Branches of Mathematics

Pure mathematics

• Algebra
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• Dynamical systems and differential equations
• Mathematical physics
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• Game theory
• Operations research

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• Electromagnetic Spectrum
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• A530 road
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• 
  

• 
  A500 road
  The A500 is a major primary A road in Staffordshire and Cheshire, England. It is dual carriageway for most of its length and connects Nantwich, junctions 16 and 15 of the M6 motorway with the city of Stoke-on-Trent. Because its shape between the motorway junctions resembles that of a capital D, it is known locally as the D-Road (D is also the Roman numeral representing the number 500). In 2004 the road was stated as carrying 60,000 vehicles a day through Stoke.
  It was built to provide links between Stoke-on-Trent and the M6, before being extended to Nantwich. Construction has taken place over several stages, beginning in 1962, with the final section of the original route being completed similar to the original plans in 2006. As a trunk road it is maintained by the Highways Agency.
  By the 1960s, traffic congestion was a major problem in Stoke-on-Trent, and journeys across the area sometimes took hours. There was no connection from the newly constructed M6 to the city. Businesses in the area wanted an easier route to get their goods out of the area.
  
  wn.com/A500_road
• 
  A530 road
  The A530 road is a road linking the A525 east of Whitchurch, Shropshire, England with the A559 east of Northwich, in Cheshire. The road follows the route:
  The road is a non primary route, except between Middlewich and the A556, east-south-east of Northwich (Croxton Lane and King Street).
  The road is also one of the most dangerous roads in England regarding crashes (especially at the junctions at Wistaston Green Road and Colley's Lane) in Alvaston, Nantwich.
  Coordinates: 53°07′33″N 2°28′45″W / 53.12583°N 2.47905°W / 53.12583; -2.47905
  
  
  
  wn.com/A530_road
• 
  Alderley Edge
  Coordinates: 53°18′11″N 2°14′10″W / 53.303°N 2.236°W / 53.303; -2.236
  Alderley Edge is a village and civil parish within the unitary authority of Cheshire East and the ceremonial county of Cheshire, England. According to the 2001 census the parish had a population of 4,409.
  Alderley Edge lies some 5 miles (8 km) to the northwest of Macclesfield and 12 miles (19 km) south of Manchester. It is situated at the base of a steep and thickly wooded sandstone ridge - Alderley Edge, which is the area's chief topographical feature. Alderley Edge overlooks the Cheshire Plain.
  For the purposes of the Office for National Statistics Alderley Edge forms part of the Greater Manchester Urban Area.
  Alderley Edge, like its neighbour Wilmslow, is famous for its affluence and expensive houses. It has a selection of expensive designer shops, cafes and restaurants that attract people living the true "Cheshire lifestyle", such as the numerous Premiership footballers, WAGs, actors and multi-millionaire North-West business people that live in and around the Wilmslow area. It is one of the most expensive and sought-after places to live in the UK outside of central London.
  
  wn.com/Alderley_Edge
• Alpraham
  Alpraham is a village and civil parish in the unitary authority of Cheshire East and the ceremonial county of Cheshire, England. It is on the A51 road, between Nantwich and Chester, and is about seven miles north-west of Nantwich. The 2001 Census gave the parish's population as 373.
  Alpraham hosts the annual Point to point (steeplechase) for the Cheshire Hunt, normally a Saturday towards the end of March.
  Alpraham was recently involved in a dispute on whether the 'Bunbury' Locks (actually in Alpraham) should be renamed. After several petitions, it remains Bunbury Locks.
  The annual Alpraham village day held at the Alpraham Park is always well attended and attracted attention from several local magazines last year. Among the stalls is a cheese tasting stall and several stalls selling goods like mulled wine.
  Coordinates: 53°8′N 2°37′W / 53.133°N 2.617°W / 53.133; -2.617
  
  
  
  wn.com/Alpraham
• 
  Alsager
  Coordinates: 53°05′46″N 2°18′17″W / 53.096100°N 2.304790°W / 53.096100; -2.304790
  Alsager is a town and civil parish in the unitary authority of Cheshire East and the ceremonial county of Cheshire, England, to the north-west of the city of Stoke-on-Trent, and east of the railway town of Crewe. Alsager is twinned with Hankelow. The town has a population of 12,578, Going clockwise, starting from the north, the civil parish is bordered by the parishes of Betchton to the north, Church Lawton to the north-east and east, Kidsgrove in Staffordshire to the south-east, Audley Rural, in Staffordshire to the south, Barthomley to the south-west, Haslington to the west, and Hassall to the north-west.
  In the centre of Alsager is the lake, Alsager Mere. This isolated pool, once the focal point of the town, is only accessible by two fenced public viewing areas and by local residents who have gardens adjoining the waters.
  Alsager hosts an annual Summer Carnival.
  In 2007 Alsager was awarded Fairtrade Town status by the Fairtrade Foundation.
  
  wn.com/Alsager
• 
  Arclid
  Coordinates: 53°09′22″N 2°19′12″W / 53.156140°N 2.319984°W / 53.156140; -2.319984
  Arclid is a village and civil parish in the unitary authority of Cheshire East and the ceremonial county of Cheshire, England. It is about two miles east of Sandbach and five miles west of Congleton. The parish had a population of 199 according to the 2001 census.
  Media related to Arclid at Wikimedia Commons
  
  
  
  wn.com/Arclid
• Aston by Budworth
  Aston by Budworth is a civil parish in the unitary authority of Cheshire East and the ceremonial county of Cheshire, England. The main villages in the parish are Arley, which is the site of Arley Hall, and Bate Green. According to the 2001 census the parish had a population of 281.
  Media related to Aston by Budworth at Wikimedia Commons
  Coordinates: 53°18′N 2°28′W / 53.3°N 2.467°W / 53.3; -2.467
  
  
  
  wn.com/Aston_by_Budworth
• 
  Aston juxta Mondrum
  Aston juxta Mondrum is a village and civil parish in the unitary authority of Cheshire East and the ceremonial county of Cheshire, England. It is about four miles north of Nantwich. The civil parish also includes part of Worleston village.
  Worleston Dairy Institute was located in the civil parish, and received a royal visit from George V and Queen Mary in 1913. The institute closed in 1926.
  According to the 2001 Census the parish had a population of 133, in 55 households. The historical population figures were 111 (1801), 171 (1851), 194 (1901) and 141 (1951).
  The grade-II-listed St Oswald's Church, founded 1873, is in Worleston village. A major fire in 1997 damaged the roof, chancel and organ loft; the church has since been restored. St Oswald's has been administered since 1991 as a united benefice, the Cross Country Group of Parish Churches, with St Mary's, Acton, St Bartholomew's, Church Minshull, and St David's, Wettenhall. It falls into the rural deanery of Nantwich and the diocese of Chester. Since 2007, the vicar has been the Reverend Peter Lillicrap. A magazine, Cross Country, is circulated across all four churches.
  
  wn.com/Aston_juxta_Mondrum
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  Audlem
  Coordinates: 52°59′21″N 2°30′28″W / 52.989187°N 2.507862°W / 52.989187; -2.507862
  Audlem is a large village and civil parish located in the unitary authority of Cheshire East and the ceremonial county of Cheshire in the north west of England, approximately 11 km (6.8 mi) south of Nantwich. Close to the border with the neighbouring county of Shropshire, the village is eight miles (13 km) east of Whitchurch and seven miles (11 km) north of Market Drayton. According to the 2001 census, the population of the entire civil parish was 1,790.
  It is situated on the Shropshire Union Canal which has a run of 15 locks, designed by Thomas Telford, to raise the canal from the Cheshire Plain to the 93 feet (28 m) higher Shropshire Plain. The River Weaver passes west of the village. Audlem railway station closed along with the local railway line in the 1960s.
  Audlem was mentioned in the Domesday Book as Aldelime, and Edward I granted it a market charter in 1295.
  In 2005 it was voted Cheshire's 'Village of the Year' and the North of England 'Village of the Year' also the 'Most Vibrant Village in Cheshire'. After also winning the county's 'Building Community Life' award, Audlem went on to win England's 'Building Community Life' award. Audlem has clubs for tennis, badminton, football, cricket, golf, pigeon racing (or pigeon-fancying), caravanning and bowls. Cyclists meet informally at The Old Priest-House Cafe.
  
  wn.com/Audlem
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  Austerson
  Coordinates: 53°02′24″N 2°30′54″W / 53.040°N 2.515°W / 53.040; -2.515
  Austerson is a civil parish in the unitary authority of Cheshire East and the ceremonial county of Cheshire, England, lying immediately south of the town of Nantwich and north of the village of Audlem. Predominantly rural with scattered farms, the civil parish includes the small settlement of Old Hall Austerson at SJ656493, about two miles south of Nantwich centre. In 2001, the total population was a little under 150. Nearby villages include Broomhall Green, Hack Green, Hankelow, Sound Heath and Stapeley.
  Austerson derives from the Saxon Essetune, meaning "Aelfstan's Farm". The civil parish was originally a township in the ancient parish of Acton in the Nantwich Hundred; it was served by St Mary's Church, Acton. Major early landowners included the families of Bulkeley, Wettenhall, Praers and Bromley. In the late 15th century the land was acquired by Sir William Needham of Shavington. Part of Austerson and the adjacent parish of Baddington was forest until at least the mid-17th century, with wood being used as fuel for salt production in nearby Nantwich. A kiln field marked on tithe maps suggests that the parish formerly had a brick kiln. A small council estate was built between 1953 and 1965.
  
  wn.com/Austerson
• 
  Australia
  Australia ( /əˈstreɪljə/), officially the Commonwealth of Australia, is a country in the Southern Hemisphere comprising the mainland of the Australian continent as well as the island of Tasmania and numerous smaller islands in the Indian and Pacific Oceans. It is the world's sixth-largest country by total area. Neighbouring countries include Indonesia, East Timor and Papua New Guinea to the north; the Solomon Islands, Vanuatu and New Caledonia to the north-east; and New Zealand to the south-east.
  For at least 40,000 years before European settlement in the late 18th century, Australia was inhabited by indigenous Australians, who belonged to one or more of roughly 250 language groups. After discovery by Dutch explorers in 1606, Australia's eastern half was claimed by Great Britain in 1770 and settled through penal transportation to the colony of New South Wales from 26 January 1788. The population grew steadily in subsequent decades; the continent was explored and an additional five self-governing Crown Colonies were established.
  
  wn.com/Australia
• 
  Baddiley
  Baddiley is a scattered settlement and civil parish in the unitary authority of Cheshire East and the ceremonial county of Cheshire, England. The civil parish also includes the north-western part of the village of Ravensmoor (also in the parish of Burland), as well as the small settlements of Baddiley Hulse, Batterley Hill, and parts of Gradeley Green and Swanley. According to the 2001 Census the parish had a total population of 226.
  The largest settlement within the parish, Ravensmoor centres around a crossroads with a small village green. It lies around six miles south west of Crewe.
  Baddiley is listed in the Domesday Book as Bedelie, and the manor then belonged to the Praers family. The ancient manor was more extensive than the modern parish, also including Faddiley, which lies to the north west. In the first half of the 13th century, part of the Baddiley parish was granted to Combermere Abbey, a Cistercian monastery which had been endowed on its foundation in 1133 with a large area of land to the south; in 1355, the abbey also acquired the right to appoint the priest of the Baddiley church in exchange for land at Baddiley Grange. (Baddiley is not, however, included among the lands surrendered to the government when the abbey was dissolved in 1538.) By the 14th century, the manor had passed by marriage to the Bromley, Hondford and Mainwaring families, finally passing solely to the Mainwarings who occupied Baddiley Hall.
  
  wn.com/Baddiley
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  Barthomley
  Coordinates: 53°04′05″N 2°20′55″W / 53.068147°N 2.348657°W / 53.068147; -2.348657
  Barthomley is a village and ancient parish, and is now a civil parish in the unitary authority of Cheshire East and the ceremonial county of Cheshire, England. According to the 2001 census the parish had a population of 202. The village is situated near junction 16 of the M6 motorway and by the border with Staffordshire. It is about three miles south-west of Alsager.
  The hamlet of Radway Green, location of a Royal Ordnance Factory, is within the parish, north-east of the village of Barthomley and just outside Alsager. There was a railway station in Radway Green, on the Crewe to Derby Line, as well as a station reserved for the factory at Millway. However, both of these are now closed. Radway Green and Barthomley station closed to goods traffic on 7 June 1964, followed by its closure to passengers on 7 November 1966.
  Barthomley was an ancient parish within Cheshire. It contained five townships: Alsager, Balterley, Barthomley itself, Crewe, and Haslington. Of these, Balterley township and (now) civil parish was and is entirely in the neighbouring county of Staffordshire, and Crewe was later renamed Crewe Green to avoid confusion with the neighbouring unparished borough and railway town. All five townships were made separate civil parishes in 1866.
  
  wn.com/Barthomley
• Batherton
  Batherton is a hamlet and civil parish in the unitary authority of Cheshire East and the ceremonial county of Cheshire, England. It is just south of Nantwich, and according to the 2001 census had a population of 36.
  Batherton is administered by Stapeley and District Parish Council jointly with the adjacent parish of Stapeley. From 1974 the civil parish was served by Crewe and Nantwich Borough Council, which was succeeded on 1 April 2009 by the new unitary authority of Cheshire East. Batherton falls in the parliamentary constituency of Crewe and Nantwich, which has been represented by Edward Timpson since a by-election in 2008.
  Media related to Batherton at Wikimedia Commons
  Coordinates: 53°3′13″N 2°30′40″W / 53.05361°N 2.51111°W / 53.05361; -2.51111
  
  
  
  wn.com/Batherton
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  Betchton
  Coordinates: 53°07′27″N 2°19′45″W / 53.124069°N 2.329085°W / 53.124069; -2.329085
  Betchton is a civil parish in the unitary authority of Cheshire East and the ceremonial county of Cheshire, England. According to the 2001 census it had a population of 620. The parish is immediately to the east of Sandbach, and includes Betchton Heath, Malkin's Bank and Hassall Green.
  The parish elects 10 councillors to the parish council.
  Betchton civil parish was originally part of Sandbach Ancient Parish, and was created a separate parish from it in 1866. It also was part of Nantwich Hundred, Congleton Poor Law Union, Rural Sanitary District, and (after 1866) it formed part of Congleton Rural District until 1974, when it became part of the Borough of Congleton.
  In terms of parliamentary representation, the Betchton area (including the period before the creation of the civil parish) was in the Cheshire, Southern Division constituency from 1832 to 1867; in the Cheshire South Division constituency from 1867 to 1885; in the Crewe division, from 1885 to 1948; from 1948 it was in Knutsford County Constituency, but it is currently in Congleton County Constituency.
  
  wn.com/Betchton
• Bexton
  Coordinates: 53°17′17″N 2°23′20″W / 53.288°N 2.389°W / 53.288; -2.389 Bexton is a village and civil parish in the unitary authority of Cheshire East and the ceremonial county of Cheshire, England. According to the 2001 census it had a population of 9. The parish includes Bexton Hall and is to the south of Knutsford.
  Media related to Bexton at Wikimedia Commons
  
  wn.com/Bexton
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  Birchwood
  Coordinates: 53°24′57″N 2°31′49″W / 53.4157°N 2.5304°W / 53.4157; -2.5304
  Birchwood is a civil parish in the north-eastern part of Warrington, Cheshire, England with a population of 11,395 (as at the 2001 census). Historically a part of Lancashire, it is the easternmost part of the Warrington urban area. It was built during the time of much expansion in Warrington as it became a "new town". Birchwood is separated into three residential estates: Gorse Covert (grid ref SJ665925, population 2,790), Oakwood (grid ref SJ656914, population 4,381) and Locking Stumps (grid ref SJ645918, population 2,759), with all the main facilities centred around the centre.
  The area east of Birchwood is mainly birch forests and Risley Moss, part of the Mersey Forest. Risley Moss is a site of special scientific interest. The bulk of Birchwood is built on the site of the former ROF Risley Royal Ordnance Factory, with Birchwood Forest Park lying in the centre, in which the old bunkers from the factory form part of the landscape.
  
  wn.com/Birchwood
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  Birmingham
  Birmingham (ⁱ/ˈbɜrmɪŋəm/ BUR-ming-əm, locally /ˈbɜrmɪŋɡəm/ BUR-ming-gəm) is a city and metropolitan borough in the West Midlands of England. It is the most populous British city outside the capital London, with a population of 1,036,900 (2010 estimate), and lies at the heart of the West Midlands conurbation, the second most populous urban area in the United Kingdom with a population of 2,284,093 (2001 census). Birmingham's metropolitan area is also the United Kingdom's second most populous with a population of 3,683,000.
  A medium-sized market town during the medieval period, Birmingham grew to international prominence in the 18th century at the heart of the Midlands Enlightenment and subsequent Industrial Revolution, which saw the town at the forefront of worldwide developments in science, technology and economic organisation, producing a series of innovations that laid many of the foundations of modern industrial society. By 1791 it was being hailed as "the first manufacturing town in the world". Birmingham's distinctive economic profile, with thousands of small workshops practising a wide variety of specialised and highly-skilled trades, encouraged exceptional levels of creativity and innovation and provided a diverse and resilient economic base for industrial prosperity that was to last into the final quarter of the 20th century. Its resulting high level of social mobility also fostered a culture of broad-based political radicalism, that under leaders from Thomas Attwood to Joseph Chamberlain was to give it a political influence unparalleled in Britain outside London and a pivotal role in the development of British democracy.
  
  wn.com/Birmingham
• 
  Bolingbroke Castle
  Bolingbroke Castle is a ruined castle in Bolingbroke (or Old Bolingbroke) Lincolnshire, England.
  Most of the castle is built of Spilsby greenstone, as are several nearby churches. The local greenstone is a limestone that proved to be porous, prone to rapid deterioration when exposed to weather and a substandard building material. The castle was constructed as an irregular polygonal enclosure. The castle is one of the earliest examples of a uniform castle designed and built without a keep. It originally was surrounded by a large water-filled moat 31 metres (102 ft) wide. The curtain wall was up to 5 metres (16 ft) feet thick and defended by five D-shaped towers and a twin-towered gate house.
  Similar to another castle built by Ranulf during the same period at Beeston in Cheshire, Bolingroke had no inner defensive keep. The castle relied instead on thick walls and the five D shaped defensive corner towers. Some design similarities are noted with the contemporary castle at Boulogne-sur-Mer, France that was also constructed without a central donjon.
  
  wn.com/Bolingbroke_Castle
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  Bollington
  Coordinates: 53°17′53″N 2°05′35″W / 53.298°N 2.093°W / 53.298; -2.093
  Bollington is a small town and civil parish in the county of Cheshire, (County Palatine of Chester), England, in the unitary authority of Cheshire East,to the east of Prestbury. In the Middle Ages it was part of the Earl of Chester's manor of Macclesfield, and the ancient parish of Prestbury. According to the 2001 UK census, Bollington had a population of 7,095.
  Bollington which is locally nicknamed "Happy Valley", is situated on the River Dean and the Macclesfield Canal, on the south-western edge of the Peak District. Rising above the town is Kerridge Hill that is surmounted by White Nancy, a monument built to commemorate the Battle of Waterloo in the Napoleonic Wars.
  Bollington is twinned with Thurles in North Tipperary, Ireland.
  In the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, Bollington was a major centre for cotton spinning. The Waterhouse Mill, now demolished, off Wellington Road, once spun the finest cotton in the world, as was sought after by lace makers in Nottingham and Brussels.Clarence Mill still stands and has since been converted into luxury apartments. One of the oldest surviving mills in Bollington is the very small Defiance Mill, built in Queen Street about 1800 and also now restored for residential occupation. There is a large paper coating mill on the site of Lower Mills. The original mill was built by George Antrobus in 1792 but very little of those buildings remain. A stone-built traditional mill still survives amongst the more recent brick developments. In the 1830s and 1840s this mill was rented to Thomas Oliver and Martin Swindells for the production of fine cotton thread for the lace-making industry.
  
  wn.com/Bollington
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  Bosley
  Coordinates: 53°11′10″N 2°07′26″W / 53.186°N 2.124°W / 53.186; -2.124
  Bosley is a village and civil parish in the unitary authority of Cheshire East and the ceremonial county of Cheshire, England. According to the 2001 census it had a population of 406. The village is on the A523 road about six miles south of Macclesfield. It is the site of the Bosley Reservoir.
  The village is immediately to the north of the Staffordshire border, and is close to the Peak District National Park.
  Despite being a small area it homes a number of national companies including Wood Treatment Ltd, manufacturers of Smart Cat wood based cat litter.
  Media related to Bosley at Wikimedia Commons
  
  
  
  wn.com/Bosley
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  Bradwall
  Coordinates: 53°10′06″N 2°21′41″W / 53.1684°N 2.3614°W / 53.1684; -2.3614
  Bradwall is a small village and civil parish in the unitary authority of Cheshire East, about 2 miles northwest of Sandbach in the ceremonial county of Cheshire, England, and about 20 miles south of Manchester. According to the 2001 census, the population of the entire parish was 166, having peaked at over a thousand at the beginning of the 20th century, and a 1936 boundary change resulting in a sharp decline. The area is predominantly agricultural, with no manufacturing or retail outlets.
  The village is not mentioned in the 11th century Domesday survey, but from the 13th century, gained notability as the manorial estate of Richard de Bradwall and his successors, including the families of Venables, Berington and Oldfields. From the early 19th century, it became the seat of the Latham family of Bradwall at Bradwall Hall, until its demolition in the 20th, and home to Bradwall Reformatory School for Boys, now a Grade II Listed building.
  
  wn.com/Bradwall
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  Bridgemere
  Bridgemere is a village (at SJ717454) and civil parish in the unitary authority of Cheshire East and the ceremonial county of Cheshire, England. It is around 7 miles (11 km) south east of Nantwich and 12 miles (19 km) west of Stoke-on-Trent. The southern boundary of the parish is on the border with Shropshire. The civil parish also includes the small settlements of Admiral's Gorse, Parrah Green, Prince Hill, Seven Stars and Wheel Green. The total population is a little under 150. Nearby villages include Blakenhall, Buerton, Hankelow, Madeley and Woore.
  Bridgemere was originally a township in the ancient parish of Wybunbury in the Nantwich Hundred. During the medieval period, it had an iron foundry.
  One of the two major coaching roads in Cheshire ran from London via Bridgemere to Nantwich, Chester and on to Holyhead in Wales; it became one of the first turnpike roads in the county in 1743. A coach service between London and Chester ran three times a week from 1657, taking four days over the journey; by 1780, a daily service ran from London to Holyhead, and from 1784 the mail coach used the road. The road was improved after 1810, but its use dwindled after 1820 with the coming of the railways. Bridgemere parish had three inns in 1765, one of which was named the Holly Bush. By 1801, there was only a single inn, which had closed by 1821.
  
  wn.com/Bridgemere
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  Brindley
  Coordinates: 53°04′35″N 2°36′30″W / 53.076423°N 2.608345°W / 53.076423; -2.608345
  Brindley is a village (at SJ592534) and civil parish in the unitary authority of Cheshire East and the ceremonial county of Cheshire, England. The village lies 3¾ miles to the west of Nantwich. The parish also includes the settlements of Brindley Lea, Ryders Bank and part of Radmore Green, with a total population of a little under 150. Nearby villages include Barbridge, Burland, Haughton and Faddiley.
  The name Brindley means "a burnt clearing". The township does not appear in the Domesday survey, the first mention of Brindley being in 1288. Brindley fell within the ancient parish of Acton and was once part of the manor of Baddiley. Landowners included Willis Allen in 1656, Sir Thomas Mainwaring and Sir Thomas Brereton in 1671, and the Wilbraham and Tomkinson families from 1798.
  Medieval landowners
  In medieval times Brindley township and the Norman landowners that took its name were called: Burndelegh, Birnedelegh, Burendeleg, Brundelegh, Brundeley, Brundylegh and later in Tudor times until the 18th century, 'Brundley', eventually evolving to the modern Brindley.
  
  wn.com/Brindley
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  Burland
  Burland is a village and civil parish in the unitary authority of Cheshire East and the ceremonial county of Cheshire, England, about 2½ miles west of Nantwich. The civil parish also includes the small settlements of Burland Lower Green, Burland Upper Green, Hollin Green and Stoneley Green, as well as parts of Gradeley Green and Swanley. The eastern part of the village of Ravensmoor also falls within the civil parish (also in the parish of Baddiley).
  According to the 2001 census the civil parish had a total population of 582.
  The civil parish formerly had populations of 371 (1801), 627 (1851), 581 (1901) and 546 (1951).
  The A534 (Wrexham Road) between Nantwich and Wrexham crosses the civil parish east–west.
  The Llangollen branch of the Shropshire Union Canal, just south of Hurleston Junction, runs north–south through the civil parish, immediately to the east of Burland village. The canal is crossed by Wrexham Bridge (carrying the A534) and the grade-II-listed Swanley Bridge, which dates from around 1793, as well as three footbridges: Bethills Bridge, Stoneley Green Bridge and Platt's Bridge. North of Swanley Bridge lies Swanley Lock No. 2; the grade-II-listed lock dates from 1805 and is in blue-and-red brick with stone copings.
  
  wn.com/Burland
• Calveley
  Calveley is a village (at SJ 591 589) and civil parish in the unitary authority of Cheshire East and the ceremonial county of Cheshire, England. The village lies 5½ miles to the north west of Nantwich. The parish also includes parts of the settlements of Barrets Green and Wardle Bank. Nearby villages include Alpraham, Bunbury, Haughton and Wardle. Calveley Chapel stands in Calveley village. The Shropshire Union Canal, A51 and the Crewe–Chester railway line all run along the south-western boundary of the parish.
  According to the 2001 census, the parish had a population of 269.
  Coordinates: 53°07′N 2°37′W / 53.117°N 2.617°W / 53.117; -2.617
  
  
  
  wn.com/Calveley
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  Cardiff
  Cardiff (ⁱ/ˈkɑrdɪf/; Welsh: Caerdydd (info) Welsh pronunciation: [kairˈdiːð, kaˑɨrˈdɨːð]) is the capital and largest city in Wales and the 10th largest city in the United Kingdom. The city is Wales' chief commercial centre, the base for most national cultural and sporting institutions, the Welsh national media, and the seat of the National Assembly for Wales. The unitary authority area's mid 2010 population was estimated to be 341,054, while the population of the Larger Urban Zone was estimated at 861,400 in 2009. Cardiff is a significant tourism centre and the most popular visitor destination in Wales with 18.3 million visitors in 2010. In 2011, Cardiff was ranked 6th in the world in National Geographic's alternative tourist destinations.
  The city of Cardiff is the county town of the historic county of Glamorgan (and later South Glamorgan). Cardiff is part of the Eurocities network of the largest European cities. The Cardiff Urban Area covers a slightly larger area outside of the county boundary, and includes the towns of Dinas Powys and Penarth. A small town until the early 19th century, its prominence as a major port for the transport of coal following the arrival of industry in the region contributed to its rise as a major city.
  
  wn.com/Cardiff
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  Chelford
  Coordinates: 53°16′12″N 2°16′44″W / 53.270°N 2.279°W / 53.270; -2.279
  Chelford is a village and civil parish in the unitary authority of Cheshire East and the ceremonial county of Cheshire, England. It is near to the junction of the A537 and A535 roads, about six miles (10 km) west of Macclesfield, and six miles south-east of Knutsford. It is served by a small railway station on the line between Crewe and Manchester. According to the 2001 census, Chelford had a total population of 1,254.
  Chelford is near the Capesthorne Estate and surrounded by farmland. Local amenities include a church (St John's - notable as the burial place of former world champion racing cyclist Reg Harris, and as the venue for an annual cyclists' Christmas Carol service), a post office and a freehold pub/restaurant called The Egerton Arms [1].
  From spring to autumn, regular cycle events, including road time trials, are held through Chelford. At weekends and Bank Holidays, large car boot sales are also held in the area.
  
  wn.com/Chelford
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  Cheshire
  Cheshire ( /ˈtʃɛʃər/ or /ˈtʃɛʃɪər/; also known as the County Palatine of Chester, and archaically, as the County of Chester; abbreviated Ches.) is a ceremonial county in North West England. Cheshire's county town is the city of Chester, although the largest town since county boundary changes in 1974 is Warrington (moved from Lancashire for administrative purposes in 1974). Other major towns include Widnes (also moved from Lancashire in 1974), Congleton, Crewe, Ellesmere Port, Runcorn, Macclesfield, Winsford, Northwich, and Wilmslow. Historically the county contained the Wirral, Stockport, Altrincham and other towns. The county is bordered by Merseyside and Greater Manchester to the north, Derbyshire to the east, Staffordshire and Shropshire to the south, and Flintshire and Wrexham in Wales to the west. The county is a part of the Welsh Marches.
  Cheshire's area is 2,343 square kilometres (905 sq mi) and its population is around 700,000. Apart from the large towns along the River Mersey and the historic city of Chester, it is mostly rural, with a number of small towns and villages that support an agricultural industry. It is historically famous as a former principality and for the production of Cheshire cheese, salt, bulk chemicals, and woven silk.
  
  wn.com/Cheshire
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  Chester
  Coordinates: 53°11′33″N 2°53′30″W / 53.1926°N 2.8918°W / 53.1926; -2.8918
  Chester ( /ˈtʃɛstər/ CHESS-tər), is a city in Cheshire, England. Lying on the River Dee, close to the border with Wales, it is home to 80,121 inhabitants, and is the largest and most populous settlement of the wider unitary authority area of Cheshire West and Chester, which had a population of 328,100 according to the 2001 Census. Chester was granted city status in 1541.
  Chester was founded as a "castrum" or Roman fort with the name Deva Victrix in the year 79 by the Roman Legio II Adiutrix during the reign of the Emperor Vespasian. Chester's four main roads, Eastgate, Northgate, Watergate and Bridge, follow routes laid out at this time – almost 2,000 years ago. One of the three main Roman army bases, Deva later became a major settlement in the Roman province of Britannia. After the Romans left in the 5th century, the Saxons fortified the town against the Danes and gave Chester its name. The patron saint of Chester, Werburgh, is buried in Chester Cathedral.
  
  wn.com/Chester
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  Cholmondeston
  Coordinates: 53°08′N 2°34′W / 53.13°N 2.56°W / 53.13; -2.56
  Cholmondeston is a village (at SJ628599) and civil parish in the unitary authority of Cheshire East and the ceremonial county of Cheshire, England. The village lies 5 miles to the north west of Nantwich. Nearby villages include Aston juxta Mondrum, Barbridge, Calveley and Wettenhall. The Middlewich branch of the Shropshire Union Canal and the Crewe–Chester railway line run through the civil parish. The area is predominantly rural, with a total population of around 150 in 2001.
  The name is pronounced "Chumston".
  A hoard of 26 Roman coins was found in Cholmondeston, suggesting the possibility of Roman settlement in the area. The coins are mainly of the reign of Constantius II, dating from after AD 348.
  Cholmondeston appears in the Domesday survey of 1086 as Chelmundestone, meaning "Coelmund's Farm". Before the Norman Conquest, it was held by Wulfeva, described as "a free woman", and afterwards by William Malbank (or Malbedeng), the first Baron of Wich Malbank (Nantwich). Local historian Frank Latham suggests that it is possible that there was a substantial pre-Conquest village, later deserted. The Domesday survey recorded a population of 4. At this time, Cholmondeston fell within the Forest of Mondrem, the southern half of Delamere Forest. The manor maintained an underforester and also paid frithmote tax, which might have entitled it to certain forest privileges or exempted it from the forest courts. The area of the modern civil parish fell within the ancient parish of Acton in the Nantwich Hundred; it was served by St Mary's Church, Acton until 1873.
  
  wn.com/Cholmondeston
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  Church Lawton
  Coordinates: 53°05′55″N 2°16′03″W / 53.098695°N 2.267436°W / 53.098695; -2.267436
  Church Lawton is a small village and civil parish (sometimes known as Lawton) located in the unitary authority of Cheshire East and the ceremonial county of Cheshire in England. Its location is such that its eastern boundary forms part of the county boundary between Cheshire and Staffordshire and, because of its close proximity to Stoke-on-Trent, the parish has a Stoke-on-Trent postcode. In addition to ribbon development connecting Kidsgrove (in Staffordshire) with Scholar Green (in Odd Rode parish), the parish also contains the hamlets of Lawton Gate, Lawton Heath and Lawton Heath End, and the Lawton Hall estate. According to the 2001 census, the population of the entire parish was 2,201.
  There is evidence of human activity within the parish stretching back to the Neolithic period: a polished axe was found in the parish that was possibly made in Cornwall.
  The collection of Church Lawton Barrows, also known as the Church Lawton Complex, is a significant Bronze Age site in the parish. The Complex consists of three Bronze Age mounds of which only two (Church Lawton II and Church Lawton III) survive. Church Lawton III is the more important of the two, having been excavated in the early 1980s. It seems to have been built in two phases; the first phase consisted of one of the few stone circles found in Cheshire, which was roughly 22.5 metres (73 ft 9 in) in diameter, with a turf and daub platform in the centre, on which dead bodies were probably placed as part of an excarnation ritual prior to burial. There were gaps to the north and south of the circle serving as entrances, with two of the stones standing upright, with the remainder deliberately placed on their side. The second phase covered the central part with sandy subsoil and surrounded it with a low turf wall.
  
  wn.com/Church_Lawton
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  Church Minshull
  Coordinates: 53°08′N 2°30′W / 53.14°N 2.5°W / 53.14; -2.5
  Church Minshull is a village and civil parish in the unitary authority of Cheshire East and the ceremonial county of Cheshire, England. The village is located approximately 5 miles (8.0 km) north west of Crewe and to the west of the River Weaver and the Shropshire Union Canal. The principal road through Church Minshull is the B5074 between Nantwich (6 miles to the south) and Winsford (4 miles to the north). The modern village centre is a designated conservation area which contains many houses of Tudor style architecture. A large area in the east of the parish falls within the Weaver Valley Area of Special County Value.
  The population at the 2001 Census was 431, living in 196 residences of which sixty are on Home Farm Park and twenty on Village Farm. The parish is made up of 2,285 acres (9.25 km²).
  The name of the village is recorded in the Domesday Book as Maneshale.
  According to records from November 1824, numerous trades and crafts were carried out in the village: blacksmith, wheelwright, joiners, cordwainer, gamekeeper, bricklayer, weaver, tailor, carrier, victualler, laundry woman and many domestic servants. There was also a shopkeeper, butcher, two school mistresses and a school master, farmers and farm workers, paupers and spinsters.
  
  wn.com/Church_Minshull
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  Cloughton
  Coordinates: 54°20′10″N 0°27′02″W / 54.336100°N 0.450600°W / 54.336100; -0.450600
  Cloughton (pronounced Cloh-tun) is a small village and civil parish in the Scarborough district of North Yorkshire, England. It is situated approximately 4 miles (6.4 km) north of Scarborough town centre.
  It has a parish church and two pubs - the Blacksmiths Arms and the Red Lion. It is home to a large conference centre and hotel called Cober Hill. It has cricket and football pitches.
  According to the 2001 UK census, Cloughton parish had a population of 711. The parish council is Cloughton Parish Council.
  Craig White, Yorkshire cricketer, lives in Cloughton. It was also the home of the Reverend G P Taylor, author of Shadowmancer and Wormwood.
  
  
  
  wn.com/Cloughton
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  Cockfosters
  Coordinates: 51°39′10″N 0°09′22″W / 51.6527°N 0.1560°W / 51.6527; -0.1560
  Cockfosters is a suburb of North London, lying partly in the London Borough of Enfield and partly in the London Borough of Barnet. The counties of Hertfordshire and Middlesex respectively (in which Cockfosters was located pre-1965) are still used in postal addresses.
  The name has been recorded as far back as 1524, and is thought to be either the name of a family, or that of a house which stood on Enfield Chase. One suggestion is that it was "the residence of the cock forester (or chief forester)".
  Of note in Cockfosters is Trent Park which serves as a country park.
  Christ Church, Cockfosters was founded in 1839. The Piccadilly line of the London Underground reached Cockfosters in 1933.
  The Cock & Dragon Pub (formerly the Cock), offset from Cockfosters Road on Chalk Lane, opened in 1798.
  There are two campuses of Middlesex University nearby:
  The Museum of Domestic Design and Architecture is also located on the Cat Hill campus.
  
  wn.com/Cockfosters
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  Congleton
  Coordinates: 53°09′43″N 2°13′01″W / 53.162°N 2.217°W / 53.162; -2.217
  Congleton is a town and civil parish in the unitary authority of Cheshire East and the ceremonial county of Cheshire, England, on the banks of the River Dane, to the west of the Macclesfield Canal and 21 miles south of Manchester. It has a population of 25,750.
  Of origin unknown,the first reference is in 1282, when it is spelled Congelton. the element Congle could relate to the old Norse kang meaning a bend followed by the element the Old English tun meaning settlement.
  The first settlements in the Congleton area were Neolithic. Stone Age and Bronze Age artefacts have been found in the town. Congleton was once thought to have been a Roman settlement, although there is no archaeological or documentary evidence to support this. Congleton became the local market town after Vikings destroyed nearby Davenport.
  Godwin, Earl of Wessex held the town during the Saxon period. The town is mentioned in the Domesday Book, where it is listed as Cogeltone: Bigot de Loges. William the Conqueror granted the whole of Cheshire to his nephew the Earl of Chester. In the 13th Century, Congleton belonged to the de Lacy family.Henry de Lacy, 3rd Earl of Lincoln granted the town its first charter in 1272, enabling it to hold fairs and markets, elect a mayor and ale taster, have a merchant guild and behead known criminals.
  
  wn.com/Congleton
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  Coronation Street
  Coronation Street is an English television soap opera set in Weatherfield, a fictional town in Greater Manchester based on Salford. Created by Tony Warren, Coronation Street was first broadcast on 9 December 1960. The show has been on the air for over 51 years. Coronation Street is produced by ITV Granada Television under ITV Studios and shown in all ITV regions. It has been filmed in Manchester at the Granada Studios since inception, but filming will move to a new set at Media City in Trafford in 2013.
  Since first being aired, it has been one of the most financially lucrative programmes on British commercial television, underpinning the success of its broadcaster ITV and its franchise Granada Television. On 17 September 2010, it became the world's longest-running TV soap opera in production, after the United States soap opera As the World Turns ended.
  The first episode was aired on 9 December 1960 and was not initially a critical success; Daily Mirror columnist Ken Iriwin claimed the series would only last three weeks. Granada Television commissioned only 13 episodes and some inside the company doubted the show would last its planned production run. Despite the criticism, viewers were immediately drawn to the serial, won over by Coronation Street's 'ordinary' characters. The programme also made use of Northern English language and dialect; affectionate local terms like "eh, chook?", "nowt" (IPA  /ˈnaʊt/, means nothing), and "by heck!" became widely heard on British television for the first time.
  
  wn.com/Coronation_Street
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  Cranage
  Coordinates: 53°12′47″N 2°22′19″W / 53.213°N 2.372°W / 53.213; -2.372
  Cranage is a village and civil parish in the unitary authority of Cheshire East and the ceremonial county of Cheshire, England. According to the 2001 Official UK Census, the population of the entire civil parish was 1,130.
  The establishment of a community in Cranage is mentioned in the Domesday Book. The manor of Cranage, unlike many estates, has not remained in one family but had changed hands many times. Historically, Cranage is an agricultural area which has had a wide variation of farming activities.
  Cranage Hall was one of the principal dwellings in the area. It is believed that it was built in the 17th century incorporating elements of an earlier hall. However, Lawrence Armistead had the Hall demolished in the 19th century and the current Cranage Hall built in 1829, to a design by Lewis Wyatt. The Hall remained in possession of the Armistead family until 1920. Since then it has been part of the Cranage hospital and on the hospital's closure became a conference centre.
  
  wn.com/Cranage
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  Crewe
  Coordinates: 53°05′56″N 2°26′24″W / 53.099°N 2.44°W / 53.099; -2.44
  Crewe is a railway town within the unitary authority area of Cheshire East and the ceremonial county of Cheshire, England. According to the 2001 census the urban area had a population of 67,683. Crewe is perhaps best known as a large railway junction and home to Crewe Works, for many years a major railway engineering facility for manufacturing and overhauling locomotives, but now much reduced in size. From 1946 until 2002 it was also the home of Rolls-Royce motor car production. The Pyms Lane factory on the west of the town now produces Bentley motor cars exclusively.
  Although the name Creu first appears in the Domesday Book, the modern urban settlement of Crewe was not formally planned out until 1843 by Joseph Locke to consolidate the "railway colony" that had grown up since around 1840-41 in the area near to the railway junction station opened in 1837, even though it was called Crewe by many, from the start. Crewe was thus named after the railway station, rather than the other way round.
  
  wn.com/Crewe
• Crewe crater
  Crewe is a crater approximately 3 km in diameter on the planet Mars, located at 25° South, 10° West.
  The crater was named after the town of Crewe, Cheshire, England.
  
  wn.com/Crewe_crater
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  Crewe Diesel TMD
  Crewe Diesel Traction Maintenance Depot or Crewe Diesel TMD was a diesel-electric locomotive Traction Maintenance Depot situated to the south of and visible from Crewe railway station. The depot is owned by EWS. The depot code is CD. It is now closed and is used for storing surplus rolling stock.
  Crewe Diesel has an extensive history of assessing, maintaining, repairing, storing and scrapping diesel-electric locomotives.
  An overhead view of the depot. The West Coast Main Line is to the immediate east. The freight line is to the immediate west.
  Coordinates: 53°05′05″N 2°25′52″W / 53.0847°N 2.4312°W / 53.0847; -2.4312
  
  wn.com/Crewe_Diesel_TMD
• Crewe Electric TMD
  Crewe Electric TMD is an AC electric locomotive Traction Maintenance Depot situated to the north of Crewe railway station. The depot is situated on the south side of the Crewe to Chester railway line opposite Crewe Works on Victoria Avenue. The depot is operated by DB Schenker (Formerly EWS). The depot code is CE.
  Rail Atlas Great Britain & Ireland, S.K. Baker ISBN 0-86093-553-1
  Coordinates: 53°05′54″N 2°27′27″W / 53.0984°N 2.4575°W / 53.0984; -2.4575
  
  wn.com/Crewe_Electric_TMD
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  Crewe Green
  Coordinates: 53°05′41″N 2°24′32″W / 53.094743°N 2.408828°W / 53.094743; -2.408828
  Crewe Green is a small village and civil parish in the unitary authority of Cheshire East and the ceremonial county of Cheshire, England. The village lies 1½ miles to the east of the centre of Crewe. The parish also includes a dispersed settlement of houses and farms called Slaughter Hill, the Jacobean mansion of Crewe Hall, and the industrial estates of Crewe Hall Enterprise Park and Crewe Hall Farm. Nearby villages include Haslington and Stowford.
  According to the 2001 census, the parish had a population of 140.
  Crewe Green, then known as Crewe, was originally a township within the ancient parish of Barthomley. In the 12th and 13th centuries, it was the seat of the de Crewe (or de Criwa) family. The manor passed to the de Praers family of Barthomley by the marriage of Johanna de Crewe to Richard de Praers in 1319. Later in the 14th century it passed to the Fouleshurst (or Foulehurst) family, who held the manor jointly with Barthomley until around 1575.Sir Randolph Crewe purchased the manor in 1608, and it was held by various branches of the Crewe family until 1936, when most of the land was sold to the Duchy of Lancaster. The present Crewe Hall was built for Sir Randolph and dates from 1615–36.
  
  wn.com/Crewe_Green
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  Crewe Hall
  Crewe Hall is a Jacobean mansion located near Crewe Green, east of Crewe, in Cheshire, England. Described by Nikolaus Pevsner as one of the two finest Jacobean houses in Cheshire, it is listed at grade I. Built in 1615–36 for Sir Randolph Crewe, it was one of the county's largest houses in the 17th century, and was said to have "brought London into Cheshire".
  The hall was extended in the late 18th century and altered by Edward Blore in the early Victorian era. It was extensively restored by E. M. Barry after a fire in 1866, and is considered among his best works. Other artists and craftsmen employed during the restoration include J. Birnie Philip, J. G. Crace, Henry Weekes and the firm of Clayton and Bell. The interior is elaborately decorated and contains many fine examples of wood carving, chimneypieces and plasterwork, some of which are Jacobean in date.
  The park was landscaped during the 18th century by Lancelot Brown, William Emes, John Webb and Humphry Repton, and formal gardens were designed by W. A. Nesfield in the 19th century. On the estate are cottages designed by Nesfield's son, William Eden Nesfield, which Pevsner considered to have introduced features such as tile hanging and pargetting into Cheshire. The stables quadrangle is contemporary with the hall and is listed at grade II*.
  
  wn.com/Crewe_Hall
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  Derby
  Derby (ⁱ/ˈdɑːbi/ DAR-bi), is a city and unitary authority in the East Midlands region of England. It lies upon the banks of the River Derwent and is located in the south of the ceremonial county of Derbyshire. In the 2001 census, the population of the city was 233,700, whilst that of the Derby Urban Area was 229,407. According to the 2001 census, Derby was at that time the 18th largest settlement in England, measured by urban area.
  The city has Roman, Saxon and Viking origins.
  The Roman camp of 'Derventio' was probably at Little Chester/Chester Green (grid reference SK353375); The site of the old Roman fort is at Chester Green. Later the town was one of the 'Five Boroughs' (fortified towns) of the Danelaw.
  Djúra-bý, recorded in Anglo-Saxon as Deoraby "Village of the Deer". This popular belief is asserted by Tim Lambert who states, "The name Derby is derived from the Danish words deor by meaning deer settlement" without reference or proof. However some^[who?] assert that it is a corruption of the original Roman name 'Derventio'. The proven origin of the name "Derby" would seem to be elusive.
  
  wn.com/Derby
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  Disley
  Coordinates: 53°21′25″N 2°02′35″W / 53.357°N 2.043°W / 53.357; -2.043
  Disley is a village and civil parish in the unitary authority of Cheshire East and the ceremonial county of Cheshire, England. It is located on the very edge of the Peak District, in the Goyt Valley, very close to the county boundary with Derbyshire at New Mills, and south of Stockport, Greater Manchester. To the north of the village, the River Goyt and the Peak Forest Canal, which opened in 1800, passes along the edge of the village. Today it is a dormitory village retaining a semi-rural character.
  Disley railway station is on the Manchester to Buxton line, with through trains to Preston and Blackpool.
  The parish includes part of the neighbouring village of Newtown, the bulk of which is in Derbyshire.
  Its Anglo-Saxon name was Dystiglegh meaning "windy settlement" or possibly Wood or clearing by a mound. In the 13th century, in the time of Edward I, there are references to confirmatory grants of land made to Jordan de Dystelegh of Disley Hall and Roger de Stanley-de-Dystelegh of Stanley Hall in the district, pointing to even older local settlements. It later had the name Dystelegh.
  
  wn.com/Disley
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  Dublin Port
  Dublin Port (Irish: Calafort Átha Cliath) is Ireland's biggest sea port. It has both historical and contemporary economic importance. Approximatively two-thirds of the Republic of Ireland's port traffic goes via Dublin Port. Recently, the port and its land, mostly at the eastern end of Dublin's Northside, were valued at €25 billion - €30 billion.
  The modern Dublin Port is located either side of the River Liffey, out to its mouth. On the north side of the river, the main part (205 hectares / 507 acres) of the port lies at the end of East Wall and North Wall, from Alexandra Quay. The element of the port on the south side of the river is much smaller (51 hectares / 126 acres), and lies at the beginning of the Pigeon House peninsula.
  The main activity of the port, as per the statistic above, is freight handling, with a wide range of vessels, from large container carriers to small diesel lighters, visiting daily.
  Roll-on/roll-off ferry services run regularly across the Irish Sea to Holyhead in Wales, Liverpool in England and in the summer months and at Christmas to Douglas, Isle of Man . The largest car ferry in the world, the Irish Ferries ship MV Ulysses which can carry up to 2000 passengers, runs on the Holyhead route.
  
  wn.com/Dublin_Port
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  Dzierżoniów
  Dzierżoniów [d​͡ʑerˈʐɔɲuf] (German: Reichenbach [ˈʁaɪ̯çn̩bax] or Reichenbach im Eulengebirge; former Polish: Rychbach) is a town in southwestern Poland. It is situated in Lower Silesian Voivodeship (from 1975–1998 it was in the former Wałbrzych Voivodeship). It is the seat of Dzierżoniów County, and of Gmina Dzierżoniów (although it is not part of the territory of the latter, since the town forms a separate urban gmina).
  Dzierżoniów covers an area of 20.1 km², and according to official figures for 2008 has a population of 34,396. It is named after Polish priest and scientist Jan Dzierżon.
  In its early history, the town was known as Reichenbach; composed of the German words reich (rich, strong) and Bach (stream), it refers to the current of the Piława River. The name was rendered in Polish as Rychbach. To differentiate between other places named Reichenbach, the Lower Silesian town became known in German as Reichenbach im Eulengebirge, or "Reichenbach in the Owl Mountains".
  Reichenbach was first mentioned in a document dating to 13 February 1258. The parish Church of St. George was also noted early on. The coat of arms, depicting Saint George slaying a dragon, was used by 1290 at the latest. The town passed successively from the Bishopric of Wrocław (Breslau), to the Duchy of Ziębice (Münsterberg), and to the Duchy of Świdnica-Jawor (Schweidnitz-Jauer). Reichenbach became part of the Kingdom of Bohemia in 1325 and the Knights Hospitaller built a school and hospital in the town in 1338. It was plundered by the Hussites during the 15th-century Hussite Wars.
  
  wn.com/Dzierżoniów
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  Dún Laoghaire
  Dún Laoghaire (Irish pronunciation: [d̪ˠuːn̪ˠ ˈɫeːrʲə]), sometimes unofficially spelt using modern Irish orthography as Dún Laoire, is a suburban seaside town in County Dublin, Ireland. It is about twelve kilometres south of Dublin city centre. Dún Laoghaire is the county town of Dún Laoghaire–Rathdown county and formerly a major port of entry from Great Britain. From 1821 to 1921 it was officially called "Kingstown".
  The town's name derives from Lóegaire mac Néill, a 5th century High King of Ireland, who chose the site as a sea base from which to carry out raids on Britain and Gaul. Dún is an Irish word meaning fort, and traces of fortifications from that period have been found on the coast. Some stone from that fort is preserved in the Maritime Museum.
  In rare cases, the anglicized spelling "Dunleary" (English pronunciation: /dʌnˈlɪəri/) is used.
  The present town of Dún Laoghaire dates from the 1820s. An earlier Dún Laoghaire village was located around the area where "The Purty Kitchen" pub is now located (sometimes mapped as "Old Dún Laoghaire"). Dún Laoghaire had a coffee house, and a small cove, both of which are shown on a number of old maps, and it may have had a salt mine (Salthill is close by). At that time, the area on which the town is currently located was a craggy, rocky pasture area with some quarries.
  
  wn.com/Dún_Laoghaire
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  Edinburgh
  Edinburgh (ⁱ/ˈɛdɪnbʌrə/ ED-in-burr-ə; Scottish Gaelic: Dùn Èideann) is the capital city of Scotland and the seat of the Scottish Parliament. It is the second largest city in Scotland and the seventh most populous in the United Kingdom. The City of Edinburgh Council governs one of Scotland's 32 local government council areas. The council area includes urban Edinburgh and a 30 square miles (78 km²) rural area. Located in the south-east of Scotland, Edinburgh lies on the east coast of the Central Belt, along the Firth of Forth, near the North Sea.
  The city was one of the historical major centres of the Enlightenment, led by the University of Edinburgh, helping to earn it the nickname Athens of the North. The Old Town and New Town districts of Edinburgh were listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1995 in recognition of the unique character of the Medieval Old Town and the planned Georgian New Town. It covers both the Old and New Towns together with the Dean Village and the Calton Hill areas. There are over 4,500 listed buildings within the city. In May 2010, it had a total of 40 conservation areas covering 23% of the building stock and 23% of the population, the highest such ratios of any major city in the UK. In the 2011 mid-year population estimates, Edinburgh had a total resident population of 495,360.
  
  wn.com/Edinburgh
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  Edleston
  Edleston is a civil parish in the unitary authority of Cheshire East and the ceremonial county of Cheshire, England, which lies immediately to the south west of Nantwich. For administrative purposes, it is combined with adjacent civil parishes of Acton and Henhull to form a total area of 765 hectares (1890 acres). The parish is predominantly rural with scattered farms and houses and no settlements. Nearby villages include Acton and Ravensmoor.
  According to the 2001 census, the parish had a population of 53.
  The Nantwich and Market Drayton Railway, constructed in 1863, ran southwards towards Audlem at the east of the parish; it is now dismantled.
  The parish of Edleston formerly had population figures of 88 (1801), 99 (1851), 74 (1901) and 58 (1951).
  The Shropshire Union Canal runs north–south through the parish and the River Weaver runs along its eastern boundary. Edleston Brook runs east–west across the parish. The Welsh Marches Railway runs from the north east to the south west, crossing the canal immediately adjacent to Edleston Bridge.
  
  wn.com/Edleston
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  Ellesmere Port
  Coordinates: 53°16′44″N 2°53′49″W / 53.279°N 2.897°W / 53.279; -2.897
  Ellesmere Port /ˈɛlzmɪərpɔrt/ is an industrial town and port in Cheshire, England. It is situated south of the Wirral border, on the banks of the Manchester Ship Canal, which in turn gives access to the River Mersey, and to the north of the city of Chester. The town had a population of 64,100 as of the 2001 Census.
  The town is primarily industrial, being dominated by an oil refinery at Stanlow and a former ICI chemical works. The town is also home to the Vauxhall Motors car factory, where the Astra range of cars is produced. There are a number of tourist attractions: the National Waterways Museum, the Blue Planet Aquarium and the Cheshire Oaks Designer Outlet which is owned by McArthurGlen Group.
  The town of Ellesmere Port was founded as an outlet to the sea from Ellesmere, Shropshire and the Welsh border area around Llangollen via a canal initially called the Ellesmere Canal. The canal was designed and engineered by William Jessop and Thomas Telford as part of a project to connect the rivers Severn, Mersey and Dee. The canal connected to the Mersey in the village of Netherpool, and the basin was known as Whitby Locks. The section between Whitby Locks and Chester was opened in 1795, connecting two of the rivers; but the connection to the Severn was never completed.
  
  wn.com/Ellesmere_Port
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  England
  England ⁱ/ˈɪŋɡlənd/ is a country that is part of the United Kingdom. It shares land borders with Scotland to the north and Wales to the west; the Irish Sea is to the north west, the Celtic Sea to the south west, while the North Sea to the east and the English Channel to the south separate it from continental Europe. Most of England comprises the central and southern part of the island of Great Britain in the North Atlantic. The country also includes over 100 smaller islands such as the Isles of Scilly and the Isle of Wight.
  The area now called England was first inhabited by modern humans during the Upper Palaeolithic period, but it takes its name from the Angles, one of the Germanic tribes who settled during the 5th and 6th centuries. England became a unified state in AD 927, and since the Age of Discovery, which began during the 15th century, has had a significant cultural and legal impact on the wider world. The English language, the Anglican Church, and English law—the basis for the common law legal systems of many other countries around the world—developed in England, and the country's parliamentary system of government has been widely adopted by other nations. The Industrial Revolution began in 18th-century England, transforming its society into the world's first industrialised nation. England's Royal Society laid the foundations of modern experimental science.
  
  wn.com/England
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  Faddiley
  Faddiley is a small village (at SJ 590 530) and civil parish in the unitary authority of Cheshire East and the ceremonial county of Cheshire, England. The village is located 4 miles to the west of Nantwich. The parish also includes the small settlements of Larden Green and Woodhey or Woodhey Green, with a total population of a little over 150. Nearby villages include Brindley, Burland, Chorley, Haughton and Ravensmoor.
  Since 1967, Faddiley has been administered by the Brindley and Faddiley Parish Council, jointly with the adjacent civil parish of Brindley.
  The A534 (Wrexham Road) runs east–west through the parish.
  According to the 2001 census, the civil parish had a population of 163. The historical population figures were 224 (1801), 314 (1851), 227 (1901) and 193 (1951).
  The grade-I-listed Woodhey Chapel is located near Woodhey Green. Formerly the chapel of the old Woodhey Hall, now demolished, it was built in around 1700 for the widow of Sir Thomas Wilbraham, the last baronet of Woodhey.
  
  wn.com/Faddiley
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  Forest of Bowland
  The Forest of Bowland, also known as the Bowland Fells, is an area of barren gritstone fells, deep valleys and peat moorland, mostly in north-east Lancashire, England. A small part lies in North Yorkshire, and much of the area was historically part of the West Riding of Yorkshire. Once described as the "Switzerland of England", it has been designated an Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty (AONB) since 1964, and is used for grouse shooting, walking and cycling, though it is relatively unfrequented by tourists. One of the best known features of the area is Pendle Hill, which is separated from the main part of the Forest of Bowland AONB by the Ribble Valley.
  In total, 13% of the AONB is designated a Site of Special Scientific Interest for its important areas of heather moorland and blanket bog. The area is nationally and internationally important for its upland bird populations – the hen harrier is the symbol of the AONB. There are over 500 listed buildings and 18 scheduled monuments within the AONB.
  
  wn.com/Forest_of_Bowland
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  France
  France (English ⁱ/ˈfræns/ FRANSS or /ˈfrɑːns/ FRAHNSS; French: [fʁɑ̃s] ( listen)), officially the French Republic (French: République française [ʁepyblik fʁɑ̃sɛz]), is a unitary semi-presidential republic in Western Europe with several overseas territories and islands located on other continents and in the Indian, Pacific, and Atlantic oceans. Metropolitan France extends from the Mediterranean Sea to the English Channel and the North Sea, and from the Rhine to the Atlantic Ocean. It is often referred to as l’Hexagone ("The Hexagon") because of the geometric shape of its territory. It is the largest western European country and it possesses the second-largest exclusive economic zone in the world, covering 11,035,000 km² (4,260,000 sq mi), just behind that of the United States (11,351,000 km² / 4,383,000 sq mi).
  Over the past 500 years, France has been a major power with strong cultural, economic, military and political influence in Europe and around the world. During the 17th and 18th centuries, France colonised great parts of North America and Southeast Asia; during the 19th and early 20th centuries, France built the second largest colonial empire of the time, including large portions of North, West and Central Africa, Southeast Asia, and many Caribbean and Pacific Islands.
  
  wn.com/France
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  Frodsham
  Coordinates: 53°17′42″N 2°43′30″W / 53.295°N 2.725°W / 53.295; -2.725
  Frodsham^{[needs IPA]} is a market town and civil parish in the unitary authority of Cheshire West and Chester and the ceremonial county of Cheshire, England. Its population is 8,982. It is approximately 3 miles (5 km) south of Runcorn, 16 miles (26 km) south of Liverpool, and approximately 28 miles (45 km) south-west of Manchester. The River Weaver runs to its north east and on the west it overlooks the estuary of the River Mersey. The A56 road and the Chester-Manchester railway line pass through the town, and the M56 motorway passes to the north west.
  In medieval times Frodsham was an important borough and port belonging to the Earls of Chester^{[citation needed]} Its parish church, St. Laurence's, still exhibits evidence of a building present in the 12th century in its nave^{[citation needed]} and is referenced in the Domesday Book.
  A market is held each Thursday, and Frodsham's viability as a trading centre is emphasised by the presence of the "big four" clearing banks and several building societies. Development in the town's shops and premises with alcohol licences is evident through the recent (post-2002) opening or modernisation of contemporary-style bar/restaurants, take-away food shops and public houses, and in the continued presence of small, specialised, businesses operating from town centre shops.
  
  wn.com/Frodsham
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  Gawsworth
  Gawsworth is a civil parish and village in the unitary authority of Cheshire East and the ceremonial county of Cheshire, England. It is one of the eight ancient parishes of Macclesfield Hundred. Twenty acres of the civil parish were transferred to Macclesfield civil parish in 1936
  The country houses Gawsworth Old Hall, Gawsworth New Hall and Gawsworth Old Rectory are in the village. The authors of the Buildings of England series state:
  There is nothing in Cheshire to compare with the loveliness of Gawsworth: three great houses and a distinguished church set around a descending string of pools, all within an enigmatic large-scale formal landscape.
  Media related to Gawsworth at Wikimedia Commons
  Coordinates: 53°13′N 2°10′W / 53.217°N 2.167°W / 53.217; -2.167
  
  
  
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  Germany
  Germany (ⁱ/ˈdʒɜrməni/), officially the Federal Republic of Germany (German: Bundesrepublik Deutschland, pronounced [ˈbʊndəsʁepuˌbliːk ˈdɔʏtʃlant] ( listen)), is a federal parliamentary republic in Europe. The country consists of 16 states while the capital and largest city is Berlin. Germany covers an area of 357,021 km² and has a largely temperate seasonal climate. With 81.8 million inhabitants, it is the most populous member state and the largest economy in the European Union. It is one of the major political powers of the European continent and a technological leader in many fields.
  A region named Germania, inhabited by several Germanic peoples, was documented before AD 100. During the Migration Period, the Germanic tribes expanded southward, and established successor kingdoms throughout much of Europe. Beginning in the 10th century, German territories formed a central part of the Holy Roman Empire. During the 16th century, northern German regions became the centre of the Protestant Reformation while southern and western parts remained dominated by Roman Catholic denominations, with the two factions clashing in the Thirty Years' War, marking the beginning of the Catholic–Protestant divide that has characterized German society ever since. Occupied during the Napoleonic Wars, the rise of Pan-Germanism inside the German Confederation resulted in the unification of most of the German states into the German Empire in 1871 which was Prussian dominated. After the German Revolution of 1918–1919 and the subsequent military surrender in World War I, the Empire was replaced by the Weimar Republic in 1918, and partitioned in the Treaty of Versailles. Amidst the Great Depression, the Third Reich was proclaimed in 1933. The latter period was marked by Fascism and World War II. After 1945, Germany was divided by allied occupation, and evolved into two states, East Germany and West Germany. In 1990 Germany was reunified.
  
  wn.com/Germany
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  Glasgow
  Coordinates: 55°51′29″N 4°15′32″W / 55.858°N 4.259°W / 55.858; -4.259
  Glasgow (ⁱ/ˈɡlɑːzɡəʊ/, locally /ˈɡlazɡo/, GLAZ-goh; Scots: Glesga  listen (help·info); Scottish Gaelic: Glaschu ([ˈkɫ̪as̪əxu]  listen (help·info))) is the largest city in Scotland and third most populous in the United Kingdom. The city is situated on the River Clyde in the country's West Central Lowlands.
  Glasgow grew from a small rural settlement on the River Clyde to become one of the largest seaports in Britain. Expanding from the medieval bishopric of Glasgow and the later establishment of the University of Glasgow in the 15th century, it became a major centre of the Scottish Enlightenment in the 18th century. From the 18th century the city also grew as one of Britain's main hubs of transatlantic trade with British North America and the British West Indies. With the Industrial Revolution, the city and surrounding region shifted to become one of the world's pre-eminent centres of heavy engineering, most notably in shipbuilding and marine engineering industry, which produced many innovative and famous vessels. Glasgow was known as the "Second City of the British Empire" for much of the Victorian era and Edwardian period. Today it is one of Europe's top ten financial centres and is home to many of Scotland's leading businesses. Glasgow is also ranked as the 57th most liveable city in the world.
  
  wn.com/Glasgow
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  Goathland
  Coordinates: 54°24′01″N 0°43′12″W / 54.40022°N 0.71995°W / 54.40022; -0.71995
  Goathland is a village and civil parish in the Scarborough district of North Yorkshire, England. It is in the North York Moors national park situated due north of Pickering, off the A169 to Whitby. It is surrounded by beautiful scenery, and has the advantage of having a station on the steam-operated North Yorkshire Moors Railway line.
  According to the 2001 UK census, Goathland parish had a population of 407.
  Goathland village sits 500 feet above sea level and has a history extending back to Viking times. In 1109 King Henry I granted land to Osmund the priest and brethren of the hermitage of Goathland (called Godelandia) for the soul of his mother Queen Matilda, who had died in 1083. This is recorded in a charter held at Whitby Abbey. The village was a spa town during the 19th century. It is still a very green area, with many stone footpaths. There are many hotels and guest houses in the village, the largest being the Mallyan Spout Hotel, named after the nearby beautiful waterfall. There is also a caravan site, reached by driving along the track which is the site of the older railway route, 1835 to 1860.
  
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  Goostrey
  Coordinates: 53°13′52″N 2°20′11″W / 53.231232°N 2.336356°W / 53.231232; -2.336356
  Goostrey is an old farming village and civil parish in the unitary authority of Cheshire East and the ceremonial county of Cheshire, England. It is located off Junction 18 of the M6 motorway, near Jodrell Bank Observatory. According to the 2001 Census, the civil parish had a total population of 2,201. The Parish of Goostrey was the fourth largest in the former Borough of Congleton, excluding the four towns, with a population of 2,180 at mid-1997. Its area of 10.26 square kilometres (2,535 acres) contains 900 houses of which fourteen are listed buildings and are considered as being of historical or architectural importance.^{[citation needed]}
  It is possible that Goostrey was a meeting place or even a settlement during the 1st millennium BC, as stone and bronze axe heads and barrows within the parish boundary show the area was inhabited before the Iron Age. Bronze Age barrows have also been found near Twemlow Hall and Terra Nova School on the edge of the parish. The 1,200-year-old yew tree in Goostrey's churchyard suggests that the mound on which the church is built was a focal point for a community during the Dark Ages of the 1st millennium. At that time Cheshire was under the control of the Wreocensæte people of Mercia.
  
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  Great Warford
  Coordinates: 53°17′20″N 2°16′30″W / 53.289°N 2.275°W / 53.289; -2.275
  Great Warford ( /ɡrɪtˈwɔrfəd/) is a small village and civil parish in the unitary authority of Cheshire East and the ceremonial county of Cheshire, England.
  A predominantly farming settlement that has existed for about a thousand years, it is now also important for private healthcare and property development. The population today is 1710.^{[citation needed]} There is no real municipal centre in terms of population density and importance; the "Warford Park" development is home to some 300 people. Its amenities include an on-site health/leisure club, tennis courts, Warford Park Bowling Club and several acres of gardens/lake and parkland.
  Great Warford does not have direct access to national transport networks, having no railway or bus station. It is however in the centre of "The Golden Triangle" subtended by Alderley Edge, Knutsford and Wilmslow and so is well served by varied schools, shops, restaurants, entertainment and places of worship. The North West's extensive motorway network is close enough without too much detrimental effect on its rural qualities. It is not far from Manchester Airport and a successful local golf club and an assortment of local footpaths provide the only remarkable tourist attractions.
  
  wn.com/Great_Warford
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  Hadley Wood
  Coordinates: 51°39′43″N 0°10′21″W / 51.66205°N 0.17245°W / 51.66205; -0.17245
  Hadley Wood is a suburb of North London, close to the border with Hertfordshire. It is located in the London Borough of Enfield, about 11 miles (17.7 km) north north-west of Charing Cross and is situated close to Barnet. In January 2008, it became part of the Transport for London London low emission zone, along with the majority of the rest of Greater London.
  Hadley Wood is served by Hadley Wood railway station with trains to Welwyn Garden City to the north and King's Cross and Moorgate to the south. The typical off-peak service pattern is 3 trains per hour in both directions Monday to Friday daytimes, reduced to 2 trains per hour in both direction in the later evenings and at weekends. There are other less frequent services to Stevenage and Letchworth.
  An infrequent service is provided at the bus stop across the road from the station by Transport for London bus route 399. This is a circular route from Barnet (the Spires) which serves Hadley Wood railway station on the return section of its journey. Buses run once an hour from this stop on Monday to Saturday from 10.06 until 14.06. There is no service on Sundays or public holidays.
  
  wn.com/Hadley_Wood
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  Hankelow
  Coordinates: 53°00′20″N 2°29′28″W / 53.00568°N 2.49107°W / 53.00568; -2.49107
  Hankelow is a village and civil parish in the unitary authority of Cheshire East, that is very close to, and the sister town of Alsager and is within the ceremonial county of Cheshire, England. It used to be a township within the township of Audlem, one mile away on the Nantwich Road. According to the 2001 Census, the parish had a population of 272 (271 cows).
  The current mayor of Hankelow is Hannah Maughan (also known as 'Alsager Hannah'), who won the 2012 mayoral election in controversial circumstances after initially losing the election 271-1 to a cow. Bovine votes were subsequently disregarded, resulting in a landslide victory for Mayor Maughan. .
  Hankelow is part of the Crewe and Nantwich parliamentary constituency. Following a parliamentary boundary review in 2008, the village will transfer to the Eddisbury parliamentary constituency upon the dissolution of parliament.
  Media related to Hankelow at Wikimedia Commons
  
  wn.com/Hankelow
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  Haslington
  Coordinates: 53°05′56″N 2°23′53″W / 53.099°N 2.398°W / 53.099; -2.398
  Haslington is a village and civil parish in the unitary authority of Cheshire East and the ceremonial county of Cheshire, England. It lies about 2 miles (3 km) north-east of the much larger railway town of Crewe and approximately 4 miles (6.5 km) south of Sandbach. It was originally situated on both sides of the section of the A534 road that links Crewe with Sandbach, however, this road has now been re-routed to bypass the village to the north-west. The village is also a close neighbour to a number of small towns and villages (including Alsager, Wheelock, Winterley), and is approximately 6 miles (9 km) from the Elizabethan market town of Nantwich.
  Haslington is not mentioned in the Domesday Book of 1086, so it is presumed that either the village came into existence afterwards, or was insignificantly small. The earliest mention of Haslington is in 1256, when it was called "Hesinglinton". The name is possibly derived from the phrase "tun among hazels", or "enclosure amongst hazel trees". Often, with settlement names ending with "tun" or "ton", such as Haslington, this indicates origins of a farm enclosed with a moat or fence. Later variations of the name were 'Halinton'; (1292, 1536), "Hasillinton" (1280), "Haselin(g)ton(e)" (1293 to 1586), and "Hass(e)lyn(g)ton" (1307 to 1432). Alternatively it has been suggested the Haslington's name derives from Thomas de Heslynton, an archer in the King's Bodyguard and a resident of Haslington, however this version of events is often discredited due to de Heslynton's life being after the earliest mentions of the village.
  
  wn.com/Haslington
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  Hassall
  Coordinates: 53°06′50″N 2°21′14″W / 53.114°N 2.354°W / 53.114; -2.354
  Hassall is a village and civil parish in the Borough of Cheshire East and the ceremonial county of Cheshire, England. The civil parish contains the very small hamlet of Day Green. According to the 2001 Official UK Census, the population was 281.
  Media related to Hassall at Wikimedia Commons
  
  
  
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  Henhull
  Henhull is a civil parish in the unitary authority of Cheshire East and the ceremonial county of Cheshire, England, which lies to the north west of Nantwich. For administrative purposes, it is combined with adjacent civil parishes of Acton and Edleston to form a total area of 765 hectares (1890 acres). The parish is predominantly rural with scattered farms and houses and no large settlements. It includes the hamlets of Basin End, Bluestone, Welshmen's Green and part of Burford. Nearby villages include Acton and Rease Heath.
  According to the 2001 census, Henhull had a population of 71.
  Different meanings have been suggested for the name 'Henhull'. Hen Heol is Welsh for 'old street', which might refer to the Roman road from Middlewich to Whitchurch, excavated in 1987, which runs through the parish. Alternatively, Henhull or Henhill means a place for woodhens or other waterfowl.
  The hamlet of Bluestone is named after a granite boulder glacial deposit situated near the Burford crossroads in Acton civil parish, which was unearthed during road building and is believed to originate from Cumbria. The name is thought to derive from blue porphyritic crystals, which are no longer visible. A local legend suggests that the boulder was thrown at Acton church from Bickerton Hill by the Devil.
  
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  High Legh
  Coordinates: 53°21′07″N 2°27′04″W / 53.352°N 2.451°W / 53.352; -2.451
  High Legh is a village and civil parish in the unitary authority of Cheshire East and the ceremonial county of Cheshire, England. It lies six miles north west of Knutsford, seven miles east of Warrington and seventeen miles south west of Manchester City Centre.
  According to the 2001 census, the population of the entire civil parish was 1,632.
  Unusually this village was home to two ancient landed gentry families for generations, namely: Leigh of West Hall and Cornwall-Legh of East Hall. Both halls have now been demolished, but both families are still represented today, the head of the West Hall family being Edward Leigh MP but no longer associated or living within the parish and that of the East Hall family headed by Richard, 6th Baron Grey of Codnor. A member of a cadet branch of the Leigh of West Hall family was created a baronet in 1773, becoming Sir Egerton Leigh, but this title is now dormant. The third lords of the manor were the Egertons of Tatton and all three landed families swapped and consolidated their estates throughout the 18th and 19th centuries until the Egerton Leighs sold their High Legh estate to the Cornwall-Leghs just before World War I. When Maurice, the last Lord Egerton of Tatton, sold off the remaining farms and land in High Legh in the 1930s, so ended a connection dating back to the 13th century.
  
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  Higham Ferrers
  Coordinates: 52°18′21″N 0°35′04″W / 52.3057°N 0.5844°W / 52.3057; -0.5844
  Higham Ferrers is a market town in the Nene Valley in East Northamptonshire, England, close to the Cambridgeshire and Bedfordshire borders. It forms a single urban area with Rushden to the south and has an estimated population of 6,086. The town centre contains many historic buildings around the Market Square and College Street.
  The first Charter of 1251 was the result of a deliberate act of a far sighted Lord of the Manor, William de Ferrers, who created the Borough in order to promote prosperous community at the gates of his castle, where people had begun to settle in numbers and to trade in the ancient market.
  Henry Chichele (c. 1364 – 12 April 1443) was born in Higham Ferrers and is noted for becoming Archbishop of Canterbury and founding of All Souls College, Oxford.
  The second Charter was granted in 1556 following the accession of Mary Tudor. For many years the Town provided a safe seat for a supporter of the Crown nominated by the Duchy of Lancaster, the biggest land owner. When James 1st came to the throne the opportunity was taken to obtain a confirmation and further extension of civic powers and liberties by the Charter of 1604. Again after the Restoration of Charles 2nd to the throne and the passing of the Corporations Act of 1662 the liberties were confirmed and extended.
  
  wn.com/Higham_Ferrers
• Higher Hurdsfield
  Coordinates: 53°16′16″N 2°05′46″W / 53.271°N 2.096°W / 53.271; -2.096 Higher Hurdsfield is a village and civil parish in the unitary authority of Cheshire East and the ceremonial county of Cheshire, England. It has a population of around 300, and is situated on the eastern outskirts of Macclesfield around 7 miles from the border of Derbyshire and Cheshire. The nearest village is Rainow.
  Media related to Higher Hurdsfield at Wikimedia Commons
  
  
  
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  History of Cheshire
  The history of Cheshire can be traced back to the Hoxnian Interglacial, between 38,0000 BC and 40,0000 BC. Primitive tools that date to that period have been found. Stone Age remains has been found showing more permanent habitation during the Neolithic period, and by the Iron Age the area is known to have been occupied by the Celtic Cornovii tribe.
  The Romans occupied Cheshire for almost 400 years, from 70 AD, and created the town and fort of Deva Victrix, now Chester. After the Romans withdrew, Cheshire formed part of Mercia, an Anglo-Saxon kingdom, that saw invasions from the Welsh and Danes. The Norman Conquest in 1070 saw Cheshire harshly ruled by the occupiers as local people resented the invaders and rebelled. War again swept the county during the English Civil War in 1642, despite an attempt by local gentry to keep the county neutral.
  The industrial revolution saw population changes in Cheshire as farm workers moved to the factories of Manchester and Lancashire. In the 18th and 19th centuries there was a resurgence in the country houses of Cheshire and canals and railways were built.
  
  wn.com/History_of_Cheshire
• 
  Holmes Chapel
  Coordinates: 53°12′14″N 2°21′11″W / 53.204°N 2.353°W / 53.204; -2.353
  Holmes Chapel is a village and civil parish in the unitary authority of Cheshire East and the ceremonial county of Cheshire, England. Until 1974 the parish was known as Church Hulme. Holmes Chapel is a located approximately 8 north of Crewe and 21 miles south of Manchester.
  At the 2001 Census the population of the village was recorded as 5,669. According to the Index of Deprivation, the village ranks as the 18th least deprived ward in the United Kingdom (out of 8,414). Holmes Chapel railway station is a commuter town and has services to Manchester and Crewe. Swettenham Meadows Nature Reserve lies 2.5 miles (4 km) east of the village and Goostrey lies to the north.
  The village has a number of public houses including The George and Dragon, The Red Lion, The Swan. There is also a shopping precinct with a supermarket, fish and chip take away, off licence, pizzeria, betting shop, estate agent, a chemist and a library, which has recently had an extension. There is also a hardware shop, Morreys of Holmes Chapel, which has been in the village for over a century and Mandevilles, a bakery. The village has one secondary school, Holmes Chapel Comprehensive School.
  
  wn.com/Holmes_Chapel
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  Holyhead
  Coordinates: 53°18′32″N 4°37′58″W / 53.3088°N 4.6328°W / 53.3088; -4.6328
  Holyhead (ⁱ/ˈhɒlɪhɛd/ HOL-i-hed; Welsh: Caergybi [kɑːɨrˈɡəbi], "the town of Cybi") is the largest town in the county of Anglesey in North Wales. It is also a major port adjacent to the Irish Sea serving Ireland.
  Despite being the largest town in the county, with a population of 11,237 (2001 census), it is neither the county town nor actually on the island of Anglesey. Holyhead is located on Holy Island. It was originally connected to Anglesey via Four Mile Bridge, so called because it was four miles (6 km) from Holyhead on the old turnpike Road to London. In the mid 19th century, Lord Stanley, a local philanthropist, funded the building of a larger causeway.^{[citation needed]} Known locally as "The Cob", it now carries the A5 and the railway line. The A55 dual carriageway runs parallel to The Cob on a modern causeway.
  The town centre is built around St. Cybi's Church, which is built inside one of Europe's few three-walled Roman forts (the fourth wall being the sea, which used to come up to the fort). The Romans also built a watchtower on the top of Holyhead Mountain inside Mynydd y Twr, a prehistoric hillfort. Settlements in the area date from prehistoric times, with circular huts, burial chambers and standing stones featuring in the highest concentration in Britain. The current lighthouse is on South Stack on the other side of Holyhead Mountain and is open to the public. The area is also popular with birdwatchers.
  
  wn.com/Holyhead
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  Hulme Walfield
  Coordinates: 53°10′58″N 2°13′43″W / 53.182778°N 2.228679°W / 53.182778; -2.228679
  Hulme Walfield is a small village and civil parish, just north of Congleton, in the unitary authority of Cheshire East and the ceremonial county of Cheshire. It is home to most of Westlow Mere. According to the 2001 census, the population of the civil parish was 140.
  Because of its small size, it has a grouping arrangement with the adjacent civil parish of Somerford Booths and holds joint parish council meetings. The parish council is therefore known as Hulme Walfield & Somerford Booths parish council.
  Media related to Hulme Walfield at Wikimedia Commons
  
  
  
  wn.com/Hulme_Walfield
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  Hunsterson
  Hunsterson is a hamlet (at SJ697461) and civil parish in the unitary authority of Cheshire East and the ceremonial county of Cheshire, England. The hamlet is located 2¾ miles to the north east of Audlem and 6 miles to the south of Crewe. The parish also includes the settlements of Brown Moss, Four Lane End, Foxes Bank and Whittaker's Green. The total population is a little over 150. Nearby villages include Audlem, Buerton, Hatherton and Hankelow.
  Hunsterson is administered by Doddington and District Parish Council, which also includes the parishes of Blakenhall, Bridgemere, Checkley cum Wrinehill, Doddington and Lea. From 1974 the civil parish was served by Crewe and Nantwich Borough Council, which was succeeded on 1 April 2009 by the new unitary authority of Cheshire East . Hunsterson falls in the parliamentary constituency of Crewe and Nantwich, which has been represented by Edward Timpson since a by-election in 2008.
  The area is relatively flat with an average elevation of around 70 metres. The civil parish is predominantly rural, with the major land use being agricultural. Part of Doddington Park falls within the north east of the parish, including an unnamed lake south east of Pepperstreet Moss. Landscaped in the 18th century by Capability Brown, the park is listed at grade II by the National Register of Historic Parks and Gardens. There several areas of mixed woodland, particularly in the north east of the parish, including Black Covert, Chapel Wood, Pepperstreet Moss, The Reeds and part of Birchenhill Wood. Ridley's Pool lies within Chapel Wood, and numerous small meres and ponds are scattered across the parish. Birchall Brook forms part of the southern boundary, and several unnamed brooks run through the parish.
  
  wn.com/Hunsterson
• 
  Hurleston
  Coordinates: 53°05′28″N 2°34′01″W / 53.091°N 2.567°W / 53.091; -2.567
  Hurleston is a civil parish in the unitary authority of Cheshire East and the ceremonial county of Cheshire, England, which lies to the north west of Nantwich. The parish is predominantly rural with scattered farms and buildings and no settlements. Nearby villages include Barbridge, Burland, Radmore Green, Rease Heath and Stoke Bank.
  According to the 2001 census, the parish had a population of 64.
  Hurleston is administered by Stoke and Hurleston Parish Council jointly with the adjacent civil parish of Stoke. From 1974 the civil parish was served by Crewe and Nantwich Borough Council, which was succeeded on 1 April 2009 by the new unitary authority of Cheshire East . Hurleston falls in the parliamentary constituency of Eddisbury, and has been represented by Stephen O'Brien since 1999.
  The civil parish includes several small deciduous and mixed woodlands including Bachehouse Covert, and also the mere of Bachehouse Pool and most of Hurleston Reservoir.
  
  wn.com/Hurleston
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  Kettleshulme
  Coordinates: 53°18′50″N 2°01′05″W / 53.314°N 2.018°W / 53.314; -2.018
  Kettleshulme (Old Norse/Old Danish Ketil's island or Ketil's watermeadow) is a small village and civil parish in the unitary authority of Cheshire East and the ceremonial county of Cheshire, England. The village is close to the border with Derbyshire, on the B5470 road (Macclesfield Road) from Whaley Bridge to Macclesfield, in the valley of the Todd Brook, a tributary of the River Goyt between Sponds Hill and Taxal Edge. The civil parish has a population of around 353 people.
  Kettleshulme is built on the boundary of the Carboniferous limestone and the Derbyshire, Cheshire shale and gritstone. The original settlement mainly consisted of a mixture of limestone and sandstone buildings, including the old Church, built in the 19th century out of limestone quarried near the town of Buxton, around 7 miles away. At 1000 ft above sea level, Kettleshulme is relatively high up which makes the weather colder at times, but its location and climate make the land very suitable for farming. The nearest weather station in Buxton recorded that the area has a mean temperature on average since 1969 up to the present day of 7.8.C and average rainfall per year of 1286 mm.
  
  wn.com/Kettleshulme
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  Knaresborough Castle
  Knaresborough Castle is a ruined fortress overlooking the River Nidd in the town of Knaresborough, North Yorkshire, England.
  The castle was first built by a Norman baron in c.1100 on a cliff above the River Nidd. There is documentary evidence dating from 1130 referring to works carried out at the castle by Henry I. In the 1170s Hugh de Moreville and his followers took refuge there after assassinating Thomas Becket.
  In 1205 King John took control of Knareborough Castle. He regarded Knaresborough as an important northern fortress and spent £1,290 on improvements to the castle.^{[citation needed]} The castle was later rebuilt at a cost of £2,174 between 1307 and 1312 by Edward I and later completed by Edward II, including the great keep.John of Gaunt acquired the castle in 1372, adding it to the vast holdings of the Duchy of Lancaster.
  The castle was taken by Parliamentarian troops in 1644 during the Civil War, and largely destroyed in 1648 not as the result of warfare, but because of an order from Parliament to dismantle all Royalist castles. Indeed, many town centre buildings are built of 'castle stone'.
  
  wn.com/Knaresborough_Castle
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  Knutsford
  Coordinates: 53°18′00″N 2°22′16″W / 53.300°N 2.371°W / 53.300; -2.371
  Knutsford is a town and civil parish in the unitary authority area of Cheshire East and the ceremonial county of Cheshire, in North West England. It is located about 15 miles (24 km) south-west of Manchester and 11 miles (18 km) northwest of Macclesfield.
  Knutsford is situated on the Cheshire Plain, between the Peak District in the South Pennines to the east and the Clwydian Range in the Welsh mountains to the west. Knutsford's proximity to Manchester has both now and historically helped it become a commuter town for those employed in Manchester. Today the town's location gives residents easy access to Merseyside as well as Manchester.
  Knutsford's main town centre streets, Princess Street (also known locally as Top Street) and King Street lower down, and also known as Bottom Street, form the "hub" of the town. At one end of the narrow King Street is an entrance to Tatton Park. The Tatton estate was home to the Egerton family, and has given its name to Tatton parliamentary constituency, which also includes the neighbouring communities of Alderley Edge and Wilmslow. Former Parliamentary representatives include the BBC war correspondent Martin Bell, who stood as an Independent in 1997 to defeat the disgraced former Conservative Party MP, Neil Hamilton.
  
  wn.com/Knutsford
• 
  Lancaster Castle
  Lancaster Castle is a medieval castle located in Lancaster in the English county of Lancashire. Its early history is unclear, but may have been founded in the 11th century on the site of a Roman fort overlooking a crossing of the River Lune. In 1164, the Honour of Lancaster, including the castle, came under royal control. In 1322 and 1389 the Scots invaded England, progressing as far as Lancaster and damaging the castle. It was not to see military action again until the English Civil War. The castle was first used as a prison in 1196 although this aspect became more important during the English Civil War. The castle buildings are owned by Lancashire County Council, which leases a major part of the structure to the Ministry of Justice who operate a crown court in part of the building. The site is owned by the Duchy of Lancaster.
  In 79 AD, a Roman fort was built at Lancaster on a hill commanding a crossing over the River Lune. Little is known about Lancaster between the end of the Roman occupation of England in the early 5th century and the Norman Conquest in the late 11th century. The layout of the town was influenced by the Roman fort and the associated civilian settlement; the main road through the town was the route that led east from the fort. After the Norman Conquest in the second half of the 11th century, Lancaster was part of the Earldom of Northumbria; it was claimed by the kings of England and Scotland. In 1092, William II established a permanent border with Scotland further north by capturing Carlisle. It is generally thought that Lancaster Castle was founded in the 1090s, on the site of the Roman fort in a strategic location. The castle is the oldest standing building in Lancaster, and one of the most important. The history of the structure is uncertain; this is partly due to its continued use as a prison, which prevents extensive archaeological investigation.
  
  wn.com/Lancaster_Castle
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  Little Bollington
  Coordinates: 53°22′34″N 2°24′32″W / 53.376°N 2.409°W / 53.376; -2.409
  Little Bollington is a village and civil parish in the unitary authority of Cheshire East and the ceremonial county of Cheshire, England. The Bridgewater Canal runs through the western side of the parish from south-west to north, and Dunham Park lies to the north east of the parish, across the county border in Greater Manchester.
  According to the 2001 census, the population of the parish is 162. The parish is small, and so in place of the usual parish council, the parish administration takes place via a parish meeting.
  At Fairy Brow in Little Bollington, there is evidence of Bronze Age activity. An archaeological dig by South Trafford Archaeological Group was carried out in 1983. The excavation uncovered an oval, Bronze Age burial pit. In the burial were cremated remains with a tanged knife, approximately 8 cm long; the remains were radio carbon dated to about 1500 BC, the knife was most likely contemporary. According to the Domesday survey in 1086, the manor of Little Bollington was held by the Saxon thegn Aelfward and later by the Norman Hamon de Mascy. The northern part of Little Bollington was in the medieval parish of Bowdon.
  
  wn.com/Little_Bollington
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  Little Warford
  Coordinates: 53°17′14″N 2°17′11″W / 53.287148°N 2.286387°W / 53.287148; -2.286387
  Little Warford is a village and civil parish in the unitary authority of Cheshire East and the ceremonial county of Cheshire, England. It has a population of 275. The parish contains the The David Lewis Centre, a charity set up by David Lewis, the founder of Lewis's. It is a registered charity which aims to provide medical, educational, residential and assessment services for people with epilepsy and other neurological conditions.
  Little Warford civil parish was created in 1951 when the civil parish of Marthall cum Warford was abolished and divided into two parts: Little Warford and Marthall civil parishes. It was in Bucklow Rural District until 1974, after which it was served by Macclesfield Borough Council; this in turn was succeeded on 1 April 2009 by the new unitary authority of Cheshire East.
  Marthall cum Warford had been a township in Rostherne ancient parish, and had been created a separate civil parish in 1866. It had been in Bucklow Hundred. From 1836 to 1895 it had been in Altrincham Poor Law Union, when it was transferred to Bucklow Poor Law Union until 1930. It was also in Altrincham Rural Sanitary District. From 1894 to 1895 it had been in Altrincham Rural District, and from 1895 to 1951 it had been part of Bucklow Rural District.
  
  wn.com/Little_Warford
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  Liverpool
  Liverpool ( /ˈlɪvəpuːl/) is a city and metropolitan borough of Merseyside, England, along the eastern side of the Mersey Estuary. It was founded as a borough in 1207 and was granted city status in 1880. According to the Office for National Statistics, the 2010 mid-year population estimate for Liverpool was 445,200 and was part of a larger urban area of 816,216.
  Historically a part of Lancashire, the urbanisation and expansion of Liverpool were both largely brought about by the city's status as a major port. By the 18th century, trade from the West Indies, Ireland and mainland Europe coupled with close links with the Atlantic Slave Trade furthered the economic expansion of Liverpool. By the early 19th century, 40% of the world's trade passed through Liverpool's docks, contributing to Liverpool's rise as a major city.
  Inhabitants of Liverpool are referred to as Liverpudlians but are also colloquially known as "Scousers", in reference to the local dish known as "scouse", a form of stew. The word "Scouse" has also become synonymous with the Liverpool accent and dialect. Liverpool's status as a port city has contributed to its diverse population, which, historically, were drawn from a wide range of peoples, cultures, and religions, particularly those from Ireland. The city is also home to the oldest Black African community in the country and the oldest Chinese community in Europe.
  
  wn.com/Liverpool
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  London
  London ⁱ/ˈlʌndən/ is the capital city of England and the United Kingdom, the largest metropolitan area in the United Kingdom, and the largest urban zone in the European Union by most measures. Located on the River Thames, London has been a major settlement for two millennia, its history going back to its founding by the Romans, who named it Londinium. London's ancient core, the City of London, largely retains its square-mile mediaeval boundaries. Since at least the 19th century, the name London has also referred to the metropolis developed around this core. The bulk of this conurbation forms the London region and the Greater London administrative area, governed by the elected Mayor of London and the London Assembly.
  London is a leading global city, with strengths in the arts, commerce, education, entertainment, fashion, finance, healthcare, media, professional services, research and development, tourism and transport all contributing to its prominence. It is the world's leading financial centre alongside New York City and has the fifth-largest city GDP in the world (and the largest in Europe). London has been described as a world cultural capital. It was the world's most visited city during 2011 and London Heathrow is the world's busiest airport by number of international passengers. London's 43 universities form the largest concentration of higher education in Europe. In 2012 London will become the first city to host the modern Summer Olympic Games three times.
  
  wn.com/London
• Lower Withington
  Lower Withington is a civil parish and village in the unitary authority of Cheshire East and the ceremonial county of Cheshire, England. At the 2001 census, it had a total population of 492. It contains a tin tabernacle church and a brick built chapel, two pubs, a few B&B's and various other businesses.
  The village keeps a great sense of tradition, and every year there is a Rose Day Parade and fair. There is also a carol service during the Christmas season. The Jodrell Bank Observatory lies mostly within the parish.
  Media related to Lower Withington at Wikimedia Commons
  Coordinates: 53°13′29″N 2°16′46″W / 53.224756°N 2.279380°W / 53.224756; -2.279380
  
  
  
  wn.com/Lower_Withington
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  Lyme Handley
  Coordinates: 53°20′20″N 2°03′14″W / 53.339°N 2.054°W / 53.339; -2.054
  Lyme Handley, sometimes known as Lyme, is a small civil parish in between Disley and Stockport, in the unitary authority of Cheshire East and the ceremonial county of Cheshire, England. According to the 2001 census, it had a population of 151.
  It is also greenbelt area on the suburbs of Greater Manchester attracting many visitors in the summer months for walking and picnics and in winter for sledging. The most famous feature of Lyme is Lyme Park its Tudor house with gardens built in the 1720s. This was made most famous when it featured as Mr Darcy's house in the BBC dramatisation of Pride and Prejudice. The house has 17 acres (69,000 m²) of well maintained Victorian era gardens and is also open to visitors who want to go on guided tours of the three story house which also has a large collection of English clocks.
  The rest of the area consists of small farms which were all once part of the Handley estate but parcelled off at the turn of the 20th century. These mostly farm sheep with some cattle. In the past Lyme Handley had its own flax mill so provided a use for a crop other than grass that could be grown on what isn't that fertile a soil type but although the mill is still present it is no longer used or functional.
  
  wn.com/Lyme_Handley
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  Macclesfield
  Coordinates: 53°15′29″N 2°07′39″W / 53.2581°N 2.1274°W / 53.2581; -2.1274
  Macclesfield is a market town within the unitary authority of Cheshire East, the county palatine of Chester, also known as the ceremonial county of Cheshire, England. The population of the Macclesfield urban sub-area at the time of the 2001 census was 50,688. A person from Macclesfield is sometimes referred to as a "Maxonian", (this reference has been popularised by the local newspapers and did not exist before the 1990s^{[citation needed]}). Macclesfield, like many other areas in Cheshire, is considered to be a relatively affluent town.
  Situated in the ancient Domesday Hundred of Hamestan, the Domesday Book lists Macclesfield as "Maclesfeld", whilst in 1183 it was referred to as "Makeslesfeld". It was once thought that Macclesfield got its name from "Michael's field" - referring to St. Michael, as in St. Michael's church, but that cannot be the case since the original dedication of the church was to 'All Saints'. The English Place-Name Society gives it name as being derived from the Old English for Maccels' field or Maccels' open country.
  
  wn.com/Macclesfield
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  Manchester
  Coordinates: 53°28′N 2°14′W / 53.467°N 2.233°W / 53.467; -2.233
  Manchester ⁱ/ˈmæntʃɛstər/ is a city and metropolitan borough in Greater Manchester, England with an estimated population of 498,800 in 2010. Manchester lies within one of the United Kingdom's largest urban areas; the Greater Manchester Urban Area which has a population of 2.2 million. The demonym of Manchester is Mancunian and the local authority is Manchester City Council.
  Manchester is situated in the south-central part of North West England, fringed by the Cheshire Plain to the south and the Pennines to the north and east. The recorded history of Manchester began with the civilian settlement associated with the Roman fort of Mamucium, which was established in c. 79 AD on a sandstone bluff near the confluence of the rivers Medlock and Irwell. Historically, most of the city was a part of Lancashire, although areas south of the River Mersey were in Cheshire. Throughout the Middle Ages Manchester remained a manorial township, but it began to expand "at an astonishing rate" around the turn of the 19th century. Manchester's unplanned urbanisation was brought on by a boom in textile manufacture during the Industrial Revolution, and resulted in it becoming the world's first industrialised city. An early 19th-century factory building boom transformed Manchester from a township into a major mill town and borough that was granted city status in 1853. In 1894 the Manchester Ship Canal was built, creating the Port of Manchester.
  
  wn.com/Manchester
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  Marthall
  Coordinates: 53°16′41″N 2°18′10″W / 53.278092°N 2.302749°W / 53.278092; -2.302749
  Marthall is a village in the unitary authority of Cheshire East and the ceremonial county of Cheshire, England. It is around 3 miles from Knutsford.
  The village is small, it has a village hall, a church as well as a pub (The Egerton Arms). In 1976, Marthall civil parish was formed in its present state by including the neighbouring village, Ollerton. Although they still keep their old identities and village boundaries, they come together in a shared Parish Council and other facilities.
  
  
  
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  Middlewich
  Coordinates: 53°11′31″N 2°26′35″W / 53.192°N 2.443°W / 53.192; -2.443
  Middlewich (pop. 13,000) is a market town in the unitary authority of Cheshire East and the ceremonial county of Cheshire, England. It is 19.2 miles (30.9 km) east of the city of Chester, 2.9 miles (4.7 km) east of Winsford, 5.3 miles (8.5 km) southeast of Northwich and 4.7 miles (7.6 km) northwest of Sandbach.
  There has been a settlement at Middlewich since at least the time of the Roman occupation. As a wich town, Middlewich is an important centre for the extraction of salt; in earlier years it was also known for its production of Cheshire cheese, silk, and its agriculture. In the present day it is known for its canals, its heritage events and its festivals. The parish church of St. Michael and All Angels, dates back to the 12th century.
  Middlewich lies on the confluence of three rivers: the Dane, Croco and Wheelock. Three canals also pass through the town, the Shropshire Union, Trent and Mersey, and the Wardle canal, as well as three major roads, the A533, A54 and A530; Middlewich also has good motorway links to the nearby cities of Manchester and Liverpool. The town's population has doubled since 1970 despite a reduction in the number of manufacturing jobs in salt and textile manufacturing, suggesting that many of the new residents live in Middlewich for reasons other than local employment.
  
  wn.com/Middlewich
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  Minshull Vernon
  Coordinates: 53°08′24″N 2°28′23″W / 53.14°N 2.473°W / 53.14; -2.473
  Minshull Vernon is a hamlet and civil parish in the unitary authority of Cheshire East and the ceremonial county of Cheshire, England. The hamlet lies 3 miles (5 km) to the north west of Crewe, south east of Winsford and south west of Middlewich. The parish also includes the small settlements of Bradfield Green, Eardswick, Hoolgrave, Minshull Hill, Walley's Green and Weaver Bank. The total population of the civil parish is somewhat over 200. Nearby villages include Church Minshull, Warmingham and Wimboldsley.
  The River Weaver and the Middlewich branch of the Shropshire Union Canal run through the area.
  A Roman road between Nantwich and Middlewich ran northwards through the civil parish; several stretches of the road, as well as a Roman bridge, have been uncovered in excavations. Minshull Vernon and the adjacent parish of Church Minshull appear in the Domesday survey as Maneshale, which formed part of the extensive lands of William Malbank (also William Malbedeng) and had a hawk's eyrie and four deer enclosures. The remains of two medieval moated sites provide evidence for settlement during that period. In the Tudor period, Minshull Vernon formed part of the lands of the Venable family, lords of Middlewich. A description of the parish from the early 17th century records its great and spacious farms.
  
  wn.com/Minshull_Vernon
• Mobberley
  Mobberley is a semi-rural village and civil parish in the unitary authority of Cheshire East and the ceremonial county of Cheshire, situated between Wilmslow and Knutsford. Mobberley railway station lies on the Manchester to Northwich and Chester line and was opened on 12 May, 1862 by the Cheshire Midland Railway which was absorbed by the Cheshire Lines Committee on 15 August 1867. Manchester Airport is located to the north. According to the 2001 census the parish had a population of 2,546.
  Mobberley is mentioned as "Motburlege", in the Domesday Book of 1086. A priory was located here. Antrobus Hall was built in 1709.
  Mobberley is best known as the home of the Mallory family: George Mallory (1886–1924), a mountaineer who died attempting Mount Everest, and Air Chief Marshall Sir Trafford Leigh-Mallory were both born in Mobberley. Their father, The Rev. Herbert Leigh Mallory, was rector of Mobberley.
  The church was mainly constructed around 1245. It was until recently dedicated to both St Wilfrid & St Mary although in recent years St Mary has been "dropped".
  
  wn.com/Mobberley
• Moreton cum Alcumlow
  Moreton cum Alcumlow is a small civil parish in the unitary authority of Cheshire East and the ceremonial county of Cheshire, England. In the census of 2001 it was recorded as having a population of 150. The civil parish holds a parish council meeting under a grouping scheme with the adjacent civil parish of Newbold Astbury, and so it is consequently called Newbold Astbury-cum-Moreton Parish Council. Within the civil parish is the small village of Ackers Crossing, and Alcumlow Hall and Great Moreton Hall (Little Moreton Hall is in the adjacent civil parish of Odd Rode.)
  Media related to Moreton cum Alcumlow at Wikimedia Commons
  
  
  
  wn.com/Moreton_cum_Alcumlow
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  Mâcon
  Coordinates: 46°18′23″N 4°49′53″E / 46.30630°N 4.8313°E / 46.30630; 4.8313
  Mâcon (French pronunciation: [ma.kɔ̃]) is a small city (commune) in central France. It is prefecture of the Saône-et-Loire department, in the region of Bourgogne, and the capital of the Mâconnais district. Mâcon is home to over 35,000 residents, called Mâconnais.
  The city lies on the western bank of the Saône river, between Bresse in the East and the Beaujolais hills in the South. Mâcon is the southernmost city in the region of Burgundy. It is located 65 kilometres north of Lyon and 400 kilometres from Paris.
  The Saône river runs through the town. The climate is temperate with a slight continental tendency.
  The agglomeration of Mâcon originates from the establishment of an oppidum and of a river port by the Celts from the Aedui, probably at the beginning of the first century BC. Known then under the name of Matisco, the town developed significantly during the age of the Roman Empire. During the 4th century, the town was fortified.
  
  wn.com/Mâcon
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  Nantwich
  Coordinates: 53°04′01″N 2°31′19″W / 53.067°N 2.522°W / 53.067; -2.522
  Nantwich is a market town and civil parish in the Borough of Cheshire East and the ceremonial county of Cheshire, England. The town gives its name to the parliamentary constituency of Crewe and Nantwich. In 2001 Nantwich had a population of 12,515.
  The origins of the settlement date to Roman times^{[citation needed]} when salt from Nantwich was used by the Roman garrisons at Chester (Deva Victrix) and Stoke-on-Trent as both a preservative and a condiment. Salt has been used in the production of Cheshire cheese and in the tanning industry, both products of the dairy industry based in the Cheshire Plain around the town. Wich and wych are names used to denote brine springs or wells. In 1194 there is a reference to the town as being called Nametwihc, which would indicate it was once the site of a pre-Roman Celtic nemeton or sacred grove.
  In the Domesday Book, Nantwich is recorded as having eight salt houses. It had a castle and was the capital of a barony of the earls of Chester, and of a hundred (one of the seven sub-divisions of medieval Cheshire). Nantwich is one of the few places in Cheshire to be marked on the Gough Map, which dates from 1355–66. It was first recorded as an urban area at the time of the Norman conquest – the Normans burned the town to the ground leaving only one building standing.
  
  wn.com/Nantwich
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  Neston
  Coordinates: 53°17′20″N 3°04′26″W / 53.289°N 3.074°W / 53.289; -3.074
  Neston is a small residential town and civil parish in the unitary authority of Cheshire West and Chester. It is situated on the part of the Wirral Peninsula that remains in the ceremonial county of Cheshire, England.Parkgate is located to the north west and the villages of Little Neston and Ness to the south of the town. At the 2001 Census the population of Neston ward was recorded as 3,521. The town and civil parish also includes Little Neston; Parkgate; and Riverside wards; along with part of Burton and Ness ward, and has a population of 15,162.
  The name is of Viking origin, deriving from the Old Norse Nes-tún, meaning 'farmstead at/near the promontory'. Another Nesttun town can be found near Bergen, Norway. It is also mentioned in the Domesday Book as Nestone under the ownership of a William Fitznigel.
  A Royal Charter was granted to Neston in 1728 in support of its status as a market town.
  Historically, the current town was known as Great Neston, in order to be distinct from the smaller nearby hamlet of Little Neston. Before the rise of Birkenhead in the 1820s, it was the largest town in the Wirral Hundred. Great Neston included the hamlets of Clayhill, Hinderton, Moorside and part of Parkgate. The population of Great Neston was 1,486 in 1801 and 1,524 in 1851. In 1894, both Great Neston and Little Neston were combined to create Neston-cum-Parkgate and by 1901, the population had risen to 2,201.
  
  wn.com/Neston
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  Nether Alderley
  Coordinates: 53°17′02″N 2°14′15″W / 53.283795°N 2.237393°W / 53.283795; -2.237393
  Nether Alderley is a village and civil parish in Cheshire, England. It lies on the A34, about a mile and a half south of Alderley Edge.
  The parish includes the crossroads of Monk's Heath, where the A34 crosses the A537, and the AstraZeneca research laboratories at Alderley Park. These 20,000m² of multi-disciplinary laboratories house 260 cancer research scientists. According to the 2001 census, the population of the parish was 571.
  New slip road being built at the Monks Heath crossroads, Cheshire, England, 22 April 2010
  Widening a country lane which bypasses the Monks Heath crossroads, Cheshire, England
  Media related to Nether Alderley at Wikimedia Commons
  
  
  
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  Newbold Astbury
  Coordinates: 53°08′10″N 2°12′43″W / 53.136°N 2.212°W / 53.136; -2.212
  Newbold Astbury (often just Astbury) is a village and civil parish in the unitary authority of Cheshire East and the ceremonial county of Cheshire, in the north-west of England. It is situated to the south of Congleton on the A34 road to Scholar Green; the A34 forms one side of the triangular village green. The civil parish holds a combined parish council meeting with the adjacent civil parish of Moreton-cum-Alcumlow, which is consequently called Newbold Astbury-cum-Moreton Parish Council..
  Despite being much smaller, Astbury is an older settlement than Congleton and the parish originally included Congleton; in those days the land surrounding Astbury was swampy so the inhabitants moved uphill to where Congleton is today and Astbury became isolated. The church of St Mary's remained the parish church for Congleton for many years; it sits at the apex of the village green and is in the Early English and Perpendicular styles, built between the 13th and 15th centuries. The church was built of millstone grit and the detached spire of the mid-14th century looks to be earlier. Inside the proportions and the furniture are both distinguished. The fine woodwork includes 15th century stalls, screen, and magnificent roofs. Sir Gilbert Scott was responsible for a modest restoration in 1862. Close to it is Astbury St Mary's Church of England Primary School. The Cheshire section of the village of Mow Cop is part of Newbold Astbury and Scholar Green.
  
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  North Rode
  Coordinates: 53°11′45″N 2°10′00″W / 53.195825°N 2.166706°W / 53.195825; -2.166706
  North Rode is a small village and civil parish in the unitary authority of Cheshire East and the ceremonial county of Cheshire, England. According to the 2001 census, the population of the entire civil parish was 178.
  North Rode was originally a township in Prestbury ancient parish, and it was also part of Macclesfield Hundred. In the nineteenth century, it was also placed in Macclesfield poor law union and rural sanitary district. In 1866, it was placed in Macclesfield rural district, and at the same time it became a separate civil parish. There was a small change to the boundary of the civil parish in 1936.
  North Rode became a separate ecclesiastical parish in 1846, when it was placed in Macclesfield rural deanery. In 1873 it was assigned to Macclesfield South rural deanery, and in 1880, it reassinged back into the re-established Macclesfield deanery. It has a picturesque church built 1845-6 dedicated to St Michael.
  
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  Northwich
  Coordinates: 53°15′32″N 2°31′05″W / 53.259°N 2.518°W / 53.259; -2.518
  Northwich is a town and civil parish in the unitary authority of Cheshire West and Chester and the ceremonial county of Cheshire, England. It lies in the heart of the Cheshire Plain, at the confluence of the rivers Weaver and Dane. The town is about 18 miles (29 km) east of Chester and 15 miles (24 km) south of Warrington.
  The area around Northwich has been exploited for its salt pans since Roman times, when the settlement was known as Condate. The town has been severely affected by salt mining with subsidence historically being a large problem. However, recent investment in mine stabilisation is set to change the town with the 'Northwich Vision' being a plan for future development work.
  During Roman times Northwich was known as Condate, meaning "the confluence", probably due to its location at the meeting point of the rivers Dane and Weaver.
  Northwich can be identified through two contemporary Roman documents. The first of these is the Antonine Itinerary, a 3rd-century road map split into 14 sections. Two of these sections, or Itinerary, mention Condate, namely: Itinerary II which describes "the route from the Vallum to the port of Rutupiae", or the route between Hadrian's Wall in northern England and Richborough on the Kent coast; and Itinerary X is called "the route from Glannoventa to Mediolanum" and details the route between Ravenglass fort, Cumbria and Mediolanum (now Whitchurch, Shropshire). The second document is the 7th-century Ravenna Cosmology. Again this document refers to Condate between the entries for Salinae (now Middlewich, Cheshire) and Ratae (now Leicester, Leicestershire), at the time the capital of the Corieltauvi tribe.
  
  wn.com/Northwich
• Odd Rode
  Odd Rode is a civil parish in the unitary authority of Cheshire East and the ceremonial county of Cheshire, England. It is located near to Stoke-on-Trent, and includes the settlements of:
  Of particular note in the area is Rode Hall, seat of the Wilbraham family.
  There are three Anglican (CofE) churches in the parish; All Saints', Scholar Green; St. Luke's, Mow Cop and The Church of the Good Shepherd, Rode Heath. The churches each have long histories and host popular services and events throughout the year. The current incumbent priest is the Rev. Terry Evans.
  
  
  
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  Ogmore Castle
  Ogmore Castle (alternate: Ogor Castelle; or Castell Ogwr) is located near the village of Ogmore-by-Sea, south of the town of Bridgend in Glamorgan, South Wales. It is situated on the south bank of the River Ewenny and the east bank of the River Ogmore. Cowbridge is nearby. Its construction might have begun in 1106. Ogmore was one of three castles built in the area in the early 12th century, the others being Coity Castle and Newcastle Castle. It was in use until the 19th century for a range of purposes, including a court of justice and a prison, but is now a substantial set of remains and a local landmark. It is managed by local authorities.
  When John Leland wrote his Itinerary, he referred to this fortress as "Ogor Castelle".
  Construction of Ogmore Castle might have started around 1106, its foundation predating the Norman conquest. In Caradoc of Llancarfan's The historie of Cambria, now called Wales: a part of the most famous yland of Brytaine, Caradoc wrote that the manor and castle were given to William de Londres, one of the legendary Twelve Knights of Glamorgan, by Robert Fitzhamon, the Norman conqueror of Glamorgan. In 1116, William de Londres was forced to abandon the castle when the Welsh appeared in force. His butler, Arnold, is credited with protecting the castle from the Welsh attack during the absence of William de Londres, and for this, he was knighted Sir Arnold Butler, also receiving the castle and manor of Dunraven as reward.
  
  wn.com/Ogmore_Castle
• Over Alderley
  Coordinates: 53°17′02″N 2°11′42″W / 53.284°N 2.195°W / 53.284; -2.195 Over Alderley is a civil parish in the Borough of Cheshire East and the ceremonial county of Cheshire, England. It has a population of 335.
  St Catherine's Church, Over Alderley is a Grade II* listed building, and Birtles Hall is listed Grade II.
  
  
  
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  Peckforton
  Coordinates: 53°06′11″N 2°41′22″W / 53.102952°N 2.689385°W / 53.102952; -2.689385
  Peckforton is a scattered settlement (centred at SJ538564) and civil parish in the unitary authority of Cheshire East and the ceremonial county of Cheshire, England. The settlement is located 6.5 miles (10.5 km) to the north east of Malpas and 7.5 miles (12.1 km) miles to the west of Nantwich. The total population of the civil parish is somewhat over 100. Nearby villages include Bulkeley to the south, Beeston to the north, Higher Burwardsley to the west, Spurstow to the east and Bunbury to the north east.
  The Peckforton Hills form the western part of the civil parish. At the northern end of the ridge stands Peckforton Castle, a Victorian mansion built in imitation of a medieval castle for John Tollemache, 1st Baron Tollemache, and many of the local buildings were constructed in the mid-Victorian period for Lord Tollemache as part of the Peckforton Estate.
  The Peckforton Hills were quarried during the Roman era. Peckforton appears in the Domesday survey of 1086, when it was held by Wulfric. The survey lists land for two ploughs. Peckforton fell in the ancient parish of Bunbury in the Eddisbury Hundred.
  
  wn.com/Peckforton
• Peover Inferior
  Coordinates: 53°15′36″N 2°23′31″W / 53.260°N 2.392°W / 53.260; -2.392 Peover Inferior is a civil parish in the Borough of Cheshire East and the ceremonial county of Cheshire, England. It has a population of 102.
  
  
  
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• Peover Superior
  Coordinates: 53°15′54″N 2°20′42″W / 53.265°N 2.345°W / 53.265; -2.345 Peover Superior is a civil parish in the unitary authority of Cheshire East and the ceremonial county of Cheshire, England.
  It contains the village of Over Peover and Peover Hall. St Lawrence's Church, Over Peover is a Grade I listed building.
  East Cheshire Sunday Football League team Peover FC play their home games in Over Peover at Peover park on Stocks Lane. It received minor fame for having the first annual tea cup awards.
  
  
  
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  Peveril Castle
  Peveril Castle (also Castleton Castle or Peak Castle) is a medieval building overlooking the village of Castleton in the English county of Derbyshire. Its site provides views across the Hope Valley and Cave Dale. The castle is named after its founder, William Peveril, who held lands in Nottinghamshire and Derbyshire on behalf of the king. It was built some time between the Norman Conquest in 1066 and its first recorded mention in 1086, in the Domesday Survey. Nearby Castleton benefited from the presence of the castle, which acted as the administrative centre of an independent lordship called Peak. The town became the economic centre of the lordship.
  William Peveril the Younger inherited his father's estates; however, they were confiscated by King Henry II in 1155. While in royal possession, Henry visited the castle in 1157, 1158, and 1164, the first time hosting King Malcolm IV of Scotland. During the Revolt of 1173–1174, the castle's garrison was increased from a porter and two watchmen to a force led by 20 knights shared with the castles of Bolsover and Nottingham. The Earls of Derby had a claim to the Peveril family's estates through marriage, and in 1199 William de Ferrers, the fourth earl, paid 2000 marks for the Peak lordship although the castle remained in royal control. The closest Peveril Castle came to seeing battle was in 1216 when King John gave the castle to William de Ferrers, but the castellan refused to relinquish control. Although they were both John's supporters, the king authorised the earl to use force to evict the castellan; eventually he capitulated although there is no evidence that the castle was assaulted.
  
  wn.com/Peveril_Castle
• Pickmere
  Pickmere is a village and civil parish near Northwich in the Borough of Cheshire East. It has a population of 541. Landmarks in and around the village include a lake, Pick Mere, at grid reference SJ682770.
  Pickmere is home to one of the radio telescopes that make up the Jodrell Bank MERLIN (Multi-Element Radio Linked Interferometer Network) radio telescope array linking six observing stations that together form a powerful telescope with an effective aperture of over 217 kilometres.
  Media related to Pickmere at Wikimedia Commons
  Coordinates: 53°17′20″N 02°27′45″W / 53.28889°N 2.4625°W / 53.28889; -2.4625
  
  wn.com/Pickmere
• Plumley
  Plumley is a village and civil parish in the unitary authority of Cheshire East and the ceremonial county of Cheshire, England.
  In the village there are two public houses, The Golden Pheasant and The Smoker (which has won awards), a village hall, a Methodist church, tennis courts, riding stables, a post office and a golf course nearby. Plumley railway station is on the Mid-Cheshire Line and has regular services to Manchester and Chester. School buses also run through the village for both primary and secondary school pupils.
  Media related to Plumley at Wikimedia Commons
  Coordinates: 53°16′34″N 2°25′29″W / 53.27611°N 2.42472°W / 53.27611; -2.42472
  
  
  
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  Poland
  Poland ⁱ/ˈpoʊlənd/ (Polish: Polska), officially the Republic of Poland (Polish: Rzeczpospolita Polska; Kashubian: Pòlskô Repùblika; Silesian: Polsko Republika), is a country in Central Europe, bordered by Germany to the west; the Czech Republic and Slovakia to the south; Ukraine, Belarus and Lithuania to the east; and the Baltic Sea and Kaliningrad Oblast, a Russian exclave, to the north. The total area of Poland is 312,679 square kilometres (120,726 sq mi), making it the 69th largest country in the world and the 9th largest in Europe. Poland has a population of over 38 million people, which makes it the 34th most populous country in the world and the sixth most populous member of the European Union, being its most populous post-communist member. Poland is a unitary state made up of 16 voivodeships. Poland is a member of the European Union, NATO, the United Nations, the World Trade Organization, the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), European Economic Area, International Energy Agency, Council of Europe, Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe, International Atomic Energy Agency, G6, Council of the Baltic Sea States, Visegrád Group, Weimar Triangle and Schengen Agreement.
  
  wn.com/Poland
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  Pontefract Castle
  Coordinates: 53°41′44″N 1°18′14″W / 53.69556°N 1.30389°W / 53.69556; -1.30389 Pontefract Castle is a castle in the town of Pontefract, in the City of Wakefield, West Yorkshire, England. It was the site of the demise of King Richard II, and later the place of a series of famous sieges during the English Civil War
  The castle was first constructed in approximately 1070 by Ilbert de Lacy on land which had been granted to him by William the Conqueror as a reward for his support during the Norman conquests. There is, however, evidence of earlier occupation of the site. Initially the castle was a wooden structure, but this was replaced with stone over time. The Domesday Survey of 1086 recorded "Ilbert's Castle" which probably referred to Pontefract Castle.
  Robert de Lacy failed to support King Henry I during his power struggle with his brother and confiscated the castle from the family during the 12th century.Roger de Lacy paid King Richard I 3,000 marks for the Honour of Pontefract, but the king retained possession of the castle. His successor, King John gave Lacy the castle in 1199, the year he ascended the throne. Roger died in 1213 and was succeeded by his eldest son, John. However, the king took possession of Castle Donnington and Pontefract Castle. The de Lacys lived in the castle until the early 14th century. It was under the tenure of the de Lacys that the magnificent multilobate donjon was built.
  
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  Pott Shrigley
  Coordinates: 53°18′32″N 2°05′02″W / 53.309°N 2.084°W / 53.309; -2.084
  Pott Shrigley is a small village and civil parish in the unitary authority of Cheshire East and the ceremonial county of Cheshire, England. According to the 2001 census, the civil parish and village has a population of 220.. The nearest town is Bollington to the southwest.
  The village has a Church of England primary school with around 50 pupils. The school was founded in 1492 and celebrated its 500th anniversary in 1992.
  The village is most popular for Shrigley Hall (Grade II* listed building), originally a private residence of the Downes family of Shrigley & Worth for almost 500 years until the early 19th century.
  In 1929 the hall and 260 acres (105 ha) of grounds were purchased by the Catholic Salesian order to become the Salesian Missionary College. Some 2,000 boys were educated there by 1986, when the college closed due to growing running costs, falling vocations and decreasing missionary work. In 1989 the hall was turned into a country club with an 18-hole golf course, leisure centre and a restaurant.^{[dead link]}
  
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  Poynton
  Coordinates: 53°20′53″N 2°06′50″W / 53.348°N 2.114°W / 53.348; -2.114
  Poynton is a town within the civil parish of Poynton-with-Worth, and the unitary authority area of Cheshire East, England. For ceremonial purposes it is part of the county of Cheshire. Poynton is located at the eastern most fringe of the Cheshire Plain, 7 miles (11 km) north of Macclesfield, 5 miles (8 km) south of Stockport and 11 miles (18 km) south-southeast of Manchester. At the time of the United Kingdom Census 2001, Poynton-with-Worth had a population of 14,433.
  
  The name of Poynton is of Old English derivation, indicating ancient settlement by the Anglo-Saxons. From the late middle ages coal has been mined in Poynton. The collieries, under the ownership of the Lords Vernon, from 1832 until their closure in 1935 they were the largest in Cheshire. Consequent urbanisation and socioeconomic development necessitated better transport links; these came with the completion of the Macclesfield Canal through Poynton in 1831 and the arrival of the Manchester and Birmingham Railway in 1845 and the Macclesfield, Bollington and Marple Railway in 1869. By the late-20th century, Poynton had emerged as a commuter town, partly because of the transport links and because it forms part of the Greater Manchester Urban Area.
  
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  Rainow
  Coordinates: 53°16′49″N 2°04′22″W / 53.280229°N 2.072748°W / 53.280229; -2.072748
  Rainow is a village and civil parish in the unitary authority of Cheshire East, located, mostly, on the eastern side of the River Dean valley next to the B5470 road, between Macclesfield and Kettleshulme in the ceremonial county of Cheshire, England. It straddles the eastern side of the Peak District border of Derbyshire and Cheshire, and is surrounded by arable farmland. The village's name comes from the Old English Hraefn Hoe, meaning Ravens' Hill, and it is a former coal-mining village. It has a total population of just over 2,500.
  To the east of the village lies Lamaload Reservoir, which was the first concrete reservoir constructed in England, between 1958 and 1964. At an elevation of 308 metres (1,010 ft), it is also the highest constructed dam in England.
  A local landmark, White Nancy, is a sugarloaf-shaped, circular, white-painted stone structure constructed to celebrate the anniversary of the Battle of Waterloo. Prior to its construction, the site was occupied by a small brick beacon. Located on the northern end of Kerridge Hill, it stands on the boundary between the parishes of Rainow and Bollington.
  
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  River Bollin
  The River Bollin is a major tributary of the River Mersey in the north-west of England.
  It rises in Macclesfield Forest at the western end of the Peak District, and can be seen in spring form, from the Buxton to Macclesfield road. The stream then descends the 10 miles (16 km) through Macclesfield and Wilmslow where it has a confluence with the River Dean, near to Styal Prison. For the following 10 miles (16 km) it defines the southwestern portion of the border between Greater Manchester and Cheshire before merging with the River Mersey north of Lymm. It flows through the Styal country park and was used in the cotton calico factory there, Quarry Bank Mill, as a source of power. Near to the Quarry Bank Mill site there is a natural weir. The Bollin is culverted underneath the southern runway of Manchester Airport.
  The town of Macclesfield used to dispose all its waste and sewage into the Bollin. The profusion of human sewage in the Bollin was still around in 1850.
  Coordinates: 53°24′N 2°26′W / 53.4°N 2.433°W / 53.4; -2.433
  
  wn.com/River_Bollin
• River Croco
  Coordinates: 53°09′24″N 2°16′26″W / 53.1567°N 2.2739°W / 53.1567; -2.2739
  The River Croco is a small river in Cheshire in England. It starts as lowland field drainage west of Congleton, flows along the south edge of Holmes Chapel, and joins the River Dane at Middlewich. It is about 8 miles (13 km) long.
  
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  River Dane
  The River Dane flows through Cheshire in northwest England.
  The river rises in Derbyshire, close to the source of the River Goyt just to the south west of Buxton, on Axe Edge Moor. Flowing southwest, it forms the border between Cheshire and Staffordshire for around 10 miles (16 km) before flowing west through Congleton and past Holmes Chapel.
  The point on the river where the three counties meet, at Panniers' Pool Bridge, is called the Three Shires' Head. Three shires head is the most northern point in Staffordshire.
  Passing just to the north of Middlewich, it merges first with the River Croco near the site of the old Roman fort in Harbutt's Field, and then with the River Wheelock near the aqueduct carrying the Trent and Mersey Canal, and runs the remaining five miles north to Northwich where it flows into the River Weaver.
  Coordinates: 53°15′N 2°31′W / 53.25°N 2.517°W / 53.25; -2.517
  
  
  
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  River Goyt
  The River Goyt is a river in North West England. It is one of the tributaries of the River Mersey. Coordinates: 53°24′51″N 2°09′25″W / 53.41420°N 2.15689°W / 53.41420; -2.15689
  The Goyt rises on the moors of Axe Edge, near the River Dane and the Cat and Fiddle Inn. The area is known as the Upper Goyt Valley. The old Cat and Fiddle Road from Buxton to Macclesfield crosses the river just as it turns northwards to flow down its well-known valley. The river then flows under Derbyshire Bridge, which was the old boundary between Derbyshire and Cheshire. Later it reaches an old packhorse bridge that was moved when Errwood reservoir was built in the 1960s. Further downstream there is another reservoir, the Fernilee reservoir. The original line of the Cromford and High Peak Railway can be seen near this point.
  The Goyt then passes through Taxal and Horwich End where it is joined by the Todd Brook. Thereafter it passes through Whaley Bridge, New Mills (where it is joined by the River Sett) and Marple Bridge. Having been joined by the River Etherow, the Goyt joins the River Tame at Stockport, forming the River Mersey.
  
  
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  River Mersey
  The River Mersey ( /ˈmɜrzi/) is a river in North West England. It is around 70 miles (113 km) long, stretching from Stockport, Greater Manchester, and ending at Liverpool Bay, Merseyside. For centuries, it formed part of the ancient county divide between Lancashire and Cheshire.
  The Mersey is formed from three tributaries: the River Etherow, the River Goyt, and the River Tame. The modern accepted start of the Mersey is at the confluence of the Tame and Goyt, in central Stockport, Greater Manchester. However, older definitions, and many older maps, place its start a few miles up the Goyt at Compstall; for example the 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica states "It is formed by the junction of the Goyt and the Etherow a short distance below Marple in Cheshire on the first-named stream." The 1784 John Stockdale map shows the River Mersey extending to Mottram, and forming the boundary between Cheshire and Derbyshire.
  From Stockport it flows through Didsbury, Northenden, Stretford, Urmston and Flixton, then at Irlam it flows into the Manchester Ship Canal, which is the canalised River Irwell to this point. The course of the Mersey has been obliterated by the Canal past Hollins Green to Rixton although the old river bed can be seen outside Irlam and also at Warburton. At Rixton the River Bollin enters the Canal from the south and the Mersey leaves the Canal to the north, meandering through Woolston, where the Ship Canal Company's dredgings have formed a nature reserve (Woolston Eyes), and Warrington. It is tidal from Howley Weir in Warrington, although high spring tides often top the weir. A small bypass around Howley Weir, Howley Lock, was created before the ship canal existed, but is now redundant. The lock is still visible.
  
  wn.com/River_Mersey
• River Wheelock
  The River Wheelock is a small river in Cheshire in north west England. It drains water from the area between Sandbach and Crewe, and joins the River Dane at Middlewich (grid reference SJ693669), and then the combined river flows into the River Weaver in Northwich. Alternative names for the river have were recorded in 1619 as Sutton Watter, Sutton Brooke, and Lawton Brooke.
  Early recorded variations of the name Wheelock have included Quelok, Qwelok, Whelok, Whelocke, with later forms using Wheelock Watter and Wheelock Brooke. The name is said to mean "winding river" and it is reported to have based on the Old Welsh word chwylog, the chwyl part of which means "a turn, a rotation, a course", with an adjective suffix of og. The river has given its name to the large village of Wheelock.
  Coordinates: 53°11′51″N 2°27′31″W / 53.19747°N 2.4586°W / 53.19747; -2.4586
  
  wn.com/River_Wheelock
• ROF Radway Green
  The former Royal Ordnance Factory (ROF), Radway Green, now part of BAE Systems Global Combat Systems, manufactures small arms ammunition for the British armed forces. Located just outside the Cheshire town of Alsager in the UK, it has existed since 1940 and has produced a wide range of ammunition including the following calibres:
  All ammunition currently produced at Radway Green is NATO certified i.e. bears the NATO roundel as part of the headstamp on the cartridge case surrounding the primer. Additionally, headstamps bear the ammunition type ID, the initials "RG" plus the year of production e.g. "L18A1 RG 11" for 5.56x45mm blank cartridges manufactured at Radway Green in 2011. Headstamps on cartridges manufactured during the Second World War and in pre-NATO years bear the initials "RG", the year of production and the broad arrow to signify MOD property.
  The ordnance factory has its own firing range, where batches of ammunition are periodically test fired from a variety of weapons to check for proper function and performance within contract requirements such as reliability, consistency and accuracy, etc.
  
  wn.com/ROF_Radway_Green
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  Rostherne
  Rostherne is a civil parish and village in the unitary authority of Cheshire East and the ceremonial county of Cheshire, England (grid reference SJ743835).
  To the north of the village is Rostherne Mere and to the south is Tatton Park. The A556 road passes to its west.
  St Mary's Church, Rostherne is a Grade I listed building, which Rectory was for many centuries in the possession of the Leighs of West Hall, High Legh.
  Media related to Rostherne at Wikimedia Commons
  Coordinates: 53°21′N 2°23′W / 53.35°N 2.383°W / 53.35; -2.383
  
  
  
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  Runcorn
  Coordinates: 53°19′41″N 2°42′43″W / 53.328°N 2.712°W / 53.328; -2.712
  Runcorn is an industrial town and cargo port within the borough of Halton in the ceremonial county of Cheshire, England. In 2010, its population was estimated to be 61,000. The town is on the southern bank of the River Mersey where the estuary narrows to form Runcorn Gap. Directly to the north across the Mersey is the town of Widnes. Upstream and 8 miles (12.9 km) to the northeast is the town of Warrington and downstream 16 miles (26 km) to the west is the city of Liverpool.
  Runcorn railway station is on a branch of the West Coast Main Line. It provides frequent services to London (Euston), Liverpool and Birmingham. The A533 road passes through the town from the south, crossing the Runcorn Gap over the Silver Jubilee Bridge, the lowest bridge crossing of the River Mersey. The Manchester Ship Canal runs between the town and the River Mersey and the Bridgewater Canal passes through and ends in the town at its junction with the Manchester Ship Canal.
  
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  Salwick
  Salwick is a village between Kirkham and Preston in Lancashire, England. The village is largely rural and is an extension of the smaller Clifton to the south. It is in the borough of Fylde, and in the Parliamentary Constituency of Fylde, and forms part of the civil parish of Newton with Clifton. It is at grid reference SD466320, and is served by Salwick railway station.
  The area of "Clifton With Salwick" was in the Archdeaconry of Richmond in the Diocese of Chester.
  The etymology of Salwick is unclear. The "wick" may come from Old English wic, meaning an earlier Romano-British settlement specialised in farming; but the "Sal(w)" element is unclear.
  Salwick is the home of the Springfields nuclear fuel manufacturing plant.
  A rural view of Salwick
  The Hand and Dagger alongside the Lancaster Canal
  Coordinates: 53°46′54″N 2°48′43″W / 53.78157°N 2.81188°W / 53.78157; -2.81188
  
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  Sandbach
  Coordinates: 53°08′46″N 2°22′01″W / 53.146°N 2.367°W / 53.146; -2.367
  Sandbach  pronunciation (help·info) is a market town and civil parish in the unitary authority of Cheshire East and the ceremonial county of Cheshire, England. The civil parish contains four settlements; Sandbach itself, Elworth, Ettiley Heath and Wheelock.
  Sandbach is perhaps best known as the original home of both Foden and ERF lorries, though neither company now exists in the town, 12-times National Brass Band Championship winners, Foden's Band, the ancient Saxon Sandbach Crosses, and Sandbach services on the M6 motorway.
  Known as Sanbec in 1086, Sondbache (also Sondebache) in 1260, and Sandbitch in the 17-18th century, Sandbach derives its name from the Anglo-Saxon sand bæce, which can mean sand stream or sand valley.
  Traces of settlement are found in Sandbach from Saxon times, when the town was called Sanbec. Little is known about the town during this period, except that it was subjected to frequent Welsh and Danish raids. The town's inhabitants were converted to Christianity in the 7th century by four priests: Cedda, Adda, Betti and Diuma. The town has an entry in the Domesday Book from 1086, at which time it was sufficiently large to need a priest and a church. The entry states:
  
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  Savoy Chapel
  The Savoy Chapel or the Queen's Chapel of the Savoy is a chapel off the Strand, London, dedicated to St John the Baptist. It was originally built in the Middle Ages off the main church of the Savoy Palace (later the Savoy Hospital). The Hospital was in ruins by the 19th century, and the Chapel was the only part to survive demolition.
  The original chapel was within Peter of Savoy's palace, and was destroyed with it in the Peasants' Revolt in 1381. The present Chapel building was constructed in the 1490s (and finished in 1512) by Henry VII as a side chapel off his Hospital's 200-foot (61 m) long nave (this nave was secular rather than sacred, held 100 beds, and was demolished in the 19th century).
  The chapel has been the host to various other congregations, most especially that of St Mary-le-Strand whilst it had no church building of its own 1549–1714. Also the German Lutheran congregation of Westminster (now at Sandwich Street and Thanet Street, near St Pancras) was granted royal permission to worship here, when it split from Holy Trinity (the City of London Lutheran congregation, now at St Anne and St Agnes). The new congregation's first pastor, Irenaeus Crusius (previously an associate at Holy Trinity), dedicated the chapel on the 19th Sunday after Trinity 1694 as the Marienkirche or the German Church of St. Mary-Le-Savoy.
  
  wn.com/Savoy_Chapel
• Somerford
  Somerford is a civil parish in the unitary authority of Cheshire East and the ceremonial county of Cheshire, England. It is adjacent to the north west of Congleton, from which town it has some housing overflow. According to the 2001 census, the population of the civil parish was 343.
  
  
  
  wn.com/Somerford
• Somerford Booths
  Somerford Booths is a small civil parish in the unitary authority of Cheshire East and the ceremonial county of Cheshire, England. In the census of 2001 it was recorded as having a population of 175. The civil parish holds a parish council meeting under a grouping scheme with the civil parish of Hulme Walfield, and so it is consequently called Hulme Walfield & Somerford Booths Parish Council. The parish is small and now consists of scattered farms and small groupings of houses, including the hamlet of Newsbank. It contains Somerford Booths Hall as well as Grove House Farm and Broomfield Farm which are shown as ancient buildings on the Ordnance Survey map of the area.
  Media related to Somerford Booths at Wikimedia Commons
  
  
  
  wn.com/Somerford_Booths
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  Spurstow
  Coordinates: 53°06′31″N 2°39′40″W / 53.10853°N 2.66101°W / 53.10853; -2.66101
  Spurstow is a village and civil parish in the unitary authority of Cheshire East and the ceremonial county of Cheshire, England, which is located 6½ miles to the north west of Nantwich. The parish also includes the settlement of Spurstow Sketh and part of Radmore Green. Nearby villages include Bunbury, Haughton and Peckforton. The A49 runs north–south through the parish.
  According to the 2001 Census, the parish had a population of 394.
  Media related to Spurstow at Wikimedia Commons
  
  
  
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  Stapeley
  Stapeley is a hamlet (at SJ675496) and civil parish in the unitary authority of Cheshire East and the ceremonial county of Cheshire, England. The hamlet lies 2¼ miles to the south east of Nantwich. The parish also includes the settlements of Broad Lane and Butt Green, and parts of Artle Brook, Haymoor Green and Howbeck Bank, as well as a recent residential development north of the A5301 adjacent to Nantwich. In 2005, the total population was estimated to be a little over 2400. Nearby villages include Shavington, Willaston and Wybunbury.
  Stapeley appears in the Domesday survey as Steple; it was then held by William Malbank, who held much of the land in the Nantwich hundred.
  Stapeley is administered by Stapeley and District Parish Council jointly with the adjacent parish of Batherton. From 1974 the civil parish was served by Crewe and Nantwich Borough Council, which was succeeded on 1 April 2009 by the new unitary authority of Cheshire East. Stapeley falls in the parliamentary constituency of Crewe and Nantwich, which has been represented by Edward Timpson since a by-election in 2008.
  
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  Swettenham
  Coordinates: 53°12′05″N 2°18′00″W / 53.201452°N 2.299887°W / 53.201452; -2.299887
  Swettenham is a village and civil parish in the unitary authority of Cheshire East and the ceremonial county of Cheshire, England. According to the 2001 Official UK Census, the population of the entire civil parish was 248.
  Within the parish is the Swettenham Meadows Nature Reserve managed by Cheshire Wildlife Trust.
  The Quinta Arboretum - created by Professor Sir Bernard Lovell http://www.tattongardensociety.co.uk/page5.html The Quinta Reserve http://www.cheshirewildlifetrust.co.uk/res_quinta.htm
  Media related to Swettenham at Wikimedia Commons
  
  
  
  wn.com/Swettenham
• Tabley Inferior
  Tabley Inferior is a civil parish in the Borough of Cheshire East and ceremonial county of Cheshire in England.. It has a population of 137.
  Coordinates: 53°17.6761′N 2°25.4723′W / 53.2946017°N 2.4245383°W / 53.2946017; -2.4245383
  
  
  
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• Tabley Superior
  Tabley Superior is a civil parish in the Borough of Cheshire East and ceremonial county of Cheshire in England. It has a population of 316. The parish contains the village of Over Tabley.
  Coordinates: 53°18.9720′N 2°25.0348′W / 53.3162°N 2.4172467°W / 53.3162; -2.4172467
  
  
  
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  Tickhill Castle
  Tickhill Castle was a castle in Tickhill, on the Nottingham/Yorkshire West Riding border, England and a prominent stronghold during the reign of King John I of England.
  The castle started as an 11th-century motte and bailey earthwork named Blythe Castle, built by Roger de Busli, a major landholder in the Domesday book holding 174 estates in Nottinghamshire, on land granted to him by William the Norman. The castle was deliberately built on the Nottingham/Yorkshire border, as Roger held authority in both. After a siege in 1102 Robert Bloet added a curtain wall to the rampart around the bailey; the first part of the castle to be built of stone.
  From 1151 to 1153, the castle was held by Ranulph de Gernon, 2nd Earl of Chester before his death after being poisoned. In 1180 construction began on an 11-sided or circularkeep on top of the motte by Henry II of England; it was completed in 1192 along with a stone bridge and a chapel constructed by Eleanor of Aquitaine.
  In 1189, the land around Tickhill was granted to John of England by his brother Richard I of England, although the castle was withheld by Richard, along with Launceston, Rougemont Castle, Exeter, Gloucester and Nottingham, as Richard did not trust John's loyalty while he participated in the Third Crusade. His fears proved well founded after John seized the kingdom in 1191 from William Longchamp, Richard's chosen regent. Along with Windsor Castle, Tickhill was John's main stronghold to protect against a suspected invasion by Philip II of France.
  
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  Tutbury Castle
  Tutbury Castle is a largely ruinous medieval castle at Tutbury, Staffordshire, England, in the ownership of the Duchy of Lancaster. It is a Grade I listed building.
  Tutbury Castle became the headquarters of Henry de Ferrers and was the centre of the wapentake of Appletree, which included Duffield Frith. With his wife Bertha, he endowed Tutbury Priory with two manors in about 1080. It would seem that Tutbury at that time was a dependency of the Norman abbey of St Pierre‑sur‑Dives.
  The castle was destroyed by Prince Edward in 1264 after the rebellion of Robert de Ferrers, 6th Earl of Derby. In 1269, after a further rebellion the lands were given to Edmund Crouchback and have remained part of the Duchy of Lancaster.
  Apart from the 12th century chapel the ruins date from the 14th and 15th centuries when the castle was rebuilt. Mary, Queen of Scots, was imprisoned in the castle in the 16th century.
  In 1999 Lesley Smith became the Curator of the Castle. The Duchy of Lancaster granted her this position for which Smith works as Public Relations Officer.
  
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  Twemlow
  Coordinates: 53°12′54″N 2°19′43″W / 53.215084°N 2.328510°W / 53.215084; -2.328510
  Twemlow is a civil parish, containing the village of Twemlow Green in the unitary authority of Cheshire East and the ceremonial county of Cheshire, England. According to the 2001 Official UK Census, the population of the entire civil parish was 168.Twemlow lies along the A535 road.
  From the 16th to the 18th century, the Booth family were the major landowners.
  Media related to Twemlow at Wikimedia Commons
  
  
  
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  United Kingdom
  The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (commonly known as the United Kingdom, the UK, or Britain) is a sovereign state located off the north-western coast of continental Europe. The country includes the island of Great Britain, the north-eastern part of the island of Ireland and many smaller islands. Northern Ireland is the only part of the UK that shares a land border with another sovereign state—the Republic of Ireland. Apart from this land border the UK is surrounded by the Atlantic Ocean, the North Sea, the English Channel and the Irish Sea.
  The United Kingdom is a unitary state governed under a constitutional monarchy and a parliamentary system, with its seat of government in the capital city of London. It is a country in its own right and consists of four countries: England, Northern Ireland, Scotland and Wales. There are three devolved administrations, each with varying powers, based in Belfast, Edinburgh and Cardiff, the capitals of Northern Ireland, Scotland, and Wales. Associated with the UK, but not constitutionally part of it, are three Crown Dependencies. The United Kingdom has fourteen overseas territories. These are remnants of the British Empire which, at its height in 1922, encompassed almost a quarter of the world's land surface and was the largest empire in history. British influence can still be observed in the language, culture and legal systems of many of its former territories.
  
  wn.com/United_Kingdom
• Walgherton
  Coordinates: 53°02′13″N 2°27′07″W / 53.037°N 2.452°W / 53.037; -2.452 Walgherton is a village (at SJ697489) and civil parish in the unitary authority of Cheshire East and the ceremonial county of Cheshire, England. The village lies 3½ miles to the south east of Nantwich and 4½ miles to the south of Crewe. It also includes the settlement of Hussey's Nook. Nearby villages include Hatherton, Stapeley and Wybunbury. The A51 road runs east–west through the parish.
  According to the 2001 census, the parish had a population of 121.
  From 1974 the civil parish was served by Crewe and Nantwich Borough Council, which was succeeded on 1 April 2009 by the new unitary authority of Cheshire East. Walgherton falls in the parliamentary constituency of Crewe and Nantwich, which has been represented by Edward Timpson since a by-election in 2008.
  Media related to Walgherton at Wikimedia Commons
  
  
  
  wn.com/Walgherton
• Warmingham
  Warmingham is a village (at SJ 708 611) and civil parish in the unitary authority of Cheshire East and the ceremonial county of Cheshire, England. The village lies 3¼ miles to the north of Crewe and 3¼ miles to the west of Sandbach. The parish also includes the settlement of Lane Ends. Nearby villages include Minshull Vernon. St Leonard's Church and the Bear's Paw public house are in Warmingham village. The River Wheelock runs north–south through the parish.
  According to the 2001 census, the parish had a population of 175.
  Media related to Warmingham at Wikimedia Commons
  Coordinates: 53°09′N 2°26′W / 53.15°N 2.433°W / 53.15; -2.433
  
  
  
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  Warrington
  Warrington is a town, borough and unitary authority area of Cheshire, England. It stands on the banks of the River Mersey, which is tidal to the west of the weir at Howley. It lies 16 miles east of Liverpool, 19 miles west of Manchester and 8 miles south of St Helens. The population of the borough is 198,900. Its population has more than doubled since its designation as a New Town in 1968.
  Historically a part of Lancashire, Warrington was founded by the Romans at an important crossing place on the River Mersey. A new settlement was established by the Saxons and by the Middle Ages, Warrington had emerged as a market town at a bridging point of the river. A local tradition of textile and tool production dates from this time.
  The expansion and urbanisation of Warrington largely coincided with the Industrial Revolution, particularly after the Mersey was made navigable in the 18th century. The West Coast Mainline runs north to south through the town, and the Liverpool to Manchester railway (the Cheshire Lines route) west to east. The Manchester Ship Canal cuts through the south of the borough (west to east). The M6, M56 and M62 motorways form a partial box around the town.
  
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  West Coast Main Line
  The West Coast Main Line (WCML) is the busiest mixed-traffic railway route in Britain, being the country's most important rail backbone in terms of population served. Fast, long-distance inter-city passenger services are provided between London, the West Midlands, the North West, North Wales and the Central Belt of Scotland. Since an upgrade in recent years, much of the line has trains running at 125 mph (201 km/h), thereby meeting the European Union's definition of an upgraded high-speed line.
  The WCML is the most important intercity rail passenger route in the United Kingdom, connecting London, Birmingham, Manchester, Liverpool and Glasgow and many smaller towns and cities. In addition, several sections of the WCML form part of the suburban railway systems in London, Birmingham, Manchester and Glasgow, with many more smaller commuter stations, as well as providing a number of links to more rural towns. In 2008 the WCML handled 75 million passenger journeys.
  The WCML is also one of the busiest freight routes in Europe, carrying 43% of all UK rail freight traffic. The line is the principal rail freight corridor linking the European mainland (via the Channel Tunnel) through London and south-east England to the West Midlands, north-west England and Scotland. The line has been declared a strategic European route and designated a priority Trans-European Networks (TENS) route.
  
  wn.com/West_Coast_Main_Line
• Wettenhall
  Wettenhall is a village (at SJ624614) and civil parish in the unitary authority of Cheshire East and the ceremonial county of Cheshire, England. The village lies 3½ miles to the south west of Winsford and 6 miles to the north west of Crewe. The parish also includes the settlements of Chapel Green and Woodside. Nearby villages include Alpraham, Calveley, Cholmondeston, Church Minshull, Little Budworth and Tarporley. St David's Church and the Boot and Slipper and Little Man public houses are located in Wettenhall village. The village's former manor house was demolished circa 1930.
  According to the 2001 census, the parish had a population of 135.
  The parish includes Wettenhall Wood, part of the Wettenhall And Darnhall Woods Site of Special Scientific Interest, together with woodland in the adjacent Darnhall parish.
  Media related to Wettenhall at Wikimedia Commons
  Coordinates: 53°9′N 2°34′W / 53.15°N 2.567°W / 53.15; -2.567
  
  
  
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  Whitewell
  Coordinates: 53°54′47″N 2°31′26″W / 53.913°N 2.524°W / 53.913; -2.524
  Whitewell is a hamlet within the Ribble Valley borough of Lancashire, England, in the Forest of Bowland Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty. Historically, it lay on the border of the former West Riding of Yorkshire. It stands above a picturesque bend in the River Hodder.
  The hamlet comprises Upper and Lower Whitewell. Lower Whitewell is the site of St Michael's, a Chapel of Ease built in the late medieval period, certainly no later than 1400, which comes under the Lancashire parish of Whalley. The restaurant and hotel, The Inn at Whitewell, is also situated in Lower Whitewell..
  From the late fourteenth century, The Inn anciently housed the Forest courts of the Forest of Bowland and provided lodgings for the Master Forester. There is evidence of Master Foresters in Bowland dating back as early as the late twelfth century.
  It is thought that the ancient administrative centre of the Forest was at Hall Hill, north-north-east of the current hamlet. It is conjectured that this motte - now merely an earthwork mound surmounted by trees overlooking the old keeper's cottage at Seed Hill Farm - formed the centre of an early medieval hunting laund (enclosure) known as Radholme which is mentioned as a vill in Domesday.
  
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  Widnes
  Coordinates: 53°21′47″N 2°43′41″W / 53.363°N 2.728°W / 53.363; -2.728
  Widnes is an industrial town within the borough of Halton, in Cheshire, England, with an urban area population of 58,300 in 2010. It is located on the northern bank of the River Mersey where the estuary narrows to form the Runcorn Gap. Directly to the south across the Mersey is the town of Runcorn. Upstream and 8 miles (13 km) to the east is the town of Warrington, and downstream to the west is the neighbouring area of Speke, of the city of Liverpool. Historically part of Lancashire, the town later came under Cheshire for administrative purposes in the 1974 local government reorganisation.
  Prior to the Industrial Revolution Widnes consisted of a small number of separate settlements on land which was mainly marsh or moorland. In 1847 the first chemical factory was established and the town rapidly became a major centre of the chemical industry. The demand for labour was met by the immigration of large numbers of workers from Ireland, Poland, Lithuania and Wales. The town continues to be a major manufacturer of chemicals and there has been a degree of diversification of the town's industries.
  
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  Wilmslow
  Coordinates: 53°19′30″N 2°14′20″W / 53.325°N 2.239°W / 53.325; -2.239
  Wilmslow is a town in Cheshire, England. It lies to the south of the city of Manchester between Alderley Edge and Handforth. At the 2001 Census, the population of the town was 30,326.
  Wilmslow, like its neighbour Alderley Edge, is famous for its affluence and expensive houses. It has a selection of expensive designer shops, cafes and restaurants that attract people living the true "Cheshire lifestyle", such as the numerous Premiership footballers, WAGs, actors and multi-millionaire North-West business people that live in and around the Wilmslow area. It is one of the most expensive and sought-after places to live in the UK after central London.
  Wilmslow falls within the political constituency of Tatton, a strongly Conservative constituency represented by George Osborne, the current Chancellor of the Exchequer. It is the third most affluent constituency in the UK after Kensington and Chelsea and the City of London and Westminster.
  
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  Wincle
  Coordinates: 53°11′N 2°04′W / 53.19°N 2.06°W / 53.19; -2.06
  Wincle is a small village and civil parish in the unitary authority of Cheshire East and the ceremonial county of Cheshire. The parish contains the village of Danebridge, which is larger than the village of Wincle itself. It holds parish meetings rather than parish council meetings.
  Media related to Wincle at Wikimedia Commons
  Coordinates: 53°11′N 2°04′W / 53.19°N 2.06°W / 53.19; -2.06
  
  
  
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• Winmarleigh
  Winmarleigh is a village and civil parish of the Borough of Wyre in Lancashire, England. The village, which is north-west of Garstang, has an agricultural college, and most of the land in the area is owned by the Duchy of Lancaster. This includes the local pub, the Patten Arms. It is home to the great manor of Winmarleigh Hall. Constructed to the order of the Duchy of Lancaster, it was given to the first Lord Winmarleigh. Since then the House has been donated to NST Travel group, who have turned the grounds into an outdoor education programme for schools across the country.
  Winmarleigh railway station opened in 1870 on the Garstang and Knot-End Railway. It was renamed Nateby railway station in 1902 and closed in 1930.
  Media related to Winmarleigh at Wikimedia Commons
  
  
  
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  Winsford
  Coordinates: 53°11′38″N 2°31′12″W / 53.194°N 2.520°W / 53.194; -2.520
  Winsford is a town and civil parish within the unitary authority of Cheshire West and Chester and the ceremonial county of Cheshire, England. It lies on the River Weaver south of Northwich and west of Middlewich, and grew around the salt mining industry after the river was canalised in the eighteenth century, allowing freight to be conveyed northwards to the Port of Runcorn on the River Mersey.
  Winsford is split into two neighbourhoods: Over on the western side of the River Weaver and Wharton on the eastern side.
  
  
  Kings Henry III and Edward I occasionally held court at Darnhall near Winsford^{[citation needed]} The latter king founded Vale Royal Abbey at Darnhall, but then moved it in 1277^{[citation needed]} to near Whitegate. By around 1280, a charter had been granted to form a new town near the Abbey, centred on the present-day Delamere Street in Winsford. From this charter can be traced the origins of the market that is still held in the town.
  
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  Wirksworth
  Coordinates: 53°05′N 1°34′W / 53.08°N 1.57°W / 53.08; -1.57
  Wirksworth is a market town in Derbyshire, England, with a population of over 9000. It is the second largest in the Derbyshire Peak District after Matlock. The population including Cromford, Bolehill and Middleton-by-Wirksworth is about 12,000. It lies on the border of Amber Valley and Derbyshire Dales districts.
  Wirksworth is listed in the Domesday Book of 1086. Within it is the source of the River Ecclesbourne. The town was granted its market charter by Edward I in 1306. The market is held every Tuesday in the market square. St Mary's Church is believed to date from about AD 653.
  Historically, Wirksworth developed as a centre for lead mining and later of stone quarrying.
  Many of the institutions in the area have connections with the Gell family, of Hopton Hall, whose most famous member was Sir John Gell, 1st Baronet, who fought on Parliament's side in the Civil War. One of his predecessors, Anthony Gell, founded the local grammar school, and one of his successors, Phillip Gell, opened the curiously named Via Gellia (possibly named in allusion to the Roman Via Appia), a road from the family's lead mines around Wirksworth to the smelter in Cromford. The town's comprehensive school is named after Anthony Gell.
  
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  Wirswall
  Coordinates: 52°59′33″N 2°40′43″W / 52.99243°N 2.67868°W / 52.99243; -2.67868
  Wirswall is a village and civil parish in the unitary authority of Cheshire East and the ceremonial county of Cheshire, England, located at SJ544441 near the Shropshire border, around 1½ miles north of Whitchurch. The historical township had an area of 973 acres (3.94 km²). The civil parish also includes the settlements of Bradeley Green, Wicksted and part of Willey Moor.
  According to the 2001 Census, the parish had a population of 76.
  A large perforated stone axe was found in the village, suggesting occupation during the Neolithic Period.
  The village appears in the Domesday Book as Wiresuelle, an outlying estate of Marbury. Like much of the land in the Nantwich hundred it was then held by William Malbank, having been earlier held by Earl Harold. The Domesday Book describes it as being 'waste', suggesting that any settlement might have been destroyed during the suppression of the rebellion of 1069–70. In 1288, it formed part of the barony of Wich Malbank. In 1656, Wirswall (then spelled Wyrsal) was held by the Hinton family.
  
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  Wistaston
  Coordinates: 53°04′56″N 2°28′29″W / 53.0821°N 2.4747°W / 53.0821; -2.4747
  Wistaston is a civil parish and village in the unitary authority of Cheshire East and the ceremonial county of Cheshire, in north-west England. It is approximately 2 miles (3.2 km) west of Crewe town centre and 3 miles (4.8 km) east of Nantwich town centre.^{[citation needed]} It has a population of 8,222.
  In the Domesday Survey of 1086, the area was called Wistanestune and was a going concern having a population of 25 to 30 people, valuable woodland and arable land, and deer roaming about. It had been worth 30 shillings, but after William the Conqueror's devastation of Cheshire, it was worth just ten shillings in 1086. It was one of several local villages with the suffix ‘tune’ or ‘ton’ - meaning a ‘farmstead’.^{[citation needed]}
  The village has won the following awards, Cheshire Community Council ‘Best Kept Village Competition’ (1984, 1988, 1998, 1999, 2000), Civic Pride Award (1993, 1994, 1995), and Cheshire Community Council ‘Community Pride’ (2005).^{[citation needed]}
  
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  Worleston
  Worleston is a village (at SJ658564) and civil parish in the unitary authority of Cheshire East and the ceremonial county of Cheshire, England. The village lies 2½ miles north of Nantwich and 3 miles west of Crewe. The civil parish also includes the settlements of Beambridge, Rease Heath, Mile End and Rookery, with a total population of a little over 400.
  Historically, Worleston civil parish was included within the ancient parish of Acton, and St Mary's Church, Acton was the parish church. The small civil parish of Alvaston was added to Worleston in 1899, and part of the parish was transferred to Nantwich in 1936.
  Nearby villages include Acton, Aston juxta Mondrum, Willaston and Wistaston. The River Weaver forms the eastern boundary of the parish, with a tributary running east–west across the parish, south of Rookery Hall. Other Weaver tributaries form parts of the south-eastern, western and northern parish boundaries. The Reaseheath College at Rease Heath has a lake, and there are numerous small meres and ponds scattered across the farmland.
  
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  Wrexham
  Coordinates: 53°02′47″N 2°59′36″W / 53.0463°N 2.9932°W / 53.0463; -2.9932
  Wrexham ( /ˈrɛksəm/ REKS-əm; Welsh: Wrecsam; Welsh pronunciation: [ˈwrɛksam]) is the largest town in North Wales. It is the administrative centre of the wider Wrexham County Borough, located in the east of the region. It is situated between the Welsh mountains and the lower Dee Valley close to the border with Cheshire, England. As the largest town in the north of Wales, it is a major centre of the region's commercial, retail and educational infrastructure.
  At the time of the United Kingdom Census 2001, Wrexham had a population of 42,576, and the wider Wrexham Urban Area, as defined by the Office for National Statistics, had a population of 63,084. The county borough of Wrexham, which covers 50,500 hectares, has a population of over 130,000.
  Wrexham's former police station on Regent Street, originally the barracks for the Royal Denbighshire Militia, is now home to Wrexham County Borough Museum. The museum has two galleries devoted to the history of the town and its surrounding communities.
  
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  Wybunbury
  Wybunbury is a village (at SJ696499) and civil parish in the unitary authority of Cheshire East and the ceremonial county of Cheshire, England. The village lies 3¼ miles to the south east of Nantwich and 3¾ miles to the south of Crewe. The parish also includes the settlements of Clannor Heath, Daisy Hill, The Flag, Pinfold and parts of Blakelow, Haymoor Green and Howbeck Bank. Nearby villages include Hough, Shavington, Stapeley and Walgherton. The A51 runs east–west through the south-western corner of the parish.
  According to the 2001 census, the parish had a population of 1,474.
  Wybunbury is pronounced "Win-bree"
  From 1974 the civil parish was served by Crewe and Nantwich Borough Council, which wa succeeded on 1 April 2009 by the new unitary authority of Cheshire East . Wybunbury falls in the parliamentary constituency of Crewe and Nantwich, which has been represented by Edward Timpson since a by-election in 2008.
  The leaning tower of the former church of St Chad, also known as the 'Leaning Tower of South Cheshire' and the 'Hanging Steeple of Wimberie', is located in Wybunbury village. The 29.3 m tower is all that remains of a late fifteenth century church demolished in 1833. (Later churches, replacing the fifteenth century one, were also demolished in 1892 and 1977.) The tower was stabilised using underexcavation by James Trubshaw in 1832; this is the earliest known application of the technique, which was also used to stabilise the Leaning Tower of Pisa.
  
  wn.com/Wybunbury

• Ada Nield Chew
  Ada Nield Chew (28 January 1870 - 27 December 1945) was a British suffragist.
  Ada Nield was born on a farm near Butt Lane in North Staffordshire on 28 January 1870, daughter of Willam and Jane (née Hammond) Nield. She left school at the age of eleven to help her mother take care of house and family. When she was in her twenties she worked as a tailor in a factory in Crewe, Cheshire, but was dismissed after writing a series of letters to The Crewe Chronicle which criticised working conditions in the factory. Following this she became active in the Independent Labour Party and in 1896, she toured the north-east of England in the Clarion Van to publicise the ILP's policies. Shortly afterwards, in 1897 she married George Chew another ILP organiser. Their daughter, Doris, (and only child) was born in the following year. Chew then became an organiser for the Women's Trade Union League.
  In the years leading up to the First World War, Chew became an active supporter of the movement for women's suffrage. According to her daughter, Chew as a working class woman, sometimes felt patronised by the middle class leadership of the movement. This was reflected in a lively correspondence with Christabel Pankhurst in the pages of The Clarion during 1904. Chew became a member of the National Union of Women's Suffrage Societies and worked for this body as an organiser from 1911 to 1914. The main focus of her work was in winning support for the cause through contacts in the labour movement.
  
  wn.com/Ada_Nield_Chew
• 
  Adam Rickitt
  Adam Peter Rickitt (born 29 May 1978)^{[citation needed]} is an English charity fundraiser and former actor, singer and model.
  Rickitt was born in Crewe, Cheshire, the youngest of four brothers. His father is co-owner of an estate agency. Rickitt was educated at Sedbergh School, a boarding school in Cumbria.^{[citation needed]}
  Rickitt has spoken publicly about suffering from bulimia in his teenage years and about how male sufferers have largely been neglected.
  Prior to his acting career, Rickitt had briefly been a child model. He subsequently has modelled for numerous UK magazines such as Attitude and Cosmopolitan.
  Rickitt is most famous for his role on popular ITV soap opera Coronation Street, where he took over the role of Nick Tilsley in 1997. His girlfriend sent his pictures to various showbusiness agents, one of whom was Nigel Martin-Smith. At first Martin-Smith had the idea of putting him in a boy band he was forming, but when he found out that Coronation Street were re-casting the part of Nick, Rickitt auditioned for the part and got the job. The part had previously been played by actor Warren Jackson until 1996 when the character moved to Canada.
  
  wn.com/Adam_Rickitt
• 
  Alan Garner
  Alan Garner OBE (born 17 October 1934) is an English novelist who is best known for his work in children's fantasy and his retellings of traditional British folk tales. His work is firmly rooted in the landscape, history and folklore of his native county of Cheshire, North West England, being set in the region and making use of the native Cheshire dialect.
  Born into a working class family in Congleton, Cheshire, Garner grew up around the nearby town of Alderley Edge, and spent much of his youth in the wooded area known locally as 'The Edge', where he gained an early interest in the folklore of the region. Studying at Manchester Grammar School and then Oxford University, in 1957 he moved to the nearby village of Blackden, where he bought and renovated an Early Modern building known as Toad Hall. His first novel, The Weirdstone of Brisingamen, was published in 1960. A children's fantasy novel set on the Edge, it incorporated elements of local folklore into its plot. It was followed by a sequel, The Moon of Gomrath (1963), although Garner never produced the envisioned third part of the trilogy. Instead he produced a string of further fantasy novels, Elidor (1965), The Owl Service (1967) and Red Shift (1973).
  
  wn.com/Alan_Garner
• Ashley Shaw
  Stuart Ashley Shaw (born 15 April 1991) is an English cricketer. Shaw is a right-handed batsman who bowls left-arm fast-medium. He was born in Crewe, Cheshire and educated there at Shavington High School.
  Shaw made his debut for Kent in a Twenty20 match against Middlesex in the 2010 Friends Provident t20, with him making three further appearances in that seasons competition. During the 2011 season, he made his first-class debut against Loughborough MCC University, with him going on to make three further first-class appearances that season. He has taken 11 first-class wickets to date, which have come at an average of 36.36, with best figures of 5/118. His maiden five wicket haul came against Derbyshire in the County Championship. In that same season, Shaw also made his List A debut against Worcestershire in the Clydesdale Bank 40. He made five further appearances in that format during 2011, the last of which came against the Netherlands. He took 5 wickets in these six appearances, which came at an average of 36.80, with best figures of 3/26. Shaw made no Twenty20 appearances during the 2011 season.
  
  wn.com/Ashley_Shaw
• 
  Beth Tweddle
  Elizabeth "Beth" Kimberly Tweddle MBE (born 1 April 1985) is an English gymnast. Tweddle is a three time world champion having won the 2010 World Championships and 2006 World Championships on the uneven bars and the 2009 World Championships on the floor. Tweddle was the first gymnast from Britain ever to win a medal at the World and European Championships, and is considered to be the most successful British gymnast of all time. She is also a seven-time British National Champion, having won the title every year between 2001 and 2007.
  Beth Tweddle was born in Johannesburg, South Africa where her father was temporarily employed, and moved to England with her family when she was 18 months old. She was raised in Bunbury, Cheshire, England. Tweddle began competing in gymnastics at the age of seven at a local club (Crewe and Nantwich Gymnastics Club ), and was named to the British junior national team in 1994. In 1997, she moved to the City of Liverpool Gymnastics Club. Tweddle trains alongside other British gymnasts, such as Hannah Whelan. Tweddle won the British senior National Championships for the first time in 2001. Tweddle was a member of the City of Liverpool Gymnastics Club team, which has won the British Team Championships five times. Tweddle attended the Queens School in Chester.
  
  wn.com/Beth_Tweddle
• 
  Bill Bryson
  William McGuire "Bill" Bryson, OBE, (born December 8, 1951) is a best-selling American author of humorous books on travel, as well as books on the English language and on science. Born an American, he was a resident of Britain for most of his adult life before returning to the US in 1995. In 2003 Bryson moved back to Britain, living in the old rectory of Wramplingham, Norfolk, and was appointed Chancellor of Durham University.
  Bill Bryson was born in Des Moines, Iowa, the son of William and Mary Bryson. (In 2006 Bryson published The Life and Times of the Thunderbolt Kid, a humorous account of his childhood years in Des Moines.) His mother was of Irish stock. He has an older brother, Michael and a sister, Mary Jane Elizabeth.
  Bryson attended Drake University for two years before dropping out in 1972, deciding to instead backpack around Europe for four months. He returned to Europe the following year with a high school friend, the pseudonymous Stephen Katz. Some of his experiences from this trip are relived as flashbacks in Neither Here Nor There: Travels in Europe, which documents a similar journey Bryson made twenty years later.
  
  wn.com/Bill_Bryson
• 
  Bruce Grobbelaar
  Bruce David Grobbelaar (born 6 October 1957 in Durban, South Africa) is a former football goalkeeper and manager.
  He played for a number of clubs in a career which spanned for more than 20 years at professional level, most notably Liverpool during their dominant period in the 1980s and early 1990s.
  In his teenage years, Grobbelaar was a talented cricketer and was offered a baseball scholarship in the United States, but a career in football was his main ambition. His footballing career started with a Bulawayo-based team, Highlanders FC, in Rhodesia's second biggest city. In his late teens he was signed up by Durban City Football Club in South Africa, but left claiming to have been sidelined owing to his colour in this predominantly black team — the team had played in an all-White league until the previous year. Immediately after leaving Highlands Park, he signed up for National Service, spending two years on active service in the Rhodesia Regiment during the Rhodesian Bush War. In 1979 Grobbelaar was signed up by the Vancouver Whitecaps of the NASL after he had attended their scouting camp in South Africa.
  
  wn.com/Bruce_Grobbelaar
• 
  Chris Morton
  Christopher John (Chris) Morton MBE (born 22 July 1956 in Davyhulme, Lancashire) is a former motorcycle speedway rider. He rode bikes from a young age at the farm of Peter Collins' parents.
  Morton made his debut for Ellesmere Port Gunners (on loan from Belle Vue) on 15 May 1973 He showed rapid improvement then following an injury to Aces Captain Chris Pusey in June 1973 Chris was drafted into the Belle Vue team scoring 6 points on his debut in an away meeting at Cradley Heath.
  He rode for the England team at test level and represented them in the World Team Cup, winning the competition in 1980.
  Morton became British Champion in 1983 and World Pairs Champion with best friend Peter Collins in 1984.
  He retired from riding in 1990, becoming manager of Berwick Bandits in 1991. He also played a major role in the introduction of speedway to Buxton in 1994.
  In 2005 he returned to Belle Vue as commercial manager and then in December 2006 he was part of a consortium who bought the Aces and currently holds the positions of Operations Director and Team Manager.
  
  wn.com/Chris_Morton
• Craig Hignett
  Craig Hignett, (born 12 January 1970 in Whiston), is an English former professional footballer who now works as an agent and a commentator on BBC Radio 5 Live. He started his career as a striker but later moved into midfield.
  After attending school at Page Moss secondary, now known as Bowring Community Sports College, in Huyton, Hignett started his career in the youth team at Liverpool before moving to Crewe Alexandra in 1988, making his debut on 8 October 1988 against Wrexham.
  In his first spell with Crewe he made 150 appearances and scored 57 goals, helping them to promotion from the old division four in the 1988–89 season and to the play-offs in the 1991–92 season—his last season at Gresty Road—before moving to the Premier League with Middlesbrough in November 1992.
  After the club were relegated in his first season with Middlesbrough, he helped them back up two seasons later. In 1996–97 Hignett again suffered relegation with Middlesbrough and was part of the team that lost in the FA Cup final and League Cup final the same season. He had however made sure of a place in the club's history by scoring the first goal at the Riverside Stadium, their new ground, in a 2–0 win over Chelsea at the start of 1995–96 Season.
  
  wn.com/Craig_Hignett
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  Dario Gradi
  Dario Gradi MBE (born 8 July 1941) is an Italian-born English football manager and former player. He has been associated for almost thirty years with Crewe Alexandra, with whom he is currently the Director of Football and also Director of the academy.
  Gradi is notable for his 24-year first spell as manager of Crewe, between 1983 and 2007. He stepped down from his managerial role in 2007, handing first-team responsibilities to Steve Holland, and became technical director. At that time, Gradi was the longest serving manager of an English football league club. After returning as manager in 2009, he stepped down on 10 November 2011 to focus on youth development at Crewe.
  Born to an Italian father (who died when Dario was a small child) and an English mother, Gradi moved to London when his mother returned after the Second World War.
  He trained as a teacher of physical education at what is now Loughborough University and his first (and only) teaching position was at Glyn Grammar School, Epsom, the school which he himself had attended. He joined Sutton United, playing in the FA Cup tie against Leeds United in 1970, and then represented Tooting & Mitcham United. During that time Gradi also owned and operated a sportswear and equipment shop in Ewell village.^{[citation needed]}
  
  wn.com/Dario_Gradi
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  Dave Morton
  David James (Dave) Morton (born 24 September 1953 in Eccles, Lancashire, England) is a former international motorcycle speedway rider who started his career with the Crewe Kings. Represented England at test level. Brother Chris also rode.
  Signed by the Hackney Hawks in 1973 from the Crewe Kings but missed almost the entire 1977 season with a broken leg. Requested a transfer in 1978 and was swapped for Finn Thomsen from Wolverhampton Wolves.
  Won the New Zealand Championship in 1975.
  Dave now works for a Baggage handling company (Servisair) at Manchester Airport as a mechanic.
  
  
  
  wn.com/Dave_Morton
• David Gilford
  David Gilford (born 14 September 1965) is an English professional golfer.
  Gilford was born in Crewe. He won the English Amateur in 1984 and turned professional in 1986.
  Gilford has six wins on the European Tour, all of which came between 1991 and 1994. He finished in the top ten of the European Tour Order of Merit twice, placing 9th in 1991 and 7th in 1994. He played in the Ryder Cup in 1991 and 1995.
  DNP = Did not play
  CUT = missed the half-way cut
  "T" = tied
  Green background for wins. Yellow background for top-10.
  
  wn.com/David_Gilford
• 
  Dean Ashton
  Dean Ashton (born 24 November 1983) is an English former professional footballer. He made over 240 appearances as a forward in the Football League and Premier League for Crewe Alexandra, Norwich City and West Ham United, and was also capped by England. He was highly praised as a talented centre forward, but had a career frustrated by injury. He retired on 11 December 2009, aged 26, after failing to recover from a long-term ankle injury sustained during international duty with England.
  Born in in Swindon, Wiltshire and brought up in Holmes Chapel, Cheshire, Ashton spent his youth career playing at both Stoke City and Crewe Alexandra. He was a product of Crewe Alexandra's renowned youth development policy under manager Dario Gradi. He signed scholarship forms as a 16-year-old in 2000 before making his first team debut later that year in Crewe's 1-0 win over Gillingham and became one of the youngest players to represent the club. He waited three months for his second appearance, again as substitute, in a 3-1 victory over Grimsby Town, and his first goal for the Railwaymen was in their 4-2 victory against Burnley. His first start arrived in an FA Cup clash against Cardiff City in January 2001. He finished his first season at the club with eight goals, including crucial ones against Bolton Wanderers, Portsmouth, Gillingham and Wimbledon towards the end of the season as Crewe secured their First Division status.
  
  wn.com/Dean_Ashton
• Frank Blunstone
  Frank Blunstone (born 17 October 1934 in Crewe) is an English former international footballer who played for Crewe Alexandra and Chelsea as an outside left.
  After surprisingly rejecting Wolverhampton Wanderers in favour of his home-town club, he signed professional terms with Crewe in early 1952. Following a string of impressive performances in Division Three North, he was signed by Chelsea manager Ted Drake for £7,500 a year later while still doing national service.
  He made his Chelsea debut in a 3-2 victory over Tottenham Hotspur, at White Hart Lane in February 1953, scoring the decisive third goal. His early years at the club saw little success for the team, but in 1954–55 Chelsea became First Division champions, with Blunstone an important part of the side, though he continued to juggle appearances for Chelsea with his national service.
  Between 1954 and 1956, Blunstone was capped on five occasions by England under-23's, scoring three goals, and also won five caps for the senior England team. He made his debut against Wales, creating two goals for team-mate Roy Bentley in a 3-2 win. He also played in England's famous 7-2 win over Scotland at Wembley.
  
  wn.com/Frank_Blunstone
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  Geoff Thomas
  Geoff Thomas born Manchester, England (5 August 1964) is a former English footballer, who won nine caps for the full England team and captained Crystal Palace to the FA Cup final in 1990. He is the Founder of the Geoff Thomas Foundation, a charity that raises funds to fight cancer, a disease from which Thomas has suffered.
  Geoff Thomas was plucked from relative obscurity by Crewe Alexandra Football Club, and, under the guidance of manager Dario Gradi, was moulded into an England International. However, the real challenge of Thomas' life came when his career had ended, with a fight against leukemia.
  After playing non-league football in his teenage years, Thomas gambled on a career in professional football in 1982 by taking a pay cut from his job as an electrician, to sign full time with Rochdale in 1982. He was by no means a regular at Spotland, however, and in the two seasons he spent at Rochdale he made only 12 appearances, scoring just once. That said, Thomas was still something of an unknown quantity when Dario signed him on a free transfer in March 1984, but he was quickly to become a favourite at Gresty Road.
  
  wn.com/Geoff_Thomas
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  Jason Crump
  Jason Philip Crump (born 6 August 1975 in Bristol, England) is an Australian international motorcycle speedway rider. He is a three-time Speedway World Champion, a World Cup winner and a former World Under-21 Champion.
  His father, Phil Crump, is a native Australian and was riding for the Newport Wasps when Jason was born. Phil came third in the world championship in 1976 when British star Peter Collins won the title. The Crump family had a home in Bristol while Phil was racing in the British League. His grandfather Neil Street was a former speedway rider and former manager of the Australia speedway team.
  He and his wife Melody have two children, Mia-Lili and Seth.
  Crump won his first major junior title in 1990 becoming Australian Under-16 champion, and he progressed through the ranks to become Individual U-21 World Champion in 1995. That same year, he made his Speedway Grand Prix debut as a wild card in the British Grand Prix – he won his first three rides, but fell in the B final to finish 8th overall.
  
  wn.com/Jason_Crump
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  Joseph Locke
  Joseph Locke (9 August 1805 – 18 September 1860) was a notable English civil engineer of the 19th century, particularly associated with railway projects. Locke ranked alongside Robert Stephenson and Isambard Kingdom Brunel as one of the major pioneers of railway development.
  Locke was born in Attercliffe, Sheffield in Yorkshire, moving to nearby Barnsley when he was five. By the age of 17, Joseph had already served an apprenticeship under William Stobart at Pelaw, on the south bank of the Tyne, and under his own father, William. He was an experienced mining engineer, able to survey, sink shafts, to construct railways, tunnels and stationary engines. Joseph’s father had been a manager at Wallbottle colliery on Tyneside when George Stephenson was a fireman there. In 1823, when Joseph was 17, Stephenson was involved with planning the Stockton and Darlington Railway. He and his son Robert Stephenson visited William Locke and his son at Barnsley and it was arranged that Joseph would go to work for the Stephensons. The Stephensons established a locomotive works near Forth Street, Newcastle upon Tyne, to manufacture locomotives for the new railway. Joseph Locke, despite his youth, soon established a position of authority. He and Robert Stephenson became close friends, but their friendship was interrupted, in 1824, by Robert leaving to work in Peru for three years.
  
  wn.com/Joseph_Locke
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  Les Collins
  Leslie 'Les' Collins (born 24 May 1958 in Manchester, England) is a former Speedway rider. He finished runner-up in the 1982 Speedway World Championship as well as winning the Intercontinental Final in 1982, the British Under-21 Championship in 1977 and the British League Riders' Championship in 1980.
  Les started his career with the Crewe Kings before moving Belle Vue Aces. He was loaned to the Stoke Potters in 1976 but in 1977 he made a place with the Aces his own, riding alongside brother Peter and family friend Chris Morton.
  Les moved to the Leicester Lions in 1980 where he stayed until 1983. It was the 1982 season however that proved to be the high point of Les' career. He qualified for his first and only Speedway World Championship final, winning the Inter Continental title on the way. He finished runner-up that day, despite being the only rider to beat the eventual champion Bruce Penhall. The final was held at Los Angeles Memorial Coliseum.
  An incident involving Penhall and the late Kenny Carter in heat 14 saw Carter excluded. Both riders were being beaten by Peter Collins at the point of the crash. Despite protests by Carter it was he who was excluded rather than Penhall, who won the re-run heat; If Penhall had been excluded then the title may have headed in Les' direction.
  
  wn.com/Les_Collins
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  Mark Cueto
  Mark John "Frank" Cueto (born 26 December 1979 in Workington, Cumbria) is an English international rugby union player. He plays on the wing for Sale Sharks and England.
  He owes his surname to a Spaniard great-grandfather Antonio, who sailed from Santander in the 1900s and settled in Maryport, Cumbria, where he set up a fish-and-chip shop. His Cumbrian home town of Workington is in an area more associated with rugby league than union. Although he played his first rugby game as an eight-year-old in Workington, and played after he moved with his parents to Wolverhampton, he did not grow up playing the game. When he was 10 years old, his parents moved again to Crewe, where he took up football instead of rugby, becoming a keen Manchester United fan. He did not play rugby again until he was 17. His early club was Altrincham Kersal.
  Then, when he was 17 and in his final A-level year at Alsager Comprehensive, there was the annual rugby match against Holmes Chapel. It was an occasion of no great importance. Holmes Chapel had a reasonable team, but rugby players were thin on the ground at Alsager and there was not much debate about the likely result. To make up a team, Alsager teacher Lindsay Purcell recruited a number of footballers. Cueto was one of those press-ganged into service, though when it came to sport he was easily persuaded. Football was number one but he had also done athletics, basketball, volleyball and cricket.
  
  wn.com/Mark_Cueto
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  Neil Brooks
  Neil Brooks (born 27 July 1962) is a former Australian sprint freestyle swimmer best known for winning the 4 × 100 m medley relay at the 1980 Olympics in Moscow as part of the Quietly Confident Quartet. Brooks was as much known for his swimming achievements as he was for disciplinary incidents. He often found himself in conflict with officialdom and threatened with sanctions. His international career ended when he was suspended for drinking 46 cans of beer on the return flight to Australia after the 1986 Commonwealth Games. In retirement, he became a news presenter and sports commentator, but was fired amid alcohol problems.
  Born in England, Brooks emigrated to Australia as a toddler and started swimming lessons after nearly drowning in a childhood accident. After initially being known for his lack of technique, Brooks quickly rose through the youth ranks. Brooks made his debut at the Australian Championships in 1976, but it was not until 1979 that he medalled at national level and made his debut for Australia at a FINA (Fédération Internationale de Natation) Swimming World Cup meet. In 1980, he gained prominence by breaking the Australian record in the 100 m freestyle and being invited to a national team camp. There he had his first clash with officialdom, walking out after accusing the officials of neglecting him. He then qualified for the Australian team for the 1980 Moscow Olympics, defying political pressure to boycott the Games in the wake of the Soviet invasion of Afghanistan. Arriving in Moscow, Brooks' experience in the 100 m freestyle was an unpleasant one, suffering an asthma attack and missing the final. The peak of his swimming career came in the 4 × 100 m medley relay, when he caught and passed the Soviet Union's Sergey Kopliakov during the anchor leg to seal a narrow victory for Australia. This victory remains the only time that the United States did not win the event at Olympic level.
  
  wn.com/Neil_Brooks
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  Neil Lennon
  Neil Francis Lennon (born 25 June 1971) is a former footballer from Northern Ireland. He is the manager and former captain of Celtic.
  During his playing career he represented English clubs Manchester City, Crewe Alexandra and Leicester City before moving to Scottish club Celtic where he made over 200 appearances as a midfielder. Before retiring as a player, he returned to England to represent Nottingham Forest and Wycombe Wanderers.
  Lennon made 40 appearances for Northern Ireland in nine years, scoring two goals.
  Lennon was born in Lurgan, County Armagh and attended St Michael's Grammar School in the town. As a youngster he played gaelic football for the school and was also selected for the Armagh minor team. He grew up supporting Celtic and played football for the local Lurgan Celtic youth team.
  Lennon joined Glenavon, after reaching the final of the Milk Cup and scored on his Irish League debut. He then joined Manchester City as a trainee in 1987, before he signed for Crewe Alexandra on a free transfer in August 1990.
  
  wn.com/Neil_Lennon
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  Phil Crump
  Philip John "Phil" Crump (born 9 February 1952) in Mildura, Victoria is a retired Australian Motorcycle speedway rider who attained 3rd place in the 1976 World Championship. He also won the 1976 Speedway World Team Cup with Australia in the same year.
  Crumpy as he is known to his mates and fans, started racing speedway in his late teens at his local Mildura track Olympic Park Speedway in 1970 and would go on to have a stellar career both in Australia and overseas.
  Phil Crump first won his first Australian Solo Championship in 1975 at the famous Sydney Showground Speedway. He would go on to win another three national championships in 1979 at his home track (Olympic Park), 1984, again at Olympic Park. He won his last championship in 1988 at the Riverview Speedway in Murray Bridge, South Australia. He would also finish second on five occasions (1976, 1977, 1980, 1981 and 1985) while he would finish third in the championship in 1983. Crump finished 2nd to World Champion Ole Olsen of Denmark in 1976 after the Dane was a controversial inclusion in the Final at the Liverpool Speedway in Sydney, despite protests from other riders about his eligibility.
  
  wn.com/Phil_Crump
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  Ranulph Crewe
  Sir Ranulph (or Randolph or Ranulphe) Crewe (or Crew) (1558–1646) was an English judge and Chief Justice of the King’s Bench.
  Ranulph Crewe was the second son of John Crew of Nantwich, who is said to have been a tanner, by Alice, daughter of Humphrey Mainwaring. He attended Shrewsbury School and, in 1576, Christ's College, Cambridge, but did not take a degree. He was admitted a member of Lincoln's Inn on 13 Nov. 1577, called to the bar on 8 Nov. 1584, returned to parliament as junior member for Brackley, Northamptonshire, in 1597, elected a Bencher of Lincoln's Inn in 1600, and Autumn Reader there in 1602. The earliest reported case in which he was engaged was tried in the Queen's Bench in Hilary term 1597-8, when he acted as junior to the attorney-general, Coke. In 1604 he was selected by the House of Commons to state objections to the adoption of the new style of king of Great Britain in the conference with the lords.
  
  wn.com/Ranulph_Crewe
• Shanaze Reade
  Shanaze Danielle Reade (born 23 September 1988 in Crewe, Cheshire, United Kingdom) is a professional British Bicycle Motocross (BMX) racer and track cyclist whose prime competitive years began in 2002. She has won the UCI BMX World Championships three times. Reade is the daughter of a Jamaican father and an Irish mother.
  Reade began racing in 1998 at the age of 10, at Tipkinder Park in Crewe. A local track operator named Bob Field, whose son also raced at the time, became her mentor. She was influenced by BMX professional racer, Jamie Staff, who was also from Crewe and raced at Reade's home track before Reade's career and during its early stages. She bought her first BMX bike for £1. and fell in love with the sport ever since. She was previously a Track & Field enthusiast but apparently got bored with 100 metre sprint running and the Shot Put after five years in those sports before discovering BMX.
  In 2005 she raced the National series with the men all year, despite being only 17 years old. She commented on racing against men in a Descent World interview:
  
  wn.com/Shanaze_Reade
• Stan Bowles
  Stanley Bowles (born 24 December 1948 in Collyhurst, Manchester, England) was a leading English footballer who gained a reputation as one of the game's greatest mavericks. He was a cousin of Paul Bowles.
  Bowles began his career as an apprentice at Manchester City, although his fiery temper resulted in him falling out with coach Malcolm Allison and being released after a series of off-field incidents. After a brief and unsuccessful stay at Bury, he was signed by Ernie Tagg, manager of Crewe Alexandra, then in the Fourth Division, where his skill caught the eye of a number of bigger clubs. In October 1971 he was signed by Carlisle United, at the time a Second Division club, scoring 13 goals in 36 appearances for the Cumbrians. After a managerial change at the club, he was sold to Queens Park Rangers (QPR) for £112,000 in September 1972.
  He replaced in the team a previous QPR folk-hero, Rodney Marsh, who had been transferred to Bowles' first club Manchester City only six months before. Bowles took over Marsh's number 10 shirt, which other players had been reluctant to wear in fear of being compared unfavourably to the mercurial Marsh. Bowles had no such qualms about taking the shirt, joking that, coming from the North, he had never really heard of Marsh.
  
  wn.com/Stan_Bowles
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  Winsford
  Coordinates: 53°11′38″N 2°31′12″W / 53.194°N 2.520°W / 53.194; -2.520
  Winsford is a town and civil parish within the unitary authority of Cheshire West and Chester and the ceremonial county of Cheshire, England. It lies on the River Weaver south of Northwich and west of Middlewich, and grew around the salt mining industry after the river was canalised in the eighteenth century, allowing freight to be conveyed northwards to the Port of Runcorn on the River Mersey.
  Winsford is split into two neighbourhoods: Over on the western side of the River Weaver and Wharton on the eastern side.
  
  
  Kings Henry III and Edward I occasionally held court at Darnhall near Winsford^{[citation needed]} The latter king founded Vale Royal Abbey at Darnhall, but then moved it in 1277^{[citation needed]} to near Whitegate. By around 1280, a charter had been granted to form a new town near the Abbey, centred on the present-day Delamere Street in Winsford. From this charter can be traced the origins of the market that is still held in the town.
  
  wn.com/Winsford