- published: 14 Feb 2013
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- author: itnnews
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Armenia
Armenia
i/ɑrˈmiːniə/ (Armenian: Հայաստան Hayastan [hɑjɑsˈtɑn]), officially the Republic of Armenia (Հայաստանի Հանրապետություն, Hayastani Hanrapetut’yun, [hɑjɑstɑˈni hɑnɾɑpɛtuˈtʰjun]), is a landlocked, mountainous country in the South Caucasus region of Eurasia. Located at the crossroads of Western Asia and Eastern Europe, it is bordered by Turkey to the west, Georgia to the north, the de facto independent Nagorno-Karabakh Republic and Azerbaijan to the east, and Iran and the Azerbaijani exclave of Nakhchivan to the south.
A former republic of the Soviet Union, Armenia is a unitary, multiparty, democratic nation-state with an ancient and historic cultural heritage. The Kingdom of Armenia became the first state in the world to adopt Christianity as its religion, in the early years of the 4th century (the traditional date is 301 AD). The modern Republic of Armenia recognizes the Armenian Apostolic Church, the world's oldest national church, as the country's primary religious establishment. Armenians have their own unique alphabet invented by Mesrob Mashtots in 406 AD.
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Azerbaijan
Azerbaijan (
i/ˌæzərbaɪˈdʒɑːn/ AZ-ər-by-JAHN; Azerbaijani: Azərbaycan), officially the Republic of Azerbaijan (Azerbaijani: Azərbaycan Respublikası) is the largest country in the Caucasus region located at the crossroads of Western Asia and Eastern Europe, it is bounded by the Caspian Sea to the east, Russia to the north, Georgia to the northwest, Armenia to the west, and Iran to the south. The exclave of Nakhchivan is bounded by Armenia to the north and east, Iran to the south and west, while having a short borderline with Turkey to the northwest.
Azerbaijan has an ancient and historic cultural heritage. Aside from having been the first Muslim-majority country to have operas, theater and plays, Azerbaijan today is among the Muslim-majority countries where support for secularism and tolerance is the highest. The Azerbaijan Democratic Republic, the first democratic and secular republic in the Muslim world, was established in 1918, but was incorporated into the Soviet Union in 1920. Azerbaijan regained independence in 1991. Shortly thereafter, during the Nagorno-Karabakh War, neighboring Armenia occupied Nagorno-Karabakh, its surrounding territories and the enclaves of Karki, Yukhary Askipara, Barkhudarly and Sofulu. The Nagorno-Karabakh Republic, which emerged in Nagorno-Karabakh, continues to be not diplomatically recognized by any nation and the region is still considered a de jure part of Azerbaijan, despite being de facto independent since the end of the war. Azerbaijan has come under repeated international criticism for its record on human rights.
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Baku
Baku (Azerbaijani: Bakı, IPA: [bɑˈcɯ]), sometimes spelled as Baki or Bakou, is the capital and largest city of Azerbaijan, as well as the largest city on the Caspian Sea and of the Caucasus region. It is located on the southern shore of the Absheron Peninsula, which projects into the Caspian Sea. The city consists of two principal parts: the downtown and the old Inner City (21.5 ha). Baku's urban population at the beginning of 2009 was estimated at just over two million people. Officially, about 25 percent of all inhabitants of the country live in the metropolitan city area of Baku.
Baku is divided into eleven administrative districts (raions) and 48 townships. Among these are the townships on islands in the Baku Bay and the town of Oil Rocks built on stilts in the Caspian Sea, 60 km (37 mi) away from Baku. The Inner City of Baku along with the Shirvanshah's Palace and Maiden Tower were inscribed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 2000. According to the Lonely Planet's ranking, Baku is also among the world's top ten destinations for urban nightlife.
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Batumi
Batumi (Georgian: ბათუმი) is a seaside city on the Black Sea coast and capital of Adjara, an autonomous republic in southwest Georgia. Sometimes considered Georgia's second capital, with a population of 180,000 (2008 census), Batumi serves as an important port and a commercial center. It is situated in a subtropical zone, rich in agricultural produce such as citrus fruit and tea. While industries of the city include shipbuilding, food processing, and light manufacturing, most of its economy revolves around tourism.
Batumi is located on the site of the ancient Greek colony in Colchis called Bathus or Bathys – derived from the Greek phrase bathus limen or bathys limin meaning "deep harbour". Under Hadrian (r. 117–138 AD), it was converted into a fortified Roman port later deserted for the fortress of Petra founded in the times of Justinian I (r. 527–565). Garrisoned by the Roman-Byzantine forces, it was formally a possession of the kingdom of Lazica until being occupied briefly by the Arabs who did not hold it; in the 9th century it formed part of the Bagratid monarchy of Tao-Klarjeti and at the close of the 10th century of the unified kingdom of Georgia which succeeded it.
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Caucasian Iberia
Iberia (Georgian — იბერია, Latin: Iberia and Greek: Ἰβηρία), also known as Iveria (Georgian: ივერია), was a name given by the ancient Greeks and Romans to the ancient Georgian kingdom of Kartli (4th century BC – 5th century AD), corresponding roughly to the eastern and southern parts of the present day Georgia. The term Caucasian Iberia (or Eastern Iberia) is used to distinguish it from the Iberian Peninsula, where the present day countries of Spain, Portugal and Andorra are located.
The Caucasian Iberians provided a basis for later Georgian statehood and along with Colchis (early western Georgian state) formed a core of the present day Georgian people (or Kartvelians).
One theory on the etymology of the name Iberia, proposed by Giorgi Melikishvili, was that it was derived from the contemporary Armenian designation for Georgia, Virkʿ (Armenian: Վիրք, and Ivirkʿ [Իվիրք] and Iverkʿ [Իվերք]), which itself was connected to the word Sver (or Svir), the Kartvelian designation for Georgians. The letter "s" in this instance served as a prefix for the root word "Ver" (or "Vir"). Accordingly, in following Ivane Javakhishvili's theory, the ethnic designation of "Sber", a variant of Sver, was derived the word "Hber" ("Hver") (and thus Iberia) and the Armenian variants, Ver and Vir.
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Caucasus
The Caucasus, also Caucas or Caucasia (for endonyms, see below), is a geopolitical region at the border of Europe and Asia, and situated between the Black and the Caspian sea. It is home to the Caucasus Mountains, which contain Europe's highest mountain, Mt. Elbrus. Politically, the Caucasus region is separated between northern and southern parts.
The northern portion of the Caucasus is known as the Ciscaucasus and the southern portion as the Transcaucasus.
The Ciscaucasus contains the larger majority of the Greater Caucasus Mountain range, also known as the Major Caucasus mountains. It includes Southwestern Russia and northern parts of Georgia and Azerbaijan.
The Transcaucasus is bordered on the north by Russia, on the west by the Black Sea and Turkey, on the east by the Caspian Sea, and on the south by Iran. It includes the Caucasus Mountains and surrounding lowlands. All of Armenia, Azerbaijan (excluding the northern parts) and Georgia (excluding the northern parts) are in South Caucasus.
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France
France (Englishi/ˈfræns/ FRANSS or /ˈfrɑːns/ FRAHNSS; French: [fʁɑ̃s] (
listen)), officially the French Republic (French: République française [ʁepyblik fʁɑ̃sɛz]), is a unitary semi-presidential republic in Western Europe with several overseas territories and islands located on other continents and in the Indian, Pacific, and Atlantic oceans. Metropolitan France extends from the Mediterranean Sea to the English Channel and the North Sea, and from the Rhine to the Atlantic Ocean. It is often referred to as l’Hexagone ("The Hexagon") because of the geometric shape of its territory. It is the largest western European country and it possesses the second-largest exclusive economic zone in the world, covering 11,035,000 km2 (4,260,000 sq mi), just behind that of the United States (11,351,000 km2 / 4,383,000 sq mi).
Over the past 500 years, France has been a major power with strong cultural, economic, military and political influence in Europe and around the world. During the 17th and 18th centuries, France colonised great parts of North America and Southeast Asia; during the 19th and early 20th centuries, France built the second largest colonial empire of the time, including large portions of North, West and Central Africa, Southeast Asia, and many Caribbean and Pacific Islands.
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Kartli
Kartli (Georgian: ქართლი [kʰartʰli] ( listen)) is a historical region in central-to-eastern Georgia traversed by the river Mtkvari (Kura), on which Georgia's capital, Tbilisi, is situated. Known to the Classical authors as Iberia, Kartli played a crucial role in ethnic and political consolidation of the Georgians in the Middle Ages. Kartli had no strictly defined boundaries and they significantly fluctuated in the course of history. After the partition of the kingdom of Georgia in the 15th century, Kartli became a separate kingdom with its capital at Tbilisi. The historical lands of Kartli are currently divided among several administrative regions of Georgia.
The Georgians living in the historical lands of Kartli are known as Kartleli (sing., ქართლელი) and comprise one of the largest geographic subgroups of the Georgian people. Most of them are Eastern Orthodox Christians adhering to the national Georgian Orthodox Church and speak a dialect, which is the basis of the modern Georgian literary language.
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Kiev
Kiev or Kyiv (Ukrainian: Київ [ˈkɪjiw] ( listen); Russian: Киев) is the capital and the largest city of Ukraine, located in the north central part of the country on the Dnieper River. The population as of the 2001 census was 2,611,300. However, higher numbers have been cited in the press.
Kiev is an important industrial, scientific, educational and cultural centre of Eastern Europe. It is home to many high-tech industries, higher education institutions and world-famous historical landmarks. The city has an extensive infrastructure and highly developed system of public transport, including the Kiev Metro.
The name Kiev is said to derive from the name of Kyi, one of four legendary founders of the city (brothers Kyi, Shchek, Khoryv, and sister Lybid). During its history, Kiev, one of the oldest cities in Eastern Europe, passed through several stages of great prominence and relative obscurity. The city probably existed as a commercial centre as early as the 5th century. A Slavic settlement on the great trade route between Scandinavia and Constantinople, Kiev was a tributary of the Khazars, until seized by the Varangians (Vikings) in the mid-9th century. Under Varangians rule, the city became a capital of the Rus', the first East Slavic state. Completely destroyed during the Mongol invasion in 1240, the city lost most of its influence for the centuries to come. It was a provincial capital of marginal importance in the outskirts of the territories controlled by its powerful neighbours; first the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, followed by Poland and Russia.
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Kutaisi
Kutaisi (Georgian: ქუთაისი; ancient names: Aea/Aia, Kutatisi, Kutaïssi) is Georgia's second largest city and the capital of the western region of Imereti. It is 221 km to the west of Tbilisi.
Kutaisi is located along both banks of the Rioni River. The city lies at an elevation of 125–300 meters (410–984 feet) above sea level. To the east and north-east, Kutaisi is bounded by the Northern Imereti Foothills, to the north by the Samgurali Range, and to the west and the south by the Colchis Plain.
Kutaisi is surrounded by deciduous forests to the northeast and the northwest. The low-lying outskirts of the city have a largely agricultural landscape. Because of the many gardens in the city centre and the high leafy trees alongside the sidewalks of its streets and boulevards, Kutaisi is painted in bright green in the spring and in yellow-red in the autumn. In the springtime, when the snow starts to melt in the nearby mountains, the storming Rioni River in the middle of the city is heard far beyond its banks.
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Metekhi
Metekhi (Metechi; Georgian: მეტეხი) is a historic neighborhood of Tbilisi, Georgia, located on the elevated cliff that overlooks the Mtkvari river.
The district was one of the earliest inhabited areas on the city’s territory. According to traditional accounts, King Vakhtang I Gorgasali erected here a church and a fort which served also as a king’s residence; hence comes the name Metekhi which dates back to the 12th century and literally means “the area around the palace”. Tradition holds that it was also a site where the 5th-century martyr lady Saint Shushanik was buried. However, none of these structures have survived the Mongol invasion of 1235.
The extant Metekhi Church of Assumption, resting upon the top of the hill, was built by the Georgian king St Demetrius II circa 1278–1284 and is somewhat an unusual example of domed Georgian Orthodox church. It was later damaged and restored several times. King Rostom (r. 1633-1658) fortified the area around the church with a strong citadel garrisoned by some 3,000 soldiers. Under the Russian rule (established in 1801), the church lost its religious purpose and was used as a barracks (R. G. Suny, p. 93). The citadel was demolished in 1819 and replaced by a new building which functioned as the infamous jail down to the Soviet era, and was closed only in 1938.
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Mtskheta
Mtskheta (Georgian: მცხეთა), one of the oldest cities of the country of Georgia (in Kartli province of Eastern Georgia), is located approximately 20 kilometers north of Tbilisi at the confluence of the Aragvi and Kura rivers. The city (population 19,423 as of January 1, 2008) is now the administrative centre of the Mtskheta-Mtianeti region. Due to its historical significance and numerous ancient monuments, the "Historical Monuments of Mtskheta" became a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1994.
Remains of towns at this location have been dated to earlier than the year 1000 BC, and Mtskheta was capital of the early Georgian Kingdom of Iberia during the 3rd century BC – 5th century AD. It was a site of early Christian activity, and the location where Christianity was proclaimed the state religion of Kartli in 337. Mtskheta still remains the headquarters of the Georgian Orthodox Church.
King Dachi I Ujarmeli (beginning of the 6th century AD), who was the successor of Vakhtang I Gorgasali, moved the capital from Mtskheta to the more easily defensible Tbilisi according to the will left by his father. However, Mtskheta continued to serve as the coronation and burial place for most kings of Georgia until the end of the kingdom in the 19th century.
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Poti
Coordinates: 42°08′31″N 41°40′35″E / 42.14194°N 41.67639°E / 42.14194; 41.67639
Poti (Georgian: ფოთი; Mingrelian: ფუთი; Laz: ფაში/Fashi; formerly known to the Turks as Faş) is a port city in Georgia, located on the eastern Black Sea coast in the region of Samegrelo-Zemo Svaneti in the west of the country. Built near the site of the ancient Greek colony of Phasis and deriving its name from the same, the city has become a major port city and industrial center since the early 20th century. It is also home to a main naval base and the headquarters of the Georgian navy. The Poti port area is planned to become a free economic zone within the framework of a Georgian-United Arab Emirates project inaugurated in April 2008.
Poti is situated 312 kilometres (194 mi) west of Georgia’s capital, Tbilisi, in a marshy delta created by the major river of western Georgia, the Rioni, at its entrance into the Black Sea. The city lies at an altitude of two meters above sea level. A portion of Poti's environs recovered from the marshes now accommodate citrus plantation. The city is surrounded by the Kolkheti National Park. It is flanked by the small river Kaparchina to the south-east and Lake Paliastomi to the south-west. Some 5 kilometres (3 mi) to the south is the village Maltaqva, a local beach resort. The city's climate is humid subtropical with mild and warm winters and hot summers. The average annual temperature is 14.1 °C; 2 °C in January, and 22.9 °C in July. Rainfall is abundant and reaches 1,960 mm per annum.[citation needed]
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Russia
Russiai/ˈrʌʃə/ or /ˈrʊʃə/ (Russian: Россия, tr. Rossiya; IPA: [rɐˈsʲijə] ( listen)), also officially known as the Russian Federation (Russian: Российская Федерация, tr. Rossiyskaya Federatsiya; IPA: [rɐˈsʲijskəjə fʲɪdʲɪˈratsɨjə] ( listen)), is a country in northern Eurasia. It is a federal semi-presidential republic, comprising 83 federal subjects. From northwest to southeast, Russia shares borders with Norway, Finland, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania and Poland (both via Kaliningrad Oblast), Belarus, Ukraine, Georgia, Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan, China, Mongolia, and North Korea. It also has maritime borders with Japan by the Sea of Okhotsk, and the US state of Alaska by the Bering Strait. At 17,075,400 square kilometres (6,592,800 sq mi), Russia is the largest country in the world, covering more than one eighth of the Earth's inhabited land area. Russia is also the eighth most populous nation with 143 million people. It extends across the whole of northern Asia and 40% of Europe, spanning nine time zones and incorporating a wide range of environments and landforms. Russia has the world's largest reserves of mineral and energy resources and is the largest producer of oil and natural gas globally. Russia has the world's largest forest reserves and its lakes contain approximately one-quarter of the world's fresh water.
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Russian Empire
The Russian Empire (Pre-reform Russian orthography: Россійская Имперія, Modern Russian: Российская Империя, translit: Rossiyskaya Imperiya) was a state that existed from 1721 until the Russian Revolution of 1917. It was the successor to the Tsardom of Russia and the predecessor of the short-lived Russian Republic, which was succeeded by the Soviet Union. It was one of the largest empires in world history, surpassed in landmass only by the British and Mongol empires: at one point in 1866, it stretched from eastern Europe across Asia and into North America.
At the beginning of the 19th century, the Russian Empire extended from the Arctic Ocean in the north to the Black Sea on the south, from the Baltic Sea on the west to the Pacific Ocean and into North America on the east. With 125.6 million subjects registered by the 1897 census, it had the third largest population of the world at the time, after Qing China and the British Empire. Like all empires, it represented a large disparity in economic, ethnic and religious positions. Its government, ruled by the Emperor, was the last absolute monarchy in Europe at the time of its demise.
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Rustaveli Avenue
Rustaveli Avenue - (formerly known as Golovin Street) is an avenue in central Tbilisi named after the medieval Georgian poet, Shota Rustaveli. The Avenue starts at Freedom Square and extends for about 1.5 km in length, before it turns into an extension of Kostavas Kucha (Kostava Street). Rustaveli is often considered as the main thoroughfare of Tbilisi due to a large number of governmental, public, cultural, and business buildings that are located along or near the Avenue. The Parliament of Georgia, Kashveti Church, the Simon Janashia Museum of Georgia (part of the Georgian National Museum), the Tbilisi Opera and Ballet Theatre, the Rustaveli State Academic Theater, the Rustaveli Museum, and the Georgian Academy of Sciences, among others, are all located on Rustaveli. The thoroughfare is served by the Tbilisi Metro and buses.
In 1989, tens of thousands of Georgians gathered before the House of Government on Rustaveli Avenue. An attack by the Soviet spetsnaz forces killed many protesters in the April 9 tragedy.
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Tabriz
Tabriz (Persian/Azerbaijani:تبریز) (
pronunciation (help·info)) is the fifth largest city and one of the historical capitals of Iran and the capital of East Azerbaijan Province. Situated at an altitude of 1,350 meters at the junction of the Quru River and Aji River, it was the second largest city in Iran until the late 1960s, one of its former capitals, and residence of the crown prince under the Qajar dynasty. The city has proven extremely influential in the country’s recent history. Tabriz is located in a valley to the north of the long ridge of the volcanic cone of Sahand, south of the Eynali mountain. The valley opens out into a plain that slopes gently down to the northern end of Lake Urmia, 60 km to the west. With cold winters and temperate summers the city is considered a summer resort.
The estimated population of the city is around 1,400,000 based on results of the Iranian census bureau. Tabriz is the fourth most populous city in Iran after Tehran, Mashhad, and Esfahan, and is also a major Iranian heavy industrial and manufacturing center. Some of these industries include automobile, machine tools, oil and petrochemical and cement production.
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Tbilisi
Tbilisi (Georgian: თბილისი [tʰb̥ilisi] ( listen)) is the capital and the largest city of Georgia, lying on the banks of the Kura River. The name is derived from an early Georgian form T'pilisi (ტფილისი) and it was officially known as Tpilisi (in Georgian) or Tiflis (in Russian) until 1936. The city covers an area of 726 km2 (280 sq mi) and has 1,480,000 inhabitants.
Founded in the 5th century by Vakhtang Gorgasali, the monarch of Georgia's precursor Kingdom of Iberia, Tbilisi has served, with various intervals, as Georgia's capital for nearly 1500 years and represents a significant industrial, social, and cultural center of the country. Located near the southeastern edge of Europe, Tbilisi's proximity to lucrative east-west trade routes often made the city a point of contention between various rival empires throughout history and the city's location to this day ensures its position as an important transit route for global energy and trade projects. Tbilisi's varied history is reflected in its architecture, which is a mix of medieval, classical, and Soviet structures.
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United Kingdom
The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (commonly known as the United Kingdom, the UK, or Britain) is a sovereign state located off the north-western coast of continental Europe. The country includes the island of Great Britain, the north-eastern part of the island of Ireland and many smaller islands. Northern Ireland is the only part of the UK that shares a land border with another sovereign state—the Republic of Ireland. Apart from this land border the UK is surrounded by the Atlantic Ocean, the North Sea, the English Channel and the Irish Sea.
The United Kingdom is a unitary state governed under a constitutional monarchy and a parliamentary system, with its seat of government in the capital city of London. It is a country in its own right and consists of four countries: England, Northern Ireland, Scotland and Wales. There are three devolved administrations, each with varying powers, based in Belfast, Edinburgh and Cardiff, the capitals of Northern Ireland, Scotland, and Wales. Associated with the UK, but not constitutionally part of it, are three Crown Dependencies. The United Kingdom has fourteen overseas territories. These are remnants of the British Empire which, at its height in 1922, encompassed almost a quarter of the world's land surface and was the largest empire in history. British influence can still be observed in the language, culture and legal systems of many of its former territories.
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Yerevan
Coordinates: 40°11′00″N 44°31′00″E / 40.183333°N 44.516667°E / 40.183333; 44.516667
Yerevan (Armenian: Երևան, Armenian pronunciation: [jɛɾɛˈvɑn]) is the capital and largest city of Armenia and one of the world's oldest continuously-inhabited cities. Situated along the Hrazdan River, Yerevan is the administrative, cultural, and industrial center of the country. It has been the capital since 1918, the thirteenth in the history of Armenia.
The history of Yerevan dates back to the 8th century BC, with the founding of the fortress of Erebuni in 782 BC by king Argishti I at the western extreme of the Ararat plain. After World War I, Yerevan became the capital of the Democratic Republic of Armenia as thousands of survivors of the Armenian Genocide settled in the area. The city expanded rapidly during the 20th century as Armenia became one of the fifteen republics in the Soviet Union. In fifty years, Yerevan was transformed from a town of a few thousand residents within the Russian Empire, to Armenia's principal cultural, artistic, and industrial center, as well as becoming the seat of national government.
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Akaki Tsereteli
Prince Akaki Tsereteli (Georgian: აკაკი წერეთელი; June 9, 1840-January 26, 1915) was a prominent Georgian poet and national liberation movement figure.
He was born in the village of Skhvitori (Imereti region of western Georgia) on June 9, 1840 to a prominent Georgian aristocratic family. His father was Prince Rostom Tsereteli. Following the old tradition Ak'ak'i Tsereteli spent his childhood years in the village of Savane in a peasant’s family and was brought up by a peasant nanny, all of which made him feel empathy for the peasants’ life in Georgia.
He graduated from the Kutaisi Gymnasium in 1852 and the University of Saint Petersburg Faculty of Oriental Languages in 1863.
Prince Akaki Tsereteli was a close friend of Prince Ilia Chavchavadze , a Georgian progressive intellectual youth leader. The young adult generation of Georgians during the 1860s, led by Ch'avch'avdze and Tsereteli, protested against the Tsarist regime and campaigned for cultural revival and self-determination of the Georgians.
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Alexander Pushkin
Alexander Sergeyevich Pushkin (Russian: Алекса́ндр Серге́евич Пу́шкин, tr. Aleksandr Sergeyevich Pushkin; IPA: [ɐlʲɪˈksandr sʲɪˈrɡʲejɪvʲɪtɕ ˈpuʂkʲɪn] ( listen); 6 June [O.S. 26 May] 1799 – 10 February [O.S. 29 January] 1837) was a Russian author of the Romantic era who is considered by many to be the greatest Russian poet and the founder of modern Russian literature.
Born into the Russian nobility in Moscow, Pushkin published his first poem at the age of fifteen, and was widely recognized by the literary establishment by the time of his graduation from the Imperial Lyceum in Tsarskoye Selo.
While under the strict surveillance of the Tsar's political police and unable to publish, Pushkin wrote his most famous play, the drama Boris Godunov. His novel in verse, Eugene Onegin, was serialized between 1825 and 1832.
Notoriously touchy about his honour, Pushkin fought a total of twenty-nine duels, and was fatally wounded in such an encounter with Georges-Charles de Heeckeren d'Anthès. D'Anthès, a French officer serving with the Chevalier Guard Regiment, had been attempting to seduce the poet's wife, Natalya Pushkina. Pushkin's early death at the age of 37 is still regarded as a catastrophe for Russian literature.
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Alp Arslan
Alp Arslan (Persian: آلپ ارسلان ālp arslān; Arabic: الب ارسلان alb arslān or آلب آرسلان ālb ārslān; 1029 – 15 December 1072) was the third sultan of the Seljuq dynasty and great-grandson of Seljuk, the eponymous founder of the dynasty. His real name was Muhammad bin Da'ud Chaghri, and for his military prowess, personal valour, and fighting skills he obtained the surname آلپ ارسلان Alp Arslan, which means "Heroic Lion" in Turkic.
He succeeded his father Çağrı Bey as governor of Khorasan in 1059. When his uncle Tughril died he was succeeded by Suleiman, Alp Arslan's brother. Alp Arslan and his uncle Kutalmish both contested this succession. Alp Arslan defeated Kutalmish for the throne and succeeded on 27 April 1064 as sultan of Great Seljuq, and thus became sole monarch of Persia from the river Oxus to the Tigris.
In consolidating his empire and subduing contending factions he was ably assisted by Nizam ul-Mulk, his vizier, and one of the most eminent statesmen in early Muslim history. With peace and security established in his dominions, he convoked an assembly of the states and declared his son Malik Shah I his heir and successor. With the hope of capturing Caesarea Mazaca, the capital of Cappadocia, he placed himself at the head of the Turkish cavalry, crossed the Euphrates and entered and invaded the city. He then marched into Armenia and Georgia, which he conquered in 1064.
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Colchis
In ancient geography, Colchis or Kolkhis (Georgian and Laz: კოლხეთი, ḳolkheti or "ḳolkha"; Ancient Greek: Κολχίς, Kolkhís) was an ancient Georgianstatekingdom and region in Western Georgia, which played an important role in the ethnic and cultural formation of the Georgian nation.
The Kingdom of Colchis contributed significantly to the development of medieval Georgian statehood after its unification with the eastern Georgian Kingdom of Iberia. The term Colchians is used as the collective term for early Georgian tribes which populated the eastern coast of the Black Sea.
In Greek mythology, Colchis was the home of Aeëtes and Medea and the destination of the Argonauts; Colchis is also thought to be the possible homeland of the Amazons. Its geography is mostly assigned to what is now the western part of Georgia and encompasses the present-day Georgian provinces of Samegrelo, Imereti, Guria, Adjara, Abkhazeti, Svaneti, Racha; the modern Turkey’s Rize, Trabzon and Artvin provinces (Lazistan, Tao-Klarjeti); and the modern Russia’s Sochi and Tuapse districts. The Colchians were probably established on the Black Sea coast by the Middle Bronze Age.
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David Marshall Lang
David Marshall Lang (6 May 1924 – 20 March 1991), was a Professor of Caucasian Studies, School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London. He was one of the most productive British scholars who specialized in Georgian, Armenian and ancient Bulgarian history.
David M. Lang was educated at Monkton Combe and St John’s College, Cambridge where he was a Major Scholar and later held a Fellowship. In his military career he was an officer in Iran during the Second World War. He was appointed in 1944 as acting Vice-Consul in Tabriz, Iran, where he acquainted himself with the city's Armenian population. In 1949 he was the member of staff for the School of Oriental and African Studies at University of London. He began as Lecturer in Georgian language, then as Reader and in 1964 he became Professor of Caucasian Studies. In 1953 he held a Senior Fellowship at the Russian Institute of Columbia University and in 1965 he was a visiting Professor in Caucasian Studies at the University of California, Los Angeles. Between 1962 and 1964 he was Honorary Secretary of the Royal Asiatic Society of London. He visited the Soviet republic of Armenia three times during the 1960s and 1970s.
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David X of Kartli
David X (Georgian: დავით X) (1482–1526) was a king of the Georgian kingdom of Kartli from 1505 to 1525.
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Erekle II
Heraclius II (Georgian: ერეკლე II, Erekle) (November 7, 1720, or October 7, 1721 [according to C. Toumanoff] — January 11, 1798) was a Georgian monarch of the Bagrationi Dynasty, reigning as the king of Kakheti from 1744 to 1762, and of Kartli and Kakheti from 1762 until 1798. In the contemporary Persian sources he is referred to as Erekli Khan, while Russians knew him as Irakli (Irakly). His name is frequently transliterated in a Latinized form Heraclius because both names Erekle and Irakli are Georgian versions of this Greek name.
The penultimate king of the united kingdoms of Kakheti and Kartli in eastern Georgia, his reign is regarded as the swan-song of the Georgian monarchy. Aided by his personal abilities and the unrest in the Persian Empire, Heraclius established himself as a de facto independent ruler and attempted to modernize the government, economics, and military. Overwhelmed by the internal and external menaces to Georgia’s precarious independence and its temporary hegemony in eastern Transcaucasia, he placed his kingdom under the formal Russian protection in 1783, but the move did not prevent Georgia from being devastated by the Persian invasion in 1795. Heraclius died in 1798, leaving the throne to his moribund heir, George XII.
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Georgian Civil War
The Georgian Civil War comprised inter-ethnic and intranational conflicts in the regions of South Ossetia (1988–1992) and Abkhazia (1992–1993), as well as the violent military coup d'etat of December 21, 1991 - January 6, 1992, against the first democratically elected President of Georgia, Zviad Gamsakhurdia and his subsequent uprising in an attempt to regain power (1993).
While the Gamsakhurdia rebellion was eventually defeated, the South Ossetia and Abkhazia conflicts resulted in the de facto secession of both regions from Georgia. As a result, both conflicts have lingered on, with occasional flare-ups.
Ethnic minority separatist movements – primarily on the part of the Ossetians and the Abkhaz, demanded fuller recognition in the new order of the early 1990s. Asserting its newly gained national prerogatives, Georgia responded with military attempts to restrain separatism forcibly. On January 5, 1991 Georgia's National Guard entered Tskhinvali, South Ossetian capital and fighting broke out in and around the city. The Georgian-Ossetian Conflict was the first major crisis faced by Gamsakhurdia's government.
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Georgian people
The Georgians (Georgian: ქართველები, kartvelebi) are Caucasian ethnic group that have originated in Georgia, where they constitute a majority of the population. Large Georgian communities are also present throughout Russia, European Union, United States, and South America.
The majority of Georgians are Eastern Orthodox Christian and largely adhere to the national autocephalous Georgian Orthodox Church, which originated in the 4th century. There are also Georgian Catholic and Muslim communities in Tbilisi and Adjara.
The Georgian people went through a complex process of nation-formation and currently comprise a diverse set of geographic subgroups, each with its characteristic traditions, manners, dialect and, in the case of Mingrelians and Svans, language. The Georgian language, with its own alphabet and long written tradition going back to the 5th century, is the language of literacy and education of all Georgians living in Georgia as well as the official language of the country. Georgian, Mingrelian and Svan, together with Laz spoken by the related Laz people form the Kartvelian language family.
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Iakob Gogebashvili
Iakob Gogebashvili (Georgian: იაკობ გოგებაშვილი) (October 15, 1840 – June 1, 1912) was a Georgian educator, children’s writer and journalist, considered to be the founder of the scientific pedagogy in Georgia. Through his masterly compiled children's primer, Mother Tongue (დედა ენა), which in a modified form serves to this day as a manual in Georgian schools, every Georgian since 1880 has learnt to read and write in their native language.
Iakob Gogebashvili was born in the village Variani near Gori, Georgia (then part of Imperial Russia) to a poor family of a priest Simon Gogebashvili. He studied at the seminaries of Gori and Tiflis before enrolling into the theological academy in Kiev in 1861. Simultaneously, he attended the lectures in natural sciences at the Kiev University where he became familiar with the political ideas of Russian enlighteners such as Herzen, Belinsky and Chernyshevsky. Yet, unlike many of his contemporary Georgian intellectuals, he was affected less by the Russian radicals than by a Christian background in the seminaries of Gori and Tiflis. Returning to Georgia in 1863, he taught arithmetic and geography at the Tiflis Seminary and later became its inspector. Gogebashvili’s apartment, frequented by the seminarian students, soon became a haven for forbidden discussions of art and politics. Consequently, he was dismissed on the orders from the Holy Synod in St. Petersburg in 1874.
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Ilia Chavchavadze
Ilia Chavchavadze (Georgian: ილია ჭავჭავაძე; 8 November 1837 – 12 September 1907) was a Georgian writer, poet, journalist and lawyer who spearheaded the revival of the Georgian national movement in the second half of the 19th century, during the Russian rule of Georgia. Today he is widely regarded as one of the founding fathers of modern Georgia. In 1987 he was canonized as Saint Ilia the Righteous (წმინდა ილია მართალი) by the Georgian Orthodox Church. Today, Georgians revere Chavchavadze as Pater Patriae (Father of the Fatherland) of Georgia.
Inspired by the contemporary liberal movements in Europe, as a writer and a public figure, Ilia Chavchavadze directed much of his efforts toward awakening national ideals in Georgians and to the creation of a stable society in his homeland.
His most important literary works were: The Hermit, The Ghost, Otaraant Widow, Kako The Robber and Is a man a human?!. He was editor-in-chief of the Georgian periodicals Sakartvelos Moambe (1863–1877) and Iveria (1877–1905), and authored numerous articles for journals. Most of his work dealt with Georgia and Georgians. He was a devoted protector of the Georgian language and culture from Russification.
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Jahan Shah
Muzaffar al-Din Jahan Shah ibn Yusuf (died 1467) (Persian: جهان شاه) was the leader of the Kara Koyunlu Turkmen tribal federation in Azerbaijan and Arran who reigned c.1438-1467. During his reign he managed to expand the Kara Koyunlu’s territory to its largest extent, including Western Anatolia, most of present day Iraq, central Iran, and even eventually Kerman. He also subjugated neighbouring states. He was one of the greatest rulers of the Kara Koyunlu. He was also allegedly fond of drinking and entertainment. During his reign Jahan Shah had the Gökmedrese and Muzafferiye theological schools constructed in his capital city Tabriz.
Around 1420 Jahan Shah married the daughter of Alexios IV of Trebizond and Theodora Kantakouzene, part of the agreement being that Alexius would continue paying to the Kara Koyunlu the tribute that Trebizond had formerly paid to Timur. During the reign of his brother Qara Iskander (1420-36), as a potential rival to the throne, Jahan Shah’s life was not safe and he took refuge with his other brother Ispend who was ruling Baghdad. In 1436 he obtained the help of the Timurid ruler Shah Rukh to defeat Qara Iskander and seize the throne for himself. Having been helped to power by Shah Rukh he ruled at first as a vassal of the Timurids.
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Jean Chardin
Jean Chardin (16 November 1643 – 5 January 1713), born Jean-Baptiste Chardin, and also known as Sir John Chardin, was a French jeweller and traveller whose ten-volume book The Travels of Sir John Chardin is regarded as one of the finest works of early Western scholarship on Persia and the Near East.
Chardin was born in 1643 into a Protestant family. His father, a wealthy jeweller, gave him a good education and trained him in the jewellery trade. But instead of settling down in the family profession, the young Chardin set out with a Lyon merchant named Antoine Raisin in 1664 for Persia and India, partly on business and partly to gratify his own wanderlust. After a successful journey, during which he had received the patronage of the Safavid monarch Shah Abbas II, who died in 1666 and his son Safi Mirza succeeded him first as Shah Safi II then as Shah Suleiman I. Chardin returned to France in 1670. The following year, he published an account of Le Couronnement de Soleïmaan (English translation: The Coronation of Shah Soleiman).
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Leo Tolstoy
Lev Nikolayevich Tolstoy (Russian: Лев Никола́евич Толсто́й, pronounced [lʲev nʲɪkɐˈlaɪvʲɪtɕ tɐlˈstoj] (
listen); known in the Anglosphere as Leo Tolstoy) (September 9, 1828 – November 20, 1910) was a Russian writer who primarily wrote novels and short stories. Later in life, he also wrote plays and essays. His two most famous works, the novels War and Peace and Anna Karenina, are acknowledged as two of the greatest novels of all time and a pinnacle of realist fiction. Many consider Tolstoy to have been one of the world's greatest novelists. Tolstoy is equally known for his complicated and paradoxical persona and for his extreme moralistic and ascetic views, which he adopted after a moral crisis and spiritual awakening in the 1870s, after which he also became noted as a moral thinker and social reformer.
His literal interpretation of the ethical teachings of Jesus, centering on the Sermon on the Mount, caused him in later life to become a fervent Christian anarchist and anarcho-pacifist. His ideas on nonviolent resistance, expressed in such works as The Kingdom of God Is Within You, were to have a profound impact on such pivotal twentieth-century figures as Mohandas Gandhi and Martin Luther King, Jr.
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Marwan II
Marwan ibn Muhammad ibn Marwan or Marwan II (688-750) (Arabic: مروان بن محمد بن مروان بن الحكم / ALA-LC: Marwān bin Muḥammad bin Marwān bin al-Ḥakam) was an Umayyad caliph who ruled from 744 until 750 when he was killed. He was the last Umayyad ruler to rule from Damascus.
In A.H. 114 (732-733) Caliph Hisham appointed Marwan governor of Armenia and Azerbaijan. In A.H. 117 (735-736) Marwan invaded Georgia, devastated it and then took three fortresses of the Alans and made peace with Tumanshah. In A.H. 121 he launched further raids and obtained tribute. In A.H. 126 on hearing news of the plotting to overthrow al-Walid II Marwan wrote to his relatives from Armenia strongly discouraging such an act. He urged them to harmoniously preserve the stability and well being of the Umayyad house.
When Yazid III persisted in overthrowing al-Walid II, Marwan at first opposed him, then rendered allegiance to him. On Yazid's early death, Marwan renewed his ambitions, ignored Yazid's named successor Ibrahim and became caliph. Ibrahim initially hid, then requested Marwan give him assurances of personal safety. This Marwan granted and Ibrahim even accompanied the new caliph to Hisham's residence of Rusafah.
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Mikhail Lermontov
Mikhail Yuryevich Lermontov (Russian: Михаи́л Ю́рьевич Ле́рмонтов; IPA: [mʲɪxɐˈil ˈjurʲjɪvʲɪtɕ ˈlʲɛrməntəf]; October 15 [O.S. October 3] 1814 – July 27 [O.S. July 15] 1841), a Russian Romantic writer, poet and painter, sometimes called "the poet of the Caucasus", became the most important Russian poet after Alexander Pushkin's death in 1837. Lermontov is considered the supreme poet of Russian literature alongside Pushkin and the greatest figure in Russian Romanticism. His influence on later Russian literature is still felt in modern times, not only through his poetry, but also through his prose, which founded the tradition of the Russian psychological novel.
Lermontov was born in Moscow into a respectable noble family of the Tula Oblast, and grew up on the Tarkhany estate in the village of Tarkhany (now Lermontovo) in Penza Oblast. According to legend, his paternal family is descended from the Scottish Earls of Learmont, one of whom settled in Russia in the early 17th century, during the reign of Mikhail Fedorovich Romanov. The legendary Scottish poet Thomas the Rhymer (Thomas Learmonth) is thus claimed as a relative of Lermontov. The only ascertainable genealogical information states that the poet was descended from Yuri (George) Learmont, a Scottish officer in the Polish service who settled in Russia in the middle of 17th century
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Mongols
Mongols (Mongolian: Монголчууд (help·info)), Mongolchuud) are a Central-East Asian ethnic group that lives mainly in the countries of Mongolia, China, and Russia. Owing to wars and migrations, Mongols are also found in some Central Asian states such as Kazakhstan. In China, ethnic Mongols can be found mainly in the central north region of China such as Inner Mongolia (a smaller number of Mongols can also be found in Xinjiang in northwest China). The Buryat branch of the Mongol ethnic group can be found in the autonomous republic of Buryatia, Russia. Ethnic Mongols are bound together by a common language and culture. They speak languages belonging to the Mongolic languages. The contiguous territories inhabited by ethnic Mongols is also known as Greater Mongolia[disambiguation needed 
]. There are approximately 10 million ethnic Mongols in total.
A definition includes the Mongols proper, who can be approximately divided into the eastern Mongols (the Khalkha Mongols, the Inner Mongolians, the Buryats), and the Oirats. In a wider sense, the Mongol people includes all people who speak a Mongolic language, such as the Kalmyks of eastern Europe.
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Nikita Khrushchev
Nikita Sergeyevich Khrushchev (April 15 [O.S. April 3] 1894, – September 11, 1971) led the Soviet Union during part of the Cold War. He served as First Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union from 1953 to 1964, and as Chairman of the Council of Ministers, or Premier, from 1958 to 1964. Khrushchev was responsible for the partial de-Stalinization of the Soviet Union, for backing the progress of the early Soviet space program, and for several relatively liberal reforms in areas of domestic policy. Khrushchev's party colleagues removed him from power in 1964, replacing him with Leonid Brezhnev as First Secretary and Alexei Kosygin as Premier.
Khrushchev was born in the Russian village of Kalinovka in 1894, close to the present-day border between Russia and Ukraine. He was employed as a metalworker in his youth, and during the Russian Civil War was a political commissar. With the help of Lazar Kaganovich, he worked his way up the Soviet hierarchy. He supported Joseph Stalin's purges, and approved thousands of arrests. In 1939, Stalin sent him to govern Ukraine, and he continued the purges there. During what was known in the Soviet Union as the Great Patriotic War (Eastern Front of World War II), Khrushchev was again a commissar, serving as an intermediary between Stalin and his generals. Khrushchev was present at the bloody defense of Stalingrad, a fact he took great pride in throughout his life. After the war, he returned to Ukraine before being recalled to Moscow as one of Stalin's close advisers.
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Persian people
The Persian people are part of the Iranian peoples who speak the modern Persian language and closely akin Iranian dialects and languages. The origin of the ethnic Iranian/Persian peoples are traced to the Ancient Iranian peoples, who were part of the ancient Indo-Iranians. The synonymous usage of Iranian and Persian has persisted over the centuries although some modern Western sources use Iranic/Iranian as a wider term that includes the term Persian as well as related Iranian languages and ethnic groups. However, these terms have been used both synonymously as well as in a complementary fashion since ancient times; as the Ancient Iranian peoples such as the Old Persians, Medes, Bactrians, Parthians and Avesta peoples considered themselves to be part of the greater Iranian ethnic stock.
The term Persian translates to "from or of Persis" which is a region north of the Persian Gulf located in Pars, Iran. It was from this region that Cyrus the Great, the founder of the Achaemenid empire, united all other Iranian empires (such as the Medes and the Elamites), and expanded the Persian cultural and social influences by incorporating the Babylonian empire, and the Lydian empire. Although not the first Iranian empire, the Achaemenid empire is the first Persian empire well recognized by Greek and Persian historians for its massive cultural, military and social influences going as far as Athens, Egypt, and Libya.
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Shota Rustaveli
Shota Rustaveli (Georgian: შოთა რუსთაველი) (1172–1216) was a Georgian poet of the 12th century, and one of the greatest contributors to Georgian literature. He is author of "The Knight in the Panther's Skin" (ვეფხისტყაოსანი, Vepkhistkaosani), the Georgian national epic poem.
Little, if anything, is known about Rustaveli from contemporary sources. His poem itself, namely the prologue, provides a clue to his identity: the poet identifies himself as "a certain Rustveli." "Rustveli" is not a surname, but a territorial epithet which can be interpreted as "of/from/holder of Rustavi." Later Georgian authors of the 15th-18th centuries are more informative: they are almost unanimous in identifying him as Shota Rustaveli, a name which is preserved on a fresco and a document from the formerly Georgian Monastery of the Holy Cross at Jerusalem. The fresco was described by the Georgian pilgrim Timote Gabashvili in 1757/58, and rediscovered by a team of Georgian scholars in 1960. The same Jerusalem document speaks of Shota as a sponsor of the monastery and a "high treasurer," thus echoing a popular legend that Rustaveli was a minister at Queen Tamar’s court and retired to the monastery at an advanced age. Both a folk tradition and the 17th century royal poet Archil identify Rustaveli as a native of the southern Georgian region of Meskheti, where his home village Rustavi was located (not to be confused with the modern-day city of Rustavi near Tbilisi). He is assumed to have been born between 1160 and 1165. A legend states that Rustaveli was educated at the medieval Georgian academies of Gelati and Ikalto, and then in "Greece" (i.e., the Byzantine Empire). He must have produced his major work no earlier than the 1180s and no later than the first decade of the 13th century, most probably c. 1205-1207.
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Turkic peoples
The Turkic peoples are a collection of ethnic groups that live in northern, central and western Asia, northwestern China and parts of eastern Europe. They speak languages belonging to the Turkic language family. They share, to varying degrees, certain cultural traits and historical backgrounds. The term Turkic represents a broad ethno-linguistic group of people including existing societies such as the Turkish, Azerbaijani, Chuvashes, Kazakhs, Tatars, Kyrgyzs, Turkmens, Uyghurs, Uzbeks, Bashkirs, Qashqai, Gagauzs, Yakuts, Crimean Karaites, Krymchaks, Karakalpaks, Karachays, Nogais and as well as past civilizations such as the Göktürks, Kumans, Kipchaks, Avars, Bulgars, Turgeshes, Khazars, Seljuk Turks, Ottoman Turks, Mamluks, Timurids and possibly Huns and the Xiongnu.
The distribution of people of Turkic cultural background ranges from Siberia, across Central Asia, to Eastern Europe. As of 2011[update] the largest groups of Turkic people live throughout Central Asia—Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan, and Azerbaijan, in addition to Turkey and Iran. Additionally, Turkic people are found within Crimea, East Turkistan region of western China, northern Iraq, Pakistan, Israel, Russia, Afghanistan, and the Balkans: Moldova, Bulgaria, Romania, and former Yugoslavia. A small number of Turkic people also live in Vilnius, the capital of Lithuania. Small numbers inhabit eastern Poland and the south-eastern part of Finland. There are also considerable populations of Turkic people (originating mostly from Turkey) in Germany, United States, and Australia, largely because of migrations during the 20th century.
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Uzun Hassan
Uzun Hasan or Hassan (1423 – January 6, 1478) (Azerbaijani: اوزون حسن , Uzun Həsən; Turkish: Uzun Hasan, where uzun means "tall"; Persian: اوزون حسن), Sultan of the Aq Qoyunlu dynasty, or White Sheep Turkmen. Hassan ruled in parts of present-day western Iran, Iraq, Turkey, Azerbaijan and Armenia between 1453 and 1478.
Timur appointed his great-grandfather, Kara Yülük Osman, as a governor of Diyarbakır (in modern-day Turkey), with the cities of Erzincan, Mardin, Roha (or Urfa), and Sivas. Uzun Hasan defeated Jahan Shah, prince of the Kara Koyunlu or Black Sheep Turkmen in 1467. Upon the defeat of Jahan Shah, Timurid ruler Abu Sa'id Mirza answered Jahan Shah's son's request for aid, taking much of Jahan Shah's former land and going to war with Uzun Hasan despite the latter's offers of peace. Uzun Hasan then ambushed and captured Abu Sa'id at the battle of Qarabagh, whereupon he executed him.
In 1463, the Venetian Senate, seeking allies in its war against the Ottomans, sent Lazzaro Querini as its first ambassador to Tabriz, but he was unable to persuade Uzun Hassan to attack the Ottomans. Hassan sent his own envoys to Venice in return. In 1471, Querini returned to Venice with Hazzan’s ambassador Murad. The Venetian Senate voted to send another to Persia, choosing Caterino Zeno after two other men declined. Zeno, whose wife was the niece of Uzun Hassan’s wife, was able to persuade Hassan to attack the Turks. Hassan was successful at first, but there were no simultaneous attack by any of the western powers.
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Zviad Gamsakhurdia
Zviad Gamsakhurdia (Georgian: ზვიად გამსახურდია, (March 31, 1939 — December 31, 1993) was a dissident, scientist and writer, who became the first democratically elected President of the Republic of Georgia in the post-Soviet era. Gamsakhurdia is the only Georgian President to have died whilst formally in office.
Zviad Gamsakhurdia was born in the Georgian capital Tbilisi in 1939, in a distinguished Georgian family; his father, Academician Konstantine Gamsakhurdia (1893–1975), was one of the most famous Georgian writers of the 20th century. Perhaps influenced by his father, Zviad received training in philology and began a professional career as a translator and literary critic.
Despite (or perhaps because of) the country's association with Joseph Stalin, Soviet rule in Georgia was particularly harsh during the 1950s and sought to restrict Georgian cultural expression. In 1955, Zviad Gamsakhurdia established a youth underground group which he called the Gorgasliani (a reference to the ancient line of Georgian kings) which sought to circulate reports of human rights abuses. In 1956, he was arrested during demonstrations in Tbilisi against the Soviet policy of de-stalinization and was arrested again in 1958 for distributing anti-communist literature and proclamations. He was confined for six months to a mental hospital in Tbilisi where he was diagnosed as suffering from "psychopathy with decompensation", thus perhaps becoming an early victim of what became a widespread policy of using psychiatry for political purposes.
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TV brawl: Georgia MPs come to blows in heated debate on live TV in Tbilisi
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 1:31
- Updated: 28 Feb 2013
TV brawl: A live debate between Georgia MPs Koba Davitashvili and Sergo Ratiani on the TV channel Maestro ended up exploding into violence in Tbilisi. Report by Ashley Fudge. Like us on Facebook at www.facebook.com and follow us on Twitter at twitter.com . Subscribe to ITN News! www.youtube.com Visit our homepage at www.itn.co.uk
http://wn.com/TV_brawl_Georgia_MPs_come_to_blows_in_heated_debate_on_live_TV_in_Tbilisi
TV brawl: A live debate between Georgia MPs Koba Davitashvili and Sergo Ratiani on the TV channel Maestro ended up exploding into violence in Tbilisi. Report by Ashley Fudge. Like us on Facebook at www.facebook.com and follow us on Twitter at twitter.com . Subscribe to ITN News! www.youtube.com Visit our homepage at www.itn.co.uk
Tbilisi My City Official Trailer (2013) - Ron Perlman
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 2:00
- Updated: 04 Feb 2013
Click to subscribe: bit.ly Here you'll find Movie Reviews, Movie Trailers, Celebrity Interviews, Movie and Entertainment News and much more! Tbilisi My City Official Trailer (2013) - Ron Perlman: Tbilisi My City trailer has arrived. Created by David Agiashvili, Tbilisi My City is a feature...
http://wn.com/Tbilisi_My_City_Official_Trailer_2013_Ron_Perlman
Click to subscribe: bit.ly Here you'll find Movie Reviews, Movie Trailers, Celebrity Interviews, Movie and Entertainment News and much more! Tbilisi My City Official Trailer (2013) - Ron Perlman: Tbilisi My City trailer has arrived. Created by David Agiashvili, Tbilisi My City is a feature...
- published: 31 Aug 2012
- views: 1944
- author: FilmIsNowEU
Flashmob in Tbilisi PSH
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 2:55
- Updated: 26 Feb 2013
Flashmob in Tbilisi PSH
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Tbilisi Hangout 009
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 54:09
- Updated: 06 Feb 2013
Georgia in CIS? Marshutkas on strike in Tbilisi, Georgia's foreign policy in coming years, and more
http://wn.com/Tbilisi_Hangout_009
Georgia in CIS? Marshutkas on strike in Tbilisi, Georgia's foreign policy in coming years, and more
- published: 30 Jan 2013
- author: Mirian Jugheli
Tbilisi Hangout 008
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 57:08
- Updated: 24 Jan 2013
Misha in Strasbourg Bidzina in Davos Ilia in Moscow, Alasania "demoted," Georgia back in CIS? Ministry of Culture spending 12 million GEL on concerts, operas, promo videos, Presidential election system in Georgia, etc.
http://wn.com/Tbilisi_Hangout_008
Misha in Strasbourg Bidzina in Davos Ilia in Moscow, Alasania "demoted," Georgia back in CIS? Ministry of Culture spending 12 million GEL on concerts, operas, promo videos, Presidential election system in Georgia, etc.
- published: 23 Jan 2013
- author: Mirian Jugheli
Tbilisi Hangout 002
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 61:24
- Updated: 07 Dec 2012
In the second hangout we talk about Arrests, Palestine, Merabishvili's 'fake' passport, Guns discovered in Tbilisi, etc. 00:05 Intro 01:35 Mirian got stuck in a terrible traffic 03:40 Post-election stance of the Georgian business 12:40 Georgia recognizes Palestine: raises alarms in Tbilisi on Abkhazia & South Ossetia 21:24 Ministry of Defense found large quantity of unregistered weaponry 33:30 Amnesty 39:55 Georgian Dream under pressure 51:00 Georgia in TI's Corruption Perception Index 57:00 Vano Merabishvili's 'fake' passport
http://wn.com/Tbilisi_Hangout_002
In the second hangout we talk about Arrests, Palestine, Merabishvili's 'fake' passport, Guns discovered in Tbilisi, etc. 00:05 Intro 01:35 Mirian got stuck in a terrible traffic 03:40 Post-election stance of the Georgian business 12:40 Georgia recognizes Palestine: raises alarms in Tbilisi on Abkhazia & South Ossetia 21:24 Ministry of Defense found large quantity of unregistered weaponry 33:30 Amnesty 39:55 Georgian Dream under pressure 51:00 Georgia in TI's Corruption Perception Index 57:00 Vano Merabishvili's 'fake' passport
- published: 05 Dec 2012
- author: Mirian Jugheli
Tbilisi Hangout 001
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 66:14
- Updated: 24 Feb 2013
The first episode of Tbilisi Hangout. We will be live every Wednesday at 20:00 Tbilisi Time. In this episode we talk about: Anti-Ivanashvili articles in western media, global amnesty, No air to breathe in the Georgian parliament, Mandatory ID cards, rugby, etc.
http://wn.com/Tbilisi_Hangout_001
The first episode of Tbilisi Hangout. We will be live every Wednesday at 20:00 Tbilisi Time. In this episode we talk about: Anti-Ivanashvili articles in western media, global amnesty, No air to breathe in the Georgian parliament, Mandatory ID cards, rugby, etc.
- published: 28 Nov 2012
- author: Mirian Jugheli
ESN Tbilisi ISU Celebration Street Party
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 7:20
- Updated: 26 Jan 2013
This is the way ESN Tbilisi ISU celebrates New Year ! Have a nice and funny time like us ! Happy and successful 2013 year ! www.esn.ge
http://wn.com/ESN_Tbilisi_ISU_Celebration_Street_Party
This is the way ESN Tbilisi ISU celebrates New Year ! Have a nice and funny time like us ! Happy and successful 2013 year ! www.esn.ge
- published: 31 Dec 2012
- views: 704
- author: ESN Tbilisi ISU
Gangnam Style dance in Tbilisi
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 0:52
- Updated: 28 Feb 2013
Look to the backstage guy and wait for the fin of the video :)
http://wn.com/Gangnam_Style_dance_in_Tbilisi
Look to the backstage guy and wait for the fin of the video :)
- published: 21 Oct 2012
- views: 85522
- author: Klaus Wassiliew
Rena Effendi's journey along the Baku-Tbilisi-Ceyhan pipeline
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 82:54
- Updated: 10 Dec 2012
11/12/2009 - Award-winning photographer Rena Effendi will be at the Frontline Club to talk about her new book Pipe Dreams - A chronicle of lives along the pipeline, that examines the transformation of Azerbaijan brought about by the oil industry. Born in Azerbaijan, Rena Effendi was first commissioned to photograph the Baku-Tbilisi-Ceyhan pipeline by energy company BP, which used her images in a corporate calendar outlining its social responsibility programme. Confronted with the reality that the majority of people had not benefited from the oil wealth, Rena Effendi returned to the region to discover what lay behind the corporate image. An opportunity to see the photographs Rena Effendi took during her independent journey along the 1700 km oil pipeline through Azerbaijan, Georgia and Turkey and hear about the stories she collected along the way. From a Soviet backwater Azerbaijan has become a fast-growing economy, with its capital Baku a focus of expat nightlife where once its citizens were under strict curfew. Rena Effendi will Pipe Dreams contrasts images of Baku's ever-changing sky-line, luxury apartments and glamorous residents, with those who, left out of the bonanza of oil dollars, are left to struggle against poverty. From rotting industrial infrastructure to the plight of refugees from the conflict Nagorno Karabagh, Rena Effendi's unflinching chronicle exposes a reality far removed from the gleaming image presented by the energy giants. But it also shows the joy ...
http://wn.com/Rena_Effendi's_journey_along_the_Baku-Tbilisi-Ceyhan_pipeline
11/12/2009 - Award-winning photographer Rena Effendi will be at the Frontline Club to talk about her new book Pipe Dreams - A chronicle of lives along the pipeline, that examines the transformation of Azerbaijan brought about by the oil industry. Born in Azerbaijan, Rena Effendi was first commissioned to photograph the Baku-Tbilisi-Ceyhan pipeline by energy company BP, which used her images in a corporate calendar outlining its social responsibility programme. Confronted with the reality that the majority of people had not benefited from the oil wealth, Rena Effendi returned to the region to discover what lay behind the corporate image. An opportunity to see the photographs Rena Effendi took during her independent journey along the 1700 km oil pipeline through Azerbaijan, Georgia and Turkey and hear about the stories she collected along the way. From a Soviet backwater Azerbaijan has become a fast-growing economy, with its capital Baku a focus of expat nightlife where once its citizens were under strict curfew. Rena Effendi will Pipe Dreams contrasts images of Baku's ever-changing sky-line, luxury apartments and glamorous residents, with those who, left out of the bonanza of oil dollars, are left to struggle against poverty. From rotting industrial infrastructure to the plight of refugees from the conflict Nagorno Karabagh, Rena Effendi's unflinching chronicle exposes a reality far removed from the gleaming image presented by the energy giants. But it also shows the joy ...
- published: 22 Aug 2012
- views: 182
- author: FrontlineClubLondon
Election night in the Tbilisi center
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 2:35
- Updated: 02 Oct 2012
October 1 Parliamentary election night in Tbilisi center. According to latest updates, 94% of votes have been counted, Georgian Dream got 55% and United National Movement 40%
http://wn.com/Election_night_in_the_Tbilisi_center
October 1 Parliamentary election night in Tbilisi center. According to latest updates, 94% of votes have been counted, Georgian Dream got 55% and United National Movement 40%
- published: 02 Oct 2012
- views: 178
- author: mnj070
Tbilisi Georgia - Celebrating the October 1, 2012 Parliamentary Elections
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 8:18
- Updated: 18 Feb 2013
People celebrating the Georgian Parliamentary elections on October 1, 2012. The video was recorded in Tbilisi, Georgia, along Kostava and Rustaveli Avenues from the Philharmonic to Freedom Square. A few things to note: - The election could largely be summed up as a contest between Bidzina Ivanishvili, the challenger, and Mikheil Saakashvili, the incumbent - The challenger was not actually running, as he had been stripped of his Georgian citizenship on a technical matter. Effectively the party he heads will be a proxy for his policies. - The number 41 and the gold and blue flag are both related to Ivanashvili and his party, Georgian Dream. The flags that show a red cross on a white background are Georgian national flags. - Saakashvili, who has done a great deal to modernize Georgia and has largely cleaned up corruption in the police force and made Georgia very business friendly, has recently lost popularity due to scandals in the country's prison system (it is actually really complicated, I have some notes in my blog at www.upsoni.com about this topic). - This election is historic, as is suggests that Georgia now has a real, stable democracy - I reduced the volume on the clips, the volume on the streets was incredibly loud It was a very noisy evening in a city that isn't known for being quiet, but the excitement and feeling that today was a historic day is very clear. The enthusiasm for democracy in Georgia is really remarkable.
http://wn.com/Tbilisi_Georgia_Celebrating_the_October_1,_2012_Parliamentary_Elections
People celebrating the Georgian Parliamentary elections on October 1, 2012. The video was recorded in Tbilisi, Georgia, along Kostava and Rustaveli Avenues from the Philharmonic to Freedom Square. A few things to note: - The election could largely be summed up as a contest between Bidzina Ivanishvili, the challenger, and Mikheil Saakashvili, the incumbent - The challenger was not actually running, as he had been stripped of his Georgian citizenship on a technical matter. Effectively the party he heads will be a proxy for his policies. - The number 41 and the gold and blue flag are both related to Ivanashvili and his party, Georgian Dream. The flags that show a red cross on a white background are Georgian national flags. - Saakashvili, who has done a great deal to modernize Georgia and has largely cleaned up corruption in the police force and made Georgia very business friendly, has recently lost popularity due to scandals in the country's prison system (it is actually really complicated, I have some notes in my blog at www.upsoni.com about this topic). - This election is historic, as is suggests that Georgia now has a real, stable democracy - I reduced the volume on the clips, the volume on the streets was incredibly loud It was a very noisy evening in a city that isn't known for being quiet, but the excitement and feeling that today was a historic day is very clear. The enthusiasm for democracy in Georgia is really remarkable.
- published: 02 Oct 2012
- views: 2789
- author: UpsoniLLC
Fight between police and students 21.09.12 Georgia Tbilisi
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:32
- Updated: 14 Feb 2013
Fight between police and students 21.09.12
http://wn.com/Fight_between_police_and_students_210912_Georgia_Tbilisi
Tbilisi Harlem Shake (Guitar Version)
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 0:30
- Updated: 01 Mar 2013
23.02.2013 Version #1: www.youtube.com
http://wn.com/Tbilisi_Harlem_Shake_Guitar_Version
Nikolas Sarkozy in Tbilisi | Palace of the President of Georgia | Saakashvili and Sarkozy
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 5:55
- Updated: 11 Feb 2013
"I came in order to convince you that France will always be a devoted friend and that Georgia can always count on its support" - The President of France, Nicolas Sarkozy.
http://wn.com/Nikolas_Sarkozy_in_Tbilisi_|_Palace_of_the_President_of_Georgia_|_Saakashvili_and_Sarkozy
"I came in order to convince you that France will always be a devoted friend and that Georgia can always count on its support" - The President of France, Nicolas Sarkozy.
- published: 09 Oct 2011
- views: 4721
- author: sandro90210
Georgian president makes annual speech amid protests
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 2:57
- Updated: 14 Feb 2013
Chaotic scenes were seen outside the National Library in Tbilisi on Thursday. Scuffles broke out as protesters gathered to stop President Mikheil Saakashvili from delivering a speech. The protesters accuse Saakashvili of flouting human rights and stifling dissent. Several pro- government lawmakers from the United National Movement and Tbilisi Mayor Gigi Ugulava were assaulted by protesters. Saakashvili, who chose the library after being prevented from speaking in parliament, had to abandon the attempt and finally delivered his speech from the presidency. Follow our Facebook on: www.facebook.com Follow our Twitter on: twitter.com
http://wn.com/Georgian_president_makes_annual_speech_amid_protests
Chaotic scenes were seen outside the National Library in Tbilisi on Thursday. Scuffles broke out as protesters gathered to stop President Mikheil Saakashvili from delivering a speech. The protesters accuse Saakashvili of flouting human rights and stifling dissent. Several pro- government lawmakers from the United National Movement and Tbilisi Mayor Gigi Ugulava were assaulted by protesters. Saakashvili, who chose the library after being prevented from speaking in parliament, had to abandon the attempt and finally delivered his speech from the presidency. Follow our Facebook on: www.facebook.com Follow our Twitter on: twitter.com
- published: 10 Feb 2013
- views: 184
- author: PressTVGlobalNews
Protests in Georgia over prison abuse video
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 0:44
- Updated: 16 Oct 2012
People take to the streets in Tbilisi, Georgia, after TV channels show prison abuse videos. Report by Louise Hulland. Like us on Facebook at www.facebook.com and follow us on Twitter at twitter.com . Subscribe to ITN News! www.youtube.com
http://wn.com/Protests_in_Georgia_over_prison_abuse_video
People take to the streets in Tbilisi, Georgia, after TV channels show prison abuse videos. Report by Louise Hulland. Like us on Facebook at www.facebook.com and follow us on Twitter at twitter.com . Subscribe to ITN News! www.youtube.com
- published: 19 Sep 2012
- views: 15734
- author: itnnews
Snowy Tbilisi - Snowflakes (ფიფქებო,ფიფქებო)
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 2:36
- Updated: 14 Jan 2013
Tiki Mosulishvili ft Giorgi Ushikishvili -- Snowflakes, (ფიფქებო). LIKE- www.facabook.com/GeorgianDailyNews SUBSCRIBE- www.youtube.com/TheGDNews
http://wn.com/Snowy_Tbilisi_Snowflakes_ფიფქებო,ფიფქებო
Tiki Mosulishvili ft Giorgi Ushikishvili -- Snowflakes, (ფიფქებო). LIKE- www.facabook.com/GeorgianDailyNews SUBSCRIBE- www.youtube.com/TheGDNews
- published: 15 Dec 2012
- views: 1897
- author: TheGDNews
Georgian Protesters fight near the National Library
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:25
- Updated: 14 Feb 2013
Scuffles have broken out in the Georgian capital Tbilisi as protesters sought to stop President Mikheil Saakashvili from delivering a speech. Politicians loyal to the president, including MPs and the mayor of Tbilisi, were assaulted outside the national library, where he was due to speak. Mr Saakashvili, who chose the library after being prevented from speaking in parliament, had to abandon the attempt. His office said he would try to speak from the presidency instead. The protesters accuse Mr Saakashvili, whose party lost last year's general election to a bloc led by Bidzina Ivanishvili, of flouting human rights and stifling dissent.
http://wn.com/Georgian_Protesters_fight_near_the_National_Library
Scuffles have broken out in the Georgian capital Tbilisi as protesters sought to stop President Mikheil Saakashvili from delivering a speech. Politicians loyal to the president, including MPs and the mayor of Tbilisi, were assaulted outside the national library, where he was due to speak. Mr Saakashvili, who chose the library after being prevented from speaking in parliament, had to abandon the attempt. His office said he would try to speak from the presidency instead. The protesters accuse Mr Saakashvili, whose party lost last year's general election to a bloc led by Bidzina Ivanishvili, of flouting human rights and stifling dissent.
- published: 08 Feb 2013
- views: 244
- author: uscaredmee
Abandoned Lion Cubs Bottle-fed in Georgia
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 0:39
- Updated: 19 Feb 2013
Two African lion cubs born at Tbilisi zoo last week are being hand-reared after their mother rejected them. (Feb. 12)
http://wn.com/Abandoned_Lion_Cubs_Bottle-fed_in_Georgia
Two African lion cubs born at Tbilisi zoo last week are being hand-reared after their mother rejected them. (Feb. 12)
- published: 12 Feb 2013
- views: 1411
- author: AssociatedPress
SVANSIKH in Tbilisi Mall - Valentine's Day 2013
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:37
- Updated: 12 Feb 2013
რა უნდა აჩუქოთ საყვარელ ადამიანს ვალენტინობაზე? - თბილისი მოლი სიყვარულის დღესთან დაკავშირებით გრანდიოზულ აქციებს იწყებს... Official Site - www.musicbox.ge Facebook - www.facebook.com Twitter - twitter.com
http://wn.com/SVANSIKH_in_Tbilisi_Mall_Valentine's_Day_2013
რა უნდა აჩუქოთ საყვარელ ადამიანს ვალენტინობაზე? - თბილისი მოლი სიყვარულის დღესთან დაკავშირებით გრანდიოზულ აქციებს იწყებს... Official Site - www.musicbox.ge Facebook - www.facebook.com Twitter - twitter.com
- published: 11 Feb 2013
- views: 548
- author: MusicBoxTVGeorgia
Tbilisi Newcomers 2012
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 5:22
- Updated: 17 Nov 2012
ვისგან გამოძერწავს ალთერვიჟენი კარგად გაყიდვად პროდუქტს და რა მუსიკალური ტენდენციებია წელს მოდაში? - Tbilisi Newcomers 2012-მა საუკეთესო ბენდი გამოავლინა... Official Site - www.musicbox.ge Facebook - www.facebook.com Twitter - twitter.com
http://wn.com/Tbilisi_Newcomers_2012
ვისგან გამოძერწავს ალთერვიჟენი კარგად გაყიდვად პროდუქტს და რა მუსიკალური ტენდენციებია წელს მოდაში? - Tbilisi Newcomers 2012-მა საუკეთესო ბენდი გამოავლინა... Official Site - www.musicbox.ge Facebook - www.facebook.com Twitter - twitter.com
- published: 29 Oct 2012
- views: 329
- author: MusicBoxTVGeorgia
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Liberty Hostel, Vilnius Park and tourist attractions in Tbilisi, Georgia...
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 9:31
- Updated: 29 Jun 2012
Welcome to our Liberty Hostel. Liberty Hostel is a budget hostel for backpacker tourists, situated in Niavghari 6, Tbilisi, just under the Tram Furnikulor on the top of the prestigious Mtatsminda and close to the Old Tbilisi, Freedom Square and other tourist attractions. There is a spectacular view of Tbilisi from our hotel rooms and from a large balcony. Our hostel welcomes all tourists, young and old, budget ones and well established. We guarantee a good service to our tourist guests. Address: 0108 Tbilisi, Georgia, Niaghvari str. №6 Email: libertyhostel@hotmail.com www.liberty-hostel.com Tbilisi (Georgian: თბილისი [tʰb̥ilisi] ( listen)) is the capital and the largest city of Georgia, lying on the banks of the Kura River. The name is derived from an early Georgian form T'pilisi (ტფილისი) and it was officially known as Tpilisi (in Georgian) or Tiflis (in Russian) until 1936.[1] The city covers an area of 726 km2 (280 sq mi) and has 1480000 inhabitants. Founded in the 5th century by Vakhtang Gorgasali, the monarch of Georgia's precursor Kingdom of Iberia, Tbilisi has served, with various intervals, as Georgia's capital for nearly 1500 years and represents a significant industrial, social, and cultural center of the country. Located near the southeastern edge of Europe, Tbilisi's proximity to lucrative east-west trade routes often made the city a point of contention between various rival empires throughout history and the city's location to this day ensures ...
http://wn.com/Liberty_Hostel,_Vilnius_Park_and_tourist_attractions_in_Tbilisi,_Georgia
Welcome to our Liberty Hostel. Liberty Hostel is a budget hostel for backpacker tourists, situated in Niavghari 6, Tbilisi, just under the Tram Furnikulor on the top of the prestigious Mtatsminda and close to the Old Tbilisi, Freedom Square and other tourist attractions. There is a spectacular view of Tbilisi from our hotel rooms and from a large balcony. Our hostel welcomes all tourists, young and old, budget ones and well established. We guarantee a good service to our tourist guests. Address: 0108 Tbilisi, Georgia, Niaghvari str. №6 Email: libertyhostel@hotmail.com www.liberty-hostel.com Tbilisi (Georgian: თბილისი [tʰb̥ilisi] ( listen)) is the capital and the largest city of Georgia, lying on the banks of the Kura River. The name is derived from an early Georgian form T'pilisi (ტფილისი) and it was officially known as Tpilisi (in Georgian) or Tiflis (in Russian) until 1936.[1] The city covers an area of 726 km2 (280 sq mi) and has 1480000 inhabitants. Founded in the 5th century by Vakhtang Gorgasali, the monarch of Georgia's precursor Kingdom of Iberia, Tbilisi has served, with various intervals, as Georgia's capital for nearly 1500 years and represents a significant industrial, social, and cultural center of the country. Located near the southeastern edge of Europe, Tbilisi's proximity to lucrative east-west trade routes often made the city a point of contention between various rival empires throughout history and the city's location to this day ensures ...
- published: 29 Jun 2012
- views: 97
- author: funworldstar
In the heart of Tbilisi, the capital of Georgia...
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 9:49
- Updated: 25 Jan 2013
In the heart of Tbilisi, the capital of Georgia, the country which is as European as any other European country, with strongly pulsating warm Christian heart... Welcome to our Liberty Hostel. Liberty Hostel is a budget hostel for backpacker tourists, situated in Niavghari 6, Tbilisi, just under the Tram Furnikulor on the top of the prestigious Mtasminda and close to the Old Tbilisi and other tourist attractions. There is a spectacular view of Tbilisi from our hotel rooms and from a large balcony. Our hostel welcomes all tourists, young and old, budget ones and well established. We guarantee a good service to our tourist guests. Address: 0108 Tbilisi, Georgia, Niaghvari str. №6 Mobile: (+995) 599 92 03 53, Email: libertyhostel@hotmail.com See our website: www.liberty-hostel.com
http://wn.com/In_the_heart_of_Tbilisi,_the_capital_of_Georgia
In the heart of Tbilisi, the capital of Georgia, the country which is as European as any other European country, with strongly pulsating warm Christian heart... Welcome to our Liberty Hostel. Liberty Hostel is a budget hostel for backpacker tourists, situated in Niavghari 6, Tbilisi, just under the Tram Furnikulor on the top of the prestigious Mtasminda and close to the Old Tbilisi and other tourist attractions. There is a spectacular view of Tbilisi from our hotel rooms and from a large balcony. Our hostel welcomes all tourists, young and old, budget ones and well established. We guarantee a good service to our tourist guests. Address: 0108 Tbilisi, Georgia, Niaghvari str. №6 Mobile: (+995) 599 92 03 53, Email: libertyhostel@hotmail.com See our website: www.liberty-hostel.com
- published: 10 May 2012
- views: 2708
- author: funworldstar
Wonders of Old Tbilisi: West meets East...
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:50
- Updated: 08 Dec 2012
Old Tbilisi (Georgian: ძველი თბილისი, dzveli t'bilisi) is an administrative district (raioni) in Tbilisi, capital of Georgia. Although the term "Old Tbilisi" has long been used to denote a historical part of the city, it was only in 2007 that it became a distinct administrative entity to incorporate several historical neighborhoods formerly included in the districts of Mtatsminda-Krtsanisi, Isani-Samgori, and Didube-Chughureti. Old Tbilisi is principally centered on what is commonly referred to as the Tbilisi Historic District, which, due to its significant architectural and urban value, as well as the threat to its survival, was previously listed on the World Monuments Watch (1998, 2000, 2002).[1] The district is located on the both sides of the Mtkvari River and is dominated by Mount Mtatsminda, Narikala fortress and the Kartlis Deda monument. It chiefly represents a 19th-century urban fabric with largely eclectic architecture which includes the buildings and structures from the 5th to the 20th century. However, most of the pre-19th century city did not survive due to the devastating Persian invasion of 1795. The district houses a bulk of the tourist attractions in Tbilisi, including churches, museums, sulphur bathhouses, and peculiar wooden houses with open, carved balconies. In the 19th century, the core territory of the modern-day district of Old Tbilisi was tentatively subdivided into ethnic neighborhoods such as Avlabari with its Armenian and Georgian ...
http://wn.com/Wonders_of_Old_Tbilisi_West_meets_East
Old Tbilisi (Georgian: ძველი თბილისი, dzveli t'bilisi) is an administrative district (raioni) in Tbilisi, capital of Georgia. Although the term "Old Tbilisi" has long been used to denote a historical part of the city, it was only in 2007 that it became a distinct administrative entity to incorporate several historical neighborhoods formerly included in the districts of Mtatsminda-Krtsanisi, Isani-Samgori, and Didube-Chughureti. Old Tbilisi is principally centered on what is commonly referred to as the Tbilisi Historic District, which, due to its significant architectural and urban value, as well as the threat to its survival, was previously listed on the World Monuments Watch (1998, 2000, 2002).[1] The district is located on the both sides of the Mtkvari River and is dominated by Mount Mtatsminda, Narikala fortress and the Kartlis Deda monument. It chiefly represents a 19th-century urban fabric with largely eclectic architecture which includes the buildings and structures from the 5th to the 20th century. However, most of the pre-19th century city did not survive due to the devastating Persian invasion of 1795. The district houses a bulk of the tourist attractions in Tbilisi, including churches, museums, sulphur bathhouses, and peculiar wooden houses with open, carved balconies. In the 19th century, the core territory of the modern-day district of Old Tbilisi was tentatively subdivided into ethnic neighborhoods such as Avlabari with its Armenian and Georgian ...
- published: 23 Jun 2012
- views: 159
- author: funworldstar
Welcome to Tbilisi, Georgia...
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 9:53
- Updated: 27 Feb 2013
Welcome to our Liberty Hostel. Liberty Hostel is a budget hostel for backpacker tourists, situated in Niavghari 6, Tbilisi, just under the Tram Furnikulor on the top of the prestigious Mtatsminda and close to the Old Tbilisi, Freedom Square and other tourist attractions. There is a spectacular view of Tbilisi from our hotel rooms and from a large balcony. Our hostel welcomes all tourists, young and old, budget ones and well established. We guarantee a good service to our tourist guests. Address: 0108 Tbilisi, Georgia, Niaghvari str. №6 Email: libertyhostel@hotmail.com www.liberty-hostel.com www.liberty-hostel.com www.liberty-hostel.com www.facebook.com *** Tbilisi (Georgian: თბილისი [tʰb̥ilisi] ( listen)) is the capital and the largest city of Georgia, lying on the banks of the Kura River. The name is derived from an early Georgian form T'pilisi (ტფილისი) and it was officially known as Tpilisi (in Georgian) or Tiflis (in Russian) until 1936.[1] The city covers an area of 726 km2 (280 sq mi) and has 1480000 inhabitants. Founded in the 5th century by Vakhtang Gorgasali, the monarch of Georgia's precursor Kingdom of Iberia, Tbilisi has served, with various intervals, as Georgia's capital for nearly 1500 years and represents a significant industrial, social, and cultural center of the country. Located near the southeastern edge of Europe, Tbilisi's proximity to lucrative east-west trade routes often made the city a point of contention between various rival ...
http://wn.com/Welcome_to_Tbilisi,_Georgia
Welcome to our Liberty Hostel. Liberty Hostel is a budget hostel for backpacker tourists, situated in Niavghari 6, Tbilisi, just under the Tram Furnikulor on the top of the prestigious Mtatsminda and close to the Old Tbilisi, Freedom Square and other tourist attractions. There is a spectacular view of Tbilisi from our hotel rooms and from a large balcony. Our hostel welcomes all tourists, young and old, budget ones and well established. We guarantee a good service to our tourist guests. Address: 0108 Tbilisi, Georgia, Niaghvari str. №6 Email: libertyhostel@hotmail.com www.liberty-hostel.com www.liberty-hostel.com www.liberty-hostel.com www.facebook.com *** Tbilisi (Georgian: თბილისი [tʰb̥ilisi] ( listen)) is the capital and the largest city of Georgia, lying on the banks of the Kura River. The name is derived from an early Georgian form T'pilisi (ტფილისი) and it was officially known as Tpilisi (in Georgian) or Tiflis (in Russian) until 1936.[1] The city covers an area of 726 km2 (280 sq mi) and has 1480000 inhabitants. Founded in the 5th century by Vakhtang Gorgasali, the monarch of Georgia's precursor Kingdom of Iberia, Tbilisi has served, with various intervals, as Georgia's capital for nearly 1500 years and represents a significant industrial, social, and cultural center of the country. Located near the southeastern edge of Europe, Tbilisi's proximity to lucrative east-west trade routes often made the city a point of contention between various rival ...
- published: 08 Jul 2012
- views: 18432
- author: funworldstar
Old Tbilisi, the tourist Mekka. Filmed by Tadeusz Hutyra...
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 4:23
- Updated: 07 Dec 2012
Old Tbilisi (Georgian: ძველი თბილისი, dzveli t'bilisi) is an administrative district (raioni) in Tbilisi, capital of Georgia. Although the term "Old Tbilisi" has long been used to denote a historical part of the city, it was only in 2007 that it became a distinct administrative entity to incorporate several historical neighborhoods formerly included in the districts of Mtatsminda-Krtsanisi, Isani-Samgori, and Didube-Chughureti. Old Tbilisi is principally centered on what is commonly referred to as the Tbilisi Historic District, which, due to its significant architectural and urban value, as well as the threat to its survival, was previously listed on the World Monuments Watch (1998, 2000, 2002).[1] The district is located on the both sides of the Mtkvari River and is dominated by Mount Mtatsminda, Narikala fortress and the Kartlis Deda monument. It chiefly represents a 19th-century urban fabric with largely eclectic architecture which includes the buildings and structures from the 5th to the 20th century. However, most of the pre-19th century city did not survive due to the devastating Persian invasion of 1795. The district houses a bulk of the tourist attractions in Tbilisi, including churches, museums, sulphur bathhouses, and peculiar wooden houses with open, carved balconies. In the 19th century, the core territory of the modern-day district of Old Tbilisi was tentatively subdivided into ethnic neighborhoods such as Avlabari with its Armenian and Georgian ...
http://wn.com/Old_Tbilisi,_the_tourist_Mekka_Filmed_by_Tadeusz_Hutyra
Old Tbilisi (Georgian: ძველი თბილისი, dzveli t'bilisi) is an administrative district (raioni) in Tbilisi, capital of Georgia. Although the term "Old Tbilisi" has long been used to denote a historical part of the city, it was only in 2007 that it became a distinct administrative entity to incorporate several historical neighborhoods formerly included in the districts of Mtatsminda-Krtsanisi, Isani-Samgori, and Didube-Chughureti. Old Tbilisi is principally centered on what is commonly referred to as the Tbilisi Historic District, which, due to its significant architectural and urban value, as well as the threat to its survival, was previously listed on the World Monuments Watch (1998, 2000, 2002).[1] The district is located on the both sides of the Mtkvari River and is dominated by Mount Mtatsminda, Narikala fortress and the Kartlis Deda monument. It chiefly represents a 19th-century urban fabric with largely eclectic architecture which includes the buildings and structures from the 5th to the 20th century. However, most of the pre-19th century city did not survive due to the devastating Persian invasion of 1795. The district houses a bulk of the tourist attractions in Tbilisi, including churches, museums, sulphur bathhouses, and peculiar wooden houses with open, carved balconies. In the 19th century, the core territory of the modern-day district of Old Tbilisi was tentatively subdivided into ethnic neighborhoods such as Avlabari with its Armenian and Georgian ...
- published: 22 Jun 2012
- views: 333
- author: funworldstar
Polscy motocyklisci wyruszajacy w kolejna trase po milym pobycie w hostelu Liberty w Tbilisi...
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 4:51
- Updated: 13 Aug 2012
Welcome to our Liberty Hostel. Liberty Hostel is a budget hostel for backpacker tourists, situated in Niavghari 6, Tbilisi, just under the Tram Furnikulor on the top of the prestigious Mtatsminda and close to the Old Tbilisi, Freedom Square and other tourist attractions. There is a spectacular view of Tbilisi from our hotel rooms and from a large balcony. Our hostel welcomes all tourists, young and old, budget ones and well established. We guarantee a good service to our tourist guests. Address: 0108 Tbilisi, Georgia, Niaghvari str. №6 Email: libertyhostel@hotmail.com www.liberty-hostel.com www.liberty-hostel.com www.liberty-hostel.com www.facebook.com *** Polish tourists on their motorcycles, all the way from Poland via Ukraine and Russia to Georgia and Armenia, staying for a while at Liberty Hostel in Tbilisi, Georgia / Polscy turysci podrozujacy na motorcyklach na trasie Polska, Ukraina, Rosja, Gruzja i Armenia. Nocowali pare dni w hostelu Liberty i milo wspominajacy czas spedzony w tym hostelu....
http://wn.com/Polscy_motocyklisci_wyruszajacy_w_kolejna_trase_po_milym_pobycie_w_hostelu_Liberty_w_Tbilisi
Welcome to our Liberty Hostel. Liberty Hostel is a budget hostel for backpacker tourists, situated in Niavghari 6, Tbilisi, just under the Tram Furnikulor on the top of the prestigious Mtatsminda and close to the Old Tbilisi, Freedom Square and other tourist attractions. There is a spectacular view of Tbilisi from our hotel rooms and from a large balcony. Our hostel welcomes all tourists, young and old, budget ones and well established. We guarantee a good service to our tourist guests. Address: 0108 Tbilisi, Georgia, Niaghvari str. №6 Email: libertyhostel@hotmail.com www.liberty-hostel.com www.liberty-hostel.com www.liberty-hostel.com www.facebook.com *** Polish tourists on their motorcycles, all the way from Poland via Ukraine and Russia to Georgia and Armenia, staying for a while at Liberty Hostel in Tbilisi, Georgia / Polscy turysci podrozujacy na motorcyklach na trasie Polska, Ukraina, Rosja, Gruzja i Armenia. Nocowali pare dni w hostelu Liberty i milo wspominajacy czas spedzony w tym hostelu....
- published: 28 Jul 2012
- views: 264
- author: funworldstar
Old Tbilisi at night, the magnificient splendours...
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 9:47
- Updated: 23 Sep 2012
Welcome to our Liberty Hostel. Liberty Hostel is a budget hostel for backpacker tourists, situated in Niavghari 6, Tbilisi, just under the Tram Furnikulor on the top of the prestigious Mtatsminda and close to the Old Tbilisi, Freedom Square and other tourist attractions. There is a spectacular view of Tbilisi from our hotel rooms and from a large balcony. Our hostel welcomes all tourists, young and old, budget ones and well established. We guarantee a good service to our tourist guests. Address: 0108 Tbilisi, Georgia, Niaghvari str. №6 Email: libertyhostel@hotmail.com www.liberty-hostel.com Tbilisi (Georgian: თბილისი [tʰb̥ilisi] ( listen)) is the capital and the largest city of Georgia, lying on the banks of the Kura River. The name is derived from an early Georgian form T'pilisi (ტფილისი) and it was officially known as Tpilisi (in Georgian) or Tiflis (in Russian) until 1936.[1] The city covers an area of 726 km2 (280 sq mi) and has 1480000 inhabitants. Founded in the 5th century by Vakhtang Gorgasali, the monarch of Georgia's precursor Kingdom of Iberia, Tbilisi has served, with various intervals, as Georgia's capital for nearly 1500 years and represents a significant industrial, social, and cultural center of the country. Located near the southeastern edge of Europe, Tbilisi's proximity to lucrative east-west trade routes often made the city a point of contention between various rival empires throughout history and the city's location to this day ensures ...
http://wn.com/Old_Tbilisi_at_night,_the_magnificient_splendours
Welcome to our Liberty Hostel. Liberty Hostel is a budget hostel for backpacker tourists, situated in Niavghari 6, Tbilisi, just under the Tram Furnikulor on the top of the prestigious Mtatsminda and close to the Old Tbilisi, Freedom Square and other tourist attractions. There is a spectacular view of Tbilisi from our hotel rooms and from a large balcony. Our hostel welcomes all tourists, young and old, budget ones and well established. We guarantee a good service to our tourist guests. Address: 0108 Tbilisi, Georgia, Niaghvari str. №6 Email: libertyhostel@hotmail.com www.liberty-hostel.com Tbilisi (Georgian: თბილისი [tʰb̥ilisi] ( listen)) is the capital and the largest city of Georgia, lying on the banks of the Kura River. The name is derived from an early Georgian form T'pilisi (ტფილისი) and it was officially known as Tpilisi (in Georgian) or Tiflis (in Russian) until 1936.[1] The city covers an area of 726 km2 (280 sq mi) and has 1480000 inhabitants. Founded in the 5th century by Vakhtang Gorgasali, the monarch of Georgia's precursor Kingdom of Iberia, Tbilisi has served, with various intervals, as Georgia's capital for nearly 1500 years and represents a significant industrial, social, and cultural center of the country. Located near the southeastern edge of Europe, Tbilisi's proximity to lucrative east-west trade routes often made the city a point of contention between various rival empires throughout history and the city's location to this day ensures ...
- published: 01 Jul 2012
- views: 679
- author: funworldstar
Music and fun at Liberty Hostel Tbilisi...
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 9:17
- Updated: 06 Aug 2012
Welcome to our Liberty Hostel. Liberty Hostel is a budget hostel for backpacker tourists, situated in Niavghari 6, Tbilisi, just under the Tram Furnikulor on the top of the prestigious Mtatsminda and close to the Old Tbilisi, Freedom Square and other tourist attractions. There is a spectacular view of Tbilisi from our hotel rooms and from a large balcony. Our hostel welcomes all tourists, young and old, budget ones and well established. We guarantee a good service to our tourist guests. Address: 0108 Tbilisi, Georgia, Niaghvari str. №6 Email: libertyhostel@hotmail.com www.liberty-hostel.com www.liberty-hostel.com www.liberty-hostel.com www.facebook.com
http://wn.com/Music_and_fun_at_Liberty_Hostel_Tbilisi
Welcome to our Liberty Hostel. Liberty Hostel is a budget hostel for backpacker tourists, situated in Niavghari 6, Tbilisi, just under the Tram Furnikulor on the top of the prestigious Mtatsminda and close to the Old Tbilisi, Freedom Square and other tourist attractions. There is a spectacular view of Tbilisi from our hotel rooms and from a large balcony. Our hostel welcomes all tourists, young and old, budget ones and well established. We guarantee a good service to our tourist guests. Address: 0108 Tbilisi, Georgia, Niaghvari str. №6 Email: libertyhostel@hotmail.com www.liberty-hostel.com www.liberty-hostel.com www.liberty-hostel.com www.facebook.com
- published: 29 Jul 2012
- views: 53
- author: funworldstar
Tango of Tbilisi, a night portrayal of the Old Tbilisi...
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 9:48
- Updated: 29 Jul 2012
Welcome to our Liberty Hostel. Liberty Hostel is a budget hostel for backpacker tourists, situated in Niavghari 6, Tbilisi, just under the Tram Furnikulor on the top of the prestigious Mtatsminda and close to the Old Tbilisi, Freedom Square and other tourist attractions. There is a spectacular view of Tbilisi from our hotel rooms and from a large balcony. Our hostel welcomes all tourists, young and old, budget ones and well established. We guarantee a good service to our tourist guests. Address: 0108 Tbilisi, Georgia, Niaghvari str. №6 Email: libertyhostel@hotmail.com www.liberty-hostel.com www.facebook.com Old Tbilisi (Georgian: ძველი თბილისი, dzveli t'bilisi) is an administrative district (raioni) in Tbilisi, capital of Georgia. Although the term "Old Tbilisi" has long been used to denote a historical part of the city, it was only in 2007 that it became a distinct administrative entity to incorporate several historical neighborhoods formerly included in the districts of Mtatsminda-Krtsanisi, Isani-Samgori, and Didube-Chughureti. Old Tbilisi is principally centered on what is commonly referred to as the Tbilisi Historic District, which, due to its significant architectural and urban value, as well as the threat to its survival, was previously listed on the World Monuments Watch (1998, 2000, 2002).[1] The district is located on the both sides of the Mtkvari River and is dominated by Mount Mtatsminda, Narikala fortress and the Kartlis Deda monument. It chiefly ...
http://wn.com/Tango_of_Tbilisi,_a_night_portrayal_of_the_Old_Tbilisi
Welcome to our Liberty Hostel. Liberty Hostel is a budget hostel for backpacker tourists, situated in Niavghari 6, Tbilisi, just under the Tram Furnikulor on the top of the prestigious Mtatsminda and close to the Old Tbilisi, Freedom Square and other tourist attractions. There is a spectacular view of Tbilisi from our hotel rooms and from a large balcony. Our hostel welcomes all tourists, young and old, budget ones and well established. We guarantee a good service to our tourist guests. Address: 0108 Tbilisi, Georgia, Niaghvari str. №6 Email: libertyhostel@hotmail.com www.liberty-hostel.com www.facebook.com Old Tbilisi (Georgian: ძველი თბილისი, dzveli t'bilisi) is an administrative district (raioni) in Tbilisi, capital of Georgia. Although the term "Old Tbilisi" has long been used to denote a historical part of the city, it was only in 2007 that it became a distinct administrative entity to incorporate several historical neighborhoods formerly included in the districts of Mtatsminda-Krtsanisi, Isani-Samgori, and Didube-Chughureti. Old Tbilisi is principally centered on what is commonly referred to as the Tbilisi Historic District, which, due to its significant architectural and urban value, as well as the threat to its survival, was previously listed on the World Monuments Watch (1998, 2000, 2002).[1] The district is located on the both sides of the Mtkvari River and is dominated by Mount Mtatsminda, Narikala fortress and the Kartlis Deda monument. It chiefly ...
- published: 02 Jul 2012
- views: 808
- author: funworldstar
A piano concert at Liberty Hostel Tbilisi...
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 8:45
- Updated: 23 Oct 2012
Welcome to our Liberty Hostel. Liberty Hostel is a budget hostel for backpacker tourists, situated in Niavghari 6, Tbilisi, just under the Tram Furnikulor on the top of the prestigious Mtatsminda and close to the Old Tbilisi, Freedom Square and other tourist attractions. There is a spectacular view of Tbilisi from our hotel rooms and from a large balcony. Our hostel welcomes all tourists, young and old, budget ones and well established. We guarantee a good service to our tourist guests. Address: 0108 Tbilisi, Georgia, Niaghvari str. №6 Email: libertyhostel@hotmail.com www.facebook.com www.facebook.com
http://wn.com/A_piano_concert_at_Liberty_Hostel_Tbilisi
Welcome to our Liberty Hostel. Liberty Hostel is a budget hostel for backpacker tourists, situated in Niavghari 6, Tbilisi, just under the Tram Furnikulor on the top of the prestigious Mtatsminda and close to the Old Tbilisi, Freedom Square and other tourist attractions. There is a spectacular view of Tbilisi from our hotel rooms and from a large balcony. Our hostel welcomes all tourists, young and old, budget ones and well established. We guarantee a good service to our tourist guests. Address: 0108 Tbilisi, Georgia, Niaghvari str. №6 Email: libertyhostel@hotmail.com www.facebook.com www.facebook.com
- published: 26 Aug 2012
- views: 79
- author: Teddyland
Portrayal of Georgia / Portret Gruzji...
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 94:19
- Updated: 05 Jan 2013
A portrayal of Georgia by www.funworld.be / Portret Gruzji, www.funworld.be *** Welcome to our Liberty Hostel. Liberty Hostel is a budget hostel for backpacker tourists, situated in Niavghari 6, Tbilisi, just under the Tram Furnikulor on the top of the prestigious Mtatsminda and close to the Old Tbilisi, Freedom Square and other tourist attractions. There is a spectacular view of Tbilisi from our hotel rooms and from a large balcony. Our hostel welcomes all tourists, young and old, budget ones and well established. We guarantee a good service to our tourist guests. Address: 0108 Tbilisi, Georgia, Niaghvari str. №6 Email: libertyhostel@hotmail.com www.liberty-hostel.com www.liberty-hostel.com www.liberty-hostel.com www.facebook.com www.facebook.com I created this video with the YouTube Video Editor (www.youtube.com
http://wn.com/Portrayal_of_Georgia_Portret_Gruzji
A portrayal of Georgia by www.funworld.be / Portret Gruzji, www.funworld.be *** Welcome to our Liberty Hostel. Liberty Hostel is a budget hostel for backpacker tourists, situated in Niavghari 6, Tbilisi, just under the Tram Furnikulor on the top of the prestigious Mtatsminda and close to the Old Tbilisi, Freedom Square and other tourist attractions. There is a spectacular view of Tbilisi from our hotel rooms and from a large balcony. Our hostel welcomes all tourists, young and old, budget ones and well established. We guarantee a good service to our tourist guests. Address: 0108 Tbilisi, Georgia, Niaghvari str. №6 Email: libertyhostel@hotmail.com www.liberty-hostel.com www.liberty-hostel.com www.liberty-hostel.com www.facebook.com www.facebook.com I created this video with the YouTube Video Editor (www.youtube.com
- published: 02 Sep 2012
- views: 85
- author: funworldstar
Welcome to Liberty Hostel in Tbilisi, Georgia...
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 5:43
- Updated: 30 Jun 2012
Welcome to our Liberty Hostel. Liberty Hostel is a budget hostel for backpacker tourists, situated in Niavghari 6, Tbilisi, just under the Tram Furnikulor on the top of the prestigious Mtatsminda and close to the Old Tbilisi, Freedom Square and other tourist attractions. There is a spectacular view of Tbilisi from our hotel rooms and from a large balcony. Our hostel welcomes all tourists, young and old, budget ones and well established. We guarantee a good service to our tourist guests. Address: 0108 Tbilisi, Georgia, Niaghvari str. №6 Email: libertyhostel@hotmail.com www.liberty-hostel.com Tbilisi (Georgian: თბილისი [tʰb̥ilisi] ( listen)) is the capital and the largest city of Georgia, lying on the banks of the Kura River. The name is derived from an early Georgian form T'pilisi (ტფილისი) and it was officially known as Tpilisi (in Georgian) or Tiflis (in Russian) until 1936.[1] The city covers an area of 726 km2 (280 sq mi) and has 1480000 inhabitants. Founded in the 5th century by Vakhtang Gorgasali, the monarch of Georgia's precursor Kingdom of Iberia, Tbilisi has served, with various intervals, as Georgia's capital for nearly 1500 years and represents a significant industrial, social, and cultural center of the country. Located near the southeastern edge of Europe, Tbilisi's proximity to lucrative east-west trade routes often made the city a point of contention between various rival empires throughout history and the city's location to this day ensures ...
http://wn.com/Welcome_to_Liberty_Hostel_in_Tbilisi,_Georgia
Welcome to our Liberty Hostel. Liberty Hostel is a budget hostel for backpacker tourists, situated in Niavghari 6, Tbilisi, just under the Tram Furnikulor on the top of the prestigious Mtatsminda and close to the Old Tbilisi, Freedom Square and other tourist attractions. There is a spectacular view of Tbilisi from our hotel rooms and from a large balcony. Our hostel welcomes all tourists, young and old, budget ones and well established. We guarantee a good service to our tourist guests. Address: 0108 Tbilisi, Georgia, Niaghvari str. №6 Email: libertyhostel@hotmail.com www.liberty-hostel.com Tbilisi (Georgian: თბილისი [tʰb̥ilisi] ( listen)) is the capital and the largest city of Georgia, lying on the banks of the Kura River. The name is derived from an early Georgian form T'pilisi (ტფილისი) and it was officially known as Tpilisi (in Georgian) or Tiflis (in Russian) until 1936.[1] The city covers an area of 726 km2 (280 sq mi) and has 1480000 inhabitants. Founded in the 5th century by Vakhtang Gorgasali, the monarch of Georgia's precursor Kingdom of Iberia, Tbilisi has served, with various intervals, as Georgia's capital for nearly 1500 years and represents a significant industrial, social, and cultural center of the country. Located near the southeastern edge of Europe, Tbilisi's proximity to lucrative east-west trade routes often made the city a point of contention between various rival empires throughout history and the city's location to this day ensures ...
- published: 25 Jun 2012
- views: 205
- author: funworldstar
Czech virtuozery in Georgia...
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 9:21
- Updated: 10 Aug 2012
Welcome to our Liberty Hostel. Liberty Hostel is a budget hostel for backpacker tourists, situated in Niavghari 6, Tbilisi, just under the Tram Furnikulor on the top of the prestigious Mtatsminda and close to the Old Tbilisi, Freedom Square and other tourist attractions. There is a spectacular view of Tbilisi from our hotel rooms and from a large balcony. Our hostel welcomes all tourists, young and old, budget ones and well established. We guarantee a good service to our tourist guests. Address: 0108 Tbilisi, Georgia, Niaghvari str. №6 Email: libertyhostel@hotmail.com www.liberty-hostel.com www.liberty-hostel.com www.liberty-hostel.com www.facebook.com *** Great piano performance by a traveller from the Czech Republic. The performance took place within Liberty Hostel in Tbilisi, Georgia...
http://wn.com/Czech_virtuozery_in_Georgia
Welcome to our Liberty Hostel. Liberty Hostel is a budget hostel for backpacker tourists, situated in Niavghari 6, Tbilisi, just under the Tram Furnikulor on the top of the prestigious Mtatsminda and close to the Old Tbilisi, Freedom Square and other tourist attractions. There is a spectacular view of Tbilisi from our hotel rooms and from a large balcony. Our hostel welcomes all tourists, young and old, budget ones and well established. We guarantee a good service to our tourist guests. Address: 0108 Tbilisi, Georgia, Niaghvari str. №6 Email: libertyhostel@hotmail.com www.liberty-hostel.com www.liberty-hostel.com www.liberty-hostel.com www.facebook.com *** Great piano performance by a traveller from the Czech Republic. The performance took place within Liberty Hostel in Tbilisi, Georgia...
- published: 29 Jul 2012
- views: 25
- author: funworldstar
Dedicated to Aleksander Pushkin, the great poet who loved Tbilisi and Georgia...
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 7:44
- Updated: 08 Nov 2012
Welcome to our Liberty Hostel. Liberty Hostel is a budget hostel for backpacker tourists, situated in Niavghari 6, Tbilisi, just under the Tram Furnikulor on the top of the prestigious Mtatsminda and close to the Old Tbilisi, Freedom Square and other tourist attractions. There is a spectacular view of Tbilisi from our hotel rooms and from a large balcony. Our hostel welcomes all tourists, young and old, budget ones and well established. We guarantee a good service to our tourist guests. Address: 0108 Tbilisi, Georgia, Niaghvari str. №6 Email: libertyhostel@hotmail.com www.liberty-hostel.com www.facebook.com Aleksander Pushkin, the greatest Russian poet of modern Russian literature loved Tbilisi and Georgia. He was a Russian author of the Romantic era[1] who is considered by many to be the greatest Russian poet and the founder of modern Russian literature. Born into the Russian nobility in Moscow, Pushkin published his first poem at the age of fifteen, and was widely recognized by the literary establishment by the time of his graduation from the Imperial Lyceum in Tsarskoye Selo. While under the strict surveillance of the Tsar's political police and unable to publish, Pushkin wrote his most famous play, the drama Boris Godunov. His novel in verse, Eugene Onegin, was serialized between 1825 and 1832. Notoriously touchy about his honour, Pushkin fought a total of twenty-nine duels, and was fatally wounded in such an encounter with Georges-Charles de Heeckeren d'Anthès. D ...
http://wn.com/Dedicated_to_Aleksander_Pushkin,_the_great_poet_who_loved_Tbilisi_and_Georgia
Welcome to our Liberty Hostel. Liberty Hostel is a budget hostel for backpacker tourists, situated in Niavghari 6, Tbilisi, just under the Tram Furnikulor on the top of the prestigious Mtatsminda and close to the Old Tbilisi, Freedom Square and other tourist attractions. There is a spectacular view of Tbilisi from our hotel rooms and from a large balcony. Our hostel welcomes all tourists, young and old, budget ones and well established. We guarantee a good service to our tourist guests. Address: 0108 Tbilisi, Georgia, Niaghvari str. №6 Email: libertyhostel@hotmail.com www.liberty-hostel.com www.facebook.com Aleksander Pushkin, the greatest Russian poet of modern Russian literature loved Tbilisi and Georgia. He was a Russian author of the Romantic era[1] who is considered by many to be the greatest Russian poet and the founder of modern Russian literature. Born into the Russian nobility in Moscow, Pushkin published his first poem at the age of fifteen, and was widely recognized by the literary establishment by the time of his graduation from the Imperial Lyceum in Tsarskoye Selo. While under the strict surveillance of the Tsar's political police and unable to publish, Pushkin wrote his most famous play, the drama Boris Godunov. His novel in verse, Eugene Onegin, was serialized between 1825 and 1832. Notoriously touchy about his honour, Pushkin fought a total of twenty-nine duels, and was fatally wounded in such an encounter with Georges-Charles de Heeckeren d'Anthès. D ...
- published: 02 Jul 2012
- views: 205
- author: funworldstar
Magnificient Rustaveli Avenue, one of the main streets in Tbilisi, Georgia...
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:25
- Updated: 07 Dec 2012
Rustaveli Avenue - (formerly known as Golovin Street) is an avenue in central Tbilisi named after the medieval Georgian poet, Shota Rustaveli. The Avenue starts at Freedom Square and extends for about 1.5 km in length, before it turns into an extension of Kostavas Kucha (Kostava Street). Rustaveli is often considered as the main thoroughfare of Tbilisi due to a large number of governmental, public, cultural, and business buildings that are located along or near the Avenue. The Parliament of Georgia, Kashveti Church, the Simon Janashia Museum of Georgia (part of the Georgian National Museum), the Tbilisi Opera and Ballet Theatre, the Rustaveli State Academic Theater, the Rustaveli Museum, and the Georgian Academy of Sciences, among others, are all located on Rustaveli. The thoroughfare is served by the Tbilisi Metro and buses. In 1989, tens of thousands of Georgians gathered before the House of Government on Rustaveli Avenue. An attack by the Soviet spetsnaz forces killed many protesters in the April 9 tragedy. In 2007, the avenue was site of anti-government protests. Welcome to our Liberty Hostel. Liberty Hostel is a budget hostel for backpacker tourists, situated in Niavghari 6, Tbilisi, just under the Tram Furnikulor on the top of the prestigious Mtasminda and close to the Old Tbilisi, Freedom Square and other tourist attractions. There is spectacular view of Tbilisi from our hotel rooms and from a large balcony. Our hostel welcomes all tourists, young and old, budget ...
http://wn.com/Magnificient_Rustaveli_Avenue,_one_of_the_main_streets_in_Tbilisi,_Georgia
Rustaveli Avenue - (formerly known as Golovin Street) is an avenue in central Tbilisi named after the medieval Georgian poet, Shota Rustaveli. The Avenue starts at Freedom Square and extends for about 1.5 km in length, before it turns into an extension of Kostavas Kucha (Kostava Street). Rustaveli is often considered as the main thoroughfare of Tbilisi due to a large number of governmental, public, cultural, and business buildings that are located along or near the Avenue. The Parliament of Georgia, Kashveti Church, the Simon Janashia Museum of Georgia (part of the Georgian National Museum), the Tbilisi Opera and Ballet Theatre, the Rustaveli State Academic Theater, the Rustaveli Museum, and the Georgian Academy of Sciences, among others, are all located on Rustaveli. The thoroughfare is served by the Tbilisi Metro and buses. In 1989, tens of thousands of Georgians gathered before the House of Government on Rustaveli Avenue. An attack by the Soviet spetsnaz forces killed many protesters in the April 9 tragedy. In 2007, the avenue was site of anti-government protests. Welcome to our Liberty Hostel. Liberty Hostel is a budget hostel for backpacker tourists, situated in Niavghari 6, Tbilisi, just under the Tram Furnikulor on the top of the prestigious Mtasminda and close to the Old Tbilisi, Freedom Square and other tourist attractions. There is spectacular view of Tbilisi from our hotel rooms and from a large balcony. Our hostel welcomes all tourists, young and old, budget ...
- published: 20 Jun 2012
- views: 548
- author: funworldstar
A concert at Liberty Hostel Tbilisi...
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 9:49
- Updated: 16 Oct 2012
Welcome to our Liberty Hostel. Liberty Hostel is a budget hostel for backpacker tourists, situated in Niavghari 6, Tbilisi, just under the Tram Furnikulor on the top of the prestigious Mtatsminda and close to the Old Tbilisi, Freedom Square and other tourist attractions. There is a spectacular view of Tbilisi from our hotel rooms and from a large balcony. Our hostel welcomes all tourists, young and old, budget ones and well established. We guarantee a good service to our tourist guests. Address: 0108 Tbilisi, Georgia, Niaghvari str. №6 Email: libertyhostel@hotmail.com www.facebook.com www.facebook.com
http://wn.com/A_concert_at_Liberty_Hostel_Tbilisi
Welcome to our Liberty Hostel. Liberty Hostel is a budget hostel for backpacker tourists, situated in Niavghari 6, Tbilisi, just under the Tram Furnikulor on the top of the prestigious Mtatsminda and close to the Old Tbilisi, Freedom Square and other tourist attractions. There is a spectacular view of Tbilisi from our hotel rooms and from a large balcony. Our hostel welcomes all tourists, young and old, budget ones and well established. We guarantee a good service to our tourist guests. Address: 0108 Tbilisi, Georgia, Niaghvari str. №6 Email: libertyhostel@hotmail.com www.facebook.com www.facebook.com
- published: 04 Aug 2012
- views: 147
- author: funworldstar
Late night concert at Liberty Hostel Tbilisi...
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 9:53
- Updated: 06 Aug 2012
Welcome to our Liberty Hostel. Liberty Hostel is a budget hostel for backpacker tourists, situated in Niavghari 6, Tbilisi, just under the Tram Furnikulor on the top of the prestigious Mtatsminda and close to the Old Tbilisi, Freedom Square and other tourist attractions. There is a spectacular view of Tbilisi from our hotel rooms and from a large balcony. Our hostel welcomes all tourists, young and old, budget ones and well established. We guarantee a good service to our tourist guests. Address: 0108 Tbilisi, Georgia, Niaghvari str. №6 Email: libertyhostel@hotmail.com www.facebook.com www.facebook.com
http://wn.com/Late_night_concert_at_Liberty_Hostel_Tbilisi
Welcome to our Liberty Hostel. Liberty Hostel is a budget hostel for backpacker tourists, situated in Niavghari 6, Tbilisi, just under the Tram Furnikulor on the top of the prestigious Mtatsminda and close to the Old Tbilisi, Freedom Square and other tourist attractions. There is a spectacular view of Tbilisi from our hotel rooms and from a large balcony. Our hostel welcomes all tourists, young and old, budget ones and well established. We guarantee a good service to our tourist guests. Address: 0108 Tbilisi, Georgia, Niaghvari str. №6 Email: libertyhostel@hotmail.com www.facebook.com www.facebook.com
- published: 05 Aug 2012
- views: 96
- author: funworldstar
საქართველო/Georgia/Georgien - თბილისი/Tbilisi/Tiflis
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:49
- Updated: 12 Feb 2013
Sakartvelo/Georgia, Tbilisi/Tiflis, Caucasus
http://wn.com/საქართველო_Georgia_Georgien_თბილისი_Tbilisi_Tiflis
Sakartvelo/Georgia, Tbilisi/Tiflis, Caucasus
- published: 03 Apr 2012
- views: 7713
- author: GeorgianInBerlin
Pleasures of the sulphur bath in Bania, Tbilisi
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 2:48
- Updated: 22 Feb 2013
Bania, a sulphur bath in Tbilisi, Georgia... A complete privacy guaranteed for long hours and funny small amount of money... Welcome to our Liberty Hostel. Liberty Hostel is a budget hostel for backpacker tourists, situated in Niavghari 6, Tbilisi, just under the Tram Furnikulor on the top of the prestigious Mtasminda and close to the Old Tbilisi, Freedom Square and many other tourist attractions. Our hostel welcomes all tourists, young and old, budget ones and well established. We guarantee a good service to our tourist guests. Address: 0108 Tbilisi, Georgia, Niaghvari str. №6 Email: libertyhostel@hotmail.com www.liberty-hostel.com
http://wn.com/Pleasures_of_the_sulphur_bath_in_Bania,_Tbilisi
Bania, a sulphur bath in Tbilisi, Georgia... A complete privacy guaranteed for long hours and funny small amount of money... Welcome to our Liberty Hostel. Liberty Hostel is a budget hostel for backpacker tourists, situated in Niavghari 6, Tbilisi, just under the Tram Furnikulor on the top of the prestigious Mtasminda and close to the Old Tbilisi, Freedom Square and many other tourist attractions. Our hostel welcomes all tourists, young and old, budget ones and well established. We guarantee a good service to our tourist guests. Address: 0108 Tbilisi, Georgia, Niaghvari str. №6 Email: libertyhostel@hotmail.com www.liberty-hostel.com
- published: 20 Jun 2012
- views: 213
- author: funworldstar
Liberty Hostel fun 24 hour per 24 hour...
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 9:56
- Updated: 06 Aug 2012
Welcome to our Liberty Hostel. Liberty Hostel is a budget hostel for backpacker tourists, situated in Niavghari 6, Tbilisi, just under the Tram Furnikulor on the top of the prestigious Mtatsminda and close to the Old Tbilisi, Freedom Square and other tourist attractions. There is a spectacular view of Tbilisi from our hotel rooms and from a large balcony. Our hostel welcomes all tourists, young and old, budget ones and well established. We guarantee a good service to our tourist guests. Address: 0108 Tbilisi, Georgia, Niaghvari str. №6 Email: libertyhostel@hotmail.com www.facebook.com www.facebook.com
http://wn.com/Liberty_Hostel_fun_24_hour_per_24_hour
Welcome to our Liberty Hostel. Liberty Hostel is a budget hostel for backpacker tourists, situated in Niavghari 6, Tbilisi, just under the Tram Furnikulor on the top of the prestigious Mtatsminda and close to the Old Tbilisi, Freedom Square and other tourist attractions. There is a spectacular view of Tbilisi from our hotel rooms and from a large balcony. Our hostel welcomes all tourists, young and old, budget ones and well established. We guarantee a good service to our tourist guests. Address: 0108 Tbilisi, Georgia, Niaghvari str. №6 Email: libertyhostel@hotmail.com www.facebook.com www.facebook.com
- published: 04 Aug 2012
- views: 40
- author: funworldstar
Tourists with their kids in our hostel...
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 1:36
- Updated: 23 Oct 2012
Welcome to our Liberty Hostel. Liberty Hostel is a budget hostel for backpacker tourists, situated in Niavghari 6, Tbilisi, just under the Tram Furnikulor on the top of the prestigious Mtatsminda and close to the Old Tbilisi, Freedom Square and other tourist attractions. There is a spectacular view of Tbilisi from our hotel rooms and from a large balcony. Our hostel welcomes all tourists, young and old, budget ones and well established. We guarantee a good service to our tourist guests. Address: 0108 Tbilisi, Georgia, Niaghvari str. №6 Email: libertyhostel@hotmail.com www.facebook.com www.facebook.com
http://wn.com/Tourists_with_their_kids_in_our_hostel
Welcome to our Liberty Hostel. Liberty Hostel is a budget hostel for backpacker tourists, situated in Niavghari 6, Tbilisi, just under the Tram Furnikulor on the top of the prestigious Mtatsminda and close to the Old Tbilisi, Freedom Square and other tourist attractions. There is a spectacular view of Tbilisi from our hotel rooms and from a large balcony. Our hostel welcomes all tourists, young and old, budget ones and well established. We guarantee a good service to our tourist guests. Address: 0108 Tbilisi, Georgia, Niaghvari str. №6 Email: libertyhostel@hotmail.com www.facebook.com www.facebook.com
- published: 15 Aug 2012
- views: 21
- author: Teddyland
Portrayal of a walking route to Liberty Hostel Tbilisi...
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 6:22
- Updated: 26 Aug 2012
Hello, I am walking up a street from Freedom Square and Rustaveli Avenue to Mtatsminda where our Liberty Hostel is situated. This route is only for those of you who are on foot. There is another route for those of you who are coming by car and I will show that other route on You Tube soon. One can also get to our hostel by public yellow minibus no.: 4, 67 and 131, from Freedom Square of course and the final stop is at the end of Chonkhadze Street and next to Chitadze 3 and the Vilnius Park. There you see our hostel with spectacular reclame on the balcony: "Welcome to Liberty Hostel" as well as some international banners... *** Welcome to our Liberty Hostel. Liberty Hostel is a budget hostel for backpacker tourists, situated in Niavghari 6, Tbilisi, just under the Tram Furnikulor on the top of the prestigious Mtatsminda and close to the Old Tbilisi, Freedom Square and other tourist attractions. There is a spectacular view of Tbilisi from our hotel rooms and from a large balcony. Our hostel welcomes all tourists, young and old, budget ones and well established. We guarantee a good service to our tourist guests. Address: 0108 Tbilisi, Georgia, Niaghvari str. №6 Email: libertyhostel@hotmail.com www.facebook.com www.facebook.com
http://wn.com/Portrayal_of_a_walking_route_to_Liberty_Hostel_Tbilisi
Hello, I am walking up a street from Freedom Square and Rustaveli Avenue to Mtatsminda where our Liberty Hostel is situated. This route is only for those of you who are on foot. There is another route for those of you who are coming by car and I will show that other route on You Tube soon. One can also get to our hostel by public yellow minibus no.: 4, 67 and 131, from Freedom Square of course and the final stop is at the end of Chonkhadze Street and next to Chitadze 3 and the Vilnius Park. There you see our hostel with spectacular reclame on the balcony: "Welcome to Liberty Hostel" as well as some international banners... *** Welcome to our Liberty Hostel. Liberty Hostel is a budget hostel for backpacker tourists, situated in Niavghari 6, Tbilisi, just under the Tram Furnikulor on the top of the prestigious Mtatsminda and close to the Old Tbilisi, Freedom Square and other tourist attractions. There is a spectacular view of Tbilisi from our hotel rooms and from a large balcony. Our hostel welcomes all tourists, young and old, budget ones and well established. We guarantee a good service to our tourist guests. Address: 0108 Tbilisi, Georgia, Niaghvari str. №6 Email: libertyhostel@hotmail.com www.facebook.com www.facebook.com
- published: 26 Aug 2012
- views: 27
- author: Teddyland
Beauty of Georgia / Piekno Gruzji...
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 9:59
- Updated: 02 Sep 2012
Beauty of Georgia / Piekno Gruzji... Welcome to our Liberty Hostel. Liberty Hostel is a budget hostel for backpacker tourists, situated in Niavghari 6, Tbilisi, just under the Tram Furnikulor on the top of the prestigious Mtatsminda and close to the Old Tbilisi, Freedom Square and other tourist attractions. There is a spectacular view of Tbilisi from our hotel rooms and from a large balcony. Our hostel welcomes all tourists, young and old, budget ones and well established. We guarantee a good service to our tourist guests. Address: 0108 Tbilisi, Georgia, Niaghvari str. №6 Email: libertyhostel@hotmail.com www.facebook.com www.facebook.com
http://wn.com/Beauty_of_Georgia_Piekno_Gruzji
Beauty of Georgia / Piekno Gruzji... Welcome to our Liberty Hostel. Liberty Hostel is a budget hostel for backpacker tourists, situated in Niavghari 6, Tbilisi, just under the Tram Furnikulor on the top of the prestigious Mtatsminda and close to the Old Tbilisi, Freedom Square and other tourist attractions. There is a spectacular view of Tbilisi from our hotel rooms and from a large balcony. Our hostel welcomes all tourists, young and old, budget ones and well established. We guarantee a good service to our tourist guests. Address: 0108 Tbilisi, Georgia, Niaghvari str. №6 Email: libertyhostel@hotmail.com www.facebook.com www.facebook.com
- published: 01 Sep 2012
- views: 64
- author: funworldstar
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Visit Georgia, Travel to Georgia, Caucasus , Guaranteed departures, Tour Operator Georgia
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 13:58
- Updated: 28 Feb 2013
concordtravel.ge Visit Georgia, you can rely on our service possibilities traveling through country.We offer you trips in Tbilisi,which is nestled through mountains wondering with its ancients building that surround comfortable Tbilisi hotels, restaurants.Our point is to make Travel to Georgia unforgettable. Tour Operator Georgia, Caucasus-Concord Travel.
http://wn.com/Visit_Georgia,_Travel_to_Georgia,_Caucasus_,_Guaranteed_departures,_Tour_Operator_Georgia
concordtravel.ge Visit Georgia, you can rely on our service possibilities traveling through country.We offer you trips in Tbilisi,which is nestled through mountains wondering with its ancients building that surround comfortable Tbilisi hotels, restaurants.Our point is to make Travel to Georgia unforgettable. Tour Operator Georgia, Caucasus-Concord Travel.
- published: 25 Jan 2011
- views: 4503
- author: Alex Evans
GREEN Georgia
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:58
- Updated: 22 Feb 2013
We take a look at Georgia's newest Borjomi Kharagauli National Park! Also check out Tbilisi (the capital and largest city), Mtskheta (the oldest city), Mountain Regions, and Cave Towns (Georgia, Uplistsikhe, David Gareja and Vardzia)...
http://wn.com/GREEN_Georgia
We take a look at Georgia's newest Borjomi Kharagauli National Park! Also check out Tbilisi (the capital and largest city), Mtskheta (the oldest city), Mountain Regions, and Cave Towns (Georgia, Uplistsikhe, David Gareja and Vardzia)...
- published: 04 Dec 2007
- views: 12744
- author: TravelChannelVOD
Travel Advisor "Summer in Georgia"
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 1:00
- Updated: 28 Feb 2013
georgia.travel www.facebook.com travel in georgia "Summer in Georgia" Travel Guide, travel advisor, places to visit in Georgia, map of Georgia,getaways in Georgia, georgia turism, georgia country, georgia, best travel, budget travel, travel and leisure, world travel, travel agent,
http://wn.com/Travel_Advisor_Summer_in_Georgia
georgia.travel www.facebook.com travel in georgia "Summer in Georgia" Travel Guide, travel advisor, places to visit in Georgia, map of Georgia,getaways in Georgia, georgia turism, georgia country, georgia, best travel, budget travel, travel and leisure, world travel, travel agent,
- published: 12 Jul 2010
- views: 14475
- author: WelcomeToGeorgia
Georgia Cyclone Wooden Roller Coaster POV - Six Flags Over Georgia, GA
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:26
- Updated: 19 Feb 2013
Georgia Cyclone Wooden Roller Coaster POV - Six Flags Over Georgia, GA
http://wn.com/Georgia_Cyclone_Wooden_Roller_Coaster_POV_Six_Flags_Over_Georgia,_GA
Georgia Cyclone Wooden Roller Coaster POV - Six Flags Over Georgia, GA
- published: 24 Mar 2010
- views: 38115
- author: themeparkreviewTPR
Georgia Tourism Video
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 4:05
- Updated: 23 Feb 2013
From the majestic mountains of the north to the beautiful beaches and marshes along the southeastern coast to Atlanta's soaring skyline and charming town squares. From scenic trails, rolling rivers and lovely lakes to pristine parklands and inspiring historic sites- get out and Explore Georgia. This video highlights just a few of Georgia's attractions and renowned destinations. For more information and to start planning your next Georgia vacation visit www.ExploreGeorgia.org Follow us at twitter.com and www.facebook.com
http://wn.com/Georgia_Tourism_Video
From the majestic mountains of the north to the beautiful beaches and marshes along the southeastern coast to Atlanta's soaring skyline and charming town squares. From scenic trails, rolling rivers and lovely lakes to pristine parklands and inspiring historic sites- get out and Explore Georgia. This video highlights just a few of Georgia's attractions and renowned destinations. For more information and to start planning your next Georgia vacation visit www.ExploreGeorgia.org Follow us at twitter.com and www.facebook.com
- published: 04 Feb 2010
- views: 31915
- author: GeorgiaExplorer
SIGNAGI TBILISI GEORGIA Travel Company Georgian Travel Service
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 0:40
- Updated: 01 Mar 2013
Sighnaghi (Signagi) (Georgian: სიღნაღი) is a town in Georgia's easternmost region of Kakheti and the administrative center of the Sighnaghi District. It is one of the country's smallest towns with a population of 2146 as of the 2002 census.[2] Sighnaghi's economy is dominated by the production of wine, traditional carpets and Georgian traditional food Mcvadi. The town and its environs are also known for their landscapes and historical monuments. Sighnaghi has recently undergone a fundamental reconstruction program and has become an important center of Georgia's tourist industry.
http://wn.com/SIGNAGI_TBILISI_GEORGIA_Travel_Company_Georgian_Travel_Service
Sighnaghi (Signagi) (Georgian: სიღნაღი) is a town in Georgia's easternmost region of Kakheti and the administrative center of the Sighnaghi District. It is one of the country's smallest towns with a population of 2146 as of the 2002 census.[2] Sighnaghi's economy is dominated by the production of wine, traditional carpets and Georgian traditional food Mcvadi. The town and its environs are also known for their landscapes and historical monuments. Sighnaghi has recently undergone a fundamental reconstruction program and has become an important center of Georgia's tourist industry.
- published: 01 Mar 2013
- views: 1
- author: David Zautashvili
Georgia: Resort Gudauri
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 4:59
- Updated: 18 Dec 2012
Georgia: Resort Gudauri!
http://wn.com/Georgia_Resort_Gudauri
Welcome to Georgia
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 4:00
- Updated: 21 Feb 2013
For more information please visit: www.investingeorgia.org www.georgia.travel www.georgia.gov.ge
http://wn.com/Welcome_to_Georgia
For more information please visit: www.investingeorgia.org www.georgia.travel www.georgia.gov.ge
- published: 06 Jun 2010
- views: 18791
- author: investingeorgia
GEORGIA Fantastic Country - საქართველო
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 4:00
- Updated: 17 Feb 2013
Paradise small country, all in one: anciant city, wonderful skiing resort, beautiful seaside, amazing mountain nature. Download better quality video file: rapidshare.com or PowerPoint SlideShow file: rapidshare.com
http://wn.com/GEORGIA_Fantastic_Country_საქართველო
Paradise small country, all in one: anciant city, wonderful skiing resort, beautiful seaside, amazing mountain nature. Download better quality video file: rapidshare.com or PowerPoint SlideShow file: rapidshare.com
- published: 18 Apr 2007
- views: 46209
- author: Mamuka Machaidze
St. Simons Island, GA: Villa de Suenos
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 9:39
- Updated: 29 Jan 2013
Stunning St. Simons Island, GA ocean front vacation property available from www.stsimonsbeachrentals.com. 6 Bedrooms- sleeps 15.
http://wn.com/St_Simons_Island,_GA_Villa_de_Suenos
Stunning St. Simons Island, GA ocean front vacation property available from www.stsimonsbeachrentals.com. 6 Bedrooms- sleeps 15.
- published: 28 Jun 2009
- views: 9908
- author: ssbrllc
Georgia - Cradle of wine
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 2:50
- Updated: 09 Feb 2013
Wine has a rich history dating back to around 6000 BC and is thought to have originated in areas now within the borders of Georgia. Wine probably appeared in Europe at about 4500 BC in what is now Bulgaria, and Greece, and was very common in ancient Greece, Thrace and Rome. Wine has also played an important role in religion throughout history. The Greek god Dionysus and the Roman equivalent Bacchus represented wine, and the drink is also used in Catholic Eucharist ceremonies and the Jewish Kiddush. For more information please visit: www.georgia.travel www.investingeorgia.org www.georgia.gov.ge
http://wn.com/Georgia_Cradle_of_wine
Wine has a rich history dating back to around 6000 BC and is thought to have originated in areas now within the borders of Georgia. Wine probably appeared in Europe at about 4500 BC in what is now Bulgaria, and Greece, and was very common in ancient Greece, Thrace and Rome. Wine has also played an important role in religion throughout history. The Greek god Dionysus and the Roman equivalent Bacchus represented wine, and the drink is also used in Catholic Eucharist ceremonies and the Jewish Kiddush. For more information please visit: www.georgia.travel www.investingeorgia.org www.georgia.gov.ge
- published: 10 Jun 2010
- views: 6783
- author: MrRezzi
Tbilisi , capital of Georgia. part I
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:04
- Updated: 21 Jan 2013
Tbilisi , capital of Georgia. part I
http://wn.com/Tbilisi_,_capital_of_Georgia_part_I
Georgia!! Must see!!!
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 9:27
- Updated: 06 Nov 2012
http://wn.com/Georgia!!_Must_see!!!
Historic Downtown Savannah, GA Tour
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 4:42
- Updated: 28 Feb 2013
Historic downtown Savannah located along the Savannah River has many not to be missed sites and terrific architecture.
http://wn.com/Historic_Downtown_Savannah,_GA_Tour
Historic downtown Savannah located along the Savannah River has many not to be missed sites and terrific architecture.
- published: 16 Jan 2011
- views: 16402
- author: wworldp
Earthship Georgia
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 5:52
- Updated: 27 Feb 2013
fun, sweat and power tools for the future
http://wn.com/Earthship_Georgia
Monster Mansion Six Flags Over Georgia
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 5:19
- Updated: 20 Feb 2013
A full on ride video of Monster Mansion. Monster Mansion, formally known as Monster Plantation, just reopened late May 2009 with new lighting, sound, characters, and new effects.
http://wn.com/Monster_Mansion_Six_Flags_Over_Georgia
A full on ride video of Monster Mansion. Monster Mansion, formally known as Monster Plantation, just reopened late May 2009 with new lighting, sound, characters, and new effects.
- published: 27 May 2009
- views: 57733
- author: TPRErik
Savannah GA
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 5:54
- Updated: 25 Feb 2013
www.VisitSavannah.com Welcome to Savannah GA Est. 1733. This much-celebrated destination has been enticing visitors with her sultry ambiance, striking beauty and old-world charm for centuries. From the elegances of the Landmark Historic District to the festivities of River Street, visitors delight in all this coastal jewel has to offer. Waiting to charm you with tree-filled squares and perfectly preserved historic building, Savannah mesmerizes you with the past and her unforgettable natural beauty. Situated on Georgias coast in the mist of the delightful Lowcountry region that includes Tybee Island - Savannahs Beach, Savannah is ready to embrace you with genteel warmth and Southern hospitality. Savannah is pleased to be recognized by the following national and international publications "Top Destination Award" - Facilities & Destinations Magazine, March 2009 "15 Coolest Cities in North America" - MSN.com, February 2009 "Best Romantic Getaway" - Travel + Leisure Magazine, February 2009 "Best Southern City" - Southern Living Magazine, January 2009 "Top 10 American Travel Destination" - Conde Nast Traveler Magazine, August 2008 "Top 10 Cities in the US and Canada" - Travel + Leisure Magazine, July 2008 "Gold Service Award" - Meetings & Conventions Magazine, July 2008 "Top 25 City for the Arts" - American Style Magazine, May 2008 "50 Great Cities to Visit in America" - London Daily Telegraph, March 2008
http://wn.com/Savannah_GA
www.VisitSavannah.com Welcome to Savannah GA Est. 1733. This much-celebrated destination has been enticing visitors with her sultry ambiance, striking beauty and old-world charm for centuries. From the elegances of the Landmark Historic District to the festivities of River Street, visitors delight in all this coastal jewel has to offer. Waiting to charm you with tree-filled squares and perfectly preserved historic building, Savannah mesmerizes you with the past and her unforgettable natural beauty. Situated on Georgias coast in the mist of the delightful Lowcountry region that includes Tybee Island - Savannahs Beach, Savannah is ready to embrace you with genteel warmth and Southern hospitality. Savannah is pleased to be recognized by the following national and international publications "Top Destination Award" - Facilities & Destinations Magazine, March 2009 "15 Coolest Cities in North America" - MSN.com, February 2009 "Best Romantic Getaway" - Travel + Leisure Magazine, February 2009 "Best Southern City" - Southern Living Magazine, January 2009 "Top 10 American Travel Destination" - Conde Nast Traveler Magazine, August 2008 "Top 10 Cities in the US and Canada" - Travel + Leisure Magazine, July 2008 "Gold Service Award" - Meetings & Conventions Magazine, July 2008 "Top 25 City for the Arts" - American Style Magazine, May 2008 "50 Great Cities to Visit in America" - London Daily Telegraph, March 2008
- published: 01 Apr 2010
- views: 175322
- author: SavannahEst1733
Six Flags Over Georgia - Fright Fest 2010: Bad Bob the Bone Butcher (Part 1)
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 12:39
- Updated: 15 Oct 2012
http://wn.com/Six_Flags_Over_Georgia_Fright_Fest_2010_Bad_Bob_the_Bone_Butcher_Part_1
Hinesville Georgia
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 1:55
- Updated: 02 Feb 2013
Just passing through Hinesvile Georgia.
http://wn.com/Hinesville_Georgia
Georgia, Svaneti by georgianholidays.com
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:21
- Updated: 15 Feb 2013
The mountainous region of Svaneti in the northwestern part of Georgia is one of the most remote and inaccessible regions of the country. Svaneti retains a pristine medieval quality. This sense of time warp, combined with the grandeur of the natural setting, makes a trip to Svaneti well worth the effort no matter how difficult it may be to get there. The Svans are indigenous Georgians and speak their own language mostly spoken at home and socially. The harsh climate and mountainous landscape of the region are the principal factors behind the Svanetian character. They are proud, laconic people who find the virtue in a certain austerity and stoicism. Hunters and alpinists are the most respected members of the community. Svans in no way remiss in the practice of traditional Georgian hospitality. Ushguli is the highest permanently inhabited village in Europe, located in Svaneti, at the feet of Shkhara, one of the highest Caucasian summits. About 70 families, approximately 250 people live in the village, which dates back more than 2000 years. For 6 winter months, snow covers the whole place and often the road to Mestia is closed. However, a small school is always open and life goes on. Over 20 medieval typical Svanetian protective towers are found throughout the Ushguli with goats, pigs and cows happily mingling with the local population on the narrow cobbled lanes. There is an Ethnographic Museum in a tower located in the center of the settlement containing the first-rate ...
http://wn.com/Georgia,_Svaneti_by_georgianholidayscom
The mountainous region of Svaneti in the northwestern part of Georgia is one of the most remote and inaccessible regions of the country. Svaneti retains a pristine medieval quality. This sense of time warp, combined with the grandeur of the natural setting, makes a trip to Svaneti well worth the effort no matter how difficult it may be to get there. The Svans are indigenous Georgians and speak their own language mostly spoken at home and socially. The harsh climate and mountainous landscape of the region are the principal factors behind the Svanetian character. They are proud, laconic people who find the virtue in a certain austerity and stoicism. Hunters and alpinists are the most respected members of the community. Svans in no way remiss in the practice of traditional Georgian hospitality. Ushguli is the highest permanently inhabited village in Europe, located in Svaneti, at the feet of Shkhara, one of the highest Caucasian summits. About 70 families, approximately 250 people live in the village, which dates back more than 2000 years. For 6 winter months, snow covers the whole place and often the road to Mestia is closed. However, a small school is always open and life goes on. Over 20 medieval typical Svanetian protective towers are found throughout the Ushguli with goats, pigs and cows happily mingling with the local population on the narrow cobbled lanes. There is an Ethnographic Museum in a tower located in the center of the settlement containing the first-rate ...
- published: 15 Mar 2009
- views: 11439
- author: GeorgianHolidays
Georgia Scorcher Front Row on-ride HD POV Six Flags Over Georgia
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 2:33
- Updated: 05 Jan 2013
This is a fun stand-up coaster that has loads of great elements & is actually quite comfortable. Watch in high definition.
http://wn.com/Georgia_Scorcher_Front_Row_on-ride_HD_POV_Six_Flags_Over_Georgia
This is a fun stand-up coaster that has loads of great elements & is actually quite comfortable. Watch in high definition.
- published: 02 Nov 2010
- views: 19503
- author: wwwCOASTERFORCEcom
GEORGIA ♥ Pearl of Caucasus HD
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 4:07
- Updated: 28 Feb 2013
music: Chabuka Amiranashvili - Svani. Vocal:Tsiuri Mchedlidze.
http://wn.com/GEORGIA_♥_Pearl_of_Caucasus_HD
music: Chabuka Amiranashvili - Svani. Vocal:Tsiuri Mchedlidze.
- published: 18 Sep 2011
- views: 134814
- author: GeoMartial
![I-185 South (Columbus, Georgia) [HD]](http://web.archive.org./web/20130301064042im_/http://i.ytimg.com/vi/1ABMNeoZ9LY/default.jpg "I-185 South (Columbus, Georgia) [HD]")
I-185 South (Columbus, Georgia) [HD]
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 7:10
- Updated: 15 Nov 2012
This video follows I-185 southbound from just north of exit 12 (Williams Road/Welcome Center) to just north of the Fort Benning Army Reservation at exit 1 (US 27/280 - Cusseta, Ga./Albany).
http://wn.com/I-185_South_Columbus,_Georgia_HD_
This video follows I-185 southbound from just north of exit 12 (Williams Road/Welcome Center) to just north of the Fort Benning Army Reservation at exit 1 (US 27/280 - Cusseta, Ga./Albany).
- published: 16 Dec 2010
- views: 3286
- author: Bryant5493
9:31
Liberty Hostel, Vilnius Park and tourist attractions in Tbilisi, Georgia...
Welcome to our Liberty Hostel. Liberty Hostel is a budget hostel for backpacker tourists, ...
published: 29 Jun 2012
author: funworldstar
Liberty Hostel, Vilnius Park and tourist attractions in Tbilisi, Georgia...
Welcome to our Liberty Hostel. Liberty Hostel is a budget hostel for backpacker tourists, situated in Niavghari 6, Tbilisi, just under the Tram Furnikulor on the top of the prestigious Mtatsminda and close to the Old Tbilisi, Freedom Square and other tourist attractions. There is a spectacular view of Tbilisi from our hotel rooms and from a large balcony. Our hostel welcomes all tourists, young and old, budget ones and well established. We guarantee a good service to our tourist guests. Address: 0108 Tbilisi, Georgia, Niaghvari str. №6 Email: libertyhostel@hotmail.com www.liberty-hostel.com Tbilisi (Georgian: თბილისი [tʰb̥ilisi] ( listen)) is the capital and the largest city of Georgia, lying on the banks of the Kura River. The name is derived from an early Georgian form T'pilisi (ტფილისი) and it was officially known as Tpilisi (in Georgian) or Tiflis (in Russian) until 1936.[1] The city covers an area of 726 km2 (280 sq mi) and has 1480000 inhabitants. Founded in the 5th century by Vakhtang Gorgasali, the monarch of Georgia's precursor Kingdom of Iberia, Tbilisi has served, with various intervals, as Georgia's capital for nearly 1500 years and represents a significant industrial, social, and cultural center of the country. Located near the southeastern edge of Europe, Tbilisi's proximity to lucrative east-west trade routes often made the city a point of contention between various rival empires throughout history and the city's location to this day ensures ...
- published: 29 Jun 2012
- views: 97
- author: funworldstar
9:49
In the heart of Tbilisi, the capital of Georgia...
In the heart of Tbilisi, the capital of Georgia, the country which is as European as any o...
published: 10 May 2012
author: funworldstar
In the heart of Tbilisi, the capital of Georgia...
In the heart of Tbilisi, the capital of Georgia, the country which is as European as any other European country, with strongly pulsating warm Christian heart... Welcome to our Liberty Hostel. Liberty Hostel is a budget hostel for backpacker tourists, situated in Niavghari 6, Tbilisi, just under the Tram Furnikulor on the top of the prestigious Mtasminda and close to the Old Tbilisi and other tourist attractions. There is a spectacular view of Tbilisi from our hotel rooms and from a large balcony. Our hostel welcomes all tourists, young and old, budget ones and well established. We guarantee a good service to our tourist guests. Address: 0108 Tbilisi, Georgia, Niaghvari str. №6 Mobile: (+995) 599 92 03 53, Email: libertyhostel@hotmail.com See our website: www.liberty-hostel.com
- published: 10 May 2012
- views: 2708
- author: funworldstar
3:50
Wonders of Old Tbilisi: West meets East...
Old Tbilisi (Georgian: ძველი თბილისი, dzveli t'bilisi) is an administrative district (raio...
published: 23 Jun 2012
author: funworldstar
Wonders of Old Tbilisi: West meets East...
Old Tbilisi (Georgian: ძველი თბილისი, dzveli t'bilisi) is an administrative district (raioni) in Tbilisi, capital of Georgia. Although the term "Old Tbilisi" has long been used to denote a historical part of the city, it was only in 2007 that it became a distinct administrative entity to incorporate several historical neighborhoods formerly included in the districts of Mtatsminda-Krtsanisi, Isani-Samgori, and Didube-Chughureti. Old Tbilisi is principally centered on what is commonly referred to as the Tbilisi Historic District, which, due to its significant architectural and urban value, as well as the threat to its survival, was previously listed on the World Monuments Watch (1998, 2000, 2002).[1] The district is located on the both sides of the Mtkvari River and is dominated by Mount Mtatsminda, Narikala fortress and the Kartlis Deda monument. It chiefly represents a 19th-century urban fabric with largely eclectic architecture which includes the buildings and structures from the 5th to the 20th century. However, most of the pre-19th century city did not survive due to the devastating Persian invasion of 1795. The district houses a bulk of the tourist attractions in Tbilisi, including churches, museums, sulphur bathhouses, and peculiar wooden houses with open, carved balconies. In the 19th century, the core territory of the modern-day district of Old Tbilisi was tentatively subdivided into ethnic neighborhoods such as Avlabari with its Armenian and Georgian ...
- published: 23 Jun 2012
- views: 159
- author: funworldstar
9:53
Welcome to Tbilisi, Georgia...
Welcome to our Liberty Hostel. Liberty Hostel is a budget hostel for backpacker tourists, ...
published: 08 Jul 2012
author: funworldstar
Welcome to Tbilisi, Georgia...
Welcome to our Liberty Hostel. Liberty Hostel is a budget hostel for backpacker tourists, situated in Niavghari 6, Tbilisi, just under the Tram Furnikulor on the top of the prestigious Mtatsminda and close to the Old Tbilisi, Freedom Square and other tourist attractions. There is a spectacular view of Tbilisi from our hotel rooms and from a large balcony. Our hostel welcomes all tourists, young and old, budget ones and well established. We guarantee a good service to our tourist guests. Address: 0108 Tbilisi, Georgia, Niaghvari str. №6 Email: libertyhostel@hotmail.com www.liberty-hostel.com www.liberty-hostel.com www.liberty-hostel.com www.facebook.com *** Tbilisi (Georgian: თბილისი [tʰb̥ilisi] ( listen)) is the capital and the largest city of Georgia, lying on the banks of the Kura River. The name is derived from an early Georgian form T'pilisi (ტფილისი) and it was officially known as Tpilisi (in Georgian) or Tiflis (in Russian) until 1936.[1] The city covers an area of 726 km2 (280 sq mi) and has 1480000 inhabitants. Founded in the 5th century by Vakhtang Gorgasali, the monarch of Georgia's precursor Kingdom of Iberia, Tbilisi has served, with various intervals, as Georgia's capital for nearly 1500 years and represents a significant industrial, social, and cultural center of the country. Located near the southeastern edge of Europe, Tbilisi's proximity to lucrative east-west trade routes often made the city a point of contention between various rival ...
- published: 08 Jul 2012
- views: 18432
- author: funworldstar
4:23
Old Tbilisi, the tourist Mekka. Filmed by Tadeusz Hutyra...
Old Tbilisi (Georgian: ძველი თბილისი, dzveli t'bilisi) is an administrative district (raio...
published: 22 Jun 2012
author: funworldstar
Old Tbilisi, the tourist Mekka. Filmed by Tadeusz Hutyra...
Old Tbilisi (Georgian: ძველი თბილისი, dzveli t'bilisi) is an administrative district (raioni) in Tbilisi, capital of Georgia. Although the term "Old Tbilisi" has long been used to denote a historical part of the city, it was only in 2007 that it became a distinct administrative entity to incorporate several historical neighborhoods formerly included in the districts of Mtatsminda-Krtsanisi, Isani-Samgori, and Didube-Chughureti. Old Tbilisi is principally centered on what is commonly referred to as the Tbilisi Historic District, which, due to its significant architectural and urban value, as well as the threat to its survival, was previously listed on the World Monuments Watch (1998, 2000, 2002).[1] The district is located on the both sides of the Mtkvari River and is dominated by Mount Mtatsminda, Narikala fortress and the Kartlis Deda monument. It chiefly represents a 19th-century urban fabric with largely eclectic architecture which includes the buildings and structures from the 5th to the 20th century. However, most of the pre-19th century city did not survive due to the devastating Persian invasion of 1795. The district houses a bulk of the tourist attractions in Tbilisi, including churches, museums, sulphur bathhouses, and peculiar wooden houses with open, carved balconies. In the 19th century, the core territory of the modern-day district of Old Tbilisi was tentatively subdivided into ethnic neighborhoods such as Avlabari with its Armenian and Georgian ...
- published: 22 Jun 2012
- views: 333
- author: funworldstar
4:51
Polscy motocyklisci wyruszajacy w kolejna trase po milym pobycie w hostelu Liberty w Tbilisi...
Welcome to our Liberty Hostel. Liberty Hostel is a budget hostel for backpacker tourists, ...
published: 28 Jul 2012
author: funworldstar
Polscy motocyklisci wyruszajacy w kolejna trase po milym pobycie w hostelu Liberty w Tbilisi...
Welcome to our Liberty Hostel. Liberty Hostel is a budget hostel for backpacker tourists, situated in Niavghari 6, Tbilisi, just under the Tram Furnikulor on the top of the prestigious Mtatsminda and close to the Old Tbilisi, Freedom Square and other tourist attractions. There is a spectacular view of Tbilisi from our hotel rooms and from a large balcony. Our hostel welcomes all tourists, young and old, budget ones and well established. We guarantee a good service to our tourist guests. Address: 0108 Tbilisi, Georgia, Niaghvari str. №6 Email: libertyhostel@hotmail.com www.liberty-hostel.com www.liberty-hostel.com www.liberty-hostel.com www.facebook.com *** Polish tourists on their motorcycles, all the way from Poland via Ukraine and Russia to Georgia and Armenia, staying for a while at Liberty Hostel in Tbilisi, Georgia / Polscy turysci podrozujacy na motorcyklach na trasie Polska, Ukraina, Rosja, Gruzja i Armenia. Nocowali pare dni w hostelu Liberty i milo wspominajacy czas spedzony w tym hostelu....
- published: 28 Jul 2012
- views: 264
- author: funworldstar
9:47
Old Tbilisi at night, the magnificient splendours...
Welcome to our Liberty Hostel. Liberty Hostel is a budget hostel for backpacker tourists, ...
published: 01 Jul 2012
author: funworldstar
Old Tbilisi at night, the magnificient splendours...
Welcome to our Liberty Hostel. Liberty Hostel is a budget hostel for backpacker tourists, situated in Niavghari 6, Tbilisi, just under the Tram Furnikulor on the top of the prestigious Mtatsminda and close to the Old Tbilisi, Freedom Square and other tourist attractions. There is a spectacular view of Tbilisi from our hotel rooms and from a large balcony. Our hostel welcomes all tourists, young and old, budget ones and well established. We guarantee a good service to our tourist guests. Address: 0108 Tbilisi, Georgia, Niaghvari str. №6 Email: libertyhostel@hotmail.com www.liberty-hostel.com Tbilisi (Georgian: თბილისი [tʰb̥ilisi] ( listen)) is the capital and the largest city of Georgia, lying on the banks of the Kura River. The name is derived from an early Georgian form T'pilisi (ტფილისი) and it was officially known as Tpilisi (in Georgian) or Tiflis (in Russian) until 1936.[1] The city covers an area of 726 km2 (280 sq mi) and has 1480000 inhabitants. Founded in the 5th century by Vakhtang Gorgasali, the monarch of Georgia's precursor Kingdom of Iberia, Tbilisi has served, with various intervals, as Georgia's capital for nearly 1500 years and represents a significant industrial, social, and cultural center of the country. Located near the southeastern edge of Europe, Tbilisi's proximity to lucrative east-west trade routes often made the city a point of contention between various rival empires throughout history and the city's location to this day ensures ...
- published: 01 Jul 2012
- views: 679
- author: funworldstar
9:17
Music and fun at Liberty Hostel Tbilisi...
Welcome to our Liberty Hostel. Liberty Hostel is a budget hostel for backpacker tourists, ...
published: 29 Jul 2012
author: funworldstar
Music and fun at Liberty Hostel Tbilisi...
Welcome to our Liberty Hostel. Liberty Hostel is a budget hostel for backpacker tourists, situated in Niavghari 6, Tbilisi, just under the Tram Furnikulor on the top of the prestigious Mtatsminda and close to the Old Tbilisi, Freedom Square and other tourist attractions. There is a spectacular view of Tbilisi from our hotel rooms and from a large balcony. Our hostel welcomes all tourists, young and old, budget ones and well established. We guarantee a good service to our tourist guests. Address: 0108 Tbilisi, Georgia, Niaghvari str. №6 Email: libertyhostel@hotmail.com www.liberty-hostel.com www.liberty-hostel.com www.liberty-hostel.com www.facebook.com
- published: 29 Jul 2012
- views: 53
- author: funworldstar
9:48
Tango of Tbilisi, a night portrayal of the Old Tbilisi...
Welcome to our Liberty Hostel. Liberty Hostel is a budget hostel for backpacker tourists, ...
published: 02 Jul 2012
author: funworldstar
Tango of Tbilisi, a night portrayal of the Old Tbilisi...
Welcome to our Liberty Hostel. Liberty Hostel is a budget hostel for backpacker tourists, situated in Niavghari 6, Tbilisi, just under the Tram Furnikulor on the top of the prestigious Mtatsminda and close to the Old Tbilisi, Freedom Square and other tourist attractions. There is a spectacular view of Tbilisi from our hotel rooms and from a large balcony. Our hostel welcomes all tourists, young and old, budget ones and well established. We guarantee a good service to our tourist guests. Address: 0108 Tbilisi, Georgia, Niaghvari str. №6 Email: libertyhostel@hotmail.com www.liberty-hostel.com www.facebook.com Old Tbilisi (Georgian: ძველი თბილისი, dzveli t'bilisi) is an administrative district (raioni) in Tbilisi, capital of Georgia. Although the term "Old Tbilisi" has long been used to denote a historical part of the city, it was only in 2007 that it became a distinct administrative entity to incorporate several historical neighborhoods formerly included in the districts of Mtatsminda-Krtsanisi, Isani-Samgori, and Didube-Chughureti. Old Tbilisi is principally centered on what is commonly referred to as the Tbilisi Historic District, which, due to its significant architectural and urban value, as well as the threat to its survival, was previously listed on the World Monuments Watch (1998, 2000, 2002).[1] The district is located on the both sides of the Mtkvari River and is dominated by Mount Mtatsminda, Narikala fortress and the Kartlis Deda monument. It chiefly ...
- published: 02 Jul 2012
- views: 808
- author: funworldstar
8:45
A piano concert at Liberty Hostel Tbilisi...
Welcome to our Liberty Hostel. Liberty Hostel is a budget hostel for backpacker tourists, ...
published: 26 Aug 2012
author: Teddyland
A piano concert at Liberty Hostel Tbilisi...
Welcome to our Liberty Hostel. Liberty Hostel is a budget hostel for backpacker tourists, situated in Niavghari 6, Tbilisi, just under the Tram Furnikulor on the top of the prestigious Mtatsminda and close to the Old Tbilisi, Freedom Square and other tourist attractions. There is a spectacular view of Tbilisi from our hotel rooms and from a large balcony. Our hostel welcomes all tourists, young and old, budget ones and well established. We guarantee a good service to our tourist guests. Address: 0108 Tbilisi, Georgia, Niaghvari str. №6 Email: libertyhostel@hotmail.com www.facebook.com www.facebook.com
- published: 26 Aug 2012
- views: 79
- author: Teddyland
94:19
Portrayal of Georgia / Portret Gruzji...
A portrayal of Georgia by www.funworld.be / Portret Gruzji, www.funworld.be *** Welcome to...
published: 02 Sep 2012
author: funworldstar
Portrayal of Georgia / Portret Gruzji...
A portrayal of Georgia by www.funworld.be / Portret Gruzji, www.funworld.be *** Welcome to our Liberty Hostel. Liberty Hostel is a budget hostel for backpacker tourists, situated in Niavghari 6, Tbilisi, just under the Tram Furnikulor on the top of the prestigious Mtatsminda and close to the Old Tbilisi, Freedom Square and other tourist attractions. There is a spectacular view of Tbilisi from our hotel rooms and from a large balcony. Our hostel welcomes all tourists, young and old, budget ones and well established. We guarantee a good service to our tourist guests. Address: 0108 Tbilisi, Georgia, Niaghvari str. №6 Email: libertyhostel@hotmail.com www.liberty-hostel.com www.liberty-hostel.com www.liberty-hostel.com www.facebook.com www.facebook.com I created this video with the YouTube Video Editor (www.youtube.com
- published: 02 Sep 2012
- views: 85
- author: funworldstar
5:43
Welcome to Liberty Hostel in Tbilisi, Georgia...
Welcome to our Liberty Hostel. Liberty Hostel is a budget hostel for backpacker tourists, ...
published: 25 Jun 2012
author: funworldstar
Welcome to Liberty Hostel in Tbilisi, Georgia...
Welcome to our Liberty Hostel. Liberty Hostel is a budget hostel for backpacker tourists, situated in Niavghari 6, Tbilisi, just under the Tram Furnikulor on the top of the prestigious Mtatsminda and close to the Old Tbilisi, Freedom Square and other tourist attractions. There is a spectacular view of Tbilisi from our hotel rooms and from a large balcony. Our hostel welcomes all tourists, young and old, budget ones and well established. We guarantee a good service to our tourist guests. Address: 0108 Tbilisi, Georgia, Niaghvari str. №6 Email: libertyhostel@hotmail.com www.liberty-hostel.com Tbilisi (Georgian: თბილისი [tʰb̥ilisi] ( listen)) is the capital and the largest city of Georgia, lying on the banks of the Kura River. The name is derived from an early Georgian form T'pilisi (ტფილისი) and it was officially known as Tpilisi (in Georgian) or Tiflis (in Russian) until 1936.[1] The city covers an area of 726 km2 (280 sq mi) and has 1480000 inhabitants. Founded in the 5th century by Vakhtang Gorgasali, the monarch of Georgia's precursor Kingdom of Iberia, Tbilisi has served, with various intervals, as Georgia's capital for nearly 1500 years and represents a significant industrial, social, and cultural center of the country. Located near the southeastern edge of Europe, Tbilisi's proximity to lucrative east-west trade routes often made the city a point of contention between various rival empires throughout history and the city's location to this day ensures ...
- published: 25 Jun 2012
- views: 205
- author: funworldstar
9:21
Czech virtuozery in Georgia...
Welcome to our Liberty Hostel. Liberty Hostel is a budget hostel for backpacker tourists, ...
published: 29 Jul 2012
author: funworldstar
Czech virtuozery in Georgia...
Welcome to our Liberty Hostel. Liberty Hostel is a budget hostel for backpacker tourists, situated in Niavghari 6, Tbilisi, just under the Tram Furnikulor on the top of the prestigious Mtatsminda and close to the Old Tbilisi, Freedom Square and other tourist attractions. There is a spectacular view of Tbilisi from our hotel rooms and from a large balcony. Our hostel welcomes all tourists, young and old, budget ones and well established. We guarantee a good service to our tourist guests. Address: 0108 Tbilisi, Georgia, Niaghvari str. №6 Email: libertyhostel@hotmail.com www.liberty-hostel.com www.liberty-hostel.com www.liberty-hostel.com www.facebook.com *** Great piano performance by a traveller from the Czech Republic. The performance took place within Liberty Hostel in Tbilisi, Georgia...
- published: 29 Jul 2012
- views: 25
- author: funworldstar
7:44
Dedicated to Aleksander Pushkin, the great poet who loved Tbilisi and Georgia...
Welcome to our Liberty Hostel. Liberty Hostel is a budget hostel for backpacker tourists, ...
published: 02 Jul 2012
author: funworldstar
Dedicated to Aleksander Pushkin, the great poet who loved Tbilisi and Georgia...
Welcome to our Liberty Hostel. Liberty Hostel is a budget hostel for backpacker tourists, situated in Niavghari 6, Tbilisi, just under the Tram Furnikulor on the top of the prestigious Mtatsminda and close to the Old Tbilisi, Freedom Square and other tourist attractions. There is a spectacular view of Tbilisi from our hotel rooms and from a large balcony. Our hostel welcomes all tourists, young and old, budget ones and well established. We guarantee a good service to our tourist guests. Address: 0108 Tbilisi, Georgia, Niaghvari str. №6 Email: libertyhostel@hotmail.com www.liberty-hostel.com www.facebook.com Aleksander Pushkin, the greatest Russian poet of modern Russian literature loved Tbilisi and Georgia. He was a Russian author of the Romantic era[1] who is considered by many to be the greatest Russian poet and the founder of modern Russian literature. Born into the Russian nobility in Moscow, Pushkin published his first poem at the age of fifteen, and was widely recognized by the literary establishment by the time of his graduation from the Imperial Lyceum in Tsarskoye Selo. While under the strict surveillance of the Tsar's political police and unable to publish, Pushkin wrote his most famous play, the drama Boris Godunov. His novel in verse, Eugene Onegin, was serialized between 1825 and 1832. Notoriously touchy about his honour, Pushkin fought a total of twenty-nine duels, and was fatally wounded in such an encounter with Georges-Charles de Heeckeren d'Anthès. D ...
- published: 02 Jul 2012
- views: 205
- author: funworldstar
Vimeo results:
11:19
Stanley Pickle - FULL FILM ONLINE
Stanley's life runs like clockwork, until a chance encounter with a mysterious girl turns ...
published: 25 Aug 2011
author: Vicky Mather
Stanley Pickle - FULL FILM ONLINE
Stanley's life runs like clockwork, until a chance encounter with a mysterious girl turns his world upside down...
For all information about the film:
Short of the Week: http://www.shortoftheweek.com/2012/12/10/stanley-pickle/
Website: http://www.stanleypicklemovie.com
Facebook: http://www.facebook.com/pages/Stanley-Pickle-Film-2010/125239054175544
Twitter: http://www.twitter.com/stanleypickle
Available on iTunes Worldwide: https://itunes.apple.com/gb/movie/stanley-pickle/id531435151
Stanley Pickle is a short pixilation film shot entirely on a stills camera on 2 sets and 2 locations at the NFTS. The film premièred on to the festival circuit in June 2010 at the Edinburgh International Film Festival, where it picked up the McLaren Award for New British Animation, followed by Oscar qualification at the US première LA Shorts where the film won Best Experimental. After a whirlwind journey through 2011/12 greeting diverse festival audiences worldwide, humbled by winning many more awards, screening on Virgin Atlantic Flights, broadcast in France, Spain and the US, being part of BAFTA Brits to Watch and distributed on iTunes, it's great to be able to say the film is finally available to view online.
Winner of 33 International Awards:
Edinburgh International Film Festival 2010 (McLaren Award for New British Animation)
Chicago International Festival, USA 2010 (WINNER Best Animation) (Academy Recognized)
LAShorts International Film Festival 2010 (Best Experimental Short Film) (Academy recognized)
Raindance Film Festival, London 2010 (Best UK Short)
Festival du Film Britannique de Dinard 2010 (Prix Du Mielleur Court Metrage)
Cinanima Film Festival, Portugal 2010 (Best Student Film)
KROK International Animated Film Festival, Russia 2010 (Best Graduation Film)
The Golden Kuker, Bulgaria, 2010 (Best Short Between 10- 20 minutes)
E-Magiciens The European Young Digital Design Conference
2010 (Canal+ award)
Metropolitan Film Festival, New York 2010, (Best Animation)
Jury Choice- 1st Prize Black Maria Film and Video Festival 2011
Verna Fields Award in Sound Editing 58th MPSE Awards for Dario Swade 2011
Best Animated Short Omaha Film Festival 2011
Best Short + Grand Jury Prize at San Diego Indiefest 2011
Best Student Production Post Grad Award at Learning on Screen Conference, London 2011
Short Wave Award, Monstra Animation Festival Portugal 2011
Vision Innovation Award, New York Digital Short Film Festival 2011
Best Student Film ECU Paris 2011
Best Short Film Arizona international Film Festival 2011
Outstanding Achievement in Short Film Making Newport Beach Film Festival 2011
Best Animation Seattle True Independent Film Festival 2011
Best Short + Best Sound Design DMVIFF Washington DC 2011
Anca Award Fest Anca Slovakia 2011
Outstanding Visual Achievement Van D'or Awards, Cannes in a Van 2011
Best Short Film Wild Rose Independent Film Festival 2011
Distinctive Achievement in Costume Wild Rose Independent Film Festival 2011
Distinctive Achievement in Editing Wild Rose Independent Film Festival 2011
Distinctive Achievement in Animation Wild Rose Independent Film Festival 2011
Best Cinematography Seattle Short Film Festival 2011
Best Animation or Experimental Film Tbilisi Student Film Fest Georgia 2012
Best Experimental at Calaveras International Film Festival California 2012
0:40
Tbilisi Open Air - Music Breaks Free
published: 09 May 2009
author: Irakli Matkava
Tbilisi Open Air - Music Breaks Free
3:19
Wedding video - Tbilisi, Georgia
Video and photo services. Tbilisi, Gerogia. Tel: +995 557 552828
ფოტო და ვიდეო გადაღება T...
published: 01 Jul 2011
author: Roman 4nord
Wedding video - Tbilisi, Georgia
Video and photo services. Tbilisi, Gerogia. Tel: +995 557 552828
ფოტო და ვიდეო გადაღება Tbilisi, Gerogia. Tel: +995 555 97-66-84
18:44
RideThePlanet: Georgia
The second movie of season-2012 from russian RideThePlanet freeride media project.
It was ...
published: 26 Feb 2012
author: Konstantin Galat
RideThePlanet: Georgia
The second movie of season-2012 from russian RideThePlanet freeride media project.
It was shot in Feb 2012 in the mountains of Georgian Caucasus - Gudauri and Svanetia regions.
Freeriders: Alexander Baidaev, Konstantin Galat, Igor Ilynykh, Oxana Chekulaeva and Veronika Sorokina.
Camera: Oleg Kolmovskiy, Konstantin Galat, Daria Pudenko.
Photographers: Konstantin Galat, Daria Pudenko.
Post-production: Oleg Kolmovskiy & Konstantin Galat.
Music: Kuba, Mgzavrebi, Astra*, Kepi Ghoulie, Davit Kenchiashvili, On-The-Go, Duckfaces, Manicure
Второй фильм сезона-2012 российского фрирайд-проекта RideThePlanet.
Фильм снят в Грузии, на Кавказе, в регионах Гудаури и Верхняя Сванетия в феврале 2012.
Райдеры: Александр Байдаев, Константин Галат, Игорь Ильиных, Оксана Чекулаева, Вероника Сорокина.
Операторы: Олег Колмовский, Константин Галат, Дарья Пуденко.
Фотографы: Константин Галат, Дарья Пуденко.
Монтаж и post-production: Олег Колмовский & Константин Галат.
Музыка: Kuba, Mgzavrebi, Astra*, Kepi Ghoulie, Davit Kenchiashvili, On-The-Go, Duckfaces, Manicure
(c)RideThePlanet
http://www.ridetheplanet.ru
Youtube results:
3:25
Magnificient Rustaveli Avenue, one of the main streets in Tbilisi, Georgia...
Rustaveli Avenue - (formerly known as Golovin Street) is an avenue in central Tbilisi name...
published: 20 Jun 2012
author: funworldstar
Magnificient Rustaveli Avenue, one of the main streets in Tbilisi, Georgia...
Rustaveli Avenue - (formerly known as Golovin Street) is an avenue in central Tbilisi named after the medieval Georgian poet, Shota Rustaveli. The Avenue starts at Freedom Square and extends for about 1.5 km in length, before it turns into an extension of Kostavas Kucha (Kostava Street). Rustaveli is often considered as the main thoroughfare of Tbilisi due to a large number of governmental, public, cultural, and business buildings that are located along or near the Avenue. The Parliament of Georgia, Kashveti Church, the Simon Janashia Museum of Georgia (part of the Georgian National Museum), the Tbilisi Opera and Ballet Theatre, the Rustaveli State Academic Theater, the Rustaveli Museum, and the Georgian Academy of Sciences, among others, are all located on Rustaveli. The thoroughfare is served by the Tbilisi Metro and buses. In 1989, tens of thousands of Georgians gathered before the House of Government on Rustaveli Avenue. An attack by the Soviet spetsnaz forces killed many protesters in the April 9 tragedy. In 2007, the avenue was site of anti-government protests. Welcome to our Liberty Hostel. Liberty Hostel is a budget hostel for backpacker tourists, situated in Niavghari 6, Tbilisi, just under the Tram Furnikulor on the top of the prestigious Mtasminda and close to the Old Tbilisi, Freedom Square and other tourist attractions. There is spectacular view of Tbilisi from our hotel rooms and from a large balcony. Our hostel welcomes all tourists, young and old, budget ...
- published: 20 Jun 2012
- views: 548
- author: funworldstar
9:49
A concert at Liberty Hostel Tbilisi...
Welcome to our Liberty Hostel. Liberty Hostel is a budget hostel for backpacker tourists, ...
published: 04 Aug 2012
author: funworldstar
A concert at Liberty Hostel Tbilisi...
Welcome to our Liberty Hostel. Liberty Hostel is a budget hostel for backpacker tourists, situated in Niavghari 6, Tbilisi, just under the Tram Furnikulor on the top of the prestigious Mtatsminda and close to the Old Tbilisi, Freedom Square and other tourist attractions. There is a spectacular view of Tbilisi from our hotel rooms and from a large balcony. Our hostel welcomes all tourists, young and old, budget ones and well established. We guarantee a good service to our tourist guests. Address: 0108 Tbilisi, Georgia, Niaghvari str. №6 Email: libertyhostel@hotmail.com www.facebook.com www.facebook.com
- published: 04 Aug 2012
- views: 147
- author: funworldstar
9:53
Late night concert at Liberty Hostel Tbilisi...
Welcome to our Liberty Hostel. Liberty Hostel is a budget hostel for backpacker tourists, ...
published: 05 Aug 2012
author: funworldstar
Late night concert at Liberty Hostel Tbilisi...
Welcome to our Liberty Hostel. Liberty Hostel is a budget hostel for backpacker tourists, situated in Niavghari 6, Tbilisi, just under the Tram Furnikulor on the top of the prestigious Mtatsminda and close to the Old Tbilisi, Freedom Square and other tourist attractions. There is a spectacular view of Tbilisi from our hotel rooms and from a large balcony. Our hostel welcomes all tourists, young and old, budget ones and well established. We guarantee a good service to our tourist guests. Address: 0108 Tbilisi, Georgia, Niaghvari str. №6 Email: libertyhostel@hotmail.com www.facebook.com www.facebook.com
- published: 05 Aug 2012
- views: 96
- author: funworldstar
3:49
საქართველო/Georgia/Georgien - თბილისი/Tbilisi/Tiflis
Sakartvelo/Georgia, Tbilisi/Tiflis, Caucasus...
published: 03 Apr 2012
author: GeorgianInBerlin
საქართველო/Georgia/Georgien - თბილისი/Tbilisi/Tiflis
Sakartvelo/Georgia, Tbilisi/Tiflis, Caucasus
- published: 03 Apr 2012
- views: 7713
- author: GeorgianInBerlin
13:58
Visit Georgia, Travel to Georgia, Caucasus , Guaranteed departures, Tour Operator Georgia
concordtravel.ge Visit Georgia, you can rely on our service possibilities traveling throug...
published: 25 Jan 2011
author: Alex Evans
Visit Georgia, Travel to Georgia, Caucasus , Guaranteed departures, Tour Operator Georgia
concordtravel.ge Visit Georgia, you can rely on our service possibilities traveling through country.We offer you trips in Tbilisi,which is nestled through mountains wondering with its ancients building that surround comfortable Tbilisi hotels, restaurants.Our point is to make Travel to Georgia unforgettable. Tour Operator Georgia, Caucasus-Concord Travel.
- published: 25 Jan 2011
- views: 4503
- author: Alex Evans
3:58
GREEN Georgia
We take a look at Georgia's newest Borjomi Kharagauli National Park! Also check out Tbilis...
published: 04 Dec 2007
author: TravelChannelVOD
GREEN Georgia
We take a look at Georgia's newest Borjomi Kharagauli National Park! Also check out Tbilisi (the capital and largest city), Mtskheta (the oldest city), Mountain Regions, and Cave Towns (Georgia, Uplistsikhe, David Gareja and Vardzia)...
- published: 04 Dec 2007
- views: 12744
- author: TravelChannelVOD
1:00
Travel Advisor "Summer in Georgia"
georgia.travel www.facebook.com travel in georgia "Summer in Georgia" Travel Guide, travel...
published: 12 Jul 2010
author: WelcomeToGeorgia
Travel Advisor "Summer in Georgia"
georgia.travel www.facebook.com travel in georgia "Summer in Georgia" Travel Guide, travel advisor, places to visit in Georgia, map of Georgia,getaways in Georgia, georgia turism, georgia country, georgia, best travel, budget travel, travel and leisure, world travel, travel agent,
- published: 12 Jul 2010
- views: 14475
- author: WelcomeToGeorgia
3:26
Georgia Cyclone Wooden Roller Coaster POV - Six Flags Over Georgia, GA
Georgia Cyclone Wooden Roller Coaster POV - Six Flags Over Georgia, GA...
published: 24 Mar 2010
author: themeparkreviewTPR
Georgia Cyclone Wooden Roller Coaster POV - Six Flags Over Georgia, GA
Georgia Cyclone Wooden Roller Coaster POV - Six Flags Over Georgia, GA
- published: 24 Mar 2010
- views: 38115
- author: themeparkreviewTPR
4:05
Georgia Tourism Video
From the majestic mountains of the north to the beautiful beaches and marshes along the so...
published: 04 Feb 2010
author: GeorgiaExplorer
Georgia Tourism Video
From the majestic mountains of the north to the beautiful beaches and marshes along the southeastern coast to Atlanta's soaring skyline and charming town squares. From scenic trails, rolling rivers and lovely lakes to pristine parklands and inspiring historic sites- get out and Explore Georgia. This video highlights just a few of Georgia's attractions and renowned destinations. For more information and to start planning your next Georgia vacation visit www.ExploreGeorgia.org Follow us at twitter.com and www.facebook.com
- published: 04 Feb 2010
- views: 31915
- author: GeorgiaExplorer
0:40
SIGNAGI TBILISI GEORGIA Travel Company Georgian Travel Service
Sighnaghi (Signagi) (Georgian: სიღნაღი) is a town in Georgia's easternmost region of Kakhe...
published: 01 Mar 2013
author: David Zautashvili
SIGNAGI TBILISI GEORGIA Travel Company Georgian Travel Service
Sighnaghi (Signagi) (Georgian: სიღნაღი) is a town in Georgia's easternmost region of Kakheti and the administrative center of the Sighnaghi District. It is one of the country's smallest towns with a population of 2146 as of the 2002 census.[2] Sighnaghi's economy is dominated by the production of wine, traditional carpets and Georgian traditional food Mcvadi. The town and its environs are also known for their landscapes and historical monuments. Sighnaghi has recently undergone a fundamental reconstruction program and has become an important center of Georgia's tourist industry.
- published: 01 Mar 2013
- views: 1
- author: David Zautashvili
4:59
Georgia: Resort Gudauri
Georgia: Resort Gudauri!...
published: 24 Sep 2008
author: WelcomeToGeorgia
Georgia: Resort Gudauri
Georgia: Resort Gudauri!
- published: 24 Sep 2008
- views: 13223
- author: WelcomeToGeorgia
4:00
Welcome to Georgia
For more information please visit: www.investingeorgia.org www.georgia.travel www.georgia....
published: 06 Jun 2010
author: investingeorgia
Welcome to Georgia
For more information please visit: www.investingeorgia.org www.georgia.travel www.georgia.gov.ge
- published: 06 Jun 2010
- views: 18791
- author: investingeorgia
4:00
GEORGIA Fantastic Country - საქართველო
Paradise small country, all in one: anciant city, wonderful skiing resort, beautiful seasi...
published: 18 Apr 2007
author: Mamuka Machaidze
GEORGIA Fantastic Country - საქართველო
Paradise small country, all in one: anciant city, wonderful skiing resort, beautiful seaside, amazing mountain nature. Download better quality video file: rapidshare.com or PowerPoint SlideShow file: rapidshare.com
- published: 18 Apr 2007
- views: 46209
- author: Mamuka Machaidze
9:39
St. Simons Island, GA: Villa de Suenos
Stunning St. Simons Island, GA ocean front vacation property available from www.stsimonsbe...
published: 28 Jun 2009
author: ssbrllc
St. Simons Island, GA: Villa de Suenos
Stunning St. Simons Island, GA ocean front vacation property available from www.stsimonsbeachrentals.com. 6 Bedrooms- sleeps 15.
- published: 28 Jun 2009
- views: 9908
- author: ssbrllc
2:50
Georgia - Cradle of wine
Wine has a rich history dating back to around 6000 BC and is thought to have originated in...
published: 10 Jun 2010
author: MrRezzi
Georgia - Cradle of wine
Wine has a rich history dating back to around 6000 BC and is thought to have originated in areas now within the borders of Georgia. Wine probably appeared in Europe at about 4500 BC in what is now Bulgaria, and Greece, and was very common in ancient Greece, Thrace and Rome. Wine has also played an important role in religion throughout history. The Greek god Dionysus and the Roman equivalent Bacchus represented wine, and the drink is also used in Catholic Eucharist ceremonies and the Jewish Kiddush. For more information please visit: www.georgia.travel www.investingeorgia.org www.georgia.gov.ge
- published: 10 Jun 2010
- views: 6783
- author: MrRezzi
3:04
Tbilisi , capital of Georgia. part I
Tbilisi , capital of Georgia. part I...
published: 16 Nov 2008
author: WelcomeToGeorgia
Tbilisi , capital of Georgia. part I
Tbilisi , capital of Georgia. part I
- published: 16 Nov 2008
- views: 2659
- author: WelcomeToGeorgia
9:27
Georgia!! Must see!!!
...
published: 10 Oct 2009
author: Misha Dolidze
Georgia!! Must see!!!
- published: 10 Oct 2009
- views: 11433
- author: Misha Dolidze
4:42
Historic Downtown Savannah, GA Tour
Historic downtown Savannah located along the Savannah River has many not to be missed site...
published: 16 Jan 2011
author: wworldp
Historic Downtown Savannah, GA Tour
Historic downtown Savannah located along the Savannah River has many not to be missed sites and terrific architecture.
- published: 16 Jan 2011
- views: 16402
- author: wworldp
Vimeo results:
11:19
Stanley Pickle - FULL FILM ONLINE
Stanley's life runs like clockwork, until a chance encounter with a mysterious girl turns ...
published: 25 Aug 2011
author: Vicky Mather
Stanley Pickle - FULL FILM ONLINE
Stanley's life runs like clockwork, until a chance encounter with a mysterious girl turns his world upside down...
For all information about the film:
Short of the Week: http://www.shortoftheweek.com/2012/12/10/stanley-pickle/
Website: http://www.stanleypicklemovie.com
Facebook: http://www.facebook.com/pages/Stanley-Pickle-Film-2010/125239054175544
Twitter: http://www.twitter.com/stanleypickle
Available on iTunes Worldwide: https://itunes.apple.com/gb/movie/stanley-pickle/id531435151
Stanley Pickle is a short pixilation film shot entirely on a stills camera on 2 sets and 2 locations at the NFTS. The film premièred on to the festival circuit in June 2010 at the Edinburgh International Film Festival, where it picked up the McLaren Award for New British Animation, followed by Oscar qualification at the US première LA Shorts where the film won Best Experimental. After a whirlwind journey through 2011/12 greeting diverse festival audiences worldwide, humbled by winning many more awards, screening on Virgin Atlantic Flights, broadcast in France, Spain and the US, being part of BAFTA Brits to Watch and distributed on iTunes, it's great to be able to say the film is finally available to view online.
Winner of 33 International Awards:
Edinburgh International Film Festival 2010 (McLaren Award for New British Animation)
Chicago International Festival, USA 2010 (WINNER Best Animation) (Academy Recognized)
LAShorts International Film Festival 2010 (Best Experimental Short Film) (Academy recognized)
Raindance Film Festival, London 2010 (Best UK Short)
Festival du Film Britannique de Dinard 2010 (Prix Du Mielleur Court Metrage)
Cinanima Film Festival, Portugal 2010 (Best Student Film)
KROK International Animated Film Festival, Russia 2010 (Best Graduation Film)
The Golden Kuker, Bulgaria, 2010 (Best Short Between 10- 20 minutes)
E-Magiciens The European Young Digital Design Conference
2010 (Canal+ award)
Metropolitan Film Festival, New York 2010, (Best Animation)
Jury Choice- 1st Prize Black Maria Film and Video Festival 2011
Verna Fields Award in Sound Editing 58th MPSE Awards for Dario Swade 2011
Best Animated Short Omaha Film Festival 2011
Best Short + Grand Jury Prize at San Diego Indiefest 2011
Best Student Production Post Grad Award at Learning on Screen Conference, London 2011
Short Wave Award, Monstra Animation Festival Portugal 2011
Vision Innovation Award, New York Digital Short Film Festival 2011
Best Student Film ECU Paris 2011
Best Short Film Arizona international Film Festival 2011
Outstanding Achievement in Short Film Making Newport Beach Film Festival 2011
Best Animation Seattle True Independent Film Festival 2011
Best Short + Best Sound Design DMVIFF Washington DC 2011
Anca Award Fest Anca Slovakia 2011
Outstanding Visual Achievement Van D'or Awards, Cannes in a Van 2011
Best Short Film Wild Rose Independent Film Festival 2011
Distinctive Achievement in Costume Wild Rose Independent Film Festival 2011
Distinctive Achievement in Editing Wild Rose Independent Film Festival 2011
Distinctive Achievement in Animation Wild Rose Independent Film Festival 2011
Best Cinematography Seattle Short Film Festival 2011
Best Animation or Experimental Film Tbilisi Student Film Fest Georgia 2012
Best Experimental at Calaveras International Film Festival California 2012
0:40
Tbilisi Open Air - Music Breaks Free
published: 09 May 2009
author: Irakli Matkava
Tbilisi Open Air - Music Breaks Free
3:19
Wedding video - Tbilisi, Georgia
Video and photo services. Tbilisi, Gerogia. Tel: +995 557 552828
ფოტო და ვიდეო გადაღება T...
published: 01 Jul 2011
author: Roman 4nord
Wedding video - Tbilisi, Georgia
Video and photo services. Tbilisi, Gerogia. Tel: +995 557 552828
ფოტო და ვიდეო გადაღება Tbilisi, Gerogia. Tel: +995 555 97-66-84
18:44
RideThePlanet: Georgia
The second movie of season-2012 from russian RideThePlanet freeride media project.
It was ...
published: 26 Feb 2012
author: Konstantin Galat
RideThePlanet: Georgia
The second movie of season-2012 from russian RideThePlanet freeride media project.
It was shot in Feb 2012 in the mountains of Georgian Caucasus - Gudauri and Svanetia regions.
Freeriders: Alexander Baidaev, Konstantin Galat, Igor Ilynykh, Oxana Chekulaeva and Veronika Sorokina.
Camera: Oleg Kolmovskiy, Konstantin Galat, Daria Pudenko.
Photographers: Konstantin Galat, Daria Pudenko.
Post-production: Oleg Kolmovskiy & Konstantin Galat.
Music: Kuba, Mgzavrebi, Astra*, Kepi Ghoulie, Davit Kenchiashvili, On-The-Go, Duckfaces, Manicure
Второй фильм сезона-2012 российского фрирайд-проекта RideThePlanet.
Фильм снят в Грузии, на Кавказе, в регионах Гудаури и Верхняя Сванетия в феврале 2012.
Райдеры: Александр Байдаев, Константин Галат, Игорь Ильиных, Оксана Чекулаева, Вероника Сорокина.
Операторы: Олег Колмовский, Константин Галат, Дарья Пуденко.
Фотографы: Константин Галат, Дарья Пуденко.
Монтаж и post-production: Олег Колмовский & Константин Галат.
Музыка: Kuba, Mgzavrebi, Astra*, Kepi Ghoulie, Davit Kenchiashvili, On-The-Go, Duckfaces, Manicure
(c)RideThePlanet
http://www.ridetheplanet.ru
Youtube results:
5:52
Earthship Georgia
fun, sweat and power tools for the future...
published: 24 Nov 2010
author: murrvalous
Earthship Georgia
fun, sweat and power tools for the future
- published: 24 Nov 2010
- views: 24268
- author: murrvalous
5:19
Monster Mansion Six Flags Over Georgia
A full on ride video of Monster Mansion. Monster Mansion, formally known as Monster Planta...
published: 27 May 2009
author: TPRErik
Monster Mansion Six Flags Over Georgia
A full on ride video of Monster Mansion. Monster Mansion, formally known as Monster Plantation, just reopened late May 2009 with new lighting, sound, characters, and new effects.
- published: 27 May 2009
- views: 57733
- author: TPRErik
5:54
Savannah GA
www.VisitSavannah.com Welcome to Savannah GA Est. 1733. This much-celebrated destination h...
published: 01 Apr 2010
author: SavannahEst1733
Savannah GA
www.VisitSavannah.com Welcome to Savannah GA Est. 1733. This much-celebrated destination has been enticing visitors with her sultry ambiance, striking beauty and old-world charm for centuries. From the elegances of the Landmark Historic District to the festivities of River Street, visitors delight in all this coastal jewel has to offer. Waiting to charm you with tree-filled squares and perfectly preserved historic building, Savannah mesmerizes you with the past and her unforgettable natural beauty. Situated on Georgias coast in the mist of the delightful Lowcountry region that includes Tybee Island - Savannahs Beach, Savannah is ready to embrace you with genteel warmth and Southern hospitality. Savannah is pleased to be recognized by the following national and international publications "Top Destination Award" - Facilities & Destinations Magazine, March 2009 "15 Coolest Cities in North America" - MSN.com, February 2009 "Best Romantic Getaway" - Travel + Leisure Magazine, February 2009 "Best Southern City" - Southern Living Magazine, January 2009 "Top 10 American Travel Destination" - Conde Nast Traveler Magazine, August 2008 "Top 10 Cities in the US and Canada" - Travel + Leisure Magazine, July 2008 "Gold Service Award" - Meetings & Conventions Magazine, July 2008 "Top 25 City for the Arts" - American Style Magazine, May 2008 "50 Great Cities to Visit in America" - London Daily Telegraph, March 2008
- published: 01 Apr 2010
- views: 175322
- author: SavannahEst1733
photo: AP / Ibrahim Zayed
26 Feb 2013
Updated. February 26, 2013 8.35AM. LUXOR, Egypt — A hot air balloon flying over Egypt’s ancient city of Luxor caught fire and crashed into a sugar cane field on Tuesday, killing at least 19 foreign tourists in one of the world’s deadliest ballooning accidents and handing a new blow to Egypt’s ailing tourism industry ... The balloon then shot up in the air, the investigator said ... The security official said all 18 bodies have been recovered ... ....(size: 6.2Kb)
photo: Russian Presidential Press and Information Office
27 Feb 2013
Russian President Vladimir Putin told the country's top brass on Wednesday to drastically upgrade the armed forces in the next few years as part of response to attempts by the United States and NATO to "tip the strategic balance" in the world. In his address to Russia's defense ministry and top military officials, Putin said Russia is witnessing "insistent attempts" to change that balance and complained about U.S ... ....(size: 2.3Kb)
photo: AP / Michael Sohn
28 Feb 2013
Pope Benedict pledged his "unconditional reverence and obedience" to his successor Thursday, then left the Vatican as the first Roman Catholic Church leader to resign in 600 years. Benedict flew from the Vatican by helicopter to the papal residence of Castel Gandolfo near Rome, several hours before his eight-year papacy was to end officially at 8 p.m., local time (1900 UTC) ... Peter's Square after he left ... ....(size: 2.5Kb)
photo: USAF / Tech. Sgt. Effrain Lopez
26 Feb 2013
Article by WN.com Correspondent Dallas Darling. During the 19th and early 20th centuries developments in technology vastly transformed warfare. The age of machine guns, steam-powered battle ships, and tanks replaced the era of flintlock muskets, sailing wooden ships, and cannonballs. But these new and more lethal innovations also altered humanity and political systems ... World War I and II ... They will subversively disrupt entire societies....(size: 4.8Kb)
photo: AP / Mary Altaffer
26 Feb 2013
Jesus Diaz - . Scientists have found proof of a sunken continent in the Indian Ocean. According to a study published in Nature Geoscience, the continent “was separated from Madagascar and fragmented into a ribbon-like configuration by a series of mid-ocean ridge jumps during the opening of the Mascarene ocean basin.”. Its name is not Atlantis, though ... [Nature Geoscience via BBC News]. Image by Shutterstock ... Related Posts ... ....(size: 3.6Kb)
noodls
28 Feb 2013
Second meeting of the EMI "Tbilisi Process" - Peaceful conflict resolution in the South Caucasus. “The Tbilisi Process initiated by the European Movement International and its National Councils in Armenia, Azerbaijan and Georgia aims at promoting mutual ... Download the final declaration of the 2nd meeting of the Tbilisi Process, ....(size: 2.4Kb)
noodls
27 Feb 2013
(Source. Delegation of the European Commission in Tbilisi, Georgia). Delegation of the European Union to Georgia Press Release. Tbilisi, 27 February 2013 "Let's meet Europe on wheels". The mobile information centre of the Delegation of the European Union starts its second year of activity ... How well do I know Europe? ... This noodl was issued by Delegation of the European Commission in Tbilisi, Georgia and was initially posted at ....(size: 3.1Kb)
noodls
27 Feb 2013
Delegation of the European Commission in Tbilisi, Georgia) TBILISI, 27 February, 2013 ... The project is being rolled out in Tbilisi during the first year and the activities will cover ... Four mobile teams of social workers, psychologists, teachers and peer educators, that will assess every child's case who is living and working on the streets in Tbilisi, Batumi and....(size: 4.0Kb)
noodls
26 Feb 2013
(Source. European Movement International). 26.02.13 11.52 Second meeting of the EMI "Tbilisi Process". Representatives of the European Movement from Armenia, Azerbaijan and Georgia, met in Tbilisi last weekend, to continue the dialogue initiated last summer ... Download the final declaration,. distributed by ... (noodl....(size: 1.5Kb)
noodls
26 Feb 2013
(Source. Delegation of the European Commission in Tbilisi, Georgia). European Commission. Press release. Brussels, 25 February 2013 ... Today in Tbilisi, Georgia, Commissioner Malmström will hand the Action Plan for Visa Liberalisation over to Georgia';s authorities ... Background ... Useful Links ... Contacts . ... This noodl was issued by Delegation of the European Commission in Tbilisi, Georgia and was initially posted at www.delgeo.ec.europa.eu....(size: 4.5Kb)
Novosti
23 Feb 2013
TBILISI, February 23 (RIA Novosti) – Tbilisi Mayor Gigi Ugulava has been ... According to investigators, the deal was financed by the Tbilisi mayor’s office through a fraudulent scheme....(size: 0.9Kb)
Deutsche Welle
23 Feb 2013
Investigators in Georgia have filed charges against the Mayor of Tbilisi, a top ally of the country’s president. The allegations against Gigi Ugulaya have been condemned as politically motivated ... Ugulava himself, however, dismissed the charges as "absurd" and part of an effort by Ivanishvili to gain municipal control of the capital, Tbilisi ... ....(size: 1.8Kb)
noodls
19 Feb 2013
(Source. Delegation of the European Commission in Tbilisi, Georgia) EU foreign ministers underline support for Eastern Partnership. 18-02-2013 ... Foreign ministers took stock of developments and discussed the way forward to the Vilnius Eastern Partnership Summit in November 2013 ... Those three areas are. ... This noodl was issued by Delegation of the European Commission in Tbilisi, Georgia and was initially posted at www.delgeo.ec.europa.eu....(size: 3.3Kb)
noodls
18 Feb 2013
noodls
14 Feb 2013
(Source. Delegation of the European Commission in Tbilisi, Georgia). Tbilisi 14/02/2013 EU Prize for journalism in Georgia - 2012. Three winners awarded ... 1) Mrs. Maia Edilashvili, for the best investigative article ... " ... The Ceremony took place at the National Conservatoire, in Tbilisi, where guests were greeted with a concert ... This noodl was issued by Delegation of the European Commission in Tbilisi, Georgia and was initially posted at ....(size: 2.8Kb)
noodls
13 Feb 2013
(Source. President of Georgia). The second informal Eastern Partnership dialogue was held in Tbilisi on the 12th and 13th of February 2013. The meeting was hosted by the Georgian Foreign Minister, Ms Maia Panjikidze, and the Minister of Economy and Sustainable Development, Mr Giorgi Kvirikashvili. The Georgian delegation included the State Minister on European and Euro-Atlantic Integration Issues, Mr Aleksi Petriashvili ... 13 February 2013....(size: 2.2Kb)
noodls
13 Feb 2013
(Source ... European Commission ... Brussels/Tbilisi, 12 February 2013. EU representatives at the Infomal Eastern partnership dialogue in Tbilisi. Commissioner for Enlargement and European Neighbourhood Policy Štefan Füle and Deputy Secretary General of the European External Action Service Helga Schmid will take part in the second Foreign Ministers meeting of the Informal Eastern Partnership (EaP) dialogues in Tbilisi on Tuesday and Wednesday....(size: 2.6Kb)
noodls
12 Feb 2013
(Source. European Commission). European Commission. Štefan Füle. European Commissioner for Enlargement and Neighbourhood Policy. Remarks of Commissioner Štefan Füle at the Informal Eastern Partnership dialogue in Tbilisi. Informal Eastern Partnership Dialogue /Tbilisi, Georgia. 12 February 2013. First I would like to thank Georgia for hosting the second meeting of this Informal Eastern Partnership dialogue ... distributed by ... (noodl. 17521824) ....(size: 2.4Kb)
 |
This article is an orphan, as few or no other articles link to it. Please introduce links to this page from related articles; suggestions may be available. (March 2010) |
The history of Tbilisi, as the capital of Georgia, dates back to the late 5th century AD. In its 1,500-year history, Tbilisi was an important cultural, political and economic centers of the Caucasus region. Located on a crossroad of major trade routes, the city had been occupied at least twenty times by external enemies.[1] Since 1991, it is the capital of independent Georgia.
Early history[link]
Legend has it that the present-day territory of Tbilisi was uninhabited and covered by forest as late as 458 AD. According to one account King Vakhtang I Gorgasali of Georgia went hunting in the heavily wooded region with a falcon (sometimes the falcon is substituted either by a hawk or another small birds of prey in the legend). The King's falcon caught/injured a pheasant during the hunt, after which both birds fell into a nearby hot spring and died. King Vakhtang became so impressed with the discovery that he decided to build a city on this location. The name Tbilisi derives from the Old Georgian word "Tpili", meaning warm. The name Tbili or Tbilisi ("warm location") therefore was given to the city because of the area's numerous sulfuric hot springs.
Archaeological studies of the region have revealed that the territory of Tbilisi was settled by humans as early as the 4th millennium BC. The earliest actual (recorded) accounts of settlement of the location come from the second half of the 4th century AD, when a fortress was built during King Varaz-Bakur's reign. Towards the end of the 4th century the fortress fell into the hands of the Persians after which the location fell back into the hands of the Kings of Kartli (Georgia) by the middle of the 5th century. King Vakhtang I Gorgasali (reigned in the middle and latter halves of the 5th century), who is largely credited for founding Tbilisi, was actually responsible for reviving and building up the city but not for founding it. The present-day location of the area, which Gorgasali seems to have built, includes the surroundings of Metekhi Square (Abanot-Ubani historical district).
Tbilisi becomes a capital[link]
King Dachi I Ujarmeli (beginning of the 6th century), who was the successor of Vakhtang I Gorgasali, moved the capital from Mtskheta to Tbilisi according to the will left by his father. It must be mentioned that Tbilisi was not the capital of a unified Georgian state at that time (therefore did not include the territory of Colchis) and was only the capital of Eastern Georgia/Iberia. During his reign, King Ujarmeli was also responsible for finishing the construction of the fortress wall that lined the city's new boundaries. Beginning from the 6th century, Tbilisi started to grow at a steady pace due to the region's favorable and strategic location which placed the city along important trade and travel routes between Europe and Asia.
Foreign domination[link]
Tbilisi's favorable and strategic location did not necessarily bode well for its existence as Eastern Georgia's/Iberia's capital. Located strategically in the heart of the Caucasus between Europe and Asia, Tbilisi became an object of rivalry between the region's various powers such as Persia, The Byzantine Empire, the Arab Muslim Caliphate, and the Seljuk Turks. The cultural development of the city was therefore heavily dependent on who ruled the city at various times. Even though Tbilisi (and Eastern Georgia in general) was able to maintain a certain degree of autonomy from its conquerors, the foreign domination of the city began in the latter half of the 6th century and lasted well into the 11th century.
From 570-580, the Persians took over Tbilisi and ruled it for about a decade. In the year 627 Tbilisi was sacked by the allied Byzantine and Khazar armies. Later, around 737, Arab armies entered the town under Marwan II Ibn-Muhammad. After this point, the Arabs established an emirate in Tbilisi. It must be noted that the Arab domination brought a certain order to the region and introduced a more formal and modernized judicial system into Georgia, while Tbilisi prospered from the trade with the whole Middle East.[2] In 764, Tbilisi was once again sacked by the Khazars, while still under Arab control. In the year 853, the armies of Arab leader Bugha al-Kabir ("Bugha the Turk" in Georgian sources) invaded Tbilisi in order to re-establish control of the Abbasid Caliphate over the rebellious emirate. The Arab domination of Tbilisi continued until about 1050, because local Georgians were unsuccessful in their drive to expel the Arabs. The emirs however held less and less power, and the "council of elders" often assumed power in the city.[3] In 1068, the city was once again sacked, only this time by the Seljuk Turks under Sultan Alp Arslan.
Tbilisi as the capital of a unified Georgian state and the Georgian Renaissance[link]
In 1122, after heavy fighting with the Seljuks that involved at least 60,000 Georgians and up to 300,000 Turks, the troops of the King of Georgia David the Builder entered Tbilisi. The city, whose population was then predominantly Muslim, was burnt, and 500 citizens tortured to death. However, the survivors were allowed to retain their faith and keep living in the city.[4] After the battles for Tbilisi concluded, David moved his residence from Kutaisi (Western Georgia) to Tbilisi, making it the capital of a unified Georgian State. From the 12th-13th centuries, Tbilisi became a dominant regional power with a thriving economy (with well-developed trade and skilled labor) and a well-established social system/structure. By the end of the 12th century, the population of Tbilisi had reached 120,000. The city also became an important literary and a cultural center not only for Georgia but for the larger civilized world as well. During Queen Tamar's reign, Shota Rustaveli worked in Tbilisi while writing his legendary epic poem, The Knight in the Panther's Skin. This period is widely known as "Georgia's Golden Age" or the Georgian Renaissance.
Mongol domination and the following period of instability[link]
Tbilisi's Golden Age did not last for more than a century. In 1236, after suffering crushing defeats to the Mongols, Georgia came under Mongol domination. The nation itself maintained a form of semi-independence and did not lose its statehood, but Tbilisi was strongly influenced by the Mongols for the next century both politically and culturally. In the 1320s, the Mongols were forcefully expelled from Georgia and Tbilisi became the capital of an independent Georgian state once again. An outbreak of the plague struck the city in 1366.
From the late 14th until the end of the 18th century, Tbilisi came under the rule of various foreign invaders once again and on several occasions was completely burnt to the ground. In 1386, Tbilisi was invaded by the armies of Tamerlane (Timur). In 1444, the city was invaded and destroyed by Jahan Shah (the Shah of the town of Tabriz in Persia). From 1477 to 1478 the city was held by the Ak Koyunlu tribesmen of Uzun Hassan. In 1522., Tbilisi came under Persian control but was later freed in 1524 by King David X of Georgia. During this period, many parts of Tbilisi were reconstructed and rebuilt. From the 17th-18th centuries, Tbilisi once again became the object of rivalry only this time between the Ottoman Turks and Persia. King Erekle of Georgia tried on several occasions, successfully, to free Tbilisi from Persian rule but in the end Tbilisi was burnt to the ground in 1795 by Shah Agha-Mohammad Khan. At this point, sensing that Georgia could not hold up against Persia alone, Erekle sought the help of Russia.
Tbilisi under Russian control[link]
-
"Tatar bazaar"
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"Military Cathedral"
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Metekhi cliff
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Kura River
-
Golovin Avenue
.jpg)
In 1801, after the Georgian kingdom of Kartl-Kakheti joined the Russian Empire, Tbilisi became the center of the Tiflis Governorate. From the beginning of the 19th century Tbilisi started to grow economically and politically. New buildings mainly of European style were erected throughout the town. New roads and railroads were built to connect Tbilisi to other important cities in Russia and other parts of the Transcaucasus (locally) such as Batumi, Poti, Baku, and Yerevan. By the 1850s Tbilisi once again emerged as a major trade and a cultural center. The likes of Ilia Chavchavadze, Akaki Tsereteli, Iakob Gogebashvili, Alexander Griboedov and many other statesmen, poets, and artists all found their home in Tbilisi.
The city was visited on numerous occasions by and was the object of affection of Alexander Pushkin, Leo Tolstoy, Mikhail Lermontov, the Romanov Family and others. The Romanov Family established their residence (in Transcaucasia) on Golovin Street (Present-day Rustaveli Avenue).
Throughout the century, the political, economic and cultural role of Tbilisi with its ethnic, confessional and cultural diversity was significant not only for Georgia but for the whole Caucasus. Hence, Tbilisi took on a different look. It acquired different architectural monuments and the attributes of an international city, as well as its own urban folklore and language, and the specific Tbilisuri (literally, belonging to Tbilisi) culture.
After the Russian Revolution of 1917, Tbilisi became the capital of an independent Georgia.
Independence: 1918–1921[link]
After the Russian Revolution of 1917, the city served as a location of the Transcaucasus interim government which established, in the spring of 1918, the short-lived independent Transcaucasian Federation with the capital in Tbilisi. It was here, in the former Caucasus Vice royal Palace, where the independence of three Transcaucasian nations – Georgia, Armenia and Azerbaijan – was declared on May 26 to 28 1918. Since then, Tbilisi functioned as the capital of the Democratic Republic of Georgia until 25 February 1921. From 1918 to 1919 the city was also a home to the German and British military headquarters consecutively.
Under the national government, Tbilisi turned into the first Caucasian University City after the Tbilisi State University was founded in 1918, a long-time dream of the Georgians banned by the Imperial Russian authorities for several decades[citation needed]. On 25 February 1921, the Bolshevist Russian 11th Red Army entered Tbilisi after bitter fighting at the outskirts of the city and declared Soviet rule.
Under the Communist Government[link]
In 1921, the Democratic Republic of Georgia was occupied by the Soviet Bolshevik forces from Russia, and until 1991 Tbilisi functioned first as the capital city of the Transcaucasian SFSR (which included Armenia, Azerbaijan, and Georgia), and later as the capital of the Georgian Soviet Socialist Republic. During the Soviet rule, Tbilisi's population grew significantly, the city became more industrialized and came to be one of the most important political, social, and cultural centers of the Soviet Union along with Moscow, Kiev, and St. Petersburg.
Tbilisi witnessed mass anti-Soviet demonstrations in 1956, (in protest against the anti-Stalin policies of Nikita Khrushchev), 1978 (1978 Tbilisi Demonstrations in defense of the Georgian language) and 1989 (April 9 tragedy), which concluded with bloody crackdowns on the first and the last occasions.
After the break-up of the Soviet Union[link]
Since the break-up of the Soviet Union, Tbilisi has experienced periods of significant instability and turmoil. After a brief Civil War which the city endured for two weeks from December 1991 – January 1992 (when pro-Gamsakhurdia and Opposition forces clashed with each other), Tbilisi became the scene of frequent armed confrontations between various mafia clans and illegal business entrepreneurs. Even during the Edvard Shevardnadze era (1993–2003), crime and corruption became rampant at most levels of society. Many segments of society became impoverished due to a lack of employment which was caused by the crumbling economy. Average citizens of Tbilisi started to become increasingly disillusioned with the existing quality of life in the city (and in the nation in general). Mass protests took place in November 2003 after falsified parliamentary elections forced more than 100,000 people into the streets and concluded with the Rose Revolution. Since 2003, Tbilisi has experienced considerably more stability, decreasing crime rates, improving economy, and a booming tourist industry similar to (if not more than) what the city experienced during the Soviet times.
References[link]
- ^ David Marshall Lang (1958), The last Years of the Georgian Monarchy, 1658-1832, pp. 227-230. NY: Columbia University Press.
- ^ Ronald Grigor Suny (1994). The Making of the Georgian Nation. Indiana University Press. p. 29. ISBN 978-0-253-20915-3. http://books.google.com/books?id=riW0kKzat2sC&pg=PA37. Retrieved 10 May 2012.
- ^ Suny1994, p. 35
- ^ Suny1994, p. 37
- Georgian State (Soviet) Encyclopedia. 1983. Book 4. pp. 595–604.
- Minorsky, V., Tiflis in Encyclopaedia of Islam.
See also[link]
http://wn.com/History_of_Tbilisi
Related pages:
http://fr.wn.com/Histoire de Tbilissi
http://ru.wn.com/История Тбилиси
This page contains text from Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Tbilisi
This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, which means that you can copy and modify it as long as the entire work (including additions) remains under this license.
This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, which means that you can copy and modify it as long as the entire work (including additions) remains under this license.
_(1).jpg)
Tbilisoba (Georgian: თბილისობა) is a annual October festival, celebrating the diversity and history of Tbilisi, the capital of Georgia. It was first held on October 28, 1979, and has since become an established tradition. The festival features open-air concerts of traditional music and dancing and various cultural events, centered on Old Tbilisi, the historical part of the city. Beyond celebrating the city's past and present, people from all over Georgia represent their region at the fair of the harvest.[1][2]
History[link]
The festival was created at the initiative of Eduard Shevardnadze, then-the First Secretary of the Communist Party of the Georgian Soviet Socialist Republic, to honor the capital and counter attendance at religious events as part of his program to overcome "manifestations of nationalism" through introducing new "socialist traditions". The event became a celebration of the city’s 1,500-year history and had the unintended effect of engaging Georgians more intensly in their national history.[3] The festival remained dormant during the civil unrest of the early 1990s. It was resumed in 1995 and has since been held annually, usually in the latter half of October.
References[link]
- ^ Tbilisoba. Tbilisi Government Portal. Accessed February 10, 2012.
- ^ Fruit, Churchkhela, and Lessons Learned at Tbilisoba 2008. USAID Georgia. November 1, 2008. Accessed February 10, 2012.
- ^ Jones, Stephen F., "Old Ghosts and New Chains: Ethnicity and Memory in the Georgian Republic", p. 160. Watson, Rubie (ed., 1999), Memory, History and Opposition Under State Socialism. School of American Research Press, Santa Fe, ISBN 0-933452-86-1.
 |
Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Tbilisoba |
http://wn.com/Tbilisoba
This page contains text from Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tbilisoba
This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, which means that you can copy and modify it as long as the entire work (including additions) remains under this license.
This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, which means that you can copy and modify it as long as the entire work (including additions) remains under this license.
| Tbilisi თბილისი |
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|---|---|---|---|
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 Tbilisi
თბილისი |
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| Coordinates: 41°43′0″N 44°47′0″E / 41.716667°N 44.783333°E / 41.716667; 44.783333 | |||
| Country |  Georgia |
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| Established | c. 479 A.D | ||
| Government | |||
| • Mayor | Giorgi Ugulava | ||
| Area | |||
| • City | 726 km2 (280 sq mi) | ||
| Highest elevation | 770 m (2,530 ft) | ||
| Lowest elevation | 380 m (1,250 ft) | ||
| Population (2010) | |||
| • City | 1,152,500 | ||
| • Density | 1,600/km2 (4,100/sq mi) | ||
| • Metro | 1,485,293 | ||
| Time zone | Georgian Time (UTC+4) | ||
| Area code(s) | +995 32 | ||
| Website | www.tbilisi.gov.ge | ||
Tbilisi (Georgian: თბილისი [tʰb̥ilisi] ( listen)) is the capital and the largest city of Georgia, lying on the banks of the Kura River. The name is derived from an early Georgian form T'pilisi (ტფილისი) and it was officially known as Tpilisi (in Georgian) or Tiflis (in Russian) until 1936.[1] The city covers an area of 726 km2 (280 sq mi) and has 1,480,000 inhabitants.
Founded in the 5th century by Vakhtang Gorgasali, the monarch of Georgia's precursor Kingdom of Iberia, Tbilisi has served, with various intervals, as Georgia's capital for nearly 1500 years and represents a significant industrial, social, and cultural center of the country. Located near the southeastern edge of Europe, Tbilisi's proximity to lucrative east-west trade routes often made the city a point of contention between various rival empires throughout history and the city's location to this day ensures its position as an important transit route for global energy and trade projects. Tbilisi's varied history is reflected in its architecture, which is a mix of medieval, classical, and Soviet structures.
Historically, Tbilisi has been home to peoples of diverse cultural, ethnic, and religious backgrounds, though it is now overwhelmingly Eastern Orthodox Christian. Notable tourist destinations include cathedrals like Sameba and Sioni, classical Freedom Square and Rustaveli Avenue, medieval Narikala Fortress, pseudo-Moorish Opera Theater, and the Georgian National Museum.
Contents |
History[link]
Main article: History of Tbilisi
Early history[link]
According to an old legend, the present-day territory of Tbilisi was covered by forests as late as 458. One widely accepted variant of the legend of Tbilisi's founding states that King Vakhtang I Gorgasali of Georgia went hunting in the heavily wooded region with a falcon (sometimes the falcon is replaced with either a hawk or other small birds of prey in the legend). The King's falcon allegedly caught or injured a pheasant during the hunt, after which both birds fell into a nearby hot spring and died from burns. King Vakhtang became so impressed with the hot springs that he decided to cut down the forest and build a city on the location. The name Tbilisi derives from the Old Georgian word "Tpili" (თბილი), meaning warm. The name 'Tbili' or 'Tbilisi' ('warm location') was therefore given to the city because of the area's numerous sulphuric hot springs that came out of the ground.
Archaeological studies of the region have revealed that the territory of Tbilisi was settled by humans as early as the 4th millennium BCE. The earliest actual (recorded) accounts of settlement of the location come from the second half of the 4th century CE, when a fortress was built during King Varaz-Bakur's reign. Towards the end of the 4th century the fortress fell into the hands of the Persians after which the location fell back into the hands of the Kings of Kartli (Georgia) by the middle of the 5th century. King Vakhtang I Gorgasali (reigned in the middle and latter part of the 5th century), who is largely credited for founding Tbilisi, was actually responsible for reviving and building up the city and not founding it. The present-day location of the area which Gorgasali seems to have built up is spread out around the Metekhi cliff and the latter-day Abanotubani neighbourhood.
Capital[link]
King Dachi I Ujarmeli, who was the successor of Vakhtang I Gorgasali, moved the capital from Mtskheta to Tbilisi according to the will left by his father. It must be mentioned that Tbilisi was not the capital of a unified Georgian state at that time (therefore did not include the territory of Colchis) and was only the capital of Eastern Georgia/Iberia. During his reign, King Dachi I was also responsible for finishing the construction of the fortress wall that lined the city's new boundaries. Beginning from the 6th century, Tbilisi started to grow at a steady pace due to the region's favourable and strategic location which placed the city along important trade and travel routes between Europe and Asia.
Foreign domination[link]
Tbilisi's favourable and strategic location did not necessarily bode well for its existence as Eastern Georgia's/Iberia's capital. Located strategically in the heart of the Caucasus between Europe and Asia, Tbilisi became an object of rivalry between the region's various powers such as Persia, the Byzantine Empire, Arabia and the Seljuk Turks. The cultural development of the city was therefore heavily dependent on who ruled the city at various times. Even though Tbilisi (and Eastern Georgia in general) was able to maintain a certain degree of autonomy from its conquerors, the foreign domination of the city began in the latter half of the 6th century and lasted well into the 10th century.
From 570–580, the Persians took over Tbilisi and ruled it for about a decade. In the year 627, Tbilisi was sacked by the Byzantine/Khazar armies and later, in 736–738, Arab armies entered the town under Marwan II Ibn-Muhammad. After this point, the Arabs established an emirate centered in Tbilisi. The Arab domination brought a certain order to the region and introduced a more formal/modernized judicial system into Georgia. In 764, Tbilisi, still under Arab control was once again sacked by the Khazars. In 853, the armies of Arab leader Bugha Al-Turki (Bugha the Turk) invaded Tbilisi in order to enforce its return to Abbasid allegiance. The Arab domination of Tbilisi continued until about 1050. In 1068, the city was once again sacked, only this time by the Seljuk Turks under Sultan Alp Arslan.
Capital of a unified Georgian state[link]
In 1122, after heavy fighting with the Seljuks that involved at least 60,000 Georgians and up to 300,000 Turks, the troops of the King of Georgia David the Builder entered Tbilisi. After the battles for Tbilisi concluded, David moved his residence from Kutaisi (Western Georgia) to Tbilisi, making it the capital of a unified Georgian State. From 12–13th centuries, Tbilisi became a dominant regional power with a thriving economy (with well-developed trade and skilled labour) and a well-established social system/structure. By the end of the 12th century, the population of Tbilisi had reached 100,000. The city also became an important literary and a cultural center not only for Georgia but for the larger civilized world as well. During Queen Tamar's reign, Shota Rustaveli worked in Tbilisi while writing his legendary epic poem, The Knight in the Panther's Skin. This period is often referred to as "Georgia's Golden Age"[2] or the Georgian Renaissance.[3]
Mongol domination and the following period of instability[link]
Tbilisi's "Golden Age" did not last for more than a century. In 1226 Tbilisi was captured by the refugee Khwarezmian Empire Khwarezmian Shah Mingburnu and its defences severely devastated and prone to Mongol armies. In 1236, after suffering crushing defeats to the Mongols, Georgia came under Mongol domination. The nation itself maintained a form of semi-independence and did not lose its statehood, but Tbilisi was strongly influenced by the Mongols for the next century both politically and culturally. In the 1320s, the Mongols were forcefully expelled from Georgia and Tbilisi became the capital of an independent Georgian state once again. An outbreak of the plague struck the city in 1366.
From the late 14th until the end of the 18th century, Tbilisi came under the rule of various foreign invaders once again and on several occasions was completely burnt to the ground. In 1386, Tbilisi was invaded by the armies of Tamerlane (Timur). In 1444, the city was invaded and destroyed by Jahan Shah (the Shah of the town of Tabriz in Persia). From 1477 to 1478 the city was held by the Ak Koyunlu tribesmen of Uzun Hassan. In 1522, Tbilisi came under Persian control but was later freed in 1524 by King David X of Georgia. During this period, many parts of Tbilisi were reconstructed and rebuilt. In the 17th and 18th centuries, Tbilisi once again became the object of rivalry only this time between the Ottoman Turks and Persia. King Erekle II of Georgia tried on several occasions, successfully, to free Tbilisi from Persian rule but in the end Tbilisi was burnt to the ground in 1795 by Shah Agha-Mohammad Khan. At this point, sensing that Georgia could not hold up against Persia alone, Erekle sought the help of Russia.
Russian control[link]
In 1801, after the Georgian kingdom of Kartl-Kakheti joined the Russian Empire, Tbilisi became the center of the Tbilisi Governorate (Gubernia). At that time, Tbilisi was an overwhelmingly Armenian city, with Armenians forming 74.3% of the population.[4] From the beginning of the 19th century Tbilisi started to grow economically and politically. New buildings mainly of European style were erected throughout the town. New roads and railroads were built to connect Tbilisi to other important cities in Russia and other parts of the Transcaucasus (locally) such as Batumi, Poti, Baku, and Yerevan. By the 1850s Tbilisi once again emerged as a major trade and a cultural center. The likes of Ilia Chavchavadze, Iakob Gogebashvili, Aleksandr Griboyedov, Nar-Dos, Pertch Proshian, Raffi, Gabriel Sundukyan, Hovhannes Tumanyan, Akaki Tsereteli, Simon Zavarian and many other statesmen, poets, and artists all found their home in Tbilisi.
The city was visited on numerous occasions by and was the object of affection of Alexander Pushkin, Leo Tolstoy, Mikhail Lermontov, the Romanov Family and others. The Romanov Family established their residence (in Transcaucasia) on Golovin Street (Present-day Rustaveli Avenue).
Throughout the century, the political, economic and cultural role of Tbilisi with its ethnic, confessional and cultural diversity was significant not only for Georgia but for the whole Caucasus. Hence, Tbilisi took on a different look. It acquired different architectural monuments and the attributes of an international city, as well as its own urban folklore and language, and the specific Tbilisuri (literally, belonging to Tbilisi) culture.
Independence[link]
After the Russian Revolution of 1917, the city served as a location of the Transcaucasus interim government which established, in the spring of 1918, the short-lived independent Transcaucasian Federation with the capital in Tbilisi. At this time, Tbilisi had roughly the same number of Armenians as Georgians, with Russians being the third largest ethnic group.[5] It was here, in the former Caucasus Vice royal Palace, where the independence of three Transcaucasus nations – Georgia, Armenia and Azerbaijan – was declared on May 26 to 28 1918. After this, Tbilisi functioned as the capital of the Democratic Republic of Georgia until 25 February 1921. From 1918 to 1919 the city was also consecutively home to a German and British military headquarters.
Under the national government, Tbilisi turned into the first Caucasian University City after the Tbilisi State University was founded in 1918, a long-time dream of the Georgians banned by the Imperial Russian authorities for several decades.[6] On 25 February 1921, the Bolshevist Russian 11th Red Army invaded [7][8] Tbilisi after bitter fighting at the outskirts of the city and declared Soviet rule.
Communist government[link]
In 1921, the Democratic Republic of Georgia was occupied by the Soviet Bolshevik forces from Russia, and until 1991 Tbilisi functioned first as the capital city of the Transcaucasian SFSR (which included Armenia, Azerbaijan, and Georgia), and later as the capital of the Georgian Soviet Socialist Republic. During the Soviet rule, Tbilisi's population grew significantly, the city became more industrialised and came to be an important political, social, and cultural centre of the Soviet Union. In 1980 the city housed the first state-sanctioned rock festival in the USSR.
Tbilisi witnessed mass anti-Russian demonstrations during 1956 in the March 9 Massacre, in protest against the anti-Stalin policies of Nikita Khrushchev. Peaceful protests occurred in 1978, and in 1989 the April 9 tragedy was a peaceful protest that turned violent.
After the break-up of the Soviet Union[link]
Since the break-up of the Soviet Union, Tbilisi has experienced periods of significant instability and turmoil. After a brief civil war, which the city endured for two weeks from December 1991 to January 1992 (when pro-Gamsakhurdia and Opposition forces clashed with each other), Tbilisi became the scene of frequent armed confrontations between various mafia clans and illegal business entrepreneurs. Even during the Shevardnadze Era (1993–2003), crime and corruption became rampant at most levels of society. Many segments of society became impoverished because of unemployment caused by the crumbling economy. Average citizens of Tbilisi started to become increasingly disillusioned with the existing quality of life in the city (and in the nation in general). Mass protests took place in November 2003 after falsified parliamentary elections forced more than 100,000 people into the streets and concluded with the Rose Revolution. Since 2003, Tbilisi has experienced considerably more stability with decreasing crime rates, an improved economy and a real estate boom.[9] During the 2008 South Ossetia war the Tbilisi area was hit by multiple Russian air attacks.
After the war, several large-scale projects were started, including a streetcar system,[10] a railway bypass and a relocation of the central station[11] and new urban highways.[12]
Politics and administration[link]
See also: List of mayors of Tbilisi
The status of Tbilisi, as the nation's capital, is defined by the Article 10 in the Constitution of Georgia (1995) and the Law on Georgia's Capital – Tbilisi (February 20, 1998).[13]
Tbilisi is governed by the Tbilisi Assembly (Sakrebulo) and the Tbilisi City Hall (Meria). The City Assembly is elected once every four years. The mayor is elected by the City Assembly. The Mayor of Tbilisi is Giorgi (Gigi) Ugulava and the Chairman of the Tbilisi City Assembly is Zaal Begashvili.
Administratively, the city is divided into raions (districts), which have their own units of central and local government with jurisdiction over a limited scope of affairs. This subdivision was established under Soviet rule in the 1930s, following the general subdivision of the Soviet Union. Since Georgia regained independence, the raion system was modified and reshuffled. According to the latest revision, Tbilisi raions include:
- Old Tbilisi (ძველი თბილისი)
- Vake-Saburtalo (ვაკე-საბურთალო)
- Didube-Chugureti (დიდუბე-ჩუღურეთი)
- Gldani-Nadzaladevi (გლდანი-ნაძალადევი)
- Isani-Samgori (ისანი-სამგორი)
- Didgori (დიდგორი)
Most of the raions are named after respective historical neighbourhoods of the city. The citizens of Tbilisi widely recognise a system of the smaller non-formal historical neighbourhoods. Such neighbourhoods are several, however, constituting a kind of hierarchy, because most of them have lost their distinctive topographic limits. The natural first level of subdivision of the city is into the Right Bank and the Left Bank of the Mt'k'vari. The names of the oldest neighbourhoods go back to the early Middle Ages and sometimes pose a great linguistic interest. The newest whole-built developments bear chiefly residential marketing names.
In pre-Revolution Tiflis, the Georgian quarter was confined to the southeastern part of the city; Baedeker describes the layout succinctly:
In the north part of the town, on the left bank of the Kurá and to the south of the railway station, stretches the clean German Quarter, formerly occupied by German immigrants from Württemberg (1818). To the south is the Gruzinian or Georgian Quarter (Avlabár). On the right bank of the Kurá is the Russian Quarter, the seat of the officials and of the larger business firms. This is adjoined on the south by the Armenian and Persian Bazaars.—Karl Baedeker, Russia: A Handbook for Travelers[14]
Avlabari is considered "the integral component of the so-called 'old Tbilisi'" and is currently the object of planning and cultural heritage preservation.[15]
Geography[link]
Location[link]
Tbilisi is located in the South Caucasus at 41° 43' North Latitude and 44° 47' East Longitude. The city lies in Eastern Georgia on both banks of the Mt'k'vari River. The elevation of the city ranges from 380–770 meters above sea level (1246–1968 ft) and has the shape of an amphitheatre surrounded by mountains on three sides. To the north, Tbilisi is bounded by the Saguramo Range, to the east and south-east by the Iori Plain, to the south and west by various endings (sub-ranges) of the Trialeti Range.
The relief of Tbilisi is complex. The part of the city which lies on the left bank of the Mt'k'vari (Kura) River extends for more than 30 km (19 mi) from the Avchala District to River Lochini. The part of the city which lies on the right side of the Mt'k'vari River on the other hand is built along the foothills of the Trialeti Range, the slopes of which in many cases descend all the way to the edges of the river Mt'k'vari. The mountains, therefore, are a significant barrier to urban development on the right bank of the Mt'k'vari River. This type of a geographic environment creates pockets of very densely developed areas while other parts of the city are left undeveloped due to the complex topographic relief.
To the north of the city, there is a large reservoir (commonly known as the Tbilisi Sea) fed by irrigation canals.
Climate[link]
File:KusTba 008.jpg
Turtle Lake (Kus Tba) in January
The climate of Tbilisi can be classified as moderately humid subtropical (Köppen climate classification Cfa). The city's climate is influenced both by dry (Central Asian/Siberian) air masses from the east and humid subtropical (Atlantic/Black Sea) air masses from the west. Tbilisi experiences relatively cold winters and hot summers. Because the city is bounded on most sides by mountain ranges, the close proximity to large bodies of water (Black and Caspian Seas) and the fact that the Greater Caucasus Mountain Range (further to the north) blocks the intrusion of cold air masses from Russia, Tbilisi has a relatively mild micro-climate compared to other cities that possess a similar continental climate along the same latitudes.
The average annual temperature in Tbilisi is 12.7 °C (54.9 °F). January is the coldest month with an average temperature of 0.9 °C (33.6 °F). July is the hottest month with an average temperature of 24.4 °C (75.9 °F). The absolute minimum recorded temperature is −23 °C (−9 °F) and the absolute maximum is 40 °C (104 °F). Average annual precipitation is 568 mm (22.4 inches). May is the wettest month (90 mm) while January is the driest (20 mm). Snow falls on average 15–25 days per year. The surrounding mountains often trap the clouds within and around the city, mainly during the Spring and Autumn months, resulting in prolonged rainy and/or cloudy weather. Northwesterly winds dominate in most parts of Tbilisi throughout the year. Southeasterly winds are common as well.
| Climate data for Tbilisi | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Average high °C (°F) | 5.9 (42.6) |
7.1 (44.8) |
12.2 (54.0) |
19.3 (66.7) |
23.1 (73.6) |
27.5 (81.5) |
31.0 (87.8) |
30.2 (86.4) |
26.1 (79.0) |
19.4 (66.9) |
12.7 (54.9) |
7.8 (46.0) |
18.6 (65.5) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | 1.5 (34.7) |
2.4 (36.3) |
6.8 (44.2) |
13.0 (55.4) |
17.0 (62.6) |
21.1 (70.0) |
24.5 (76.1) |
23.7 (74.7) |
19.8 (67.6) |
13.6 (56.5) |
7.8 (46.0) |
3.4 (38.1) |
12.9 (55.2) |
| Average low °C (°F) | −1.5 (29.3) |
−0.8 (30.6) |
3.0 (37.4) |
8.1 (46.6) |
12.1 (53.8) |
16.0 (60.8) |
19.4 (66.9) |
18.6 (65.5) |
15.0 (59.0) |
9.4 (48.9) |
4.5 (40.1) |
0.5 (32.9) |
8.7 (47.7) |
| Precipitation mm (inches) | 20 (0.79) |
29 (1.14) |
31 (1.22) |
51 (2.01) |
84 (3.31) |
84 (3.31) |
41 (1.61) |
43 (1.69) |
35 (1.38) |
41 (1.61) |
35 (1.38) |
23 (0.91) |
517 (20.35) |
| Avg. precipitation days (≥ 1 mm) | 4.0 | 4.6 | 5.9 | 7.6 | 9.7 | 8.7 | 5.7 | 5.7 | 5.0 | 5.6 | 4.4 | 4.0 | 70.9 |
| Mean monthly sunshine hours | 99.2 | 104.4 | 142.6 | 171.0 | 213.9 | 249.0 | 257.3 | 248.0 | 207.0 | 164.3 | 102.0 | 93.0 | 2,051.7 |
| Source: Pogoda.ru.net,[16] Hong Kong Observatory[17] for data of avg. precipitation days and sunshine hours | |||||||||||||
People and culture[link]
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| 1801-3[4] | 4,300 | 21.5% | 14,860 | 74.3% |
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20,000 | ||||||||||
| 1864/65 winter[18] | 14,878 | 24.8% | 28,404 | 47.3% | 12,462 | 20.7% | 60,085 | ||||||||||
| 1864/65 summer[18] | 14,787 | 20.8% | 31,180 | 43.9% | 12,142 | 17.1% | 71,051 | ||||||||||
| 1876[19] | 22,156 | 21.3% | 37,610 | 36.1% | 30,813 | 29.6% | 104,024 | ||||||||||
| 1897[20] | 47,133 | 29.5% | 41,151 | 36.4% | 44,823 | 28.1% | 159,590 | ||||||||||
| 1926[5] | 112,014 | 38.1% | 100,148 | 34.1% | 45,937 | 15.6% | 294,044 | ||||||||||
| 1939[5] | 228,394 | 44% | 137,331 | 26.4% | 93,337 | 18% | 519,220 | ||||||||||
| 1959[5] | 336,257 | 48.4% | 149,258 | 21.5% | 125,674 | 18.1% | 694,664 | ||||||||||
| 1970[5] | 511,379 | 57.5% | 150,205 | 16.9% | 124,316 | 14% | 889,020 | ||||||||||
| 1979[5] | 653,242 | 62.1% | 152,767 | 14.5% | 129,122 | 12.3% | 1,052,734 | ||||||||||
| 2002 [21] | 910,712 | 84.2% | 82,586 | 7.6% | 32,580 | 3% | 1,081,679 | ||||||||||
See also: Tbilisoba
Demographics[link]
Tbilisi is a multicultural city. The city is home to more than 100 different ethnic groups. Around 89% of the population is ethnically Georgian, with significant populations of other ethnic groups such as Armenians, Russians, and Azeris. Along with the above mentioned groups, Tbilisi is also home to various other ethnic groups including Ossetians, Abkhazians, Ukrainians, Greeks, Germans, Jews, Estonians, Kurds, Assyrians, and others.
Religion[link]
More than 95% of the residents of Tbilisi practise various forms of Christianity (the most predominant of which is the Georgian Orthodox Church). The Russian Orthodox Church, which is in Full communion with the Georgian, and the Armenian Apostolic Church have significant following within the city as well. A large minority of the population (around 4%) practises Islam (mainly Sunni Islam). Judaism is also common, but to a lesser extent (about 2% of Tbilisi's population practises Judaism). Tbilisi has been historically known for religious tolerance. This is especially evident in the city's Old Town, where a mosque, synagogue, and Eastern and Oriental Orthodox churches can all be found within less than 500 metres (1,600 ft) from each other.
Sports[link]
Tbilisi has a fairly rich sports history. Like many other towns of the Near East with strong Asian cultural influences, Tbilisi historically had a special area of town that was designated for sports competitions. The present-day districts of Saburtalo and Didube[disambiguation needed ] were the most common areas where such competitions were held. Up until the beginning of the 19th century, sports such as horse-riding (polo in particular), wrestling, boxing, and marksmanship were the most popular city sports. As Tbilisi started to develop socially and economically and integrate more with the West, new sports from Europe were introduced. The Soviet period brought an increased popularization of sports that were common in Europe and to a certain extent, the United States. At the same time, Tbilisi developed the necessary sports infrastructure for various professional sports. By 1978, the city had around 250 large and small sports facilities, including among others, four indoor and six outdoor Olympic sized pools, 185 basketball courts and halls, 192 volleyball facilities, 82 handball arenas, 19 tennis courts, 31 football (soccer) fields, and five stadiums. At present, the largest stadium in Tbilisi is the Boris Paichadze Stadium (55,000 seats) and the second largest is the Mikheil Meskhi Stadium (24,680 seats). The Sports Palace which usually hosts basketball games with high attendance and tennis tournaments can seat up to approximately 11,000 people.
Vere Basketball Hall is a smaller indoor sports arena with a 2,500 seating capacity.
The most popular sports in Tbilisi today are football, rugby union, basketball, and wrestling. Also popular sports include tennis, swimming and water polo. There are several professional football and rugby teams as well as wrestling clubs. U.S. National Basketball Association players Zaza Pachulia and Nikoloz Tskitishvili are Tbilisi natives. Outside of professional sports, the city has a number of inter-collegiate and amateur sports teams and clubs.
Tbilisi's signature football team, Dinamo Tbilisi, has not won a major European championship since 1981, when it won the European Cup Winners' Cup and became the easternmost team in Europe to achieve the feat. The basketball club Dinamo Tbilisi won the Euroleague in 1962 but also never repeated any such feat.
Media[link]
The large majority of Georgia's media companies (including television, newspaper and radio) are headquartered in Tbilisi. The city is home to the popular Rustavi 2 television channel which gained considerable fame after its coverage of the Rose Revolution. In addition to Rustavi 2, the remaining three out of the four major public television channels of Georgia (including Imedi TV Mze and the Public Broadcasting Channel) are based in the city as well. Tbilisi's television market has experienced notable changes since the second half of 2005 when Rustavi 2 successfully bought out the Mze TV Company and Rupert Murdoch's News Corporation became a shareholder of Imedi Media Holding at the beginning of 2006. By taking over the Imedi Media Holding Group, News Corporation entered the Post-Soviet media market for the first time in the company's history.[citation needed]
Tbilisi has a number of newspaper publishing houses. Some of the most noteworthy newspapers include the daily 24 Saati ("24 Hours"), Rezonansi ("Resonance"), Alia, the English-language daily The Messenger, weekly FINANCIAL, Georgia Today, and the English-language weekly The Georgian Times. Out of the city's radio stations Imedi Radio (105.9 FM), Fortuna, and Radio 105 are some of the more influential competitors with large national audiences.
Architecture[link]
The architecture in the city is a mixture of local (Georgian), with strong influences of Byzantine, European/Russian (neo-classical), and Middle Eastern architectural styles. The oldest parts of town, including the Abanot-Ubani, Avlabari, and to a certain extent the Sololaki districts clearly have a traditional Georgian architectural look with Middle Eastern influences. The areas of Tbilisi which were built up mainly in the 19th century (Rustaveli Avenue, Vera district, etc.) have a contrasting European/Russian (neoclassical) look. The turn of the 20th century was marked with an architectural revival, notably, with an art nouveau style. With the establishment of the communist government the style was decreed as bourgeois and largely neglected. Architecture of the later 20th century can mainly be identified with the type of building style that was common during the Soviet Era throughout the Soviet Union.
This included building large, concrete apartment blocks as well as social, cultural, and office facilities, like for example the Tbilisi Roads Ministry Building. Since the break-up of the Soviet Union, Tbilisi has been the site of uncontrolled/unsanctioned building projects. Since 2004, the city government has taken new initiatives to curb uncontrolled construction projects with mixed success. In the near future, Tbilisi will have three skyscraper complexes. The Axis Towers, Redix Chavchavadze 64, and the new Ajara Hotel/Business Complex, which is currently under construction will be the tallest buildings/skyscrapers in the Caucasus.
Main sights[link]
Tbilisi has a number of important landmarks and sightseeing locations. The Parliament and the government (State Chancellery) buildings of Georgia, as well as the Supreme Court of Georgia, are all located in Tbilisi. The city also has important cultural landmarks such as the Tbilisi State Conservatoire, Tbilisi Opera and Ballet Theatre, Shota Rustaveli State Academic Theatre, Marjanishvili State Academic Theatre, the Sameba Cathedral, the Vorontsov's Palace (also known as the Children's Palace today), many state museums, the National Public Library of the Parliament of Georgia, the National Bank of Georgia and other important institutions. During the Soviet times, Tbilisi continuously ranked in the top 4 cities in the Soviet Union for the number of museums.
Out of the city's historic landmarks, the most notable locations are the Narikala fortress (4th–17th century), Anchiskhati Church (6th century, built up in the 16th century), Sioni Cathedral (8th century, later rebuilt), Church of Metekhi (13th century), etc.
Transport[link]
The Tbilisi Metro serves the city with rapid transit subway services. It was the Soviet Union's fourth metro system. Construction began in 1952, and was finished in 1966. The system operates two lines, the Akhmeteli-Varketili Line and the Saburtalo Line. It has 22 stations. and 186 metro cars. Most stations, like those on other Soviet-built metro systems, are extravagantly decorated. Trains run from 6:00 am to midnight. Due to the uneven ground, the rail lines run above ground level in some areas. Two of the stations are above ground.
The Tbilisi Metro underwent a campaign of modernization. Stations were reconstructed, and trains and facilities were modernized. In 2005, President Mikheil Saakashvili charged Director General Zurab Kikalishvili with bringing the station up to European standards by 2007. In 2006, the city's budget allocated 16 million Lari for the project. A third line is being planned, which will encompass the Vake District. The three lines will form a triangle, and intersect in the city center.
Tbilisi had a tram network, since 1883 starting from horse driven trams and from 25 December 1904 electric tramway, When Soviet Union demolished electric transport went to a degradation state within the years and finally the only tram line left was closed on 4 December 2006 together with 2 trolleybus lines which were left.[22][23] There are plans to construct a modern tram network.[24][25]
The most dominant form of transportation is the marshrutka. An elaborate marshrutka system has grown in Tbilisi over the recent years. In addition to the city, several lines also serve the surrounding countryside of Tbilisi. Throughout the city a fixed price is paid regardless of the distance (50 tetri in 2011). For longer trips outside the city, higher fares are common. There are no predefined stops for the marshrutka lines, they are hailed from the streets like taxis and each passenger can exit whenever he likes.
Economy[link]
![[icon]](http://web.archive.org./web/20130301064042/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg){kind=small} |
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Georgian Airways has its head office in Tbilisi.[26]
Education[link]
Tbilisi is home to several major institutions of higher education: The biggest Georgian university is Tbilisi State University which was established on 8 February 1918. TSU is the oldest university in the whole Caucasus region. Over 35,000 students are enrolled and the total number of faculty and staff (collaborators) is approximately 5,000. Tbilisi is also home to the largest medical university in Caucasus region – Tbilisi State Medical University, which was founded as Tbilisi Medical Institute in 1918 and became the Faculty of Medicine within the Tbilisi State University (TSU) in 1930. Tbilisi State Medical Institute has been renamed to Medical University in 1992. Since that University operates as an independent educational institution. TSMU became one of the high-ranking state-supported institutions of higher education in the whole Caucasus region. Currently there are almost 5000 undergraduate and 203 postgraduate students at the University of whom 10% come from foreign countries. Georgia's main and largest technical university named – Georgian Technical University is also located in Tbilisi.Georgian Technical University was founded in 1922 as a polytechnic faculty of the Tbilisi State University. The first lecture in the walls of this establishment was read by the world famous Georgian mathematician Professor Andria Razmadze.It achieved University status by 1990. The two most popular private higher educational institution in Georgia Caucasus University and Free University of Tbilisi are also located in Tbilisi. Caucasus University was established in 2004 as an expansion of the Caucasus School of Business (CSB) (established in 1998) by a consortium consisting of Tbilisi State University and Georgian Technical University in partnership with Georgia State University (Atlanta, USA). Free University of Tbilisi was established in 2007 through the merger of two higher education schools – European School of Management (ESM-Tbilisi) and Tbilisi Institute of Asia and Africa (TIAA). Today Free University comprises three schools – Business School (ESM), Institute of Asia and Africa and Law School delivering academic programs at undergraduate, graduate and doctorate levels. In addition, Free University conducts a wide array of short-term courses, runs several research centers and summer school programs.
Higher educational institutions in Tbilisi:
- Tbilisi State University
- Georgian Technical University
- Ilia Chavchavadze State University
- Tbilisi State Conservatory
- Tbilisi State Medical University
- Caucasus University
- Free University of Tbilisi
- Grigol Robakidze University – Alma Mater
- Georgian American University
- International Black Sea University
- Georgian Institute of Public Affairs
- Georgian Agrarian University
International relations[link]
Twin towns and sister cities[link]
Brother cities[link]
Tbilisi has a brother city:[29]
Partnerships[link]
See also[link]
- Abo Tbileli, the patron saint of Tbilisi
- List of Famous Tbilisians
- Tbilisi International Airport
- Baku-Tbilisi-Ceyhan pipeline
- Georgia Tbilisi TV Broadcasting Tower
- Tbilisi Botanical Garden
Bibliography[link]
- Georgian State (Soviet) Encyclopedia. 1983. Book 4. pp. 595–604.
- Minorsky, V., Tiflis in Encyclopaedia of Islam
- ICOMOS Heritage at Risk 2001/2002: Georgia, Tbilisi Historic District
References[link]
Notations[link]
- Giorgi Lomsadze (June 13, 2008). "In Tbilisi, a Battle Over Buildings Fires Investment Debate". Eurasianet.org. http://www.eurasianet.org/departments/insight/articles/eav061308.shtml.
- Tara Bahrampour (July 29, 2008). "Push to Rebuild Brings Protest in Georgia's Capital". The Washington Post. http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2008/07/28/AR2008072802867.html.
Footnotes[link]
- ^ Pospelov, E.M. (1998). Geograficheskie nazvaniya mira. Moscow. p. 412.
- ^ "The Golden Age Of Georgia". Dictionary of Georgian National Biography. http://www.georgianbiography.com/history4.html. Retrieved 2008-02-02.
- ^ "Country Overview". Invest in Georgia. Archived from the original on 2008-01-01. http://web.archive.org/web/20080101022941/http://www.investingeorgia.info/georgia_profile/country_overview/. Retrieved 2008-02-02. "This early Georgian renaissance ... preceded its European analogue by several hundred years"
- ^ a b Ronald Grigor Suny (1994). The making of the Georgian nation. Indiana University Press. pp. 116–. ISBN 978-0-253-20915-3. http://books.google.com/books?id=riW0kKzat2sC&pg=PA116. Retrieved 16 November 2011.
- ^ a b c d e f (Russian) Ethno-Caucasus, население Кавказа, республика Грузия, население Грузии
- ^ Marshall, David (1962). History of Modern Georgia. p. 211.
- ^ Jones, Stephen F. (2005). Socialism in Georgian Colors. London.
- ^ Marshall, David (1962). History of Modern Georgia.
- ^ Rukhadze, Vasili; Tobias Moerschen (2007). "Analysis of Tbilisi's Real Estate Boom". http://www.nbg.gov.ge/uploads/workingpaper/nbgwp01.08.pdf. Retrieved 22 November 2009.
- ^ "Rustavi 2". Rustavi 2. http://www.rustavi2.com/news/news_text.php?id_news=39070&pg=1&im=main. Retrieved 2011-06-03.
- ^ Sergey Gevenov. "Tbilisi railway project to start : Story by Nino Edilashvili : Georgia Today on the Web". Georgiatoday.ge. http://www.georgiatoday.ge/article_details.php?id=7945. Retrieved 2011-06-03.
- ^ "Issue 1, 2010 – Tbilisi 2010". Investor.ge. http://www.investor.ge/issues/2010_1/10.htm. Retrieved 2011-06-03.
- ^ (Georgian) საქართველოს დედაქალაქის – თბილისის შესახებ. The Parliament of Georgia. Retrieved on May 22, 2007.
- ^ Karl Baedeker, Russia: A Handbook for Travelers (Arno Press, 1971, reprint of 1914 ed.), p. 467.
- ^ JSC IBERIA Realty Architectural Competition.
- ^ Pogoda.ru.net
- ^ "Climatological Information for Tbilisi, Georgia" – Hong Kong Observatory
- ^ a b (Russian) Тифлис // Географическо-статистический словарь Российской империи.St. Petersburg, 1885, p. 133 (Note: this is a 'one-day census' of unknown scope and methodology).
- ^ Ronald Grigor Suny (1994). The making of the Georgian nation. Indiana University Press. p. 368. ISBN 978-0-253-20915-3. http://books.google.com/books?id=riW0kKzat2sC&pg=PA368. Retrieved 29 December 2011. (one-day census of Tiflis)
- ^ (Russian) Первая всеобщая перепись населения Российской Империи 1897 г.. Изд. Центр. стат. комитета МВД: Тифлисская губерния. — St. Petersburg, 1905, pp. 74—75.(Note: the census did not contain a question on ethnicity, which was deduced from data on mother tongue, social estate and occupation)[1]
- ^ Ethnic groups by major administrative-territorial units
- ^ "Subways and Trams In Georgia: Tbilisi". 2010-12-24. http://www.subways.net/georgia/tbilisi.htm. Retrieved 2010-12-24.
- ^ "georgiandaily.com – Nostalgic Tbilisi residents want their tramway back". 2010-12-24. http://georgiandaily.com/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=5011&Itemid=70. Retrieved 2010-12-24. "-"
- ^ "Railway Gazette: Tbilisi tram design contract signed". 2010-12-24. http://www.railwaygazette.com/nc/news/single-view/view/tbilisi-tram-design-contract-signed.html. Retrieved 2010-12-24.
- ^ "Trams to return? : by Salome Kobalava : Georgia Today on the Web". 2010-12-24. http://www.georgiatoday.ge/article_details.php?id=8365. Retrieved 2010-12-24.
- ^ "Head office." (direct image link) Georgian Airways. Retrieved on 6 October 2010.
- ^ a b c d e f g h "Tbilisi Municipal Portal – Sister Cities". © 2009 – Tbilisi City Hall. http://www.tbilisi.gov.ge/index.php?lang_id=ENG&sec_id=4571. Retrieved 2009-06-16.
- ^ "Bristol City – Town twinning". © 2009 Bristol City Council. http://www.bristol.gov.uk/ccm/navigation/leisure-and-culture/tourism-and-travel/town-twinning/. Retrieved 2009-07-17.
- ^ a b "TREND: Tbilisi, Vilnius become brother cities". en.trend.az. http://en.trend.az/news/cis/georgia/1492690.html. Retrieved 2009-10-12.
- ^ "Kraków otwarty na świat". www.krakow.pl. http://www.krakow.pl/otwarty_na_swiat/?LANG=UK&MENU=l&TYPE=ART&ART_ID=16. Retrieved 2009-07-19.
External links[link]
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Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Tbilisi |
- Official website of the City of Tbilisi
- Tbilisi city guide, includes daily events calendar
- Live Webcam in Tbilisi
- DESIGNTbilisi
Coordinates: 41°43′N 44°47′E / 41.717°N 44.783°E / 41.717; 44.783
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