Jieh الجية
—  City  —
Jieh coastline Jieh coastline
Jieh Location within Lebanon
Coordinates: 33°39′56.51″N 35°25′36.46″E / 33.6656972°N 35.4267944°E / 33.6656972; 35.4267944Coordinates: 33°39′56.51″N 35°25′36.46″E / 33.6656972°N 35.4267944°E / 33.6656972; 35.4267944
Country	Lebanon
Governorate	Mount Lebanon Governorate
District	Chouf District
Government
• Mayor	Dr Georges Nader El-Azzi
Elevation	0 m (0 ft)
Time zone	EET (UTC+2)
• Summer (DST)	EEST (UTC+3)
Postal code
Dialing code	+961

Jieh (or Jiyé, Jiyeh, الجية) is a seaside town in Lebanon with an estimated population of 5000^[1], 23 km south of Beirut, in the Chouf district via a 20 minute drive along the Beirut to Sidon highway south of the capital. In Phoenician times it was known as Porphyreon and was a thriving natural seaport, which still functions today. The town is also known for its seven kilometre sandy beach, a rarity along Lebanon's mainly rocky coastline.

The Hebrew prophet Jonah was said to have landed on its shores when he was spat out of the giant fish described in the Old Testament, and a temple was built which stands until today.^[2] Many invaders passed through Porphyreon such as Tohomtmos the Egyptian who landed his soldiers on its natural seaport in order to fight the North. Alexander the Great relaxed on its shore preparing for the attack on Tyre. St Peter and St Paul also walked through Jieh several times.^[3]

In modern times Jieh took some of the harshest blows of the Lebanese Civil War that raged from 1975-1990. Being a coastal town made it vulnerable to the countless numbers of Palestine Liberation Organization raids on the area, as well as Israeli army invasions during the 1980s, ^[4] but the worst being on January 20, 1976.^[5] Jieh is being rebuilt, albeit at a slower pace than the nearby capital city of Beirut.

Archaeology[link]

The town houses some of Lebanon's finest archaeological ruins, some of them buried under modern buildings, others waiting to be dug up by excavators, and others having already been removed and placed in museums. Mosaics depicting the story of the Prophet Jonah and the giant fish in the Old Testament have been found in churches dug from underground over time^[6]. Examples of these are the grand floor mosaics from the Byzantine Empire period which were so big that trucks were needed to transport them to museums as was the case with the fine collection owned by Walid Jumblatt, a local politician, which are on display at his Beiteddine museum. Jieh has recently been the scene of accidental excavations of a Byzantine era Christian church and surrounding tombs which had been buried underground for centuries. Nothing is being done to protect them at the moment due to political hearings on the matters of the people versus the government - sec. landlords rights to preserve historical artifacts found on said property with vialble direct ancestry value and or documentation. The people versus the government - sec. landlords rights to preserve historical artifacts found on said property which directly pertain to all local populous religious beliefs, practices, and or scriptures or text. All which fall under the world preservation of historical and archaeological acts of 1971.

Actions to establish a new Jieh multi-denominational museum/preservation site are underway via the local community in its entirety. The site location is still to be disclosed via town meeting set to take place in 2010. The possible locations being considered are: The St. George's Cathedral, The Prophet Jonah's Tomb, The Phoenician Palace on the beach (to be donated by the current land owners the El Hajj family), and The Byzantine Palace (to be donated by the current land owners the El Hajj family). Note other locations can and will be submitted to the list up until the day before the town vote due to take place July 15, 2010.

Religion[link]

Jieh is home to many religious groups, mostly Maronite Christians and Shiite Muslims with some Melkites, and Sunni Muslims. The Shiite Muslims of this area mainly occupy the high rise section of Nabi Younes (Prophet Jonah) located in the central western and southern parts of the town on the coast. While the northern and central eastern area is occupied by the Christian and Sunni populous in the section of St. George's and Our Lady of the Star's Cathedrals. The rebuilding of Jieh's two churches took effect a few years after the civil war ended during the construction boom. On the left below is Our Lady of the Star, Maronite Catholic Church undergoing reconstruction, as well as the new St Georges Church featured to the right.

Many Christian families who fled the town of Jieh have sent money back to rebuild Our Lady of the Star, which still needs $1million to complete. The rebuilding of St George's has also begun. While the original Mousque of the town built directly over the tomb of the Nabi Younes to safe-guard the tomb, built around a century ago by the El Hajj family (one of the prodominate Shiite families in the village) still lies in ruins due to a dispute between Shiite and Sunni factions on the placement and erection of the new facility.

This has caused great strifes between all religious denominations in the region. More now than ever since Hezbollah stepped into the middle of the dispute and erected a Shiite based mosque without finding a common ground between both Muslim parties and the consent on placement of the facility with the Christian denominations in the area to confirm that the volumous call to prayers would not be a hindrance upon their religious practices.

On the 28th of October, 2010, the St Georges Catholic Cemetery was the subject of a vicious attack by graveyard vandals. An exhumed body in the lone casket of one of the tombs was removed, dragged out of its resting place and disfigured.^[7]

Tourism[link]

Jieh's main hub of tourism focuses on its beaches that cover its coast. There are many privately owned beach resorts ranging from the north of the town, which contains a few women's only beaches, down to Jonas beach on the very southern end of the 7 km sand strip.^[8]

Education[link]

Jieh is a town that houses the popular St Charbel College. The convent of Saint Charbel and the attached High School are run by the Lebanese Maronite Order of monks. It is the direct result of repeated demands by the local residents and two decades of planning and negotiations. Construction was completed in 1965. The mission of this project was to provide education to students of different faiths from Jieh and neighboring villages in the Chouf district south of Beirut. The convent and school were lightly damaged during the 1975 war and then evacuated in 1985 when the Christian population of the town was forced out. This time the structure sustained heavy damages and for the next six years became a living quarter for Palestinian refugees. Renovations started in 1991 after generous contributions from charitable organizations, local politicians and residents. As soon as the work was completed, 600 students enrolled of whom only 18 were Christians. Today both the convent and the school are fully restored and became a center of culture and education for students from the southern suburbs of Beirut to Sidon. ^[9]

Power[link]

Jieh is home to Lebanon's largest and oldest thermal power plant. Located on the southern tip of Jieh's border with neighbouring town Wadi El Zeina, this power station houses 5 units; the first two Toshiba units having been installed in 1970, while the three remaining turbines from the Brown Boveri Company in Switzerland were put into service later on between 1980 and 1981. The Toshiba units produce 65MW while the Brown Boveri Company (BBC) units each produce 72MW of electricity, totalling 346MW for the Jieh plant when at full capacity. Although this is only the second highest total capacity after Zouk from Lebanon's 7 thermal power plants, it must be commended for being the first and only one from during the 1970s and mid 1980s until the first unit at Zouk was put into service in 1984.

The power station at Jieh was closed for a period after the Israeli invasion in 1982, and so technicians who came to repair the older Toshiba turbines were deterred away from the country due to kidnappings of foreigners and the raging of the civil war. Likewise, the three Brown Boveri turbines had managed to get some service from BBC's India technicians rather than from the Switzerland headquarters. This meant that only minor repairs could be done, and so the generators could not run at full capacity. In 1982, the Lebanese Pound fell by a factor of 600 and so Electricite du Liban, Lebanon's government owned power company, could not afford to buy spare parts from overseas for its power stations. Hundreds of communities and ghettos across the country also refused (and still refuse) to pay electricity bills that funded the maintenance. This, as well as significant electricity piracy, resulted in deteriorating conditions of the power plant at Jieh.

Foreign investment, however, helped revive the plant numerous times until presently, although today the main problem is the lack of adequate fuel supply from the government that is needed to run the plant. Recent deals with the Arab states of the Persian Gulf have been sought to receive discounted fuel to ensure good supply to the power plants.^[10] According to current news articles, Jieh's power plant is undergoing extensive maintenance due to neighbouring Syria's recent cut of power supply to parts of Lebanon, meaning that the Jieh plant is on its way to full service again.^[11]

The recent July 2006 war between the Hezbollah and the Israeli Defence Forces resulted in the fuel stores at the power plant being bombed, leading to a catastrophic environmental disaster with crude oil spilling into the sea. On Friday July 14 at around 3am, the Jieh power plant was struck by missiles from navy destroyers off the Lebanese coast aimed at one of its six fuel tanks. It was hit once more the next day when two bridges on the main highway in Jieh were also destroyed by missile attacks. Ongoing black smoke continued to rise from the plant for weeks after the attack as the nearby tankers exploded one after the other from the heat while the remaining tens of thousands of litres of oil spilled endlessly into the Mediterranean sea.

Environmental Problems[link]

As a result of crude violations of the environment directly by the council of Barja up in the nearby mountains, the Jieh coastline has been subject to the continual release of unclean water through the Barja to Jieh sewerage canal. This canal routinely dumps Barja's human faeces and other liquid waste into Jieh's coastal waters and directly affects tourism and the environment in this town. There have also recently been plans to build a landfill in Jiyyeh.^[12] This has met some hard opposition by some government ministers and angry locals who don't want their town being turned into a garbage dump, and so at the moment the solution to the problem is not quite clear. ^[13]

Jiyeh Power Station Oil Spill[link]

The power station oil spill from a July 14-15th Israeli airstrike has released over 16,000 tonnes of crude oil into the Mediterranean sea and has threatened marine life along the coast of Lebanon, mainly from Jieh stretching as far north as Syria and Turkey. For more recent information and photos on the oil spill and the clean-up efforts, please take a look at the websites: http://www.unep.org/lebanon/ and http://www.planet2025news.net/lebanonoilspill.rxml

Jieh Sub-districts[link]

Jieh is divided locally into sub districts namely: Taht el Chir, Beit Madi, Beit Chahine, Haret el Kaneese, Qassouba, Nabi Younes, El Sahl & Maqsabe.

Notes[link]

1. ^ Azzi, C., Technical Opinion On the proposed Landfill
2. ^ Azzi, A., Jieh Through history Atallah Family Website
3. ^ United Nations General Assembly Security Council, Letter dated 5 January 1988 from the Permanent Representative of Lebanon to the United Nations addressed to the Secretary-General
4. ^ Jieh Online, 30 Year Anniversary
5. ^ The story of the Prophet Jonah and the giant fish
6. ^ Pictures of Byzantine church excavations, Dec 2004
7. ^ Bamboo Bay Jieh, 360° Panoramic View
8. ^ $8 million new resort near Beirut - 5/20/2005
9. ^ College St Charbel (French)
10. ^ Electricite du Liban information about Lebanon's power plants
11. ^ Lebanese ration power after Syria cuts off supplies
12. ^ Daily Star Article: 'Lebanon will drown in solid waste'
13. ^ Greenpeace "Right To Know" tour calls for a toxics use and release inventory on chemical-use by industries in Lebanon
14. ^ Grave robbers raid cemetery in Jiyeh

References[link]

• Jieh Official website - Under maintenance
• JiehOnline
• A
• Pollution in Lebanon
• USA Trade Online: Lebanon Country Analysis
• Blank, S.J. (Ed), Mediterranean Security into the coming Millennium, 1999
• St Charbel College Website (French)
• Electricite du Liban website
• North York Knights of Columbus Website for fundraising the rebuilding of churches where Jesus walked and preached
• Bamboo Bay Jieh, 360° Panoramic View
• Kazzi, Antoine Naji, 1988, Porphyreon: The path of history, Khalifh publishing, Beirut, Lebanon

v t e Archaeological sites in Lebanon Aadloun Aaiha Aammiq Ain Harcha Akbiyeh Amioun Amlaq Qatih Anjar, Lebanon Antelias cave Ard Saouda Ard Tlaili Arqa Baalbek Batroumine Batroun Bechamoun Beirut Beit Mery Bustan Birke Byblos Dahr El Ahmar Dakoue Deir El Aachayer Deir el Ahmar Dekwaneh Douris (Baalbek) Elaea (Lebanon) Hadeth south Haret ech Cheikh Hashbai Hermel plains Iaat Jabal es Saaïdé Jbaa Jdeideh Jebel Aabeby Jeita Grotto Joub Jannine Jieh Kamid al lawz Kaukaba Kefraya Kafr Tebnit Kfar Qouq Kfarhata Khallet Michte Kouachra megalith field Ksar Akil Labweh Lake Qaraoun (Ain Jaouze) Lion Tower Majdal Anjar Mansourieh Maronite mummies Mayrouba Moukhtara Mtaileb Nabi Zair Nachcharini Neba'a Faour Niha Bekaa Plain of Zgharta Qaraoun Ras Baalbek I Ras Beirut Ras El Kelb Sands of Beirut Sidon Sin el Fil Sarepta Stone of the Pregnant Woman Tahun ben Aissa Taire Tayibe Tell Ain Nfaikh Tell Ain Saouda Tell Deir Tell el-Burak Tell Khardane Tell Jisr Tell Mureibit Tell Neba'a Litani Tell Zenoub Tell Zeitoun Temple of Bacchus Temple of Eshmun Tlail megaliths Toron Tripolis (region of Phoenicia) Tyre Necropolis Tyre, Lebanon Wadi Boura Yanta Ain W Zain Zahlé

This biographical article needs additional citations for verification. Please help by adding reliable sources. Contentious material about living persons that is unsourced or poorly sourced must be removed immediately, especially if potentially libelous or harmful. (April 2012)

Yoo Young-jin (Hangul: 유영진; Hanja: 劉英振) is a singer-songwriter and producer for various SM Entertainment artists. He has composed and written songs for H.O.T., S.E.S, BoA, Shinhwa, TVXQ, The Grace, Super Junior, Girls' Generation, SHINee, f(x) and EXO.^[1]

Biography[link]

Yoo Young-jin was born in Gochang, South Korea on April 10, 1971. He has two younger brothers and two younger sisters. He was a graduate at Jeonju High School.

Career[link]

He started his singing career in 1995. He released a solo album entitled Agape (2001), which is composed of 15 tracks featuring different artists under SM Entertainment.

Discography[link]

• August 1993: Blues In Rhythm Album
• September 1995: Blue Rhythm
• March 2001: ...지애(之愛) (Agape)

Writer-producer[link]

• September 2009: "Super Girl" - Super Girl by Super Junior-M^[2]
• December 2010: "Beautiful Girls" (bonus track) - Into the New World by Girls' Generation

Compositions[link]

This list is incomplete; you can help by expanding it.

Freddie Gibbs
Freddie Gibbs in 2011
Background information
Birth name	Fredrick Tipton
Born	(1982-06-14) June 14, 1982 (age 30)
Origin	Gary, Indiana, United States of America
Genres	Hip hop
Occupations	Rapper, emcee, lyricist, musician
Years active	2001–present
Labels	CTE World, Decon, Str8 Slammin'
Associated acts	Young Jeezy, Statik Selektah, Str8 Slammin' Click, Bun B, The Cool Kids, Curren$y, Big K.R.I.T., Madlib,
Website	Freddie Gibbs

Fredrick Tipton (born June 14, 1982), better known by his stage names Freddie Gibbs and Gangsta Gibbs, is an American hip hop artist from Gary, IN. He has been active since 2001. Gibbs is also a member of the hip hop group, P.O.C.

Bio[link]

In 2009 rapper Freddie Gibbs set out to be the Midwest’s unofficial street poet, releasing a series of mixtapes that were as complex as they were thuggish. Influenced by the likes of 2Pac, Biggie, UGK, and Bone Thugs-N-Harmony, Gibbs filled his lyrics with honest and compelling stories of his hometown’s demise, a steady decline to which he helped contribute while a drug dealer. He dealt out of a Gary, IN, recording studio, absorbing a steady stream of uninspired rhymes while pushing product. Figuring he could do better, Gibbs began writing his own lyrics and cut some demos that would eventually land in the hands of Interscope. When the label signed Gibbs in 2006, he moved to Los Angeles and recorded a debut album, but a year later the management of Interscope changed hands and the rapper was dropped. He returned to Gary, and then moved to Atlanta until producer Josh the Goon convinced Gibbs to return to L.A. for one more try. In early 2009 he released the Miseducation of Freddie Gibbs mixtape to critical and message board acclaim. The Midwestgangstaboxframecadillacmuzik mixtape soon followed, as did a feature in The New Yorker that found writer Sasha Frere-Jones declaring Gibbs “the one rapper I would put money on right now." Late in the year he released the 81-song mixtape The Labels Tryin' to Kill Me. As the mixtape’s title inferred, Gibbs had, like Jay Electronica, become a 21st century, Internet-age hip-hop star, able to draw press and earn a loyal following via downloads and mixtapes instead of the usual industry channels. He finished 2009 proudly unsigned but in 2010 he made a rare aboveground appearance with the Str8 Killa EP, released on the Decon label. In April 2011, Gibbs was annonced signed to CTE, an Atlanta based label founded by rapper Young Jeezy. As an introductory and celebratory stepping stone into CTE, Gibbs brought out Jeezy during concert at the Bottom Lounge in Chicago, which also featured Smoke DZA and Big K.R.I.T. He has a song, "Look Easy," produced by Speakerbomb, that was featured on 2K Sports "2K12." Gibbs was recently featured on the deluxe edition album of Young Jeezy's third studio album Thug Motivation 103: Hustlerz Ambition on a song called ".38"

Career[link]

[edit] The Miseducation of Freddie Gibbs

In 2009, Freddie Gibbs brought out The Miseducation of Freddie Gibbs, which is a compilation of his work to that date, mixing mixtape tracks with unreleased studio material—and midwestgangstaboxframecadillacmuzik—a collection of new music.^[1] Both were released for free to the internet.^[2]

[edit] Cold Day In Hell

In 2011, the next musical massacre from Gary, Indiana's Freddie Gibbs takes shape in the form of Cold Day In Hell, a frigid offering flaunting Gangsta Gibbs' street-savvy vernacular with verses from a veritable who's-who of likeminded spitters; the venerable Young Jeezy, Three Six Mafioso Juicy J, Rocafella ex-pat Freeway and West Coast stalwart Dom Kennedy are among the lyricists tapped for the project. Once again, Freddie is pulling no punches, unleashing his verbal vendetta over production from J.U.S.T.I.C.E. League, Big K.R.I.T., Cardo, DJ Burn One, Block Beattaz, Beatnick & K-Salaam and more.

Los Angeles clothing/media purveyor LRG has partnered with Gibbs for the release, making manifest Freddie's creative vision in the album art and pending videos. The album cover features a disheveled marquee, a nod to Gary, Indiana's tragic landmark, the Palace Theater as well as numerous crack-boom and blacksploitation archetypes brought to life by prolific LA graffiti writer and MSK affiliate, Augor. Similarly, the concept for the first video, the grimy "Anything To Survive", is envisioned by LRG in-house production team Wood Works and Derek Pike. Unwilling to merely just stamp a logo on the mixtape and call it finished, LRG is assisting in a non-traditional sense, helping to oversee the project by rounding out Freddie's vision with their resources. The proof is in the product.

Pulled Over by the Cops (P.O.C.)[link]

On February 18, 2011, Freddie Gibbs announced on his website that he has joined up with Cleveland's Chip tha Ripper and Chuck Inglish and Mikey Rocks of The Cool Kids to form the hip hop group, Pulled Over by the Cops (P.O.C.).^[3]

Recognition[link]

Critics have recognized Gibbs' technically proficient and stylistically diverse rapping, likening his skill to that of Eddie Van Halen vis-à-vis the guitar.^[4]

Influences[link]

Freddie Gibbs lists as his influences artists such as Tupac Shakur, Nas, Bone Thugs-N-Harmony, The Geto Boys, UGK, Three 6 Mafia, OutKast, Jay-Z, Raekwon, Eminem, Twista, Noreaga, Ol' Dirty Bastard

Discography[link]

Albums[link]

• MadGibbs (with Madlib) (2012)
• It's The World (with CTE World) (2012)
• The Neck Tie Party (TBA)
• The World Is My Ashtray (with Ski Beatz) (TBA)

EPs[link]

• Str8 Killa (2010)^[5]
• Lord Giveth, Lord Taketh Away (with Statik Selektah) (2011)
• Thuggin' (with Madlib as MadGibbs) (2011)
• Shame EP (Madgibbs) (July 10th 2012)

Mixtapes[link]

• Full Metal Jackit: The Mixtape [Vol. 1] (2004)
• Full Metal Jackit: The Mixtape [Vol. 2] (2004)
• Live from Gary, Indiana (2007)
• Live from Gary, Indiana [Part 2] (2008),,...
• The Miseducation of Freddie Gibbs (2009)
• midwestgangstaboxframecadillacmuzik (2009)
• The Labels Tryin To Kill Me! (2009)
• Str8 Killa No Filla (2010)
• Cold Day In Hell (2011)
• Baby Face Killa (Hosted by DJ Drama) (2012)

Guest appearances[link]

2012[link]

References[link]