
Media related to Holtby at Wikimedia Commons
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Ingleby Barwick
Coordinates: 54°31′08″N 1°18′40″W / 54.519°N 1.311°W / 54.519; -1.311
Ingleby Barwick (
/ˈbɑrɪk/) is a large private residential estate and civil parish built on what was the southern perimeter of Thornaby airfield in the borough of Stockton-on-Tees and ceremonial county of North Yorkshire, England. The estate is enclosed by water to the west, north and east. It was officially opened in 1981 by the mayor of Langbaurgh.
Although the development of Ingleby Barwick, as the housing estate which is present today, did not start until the late 1970s, the land has been occupied for thousands of years. Ingleby Barwick has a ceremonial Coat of Arms. The arms contain a representation of the three rivers that run around Ingleby Barwick. It also depicts mill-rinds which are an historical link to the Turner family, who used to own the land which now forms Ingleby Barwick. The crest shows a Teal bird which refers to Teal a horse, trained at Middleham by Captain Neville Crump, which won the Grand National in 1952.
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Kingston upon Hull
Kingston upon Hull (i/ˌkɪŋstən əpɒn ˈhʌl/ KING-stən ə-pon HUL), usually referred to as Hull, is a city and unitary authority area in the ceremonial county of the East Riding of Yorkshire, England. It stands on the River Hull at its junction with the Humber estuary, 25 miles (40 km) inland from the North Sea. Hull has a resident population of 263,900 (2010 est.). The Larger Urban Zone (LUZ) population stands at 573,300.
Renamed Kings town upon Hull by King Edward I in 1299, the town and city of Hull has served as market town, military supply port, a trading hub, fishing and whaling centre, and industrial metropolis.
Hull was an early theatre of battle in the English Civil Wars. Its 18th-century Member of Parliament, William Wilberforce, played a key role in the abolition of the slave trade in Britain.
The city is unique in the UK in having had a municipally-owned telephone system from 1902, sporting cream, not red, telephone boxes.
After suffering heavy damage during the Second World War, Hull weathered a period of post-industrial decline, during which the city gained unfavourable results on measures of social deprivation, education and policing. In recent years the city has embarked on an extensive programme of economic regeneration, reconstruction and urban renewal. The economic crisis since 2008 has caused some setbacks to these developments.
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Kirkbymoorside
Coordinates: 54°16′08″N 0°55′48″W / 54.269°N 0.930°W / 54.269; -0.930
Kirkbymoorside is a small market town and civil parish in the Ryedale district of North Yorkshire, England, which lies approximately 25 miles (40.2 km) north of York midway between Pickering and Helmsley, and has a population of approximately 3,000.[citation needed]
Kirkbymoorside is noted as "Chirchebi" in Domesday Book (1086). It has served as a trading hub at least since 1254, when it became a market town. There are two ancient coaching inns extant, the Black Swan with its carved porch, and the cruck-framed George and Dragon, which originated in the 13th century. The Georgian façades point to later periods of commercial prosperity on the coaching route between York and Scarborough.
Some Ancient British, Viking and Anglo-Saxon remains have been found in the vicinity. The Norman baron Robert de Stuteville built a wooden moated castle on Vivers Hill. The estate passed to the Wake family in the 13th century, who brought prosperity to the town. However, it was badly hit by the Black Death of the mid-14th century, after which the wooden castle lay in ruins. Prosperity returned after 1408, when the Neville family took over, although little remains of the fortified manor they built to the north of the town. The Nevilles remained Catholic and took part in the Rising of the North of 1569. By 1660 there was a grammar school. (The building is now part of the library.) The great Toll Booth in the middle of the town was built about 1730 with stone taken from the Nevilles' manor. The old Market Hall was gutted by fire but rebuilt in 1872. By 1881 the population of the town was 2,337.
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Kirklees
Coordinates: 53°35′35″N 1°48′04″W / 53.593°N 1.801°W / 53.593; -1.801
The Metropolitan Borough of Kirklees is a metropolitan borough of West Yorkshire, England. It has a population of 401,000 and includes the settlements of Batley, Birstall, Cleckheaton, Denby Dale, Dewsbury, Heckmondwike, Holmfirth, Huddersfield, Kirkburton, Marsden, Meltham, Mirfield and Slaithwaite. Huddersfield is the largest settlement of the district, and its centre of administration.
The borough was formed under the Local Government Act 1972 on 1 April 1974, by a merger of the county boroughs of Dewsbury and Huddersfield along with the municipal boroughs of Batley and Spenborough and the urban districts of Colne Valley, Denby Dale, Heckmondwike, Holmfirth, Kirkburton, Meltham and Mirfield.
The name "Kirklees" was chosen by the merging councils from more than fifty suggestions, including "Upper Agbrigg", "Brigantia" and "Wooldale". It was named after Kirklees Priory, legendary burial place of Robin Hood. The site of the priory is now Kirklees Park Estate, situated mid way between Huddersfield and Dewsbury and the location of Kirklees Hall.
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Knaresborough
Coordinates: 54°00′30″N 1°28′01″W / 54.0084°N 1.467°W / 54.0084; -1.467
Knaresborough is an old and historic market town, spa town and civil parish in the Borough of Harrogate, North Yorkshire, England, located on the River Nidd, four miles east of the centre of Harrogate.
Knaresborough is mentioned in the Domesday Book as Chednaresburg or Chenaresburg. Knaresborough Castle dates from Norman times; around 1100, the town began to grow and provide a market and attract traders to service the castle. The present parish church, St John's, was established around this time. The earliest name for a Lord of Knaresborough is from around 1115 when Serlo de Burgh held the 'Honour of Knaresborough' from the King.
Hugh de Morville was granted the Honour of Knaresborough in 1158. He was constable of Knaresborough and leader of the group of four knights who murdered Archbishop Thomas Beckett at Canterbury Cathedral on 29 December 1170. The four knights fled to Knaresborough and hid at the castle. Hugh de Morville forfeited the lands in 1173, not for his implication in the murder of Thomas Becket, but for "complicity in the rebellion of young Henry", according to the Early Yorkshire Charters.
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Leyburn
Coordinates: 54°18′32″N 1°49′44″W / 54.309°N 1.829°W / 54.309; -1.829
Leyburn is a busy market town and civil parish in the district of Richmondshire, North Yorkshire, England sitting above the northern bank of the River Ure in Wensleydale. Historically within the North Riding of Yorkshire, the name was derived from 'Ley' or 'Le' (clearing), and 'burn' (stream), meaning clearing by the stream. The town boasts two markets, several pubs, two banks with cash machines, and many small specialty stores. Market day is Friday. It is served by local buses that connect to Richmond, Hawes and Bedale. The local Rotary Club sponsors the annual Wensleydale Wander in March or April. The Wander is an organised walk with two options; a shorter walk of 12 miles (19 km) and a longer walk of 22 miles (35 km).
Leyburn had a population of 1,844 at the 2001 census, but this swells in summer due to its picturesque position in proximity to the Yorkshire Dales national park. It contains a range of public services, with two primary schools and a secondary school which serves the whole of Wensleydale, a police station and a medical centre. A wide range of independently owned shops are situated around a market square with a number of pubs and bars to entertain tourists and locals. It is home to Tennant's auction house, a small department store called Milner's and others, including: Campbell's supermarket, a chocolate shop, a range of oriental takeaways, electrical stores, a hunting and sports shop and also an art shop.
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Lincolnshire
Coordinates: 53°4′N 0°11′W / 53.067°N 0.183°W / 53.067; -0.183
Lincolnshire ( /ˈlɪŋkənʃə/ or /ˈlɪŋkənʃɪə/; abbreviated Lincs) is a county in the east of England. It borders Norfolk to the south east, Cambridgeshire to the south, Rutland to the south west, Leicestershire and Nottinghamshire to the west, South Yorkshire to the northwest, and the East Riding of Yorkshire to the north. It also borders Northamptonshire in the south for just 20 yards (18 m), England's shortest county boundary. The county town is Lincoln, where the county council has its headquarters.
The ceremonial county of Lincolnshire is composed of the non-metropolitan county of Lincolnshire and the area covered by the unitary authorities of North Lincolnshire and North-East Lincolnshire. Therefore, part of the ceremonial county is in the Yorkshire and the Humber region, and part is in the East Midlands region. The county is the second largest of the English counties and one that is predominantly agricultural in land use. The county can be broken down into a number of geographical sub-regions including: the Lincolnshire Fens (south Lincolnshire), the Carrs (similar to the Fens but in north Lincolnshire), the Lincolnshire Wolds, and the industrial Humber Estuary and North Sea coast around Grimsby and Scunthorpe.
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Masham
Coordinates: 54°13′22″N 1°39′15″W / 54.2227°N 1.6541°W / 54.2227; -1.6541
Masham ( /ˈmæsəm/ MASS-əm) is a small market town and civil parish in the Harrogate district of North Yorkshire, England. It has a population of 1,235. Situated in Wensleydale on the western bank of the River Ure, the name derives from the Anglo-Saxon "Mæssa's Ham", the homestead belonging to Mæssa. The Romans had a presence here, but the first permanent settlers were the Angles. Around 900 AD the Vikings invaded the region, burning and laying waste to the church and causing great suffering in Masham. They also introduced sheep farming, something for which the town is well known today.
The nearest railway stations are Thirsk and Northallerton. Both are on the TransPennine Express line; Northallerton is also on the East Coast Main Line.
Masham was historically a large parish in the North Riding of Yorkshire. As well as the town of Masham the parish included the townships of Burton-on-Yore, Ellingstring, Ellington High and Low, Fearby, Healey with Sutton, Ilton cum Pott and Swinton. In 1866 the townships became separate civil parishes. Masham Moor was an area of moorland to the west of the parish bordering the West Riding, common to the parishes of Masham and East Witton. It was divided between the parishes of Healey, Ilton cum Pott and Colsterdale in 1934.
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Middlesbrough
Middlesbrough (i/ˈmɪdəlzbrə/ MID-əlz-brə) is a large town situated on the south bank of the River Tees in north east England, that sits within the ceremonial county of North Yorkshire. The local authority, a unitary authority, is Middlesbrough Borough Council.
Historically part of the North Riding of Yorkshire, in 1968 the town became the centre of the County Borough of Teesside, which was absorbed by the non-metropolitan county of Cleveland in 1974. In 1996 Cleveland was abolished, and Middlesbrough became a unitary authority, within the ceremonial county of North Yorkshire.
It is locally regarded that the town exceeds the confines of the Middlesbrough Borough to include the areas of Eston, Grangetown, Normanby, Ormesby, and South Bank which are wards of the neighbouring unitary authority of Redcar and Cleveland.[citation needed][by whom?]
To the northeast of Middlesbrough lies the Tees Estuary, approximately 6 miles (9.7 km) away. A few miles to the south lies the edge of the North York Moors National Park.
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Murton, York
Coordinates: 53°57′59″N 1°00′36″W / 53.96627°N 1.01000°W / 53.96627; -1.01000
Murton is a small village and a civil parish in the unitary authority of the City of York in North Yorkshire, England that is located on the outskirts of York. To the west there is the A64 and the village of Osbaldwick, to the south the A166 road to Bridlington, to the north the village of Stockton-on-the-Forest, and to the east the villages of Holtby and Warthill.
According to the 2001 census the parish had a population of 423. Prior to 1996 it had been part of the Ryedale district.
The village has around a hundred properties ranging from traditional large country houses to more modern buildings.
The village is home to the Yorkshire Museum of Farming at Murton Park. Here there is a small railway track which is the remains of the Derwent Valley Light Railway. Trains are run on Sundays and bank holidays. The village has a local pub called the Bay Horse. The York Livestock Centre is also located in Murton.
The village has a small church named after St James, which is linked with St Thomas' Church in Osbaldwick.
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New Earswick
Coordinates: 53°59′31″N 1°04′21″W / 53.992020°N 1.072380°W / 53.992020; -1.072380
New Earswick is a model village and civil parish in the unitary authority of City of York in North Yorkshire, England, near the River Foss, north of York and south of Haxby. According to the 2001 census the parish had a population of 2,812. Prior to 1996 it had been part of the Ryedale district.
The village of New Earswick was built as a genuine mixed community. There was housing for both workers and managers, in a green setting with gardens for each home with its own fruit tree. It was founded by the York philanthropist, Joseph Rowntree, who was quoted as saying, "I do not want to establish communities bearing the stamp of charity but rather of rightly ordered and self governing communities". The first 28 houses were built between 1902 and 1904 by the architect Raymond Unwin, after which the Joseph Rowntree Village Trust was established to continue building and manage the new village.
The village had contemporaries such as Bournville, Saltaire, Port Sunlight and others. This was in sharp contrast to the slums that had developed in York and other cities during the previous century, the deprivation of which had been revealed in Seebohm Rowntrees' report of 1901, entitled Poverty: a study of town life. It revealed appalling statistics of dark, overcrowded and insanitary housing.
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North Yorkshire
North Yorkshire is a county in England. It is a non-metropolitan or shire county located in the Yorkshire and the Humber region of England, and a ceremonial county primarily in that region but partly in North East England. Created in 1974 by the Local Government Act 1972 it covers an area of 8,654 square kilometres (3,341 sq mi), making it the largest ceremonial county in England. The majority of the Yorkshire Dales and all of the North York Moors lie within North Yorkshire's boundaries, and around 40% of the county is covered by National Parks. The county town is Northallerton.
The area under the control of the county council, or shire county, is divided into a number of local government districts; they are Craven, Hambleton, Harrogate, Richmondshire, Ryedale, Scarborough and Selby.
The Department for Communities and Local Government did consider reorganising North Yorkshire County Council's administrative structure by abolishing the seven district councils and the county council to create a North Yorkshire unitary authority. The changes were planned to be implemented no later than 1 April 2009. This was rejected on 25 July 2007 so the County Council and District Council structure will remain.
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Northallerton
Coordinates: 54°20′16″N 1°25′43″W / 54.3378°N 1.4285°W / 54.3378; -1.4285
Northallerton ( /ˌnɔːˈθælətən/) is an affluentmarket town and civil parish in the Hambleton district of North Yorkshire, England. It lies in the Vale of Mowbray and at the northern end of the Vale of York. It has a population of 15,741 according to the 2001 census. It has served as the county town of the North Riding of Yorkshire and since 1974, of North Yorkshire.
There has been a settlement at Northallerton since Roman times, however its growth in importance began in the 11th century when King William II gifted land to the Bishop of Durham. Under the Bishop's authority Northallerton became an important centre for religious affairs. It was also a focus for much conflict in subsequent years between the English and the Scots, most notably the Battle of the Standard, nearby in 1138, which saw losses of as many as 12,000 men.
In later years trade and transport became more important. Lying on the main route between Edinburgh and London it became an important stopping point for coaches travelling the route, eventually superseded by the growth of the railways in the 19th century. Lying in the centre of a large rural area Northallerton was established as a market town in 1200 by Royal Charter, and there is still a market in the town today.
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Norton-on-Derwent
Coordinates: 54°07′55″N 0°46′59″W / 54.132°N 0.783°W / 54.132; -0.783
Norton-on-Derwent, commonly referred to as simply Norton, is a town and civil parish in the Ryedale district of North Yorkshire, England. Norton borders the market town of Malton, and is divided by the River Derwent. The 2001 census gave the population of the parish as 6,943.
From 1894 to 1974 it was an urban district in the East Riding of Yorkshire.
Norton is served by two main educational institutions: Norton Primary School, and Norton College, which holds specialist Technology College status. Norton College has recently added a newly built sixth form college and a playgroup.
In the nearby village of Langton is the independent preparatory school Woodleigh School.
Norton, along with Malton, is well-known throughout the horse racing industry for the town's many stables.
Malton and Norton Golf Club is a 27 hole golf course located off Welham Road, covered a large part of the south-west end of the town. The club is the 'home club' of European Tour professional Simon Dyson.
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Osbaldwick
Coordinates: 53°57′22″N 1°02′02″W / 53.956°N 1.034°W / 53.956; -1.034
Osbaldwick is a village and civil parish in the unitary authority of the City of York in North Yorkshire, England. It has been in existence since at least the 11th century, and is now a conservation area. It is the burial place of the nun Mary Ward.
According to the 2001 census the parish had a population of 2,726. Prior to 1996 it was part of the Ryedale district.
It is mentioned three times in the Domesday Book as Osboldewic. It is named after Osbald, an earl in the kingdom of Northumbria. The village is home to Osbaldwick Hall and the 12th-century St Thomas Church, although this has been extended with a modern building. The village has been a Conservation Area since 1978.
Osbaldwick is now effectively a suburb of York, about 2 miles (3.2 km) east of the city. The village proper lies mostly along one street (Osbaldwick Village); newer housing surrounds this and Osbaldwick is now effectively bounded on three sides by the A1079 to the south, the A64 (forming part of York's Ring Road) to the east and by green-belt land to the north, although this is under threat. To the west, newer housing merges into the Tang Hall district.
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Rawcliffe, York
Coordinates: 53°58′51″N 1°06′48″W / 53.98084°N 1.11339°W / 53.98084; -1.11339
Rawcliffe is a village and civil parish in the unitary authority of the City of York in North Yorkshire, England. It is bordered by the A19 and A1237, and lies about 3 miles (4.8 km) north-west of York between Skelton and Clifton Without.
According to the 2001 census the parish had a population of 5,407. Prior to 1996 it had been part of the Ryedale district.
Historically within the North Riding of Yorkshire, the area is mainly residential but is known for its wildlife reservations that border the River Ouse which flows along its western border. Wildlife found in the area includes foxes and rabbits.
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Redcar
Coordinates: 54°37′07″N 1°04′07″W / 54.61856°N 1.06856°W / 54.61856; -1.06856
Redcar is a seaside resort in the north east of England, and a major town in the unitary authority of Redcar and Cleveland in the ceremonial county of North Yorkshire. It lies 7.5 miles (12.1 km) east-northeast of Middlesbrough by the North Sea coast. The combined population of the wards of Coatham, Dormanstown, Kirkleatham, Newcomen, West Dyke and Zetland was 36,610 in the 2001 census.
Redcar originated as a fishing town in the early 14th century, trading with the larger adjacent market town of Coatham. Until the mid 19th century it was a sub-parish of the village of Marske-by-the-Sea, when Redcar emerged as a seaside tourist destination. With the opening of the Middlesbrough to Redcar Railway in 1846, Redcar became a resort for Victorian tourists.
Redcar means "(place by the) red marsh" from the Old English rēad "red" and Old Scandinavian kjarr. However the first part of the name could also represent OE hrēod, (reed), giving a sense "reedy marshland", referring to the low lying land by the sea on which Redcar lies. Redcar originated as a fishing town in the 14th century, trading with the larger adjacent market town of Coatham. Until the mid 19th century it was a sub-parish of the local village of Marske-by-the-Sea (mentioned in the Domesday book).
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Redcar and Cleveland
The borough of Redcar & Cleveland is a unitary authority in the ceremonial county of North Yorkshire, England consisting of Redcar, Saltburn-by-the-Sea, Guisborough, and small towns such as Brotton, Eston, Skelton and Loftus. It had a resident population of 139,132 in 2001, and is part of the Tees Valley economic area. It is represented in Parliament by Ian Swales (Liberal Democrat) for the Redcar constituency and by Tom Blenkinsop (Labour) for the Middlesbrough South and East Cleveland constituency.
The district was created in 1974 as the borough of Langbaurgh, one of four districts of the new non-metropolitan county of Cleveland. It was formed from the Coatham, Kirkleatham, Ormesby, Redcar and South Bank wards of the county borough of Teesside, along with Guisborough, Loftus, Saltburn and Marske-by-the-Sea, Eston Grange and Skelton and Brotton urban districts, from the North Riding of Yorkshire. The borough was named after the ancient Langbaurgh wapentake of Yorkshire. On 1 January 1988 the borough was renamed as Langbaurgh-on-Tees.
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Richmondshire
Coordinates: 54°19′48″N 2°00′43″W / 54.330°N 2.012°W / 54.330; -2.012
Richmondshire is a local government district of North Yorkshire, England. It covers a large northern area of the Yorkshire Dales including Swaledale and Arkengarthdale, Wensleydale and Coverdale, with the prominent Scots' Dyke and Scotch Corner along the centre. Teesdale lies to the north. It is larger than four of the English counties, such as Berkshire.
The history of this district in antiquity is not well known, but the closest important Roman settlement was at Catterick in what became known as Rheged, site of the Battle of Catterick. At the terminus of Scandinavian York, there was a local bout of rebellion in Stainmore, which resulted in the death of Eric Bloodaxe. The Scandinavian settlement of this area was eastwards from the Irish Sea with names such as Gilpatrick in Middleham and Thorfinn in Bedale occurring at the time of the Domesday Book. At the time of the Norman Conquest it was the Fee of Gillingshire, held by Edwin, Earl of Mercia.Gillingshire was made up of the Borough of Richmond and five wapentakes of Gilling West, Gilling East, Hang West, Hang East and Hallikeld. After the Harrying of the North, the land became capital of the Duchy of Brittany's Honour of Richmond (first as a barony, then a county and later a dukedom). The honour of Richmond was one of the three largest lordships created by William the Conqueror. He granted it to his cousin, Alan the Red, brother of the Duke of Brittany. Alan had other English estates and by the time that Domesday Book was compiled he was one of the richest and most powerful barons. He died in 1093 and was succeeded by two of his brothers in turn. The family held on to this estate until 1399. Work on the castle started in 1071 after the northern rebellions had died down.
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Ripon
Coordinates: 54°08′17″N 1°31′25″W / 54.13796°N 1.52365°W / 54.13796; -1.52365
Ripon is a cathedral city, market town and successor parish in the Borough of Harrogate, North Yorkshire, England, located at the confluence of two streams of the River Ure in the form of the Laver and Skell. The city is noted for its main feature the Ripon Cathedral which is architecturally significant, as well as the Ripon Racecourse and other features such as its market. The city itself is just over 1,300 years old.
The city was originally known as Inhrypum and was founded by Saint Wilfrid during the time of Angle kingdom Northumbria, a period during which it enjoyed prominence in terms of religious importance in Great Britain. After a period of Viking control, it passed to the Cerdic dynasty who unified England and then the Normans who destroyed much of the city. After a brief period of building projects under the Plantagenets, the city emerged with a prominent wool and cloth industry. Ripon became well known for its production of spurs during the 16th and 17th century, but would later remain largely unaffected by the Industrial Revolution.
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River Aire
The River Aire is a major river in Yorkshire, England, 71 miles (114 km) in length. Part of the river is canalised, and is known as the Aire and Calder Navigation.
The Aire rises at Malham Tarn, flowing underground to Aire Head, near Malham, in North Yorkshire, and then flows through Gargrave and Skipton. After Cononley, the river enters West Yorkshire where it passes through the former industrial areas of Keighley, Bingley, Saltaire and Shipley. It then passes through Leeds and on to the villages of Swillington and Woodlesford. At Castleford is the confluence of the Aire and Calder; just downstream of the confluence was the ford where the ancient British road, used by the Romans, crossed on its way north to York. The river re-enters North Yorkshire near Knottingley and in its lower reaches forms part of the boundary between North Yorkshire and the East Riding of Yorkshire.
The River Aire empties into the River Ouse at Airmyn, 'myn' being an old English word for 'river mouth'. The name possibly derived from Brythonic *Isara, meaning "strong river". The Aire could have been the winwœd or winwæd written about in Old English, from the Old English elements winnan or win ("strife", "fight") and wæd ("shallow water", "ford"), however others have proposed that it is actually the Went (also called the "wynt" in Old English) or the Cock Beck (see Battle of the Winwaed). Still others have claimed that it is actually the name of the battle and not the body of water itself.
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River Foss
The River Foss is an improved river in North Yorkshire, England, and a tributary of the River Ouse. It rises in the Foss Crooks woods near Oulston reservoir close to the village of Yearsley and runs south through the Vale of York to the Ouse. The name most likely comes from the Roman word Fossa, meaning ditch and is mentioned in the Domesday Book.
The responsibility for the management of the river's drainage area lies with the Foss Internal Drainage Board (IDB). It has responsibility for the area from Crayke to the pre-1991 city boundary of York covering 9,085 hectares and 162.54 km of waterways. The Foss IDB is itself part of the York Consortium of Drainage Boards that oversees 10 IDB's in the Yorkshire region.
The typical river level range at the Foss Barrier is between 5.05m and 7.90m. The highest river level recorded at this location was 10.20 metres and the river level reached 9.34 metres on 23 January 2008.
The source of this river is a spring situated in the Howardian Hills adjacent to, and flowing into, Oulston Reservoir near Newburgh Priory, 4 miles (6.5 km) north of Easingwold. From there to the Blue Bridge in York, where it joins the River Ouse, it is 19.5 miles (31 km) in length. For part of its way it runs close to the B1363 between Brandsby and Stillington. The river flows in a series of wide meanders in southerly direction for most of its course towards York. As of 2010 the river is only navigable for some 1.5 miles (2 km) upstream of Castle Mills Lock. The bridges by Peasholme Green and Foss Bank restrict the headroom to an air space of 2.4 metres.
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River Ribble
The River Ribble is a river that runs through North Yorkshire and Lancashire, in northern England. The river's drainage basin also includes parts of Greater Manchester around Wigan.
The Ribble begins at the confluence of the Gayle Beck and Cam Beck near the famous viaduct at Ribblehead, in the shadow of the Yorkshire three peaks.
It flows through Settle, Clitheroe, Ribchester and Preston, before emptying into the Irish Sea between Lytham St. Annes and Southport, a length of 75 miles (121 km).
The main tributaries of the Ribble are the Hodder and Calder which join the river near Great Mitton, the River Darwen which joins at Walton-le-Dale and the River Douglas which joins near Hesketh Bank.
The Ribble Way is a long-distance footpath which follows the river for much of its course. The Ribble marked the northernmost extent of the ancient kingdom of Mercia. At the time of the Domesday Book, the river formed the northern boundary of an area of land (known as Inter Ripam et Mersam) that was included in the Domesday information for Cheshire, though it was probably not formally part of the county of Cheshire.
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River Swale
The River Swale is a river in Yorkshire, England and a major tributary of the River Ure, which itself becomes the River Ouse, emptying into the North Sea via the Humber Estuary.
The name Swale is from the Anglo-Saxon word Sualuae meaning rapid and liable to deluge. Annual rainfall figures of 1800mm p.a. in the headwaters and 1300mm p.a. in the lower waters over a drop of 148m in 32 km, gives proof to its name. The river gives its name to the valley through which it flows, namely Swaledale.
The river and its valley are home to many types of flora and fauna typical to the Yorkshire Dales. Like similar rivers in the region, the river carves through several types of rock and has features typical of both river and glacial erosion. The River Swale has been a contributory factor in the settlements that have been recorded throughout its history. It has provided water to aid in the raising of crops and livestock, but also in the various mining activities that have occurred since Roman times and before.
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River Tees
The River Tees is in northern England. It rises on the eastern slope of Cross Fell in the North Pennines, and flows eastwards for 85 miles (137 km) to reach the North Sea between Hartlepool and Redcar near to Middlesbrough.
It drains an area of 708 square miles (1834 square km) and subsumes no important tributaries. Before the reorganization of the historic English counties, the river formed the boundary between County Durham and Yorkshire. In its lower reaches it now forms the boundary between the ceremonial counties of County Durham and North Yorkshire, while in the highest part of its course it forms the boundary between the historic counties of Westmorland and Durham. The head of the valley, whose upper portion is known as Teesdale, has a desolate grandeur, surrounded by hills, some exceeding 2500 feet (762 m), and bleak moorland. This area is part of the North Pennine Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty, recently designated a geological Europark, the first in the UK. In the headwaters is the Cow Green Reservoir constructed to store water to be released in dry conditions to supoport industrial need for water on Teesside.
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River Wharfe
The River Wharfe is a river in Yorkshire, England. For much of its length it is the county boundary between West Yorkshire and North Yorkshire. The name Wharfe is Celtic and means "twisting, winding".
The valley of the River Wharfe is known as Wharfedale. The river source is at Beckermonds, Langstrothdale in the Yorkshire Dales National Park and flows through Kettlewell, Grassington, Bolton Abbey, Addingham, Ilkley, Burley-in-Wharfedale, Otley, Wetherby and Tadcaster. It then flows into the River Ouse near Cawood. The section of the river from its source to around Addingham is known as Upper Wharfedale and has a very different character to the river downstream.
The river is approximately 97 km long before it joins the River Ouse. It is a public navigation from the weir at Tadcaster to its junction with the River Ouse near Cawood and tidal from Ulleskelf.
The river source is the confluence of Oughtershaw Beck and Green Field Beck in Langstrothdale near Beckermonds. It flows east and south east taking the flows from many small streams, whose sources are the shake holes from Yockenthwaite Moor on the north bank and Horse Head Moor on the south bank. After Hubberholme, the river flows south past Buckden and Starbotton and then south east past Kettlewell before flowing south again. Near Conistone are the gentle waterfalls of Scar Lash. Shortly before reaching Grassington, the river turns south east over Linton Falls. South of Appletreewick, the river flows south west for a short distance until it reaches Gill Beck and returns southward. To the north of Bolton Bridge, the river narrows and goes over waterfalls in an area known as The Strid. The river winds south and south east towards Ilkley where it heads east through Otley and Collingham. It briefly flows north to Wetherby before turning south and then south east past Ulleskelf to the confluence with the River Ouse.
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Ryedale
Coordinates: 54°08′20″N 0°47′24″W / 54.139°N 0.79°W / 54.139; -0.79
Ryedale is a non-metropolitan district of the shire county of North Yorkshire in England. Settlements include Helmsley, Kirkbymoorside, Malton, Norton-on-Derwent, Pickering, and Terrington.
The name refers to the River Rye and was previously used for the Ryedale wapentake of Yorkshire, that covered roughly the same area. The current district was formed on 1 April 1974, under the Local Government Act 1972, and was a merger of urban district of Norton and Norton Rural District, from the historic East Riding of Yorkshire, along with the urban districts of Malton and Pickering with Flaxton Rural District, Helmsley Rural District, Kirkbymoorside Rural District, Malton Rural District and Pickering Rural District, all from the North Riding of Yorkshire.
The district lost about half its population in 1996, when an expanded City of York became a unitary authority, specifically the parishes of Clifton Without, Earswick, Haxby, Heworth Without, Holtby, Huntington, Murton, New Earswick, Osbaldwick, Rawcliffe, Skelton, Stockton-on-the-Forest, Strensall, Towthorpe, and Wigginton According to the 2001 census these parishes combined had a population of 50,163, compared to the population of the rump Ryedale district of 50,872.
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Saltburn-by-the-Sea
Coordinates: 54°34′58″N 0°58′24″W / 54.5828°N 0.9732°W / 54.5828; -0.9732
Saltburn-by-the-Sea is a seaside resort in the unitary authority of Redcar and Cleveland and the ceremonial county of North Yorkshire, England. The town is around 12 miles (19 km) east of Middlesbrough, and had a population of 5,912 at the 2001 Census.
Old Saltburn is the original settlement, located in the seaside area of Saltburn Gill. Records are scarce on its origins, but it was centre of local sea smugglers, with Landlord John Andrew referred to as the "King of smugglers."
In the mid 18th century, the authors Laurence Sterne and John Hall-Stevenson enjoyed racing chariots on the sands at Saltburn. In 1856, the hamlet consisted of the Ship Inn and a row of houses, containing mainly farmers and fishermen.
The development of both Middlesbrough and Saltburn was driven by the discovery of iron stone in the Cleveland Hills, the monies of the Pease family of Darlington, and the development of two railways to extract the minerals.
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Selby
Coordinates: 53°46′54″N 1°04′13″W / 53.781789°N 1.070309°W / 53.781789; -1.070309
Selby is a town and civil parish in North Yorkshire, England. Situated 12 miles (19.3 km) south of the city of York, along the course of the River Ouse, Selby is the largest and, with a population of 13,012, most populous settlement of the wider Selby local government district.
Historically a part of the West Riding of Yorkshire, much of the wealth of the town was facilitated via Selby's position upon the banks of the River Ouse. In the past, Selby had a large shipbuilding industry and was an important port, for the most part due to the Selby Canal which brought trade from the city of Leeds.
The town’s origins date from the establishment of a Viking settlement on the banks of the River Ouse. Archaeological investigations in Selby have revealed extensive remains, including waterlogged deposits in the core of the town dating from the Roman period onwards. It is believed that Selby originated as a settlement called Seletun which was referred to in the Anglo Saxon Chronicle of AD 779.
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Selby (district)
Coordinates: 53°46′37″N 1°04′44″W / 53.777°N 1.079°W / 53.777; -1.079
Selby is a local government district of North Yorkshire, England. The local authority, Selby District Council, is based in the town of Selby and provides services to an area which includes Tadcaster and a host of villages.
The district was formed on 1 April 1974 by the merger of Selby Urban District, Selby Rural District and parts of Derwent Rural District, Hemsworth Rural District, Osgoldcross Rural District and Tadcaster Rural District. Of them, Derwent Rural District was in the historic East Riding of Yorkshire, but the rest were in the West Riding of Yorkshire.
On 1 April 1996, the parishes of Acaster Malbis, Askham Bryan, Askham Richard, Bishopthorpe, Copmanthorpe, Deighton, Dunnington, Elvington, Fulford, Heslington, Kexby, Naburn and Wheldrake were all transferred from the district to form part of the new City of York unitary authority. According to the 2001 census, those parishes had a population of 22,873.
Selby is twinned with Carentan in France and Filderstadt in Germany.
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Settle
Coordinates: 54°04′20″N 2°16′55″W / 54.07213°N 2.28189°W / 54.07213; -2.28189
Settle is a small market town and civil parish within the Craven district of North Yorkshire, England. Historically within the West Riding of Yorkshire, it is served by the Settle railway station, which is located near the town centre, and Giggleswick railway station which is a mile away. It is 29 miles (47 km) from Leeds Bradford Airport. The main road running through Settle is the B6480, which links to the A65, connecting Settle to Skipton and Kendal. The town has a population of 2,421 according to the 2001 Census.
Settle is thought to be of Anglian 7th century origins, its name being the Angle word for settlement. After the Harrying of the North between 1069 and 1071, the area was described in the Domesday Book as "waste". A market charter was granted to Henry de Percy (1228–1272) by Henry III in 1249. A market square developed and the main route through the medieval town was aligned on an east-west direction, from what is now Albert Hill down Victoria Street, High Street and Cheapside and on through Kirkgate. This led to Giggleswick, important because it was here that citizens had to go to attend the parish church. The first bridge over the River Ribble was mentioned in 1498.
wn.com/Settle -
Sheffield
Sheffield
i/ˈʃɛfiːld/ is a city and metropolitan borough of South Yorkshire, England. Its name derives from the River Sheaf, which runs through the city. Historically a part of the West Riding of Yorkshire, and with some of its southern suburbs annexed from Derbyshire, the city has grown from its largely industrial roots to encompass a wider economic base. The population of the City of Sheffield is 555,500 (2010 est.) and it is one of the eight largest regional English cities that make up the English Core Cities Group.
During the 19th century, Sheffield gained an international reputation for steel production. Many innovations were developed locally, including crucible and stainless steel, fuelling an almost tenfold increase in the population during the Industrial Revolution. Sheffield received its municipal charter in 1843, becoming the City of Sheffield in 1893. International competition in iron and steel caused a decline in traditional local industries during the 1970s and 1980s, coinciding with the collapse of coal mining in the area.
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Skelton, York
Coordinates: 53°59′52″N 1°07′55″W / 53.99780°N 1.13198°W / 53.99780; -1.13198
Skelton is a village and civil parish in the unitary authority of the City of York, in North Yorkshire England. It is 4 miles (6.4 km) northwest of the city of York, west of Haxby, and on the east bank of the River Ouse. Skelton was in the ancient royal Forest of Galtres and covers 977.3 hectares (3.77 square miles). Skelton was made a conservation area in 1973.
The village name probably began as the Anglo-Saxon ‘Shelfton’ – ‘the settlement on high ground’– becoming the present ‘Skelton’ under the invading Danes. The village, along with nearby Overton, is mentioned in the Domesday Book.
According to the 2001 census the parish had a population of 1,640. Prior to 1996 it had been part of the Ryedale district.
Skelton is mentioned in the Domesday Book, but its name indicates Anglo-Saxon and Danish influences.
Skelton Grange which was built by the Place family originally in 18th century and rebuilt after fire in 1866. 'The Grange' was finally sold in 1981 due to a lack of funds for upkeep. It was demolished by a local property developer for a large housing development on the site.
wn.com/Skelton,_York -
Skelton-in-Cleveland
Coordinates: 54°33′43″N 0°59′15″W / 54.5619°N 0.9874°W / 54.5619; -0.9874
Skelton-in-Cleveland is a small town in the civil parish of Skelton and Brotton in the unitary authority of Redcar and Cleveland and the ceremonial county of North Yorkshire in the North East of England. It is situated at the foot of the Cleveland Hills and about 10 miles (16 km) east of Middlesbrough. Skelton is made up of North Skelton, Skelton Green, Old Skelton and New Skelton. The first real mention of Skelton is in the Domesday Book, which talks about taxes collected. Skelton Castle was built in 12th century by the de Brus (Bruce) family. The population of Skelton-in-Cleveland is 6396 (2001 census).
wn.com/Skelton-in-Cleveland -
Skipton
Coordinates: 53°57′43″N 2°01′01″W / 53.962°N 2.017°W / 53.962; -2.017
Skipton (also known as Skipton-in-Craven) is a market town and civil parish within the Craven district of North Yorkshire, England. It is located along the course of both the Leeds and Liverpool Canal and the River Aire, on the south side of the Yorkshire Dales, 16 miles (26 km) northwest of Bradford and 38 miles (61 km) west of York. At the time of the United Kingdom Census 2001, Skipton had a population of 14,313.
Historically a part of the West Riding of Yorkshire, Skipton was anciently distinguished by Skipton Castle, first constructed in 1090 as a wooden motte-and-bailey by Robert de Romille, a Norman baron. In the 12th century William le Gros replaced it with a stone keep as a means to repel attacks from the Kingdom of Scotland to the north,[citation needed] the erection of which elevated Skipton from a poor dependent village to a burgh administered by a reve. The protection offered by Skipton Castle during the Middle Ages encouraged the urbanisation of the surrounding area, and during times of war and disorder, attracted an influx of families.
wn.com/Skipton -
South Yorkshire
South Yorkshire is a metropolitan county in the Yorkshire and the Humber region of England. It has a population of 1.29 million. It consists of four metropolitan boroughs: Barnsley, Doncaster, Rotherham, and City of Sheffield. South Yorkshire was created on 1 April 1974 as a result of the Local Government Act 1972.
Lying on the east side of the Pennines, South Yorkshire is landlocked, and borders Derbyshire (to the south-west), West Yorkshire (to the northwest), North Yorkshire (to the north), the East Riding of Yorkshire (to the northeast), Lincolnshire (to the east) and Nottinghamshire (to the southeast). The Sheffield Urban Area is the ninth most populous conurbation in the UK, and dominates the western half of South Yorkshire with over half of the county's population living within it.
South Yorkshire County Council was abolished in 1986, and so its districts (the metropolitan boroughs) are now effectively unitary authority areas; however, the metropolitan county, which is some 1,552 square kilometres (599 sq mi), continues to exist in law and as a geographic frame of reference. As a ceremonial county, South Yorkshire has a Lord Lieutenant and a High Sheriff.
wn.com/South_Yorkshire -
Stokesley
Coordinates: 54°28′16″N 1°11′26″W / 54.4712°N 1.1905°W / 54.4712; -1.1905
Stokesley is a small market town and civil parish in the Hambleton district of North Yorkshire, England. It lies on the River Leven. Stokesley is located about two miles south of the boundary of the borough of Middlesbrough and ten miles south of Middlesbrough town centre. Stokesley is located between Middlesbrough, Guisborough and Northallerton, in a farming area. Local attractions for visitors include nearby Great Ayton, Captain Cook's monument, Roseberry Topping and the North York Moors.
Stokesley was first granted a charter to hold fairs in 1223 by Henry III. The Pack Horse Bridge, crossing the River Leven from the riverside walk, dates from the 17th century. Renowned for its large range of building types, the latter construction within Stokesley of sundry fine Georgian architecture is thought to have contributed much to its later character. Other prominent historical features around the town include the Mill Wheel, thought to represent the site of a mill recorded in the Domesday Book of 1086. The famous survey, by William the Conqueror, also contained the first written record of "a church and priest" in Stokesley. Its equivalent today, The Church of St Peter and St Paul, is located just off the market Plain and has woodwork carved by the Mouseman of Kilburn.
wn.com/Stokesley -
Strensall
Coordinates: 54°02′24″N 1°02′04″W / 54.04006°N 1.03436°W / 54.04006; -1.03436
Strensall is a village and civil parish in the unitary authority of the City of York in North Yorkshire, England, on the River Foss north of York and north-east of Haxby. Prior to 1996 it had been part of the Ryedale district. It covers an area of 2,908 acres.
The nearby Strensall Common is a Special Area of Conservation, an example of lowland heathland habitat covering over 5 km². Strensall also has an army firing range and training area both of which belong to the Ministry of Defence.
Strensall is referred to in the Domesday Book as Streonaeshalch, after Streona, a personal name, and halch, a corner of land. The name has alterd through the centuries from Strenshale in the 11th century, to Stranessale in the 14th century and to Strencile or Strencham alias Trencham in the 17th century.
It has belonged to the Archbishops of York since before 1214, apart from a short period in 1547 when it was briefly held by Duke of Somerset and Lord Wharton. During the reign of Edward the Confessor the manor and land belonged to a couple of Saxon lords known as Sasford and Turchil
wn.com/Strensall -
Terrington
Coordinates: 54°07′41″N 0°58′26″W / 54.128°N 0.974°W / 54.128; -0.974
Terrington is a large village and civil parish in the Ryedale district of North Yorkshire, England. It is situated in the Howardian Hills, 4 miles (6.4 km) west of Malton. At the 2001 census it had a population of 520.
The focal point of Terrington is the Church of All Saints, perched a little above the village street. It looks along the Howardian ridge eastwards towards Castle Howard and Malton, west along the old ridge road towards Easingwold, north to the Vale of Pickering and south, beyond Sheriff Hutton, to York. A short distance away are the three Thorpes, which started as Anglo Saxon settlements looking towards Terrington village. Ganthorpe, now a hamlet, was once the centre of a bigger farming community. Mowthorpe has been a backwater, even in this parish, for four hundred years. Wiganthorpe, once a great Estate, pulling the community toward it in the way that Castle Howard still does in the other direction, now has just a remnant of the old Hall, a farm and a few houses.
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Thirsk
Coordinates: 54°13′57″N 1°20′35″W / 54.23256°N 1.34293°W / 54.23256; -1.34293
Thirsk is a small market town and civil parish in the Hambleton district of North Yorkshire, England. The parish has a population of 4,703 according to the 2001 Census. Thirsk is a popular tourist destination, known for the Thirsk Racecourse, the North York Moors, and as the home of author James Herriot.
The town is mentioned in the Domesday Book of 1089 as Tresche, derived from the Viking (Old Norse) word þresk = "marsh". It is surrounded by a number of villages also having names of Danish origin, such as Thirlby, Boltby, Borrowby and Sowerby (the -by suffix (Danish in origin) meaning village or farmstead).
Thomas Lord, who founded Lord's Cricket Ground in London, was born in a house which now houses the Thirsk Museum. Another local attraction is the Kilburn White Horse, a chalk horse carved into the hillside about four miles (6 km) east of the town in 1857.
Thirsk's chief modern claim to fame is as the home of the veterinary surgeon and author James Herriot, although it was renamed "Darrowby" in the books. The veterinary practice at 23 Kirkgate, in which he was a partner along with Donald Sinclair (Siegfried Farnon in the books) now houses a museum dedicated to his life and works, The World of James Herriot.
wn.com/Thirsk -
Thornaby-on-Tees
Coordinates: 54°33′20″N 1°18′18″W / 54.5556°N 1.3049°W / 54.5556; -1.3049
Thornaby-on-Tees is a town and civil parish within the Borough of Stockton-on-Tees, in the ceremonial county of North Yorkshire, England. It is on the south bank of the River Tees, three miles (5 km) southeast of Stockton-on-Tees, and four miles (7 km) southwest of Middlesbrough town centre and has a population of 22,620.
Thornaby is said to have come into existence about 800 AD when the land was given by Halfdene (Halfdan Ragnarsson), King of the Danes, to Thormod, one of his noblemen, hence "Thormods-by" - Thormod's farmstead. Although the -by suffix originally meant a farmstead, many of these grew into villages, taking the -by suffix with them in their names as with other villages in the area such as Danby, Faceby, Ingleby, Maltby and Ormesby.
There are other signs of Thornaby being a much older settlement. Traces of prehistoric man have been found, the earliest being a stone axe, 8 inches long, dating back to the Mesolithic Period (about 3000 BC). In 1926 a dugout canoe said to date from about 1600 – 1400 BC was found in the mud under 8 feet (2.4 m) of water opposite Thornaby High Wood. An arrowhead of the Neolithic Period (about 3000 BC) was found in a garden on Thornaby Village Green.
wn.com/Thornaby-on-Tees -
Towthorpe, York
Coordinates: 54°01′07″N 1°01′56″W / 54.018610°N 1.032340°W / 54.018610; -1.032340
Towthorpe is a village and civil parish in the unitary authority of the City of York in North Yorkshire, England. It lies between Huntington and Strensall about 5 miles (8.0 km) north of York.
According to the 2001 census the parish had a population of 1,967. Prior to 1996 it had been part of the Ryedale district.
wn.com/Towthorpe,_York -
United Kingdom
The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (commonly known as the United Kingdom, the UK, or Britain) is a sovereign state located off the north-western coast of continental Europe. The country includes the island of Great Britain, the north-eastern part of the island of Ireland and many smaller islands. Northern Ireland is the only part of the UK that shares a land border with another sovereign state—the Republic of Ireland. Apart from this land border the UK is surrounded by the Atlantic Ocean, the North Sea, the English Channel and the Irish Sea.
The United Kingdom is a unitary state governed under a constitutional monarchy and a parliamentary system, with its seat of government in the capital city of London. It is a country in its own right and consists of four countries: England, Northern Ireland, Scotland and Wales. There are three devolved administrations, each with varying powers, based in Belfast, Edinburgh and Cardiff, the capitals of Northern Ireland, Scotland, and Wales. Associated with the UK, but not constitutionally part of it, are three Crown Dependencies. The United Kingdom has fourteen overseas territories. These are remnants of the British Empire which, at its height in 1922, encompassed almost a quarter of the world's land surface and was the largest empire in history. British influence can still be observed in the language, culture and legal systems of many of its former territories.
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West Yorkshire
West Yorkshire is a metropolitan county within the Yorkshire and the Humber region of England with a population of 2.2 million. West Yorkshire came into existence as a metropolitan county in 1974 after the passage of the Local Government Act 1972.
West Yorkshire, which is landlocked, consists of five metropolitan boroughs (City of Bradford, Calderdale, Kirklees, City of Leeds and City of Wakefield) and shares borders with the counties of Derbyshire (to the south), Greater Manchester (to the south-west), Lancashire (to the north-west), North Yorkshire (to the north and east) and South Yorkshire (to the south-east).
West Yorkshire County Council was abolished in 1986, and so its districts (the metropolitan boroughs) are now effectively unitary authorities. However, the metropolitan county, which covers an area of 2,029 square kilometres (783 sq mi), continues to exist in law, and as a geographic frame of reference.
West Yorkshire encompasses the West Yorkshire Urban Area, which is the most built-up and biggest urban area within the historic county boundaries of Yorkshire.
wn.com/West_Yorkshire -
Yarm
Coordinates: 54°30′18″N 1°20′53″W / 54.505°N 1.348°W / 54.505; -1.348
Yarm is a small town and civil parish in the borough of Stockton-on-Tees in North East England. It is on the south bank of the River Tees and for ceremonial purposes is in the county of North Yorkshire. The bridge at Yarm marked the furthest reach of tidal flow up the River Tees until the opening, in 1995, of the Tees Barrage, which now regulates river flow above Stockton. As the last bridge on the river before the sea, it was superseded by the a new toll bridge opened in Stockton in 1771. The oldest part of the town, around the High Street, is situated in a loop of the river and the newer parts of the town extend to the point where the River Leven meets the River Tees.
The name of the town is thought to be derived from the Old Norse word yarum meaning an enclosure to catch fish or from the Old English gearum with the same meaning. Yarm was first mentioned in the Domesday Book of 1086 and was originally a chapelry in the Kirklevington parish in the North Riding of Yorkshire; it later became a parish in its own right.
wn.com/Yarm -
York
York (locali/ˈjɔːk/) is a walled city, situated at the confluence of the Rivers Ouse and Foss in North Yorkshire, England. The city has a rich heritage and has provided the backdrop to major political events throughout much of its two millennia of existence. The city offers a wealth of historic attractions, of which York Minster is the most prominent, and a variety of cultural and sporting activities.
The city was founded by the Romans in 71 AD, under the name of Eboracum. It became in turn the capital of the Roman province of Britannia Inferior, and of the kingdoms of Northumbria and Jorvik. In the Middle Ages, York grew as a major wool trading centre and became the capital of the northern ecclesiastical province of the Church of England, a role it has retained.
In the 19th century York became a hub of the railway network and a confectionery manufacturing centre. In recent decades, the economy of York has moved from being dominated by its confectionery and railway-related industries to one that provides services. The University of York and health services have become major employers, whilst tourism has become an important element of the local economy.
wn.com/York -
Yorkshire
Yorkshire (/ˈjɔːkʃə/) is a historic county of Northern England and the largest in the United Kingdom. Due to its great size in comparison to other English counties, functions have been increasingly undertaken over time by its subdivisions, which have also been subject to periodic reform. Throughout these changes, Yorkshire has continued to be recognised as a geographical territory and cultural region. The name is familiar and well understood across the United Kingdom and is in common use in the media and the military, and also features in the titles of current areas of civil administration, such as North Yorkshire, South Yorkshire, West Yorkshire and East Riding of Yorkshire. The county's name is commonly abbreviated as Yorks.
Within the borders of the historic county of Yorkshire are areas which are widely considered to be among the greenest in England, due to the vast stretches of unspoiled countryside in the Yorkshire Dales and North York Moors and to the open aspect of some of the major cities. Yorkshire has sometimes been nicknamed God's Own County. The emblem of Yorkshire is the white rose of the English royal House of York, and the most commonly used flag representative of Yorkshire is the White Rose on a dark blue background, which after years of use, was recognised by the Flag Institute on 29 July 2008.Yorkshire Day, held on 1 August, is a celebration of the general culture of Yorkshire, ranging from its history to its own dialect.
wn.com/Yorkshire
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Anne McIntosh
Anne Caroline Ballingall McIntosh (born 20 September 1954) is a Conservative Party politician in the United Kingdom. She is the Member of Parliament (MP) for the Thirsk and Malton constituency, having previously been MP for Vale of York from 1997 to 2010, and a Member of the European Parliament (MEP) from 1989 to 1999.
Born in Edinburgh, the daughter of a Scottish doctor father and Danish mother, Anne McIntosh was educated at the Harrogate Ladies College in North Yorkshire and at the University of Edinburgh where she was a law graduate in 1977, gaining an LLB. She also studied at the University of Aarhus in the Jutland region of Denmark.
In 1978, she became a trainee at the European Community (EEC) Competition Directorate, before joining Didier and Associates in Brussels in 1979 as a legal advisor. She trained for the Scottish Bar in Edinburgh from 1980, being admitted to the Faculty of Advocates in June 1982. She worked as an advocate with the Community Law Office in Brussels, before becoming a political advisor to the European Democrats group in the European Parliament in 1983 until 1989.
wn.com/Anne_McIntosh -
Georgia Horsley
Georgia Faye Horsley (born 6 December 1986 in North Yorkshire, England) won the Miss England 2007 title and the opportunity to represent England in the Miss World 2007 pageant which was held in Sanya, China on 1 December that year.
Horsley hails from Malton, North Yorkshire and has been working as a model and florist. She has 10 GCSEs, an A Level in Art, two AS Levels in Geography and Sociology, a diploma in Anatomy and Physiology, and a Red Cross Therapeutic care course qualification. Horsley's aim was to pursue a career as a media make-up artist and she was due to start a degree in design and media make-up at university before she won the title of Miss England.
Horsley has her success at one of the fast track events held during the pageant when she was one of the top 18 semifinalists of the Miss World Talent. In spite of being one of the early favourites of the contest, she failed to secure a place in the top 16 on the final night.
It was reported internationally when the representatives of the Miss England pageant committee asked her to "fatten up" in order to get a more "womanly figure" and to help end anorexia among models. She was even featured on the American television network NBC's Today show for this issue.
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Redcar
Coordinates: 54°37′07″N 1°04′07″W / 54.61856°N 1.06856°W / 54.61856; -1.06856
Redcar is a seaside resort in the north east of England, and a major town in the unitary authority of Redcar and Cleveland in the ceremonial county of North Yorkshire. It lies 7.5 miles (12.1 km) east-northeast of Middlesbrough by the North Sea coast. The combined population of the wards of Coatham, Dormanstown, Kirkleatham, Newcomen, West Dyke and Zetland was 36,610 in the 2001 census.
Redcar originated as a fishing town in the early 14th century, trading with the larger adjacent market town of Coatham. Until the mid 19th century it was a sub-parish of the village of Marske-by-the-Sea, when Redcar emerged as a seaside tourist destination. With the opening of the Middlesbrough to Redcar Railway in 1846, Redcar became a resort for Victorian tourists.
Redcar means "(place by the) red marsh" from the Old English rēad "red" and Old Scandinavian kjarr. However the first part of the name could also represent OE hrēod, (reed), giving a sense "reedy marshland", referring to the low lying land by the sea on which Redcar lies. Redcar originated as a fishing town in the 14th century, trading with the larger adjacent market town of Coatham. Until the mid 19th century it was a sub-parish of the local village of Marske-by-the-Sea (mentioned in the Domesday book).
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Ryedale Copper Penny Sorter
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 0:35
- Updated: 11 Jul 2012
The machine sorts 18000 pennies per hour and the pennies in circulation are about a fifth copper, which are worth three times their face value. After sorting all of my pennies, my Ryedale copper penny sorter is now for sale. Write to me, buy it, and begin profiting from the dollar's collapse.
http://wn.com/Ryedale_Copper_Penny_Sorter
The machine sorts 18000 pennies per hour and the pennies in circulation are about a fifth copper, which are worth three times their face value. After sorting all of my pennies, my Ryedale copper penny sorter is now for sale. Write to me, buy it, and begin profiting from the dollar's collapse.
Ryedale Sniper Copper Silver Coin Sorter
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 1:44
- Updated: 29 Oct 2012
TreasureFinderMD.com Ryedale Sniper Copper Silver Coin Sorter We have moved to YouTube.com channel, and our website is GeoDetecting.com please check us out if you want to play our new Treasure Finder Game!!!???
http://wn.com/Ryedale_Sniper_Copper_Silver_Coin_Sorter
TreasureFinderMD.com Ryedale Sniper Copper Silver Coin Sorter We have moved to YouTube.com channel, and our website is GeoDetecting.com please check us out if you want to play our new Treasure Finder Game!!!???
- published: 17 Apr 2011
- views: 6825
- author: treasurefindermd
Ryedale Coin Penny Sorter
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 2:17
- Updated: 10 Nov 2012
This is the Coin Artis sorter/counter It sorts older copper pennies form the newer zinc ones. About 300 per min. check out my website www.ryedalecoin.com
http://wn.com/Ryedale_Coin_Penny_Sorter
This is the Coin Artis sorter/counter It sorts older copper pennies form the newer zinc ones. About 300 per min. check out my website www.ryedalecoin.com
- published: 29 Jan 2007
- views: 40279
- author: Ryedale
Unwrapping paper wrapped coin rolls. Ryedale Penny
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 2:28
- Updated: 13 Dec 2011
Unwrapping paper wrapped coin rolls how to Ryedale sorter cents
http://wn.com/Unwrapping_paper_wrapped_coin_rolls_Ryedale_Penny
Unwrapping paper wrapped coin rolls how to Ryedale sorter cents
- published: 18 Apr 2011
- views: 2747
- author: Ryedale
Ryedale Coin Apprentice penny sorter
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 1:05
- Updated: 29 Nov 2012
This is the less expensive penny sorter, it sorts old mostly copper coins from the newer zinc based ones. About 18000 per hr
http://wn.com/Ryedale_Coin_Apprentice_penny_sorter
This is the less expensive penny sorter, it sorts old mostly copper coins from the newer zinc based ones. About 18000 per hr
- published: 21 Jul 2007
- views: 22751
- author: Ryedale
Ryedale Traditional Plaster Craftsmen - Panelled Barrel Ceiling
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 4:41
- Updated: 08 Dec 2012
Following the team of master craftsmen at RyedalePlasterers.co.uk as they hand craft and mould the plaster elements that will eventually go together to form an elaborate but beautifully ornate traditional plaster ceiling finish. Border coving and up lighting still to come.
http://wn.com/Ryedale_Traditional_Plaster_Craftsmen_Panelled_Barrel_Ceiling
Following the team of master craftsmen at RyedalePlasterers.co.uk as they hand craft and mould the plaster elements that will eventually go together to form an elaborate but beautifully ornate traditional plaster ceiling finish. Border coving and up lighting still to come.
- published: 18 Feb 2010
- views: 136137
- author: broadbend
Corbel Mould Reconstruction - Ryedale Plasterers Limited [UK]
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 5:15
- Updated: 28 Nov 2012
Plaster Corbal Restoration - Featuring Ben Lockhart - Ornamental Plasterer and Sculptor at Ryedale Plasterers Limited An old corbel carefully removed from a Victorian property, steam cleaned to remove paint , Repaired and made good for remoulding in the workshop. Repairs made in casting plaster. Silicone rubber mould.
http://wn.com/Corbel_Mould_Reconstruction_Ryedale_Plasterers_Limited_UK_
Plaster Corbal Restoration - Featuring Ben Lockhart - Ornamental Plasterer and Sculptor at Ryedale Plasterers Limited An old corbel carefully removed from a Victorian property, steam cleaned to remove paint , Repaired and made good for remoulding in the workshop. Repairs made in casting plaster. Silicone rubber mould.
- published: 07 May 2011
- views: 4560
- author: RyedalePlasterers
Ryedale Rally 2011 Invite
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 2:10
- Updated: 19 Oct 2012
The Yorkshire Enduro Club announce the dates for the 2011 Ryedale Rally and invite European riders to enter. The 2 day event is aimed at big trail bikes like HP2, BMW GS, Super Tenere, XR650, Africa Twin, KTM Adventure and dakar bikes. Classics and twinshock bikes are welcome too. The course runs through forests and across moors and uses public road to link. It is easy for an enduro rider but challenging for a trail rider. There is camping and catering at the start area and loads of accommodation nearby. The countryside is beautiful - and the sun always shines (well almost always).
http://wn.com/Ryedale_Rally_2011_Invite
The Yorkshire Enduro Club announce the dates for the 2011 Ryedale Rally and invite European riders to enter. The 2 day event is aimed at big trail bikes like HP2, BMW GS, Super Tenere, XR650, Africa Twin, KTM Adventure and dakar bikes. Classics and twinshock bikes are welcome too. The course runs through forests and across moors and uses public road to link. It is easy for an enduro rider but challenging for a trail rider. There is camping and catering at the start area and loads of accommodation nearby. The countryside is beautiful - and the sun always shines (well almost always).
- published: 20 Nov 2010
- views: 6035
- author: dvdwanless
The Ryedale Rally 2009
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 9:51
- Updated: 02 Jun 2012
The Ryedale Rally 2009. A two-day rally event for bikes (and riders) of all shapes and sizes, held in scenic North Yorkshire. Run by the Yorkshire Enduro Club under the auspices of the North of England Enduro Championship - see www.enduro-neec.org.uk
http://wn.com/The_Ryedale_Rally_2009
The Ryedale Rally 2009. A two-day rally event for bikes (and riders) of all shapes and sizes, held in scenic North Yorkshire. Run by the Yorkshire Enduro Club under the auspices of the North of England Enduro Championship - see www.enduro-neec.org.uk
- published: 07 Jul 2009
- views: 5306
- author: nargle19
Ryedale Ratters 1
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 2:37
- Updated: 12 Oct 2012
Baxtons 04 Nov 07, 24 out of one hole from a 108 day
http://wn.com/Ryedale_Ratters_1
Baxtons 04 Nov 07, 24 out of one hole from a 108 day
- published: 10 Nov 2007
- views: 34373
- author: fridaytetley
Rope Making at Ryedale Folk Museum
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:42
- Updated: 06 Dec 2012
An original Rope making device in use at Ryedale Folk Museum. Visitors are welcome to come and make their very own rope. www.ryedalefolkmuseum.blogspot.com
http://wn.com/Rope_Making_at_Ryedale_Folk_Museum
An original Rope making device in use at Ryedale Folk Museum. Visitors are welcome to come and make their very own rope. www.ryedalefolkmuseum.blogspot.com
- published: 07 Jul 2010
- views: 25082
- author: ryedalehistorian
The Ryedale Rally 2011 - day 1
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 9:51
- Updated: 10 Aug 2012
Scenes from day 1 of the 2011 Ryedale Rally. An enjoyable 2 days of varied riding in scenic (and showery and breezy) North Yorkshire for bikes and riders of all shapes and sizes. Organised by Yorkshire Enduro Club; part of the North of England Enduro Championship. For pictures, report and results, go to: www.enduro-neec.org.uk
http://wn.com/The_Ryedale_Rally_2011_day_1
Scenes from day 1 of the 2011 Ryedale Rally. An enjoyable 2 days of varied riding in scenic (and showery and breezy) North Yorkshire for bikes and riders of all shapes and sizes. Organised by Yorkshire Enduro Club; part of the North of England Enduro Championship. For pictures, report and results, go to: www.enduro-neec.org.uk
- published: 16 Jul 2011
- views: 3068
- author: nargle19
The Ryedale Rally 2010 - Day 2
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 10:00
- Updated: 02 Jun 2012
Scenes from the first day of the 2010 Ryedale Rally. A two-day rally event for bikes (and riders) of all shapes and sizes, held in scenic North Yorkshire. Run by the Yorkshire Enduro Club under the auspices of the North of England Enduro Championship - see www.enduro-neec.org.uk
http://wn.com/The_Ryedale_Rally_2010_Day_2
Scenes from the first day of the 2010 Ryedale Rally. A two-day rally event for bikes (and riders) of all shapes and sizes, held in scenic North Yorkshire. Run by the Yorkshire Enduro Club under the auspices of the North of England Enduro Championship - see www.enduro-neec.org.uk
- published: 09 Jul 2010
- views: 2776
- author: nargle19
The Ryedale Rally 2010 - Day 1
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 9:52
- Updated: 02 Jun 2012
Scenes from the first day of the 2010 Ryedale Rally. A two-day rally event for bikes (and riders) of all shapes and sizes, held in scenic North Yorkshire. Run by the Yorkshire Enduro Club under the auspices of the North of England Enduro Championship - see www.enduro-neec.org.uk
http://wn.com/The_Ryedale_Rally_2010_Day_1
Scenes from the first day of the 2010 Ryedale Rally. A two-day rally event for bikes (and riders) of all shapes and sizes, held in scenic North Yorkshire. Run by the Yorkshire Enduro Club under the auspices of the North of England Enduro Championship - see www.enduro-neec.org.uk
- published: 08 Jul 2010
- views: 3419
- author: nargle19
The Ryedale Rally 2011 - day 2
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 10:04
- Updated: 04 Jul 2012
Scenes from day 2 of the 2011 Ryedale Rally. An enjoyable 2 days of varied riding in scenic (and showery and breezy) North Yorkshire for bikes and riders of all shapes and sizes. Organised by Yorkshire Enduro Club; part of the North of England Enduro Championship. For pictures, report and results, go to: www.enduro-neec.org.uk
http://wn.com/The_Ryedale_Rally_2011_day_2
Scenes from day 2 of the 2011 Ryedale Rally. An enjoyable 2 days of varied riding in scenic (and showery and breezy) North Yorkshire for bikes and riders of all shapes and sizes. Organised by Yorkshire Enduro Club; part of the North of England Enduro Championship. For pictures, report and results, go to: www.enduro-neec.org.uk
- published: 18 Jul 2011
- views: 2504
- author: nargle19
2007 Ryedale Grand Prix
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 9:35
- Updated: 16 Nov 2012
Coverage from Round 9 of the British Premier Calendar. Visit www.cycling.tv for extended highlights and coverage of many more great cycle races
http://wn.com/2007_Ryedale_Grand_Prix
Coverage from Round 9 of the British Premier Calendar. Visit www.cycling.tv for extended highlights and coverage of many more great cycle races
- published: 13 Nov 2007
- views: 2191
- author: wwwcyclingtv
![Plaster Cast Barrel Ceiling - Ryedale Plasterers Limited [UK]](http://web.archive.org./web/20121213165609im_/http://i.ytimg.com/vi/RDEDyhydybU/default.jpg "Plaster Cast Barrel Ceiling - Ryedale Plasterers Limited [UK]")
Plaster Cast Barrel Ceiling - Ryedale Plasterers Limited [UK]
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 4:41
- Updated: 26 Jul 2012
CREATING A BARREL CEILING Featuring Ryedale plasterers team of master craftsmen, Ben Lockhart, Mark McCorrie, Andrew Salter and John Powson. An original bespoke barrel ceiling, deigned created and installed by the team at Ryedale Plasterers Limited. Fibrous plaster tiles cast from a large silicone mould made in the workshop. Along with cornice and plaster strapping ran individually by hand. Later the pieces are arranged and installed to create the final ceiling
http://wn.com/Plaster_Cast_Barrel_Ceiling_Ryedale_Plasterers_Limited_UK_
CREATING A BARREL CEILING Featuring Ryedale plasterers team of master craftsmen, Ben Lockhart, Mark McCorrie, Andrew Salter and John Powson. An original bespoke barrel ceiling, deigned created and installed by the team at Ryedale Plasterers Limited. Fibrous plaster tiles cast from a large silicone mould made in the workshop. Along with cornice and plaster strapping ran individually by hand. Later the pieces are arranged and installed to create the final ceiling
- published: 05 May 2011
- views: 936
- author: RyedalePlasterers
![Plaster Cast Moulded Cornice by John Powson - Ryedale Plasterers Limited [UK]](http://web.archive.org./web/20121213165609im_/http://i.ytimg.com/vi/BPCBPcrQ-T8/default.jpg "Plaster Cast Moulded Cornice by John Powson - Ryedale Plasterers Limited [UK]")
Plaster Cast Moulded Cornice by John Powson - Ryedale Plasterers Limited [UK]
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 5:39
- Updated: 07 Oct 2012
John Powson of Ryedale Plasterers Limited talks us through the process of casting a reverse cast, fibrous plaster, cornice mould in the Ryedale Workshops, North Yorkshire, UK
http://wn.com/Plaster_Cast_Moulded_Cornice_by_John_Powson_Ryedale_Plasterers_Limited_UK_
John Powson of Ryedale Plasterers Limited talks us through the process of casting a reverse cast, fibrous plaster, cornice mould in the Ryedale Workshops, North Yorkshire, UK
- published: 26 Jul 2012
- views: 289
- author: RyedalePlasterers
Creating a Plaster Cast Dome and Pendentives - Ryedale Plasterers Limted
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 9:11
- Updated: 21 Nov 2012
Featuring part of Ryedale Plasterers team of master craftsmen, Ben Lockhart, Mark McCorrie and Andrew Salter Following the family run firm of traditional plaster craftsman, as they create and install a bespoke, pendentive dome consisting of skylight and circular cornice made from plaster. This short fly-on-the-wall film shows the making of the plaster cast dome, pendentives and plaster bench-run arches for a hallway in a country home in North Yorkshire [UK]. "Pendentives are triangular sections of a sphere used to transition from the flat surfaces of supporting walls to the round base of a dome" - read more about dome construction at www.enotes.com Vist www.ryedaleplasterers.co.uk for more information about the company and the plaster work services they offer in the UK. YouTube Video edited and published by www.edrichardson.co.uk Sound Track: The Blue - Bruce Bickerton - aka alucidnation.co.uk
http://wn.com/Creating_a_Plaster_Cast_Dome_and_Pendentives_Ryedale_Plasterers_Limted
Featuring part of Ryedale Plasterers team of master craftsmen, Ben Lockhart, Mark McCorrie and Andrew Salter Following the family run firm of traditional plaster craftsman, as they create and install a bespoke, pendentive dome consisting of skylight and circular cornice made from plaster. This short fly-on-the-wall film shows the making of the plaster cast dome, pendentives and plaster bench-run arches for a hallway in a country home in North Yorkshire [UK]. "Pendentives are triangular sections of a sphere used to transition from the flat surfaces of supporting walls to the round base of a dome" - read more about dome construction at www.enotes.com Vist www.ryedaleplasterers.co.uk for more information about the company and the plaster work services they offer in the UK. YouTube Video edited and published by www.edrichardson.co.uk Sound Track: The Blue - Bruce Bickerton - aka alucidnation.co.uk
- published: 26 Jul 2012
- views: 401
- author: RyedalePlasterers
Ryedale Penny machine
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 11:02
- Updated: 07 Dec 2012
Ryedale Penny Machine Review and sorting pennies as a hobby find the machine here www.ryedalecoin.com or their new site at www.pennysorter.com
http://wn.com/Ryedale_Penny_machine
Ryedale Penny Machine Review and sorting pennies as a hobby find the machine here www.ryedalecoin.com or their new site at www.pennysorter.com
- published: 11 Sep 2011
- views: 1833
- author: Nick Boyd
White Lion - new arrival at Ryedale Auctioneers
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:16
- Updated: 16 Nov 2012
A rare white lion, called Lucy, dating from around the 1920s and probably of South African origins will be the highlight of a taxidermy sale later in the year. In this film auctioneer Angus Ashworth introduces us to Lucy. For more videos like this visit: www.kirkbymoorside.info and www.ryedaleauctioneers.info
http://wn.com/White_Lion_new_arrival_at_Ryedale_Auctioneers
A rare white lion, called Lucy, dating from around the 1920s and probably of South African origins will be the highlight of a taxidermy sale later in the year. In this film auctioneer Angus Ashworth introduces us to Lucy. For more videos like this visit: www.kirkbymoorside.info and www.ryedaleauctioneers.info
- published: 05 Mar 2012
- views: 117
- author: Gareth Jenkins
Unpacking and setup of your new Ryedale Coin Sorting machine
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 4:26
- Updated: 24 Apr 2012
When you get your Ryedale Sorter, this is what you can expect to find in the box, A 4 minute video of arrival and setup. Special Thanks Kevin Lockhart and Bill Bosler for the music, which is on their album Waterbound "Kalamazoo Quick Step"
http://wn.com/Unpacking_and_setup_of_your_new_Ryedale_Coin_Sorting_machine
When you get your Ryedale Sorter, this is what you can expect to find in the box, A 4 minute video of arrival and setup. Special Thanks Kevin Lockhart and Bill Bosler for the music, which is on their album Waterbound "Kalamazoo Quick Step"
- published: 20 Apr 2011
- views: 2764
- author: Ryedale
photo: AP / Bullit Marquez
11 Dec 2012
The death toll brought about by typhoon “Pablo” continued to rise with 714 persons confirmed dead by the National Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Council (NDRRMC) yesterday while those missing ballooned to 890 as massive search, retrieval and relief operations continue in the typhoon-ravaged areas in Mindanao ... 4 ... They were subsequently brought to Caraga Regional Hospital ... (NHMFC) (P100,000) ... With AFP ....(size: 5.4Kb)
photo: USAF / Staff Sgt. Jonathan Lovelady
10 Dec 2012
Article by WN.com Correspondent Dallas Darling. In the desert of central Australia still resides a primitive tribe known as the Arunta. This non-technological and stateless group, which mainly depends on hunting and gathering, had suffered several inexplicable deaths ... Therefore, they organized an atinga, or revenge group ... When the guiltless tribe learned of their approach, they sent out a delegation of young women as a token of peace....(size: 5.8Kb)
photo: AP / Manu Brabo
13 Dec 2012
MOSCOW, December 13 (RIA Novosti) – Syrian rebels behind the kidnapping of Ukrainian journalist Ankhar Kochneva have released a video threatening more attacks on Russians and Ukrainians, as a deadline for her execution approaches on Thursday. Kochneva, a 40-year-old Ukrainian citizen, was abducted in October by Syrian rebels as she traveled to the city of Homs, and has been held there by them since, they claim ... ....(size: 2.1Kb)
photo: Russian Presidential Press and Information Office
12 Dec 2012
MOSCOW. Russia President Vladimir Putin on Wednesday denounced opponents who receive financial assistance from abroad and vowed that the country would not allow democracy to be imposed from the outside. Putin said in his first annual state-of-the-nation address since he returned to the Kremlin for a third term that it should be illegal for anyone who receives money from abroad to be a politician in Russia ... ....(size: 3.9Kb)
photo: AP / Ahn Young-joon
12 Dec 2012
North Korea defied international warnings and fired a long-range rocket on Wednesday, the second launch under its new leader and a clear sign Pyongyang is pushing forward with its quest to develop the technology needed to deliver a nuclear warhead ... But South Korea and Japan said they couldn’t immediately confirm that ... officials could determine whether a North Korean satellite was circling the Earth ... Kim said ... Keywords....(size: 2.7Kb)
York Press
13 Dec 2012
HERITAGE and design consultancy PLB has completed a design contract at the Charles Dickens Museum, which has been restored for the author’s bicentenary this year ... Jamie McCall, of PLB, said ... The book is currently housed at Castle Howard. ....(size: 1.3Kb)
York Press
13 Dec 2012
Dream Win, who bounced back to form with a 28-1 success at Wolverhampton ten days ago, returns to the same course tomorrow from his North Yorkshire base with an excellent chance of completing a quick double ... ....(size: 1.5Kb)
York Press
13 Dec 2012
York Press
13 Dec 2012
Louise Boddy with her lost rings which were found by York metal detector Jim Cooper. A RYEDALE woman has been reunited with two rings belonging to her late father after they were lost in fields four months ago ... “I was over the moon – I really thought I wouldn’t get them back,” she said ... ....(size: 1.7Kb)
York Press
13 Dec 2012
noodls
12 Dec 2012
(Source. Ryedale District Council). The Police and Crime Commissioner for North Yorkshire, Julia Mulligan will begin her community surgeries in Northallerton library next Tuesday between 4pm and 6pm ... ... distributed by. This noodl was issued by Ryedale District Council and was initially posted at www.ryedale.gov.uk ... (noodl. 16933885) ....(size: 2.2Kb)
York Press
12 Dec 2012
COUN Keith Knaggs is stepping down as leader of Ryedale District Council and of the controlling Conservative group after 17 years at the helm ... “That situation would not be in the best interests of the people of Ryedale ... ....(size: 1.4Kb)
York Press
12 Dec 2012
A call has been made to run trains from Malton station, above, to Pickering. THE reinstatement of a rail link which could see trains running from York through Ryedale to Whitby is now the centre of a petition. Reopening the link between Malton and Pickering has been mooted ever since the line was closed in 1965 ... ....(size: 1.7Kb)
York Press
12 Dec 2012
John Buffoni in the War Room at the Ryedale Group headquarters ... Ryedale Group Printing proclaims the sign, conjuring visions of wizened old men, barely eking a living by making wedding invitations during the twilight days of the printed word ... The Ryedale Group is the UK’s largest manufacturer of horticultural design, ......(size: 2.5Kb)
York Press
12 Dec 2012
Trading Standards, North Yorkshire Police, Ryedale District Councils Community Safety Team, North Yorkshire County Council youth support and professionals from the Cambridge Centre Drug and Alcohol Services took part in the Alcohol Respect Campaign in Malton Market Place on Saturday night....(size: 1.4Kb)
York Press
12 Dec 2012
A RALLYING call has gone out to the people of Ryedale to take part in a march on Saturday in protest at cuts in opening hours at Malton Hospital’s Minor Injury Unit (MIU) ... Thousands of readers have put their names to petitions, both through the Gazette & Herald and in shops and businesses across Ryedale ......(size: 2.3Kb)
York Press
12 Dec 2012
A RYEDALE technology company, which builds remotely operated submarines for underwater work for the oil and gas industry, has secured a ......(size: 0.7Kb)
York Press
12 Dec 2012
Officials at Ryedale District Council believe this would not only result in savings but would mean more “hits” in the number of people making inquiries and spending their money in the area ... ....(size: 1.4Kb)
For the constituency, see Ryedale (UK Parliament constituency).
Coordinates: 54°08′20″N 0°47′24″W / 54.139°N 0.79°W / 54.139; -0.79
| Ryedale District | |
|---|---|
| — District — | |
 |
|
| Sovereign state | United Kingdom |
| Constituent country | England |
| Region | Yorkshire and the Humber |
| Administrative county | North Yorkshire |
| Founded | |
| Admin. HQ | Malton |
| Government | |
| • Type | Ryedale District Council |
| • Leadership: | Alternative - Sec. 31 |
| • Executive: | Conservative |
| • MP: | Anne McIntosh |
| Area | |
| • Total | 582 sq mi (1,507 km2) |
| Area rank | 11th |
| Population (2010 est.) | |
| • Total | 53,600 |
| • Rank | Ranked 316th |
| • Density | 92/sq mi (36/km2) |
| Time zone | Greenwich Mean Time (UTC+0) |
| • Summer (DST) | British Summer Time (UTC+1) |
| Postcode | |
| ISO 3166-2 | |
| ONS code | 36UF |
| OS grid reference | |
| NUTS 3 | |
| Ethnicity | 99.4% White |
| Website | ryedale.gov.uk |
Ryedale is a non-metropolitan district of the shire county of North Yorkshire in England. Settlements include Helmsley, Kirkbymoorside, Malton, Norton-on-Derwent, Pickering, and Terrington.
Contents |
Derivation of name[link]
The name refers to the River Rye and was previously used for the Ryedale wapentake of Yorkshire, that covered roughly the same area. The current district was formed on 1 April 1974, under the Local Government Act 1972, and was a merger of urban district of Norton and Norton Rural District, from the historic East Riding of Yorkshire, along with the urban districts of Malton and Pickering with Flaxton Rural District, Helmsley Rural District, Kirkbymoorside Rural District, Malton Rural District and Pickering Rural District, all from the North Riding of Yorkshire.
York Unitary Authority[link]
The district lost about half its population in 1996, when an expanded City of York became a unitary authority, specifically the parishes of Clifton Without, Earswick, Haxby, Heworth Without, Holtby, Huntington, Murton, New Earswick, Osbaldwick, Rawcliffe, Skelton, Stockton-on-the-Forest, Strensall, Towthorpe, and Wigginton[1][2] According to the 2001 census these parishes combined had a population of 50,163, compared to the population of the rump Ryedale district of 50,872.
Notable residents[link]
- Georgia Horsley, Miss England 2007
- One Night Only, Indie-pop band
Demographics[link]
For all districts in the Yorkshire and the Humber region, Ryedale has the lowest rate of teenage pregnancy.
References[link]
- ^ http://www.parliament.the-stationery-office.co.uk/pa/cm199495/cmhansrd/1995-02-28/Debate-13.html www.parliament.the-stationery-office.co.uk
- ^ http://www.opsi.gov.uk/si/si1995/Uksi_19950610_en_2.htm#end opsi.gov.uk
External links[link]
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Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Ryedale |
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http://wn.com/Ryedale
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This page contains text from Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ryedale
This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, which means that you can copy and modify it as long as the entire work (including additions) remains under this license.
This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, which means that you can copy and modify it as long as the entire work (including additions) remains under this license.
This article is about the animal. For the Czech order, see Order of the White Lion. For the band, see White Lion. For lion hill figure, see Whipsnade Zoo.
The white lion is occasionally found in wildlife reserves in South Africa and is a rare colour mutation of the Kruger subspecies of lion (Panthera leo krugeri). It has been perpetuated by selective breeding in zoos around the world. White lions are not yet a separate subspecies and they have been said to be indigenous to the Timbavati region of South Africa for centuries, although the earliest recorded sighting in this region was 1938. Regarded as divine by locals,[1] white lions first came to public attention in the 1970s in Chris McBride's book The White Lions of Timbavati. Up until 2009, when the first pride of white lions was reintroduced to the wild, it was widely believed that the white lion could not survive in the wild. It is for this reason that, now, a large part of the population of white lions are in zoos. Another large part, however, are bred in camps, for canned hunting trophies.
It is hard to determine exactly how many white lions there are today, because they are held in captive breeding and hunting operations which don't keep adequate records. Based on available evidence, The Global White Lion Protection Trust estimate there are 500 White Lions world-wide.[2]
White lions are not albinos. Their white colour is caused by a recessive gene known as the chutiya or color inhibitor gene, distinct from the albinism gene. They vary from blonde through near-white. This coloration, however, does not appear to disadvantage their survival. The white lions of the Global White Lion Protection Trust (GWLPT) have been reintroduced into their natural habitat and have been hunting and breeding successfully without human intervention for a significant amount of time. White lions in South Africa are currently being bred almost exclusively for hunting, but Linda Tucker (the founder of GWLP] and author of The Mystery of the White Lions) and her team are trying to change the South African hunting laws.[clarification needed]
Contents |
Breeding white lions[link]
The chinchilla mutation, a recessive gene, gives white lions their unusual colors. A similar gene also produces white tigers. White lions can therefore be selectively bred for zoos, animal shows and wildlife park. Such breeding involves inbreeding of close relatives and can result in inbreeding depression (genetic defects, reduced fertility, and physical defects) although this has not yet been recorded in white lions in zoos as it has been in white tigers. According to Tucker, white lions in canned hunt camps have been found to have hind-limb paralysis and serious heart defects, indicating a severe level of inbreeding involved in mass-production although they are rare in the wild. People are concerned about the White Lions mating with other lions of other alleles, because of possible extinction of the white lion. However, this is not valid as the offspring will inherit the white gene and therefore make it possible to produce white offspring in a later generation. Some critics maintain that white lions should not be introduced in to the wild because of the inbreeding that has taken place over zoos and breeding camps. However, ethical reintroduction programs such as The Global White Lion Protection Trust have ensured through the use of scientific methodologies that the lions in their program are not inbred.
Kruger and Umfolozi white lions[link]
In 1979, three litters containing white lions were recorded in Kruger National Park. In March, a female lion with three white cubs was observed near Tshokwane. In September, three white cubs (from two different lionesses) were seen. Another litter of white female cubs was captured from Kruger National Park and treated for sarcoptic mange. A white lion was observed in the Hluhluwe-Umfolozi Game Reserve in Zululand.
White lions of unknown ancestry[link]
- A white lion breeding program is currently underway at Inkwenkwezi Private Game Reserve in South Africa's Eastern Cape province.
- Four white lion cubs were born at the Papanack Park Zoo outside Ottawa, but did not resub-adults have since been released into the main reserve with the other tawny lions. Queen has since given birth to a further 3 white lion cubs. Continuous monitoring by the Wildlife Department at Sanbona has ensured their white lions are still wild, well, and free.
Jurques Zoo in France[link]
In May 2007 four white lion cubs were born at Jurques Zoo in France. The cubs consisted of one male and three females. Each cub weighed approximately 1.5 kilograms (3.3 pounds) at birth, and all four were in good health. However, they needed to be hand fed because their mother was not taking proper care of them.
Belgrade Zoo in Serbia[link]
Belgrade zoo in Serbia has 12 white lions. In 2010 four were born by two female lions, each of weight about 1.5kg (3.3 pounds).[3] Four new white lions were born in April 2011.[4] The zoo was awarded in 2009 for its professional care for animals.
West Midland Safari Park[link]
In 2004 West Midland Safari Park had 4 white lions arrive at the park the only white lions in the UK and they settled into the Kingdom of the White Lion exhibit at the park very well, 4 years later one lioness had 4 cubs in the space of 9 hours, Doubling the total of the 4 to 8 in the UK. The pride at the Park in Worcestershire are they only pride of white lion in the UK and are breeding very well.
Genetics[link]
White lions are not albinos but are leucistic. They have pigment visible in the eyes (which may be the normal hazel or golden color, blue-gray, or green-gray), paw pads and lips. Blue-eyed white lions exist and may be selectively bred. The leucistic trait is due to the chinchilla mutation that inhibits the deposition of pigment along the hair shaft, restricting it to the tips. The less pigment there is along the hair shaft, the paler the lion. As a result "white" lions range from blonde through to near white. The males have pale manes and tail tips instead of the usual dark tawny or black. The Latin name of Panthera leo krugeri is not limited to white lions. It applies to all South African lion subspecies; the prides of which are mostly located in Kruger National Park and nearby game reserves.
White specimens usually have a yellowish-brown or golden eye color which is very similar to their tawny cousins, though some have bluish coloring like the white tiger.
Belgrade Zoo has become known as a center of natural reproduction of white lions. The first specimen arrived in 2005 and Belgrade became the first zoo in Europe to have the rare animals.[citation needed]
Six years later, the "Garden of Good Hope," boasts that in his area currently has ten white lions.[citation needed]
In the wild within their natural endemic range[link]
In 2003, the Global White Lion Protection Trust (WLT) initiated the first ever reintroduction of white lions to their natural endemic range - the Greater Timbavati region in South Africa. Preliminary results have shown that the hunting success of the white lion pride was comparable to or higher than the wild prides ('normal' coloured / tawny) of the Timbavati itself (Turner 2005, Turner in prep.). This pride of "all" white lions has shattered the misperception that white lions cannot hunt successfully (within their natural endemic habitat) due to a perceived lack of camouflage. The long-term objective of the WLT is to restore the natural balance by reintroducing an integrated pride/s of white and tawny lions within their endemic range. White lions are a unique contribution to the biodiversity of the region and are revered by the local communities that hold them sacred.[5]
See also[link]
References[link]
- ^ Limpopo celebrates white lion News24, 24 September 2009
- ^ Breaking News: First White Lions born to the project in their natural habitat, Global White Lion Protection Trust
- ^ Принове у београдском Зоо врту PTC, 14 August 2010
- ^ Bela lavica Maša omacila četiri prinove Blic Online, 21 April 2011
- ^ Tucker, Linda "Mystery of the White Lions - Children of the Sun God" 2003 Npenvu Press. ISBN 0-620-31409-5
- McBride, Chris "The White Lions of Timbavati" 1977 E. Stanton. ISBN 0-949997-32-3
- McBride, Chris "Operation White Lion" 1981 St Martin's Press. ISBN 0-312-58680-9
- Sanbona Wildlife Reserve
- Mutant Big Cats - Lions (with genealogy charts)
External links[link]
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Wikimedia Commons has media related to: White lions |
http://wn.com/White_lion
Related pages:
http://fr.wn.com/Lion blanc
http://pt.wn.com/Leão branco
http://it.wn.com/Leone bianco
http://es.wn.com/León blanco
This page contains text from Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/White_lion
This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, which means that you can copy and modify it as long as the entire work (including additions) remains under this license.
This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, which means that you can copy and modify it as long as the entire work (including additions) remains under this license.
