Coordinates | 28°36′36″N77°13′48″N |
---|---|
Native name | Земун |
Official name | Zemun |
District | Belgrade |
Settlement type | Municipality |
Image shield | Grb-zemun.jpg |
Area km2 | 153.56 |
Population total | 145751 |
Mpop | 152950 |
Settlements | 4 |
Website | www.zemun.rs |
Plates | BG |
Postal code | 11080 |
Code | 11 |
Mayor | Branislav Prostran (SNS) |
Party4 | }} |
Zemun (Serbian Cyrillic: Земун, ) is a town in Serbia and one of the 17 municipalities which constitute the City of Belgrade, the country's capital. For most of its history, it developed separately from Belgrade, which lies across the Sava river, but the development of New Belgrade in the late 20th century joined them together in a continuous urban area.
Zemun and the southeastern Syrmia were conquered by the Austrian Habsburgs in 1717, after the Ottoman defeat at the Battle of Peterwardein (5 August 1716) and through the Treaty of Požarevac (German: Passarowitz) became an property of the Schönborn family. In 1736, Zemun was the site of a peasant revolt. Its strategic location near the confluence of the Sava and the Danube placed it in the center of the continued border wars between the Habsburg and the Ottoman empires. The Treaty of Belgrade of 1739 finally fixed the border, the Military Frontier was organized in the region in 1746, and the town of Zemun was granted the rights of a military commune in 1749. In 1754, the population of Zemun included 1,900 Orthodox Christians, 600 Catholics, 76 Jews, and about 100 Roma. In 1777, the population of Zemun numbered 1,130 houses with 6,800 residents, half of which were ethnic Serbs, while another half of population was composed of Catholics, Jews, Armenians and Muslims. Among Catholic population, the largest ethnic group were Germans. From this period originates the increased settlement of Germans and Hungarians in the Zemun.
Zemun prospered as an important road intersection and a border city. In 1816 it was greatly expanded by mass resettlement of Germans and Serbs in the new town suburbs of Franzenstal and Gornja Varoš, respectively. In the 19th century, Zemun reached 7,089 residents and 1,310 houses. Zemun also became important in Serbian history as the refuge for Karađorđe in 1813 as well as many other people from the nearby Belgrade and the rest of Karađorđe's Serbia which fell to the Ottoman rule.
During the Revolution of 1848-1849, Zemun was one of the de facto capitals of Serbian Vojvodina, a Serbian autonomous region within Habsburg Empire, but in 1849, it was returned under the administration of the Military Frontier. With the abolishment of the Military Frontier in 1882, Zemun and the rest of Srem was included into Syrmia County of Croatia-Slavonia, which was an autonomous part of the Kingdom of Hungary and Austria-Hungary. The first railway line that connected it to the west was built in 1883, and the first railway bridge over the Danube followed shortly thereafter in 1884.
During the World War I in 1914, Zemun changed hands between Serbia and Austria-Hungary, finally ending up in Serbia on November 5, 1918. The town became part of the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes (later Kingdom of Yugoslavia). The inter-war period was marked by political struggle between the city gentry (organized into the Radical Party, Democratic Party and the Croatian Peasant Party) and the more socialist parties supported by the ethnic Germans.
In 1934 two intra-city bus lines were introduced connecting Zemun with the parts of Belgrade, and the general shift of attention towards this issue was supported by the growing Serbian population of Zemun. The Zemun airbases originally built in 1927 were an important geostrategic objective in the Axis invasion of April 1941. Following the surrender of Yugoslavia that same month, Zemun, along with the rest of Syrmia, was given to the Independent State of Croatia. The city was liberated from Axis occupation in 1944, and since then, it is part of Serbian region known as Central Serbia.
After the fall of Slobodan Milošević's regime, Zemun became a stronghold of notorious Zemun clan, one of principal organized crime cartels in Belgrade. Bosses and prominent members of this clan have been tried and convicted for the assassination of Serbian prime minister Zoran Đinđić.
Zemun originally developed on three hills, Gardoš, Ćukovac and Kalvarija, on the right bank of the Danube, where the widening of the Danube begins and the Great War Island is formed at the mouth of the Sava river. The core of the city are the neighborhoods of Donji Grad, Gardoš, Ćukovac and Gornji Grad. To the south, Zemun continues into Novi Beograd with which it makes one continuous urban area (neighborhood of Tošin Bunar). In the west it extends into the neighborhoods of Altina and Plavi Horizonti and to the north-west into Galenika, Zemun Polje and further into Batajnica.
The municipality is located in the eastern Syrmia region, in the central-western section of the Belgrade City area. The urban section of Zemun is the both most northern and western section of the urban Belgrade. Zemun borders the province of Vojvodina on the west (municipality of Nova Pazova), and municipalities of Surčin on the south, Novi Beograd on south-east and Palilula and Stari Grad across the Danube (north and east, respectively).
The Danube bank in the north is mostly marshy, so the settlements are built further from the river (Batajnica) separated from it by hillocks (up to 114 m). The city of Zemun itself was built right on the bank, 100 meters above sea level. These are points of the Zemun loess plateau, an extension of the Syrmia loess plateau, which continues into the crescent-shaped Bežanijska Kosa loess hill on the south-east. The yellow loess is thick up to 40 meters and very fertile, with rich, grass-improved, humus chernozem. The uninhabited river islands of Great War Island and Little War Island on the Danube, also belong to the municipality Zemun, too. Municipality has an area of 153 km².
Municipality of Zemun has only two official settlements: (City of) Zemun, which is part of the urban Belgrade city proper (''uža teritorija grada''; statistically it is classified as ''Belgrade-part'') and the village of Ugrinovci (with two hamlets of Grmovac and Busije). Many of the neighbourhoods developed in the last few decades (Altina, Plavi Horizonti, Kamendin, Grmovac, Busije, etc.).
''Urban:''
{| |- valign=top |
''Suburban:''
{| |- valign=top |
{|class="wikitable" !Year !City !Municipality* |- |1921 || align="right"| 18,528 || |- |1931 || align="right"| 28,083 || |- |1948 || align="right"| 42,230 || |- |1953 || align="right"| 44,110 || align="right"|51,129 |- |1961 || align="right"| 72,956 || align="right"|74,851 |- |1971 || align="right"| 95,142 || align="right"|111,967 |- |1981 || align="right"|116,826 || align="right"|138,702 |- |1991 || align="right"|141,695 || |- |2002 || align="right"|145,751 || align="right"|152,950 |}
Municipality figures include populations of today's Surčin municipality, which separated from Zemun in 2004.
Presidents of the municipality:
Administrator of the Zemun section
German mayors:
Partisan military administrator:
Presidents of the municipal assembly:
Presidents of the municipality:
There is a popular local rivalry between inhabitants of Zemun and Belgrade going on for decades, especially among youth. In general, local population consider Zemun still a separate, and more advanced and cultural city and point out they were born in Zemun rather than Belgrade, while Belgraders consider Zemun an outer suburb of Belgrade.
Several important roads of Serbia run through the municipality. The Belgrade-Zagreb highway, the old (''Batajnički drum'') and new (highway) road Belgrade-Novi Sad, the still in construction starting point (Batajnica-Dobanovci) of the future Belgrade beltway (Batajnica-Bubanj Potok), Belgrade-Novi Sad railway, etc. Zemun has no bridges, apart from the seasonal pontoon bridge which connects the mainland with the Great War Island during summer. First bridge over the Danube, Galenika-Borča bridge is still in project.
Batajnica Airbase with a limited civil traffic is also located in the municipality, near the Batajnica settlement.
Two of Belgrade's major hospitals-clinical centers are located in Zemun: "KBC Zemun" and "KBC Bežanijska Kosa", so as the retirement home "Bežanijska Kosa", the largest one in Belgrade. Churches include the Gardoš cemetery church and the Hariš chapel, Saint Nicholas, Saint Archangel Gabriel and two Roman Catholic churches.
Zemun is known for many squares, though almost all of them are small in size: ''Magistratski'', ''Senjski'', ''Veliki'', ''Branka Radičevića'', ''Karađorđev'', ''Masarikov'', etc. On one of them, the Zemun open green market is located. The bank of the Danube is turned into Zemunski Kej, a kilometers long promenade, with various entertainment facilities along it, including barges-cafés, amusement park and especially formerly largest hotel in Belgrade, Hotel Jugoslavija.
The remnants of the old town which existed during battles between Kingdom of Hungary and Byzantine Empire in 12th century are known as ''Zemunski Grad'' (Zemun Town). Today visible ruins however are of the medieval fortress (angular towers and parts of the defending wall) where forces of Kingdom of Hungary, 500 šajkaši crew (led by Croat Marko Skoblić) consisted of Croats and Serbs fought against invading Ottoman army of Suleyman the Magnificent in 1521. Despite hard resistance, Zemun fell on July 12 and Belgrade soon afterwards (see Fall of Belgrade (1521)). On this place, the ''Kula Sibinjanin Janka'' (The tower of Janos Hunyadi) or the Millennium tower was erected. It was built and officially opened on August 20, 1896 to celebrate a thousand years of Hungarian settlement in the Pannonian plain. The tower was built as a combination of various styles, mostly influenced by the Roman elements. Being a natural lookout, it was used by Zemun's firemen for decades. Today, the tower is better known after the Janos Hunyadi, who actually died in the old fortress four and a half centuries before the tower was built. In general, Gardoš is today the most recognizable symbol of Zemun. For the most part, the neighborhood preserved its old looks, with narrow, still mostly cobblestoned streets unsuitable for modern vehicles, and individual residential houses.
Zemun is not rich in parks. The largest one is the City park (''Gradski park'', built in 1880, scheduled for reconstruction in 2008 ) and another one is Jelovac in Kalvarija. A small park on Mažuranić square was renovated in November 2007. It is first in Belgrade that has rubber ground under two children playgrounds.
Several football squads were existing in Zemun in the past. City gave clubs like Šparta (worker's club) and ZAŠK, that in 1939 merged into SK Zemun.
During the short time of existence of Independent State of Croatia (1941–1944), a World War II puppet state of Nazi Germany, in Zemun there were four Croat football clubs: HŠK Građanski, HŠK Zemun, HŠK Dunav and HŠK Hajduk, as well as two German football clubs: DSV Victoria and SK Liet.
Later, Zemun gave a football squad that occasionally played in Yugoslav 1. division, ''Galenika'', later renamed into FK Zemun. Today, there're also squads Teleoptik, Zmaj and Milutinac.
* Category:Populated places in Central Serbia Category:Places in Syrmia Category:Municipalities of Belgrade Category:Neighborhoods of Belgrade Category:Populated places on the Danube Category:Roman towns and cities in Serbia
bs:Zemun bg:Земун cs:Zemun de:Zemun es:Zemun eo:Zemun fr:Zemun ko:제문 (베오그라드) hr:Zemun it:Zemun hu:Zimony ro:Zemun nl:Zemun ja:ゼムン no:Zemun pl:Zemun pt:Zemun ru:Земун sr:Земун sh:Zemun (opština) sv:Zemun tr:Zemun zh:泽蒙This text is licensed under the Creative Commons CC-BY-SA License. This text was originally published on Wikipedia and was developed by the Wikipedia community.
Coordinates | 28°36′36″N77°13′48″N |
---|---|
name | Aleksandar Vuksanović |
background | solo_singer |
alias | Aca Lukas |
given name | Aleksandar Vuksanović |
born | November 03, 1968Belgrade, SR Serbia, Yugoslavia |
height | 176 cm |
instrument | vocals, keyboards |
genre | Folk, Turbo-folk, pop-folk |
occupation | Singer |
years active | 1990–present |
label | City Records, Grand Production |
associated acts | Viktorija |
notable instruments | Piano }} |
On the night of 3. February 2009, Lukas was shot at from a gun, by an unknown assailant. The assailant fired two hits, but Lukas survived with just a wounded leg. When he came out of the hospital, he said: "Dobro se osećam. Hvala Bogu, nije mi ništa. Pustili su me iz Urgentnog centra i dobro mi je!" (translation: "I am feeling well. Thank god, nothing is wrong with me. I was released from the ER and I am feeling good.") Lukas was shot in front of Gandijeva street no. 66, while he was entering his vehicle "Porsche Cayenne".
In 1999, he performed at his first triumphal concert in Belgrade Hala Pionir in front of around 10,000 young people. After the tour around the country, stadium Tasmajdan Sports Centre is also conquered. In the meantime, Aca publishes two albums for the international market with his live performances at clubs and pubs that he likes so much.
In 2002, Aca published one of his best album so far called "Nesto Protiv Bolova" with hit songs "Koma", "Nešto Protiv Bolova", "Suncokreti". After his concert at the Belgrade Fair in front of nearly 20,000 fans the media pronounced him as the most popular Serbian folk singer.
After he spent four months in jail, Aca was back with a new hit album "Istina je da te lazem", but not too long after he published it he left the country saying that he is "sick" from all those trying to push him off the scene.
He came back to Serbia in 2006 performing at "Melos dani Estrade" in Čačak as "the star of the night". His comeback album was called "Jagnje Moje" with different authors but also with great songs "Udari Prva", "Jagnje Moje".
In February 2008, Aca Lukas won 1st prize at "II Axal Grand Festival" with his song "Upali Svetlo". Not long after that he published his most recent album so far called "Lesce" with very a provocative cover. On that cover he was pictured lying down in a coffin showing his extended middle finger; as he sayd "To all of them who wished I ware dead". This album brought great songs such as "Pao Sam Na Dno", "By Pass", "Lešće", "Chivas" etc.
On his 40th birthday on 3. November 2008, Aca performed at a concert in Belgrade Arena in front of nearly 25,000 fans. He repeated that two years later. On 3. and 4. November 2010. he performed again in Belgrade Arena in front of almost 25,000 fans each night. That brings the total to almost 50,000 people, making him likely the most popular singer in Serbia, especially among younger people.
Ajde Aco ponovo u Arenu 2011-te. Ne mozemo da cekamo covece. Pozz iz Sombora.
Category:1968 births Category:Living people Category:People from Belgrade Category:Pop folk singers Category:Serbian folk singers Category:Serbian male singers Category:Serbian pop singers
de:Aca Lukas it:Aca Lukas sr:Аца Лукас sv:Aca LukasThis text is licensed under the Creative Commons CC-BY-SA License. This text was originally published on Wikipedia and was developed by the Wikipedia community.
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