"Shantytown" redirects here. For the created gold-mining town in New Zealand, see Shantytown, New Zealand.

Shanty town in Soweto, South Africa, 2005

A shanty town (also called a squatter settlement) is a slum settlement (sometimes illegal or unauthorized) of impoverished people who live in improvised dwellings made from scrap materials: often plywood, corrugated metal and sheets of plastic. Shanty towns, which are usually built on the periphery of cities, often do not have proper sanitation, electricity or telephone services.

Shanty towns are mostly found in developing nations, or partially developed nations with an unequal distribution of wealth. In extreme cases, shanty towns have populations approaching that of a city. As of 2005^[update], one billion people, one-sixth of the world's population, live in shanty towns.^[1]

Etymology[link]

Shanty may have derived from the Irish Gaelic seantigh, pronounced shant-tí, meaning "old house". The synonym shack may also have passed from Gaelic into English from teach, pronounced chaċ, meaning "house". Both words appeared in American English in the 1880s, when Irish migrants were flooding into New York's tenements. ^[2]

Features[link]

Cité Soleil, Haiti, 2002

Since construction is informal and unguided by urban planning, there is a near total absence of formal street grids, numbered streets, sewage network, electricity, or telephones. Even if these resources are present, they are likely to be disorganized, old or inferior. Shanty towns also tend to lack basic services present in more formally organized settlements, including policing, medical services and fire fighting. Fires are a particular danger for shanty towns not only for the lack of fire fighting stations and the difficulty fire trucks have traversing the absence of formal street grids,^[3] but also because of the high density of buildings and flammability of materials used in construction^[4] A sweeping fire on the hills of Shek Kip Mei, Hong Kong, in late 1953 left 53,000 squatter dwellers homeless, prompting the colonial government to institute a resettlement estate system.

Shanty towns have high rates of crime, suicide, drug use and disease. However the observer Georg Gerster has noted (with specific reference to the invasões of Brasilia), "squatter settlements [as opposed to slums], despite their unattractive building materials, may also be places of hope, scenes of a counter-culture, with an encouraging potential for change and a strong upward impetus." (1978)^[5] Stewart Brand has also written, more recently, that "squatter cities are Green. They have maximum density—­a million people per square mile in Mumbai—­and minimum energy and mate­rial use. People get around by foot, bicycle, rickshaw, or the universal shared taxi ... Not everything is efficient in the slums, though. In the Brazilian favelas where electricity is stolen and therefore free, Jan Chipchase from Nokia found that people leave their lights on all day. In most slums recycling is literally a way of life." (2010)^[6]

Examples[link]

Shacks in the shanty town of Kibera, Kenya.

Shanty towns are present in a number of countries. The largest shanty town in Asia is the Orangi Township, in Karachi, Pakistan.^{[7][8][dead link]} while the largest in Africa is Khayelitsha in Cape Town, South Africa^{[citation needed]}. While shanty towns are less common in Europe, the growing influx of illegal immigrants have fueled shantytowns in cities commonly used as a point of entry into the EU, including Athens and Patras in Greece.^[9]

In francophone countries, shanty towns are referred to as bidonvilles (French for "can town"); such countries include Tunisia, Haiti, and France itself – see bidonvilles in France.

Other countries with shanty towns include India, South Africa (where they are often called squatter camps) or imijondolo, Kenya, the Philippines (often called squatter areas), Venezuela (where they are known as barrios), Brazil (favelas), Argentina villas miseria), West Indies such as Jamaica and Trinidad and Tobago (where they are known as Shanty town), and Peru (where they are known as "young towns"). There are also shanty town population in countries such as Bangladesh^[10] and the People's Republic of China.^[11][12][13]

First world countries[link]

Although shantytowns are less common in first world countries, there are some cities that suffer from the shanty town condition. In Madrid, Spain, a low-class neighborhood named La Cañada Real (which is considered a shanty town) has no schools, nurseries or health clinics. Some homes have no running water and rubble and trash is everywhere.^[14] In Portugal, shanty towns known as "barracas" are made up of immigrants from former Portuguese African colonies and Gypsies from Romania. The settlements are so bad that they can be compared to other shanty towns in third world countries.^[15] In the United States, some cities such as Newark and Oakland suffer from high rates of poverty (28% in Newark and 17% in Oakland) and lead to the creation of tent cities. In Canada, the cities of Toronto, Vancouver, and Montreal have various "tent-like cities" or "box-cart neighborhoods" that are often comparable to the shanty towns in the developing world. Other settlements in developed countries that are comparable to shanty towns include the Colonias on the border between the United States and Mexico, and bidonvilles in France, which may exist in the peripheries of some cities.

Development[link]

While most shanty towns begin as precarious establishments haphazardly thrown together without basic social and civil services, over time many have undergone a significant amount of development. Often the residents themselves are responsible for the major improvements.^[16] Community organizations sometimes working alongside NGO's, private companies, and the government, set up connections to the municipal water supply, pave roads, and build local schools.^[16] Many of these shanties have become middle class suburbs. One such extreme example is the Los Olivos Neighborhood of Lima, Peru. The Megaplaza shopping mall, one of Lima's largest, along with gated communities, casinos, and even plastic surgery clinics, are just a few of many developments that have transformed what used to be a decrepit shanty.^[16] Brazilian favelas have also seen huge improvements in recent years, enough so to attract tourists who flock to catch a glimpse of the colorful lifestyle perched atop Rio de Janeiro's highlands.^[17] Development occurs over a long period of time and newer towns still lack basic services. Nevertheless there has been a general trend whereby shanties undergo gradual improvements, rather than relocation to even more distant parts of a metropolis and replacement by gated communities constructed over their ruins.^[18]

See also[link]

Regional names[link]

• Asentamientos in Guatemala
• Campamentos or poblaciones callampa in Chile.
• Zona marginal in Mexico
• Colonias or "Migrant camps" on the Mexico – United States border
• Favelas in Brazil
• Cantegril in Uruguay
• Gecekondu in Turkey
• Hoovervilles in the United States (historical)
• Bidonvilles in France
• Pueblos jóvenes (young towns) or barriadas in Peru
• Villas Miseria or just villas in Argentina
• Tent cities in the United States
• Barrios de invasión in Colombia
• Invasiones in Puerto Rico
• Basti in India
• Baraccopoli in Italy

Specific places[link]

• Favela da Rocinha (Rio de Janeiro, Brazil)
  • see also List of favelas in Brazil
• Cité Soleil (Haiti)
• Dharavi (India)
• Joe Slovo (Cape Town, South Africa)
• Kibera (Nairobi, Kenya)
• Khayelitsha (Cape Town, South Africa)

People and organizations[link]

• Akhtar Hameed Khan
• CEIFAR
• Hernando de Soto (economist)
• Mike Davis (scholar)
• Chinese New Village (Malaysia)
• Orangi Pilot Project
• Slum Dwellers International
• Slum upgrading
• United Nations Human Settlements Programme
• Western Cape Anti-Eviction Campaign
• The Susso, welfare in Australia originating in the Great Depression
• Occupy Wallstreet

Related concepts[link]

• Dormitory
• Ghetto
• Flophouse
• Favela
• Hobo
• Slumlord
• Poverty in France
• Refugee shelter
• Skid row
• Slumdog Millionaire (film)
• District 9 (film)
• City of God (film)
• Squatting
• Tent city
• Trailer park
• Urban decay

References[link]

External links[link]

Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Shanty towns

• Slate article about an economist proposing New Orleans to be reconstructed with shanties
• Photos of Dharavi, a shanty town in Mumbai, India.

Desmond Dekker
Dekker performing in San Francisco, California on 22 April 2005.
Background information
Birth name	Desmond Adolphus Dacres
Born	(1941-07-16)16 July 1941 Kingston, Jamaica
Died	25 May 2006(2006-05-25) (aged 64) Thornton Heath, Greater London, England, U.K.
Genres	Ska, rocksteady, reggae
Occupations	Singer-songwriter, musician
Instruments	Vocals
Years active	1963 – 2006
Labels	Island, Rhino, Pyramid, Trojan, Cactus, Stiff
Website	Official website

Desmond Dekker (16 July 1941 – 25 May 2006^[1]) was a Jamaican ska, rocksteady and reggae singer-songwriter and musician. Together with his backing group, The Aces (consisting of Wilson James and Easton Barrington Howard), he had one of the first international Jamaican hits with "Israelites". Other hits include "007 (Shanty Town)" (1967) and "It Miek" (1969). Before the ascent of Bob Marley, Dekker was one of the most popular musicians within Jamaica, and one of its best-known musicians outside it.^[2]

Early life[link]

He was born Desmond Adolphus Dacres in St. Andrew, Jamaica and grew up in Kingston, where he attended the Alpha Boys' School. After his mother took ill and died, his father moved him to St. Mary, and then to St. Thomas, where he apprenticed as a tailor before returning to Kingston and taking a job as a welder, singing around his workplace while his co-workers encouraged him.^[2] In 1961 he auditioned for Coxsone Dodd (Studio One) and Duke Reid (Treasure Isle). Neither was impressed by his talents, and the young man moved on to Leslie Kong's Beverley's record label, where he auditioned before Derrick Morgan, then the label's biggest star.^[2]

Career[link]

With Morgan's support, Dekker was signed but did not record until 1963 because Kong wanted to wait for the perfect song, which "Honour Your Mother and Father" was felt to be. "Honour Your Mother and Father" was a hit and was followed by "Sinners Come Home" and "Labour for Learning", and at this time Desmond Dacres became Desmond Dekker. His fourth hit made him into one of the island's biggest stars. It was "King of Ska", a rowdy and jubilant song on which Dekker was backed by The Cherrypies (also known as The Maytals). Dekker then recruited four brothers, Carl, Patrick, Clive and Barry who became his backing band, The Four Aces.^[2]

Dekker and the Howards recorded a number of hits including "Parents", "Get Up Edina", "This Woman" and "Mount Zion". Until 1967 Dekker's songs were polite and conveyed respectable, mainstream messages. In that year, however, he appeared on Derrick Morgan's "Tougher Than Tough", which helped begin a trend of popular songs glamorizing the violent rude boy culture. Dekker's own songs did not go to the extremes of many other popular tunes, though he did introduce lyrics that resonated with the rude boys starting with one of his best-known songs, "007 (Shanty Town)". The song established Dekker as a rude boy icon and he also became an established hero in the United Kingdom's mod scene.^{[citation needed]} "007 (Shanty Town)" was a Top 15 hit in the UK, and Dekker toured that country with a posse of mods following him.^[2]

Dekker continued with songs in the same vein such as "Rude Boy Train" and "Rudie Got Soul", as well as continuing with his previous themes of religion and morality in songs like "It's a Shame", "Wise Man", "Hey Grandma", "Unity", "If It Pays", "Mother's Young Girl" and "Sabotage". His "Pretty Africa" is a long-standing favourite among his fans and may be the earliest popular song promoting repatriation. Many of the hits from this era came from his debut album, 007 (Shanty Town).^[2]

In 1968 Dekker's "Israelites" was released, eventually topping the UK Singles Chart and peaking in the Top Ten of the US Billboard Hot 100 during the summer of 1969. Dekker was the first Jamaican artist to have a hit record in the US with a form and style that was purely Jamaican, though he never repeated the feat. That same year saw the release of "Beautiful and Dangerous", "Writing on the Wall", "Music Like Dirt" (which won the Festival Song Contest), "Bongo Girl" and "Shing a Ling".^[2] Also in 1968, he was referenced by The Beatles in the ska-influenced, Paul McCartney penned song, "Ob-La-Di, Ob-La-Da" (from The White Album) starting with the lyric: - "Desmond has a barrow in the market-place".^[3]

1969 saw the release of "It Mek", which first had only lukewarm success but was re-recorded and then became a hit both in Jamaica and the UK. Dekker also released "Problems" and "Pickney Gal", both of which were popular in Jamaica but had only limited success elsewhere.^[2]

1970s[link]

In the 1970s Dekker spent most of his time touring and moved to the UK, where he continued to record. Among his best known releases of this period was "You Can Get It If You Really Want", written by Jimmy Cliff. Dekker had not wanted to record it but was persuaded by Leslie Kong.^[2] Dekker's version uses the same instrumental backing track as Cliff's original. Kong, whose production had been a crucial part of both Dekker's and Cliff's careers, died in 1971, and so both of his protegés lost direction for a period before returning to music.^[2]

Dekker continued recording, but with only limited success until he began working with the production duo Bruce Anthony in 1974. His first hit with the pair was 1975's UK top 20 hit "Sing a Little Song". After the UK top ten re-charting of "Israelites" in 1975, Dekker did not chart in the UK again for some time. Dekker also found only a limited audience in Jamaica.^[2]

At the end of the 1970s, Dekker signed with Stiff Records, a punk label linked with the 2 Tone movement, a fusion of punk and ska. He recorded an album called Black & Dekker which featured his previous hits backed by The Rumour, Graham Parker's backing band and the Akrylykz (featuring Roland Gift, later of the Fine Young Cannibals).^[4] "Israelites" became the first hit and a Top Ten Belgian hit and was followed by "Please Don't Bend", Jimmy Cliff's "Many Rivers to Cross" and "Book of Rules". His next album was Compass Point, produced by Robert Palmer. Though it did not sell well, Dekker was still a popular live performer and toured with The Rumour.^[2]

1980s and later[link]

In the early 1980s, as the 2 Tone movement died out, he saw his fortunes dwindle and he was declared bankrupt in 1984.^[5] Only a single live album was released in the late 80s, but a new version of "Israelites" reawakened public interest in 1990, following its use in a Maxell advertisement. He re-recorded some old singles, and worked with The Specials for 1992's King of Kings, which used hits from Dekker's musical heroes, including Derrick Morgan. He also collaborated on a remix version of "Israelites" with reggae artist Apache Indian.^[2]

Dekker died of a heart attack on 25 May 2006, at his home in Thornton Heath in the London Borough of Croydon, England, aged 64.^[2] He was preparing to headline a world music festival in Prague. Dekker was divorced, and is survived by his son and daughter.^[6]

Backing band[link]

The Aces - The current line up for Dekker's backing band, who are still performing tribute concerts includes:

• Delroy Williams - Backing Vocals / M.C.
• Gordon Mulrain - Bass guitarist and session musician. Mulrain is also known as music producer 'Innerheart' and co-founder of British record label Ambiel Music.
• Aubrey Mulrain - Keyboard player and session musician.
• Steve Roberts - Guitarist and session musician, also a member of the British band Dubzone.
• Leroy Green - Drums and session musician.
• Stan Samuel - Guitarist and session musician
• Charles Nelson - Keyboard player and session musician.

This particular line-up also recorded with Dekker on some of his later studio sessions in the 1990s.

Discography[link]

Albums[link]

• 007 Shanty Town (1967) Doctor Bird (Desmond Dekker & the Aces)
• Action! (1968) (Desmond Dekker & the Aces)
• This Is Desmond Dekkar (1969) - Trojan Records (UK #27)^[7]
• Israelites (1969) Doctor Bird
• Intensified (1970) - Lagoon
• You Can Get It If You Really Want (1970) - Trojan
• Black And Dekker (1980) Stiff
• Compass Point (1981) Stiff
• King of Kings with The Specials (1993) - Trojan Records
• Halfway to Paradise, Seventeen wonderful new recordings from the King of Ska(1999) - Trojan

Compilation albums[link]

• Double Dekker (1973) Trojan
• Dekker's Sweet 16 Hits (1979) Trojan
• The Original Reggae Hitsound (1985) Trojan
• 20 Golden Pieces of Desmond Dekker (1987) Bulldog
• The Official Live and Rare (1987) Trojan
• Greatest Hits (1988) Streetlife
• The Best of & The Rest of (1990) Action Replay
• Music Like Dirt (1992) Trojan
• Rockin' Steady - The Best of Desmond Dekker (1992) Rhino
• Crucial Cuts (1993) Music Club
• Israelites (1994) Laserlight
• Action (1995) Lagoon
• Voice of Ska (1995) Emporio
• Moving On (1996) Trojan
• The Israelites (1996) Marble Arch
• First Time for a Long Time (1997) Trojan
• Desmond Dekker Archive (1997) Rialto
• The Writing on the Wall (1998) Trojan
• Israelites (1999) Castle Pie
• Israelites: The Best Of Desmond Dekker (1963–1971) - Trojan (1999)
• Desmond Dekker (2000) Snapper
• The Very Best Of (2000) Jet Set
• This Is Desmond Dekker (Bonus Tracks) - Trojan (2006)

Singles[link]

Early solo singles[link]

• "Honour Your Mother and Father" (1963) Island (as Desmond Dekker & Beverley's Allstars)
• "Parents" (1964) Island
• "King of Ska" (1964) Island (as Desmond Dekkar and his Cherry Pies)
• "Dracula" (1964) Black Swan (as Desmond Dekkar)

Desmond Dekker & the Four Aces[link]

• "Generosity" (1965) Island
• "Get Up Adina" (1965) Island
• "This Woman" (1965) Island
• "Mount Zion" (1965) Island

Desmond Dekker & the Aces[link]

• "007 (Shanty Town)" (1967) - Doctor Bird
• "Wise Man" (1967) Pyramid
• "007 Shanty Town" (1967) Pyramid
• "It's a Shame" (1967) Pyramid
• "Rudy Got Soul" (1967) Pyramid
• "Rude Boy Train" (1967) Pyramid
• "Mother's Young Gal" (1967) Pyramid
• "Unity" (1967) Pyramid
• "Sabotage" (1967) Pyramid
• "It Pays" (1967) Pyramid
• "Beautiful and Dangerous" (1967) Pyramid
• "Bongo Gal" (1967) Pyramid
• "To Sir, With Love" (1967) Pyramid
• "Mother Pepper" (1967) Pyramid
• "Hey Grandma" (1967) Pyramid
• "Music Like Dirt (Intensified)" (1967) Pyramid
• "It Miek" (1968) Pyramid
• "Israelites" (1968) - Pyramid (UK #1, U.S. #9)^[7]
• "Christmas Day" (1968) Pyramid
• "It Miek" (1969) - Pyramid (UK #7)^[7]
• "Pickney Gal" (1969) - Pyramid (UK #42)^[7]

Later solo singles[link]

• "You Can Get It If You Really Want" (1970) - Trojan
• "The Song We Used to Sing" (1970) Trojan
• "Licking Stick" (1971) Trojan
• "It Gotta Be So" (1972) Trojan
• "Beware" (1972) Rhino
• "Sing a Little Song" (1973) Rhino
• "Everybody Join Hands" (1973) Rhino
• "Busted Lad" (1974) Rhino
• "Israelites (re-recording)" (1975) - Cactus (UK #10)^[7]
• "Sing A Little Song" (1975) - Cactus (UK #16)^[7]
• "Roots Rock" (1977) Feelgood
• "Israelites (new mix)" (1980) Stiff
• "Please Don't Bend" (1980) Stiff
• "Many Rivers to Cross" (1980) Stiff
• "We Can and Shall" (1981) Stiff
• "Book of Rules" (1982) Stiff
• "Hot City" (1983) Stiff
• "Jamaica Ska" (1993) Trojan

References[link]

External links[link]

• Official website
• Desmond Dekker in Comanche Park video Sony Records (1994)
• Jamaica Observer reports death, retrieved 26 May 2006.
• Reggae legend Desmond Dekker dies (BBC News)
• Rockin' Steady: The Best Of Desmond Dekker (Rhino 1992)
• "Desmond Dekker Came First" - tribute and Q&A with Delroy Williams, Complicated Fun, 2 June 2006
• 1999 interview
• London Guardian obituary

Ken Boothe OD (born 22 March 1948,^[1] Denham Town, Kingston, Jamaica) is a Jamaican recording artist.

Biography[link]

Ken Boothe was born in the Denham Town area of Kingston in 1948, the youngest of seven children, and began singing in school.^[2] His recording career began in the late 1950s when he formed a duo with his neighbour Stranger Cole as 'Stranger & Ken', the first tracks released by them being "Hush Baby" on the B-side of Cole's Island Records single "Last Love", and the "Thick in Love" single on R&B Records, both in 1963.^[3] They released several more popular singles between 1963 and 1965, including "World's Fair", "Hush", and "Artibella". Boothe also recorded as a duo with Roy Shirley (as Roy & Ken), releasing the "Paradise" single in 1966.^[3]

His first solo tracks were recorded in 1966 after Clement "Coxsone" Dodd had signed him to the Studio One Label. He also recorded material for Phil Pratt and Sonia Pottinger the same year. He had almost immediate success with songs like "The Train Is Coming" (on which he was backed by The Wailers) and "Lonely Teardrops" and by the following year, Boothe and Alton Ellis had a successful UK tour with the Studio One session group, The Soul Vendors. Boothe was promoted as "Mr. Rock Steady" by Dodd during this period. Boothe continued to record for Dodd until 1970, when he switched to Leslie Kong's Beverley's Records, where his success continued with hits such as "Freedom Street" and "Why baby Why".^[4]

Following Kong's death, Boothe recorded for many of Jamaica's top producers during the early 1970s, including Keith Hudson, Herman Chin Loy, Vincent "Randy" Chin, and Phil Pratt.^[4] He then formed the group Conscious Minds with B.B. Seaton.

Then under a new direction from record producer Lloyd Charmers, Boothe released "Everything I Own" on Trojan Records, which reached Number One in the UK Singles charts in 1974. The song, written by David Gates, was given a sympathetic light reggae feel and it received airplay and an appreciative audience in the West Indies and was regularly played on the radio stations of the UK due to its "crossover" appeal. David Gates' own group, Bread, had had a minor UK hit with the song in the Spring of 1972, but it had only reached Number 32.^[5]

An unusual fact about Boothe's cover version is that he sings 'Anything I Own', rather than 'Everything I Own' throughout, meaning that the title of the record is never sung. There have been other examples of this at Number One in the UK Singles Chart, such as "Bohemian Rhapsody"; "Unchained Melody"; "Annie's Song"; "The Chicken Song"; and "Space Oddity"; but Boothe's record is the only one on which the title should have been sung, but was not by mistake.^[6]

Boothe only managed one more hit in the UK Chart during the 1970s, "Crying Over You", which made Number 11, with Trojan Records' collapse and a split with Charmers losing much of the momentum built up by his two hits.^[1][6]

In 1978, along with Dillinger and Leroy Smart, Boothe was referenced by lyricist Joe Strummer in The Clash's track, "(White Man) In Hammersmith Palais".

Boothe reunited with Charmers in the late 1970s when a revived Trojan Records released the albums Blood Brothers (first issued on LTD in 1976) and Who Get's Your Love, but the reunion proved to be short-lived.^[1] He continued to record during the 1980s and had a few hits during 1986 and 1987.^[1]

In 1987, Boy George released a version of "Everything I Own" which charted or reached Number One in many countries.^[7] His rendition owed far more in styling to Boothe's version than the original by Bread. This sparked renewed interest in Boothe's version, which was reissued the same year, reaching number 88 in the UK.^[8]

In more recent times, Boothe has recorded for Bunny Lee, Phil Pratt, King Jammy, Pete Weston, Jack Ruby, Hugh "Red Man" James, Castro Brown and Tappa Zukie. Plus in 1995, he teamed up with Shaggy, for a new styled version of his old self penned track, "The Train Is Coming", which appeared on the soundtrack of the film, Money Train.^[1]

A double-disc overview of Boothe's Trojan years, Crying Over You, was released by the record label in 2001.^[1]

Boothe was awarded the Order of Distinction for his contribution to Jamaican music by the Jamaican government in 2003.^[9]

Discography[link]

Albums[link]

• Mr. Rock Steady (1968), Studio One
• More of Ken Boothe (1968), Studio One
• Freedom Street (1970), Beverley's
• The Great Ken Boothe Meets B.B. Seaton and The Gaylads (1971), Jaguar
• Boothe Unlimited (1972), Federal
• Black Gold and Green (1972), Trojan
• Everything I Own (1974), Trojan
• Let's Get It On (1974), Trojan
• Blood Brothers (1976), LTD
• Live Good (1978), United Artists
• Disco Reggae (1978), Phil Pratt
• Who Gets Your Love (1979), Trojan
• I'm Just a Man (1979), Bunny Lee - also released as Memories
• Showcase (1978), Sonic Sounds
• Reggae For Lovers (1979), Generation
• Got To Get Away Showcase (197?), Phil Pratt
• Imagine (1986), Park Heights
• Don't You Know (1987), Tappa
• 2 of a Kind (1987), Tuff Gong - split with Tyrone Taylor
• Talk to Me - (1989)
• Power of Love (1993)
• Natural Feeling (1995), Jamaica Authentic
• Acclaimed (1996)
• Love is the Ultimate (2003), Upstairs Music^[4][10][11]

Compilation albums[link]

• A Man and His Hits (1974), Studio One
• "Mr" Boothe (Everything I Own) (197?), Wildflower
• Rock on Love (1995), Jamaican Classics
• Sings Hits From Studio 1 & More (1997), Rhino
• Groove To The Beat (1999), Jamaican Gold
• Crying Over You (2001)
• You're No Good (2006), Attack
• Crying Over You (2000), Trojan

UK hit singles[link]

• "Everything I Own" - (1974) - UK #1
• "Crying Over You" - (1974) - UK #11^[12]

References[link]

External links[link]

• Official website
• Biography
• Big Up Radio Biography
• Interview with Ken Boothe from 2006