BSNL

BSNL logo
Type	State-owned enterprise
Industry	Telecommunications
Founded	19th century, incorporated 2000
Headquarters	New Delhi, India
Key people	R.K. Upadhyay (Chairman & MD)
Products	Fixed line and mobile telephony, Internet services, digital television, IPTV
Revenue	32,045 crore (US$6.39 billion) (2009-10)[1]
Net income	-1,822 crore (US$-0.36 billion) (2009–10)
Total assets	132,243 crore (US$26.38 billion) (2009–10)[2]
Owner(s)	Government of India
Employees	281,635 (March 2011)[3]
Website	www.new.bsnl.co.in

BSNL, Headquarter, New Delhi

Bharat Sanchar Nigam Limited (abbreviated BSNL) is an Indian state-owned telecommunications company headquartered in New Delhi, India. It is the largest provider of fixed telephony and fourth largest mobile telephony provider in India, and is also a provider of broadband services. However, in recent years the company's revenue and market share plunged into heavy losses due to intense competition in Indian telecommunications sector.^[4][5]

BSNL is India's oldest and largest communication service provider (CSP). It had a customer base of 95 million as of June 2011.^[6] It has footprints throughout India except for the metropolitan cities of Mumbai and New Delhi, which are managed by Mahanagar Telephone Nigam (MTNL).

Administrative units[link]

BSNL is divided into a number of administrative units termed as telecom circles, metro districts, project circles and specialized units, as mentioned below:

Telecom Circles in India[link]

• Andaman & Nicobar Telecom Circle
• Dobaspet
• Tamil Nadu Telecom Circle
• Jharkhand Telecom Circle
• Bihar Telecom Circle
• Andhra Pradesh Telecom Circle
• Assam Telecom Circle
• Chhattisgarh Telecom Circle
• Gujarat Telecom Circle
• Haryana Telecom Circle
• Himachal Pradesh Telecom Circle
• Jammu & Kashmir Telecom Circle
• Karnataka Telecom Circle
• Kerala Telecom Circle
• Madhya Pradesh Telecom Circle
• Maharashtra Telecom Circle
• North East-I Telecom Circle
• North East-II Telecom Circle
• Orissa Telecom Circle
• Punjab Telecom Circle
• Rajasthan Telecom Circle
• Uttranchal Telecom Circle
• Uttar Pradesh East Telecom Circle
• Uttar Pradesh West Telecom Circle
• West Bengal Telecom Circle

Metro Districts[link]

• Kolkata
• Chennai
• Bombay
• Kanpur

Project Circles[link]

• Eastern Telecom Project Circle
• Western Telecom Project Circle
• Northern Telecom Project Circle
• Southern Telecom Project Circle
• IT Project Circle
• Network Operations Circle

Maintenance Region[link]

• Eastern Telecom Region
• Western Telecom Region
• Northern Telecom Region
• Southern Telecom Region

Production Units[link]

• Telecom Factory, Mumbai
• Telecom Factory, Jabalpur
• Telecom Factory, Richhai
• Telecom Factory, Kolkata
• Telecom Factory, Noida

History[link]

BSNL then known as the Department of Telecommunications had been a near monopoly during the socialist period of the Indian economy. During this period, BSNL was the only telecom service provider in the country. MTNL was present only in Mumbai and New Delhi. During this period BSNL operated as a typical state-run organization, inefficient, slow, bureaucratic, and heavily unionised. As a result subscribers had to wait for as long as five years to get a telephone connection. The corporation tasted competition for the first time after the liberalisation of Indian economy in 1991. Faced with stiff competition from the private telecom service providers, BSNL has subsequently tried to increase efficiencies itself. DoT veterans, however, put the onus for the sorry state of affairs on the Government policies, where in all state-owned service providers were required to function as mediums for achieving egalitarian growth across all segments of the society. The corporation (then DoT), however, failed to achieve this and India languished among the most poorly connected countries in the world. BSNL was born in 2000 after the corporatisation of DoT. The corporatisation of BSNL was undertaken by an external international consulting team consisting of a consortium of A.F.Ferguson & Co, JB Dadachanji and NM Rothschild - and was probably the most complex corporatisation exercise of its kind ever attempted anywhere because of the quantum of assets (said to be worth USD 50 Billion in terms of breakup value) and over half a million directly and indirectly employed staff. Satish Mehta, who led the team later confessed that one big mistake made by the consortium was to recommend the continuation of the state and circle based geographical units which may have killed the synergies across regions and may have actually made the organisation less efficient than had it been a seamless national organisation. Vinod Vaish, then Chairman of the Telecom Commission made a very bold decision to promote younger talent from within the organisation to take up a leadership role and promoted the older leaders to a role in licensing rather than in managing the operations of BSNL. The efficiency of the company has since improved, however, the performance level is nowhere near the private players.^{[citation needed]}

The corporation remains heavily unionised and is comparatively slow in decision making and its implementation, which largely acts at the instances of unions without bothering about outcome. Management has been reactive to the schemes of private telecom players.^{[citation needed]} Though it offers services at lowest tariffs, the private players continue to notch up better numbers in all areas, years after year. BSNL has been providing connections in both urban and rural areas. Pre-activated Mobile connections are available at many places across India. BSNL has also unveiled cost-effective broadband internet access plans (DataOne) targeted at homes and small businesses. At present BSNL enjoy's around 60% of market share of ISP services.^[7]

2007 was declared as "Year of Broadband" in India and BSNL announced plans for providing 5 million broadband connectivity by the end of 2007. BSNL upgraded Dataone connections for a speed of up to 2 Mbit/s without any extra cost. This 2 Mbit/s broadband service was provided by BSNL at a cost of just US$ 11.7 per month (as of 21 July 2008 and at a limit of 2.5GB monthly limit with 0200-0800 hrs as no charge period). Further, BSNL is rolling out new broadband services such as triple play.^{[citation needed]} BSNL planned to increase its customer base to 108 million customers by 2010. With the frantic activity in the communication sector in India, the target appears achievable.
BSNL is a pioneer of rural telephony in India. BSNL has recently bagged 80% of US$ 580 m (INR 2,500 crores) Rural Telephony project of Government of India.^[8]

On 20 March 2009 BSNL advertised the launch of BlackBerry services across its Telecom circles in India. The corporation has also launched 3G services in select cities across the country. Presently, BSNL and MTNL are the only players to provide 3G services, as the Government of India has completed auction of 3G services for private players. BSNL shall get 3G bandwidth at lowest bidder prices of Rs 18,500 crore, which includes Rs 10,186 crore for 3G and Rs 8313crore for BWA.[

As of December 2011, many other private operators have started rolling out their 3rd Generation(aka 3G) services alongside and are enjoying some success in their campaigns to get market share. While BSNL still maintains it's connectivity standard and expands to many more areas including rural areas with their 3G services. Also the network infrastructure has been upgraded from to provide 3.6 Mbit/s to 7.2 MBits/sec. It is enjoying a slow but somewhat steady success in gaining market share in this regard.

The introduction of MNP(Mobile Number Portability) which is an service that lets the consumer change wireless service providers while retaining their actual mobile number, BSNL has seen many customers opting for this service to move away from the services to other operators. Despite this as the Indian Wireless market grows BSNL still has a loyal base of subscribers and many more subscribers being added to it every day.

Challenges[link]

During the financial year 2008-2009 (from April 1, 2008 to March 31, 2009) BSNL has added 8.1 million new customers in various telephone services taking its customer base to 75.9 million. BSNL's nearest competitor Bharti Airtel is standing at a customer base of 62.3 million. However, despite impressive growth shown by BSNL in recent times, the Fixed line customer base of BSNL is declining. In order to woo back its fixed-line customers BSNL has brought down long distance calling rate under OneIndia plan, however, the success of the scheme is not known. However, BSNL faces bleak fiscal 2009-2010 as users flee^[9]

Presently there is an intense competition in Indian Telecom sector and various Telcos are rolling out attractive schemes and are providing good customer services. But situation as on 2012 BSNL will be third largest operator(Service) and No 1 access operator among country. As Trai Report 2011-12 BSNL became most trustworthy brand due to its loyalty towards customers and its rule.

Access Deficit Charges (ADC, a levy being paid by the private operators to BSNL for provide service in non-lucrative areas especially rural areas) has been slashed by 20% by TRAI, w.e.f. April 1, 2009.^[10] The reduction in ADC may hit the bottomlines of BSNL.

BSNL has started 3G services in 290 cities and acquired more than 6 Lakh customers. It has planned to roll out 3G services in 760 cities across the country in 2010-11. according to users and big sources BSNL's 3G data speed is much higher than other operator and also it is competitively cheap.

Broadband services : The shift in demand from voice to data has revolutionized the very nature of the network. BSNL is poised to cash on this opportunity and has planned for extensive expansion of the Broadband services. The Broadband customer base of 3.56 Million customer in March'2009 is planned to be increased to 16.00 million by March 2014.^[11]

BSNL - MTNL Merger Plans[link]

On February 23, 2011, The Department of Telecommunications (DoT) said it wanted to revive a proposal for the merger of state-owned operators BSNL and MTNL. In its draft plan, the department while showing concern over the deteriorating performance of BSNL and MTNL said that BSNL and MTNL should be merged as they have complimentary operations and can combine their strengths for synergies. DoT said the government should set up a multi-stakeholder committee to develop a restructuring plan for both firms. The committee should have members from public enterprises, the DoT, department of IT and ministry of finance. However the BSNL's staff unions are opposing this merger tooth and nail realising that MTNL is in dire state and need help of its big brother, BSNL, to alleviate itself from getting into red balance sheet. MTNL in spite of having its operations in two big metro cities viz. New Delhi & Mumbai is realising cascading fall in revenue and profits for the past 10 successive years. The telecommunication operators should focus on enterprise business, services to government and the public sector, value-added services and technologies like 3G, the department recommends.

3G[link]

While it did not participate in the 3G auction, BSNL paid the Indian government Rs. 10,187 crores for 3G spectrum in all 20 circles it operates in. State-owned MTNL provides 3G services in the other 2 circles - Delhi and Mumbai.^[12] Both these state-owned operators were given a head start by the government in the 3G space by allotting the required 3G spectrum, on the condition that each will have to pay an amount which will be equivalent to the highest bid in the respective service areas as and when the 3G auctions take place.^[13]

3G Coverage[link]

BSNL has the largest 3G network in India. Additionally, BSNL 3G services usually cover not only the main town/city but also the adjoining suburbs and rural areas as well.

As of now BSNL has 3G services in 826 cities across India. The following is a list of BSNL 3G enabled towns/cities. This list covers only BSNL 3G services provided through HSDPA/HSUPA and HSPA+ for GSM subscribers and not EVDO for CDMA subscribers.
Note: This list may not be complete as new towns/cities are added regularly.

BSNL Tablet[link]

BSNL Launched three tablets manufactured by Pantel.^[14] The tablet's brand name is Penta. The tablet is available for pre-order online. But, the Pantel has started Bluffing the pre-order customers by first depositing the amount including freight charges and is assuring the cutomer of providing the tablet only after 10-15 days after deposition of money at Punjab National Bank. Who knows whether this money is collected for this specific purpose or not. They are not giving an option of Cash on Delivery. Of course, the Tablet has no SIM option and runs on Wi-Fi Only Network. ^[15]

Specifications	T-Pad IS701R	T-Pad WS704C	T-Pad WS802C
Price	3250.00	10999.00	13500.00
Screen size	7 Inch, 800x600 pixel Resistive	7 Inch, 800x600 pixel Capacitive	8 Inch, 800x600 pixel Capacitive
Central processor unit speed	1 GHz	1 GHz	1.2 GHz
Random-access memory	256MB DDR2	512MB DDR3	512MB DDR3
Read Only Memory	2 GB	4 GB	4 GB

Recognitions[link]

The Brand Trust Report published by Trust Research Advisory ranked BSNL in the 65th position of the list of Most Trusted brands.

Competitors[link]

BSNL competes with 14 other mobile operators throughout India. They are Aircel, Airtel, Idea, Loop Mobile, MTNL, MTS, Reliance Communications, Tata DoCoMo, Tata Indicom, Uninor, Videocon, Virgin Mobile and Vodafone.

Quality of Service[link]

Bangalore Telecom goes by the motto http://www.bangaloretelecom.com/quality.htm and displays the same in their homepage. The service quality of BSNL Customer service has been severely criticized which is very poor. The mobile services provided by BSNL is being criticized many times as network outages, frequent call drops are some of the problems being reported. Despite the criticism there is very negligible or no amount of work being carried out by the authorities to improve the performance and quality of the network.^[16][17][18]

See also[link]

	Delhi portal
	Companies portal

• Sancharnet
• BSNL Broadband
• Bsnl Mobile

• सर्व शिक्षा मातृभाषामा नहुनु सुक्ष्म गतिमा दास हुनु हो

• मातृभाषाको सम्मान राष्ट्रको सम्मान

• माताको दुध शिशुलाई शिक्षा मातृभाषामा प्रभाव पर्छ सिश्तिलाई प्रकाशको गतिमा

References[link]

External links[link]

• BSNL Official website

v t e Central PSU companies of India Air India Balmer Lawrie Bank of India Bharat Electronics Bharat Heavy Electricals Limited Bharat Petroleum Bharat Sanchar Nigam Limited Cement Corporation of India Coal India Limited Dredging Corporation of India Limited Electronics Corporation of India Limited Food Corporation of India GAIL Hindustan Aeronautics Limited HMT (India) Indian Oil Corporation Indian Rare Earths Limited Life Insurance Corporation of India Mazagon Dock Limited MECON Limited Mahanagar Telephone Nigam Limited NTPC Limited Nuclear Power Corporation of India Ltd Oil and Natural Gas Corporation PowerGrid Corporation of India Praga Tools Limited Rashtriya Ispat Nigam Rural Electrification Corporation Limited State Bank of India Steel Authority of India Limited Uranium Corporation of India

Coordinates: 22°01′29″N 74°54′19″E / 22.0248°N 74.9052°E / 22.0248; 74.9052