- published: 15 Feb 2012
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- author: ananya basudev
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Agartala
Agartala /ˌɑːɡərtəˈlɑː/ (Bengali: আগরতলা Agortôla, Kokborok: আগরতলা) is the capital of the Indian state of Tripura and is the second-largest city in North-east India after Guwahati in terms of municipal area as Well as population. It is situated in North-east India. It lies on the Haroa River and is located 2 km from Bangladesh. Agartala has temples and palaces. As per 2011 census, Population of Agartala city has exceeded 5,12,000. The population of Agartala was 3,67,822 in 2004 after the municipal expansion (1,89,327 in the 2001 census).
The ancient capital of the then Princely State ‘Swadhin Tripura’ was at Rangamati (Udaipur, South Tripura) by the bank of the river Gomati. In 1760 it was shifted by the Maharaja Krishna Chandra Manikya Bahadur (r.1829-1849) of Manikya Dynasty to present old Agartala by the bank of the river Howrah and was named ‘Haveli’. Due to frequent invasion of the Kuki's and also to keep easy communication with the British Bengal, the Maharaja Krishna Chandra Manikya started the process of shifting the capital from Old Haveli to New Haveli (present Agartala) in 1849.
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Agra
Agra (
i/ˈɑːɡrə/; Hindi: आगरा, Urdu: آ گرہ), the erstwhile capital of Hindustan, is a city on the banks of the river Yamuna in the northern state of Uttar Pradesh, India, 363 kilometres (226 mi) west of state capital, Lucknow and 200 kilometres (124 mi) south of the national capital New Delhi. With a population of 1,686,976 (2010 est.), it is one of the most populous cities in Uttar Pradesh and the 19th most populous in India. Because 80 percent of the city's sewage flows into Yamuna River, it is 20th most polluted city in India. Agra can also refer to the administrative district that has its headquarters in Agra city.
The city finds mention in the epic Mahābhārata where it was called Agrevaṇa, or 'the border of the forest'. Legend ascribes the founding of the city to Rājā Badal Singh, a Sikarwar Rajput king (circa 1475), whose fort, Badalgarh, stood on or near the site of the present Fort. However, the 11th century Persian poet Mas'ūd Sa'd Salmān writes of a desperate assault on the fortress of Agra, then held by the Shāhī King Jayapala, by Sultan Mahmud of Ghazni. Sultan Sikandar Lodī was the first to move his capital from Delhi to Agra in the year 1506; he died in 1517 and his son Ibrāhīm Lodī remained in power there for nine more years, finally being defeated at the Battle of Panipat in 1526. It achieved fame as the capital of the Mughal emperors from 1526 to 1658 and remains a major tourist destination because of its many splendid Mughal-era buildings, most notably the Tāj Mahal, Agra Fort and Fatehpūr Sikrī, all three of which are UNESCO World Heritage Sites.
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Ahmedabad
Ahmedabad (i/ˈɑːmɨdəbɑːd/ also known as Amdavad 
) is the largest city and former capital of the Indian state of Gujarat. The city is an administrative centre of Ahmedabad district as well as the judicial capital of Gujarat as the Gujarat High Court is in Ahmedabad. It was founded on 26 February 1411 by Sultan Ahmed Shah to serve as the capital of the Gujarat Sultanate, and was named after him. With a city population of more than 5.5 million and an extended population of 6.3 million it is the fifth largest city and seventh largest metropolitan area of India. Ahmedabad is located on the banks of the River Sabarmati, 32 km (20 mi) from the state capital Gandhinagar.
Though incorporated into the Bombay Presidency during British rule, Ahmedabad remained one of the most important cities in the Gujarat region. The city established itself as the home of a developing textile industry, which earned it the nickname the Manchester of the East. The city was at the forefront of the Indian independence movement in the first half of the 20th century and centre of many campaigns of civil disobedience to promote workers' rights, civil rights, and political independence.
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Aihole
Aihole (Kannada ಐಹೊಳೆ) is a temple complex in the Bagalkot district of Karnataka, India. It is a very popular tourist spot in north Karnataka. It lies to the east of Pattadakal, along the Malaprabha River, while Badami is to the west of both.
Aihole has the potential to be included as a UNESCO World heritage site. Aihole by road it is 510 km from Bangalore and 26 km from Hungund. Aihole is one of the most notable places in the history of art of Karnataka. As per inscriptions Aihole was known as Ayyavole and Aryapura. It was a prominent city in the Badami Chalukyas times from 6th to the 12th century. A place known by the name Morera Angadigalu near the Meguti hillocks has a large number of cists of pre-historic period. The place was an agrahara. The village has 125 temples divided into 22 groups by the archaeological department. Aihole has been described as one of the cradles of temple architecture. Of late some brick structures of pre-Chalukyan times have also been excavated. It must have been a great ancient city, a commercial centre as well, with the federation of trade guilds having its headquarters here.
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Aizawl
Aizawl (Hindi: आइजोल) is the capital of the state of Mizoram in India. With a resident population 291,822, it is the largest city within the state. It is also the center of all important government offices, state assembly house and civil secretariat. The population of Aizawl strongly reflects the different communities of the ethnic Mizo people.
In 1890, Officer Dally of the Assam Police and his 400 men arrived at the site that is now Aizawl, to support Colonel Skinner's troops during a British military operation against the tribals. On Dally's recommendation, Aizawl was selected as the site of a fortified post that Colonel Skinner had been ordered to construct. The troops constructed stockades and buildings at the site.
Aizawl was the site of a tribal uprising in 1890, and was besieged from 9 to 28 September. Robert McCabe, Deputy Commissioner of the Lakhimpur district, restored order in the area and forced 15 tribal chiefs to surrender. After this, more troops were stationed at Aizawl. Another uprising in 1892 was also quelled by McCabe.
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Allahabad
Allahabad ([ɪlɑhɑbɑd̪]; Hindi: इलाहाबाद; Urdu: الہ آباد), or Settled by God in Persian, is a major city of India and is one of the main holy cities of Hinduism. It was renamed by the Mughal emperor Akbar from the original (still unofficially used) native name of Prayaga, and is by some accounts the second-oldest city in India. It is located in the north Indian state of Uttar Pradesh, lying some 205 kilometres (127 mi) south of the state capital, Lucknow. It is the administrative headquarters of the Allahabad District. Allahabad has been ranked the world's 130th fastest growing city (growth rate: 2.09 per cent (2011)).[citation needed] The ancient name of the city is Prayaga (Sanskrit for "place of sacrifice"), as it is believed to be the spot where Brahma offered his first sacrifice after creating the world. It is one of four sites of the mass Hindu pilgrimage Kumbh Mela, the others being Haridwar, Ujjain and Nashik. It has a position of importance in Hindu scriptures for it is situated at Triveni Sangam, the confluence of the holy rivers Ganges and Yamuna, and the ancient Sarasvati River.
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Amritsar
Amritsar (
pronunciation (help·info); Punjabi: ਅੰਮ੍ਰਿਤਸਰ IPA: [əmːɾɪt̪səɾ], historically also known as ਰਾਮਦਾਸਪੁਰ Rāmdāspur and colloquially as ਅੰਬਰਸਰ, Ambarsar) is a city in the north-western part of India. It is the spiritual center for the Sikh religion and the administrative headquarters of the Amritsar district in the state of Punjab.
It is home to the Harmandir Sahib (referred to as the "Golden Temple" in the western media), the spiritual and cultural center for the Sikh religion. This important Sikh shrine attracts more visitors than the Taj Mahal with more than 100,000 visitors on week days alone and is the most popular destination for Non-resident Indians (NRI) in the whole of India. The city also houses the Sikh temporal and political authority, Akal Takht, as well as the Sikh Parliament.
The 2011 Indian census reported the population of the city to be 1,132,761. Amritsar is situated 217 kilometres (135 mi) northwest of state capital Chandigarh and is 32 kilometres (20 mi) east of Lahore, Pakistan and therefore, very close to India's western border with Pakistan.
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Arekere
Arekere (Kannada:ಅರಕೆರೆ) is a residential area on Bannerghatta Road in South Bengaluru. The origin of the name "Arekere" comes comes from a water reservoir which is in the area. Are in Kannada means half. Kere in Kannada means a water reservoir or pond.
Some of the well developed residential areas in Arekere are, Arekere-Mico Layout which is a BDA layout and was developed in the late 70's, Pandurangnagar which is just adjacent to Mico layout. Some of the apartment complexes in Arekere are Syndicate Bank Colony, L & T Southcity, Mantri Paradise, Mantri Woodlands, Mantri Residency, Meenakshi Residency [1], Meenakshi Mangalam, Shantiniketan, Vijaya Bank Enclave, Aspenwood Apartments. Schools in this area are BGS National Public School, Mitra Academy etc. Bright Kids and some more play schools are there too.
The entire area has developed very fast since year 2000 due to large number of IT, BPO companies, and even hospitals like Apollo Hospitals and Wockhardt Hospital have come up nearby.IIM Bangalore is half a km from this area.
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Asansol
Asansol is a coal mining and industrial metropolis and one of the busiest commercial centres in India. It is the second largest city and urban agglomeration in West Bengal after Kolkata and the 19th largest urban agglomeration in India. Asansol is located in the Burdwan District of India. It has a large workforce, moderately high per capita income, educational establishments, good transport connections, several housing complexes, and land suitable for industry, institutions, transport and commerce. Its hinterland is Bankura and Purulia districts and North Bengal, linked to parts of Orissa and Jharkhand states. According to a report released by International Institute for Environment and Development, a UK-based policy research non-governmental body, Asansol is among the 11 Indian cities in the list of 100 fastest growing cities in the world with a rank of 42. The name Asansol is derived from two different names, Asan tree (a species of tree found on the banks of river Damodar) and Sol-Bhumi/Sol-land (the land rich in minerals).
wn.com/Asansol -
Avanade
Avanade Inc., a subsidiary of Accenture plc., is a multinational IT consulting and software company that develops business software from a Microsoft products platform. Founded on April 4, 2000, Avanade is atypical amongst many systems integrators such as IBM and HP in that Avanade's services are specialized to the Microsoft software platform. Headquartered in Seattle, Washington, the company had 9700 employees in 34 countries at the close of its fiscal year 2009. Avanade has 5,000+ badged staff located offshore in India, China, the Philippines, Spain, Morocco, Argentina and Slovakia who work in Accenture-owned delivery centers as part of a global delivery network.
Avanade was formed in April 2000 as a joint venture between Accenture and Microsoft. Ownership was initially split between the two founding companies, with Accenture owning 51% and Microsoft 49%. In 2001, however, Accenture increased its ownership to become the majority owner and Avanade became a subsidiary of Accenture.
Through the joint venture, Accenture and Microsoft looked to enter what they perceived to be a largely untapped market for Microsoft-focused consulting services for companies in the Fortune 1000.
wn.com/Avanade -
Badami
Badami (Kannada: ಬದಾಮಿ), formerly known as Vatapi, is a town and headquarters of a taluk by the same name, in the Bagalkot district of Karnataka, India. It was the regal capital of the Badami Chalukyas from 540 to 757 AD. It is famous for rock cut and other structural temples. It is located in a ravine at the foot of a rugged, red sandstone outcrop that surrounds Agastya lake.
The name Vatapi has origin in the Vatapi legend of Ramayana relating to Sage Agastya.There were two demon siblings Vatapi and Ilvala. They used to kill all mendicants by tricking them in a peculiar way. The elder Ilvala would turn Vatapi into a ram and would offer its meat to the guest. As soon as the person ate the meat, Ilvala would call out the name of Vatapi. As he had a boon that whomsoever Ilvala calls would return from even the netherland, Vatapi would emerge ripping through the body of the person, thus killing him. Their trick worked until Sage Agastya countered them by digesting Vatapi before Ilvala could call for him, thus ending the life of Vatapi at the hands of Ilvala. Two of the hills in Badami represent the demons Vatapi and Ilvala.
wn.com/Badami -
Baghdad
Baghdad (Arabic: بغداد, Baġdād, IPA: [bæɣˈdæːd]) is the capital of Republic of Iraq, as well as the coterminous Baghdad Province. The population of Baghdad as of 2011 is approximately 7,216,040, making it the largest city in Iraq, the second largest city in the Arab World (after Cairo, Egypt), and the second largest city in Western Asia (after Tehran, Iran).
Located along the Tigris River, the city was founded in the 8th century and became the capital of the Abbasid Caliphate. Within a short time of its inception, Baghdad evolved into a significant cultural, commercial, and intellectual center for the Islamic World. This in addition to housing several key academic institutions (e.g. House of Wisdom) garnered the city a worldwide reputation as the "Center of Learning". Throughout the High Middle Ages, Baghdad was considered to be the largest city in the world with an estimated population of 1,200,000 people. The city was largely destroyed at the hands of the Mongol Empire in 1258, resulting in a decline that would linger through many centuries due to frequent plagues and multiple successive empires. With the recognition of Iraq as an independent state (formerly the British Mandate of Mesopotamia) in 1938, Baghdad gradually regained some of its former prominence as a significant center of Arabic culture.
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Bagmane Tech Park
Bagmane Tech Park is a software technology park in India. The park is situated at Sir C V Raman Nagar in Bangalore. This park is built and maintained by Bagmane Group. The park shares its boundaries with HAL and DRDO and is near the HAL Airport. It is equipped with all modern class facilities and is surrounded by a lake near the entrance. It also contains a shopping mall, and a 4.7 hectare lake in its centre.
The park is home to some of the most prominent companies in world like Informatica, Cypress Semiconductor, Motorola, Dover Corporation, Yahoo!, Oracle Corporation, HP, Juniper Networks, Lenovo, Texas Instruments, LinkedIn, MphasiS, Samsung India Software Operations, First Indian Corporation, Sasken, Novell, Cognizant Technology Solutions, Ogilvy, Volvo, Dell, Tesco Hindustan Service, Tecnotree, and Saggezza India Pvt Ltd www.saggezza.com.
The park consists of 10 large buildings, 9 completed and 1 in construction
1. I-flex park - House of I-flex solutions (Changed to Oracle Corporation by the end of 2008.)
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Banavasi
Banavasi (Kannada: ಬನವಾಸಿ) also known as Konkanapura is an ancient temple town in Uttara Kannada District bordering Shivamogga district in the South Indian state of Karnataka .Huen Tsang the Chinese traveler-monk who was in India between 630-644 C.E, visited Konkanapura called Konkanapulo(referred in Chinese scripts)or Banavasi.
Banavasi is one of the oldest towns in the Karnataka state. It has grown up around the Madhukeshwara Temple built in the 9th century and dedicated to Lord Shiva the supreme God in Shaivism, a major branch of Hinduism.
In 2006, a 5th century copper coin was discovered here with an inscription in the Kannada script, one of the oldest such coins ever discovered. The Directorate of Archaeology and Museums said that the coin's inscription in archaic Kannada proves beyond doubt that Banavasi had a mint in the 5th century. The coin's discovery supports the due claim for Classical status for Kannada language.
Adikavi Pampa, the first poet of Kannada, wrote his epics in Banavasi.
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Bandung
Bandung (pronounced [banˈduŋ]) (Indonesian: Kota Bandung) is the capital of West Java province in Indonesia, the country's third largest city, and second largest metropolitan area in Indonesia with a population of 7.4 million in 2007. Located 768 meters (2,520 ft) above sea level, approximately 140 km south eastern of Jakarta, Bandung has cooler temperatures year-round than most other Indonesian cities. The city lies on a river basin surrounded by volcanic mountains. This topography provides a good natural defense system, which was the primary reason for the Dutch East Indies government's plan to move the colony capital from Batavia to Bandung.
The Dutch colonials first established tea plantations around the mountains in the eighteenth century, and a road was constructed to connect the plantation area to the capital (180 km or 112 miles to the northwest). The Dutch inhabitants of the city demanded establishment of a municipality (gemeente), which was granted in 1906, and Bandung gradually developed itself into a resort city for plantation owners. Luxurious hotels, restaurants, cafes and European boutiques were opened, hence the city was nicknamed Parijs van Java (Dutch: "The Paris of Java").
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Bangalore
Bangalore /ˈbæŋɡəlɔər/, also rendered Bengaluru,[needs IPA] is the capital of the Indian state of Karnataka. Bangalore is nicknamed the Garden City for its gardens and parks and was once called a pensioner's paradise. Located on the Deccan Plateau in the south-eastern part of Karnataka, Bangalore is India's third most populous city and fifth-most populous urban agglomeration. Bangalore is well known as a hub for India's information technology sector. It is among the top 10 preferred entrepreneurial locations in the world.
A succession of South Indian dynasties ruled the region of Bangalore until in 1537 AD Kempe Gowda—a feudatory ruler under the Vijayanagara Empire—established a mud fort considered to be the foundation of modern Bangalore. Following transitory occupation by Maratha and Mughal, the city remained under the Mysore kingdom. Bangalore continued to be a cantonment of the British and a major city of the Princely State of Mysore which existed as a nominally sovereign entity of the British Raj. Following the independence of India in 1947, Bangalore became the capital of Mysore state, and later Karnataka.
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Bangalore Club
Located in Bangalore, India, The Bangalore Club is the oldest club in the city, founded in 1868. It counts among its previous members Winston Churchill and the Maharajah of Mysore. A ledger on display in the main building of the club is open to a page that has a list of "irrecoverable debts" that were written off by the club. One of these is the sum Rs.13, owed by Winston Churchill.
Membership at present for the category of new permanent members is closed, but last when open, had a waiting list of over 30 years.
The club has a number of restaurants, bars, libraries and sports facilities i.e.: Badminton, Squash, Billiards, Table Tennis, Swimming Pools, Tennis courts, Bridge, Gymnasium etc., and is built in the colonial style. In addition to these, it also has a number of stores for the convenience of its members, open to only club members.
Formerly known as the Bangalore United Services Club (BUS Club), it was originally formed for exclusive use by British and later, after independence, Indian military officers stationed in the cantonment. At present, it is largely a civilian club. Members of the services, however, continue to enjoy special privileges.
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Bangalore Fort
Bangalore Fort was originally built by Kempe Gowda a feudatory of the Vijaynagar Empire and the founder of Bangalore as a mud fort. It was converted into a stone fort by Haider Ali in 1761. It was a stronghold of Tipu Sultan that was captured by the army of the British East India Company led by Lord Cornwallis on 21 March 1791 during the Third Mysore War (1790–1792). Only the Delhi gate of the fort presently exists on Krishnarajendra Road bearing a marble plaque recording the spot where a breach in the fort wall delivered Bangalore Fort to the British. There also exists a wooden palace of Tipu sultan, and his armoury in the old fort area.The fort has provided the setting for the treasure hunt in the book Riddle of the Seventh Stone
The Bangalore fort, ca. 1791, was described as follows:
Coordinates: 12°57′46.35″N 77°34′33.44″E / 12.962875°N 77.5759556°E / 12.962875; 77.5759556
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Bangalore Palace
Coordinates: 12°59′55″N 77°35′32″E / 12.998529°N 77.592103°E / 12.998529; 77.592103
Bangalore Palace, a palace located in Bangalore, India, was built to look like a smaller replica of the Windsor Castle in England. It was built by Rev. Garrett, who was the first Principal of the Central High School in Bangalore, now known as Central College.
The construction of the palace was started in 1862 and completed in 1944. In 1884, it was bought by the Maharaja of Mysore. Now owned by the current scion of the Mysore royal family, Srikanta Datta Narsimharaja Wadiyar, the palace has recently undergone a renovation.
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Bangalore Town Hall
Bangalore Town Hall is a neoclassical municipal building in Bangalore, India. The town hall is named after the philanthropist and former president of Bangalore city municipality, Sir K.P Puttanna Chetty.
The foundation stone for the building was laid by the then Maharaja of Mysore, Krishna Rajendra Wodeyar, on March 6, 1933. The building was completed on September 11, 1935. It was inaugurated by crown prince Kanteerava Narasimharaja Wadiyar. Built by Sir Mirza Ismail, the building features a flight of steps leading to the entrance porch resting on Tuscan columns with identical columns extending on either sides. Financial assistance was provided by Kanteerava Wodeyar.
Due to improper acoustics, a renovation was proposed estimated at Rs 1,000,000 in 1976. Postponements delayed renovations till March 1990, when the building was finally closed for renovation. The cost then was 6.5 million rupees (approximately US$371,400).
The auditorium has two floors with a previous total capacity of 1,038 seats. The seating capacity has been reduced to 810 following the renovations.
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Bangkok
Bangkok is the capital city of and largest urban area in Thailand. It is known in Thai as Krung Thep Maha Nakhon (กรุงเทพมหานคร, pronounced [krūŋ tʰêːp máhǎː nákʰɔ̄ːn] (
listen)) or simply Krung Thep ( listen), meaning "city of angels". Bangkok is by far the most densely populated city in Thailand with about 12 million people. Bangkok was a small trading post near the mouth of the Chao Phraya River during the Ayutthaya Kingdom in the 15th century. It eventually grew in size and became the site of two capital cities: Thonburi in 1768 and Rattanakosin in 1782.
Because of its strategic location in Southeast Asia, Siam (later Thailand) acted as a buffer-zone between the French and British colonial empires. Bangkok itself has gained a reputation as an independent, dynamic and influential city. Bangkok is the political, social and economic centre of Thailand, and one of the leading cities in Southeast Asia.
Due to the 1980s and 1990s Asian investment boom, many multinational corporations make their regional headquarters in Bangkok and the city is a regional force in finance and business. Its increasing influence on global politics, culture, fashion and entertainment underlines its status as an Alpha global city. In 2009, it was the second most expensive city in South-East Asia behind Singapore. The city's many cultural landmarks and attractions in addition to its nightlife venues has made it synonymous with exoticism. Its rapid modernization, reflected in the cityscape and the urban society, has left untouched the historic Grand Palace, Wat Arun, Vimanmek Palace Complex and hundreds of Buddhist temples draw about 10 million international visitors each year, second only to London.
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Basavanagudi
Basavanagudi is a residential and commercial locality in the Indian city of Bangalore. The residential area is located in South Bangalore and borders Jayanagar. The name "Basavanagudi" refers to the Bull Temple that is located here. It is a monolith statue of the Nandi Bull. Basava in Kannada, the local language, means Bull and Gudi means temple. Hence, the name Basavanagudi.
Basavanagudi is one of the oldest areas in Bangalore. It was previously known as Sunkenahalli.It is the replica of the Bangalore of yore, with wide tree lined avenues dotted with houses. Commercialisation has taken a toll in this area with excessive tree felling to introduce residential and business structures. Lalbagh, falls as part of Basavangudi. This area is the cultural capital of Bangalore with predominant Kannadiga population and lot of festivities. It had very old traditional houses and is known for shooting Kannada television soap operas. Some well known religious places are the Bull temple, Ramakrishna Ashram and Shankar Matt.
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Basaveshwaranagar
Basaveshwaranagar is a locality of Bangalore. It is named after Basavanna, a social reformer. It is located in the western part of the city.
Basaveshwaranagar subsumes several sub-localities like Kamalanagar, Sharada Colony, Karnataka Housing Board (KHB) Colony, Kamakshipalya, Kurubarahalli, Saneguruvanahalli, SBI Officers colony, Nagapura, Manjunatha Nagar, Shiva Nagar, Bhimajyothinagar and Agrahara Dasarahalli.
Basaveshwaranagar, being a layout formed by the BDA, has several parks and playgrounds. Notable amongst these is the Dr. B.R.Ambedkar Stadium (ಅಂಬೇಡ್ಕರ್ ಕ್ರೀಡಾಂಗಣ) which was built on the now extinct Dasarahalli Tank. This is located adjacent to Gangamma Thimmaiah Choultry, at the beginning of Agrahaara Dasarahalli. This ground has an exclusive skating rink, running track with space in center for holding all sorts of athletic activities, with a nice big gallery to seat about 500 spectators.
Basaveshwaranagar was also known to have a 400 year old tree The Big Banyan Tree (Dodda Aalada Mara) which was a home for hundreds of monkeys and birds, it was a known public park in the vicinity. The tree met its death in 2009 when it cracked up in the middle of its main trunk & fell apart. It has now been replaced by a new one.
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Beijing
Beijing ( /beɪˈdʒɪŋ/; Chinese: 北京; pinyin: Běijīng, [peɪ˨˩ t͡ɕiŋ˥]), formerly romanized as Peking ( /piːˈkɪŋ/ or /peɪˈkɪŋ/), is the capital of the People's Republic of China and one of the most populous cities in the world, with a population of 19,612,368 as of 2010. The metropolis, located in northern China, is governed as a direct-controlled municipality under the national government, with 14 urban and suburban districts and two rural counties. Beijing Municipality is surrounded by Hebei Province with the exception of neighboring Tianjin Municipality to the southeast.
Beijing is China's second largest city by urban population after Shanghai and is the country's political, cultural, and educational center, and home to the headquarters for most of China's largest state-owned companies. Beijing is a major transportation hub in the national highway, expressway, railway and high-speed rail network. Beijing's Capital International Airport is the second busiest in the world by passenger traffic.
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Belarus
Belarus (i/bɛləˈruːs/ bel-ə-ROOSS; Belarusian: Беларусь, Russian pronunciation: [bʲɛlaˈrusʲ] Russian: Беларусь, Белоруссия, Belarus', Belorussiya), officially the Republic of Belarus, is a landlocked country in Eastern Europe, bordered clockwise by Russia to the northeast, Ukraine to the south, Poland to the west, and Lithuania and Latvia to the northwest. Its capital is Minsk; other major cities include Brest, Grodno (Hrodna), Gomel (Homiel), Mogilev (Mahilyow) and Vitebsk (Vitsebsk). Over forty percent of its 207,600 square kilometres (80,200 sq mi) is forested, and its strongest economic sectors are agriculture and manufacturing.
Until the 20th century, the lands of modern-day Belarus belonged to several countries, including the Principality of Polotsk, the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, and the Russian Empire. In the aftermath of the Russian Revolution, Belarus became a founding constituent republic of the Soviet Union and was renamed as the Byelorussian Soviet Socialist Republic (BSSR). The borders of Belarus took their modern shape in 1939 when some lands of the Second Polish Republic were incorporated into it after the Soviet invasion of Poland. The nation and its territory were devastated in World War II, during which Belarus lost about a third of its population and more than half of its economic resources. The republic was redeveloped in the post-war years. In 1945 the Belorussian SSR became a founding member of the United Nations, along with the Soviet Union and the Ukrainian SSR.
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Bengaluru Pete
Bengaluru Pete (Kannada: ಬೆಂಗಳೂರು ಪೇಟೆ) which was established by Kempegowda I (c. 1510–1570) in 1537 with roads laid in cardinal directions, with entrance gates at the end of each road is an integral part of the present day Bangalore city (Bengaluru Mahanagara Kannada: ಬೆಂಗಳೂರು ಮಹಾನಗರ) and has three taluks namely, Anekal, Bangalore North and Bangalore South. Kemepgowda also called the Pete he built as his "gandu bhoomi" or "Land of Heroes". Pete (Kannada: Market centre) forms a well–defined body of markets which were associated with various trades and professions of the populace in the locality markets and given the names of trades pursued in such markets. The well known markets are the Tharagupete–market for grains, the Balepete – for Bangles and musical instruments, the Chikkapete and the Nagarthpete for textile trade, the Ballapurpete and the Ganigarapete market where oil is extracted by people of the Ganiga community, the Tigalarapete–flower market of gardeners, the Cubbonpete – textile manufacture by people of the Devanga community.
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Bhopal
Bhopal /boʊˈpɑːl/ (Hindustani pronunciation: [bʱoːpaːl] ( listen)) is the capital of the Indian state of Madhya Pradesh and the administrative headquarters of Bhopal District and Bhopal Division. The city was the capital of the former Bhopal State. Bhopal is known as the City of Lakes for its various natural as well as artificial lakes and is also one of the greenest cities in India.
A B-1 class city, Bhopal houses various institutions and installations of national importance. Some of these include ISRO's Master Control Facility, the CSIR Advanced Materials and Processes Research Institute (AMPRI), Maulana Azad National Institute of Technology, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER Bhopal), School of Planning and Architecture, Indian Institute of Forest Management, Bharat Heavy Electricals Limited (BHEL), Gandhi Medical College, Bhopal (associated with Hamidia Hospital, Sultania Zanana Hospital & Kamla Nehru Hospital), and the (approved, under-construction) All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhopal.
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Bhubaneswar
Bhubaneswar /ˌbʊvəˈneɪʃwər/, also spelled Bhubaneshwar (Oriya: ଭୁବନେଶ୍ଵର Bhubanēsbara pronunciation (help·info)), is the capital of the Indian state of Orissa, officially spelled Odisha. The city has a history of over 2000 years starting with the Chhedi dynasty (around 2nd century BCE) who had Sisupalgarh near present-day Bhubaneswar as their capital. Bhubaneswar has been known by names such as Toshali, Kalinga Nagari, Nagar Kalinga, Ekamra Kanan, Ekamra Kshetra and Mandira Malini Nagari (City of Temples) otherwise known as the Temple City of India. Bhubaneswar, literally means the Lord (Eeswar) of the Universe (Bhuban). It is the largest city of Orissa, and a center of economic and religious importance in the region today.
Bhubaneswar's possession of magnificent sculptures and architectural heritage, coupled with the sanctity as Ekamrakshetra make this one of the great religious centres of Orissa since early medieval days. With its large number of Hindu temples (over 600 in number), which span the entire spectrum of Kalinga architecture, Bhubaneswar is often referred to as a Temple City of India and together with Puri and Konark it forms the Swarna Tribhuja (Golden Triangle); one of the most visited destinations in East India.
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Bilekahalli
Bilekahalli is a village in Bangalore, India. It is situated off Bannerghatta Road. It has gained prominence in recent times due to a boom in real estate and profusion of Information technology companies. Several prominent hospitals have been set up in this area.
Bilekahalli is also home to the Indian Institute of Management Bangalore, one of India's premier management institutes.
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Bogotá
Bogotá, Distrito Capital (Spanish pronunciation: [boɣoˈta] ( listen)), from 1991 to 2000 called Santafé de Bogotá, is the capital, and largest city, of Colombia. It is also designated by the national constitution as the capital of the department of Cundinamarca, even though the city of Bogotá now comprises an independent Capital district and no longer belongs administratively to that department. Bogotá is the most populous city in the country, with 7.363.782 inhabitants as of 2010. Bogotá and its metropolitan area, which includes municipalities such as Chía, Cota, Soacha, Cajicá and La Calera, had a population of 7,881,156 in 2005.
In terms of land area, Bogotá is the largest city in Colombia, and one of the biggest of Latin America. It figures amongst the thirty largest cities of the world and it is the third-highest capital city in South America (after La Paz and Quito) at 2,625 metres (8,612 ft) above sea level. With its many universities and libraries, Bogotá has become known as "The Athens of South America". Bogotá owns the largest moorland of the world, which is located in the Sumapaz Locality. The city ranked 54th in the 2010 Global Cities Index and is listed as global city of the Beta+ kind by the GaWC.
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BTM Layout
BTM Layout (an abbreviation of Byrasandra, Tavarekere and Madivala Layout) (Kannada: ಬಿ ಟೀ ಎಂ ಬಡಾವಣೆ) is a neighbourhood in Bangalore, Karnataka, India.
It is one of the high growth neighbourhoods in terms of property prices, showing an annual growth rate of close to 60% in early 2010.
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Bugle Rock
Bugle Rock (Kannada: ಕಹಲೆ Kahale) (12°56′35″N 77°34′12″E / 12.943°N 77.57°E / 12.943; 77.57) is a massive rock in the Basavanagudi area of South Bangalore, in the state of Karnataka. It is an abrupt rise above the ground of peninsular gneiss as the main rock formation and with an assessed age of about 3,000 million years. Bugle Rock has generated wide interest among the scientific community.
Kempe Gowda II (who came to power in 1585), the feudal ruler of Bangalore, is credited with building four watchtowers setting limits for Bangalore's expansion, which included a tower on the Bugle Rock (on the southern boundary) as it commands a panoramic view of Bangalore city. It is said that at sunset a sentry would blow the bugle and hold a torch (Kannada:panju) which was visible from the other three watch towers (one on the southern bank of the Kempambudi tank on the west, the second near Ulsoor Lake in the east and the third tower adjoining Ramana Maharshi Ashram on Bellary Road, namely Mekhri Circle in the north). This was done to inform people that everything was safe at that location and to give a warning bugle call to alert the citizens of any intruders into the city. Most of the rocks on the Bugle Rock, next to the Bull Temple, have hollows, which were once used to light lamps. This landmark spreads over an area of 16 acres (6.5 ha). This rock is contiguous and similar to the rock at Lalbagh tower.
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Cairo
Cairo ( /ˈkaɪroʊ/ KYE-roh; Arabic: القاهرة al-Qāhira, literally "The Vanquisher" or "The Conqueror"), is the capital of Egypt and the largest city in the Arab world and Africa, and the 16th largest metropolitan area in the world. Located near the Nile Delta, it was founded in the year 969 A.D. making it 1,043 years old. Nicknamed "The City of a Thousand Minarets" for its preponderance of Islamic architecture, Cairo has long been a centre of the region's political and cultural life. Cairo was founded by the Fatimid dynasty in the 10th century AD.; but the land composing the present-day city was the site of national capitals whose remnants remain visible in parts of Old Cairo. Cairo is also associated with Ancient Egypt due to its proximity to the ancient cities of Memphis, Giza and Fustat which are nearby to the Great Sphinx and the pyramids of Giza.
Egyptians today often refer to Cairo as Maṣr (Arabic: مصر), the Arabic pronunciation of the name for Egypt itself, emphasizing the city's continued role in Egyptian influence. Cairo has the oldest and largest film and music industries in the Arab World, as well as the world's second-oldest institution of higher learning, al-Azhar University. Many international media, businesses, and organizations have regional headquarters in the city, and the Arab League has had its headquarters in Cairo for most of its existence.
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California
California (pronouncedi/kælɨˈfɔrnjə/) is a state located on the West Coast of the United States. It is by far the most populous U.S. state, and the third most extensive (after Alaska and Texas). It is home to the nation's second- and sixth-largest census statistical areas (Los Angeles Metropolitan Area and San Francisco Bay Area), and eight of the nation's fifty most populated cities (Los Angeles, San Diego, San Jose, San Francisco, Fresno, Sacramento, Long Beach and Oakland). The capital city is Sacramento.
California's diverse geography ranges from the Pacific Coast in the west, to the Sierra Nevada mountains in the east – from the Redwood–Douglas-fir forests of the northwest, to the Mojave Desert areas in the southeast. The center of the state is dominated by Central Valley, a major agricultural area. California contains both the highest and lowest points in the contiguous United States (Mount Whitney and Death Valley), and has the third-longest coastline of all states (after Alaska and Florida). Earthquakes are a common occurrence due to the state's location along the Pacific Ring of Fire: about 37,000 are recorded annually.
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Chandigarh
Chandigarh /ˈtʃɑːndɨɡər/ is a city and union territory in India that serves as the capital of two states, Haryana and Punjab. The name Chandigarh translates as "The Fort of Chandi". The name is derived from an ancient temple called Chandi Mandir, devoted to the Hindu goddess Chandi, in the city. It is also referred to as The City Beautiful due to its beautiful surroundings, central grid of gardens, each dedicated to different species of flora.
The city of Chandigarh was the first planned city in India and is known internationally for its architecture and urban design. The city has projects designed by architects such as Le Corbusier, Pierre Jeanneret, Jane Drew, and Maxwell Fry. The city tops the list of Indian States and Union Territories with the highest per capita income in the country at Rs.99,262 at current prices and Rs.70,361 at constant prices (2006–2007). The city was reported in 2010 to be the "cleanest" in India, based on a national government study, and the territory also headed the list of Indian states and territories according to research conducted using 2005 data by Human Development Index.
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Chennai
Chennai /ˈtʃɛnaɪ/, formerly Madras /məˈdræs/, is the capital city of the Indian state of Tamil Nadu. Located on the Coromandel Coast off the Bay of Bengal, it is a major commercial, cultural, and educational centre in South India, while the port of Chennai is the second largest port in India. As of the 2011 census, the city had 4.68 million residents making it the sixth most populous city in India; the urban agglomeration, which comprises the city and its suburbs, was home to approximately 8.9 million, making it the fourth most populous metropolitan area in the country.
Although the area has been part of successive South Indian kingdoms through centuries, the recorded history of the city began in the colonial times, specifically with the arrival of British East India Company and the establishment in 1644 of Fort St George, an English settlement. The British defended several attacks from the French colonial forces, and from the kingdom of Mysore, on Chennai's way to become a major naval port and presidency city by late eighteenth century. Following the independence of India, Chennai became the capital of Tamil Nadu and a hotbed of regional politics that tended to bank on Dravidian identity of the populace. Chennai had become a bustling metropolis with beautiful classical and colonial European styled buildings, lining the city’s thoroughfares.
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Chicago
Chicago (
i/ʃɪˈkɑːɡoʊ/ or /ʃɪˈkɔːɡoʊ/) is the largest city in the US state of Illinois and the third most populous city in the United States after New York City and Los Angeles. The city has around 2.7 million residents. Its metropolitan area, sometimes called "Chicagoland", is the third largest in the United States, with an estimated 9.8 million people. Chicago is the county seat of Cook County, though a small portion also extends into DuPage County.
Chicago was incorporated as a city in 1837, near a portage between the Great Lakes and the Mississippi River watershed. Today, Chicago is listed as an alpha+ global city by the Globalization and World Cities Research Network, and ranks seventh in the world on the 2012 Global Cities Index. The city retains its status as an international hub for finance, industry, telecommunications and infrastructure, with O'Hare International Airport being the second busiest airport in the world in terms of traffic movements. In 2008[update], the city hosted 45.6 million domestic and overseas visitors. Among metropolitan areas, Chicago has the 4th largest Gross Domestic Product (GDP) in the world, ranking just behind Tokyo, New York City, and Los Angeles. Chicago is one of the most important Worldwide Centers of Commerce and trade.
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Cleveland
Cleveland ( /ˈkliːvlənd/) is a city in the U.S. state of Ohio and is the county seat of Cuyahoga County, the most populous county in the state. The city is located in northeastern Ohio on the southern shore of Lake Erie, approximately 60 miles (97 km) west of the Pennsylvania border. It was founded in 1796 near the mouth of the Cuyahoga River, and became a manufacturing center owing to its location on the lake shore, as well as being connected to numerous canals and railroad lines. Cleveland's economy has diversified sectors that include manufacturing, financial services, healthcare, and biomedical. Cleveland is home to the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame.
As of the 2010 Census, the city proper had a total population of 396,815 and was the 45th largest city in the United States, and the second largest city in Ohio. It is the center of Greater Cleveland, the largest metropolitan area in Ohio. The Cleveland-Elyria-Mentor Metropolitan Statistical Area in 2011 ranked as the 28th largest in the United States with 2,068,283 people. Cleveland is part of the larger Cleveland-Akron-Elyria Combined Statistical Area, which in 2011 had a population of 2,871,084, and ranked as the country's 15th largest.
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Coimbatore
Coimbatore (Tamil: கோயம்புத்தூர், pronounced [kɔəjmbaːʈɔrɪ]), also known as Kovai (Tamil: கோவை, pronounced [kɔʋaːəj] ( listen)), is the second largest city in the Indian state of Tamil Nadu and the 15th largest urban agglomeration in India with a metropolitan population of over 2 million. It is a major commercial centre and has often been referred to as the "Manchester of South India".
The Coimbatore region has been ruled by the Cheras, the Cholas, the later Pandyas, the Vijayanagar Empire and the Madurai Nayaks and is believed to have been named after a chieftain called Koyan. In the 17th century, the city became a part of the Kingdom of Mysore and remained so until its conquest by the British East India Company in 1799. The history of modern Coimbatore, however, dates from the 1930s, when the city grew rapidly capitalizing on a textile boom. Since then, the city has witnessed steady growth fueled by its favourable soil, climate and political and economic conditions.
Coimbatore is administered by the Coimbatore Municipal Corporation which comprises 100 wards grouped into five zones. It is situated on the banks of the Noyyal River in western Tamil Nadu and is surrounded by the Western Ghats on all sides. It is well connected by road, rail and air with major towns and cities in India.
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Cubbon Park
Cubbon Park (Kannada: ಕಬ್ಬನ್ ಪಾರ್ಕ್) is a landmark 'lung' area of the Bangalore city, located (12°58′N 77°36′E / 12.97°N 77.6°E / 12.97; 77.6) within the heart of city in the Central Administrative Area. Originally created in 1870, when Major General Richard Sankey was the then British Chief Engineer of Mysore state, it covered an area of 100 acres (0.40 km2) and subsequent expansion has taken place and the area reported now is about 300 acres (1.2 km2). It has a rich recorded history of abundant flora and fauna plantations coupled with numerous impressive and aesthetically located buildings and statues of famous personages, in its precincts. This public park was first named as “Meade’s Park” after Sir John Meade, the acting Commissioner of Mysore in 1870 and subsequently renamed as Cubbon Park after the longest serving commissioner of the time, Sir Mark Cubbon. To commemorate the Silver Jubilee of Sri Krishnaraja Wodeyar’s rule in Mysore State, in the year 1927, the park was again renamed as "Sri. Chamarajendra Park", in memory of the 19th Century ruler of the state Sri Chamarajendra Wodeyar (1868 – 94) during whose rule the park came into existence. The landscaping in the park creatively integrates natural rock outcrops with thickets of trees, massive bamboos, with grassy expanse and flowerbeds and the monuments within its limits, regulated by the Horticulture Department of the Government of Karnataka. The predominantly green area of the park has many motorable roads, and the well laid out walking paths running through the park are frequented by early morning walkers and the naturalists who study plants in the tranquil natural environment.
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Daly Memorial Hall
Coordinates: 12°58′16.78″N 77°35′13.01″E / 12.9713278°N 77.5869472°E / 12.9713278; 77.5869472
The Daly Memorial Hall, located in Bangalore, Karnataka was built in 1917 to house the Mythic Society (founded 1909).
It was the creation of both the British as well as Indian residents who were eager to know India's life, society and history, in the hope that useful and interesting information might be gathered of the history, growth and source of the civilization in which people lived. The society was the brainchild of F. J. Richards who was the Collector, Bangalore cantonment District under the Madras Presidency. Richards visualised the Mythic Society as an academic 'club'. At a meeting held at his residence on 5 May 1909, a list of members likely to be interested in this 'club' was drawn up. It had seventeen names of both European and Indian residents of Bangalore. Thus was born the Society.
To the great surprise of the founders, the first year membership of the club touched 174.
It was a French priest who was destined to come to India and to leave his indelible mark on Bangalore in the form of the Daly memorial Hall. Arriving in Bangalore in 1886, the Reverend Father Antoninette Marie Tabard was attached to St. Joseph's College. However, since had come out to India to be a Missionary, teaching did not satisfy his inner urge and so he appealed to his Bishop Dr. Kleiner to send him out in the District. He wanted to identify himself with the people amongst whom he had to work. He was sent to Mysore to study the regional language Kannada under Rev. Father Reautearu.
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Dasarahalli
Dasarahalli is a town and a city municipal council in Bangalore Rural district in the state of Karnataka, India.
As of 2001[update] India census"Census of India 2001: Data from the 2001 Census, including cities, villages and towns (Provisional)". Census Commission of India. Archived from the original on 2004-06-16. http://web.archive.org/web/20040616075334/http://www.censusindia.net/results/town.php?stad=A&state5=999. Retrieved 2008-11-01. , Dasarahalli had a population of 263,636. Males constitute 54% of the population and females 46%. Dasarahalli has an average literacy rate of 72%, higher than the national average of 59.5%: male literacy is 77% and, female literacy is 66%. In Dasarahalli, 12% of the population is under 6 years of age.
T Dasarahalli (Tumkur road Dasarahalli) or Peenya Dasarahalli was a former City Municipal Council. But, now it is officially merged to Bruhat Bangalore Mahanagara Palike. T Dasarahalli is also an Assembly Constituency after delimitation of Assembly constituencies. Muniraju is now representing Dasarahalli constituency.
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Deccan Plateau
The Deccan Plateau is a large plateau in India, making up most of the southern part of the country. It rises a hundred meters high in the north, and more than a kilometer high in the south, forming a raised triangle within the familiar downward-pointing triangle of the Indian subcontinent's coastline.
It extends over eight Indian states and encompasses a wide range of habitats, covering most of central and southern India.
It is located between two mountain ranges: the Western Ghats form its western boundary, and the Eastern Ghats its eastern boundary. Each rises from their respective nearby coastal plains and nearly meet at the southern tip of India. It is separated from the Gangetic plain to the north by the Satpura and Vindhya Ranges, which form its northern boundary.
The name Deccan is an anglicised form of the Prakrit word dakkhin, itself derived from the Sanskrit word dákṣiṇa, meaning "south".
The Deccan Plateau lies south of the Indo-Gangetic plain. The Western Ghats Mountain Range is tall and blocks the moisture from the southwest monsoon from reaching the Deccan Plateau, so the region receives very little rainfall. The eastern Deccan Plateau is at a lower elevation spanning the southeastern coast of India. Its forests are also relatively dry but serve to retain the rain to form streams that feed into rivers that flow into basins and then into the Bay of Bengal.
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Dehradun
Dehra Dun, or Dehradun /ˌdɛrəˈduːn/ (Hindi: देहरादून, Dēharādūn), is the capital city of the State of Uttarakhand in north India. Located in the Garhwal region, it is 255 km north of India's capital New Delhi and consists of 6 tehsils, 6 community development blocks, 17 towns and 764 inhabited villages. The city has been chosen as one of the "Counter Magnets" of the National Capital Region (NCR) and is being developed as an alternative centre of growth to help ease the migration and population explosion in the Delhi metropolitan area.
Dehradun is renowned for its natural resources, publishing services, and for its prestigious educational institutions such as the Forest Research Institute (FRI), Indian Military Academy (IMA) and several day and boarding schools which are highly reputed across the country. It is also home to national foundations such as the Indian Institute of Petroleum, Survey of India, Wildlife Institute of India and the Oil and Natural Gas Corporation.
Located on the foothills of the Himalayas, the Doon Valley is nestled between two of India's mightiest rivers - the Ganges on the east and the Yamuna on the west. Dehradun is famous for its picturesque landscape and pleasant climate and provides a gateway to the surrounding region. It is well connected and in proximity to popular Himalayan tourist destinations such as Mussoorie, Nainital and Auli and the Hindu holy cities of Haridwar and Rishikesh along with the Himalayan pilgrimage circuit of Char Dham.
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Delhi
Delhi (/ˈdɛli/; locally pronounced Dillee or Dehli), officially the National Capital Territory of Delhi (NCT), is the largest metropolis by area and the second-largest metropolis by population in India. It is the eighth largest metropolis in the world by population with 16.7 million inhabitants in the Territory at the 2011 Census. The region has been given special status of National Capital Region under The Constitution (69th Amendment) Act, 1991. There are nearly 22.2 million residents in the greater National Capital Region urban area (which also includes the cities Noida, Greater Noida, Ghaziabad, Gurgaon,Sonepat and Faridabad along with other smaller nearby towns).
Delhi is known to have been continuously inhabited since at least the 6th century BCE, though human habitation is believed to have existed since the second millennium BCE. Delhi is also widely believed to have been the site of Indraprastha, the legendary capital of the Pandavas during the times of the Mahabharata. Delhi re-emerged as a major political, cultural and commercial city along the trade routes between northwest India and the Gangetic plain after the rise of the Delhi sultanates. It is the site of many ancient and medieval monuments, archaeological sites and remains.
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Devanahalli
Devanahalli (Kannada: ದೇವನಹಳ್ಳಿ ) previously called Devanadoddi, Devanapura, and Yusufabad) is a town and Town Municipal Council in Bangalore Rural district in the state of Karnataka in India. The town is located 30 kilometres (19 mi) to the north east of Bangalore. Devanahalli is the site of the newly constructed Bengaluru International Airport, the second largest in India. A multi-billion Dollar Devanahalli Business Park with two IT Parks are upcoming on nearly 400 acres (1.6 km2) adjoining the airport. An Aerospace park, Science park, and 1000 Crore Financial City are also upcoming. A new Satellite ring road will connect the city with Doddaballapur. Devanahalli is situated near the upcoming $22 Billion, 12,000-acre (49 km2) BIAL IT Investment Region, the largest IT region in India. Total infrastructure development in the area is estimated to be well over US $30 Billion over the next two years. With significant commercial and residential development in the area, real estate is in high demand in the region.
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Dhaka
Dhaka (Bengali: ঢাকা, pronounced IPA: [ˈɖʱaka]; formerly spelled Dacca, named Jahangirnagar during Mughal era) is the capital of Bangladesh and the principal city of Dhaka Division. Dhaka is a megacity and one of the major cities of South Asia. It is located on the banks of the Buriganga River. Dhaka, along with its metropolitan area, had a population of over 16 million in 2011, making it the largest city in Bangladesh. It is the 9th largest city in the world and also 28th among the most densely populated cities in the world. Dhaka is known as the City of Mosques and with 400,000 cycle rickshaws running on its streets every day, the city is also described as the Rickshaw Capital of the World.
Under Mughal rule in the 17th century, the city was known as Jahangir Nagar. It was a provincial capital and a centre of the worldwide muslin trade. The modern city, however, was developed chiefly under British rule in the 19th century, and became the second-largest city in Bengal after Calcutta (presently Kolkata). After the Partition of Bengal in 1905, Dhaka became the capital of the new province of Eastern Bengal and Assam but lost its status as a provincial capital again after the partition was annulled in 1911. After the partition of India in 1947, Dhaka became the administrative capital of East Pakistan, and later, in 1971, the capital of an independent Bangladesh. During the intervening period, the city witnessed widespread turmoil; this included many impositions of martial law, the declaration of Bangladesh's independence, military suppression, devastation during war, and natural calamities.
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Dhanbad
Dhanbad (Hindi: धनबाद, Bengali: ধনবাদ) is a city in the state of Jharkhand, and is also known as the Coal Capital of India. Dhanbad is the 96th fastest growing city in the world. According to the 2011 census, Dhanbad is among the 53 cities of India with a population of more than one million and is the 42nd largest city. Among the rail divisions of Indian Railway, Dhanbad Rail Division is the second largest in terms of revenue generation after Mumbai division.
Dhanbad is famous for coal mining. Tata Steel, BCCL, ECL and IISCO (Indian Iron And Steel Company) are some of the companies having coal mines in the district. Coal mining, coal washing, and coke making are the main coal-related industries in the city. IISCO is now owned by SAIL, while BCCL and Eastern Coalfields Limited are subsidiaries of Coal India Limited (CIL); these two companies are the largest operators of coal mines in Dhanbad, and have open cast mines as well as underground mines, whereas Tata Steel has mostly underground mines. These companies have developed townships for their employees. The prestigious Indian School of Mines is located in the heart of the city of Dhanbad.
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Dispur
Dispur /dɪsˈpʊər/ pronunciation (help·info)) is the capital of Assam, in northeast India.
Dispur has existed as a locality on the outskirts of Guwahati, took its place as the capital of Assam in 1973. This was after Shillong, the erstwhile capital, became the capital of the state of Meghalaya that was carved out of Assam.
Dispur is the seat of Government of Assam. The Assam Secretariat building is located in Dispur along with the Assam Assembly House and the State Emergency Operations Centre. The Assam Trunk road and the G S road passes through Dispur. To the south of Dispur is the theologically important site of Basistha Ashram and the Shankardev Kalakshetra, a cultural center created in the 1990s. Next to Dispur is the ancient township of Jatia.
Though it is well known as the capital of Assam, Dispur is also known for its tea auctions market. It is easily accessible from Guwahati. As is the case of Assam, Dispur too is on the earthquake belt.
Dispur is part of Gauhati (Lok Sabha constituency).
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Doddabettahalli
Doddabettahalli is a village and the highest point in Bangalore, India (962 m). It is located in the Bangalore North Taluk.
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Domlur
Domlur is a small township located in the eastern part of Bangalore city in India. Earlier it was known as Bhagat Singh Nagar,[citation needed] but for some unknown reasons, it is better known as Domlur. There is a debate over the exact meaning of Domlur. From what can be deciphered from old people living in the area, Domlur is a word derived from Tombalur, [1] a kind of flower which is used to worship Lord Shiva. This is further supported by the inscriptions found in Chokkanathaswamy temple in Domlur, which is believed to be constructed by Cholas. [2] Another story says that the name Domlur is derived from the Telugu word "Domulu" which means mosquito. This story is substantiated by the fact that Domlur has a large population of Telugu speaking people and it has quite a significant population of mosquitoes as well.
Domlur is surrounded by offices of multinational software companies and BPOs like Dell, IBM, Microsoft and Target. Domlur is located close to the 'old airport' (The Airport has now shifted to Devanahalli in the North of Bangalore).
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Dongguan
Dongguan (simplified Chinese: 东莞; traditional Chinese: 東莞; pinyin: Dōngguǎn, Mandarin pronunciation: [tʊ́ŋkwàn]; Cantonese: Dung1 gun2; Postal Map Spelling: Tungkuan) is a prefecture-level city in central Guangdong province, People's Republic of China.
An important industrial city located in the Pearl River Delta, Dongguan borders the provincial capital of Guangzhou to the north, Huizhou to the northeast, Shenzhen to the south, and the Pearl River to the west.
It is also home to the world's largest, though mostly empty, shopping mall, New South China Mall. City administration is considered especially progressive in seeking foreign direct investment. The three neighboring municipalities of Guangzhou, Dongguan, and Shenzhen are home to over 25 million residents, accounting for a large proportion of the Pearl River Delta Region's population.
Dongguan ranks behind only Shenzhen, Shanghai and Suzhou in exports among Chinese cities, with $65.54bn in shipment.
Dongguan has no intermediate county level; instead it is divided into:
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East Rand
Coordinates: 26°10′38″S 28°13′19″E / 26.17722°S 28.22194°E / -26.17722; 28.22194
The East Rand (known in Afrikaans as the Oos-Rand) is the name of the urban eastern part of the Witwatersrand that is functionally merged with the Johannesburg conurbation. This area became settled by Europeans after a gold-bearing reef discovered in 1886 and sparked the gold rush that gave rise to the establishment of Johannesburg.
The large black townships of the East Rand were the scene of heavy clashes between the African National Congress and the Inkatha Freedom Party before the end of Apartheid.
The region extends from Germiston in the west to Springs in the east, and south down to Nigel, and includes the towns of Boksburg, Benoni, Brakpan, Kempton Park, Edenvale, and Bedfordview.
As part of the restructuring of municipalities in South Africa at the time, the local governments of the East Rand were merged into a single municipality in 1999, called the Ekurhuleni Metropolitan Municipality, meaning "place of peace."
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Electronics City
Electronics City (Kannada: ಎಲೆಕ್ಟ್ರೋನಿಕ್ಸ್ ಸಿಟಿ ) is one of India's largest electronic industrial parks, spread over 332 acres (1.3 km²) in Konappana Agrahara and Doddathogur villages, just outside Bangalore, India. It has three phases – Phase I, Phase II and Phase III. Electronics City was established by Keonics, Karnataka Electronics, a pioneer in information technology infrastructure development. Keonics Electronics City has a world class infrastructure which has housed major IT /ITES companies such as Bosch, Wipro, Mahindra Satyam, Hewlett-Packard, Infosys, HCL Technologies, Patni Computer Systems, CGI, Siemens, Yokogawa Electric, Genpact, Intel, etc.
The Electronics City was the brainchild of R.K. Baliga, the first Chairman and Managing Director of Keonics, Karnataka Electronics. He dreamt of making Bangalore the Silicon Valley of India when he developed the concept of Electronic City. He did not live to see his dream materialize (he died in 1988). The liberalisation of the Indian economy in the early 1990s by the then Indian Prime Minister P.V. Narasimha Rao and then Indian Finance Minister Dr. Manmohan Singh helped Electronic City to become what it is today—the outsourcing capital of the world. In 1997, the maintenance and upkeep of Electronic City was handed over by Keonics to ELCIA, the Electronics City Industries Association, having representatives from units in the enclave, for effective local governance and management.
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Faridabad
Faridabad (Hindi: फरीदाबाद) is a city in the south-east of Haryana state in northern India, in Faridabad district. It lies at 28°25′16″N Latitude and 77°18′28″E Longitude. The district shares its boundaries with the National Capital and Union Territory of Delhi to its north, Gurgaon district to the west and Uttar Pradesh to its east and south. Faridabad enjoys a prime location both geographically and politically.It contains a big number of workers and peoples. The river Yamuna separates the District Boundary on eastern side with Uttar Pradesh. Delhi-Agra National Highway No.2 (Shershah Suri Marg) passes through the centre of the district. The city has many railway stations on the Delhi-Mathura double track broad-gauge line of the North Central Railway. The railway stations of Old Faridabad and New Industrial Township (NIT) are the major ones.
Faridabad is the largest city and one of the major industrial hubs of Haryana. It generates 60% of the revenue of the state. 50% of the income tax collected in Haryana is from Faridabad and Gurgaon. Faridabad is famous for heena production from the agricultural sector while tractors, motorcycles, switch gears, refrigerators, shoes and tyres are the famous industrial products of the city.
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Foshan
Foshan (Chinese: 佛山; pinyin: Fóshān, pronounced [fwɔ̌ ʂán]), is a city in central Guangdong province in southern China. The prefectural area under the city's jurisdiction over an area of about 3,840 km² and a population of 5.4 million of which 1.1 million reside in the city proper (year 2000 figures).
It is shown on some older maps as 'Fatshan', which is a phonetic spelling of the city's Cantonese name. Today many areas of Foshan city are occupied mostly by Chinese migrants coming from different provinces of China and speak only Mandarin, while its native dialect is a Foshan variant of Cantonese.
The town of Foshan is many centuries old, and was famous for its porcelain industry. Now, the third largest city in Guangdong, it has become relatively affluent compared to other Chinese cities, and is home to many large private enterprises. Foshan has recently seen a transformation brought by China's booming economy. Foshan is also famous for its martial arts. It contains numerous Wing Chun schools where many come to train and spar.
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Gandhinagar
Gandhinagar /ɡɑːndɨˈnɑːɡər/ (Gujarati: ગાંધીનગર pronunciation (help·info)) is the capital of the state of Gujarat in western India. Gandhinagar is located approximately 23 km North from Ahmedabad, the biggest city of Gujarat, on the west central point of the Industrial corridor between Delhi, the political capital of India, and Mumbai, the financial capital of India.
In 1960, when the old Bombay State was bifurcated into the present states of Maharashtra and Gujarat, Bombay city fell to the share of Maharastra. It was then decided to build an entirely new capital for Gujarat.
Gandhinagar, Gujarat's new capital city, lies on the west bank of the Sabarmati River, about 464 km away from Mumbai, the financial capital of India. Gandhinagar presents the spacious, well-organized look of an architecturally integrated city.
Thirty sectors, into which the city has been divided, stretch around the central Government complex. Each sector has its own shopping and community center, primary school, health center, government and private housing. Apart from which there is a generous provision for wide open green parks, extensive planting and a large recreational area along the river giving the city a lush green garden-city atmosphere.
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Gangtok
Gangtok /ˈɡæŋtɒk/ (Devanagri: गान्तोक (help·info)Tibetan: སྒང་ཐོག་) is the capital and largest town of the Indian state of Sikkim. Gangtok is located in the Shivalik Hills of the eastern Himalayan range, at an altitude of 1,437 metres (4,715 ft). The town, with a population of thirty thousand belonging to different ethnicities such as Indian-Nepalis, Lepchas and Bhutia, is administered by the "Gangtok Municipal Corporation". Nestled within higher peaks of the Himalaya and enjoying a year-round mild temperate climate, Gangtok is at the centre of Sikkim’s tourism industry.
Gangtok rose to prominence as a popular Buddhist pilgrimage site after the construction of the Enchey Monastery in 1840. In 1894, the ruling Sikkimese Chogyal, Thutob Namgyal, transferred the capital to Gangtok. In the early 20th century, Gangtok became a major stopover on the trade route between Lhasa in Tibet and cities such as Kolkata (then Calcutta) in British India. After India won its independence from Britain in 1947, Sikkim chose to remain an independent monarchy, with Gangtok as its capital. In 1975, after the integration with the union of India, Gangtok was made India's twenty-second state capital.
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Girinagar
Girinagar (formerly known as Writer's Colony) is a residential area in South West Bangalore, very close to Mysore Road. This medium sized locality is surrounded by Nayandahalli in the west, Byatarayanapura and Deepanjali Nagar in the north, Srinagar and Banashankari in the east and Hosakerehalli in the south.
Girinagar was named after the former President of India V.V. Giri. The reason why it was named Girinagar is because of the Hirannaya Gudda (Hill). Giri in sanskrit means hill.
Girinagar is at a lower altitude (865 m) compared to the rest of Bangalore, which has an average elevation of 900 m. Also this area is very hilly, with steep roads, being on the slope of the plateau. To the west of Girinagar is a hill, known as Hirannaya Gudda in Kannada. This area lies in the Vrishabhavathi Valley region of Bangalore.
Basically Girinagar is divided into 4 phases, with the 2nd phase being the largest. It also subsumes areas such as T Block, Muneshwara Block, Nagendra Block, Avalahalli, Ganapathi Nagar and Chamundi Nagar.
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Greater Buenos Aires
Greater Buenos Aires (Gran Buenos Aires, GBA, in Spanish) is the generic denomination to refer to the urban agglomeration comprising the autonomous city of Buenos Aires and the conurbation around it, over the province of Buenos Aires—namely the adjacent 24 partidos or municipalities—which nonetheless do not constitute a single administrative unit. The conurbation spreads to the south, west and north of Buenos Aires; to the east the River Plate serves as a natural boundary.
Urban sprawl, especially between 1945 and 1980, created a vast conurbation of 9,910,282 inhabitants in the 24 conurbated partidos, as of 2010, and a total of 12,801,365 including the City of Buenos Aires, a third of the total population of Argentina.
The term "Greater Buenos Aires" is related with other expressions not necessarily well-defined: the "Buenos Aires' conurbation" (Conurbano Bonaerense), the "Greater Buenos Aires Agglomeration" (Aglomerado Gran Buenos Aires), and the "Metropolitan Area of Buenos Aires" (Área Metropolitana Buenos Aires, AMBA).
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Guangzhou
Guangzhou (Chinese: 广州; Mandarin pronunciation: [kwɑ̀ŋʈʂóʊ̯]), known historically as Canton or Kwangchow, is the capital and largest city of the Guangdong province in the People's Republic of China. Located in southern China on the Pearl River, about 120 km (75 mi) north-northwest of Hong Kong, Guangzhou is a key national transportation hub and trading port. One of the five National Central Cities, it holds sub-provincial administrative status.
Guangzhou is the third largest city in China and southern China's largest city. As of the 2010 census, the city had a population of 12.78 million. Some estimates place the population of the entire Pearl River Delta Mega City built up area as high as 40 million including Shenzhen (10.36 million), Dongguan (8.22 million) and most parts of Foshan (7.19 million), Jiangmen (4.45 million), Zhongshan (3.12 million) and a small part of Huizhou adjoining Dongguan and Shenzhen, with an area of about 20,000 square kilometres (7,700 sq mi) (about the size of US state of New Jersey). In 2008 Guangzhou was identified as a Beta World City by the global city index produced by GaWC.
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Gwalior
Gwalior (Hindi/Marathi: ग्वालियर pronunciation (help·info)) ग्वाल्हेर is a city in Madhya Pradesh, India, lying 122 kilometres (76 mi) south of Agra, and 423 kilometres (263 mi) north of Bhopal, the state capital. Gwalior occupies a strategic location in the Gird region of India, and the city and its fortress have served as the center of several of historic northern Indian kingdoms. Gwalior is the administrative headquarters of Gwalior district and Gwalior division.
It is famous for Gwalior Fort, which has changed hands many times. From the Tomaras in the 8th century it passed on to the Mughals, then the Marathas under the Scindias (1754), followed briefly by Lakshmi Bai of Jhansi, Tatiya Tope and the British.
The city has several important educational institutions including the Atal Bihari Vajpayee - Indian Institute of Information Technology and Management, Indian Institute of Tourism and Travel Management, Scindia School, Madhav Institute of Technology and Science, Laxmibai National Institute of Physical Education. Gwalior has five government universities: Jiwaji University, Maharaja Maan Singh Tomar music and arts university, Rajmata Vijyarahe Scindia agriculture university, Laxmibai National University of Physical Education and ABV-IIITM are government universities. Few Private institutions are also well known in this region like Aditya College, ITM University, Amity University etc.
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Halasuru
Halasuru (Kannada: ಹಲಸುರು pronounced [ˈhələsuːru]), formerly known as Ulsoor, is one of the oldest neighbourhoods in the city of Bangalore. It is located in east Bangalore, and begins roughly near the eastern terminus of MG Road. It is renowned for its numerous temples and rather narrow streets.
The village of Halasuru is said to have been gifted to Kempe Gowda I (1513–1569), the founder of Bangalore, by the Vijayanagar emperors. The Ulsoor Lake was built by his successor, Kempe Gowda II, and is the only surviving tank built by the Gowda kings in Bangalore. The first British military station was set up in Halasuru in 1807.
There used to be a jackfruit orchard near the Ulsoor Lake, and the Kannada name for jackfruit being ‘Halasina Hannu’ (Kannada: ಹಲಸಿನ ಹಣ್ಣು), the area came to be known as Halasuru. During the British rule, the name was anglicised to 'Ulsoor', but in 2004, the neighbourhood was officially renamed 'Halasuru'.
There are several old temples in Halasuru, which are scattered throughout the area. The oldest temple is the Halasuru Someshwara Temple, was built by Kempe Gowda I in the 16th century and is a mixture of Hoysala, Chola and Vijayanagara architecture.
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Halmidi
Halmidi (Kannada: ಹಲ್ಮಿಡಿ) is a small village in the Hassan district of Karnataka state, India, near the temple town of Belur. Halmidi is best known as the place where the oldest known inscription exclusively in Kannada language, the so called Halmidi inscription, was discovered. Earlier also many inscriptions having Kannada words have been found for example Brahmagiri edict of 230BCE by Ashoka. But this is the first full scale inscription in Kannada. Kannada is used in the inscriptions from earliest times and the Halmidi inscription is considered to be the earliest epigraph written in Kannada language This inscription is generally known as the Halmidi inscription and consists of sixteen lines carved on a sandstone pillar. It has been dated to 450 AD and demonstrates that Kannada was used as a language of administration at that time.. The inscription is in primitive Kannada with distinctive characteristics attributed to those of Proto-Kannada and uses Kannada script similar to Brahmi characters
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Hampi
Hampi (Kannada: ಹಂಪೆ Hampe) is a village in northern Karnataka state, India. It is located within the ruins of Vijayanagara, the former capital of the Vijayanagara Empire. Predating the city of Vijayanagara, it continues to be an important religious centre, housing the Virupaksha Temple, as well as several other monuments belonging to the old city. The ruins are a UNESCO World Heritage Site, listed as the Group of Monuments at Hampi.
The name is derived from Pampa, which is the old name of the Tungabhadra River on whose banks the city is built. The name "Hampi" is an anglicized version of the Kannada Hampe (derived from Pampa). Over the years, it has also been referred to as Vijayanagara and Virupakshapura (from Virupaksha, the patron deity of the Vijayanagara rulers).
Hampi is identified with the historical Kishkindha, the Vanara (monkey) kingdom mentioned in the Ramayana. The first historical settlements in Hampi date back to 1 CE.
Hampi formed one of the core areas of the capital of the Vijayanagara Empire from 1336 to 1565, when it was finally laid siege to by the Deccan Muslim confederacy. Hampi was chosen because of its strategic location, bounded by the torrential Tungabhadra river on one side and surrounded by defensible hills on the other three sides.
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Hebbal
Hebbal (Kannada: ಹೆಬ್ಬಾಳ್) is an area of Bengaluru, India, which was once indicative of the north endpoint of the city. Though originally famous for Hebbal Lake, it is now better known for the serpentine maze of flyovers that network the Outer Ring Road and Bellary Road. The flyover spans a length of 5.23 kilometres (3.2 mi) over all the loops combined. The flyover was built by Gammon India. The lake area is well known for the park, the boating facility, and for the bird watching opportunities.
Hebbal used to be the end of the corporation limits of Bengaluru City. One can still see the milestone between the Baptist hospital and checkpost. Bangalore has now grown quite a bit towards north, beyond these marks. The commencement of the Bengaluru International Airport (BIAL) at Devanahalli in 2008 has ensured that Hebbal has become a very important location for the passengers flying out of Bangalore. All arterial roads and road networks leading to the BIAL intersect at Hebbal. Further, BIAL has its office on the National Highway (NH 7) exit of the Hebbal flyover in Gayathri Lake Front.
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Ho Chi Minh City
Ho Chi Minh City (Thành phố Hồ Chí Minh; listen), formerly named Saigon (Sài Gòn; listen) is the largest city in Vietnam. It was once known as Prey Nokor, an important Khmer sea port prior to annexation by the Vietnamese in the 17th century.
Under the name Saigon, it was the capital of the French colony of Cochin-china and later of the independent state of South Vietnam from 1955–75. South Vietnam, as an anti-communist state, fought against the communist North Vietnamese and Viet Cong during the Vietnam War, with aid from the United States of America and countries including Australia, New Zealand and South Korea. Saigon fell when it was captured by the communists on 30 April 1975, bringing an end to the War with its enemy's victory. Vietnam was then turned into a communist state with the South overtaken. On 2 July 1976, Saigon merged with the surrounding Gia Định Province and was officially renamed Ho Chi Minh City after Hồ Chí Minh (although the name Sài Gòn is still commonly used.)
The city center is situated on the banks of the Saigon River, 60 kilometers (37 mi) from the South China Sea and 1,760 kilometers (1,090 mi) south of Hanoi, the capital of Vietnam.
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Hong Kong
Coordinates: 22°16′42″N 114°09′32″E / 22.27833°N 114.15889°E / 22.27833; 114.15889
Hong Kong (Chinese: 香港) is one of two special administrative regions (SARs) of the People's Republic of China (PRC), the other being Macau. A city-state situated on China's south coast and enclosed by the Pearl River Delta and South China Sea, it is known for its expansive skyline and deep natural harbour. With a land mass of 1,104 km2 (426 sq mi) and a population of seven million people, Hong Kong is one of the most densely populated areas in the world. Hong Kong's population is 95 percent ethnic Chinese and 5 percent from other groups. Hong Kong's Han Chinese majority originate mainly from the cities of Guangzhou and Taishan in the neighbouring Guangdong province.
Hong Kong became a colony of the British Empire after the First Opium War (1839–42). Originally confined to Hong Kong Island, the colony's boundaries were extended in stages to the Kowloon Peninsula in 1860 and then the New Territories in 1898. It was occupied by Japan during the Pacific War, after which the British resumed control until 1997, when China resumed sovereignty. The region espoused minimum government intervention under the ethos of positive non-interventionism during the colonial era. The time period greatly influenced the current culture of Hong Kong, often described as "East meets West", and the educational system, which used to loosely follow the system in England until reforms implemented in 2009.
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HOSMAT
HOSMAT, the Hospital for Orthopaedics, Sports Medicine, Arthritis & Trauma, is a 150-bed speciality hospital in central Bangalore, India. It also includes Hosmat Joint Replacement Center and Hosmat Neurosciences. It is currently undergoing expansion to 500 beds, which would make it the largest speciality hospital of its kind in Asia.
Initially known as the 'accident hospital', later it was in the news as a centre for knee transplantation procedures. Now in its second decade, it was expanded in 2005 after the acquisition of old ITI corporate office next door. Now it is India's largest orthopedic and neuro center.
Procedures carried out at the hospital include:
In addition, the Neurosurgery and Neurology Department provides microsurgery, skull base, spine, trauma work, nerve injuries, surgery for brain and spinal cord tumours, slipped discs, paraplegia, hemiplegia, quadraplegia, migraine, muscular disorder, Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's dementia, multiple sclerosis, vegetablur problems, and Guillain-Barré syndrome (GB syndrome).
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HSR Layout
Hosur Sarjapur Road Layout popularly known as HSR Layout is a relatively new suburb located to the south-east of Bangalore, India. The layout, which is built on land reclaimed from the Agara lake, is located between Hosur Road and Sarjapur Road.
Ever since the growth of the real estate market in Bangalore, this area has witnessed a dramatic rise in the residential housing, partly owing to its proximity to the commercial areas of the city. This has led the land prices to skyrocket in recent years. In its early stages, this area was neglected by the civic authorities. Now it has facilities such as a police station, post office (Pin Code: 560102 Earlier: 560034), Water Board office, electricity office, and numerous banks.
Like many residential areas in Bangalore, HSR Layout is divided into Sectors (Sectors 1 through 7), which are criss-crossed by main roads and cross roads. Main roads run north-south and Cross roads run east-west. Some part of the neighboring villages such as Agara, Parangipalya, Venkatapura, Mangammanapalya and Hosapalya are also part of HSR Layout. Designed based on modern town planning principles, the layout has a centralized BDA Complex, which houses the city administrative offices. It also has a number of small parks in various parts of the layout.
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Hulimavu
Hulimavu is a locality in the south of Bangalore under the Bommanahalli municipal corporation.
Hulimavu was previously known as Amarapura, which came under the administration of Saarakeya (present day Sarakki). Apparently Amarapura was derived from the word Amra or Amru which translates to Mango or Sourness. Over years the name has evolved to its present name Hulimavu which in Kannada literally means "sour mango". The then ruler of Saarakeya (17th century) is believed to have built the Kodandarama Swamy Temple in Hulimavu for the well being of its citizens. Around 1850 AD the temple was renovated with the installation of idols of Seeta, Lakshmana and Anjenaya Swamy. Sri Kodandarama Swamy Bramhostava is celebrated every year. The temple was renovated again in 2002[citation needed].
BGS National Public School, affiliated to CBSE has made a name within a short span and is a much sought after school today. This is situated by the side of famous Cave Temple of Hulimavu. It is a joint venture by NPS and BGS - Adichunchanagiri Shikshana Trust. The school has classes from pre-primary to X. Gradually classes XI and XII will be added to make it a Higher Secondary School.
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Imphal
Imphal (/ˈɪmpəl/, Imphal.ogg (help·info)) is the capital of the Indian state of Manipur.
In the heart of the town and surrounded by a moat, are ruins of the old Palace of Kangla. Kangla Fort used to be the home of the Assam Rifles, a paramilitary force and on November 2004 it was handed over to state of Manipur by Prime minister Dr. Manmohan Singh. Another place of historical interest is the Polo Ground which is the oldest existing polo ground in the world.[citation needed] Near the Polo Ground is the Manipur State Museum, which has a collection of old artifacts and pictures depicting the history of Manipur. 'Ima Keithel' at Khwairamband Bazar is the only market in the world where, as the name suggests(Ima-Mother,Keithel-Market), all the stalls are run by women.[citation needed]
In 1944 during World War II the Battle of Imphal, along with the simultaneous Battle of Kohima, was the turning point in the Burma Campaign. For the first time in the South-East Asian Theatre of World War II the Japanese lost the initiative to the Allies, who retained it until the end of the war.[citation needed]
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Incheon
Coordinates: 37°29′N 126°38′E / 37.483°N 126.633°E / 37.483; 126.633
The Incheon Metropolitan City (인천, 仁川, literally 'wise river' - formerly Inchon; named Jinsen during the time of Japanese rule) is located in northwestern South Korea. The city was home to just 4,700 people when Jemulpo port was built in 1883. Today 2.76 million people live in the city, making it Korea’s third most populous city after Seoul and Busan Metropolitan City. While people have inhabited the area from the New Stone Age, the city’s growth was assured in modern times with the development of its port due to its natural advantages as a coastal city.
Incheon has since led the economic development of Korea by opening its port to the outside world, issuing in the modernization of Korea as a center of industrialization. In 2003, the city was designated as Korea’s first free economic zone. Since then, large local companies and global enterprises have increasingly invested in Incheon Free Economic Zone, including Samsung which chose Songdo International City as its new investment destination for its bio industry.
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India
India (i/ˈɪndiə/), officially the Republic of India (Bhārat Gaṇarājya), is a country in South Asia. It is the seventh-largest country by geographical area, the second-most populous country with over 1.2 billion people, and the most populous democracy in the world. Bounded by the Indian Ocean on the south, the Arabian Sea on the south-west, and the Bay of Bengal on the south-east, it shares land borders with Pakistan to the west;China, Nepal, and Bhutan to the north-east; and Burma and Bangladesh to the east. In the Indian Ocean, India is in the vicinity of Sri Lanka and the Maldives; in addition, India's Andaman and Nicobar Islands share a maritime border with Thailand and Indonesia.
Home to the ancient Indus Valley Civilisation and a region of historic trade routes and vast empires, the Indian subcontinent was identified with its commercial and cultural wealth for much of its long history. Four of the world's major religions—Hinduism, Buddhism, Jainism, and Sikhism—originated here, whereas Zoroastrianism, Christianity, and Islam arrived in the 1st millennium CE and also helped shape the region's diverse culture. Gradually annexed by and brought under the administration of the British East India Company from the early 18th century and administered directly by the United Kingdom from the mid-19th century, India became an independent nation in 1947 after a struggle for independence that was marked by non-violent resistance led by Mahatma Gandhi.
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Indiranagar
Indiranagar is a suburb of Bangalore. The blue collar population of the city resides alongside the State's politicians, sports persons, celebrities and according to many surveys, Indiranagar is the costliest place to live in Bangalore. It is a very high value area, with steep real estate prices and relatively new, booming commercial roads such as 100 feet road and CMH Road. It is located to the East of Bangalore. It is located about 4 km east of M G Road.
The small but affluent "Defence Colony" with its large bungalows, and neat tree-lined lanes is located along this stretch. Indiranagar is now slowly transforming into an important commercial hub, with a lot of small and medium sized companies setting shop here. Quite a few of the old houses have given way to apartment buildings and shops, particularly on the eastern stretch of CMH Road between 80 Feet Road and 100 Feet Road.
The areas around CMH Road and 100 feet road are considered commercially high value with respect to real estate. Unfortunately, this has translated into several old bungalows vanishing, making way for multi-storey apartments and/or commercial shopping complexes that often violate BBMP (local corporation) building laws. The benefits are, notably, increased land value which had helped retain some of the older (read:genteel) inhabitants who rub shoulders with the nouveau-riche and the non-civic minded.
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Indore
Indore /ɪnˈdɔər/ ( Hindi (help·info)) is the largest city and the headquarters of Indore District in the state of Madhya Pradesh. Indore is located 190 km west of the state capital of Bhopal. According to the 2011 Indian census, Indore city has a population of 1,960,631 and is fourteenth most populous city in India, with a total metropolitan area population of approximately 2.3 million. It is the 147th largest city in the world. Indore is the richest city in central India and also known as "Mini Mumbai" due to it's lifestyle similarities with Mumbai. It also reflects Mumbai's potpourri of cultures, with significant Marathi, Gujarati, Marwari and Sindhi populations.
Indore is the only city of India with both an Indian Institute of Management (IIM) and an Indian Institute of Technology (IIT).
During the days of the Maratha Empire Indore was an important hub between the Deccan and Delhi. However after the death of Madhavrao Peshwa, the Maratha Empire disintegrated and Indore was declared the capital of the Holkar state, until Rani Ahilyabai Holkar moved the capital to Maheshwar.
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Intel
Coordinates: 37°23′16.54″N 121°57′48.74″W / 37.3879278°N 121.9635389°W / 37.3879278; -121.9635389
Intel Corporation (NASDAQ: INTC) is an American multinational semiconductor chip maker corporation headquartered in Santa Clara, California, United States and the world's largest and highest valued semiconductor chip maker, based on revenue. It is the inventor of the x86 series of microprocessors, the processors found in most personal computers. Intel Corporation, founded on July 18, 1968, is a portmanteau of Integrated Electronics (though a common misconception is that "Intel" is from the word intelligence[citation needed]). Intel also makes motherboard chipsets, network interface controllers and integrated circuits, flash memory, graphic chips, embedded processors and other devices related to communications and computing. Founded by semiconductor pioneers Robert Noyce and Gordon Moore and widely associated with the executive leadership and vision of Andrew Grove, Intel combines advanced chip design capability with a leading-edge manufacturing capability. Though Intel was originally known primarily to engineers and technologists, its "Intel Inside" advertising campaign of the 1990s made it and its Pentium processor household names.
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Intuit
Intuit Inc. is an American software company that develops financial and tax preparation software and related services for small businesses, accountants and individuals. It is incorporated in Delaware and headquartered in Mountain View, California.
The company was founded in 1983 by Scott Cook and Tom Proulx in Palo Alto, California.
Intuit makes the personal finance programs Quicken and TurboTax (and its Canadian counterpart, QuickTax), as well as the small business accounting program QuickBooks. In addition, they produce QuickBooks Point of Sale solution for small retailers, professional tax solutions ProSeries and Lacerte, and the Web-based corporate workgroup productivity solution QuickBase.
The company maintains a number of foreign sales offices. It has R&D activity in Intuit Canada headquartered in Mississauga, Ontario and Intuit India headquartered in Bangalore, India. International product versions are now predominantly produced by third-party localizers or licensees.
Intuit was conceived by Scott Cook, whose prior work at Procter & Gamble helped him realize that personal computers would lend themselves as replacements for paper-and-pencil based personal accounting. On his quest to find a programmer he ended up running into Tom Proulx at Stanford. The two started Intuit, which initially operated out of a modest room on University Avenue in Palo Alto. The first version of Quicken was coded in Microsoft's BASIC programming language for the IBM PC and UCSD Pascal for the Apple II by Tom Proulx and had to contend with a dozen serious competitors. Intuit struggled financially until they found their formula for success, which revolved around direct marketing campaigns, favorable reviews in industry and consumer magazines and word of mouth from satisfied customers[citation needed].
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Istanbul
Istanbul (Turkish: İstanbul) is the largest city in Turkey, forming the country's economic, cultural, and historical heart. With a population of 13.4 million, the city is at the center of the second-largest urban area in Europe after Moscow, and among the world's largest cities by population within city limits. Istanbul's vast area of 5,343 square kilometers (2,063 sq mi) is coterminous with Istanbul Province, of which the city is considered capital. Straddling the Bosphorus—one of the world's busiest waterways—in northwestern Turkey, between the Sea of Marmara and the Black Sea, Istanbul is a transcontinental city, with one third of its population living in Asia but its commercial and historical center in Europe.
Founded around 660 BC as Byzantium on the Seraglio Point, the city now known as Istanbul developed to become one of the most significant cities in history. For nearly sixteen centuries following its reestablishment as Constantinople in 330 AD, it served as the capital of four empires — the late classical Roman Empire (330–395), the Eastern Roman ("Byzantine") Empire (395–1204 and 1261–1453), the Latin Empire (1204–1261), and the Ottoman Empire (1453–1922). It was instrumental in the advancement of Christianity during Roman and Byzantine times, before the Ottomans conquered the city in 1453 and transformed it into an Islamic stronghold from which the last caliphate ruled. Although the Republic of Turkey established its capital elsewhere, in Ankara, remnants of Istanbul's previous central role still remain highly visible across the city, with palaces and imperial mosques lining its hills.
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Itanagar
Itanagar /ˌiːtəˈnɑːɡər/ (Hindi: ईटानगर pronunciation (help·info)) is the capital of the Indian state of Arunachal Pradesh. Itanagar is situated at the foothills of Himalayas. It comes administratively under Papum Pare district.
As a capital city, Itanagar is well connected with the rest of the country by road and air communications. There is a helicopter service between Guwahati and Naharlagun (Itanagar). Buses are available from Guwahati. The nearest railway station is Harmoti in Assam.
Interesting places around are historical fort called Ita-fort which dates back to the 15th century (after which the city is named), legendary Ganga Lake or Gyakar Sinyi and the new Buddhist temple known as Buddha Vihar consecrated by the Dalai Lama. As of today, Itanagar has two churches.
Important economic activities include farming and agriculture.
Arunachal Pradesh has an engineering, applied science and management institute named NERIST(North Eastern Regional Institute of Science And Technology) whose foundation stone was laid by then president of India, the late Giani Zail Singh. It is now a deemed university under the Ministry of Human Resource Development (MHRD).
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Jabalpur
Jabalpur (Hindi: जबलपुर) often called as Sanskaardhaani is one of the major cities of India situated in the Mahakaushal region of state of Madhya Pradesh in India. It is the biggest city in the state of Madhya Pradesh by area. It is the largest urban agglomeration in Madhya Pradesh and the 38th largest urban agglomeration in India as per the 2011 census statistics.
It is bordered by Katni to the north, Umaria to the north-east, Dindori to the east, Mandla to the south-east, Seoni to the south, Narsimhapur to the south-west and Damoh to the north-west. Jabalpur is the administrative headquarters of Jabalpur district (the second most populous district of Madhya Pradesh) and Jabalpur division.
Geographically an important place, the ruling Gond dynasty of Jabalpur lent its name to the primordial continental mass Gondwana. Historically, a center of Kalchuri and Gond dynasties, Jabalpur developed a syncretic culture influenced by the intermittent reigns of the Maratha and Mughal empires. In the early nineteenth century, it was gradually annexed in British India as Jubbulpore and incorporated as a major cantonment town. Post-independence, there have been demands for a separate state of Mahakoshal with Jabalpur as its capital.
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Jaipur
Jaipur /ˈdʒaɪpʊər/ (Rajasthani: जैपर , Hindi: जयपुर Urdu: جئے پور [ˈdʒəjpʊɾ] ( listen)), also popularly known as the 'Pink City', is the capital and largest city of the Indian state of Rajasthan. Founded on 18 November 1727 by Maharaja Sawai Jai Singh II, the ruler of Amber, the city today has a population of 3.1 million.
Jaipur is one of the finest planned cities of India, located in the semi-desert lands of Rajasthan. The city which once had been the capital of the royalty now is the capital city of Rajasthan. The very structure of Jaipur resembles the taste of the Rajputs and the Royal families. At present, Jaipur is a major business centre with all requisites of a metropolitan city.
Some of the famous areas in Jaipur include Mansarovar, the largest housing colony in Asia, Sanganer, famous for handmade paper industry and Sanganeri hand block-printing, Bapu Nagar, Malviya Nagar and Vaishali Nagar.
The city is remarkable among pre-modern Indian cities for the width and regularity of its streets which are laid out into six sectors separated by broad streets 34 m (111 ft) wide. The urban quarters are further divided by networks of gridded streets. Five quarters wrap around the east, south, and west sides of a central palace quarter, with a sixth quarter immediately to the east. The Palace quarter encloses a sprawling palace complex, (Hawa Mahal), formal gardens, and a small lake. Nahargarh Fort, which was the residence of the King Sawai Jai Singh II, crowns the hill in the northwest corner of the old city. The observatory, Jantar Mantar, is one of the World Heritage Sites. Included on the Golden Triangle tourist circuit, along with Delhi and Agra, Jaipur is an extremely popular tourist destination in Rajasthan and India.
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Jakarta
Jakarta ( /dʒəˈkɑrtə/), officially known as the Special Capital Territory of Jakarta (Indonesian: Daerah Khusus Ibu Kota Jakarta), is the capital and largest city of Indonesia. Located on the northwest coast of Java, Jakarta is the country's economic, cultural and political centre, and with a population of 10,187,595 as of November 2011, it is the most populous city in Indonesia and in Southeast Asia, and is the twelfth-largest city in the world. The official metropolitan area, known as Jabodetabekjur, is the second largest in the world, yet the city's suburbs still continue beyond it. Jakarta is listed as a global city in the 2008 Globalization and World Cities Study Group and Network (GaWC) research. and has an area of 661 square kilometres (255 sq mi)
Based on Brooking Institute survey about growth, in 2011 Jakarta ranked 17th among the world's 200 largest cities, a significant jumps from 2007 when Jakarta ranked 171st. Jakarta has seen more rapid growth than Kuala Lumpur, Beijing and Bangkok.
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Jalahalli
Jalahalli, situated in the northern part of Bangalore is a beautiful locality and it remains as one of the greenest areas of Bangalore. It is mainly divided into Jalahalli East and West. Gangamma circle is the junction between the roads connecting Jalahalli East, Jalahalli West, Jalahalli Village and Jalahalli Cross.
Jalahalli East boasts of wide expanse of Jakarbandi State Forest. It has major industrial areas like Bharat Electronics Limited (BEL), Hindustan Machine Tools (HMT), CMTI and other PSUs. This area also houses various private industries, including Bharat Fritz Werner Ltd (BFW), the packaging unit of Tata Tea Ltd, and other small-scale industries.The Jalahalli East Airforce station is located between Gangamma circle and MS Palya. MS Palya is also connected to Vidyaranyapura.
Jalahalli West is endowed with green belt of coconut grove and eucalyptus plantations. It includes the Air Force Training Centre, Ayyappan Temple and surrounding areas like Shettihalli, etc. This place is connected to the NH4 (Tumkur highway) at Jalahalli Cross, and Jalahalli East at Gangamma circle.
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Jamshedpur
Jamshedpur /ˈdʒɑːmʃɛdpʊər/ (Hindi: जमशेदपुर, Bengali: জামশেদপুর, pronunciation (help·info)) is the largest urban conglomeration and most populous city in the state of Jharkhand, India . Jamshedpur is the first planned industrial city of India, founded by the late Jamshedji Nusserwanji Tata. It is also known as Steel City, TataNagar or simply Tata.
Jamshedpur is the headquarters of the East Singhbhum district of Jharkhand. It has a population of 2,337,131 (according to the 2011 census) and is the third Largest city in Eastern India after Kolkata and Patna. It ranks 36th among the 53 million-plus cities in India. It is located on the Chota Nagpur plateau and is surrounded by the picturesque Dalma Hills. The city is bordered by the rivers Subarnarekha and Kharkai on the north and west parts of the city.
Jamshedpur is a major industrial centre of East India. It houses companies like Tata Steel, Tata Motors, Tata Power, Lafarge Cement, Telcon, BOC Gases, Tata Technologies Limited, Praxair, TCE, TCS, Tinplate and many more. It is home to one of the largest industrial zones of India known as Adityapur which houses more than 1,200 small and medium scale industries.
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Jodhpur
Jodhpur /ˈdʒɒdpʊər/ (Rajasthani: जोधाणा Jodhpur.ogg (help·info); Hindi: जोधपुर) is the second largest city in the Indian state of Rajasthan. It is located 335 kilometres (208 mi) west from the state capital, Jaipur and 200 kilometres (124 mi) from the city of Ajmer. It was formerly the seat of a princely state of the same name, the capital of the kingdom known as Marwar. Jodhpur is a popular tourist destination, featuring many palaces, forts and temples, set in the stark landscape of the Thar desert.
The city is known as the "Sun City" for the bright, sunny weather it enjoys all year. It is also referred to as the "Blue City" due to the blue-painted houses around the Mehrangarh Fort. The old city circles the fort and is bounded by a wall with several gates. However, the city has expanded greatly outside the wall over the past several decades. Jodhpur lies near the geographic centre of Rajasthan state, which makes it a convenient base for travel in a region much frequented by tourists.
According to Rajasthan district Gazetteers of Jodhpur and the Hindu epic Ramayana (composed up to 4th century AD), Abhiras were the original inhabitants of Jodhpur and later Aryans spread to this region.
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Johannesburg
Johannesburg (/dʒoʊˈhænɪsbɜrɡ/; Afrikaans: [joˈhɑnəsbʏrx]) also known as Jozi, Jo'burg or eGoli, is the largest city in South Africa, by population. Johannesburg is the provincial capital of Gauteng, the wealthiest province in South Africa, having the largest economy of any metropolitan region in Sub-Saharan Africa. The city is one of the 50 largest metropolitan areas in the world, and is also the world's largest city not situated on a river, lake, or coastline. It claims to be the lightning capital of the world, though this title is also claimed by others.
While Johannesburg is not one of South Africa's three capital cities, it is the seat of the Constitutional Court, which has the final word on interpretation of South Africa's new post-Apartheid constitution. The city is the source of a large-scale gold and diamond trade, due to its location on the mineral-rich Witwatersrand range of hills. Johannesburg is served by O.R. Tambo International Airport, the largest and busiest airport in Africa and a gateway for international air travel to and from the rest of Southern Africa. More recently Lanseria International Airport has started international flights, and is situated conveniently on the opposite side of the metropolis.
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Juniper Networks
Coordinates: 37°24′34″N 122°01′37″W / 37.409556°N 122.027°W / 37.409556; -122.027 Juniper Networks is an American manufacturer of networking equipment founded in 1996. It is headquartered in Sunnyvale, California, USA. The company designs and sells high-performance Internet Protocol network products and services. Juniper's main products include T-series, M-series, E-series, MX-series, and J-series families of routers, EX-series Ethernet switches and SRX-series security products. Junos, Juniper's own network operating system, runs on most Juniper products.
In 1995 Pradeep Sindhu, a principal scientist at Xerox's Palo Alto Research Center, returned from vacation with the idea to start a company to supply high-performance routers to support the quickly emerging Internet. Sindhu started the company in February 1996 with $200,000 in seed money from powerful venture capital firm Kleiner Perkins Caufield & Byers. He hired two other engineers, Bjorn Liencres from Sun Microsystems and Dennis Ferguson from MCI. For business expertise, Sindhu recruited Scott Kriens, co-founder of StrataCom.
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Kaggadasapura
Coordinates: 12°58′45.7″N 77°40′25.4″E / 12.979361°N 77.673722°E / 12.979361; 77.673722 Kaggadasapura is a relatively new suburb located near DRDO township in CV Raman Nagar, Bangalore, India.
Kaggadasapura is one of the fastest developed sub-urban areas in Bangalore, and home to more than 500 apartment complexes. It is located at the coordinates: 12°59'0"N, 77°40'32"E. It is about 4 km from Indiranagar and old (HAL) Airport Road in Bangalore, and . Defence Avionics Research Establishment (DARE), Center for Artificial Intelligence Research (CAIR) and DRDO Phase II are located at Kaggadasapura. DRDO Phase II has several residential complexes for the DRDO employees. The earlier residents are the Kannada speaking people from the old village of Kaggadasapura, and the rest are from various states, primarily employed in the neighbouring IT parks (Bagmane Tech Park, Embassy Golf Links Business Park, ITPB etc.) and a few in the government defence laboratories, such as, DRDO, BEML, DARE, CAIR, ADE, ADA, GTRE, LRDE, etc. Kaggadasapura Residents Welfare Association has been formed recently.
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Kanara
The Kanara or Canara region (Tulu/Konkani: Karavali ಕರಾವಳಿ (Konkani: करावली which is also Known as Coastal Karnataka comprises three coastal districts of Karnataka, namely Dakshina Kannada, Udupi and Uttara Kannada and Kasaragod district of Kerala in southwestern India. Kanara forms the southern part of the Konkan coast. The length of this region from north to south is around 300 km and width varies from 30 km to 110 km. The region is characterised by swaying palms and swift brooks running towards the Arabian Sea.
According to legend Parashurama, the avatar of Vishnu, retrieved this place from the sea by throwing his axe into the sea. The sea fell back to the place where his axe fell. Hence this place is also called Parshurama Kshetra.
According to Historian Severino da Silva in his book History of Christianity in Canara vol. I, he mentioned that ancient names for this region are Kol Kannam (Tamil: no man's land) or Parashuram Srashti (creation of Parashuram). According to Mr. Severine Silva, a former advocate at Karwar and Stephen Fuchs author of the work The Marriage Customs of the Christians in South Canara, India The name Canara is the invention of European traders (Portuguese, Dutch and English) who for the purpose of trade came to this tract from the early 16th century onwards. The Bednore Dynasty, under whose rule this tract was at that time, was known to them as the Kannada Dynasty, i.e., the dynasty speaking the Kannada language. The letter 'd' being always pronounced like 'r' by the Europeans, the district was named by them Kanara (or Kannada). This name was retained by the British after their occupation of the district in 1799, and ever since this name has remained. However according to them the controversy over the meaning of the place-name 'Canara' does not end with this explanation. It is a complicated question which cannot be discussed here.
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Kannur
Kannur pronunciation (help·info) (Malayalam: കണ്ണൂര്, Kaṇṇūr ?), also known as Cannanore, is a city in Kannur district in the Indian state of Kerala. It is the administrative headquarters of the District of Kannur and 518 km north of state capital Trivandrum. During British rule in India, Kannur was known by its old name Cannanore(Land of lord Krishna[citation needed]), which is still in fairly common usage. Kannur is the 6th largest city in Kerala, after Thiruvananthapuram, Ernakulam, Kozhikode, Thrissur and Kollam. It is the largest city of North Malabar region. Kannur Municipality was established in 1867 and is one of the oldest municipalities in Kerala.
Kannur is one of the Million Plus urban agglomerations in India with a population of 1,642,892 in 2011. Kannur is known as the Land of Looms and Lores, because of the loom industries functioning in the district and ritualistic folk arts held in temples. Kannur is famous for its pristine beaches; Theyyam, its native performing art, and its handloom industry.
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Kanpur
Kanpur /ˈkɑːnpʊər/ (Hindi: कानपुर, Urdu: کان پور pronunciation (help·info)), spelled Cawnpore before 1948, is the Industrial Capital of Uttar Pradesh and is the administrative headquarters of Kanpur Nagar district, Kanpur Dehat district and Kanpur division. It is the eleventh-most populous city in India and the major industrial hub with in the state of Uttar Pradesh.
It is one of the oldest industrial townships of North India. It has a metropolitan area of over 1,640 square kilometres (630 sq mi) and a city area of around 829 km2 with an approximate population of 3 million inhabitants in its area. It is administratively divided into 6 zones and 110 wards with an average ward population range of 19000 to 26000.
City Development Plan for Kanpur city is both a perspective and vision for the future development. Kanpur City Development Plan (CDP) is the culmination of a study which was commenced about three months ago[when?] by JPS Associates. This report is based on invaluable inputs the consultants received from the various stakeholders and the officers associated with the development of the city. This CDP, therefore, truly reflects the vision of the citizens, the poor and the slum dwellers and the officers who are determined to make Kanpur a futuristic city in the next few years.
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Karachi
Karachi ( Karācī (help·info), Urdu: کراچی; Sindhi: ڪراچي) is the largest city, main seaport and financial centre of Pakistan, as well as the capital of the province of Sindh. The city has an estimated population of 13 to 15 million, while the total metropolitan area has a population of over 13 million. Results in April 2012 of Pakistan's latest census initial tabulations show that the district is home to over 21 million people, at a density of nearly 6,000 people per square kilometer (15,500 per square mile). Karachi is the most populous city in the country, one of the world's largest cities in terms of population and also the 10th largest urban agglomeration in the world. It is Pakistan's premier centre of banking, industry, economic activity and trade and is home to Pakistan's largest corporations, including those involved in textiles, shipping, automotive industry, entertainment, the arts, fashion, advertising, publishing, software development and medical research. The city is a major hub of higher education in South Asia and the wider Muslim world.
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Karnataka
Karnataka /kɑrˈnɑːtəkə/ is a state in South West India. It was created on 1 November 1956, with the passing of the States Reorganisation Act and this day is annually celebrated as Karnataka Rajyotsava (Formation Day). Originally known as the State of Mysore /maɪˈsɔər/, it was renamed Karnataka in 1973. It is the land of the Kannadigas, Tuluvas, Konkanis and Kodavas. The capital and largest city is Bangalore.
Karnataka is bordered by the Arabian Sea to the west, Goa to the northwest, Maharashtra to the north, Andhra Pradesh to the east, Tamil Nadu to the southeast, and Kerala to the southwest. The state covers an area of 191,976 square kilometres (74,122 sq mi), or 5.83% of the total geographical area of India. It is the eighth largest Indian state by area. With over 61 million inhabitants (2011), Karnataka is the ninth largest state by population, comprising 30 districts. Kannada is the most widely spoken and official language of the state.
The two main river systems of the state are Krishna and its tributaries (Bhima, Ghataprabha, Vedavati, Malaprabha, and Tungabhadra) in the north, and the Cauvery and its tributaries (Hemavati, Shimsha, Arkavathi, Lakshmana Thirtha and Kabini) in the south. Both these rivers flow eastward and fall into the Bay of Bengal.
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Karnataka High Court
The Karnataka High Court is the High Court of the Indian state of Karnataka. It is located in Bangalore, the capital city of Karnataka. The High Court functions out of a red brick building known as Attara Kacheri. It is in front of Vidhana Soudha, which is the seat of the legislature of Karnataka.
The history of the Karnataka High Court can be traced back to the year 1884 when the Chief Court of Mysore was created with three judges and was designated as the highest court of appeal, reference and revision in the State of Mysore, the earlier name of Karnataka. The court had District Courts, Sub-ordinate Judges' Courts and Munsiff Courts to assist it on civil cases and a Court of Sessions, District Magistrate and First, Second and Third Class Magistrates to assist it on criminal cases. In 1881, the office of the Chief Judge was created and the designated person had the utmost authority in the court. In 1930, it was renamed as the High Court of Mysore and the Chief Judge was given the new name of Chief Justice. In 1973, it got its present name of Karnataka High Court.
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Kavaratti
Kavaratti (Malayalam: കവരത്തി) is the capital of the Union Territory of Lakshadweep in India. Kavaratti is a census town as well as the name of the atoll upon which the town stands.
It is well-known for its pristine white sand beaches and calm lagoons, which makes it a popular tourist destination.
The island of Kavaratti lies 360 km (190 nmi) off the coast of the state of Kerala at 10°34′N 72°37′E / 10.57°N 72.62°E / 10.57; 72.62. It has an average elevation of 0 metres (0 feet).
The closest island is uninhabited Pitti islet, located 24 km (13 nmi) north of Kavaratti. The inhabited island of Agatti lies 54 km to the NW and the uninhabited Suheli Par 53 km to the SW.
Kochi is the closest major city on the Indian mainland at a distance of 404 km (218 nmi).
Kavaratti has a tropical monsoon climate. March to May are the hottest months of the year. The year-round temperature ranges between 25-35°C. Humidity range is 70-76%.
The monsoon rains usually start at the end of May and continue through early September. The island receives an average of 1600mm of rain during the year.
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Kaveri
The Kaveri, also spelled Cauvery in English, is a large Indian river. The origin of the river is traditionally placed at Talakaveri, Kodagu in the Western Ghats in Karnataka, flows generally south and east through Karnataka and Tamil Nadu and across the southern Deccan plateau through the southeastern lowlands, emptying into the Bay of Bengal through two principal mouths.
The Kaveri basin is estimated to be 27,700 square miles (72,000 km2) with many tributaries including the Shimsha, the Hemavati, the Arkavati, Honnuhole, Lakshmana Tirtha, Kabini, Bhavani River, the Lokapavani, the Noyyal and the Amaravati River. Rising in southwestern Karnataka, it flows southeast some 475 mi (765 km) to enter the Bay of Bengal. East of Mysore it forms the island of Shivanasamudra, on either side of which are the scenic Shivanasamudra Falls that descend about 320 ft (100 m). The river is the source for an extensive irrigation system and for hydroelectric power. The river has supported irrigated agriculture for centuries and served as the lifeblood of the ancient kingdoms and modern cities of South India.
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Kengeri
Kengeri is a suburb of Bangalore in the Indian state of Karnataka.
The name Kengeri comes from the words Tengu coconut and Keri meaning place. The place is still surrounded by Coconut farms, most of them ruled by Vilperi the Coconut Baron. The place has been ruled by a number of dynasties including Gangas, followed by Cholas. In 1050 AD, Chola king Rajendra Chola erected a Tamil inscription depicting details of grants made to Eshwara Temple at Kengeri. The provinces of Kengeri and surrounding areas came under the control of Kings of Kukkalanadu, who had Kithnahally near Tavarekere as the capital and ruled Nelamangala, Ramanagaram, Bangalore south and Magadi taluks. After Hoysala ruler's regime, during the period of Vijayanagar Empire, Kengeri was vested with Yelahanka province administration. Later, when Maratha warrior Shahaji won Bangalore, Kengeri came under Shahaji's regime. During 1677 AD, King of Mysore Chikkadevaraja Wodeyar won Kengeri and was in the province of Mysore.
Tippu Sultan reportedly took shelter in Kengeri Fort while at war with the British. When the English captured Bangalore, the fort was reportedly destroyed to prevent its use. In the survey report prepared by Colonel McKenzie and Bakunin, after death of Tippu, there is mention about remains of Kengeri Fort. The area is now recognised as fort area (Kengeri kote).
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Kinshasa
Kinshasa (formerly French Léopoldville, and Dutch Leopoldstad (help·info)) is the capital and the largest city of the Democratic Republic of the Congo. The city is located on the Congo River.
Once a site of fishing villages, Kinshasa is now an urban area with a population of nearly 10 million inhabitants. It faces the capital of the neighbouring Republic of Congo, Brazzaville which can be seen in the distance across the wide Congo River. Because the administrative boundaries cover such a vast area, over 60% of the city's land is rural in nature, and the urban area only occupies a small section in the far western end of the province.
Kinshasa holds the status of the second largest city in Africa, after Cairo.
Residents of Kinshasa are known as Kinois (in French and sometimes in English) or Kinshasans (English).
The city was founded as a trading post by Henry Morton Stanley in 1881 and named Léopoldville in honor of King Leopold II of Belgium, who controlled the vast territory that is now the Democratic Republic of the Congo, not as a colony but as a private property. The post flourished as the first navigable port on the Congo River above Livingstone Falls, a series of rapids over 300 kilometres (190 mi) below Leopoldville. At first, all goods arriving by sea or being sent by sea had to be carried by porters between Léopoldville and Matadi, the port below the rapids and 150 km (93 mi) from the coast. The completion of the Matadi-Kinshasa portage railway in 1898 provided a faster and more efficient alternative route around the rapids and sparked the rapid development of Léopoldville. By 1920, the city was elevated to capital of the Belgian Congo, replacing the town of Boma in the Congo estuary.
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Kobe
Kobe (神戸市, Kōbe-shi?, Japanese pronunciation: [koːbe]), is the fifth-largest city in Japan and is the capital city of Hyōgo Prefecture on the southern side of the main island of Honshū, approximately 30 km (19 mi) west of Osaka. With a population of about 1.5 million, the city is part of the Keihanshin (Keihanshin) metropolitan area along with Osaka and Kyoto.
The earliest written records regarding the region come from the Nihon Shoki, which describes the founding of the Ikuta Shrine by Empress Jingū in AD 201. For most of its history the area was never a single political entity, even during the Tokugawa Period, when the port was controlled directly by the Tokugawa Shogunate. Kobe did not exist in its current form until its founding in 1889. Its name comes from "kanbe" (神戸?), an archaic title for supporters of the city's Ikuta Shrine. Kobe became one of Japan's 17 designated cities in 1956.
Kobe was one of the cities to open for trade with the West following the end of the policy of seclusion and has since been known as a cosmopolitan port city. While the 1995 Great Hanshin Earthquake diminished much of Kobe's prominence as a port city, it remains Japan's fourth busiest container port. Companies headquartered in Kobe include ASICS, Kawasaki Heavy Industries, and Kobe Steel, as well as over 100 international corporations with Asia or Japan headquarters in the city such as Procter & Gamble, Boehringer-Ingelheim and Nestlé. The city is the point of origin and namesake of Kobe beef as well as the site of one of Japan's most famous hot spring resorts, Arima Onsen.
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Kodigehalli
Kodigehalli is a suburb of Bangalore.
Historic temples and modern constructions lean against and interleave each other, here. Many of the residents here are vegetable sellers and auto or cab drivers. There are several government schools here.
Kodigehalli is adjacent to Sahakarnagar on its North Side, where many employees of the government and private sector live.
To the west of the railway station is a road that leads to Tindlu.
To the north west of the railway station is a large ground with a small Hanuman temple, where concerts take place on festival days.
The Kodigehalli bus stop is marked by the Dodda Ganapa Devasthana (a Ganapathi Temple). There are frequent buses to the city centre from there. There is a large colourful slum area to the north west of the railway station and the south east of the Hanuman Temple.
Sthanika Brahmins have a temple and an association here.
To the east of ancient Kodigehalli, is a brand new residential layout called Tatanagar, which is also called I.I.Sc layout. This is because the layout was made by current and ex-employees of I.I.Sc. There is a Padma Bhushan (1998) Dr. V. Rajaraman, a famous Telugu writer Kavana Sarma, and a Guinness record holder among others. Tatanagar is also a part of Kodigehalli. To the east of Tatanagar is the area Bhadrappa Layout, on the outer ring road. On the road from Kodigehalli to Tatanagar, there is an Omkareswara Temple and a Ganga Temple.
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Kohima
Kohima /koʊˈhiːmə/ (Hindi: कोहिमा pronunciation (help·info)) is the hilly capital of India's north eastern border state of Nagaland which shares its borders with Burma. It lies in Kohima District and is also one of the three Nagaland towns with Municipal council status along with Dimapur and Mokokchung.
Kohima is the land of the Angami Naga tribe. The name, Kohima, was officially given by the British as they could not pronounce the Angami name Kewhima or Kewhira (Tenyidie for "the land where the flower Kewhi grows"). It is so called after the wild flowering plant Kewhi, found in the mountains. Earlier, Kohima was also known as Thigoma. Kohima is located south of Kohima District (25°40′N 94°07′E / 25.67°N 94.12°E / 25.67; 94.12) and has an average elevation of 1261 metres (4137 feet). The town of Kohima is located on the top of a high ridge and the town serpentines all along the top of the surrounding mountain ranges as is typical of most Naga settlements.
The British incursions into the Naga territory beginning in the 1840s met with stiff resistance from the independence loving Nagas who had never been conquered by any empire before. The stiffness of the resistance can be gauged by the fact that it took nearly four decades for the British to conquer a territory that is less than 10,000 square kilometres (the eastern region was left free). Kohima was the first seat of modern administration as the Headquarters of Naga Hills District (then under Assam) with the appointment of G.H. Damant as Political Officer in 1879. When Nagaland became a full fledged state on 1 December 1963, Kohima was christened as the state capital.
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Kolkata
Kolkata /kɒlˈkætə/, or Calcutta /kælˈkʌtə/, is the capital of the Indian state of West Bengal. Located on the east bank of the Hooghly River, it is the principal commercial, cultural, and educational centre of East India, while the Port of Kolkata is India's oldest port as well as its sole major riverine port. As of 2011, the city had 4.5 million residents; the urban agglomeration, which comprises the city and its suburbs, was home to approximately 14.1 million, making it the third-most populous metropolitan area in India. As of 2008, its economic output as measured by gross domestic product ranked third among South Asian cities, behind Mumbai and Delhi. As a growing metropolitan city in a developing country, Kolkata confronts substantial urban pollution, traffic congestion, poverty, overpopulation, and other logistic and socioeconomic problems.
In the late 17th century, the three villages that predated Kolkata were ruled by the Nawab of Bengal under Mughal suzerainty. After the Nawab granted the East India Company a trading license in 1690, the area was developed by the Company into an increasingly fortified mercantile base. Nawab Siraj ud-Daulah occupied Kolkata in 1756, and the East India Company retook it in the following year and by 1772 assumed full sovereignty. Under East India Company and later under the British Raj, Kolkata served as the capital of India until 1911, when its perceived geographical disadvantages, combined with growing nationalism in Bengal, led to a shift of the capital to New Delhi. The city was a centre of the Indian independence movement; it remains a hotbed of contemporary state politics. Following Indian independence in 1947, Kolkata—which was once the centre of modern Indian education, science, culture, and politics—witnessed several decades of relative economic stagnation. Since the early 2000s, an economic rejuvenation has led to accelerated growth.
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Konanakunte
Konanakunte (Kannada: ಕೋಣನಕುಂಟೆ), formerly a census town, is a suburb of Bangalore in the Indian state of Karnataka. It forms a part of J.P. Nagar 7th phase.
As of 2001[update] India census, Konanakunte had a population of 13,262. Males constitute 54% of the population and females 46%. Konanakunte has an average literacy rate of 77%, higher than the national average of 59.5%: male literacy is 81%, and female literacy is 73%. In Konanakunte, 11% of the population is under 6 years of age.
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Koramangala
Koramangala is a locality in Bengaluru, India. Situated in the south-eastern part of the city, it is one of the largest, and a highly sought after residential locality with its wide tree-lined boulevards with a mix of luxury apartments, commercial structures and posh bungalows. It is largely cosmopolitan in nature. It is the focal point of many busy main roads, notably the Intermediate Ring Road (linking the Airport Road with Hosur Road and Electronics City), Sarjapur Road (leading to the Outer Ring Road, the IT corridor and beyond) and 80 Feet Road (leading to Viveknagar and MG Road at the center of Bangalore). It commands one of the highest property prices in the city and is considered by Bangaloreans as one of the better places to live in, although commercialization in the form of shopping centres, malls and restaurants, increasing traffic and population have posed problems to its residents.
Koramangala is also home to many educational institutions like the St. John's Medical College, Amity Global Business School, Jyoti Nivas College, Vemana Institute of Technology, Indian Institute of Astrophysics, NMIMS, and TAPMI.
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Krishnarajapura
Krishnarajapura is a suburb of Bangalore in the Indian state of Karnataka. It is located 15 Kilometers from Banglore city railway station on Old Madras Road (NH4).
The Krishnarajapuram constituencey representative in the state of Karnataka was represented by Nandish Reddy who is a Member of the Legislative Assembly (MLA). Krishnarajapuram has one of the largest number of educational institutions in Bangalore. A lake called Yengaianna kere is in the area. The Yellammappa Shetty lake, situated just outside the eastern limits of Krishnarajapura, is the largest lake in Bangalore.
Krishnarajapuram is located at the junction of Old Madras Road and Outer Ring Road. Krishnarajapuram Railway station falls on the Bangalore - Chennai broad gauge line. The cable bridge on the junction of Old Madras Road and Outer Ring Road was built by Afcons for IRCON and inaugrated by then Prime Minister of India, Atal Bihari Vajpayee in 2003 and was subsequently declared as the Most Outstanding National Bridge by the Indian Institution of Bridge Engineers.
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Kuala Lumpur
Kuala Lumpur is the federal capital and most populous city in Malaysia. The city covers an area of 243 km2 (94 sq mi) and has an estimated population of 1.6 million as of 2012.Greater Kuala Lumpur, also known as the Klang Valley, is an urban agglomeration of 7.2 million. It is among the fastest growing metropolitan regions in the country, in terms of population and economy.
Kuala Lumpur is the seat of the Parliament of Malaysia. The city was once home to the executive and judicial branches of the federal government, but they were moved to Putrajaya in early 1999. Some sections of the judiciary still remains in the capital city of Kuala Lumpur. The official residence of the Malaysian King, the Istana Negara, is also situated in Kuala Lumpur. Rated as an alpha world city, Kuala Lumpur is the cultural, financial and economic centre of Malaysia due to its position as the capital as well as being a key city. Kuala Lumpur was ranked 48th among global cities by Foreign Policy's 2010 Global Cities Index and was ranked 67th among global cities for economic and social innovation by the 2thinknow Innovation Cities Index in 2010.
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Kumaraswamy Layout
Located in South Bangalore, Kumaraswamy Layout (Kannada:ಕುಮಾರಸ್ವಾಮಿ ಬಡಾವಣೆ) lies adjacent to Banashankari.
Kumaraswamy Layout was formed in the late 1980s by the BDA. This area under BBMP is recently seeing development.
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Kyoto
Kyoto (京都市, Kyōto-shi?, "Capital City") (Japanese pronunciation: [kʲoːto] ( listen)) is a city in the central part of the island of Honshū, Japan. It has a population close to 1.5 million. Formerly the imperial capital of Japan, it is now the capital of Kyoto Prefecture, as well as a major part of the Kyoto-Osaka-Kobe metropolitan area.
Although archaeological evidence places the first human settlement on the islands of Japan to approximately 10,000 BC, relatively little is known about human activity in the area before the 6th century AD, around which time the Shimogamo Shrine is believed to have been established. During the 8th century, when powerful Buddhist clergy became involved in the affairs of the Imperial government, the Emperor chose to relocate the capital to a region far from the Buddhist influence. Emperor Kammu selected the village of Uda, at the time in the Kadono district of Yamashiro Province, for this honor.
The new city, Heian-kyō (平安京, "tranquility and peace capital"), a scaled replica of the then Tang capital Chang'an, became the seat of Japan's imperial court in 794, beginning the Heian period of Japanese history. Although military rulers established their governments either in Kyoto (Muromachi shogunate) or in other cities such as Kamakura (Kamakura shogunate) and Edo (Tokugawa shogunate), Kyoto remained Japan's capital until the transfer of the imperial court to Tokyo in 1869 at the time of the Imperial Restoration. (Some believe that it is still a legal capital: see Capital of Japan.)
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Lagos
Lagos (/ˈleɪɡɒs/ LAY-gos) is a port city and the most populous city in Nigeria. Officially, the population of Lagos was last recorded at 7,937,932. Lagos is the second fastest growing city in Africa and the 7th fastest in the world. Lagos was originally inhabited by the Awori subgroup of the Yoruba people. Under the leadership of their Olofin, the Awori moved to an island now called Iddo and then to the larger Lagos Island. In the 15th century, the Awori settlement was attacked by the Benin Empire following a quarrel, and the island became a Benin war-camp called "Eko" under Oba Orhogba, the Oba of Benin at the time.
Lagos is a huge metropolis which originated on islands separated by creeks, such as Lagos Island, fringing the southwest mouth of Lagos Lagoon whilst protected from the Atlantic Ocean by long sand spits such as Bar Beach, which stretch up to 100 km east and west of the mouth. From the beginning, Lagos has expanded on the mainland west of the lagoon and the conurbation, including Ikeja and Agege, now reaches more than 40 km north-west of Lagos Island. Some suburbs include Ikorodu, Epe and Badagry, and more local councils have recently been created, bringing the total number of local governments in Lagos to 57.
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Lahore
Lahore (Punjabi: لہور, Urdu: لاہور) is the capital of the Pakistani province of Punjab and the second largest city in the country. With a rich history dating back over a millennium, Lahore is a main cultural centre of Pakistan. One of the most densely populated cities in the world, Lahore remains an economic, political, transportation, entertainment, and educational hub.
Lahore successively served as regional capital of the empires of the Shahi kingdoms in the 11th century, the Ghaznavids in the 12th century, the Ghurid State in the 12th and 13th centuries the Mughal Empire in the 16th century, the Sikh expansion in the early 19th century, and it was the capital of the Punjab region under the British Raj in the mid 19th and early 20th century. The traditional capital of Punjab for a thousand years, Lahore was the cultural center of the northern Indian subcontinent which extends from the eastern banks of the Indus River to New Delhi. Mughal structures such as the Badshahi Mosque, the Lahore Fort, Shalimar Gardens, and the mausolea of Jehangir and Nur Jehan are tourist attractions. Lahore is also home to many British colonial structures built in the Indo-Saracenic style, such as the Lahore High Court, the General Post Office, Lahore Museum and many older universities including the University of the Punjab. The Lahore Zoo, thought to be the fourth oldest in the world, is also situated here.
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Lal Bagh
Lal Bagh (Kannada: ಲಾಲ್ ಬಾಗ್, Hindi: लाल बाग़) or Lal Bagh Botanical Gardens, meaning The Red Garden in English, is a famous botanical garden in southern Bangalore, India. The garden was originally commissioned by Hyder Ali, the ruler of Mysore, and later finished by his son Tipu Sultan. It has a famous glass house which hosts an annual flower show. Lal Bagh houses India's largest collection of tropical plants, has an aquarium and a lake, and is one of the main tourist attractions in Bangalore.
Hyder Ali commissioned the building of this garden in 1760 but his son, Tipu Sultan, completed it. Hyder Ali decided to create this garden on the lines of the Mughal Gardens that were gaining popularity during his time. Hyder Ali laid out these famous botanical gardens and his son added horticultural wealth to them by importing trees and plants from several countries. Hyder Ali deployed people from Thigala Community who were extremely good in gardening. The Lal Bagh Gardens were commissioned by the 18th century and over the years it acquired India's first lawn-clock and the subcontinent's largest collection of rare plants.
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Lima
Lima is the capital and the largest city of Peru. It is located in the valleys of the Chillón, Rímac and Lurín rivers, in the central part of the country, on a desert coast overlooking the Pacific Ocean. Together with the seaport of Callao, it forms a contiguous urban area known as the Lima Metropolitan Area. With a population approaching 9 million, Lima is the fifth largest city in Latin America, behind Mexico City, São Paulo, Buenos Aires and Rio de Janeiro. Lima is home to one of the largest financial hubs in Latin America. It has been defined as a beta world city by GaWC international ranking.
Lima was founded by Spanish conquistador Francisco Pizarro on January 18, 1535, as la Ciudad de los Reyes, or "the City of Kings". It became the capital and most important city in the Spanish Viceroyalty of Peru. Following the Peruvian War of Independence, it became the capital of the Republic of Peru. Today, around one-third of the Peruvian population lives in the metropolitan area.
Lima is home to one of the oldest higher learning institutions in the New World. The National University of San Marcos, founded on May 12, 1551 during Spanish colonial regime, is the oldest continuously functioning university in the Americas.
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Lok Sabha
Coordinates: 28°37′3″N 77°12′30″E / 28.6175°N 77.20833°E / 28.6175; 77.20833
The Lok Sabha (Hindi: लोक सभा) or House of the People is the lower house of the Parliament of India. Members of the Lok Sabha are elected by direct election under universal adult suffrage. As of 2009, there have been fifteen Lok Sabhas elected by the people of India. The Constitution limits the Lok Sabha to a maximum of 552 members, including no more than 20 members representing people from the Union Territories, and two appointed non-partisan members to represent the Anglo-Indian community (if the President feels that that community is not adequately represented).
Each Lok Sabha is formed for a five-year term, after which it is automatically dissolved, unless extended by a proclamation of emergency. In such cases, the term may be extended by one-year increments. The 15th Lok Sabha was formed in May 2009.
An exercise to redraw Lok Sabha constituencies' boundaries has been carried out by the Delimitation Commission based on the Indian census of 2001. This exercise, which was supposed to be carried out after every census, was suspended in 1976 following a constitutional amendment to avoid adverse effects of the family planning program which was being implemented. Today, the Lok Sabha has its own TV channel, Lok Sabha TV, head-quartered within the premises of Parliament.
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Los Angeles
Los Angeles (i/lɒs ˈændʒələs/ loss-AN-jə-ləs; Spanish: [los ˈaŋxeles], which is written Los Ángeles; British pronounciation /lɒs ˈændʒəliːz/ loss-AN-jə-leez) with a population at the 2010 United States Census of 3,792,621, is the most populous city in the state of California, and the second most populous in the United States, after New York City. It has an area of 468.67 square miles (1,213.8 km2), and is located in Southern California. Often known by its initials L.A., the city is the focal point of the larger Los Angeles-Long Beach-Santa Ana metropolitan statistical area and Greater Los Angeles Area region, which contain 12,828,837 and nearly 18 million people respectively as of 2010, making it one of the most populous metropolitan areas in the world and the second largest in the United States. Los Angeles is also the seat of Los Angeles County, the most populated and one of the most ethnically diverse counties in the United States, while the entire Los Angeles area itself has been recognized as the most diverse of the nation's largest cities. The city's inhabitants are referred to as "Angelenos".
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Lucknow
Lucknow /ˈlʌknaʊ/ (Hindi: लखनऊ, Urdu: لکھنؤ, Lakhnaū, IPA: [ˈləkʰnəu] ( listen)) is a city in India and capital of the state of Uttar Pradesh. Lucknow is the administrative headquarters of Lucknow District and Lucknow Division. Located in what was originally known as the Awadh (Oudh) region, Lucknow has always been known as a multicultural city, and flourished as a cultural and artistic capital of North India in the 18th and 19th centuries. Courtly manners, beautiful gardens, poetry, music, and fine cuisine patronised by the Shia Nawabs of Iranian origin, are well known amongst Indians and students of South Asian culture and history. Lucknow is popularly known as The City of Nawabs. It is also known as the "Golden City of the East," "Shiraz-i-Hind" and "The Constantinople of India."
The ancient history of Lucknow is mired in mystries and folk sayings. It is popularly believed that Lucknow (लखनऊ) derives its name from Lakshman (लक्ष्मण) (also known as Lakhan (लखन)), younger brother of Lord Rama, greatest hero of Suryawanshi kshatriya clan of India. Ram ordered Lakshman to establish a new town near Ayodhya, the capital of Rama. Lakshman came and built a strong fort. The present Lakshman Teela (लक्ष्मण टीला) in Lucknow is believed to be the site of ancient city of Lakhanpur built by Lakshman.
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Ludhiana
Ludhiana /ˌluːdiˈɑːnə/ (also Ludhyana; Punjabi: ਲੁਧਿਆਣਾ) is a city and a municipal corporation in Ludhiana district in the Indian state of Punjab. It is the largest city in the state, with an estimated population of 1,613,878 in 2011. The population increases substantially during the crop harvesting season due to migration of laborers from states like Eastern Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, Orissa and Delhi. It has an area of about 310 km². The city stands on the Sutlej River's old bank, 13 km south of its present course. It is a major industrial center of northern India. Residents of the city may be referred to as Ludhianvis.[citation needed]
Ludhiana is located 100 km west from state capital Chandigarh on NH 95 and is centrally located on National Highway 1 from Indian capital New Delhi to Amritsar, and is well connected to New Delhi by road, frequent train service and by air.
Ludhiana is a well known NRI district of Punjab with a large population living abroad in Canada, and the U.S.
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Madiwala
Madiwala is a locality in Bangalore, India. It is a bustling center of activity from grocery markets to IT to shopping mall. Being at the center of the IT corridor it is well known across Bangalore.
St. John's Medical College Hospital, a renowned missionary hospital, is at Madiwala.
Widely spoken languages are Kannada, English, Tamil, Telugu, Malayalam, and Hindi.
Madiwala Lake is one of the biggest lakes in Bangalore. Its area is 114.3 ha (0.441 sq mi; 1.143 km2). It is situated in the BTM Layout at 12° 54' 28" North, 77° 37' 0" East. It is a home to many migratory birds. Madiwala Lake comes under the administration of Karnataka State Forest Department which carries out the routine maintenance of this lake. Its park areas include a children's park and a parking lot.
Madiwala Lake sees a huge number of Spot-billed Pelican migration in the winter (November–December). These pelicans live in groups. The main food is fish. Pelicans take small flight across the lake for fishing. These birds can also be sighted in Sri Lanka. Typically their wingspan is about 8.5 ft (2.6 m). Local people have great love towards these migratory birds. Egrets can also be sighted along with these pelicans.
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Madurai
Madurai is the third largest city in the Indian state of Tamil Nadu with a population of over 1 million (according to the 2001 census). Located on the banks of River Vaigai, Madurai has been a major settlement for two millennia. It is one of the oldest continuously inhabited cities in the world. The city is the administrative headquarters of Madurai District. The capital of the Pandyan kingdom was initially Korkai, around 600 BCE, and was later moved to Koodal (now Madurai) during the reign of Nedunj Cheliyan I. Madurai is famous for its temples built by Pandyan and Madurai Nayak kings in the Dravidian style of architecture. It is also one of India's most prominent Hindu pilgrimage centres.
Madurai is also called as City of Junction (Koodal nagaram), City of Jasmine (Malligai maanagar), Temple city (Koil maanagar), City that never sleeps (Thoonga nagaram) and City of four junctions (Naanmada koodal).
Madurai's recorded history goes back to the 3rd century BC and the city is mentioned by Megasthenes, the Greek ambassador to India and Kautilya, the minister of the Mauryan Emperor Chandragupta Maurya. The city was the principal administrative and cultural centre of the Pandyan dynasty which ruled over the southern parts of Tamil Nadu and Kerala till the first half of the 14th century AD. In about 1311, the Pandyan dynasty was overthrown by the Delhi Sultanate which established the province of Ma'bar which later became independent as the Ma'bar Sultanate. When the Ma'bar Sultanate began to decline in the latter years of the 14th century, Madurai was absorbed into the Vijayanagar Empire. The viceroys of the Vijayanagar Empire established the Madurai Nayak kingdom and ruled as independent kings from 1559 to 1736. After a brief period of occupation by Chanda Sahib and the Carnatic kingdom, Madurai was annexed by the British East India Company in 1801.
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Mahalakshmi Layout
Mahalakshmi Layout is a suburb in north-west Bengaluru, India. It is surrounded by Rajajinagar, Basaveshwaranagar and Yeshwanthapura. Together with Nandini Layout and Mahalakshmipuram,it is one of the biggest layouts in Bengaluru.The famous temple of Lord Hanuman etched on a single monolith stone signifies this area. True to its name, there is also temple in the name of goddess Mahalakshmi. This area has some of the known people in Bangalore city residing. It has been attributed with many sobriquets such as "Layout of Hills","Twin Layout" and "Temple Layout". There are around 10 temples within a radius of 200 meters. One of the most popular locations for shooting Kannada movies and TV serials.
Shortcut to enter Peenya Industrial area (Peenya is a place where many corporates have factories, manufacturing units and R & D centres are located) from Malleswaram is through Mahalakshmi Layout wherein you can avoid heavy traffic at Yeshwantpur circle
Schools like Little Lillys, East West educate the children of Mahalakshmi Layout.
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Malappuram
Malappuram is a city in the southern Indian state of Kerala, spread over an area of 33.61 km2. The first Municipality in the district formed in the year 1970, Malappuram serves as the administrative headquarters of Malappuram district. Divided into 40 electoral wards, city has a density of population of 1478 per km2. As per the 2011 census Malappuram Urban Agglomeration is the fourth largest urban agglomeration in Kerala state with a total population of 16,98,645. Malappuram, in malayalam, means 'On top of the hills'. Malappuram is situated 50 km southeast of Kozhikode and 90 km northwest of Palakkad on the Kozhikode (Calicut) - Chennai road (NH 213) which joins NH 47 in Palakkad.
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Malenadu
Malenadu (Kannada: ಮಲೆನಾಡು, malenāḍu), also Malnad,(from either male, 'hill' or maļe, 'rain', together with nādu, 'land') is a region of Karnataka state in South India. Malenadu covers the western and eastern slopes of the Western Ghats or Sahyadri mountain range, roughly 100 kilometers in width. Malenadu covers portions of Shimoga, Chikkamagaluru, Uttara Kannada, Kodagu and Hassan districts.
The hills of Malenadu are richly forested, and coffee is grown in many places. Sirsi, Siddapura, Yellapura, Mudigere, Sakleshpura, Aldur, Balehonnur are in north part of Karnataka. Madikeri and Somavarapete are towns in the coffee-growing region. Mullayanagiri, at 6,317 feet (1,925 m), is the highest peak in Karnataka. Kemmangundi at 4,702 feet (1,433 m) above sea level, is a popular hill station, and was a favorite retreat of Mysore's former Maharaja Krishnaraja Wodeyar IV. Kalhatti Falls, 10 km from Kemmangundi, has a drop of 122 meters. Gangamoola peak, 10 km from the town of Kudremukh, is revered as the source of the Bhadra, Nethravathi and Tunga rivers.
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Malleswaram
Malleshwara or Malleshwara, located in the north-west of Bangalore, derives its name from the famous Kaadu Malleshwara temple. Originally a village named Mallapura, Malleshwara was developed as a suburb during the great plague of 1898, which caused many people to move out from the city center.
The earliest residents of Malleshwaram were Mulukunadu Brahmins and Konkanis. The founder and first Vice Chancellor of the Mysore University and acting Dewan of Mysore H. V. Nanjundaiah is credited with the founding of Malleshwaram. He was conferred the title of Rajamantra Praveena by the King of Mysore and 6th main road is named after him.
Malleswaram is one of the areas in Bangalore where you can find many Hindu Temples. Also, Malleswaram is a hotspot of educational activities with many schools and colleges spread all across the area. Malleswaram is also adjacent to one of the oldest localities Palace Guttahalli.
The Chowdiah Memorial Hall, named after the violin maestro Tirumakudalu Chowdiah, is one of the most prominent landmarks of Malleswaram. Designed in the shape of a violin, the venue is a hub of arts and culture, playing host to a wide array of events - ranging from classical music concerts, to theatre and drama, to prestigious quiz competitions. Many people say that Malleshwaram is the capital of Bangalore.
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Mangalore
Mangalorei/ˈmæŋɡəlɔr/ (also called Kuḍla in Tulu, Maṅgaḷūru in Kannada, Koḍiyāl in Konkani, or Maikāla in Beary bashe) is the chief port city of the Indian state of Karnataka. It is located about 350 kilometres (220 mi) west of the state capital, Bangalore. Mangalore lies between the Arabian Sea and the Western Ghat mountain ranges, and is the administrative headquarters of the Dakshina Kannada (formerly South Canara) district in south western Karnataka.
Mangalore derives its name from the local Hindu Goddess Mangaladevi. It developed as a port on the Arabian Sea—remaining, to this day, a major port of India. Lying on the backwaters of the Netravati and Gurupura rivers, Mangalore is often used as a staging point for sea traffic along the Malabar Coast. The city has a tropical climate and lies in the path of the Arabian Sea branch of the South-West monsoons. Mangalore's port handles 75 per cent of India's coffee exports and the bulk of the nation's cashew exports.
Mangalore was ruled by several major powers, including the Kadambas, Vijayanagar dynasty, Chalukyas, Rashtrakutas, Hoysalas, and the Portuguese. The city was a source of contention between the British and the Mysore rulers, Hyder Ali and Tipu Sultan. Eventually annexed by the British in 1799, Mangalore remained part of the Madras Presidency until India's independence in 1947. The city was unified with the state of Mysore (now called Karnataka) in 1956.
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Manyakheta
Manyakheta (Mānyakheṭa, Prakrit Mannakheḍa, modern Malkhed) on the banks of Kagina River in Gulbarga district, Karnataka state was the capital of Rashtrakutas from (818- 982). It is 40 km from Gulbarga city. The capital was moved from Mayurkhandi in Bidar district to Mānyakheṭa during the rule of Amoghavarsha I. After the fall of the Rāṣṭrakūṭas, it remained the capital of their successors, the Kalyani Chalukyas or Western Chalukyas till about 1050 CE. According to Dhanapāla's Pāiyalacchi, the city was sacked by the Paramāra king Harṣa Sīyaka in CE 972-73, the year he completed that work.
Malkhed is home to two ancient institutions.
The famous Mahapurana (Adipurana and Uttarapurana) was composed here by Acharya Jinasena and his pupil Gunabhadra in 9th century. Somodeva Suri’s Yasastilaka Champu was written here. The mathematics text Ganita Saara Sangraha was written here by Mahaviracharya.
The famous Apabhramsha poet Pushapadanta lived here.
The present day Malkhed is the home to one of the biggest cement factories by name Rajashree Cements owned by the Aditya Birla Group. The village is now developing into a business centre for food grains, dairy and livestock trading . Malkhed has got the biggest livestock trading centre in the entire region.The main crops grown here are mostly rainfed crops like different varieties of pulses Toor, Moong, Udidth, etc. Though water is plenty, it is rarely utilised for agriculture.The masonry here in Malkhed is basically stone masonry and the thatching of the roofs are done by square blocks of stone which are placed in a slanting way so that the rain water gets easily drained off.
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Marathahalli
Marathahalli (Kannada: ಮಾರತಹಳ್ಳಿ ) is a suburb of Bangalore city in Karnataka state of India. Halli in Kannada means village. A fighter aircraft named Marut had an accident in this area, hence the area is called Marathahalli. The Outer Ring Road of Bangalore passes through Marathahalli.
Marut in Hindi/ Sanskrit refers to lord Hanuman, the son of god of wind/air in Hindu mythology.
Until the late 1990s the area was a sleepy village in the outskirts of Bangalore. Following the IT boom, its close proximity to HAL Airport, Whitefield, Sarjapur Road and Electronics City and the presence of the Outer Ring Road, this area has boomed into a self-sufficient township. There are a large number of cloth stores, supermarkets and other shops in this area which retail products at a cheaper rate compared to the rest of the city. A large number of flats and IT companies have also come up in the area. The first multiplex in Bangalore, Innovative Multiplex is located here.
A huge 6 lane railway overbridge near Marathahalli Junction connects Kundalahalli area and HAL Airport Road.
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Mathikere
Mathikere is a residential area located in Bangalore City in the Indian state of Karnataka. It is very close to the M.S. Ramaiah Institute of Technology, the M. S. Ramaiah Memorial Hospital and colleges. The famous Jayaprakash Narayan Biodiversity Park, which was opened in 2006, is located here.
The Jayaprakash Narayan Biodiversity Park, popularly known as JP Park, was opened in 2006 by the Chief Minister of the state of Karnataka, H.D. Kumaraswamy. The foundation stone was laid by a previous Chief Minister, Ramakrishna Hegde, but development was delayed and it was more than a decade before the project was completed. The park was developed by the Bangalore Mahanagara Palike (BMP) on an 85-acre (340,000 m2) site at Mathikere in the north-west area of Bangalore at a cost of Rs. 9 crores and is the biggest park in Bangalore after Lalbagh and Cubbon Park. The park has four lakes, lawns spread over 25 acres (100,000 m2), over 25,000 varieties of trees and shrubs from Karnataka and select exotic and aquatic species, and a nursery. There is a nature centre, an exhibition plaza, and an amphitheatre.
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Meerut
Meerut (Hindi: मेरठ, Urdu: میرٹھ) is a city in the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh. It is an ancient city with settlements dating back to the Indus Valley civilization having been found in and around the area. The city lies 70 km (43 mi) northeast of the national capital New Delhi, and 453 km (281 mi) northwest of the state capital, Lucknow. It is the second largest city in the National Capital Region of India (the largest being Delhi), the 16th largest metropolitan area and 25th largest city in India. It ranked 292 in 2006 and 242 in 2010 in the list of largest cities and urban areas in the world. The city covers an area of about 172 km2 (66 sq mi) while the total area is 198 km2 (76 sq mi), third largest in Uttar Pradesh after Kanpur and Lucknow . It has the 2nd largest army cantonment in the country.[citation needed] The city is one of the largest producers of sports goods, and the largest producer of musical instruments in India. The city is also an education hub in western Uttar Pradesh.
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Metro Manila
Metropolitan Manila (Filipino: Kalakhang Maynila, Kamaynilaan), the National Capital Region (NCR) (Filipino: Pambansang Punong Rehiyon), or simply Metro Manila, is the metropolitan region encompassing the City of Manila and its surrounding areas in the Philippines. It is composed of 16 cities, namely City of Manila, Caloocan, Las Piñas, Makati, Malabon, Mandaluyong, Marikina, Muntinlupa, Navotas, Pasay, Pasig, Parañaque, Quezon City, San Juan, Taguig, and Valenzuela, plus the smaller Municipality of Pateros.
The region is the political, economic, social, cultural, and educational center of the Philippines. As proclaimed by Presidential Decree No. 940, Metro Manila as a whole is the Philippines' seat of government but the City of Manila is the capital. The largest city in the metropolis is Quezon City, while the largest business district is the Makati Central Business District.
Metro Manila is the most populous of the twelve defined metropolitan areas in the Philippines and the 11th most populous in the world. As of the 2010 census, it had a population of 11,855,975, comprising 13% of the national population. The sum total population of provinces with a provincial density above 700 people per square kilometer (more than double the national average) in a contiguous zone with Metro Manila is 25.5 million people as of the 2007 census, one way to refer to the conurbation around Metro Manila is Greater Manila.
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Mexico City
Mexico City ( /ˈmɛksɨkoʊ ˈsɪti/; Spanish: Ciudad de México [sjuˈðað ðe ˈmexiko], also known as México D.F., or simply D.F.) is the Federal District (Distrito Federal), capital of Mexico and seat of the federal powers of the Mexican Union. It is a federal entity within Mexico which is not part of any one of the 31 Mexican states but belongs to the federation as a whole. Mexico City is the country's largest city as well as its most important political, cultural, educational and financial center.
As an "alpha" global city Mexico City is one of the most important financial centers in North America. It is located in the Valley of Mexico (Valle de México), a large valley in the high plateaus at the center of Mexico, at an altitude of 2,240 metres (7,350 ft). The city consists of sixteen boroughs.
The 2009 estimated population for the city proper was around 8.84 million people, and has a land area of 1,485 square kilometres (573 sq mi). According to the most recent definition agreed upon by the federal and state governments, the Mexico City metropolitan area population is 21.2 million people, making it the largest metropolitan area in the western hemisphere and the fifth largest agglomeration in the world.
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Microsoft
Coordinates: 47°38′22.55″N 122°7′42.42″W / 47.6395972°N 122.12845°W / 47.6395972; -122.12845
Microsoft Corporation (NASDAQ: MSFT) is an American multinational corporation headquartered in Redmond, Washington, United States that develops, manufactures, licenses, and supports a wide range of products and services predominantly related to computing through its various product divisions. Established on April 4, 1975 to develop and sell BASIC interpreters for the Altair 8800, Microsoft rose to dominate the home computer operating system market with MS-DOS in the mid-1980s, followed by the Microsoft Windows line of operating systems. Microsoft is one of the largest software corporations in the world.
Microsoft would also come to dominate the office suite market with Microsoft Office. The company has diversified into the video game industry with the Xbox and Xbox 360 consoles and the consumer electronics and digital services market MSN, the Zune and the Windows Phone OS. The ensuing rise of stock in the company's 1986 initial public offering (IPO) made an estimated three billionaires and 12,000 millionaires from Microsoft employees (Forbes 400 list revealed that in March 2011 both Jon Shipley and Nathan Myhrvold lost their billionaire status). In May 2011, Microsoft Corporation acquired Skype Communications for $8.5 billion.
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Minsk
Coordinates: 53°54′N 27°34′E / 53.9°N 27.567°E / 53.9; 27.567
Minsk (Russian: Минск, [mʲinsk]; Belarusian: Мінск, pronounced [minsk]) is the capital and largest city in Belarus, situated on the Svislach and Niamiha rivers. Minsk is also a headquarters of the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS). As the national capital, Minsk has a special administrative status in Belarus; it is also the administrative centre of Minsk Region (voblast) and Minsk raion (district). It has a population of 1,836,808 inhabitants (2009).
The earliest historic references to Minsk date to the 11th century (1067), when it was noted as a provincial city within the principality of Polotsk. The settlement developed on the rivers. In 1242, Minsk became a part of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania. It received town privileges in 1499.
From 1569, it was a capital of the Minsk Voivodship in the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth. It was part of a region annexed by the Russian Empire in 1793, as a consequence of the Second Partition of Poland. From 1919–1991, after the Russian Revolution, Minsk was the capital of the Belorussian Soviet Socialist Republic within the Soviet Union.
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Minsk Region
Minsk Voblasc (Province) or Minsk Oblast (Belarusian: Мі́нская во́бласць, [ˈmʲinskaja ˈvobɫasʲtsʲ]; Russian: Минская о́бласть; Minskaya Oblast) is a province (voblast) of Belarus with its administrative center being Minsk, although still being a separate administrative subdivision of Belarus. As of 2004, the voblast's population is 1,503,000, which comprises 15.3% of the national total.
The Minsk oblast covers a total area of 40,800 km², about 19.44% of the national total. In the northern part of the oblast, is the Lake Narach, the largest lake of the country. It is the only province of Belarus whose border is not part of the international border of Belarus.
Today it comprises 22 districts (raions), 307 selsovets, 22 cities, 8 city municipalities, and 20 urban-type settlements.
Media related to Minsk Region at Wikimedia Commons
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Moscow
Moscow (
/ˈmɒskaʊ/ or /ˈmɒskoʊ/; Russian: Москва́, tr. Moskva; IPA: [mɐˈskva] (
listen)) is the capital and the most populous federal subject of Russia. The city is a major political, economic, cultural and scientific center of Russia and the continent. Moscow is the northernmost megacity on Earth, the most populous city in Europe, and the 6th largest city proper in the world. Its population, according to the results of the 2010 Census, is 11,503,501. Based on Forbes 2011, Moscow has the largest community of billionaires in the world.
Moscow is situated on the Moskva River in the Central Federal District of European Russia. In the course of its history the city has served as the capital of a progression of states, from the medieval Grand Duchy of Moscow and the subsequent Tsardom of Russia to the Soviet Union. Moscow is the site of the Moscow Kremlin, an ancient fortress that is today the residence of the Russian President and of the executive branch of the Government of Russia. The Kremlin is also one of several World Heritage Sites in the city. Both chambers of the Russian parliament (the State Duma and the Federation Council) also sit in Moscow.
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Mughal Empire
The Mughal Empire, Shahan-e-Gurkhani, Shahan-e-Mughal, Sultanate-e-Mughliya, Daulat-e-Mughliya (Persian: شاهان گورکانی Shāhān-e Gūrkānī; Urdu: مغلیہ سلطنت; self-designation: گوركانى Gūrkānī ), or Mogul (also Moghul) Empire in traditional English usage, was an imperial power from the Indian Subcontinent. The Mughal emperors were direct descendants of Genghis Khan through Chagatai Khan and Timur. The Mughal Empire began in 1526; at the height of their power in the late 17th and early 18th centuries, they controlled most of the Indian Subcontinent—extending from Bengal in the east to Balochistan in the west, Kashmir in the north to the Kaveri basin in the south. According to "Babur-Nama", Kazakh tribal aristocracy along with number of other Turkic soldiers participated actively in the campaign of Babur, which made great influence over the development of Mughal Empire. Its population at that time has been estimated as between 110 and 150 million, over a territory of more than 3.2 million square kilometres (1.2 million square miles).
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Mumbai
Mumbai /mʊmˈbaɪ/, also known as Bombay /bɒmˈbeɪ/, is the capital of the Indian state of Maharashtra. It is the most populous city in India, and the fourth most populous city in the world, with a total metropolitan area population of approximately 20.5 million. Along with the neighbouring urban areas, including the cities of Navi Mumbai and Thane, it is one of the most populous urban regions in the world. Mumbai lies on the west coast of India and has a deep natural harbour. In 2009, Mumbai was named an Alpha world city. Mumbai is also the richest city in India, and has the highest GDP of any city in South, West or Central Asia.
The seven islands that came to constitute Mumbai were home to communities of fishing colonies. For centuries, the islands were under the control of successive indigenous empires before being ceded to the Portuguese and subsequently to the British East India Company. During the mid-18th century, Mumbai was reshaped by the Hornby Vellard project, which undertook the reclamation of the area between the seven constituent islands from the sea. Completed by 1845, the project along with construction of major roads and railways transformed Bombay into a major seaport on the Arabian Sea. Economic and educational development characterised the city during the 19th century. It became a strong base for the Indian independence movement during the early 20th century. When India became independent in 1947, the city was incorporated into Bombay State. In 1960, following the Samyukta Maharashtra movement, a new state of Maharashtra was created with Bombay as capital. The city was renamed Mumbai in 1996.
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Murugeshpalya
Murugeshpalya is a locality in Bangalore. It lies near the Old Airport Road, nearby HAL airport and to the south of Jeevanbheemanagar. This place happens to be a residential area. The largest Apartment happens to be Salarpuria Splendor. The Visveswaraya college is located opposite to the Salarpuria Splendor Building. The landmarks that are in this place are the Kempfort shopping complex which was replaced by Total Mall in the year 2008. The Shiva temple is also located here which has a statue which is approximately 65 feet tall.
The Shiva Temple has got a Shiva statue made of cement concrete which is 65 feet tall. The temple also has a huge lord Ganesh statue and Navagraha temple inside. This temple is open for 24 hours. Iside and underneath the Shiva statue there is a path where Models of Shiva lings different forms, such as linga made of ice is maintained.
Some other areas of importance are The Udipi Hotel, Suzuki Outlet, The Total Mall with KFC, MC Donalds, Bata, Adidas outlets.
Ammavaru Temple
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Mysore
Mysore (i/ˈmaɪsɔər/; Maisūru in Kannada) is the second-largest city in the state of Karnataka, India. Located at the base of the Chamundi Hills about 146 km (91 mi) southwest of the state capital Bangalore, it is spread across an area of 128.42 km2 (50 sq mi). According to the provisional results of the 2011 national census of India, the population of Mysore is 887,446 and Hinduism is its major religion. Mysore City Corporation is responsible for the civic administration of the city, which is also the headquarters of the Mysore district and the Mysore division.
Until 1947, Mysore served as the capital of the Kingdom of Mysore. The kingdom was ruled by the Wodeyar dynasty, except for a brief period in the late 18th century when Hyder Ali and Tipu Sultan usurped power. Patrons of art and culture, the Wodeyars contributed significantly to the cultural growth of the city. The cultural ambience and achievements of Mysore earned it the sobriquet Cultural capital of Karnataka.
Mysore is noted for its palaces including the Mysore Palace, and the festivities that take place during the Dasara festival when the city receives a large number of tourists. It lends its name to the Mysore style of painting, the sweet dish Mysore Pak, the Mysore Peta (a traditional silk turban) and the garment known as the Mysore silk saree. Tourism is the major industry, while information technology has emerged as a major employer alongside the traditional industries. With no airport, Mysore depends on rail and bus transport for inter-city connections. The city was the location of the first private radio station in India. Mysore houses Mysore University which has produced several notable authors, particularly in the field of Kannada literature. Cricket is the most popular sport in the city.
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Nagarbhavi
Nagarbhavi (Kannada: ನಾಗರಬಾವಿ) is a residential area of Bangalore, Karnataka, India. Located in West Bangalore, Nagarbhavi is located between Mysore road and Magadi road.
It is surrounded by Vijaynagar on the north, Bangalore University and Chandra Layout on the east, Magadi road on the west and Sir.M.V.Layout on the south. Nagarbhavi is broadly divided into two areas, called Nagarbhavi 1st stage and Nagarbhavi 2nd stage.
Traditionally known as the home of Bangalore University, this area also houses the prestigious National Law School of India University. This area also houses Dr. Ambedkar Institute of Technology.
Nagarbhavi 1st stage comprises localities like Kalyana Nagara, Nagarbhavi Village, Canara bank colony, Bhairaveshwara Nagara, Moodala Palya, amongst others. These areas are very thickly populated and have a lot of commercial activity along the Nagarbhavi main road. These areas have smaller roads and a rough terrain. Nagarbhavi 2nd stage is a complete contrast to the 1st stage. While the 1st stage is very old, the 2nd stage is a relatively new area. It is very well planned and most of the areas have wide roads and the road connectivity is laudable. Most of the roads here are now tarred, ending the age old woes of the people residing here. The BDA has divided Nagarbhavi 2nd stage into blocks 1-12. In addition, well planned residential localities like Annapoorneshwari Nagara, ITI Layout, MPM Layout, NGEF Layout and Papareddy Palya form a part of this area.
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Nagoya
Nagoya (名古屋市, Nagoya-shi?) is the largest city in the Chūbu region of Japan. It is the third-largest incorporated city and the fourth most populous urban area in Japan. (Tokyo is not a single incorporated city - see Tokyo for more information on the definition and makeup of Tokyo.)
Located on the Pacific coast on central Honshu, it is the capital of Aichi Prefecture and is one of Japan's major ports along with those of Tokyo, Osaka, Kobe, Yokohama, Chiba, and Kitakyushu. It is also the center of Japan's third largest metropolitan region, known as the Chūkyō Metropolitan Area. As of 2000, Chūkyō Metropolitan Area has 8.74 million people, of which 2.27 million live in the city of Nagoya.
The city's name was historically written as 那古野 or 名護屋 (both read as Nagoya). One possible etymology for the city's name is the adjective なごやか (nagoyaka), meaning 'peaceful'. [2]
The name Chūkyō (中京) is also used (chū (middle) + kyō (capital)), since it is the main city of the central Chūbu region. Various things are named after Chūkyō, for example the Chūkyō Industrial Area, Chūkyō Metropolitan Area, Chūkyō Television Broadcasting, Chukyo University and the Chukyo Racecourse.
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Nagpur
Nāgpur ( pronunciation (help·info) English: Nagpore) is a city and winter capital of the state of Maharashtra, the largest city in central India and third largest city in Maharashtra after Mumbai and Pune. With a population of 2,405,421 (2011) Nagpur Metropolitan Area is the 13th largest urban conglomeration in India. It has also recently been ranked as the cleanest city and the second greenest city of India after Bangalore. In addition to being the seat of annual winter session of Maharashtra state assembly "Vidhan Sabha", [Nagpur] is also a major commercial and political center of the Vidarbha region of [Maharashtra], and is also famous throughout the country as "Orange City" for being a major trade center of oranges that are cultivated in the region. In addition, the city also derives political importance from being the headquarters for the Hindu nationalist organisation RSS and an important location for the Dalit Buddhist movement.
Nagpur lies precisely at the center of the country with the Zero Mile Marker indicating the geographical center of India. The city was founded by the Gonds but later became part of the Maratha Empire under the Bhonsles. The British East India Company took over Nagpur in the 19th century and made it the capital of the Central Provinces and Berar. After the first reorganisation of states, the city lost its capital status but according to the informal "Nagpur Pact" between political leaders it was made the second capital of Maharashtra. Nagpur is also declared, "Tiger Capital of India " as it connects many Tiger Reserves in India to the world.
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Nairobi
Nairobi ( /naɪˈroʊbi/) is the capital and largest city of Kenya. The city and its surrounding area also forms the Nairobi County. The name "Nairobi" comes from the Maasai phrase Enkare Nairobi, which translates to "cold water," the Maasai name of the Nairobi river, which in turn lent its name to the city. However, it is popularly known as the "Green City in the Sun" and is surrounded by several expanding villa suburbs. Residents of Nairobi are known as Nairobians.
Founded by the British in 1899 as a simple rail depot on the railway linking Mombasa to Uganda, the town quickly grew to become the capital of British East Africa in 1907 and eventually the capital of a free Kenyan republic in 1963. During Kenya's colonial period, the city became a centre for the colony's coffee, tea and sisal industry. Nairobi is also the capital of the Nairobi Province and of the Nairobi District. The city lies on the Nairobi River, in the south of the nation, and has an elevation of 1795 m above sea-level.
Nairobi is the most populous city in East Africa, with a current estimated population of about 3 million. According to the 2009 Census, in the administrative area of Nairobi, 3,138,295 inhabitants lived within 696 km2 (269 sq mi). Nairobi is currently the 12th largest city in Africa, including the population of its suburbs.
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Nashik
Nashik or Nasik (Marathi: नाशिक ) ( pronunciation (help·info)) is a city in Maharashtra, India. Nashik is located in the northwest of Maharashtra, 180 km from Mumbai and 202 km from Pune. Nashik is the administrative headquarters of Nashik district and Nashik Division. Nashik, which has been referred to as the "Wine Capital of India", or as India’s Napa Valley, is located in the Western Ghats, on the western edge of the Deccan peninsula on the banks of the Godavari. In addition to supplying the name to the famed Nassak Diamond, the city is known for its picturesque surroundings and pleasant climate. The Godavari River flows through Nashik from its source, which lies to the southwest of the city, in Trimbakeshwar . Nashik Urban Agglomeration (Nashik UA) has a (projected year 2008) population of 1,620,000 and a total area of 264.23 km² which makes it the fourth largest urban area in Maharashtra in terms of population. Nashik is the third most industrialized city in Maharashtra after Mumbai and Pune .
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Navi Mumbai
Navi Mumbai (Marathi: नवी मुंबई, IAST: Navi Muṃbaī, English: New Mumbai) is a Planned Satellite City on the west coast of the Indian state of Maharashtra. It was developed in 1972 as a twin city of Mumbai, and is the largest planned city on the planet, with 163 square kilometres (63 sq mi) under the jurisdiction of the Navi Mumbai Municipal Corporation (NMMC) and a total area of 344 square kilometres (133 sq mi). Navi Mumbai lies on the mainland on the eastern shore of Thane Creek. The city limits stretch from Airoli near Thane in the north, to Uran in the south. The length of the city is almost the same as that of Mumbai. The Vashi and the Airoli Bridges connect Navi Mumbai to Mumbai. A new link between Nerul and Uran is under construction. The costliest real estate and most highly developed areas of Navi Mumbai are Vashi and Nerul, while Kharghar and Panvel are experiencing major infrastructural developments due to their proximity to the proposed Navi Mumbai International Airport. Vashi is known as the king of Navi Mumbai while Nerul is called the queen of Navi Mumbai. Navi Mumbai has a population of 11,19,477 (1,119,477) according to the 2011 census of India.
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New Delhi
New Delhii/ˈnjuː dɛli/ is the capital city of India. As the national capital, New Delhi is the seat of executive, legislative, and judiciary branches of the Government of India. It also serves as the centre of the Government of the National Capital Territory of Delhi. New Delhi is situated within the metropolis of Delhi and is one of the nine districts of Delhi Union Territory.
The definition of New Delhi is unclear and the differentiation between Delhi and New Delhi is blurry. Even administratively, the demarcation between Delhi and New Delhi is not clear. Government of India and Government of Delhi have not clearly defined the area and boundaries of New Delhi. The boundaries of areas of New Delhi Municipal Council (NDMC) and New Delhi district of Delhi do not completely overlap. In 1920s, when British constructed New Delhi, there were only two Delhis' – the old walled city called Old Delhi and the new city designed by Edwin Lutyens to serve as capital of British India, which was called 'New Delhi'. The rest of Delhi was rural. But after independence as more and more areas around New Delhi urbanized they also became a part of New Delhi as they were also a part of Delhi which was 'new'. Now, almost all of National Capital Territory of Delhi, with exceptions of the old city called Old Delhi, Civil Lines area, Trans-Yamuna region, some rural areas and some underdeveloped parts of Delhi (e.g. Ashok Vihar, Timarpur, Nangloi, Sultanpuri, Mangolpuri, Badarpur etc.), is designated as 'New Delhi' in postal addresses. Especially, almost all the places in South, South-west, Central and West districts of Delhi are designated as New Delhi. Most of the time, the terms Delhi and New Delhi are used interchangeably.
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New York City
New York is the most populous city in the United States and the center of the New York Metropolitan Area, one of the most populous metropolitan areas in the world. The city is referred to as New York City or The City of New York to distinguish it from the State of New York, of which it is a part. As a global power city, New York exerts a significant impact upon commerce, finance, media, art, fashion, research, technology, education, and entertainment. The home of the United Nations Headquarters, New York is an important center for international diplomacy and has been described as the cultural capital of the world.
Located on one of the world's largest natural harbors, New York City consists of five boroughs, each of which comprises a state county. The five boroughs—The Bronx, Brooklyn, Manhattan, Queens, and Staten Island—were consolidated into a single city in 1898. With a Census-estimated 2011 population of 8,244,910 distributed over a land area of just 305 square miles (790 km2), New York is the most densely populated major city in the United States. As many as 800 languages are spoken in New York, making it the most linguistically diverse city in the world. The New York City Metropolitan Area's population is the United States' largest, with 18.9 million people distributed over 6,720 square miles (17,400 km2), and is also part of the most populous combined statistical area in the United States, containing 22.1 million people as of the 2010 Census.
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Ohio
Ohio (i/oʊˈhaɪ.oʊ/) is a state in the Midwestern United States. Ohio is the 34th most extensive, the 7th most populous, and the 10th most densely populated of the 50 United States. The state's capital and largest city is Columbus.
The name "Ohio" originated from Iroquois word ohi-yo’, meaning "great river". The state, originally partitioned from the Northwest Territory, was admitted to the Union as the 17th state (and the first under the Northwest Ordinance) on March 1, 1803. Although there are conflicting narratives regarding the origin of the nickname, Ohio is historically known as the "Buckeye State" (relating to the Ohio buckeye tree) and Ohioans are also known as "Buckeyes".
The government of Ohio is composed of the executive branch, led by the Governor; the legislative branch, which comprises the Ohio General Assembly; and the judicial branch, which is led by the Supreme Court. Currently, Ohio occupies 18 seats in the United States House of Representatives. Ohio is known for its status as both a swing state and a bellwether in national elections.
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Osaka
Osaka (大阪, Ōsaka?) listen (help·info) is a city in the Kansai region of Japan's main island of Honshu, a designated city under the Local Autonomy Law, the capital city of Osaka Prefecture and also the biggest part of Keihanshin area, which is represented by three major cities of Japan, Kyoto, Osaka and Kobe. Located at the mouth of the Yodo River on Osaka Bay, Osaka is the third largest city by population after Tokyo (special wards) and Yokohama.
Keihanshin is the second largest area in Japan by population and one of the largest metropolitan areas highly ranked in the world, with nearly 18 million people, and by GDP the second largest area in Japan and the seventh largest area in the world.
Historically the commercial centre of Japan, Osaka functions as one of the command centers for the Japanese economy. The ratio between daytime and night time population is 141%, the highest in Japan, highlighting its status as an economic center. Its nighttime population is 2.6 million, the third in the country, but in daytime the population surges to 3.7 million, second only after Tokyo (combining the Special wards of Tokyo, which is not a single incorporated city, for statistical purposes. See the Tokyo article for more information on the definition and makeup of Tokyo.) Osaka used to be referred to as the "nation's kitchen" (天下の台所, tenka no daidokoro?) in feudal Edo period because it was the centre of trading for rice, creating the first modern futures exchange market in the world.
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Padmanabhanagar
Padmanabhanagar is one of the residential localities in Bangalore, India. It spans 1.68 km2 It is situated in the south of the city, very close the highway leading to Kanakapura. It is surrounded by Kumaraswamy Layout, Chennamanakere, Kathriguppe, Kadirenahalli, Uttarahalli and Chikkakalasandra.
Padmanabhangar is famous for being the locality where JD(S) leader and the former Prime Minister of India H.D. Deve Gowda resides. It is also famous for its educational institutions viz. Carmel School, Prarthana School, Deccan International School to name a few. It is also a constituency in the Karnataka legislative assembly and its MLA is the current Home and Transport Minister, Sri. R. Ashoka.
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Panaji
Panaji /ˈpʌnədʒiː/ (Konkani: पणजी Panaje, pronounced [pɔɳɟĩ], [pɵɳɟiː] ( listen), Marathi पणजी, usually known in English as Panjim) is the capital of the Indian state of Goa. It lies on the banks of the Mandovi estuary, in the district of North Goa. With a population of 65,000 in the city and approximately 100,000 in the metropolitan area, Panaji is Goa's third largest city after Vasco da Gama and Margao.
Panaji means “Land that never floods”. Panaji is the capital of Goa and headquarters of North Goa District, located on the left bank of the Mandovi River, piled up against terraced hills, a jumble of concrete buildings with whimsical balconies and red-tiled roofs, bleached clean churches and a riverside promenade, with red-roofed houses built in Latin style. It also has modern houses, well laid gardens, statues and avenues lined with gulmohar, acacia and other trees. The Baroque church of the Our Lady of Immaculate Conception located overlooking the main square known as Praça da Igreja, pretty villas, cobbled streets and interesting buildings give Panaji a Portuguese ambience.
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Paris
Coordinates: 48°51′24″N 2°21′03″E / 48.8567°N 2.3508°E / 48.8567; 2.3508
Paris (i/ˈpærɨs/; French: [paʁi] ( listen)) is the capital and largest city of France. It is situated on the river Seine, in northern France, at the heart of the Île-de-France region (or Paris Region, French: Région parisienne). As of January 2008 the city of Paris, within its administrative limits (the 20 arrondissements) largely unchanged since 1860, has an estimated population of 2,211,297 and a metropolitan population of 12,089,098, and is one of the most populated metropolitan areas in Europe. Paris was the largest city in the Western world for about 1,000 years, prior to the 19th century, and the largest in the entire world between the 16th and 19th centuries.
Paris is today one of the world's leading business and cultural centres, and its influences in politics, education, entertainment, media, fashion, science, and the arts all contribute to its status as one of the world's major global cities. It hosts the headquarters of many international organizations such as UNESCO, the OECD, the International Chamber of Commerce or the European Space Agency. Paris is considered one of the greenest and most liveable cities in Europe. It is also one of the most expensive.
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Parliament of India
Coordinates: 28°37′2″N 77°12′29″E / 28.61722°N 77.20806°E / 28.61722; 77.20806
The Parliament of India (Hindi: भारत संसद) is the supreme legislative body in India. Founded in 1919, the Parliament alone possesses legislative supremacy and thereby ultimate power over all political bodies in India. The Parliament of India comprises the President of India and the two Houses, Lok Sabha (House of the People) and Rajya Sabha (Council of States). The President has the power to summon and prorogue either House of Parliament or to dissolve Lok Sabha.
The parliament is bicameral, with an upper house called as Council of States or Rajya Sabha, and a lower house called as House of People or Lok Sabha. The two Houses meet in separate chambers in the Sansad Bhavan (located on the Sansad Marg), in New Delhi. The Members of either house are commonly referred to as Members of Parliament or MP. The MPs of Lok Sabha are elected by direct election and the MPs of Rajya Sabha are elected by the members of the State Legislative Assemblies and Union territories of Delhi and Pondicherry only in accordance with proportional voting. The Parliament is composed of 790 MPs, who serve the largest democratic electorate in the world (714 million eligible voters in 2009).
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Patna
Paṭnā /ˈpʌtnə/ ( Hindi pronunciation (help·info)) is the capital of the Indian state of Bihar and the second most populous city in Eastern India. Patna is one of the oldest continuously inhabited places in the world.Ancient Patna, known as Pataliputra, was the capital of the Magadha Empire under the Haryanka, Nanda, Mauryan, Sunga, Gupta, Pala and during the Islamic period the seat of power for the Suri dynasty.
Pataliputra was also a seat of learning and fine arts. Its population during the Maurya period (around 300 BCE) was about 400,000.
The modern city of Patna is situated on the southern bank of the Ganges. The city also straddles the rivers Sone, Gandak and Punpun. The city is approximately 35 km long and 16 km to 18 km wide.
In June 2009, the World Bank ranked Patna in second place in India, after Delhi, in terms of the ease of starting a business. As at 2004-2005, Patna had the highest per capita gross district domestic product in Bihar, at Rs31,441. On the basis of,assumed average annual growth,Patna has been ranked as 21st fastest growing city in the world and 5th fastest growing city in India by City Mayors Foundation.Patna registered average annual growth of 3.72%,for the period of 2006-2010.
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Pattadakal
Pattadakal (Kannada - ಪಟ್ಟದ್ಕಲ್ಲು, Pattadakalu) is a village in Karnataka. It lies on the banks of the Malaprabha River in Bagalkot district. It is 22 km from Badami and about 10 km from Aihole. It is well known for its historic temples.
The group of 8th century CE monuments in Pattadakal are the culmination of the earliest experiments in the vesara style of Hindu temple architecture. The town displays both Dravidian (Southern) and the Nagara (Northern, Indo-Aryan) styles of temple architecture.
UNESCO in 1987 included Pattadakal in its list of World Heritage sites.
Pattadakal (place for Chalukyas Coronation), the capital of the Chalukya dynasty of Southern India, who built the temples in the seventh and eighth centuries. There are ten temples including a Jain sanctuary surrounded by numerous small shrines and plinths. Four temples were built in Dravidian style, four in Nagara style of Northern India and the Papanatha temple in mixed style.
•PATTADAKAL-HISTORY.
•The place is a village and an important tourist centre in the state and is located on the left bank of the Malaprabha River and is 22 km from Badami and 514 km from Bangalore.
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Peenya
Peenya is the name of an industrial area of the Bangalore city in India. It is considered to be one of the largest industrial areas in Asia. Peenya lies on Bangalore - Mangalore Highway ( NH-48 ). It houses small, medium, and large scale industries. The industrial area is known for engineering, electrical goods such as: transformers, motors and generators, textile (silk), hydraulics and machine tool industries. The industrial area was established in late 1970s. Well known companies in India like Wipro Technologies, Kirloskar Group, ABB, Bharat Fritz Werner have their factories at Peenya.
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Peninsular Gneiss
Peninsular Gneiss is a term coined to highlight the older gneissic complex of the metamorphics found all over the Indian Peninsula. This term was first fashioned by W.F.Smeeth of the Mysore Geological Department in 1916 based on the first scientific study of this rock exposure. The Geological Survey of India identified one of the best exposures of this rock mass, protruding high above the ground as a hillock (pictured), dated 2.5 to 3.4 billion years, in the Bangalore city in India at the famous Lalbagh gardens and declared it as a National Geological Monument to propagate the knowledge of the rock formation among the public, since Lalbagh is frequented by visitors from all over the world. It is also called the Lalbagh rock.
As general information, gneiss is a coarse-grained high grade metamorphic rock formed at high pressures and temperatures in which light and dark mineral constituents are segregated into visible bands.
The Archean gneisses and schists, which are the oldest rocks of the Indian Shield, constitute a considerable area of Peninsular India. The Dharwar (Super Group) and the Peninsular Gneissic Complex are the classified groups of the Precambrian rocks of India. The extent of the Archean system is depicted as the dominant system of South India in the pictured Geological Map of India.
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Port Blair
Port Blair (Hindi: पोर्ट ब्लेयर pronunciation (help·info), Tamil: போர்ட் ப்ளேர், Bengali: পোর্ট ব্লেয়ার, ) is the largest town and a municipal council in Andaman district in the Andaman Islands and the capital of the Andaman and Nicobar Islands, a union territory of India. It lies on the east coast of South Andaman Island and is the main entry point to the islands.
Port Blair is the headquarters for the Indian district of South Andaman, and the local administrative sub-division (tehsil), which is also called Port Blair. It is home to several museums and a major base for the Indian Navy and the Indian Coast Guard. It is also the headquarters of the Tri Services Command.
In 1789 the government of Bengal established a penal colony on Chatham Island in the southeast bay of Great Andaman, named Port Blair to honor Lieutenant Archibald Blair of the British East India Company. After two years, the colony moved to the northeast part of Great Andaman and was named Port Cornwallis after Admiral William Cornwallis. However, there was much disease and death in the penal colony, and the government ceased operating it in May 1796.
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Pune
Pune, formerly Poona (pronounced [puɳeː] ( listen)), is the eighth largest metropolis in India, the second largest in the state of Maharashtra after Mumbai, and the largest city in the Western Ghats. Once the centre of power of the Maratha Empire, it is situated 560 metres above sea level on the Deccan plateau at the confluence of the Mula and Mutha rivers. Pune city is the administrative capital of Pune district.
Pune is known to have existed as a town since 937 AD. Pune was originally called Punawadi. In 1730, Pune became an important political center as the seat of the Peshwa, the prime minister of the Chhatrapati of Satara; it was during this era that Pune became the centre of Indian politics. After the town was annexed to British India in 1817, it served as a cantonment town and as the "monsoon capital" of the Bombay Presidency until the independence of India.
Today, Pune is known for its educational facilities and relative prosperity. Pune is the cultural capital of Maharashtra. Pune has well-established manufacturing, glass, sugar, and forging industries since the 1950-60s. It has a growing industrial hinterland, with many information technology and automotive companies setting up factories in Pune district. The city is known for various cultural activities like classical music, spirituality, theatre, sports, and literature. These activities and job opportunities attract migrants and students from all over India and abroad, which makes for a city of many communities and cultures.
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Rajajinagar
Rajajinagar is a residential locality in the west of Bengaluru land . It is bordered by Basaveshwaranagar, Malleshwaram, Mahalakshmipuram, Mahalakshmi Layout, Vijayanagar and Rajajinagar Industrial Suburb. Rajajinagar is divided into two stages, first and second. Rajajinagar 3rd Block was formerly called Yednoor Dinne and 4th Block was formerly called Siddaram Dinne. Rajajinagar 1st stage is further divided into 6 blocks from north to south. The 4th block is further divided into the 4th M block and the 4th N block. The other names of some of the areas constituting Rajajinagar are Subramanyanagar, Kethmaranahalli, Nagapura,Shivanahalli(Shivanagar),Manjunath Nagar, Mariyappanapalya, Prakash Nagar, Srirampuram, etc. The newly constructed four-lane grade separator makes it easy for vehicular traffic to move out of Rajajinagar towards Okalipuram.
Languages spoken: Mainly Kannada, but other regional languages like Telugu and Tamil are also spoken. English and Hindi are also spoken by a small section of the population.
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Rajkot
Rajkot (Gujarati: રાજકોટ Rājkot) is the fourth largest city in the state of Gujarat, India, after Ahmedabad, Surat and Vadodara. Rajkot is the 23rd urban agglomeration in India, with a population more than 1.6 million as on 2012. Rajkot is ranked 22nd in The world's fastest growing cities and urban areas from 2006 to 2020.
Rajkot is a city of Gujarat state in India and administrative headquarters of the Rajkot District, 245 km from the state capital Gandhinagar, located on the banks of the Aji River and Nyari River. Rajkot was the capital of the then Saurashtra state from 15 April 1948 to 31 October 1956 before merging in bilingual Bombay State on 1 November 1956. Rajkot was merged into Gujarat State from bilingual Bombay state on May 1, 1960.
Rajkot has been under many different rulers since it was founded. Rajkot has a long history and played a significant part in Indian independence movement. Rajkot was one of the main trade centre's in Saurashtra.
Rajkot was founded by the then ruler of Sardhar 1607 A.D. on the west bank of Aji River, in the middle of Saurashtra. Vibhaji Ajoji was the grandson of Jam Sataji of Nawanagar, the present day Jamnagar. Rajkot was named in honor of its co-founder.
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Ramanagara
Ramanagara (known as Closepet, after Sir Barry Close (1756–1813), in pre-Independence times and retained in geology) is a town and a city municipal council in the Indian state of Karnataka.It is also the headquarters of Ramanagara district.
Ramanagara is approximately 50 km southwest of Bangalore. It has an average elevation of 747 metres (2450 feet).
As of 2001[update] India census, Ramanagara had a population of 79,365. Males constitute 52% of the population and females 48%. Ramanagara has an average literacy rate of 63%, higher than the national average of 59.5%: male literacy is 67%, and female literacy is 58%. In Ramanagara, 13% of the population is under 6 years of age.
Figures for the district, which was carved out of Bangalore Rural in September 2007, are not available as yet.now its change to Ramanagram District
Ramanagara has educational institutes like Ghousia College of Engineering and Govt Engineering College,B.S.V.P( Bharatiya Samskriti Vidyapith ),Government Women's Polytechnic, MH College of Education, Shantiniketan Group of institution, sharada B Ed, D Ed college etc...........
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Ramanjaneyanagar
Ramanjaneyanagar is a locality belonging to the assembly constituency of Bangalore South (No 176) which is the biggest assembly constituency in Bangalore with 3,79,870 voters. This area is also referred to as Sriramanjaneyanagar.
The name Raamaanjaneyanagar is consisting of two key words: Rama and Anjaneya. Both these originate from the epic Ramayana.
This locality comprising more than 400 houses is being maintained by Bangalore Development Authority (BDA).
The delimitation exercise to expand Bangalore forming "Bruhat Bengaluru Mahanagara Palike" (BBMP) has resulted in identifying 198 Wards and Raamaananeyanagar area comes under the Chikkalsandra Ward (No 183) as per delimitation. This ward has Uttarahalli (Delimited Ward No. 184) and Padmanabhanagar (Delimited Ward No. 182) as neighbors.
Sri M Krishnappa represents this assembly constituency as MLA. Mrs Shobha has been elected as the corporator in the BBMP election that took place in 2010.
Peace loving citizens of this locality have formed "Raamaanjaneyanagar Residents' Welfare Association" which is actively functioning since 2003 for the development of the neighborhood. The association members meet on the first Sunday of every month to discuss about the problems, solutions and overall the welfare of the people around.
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Ranchi
Ranchi /ˈrɑːntʃi/ ( Hindi (help·info)) is the capital of the Indian state of Jharkhand. Jharkhand accounts for 40% of the mineral resources of India. Earlier most of the part in Jharkhand was covered by forest but now due to urbanization trees are cut and forest cover is depleting fast. Since 2011 census Ranchi now is one of the 53 million-plus cities of India and stands as the 46th largest city out of top 53.[citation needed]. Ranchi was the centre of the Jharkhand movement for a separate state for the tribal regions of South Bihar, northern Orissa, Western West Bengal and the present eastern Chhattisgarh. Jharkhand State was formed on 15 November 2000 by carving the Bihar divisions of Chota Nagpur and Santhal Parganas.
The name Ranchi comes from the original Oraon village Archi at the site. Archi derives from the Oraon word for bamboo grove or stave. According to legend, after an altercation with a spirit, a farmer beat the spirit with his bamboo stave or archi. The spirit shouted archi, archi, archi and vanished; Archi became Rachi, and Rachi became Ranchi.. One historically significant neighborhood is Doranda ('duran' 'दुरङ' means song and 'daah' 'दअः' means water in the Mundari language), between the Hinoo (Bhusur) & Harmoo Rivers, where the civil station, treasury and church established by the British Raj were destroyed by rebel forces during the Sepoy Mutiny. The present Purani (old) Ranchi marks the site of the old village of Archi.
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Ranga Shankara
Ranga Shankara is one of Bangalore's well known theatres. It is located in the south Bangalore area of J.P Nagar and is run by the Sanket Trust. The auditorium, which opened in 2004, was envisioned by Arundathi Nag, in remembrance of her late husband, Shankar Nag, who was a renowned actor in the Kannada film industry.
It aims to promote theatre in all languages and prides itself in lending out the space at an extremely low fare. It follows an at least “a play a day” policy, six days a week (except on Mondays). Its annual theatre festival brings to the city plays from across the country, giving the audience a good spread to choose from. Over 2,700 performances have been staged since inception, most of them in Kannada, though there have been plays in 20 other languages too.
Shankar Nag's dream was to create a vibrant, affordable, inclusive space for theatre and theatre lovers in the city of Bangalore. After Shankar’s tragic death in 1990, Sanket Trust, with the help of friends and lovers of theatre from all over the country, worked towards building Ranga Shankara, a premier theatre in Bangalore In 1994, the Government allotted a plot of land reserved for civic amenities, at JP Nagar, to the trust, on a 30-year lease. However due to lack of funds, construction only started in 2001. The entire cost of the project of around
3 crores. was raised through contributions, ranging from 5 from ordinary theatre lovers to big sums from industrialists. The Ranga shankara complex was designed by architect Sharukh Mistry and it was opened to the public on 28 October 2004.
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Rio de Janeiro
Rio de Janeiro ( /ˈriːoʊ deɪ ʒəˈnɛəroʊ/ or /ˈriːoʊ deɪ dʒəˈnɛəroʊ/; Brazilian Portuguese: [ˈʁi.u dʒi ʒaˈnejɾu],River of January), commonly referred to simply as Rio, is the capital city of the State of Rio de Janeiro, the second largest city of Brazil, and the third largest metropolitan area and agglomeration in South America, boasting approximately 6.3 million people within the city proper, making it the 6th largest in the Americas, and 26th in the world.
The city was the capital of Brazil for nearly two centuries, from 1763 to 1815 during the Portuguese colonial era, 1815 to 1821 as the capital of the United Kingdom of Portugal, Brazil and Algarves, and 1822 to 1960 as an independent nation. Rio is nicknamed the Cidade Maravilhosa or "Marvelous City."
Rio de Janeiro represents the second largest GDP in the country (and 30th largest in the world in 2008), estimated at about R$ 343 billion (IBGE/2008) (nearly US$ 201 billion), and is the headquarters of two major Brazilian companies – Petrobras and Vale, and major oil companies and telephony in Brazil, besides the largest conglomerate of media and communications companies in Latin America, the Globo Organizations. The home of many universities and institutes, it is the second largest center of research and development in Brazil, accounting for 17% of national scientific production – according to 2005 data.
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Ruhr
The Ruhr (German Ruhrgebiet, colloquial Ruhrpott, Kohlenpott, Pott or Revier), is an urban area in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. With a population density of 7100/km² and a population of some 7.3 million, it is the largest urban agglomeration in Germany. It consists of several large, formerly industrial cities bordered by the rivers Ruhr to the south, Rhine to the west, and Lippe to the north. In the Southwest it borders to the Bergisches Land. It is considered part of the larger Rhine-Ruhr metropolitan region of more than 12 million people.
Since the Ruhr is polycentric, coordinates shown are general in nature and so can be used to focus on the entire region of the Ruhr: 51°30′N 7°30′E / 51.5°N 7.5°E / 51.5; 7.5.
From west to east, the region includes the cities of Duisburg, Oberhausen, Bottrop, Mülheim an der Ruhr, Essen, Gelsenkirchen, Bochum, Herne, Hagen, Dortmund, and Hamm, as well as parts of the more "rural" districts Wesel, Recklinghausen, Unna and Ennepe-Ruhr-Kreis. Historically, the western Ruhr towns, such as Duisburg and Essen, belonged to the historic region of the Rhineland, whereas the eastern part of the Ruhr, including Gelsenkirchen, Bochum, Dortmund and Hamm, were part of the region of Westphalia. Since the 19th century, these districts have grown together into a large complex with a vast industrial landscape, inhabited by some 7.3 million people (when including Düsseldorf and Wuppertal). It is the fifth largest urban area in Europe after Istanbul, Moscow, London and Paris.
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Sahakara nagar
Sahakara Nagar (Kannada: ಸಹಕಾರ ನಗರ) is a residential suburb in Bangalore, India. Ever since the inclusion of 45 new wards to Bangalore city in 2008, Sahakara Nagar comes under the BBMP(Bruhat Bengaluru Mahanagara Palike) limits. The locality is accessible via NH 7 on the east. Sahakara Nagar was formed in the early 80's as a co-operative society for Telecom and Post & Telegraph employees of the Government of India.
Sahakara Nagar comes in parts, under both Byatarayanapura and Kodigehalli wards of the BBMP, and is flanked by Hebbal, Vidyaranyapura and Kempapura. NCBS(National Centre for Biological Sciences), a premier research institute is located adjacent to the layout. Jakkur airfield & pilot training academy as well as the famous Bhupati Tennis Village is also located nearby. Real estate prices have skyrocketed since the opening of the new Bengaluru International Airport(BIAL) located about 27 km north of Sahakara Nagar.
Sahakar Nagar is subdivided into Six blocks, Block A to Block F.
Sahakara Nagar is well serviced by the BMTC and has buses from major Bus stations every 15 minutes.
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San Francisco
San Francisco (/ˌsæn frənˈsɪskoʊ/), officially the City and County of San Francisco, is the financial, cultural, and transportation center of the San Francisco Bay Area, a region of 7.6 million people which includes San Jose and Oakland. The only consolidated city-county in California, it encompasses a land area of about 46.9 square miles (121 km2) on the northern end of the San Francisco Peninsula, giving it a density of about 17,179 people per square mile (6,632 people per km2). It is the most densely settled large city (population greater than 200,000) in the state of California and the second-most densely populated large city in the United States after New York City. San Francisco is the fourth most populous city in California and the 13th most populous city in the United States, with a population of 805,235 as of the 2010 Census. The San Francisco-Oakland-Fremont metropolitan area has a population of 4,335,391.
In 1776, colonists from Spain established a fort at the Golden Gate and a mission named for Francis of Assisi a few miles away. The California Gold Rush of 1849 propelled the city into a period of rapid growth, increasing the population in one year from 1,000 to 25,000, and thus transforming it into the largest city on the West Coast at the time. After three-quarters of the city was destroyed by the 1906 earthquake and fire, San Francisco was quickly rebuilt, hosting the Panama-Pacific International Exposition nine years later. During World War II, San Francisco was the port of embarkation for service members shipping out to the Pacific Theater. After the war, the confluence of returning servicemen, massive immigration, liberalizing attitudes, and other factors led to the Summer of Love and the gay rights movement, cementing San Francisco as a center of liberal activism in the United States.
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Sanjaynagar
Sanjaynagar is a residential area located in north Bangalore, India. Established in the late seventies, it is now a sprawling locality in Bangalore. Sanjaynagar comprises many colonies, established by the employees associations of N.G.E.F., H.A.L., C.I.L., alike. Till date this remains in the vocabulary of the locals.
Sanjaynagar is well connected to technical institutions such as M. S. Ramiah Engineering, Ragiv Gandhi Institute Of Technology and hospital, and Indian Institute of Science.
Coordinates: 13°2′13.82″N 77°34′55.41″E / 13.0371722°N 77.5820583°E / 13.0371722; 77.5820583
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Santiago
Santiago (Spanish: Santiago de Chile (help·info)), also Santiago de Chile, is the capital and largest city of Chile, and the center of its largest conurbation (Greater Santiago). It is located in the country's central valley, at an elevation of 520 m (1,706.04 ft) above mean sea level. Although Santiago is the capital, the National Congress of Chile meets in the coastal town of Valparaíso, 120 km to the west.
Chile's steady economic growth has transformed Santiago into Latin America's most modern metropolitan area, with extensive suburban development, dozens of shopping centers, and impressive high-rise architecture. It has a very modern transport infrastructure, including the steadily growing underground Santiago Metro, an effort at modernizing public bus transport and a free flow toll-based ring road and inner city highway system, part of which is tunneled underneath a large section of the city's main river Mapocho connecting the Eastern and Western end of the city in a 25-minute drive. Santiago is the regional headquarters to many multinationals and a financial center.
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Seoul
Seoul (Korean pronunciation: [sʌ.ul] ( listen), English /soʊl/), officially the Seoul Special City, is the capital and largest metropolis of South Korea. A megacity with a population of over 10 million, it is the largest city proper in the OECD developed world. The Seoul National Capital Area is the world's second largest metropolitan area with over 25 million inhabitants, which includes the surrounding Incheon metropolis and Gyeonggi province. Almost a quarter of South Koreans live in Seoul, half of South Koreans live in the metropolitan area, along with over 275,000 international residents.
Located in the Han River, Seoul has been a major settlement for over 2,000 years, with its foundation dating back to 18 B.C. when Baekje, one of the Three Kingdoms of Korea, established its capital in what is now south-east Seoul. It continued as the capital of Korea during the Joseon Dynasty and the Korean Empire. The Seoul National Capital Area is home to four UNESCO World Heritage Sites: Changdeokgung, Hwaseong Fortress, Jongmyo Shrine and the Royal Tombs of the Joseon Dynasty.
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Shanghai
Shanghai is the largest city by population of the People's Republic of China (PRC) and the largest city proper by population in the world. It is one of the four province-level municipalities of the PRC, with a total population of over 23 million as of 2010. It is a global city, with influence in commerce, culture, finance, media, fashion, technology, and transport. It is a major financial center and the busiest container port in the world.
Located in the Yangtze River Delta in eastern China, Shanghai sits at the mouth of the Yangtze River in the middle portion of the Chinese coast. The municipality borders Jiangsu and Zhejiang Provinces to the west, and is bounded to the east by the East China Sea.
Once a fishing and textiles town, Shanghai grew in importance in the 19th century due to European recognition of its favorable port location and economic potential. The city was one of several opened to foreign trade following the British victory over China in the first opium war and the subsequent 1842 Treaty of Nanking which allowed the establishment of the Shanghai International Settlement. The city then flourished as a center of commerce between east and west, and became the undisputed financial hub of the Asia Pacific in the 1930s. However, with the Communist Party takeover of the mainland in 1949, the city's international influence declined. In the 1990s, the economic reforms introduced by Deng Xiaoping resulted in an intense re-development of the city, aiding the return of finance and foreign investment to the city.
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Shenzhen
Shenzhen (Mandarin pronunciation: [ʂə́ntʂə̂n]) is a major city in the south of Southern China's Guangdong Province, situated immediately north of Hong Kong. The area became China's first—and one of the most successful—Special Economic Zones (SEZs). It currently also holds sub-provincial administrative status, with powers slightly less than a province.
Shenzhen's modern cityscape is the result of the vibrant economy made possible by rapid foreign investment since the institution of the policy of "reform and opening" establishment of the SEZ in the late 1979, before which it was only a small village. Both Chinese and foreign nationals have invested enormous amount of money in the Shenzhen SEZ. More than US$30 billion in foreign investment has gone into both foreign-owned and joint ventures, at first mainly in manufacturing but more recently in the service industries as well. Shenzhen is now reputedly considered as one of the fastest-growing cities in the world.
Being southern mainland China's major financial centre, Shenzhen is home to the Shenzhen Stock Exchange as well as the headquarters of numerous high-tech companies. Shenzhen is also the third-busiest container port in China, after Shanghai and Hong Kong.
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Shillong
Shillong, India (Khasi: Shillong) is the capital of Meghalaya, one of the smallest states in India and home to the Khasis. It is also the headquarters of the East Khasi Hills district and is situated at an average altitude of 4,908 feet (1,496 m) above sea level, with the highest point being Shillong Peak at 6,449 feet (1,966 m). The city had a population of 314,610 according to the 2011 census. It is said that the rolling hills around the town reminded the European settlers of Scotland. Hence, Shillong is also known as "Scotland of the East." Shillong has steadily grown in size and significance since it was made the civil station of the Khasi and Jaintia Hills in 1864 by the British. In 1874, on the formation of Assam as a Chief Commissioner's Province, it was chosen as the headquarters of the new administration because of its convenient location between the Brahmaputra and Surma valleys and more so because the climate of Shillong was much cooler than tropical India. Shillong remained the capital of undivided Assam until the creation of the new state of Meghalaya on 21 January 1972, when Shillong became the capital of Meghalaya and Assam moved its capital to Dispur in Guwahati.
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Shimla
Shimla /ˈʃɪmlə/ (Hindi: शिमला [ˈʃɪmlaː] ( listen)), formerly known as Simla, is the capital city of Himachal Pradesh. In 1864, Shimla was declared the summer capital of the British Raj in India. A popular tourist destination, Shimla is often referred to as the "Queen of Hills," a term coined by the British. Located in the north-west Himalayas at an average altitude of 2,205 metres (7,234 ft), the city of Shimla, draped in forests of pine, rhododendron, and oak, experiences pleasant summers and cold, snowy winters. The city is famous for its buildings styled in 'Tudorbethan' and neo-Gothic architecture dating from the colonial era. Shimla is connected to the city of Kalka by one of the longest narrow gauge railway routes still operating in India, the Kalka-Shimla Railway. Shimla is approximately 145 km (90 mi) from Mandi, 100 km (62 mi) from Chandigarh, the nearest major city, and 365 km (227 mi) from New Delhi, the national capital. The city is named after the goddess Shyamala Devi, an incarnation of the Hindu Goddess Kali.
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Silicon Valley
Silicon Valley refers to the southern part of the San Francisco Bay Area in Northern California in the United States. The region is home to many of the world's largest technology corporations. The term originally referred to the region's large number of silicon chip innovators and manufacturers, but eventually came to refer to all the high-tech businesses in the area; it is now generally used as a metonym for the American high-tech sector. Despite the development of other high-tech economic centers throughout the United States and the world, Silicon Valley continues to be the leading hub for high-tech innovation and development, accounting for one-third (1/3) of all of the venture capital investment in the United States. Geographically, the Silicon Valley encompasses all of the Santa Clara Valley including the city of San Jose (and adjacent communities), the southern Peninsula Valley, and the southern East Bay.
The term Silicon Valley was coined by Ralph Vaerst, a successful Central California entrepreneur. Its first published use is credited to Don Hoefler, a friend of Vaerst's, who used the phrase as the title of a series of articles in the weekly trade newspaper Electronic News. The series, entitled "Silicon Valley in the USA," began in the paper's issue dated January 11, 1971. Valley refers to the Santa Clara Valley, located at the southern end of San Francisco Bay, while Silicon refers to the high concentration of companies involved in the semiconductor (silicon is used to create most semiconductors commercially) and computer industries that were concentrated in the area. These firms slowly replaced the orchards which gave the area its initial nickname, the Valley of Heart's Delight.
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Silvassa
Silvassa (Marathi: सिल्वासा (help·info), Gujarati: સેલ્વાસ) is the capital of the Indian Union Territory of Dadra and Nagar Haveli.
The city has a large number of factories and industries providing significant government revenue, which allows the city to maintain a low level of taxation.
Silvassa is located at 20°16′N 73°01′E / 20.27°N 73.02°E / 20.27; 73.02. It has an average elevation of 32 metres (104 ft).
As of 2001 India census, Silvassa had a population of 21,890. Males constitute 57% of the population and females 43%. Silvassa has an average literacy rate of 75%, higher than the national average of 59.5%: male literacy is 80%, and female literacy is 68%. In Silvassa, 15% of the population is under 6 years of age. Marathi and Gujarati are the main languages spoken.
Silvassa is also considered to be the home of Warli culture. Warli is the language spoken by the Warli people which is basically a mixture of Marathi and Gujarati languages with a local twist.
The Bollywood movie Phool aur Kante was shot in Silvassa.
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South India
South India is the area encompassing India's states of Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka, Kerala and Tamil Nadu as well as the union territories of Lakshadweep and Pondicherry, occupying 19.31% of India's area (635780 km² or 245476.030 mi²). The region is also known as Dravida as is used in the National anthem.
South India lies in the peninsular Deccan Plateau and is bounded by the Arabian Sea in the west, the Indian Ocean in the south and the Bay of Bengal in the east. The geography of the region is diverse, encompassing two mountain ranges, the Western and Eastern Ghats, and a plateau heartland. The Godavari, Krishna, Tungabhadra and Kaveri rivers are important non-perennial sources of water.
A majority of Indians from the southern region speak one of the Dravidian languages: Kannada, Malayalam, Tamil, Telugu, Tulu, and Kodava. During its history, a number of dynastic kingdoms ruled over parts of South India whose invasions across southern and southeastern Asia impacted the history and cultures of modern sovereign states such as Sri Lanka, Singapore, the Philippines, Indonesia, Thailand and Malaysia. The region was colonised by Britain and gradually incorporated into the British Empire.
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Srinagar
Srinagar /sriˈnɑːɡər/ ( Hindi pronunciation (help·info)) is the summer capital of the Indian state of Jammu and Kashmir. It is situated in the Kashmir Valley and lies on the banks of the Jhelum River, a tributary of the Indus. The city is famous for its gardens, lakes and houseboats. It is also known for traditional Kashmiri handicrafts and dry fruits.
Etymologically Srinagar is composed of two Sanskrit words, śrī (venerable) and nagar, which means "city". One theory of the origin of the name is that a Pandava King Ashoka (not to be confused with the Mauryan Emperor Ashoka) built the city of Srinagari (Srinagar). Another theory is that Mauryan Emperor Ashoka founded the original city of Srinagar, then situated on the site of the present village of Pandrathan, 5 km to the north of the existing capital.
Srinagar has a long history, dating back at least to the 3rd century BC, and has been known by different names. The city was founded by the King Pravarasena II over 2,000 years ago, named it Parvasenpur. The city was then a part of the Maurya Empire, one of the largest empires of the Indian subcontinent. Ashoka introduced Buddhism to the Kashmir valley, and the adjoining regions around the city became a centre of Buddhism. In the 1st century, the region was under the control of Kushans and several rulers of this dynasty strengthened the Buddhist tradition. Vikramaditya (of Ujjain) and his successors probably ruled the regions just before the city fell to the control of the Huns in the 6th century, and Mihirkula was the most dreaded ruler of the city and the valley.
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Srirangapatna
Srirangapatna (also spelled Shrirangapattana; anglicized to Seringapatam during the British Raj) is a town in Mandya district of the Indian state of Karnataka. It is located near the city of Mysore and is of great religious, cultural and historic importance.
Although situated a mere 19 km from Mysore city, Srirangapattana lies in the neighbouring district of Mandya. The entire town is enclosed by the river Kaveri to form a river island, northern half of which is shown in the image to the right. While the main river flows on the eastern side of the island, the Paschima Vaahini segment of the same river flows to its west. The town is easily accessible by train from Bangalore and Mysore and is also well-connected by road, lying as it does just off the Bangalore-Mysore highway. The highway passes through this town and special care was taken to minimize any impact on the monuments here.
The town takes its name from the celebrated Ranganathaswamy temple which dominates the town, making Srirangapattana one of the most important Vaishnavite centers of pilgrimage in south India. The temple was built by the Ganga dynasty rulers of the area in the 9th century; the structure was strengthened and improved upon architecturally some three centuries later. Thus, the temple is a medley of the Hoysala and Vijayanagar styles of temple architecture.
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São Paulo
São Paulo (/ˌsaʊ ˈpaʊloʊ/; Portuguese pronunciation: [sɐ̃w ˈpawlu] ( listen); Saint Paul;), popularly known as Sampa, is the largest city in Brazil, the largest city in the southern hemisphere and Americas, and the world's seventh largest city by population. The metropolis is anchor to the São Paulo metropolitan area, ranked as the second most populous metropolitan area in the Americas and among the five largest metropolitan areas on the planet. São Paulo is the capital of the state of São Paulo, which is the most populous Brazilian state, and exerts strong regional influence in commerce and finance as well as arts and entertainment. São Paulo maintains strong international influence and is considered an Alpha- World City. The name of the city honors Saint Paul.
The metropolis has significant cultural, economic and political influence both nationally and internationally. It houses several important monuments, parks and museums such as the Latin American Memorial, the Museum of the Portuguese Language, São Paulo Museum of Art and the Ibirapuera Park. The Paulista Avenue is the most important financial center of São Paulo. The city holds many high profile events, like the São Paulo Art Biennial, the Brazil Grand Prix Formula 1 Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo Fashion Week, ATP Brasil Open, and the São Paulo Indy 300.
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Taipei
Taipei City (/ˌtaɪˈpeɪ/; [tʰǎipèi]; Chinese: 臺北市 or 台北市; pinyin: Táiběi Shì) is the capital of the Republic of China (Taiwan). Situated at the northern tip of the island of Taiwan, Taipei is located on the Tamsui River; it is about 25 km southwest of Keelung, a port city on the Pacific Ocean. It lies in the two relatively narrow valleys of the Keelung (基隆河) and Xindian (新店溪) rivers, which join to form the Tamsui River along the city's western border. The city proper (Taipei City) is home to an estimated 2,618,772 people. Taipei, New Taipei, and Keelung together form the Taipei metropolitan area with a population of 6,900,273. However, they are administered under different local governing bodies. "Taipei" sometimes refers to the whole metropolitan area, while "Taipei City" refers to the city proper. Taipei City proper is surrounded on all sides by New Taipei.
Taipei is the political, economic, and cultural center of Taiwan. The National Palace Museum which has one of the largest collections of Chinese artifacts and artworks in the world is located in Taipei. Considered to be a global city, Taipei is part of a major industrial area. Railways, high speed rail, highways, airports, and bus lines connect Taipei with all parts of the island. The city is served by two airports – Taipei Songshan and Taiwan Taoyuan.
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Tehran
Tehran ( pronunciation (help·info)) (Persian: تهران Tehrān; pronounced [tehˈɾɒːn]), sometimes spelled Teheran, is the capital of Iran and Tehran Province. With an estimated population of 8,429,807; it is also Iran's largest urban area and city, the largest city in Western Asia, one of the largest in Southern Asia, and the 19th-largest city globally.
In the 20th century, Tehran was subject to mass-migration of people from all around Iran. The city is home to many historic mosques, churches, synagogues and Zoroastrian fire temples. Contemporary Tehran is a modern city featuring many structures, of which the Azadi (Freedom) Tower and the Milad Tower have come to be symbols of Tehran itself. In 2008 Tehran was the least expensive capital in the world and the second-least expensive city globally based on the cost-of-living index presenting the best value for money in the world. Globally it stands 19th by city population, 56th by the size of its GDP and 29th by the population of its metropolitan area. Throughout Iran's history, the capital city has been relocated many times, with Tehran being the 32nd national capital of Iran. Persian is the city's native tongue, with roughly 98% of the population able to speak and understand it. The majority of people in Tehran identify themselves as Persians. In pre-Islamic and early Islamic times, Tehran was called Ray (which in the Avesta occurs in the form of Ragha)[citation needed].
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Texas Instruments
Coordinates: 32°54′33″N 96°45′04″W / 32.909256°N 96.751054°W / 32.909256; -96.751054
Texas Instruments Inc. (NASDAQ: TXN), known as TI, is an American company based in Dallas, Texas, United States, which develops and commercializes semiconductor and computer technology. TI is the third largest manufacturer of semiconductors worldwide after Intel and Samsung, the second largest supplier of chips for cellular handsets after Qualcomm, and the largest producer of digital signal processors (DSPs) and analog semiconductors, among a wide range of other semiconductor products, including calculators, microcontrollers and multi-core processors.
Texas Instruments was founded in 1951. It emerged after a reorganization of Geophysical Service. This company manufactured equipment for use in the seismic industry as well as defense electronics. TI researched infrared technology in the late 1950s and later made transistors, including the world's first workable silicon transistor, radar systems, guidance and control systems for both missiles and bombs. In 1954, Texas Instruments designed and manufactured the first transistor radio and Jack Kilby invented the integrated circuit in 1958 while working at TI's Central Research Labs. The company produced the first integrated circuit-based computer for the U.S. Air Force in 1961. The hand-held calculator was introduced to the world by TI in 1967.
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Thiruvananthapuram
Thiruvananthapuram,[needs IPA]known in English as Trivandrum /trɨˈvændrəm/, is the capital of the Indian state of Kerala and the headquarters of the Thiruvananthapuram District. It is located on the west coast of India near the extreme south of the mainland. Referred to by Mahatma Gandhi as the "Evergreen city of India", the city is characterized by its undulating terrain of low coastal hills and busy commercial alleys. With more than 750,000 inhabitants in the city proper, and a population around 1.68 million when including the wider urban agglomeration, Thiruvananthapuram is the largest and most populous city in Kerala. It is an IT hub of the state with over 80% of the state's software exports.
The city houses several central and state government offices and organizations. Apart from being the political nerve centre of Kerala, it is also a major academic hub and is home to several educational institutions including the University of Kerala, and to many science and technology institutions, the most prominent being the Vikram Sarabhai Space Centre (VSSC), Technopark, the Indian Institute of Space Science and Technology (IIST), the Indian Institute of Information Technology and Management, Kerala,Indian Institute of Science, Education and Research (IISER), the Centre for Development Studies, the International Centre for Free and Open Source Software (ICFOSS), the Regional Research Laboratory, the Centre for Earth Science Studies, Rajeev Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology and the Sree Chithira Thirunal Institute for Medical Science and Technology. It is also considered as one of the 10 greenest cities in India. Thiruvananthapuram was ranked as the best city in Kerala to live in by a recent Times of India survey
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Thrissur
Thrissur pronunciation (help·info) (Malayalam: തൃശൂര്), originally Thrisivaperoor and previously known by its anglicized form as Trichur, is the fifth largest city, the third largest urban agglomeration in Kerala (Pop. 1,854,783) and the 20th largest in India. It is also the headquarters of the Thrissur District. Thrissur city is built around a 65-acre (26 ha) hillock called the Thekkinkadu Maidan which seats the Vadakkumnathan temple. Thrissur was once the capital of the Kingdom of Cochin. It is located 300 kilometres (186 mi) towards north-west of the state capital Thiruvananthapuram.
Thrissur is also known as the Cultural Capital of Kerala because of its cultural, spiritual and religious leanings throughout history. It houses the Kerala Sangeetha Nadaka Academy, Kerala Lalita Kala Akademi and Kerala Sahitya Academy. The city hosts the Thrissur Pooram festival, the most colourful and spectacular temple festival in Kerala. The festival is held at the Thekkinkadu Maidan in April or May. Thrissur has a large number of well-known temples including the Thiruvambadi Sri Krishna Temple, Vadakkumnathan temple and Paramekkavu temple, as well as two famous churches, the Our Lady of Lourdes Metropolitan Cathedral and the Basilica of Our Lady of Dolours.
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Tianjin
Tianjin (help·info) (Chinese: 天津; pinyin: Tiānjīn; Mandarin pronunciation: [tʰjɛ́ntɕín]; Tianjinese: /tʰiɛn˨˩tɕin˨˩/~[tʰjɛ̃̀ɦɪ̀ŋ]; Postal map spelling: Tientsin) is a metropolis in northern China and one of the five national central cities of the People's Republic of China. It is governed as a direct-controlled municipality, one of four such designations, and is, thus, under direct administration of the central government. Tianjin borders Hebei Province and Beijing Municipality, bounded to the east by the Bohai Gulf portion of the Yellow Sea.
As a dual-core city, Tianjin is divided into the old city and the Binhai New Area. Binhai New Area is a new growth pole in China, and it maintains an annual growth rate of nearly 30% of the GDP. As of the end of 2010, 285 Fortune Global 500 companies have established branch offices in Binhai. It is a base of China's advanced industry, financial reform, and innovation.
In terms of urban population, it is the sixth-largest city of the People's Republic of China, and its urban land area (Binhai New Area is not included) ranks fifth in the nation after Beijing, Shanghai, Wuhan and Guangzhou. Tianjin's urban area is located along the Hai River, which connects to the Yellow and Yangtze Rivers via the Grand Canal in Tianjin. Tianjin was once home to foreign concessions in the late Qing Dynasty and early Kuomintang (KMT) era. The municipality incorporates the coastal region of Tanggu, home to the Binhai New Area and the Tianjin Economic-Technological Development Area (TEDA).
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Tiruchirappalli
Tiruchirappalli ((tiruccirāppaḷḷi) pronunciation (help·info)) (spelt as Trichinopoly in the records of British India), also called Tiruchi or Trichy, is a city in the Indian state of Tamil Nadu and the administrative headquarters of Tiruchirappalli District. It is the fourth largest municipal corporation in Tamil Nadu and also the fourth largest urban agglomeration in the state.
The city is believed to be of significant antiquity and has been ruled, at different times, by the Early Cholas, Early Pandyas, Pallavas, Medieval Cholas, Later Cholas, Later Pandyas, Delhi Sultanate, Madurai Sultanate, Vijayanagar Empire, Nayak Dynasty, the Carnatic state and the British. The archaeologically important town of Uraiyur which served as the capital of the Early Cholas is a suburb of Tiruchirappalli. Tiruchirappalli played a critical role in the Carnatic Wars between the British and the French East India companies. The city has a number of historical monuments, the Rockfort, Ranganathaswamy temple at Srirangam and the Jambukeswarar temple at Thiruvanaikaval being the most prominent among them.
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Tokyo
Tokyo (東京, Tōkyō?, "Eastern Capital") [toːkʲoː], English /ˈtoʊki.oʊ/; officially Tokyo Metropolis (東京都, Tōkyō-to?), is one of the 47 prefectures of Japan. Tokyo is the capital of Japan, the center of the Greater Tokyo Area, and the largest metropolitan area of the world. It is the seat of the Japanese government and the Imperial Palace, and the home of the Japanese Imperial Family. Tokyo is in the Kantō region on the southeastern side of the main island Honshu and includes the Izu Islands and Ogasawara Islands. Tokyo Metropolis was formed in 1943 from the merger of the former Tokyo Prefecture (東京府, Tōkyō-fu?) and the city of Tokyo (東京市, Tōkyō-shi?).
The Tokyo Metropolitan government administers the 23 special wards of Tokyo (each governed as a city), which cover the area that was the city of Tokyo, as well as 39 municipalities in the western part of the prefecture and the two outlying island chains. The population of the special wards is over 8 million people, with the total population of the prefecture exceeding 13 million. The prefecture is part of the world's most populous metropolitan area with upwards of 35 million people and the world's largest urban agglomeration economy with a GDP of US$1.479 trillion at purchasing power parity in 2008, ahead of New York City metropolitan area, which ranks second on the list. The city hosts 47 of the Fortune Global 500 companies, the highest amount of any city.
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Toronto
Toronto (/təˈrɒntoʊ/, colloquially /ˈtrɒnoʊ/) is the largest city in Canada and the provincial capital of Ontario. It is located in Southern Ontario on the northwestern shore of Lake Ontario. A relatively modern city, Toronto's history dates back to the late-18th century, when its land was first purchased by the British monarchy from the Mississaugas of the New Credit. The settlement was later established as the Town of York and proclaimed as the new capital of Upper Canada by its lieutenant-governor, John Graves Simcoe. In 1834, York was incorporated as a city and renamed to its present name. The city was ransacked in the Battle of York during the War of 1812 and damaged in two great fires in 1849 and in 1904. Since its incorporation, Toronto has repeatedly expanded its borders through amalgamation with surrounding municipalities, most recently in 1998.
With over 2.6 million residents, it is the fifth most populous city in North America. Its metropolitan area has over 5.5 million residents. Toronto is at the heart of the Greater Toronto Area (GTA), and is part of a densely populated region in Southern Ontario known as the Golden Horseshoe, which has a population of nearly 9 million people as of 2011. The census metropolitan area (CMA) had a population of 5,583,064, and the Greater Toronto Area had a population of 6,054,191 in the 2011 Census. Its cosmopolitan and international population reflects its role as an important destination for immigrants to Canada. Toronto is one of the world's most diverse cities by percentage of non-native-born residents, with about 49% of the population born outside Canada. Toronto is also consistently rated as one of the world's most livable cities by the Economist Intelligence Unit and the Mercer Quality of Living Survey.
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UB City
UB City is the biggest commercial property project in Bangalore, India. Pioneered by the chairman of UB Group, Dr.Vijay Mallya , in Joint Venture with Prestige Group , it is built on 13 acres (53,000 m2) of land and hosts 1,000,000 sq ft (93,000 m2) of high-end commercial, retail and service apartment space. UB City has four towers namely, UB Tower (19 Floors), Comet (11 Floors), Canberra (17 Floors) and Concorde (19 Floors).
UB City is located in the heart of Bangalore. It stands at the corner of Vittal Mallya Road and Kasturba Road, just 600 metres away from Bangalore's commercial hub, M. G. Road.
UB City has four towers namely, UB Tower (19 Floors), Comet (11 Floors), Canberra (17 Floors) and Concorde (19 Floors). The later three towers are all named after aircraft. UB City will house the Group offices under one roof - UB Tower. Concorde & Canberra will have retail space on the lower floors and office space in the higher levels, while Comet will have serviced apartments. It will house commercial offices, banks, high-end retail stores, a five star hotel, serviced apartments, restaurants, food courts, pubs, health clubs and cafes. Multi-level parking areas will offer virtually unlimited parking spaces. Also on the blueprint is an amphitheatre with food courts and landscaped gardens. UB City will provide parking space for over 1,100 cars. Being an environment friendly project and keeping in mind the green surroundings of Cubbon Park, one-third of the space has been earmarked for landscaped gardens.
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United States
The United States of America (commonly abbreviated to the United States, the U.S., the USA, America, and the States) is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district. The country is situated mostly in central North America, where its forty-eight contiguous states and Washington, D.C., the capital district, lie between the Pacific and Atlantic Oceans, bordered by Canada to the north and Mexico to the south. The state of Alaska is in the northwest of the continent, with Canada to the east and Russia to the west, across the Bering Strait. The state of Hawaii is an archipelago in the mid-Pacific. The country also possesses several territories in the Pacific and Caribbean.
At 3.79 million square miles (9.83 million km2) and with over 312 million people, the United States is the third or fourth largest country by total area, and the third largest by both land area and population. It is one of the world's most ethnically diverse and multicultural nations, the product of large-scale immigration from many countries. The U.S. economy is the world's largest national economy, with an estimated 2011 GDP of $15.1 trillion (22% of nominal global GDP and over 19% of global GDP at purchasing-power parity). Per capita income is the world's sixth-highest.
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Uttarahalli
Uttarahalli is a suburb of Bangalore in the Indian state of Karnataka.
As of 2001[update] India census, Uttarahalli had a population of 10,467. Males constitute 52% of the population and females 48%. Uttarahalli has an average literacy rate of 67%, higher than the national average of 59.5%: male literacy is 73%, and female literacy is 61%. In Uttarahalli, 13% of the population is under 6 years of age. It was India's largest electoral constituency
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Vadodara
Vadodara, formerly known as Baroda, is the third largest and most populated city in the Indian State of Gujarat, after Ahmedabad and Surat. Historical and archaeological findings date this place back to the 9th century when it was a small town called Ankottaka (present Akota) located on the right bank of the river Vishvamitri (whose name is derived from the great saint Rishi Vishwamitra). Ankottaka was a famous centre of Jainism in the 5th and 6th century AD. Some of the Akota bronze images can be seen in the Vadodara Museum. The city was once called Chandanavati after its ruler Raja Chandan of Dor tribe of Rajputs, who wrested it from the Jains. The capital had also another name "Virakshetra" or "Virawati" (a land of warriors). Later on it was known as Vadpatraka or Wadodará, which according to tradition is a corrupt form of the Sanskrit word Vatodar means 'in the heart of the banyan tree'. It is now almost impossible to ascertain when the various changes in the name were made; but early English travellers and merchants mention the town as Brodera, and it is from this that the name Baroda is derived. Again in 1974 the name changed to Vadodara.
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Varanasi
Varanasi Hindustani pronunciation: [ʋaːˈraːɳəsi] ( listen)), also commonly known as Banaras or Benaras (Banāras [bəˈnaːrəs] ( listen)) and Kashi, Kāśī [ˈkaːʃi] ( listen)), is a city situated on the banks of the River Ganges in the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh, 320 kilometres (199 mi) southeast of state capital Lucknow. It is regarded as a holy city by Hindus, Buddhists and Jains. It is one of the oldest continuously inhabited cities in the world and the oldest in India.
The Kashi Naresh (Maharaja of Kashi) is the chief cultural patron of Varanasi and an essential part of all religious celebrations. The culture of Varanasi is closely associated with the River Ganges and the river's religious importance. The city has been a cultural and religious centre in North India for several thousand years. The Benares Gharana form of the Indian classical music developed in Varanasi, and many prominent Indian philosophers, poets, writers, and musicians resided or reside in Varanasi. Gautama Buddha gave his first sermon at Sarnath located near Varanasi (Kashi).
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Varthur
Varthur (Kannada: ವರ್ತೂರು) is a suburb situated in the Eastern periphery of Bangalore City and part of the internationally famous Whitefield township. Varthur was a Hobli, but now a part of Bruhat Bengaluru Mahanagara Palike. Varthur was a Legislative Assembly in the state of Karnataka but, was split in to three legislative assemblies C.V.Raman Nagar, Mahadevapura and Krishnarajapura in the year 2008. It is also one of the wards of BBMP. Varthur is very close to ITPB.
There are many IT industries in Varthur Hobli. The head office of one of the largest IT Industry, Wipro Technologies is situated at Doddakannelli, Varthur Hobli. Some other companies like Cisco Systems, ARM, Flextronics, etc. are situated in Varthur Hobli
At Varthur, people celebrate, Brahmarathotsava of Sri Chennaraya Swamy, which happens on the day of Ratha Saptami. It is one of the famous events that happen in this area. Two days later is Karaga of Sri Draupathamma (Draupadi) at Sri Dharmaraya Swamy (Yudhisthira) temple, which happens in night being visited by thousands of people from Varthur, Gunjur, Madhuranagara, Whitefield, Ramagondannahalli, Balagere, Sorahunase, Immadihalli, Harohalli, Muthsandra.
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Vidhana Soudha
Coordinates: 12°58′47″N 77°35′26″E / 12.979693°N 77.590658°E / 12.979693; 77.590658
The Vidhana Soudha, located in Bengaluru (Bangalore), is the seat of the state legislature of Karnataka. It is an imposing building, constructed in a style sometimes described as Mysore Neo-Dravidian, and incorporates elements of Indo-Saracenic and Dravidian styles. The construction was completed in 1956.
Kengal Hanumanthaiah is credited with the conception and construction of the Vidhana Soudha, . The foundation was laid by the then Prime Minister of India, Jawaharlal Nehru, on July 13, 1951. However it was Kengal Hanumanthaiah who was instrumental in the redesign and speedy construction of Vidhana soudha. He visited Europe, Russia, United States and other places and got the idea of building Vidhana Soudha by incorporating various designs from the buildings he had seen. It was completed in 1956. Kengal Hanumanthaiah took a lot of interest and effort in building this marvelous granite building.
The Vidhana Soudha has four floors above and one floor below ground level and sprawls across an area of 700 by 350 feet. It is the largest Legislative building in India. Its eastern face has a porch with 12 granite columns, 40 feet tall. Leading to the foyer is a flight of stairs with 45 steps, more than 200 feet wide. The central dome, 60 feet in diameter, is crowned by a likeness of the Indian national emblem. The front of the building is inscribed with the words Government's Work is God's Work.
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Vidyaranyapura
Vidyaranyapura, Bengaluru is situated in the northern part of Bengaluru city. Vidyaranyapura, along with several other extensions of the city comes under a constituency called Byatarayanapura. It comes under the Greater Bangalore jurisdiction of [BBMP]http://www.bmponline.org). The township is named after the great Kannada poet, saint and a priest, Vidyaranya. Folklore says that Kempe Gowda, the founder of Bengaluru, was supposedly born here.
Vidyaranyapura is situated in the north-west part of Greater Bangalore,about 3,050 ft (930 m) above the sea level,at 13°05' N and 77°33' E. Dodda Bettahalli, Vidyaranyapura is highest point in Bangalore, located 962 m (3,156 ft)above sea level.
It is a composite locality comprising multiple sub-blocks and layouts, namely AMS Layout, Balaji Layout, Defence Colony, Nanjappa Layout, Srinidhi layout, BEL (Bharat Electronics Ltd.) layout, HMT (Hindustan Machine Tools) layout, NTI (National Tuberculosis Institute) layout.
Vidyaranyapura is located close to some of the big government sector factories like BEL [Bharat Electronics Limited] and HMT [Hindustan Machine Tools]. Mohammad Sab Palya, an extension of Byatarayanapura, is a Muslim-dominated area, unlike Vidyaranyapura, which is about four kilometers from the heart of this locality.
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Vijayawada
Vijayawada ( pronunciation (help·info)) is the biggest city of the Krishna District and the third largest city in the state of Andhra Pradesh, India, after Hyderabad and Visakhapatnam, with an area of 61.88 km2. The city has a population of 1,048,240 (2011 Census), while the population of the metropolitan area is 1,491,202. The name Vijayawada, meaning "Land of Victory" is derived from the presiding deity, Kanaka Durga, also called Vijaya. The city is also popularly known by its historic name Bezawada, which is also used by the Indian Railways in assigning its railway station code "BZA".
The city originated along the southern bank of the river Krishna, with hills on its northern bank. By 1855 AD, it took shape as small settlement on the eastern side of the Indrakiladri hills. The city has been ruled by different dynasties from time to time, including the Chalukyas of Kalyan and the great ruler Krishna Deva Raya.
The city experienced modest socio-economic growth in pre-independence India. As the commercial capital of Andhra Pradesh, the city is politically active, sociologically dominant, agriculturally rich, and is an industrial transportation hub.
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Visakhapatnam
Visakhapatnam ( pronunciation (help·info)) (also known as Vizag) is a port city on the southeast coast of India. With a population of 1,435,099, it is the second-largest city in the state of Andhra Pradesh (after Hyderabad) and the third-largest city on the east coast (after Chennai and Kolkata). Visakhapatnam is located 625 kilometres (388 mi) east of the state capital, Hyderabad. The city is home to several state-owned heavy industries and a steel plant; it is one of India's largest seaports and has the country's oldest shipyard. Visakhapatnam has the only natural harbour on the east coast of India.
The city was named after Visakha, the Hindu god of valor. It is nestled among the hills of the Eastern Ghats and faces the Bay of Bengal on the east. Visakhapatnam is the administrative headquarters of Visakhapatnam district and headquarters of the Eastern Naval Command of the Indian Navy. Visakhapatnam has a nickname The City of Destiny and, more recently, the Goa of the East Coast. Like its west-coast counterpart it offers attractive beaches, laterite hillocks and a pleasing landscape. It is also a focus of urban and tourist development.
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Yelahanka
Yelahanka is a suburb of Bangalore in the Indian state of Karnataka originally envisaged as a satellite town of Bangalore city, but now part of the Bruhat Bengaluru Mahanagara Palike.
Yelahanka is located near the fast developing northern section of Greater Bangalore, about 14 kilometres from downtown Bangalore.
National Highway NH7 passes through Yelahanka and newly constructed NH7 passes through the north eastern fringes of Yelahanka. State Highway 9 (Bangalore - Hindupur) passes through Yelahanka bisecting the suburb into Old Town and New Town. Yelahanka has became one of the main business centres of Bangalore City. Yelahanka's business areas are Hospital Main Road and BB road in Yelahanka and in the new town are 16th 'B' Cross Road and Major Sandeep Unnikrishnan Road.
Yelahanka has lakes surrounding it, the prominent ones being Yelahanka Kere and Puttenhalli lake which has officially been declared a bird sanctuary.
Yelahanka is at a height of about 915 metres (3000 feet) above mean sea level. Due to its higher altitude from mean sea level, it is lush green and has pleasant weather year round.
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Yeswanthpur
Yeswanthpur /Yeswantpur /Yeswant-pore /Yeshwantpur or Yashwantpur is an industrial-cum-residential area located in the north western part of Bangalore City in the Indian state of Karnataka. It is close to areas like Malleswaram and Mathikere and the famous MS Ramaiah college and hospitals. It has a central bus stand providing connectivity to various parts of the city.
A major railway terminal is located in Yeswanthpur. A new railway terminal was built in 2001 besides the existing Krishnarajapuram terminal, to cater for the growing population of Bangalore. Many long distance trains to Delhi, Mumbai, Hyderabad, Indore and Howrah originate from here. Its also an important station for all trains going on the Bangalore-Hubli track Yeshwanthpur is also linked to the Bangalore Metro project. The biggest wholesale market of agricultural produce in the region, the Yeshwantpur APMC Yard, is situated in Yeswanthpur.
Yashavanthapura is 6 km from the Bangalore City Railway Station. Yashwanthpur area consists of Kamala Nehru Extension, Gokula Extension, L.N. Colony, Model Colony, B.K.Nagar, Subedarapalya, Mathikere, Sundara Nagar.
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Yokohama
Yokohama (横浜市, Yokohama-shi?, "Side Shore") ( listen (help·info)) is the capital city of Kanagawa Prefecture and the second largest city in Japan by population after Tokyo and most populous municipality of Japan. It lies on Tokyo Bay, south of Tokyo, in the Kantō region of the main island of Honshu. It is a major commercial hub of the Greater Tokyo Area.
Yokohama's population of 3.7 million makes it Japan's largest incorporated city.
Yokohama developed rapidly as Japan's prominent port city following the end of Japan's relative isolation in the mid-19th century, and is today one of its major ports along with Kobe, Osaka, Nagoya, Hakata, Tokyo, and Chiba.
Yokohama was a small fishing village up to the end of the feudal Edo period, when Japan held a policy of national seclusion, having little contact with foreigners. A major turning point in Japanese history happened in 1853–54, when Commodore Matthew Perry arrived just south of Yokohama with a fleet of American warships, demanding that Japan open several ports for commerce, and the Tokugawa shogunate agreed by signing the Treaty of Peace and Amity.
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Abhimanyu Mithun
Abhimanyu Mithun (Kannada: ಅಭಿಮನ್ಯು ಮಿಥುನ್) (born 25 October 1989) is an Indian international cricketer. In first class cricket, he plays for Karnataka. A right-arm fast-medium bowler, Mithun was called up to the India squad for the first Test against South Africa in 2009–10, only ten weeks after making his first-class debut. He has also played in the IPL for Royal Challengers Bangalore. He made his debut in One Day Internationals in the third and final one day match against South Africa in the 2010 season. His Test debut was against Sri Lanka on 18 July 2010, at Galle, in which he claimed four wickets. He batted at No. 11 in the first innings, but after looking more solid than his fellow bowlers, he was promoted to No. 9 in the second innings and scored 25. He proved that he certainly has some potential with the bat & can become a seam bowling all-rounder in future.
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Adikavi Pampa
Pampa (Kannada: ಪಂಪ, 902 CE -975 CE), called by the honorific Ādikavi (ಆದಿಕವಿ "Original Poet") is one of the greatest Kannada poets of all time.He is very famous even today for his philosophical beliefs. A court poet of Chalukya King Arikesari II, a Rashtrakuta feudatory, he is most known for his epics, Vikramārjuna Vijaya or Pampa Bharata and the Adipurana, both written in the Champu style, which he created and served as the model for all future works in Kannada.
The works of Jain writers Ādikavi Pampa, Sri Ponna and Ranna, collectively called the "three gems of Kannada literature", heralded the 10th century era of Medieval Kannada literature.
Pampa was born either in Annigeri or Banavasi in modern Karnataka or in Vemulavada, Karimnagar District in modern Andhra Pradesh.
Very little is known about Pampa's early life. Whatever is known has been obtained from inscriptions, references by other poets, Pampa's own accounts in some of his poems and a few other such meager sources. It is believed that he was born in Annigeri near Gadag to a Jaina family of Brahmin ancestry. His father was Abhiramaradevaraya (also Bheemappayya as per Pampa's younger brother Jinavallabha's Gangadharam inscription) and mother Abbanabbe.
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Akka Mahadevi
Akka Mahadevi (ಅಕ್ಕ ಮಹಾದೇವಿ) was a prominent figure of the Veerashaiva Bhakti movement of the 12th century Karnataka. Her Vachanas in Kannada, a form of didactic poetry are considered her greatest contribution to Kannada Bhakti literature. In all she wrote about 430 Vachanas which is relatively fewer than that compared to some other saints of her time. Yet the term 'Akka' (elder Sister) which is an honorific given to her by great Veerashaiva saints like Basavanna, Chenna Basavanna, Kinnari Bommayya, Siddharama, Allamaprabhu and Dasimayya speaks volumes of her contribution to the movement that was underway. She is in hindsight seen as a great and inspirational woman for Kannada literature and the history of Karnataka. She is said to have accepted the god Shiva ('Chenna Mallikarjuna') as her husband, traditionally understood as the 'madhura bhava' or 'madhurya' form of devotion (similar to how centuries later Meera, a 16th century saint, considered herself married to Krishna).
Born in Udutadi (or Udugani) near the ancient city of Banavasi (in Shikaripura taluk Shimoga district). She was born in 1130CE and lived until 1160. She worked for the welfare of women.
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Aluru Venkata Rao
Aluru Venkata Rao (Kannada: ಆಲೂರು ವೆಂಕಟರಾವ್) (12 July 1880 - 25th Feb 1964) was one of the most eminent leaders of the Karnataka Ekikarana movement. He had a very strong impact on the Ekikarana movement which was fighting for a separate state encompassing all Kannada speaking areas of Mysore, Bombay Presidency and Nizam's Hyderabad. Even though the first strains of this movement had started as early as in 1856 and the Karnataka Vidyavardhaka Sangha had been established in 1890, the movement took a dramatic turn with the arrival of Aluru Venkata Rao on the scene. The single most important event that spurred the movement into a frenzy was the publishing of Aluru's magnum opus, Karnataka Gatha Vaibhava in 1912. Such was the impact of his work on the masses that he came to be known as the Kannada Kula Purohita or the 'High priest of the Kannada kula(family) '
Karnataka Gatha Vaibhava literally means The glory that was Karnataka!. It was a book that recounted in great detail the glorious history that had been Karnataka's until the Marathas, Nizam and the British took over. The book created tremendous impact on the young and old alike. The movement soon caught the imagination of the public and people started rallying around the Ekikarana movement and the movement picked up momentum.
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Amoghavarsha
Amoghavarsha (Nrupathunga) I (Kannada: ಅಮೋಘವರ್ಷ ನೃಪತುಂಗ) (800–878 CE) was a Rashtrakuta emperor, the greatest ruler of the Rashtrakuta dynasty, and one of the great emperors of India. His reign of 64 years is the longest precisely dated monarchical reign on record in India and one of the longest documented reigns of any monarch. Historians have compared him to the legendary Emperor Ashoka for his religious temperament and love of peace. Many Kannada and Sanskrit scholars prospered during his rule, including, Mahaviracharya who wrote Ganita-sara-samgraha, Jinasena, Virasena, Shakatayan and Sri Vijaya (the Kannada language theorist). Amoghavarsha I was an accomplished poet and scholar. He wrote the Kavirajamarga, the earliest extant literary work in Kannada, and Prashnottara Ratnamalika, a religious work in Sanskrit. During his rule he held such titles as Nrupathunga, Atishadhavala, Veeranarayana, Rattamarthanda and Srivallabha. He moved the Rashtrakuta regal capital from Mayurkhandi in the Bidar district to Manyakheta in the Gulbarga district in the modern Karnataka state. He is said to have built the regal city to "match that of Lord Indra". The capital city was planned to include elaborately designed buildings for the royalty using the finest of workmanship.
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Anil Kumble
Anil Radhakrishna Kumble or Anil Kumble ( pronunciation (help·info); born 17 October 1970) nicknamed "Jumbo", born in Bangalore, Karnataka is a former Indian cricketer and a captain of the Indian Test Cricket team. He is a right-arm leg spin (legbreak googly) bowler and a right-hand batsman. He is currently the leading wicket-taker for India in both Test cricket and One Day International cricket. He is also the first and the only cricketer in the history of Indian Test Cricket to have taken a 10-wicket haul. With more than 600 Test wickets, he is the third highest wicket-taker in Test cricket, only the third bowler to achieve this record and the first bowler from India to do so. Since his debut in international cricket on 25 April 1990, he has taken 619 Test wickets and 337 ODI wickets.
Kumble was appointed as the captain of the Indian Test cricket team on 8 November 2007. He succeeded his state team mate Rahul Dravid, who resigned as the captain in September 2007. His first series as captain of Indian Test team was a three-match series against Pakistan which was played in India. The team won that series by 1–0.
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Basava
Basava (Kannada: ಬಸವ) (also known as Guru Basavanna (Kannada: ಗುರು ಬಸವಣ್ಣ) or Basaveshwara (Kannada: ಬಸವೇಶ್ವರ), (1134–1196)) was a philosopher, Statesman and a social reformer from present-day Karnataka, India. He was the founder of Lingayatism and is popularly called as Vishwa Guru(Teacher of the World) and Bhakti-Bhandari(Champion of Devotion). His teachings and preachings which are universal, go beyond all boundaries of belief systems. He was a great humanitarian and preached a new way of life wherein the divine experience being the center of life regardless of gender, belief, tradition, religion, caste or social status. The key aspect of his preaching is monotheistic concept of God.
A true visionary with ideas ahead of his time; he envisioned a society that flourished enriching one and all. He was a great mystic of his time and originated a literary revolution through his literary creation called Vachana Sahitya. He was a mystic by temperament, an idealist by choice, a statesman by profession: as he was the Prime Minister of the Southern Kalachuri Empire in South India, a man of letters by taste, a humanist by sympathy, and a social reformer by conviction. Many great yogis and mystics of his time joined his movement enriching it with the essence of divine experience in the form of Vachanas.
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Bhimsen Joshi
Pandit Bhimsen Gururaj Joshi ( pronunciation (help·info)); February 4, 1922 – January 24, 2011) was an Indian vocalist in the Hindustani classical tradition. A member of the Kirana Gharana (school), he is renowned for the khayal form of singing, as well as for his popular renditions of devotional music (bhajans and abhangs). He was the most recent recipient of the Bharat Ratna, India's highest civilian honour, awarded in 2008.
Joshi was born into a Kannadiga family in the town of Ron, which was then in Dharwar, District in northern Karnataka state of India. His father, Gururaj Joshi, was a school teacher. Bhimsen was the eldest in a family of 16 siblings. Some of the siblings still live in their ancestral home in Gadag. Bhimsen lost his mother when he was young, and his step mother then raised him. His parents lived initially with his grandfather as tenants of a Kulkarni household, but then moved to Gadag (now a district headquarter).
As a child, Pandit Bhimsen Joshi's craving for music was evident to his family as he managed to lay his hands on a 'tanpura' used by his 'Kirtankar' grandfather, which had been kept away from his gaze at home. Music had such a magnetic pull over him that a 'bhajan singing' procession or just 'azaan' from a nearby mosque was said to draw him out of house.
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Ekoji I
Venkoji (Marathi: व्यंकोजी/एकोजी १) (born 1629) or Ekoji I was the younger half-brother of Shivaji and founder of Maratha rule in Thanjavur. He was the progenitor of the junior branch of the Bhonsle family which ruled Thanjavur until the formal annexation of the kingdom by the British in 1855.
Venkoji was the younger son of Shahji Bhonsle, a military commander in service of the Sultan of Bijapur through his younger wife Tukabai Mohite. He succeeded to the jagir of Bangalore on the death of his father while his illustrious elder brother had carved an empire of his own.
In 1673, the Nayak of Madurai invaded the kingdom of Thanjavur under the rule of the Thanjavur Nayaks and drove away the ruler. He then proceeded to place his own brother Alagiri on the throne of Thanjavur. This was resented by Rayasam Venkanna, a high-ranking official in the court of Thanjavur who supported the cause of Chengamaldas, the desposed son of Vijayaraghava, the late Nayak of Thanjavur. He proceededto the court of the Adil Shah of Bijapur along with the minor Chengamaldas and requested his help.
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Gubbi Veeranna
Gubbi Veeranna (Kannada: ಗುಬ್ಬಿ ವೀರಣ್ಣ) was an Indian theatre director, one of the pioneers and most prolific contributors to Kannada theatre. He established the drama company, Gubbi Veeranna Nataka Company that played a crucial role in promoting the Kannada theatre. Some of the stalwarts that have emerged out of this company include Rajkumar, B. Jayashree and G. V. Shivananda. He is conferred the title Nataka Ratna meaning jewel in the theatre world. Gubbi Veeranna Nataka Company is the first theatre company in Karnataka to employ female artists to portray female characters on the stage. There is a popular saying that the story of Gubbi Veeranna's company is the story of the Kannada theatre which indicates the standing of this company in the theatre world. Apart from theatre, Gubbi Veeranna has also produced films and acted in them as well.
Gubbi Veeranna was born in the town of Gubbi in the Tumkur district of Karnataka in the year 1890. He started a drama company called Gubbi Shree Chenna Basaveshwara Nataka Company and started producing plays in which he also acted sometimes. He had four wives, three of them being Sundaramma, Bhadramma and Jayamma. He had an unnerving commitment towards the theatre. An incident to corroborate this is when his second wife Sundaramma who was also an artist with the company died on the stage while enacting a play. It is said that Gubbi Veeranna who was also acting in the play along with his children, did not stop the play but allowed it to continue till the end. He and his children attended to her dead body only after the play stopped. Veeranna also is credited for having groomed people like Rajkumar and B. V. Karanth. He not only helped them groom their career in the theatre field but also provided them with other financial help. As an example, Veerana provided financial contribution towards B. V. Karanth's graduation and masters degree at Banaras Hindu University.
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Hyder Ali
Hyder Ali (Urdu: سلطان حيدر علی خان , Kannada: ಹೈದರಾಲಿ, Haidarālī; Hindi: हैदर अली, Haidar Alī; c. 1720 – 7 December 1782, 2 Muharram 1197 in the Islamic calendar) was the de facto ruler of the Kingdom of Mysore in southern India. Born Hyder Naik, he distinguished himself militarily, eventually drawing the attention of Mysore's rulers. Rising to the post of dalwai, or commander-in-chief to Krishnaraja Wodeyar II, he came to dominate the titular monarch and the Mysore government, and eventually seized control of all of the reins of power. He expanded the kingdom's borders at the expense of the Maratha Empire and Nizam of Hyderabad (among others), and was one of the few local rulers to effectively blunt the military advances of the British East India Company during two wars. In the First and Second Anglo-Mysore Wars he came within striking distance of the British outpost at Madras. He was given a number of honorific titles, and was referred to as Sultan Hyder Ali Khan or Hyder Ali Sahib.
Hyder's rule of Mysore was characterised by frequent warfare with his neighbours and rebellion within his territories. This was not unusual for the time, as much of the Indian subcontinent was then in turmoil, with the Hindu Maratha Confederacy struggling with the remnants of the Muslim Mughal Empire. He was a shrewd leader, and left his son Tipu Sultan a kingdom that was significantly larger than when he first took it over. He organised his military in part along European lines, and was a pioneer in the military use of Rocket artillery. He had at least two wives, and fathered at least three children.
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Javagal Srinath
For Kannada actor see Srinath
Javagal Srinath (Kannada: ಜಾವಗಲ್ ಶ್ರೀನಾಥ್) pronunciation (help·info) (born August 31, 1969 in Mysore, Karnataka) is a former Indian cricketer. He was a frontline fast bowler for the Indian cricket team until his retirement, being the second Indian pace bowler after Kapil Dev to take 200 Test wickets. One ball that he bowled during the 1996 tour of South Africa measured 156 km/h (97 mph). He also clocked 154.5 km/h (96.0 mph) at the 1999 World Cup. He is the leading wicket taker from India in World cups with 44 wickets in 1992, 1996, 1999, 2003 Cricket World Cup
Srinath was born in Mysore in Karnataka. He was attracted towards cricket right from an early age. He holds a Bachelor of Engineering degree in Instrumentation Technology from Sri Jayachamarajendra College of Engineering, Mysore. He was earlier married to Jyothsna in 1999 but both decided to split away with mutual understanding. He remarried in 2008 to Madhavi Patravali a journalist.
Although Srinath was a batsman as a youth, it was in a club match that he caught the eye of former Indian Test batsman Gundappa Viswanath, now a selector for the state team. In 1989/90, Srinath made his first class debut for Karnataka against Hyderabad, taking a hat trick in the first innings. He followed this with wickets from successive balls in the second innings. Srinath finished the season with 25 wickets from six matches, and took another 20 the following season. The second season involved a display of reverse swing against Maharashtra at the Nehru Stadium in Pune, taking 7/93 to dismiss the home team for 311 in response to a Karnataka total of 638 on a good batting track.
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Kengal Hanumanthaiah
Kengal Hanumanthaiah (Kannada: ಕೆಂಗಲ್ ಹನುಮಂತಯ್ಯ) (14 February 1908 – 1 December 1980) was the chief minister of the old Mysore State (Karnataka) in India from 30 March 1952 to 19 August 1956. He is best remembered for his vision and contribution to the construction of Vidhana Soudha, the legislative seat in Karnataka.
Kengal Hanumanthaiah was born in 1908 in a Vokkaliga family in Lakkappanapalli, a small village in the Bangalore district. He graduated in arts from the Maharaja College in Mysore in 1930, and later earned a degree in law from Poona Law College in 1932. During his college days, he was elected Secretary of the Students Union and Karnataka Sangha.
After his graduation, he joined the bar council in the same year. Dr. P. Tandon, the then President of Indian National Congress, advised Hanumanthaiah to give up active practice at the bar and to devote himself to the freedom struggle. Inspired by Mahatma Gandhi, Hanumanthaiah pitched himself into the struggle and was imprisoned more than nine times. He was a member of the Constituent Assembly of India and became the second Chief minister of Karnataka (then, Mysore state)in 1952 following the victory of the Congress party in the 1st general elections.
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Kittur Chennamma
Kitturu Rani Chennamma (Kannada: ಕಿತ್ತೂರು ರಾಣಿ ಚೆನ್ನಮ್ಮ) (1778−1829) was the queen of the princely state of Kittur in Karnataka. In 1824, 33 years before the 1857 war of independence, she led an armed rebellion against the British.The resistance ended in her martyrdom and she is remembered today as one of the earliest Indian rulers to have fought for independence. Along with Abbakka Rani, Keladi Chennamma and Onake Obavva she is much venerated in Karnataka as an icon of bravery and women's pride.
Chennamma was born in Kakati, a small village in the wealthy kingdom of Kittur, which stood around 5 km north of Belgaum in Karnataka. In her youth she received training in horse riding, sword fighting and archery. She became queen of her native kingdom and married Raja Mallasarja, of the Desai family, and had one son; after her son's death in 1824 she adopted Shivalingappa, and made him heir to the throne. The British East India Company did not accept this and ordered Shivalingappa's expulsion, using doctrine of lapse (officially codified between 1848 and 1856 by Lord Dalhousie), but Chennamma defied the order: a battle ensued, during which Chennamma fought fiercely with the aid of her lieutenant, Sangolli Rayanna, but was ultimately captured and imprisoned at Bailhongal Fort, where she died on 21 February 1829.
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Kuvempu
Kuppali Venkatappagowda Puttappa (December 29, 1904 – November 11, 1994), widely known by the pen name Kuvempu or by the abbreviation K. V. Puttappa, was a Kannada writer and poet, widely regarded as the greatest poet of 20th century Kannada literature. He is the first among eight recipients of Jnanpith Award for Kannada. Puttappa wrote all his literary works using the pen name Kuvempu. He is the second among Kannada poets to be revered as Rashtrakavi (after M. Govinda Pai). His work Sri Ramayana Darshanam, the rewriting of the great ancient Indian epic Ramayana in modern Kannada, is regarded as revival of the era of Mahakavya (Epic poetry) in a contemporary form and charm. He is immortalised by some of his phrases, and in particular for his contribution to Universal Humanism or in his own words Vishwa maanavataa Vaada. He was conferred Padma Bhushan by Government of India. He has penned the Karnataka State anthem Jaya Bharata Jananiya Tanujate.
Kuvempu was born in Hirekodige, Koppa taluk, of Chikmagalur district to a native Kannada family. He was brought up in a place in the lush Malenadu region of Tirthahalli, called Kuppali, of Shivamogga district. His education began at his home by an appointed teacher from Dakshina Kannada. He joined Anglo Vernacular school in Tirthahalli to continue his middle school education. He lost his father Venkatappa Gowda at the early age of 12 due to ill health. Kuvempu finished his lower and secondary education in Kannada and English in Theerthahalli. He moved to Mysore for further education and completed his high school from the Wesleyan high school. He pursued his college studies in from Maharaja College of Mysore and graduated in 1929 majoring in Kannada. He married Hemavathi on 30 April 1937.
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Mahesh Bhupathi
Mahesh Shrinivas Bhupathi is an Indian professional tennis player widely regarded as among the best doubles players in the world with 11 Grand Slam titles to his credit. In 1997, he became the first Indian to win a Grand Slam tournament (with Rika Hiraki). With his win at the Australian Open mixed doubles in 2006, he joined the elite group of eight tennis players who have achieved a career Grand Slam in mixed doubles.
Mahesh Bhupathi is best known as one of the top doubles players in the '90s and '00s. In 1999, Bhupathi won three doubles titles with Leander Paes, including Roland Garros and Wimbledon. He and Leander became the first doubles team to reach the finals of all four Grand Slams, the first time such a feat has been achieved in the open era and the first time since 1952. On 26 April of that year, they became the world no. 1 doubles team. Bhupathi also won the US Open mixed doubles with Ai Sugiyama of Japan.
In 2006, Bhupathi teamed with Martina Hingis in the Australian Open mixed doubles competition. Entering the tournament unseeded and as wildcards, the first-time pair defeated four seeded opponents along the way, while only dropping a single set throughout. Bhupathi and Hingis defeated the sixth-seeded team of Daniel Nestor and Elena Likhovtseva in straight sets, 6–3, 6–3, to capture the championship. It was the sixth mixed doubles Grand Slam for Bhupathi, and a first for Hingis. By winning the Australian Open, Bhupathi completed a career Grand Slam in mixed doubles.
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Mirza Ismail
Amin-ul-MulqSir Mirza Muhammad Ismail, KCIE, Kt, OBE Kannada: ಸರ್ ಮಿರ್ಜಾ ಇಸ್ಮಾಯಿಲ್; (24 October 1883– 8 January 1959) was a Diwan (Diwan means Prime Minister) of the Kingdom of Mysore, Jaipur and Hyderabad.
Sir Chetpat Pattabhirama Ramaswami Iyer, Diwan, Travancore considered him “one of the cleverest men in India”. While long time friend Sir Chandrasekhara Venkata Raman said “Sir Mirza’s accessibility and personal charm coupled with his depth of knowledge and his keen sense of human and cultural values made him a great and highly successful administrator”
Mirza Ismail was born on October 24, 1883 in Bangalore. He was the grandson of Ali Asker. Krishnaraja Wodeyar IV and him were classmates in college. After his graduation from Bangalore in 1904 he started off as an Asst Superintendent of Police with the government.
Mirza Ismail became the private secretary to the Maharajah, who had great faith in his administrative acumen and abilities to implement them. It was at this time the King urged Sir Mokshagundam Visvesvaraya to guide him. It is well documented that Sir Mokshagundam Visvesvaraya became Mirza Ismail's mentor. In 1926 on the recommendation of Vishvesvaraya the King supplemented Mirza Ismail by elevating him to the coveted position of the Diwan of Mysore.
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Nisha Millet
Nisha Millet (Kannada: ನಿಶಾ ಮಿಲೆಟ್; born March 20, 1982) is a swimmer from Bangalore, Karnataka, India. Nisha Millet, and the Arjuna Award winner, was the only woman in the 2000 Sydney Olympics swim team for India.
Millet started swimming in 1991 at the age of 9 and won her first medal in 1992 at the sub junior nationals. Initially she was coached by her father at the Dolphin club in Chennai. When she showed a lot of promise by winning 4 Gold Medals as a 12yr old at the Senior National Championships held in Goa, her family shifted to Bangalore to focus on her swimming career. She then progressed on to represent India at various international competitions. It culminated with her representing India in Olympics at the 2000 Summer Olympics held in Sydney after training under coach Pradeep Kumar at the Basavanagudi Aquatic Centre. She is the only Indian sports person to have won 14 gold medals ever at the 1999 national games held at Manipur and win the prime ministers "Best Sportswoman" award twice.
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Pankaj Advani
Pankaj Arjan Advani (Sindhi: पंकज आडवाणी, lang-ur; Kannada: ಪಂಕಜ್ ಅಡ್ವಾಣಿ) (born 24 July 1985 in Pune) is an Indian Billiards and Snooker player. A winner of seven World Titles in Billiards and Snooker, he is considered to be the one of the best Billiards Player India has produced. In 2005, he set a world record by becoming the first player to complete a grand double by winning both the points format as well as the time format titles in the IBSF World Billiards Championship, Malta. For his commendable performance as a Billiards and Snooker player, and his invaluable contribution to the nation through the laurels he brought home he has been honoured with a number of prestigious awards, having been bestowed the Padma Shri, India’s fourth highest civilian honour, in 2009, The Rajiv Gandhi Khel Ratna Award, which was conferred on him in 2006 and the Arjuna Award in 2004.
Pankaj Advani was born on July 24, 1985 in Pune. Pankaj spent his initial years in Kuwait before moving to Bangalore. He received his education at the Frank Anthony Public School, Bangalore and completed his Bachelor’s degree in Commerce from Mahaveer Jain College, Bangalore. He received training in snooker from former national Snooker champion Arvind Savur.
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Prakash Padukone
Prakash Padukone (Konkani : प्रकाश पडुकोण) (born June 10, 1955) is a former badminton player from Karnataka, India. Among other championships, he won the All England Championship and became the first Indian to do so. Prakash was awarded the Padma Shri in 1982. He, along with Geet Sethi, have co-founded Olympic Gold Quest which is a Foundation for the Promotion of Sports in India. Prakash Padukone's life story has been chronicled in the biography 'Touch Play', by Dev S. Sukumar. The book is only the second biography of any badminton player.
Prakash was initiated into the game by his father Ramesh Padukone, who was the Secretary of the Mysore Badminton Association for many years.
Padukone's first official tournament was the Karnataka state junior championship in 1962. Though he lost in the very first round, two years later he managed to win the state junior title. He changed his playing style into a more aggressive style in 1971, and won the Indian national junior title in 1972. He also won the senior title the same year. He won the Indian national title consecutively for the next seven years, until 1979. In 1978, he won his first major international title, the men's singles gold medal at the 1978 Commonwealth Games in Edmonton, Canada. In 1979, he won the Evening of Champions at the Royal Albert Hall, London.
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Pulakesi II
Pulakeshin II (Kannada: ಇಮ್ಮಡಿ ಪುಲಿಕೇಶಿ), Immadi Pulikeshi (610–642 CE) is the most famous ruler of the Chalukya dynasty. In his reign the Chalukyas of Badami saw their kingdom extend over most of the Deccan.
Ereya, who assumed the name Pulakeshin on his coronation, was born to the Chalukya king [Kirtivarma|Kirtivarman I]. When Kirtivarma died in 597, Ereya was still a young boy and Kirtivarma's brother Mangalesa governed the young kingdom as regent until Ereya came of age. Mangalesa was a capable ruler and continued expanding the kingdom. However, when Ereya came of age, desire for power perhaps made Mangalesa deny prince Ereya his rightful place on the Chalukya throne, and he sought to perpetuate his own line by making his son heir apparent.
Ereya took shelter in the Bana territory (Kolar), organised an army with the help of his associates and declared war on his uncle. According to the Peddavadagur inscription Mangalesa was defeated and killed in the ensuing battle at Elapattu Simbige. Ereya ascended the Chalukya throne as Pulakeshin II and assumed the title Chalukya Parameshwara. pulakeshin built many a temples such as badami,Papanatha,durga and ladhkhan
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Purandara Dasa
Purandara Dāsa (Kannada: ಪುರಂದರ ದಾಸ) (1484–1564) (sometimes spelled as a single word) is one of the most prominent composers of Carnatic music and is widely regarded as the "father of Carnatic Music". Purandara Dasa addressed social issues in addition to worship in his compositions, a practice emulated by his younger contemporary, Kanaka Dasa. Purandara Dasa's Carnatic music compositions are mostly in Kannada; some are in Sanskrit. He signed his compositions with the mudra (pen name), "Purandara Vittala" (Vittala is one of the incarnations of the Hindu god Vishnu). About 1000 of his songs are extant.
Inscriptional evidence suggests Purandara Dasa was born in 1484 AD in Kshemapura, near Tirthahalli, Shivamogga district, Karnataka state. According to other opinions, his native town was Purandaraghatta in Karnataka, or Purandaragad near Pune, but the latter is considered a historical mistake - connecting his "pen name" (his ankita) with a location that mainly served as a military encampment in the 15th and 16th century. The only son of Varadappa Nayaka, a wealthy merchant, and Leelavati, he was named Srinivasa Nayaka, after the Lord of the Seven Hills. He received a good education in accordance with family traditions and acquired proficiency in Kannada, Sanskrit, and sacred music. At age 16 he married Saraswatibai, said by tradition to have been a pious young girl. He lost his parents at age 20, thereby inheriting his father's business of gemstones and pawning. He prospered and became known as "navakoti narayana" (abundantly rich man; owner of nine crores).
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Rahul Dravid
Rahul Sharad Dravid pronunciation (help·info) (born 11 January 1973) is a former Indian cricketer and captain of the Indian Test and One Day International teams. Dravid was honoured as one of the top-five Wisden Cricketers of the Year in 2000. Dravid was also awarded the ICC Player of the Year and the Test Player of the Year at the inaugural awards ceremony held in 2004. Dravid also holds the record of having taken the most number of catches in Test matches. On 9 March 2012, he announced his retirement from international cricket.
On 7 August 2011 after getting a surprise call to play in ODI series against England he declared his retirement from One Day Internationals and T20.
Popularly hailed as "The Wall of Indian cricket", Dravid is regarded by many to be one of the greatest batsmen in the history of the game. Dravid holds multiple cricketing records. He is only the second player, after Sachin Tendulkar, to reach 13,000 runs in Test cricket. On 14 February 2007, he became the sixth player overall and the third Indian (after Sachin Tendulkar and Sourav Ganguly), to score 10,000 runs in ODI cricket in cricketing history. He is the first and only batsman to score a century in all ten Test playing nations. With more than 200 catches, Dravid currently holds the world record for the most number of catches in Test cricket. Dravid has also been involved in more than 80 century partnerships with 18 different partners and has been involved in 19 century partnerships with Sachin Tendulkar – a world record.
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Robin Uthappa
Robin Venu Uthappa (Kodava Takk language: ರಾಬಿನ್ ವೇಣು ಉತ್ತಪ್ಪ) pronunciation (help·info) (born 11 November 1985 in Kodagu, Karnataka) is an Indian cricketer. His father is Venu Uthappa, an international hockey referee from Kodagu, Karnataka, mother Roselyn is a home maker and hails from Kozhikode, Kerala and his sister Sharon is a business owner. He studied at St. Joseph's Boys High School, Bangalore. The same school Rahul Dravid went to.He speaks Kodava Takk language(of kodagu).He made his One Day International debut in the seventh and final match of the English tour of India in April 2006. He had a successful debut, making 86 as an opening batsman before being run out. It was the highest score for any Indian debutant in a limited overs match. He is also named 'The Walking Assassin" for his tactic of charging the bowler. He played an important role in India's win at the ICC World T20 World Cup 2007. However, he then suffered a form slump and has not played for India since mid-2008 and was relegated to a Grade C contract.
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Roger Binny
Roger Michael Humphrey Binny (Kannada: ರೋಜರ್ ಮೈಖೆಲ್ ಹಂಫ್ರಿ ಬಿನ್ನಿ) pronunciation (help·info) (born 19 July 1955, Bangalore, Karnataka) is an Indian former cricket all-rounder who is best known for his impressive bowling performance in the 1983 Cricket World Cup where he was the highest wicket-taker (18 wickets), and in the 1985 World Series Cricket Championship in Australia where he repeated this feat (17 wickets).
Binny started his international career on his home ground, the KSCA Stadium in Bangalore in the first Test of the 1979 home series against Pakistan. Against bowlers of the calibre of Imran Khan and Sarfraz Nawaz, he performed creditably in his debut match scoring 46 runs. Viewers still remember the six he scored off an Imran Khan bouncer in the 5th Test of that series. He was a useful swing bowler and one of the better fielders in the Indian team of that time.
Somehow his Test career floundered, but he came into his own in the next World Cup. The wickets suited his medium-pace, and in tandem with Madan Lal, and led by the inspirational Kapil Dev, he helped India win their first World Cup title.
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Rohan Bopanna
Rohan Bopanna (Kannada: ರೋಹನ್ ಬೋಪಣ್ಣ) (born 4 March 1980) is an Indian professional tennis player. His singles career high ranking was 213th in 2007. Recently, most of his appearances in professional tournaments has been in doubles matches. He is a member of the Indian Davis Cup team since 2002. In 2010, he finished as a runner-up in doubles at the US Open, partnering with Aisam-ul-Haq Qureshi.
Bopanna started playing tennis at age 11. He reached his career high doubles rankings on 13 June 2011 when he was ranked world no. 9 in the ATP Rankings. He reached his career-high singles rankings of world no. 213 on 23 July 2007. Bopanna partnered with Qureshi in doubles in 2007. The duo, nicknamed the IndoPak Express, went on to win four Challenger titles in quick succession. However, it was only in the 2010 season that the pair broke into the top 10 doubles teams. That year, they reached the quarterfinals at Wimbledon, finished runners-up in the US Open and in five ATP Tour events, and won the Johannesburg Open. Bopanna also played a decisive role in India's 2010 Davis Cup triumph over Brazil, taking India back to the World Group for the first time since 1998.
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Shahaji
Shahaji Raje Bhosle (Marathi: शहाजी राजे भोसले) was an early exponent of guerilla warfare. He was the eldest son of Maloji Bhosale of Verul (present-day Ellora, Maharashtra). He brought the house of Bhosle into prominence. The princely states of Tanjore, Kolhapur and Satara are Bhosle legacies. He was father of Shivaji, the founder of the Maratha Empire.
Islamic ruler Ibrahim Adil Shah of Bijapur, appointed Hindus to key positions and changed the official court language from Persian to Marathi. Maloji was childless for a long time. Two sons were born to him after seeking blessings from a famous Sufi pir of the time, named Shah Sharif. In honour of the pir, Maloji named his sons Shahaji and Sharifji. Maloji was a capable soldier and eventually became an independent Jagirdar in the court of Adil Shah.
Maharaja Shahaji was an extremely ambitious and capable general. At a young age, Maharaja Shahaji had achieved a lot. He was well known not only for his military and leadership skills but also as a Man who kept his word. Maharaja Shahaji had not lost a single battle in his entire life which made him the prominent Maratha legend who was treated even at par with Nizam and Adilshah.
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Siemens
Siemens AG (German pronunciation: [ˈziːməns]) is a German multinational conglomerate company headquartered in Munich, Germany. It is the largest Europe-based electronics and electrical engineering company.
Siemens is an integrated technology company with activities in the fields of industry, energy and healthcare. It is organised into six main divisions: Industry, Energy, Healthcare, Equity Investments, Siemens IT Solutions, and Services and Siemens Financial Services (SFS).
Siemens and its subsidiaries employ approximately 360,000 people across nearly 190 countries and reported global revenue of approx 71 billion euros for the year of 2011. Siemens AG is listed on the Frankfurt Stock Exchange, and has been listed on the New York Stock Exchange since March 12, 2001.
Siemens & Halske was founded by Werner von Siemens on 12 October 1847. Based on the telegraph, his invention used a needle to point to the sequence of letters, instead of using Morse code. The company, then called Telegraphen-Bauanstalt von Siemens & Halske, opened its first workshop on October 12.
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Sunil Joshi
Sunil Bandacharya Joshi (Kannada: ಸುನಿಲ್ ಬಂಡಾಚಾರ್ಯ ಜೋಷಿ) pronunciation (help·info) (born June 6, 1970, Gadag, Karnataka) is a former Indian cricketer. He is an all-rounder who bowls slow left arm spin and bats left-handed. He used to travel 40 miles to Hubli each morning for practice, and then return to his native town of Gadag in time for school. Such was his desire and passion for cricket.
Joshi played both Test and One Day International cricket for India between 1996 and 2001. His usual role in the team was to provide runs from the lower order and act as a secondary spin bowler to support the likes of Anil Kumble. Despite being a regular in the national team during this period, he was not selected for the 1999 Cricket World Cup.
His most famous bowling performance for India came in an ODI match against South Africa in the LG Cup in 1999. He returned figures of 10-6-6-5 helping India to victory in that match [2]. Three years later, the performance was rated in the Wisden 100 as the seventh best ODI bowling performance to that date. However, South Africa won the LG Cup after Joshi's ten overs in the final cost 55 runs, India conceded 235 for nine in 50 overs, and were bowled out for 209 with Joshi making 18.
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Syed Kirmani
Padma Sri Syed Mujtaba Hussain Kirmani (Kannada: ಸೈಯದ್ ಮುಜ್ತಾಬ ಹುಸೇನ್ ಕಿರ್ಮಾನಿ) pronunciation (help·info) (born December 29, 1949, in Madras) played cricket for India and Karnataka as a wicket-keeper.
Popularly known as 'Kiri', Syed Kirmani is generally regarded as the finest wicket keeper to play for India[citation needed].
He started off as an understudy to Farokh Engineer in the tours of England in 1971 and 1974 and to the 1975 Cricket World Cup. Kirmani made his debut against New Zealand and in his second Test, equalled the world record of six victims in an innings. He followed this with an atrocious series in West Indies where he missed numerous chances and considerably contributed to Vivian Richards scoring hundreds in three consecutive Tests.
When New Zealand toured India the next year, he topped the batting averages with 65.33, and scored 305 runs in the tour of Australia. He did not have a very good time behind the stumps against Pakistan and West Indies in 1978–79.
He was dropped in favour of Bharath Reddy for the 1979 Cricket World Cup and the subsequent series against England. Sunil Gavaskar was also sacked as the captain. Though Kirmani was dropped ostensibly for performance, there was a rumour that the real reason was that both he and Gavaskar had been approached by the organisers of the Kerry Packer's World Series Cricket.
wn.com/Syed_Kirmani -
Tamil people
Tamil people (Tamil: தமிழர், tamiḻar ?), are an ethnic group native to Tamil Nadu, India and the north-eastern region of Sri Lanka. Historic and post 15th century emigrant communities are also found across the world, notably Malaysia, Singapore, Mauritius, South Africa, Australia, Canada, Réunion (France) and the UK. Since the early BCE, urbanization and mercantile activity along the western and eastern coast of what is today Kerala and Tamil Nadu led to the development of four large Tamil political states (Chera, Chola, Pandya and Pallavas) and a number of small petty states warring amongst themselves for dominance. Between the 3rd century BCE and the 3rd century CE Tamil people also produced native literature that came to be called Sangam literature. In centuries BCE religions such as Jainism, Buddhism and Vedic religion was spread amongst the populace.
Tamils were noted for their military, religious and mercantile activities beyond their native borders. Pandyas and Cholas were historically active in Sri Lanka. Pallava traders and religious leaders travelled to South East Asia and played an important role in the cultural Indianisation of the region. Locally developed scripts such as Grantha and Pallava script induced the development of many native scripts such as Khmer, Javanese and Thai.
wn.com/Tamil_people -
Tipu Sultan
Tipu Sultan (November 1750, Devanahalli – 4 May 1799, Seringapatam), also known as the Tiger of Mysore, was the de facto ruler of the Kingdom of Mysore. He was the son of Hyder Ali, at that time an officer in the Mysorean army, and his second wife, Fatima or Fakhr-un-Nissa. He was given a number of honorific titles, and was referred to as Sultan Fateh Ali Khan Shahab, Tipu Saheb, Bahadur Khan Tipu Sultan or Fatih Ali Khan Tipu Sultan Bahadur.
During Tipu's childhood, his father rose to take power in Mysore, and Tipu took over rule of the kingdom upon his father's death. In addition to his role as ruler, he was a scholar, soldier, and poet. He was a devout Muslim but the majority of his subjects were Hindus. At the request of the French, he built a church, the first in Mysore. He was proficient in many languages. In alliance with the French in their struggle with the British, and in Mysore's struggles with other surrounding powers, both Tipu Sultan and Hyder Ali used their French trained army against the Marathas, Sira, rulers of Malabar, Coorg, Bednur, Carnatic, and Travancore. He won important victories against the British in the Second Anglo-Mysore War, and negotiated the 1784 Treaty of Mangalore with them after his father died the previous year.
wn.com/Tipu_Sultan -
Veera Ballala II
Veera Ballala II (Kannada: ವೀರ ಬಲ್ಲಾಳ) (1173–1220 CE) was perhaps the greatest monarch of the Hoysala Empire. This is proven by his successes against the Seuna, Southern Kalachuri, Pandya and the waning Kalyani Chalukya and Chola dynasties. His period also saw prolific literary activity in Kannada. He patronised Ranna and Rudrabhatta. During his forty seven years of rule, the Hoysala kingdom consolidated to the extent of being called an independent empire. The Kedareshwara temple at Halebidu and Amritheswara temple in Chikmagalur were some important temples built by him.
Ballala II was unhappy with the shrinking size of the Hoysala kingdom during the rule of his not too popular father Narasimha I. With the help of some malnad chiefs, Ballala II overthrew his father and assumed control of the kingdom. He later ensured the same Malnad chiefs could not rise against him.
During his early rule in 1178 Ballala II captured Hanagal and tried to reach Belvola where he faced defeat against the Kalachuri. But in the subsequent years with the weakening of the Kalachuri after the assassination of Bijjala II and the waning of the Kalyani Chalukya power, Veera Ballala II once again pressed his claims over these northern territories. He captured Balligavi from the Kalachuri and defeated Chalukya Somesvara IV in 1187. He won a comprehensive victory against the Seuna Bhillama V at Soraturu in 1190 and gained much material and land gains from the victory. An inscription dated 1196 claims he had reached as far north as Kaliburgi (Gulbarga). He certainly had full control over lands up to the Krishna River. However by 1212 it seems some of his gains were lost due to southern incursions of Senua Singhana II.
wn.com/Veera_Ballala_II -
Venkatesh Prasad
Bapu Krishnarao Venkatesh Prasad (Kannada: ಬಾಪು ಕೃಷ್ಣರಾವ್ ವೆಂಕಟೇಶ್ ಪ್ರಸಾದ್) pronunciation (help·info) (born 5 August 1969 in Bangalore, Karnataka) is a former Indian cricketer. He is the bowling coach for Royal Challengers Bangalore in the Indian Premier League, having formerly performed the same role for the Indian cricket team from 2007 to 2009. He made his debut in 1996. Primarily a right-arm medium-fast bowler, Prasad was noted for his bowling combination with Javagal Srinath.
Prasad took 96 wickets from 33 Tests at an average of 35, and 196 wickets from 161 ODIs at an average of 32.3. Prasad was more effective on wickets that helped seam bowling even though his best Test bowling figures of 6 for 33, achieved against Pakistan in the 1999 Test series in India, came on a docile pitch in Chennai; these figures included a spell of bowling in which he took 5 wickets for 0 runs. Notably, he once took 10 wickets in a Test match in Durban, South Africa, in December 1996. It remains his only ten wicket haul in Test cricket. Prasad also took five wicket hauls in England, in 1996, in Sri Lanka, in 2001, and in the West Indies, in 1997. Prasad played his final Test match in Sri Lanka in 2001. One of his finest moments came in 1996 Cricket World Cup when after being hit for a boundary and openly sledged by Pakistan batsman Aamir Sohail, Prasad clean bowled Sohail the very next ball, (which many consider the turning point of the match).
wn.com/Venkatesh_Prasad -
Vinay Kumar
Ranganath Vinay Kumar pronunciation (help·info) (Kannada: ವಿನಯ್ ಕುಮಾರ್) (born 12 February 1984) is an Indian cricket player who has played for India at Test, One Day International (ODI) and Twenty20 levels. He is a right-arm medium fast bowler who plays domesticy cricket for Karnataka and also in the Indian Premier League for the Bangalore Royal Challengers (2008-2010) and the Kochi Tuskers Kerala in 2011. He will return to play for the Royal Challengers in the 2012 IPL after the franchise picked him up for US$1 million.
Vinay Kumar was born in Davangere, Karnataka, on 12 February 1984. His father was an auto rickshaw driver. He attended a government school in Davangere before graduating from the A.R.G. Arts and Commerce College with a Bachelor of Commerce degree.
Vinay Kumar broke into Karnataka's Ranji Trophy team in the 2004–05 season. He was the Ranji Trophy's second-highest wicket-taker in the 2007-08 season, with 40 at an average of 18.52. He was signed by the Royal Challengers Bangalore for the inaugural Indian Premier League (IPL) in 2008.
wn.com/Vinay_Kumar -
Visvesvaraya
Sir Mokshagundam Visvesvaraya(Telugu: మోక్షగుండం విశ్వేశ్వరయ్య) (Kannada: ಮೋಕ್ಷಗುಂಡಂ ವಿಶ್ವೇಶ್ವರಯ್ಯ , KCIE, popularly known as Sir MV; 15 September 1861 – 14 April 1962) was a notable Indian engineer, scholar, statesman and the Diwan of Mysore during 1912 to 1918. He was a recipient of the Indian Republic's highest honour, the Bharat Ratna, in 1955. He was knighted as a Commander of the British Indian Empire by King George V for his myriad contributions to the public good. Every year, 15 September is celebrated as Engineer's Day in India in his memory. He is held in high regard pre-eminent engineer of India. He was the chief designer of the flood protection system for the city of Hyderabad, as well as the chief engineer responsible for the construction of the Krishna Raja Sagara dam in Mysore.
Visvesvaraya was born in 1860, in the Kingdom of Mysore, to a Telugu Brahmin family of Mokshagundam Srinivasa Sastry and Venkatalakshmamma in present day Muddenahalli village, 40 miles from Bangalore, India. Visvesvaraya lost his father at the age of 15. He enrolled for primary school in Chikballapur, and attended high school in Bangalore. He earned his Bachelor of Arts from Madras University in 1881 and later studied civil engineering at the prestigious College of Engineering, Pune, popularly known as COEP.
wn.com/Visvesvaraya -
Winston Churchill
Sir Winston Leonard Spencer-Churchill, KG, OM, CH, TD, PC, DL, FRS, Hon. RA (30 November 1874 – 24 January 1965) was a British Conservative politician and statesman known for his leadership of the United Kingdom during the Second World War. Widely regarded as one of the greatest wartime leaders of the century, he served as Prime Minister twice (1940–45 and 1951–55). A noted statesman and orator, Churchill was also an officer in the British Army, a historian, a writer, and an artist. He is the only British prime minister to have received the Nobel Prize in Literature, and was the first person to be made an Honorary Citizen of the United States.
Churchill was born into the aristocratic family of the Dukes of Marlborough. His father, Lord Randolph Churchill, was a charismatic politician who served as Chancellor of the Exchequer; his mother, Jenny Jerome, was an American socialite. As a young army officer, he saw action in British India, the Sudan, and the Second Boer War. He gained fame as a war correspondent and wrote books about his campaigns.
wn.com/Winston_Churchill
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WHY BANGALORE IS SO FAMOUS CITY IN INDIA and IN THE WORLD?? HERE IS THE ANSWER....
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 6:27
- Updated: 08 Feb 2013
bengaluru is the most devlopping mega metropolis in india...here are some photos of bengaluru city....
http://wn.com/WHY_BANGALORE_IS_SO_FAMOUS_CITY_IN_INDIA_and_IN_THE_WORLD??_HERE_IS_THE_ANSWER
bengaluru is the most devlopping mega metropolis in india...here are some photos of bengaluru city....
little BANGALORE
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 5:06
- Updated: 09 Feb 2013
"Every great city in the world has a story that has been passed down the ages. The garden city of India is one such city. A home to countless people from all over the country, making a lifetime of memories. It may not be the best city in the world, but the spirit of its people is unmatched. This film is our take on the Bangalore we have grown to love. A tribute to our city and its people. This is the story of our 'little Bangalore'. " Director: Atul Kattukaran DOP Anup J Kat Music: Rahull Raut Team 1st December: Mario Jerome Neil D' souza Shonali Mani Claude Loren Vinay Jain Special Thanks: Vinay Jain (our little inspiration) Mr. Sudesh Pai ( 13th floor Restaurant ) Mark Swaroop RJ. Anjaan RJ. Meghna Sylvester Pradeep Saleem Dawood ( Monarch ) George Seemon Vinay ( The kid ) JWT Bangalore Powered by: www.1stdecember.com
http://wn.com/little_BANGALORE
"Every great city in the world has a story that has been passed down the ages. The garden city of India is one such city. A home to countless people from all over the country, making a lifetime of memories. It may not be the best city in the world, but the spirit of its people is unmatched. This film is our take on the Bangalore we have grown to love. A tribute to our city and its people. This is the story of our 'little Bangalore'. " Director: Atul Kattukaran DOP Anup J Kat Music: Rahull Raut Team 1st December: Mario Jerome Neil D' souza Shonali Mani Claude Loren Vinay Jain Special Thanks: Vinay Jain (our little inspiration) Mr. Sudesh Pai ( 13th floor Restaurant ) Mark Swaroop RJ. Anjaan RJ. Meghna Sylvester Pradeep Saleem Dawood ( Monarch ) George Seemon Vinay ( The kid ) JWT Bangalore Powered by: www.1stdecember.com
- published: 24 Aug 2012
- views: 408871
- author: 1stDecemberFilms
indian air show bangalore 2013
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 2:29
- Updated: 08 Feb 2013
indian air show bangalore 2013 For more Videos Please Subscribe To- www.youtube.com
http://wn.com/indian_air_show_bangalore_2013
indian air show bangalore 2013 For more Videos Please Subscribe To- www.youtube.com
- published: 06 Feb 2013
- views: 3958
- author: AmruthaEntertainment
Aero India 2013 kicks off in Bangalore
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 0:50
- Updated: 08 Feb 2013
Day one of the The five-day biennial Aero India took off today with a spectacular air show in Bangalore. Fighters, choppers and other military aircraft demonstrated their fire power and display of breath-taking aerobatics. Defence minister AK Antony inaugurated the Aeroindia 2013, which happens to be asia's biggest airshow. Some of the imminent people present at the show were Civil aviation minister Ajit Singh, minister of state Jitendra Singh, Air Chief NAK Browne and DRDO chief VK Saraswat. For more log on to www.newsx.com Follow NewsX on Facebook at https
http://wn.com/Aero_India_2013_kicks_off_in_Bangalore
Day one of the The five-day biennial Aero India took off today with a spectacular air show in Bangalore. Fighters, choppers and other military aircraft demonstrated their fire power and display of breath-taking aerobatics. Defence minister AK Antony inaugurated the Aeroindia 2013, which happens to be asia's biggest airshow. Some of the imminent people present at the show were Civil aviation minister Ajit Singh, minister of state Jitendra Singh, Air Chief NAK Browne and DRDO chief VK Saraswat. For more log on to www.newsx.com Follow NewsX on Facebook at https
- published: 07 Feb 2013
- views: 2180
- author: newsxlive
Bangalore - A multi-faceted city
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 8:23
- Updated: 06 Feb 2013
Bangalore, the capital city of Karnataka is known by its various titles - IT City, India's Silicon Valley, Pub City, Mall City among others. What gives Bangalore this unique set of characters and its identity - making it a popular spot for backpackers, investors and the locals alike...
http://wn.com/Bangalore_A_multi-faceted_city
Bangalore, the capital city of Karnataka is known by its various titles - IT City, India's Silicon Valley, Pub City, Mall City among others. What gives Bangalore this unique set of characters and its identity - making it a popular spot for backpackers, investors and the locals alike...
- published: 06 Nov 2008
- views: 140372
- author: ITExaminer
Jeremy Goes to Bangalore
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 6:42
- Updated: 31 Jan 2013
facebook.com . . .Talking to cows. Peeing in the street. Getting jumped on by angry monkeys. Yep, I knew living in Bangalore would be interesting. . . . free podcast! search the itunes store for "MANIC TURTLE"
http://wn.com/Jeremy_Goes_to_Bangalore
facebook.com . . .Talking to cows. Peeing in the street. Getting jumped on by angry monkeys. Yep, I knew living in Bangalore would be interesting. . . . free podcast! search the itunes store for "MANIC TURTLE"
- published: 01 May 2007
- views: 80418
- author: manicturtle
[Trap] - Varien - Nights in Bangalore Pt.2 [Monstercat Release]
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 4:49
- Updated: 09 Feb 2013
BEATPORT: btprt.dj BANDCAMP: bit.ly SOUNDCLOUD: bit.ly REDDIT: bit.ly ▼ Follow Monstercat Media: Facebook: www.facebook.com Twitter: www.twitter.com Soundcloud: www.soundcloud.com ▼ Follow Varien: YouTube: www.Youtube.com Facebook: www.Facebook.com Twitter: www.Twitter.com Soundcloud: www.Soundcloud.com ▼ Want some new Merchandise? www.monstercat.com
http://wn.com/_Trap_Varien_Nights_in_Bangalore_Pt2_Monstercat_Release_
BEATPORT: btprt.dj BANDCAMP: bit.ly SOUNDCLOUD: bit.ly REDDIT: bit.ly ▼ Follow Monstercat Media: Facebook: www.facebook.com Twitter: www.twitter.com Soundcloud: www.soundcloud.com ▼ Follow Varien: YouTube: www.Youtube.com Facebook: www.Facebook.com Twitter: www.Twitter.com Soundcloud: www.Soundcloud.com ▼ Want some new Merchandise? www.monstercat.com
- published: 16 Jan 2013
- views: 131341
- author: MonstercatMedia
#TATW450 / #ABGT001 Trailer - Bangalore (Feat. Lagori)
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 1:38
- Updated: 09 Feb 2013
Tune in to #TATW450 / #ABGT001 at www.aboveandbeyond.nu on Saturday 10 November. With only a week to go until Above & Beyond's biggest show of the year, the countdown to #TATW450 #ABGT001 in India has officially commenced. If you can't make the show in person, you can join the Global Group Therapy experience online - listen live to the 6 hour radio broadcast and interact with fans across the globe at www.aboveandbeyond.nu, on Saturday 10 November. A big thank you to Lagori for their great cover of "Sun & Moon". Find them here http #TATW450 / #ABGT001 Event times India IST 16:00 - 22:00 London GMT 10:30 - 16:30 Europe Mainland CET 11:30 - 17:30 NY EST 05:30 - 11:30 Chicago CST 04:30 - 10:30 LA PST 02:30 - 08:30 Singapore SGT 18:30 - 00:30 Sydney EDT 21:30 - 03:30 Buenos Aires ART 07:30 - 13:30 Johannesburg SAST 12:30 - 18:30 Website: www.aboveandbeyond.nu Tour Dates www.aboveandbeyond.nu Facebook: www.facebook.com Youtube: www.youtube.com Twitter: www.twitter.com Google+: bit.ly TATW Podcast: bitly.com iTunes: www.itunes.com Anjunastore: www.anjunastore.com Spotify: spoti.fi Mixcloud: www.mixcloud.com Soundcloud: www.soundcloud.com
http://wn.com/_TATW450_ABGT001_Trailer_Bangalore_Feat_Lagori
Tune in to #TATW450 / #ABGT001 at www.aboveandbeyond.nu on Saturday 10 November. With only a week to go until Above & Beyond's biggest show of the year, the countdown to #TATW450 #ABGT001 in India has officially commenced. If you can't make the show in person, you can join the Global Group Therapy experience online - listen live to the 6 hour radio broadcast and interact with fans across the globe at www.aboveandbeyond.nu, on Saturday 10 November. A big thank you to Lagori for their great cover of "Sun & Moon". Find them here http #TATW450 / #ABGT001 Event times India IST 16:00 - 22:00 London GMT 10:30 - 16:30 Europe Mainland CET 11:30 - 17:30 NY EST 05:30 - 11:30 Chicago CST 04:30 - 10:30 LA PST 02:30 - 08:30 Singapore SGT 18:30 - 00:30 Sydney EDT 21:30 - 03:30 Buenos Aires ART 07:30 - 13:30 Johannesburg SAST 12:30 - 18:30 Website: www.aboveandbeyond.nu Tour Dates www.aboveandbeyond.nu Facebook: www.facebook.com Youtube: www.youtube.com Twitter: www.twitter.com Google+: bit.ly TATW Podcast: bitly.com iTunes: www.itunes.com Anjunastore: www.anjunastore.com Spotify: spoti.fi Mixcloud: www.mixcloud.com Soundcloud: www.soundcloud.com
- published: 01 Nov 2012
- views: 38445
- author: aboveandbeyondtv
Bangalore: Man stabs wife 11 times
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 2:55
- Updated: 05 Feb 2013
In a case of premeditated murder a man killed his wife in Bangalore on Monday. The woman identified as Ruchi Chaudhary was allegedly stabbed by her husband Sanjay 11 times. He reportedly tried to slash his wrist but survived with minor injuries. Sanjay, who is now in police custody, reportedly took a flight from Gurgaon where he is currently posted. He reportedly flew down with the murder weapon, a knife. Reports indicate an altercation took place, with the victim's parents and her son going out of their home for help. But it was too late for Ruchi.
http://wn.com/Bangalore_Man_stabs_wife_11_times
In a case of premeditated murder a man killed his wife in Bangalore on Monday. The woman identified as Ruchi Chaudhary was allegedly stabbed by her husband Sanjay 11 times. He reportedly tried to slash his wrist but survived with minor injuries. Sanjay, who is now in police custody, reportedly took a flight from Gurgaon where he is currently posted. He reportedly flew down with the murder weapon, a knife. Reports indicate an altercation took place, with the victim's parents and her son going out of their home for help. But it was too late for Ruchi.
- published: 14 Nov 2012
- views: 2815
- author: ibnlive
Flash mob at CGI office, Bangalore
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 5:40
- Updated: 31 Jan 2013
Logica had a flash mob in the CGI and Logica offices, Bangalore as part of the integration activities after the recent acquisition of Logica by CGI. It was an activity to bring to life the new power of the two combined companies.
http://wn.com/Flash_mob_at_CGI_office,_Bangalore
Logica had a flash mob in the CGI and Logica offices, Bangalore as part of the integration activities after the recent acquisition of Logica by CGI. It was an activity to bring to life the new power of the two combined companies.
- published: 21 Sep 2012
- views: 9861
- author: LogicaPlc
[Dubstep] - Varien - Nights in Bangalore Pt.1 [Monstercat Promo]
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:56
- Updated: 08 Feb 2013
Download here: Link: www.beatport.com Want a FREE Varien T-shirt and pt.2 of this track? Check-out Varien's Note here: Link: www.facebook.com ►Follow Varien: YouTube: www.Youtube.com Facebook: www.Facebook.com Twitter: www.Twitter.com Soundcloud: www.Soundcloud.com ►Follow Play Me Records: Facebook: www.facebook.com Twitter: www.Twitter.com Soundcloud: www.soundcloud.com Beatport: www.beatport.com Check out the brand new Monstercat website! A lot of hard work was put into it and we're very proud of the product! Visit it at monstercat.com ►Follow Monstercat Media: Facebook: www.facebook.com Twitter: www.twitter.com **Want some new Merch?** new.merchnow.com
http://wn.com/_Dubstep_Varien_Nights_in_Bangalore_Pt1_Monstercat_Promo_
Download here: Link: www.beatport.com Want a FREE Varien T-shirt and pt.2 of this track? Check-out Varien's Note here: Link: www.facebook.com ►Follow Varien: YouTube: www.Youtube.com Facebook: www.Facebook.com Twitter: www.Twitter.com Soundcloud: www.Soundcloud.com ►Follow Play Me Records: Facebook: www.facebook.com Twitter: www.Twitter.com Soundcloud: www.soundcloud.com Beatport: www.beatport.com Check out the brand new Monstercat website! A lot of hard work was put into it and we're very proud of the product! Visit it at monstercat.com ►Follow Monstercat Media: Facebook: www.facebook.com Twitter: www.twitter.com **Want some new Merch?** new.merchnow.com
- published: 02 Apr 2012
- views: 225351
- author: MonstercatMedia
Metallica - One (Live - Bangalore, India) - MetOnTour
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 15:18
- Updated: 09 Feb 2013
Footage from the Meet & Greet, Creeping Death in the Tuning Room, and One from the gig in Bangalore. Full setlist and photos available at www.metallica.com.
http://wn.com/Metallica_One_Live_Bangalore,_India_MetOnTour
Footage from the Meet & Greet, Creeping Death in the Tuning Room, and One from the gig in Bangalore. Full setlist and photos available at www.metallica.com.
- published: 10 Nov 2011
- views: 373306
- author: MetallicaTV
Royal Challengers Bangalore vs South Australian Redbacks,Highlights : Nokia CL T20, Match 20
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 7:54
- Updated: 31 Jan 2013
RCB vs Redbacks Highlights : Arun Karthik scored a six from the final ball to put the RCB through to the semi-finals of the NCL T20 with a two-wicket win over the Redbacks.
http://wn.com/Royal_Challengers_Bangalore_vs_South_Australian_Redbacks,Highlights_Nokia_CL_T20,_Match_20
RCB vs Redbacks Highlights : Arun Karthik scored a six from the final ball to put the RCB through to the semi-finals of the NCL T20 with a two-wicket win over the Redbacks.
- published: 06 Oct 2011
- views: 59746
- author: espnstar
Lamb Of God :: Walk With Me In Hell :: Bangalore India 2012 (LIVE HD) :: Now Delhi
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 5:08
- Updated: 08 Feb 2013
Lamb of God performing 'Walk with me in Hell' from the Sacrament album in Bangalore India, May 2012. This was also just before Randy Blythe was jailed in Czech Republic for hitting a fan. www.nowdelhi.tv The audio is a live track synced with the studio recording. The camera shakes are courtesy the intense moshpits.
http://wn.com/Lamb_Of_God_Walk_With_Me_In_Hell_Bangalore_India_2012_LIVE_HD_Now_Delhi
Lamb of God performing 'Walk with me in Hell' from the Sacrament album in Bangalore India, May 2012. This was also just before Randy Blythe was jailed in Czech Republic for hitting a fan. www.nowdelhi.tv The audio is a live track synced with the studio recording. The camera shakes are courtesy the intense moshpits.
- published: 08 Jul 2012
- views: 26229
- author: nowdelhi
Dr. Kumar Vishwas in Bangalore on 15th Oct 2011.
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 10:32
- Updated: 20 Jan 2013
Dr. Kumar Vishwas in Bangalore on 15th Oct 2011.
http://wn.com/Dr_Kumar_Vishwas_in_Bangalore_on_15th_Oct_2011
Dr. Kumar Vishwas in Bangalore on 15th Oct 2011.
- published: 16 Oct 2011
- views: 18546
- author: mtv1507
Natalie with AR Rahman in Bangalore (Behind-the scenes)
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 8:28
- Updated: 08 Feb 2013
Facebook Page: www.facebook.com Twitter: www.twitter.com Special thanks for helping me shoot this: Savinderji, Suresh, Harshdeep, Nitesh, Hrriday Gattani And also thanks to these youtube users. Some footage taken from: syedtanzeemuddin TheSuper10dulkar Telegu Cinema Videos Contact: Jyotsna.bhat@ymail.com
http://wn.com/Natalie_with_AR_Rahman_in_Bangalore_Behind-the_scenes
Facebook Page: www.facebook.com Twitter: www.twitter.com Special thanks for helping me shoot this: Savinderji, Suresh, Harshdeep, Nitesh, Hrriday Gattani And also thanks to these youtube users. Some footage taken from: syedtanzeemuddin TheSuper10dulkar Telegu Cinema Videos Contact: Jyotsna.bhat@ymail.com
- published: 13 Jun 2011
- views: 235922
- author: nataliedi2
Dr. Subramanian Swamy on "Hidden Facts About 2G Spectrum" in Bangalore
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 65:19
- Updated: 06 Feb 2013
[indiawires.com video] Dr. Swamy talking about corruption in a programme organised by Youth Against Corruption, Karnataka in Bangalore
http://wn.com/Dr_Subramanian_Swamy_on_Hidden_Facts_About_2G_Spectrum_in_Bangalore
[indiawires.com video] Dr. Swamy talking about corruption in a programme organised by Youth Against Corruption, Karnataka in Bangalore
- published: 20 Oct 2011
- views: 26316
- author: indiawires
![[HD] Nothing Else Matters/Enter Sandman - Metallica live in Bangalore 2011](http://web.archive.org./web/20130210161158im_/http://i.ytimg.com/vi/_Nd-xIYgvAk/default.jpg "[HD] Nothing Else Matters/Enter Sandman - Metallica live in Bangalore 2011")
[HD] Nothing Else Matters/Enter Sandman - Metallica live in Bangalore 2011
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 12:16
- Updated: 06 Jan 2013
Metallica in Bangalore, India Metallica Entry+Creeping Death www.youtube.com Nothing Else Matters/Enter Sandman www.youtube.com One www.youtube.com For whom the bell tolls For Whom the Bell Tolls www.youtube.com
http://wn.com/_HD_Nothing_Else_Matters_Enter_Sandman_Metallica_live_in_Bangalore_2011
Metallica in Bangalore, India Metallica Entry+Creeping Death www.youtube.com Nothing Else Matters/Enter Sandman www.youtube.com One www.youtube.com For whom the bell tolls For Whom the Bell Tolls www.youtube.com
- published: 30 Oct 2011
- views: 24673
- author: Ankit Chowdhary
Metallica - Nothing Else Matters & Enter Sandman (Rock in India, Bangalore 2011)
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 12:16
- Updated: 04 Jan 2013
Photos & videos here: mithunonthe.net - for more from this amazing concert. Biffy Clyro opened for Metallica! One & Master of Puppets - www.youtube.com
http://wn.com/Metallica_Nothing_Else_Matters_Enter_Sandman_Rock_in_India,_Bangalore_2011
Photos & videos here: mithunonthe.net - for more from this amazing concert. Biffy Clyro opened for Metallica! One & Master of Puppets - www.youtube.com
- published: 30 Oct 2011
- views: 51639
- author: darkchild82
Work From Home Ideas / Jobs - 60 Seconds Profits !!
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 16:28
- Updated: 09 Feb 2013
CLICK HERE -- binarymoney.org -- Start Making Money Every 60 Seconds Right NOW ! There are many ways to stay at home and still make money. In fact the Internet has made this a real possibility for many people. If you haven't ever taken the opportunity to search for stay at home employment opportunities online, you probably should. You will discover hundreds of pages offering advice on how to stay home and earn money. If you are stick and tired of going to work day after day and are ready to start working on your own, consider taking advantage of the unique situation available. Plus, with the sagging economy, this is a great way to put a little extra cash in your pocket. While there are numerous online money earning opportunities available, one of the best ways to earn money online is to start an online business. In fact, it is now easier than it has ever been before. If you don't want to you don't have to rent a store, find a warehouse, or even pay someone to make a website. The Internet has changed how we do business and it is now easier than ever to start a business and start making money online. Let's look at just how simple it can be. If you want your own business, but you don't want to have to go at it alone, consider working with established companies to create your business. Did you know that you can work with eBay and Amazon to have a business easily. They handle your business and moderate your accounts all in exchange for a small percentage of your overall sales ...
http://wn.com/Work_From_Home_Ideas_Jobs_60_Seconds_Profits_!!
CLICK HERE -- binarymoney.org -- Start Making Money Every 60 Seconds Right NOW ! There are many ways to stay at home and still make money. In fact the Internet has made this a real possibility for many people. If you haven't ever taken the opportunity to search for stay at home employment opportunities online, you probably should. You will discover hundreds of pages offering advice on how to stay home and earn money. If you are stick and tired of going to work day after day and are ready to start working on your own, consider taking advantage of the unique situation available. Plus, with the sagging economy, this is a great way to put a little extra cash in your pocket. While there are numerous online money earning opportunities available, one of the best ways to earn money online is to start an online business. In fact, it is now easier than it has ever been before. If you don't want to you don't have to rent a store, find a warehouse, or even pay someone to make a website. The Internet has changed how we do business and it is now easier than ever to start a business and start making money online. Let's look at just how simple it can be. If you want your own business, but you don't want to have to go at it alone, consider working with established companies to create your business. Did you know that you can work with eBay and Amazon to have a business easily. They handle your business and moderate your accounts all in exchange for a small percentage of your overall sales ...
- published: 04 Sep 2012
- views: 230126
- author: Joan Martinez
Sivamani & Stephen Devassy Live In Concert - Christ College Bangalore
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 11:51
- Updated: 26 Jan 2013
Percussion Maestro SIVAMANI & fastest Indian keyboard Player STEPHEN DEVASSY (The Flying Fingers on KEYS)
http://wn.com/Sivamani_Stephen_Devassy_Live_In_Concert_Christ_College_Bangalore
Percussion Maestro SIVAMANI & fastest Indian keyboard Player STEPHEN DEVASSY (The Flying Fingers on KEYS)
- published: 11 Nov 2011
- views: 45181
- author: Ranjith Menon
3 idiots making @ IIM Bangalore
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 5:24
- Updated: 06 Feb 2013
making of 3 idiots in IIM Bangalore....
http://wn.com/3_idiots_making_@_IIM_Bangalore
![CEC SOMA CICI[TBM] Tunnel Boring Machine- HELEN- Bangalore Metro](http://web.archive.org./web/20130210161158im_/http://i.ytimg.com/vi/zgv7C5rFnkY/default.jpg "CEC SOMA CICI[TBM] Tunnel Boring Machine- HELEN- Bangalore Metro")
CEC SOMA CICI[TBM] Tunnel Boring Machine- HELEN- Bangalore Metro
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 7:13
- Updated: 26 Jan 2013
www.dsphotoworks.com
http://wn.com/CEC_SOMA_CICI_TBM_Tunnel_Boring_Machine_HELEN_Bangalore_Metro
photo: AP / Ugarit News via AP video
09 Feb 2013
BEIRUT, Lebanon — The video has gone viral in recent days. Syrian government soldiers, in camouflage gear, carrying rocket-propelled grenades and brandishing rifles, mugging for the camera while dancing in a circle to Usher’s hit song “Yeah!”. Enlarge This Image. Ugarit News, via Associated Press. In a video posted online, Syrian soldiers chant and dance to Usher’s hit song “Yeah!”. Related. U.N ... Twitter List ... Raw ... ....(size: 8.2Kb)
photo: WN / Imran Nissar
09 Feb 2013
NEW DELHI (AP) — Indian news channels are reporting that a Kashmiri man convicted in the 2001 attack on India's Parliament has been hanged ... World news. Last 24 hours....(size: 5.9Kb)
photo: WN / Janice Sabnal
09 Feb 2013
Thick snow is blanketing the north-eastern US as a major storm cuts power to thousands of homes and plays havoc with transport schedules. Massachusetts, Rhode Island, New York, Connecticut and Maine are all on an emergency footing, with millions of residents being warned to stay indoors. Massachusetts Governor Deval Patrick has temporarily banned all non-essential traffic on the state's roads ... Worse to come? ... Stay home." ... Light....(size: 5.7Kb)
photo: White House / Pete Souza
09 Feb 2013
For all of his liberal positions on the environment, taxes and health care, President Barack Obama is a hawk when it comes to the war on terror. From deadly drones to secret interrogations to withholding evidence in terror lawsuits, Obama's Democratic White House has followed the path of his predecessor, Republican President George W. Bush. The U.S ... 11, 2001 ... His confirmation was delayed for three weeks and nearly derailed ... soil ... security....(size: 9.1Kb)
photo: WN / Ahmed Deeb
10 Feb 2013
A protester holds a banner reading "Be careful Mr President Hollande, Tunisia is not Mali" at a demonstration in Tunis on February 9. (AP). More Coverage. Late last year, largely unnoticed in the West, Tunisia's president, Moncef Marzouki, gave an interview to Chatham House's The World Today ... "We didn't realise how dangerous and violent these Salafists could be ... They are a tiny minority within a tiny minority ... Threats ... ....(size: 13.5Kb)
DNA India
10 Feb 2013
Speaking to reporters, former chief minister HD Kumaraswamy stated that the new initiative from the party would go a long way in clarifying the party’s standing on urban Karnataka, including Bangalore. “We had been branded as the party without a vision for Bangalore ... The foundation for the growth of IT industry in Bangalore was laid by my ......(size: 2.1Kb)
The Hindu
10 Feb 2013
Nasdaq listed Cadence Design Systems, which makes integrated circuits has acquired Bangalore based Cosmic Circuits for an undisclosed sum ... As part of this transaction, the IC and Systems business of ... Founded in 2005 the Bangalore based, Cosmic Circuits has more than 75 global customers ... Keywords....(size: 1.4Kb)
Newstrack India
10 Feb 2013
Tweet. New Delhi, Feb 10 (IANS) Percept Live has cancelled FLY Music Festival, scheduled to take place here and in Bangalore, due to unforeseen circumstances ... Read More ... Bangalore Royal Challengers IPL ... Delhi ... Bangalore Rural ... Bangalore Gpo . Bangalore City Mdg . Bangalore Corporation Building . Bangalore Fort . Bangalore Dist Offices Bldg ... NIMHANS Bangalore ... ) .. ). ... . . . . . .. . . .. ....(size: 2.7Kb)
DNA India
10 Feb 2013
Even as pilots from all over the world showcased their aerobatic skills, it was the proficiency of a tractor mechanic that stood out on day four of the Aero India 2013. Pradip S Mohite, 28, a tractor mechanic by profession, from Sangli district, Maharashtra, has developed a helicopter using automobile components ... Tweet. ....(size: 1.8Kb)
Yahoo Daily News
10 Feb 2013
Bengalurugifts.com brings wide range of Valentines Day Gifts and Flowers to Bangalore that would help express the Valentines Day feelings in the most effective way ... It also helps the customers place online orders to send Valentines Day gifts to Bangalore ... This year, BengaluruGifts.com has made special arrangements to deliver Valentine's Day Gifts to Bangalore in the most effective way....(size: 2.3Kb)
Seattle Post
10 Feb 2013
Bengalurugifts.com brings wide range of Valentines Day Gifts and Flowers to Bangalore that would help express the Valentines Day feelings in the most effective way ... It also helps the customers place online orders to send Valentines Day gifts to Bangalore ... This year, BengaluruGifts.com has made special arrangements to deliver Valentine's Day Gifts to Bangalore in the most effective way....(size: 2.3Kb)
DNA India
10 Feb 2013
“We can’t expect to ensure Bangalore is free from garbage menace within a few weeks or months ... “Bangalore Hoteliers’ Association had committed to process the dry and wet waste ... Advocate general Uday Holla emphasised on the need to change the mindset of people to make Bangalore free from garbage....(size: 3.3Kb)
The Hindu
10 Feb 2013
Regal lodge in Cottonpet ... She left as the duo entered the lounge ... Roopali, from a lower middle class family from Kanpur, had come to Bangalore in search of a job ... Her family is so hard up they could not afford to come to Bangalore to claim the body ... Keywords. Roopali murder case, Bangalore crime, U.G....(size: 1.5Kb)
The Times of India
10 Feb 2013
BANGALORE. Noopura Bhramari Dance Researchers' Forum in association with Bharatiya Vidya Bhavan, Bangalore are all set to organise a national-level conference on 'dance research. proximity and practicality' at Kincha Auditorium, Bharatiya Vidyabhavan, Race Course Road in Bangalore on February 15 ... ....(size: 1.7Kb)
The Times of India
10 Feb 2013
The Times of India
10 Feb 2013
The Times of India
10 Feb 2013
BANGALORE. Government doctor's strike on third day claimed the life of a 30-year-old labourer in Sidlagatta, Chickckaballapur, around 50 kilometers from Bangalore as there were no doctors in government ......(size: 1.0Kb)
The Times of India
10 Feb 2013
For other uses, see Bangalore (disambiguation).
| Bangalore Bengaluru |
|
|---|---|
| — Metropolitan city — | |
 |
|
 Bangalore
|
|
| Coordinates: 12°58′0″N 77°34′0″E / 12.966667°N 77.566667°E / 12.966667; 77.566667Coordinates: 12°58′0″N 77°34′0″E / 12.966667°N 77.566667°E / 12.966667; 77.566667 | |
| Country | India |
| State | Karnataka |
| Region | Bayaluseeme |
| District | Bangalore Urban |
| Established | |
| Government | |
| • Mayor | D Venkatesh Murthy |
| • Commissioner | Shankarlinge Gowda[1] |
| Area[2] | |
| • Metropolitan city | 741.0 km2 (286.1 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 920 m (3,020 ft) |
| Population (2011) | |
| • Metropolitan city | 8,425,970 |
| • Rank | 3rd |
| • Density | 11,000/km2 (29,000/sq mi) |
| • Metro[3] | 8,499,399 |
| [4] | |
| Languages | |
| • Official | Kannada |
| Time zone | IST (UTC+5:30) |
| PIN | 560 xxx |
| Telephone code | 91-(0)80-XXXX XXXX |
| Vehicle registration | KA 01-05, KA 41, KA 50, KA 51, KA 53 |
| Climate | BW (Köppen) |
| Website | www.bbmp.gov.in |
Bangalore /ˈbæŋɡəlɔər/, also rendered Bengaluru,[needs IPA] is the capital of the Indian state of Karnataka. Bangalore is nicknamed the Garden City for its gardens and parks and was once called a pensioner's paradise.[5] Located on the Deccan Plateau in the south-eastern part of Karnataka, Bangalore is India's third most populous city and fifth-most populous urban agglomeration. Bangalore is well known as a hub for India's information technology sector. It is among the top 10 preferred entrepreneurial locations in the world.[6]
A succession of South Indian dynasties ruled the region of Bangalore until in 1537 AD Kempe Gowda—a feudatory ruler under the Vijayanagara Empire—established a mud fort considered to be the foundation of modern Bangalore. Following transitory occupation by Maratha and Mughal, the city remained under the Mysore kingdom. Bangalore continued to be a cantonment of the British and a major city of the Princely State of Mysore which existed as a nominally sovereign entity of the British Raj. Following the independence of India in 1947, Bangalore became the capital of Mysore state, and later Karnataka.
Today as a large city and growing metropolis, Bangalore is home to many well-recognized colleges and research institutions in India. Numerous public sector heavy industries, software companies, aerospace, telecommunications, and defence organisations are located in the city. Bangalore is known as the Silicon Valley of India because of its position as the nation's leading IT exporter.[7][8][9] A demographically diverse city, Bangalore is a major economic and cultural hub and the second fastest growing major metropolis in India.[10]
Contents |
Etymology[link]
The name Bangalore is an anglicised version of the town's name in the Kannada language, Bengaḷūru [ˈbeŋɡəɭuːru] ( listen). The earliest reference to the name "Bengaluru" was found in a ninth century Western Ganga Dynasty stone inscription on a "vīra gallu" (ವೀರಗಲ್ಲು) (literally, "hero stone", a rock edict extolling the virtues of a warrior). In this inscription found in Begur, "Bengaluru" is referred to as a place in which a battle was fought in 890. It states that the place was part of the Ganga Kingdom until 1004 and was known as "Bengaval-uru", the "City of Guards" in Halegannada (Old Kannada).[11] An article, published in The Hindu, states:
An inscription, dating back to 890 CE, shows Bangalore is over 1,000 years old. But it stands neglected at the Parvathi Nageshwara Temple in Begur near the city... written in Hale Kannada (Old Kannada) of the 9th century CE, the epigraph refers to a Bengaluru war in 890 in which Buttanachetty, a servant of Nagatta, died. Though this has been recorded by historian R. Narasimhachar in his Epigraphia of Carnatica (Vol. 10 supplementary), no efforts have been made to preserve it.[12]
An apocryphal, though popular, anecdote recounts that the 11th century Hoysala king Veera Ballala II, while on a hunting expedition, lost his way in the forest. Tired and hungry, he came across a poor old woman who served him boiled beans. The grateful king named the place "benda-kaal-uru" (Kannada: ಬೆಂದಕಾಳೂರು) (literally, "town of boiled beans"), which eventually evolved into "Bengalūru".[13][14]
On 11 December 2005, the Government of Karnataka announced that it had accepted a proposal by Jnanpith Award winner U. R. Ananthamurthy to rename Bangalore to Bengaluru.[15] On 27 September 2006, the Bruhat Bengaluru Mahanagara Palike (BBMP) passed a resolution to implement the proposed name change,[16] which was accepted by the Government of Karnataka and it was decided to officially implement the name change from 1 November 2006.[17][18] However, this process has been currently stalled due to delays in getting clearances from the Union Home Ministry.[19]
History[link]
Main article: History of Bangalore
After centuries of the rule of the Western Gangas, Bangalore was captured by the Cholas in 1024 which later passed on to the Chalukya-cholas in 1070. In 1116 the Hoysala Empire, overthrew the Cholas and extended its rule over Bangalore. Modern Bangalore was founded by a vassal of the Vijayanagara Empire, Kempe Gowda I, who built a mud-brick fort and a Nandi Temple in the proximity of modern Bangalore in 1537. Yelahanka is one of the oldest towns in Karnataka and it is believed that it has a history of more than 500 years. It is the home town for the ruling king called Kempegowda (under a provision given by Krishnadevaraya) who built Bangalore City. Kempe Gowda referred to the new town as his "gandubhūmi" or "Land of Heroes".[14]
Within Bangalore, the town was divided into smaller divisions – each called a "pete" (IPA: [peːteː]). The town had two main streets – Chikkapete Street, which ran east-west, and Doddapete Street, which ran north-south. Their intersection formed the Doddapete Square — the heart of Bangalore. Kempe Gowda's successor, Kempe Gowda II, built four towers that marked Bangalore's boundary. Myth says that the city would befall great calamity if it extended beyond these four towers.[20] During the Vijayanagara rule, Bangalore was also referred to as "Devarāyanagara" and "Kalyānapura" ("Auspicious City").
After the fall of the Vijayanagara Empire, Bangalore's rule changed hands several times. In 1638, a large Bijapur army led by Ranadulla Khan and accompanied by Shahji Bhonsle defeated Kempe Gowda III and Bangalore was given to Shahaji as a jagir. In 1687, the Mughal general Kasim Khan defeated Ekoji I/Venkoji, son of Shahaji, and then sold Bangalore to Chikkadevaraja Wodeyar (1673–1704) of Mysore for 300,000 rupees.[21][22] After the death of Krishnaraja Wodeyar II in 1759, Hyder Ali, Commander-in-Chief of the Mysore Army, proclaimed himself the de facto ruler of Mysore. The kingdom later passed to Hyder Ali's son Tippu Sultan, known as the Tiger of Mysore.
Bangalore fort was captured by the British armies under Lord Cornwallis on 21 March 1791 during the Third Anglo-Mysore War and formed a centre for British resistance against Tippu Sultan,[23] being incorporated into the British Indian Empire after Tippu Sultan was defeated and killed in the Fourth Anglo-Mysore War (1799). The British returned administrative control of the Bangalore "pētē" to the Maharaja of Mysore, choosing only to retain the Cantonment under their jurisdiction. The 'Residency' of Mysore State was first established in Mysore in 1799 and later shifted to Bangalore in the year 1804. It was abolished in the year 1843 only to be revived in 1881 at Bangalore and to be closed down permanently in 1947, with Indian independence. The British, found it easier to recruit employees in the Madras Presidency and relocate them to cantonment area during this period. The Kingdom of Mysore relocated its capital from Mysore city to Bangalore in 1831.[24] Two important developments during this period contributed to the rapid growth of the city: the introduction of telegraph connections and a rail connection to Madras in 1864.
In the 19th century, Bangalore essentially became a twin city, with the "pētē", whose residents were predominantly Kannadigas, and the "cantonment" created by the British, whose residents were predominantly Tamils.[25] Bangalore was hit by a plague epidemic in 1898 that dramatically reduced its population. New extensions in Malleswaram and Basavanagudi were developed in the north and south of the pētē. Telephone lines were laid to help co-ordinate anti-plague operations, and a health officer was appointed to the city in 1898. In 1906, Bangalore became the first city in India to have electricity, powered by the hydroelectric plant situated in Shivanasamudra. Bangalore's reputation as the Garden City of India began in 1927 with the Silver Jubilee celebrations of the rule of Krishnaraja Wodeyar IV. Several projects such as the construction of parks, public buildings and hospitals were instituted to improve the city. After Indian independence in August 1947, Bangalore remained in the new Mysore State of which the Maharaja of Mysore was the Rajapramukh.[26]
Public sector employment and education provided opportunities for Kannadigas from the rest of the state to migrate to the city. Bangalore experienced rapid growth in the decades 1941–51 and 1971–81, which saw the arrival of many immigrants from northern Karnataka. By 1961, Bangalore had become the sixth largest city in India, with a population of 1,207,000.[27] In the decades that followed, Bangalore's manufacturing base continued to expand with the establishment of private companies such as MICO (Motor Industries Company), which set up its manufacturing plant in the city. Bangalore experienced a growth in its real estate market in the 1980s and 1990s, spurred by capital investors from other parts of the country who converted Bangalore's large plots and colonial bungalows into multi-storied apartments.[28] In 1985, Texas Instruments became the first multinational corporation to set up base in Bangalore. Other information technology companies followed suit and by the end of the 20th century, Bangalore had firmly established itself as the Silicon Valley of India.
Geography[link]
Main article: Bangalore Metropolitan Environment
Bangalore lies in the southeast of the South Indian state of Karnataka. It is in the heart of the Mysore Plateau (a region of the larger Precambrian Deccan Plateau) at an average elevation of 920 m (3,018 ft). It is positioned at 12°58′N 77°34′E / 12.97°N 77.56°E / 12.97; 77.56 and covers an area of 741 km² (286 mi²).[29] The majority of the city of Bangalore lies in the Bangalore Urban district of Karnataka and the surrounding rural areas are a part of the Bangalore Rural district. The region consisting the Bangalore Urban and Rural districts is known as the Bangalore (region). The Government of Karnataka has carved out the new district of Ramanagara from the old Bangalore Rural district.
The topology of Bangalore is flat except for a central ridge running NNE-SSW. The highest point is Vidyaranyapura Doddabettahalli, which is 962 m (3,156 ft) and lies on this ridge.[30] No major rivers run through the city, though the Arkavathi and South Pennar cross paths at the Nandi Hills, 60 km (37 mi.) to the north. River Vrishabhavathi, a minor tributary of the Arkavathi, arises within the city at Basavanagudi and flows through the city. The rivers Arkavathi and Vrishabhavathi together carry much of Bangalore's sewage. A sewerage system, constructed in 1922, covers 215 km² (133 mi²) of the city and connects with five sewage treatment centres located in the periphery of Bangalore.[31]
In the 16th century, Kempe Gowda I constructed many lakes to meet the town's water requirements. The Kempambudhi Kere, since overrun by modern development, was prominent among those lakes. In the earlier half of 20th century, the Nandi Hills waterworks was commissioned by Sir Mirza Ismail (Diwan of Mysore, 1926–41 CE) to provide a water supply to the city. Currently, the river Kaveri provides around 80% of the total water supply to the city with the remaining 20% being obtained from the Thippagondanahalli and Hesaraghatta reservoirs of the Arkavathi river.[32] Bangalore receives 800 million litres (211 million US gallons) of water a day, more than any other Indian city.[33] However, Bangalore sometimes does face water shortages, especially during the summer season- more so in the years of low rainfall. A random sampling study of the Air Quality Index (AQI) of twenty stations within the city indicated scores that ranged from 76 to 314, suggesting heavy to severe air pollution around areas of traffic concentration.[34]
Bangalore has a handful of freshwater lakes and water tanks, the largest of which are Madivala tank, Hebbal lake, Ulsoor lake and Sankey Tank. Groundwater occurs in silty to sandy layers of the alluvial sediments. The Peninsular Gneissic Complex (PGC) is the most dominant rock unit in the area and includes granites, gneisses and migmatites, while the soils of Bangalore consist of red laterite and red, fine loamy to clayey soils.[34]
Vegetation in the city is primarily in the form of large deciduous canopy and minority coconut trees. Though Bangalore has been classified as a part of the seismic zone II (a stable zone), it has experienced quakes of magnitude as high as 4.5.[35]
Climate[link]
Bangalore experiences a tropical savanna climate (Köppen climate classification Aw) with distinct wet and dry seasons. Due to its high elevation, Bangalore usually enjoys a more moderate climate throughout the year, although occasional heat waves can make things very uncomfortable in the summer.[36] The coolest month is December with an average low temperature of 15.4 °C and the hottest month is April with an average high temperature of 32.8 °C.[37] The highest temperature ever recorded in Bangalore is 38.9 °C(recorded in March 1931) and the lowest ever is 7.8 °C (recorded in January 1884).[38][39] Winter temperatures rarely drop below 12 °C (54 °F), and summer temperatures seldom exceed 34–35 °C (<100 °F). Bangalore receives rainfall from both the northeast and the southwest monsoons and the wettest months are September, October and August, in that order.[37] The summer heat is moderated by fairly frequent thunderstorms, which occasionally cause power outages and local flooding. The heaviest rainfall recorded in a 24-hour period is 179 millimetres (7.0 in) recorded on 1 October 1997.[40]
| Climate data for Bangalore | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Average high °C (°F) | 26.7 (80.1) |
29.3 (84.7) |
32.4 (90.3) |
32.8 (91.0) |
31.3 (88.3) |
28.7 (83.7) |
26.9 (80.4) |
27.1 (80.8) |
28.0 (82.4) |
27.5 (81.5) |
26.4 (79.5) |
25.6 (78.1) |
28.56 (83.41) |
| Average low °C (°F) | 15.8 (60.4) |
16.3 (61.3) |
18.9 (66.0) |
21.0 (69.8) |
20.7 (69.3) |
19.5 (67.1) |
19.0 (66.2) |
18.8 (65.8) |
18.5 (65.3) |
18.2 (64.8) |
17.5 (63.5) |
15.4 (59.7) |
18.30 (64.94) |
| Rainfall mm (inches) | 2.7 (0.106) |
7.2 (0.283) |
4.4 (0.173) |
46.3 (1.823) |
119.6 (4.709) |
80.6 (3.173) |
110.2 (4.339) |
137.0 (5.394) |
194.8 (7.669) |
180.4 (7.102) |
64.5 (2.539) |
22.1 (0.87) |
969.8 (38.181) |
| Avg. rainy days | 0.2 | 0.5 | 0.4 | 3.0 | 7.0 | 6.4 | 8.3 | 10.0 | 9.3 | 9.0 | 4.0 | 1.7 | 59.8 |
| Mean monthly sunshine hours | 263.5 | 248.6 | 272.8 | 258.0 | 241.8 | 138.0 | 111.6 | 114.7 | 144.0 | 173.6 | 189.0 | 211.8 | 2,367.4 |
| Source no. 1: WMO[41] | |||||||||||||
| Source no. 2: HKO (sun only, 1971–1990)[42] | |||||||||||||
Civic administration[link]
See also: Infrastructure in Bangalore
| Bangalore City officials | |
|---|---|
| Municipal Commissioner: | Shankarlinge Gowda[1] |
| Chief Commissioner of Income Tax: | K Satya Narayana[43] |
| Mayor: | Sharadamma[44] |
| Police Commissioner: | Jyothi Prakash Mirji[43] |
File:Vikas Soudha.JPG
The Vikasa Soudha, situated adjacent to the Vidhana Soudha, houses many state ministries.
The Bruhat Bengaluru Mahanagara Palike (BBMP, Greater Bangalore Municipal Corporation) is in charge of the civic administration of the city.[45] It was formed in 2007 by merging 100 wards of the erstwhile Bangalore Mahanagara Palike, with seven neighbouring City Municipal Councils, one Town Municipal Council and 110 villages around Bangalore.[45] The BBMP is run by a city council composed of 250 members, including 198 councillors representing each of the wards of the city and 52 other elected representatives, consisting of members of Parliament and the state legislature.[46] Elections to the council are held once every five years, with results being decided by popular vote. Members contesting elections to the council usually represent one or more of the state's political parties. A mayor and deputy mayor are also elected from among the elected members of the council.[46] Elections to the BBMP were held on 28 March 2010, after a gap of three and a half years since the expiry of the previous elected body's term, and the Bharatiya Janata Party was voted into power – the first time it had ever won a civic poll in the city.[47]
Bangalore's rapid growth has created several problems relating to traffic congestion and infrastructural obsolescence that the Bangalore Mahanagara Palike has found challenging to address. A 2003 Battelle Environmental Evaluation System (BEES) evaluation of Bangalore's physical, biological and socioeconomic parameters indicated that Bangalore's water quality and terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems were close to ideal, while the city's socioeconomic parameters (traffic, quality of life) scored poorly.[48] The unplanned nature of growth in the city resulted in massive traffic gridlocks that the municipality attempted to ease by constructing a flyover system and by imposing one-way traffic systems. Some of the flyovers and one-ways mitigated the traffic situation moderately but were unable to adequately address the disproportionate growth of city traffic.[48] In 2005 both the Central Government and the State Government allocated considerable portions of their annual budgets to address Bangalore's infrastructure.[49] The BBMP works with the Bangalore Development Authority (BDA) and the Agenda for Bengaluru Infrastructure and Development Task Force (ABIDe) to design and implement civic projects. Bangalore generates about 3,000 tonnes of solid waste per day, of which about 1,139 tonnes are collected and sent to composting units such as the Karnataka Composting Development Corporation. The remaining solid waste collected by the municipality is dumped in open spaces or on roadsides outside the city.[50]
The Bangalore City Police (BCP) has six geographic zones, includes the Traffic Police, the City Armed Reserve, the Central Crime Branch and the City Crime Record Bureau and runs 86 police stations, including two all-women police stations.[51] As capital of the state of Karnataka, Bangalore houses important state government facilities such as the Karnataka High Court, the Vidhana Soudha (the home of the Karnataka state legislature) and Raj Bhavan (the residence of the Governor of Karnataka). Bangalore contributes three members to the lower house of the Parliament of India, the Lok Sabha, and 28 members to the Karnataka State Assembly.[52]
Electricity in Bangalore is regulated through the Bangalore Electricity Supply Company (BESCOM),[53] while water supply and sanitation facilities are provided by the Bangalore Water Supply and Sewerage Board (BWSSB).
Economy[link]
Main article: Economy of Bangalore
See also: Housing in Bangalore and Bangalore Metropolitan Environment
Bangalore's 52,346 crore (US$10.44 billion) economy (2006–07 Net District Income) makes it one of the major economic centres in India,[54] with the value of city's exports totalling 43,221 crore (US$8.62 billion) in 2004–05.[55] With an economic growth of 10.3%, Bangalore is the second fastest growing major metropolis in India,[56] and is also the country's fourth largest fast moving consumer goods (FMCG) market.[57] The Forbes magazine considers the city as one of "The Next Decade's Fastest-Growing Cities".[58] With a per capita income of 74,709 (US$1,490.44) in 2006–07,[54] the city is the third largest hub for high net worth individuals and is home to over 10,000 dollar millionaires and about 60,000 super-rich people who have an investable surplus of 4.5 crore (US$1 million) and Rs. 50 lakh (US$ 99,800) respectively.[59]
The headquarters of several public sector undertakings such as Bharat Electronics Limited (BEL), Hindustan Aeronautics Limited (HAL), National Aerospace Laboratories (NAL), Bharat Heavy Electricals Limited (BHEL), Bharat Earth Movers Limited (BEML) and HMT (formerly Hindustan Machine Tools) are located in Bangalore. In June 1972 the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) was established under the Department of Space and headquartered in the city.
Bangalore is called the Silicon Valley of India because of the large number of information technology companies located in the city which contributed 33% of India's Rs. 144,214 crore (US$ 29 billion) IT exports in 2006–07.[60] Bangalore's IT industry is divided into three main clusters — Software Technology Parks of India (STPI); International Tech Park, Bangalore (ITPB); and Electronics City. UB City, the headquarters of the United Breweries Group, is a high-end commercial zone.[61] Infosys and Wipro, India's second and fourth largest software companies are headquartered in Bangalore, as are many of the global SEI-CMM Level 5 Companies.
The growth of IT has presented the city with unique challenges. Ideological clashes sometimes occur between the city's IT moguls, who demand an improvement in the city's infrastructure, and the state government, whose electoral base is primarily the people in rural Karnataka.[62] The encouragement of high-tech industry in Bangalore, for example, has not favoured local employment development, but has, instead, increased land values and forced out small enterprise.[63] The state has also resisted the massive investments required to reverse the rapid decline in intra-city transport which has already begun to drive new and expanding businesses to other centres across India.[64] Bangalore is a hub for biotechnology related industry in India and in the year 2005, around 47% of the 265 biotechnology companies in India were located here; including Biocon, India's largest biotechnology company.[65][66]
Infosys, Cognizant, Wipro, iGate, Tata Consultancy Services, Accenture, Nokia Siemens Networks and US based companies like Texas Instruments, Google, IBM, Hewlett-Packard, Honeywell, Yahoo, Oracle Corporation, Cisco, Microsoft, Intuit and Intel have their research and development centres along with their corporate offices in Bangalore.
Transport[link]
Air[link]
Bangalore is served by the Bengaluru International Airport (IATA: BLR, ICAO: VOBL) which started operations from 24 May 2008. The city was earlier served by the HAL Airport which was India's fourth busiest airport.[67][68][69] Kingfisher Airlines has its registered office in Bangalore.[70] It is now the fourth busiest airport in India in terms of passenger traffic and the number of air traffic movements (ATMs) with about 280 per day.[71] The airport is around 40 km from the city centre. The most hassle-free way to commute is by taxi. Meru cabs and Easy cabs have taxis present in the rank at the airport. There are also certain private cab companies.
Rail[link]
A rapid transit system called the Namma Metro is being built. A 7 km stretch from Bayappanahalli to MG Road was opened to public on 20 October 2011.[72] Once completed, this will encompass a 42.3 km (26.3 mi) elevated and underground rail network comprising 41 stations. It is expected to connect central locations in Bangalore to Devanahalli and the Chikballapur regions.[73] [74] This much-delayed project is the city’s primary response to the worsening intra-city transport infrastructure which has become a major deterrent to continued business growth.[64]
Bangalore comes under the South Western Railway zone of the Indian Railways. Bangalore City Railway station and Yesvantpur Junction connect it to the rest of the country through the Indian Railways. The Bangalore Rajdhani Express connects the city to New Delhi, the capital of India. Bangalore is also connected by rail to most cities in Karnataka, as well as Mumbai, Chennai, Kolkata, Hyderabad, Patna,Mysore,Tatanagar,Trivandrum, Bhopal, and other major cities in India.[75] The sprawling Rail Wheel Factory is Asia's second largest manufacturer of Wheel & Axle for Railways and headquartered in Yelahanka, Bangalore.
Road[link]
Three-wheeled, green and black auto-rickshaws, referred to as autos, are a popular form of transport. They are metered and can accommodate up to three passengers. Taxi services within Bangalore is provided by several operators. Taxis, commonly called City Taxis, are usually available only on call. Taxis are metered and are generally more expensive than auto-rickshaws.
Buses operated by Bangalore Metropolitan Transport Corporation (BMTC) are an important means of public transport available in the city, and are highly reliable.[77] While commuters can buy tickets on boarding these buses, BMTC also provides an option of a bus pass to frequent users.[77] BMTC runs air-conditioned luxury buses on major routes, and also operates shuttle services from various parts of the city to the Bengaluru International Airport.[78] The Karnataka State Road Transport Corporation operates 6,918 buses on 6,352 schedules, connecting Bangalore with other parts of Karnataka as well as other states. The main bus depots that BMTC maintains are the Kempegowda Bus Station, locally known as "Majestic", Shantinagar Bus Depot, and Shivajinagar Bus Depot.
Demographics[link]
| Population Growth | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Census | Pop. | %± | |
| 1971 | 1,654,000 |
|
|
| 1981 | 2,922,000 | 76.7% | |
| 1991 | 4,130,000 | 41.3% | |
| 2001 | 5,101,000 | 23.5% | |
| 2011 | 8,425,970 | 65.2% | |
| Source: Census of India[79] [80] | |||
| Religion in Bangalore | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Religion | Percent | |||
| Hindus |
|
79.4% | ||
| Muslims |
|
13.4% | ||
| Christians |
|
5.8% | ||
| Jains |
|
1.1% | ||
| Others† |
|
1% | ||
| Distribution of religions †Includes Sikhs (<0.1%), Buddhists (<0.1%). |
||||
With an estimated population of 8.5 million in 2011,[3] Bangalore is the fourth most populous city in India and the 28th most populous city in the world.[81] Bangalore was the fastest-growing Indian metropolis after New Delhi between 1991–2001, with a growth rate of 38% during the decade. Residents of Bangalore are referred to as Bangaloreans in English Bengaloorinavaru in Kannada.[82]
The cosmopolitan nature of the city has resulted in the migration of people from other states to Bangalore,[83] which has in recent years given rise to tensions between immigrants and locals.[84] Scheduled Castes and Tribes account for 14.3% of the city's population. Besides Kannada and Tamil, other major languages spoken in the city are Telugu, Hindi, English.[85] A good number of Konkani speakers have settled in Bangalore since last century from Canara districts of Karnataka and Goa.[86] Similarly, Marathi is spoken by a small but significant minority of the society.[87]
According to the 2001 census of India, 79.4% of Bangalore's population is Hindu, roughly the same as the national average.[88] Muslims comprise 13.4% of the population, which again is roughly the same as the national average, while Christians and Jains account for 5.8% and 1.1% of the population, respectively, double that of their national averages. Anglo-Indians also form a substantial group within the city. Women make up 47% of Bangalore's population. The city has a literacy rate of 89%.[89] Roughly 10% of Bangalore's population lives in slums[90]—a relatively low proportion when compared to other cities in the developing world such as Mumbai (50%) and Nairobi (60%).[91] The 2008 National Crime Records Bureau statistics indicate that Bangalore accounts for 8.5% of the total crimes reported from 35 major cities in India.[92]
Culture[link]
Main article: Culture of Bangalore
File:Yakshaganads.jpg
Yakshagana – a theatre art often performed in the town hall
Dasara, a traditional celebration of the old Kingdom of Mysore, is the state festival and is celebrated with great vigour.
Bangalore is known as the Garden City of India[93] because of its greenery and the presence of many public parks, including the Lal Bagh and Cubbon Park.
The city celebrates its most important and oldest festival, "Karaga Shaktyotsava" or Bangalore Karaga.[94] Deepavali, the "Festival of Lights", transcends demographic and religious lines and is another important festival. Other traditional Indian festivals such as Ganesh Chaturthi, Ugadi, Sankranthi, Eid ul-Fitr, and Christmas are also celebrated.
Bangalore is home to the Kannada film industry, which churns out about 80 Kannada movies each year.[95].Bangalore also has a very active and vibrant theatre culture.Bangalore is the home to Amateur/Short film Industry of south India.
The diversity of cuisine is reflective of the social and economic diversity of Bangalore. Roadside vendors, tea stalls, and South Indian, North Indian, Chinese and Western fast food are all very popular in the city. Udupi restaurants are very popular and serve predominantly vegetarian, regional cuisine. Bangalore has a wide and varied mix of restaurant types and cuisines and Bangaloreans deem eating out as an intrinsic part of their culture, so much that Bangalore Restaurant Week – an event that involved some of the best restaurants in Bangalore – was held between 12 to 21 November 2010.
In May 2012, Lonely Planet ranked Bangalore 3rd among the world's top 10 cities to visit.[96]
Bangalore is also a major center of Indian classical music and dance. Classical music and dance recitals are widely held throughout the year and particularly during the Ramanavami and Ganesha Chaturthi festivals. The Bengaluru Gayana Samaja has been at the forefront of promoting classical music and dance in the city.
The city has a vibrant English and regional language theatre scene with organisations such as Ranga Shankara and Chowdiah Memorial Hall leading the way. Bangalore is also sometimes called as the "Pub Capital of India" and the "Rock/Metal capital of India" because of its underground music scene and it is one of the premier places to hold international rock concerts.[97]
Sister cities[link]
Bangalore is currently twinned with three sister cities:[98][99][100]
| City | Region | Country |
|---|---|---|
| Minsk |  Minsk Region |
 Belarus |
| San Francisco |  California |
 United States |
| Cleveland |  Ohio |
United States |
Sports[link]
Cricket is the most popular sport in Bangalore. A significant number of national cricketers have come from Bangalore, including former Indian cricket team captains Rahul Dravid and Anil Kumble. Some of the other players who have represented India include Javagal Srinath, Gundappa Vishwanath, Syed Kirmani, E. A. S. Prasanna, Venkatesh Prasad, Sunil Joshi, Robin Uthappa, Vinay Kumar, Roger Binny and Abhimanyu Mithun. Many children play gully cricket on the roads and in the city's many public fields. Bangalore's main international cricket stadium is the M. Chinnaswamy Stadium, which has a seating capacity of 55,000[101] and has hosted matches during the 1987 Cricket World Cup, 1996 Cricket World Cup and the 2011 Cricket World Cup. The Chinnaswamy Stadium is also the home of India's National Cricket Academy.
The Indian Premier League franchise Bangalore Royal Challengers, the Premier Hockey League franchise Bangalore Hi-fliers, and the Karnataka Premier League franchisees Bangalore Brigadiers and Provident Bangalore are based in the city. India's Davis Cup team members, Mahesh Bhupathi[102] and Rohan Bopanna[103] also reside in Bangalore. The city hosts the Women's Tennis Association (WTA) Bangalore Open tournament annually. Beginning September 2008, Bangalore has also been hosting the Kingfisher Airlines Tennis Open ATP tournament annually.[104] Bangalore is also home to the Bangalore Rugby Football Club (B.R.F.C)
Bangalore has a number of elite clubs, like Century Club, The Bangalore Golf Club, the Bowring Institute and the exclusive Bangalore Club, which counts among its previous members Winston Churchill and the Maharaja of Mysore.[105] The Hindustan Aeronautics Limited SC is based in Bangalore. Other sports personalities from Bangalore include national swimming champion Nisha Millet, world snooker champion, Pankaj Advani and former All England Open badminton champion Prakash Padukone.
Education[link]
Until the early 19th century, education in Bangalore was mainly run by religious leaders and restricted to students of that religion.[106] The western system of education was introduced during the rule of Mummadi Krishnaraja Wodeyar, when two schools were established in Bangalore. Subsequently, Wesleyan Mission established a school in 1851 and the Bangalore High School which was started by the Government in 1858.[107]
In post-independent India, schools for young children are mainly based on the kindergarten form of education.[108] Primary and secondary education in Bangalore is offered by various schools which are affiliated to one of the boards of education, such as the Secondary School Leaving Certificate (SSLC), ICSE, CBSE, IB and NIOS.[109] Schools in Bangalore are either government run or are private (both aided and un-aided by the government).[110] After completing their secondary education, students either attend Pre University (PUC) or continue High School in one of three streams – Arts, Commerce or Science.[111] Alternatively, students may also enroll in Diploma courses. Upon completing the required coursework, students enroll in general or professional degrees in universities. The Bangalore University,established in 1886, provides affiliation to about 500 colleges, with a total student enrolment exceeding 300,000. The university has two campuses within Bangalore – Jnanabharathi and Central College.[112]
Indian Institute of Science, which was established in 1909 in Bangalore, is the premier institute for scientific research and study in India.[113] Nationally renowned professional institutes such as the National Centre for Biological Sciences (NCBS), National Institute of Design (NID), National Institute of Fashion Technology (NIFT), National Law School of India University (NLSIU), the Indian Institute of Management, Bangalore (IIM-B), the Indian Statistical Institute and International Institute of Information Technology, Bangalore (IIIT-B) are located in Bangalore.[113] The city is also home to the premier mental health institution in India National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro Sciences (NIMHANS). Bangalore also has some of the best medical colleges in the country, like St. John's Medical College (SJMC) and Bangalore Medical College and Research Institute (BMCRI). The M. P. Birla Institute of Fundamental Research research institute has a branch location located in Bangalore.[114]
Media[link]
The first printing-press in Bangalore was established in the year 1840.[115] In 1859, punjab kesri became the first English bi-weekly newspaper to be published in Bangalore[116] and in 1860, Mysore Vrittanta Bodhini became the first Kannada newspaper to be circulated in Bangalore.[115] Currently, Vijaya Karnataka and The Times of India are the most widely circulated Kannada and English newspapers in Bangalore respectively, closely followed by the Prajavani and Deccan Herald both owned by the Printers (Mysore) Limited – the largest print media house in Karnataka.[117][118]
- Radio: Bangalore got its first radio station when All India Radio, the official broadcaster for the Indian Government, started broadcasting from its Bangalore station on 2 November 1955.[119] The radio transmission was AM, until in 2001, Radio City became the first private channel in India to start transmitting FM radio from Bangalore.[120] In recent years, a number of FM channels have started broadcasting from Bangalore.[121] The city also has India's Oldest Amateur (Ham) Radio Club – Bangalore Amateur Radio Club VU2ARC[122][123] celebrating its Golden Jubilee along with Hamfest India HFI 2009 this November[124] amongst various clubs for HAM radio enthusiasts. There are two operational community radio stations in Bangalore called Radio Active and Ramana Voices, managed by Mahaveer Jain College and Shree Ramana Maharishi Academy of the Blind (SRMAB), respectively. The latter is being co-managed by a media advocacy group in Bangalore called VOICES.
Bangalore has a number of newspapers and magazines that cater to the varied interests. number of news channels operate in the city, as well as in the state too. Magazines like Open and 080 cater to lifestyle, citizen issues and fashion, newspapers like Mid-Day, Bangalore Mirror, Vijaya Karnataka provide localised news updates. On the web, Explocity provides listings information. Deccan Herald, The Times of India and The Hindu provide e-paper services.
- Television: Bangalore got its first look at television when Doordarshan established a relay centre here and started relaying programs from 1 November 1981.[125] A production center was established in the Doordarshan's Bangalore office in 1983, thereby allowing the introduction of a news program in Kannada on 19 November 1983.[125] Doordarshan also launched a Kannada satellite channel on 15 August 1991 which is now named DD Chandana.[125] The advent of private satellite channels in Bangalore started in September 1991 when Star TV started to broadcast its channels.[126] Though the number of satellite TV channels available for viewing in Bangalore has grown over the years,[127] the cable operators play a major role in the availability of these channels, which has led to occasional conflicts.[128] Direct To Home services are also available in Bangalore now.[129]
- Internet: The first Internet service provider in Bangalore was STPI, Bangalore which started offering internet services in early 1990s.[130] This Internet service was however restricted to corporates, until VSNL started offering dial-up internet services to the general public at the end of 1995.[131] Currently, Bangalore has the largest number of broadband Internet connections in India.[132]
See also[link]
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- ^ Ramachandran, Sudha. Local pride buffets Bangalore business. Asia Times. 2 April 2008.
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- ^ Deepa Balakrishnan (15 February 2008). "Anti-outsider voices gain pitch in Bangalore too". CNN-IBN. http://ibnlive.in.com/news/blore-feels-bubbling-kannadiga-vs-migrant-tension/59005-3.html. Retrieved 21 October 2010.
- ^ "Bangalore Facts". Karnataka.com. Archived from the original on 14 April 2010. http://web.archive.org/web/20100414081951/http://www.karnataka.com/tourism/bangalore/facts.html. Retrieved 10 May 2010.
- ^ Saradesāya, Manohararāya (2000). A history of Konkani literature: from 1500 to 1992. Sahitya Akademi,. p. 317. ISBN 81-7201-664-6, 9788172016647.
- ^ Karnataka State Gazetteer: Bangalore District. Printed by the Director of Print., Stationery and Publications at the Govt. Press,. 1990.
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- ^ "Provisional Population Totals, Census of India 2011". Government of India. http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011-prov-results/paper2/data_files/India2/Table_3_PR_UA_Citiees_1Lakh_and_Above.pdf. Retrieved 28 December 2011.
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- ^ Warah, Rasna. "Slums Are the Heartbeat of Cities". The EastAfrican. 2006. National Media Group Ltd. 6 October 2003
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- ^ http://www.lonelyplanet.com/england/london/travel-tips-and-articles/76861
- ^ Richard Plunkett (2001), p. 124.
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- ^ Hayavadana Rao (1929), p494
- ^ Hayavadana Rao (1929), p497
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Further reading[link]
- Hasan, Fazlul. Bangalore Through The Centuries. Bangalore: Historical Publications, 1970.
- Plunkett, Richard. South India. Lonely Planet, 2001. ISBN 1-86450-161-8
- Vagale, Uday Kumar. "Public Space in Bangalore: Present and Future Projections"PDF (773 KB). Digital Libraries and Archives. 2006. Virginia Tech. 27 April 2004.
- Hunter, Cotton, Burn, Meyer. "The Imperial Gazetteer of India", 2006. Oxford, Clarendon Press. 1909.
- "Bangalore." Encyclopædia Britannica. 1911 ed.
- C. Hayavadana Rao, The Mysore State Gazetteer, 1929
External links[link]
 |
Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Bangalore |
- Bruhat Bengaluru Mahanagara Palike – (Municipal government)
- Official website of Bangalore Development Authority
- Bangalore at the Open Directory Project
- Bangalore travel guide from Wikitravel
http://wn.com/Bangalore
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This page contains text from Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bangalore
This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, which means that you can copy and modify it as long as the entire work (including additions) remains under this license.
This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, which means that you can copy and modify it as long as the entire work (including additions) remains under this license.
| Kumar Vishwas | |
|---|---|
 |
|
| Occupation | Professor, Poet, Associate Professor |
| Nationality | Indian |
| Citizenship | Indian |
| Education | M.A., PhD., DLit |
| Genres | Romantic Poetry |
| Notable award(s) | Hindi-Punjabi Award Committee, Uttar Pradesh “Sahitya Shree-2006” Geet Shree 2010 |
|
www.kumarvishwas.com |
|
Kumar Vishwas' (डॉ. कुमार विश्वास ) (also spelt as Vishvas or Vishwas) (born 10 February 1970) is a renowned Hindi Poet and a professor of Hindi Literature from Pilkhuwa[1], Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh.
Contents |
Early life and education[link]
Kumar Vishwas was born on 10 February 1970, in Pilkhuwa, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh in a Gaur Brahmin family. He is the youngest among four brothers and a sister. He started his schooling from Lala Ganga Sahay School, Pilkhuwa where he spent a part of his childhood. His father Dr. Chandra Pal Sharma was Lecturer in R.S.S. Degree College, Pilkhuwa affiliated to Chaudhary Charan Singh University, Meerut and his mother Smt. Rama Sharma is a home maker. After completing his intermediate from Rajputana Regiment Inter College, Pilkhuwa, his father wanted him to be an Engineer, but he had a passion for Poetry right from the childhood. He took no interest in engineering and decided to make career in the field of Poetry. He did Post Graduation in Hindi Literature.
Career[link]
Vishvas started his career as a professor in the year 1994 from Rajasthan. He has been teaching Hindi Literature to higher class students of Lala Lajpat Rai College for the last sixteen years.[1]
Works and achievements[link]
Vishvas is a Poet of Hindi language. He is a poet of Shringara-Ras (Romantic Genre).[2] He has participated in several Kavi sammelan and is a very renowned poet.
His fan communities on social networking websites like Orkut,[3] and Facebook[4] have largest number of fans as compared to other Hindi poets.[citation needed] Also, his videos on YouTube have in excess of 40 million views.[5] His website[6] is a frequently visited website among youths.[citation needed]
Dr Kumar Vishvas has written the 'Kul-Geet' or the University Anthem of Chaudhary Charan Singh University.[7]
Besides being a known face among Hindi-knowing people across the world as a Poet, Dr Kumar Vishvas has been involving himself in several Social works. He is an active and renowned member of the Civil Society. He has been an integral part of Veteran Social Leader Anna Hazare's 'India against corruption' mission along with Mr Arvind Kejriwal and Mr Manish Sisodia for which he was arrested on 16 August 2011.[8]
Performances[link]
Vishvas has been performing regularly in Kavi sammelan all over India and abroad. The list includes Thapar University, BIT SINDRI, Sindri , INDIAN SCHOOL OF MINES, Dhanbad, Jamia Hamdard University, IIIT Hyderabad, RKGIT Ghaziabad, NIFT Gandhinagar, IIT Guwahati, NIT ROURKELA, IIT Kanpur, IIT Roorkee,[9] IIT Kharagpur,[10] IIT Bubaneshwar,[11] Jamia Millia Islamia New Delhi,[12] DA-IICT Gandhinagar, B.J. Medical College Ahmadabad , Sri Ram Murti Smarak College of Engineering and Technology Bareilly, Teerthanker Mahaveer Medical College Moradabad, MNIT Jaipur, Management Development Institute Gurgaon, Fore School of Management New Delhi, NIT Surat, B.S.Anangpuria Institute of Technology and Management Faridabad,[13] KIIT University Bhubaneswar,[14] NSIT Delhi, National Institute of Technology, Kurukshetra IIITM Gwalior, CDGI INDORE,[15] Jawaharlal Nehru University Delhi,[16] MNNIT Allahabad,[17] NIT Patna,[18][19] IIM Lucknow,[20] NIT Jalandhar,[21] NIT Trichy,[22] NIT Durgapur, BITS, Pilani,[23] LNCT Bhopal,[24] MERI Kolkata, [(Maharaja Sayaji Rao University ,Baroda|http://www.msubaroda.ac.in/)] B.I.T. Sindri,[25] IET Lucknow, SSGPURC hoshiarpur, JIIT, Noida[26], KNIT Sultanpur and MITS, Gwalior[27], Institute of Technology- BHU and Babasaheb Naik College Of Engineering Pusad.(Maharashtra)and several other institutions across India.
He has also been a part of corporate celebration across India.[citation needed]
Besides performing in almost all parts of India, Dr Kumar Vishvas has also performed in countries like USA,[28] Dubai,[29] Singapore[30], Japan [31] Muscat, Abu Dhabi, Nepal etc.
Awards[link]
- Kavya – Kumar in 1994 by Dr. Kunwar Baichain Kavya samman avam puruskaar samiti[32]
- Dr. Suman Alankarna in 2004 by Sahitya Bharti, Unnao.[32]
- Sahitya Shree - 2006 by Hindi-Punjabi Award Academy.[33]
- Dr Urmilesh "Geet Shree" Samman, 2010 by Dr Urmilesh Jan Chetna Samiti, Badaun.[34]
References[link]
- ^ 086 L R COLLEGE, SAHIBABAD mark Sheet of ccs university, meerut PDF Download
- ^ कुमार विश्वास - Kavita Kosh
- ^ orkut
- ^ Niet compatibele browser | Facebook
- ^ YouTube - kavita really nice... Dr. Kumar vishwas
- ^ Dr Kumar Vishvas
- ^ http://ccsuniversity.ac.in/new/Kulgeet.htm
- ^ http://mediamusic.bhadas4media.com/home/viewvideo/318/--society-concern/kumar-vishwas-appeals-to-join-anna-hazare-hunger-strike-for-lokpal-bill.html
- ^ Uttarakhand Traffic: Dr Kumar Vishwas at IIT roorkee in Kavi Samelan
- ^ Kumar Vishwas at Hasya Kavi Sammelan, Springfest 2009, IIT Kharagpur video izle
- ^ Orissa HRD
- ^ Algorhythm 2011
- ^ http://wwwB.S..thehindubusinessline.com/2010/11/12/stories/2010111252762300.htm
- ^ Player | TipTik.in
- ^ Koi Deewana Kehta - by Dr. Kumar Vishvas - Video
- ^ http://soties.blogspot.com/2010/01/kumar-vishwas-in-jnu.html
- ^ Kumar Vishwas New Kavita March (2010) MNNIT Part 8
- ^ Dr. Kumar Vishwas @ NIT PATNA Videos, Watch Free Dr. Kumar Vishwas @ NIT PATNA Videos Online : IN.com
- ^ Mahakal Institute of Technology, Ujjain
- ^ The Official Blog of IIM Lucknow
- ^ CEREBRUM AT ANAND ENGG. COLLEGE,AGRA Utkansh'10, NIT- Jalandhar presents Utkansh 2010,Annual Cultural Festival | Events Home
- ^ Nit Trichy Timeline
- ^ BITS Pilani Oasis Festival – BITS Pilani to host 40th Oasis Festival on 22-26 October 2010 | Press Release
- ^ KUMAR VISHWAS AT LNCT BHOPAL YUVA UTSAV - Filestube Video Search
- ^ Niet compatibele browser | Facebook
- ^ http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jaypee_Institute_of_Information_Technology
- ^ http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madhav_Institute_of_Technology_and_Science
- ^ India Abroad - June 4, 2010
- ^ Indian Mushaira in DSF | Dubai Travel News
- ^ Hindi poet on a peace mission - International News – News – MSN India
- ^ http://iskconjapan.com/diwali2011.html
- ^ a b kavi sammelan,hasya kavi sammelan,hindi kavi sammelan,kavi sammelan video,hindi poems
- ^ http://international.zeenews.com/inner1.asp?aid=197170&ssid=8&sid=ART
- ^ हिन्दी मीडिया । मीडिया चैनल । खबरें
External links[link]
| Persondata | |
|---|---|
| Name | Viswas, Kumar |
| Alternative names | |
| Short description | Indian poet |
| Date of birth | 10 Februarj |
| Place of birth | Pilkhuwa, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India |
| Date of death | |
| Place of death | |
http://wn.com/Kumar_Vishwas
Related pages:
http://hi.wn.com/कुमार विश्वास
This page contains text from Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kumar_Vishwas
This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, which means that you can copy and modify it as long as the entire work (including additions) remains under this license.
This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, which means that you can copy and modify it as long as the entire work (including additions) remains under this license.
| Subramanian Swamy | |
|---|---|
| File:Subramanian Swamy.jpg | |
| President, Janata Party | |
| Incumbent | |
| Assumed office 1989 |
|
| Minister of Commerce and Industry | |
| In office 1990–1991 |
|
| Prime Minister | Chandra Shekhar Singh |
| Minister of Law and Justice (Additional Charge) |
|
| In office 1990–1991 |
|
| Prime Minister | Chandra Shekhar Singh |
| Member of the Rajya Sabha | |
| In office 1988–1994 |
|
| In office 1974–1976 |
|
| Member of the Lok Sabha | |
| In office 1998–1999 |
|
| In office 1977–1979 |
|
| Personal details | |
| Born | (1939-09-15) 15 September 1939 (age 72) Mylapore, Madras Presidency, British India |
| Political party | Janata Party |
| Spouse(s) | Dr. Roxna Swamy |
| Alma mater | Hindu College, University of Delhi (B.S.) Indian Statistical Institute (M.S.) Harvard University (Ph.D.) |
| Profession | Economist Professor Author Politician |
| Religion | Hindu |
| Website | Official Website |
Subramanian Swamy (born 15 September 1939 in Chennai, India sometimes spelt Subramaniam Swamy) is an Indian politician, academician and an economist.[1] He is the President of the Janata Party of India. He also presently serves as chairman[2] of the SCMS Board of Governors of the SCMS Group of Educational Institutions in Kerala.
Swamy has previously served as member of the Planning Commission of India and Cabinet Minister of India. He has written extensively on foreign affairs dealing largely with India-China, India-Pakistan and Indo-Israel relation and is also a published author.
In November 1978, Swamy was member of the Group of Eminent persons called to Geneva to prepare a report of the United Nations (UNCTAD) on Economic Co-operation between Developing countries (ECDC).Swamy simplified trade procedures and formulated a new export strategy which became the forerunner of trade reform adopted subsequently. In 1994, Swamy was appointed as Chairman of the Commission on Labour Standards and International Trade by then Prime Minister P. V. Narasimha Rao. This was perhaps for the first time that an Opposition Party member was given a Cabinet rank post by the ruling party.
He is also known for his anti corruption activism.
Contents
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Early life and education[link]
Subramanian Swamy was born in Mylapore, Chennai, India. His father Sitaram Subramanian[3] is from Madurai, Tamil Nadu who was an Indian Statistical Service officer[4] and retired as Director of the Central Statistical Institute.[5][6] His mother Padmavati Subramanian[4] belongs to Kerala Iyer family from Trichur, Kerala.
He attended Hindu College, University of Delhi, from where he earned his Bachelor Honours degree in Mathematics.[5] He studied for his Masters degree in Statistics at the Indian Statistical Institute.[5] He then went to study at Harvard University on a full Rockefeller scholarship.[5] He received a Ph.D. in Economics in 1965. His thesis adviser was Nobel Laureate Simon Kuznets.[7]
For some time, while completing his dissertation in 1963, he worked at the United Nations Secretariat in New York as an Assistant Economics Affairs Officer. He subsequently worked as a resident tutor at Lowell House at Harvard university.
Academic career[link]
Professorships[link]
In 1964, Swamy joined the faculty of economics at Harvard and since then has taught in the Department of Economics.[8] He began as an assistant professor in July 1966[5][9] and in 1969 became an associate professor.[10] When he was Associate Professor at Harvard University, he was invited by Noble Laureate Amartya Sen[3] for reader’s chair on Chinese studies at Delhi School of Economics.[4] He accepted the offer and came back. However, when he arrived for the position at DSE, his appointment was cancelled due to his views on the nuclear capabilities for India and market friendly attitude.[3] Thereafter, he moved to the Indian Institute of Technology Delhi and alongside to his teaching duties, he took special interest in talking to the hostel students. From 1969 to 1991, he was a Professor[9] of mathematical economics at the Indian Institute of Technology Delhi.[11] He was removed from the position by its board of Governors in the early 1970s but was legally reinstated in the late 1990s by the Supreme Court of India. He continued in the position until 1991 when he resigned to become a cabinet minister. He served on the Board of Governors of the IIT, Delhi (1977–80), and on the Council of IITs (1980–82).
He taught economics courses in summer session at Harvard [12] until 2011. In December 2011, the Faculty Council of the Faculty of Arts and Sciences removed his course from the Harvard Summer School course offerings in response to a controversial article he wrote, effectively ceasing his employment at Harvard.[13]
Political career[link]
Early politics[link]
Swamy's career started with his involvement in Jayaprakash Narayan's Sarvodaya movement, which was an apolitical movement but which formed the foundation of the creation of Janta Party later.[14]. The real turn in his political career came after his sacking from IIT. Liberal economic policies put forward by him didn't go well with the then Prime Minister Indira Gandhi who discredited him as 'Santa Claus with unrealistic ideas'. As a result he was expelled from Indian Institute of Technology. This marked the beginning of his active political career. Staunch opponent of Indira Gandhi and right wing political party Jansangh sent him to Rajya Sabha - the upper house of Indian Parliament.[3]
He was elected Member of Parliament 5 times between 1974 and 1999. He has twice represented the city of Mumbai North East during 1977 and 1980, Uttar Pradesh and Tamil Nadu in the Parliament.[3]
During the period of emergency, he fled to America, seeking save haven with a Indian businessman in Michigan who had become the spokesperson of opposition in the US. In 1976 when emergency was still in force and an arrest warrant issued in his name, he came to parliament to attend the session and managed to escape India after attending the session. This act made him a hero in the eyes of opposition parties.
He was one of the founding members of the Janata Party and has been its president since 1990.[3]
Minister of Commerce and Law of India[link]
Economic Reforms in India[link]
During 1990 and 1991 Swamy was a member of the Planning Commission of India and Cabinet Minister of Commerce and Law of India. During this period he created the blueprint[15][16] for economic reforms in India under Prime Minister Chandra Shekhar which was later carried out in 1991 by Manmohan Singh[5], then Finance Minister under leadership of Prime Minister Narasimha Rao.[16] The current Prime Minister Dr. Manmohan Singh recently stated that Dr. Swamy was the first to envisage and articulate the need for reforms in India.[2][17]
Between 1994 and 1996, he held the position of "Chairman of the Commission on Labour Standards and International Trade" (equivalent to the rank of a cabinet minister) under the P. V. Narasimha Rao government.[3] Dr. Swamy has been subject to several defamation cases. He is known to argue these cases himself without the agency of lawyers. In October 2004, he along with other members of the erstwhile Janata Party established the Rashtriya Swabhiman Manch to oppose the policies of the ruling UPA.
Issues held and contributions[link]
Foreign policy and affairs[link]
China and India[link]
He is known for his efforts in normalizing relations between China and India. In 1981, Indira Gandhi sought his help and upon which he persuaded Deng Xiaoping[18] to open the Kailash Mansarovar in Tibet to the Hindu pilgrims from India.[19] He became the first Indian on the reopening to visit Kailash and Mansarovar in 1981. In 1990–1991, he was a minister in the Chandra Shekhar cabinet and was in charge of the Ministry of Commerce and Ministry of Law and Justice.
Israel[link]
In his speeches and articles, Dr Swamy has expressed his admiration for Israel, and has credited its retaliatory capacity for its ability to survive in a hostile Arab environment. He made pioneering efforts at establishing diplomatic relations with Israel. In 1982, Dr. Swamy became the first Indian political leader to make publicized trip to Israel, where he met with some important Israeli leaders such as Yitzhak Rabin and then Prime Minister Menachem Begin. His efforts at normalizing relations with Israel have borne fruit now with India's decision in 1992 to open Embassies in the respective countries.[20]
Revealing 2G spectrum scam[link]
In November 2008, Subramanian Swamy wrote the first of five letters to PM Manmohan Singh seeking permission to prosecute A. Raja in regards to the 2G spectrum scam.[21] However, Singh took no action[22], leading Swamy to file a case on his own in the Supreme Court of India regarding the matter, which then asked the Central Bureau of Investigation to produce a detailed report on the matter.[23] He further called on the Indian government to re-auction the 2G spectrum without the involvement of Communications Minister Kapil Sibal.[24]
Swamy has raised allegations that Sonia Gandhi's two sisters Anushka and Nadia have received sixty percent of the kickbacks in the 2G spectrum scam, amounting to Rs.18,000 crores each.[25] On 15 April 2011, he filed a 206-page long petition with PM Singh seeking permission to prosecute Gandhi. In the petition, he claimed to have strong evidence of corrupt acts committed by Gandhi as early as 1972; he also raised doubts regarding her acquisition of Indian citizenship.[26] At a lecture on corruption given on 29 May 2011, he again repeated his allegation against Sonia Gandhi, saying she has Rs.1 lakh crore stashed abroad.[27] Most of Swamy's letters to the prime minister regarding this matter are backed up with full proof, which makes him defensive about his allegations.[28]
Swamy filed various documents in the court to prosecute Minister of Home Affairs P.Chidambaram by including a January 15, 2008 letter written by Chidambaram to Prime Minister Manmohan Singh. Swamy also placed on record the certified copy of the minutes of a meeting between Chidambaram, Raja and the Prime Minister during the tenure of Raja as the MOC&IT. [29]After supreme court verdict cancelling all 122 licences awarded during A Raja tenure, Cho Ramaswamy described Subramanian swamy as not only man of the match but man of the series.[30]
Supreme court petition in 2G scam[link]
On January 31, 2012, the Supreme Court of India accepted Swamy's petition against the Prime Minister's Office in the 2G case, saying that all public authorities should give a sanction within 3 months against any public official if a request is made for prosecution. The Supreme Court said that Subramanian Swamy had the locus to seek sanction from the Prime Minister for the prosecution of A Raja in the 2G scam. Sanction by a competent authority for the prosecution of a public servant has to be granted within a time frame, the apex court said. Justice A K Ganguly said that the sanction would be deemed to be granted if competent authority failed to take a decision within four months. Swamy's arguments were that he wrote to the PMO on November 29, 2008 but it was only on March 19, 2010 the PMO replied that the plea made by Swamy was "premature" as investigation was being carried out by the Central Bureau of Investigation (CBI). Raja was arrested by the CBI in the case and got bail on 15th May 2012 after spending nearly 15 months in the Tihar Central Jail.[31]
Views on Kashmir[link]
In September 2008, Dr. Swamy stridently retorted against the contentions of some Indian columnists who voiced their opinions in favour of "peacefully" surrendering Kashmir to Pakistan. He said,
- "I would say that the silent suffering majority of India wants none of this. The ‘Kashmir issue,’ in fact, can no more be solved by dialogue either with the Pakistanis or the Hurriyat, leave alone the constitutional impossibility of allowing it to secede. [...]Kashmir, in fact, is now our defining identity. It is a touchstone for our resolve to preserve our national integrity. The population of that State may be majority Muslim but the land and its history is predominantly Hindu. For our commitment to the survival of the ancient civilisation of India and the composite culture that secularists talk of, we have not only to win that coming inevitable war but also resolve never to part with Kashmir. [...]
- I will not blame the jihadis for the coming war. They are, after all, programmed that way by their understanding of Islamist theology. I will blame ourselves for not understanding their understanding of the fundamentals of Islam. [...]
- Pakistanis often cite the United Nations resolutions on Kashmir to argue for a plebiscite. This obfuscates the fact of accession of the State to India. The legality of the Instrument of Accession signed in favour of India by the then Maharaja of J&K, Hari Singh, on October 26, 1947 has to prevail anyway. "[32]
Controversial Article and Its Impacts[link]
Article about 2011 Mumbai bombings[link]
In response to the 2011 Mumbai bombings, he wrote an editorial in Daily News and Analysis (DNA) Some of Swamy’s Controversial suggestions in the article.
- The Hindu is the target and that Muslims of India are being programmed by a slow reactive process to become radical and thus slide into suicide against Hindus.
- Remove Article 370, and re-settle ex-servicemen in the Valley. Create Panun Kashmir for Hindu Pandit community. Look or create opportunity to take over PoK. If Pakistan continues to back terrorists, assist the Baluchis and Sindhis to struggle for independence.
- Remove the masjid in Kashi Vishwanath temple complex, and 300 others in other sites as a tit-for-tat.
- Make Sanskrit learning compulsory and singing of Vande Mataram mandatory, and declare India as Hindu Rashtra in which only those non-Hindus can vote if they proudly acknowledge that their ancestors are Hindus. Rename India as Hindustan as a nation of Hindus and those whose ancestors are Hindus.
- Enact a national law prohibiting conversion from Hindu religion to any other religion.
Propagate the development of a Hindu mindset [33][34]. Swamy had written a similar column in The New Indian Express after the 2008 Mumbai attacks.
Negative reactions[link]
His column provoked a variety of reactions. His house was attacked by people alleged to be Congress party workers.[35] Minorities Council of Maharashtra Vice Chairman Abraham Mathai and National Commission for Minorities chairman Wajahat Habibullah accused him of violating Indian Penal Code Section 153A.[36][37] New Delhi law student Shehzad Poonawala attempted to lodge an FIR against him at Defence Colony police station, but was disallowed by the officer on duty.[37] DNA published two hostile response columns by Rakesh Sharma and Parsa Venkateshwar Rao Jr. calling him a "Hindu Taliban", "maverick", and "Zionist" in response to his views.[38][39]
Controversy at Harvard[link]
Some students at his alma mater Harvard University, where he also teaches economics in the summer school, accused him of stoking communalism and circulated a petition calling on the university to fire him and publicly repudiate his remarks. Two PhD students, Umang Kumar and Sanjay Pinto, started an online petition asking for the removal of courses taught by Dr Swamy, which received more than 450 signatures from students and faculty.[40][41] Adam Kissel, on behalf of the Foundation for Individual Rights in Education, wrote in a letter to Harvard that a disciplinary investigation against him would be inappropriate for an academic institution dedicated to intellectual freedom, represented a threat to free speech, and could lead to self-censorship by other faculty members.[42]
In response to the petition, Donald H. Pfister, dean of Harvard Summer School, stated that the school would "give this matter our serious attention", and decided to stand by its instructor.[35] On Tuesday, 6 December 2011, the Harvard Faculty of Arts and Sciences voted to exclude Subramanian Swamy's summer school courses from its catalog.[43][44][45] The Op-Ed was considered more to be a case of hate speech rather than free speech. 'I was persuaded... that the views expressed in Dr Swamy's op-ed piece amounted to incitement of violence instead of protected political speech,' Philosophy Department Chair Sean D Kelly wrote in an e-mail to the Crimson.[46] Comparative Religion Professor Diana Eck said, "Swamy's op-ed [piece] clearly crosses the line by demonising an entire religious community and calling for violence against their sacred places".[47] Swamy described the move as "nothing serious", saying "non-economists at Harvard don't like my views on how to protect India".[48]
Views on Tamil Nadu Politics[link]
He is well known for his critical views against the Government of Tamil Nadu and against the "Aryan versus Dravidian" brand of divisive politics of Periyar E. V. Ramasamy.
He was staunch opponent of the Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam.[49][50]
He obtained Supreme Court Stay against the implementation of Sethu Samuthiram Shipping Channel project (SSSCP). He believes that it would hurt the sentiments of people who believe that this shallow land connecting between Tamil Nadu and Sri Lanka was built by Lord Rama. He strongly opposes the implementation of SSSCP citing that implementing this scheme may affect the sentiments of Hinduism. He wrote letters to Prime Minister of India in June 2009 asking him to stop the project.[51]. He has also strongly urged the Supreme Court of India to declare this Rama-Sethu as a National heritage & historical monument.
Family and Personal life[link]
Dr.Swamy married Dr. Roxna Swamy (a Parsi) in June 1966 whom he met at Harvard. Then she had obtained Ph.D in Maths [52] who is presently an advocate at the Supreme Court of India. They have two daughters, Dr. Gitanjali Swamy who is married to Sanjay Sarma, a professor at MIT and Suhasini Haider, a senior editor at CNN-IBN is married to Nadeem Haidar who is a son of Salman Haider, former foreign secretary and external affairs minister.[53] His brother-in-law is Jewish, his son-in-law Muslim, his sister-in-law Christian, and his wife Parsi.[40]
Honours, awards and international recognition[link]
| Year | Name | Awarding organization | Ref. |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2012 | Indrayani Award. | Indrayani Cooperative bank. | [54] |
Books, Research Papers and Journals[link]
Subramanian Swamy is a published author of several books, research papers and journals. A complete list of papers, books and journals is included below to which he is the author.
Books[link]
- Economic Growth in China and India, 1952–70 (Publisher: University of Chicago Press; ISBN 978-0-226-78315-4)
- Indian economic planning;: An alternative approach (Publisher: Barnes & Noble; ISBN 978-0-389-04202-0)
- Building a New India: An Agenda for National Renaissance (Publisher: South Asia Books; ISBN 978-81-85674-21-6)
- India's Labour Standards and the WTO Framework (Publisher: Konark Publishers; ISBN 978-81-220-0585-1)
- India's economic performance and reforms: A perspective for the new millennium (Publisher: Konark Publishers; ISBN 978-81-220-0594-3)
- Assassination of Rajiv Gandhi: Unanswered Questions and Unasked Queries (Publisher: Konark Publishers; ISBN 978-81-220-0591-2)
- India's China perspective (Publisher: Konark Publishers; ISBN 978-81-220-0606-3)
- Financial Architecture and Economic Development in China and India (Publisher: Konark Publishers; ISBN 978-81-220-0718-3)
- Trade and Industry in Japan: A Guide to Indian Entrepreneurs and Businessmen (Publisher: Prentice-Hall of India; ISBN 978-81-203-0785-8)
- Sri Lanka in Crisis: India's Options (Publisher: Har Anand Publications; ISBN 978-81-241-1260-1)
- Kailas and Manasarovar after 22 years in Shiva's domain (Publisher: Allied Publishers)
- Hindus Under Siege (Publisher: Har Anand Publications; ISBN 978-81-241-1207-6)
- Rama Setu: Symbol of National Unity (Publisher: Har Anand Publications; ISBN 978-81-241-1418-6)
- Terrorism in India: A Strategy of Deterrence for India's National Security (Publisher: Har Anand Publications; ISBN 978-81-241-1344-8)
- Corruption and Corporate Governance in India: Satyam, Spectrum & Sundaram (Publisher: Har Anand Publications; ISBN 978-81-241-1486-5)
- 2G Spectrum Scam (Publisher: Har Anand Publications; ISBN 978-81-241-1638-8)
- Electronic voting machines: unconstitutional and tamperable (Publisher: Vision Books; ISBN 978-81-7094-798-1)
Article, Research Papers and Journals[link]
Article[link]
- Can India make it? India's path to sustained growth (Publisher: Harvard Asia Pacific review, Volumes 6-8 by Harvard University. Dept. of East Asian Languages and Civilizations, 2002)
- The response to economic challenge: A comparative economic history of China and India, 1870-1952 (Publisher: The Quarterly journal of economics, Volume 93 by Harvard University by the MIT Press, 1979)
Research Papers[link]
- Economic growth and income distribution in a developing nation (Publisher: Harvard University, 1965)
- Nuclear policy for India (Publisher: Bharatiya Jana Sangh Publication, 1968)
- Plan for full employment (Publisher: Bharatiya Jana Sangh, 1970)
- Theoretical aspects of index numbers (Publisher: Harvard Institute of Economic Research, 1985)
- Land reforms: an economist's approach (Publisher: Deendayal Research Institute)
References[link]
- ^ "Swamy to teach at Harvard". The Hindu (Chennai, India). 2011-02-15. http://www.thehindu.com/news/national/article1455140.ece. Retrieved 16 October 2011.
- ^ a b "Board of Management of the SCMS Group of Educational Institutions: Chairman Dr. Subramanian Swamy". http://scmsgroup.org/php/showContent.php?linkid=295&partid=2.
- ^ a b c d e f g "The Beastly Beatitudes: The rise, fall and resurrection of Subramanian Swamy". http://www.tehelka.com/story_main51.asp?filename=Ne311211Coverstory.asp.
- ^ a b c "The Jury Is Out, Subramanian Swamy: is the man a solution or a riddle?". Outlook (magazine). http://www.outlookindia.com/article.aspx?279890. Retrieved 2012-01-03.
- ^ a b c d e f "The Outlier: The inscrutable politics of Subramanian Swamy". The Caravan. http://caravanmagazine.in/Story.aspx?Storyid=1389&StoryStyle=FullStory. Retrieved May 05, 2012.
- ^ "Subramanian Swamy: Queries and Answers, Interview". http://www.rediff.com/news/report/why-should-i-dislike-chidambaram-subramanian-swamy/20120102.htm. Retrieved 2012-01-03.
- ^ "An Indian tribute: Paul Samuelson, Guru". http://business.rediff.com/special/2009/dec/17/subramanian-swamy-pays-tribute-to-paul-samuelson.htm. Retrieved 2011-12-29.
- ^ "People: Subramanian Swamy". FirstPost. http://www.firstpost.com/topics/subramanian-swamy-56549.html. Retrieved 2012-01-05.
- ^ a b "High Court of Delhi : Swamy's plea for recovery of dues from IIT". Zee News. http://zeenews.india.com/news/nation/hc-swamy-s-plea-for-recovery-of-dues-from-iit_760640.html. Retrieved February 27, 2012.
- ^ "Harvard removes Subramanian Swamy's courses over controversial column". Indiaeducationreview. http://www.indiaeducationreview.com/news/harvard-removes-subramanian-swamys-courses-over-controversial-column.
- ^ "The Rediff Special: The Man People Love to Hate". Rediff.com. http://www.rediff.com/news/1998/mar/17sswamy.htm.
- ^ Swamy to teach at Harvard The Hindu – February 15, 2011
- ^ "So Long Swamy: There is no room for hateful rhetoric at Harvard". The Harvard Crimson. http://www.thecrimson.com/article/2011/12/12/swamy-racism-dismissal/.
- ^ My Experiences with Jayaprakash Narayan - Subramanian Swamy
- ^ "Whither economic reforms? India". Chennai, India: Frontline, The Hindu. http://www.hindu.com/fline/fl1719/17190780.htm. Retrieved 2012-1-07.
- ^ a b "Assessing India's economic reforms: Swamy". Frontline, The Hindu. http://www.frontlineonnet.com/fl1902/19020610.htm. Retrieved 2011-10-12.
- ^ Financial Architecture and Economic Development in China and India. Konark Publishers Pvt Ltd. ISBN 978-81-220-0718-3.
- ^ Myth and reality in India-China relations: Swamy The Hindu – September 17, 2009
- ^ Pilgrims' route The Tribune – September 26, 1998
- ^ "His Role in Foreign Affairs:The President". http://janataparty.org/president.html.
- ^ Sheela Bhatt (2011-02-11), 'I will implicate Sonia Gandhi in the 2G case', http://www.rediff.com/news/slide-show/slide-show-1-subramanian-swamy-speaks/20110211.htm, retrieved 2011-08-01
- ^ "2G Spectrum Shadiness". The Caravan. http://www.caravanmagazine.in/Story/615/Spectrum-Shadiness.html. Retrieved May 05, 2012.
- ^ Jiby Kattakayam (2011-02-06), "CBI asked to file detailed report on 2G scam", The Hindu (Chennai, India), http://www.hindu.com/2011/02/06/stories/2011020659910600.htm, retrieved 2011-08-01
- ^ "Re-auction 2G spectrum, restrain Sibal: Subramanian Swamy", Indo-Asian News Service, 2011-01-11, http://in.news.yahoo.com/auction-2g-spectrum-restrain-sibal-subramanian-swamy-20110110-034015-410.html, retrieved 2011-08-01
- ^ Subramanian Swamy (2010-12-09), "Sonia Gandhi's sisters received Rs18,000 crores : 2G Scam secrets", Currentweek, http://www.currentweek.net/2010/12/sonia-gandhis-sisters-received-rs18000.html, retrieved 2011-08-01
- ^ "Permit me to prosecute Sonia: Swamy", Expressbuzz, 2011-04-19, http://expressbuzz.com/states/tamilnadu/permit-me-to-prosecute-sonia-swamy/266804.html, retrieved 2011-08-01
- ^ "Sonia Gandhi has 1 Lakh crore black money stashed abroad – Subramanian Swamy", India Hills Today, 2011-05-29, http://www.indiahillstoday.com/2011/05/29/sonia-gandhi-has-1-lakh-crore-black-money-stashed-abroad-subramanian-swamy/, retrieved 2011-08-01
- ^ Vandita Mishra (2011-05-17), "Yours faithfully, (Subramanian Swamy)", Indian Express, http://www.indianexpress.com/news/yours-faithfully-subramanian-swamy/791675/0, retrieved 2011-08-01
- ^ "2G case: Subramanian Swamy submits documents against Chidambaram, arguments on January 21", Economic Times, 2012-01-7, http://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/politics/nation/2g-case-subramanian-swamy-submits-documents-against-chidambaram-arguments-on-january-21/articleshow/11399259.cms, retrieved 2012-01-07
- ^ "2G Scam: Advani asks if Raja is sole 'villain', blames Sonia for mess". PTI. Feb 08, 2012. http://articles.economictimes.indiatimes.com/2012-02-08/news/31037611_1_cash-for-vote-scam-2g-scam-cases. Retrieved May 06, 2012.
- ^ http://www.thehindu.com/news/national/article3421102.ece
- ^ "Kashmir defines Indian identity". The Hindu (Chennai, India). 2008-09-25. http://www.hindu.com/2008/09/25/stories/2008092551321100.htm.
- ^ Subramanian Swamy (2011-07-16), "Analysis: How to wipe out Islamic terror", Daily News and Analysis, http://www.dnaindia.com/analysis/analysis_how-to-wipe-out-islamic-terror_1566203-all, retrieved 2011-07-27
- ^ Subramanian Swamy (31 May 2010 01:10:30 AM IST), How to wipe out Islamic terror, Janata Party, http://janataparty.org/articledetail.asp?rowid=28
- ^ a b Harvard Stands by Instructor Who Wrote Inflammatory Op-ed – National. The Atlantic Wire (2011-08-08). Retrieved on 2011-10-16.
- ^ Smitha Nair (2011-07-29), "Subramanian Swamy's 'hate' article invites criticism", IBN Live, http://ibnlive.in.com/news/subramanian-swamys-article-invites-criticism/171395-3.html, retrieved 2011-07-31
- ^ a b "Subramanian Swamy courts trouble over hate article", Hindustan Times, 2011-07-18, http://www.hindustantimes.com/Swamy-courts-trouble-over-hate-article/H1-Article1-722734.aspx, retrieved 2011-07-28
- ^ Rakesh Sharma (2011-07-17), "Politics of hate will never define India", Daily News and Analysis, http://www.dnaindia.com/analysis/comment_politics-of-hate-will-never-define-india-part-i_1566502, retrieved 2011-07-27
- ^ Parsa Venkateshwar Rao Jr. (2011-07-19), "The paradox called Subramanian Swamy", Daily News and Analysis, http://www.dnaindia.com/analysis/column_the-paradox-called-subramanian-swamy_1567157, retrieved 2011-07-27
- ^ a b Beckett, Paul (2011-07-27), "Swamy Op-Ed Stokes Furor at Harvard", Wall Street Journal, http://blogs.wsj.com/indiarealtime/2011/07/27/swamy-op-ed-stokes-furor-at-harvard/, retrieved 2011-07-27
- ^ Leanna B. Ehrlich (2011-07-27), "Petition Calls Op-Ed by Harvard Summer School Instructor Offensive to Muslims", The Harvard Crimson, http://www.thecrimson.com/article/2011/7/27/swamy-harvard-india-petition/, retrieved 2011-07-27
- ^ "US civil liberties group cautions Harvard on action against Subramanian Swamy", The Times of India, 2011-07-30, http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/world/us/US-civil-liberties-group-cautions-Harvard-on-action-against-Subramanian-Swamy/articleshow/9418949.cms, retrieved 2011-07-30
- ^ Harvard Faculty Faculty Talks Occupy, Free Speech, and Holiday Brownies, The Harvard Crimson, 2011-12-07, http://www.thecrimson.com/article/2011/12/7/faculty-newsletter-last-meeting/, retrieved 2011-12-07
- ^ Harvard Faculty Cancel Controversial Summer School Instructor's Courses of Subramanian Swamy, The Harvard Crimson, 2011-12-07, http://www.thecrimson.com/article/2011/12/7/faculty-final-meeting/, retrieved 2011-12-07
- ^ Harvard University snubs Subramanian Swamy, drops courses taught by him, Rediff News, 2011-12-07, http://www.rediff.com/news/report/harvard-snubs-subramanian-swamy/20111208.htm, retrieved 2011-12-07
- ^ http://www.rediff.com/news/report/harvard-snubs-subramanian-swamy/20111208.htm
- ^ "Harvard drops Indian MP Subramanian Swamy's courses". BBC News. 2011-12-08. http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-asia-india-16081751.
- ^ http://www.insidehighered.com/news/2011/12/08/harvard-kills-courses-controversial-summer-school-instructor
- ^ Subramanian Swamy appears before tribunal examining LTTE ban The Times of India – Oct 28, 2010
- ^ LTTE part of the problem: Swamy The Hindu – Nov 13, 2008
- ^ Hold Sethu project implementation, says Swamy , சேது.. 'ஹோல்ட் ஆன்': சாமி – Oneindia Tamil. Thatstamil.oneindia.in (2009-06-18). Retrieved on 2011-10-16.
- ^ "The well-regarded Supreme Court advocate on her husband : SUNIT ARORA INTERVIEWS ROXNA SWAMY". Outlook (magazine). http://www.outlookindia.com/article.aspx?279891. Retrieved 2012-01-03.
- ^ Sunday Celebrity: Dr. Subramanian Swamy, his presence a must in Indian politics. Asian Tribune. Retrieved on 2011-10-16.
- ^ "Will pursue 2G scam case till the end, says Swamy". The Times of India. 2012-03-13. http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/pune/Will-pursue-2G-scam-case-till-the-end-says-Swamy/articleshow/12240886.cms. Retrieved January 3, 2012 (2012-13-03).
External links[link]
- Official Twitter Account @Swamy39
- Bio-Data at Janata Party website
- Official Biographical Sketch of Member of 12th Lok Sabha: Swamy
Others[link]
- Subramanian Swamy collected laws and court judgements at Indian Kanoon
- Subramanian Swamy collected news and commentary at India Today
- Subramanian Swamy collected news and commentary at The Times of India
- Subramanian Swamy collected news and commentary at Tehelka
- Subramanian Swamy collected news and commentary at The Hindu
| Persondata | |
|---|---|
| Name | Subramanian, Swamy |
| Alternative names | |
| Short description | |
| Date of birth | September 15, 1939 |
| Place of birth | Mylapore, Chennai, India |
| Date of death | |
| Place of death | |
http://wn.com/Subramanian_Swamy
Related pages:
http://hi.wn.com/सुब्रह्मण्यम स्वामी
This page contains text from Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Subramanian_Swamy
This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, which means that you can copy and modify it as long as the entire work (including additions) remains under this license.
This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, which means that you can copy and modify it as long as the entire work (including additions) remains under this license.
| Stephen Devassy | |
|---|---|
| File:Stephen Devassy 2.jpg | |
| Background information | |
| Born | (1981-02-23) February 23, 1981 (age 31) |
| Origin |  Ottapalam, Palakkad, Kerala |
| Genres | Classical, Indian, world music |
| Occupations | Pianist, composer, arranger |
| Years active | 1998–present |
| Associated acts | Seven, Rexband, Dhundhubi |
| Website | www.stephendevassy.com |
Stephen Devassy (born 23 February 1981 in Ottapalam, Palakkad, Kerala) is an Indian pianist. He composes, sets tunes and arranges music for the Indian music industry.
Contents |
Early life[link]
Stephen Devassy started learning the piano at age 10; he entered the world of music under the guidance of Leslie Peter, who was his first teacher. He learned the organ and then was introduced to the piano by Fr. Thomas at Chetana Music Academy in Thrissur, where he completed his Eighth Grade examination conducted by the Trinity College of Music, London.[1][2]
Career[link]
Stephen's first major break came when he was just 18, through Johny Sagarika, for whom he did the music orchestration of six songs on the album Ishtamannu. He then went as an accompanying artist to play the keyboard for Hariharan on his European tour. He has also accompanied the violin maestro L. Subramanian at the Lakshminarayana Global Music Festival.[3]
At age 19, he started a music band called Seven, with singers Franco Simon and Sangeeth. A Hindi pop band, they released an album titled Yeh Zindagani.
Stephen, who started performing at a young age, has done the music arrangement for many films. Some of the films he scored were Majaa, Thambi, Nammal, Azhagiya Thamizh Magan and Hariharan's album, Waqt Par Bolna.[4]
Hariharan Pillai Happy Aanu (2003) was his maiden music directorial venture in Malayalam.
He is one of the regular band members in Rexband, a Christian contemporary band singing gospel fusion, a musical outreach of the Jesus Youth Movement. He performed with the band before Pope John Paul II during World Youth Day performance in 2002 at Canada. At the time, it was the only catholic band invited from India. Stephen has orchestrated an instrumental version of the popular Rex Band melodies called Different Vibes.[1]
In association with Kosmic Music, Stephen has also set to tune to a background of Western music, Sanskrit slokas, mantras and verses from the Upanishads, called Sacred Chants of Kosmic Music, and albums of holy chants on Ganesha, Shiva and Vishnu.[5]
He has also assisted Sarod maestro Amjad Ali Khan with his album of Christmas carols, Breaking Barriers..
He has released his album Romanza, which was a mix of world music sprinkled with the flavor of piano. Indian ragas have been treated with the rich use of contemporary piano. Hariharan, Ouseppachan and a Russian vocalist appeared as guest artists on the album.
Stephen’s solo stage shows have propelled him to the top league of onstage performers.[6] Recently, Stephen Devassy made his first appearance on a Tamil channel by playing for the contestants and playback singers Srinivas, Chinmayi, Sujatha Mohan and Unnikrishnan in the unplugged round for the famous Tamil reality music show Airtel Super Singer 2008.[7]....
Stephen performed at Shakthi foundation's annual fundraising concert, Ghananjani 2009, along with Zakir Hussain, U Shrinivas, Sivamani and Dominique Piazza.On March 10, 2011,he performed in Ragam'11,the annual cultural fest of NIT Calicut And then he also went to perform for NMAM Institute of Technology(Nitte Mahalinga Adyanthaya Memorial)on 4 Of November in the TechFest also called Technidarshan.].[8] On march 12,2011,he performed in the popular cultural fest Spring Spree,held by NIT Warangal.
He appears as pianist in popular reality music show in Mazhavil Manorama television channel.
Achievements[link]
Stephen holds a record as Asia’s highest scorer in solo piano exams from Trinity College of Music, London[2][6] with a score of 92.2%. He also holds the record of completing the course in three years’ time.
Personal life[link]
Stephen is married to Jesna Joy.
References[link]
- ^ a b "Stephen Devassy profile". Webindia123.com. 1981-02-23. http://www.webindia123.com/movie/profiles/south/composers/stephen.htm. Retrieved 2010-08-25.
- ^ a b "He keys in music". The Hindu. http://www.hinduonnet.com/thehindu/mp/2005/03/14/stories/2005031401060200.htm. Retrieved 25 August 2010.
- ^ "The Hindu : Life Chennai : Village boy from Palakkad climbs the music ladder". hindu.com (Chennai, India). 12 June 2005. http://www.hindu.com/lf/2005/06/12/stories/2005061213120200.htm. Retrieved 25 August 2010.
- ^ "Key notes". Chennai, India: The Hindu. 2009-08-15. http://www.hindu.com/mp/2009/08/15/stories/2009081553150700.htm. Retrieved 2010-08-25.
- ^ "The right keys to success". Chennai, India: The Hindu. 2006-05-12. http://www.hindu.com/fr/2006/05/12/stories/2006051200890300.htm. Retrieved 2010-08-25.
- ^ a b Rasheed, PMA (14 January 2008). "My efforts are to change the colour of music". khaleejtimes.com. http://www.khaleejtimes.com/DisplayArticleNew.asp?xfile=data/citytimes/2008/January/citytimes_January125.xml§ion=citytimes&col=. Retrieved 25 August 2010.
- ^ "Unplugged for Round". Forum.indya.com. http://forum.indya.com/showthread.php?t=116226. Retrieved 2010-08-25.
- ^ Ragam Website
External links[link]
- http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cMjxTVx31KU
- http://team1dubai.blogspot.com/2008/01/interview-with-stephen-devassy-my.html
- http://www.hindu.com/mp/2009/02/24/stories/2009022450170600.htm
- Stephen Devassy at MSI
- http://stephendevassy.blogspot.in/
| Persondata | |
|---|---|
| Name | Devassy, Stephen |
| Alternative names | Stephen Ji |
| Short description | |
| Date of birth | 23 February 1981 |
| Place of birth | palakkad |
| Date of death | |
| Place of death | |
http://wn.com/Stephen_Devassy
This page contains text from Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stephen_Devassy
This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, which means that you can copy and modify it as long as the entire work (including additions) remains under this license.
This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, which means that you can copy and modify it as long as the entire work (including additions) remains under this license.
