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Exxon

Products:	Gasoline Convenience store At some locations: Diesel fuel Car wash Automobile repair shop
Parent:	ExxonMobil
Sister Companies:	Mobil Esso
Creation:	1882[1]
Official Website	Official Website

Exxon Building (1251 Avenue of Americas), former headquarters of Exxon

Exxon is a gas station as well as a brand of motor fuel and related products by ExxonMobil. In the early 21st century, Exxon's headquarters was located in Darien, CT.^[2] From 1972 to 1999, Exxon was the corporate name of the company previously known as Standard Oil Company of New Jersey or Jersey Standard.

History[link]

Exxon formally replaced the Esso, Enco, and Humble brands in the United States on January 1, 1973. The Esso name was a trademark of Jersey Standard Oil, and attracted protests from other Standard Oil spinoffs because of its similarity to the name of the parent company, Standard Oil. As a result, Jersey Standard was restricted from using Esso in the U.S., except in those states awarded to it in the 1911 Standard Oil antitrust settlement.

In states where it was restricted from using the Esso name, the company marketed under the Humble or Enco brands. The Humble brand was used at Texas stations for decades, as those operations were under the direction of Jersey Standard affiliate Humble Oil & Refining Company. In the middle to late 1950s, use of the Humble brand spread to other southwestern states, including Arizona, New Mexico, and Oklahoma.

In 1959, Jersey Standard gained full control of Humble Oil and restructured it into its U.S. marketing and refining division, to market nationwide under the Enco, Esso and Humble brands. Enco was created as an abbreviation of the phrase "ENergy COmpany." Humble introduced the Enco brand in 1960 in Oklahoma and surrounding states, to replace Humble's subsidiary Oklahoma and Pate brands. Humble also tried marketing under Enco in Ohio, but Standard Oil Company of Ohio (Sohio) protested that the Enco name and logo (a white oval with blue border and red lettering) too closely resembled that of Esso. Consequently, stations in Ohio were rebranded as Humble, and remained so until the Exxon brand came into use.

After the Enco brand was discontinued in Ohio, it was moved to other non-Esso states. In 1961, Humble stations in Arizona, New Mexico, Oklahoma and Texas were rebranded to Enco. That same year, Enco appeared on former Carter stations in the Midwest and the Pacific Northwest.

In 1963, Humble Oil and Tidewater Oil Company began negotiating a sale of Tidewater's West Coast refining and marketing operations. The sale would have given Humble Oil a large number of existing Flying A stations and distributorships, as well as a refinery in California, the nation's fastest-growing gasoline market. However, the Justice Department objected to the sale on anti-trust grounds. (In 1966, Phillips Petroleum Company bought Tidewater's western properties and rebranded all Flying A outlets to Phillips 66.)

Humble Oil continued to expand its West Coast operations, adding California to its marketing territory, building a large number of new Enco stations and rebranding others. In 1967, Humble Oil purchased all remaining Signal stations from Standard Oil Company of California (Chevron) and rebranded them as Enco outlets, greatly increasing Enco's presence in California. Finally, in 1969, Humble Oil opened a new refinery in Benicia, California.

In 1966, the U.S. Justice Department ordered Humble Oil to "cease and desist" from using the Esso brand at stations in several southeastern states, following protests from Standard Oil of Kentucky (Kyso), which was a Standard of California subsidiary in the process of rebranding its Standard stations to Chevron. By 1967, Humble Oil's Esso stations in the Southeast were rebranded to Enco.

In the 1960s and early 1970s, Humble Oil continued to have difficulties promoting itself as a nationwide marketer of petroleum products, despite a number of high-profile marketing strategies. These included the popular "Put a Tiger in Your Tank" advertising campaign and accompanying tiger mascot, introduced in 1959^[3] to promote Enco Extra and Esso Extra gasolines. Humble Oil also used similar logotypes, use of the Humble name in all Enco and Esso advertising, and uniform designs for all stations regardless of brand. In addition, Humble Oil was a major promoter and broadcast sponsor for college football in the Pacific-8 (now Pac-12) and Southwestern conferences.

But Humble Oil still faced stiff competition from such national brands such as Shell and Texaco, which at that time was the only company to market under one brand name in all 50 states. By the late 1960s, Humble officials realized that the time had come to develop a new brand name that could be used nationwide.

At first, consideration was given to simply rebranding all stations as Enco, but that was shelved when it was learned that the word "Enco" is similar in pronunciation to a Japanese term for "stalled car." ^[4]

In 1972, Exxon was unveiled as the new, unified brand name for all former Enco and Esso outlets. At the same time, the company changed its corporate name from Standard Oil of New Jersey to Exxon Corporation. The rebranding came after successful test-marketing of the Exxon name, under two experimental logos, in the fall and winter of 1971-72. Along with the new name, Exxon settled on a rectangular logo using red lettering and blue trim on a white background, similar to the familiar color scheme on the old Enco and Esso logos.

The company initially planned to change its name to "Exon," in keeping with the four-letter format of Enco and Esso. However, during the planning process, it was noted that James Exon was the governor of Nebraska. Renaming the company after a sitting governor seemed ill-advised, and the second "x" was added to the new name and logo.

The unrestricted international use of the popular Esso brand prompted Exxon to continue using it outside the U.S. Esso is the only widely used Standard Oil descendant brand left in existence. Others, such as Chevron, maintain a few Standard-branded stations in specific states in order to retain their trademarks and prevent others from using them.

In 1989 Exxon announced that it was moving its headquarters and around 300 employees from Manhattan, New York City to the Las Colinas area of Irving, Texas. Exxon sold the Exxon Building (1251 Avenue of the Americas), its former headquarters in Rockefeller Center, to a unit of Mitsui Real Estate Development Co. Ltd. in 1986 for $610 million. John Walsh, president of Exxon subsidiary Friendswood Development Company, stated that Exxon left New York because the costs were too high.^[5]

Logo[link]

The rectangular Exxon logo, with the blue strip at the bottom and red lettering with the two interlinked 'X's, was designed by noted industrial stylist Raymond Loewy. The interlinked 'X's are incorporated in the modern-day ExxonMobil corporate logo, but the original Exxon logo continues for marketing and station signage.

In 1985 Minolta introduced a new autofocus SLR camera system named "Maxxum" in the United States. Originally, cameras such as the Maxxum 7000, lenses and flashes used a logo with a crossed 'XX' in 'MAXXUM'.^[6] Exxon considered this a violation of their trademark, and as a result, Minolta was allowed to distribute cameras already produced, but was forced to change the stylistic 'XX' and implement this as a change in new production.^[7]

See also[link]

• Exxon
• Exxon Valdez
• Esso
• ExxonMobil

Notes[link]

This article includes a list of references, but its sources remain unclear because it has insufficient inline citations. Please help to improve this article by introducing more precise citations. (October 2009)

External links[link]

• Exxon Official website
• Exxon wins delay again; convinces Supreme Court to review Exxon Valdez damages
• ExxonSecrets a campaign directed against the company by Greenpeace
• Out of Balance Video, ExxonMobil's climate change impact.

Major Wright (born July 1, 1988) is an American football strong safety for the Chicago Bears of the National Football League (NFL). He played college football for the University of Florida, and was a member of a BCS National Championship team. He was drafted by the Bears in the third round of the 2010 NFL Draft.

Early years[link]

Wright was born in Lauderdale Lakes, Florida.^[1] He attended St. Thomas Aquinas High School in Ft. Lauderdale, Florida, and played high school football for the St. Thomas Aquinas Raiders.^[2] As a junior, he recorded 58 tackles with six interceptions and as a sophomore had 71 tackles and 10 interceptions.^[2] As a senior, he was a finalist for the National U.S. Army Player of the Year Award after he recorded 72 tackles and three interceptions.^[2] Wright was an all-state selection both years.^[2]

College career[link]

Wright received an athletic scholarship to attend the University of Florida in Gainesville, Florida,^[2] where he played for coach Urban Meyer's Florida Gators football team from 2007 to 2009.^[3] As a freshman in 2007, Wright started seven of 13 games for the Gators at free safety, recording 67 tackles, four forced fumbles and an interception.^[2] He was a first-team freshman All-American by CollegeFootballNews.com and second-team freshman All-American by Rivals.com.^[3] As a sophomore in 2008, Wright started all 14 games at free safety, recording 66 tackles and four interceptions, with one returned for a touchdown.^[2] He had nine tackles and an interception in the Gators win over the Oklahoma Sooners in the 2009 BCS National Championship Game.^[2]

After his junior season, Wright decided to forgo his senior year and enter the NFL Draft.^[4]

Professional career[link]

The Chicago Bears selected Wright in the third round (75th overall pick) of the 2010 NFL Draft,^[5] and was predicted to be a future starter by the Bears' general manager.^[6] During his rookie 2010 season, Wright played in eleven of sixteen regular season games. He intercepted a Matthew Stafford lob and returned it for a touchdown against the Detroit Lions on November 13, 2011.

See also[link]

	American football portal
	Biography portal
	College football portal

• 2008 Florida Gators football team
• Florida Gators
• List of Chicago Bears players
• List of Florida Gators football players

References[link]

External links[link]

• Major Wright – Chicago Bears player profile
• Major Wright – Florida Gators player profile

Achim Reichel
Reichel performing in 1971
Background information
Born	(1944-01-28) 28 January 1944 (age 68) Hamburg, Germany
Genres	Psychedelic rock, Krautrock
Occupations	Musician, songwriter, producer
Instruments	Vocals
Associated acts	The Rattles
Website	achim-reichel.de

Achim Reichel (born on January 28, 1944) is a musician, producer and songwriter from Hamburg, Germany. He is known for his 1991 single "Aloha Heja He", and serving as the frontman for the 1960s beat group The Rattles, who, among other achievements, were selected to open for The Beatles on the Fabs' last-ever tour of Europe in 1966.^[1]

In 1968, he co-founded the psychedelic pop group Wonderland, which also included English ex-patriate Les Humphries who would soon start his own Les Humphries Singers. In 1971, Reichel left the group for his own progressive Krautrock solo project, A. R. & Machines, of which the first album Die grüne Reise (The green journey) was critically acclaimed and likened to bands such as Kraftwerk and Tangerine Dream.

Since 1975, Reichel has taken a keen interest in recording traditional German songs and classic poetry as modern-style music, which includes such albums as Dat Shanty Alb'm (1975), Klabautermann (1977), Regenballade (1978), Fledermaus (1988), Melancholie & Sturmflut (1991, including the hit "Aloha Heja He"), Wilder Wassermann (2002), and Volxlieder (2006).^[1]

Discography[link]

• AR3 (1972)
• AR IV (1973)
• Erholung (1974)
• Autovision (1974)
• Dat Shanty Alb'm (1976)
• Klabautermann (1977)
• Regenballade (1977)
• Heiße Scheibe (1979)
• Ungeschminkt (1980)
• Eine Ewigkeit Unterwegs (1986)
• Fledermaus (1988)
• Melancholie Und Sturmflut (1991)
• Wahre Liebe (1993)
• Nachtexpress (1994)

[edit] With A.R. & Machines^[2]

• Die grüne Reise (The green journey) (1971)
• Echo (1972)

References[link]

External links[link]

• Official website
• Achim Reichel discography at Discogs

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