Kashubian Language

Sunday, 20 January 2013

Kaszubski Idol - Casting w Kościerzynie.wmv

Welewetka - Weronika Korthals (feat. Larry OK Ugwu)

Spruce Meadows 2009 Krakusy Kashubian Kaszubskie

Kashubian wedding dance - George & Magda Lazarus

The Kashubian Interregnum - by DOR and Stian Smestad.

KIA winter driving: Cashubian district Poland December 2010

TVG-9 GREENPOLAND Way Through Kashubian Forest

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Berlin
Berlin ( /bɜrˈlɪn/; German pronunciation: [bɛɐ̯ˈliːn] ( listen)) is the capital city of Germany and one of the 16 states of Germany. With a population of 3.5 million people, Berlin is Germany's largest city and is the second most populous city proper and the eighth most populous urban area in the European Union. Located in northeastern Germany, it is the center of the Berlin-Brandenburg Metropolitan Region, which has 5.9 million residents from over 190 nations. Located in the European Plains, Berlin is influenced by a temperate seasonal climate. Around one third of the city's area is composed of forests, parks, gardens, rivers and lakes.
First documented in the 13th century, Berlin was the capital of the Kingdom of Prussia (1701–1918), the German Empire (1871–1918), the Weimar Republic (1919–1933) and the Third Reich (1933–1945).Berlin in the 1920s was the third largest municipality in the world. After World War II, the city became divided into East Berlin—the capital of East Germany—and West Berlin, a West German exclave surrounded by the Berlin Wall (1961–1989). Following German reunification in 1990, the city regained its status as the capital of Germany, hosting 147 foreign embassies.

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Gdańsk
Gdańsk ( /ɡəˈdænsk/ or /ɡəˈdɑːnsk/; Polish: [ˈɡdaɲsk]; German: Danzig, pronounced [ˈdantsɪç]) is a Polish city on the Baltic coast, at the center of the country's fourth-largest metropolitan area.
The city lies on the southern edge of Gdańsk Bay (of the Baltic Sea), in a conurbation with the city of Gdynia, spa town of Sopot, and suburban communities, which together form a metropolitan area called the Tricity (Trójmiasto), with a population of over 800,000. Gdańsk itself has a population of 455,830 (June 2010), making it the largest city in the Pomerania region of Northern Poland.
Gdańsk is Poland's principal seaport as well as the capital of the Pomeranian Voivodeship. It is also historically the largest city of the Kashubian region. The city is close to the former late medieval/modern boundary between West Slavic and Germanic lands and it has a complex political history with periods of Polish rule, periods of German rule, and extensive self-rule, with two spells as a free city. It has been part of modern Poland since 1945.

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Gdynia
Gdynia [ˈɡdɨɲa] ( listen) (Kashubian: Gdiniô, German: Gdingen) is a city in the Pomeranian Voivodeship of Poland and an important seaport of Gdańsk Bay on the south coast of the Baltic Sea.
Located in Kashubia in Eastern Pomerania, Gdynia is part of a conurbation with the spa town of Sopot, the city of Gdańsk and suburban communities, which together form a metropolitan area called the Tricity (Trójmiasto), with a population of over a million people.
The area of the later city of Gdynia shared its history with Pomerelia (Eastern Pomerania); in prehistoric times it was the center of Oksywie culture; it was later populated by Slavs with some Baltic Prussian influences.
The decision to build a major seaport at the Gdynia village was made by the Polish government in the winter of 1920, in the midst of the Polish-Soviet War (1919–1920). The authorities and seaport workers of the Free City of Danzig felt Poland's economic rights in the city were being misappropriated to help fight the war.^{[citation needed]} German dock workers went on strike, refusing to unload shipments of military supplies send from the West to aid the Polish army, and Poland realized the need for a port city it was in complete control of, economically and politically.

wn.com/Gdynia
Gmina Parchowo
Gmina Parchowo is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Bytów County, Pomeranian Voivodeship, in northern Poland. Its seat is the village of Parchowo, which lies approximately 14 kilometres (9 mi) north-east of Bytów and 66 km (41 mi) west of the regional capital Gdańsk.
The gmina covers an area of 130.91 square kilometres (50.5 sq mi), and as of 2006 its total population is 3,407.
Gmina Parchowo is bordered by the gminas of Bytów, Czarna Dąbrówka, Lipusz, Sierakowice, Studzienice and Sulęczyno.

wn.com/Gmina_Parchowo
Gmina Sierakowice
Gmina Sierakowice is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Kartuzy County, Pomeranian Voivodeship, in northern Poland. Its seat is the village of Sierakowice, which lies approximately 21 kilometres (13 mi) west of Kartuzy and 49 km (30 mi) west of the regional capital Gdańsk.
The gmina covers an area of 182.36 square kilometres (70.4 sq mi), and as of 2006 its total population is 16,570. It belongs to bilingual communes in Poland.
The gmina contains part of the protected area called Kashubian Landscape Park.
Gmina Sierakowice contains the villages and settlements of Ameryka, Bącka Huta, Bór, Borowy Las, Bukowo, Ciechomie, Dąbrowa Puzdrowska, Długi Kierz, Dolina Jadwigi, Gowidlinko, Gowidlino, Gowidlino-Wybudowanie, Jagodowo, Janowo, Jelonko, Kamienica Królewska, Kamienicka Huta, Kamienicki Młyn, Kamionka Gowidlińska, Karczewko, Karłowo, Karwacja, Kokwino, Koryta, Kowale, Kujaty, Kukówka, Łączki, Lemany, Leszczynki, Lisie Jamy, Łyśniewo Sierakowickie, Migi, Moczydło, Mojusz, Mojuszewska Huta, Mrozy, Nowa Ameryka, Nowalczysko, Olszewko, Paczewo, Pałubice, Patoki, Piekiełko, Poljańska, Poręby, Przylesie, Puzdrowo, Puzdrowski Młyn, Rębienica, Sierakowice, Sierakowice-Wybudowanie, Sierakowska Huta, Skrzeszewo, Smolniki, Sosnowa Góra, Srocze Góry, Stara Huta, Stara Maszyna, Szklana, Szopa, Szramnica, Tuchlinek, Tuchlino, Welk, Wygoda Sierakowska, Załakowo and Zarębisko.

wn.com/Gmina_Sierakowice
Kashubia
Kashubia or Cassubia (Kashubian: Kaszëbë, Polish: Kaszuby, German: Kaschubei, Kaschubien) - is a language area in the historic Eastern Pomerania (Pomerelia) region of northwestern Poland. Located west of Gdańsk (inclusive of all but the easternmost district) and the mouth of the Vistula river, it is inhabited by members of the Kashubian ethnic group. According to the 1999 basic study Geografia współczesnych Kaszub (Geography of present-day Kashubia) by the Gdańsk scholar Jan Mordawski 43 municipalities (gminas) of the Pomeranian Voivodeship have a Kashubian share of at least one third of the total population:
The area in question is dominated by podsols formed on sand, gravel and loam. These are classes IV, V and VI soils, i.e. the least fertile types of soil. Brown soils formed on gravel and clay occur to a lesser extent, and are somewhat more fertile than the podsols. Land selected for cultivation usually has a pH of between 5.0 and 6.0. Postglacial relief characterised by numerous ponds and channel lakes are typical for Kashubia.

wn.com/Kashubia
Kościerzyna
Kościerzyna [kɔɕt͡ɕeˈʐɨna] (Kashubian/Pomeranian: Kòscérzëna, former German: Berent (help·info)) is a town in Kashubia in Gdańsk Pomerania region, northern Poland, with some 24,000 inhabitants. It has been the capital of Kościerzyna County in Pomeranian Voivodeship since 1999; previously it was in Gdańsk Voivodeship from 1975 to 1998. It is around 50 km south-west of Gdańsk and Tricity.
Records of the Population of Berent from 1641- 1944 are on film rolls (see link below)

1960: 10,900 inhabitants of Kościerzyna
1970: 15,100 inhabitants
1975: 17,100 inhabitants
1980: 18,700 inhabitants
1990: 22,700 inhabitants
1995: 23,100 inhabitants
1998: 23,500 inhabitants
2003: 23,196 inhabitants (Men: 11 272)
City Hall
Railway Museum in Kościerzyna
View from train station in Kościerzyna
Retro train "Costerina" Gdynia - Kościerzyna
Marketplace
Kościerzyna is twinned with: Cölbe, Sanary-sur-Mer, Pryluky
Coordinates: 54°07′N 17°59′E / 54.117°N 17.983°E / 54.117; 17.983

wn.com/Kościerzyna
Kraków
Kraków (Polish pronunciation: [ˈkrakuf] ( listen)) also Cracow, or Krakow (English /ˈkrækaʊ/), is the second largest and one of the oldest cities in Poland. Situated on the Vistula River (Polish: Wisła) in the Lesser Poland region, the city dates back to the 7th century. Kraków has traditionally been one of the leading centres of Polish academic, cultural, and artistic life and is one of Poland's most important economic hubs. It was the capital of Poland from 1038 to 1569; the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth from 1569 to 1596; the Grand Duchy of Kraków from 1846 to 1918; and Kraków Voivodeship from the 14th century to 1999. It is now the capital of the Lesser Poland Voivodeship.
The city has grown from a Stone Age settlement to Poland's second most important city. It began as a hamlet on Wawel Hill and was already being reported as a busy trading centre of Slavonic Europe in 965. With the establishment of new universities and cultural venues at the emergence of the Second Polish Republic and throughout the 20th century, Kraków reaffirmed its role as a major national academic and artistic centre. The city has a population of approximately 760,000 whereas about 8 million people live within a 100 km radius of its main square.

wn.com/Kraków
New York
New York (/njuː ˈjɔrk/; locally IPA: [nɪu ˈjɔək] or [nuː ˈjɔɹk] ( listen)) is a state in the Northeastern region of the United States. New York is the 27th most extensive, the 3rd most populous, and the 7th most densely populated of the 50 United States. New York is bordered by New Jersey and Pennsylvania to the south, and by Connecticut, Massachusetts and Vermont to the east. The state has a maritime border with Rhode Island east of Long Island, as well as an international border with the Canadian provinces of Ontario to the west and north, and Quebec to the north. The state of New York is often referred to as New York State to distinguish it from New York City.
New York City, with a population of over 8.1 million, is the most populous city in the United States. Alone, it makes up over 40 percent of the population of New York state. It is known for its status as a center for finance and culture and for its status as the largest gateway for immigration to the United States. According to the U.S. Department of Commerce, New York City is also a destination of choice for many foreign visitors. Both the state and city were named for the 17th century Duke of York, James Stuart, future James II and VII of England and Scotland.

wn.com/New_York
Pelplin
Pelplin [ˈpɛlplʲin] is a small town in Tczew County, Pomeranian Voivodship, Poland. Population: 9,993 (2007). The former Pelplin Abbey is the seat of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Pelplin, and the abbey church is now Pelpin Cathedral.
It is located at around 53°55′41″N 18°41′52″E / 53.92806°N 18.69778°E / 53.92806; 18.69778Coordinates: 53°55′41″N 18°41′52″E / 53.92806°N 18.69778°E / 53.92806; 18.69778.

wn.com/Pelplin
Poland
Poland ⁱ/ˈpoʊlənd/ (Polish: Polska), officially the Republic of Poland (Polish: Rzeczpospolita Polska; Kashubian: Pòlskô Repùblika; Silesian: Polsko Republika), is a country in Central Europe, bordered by Germany to the west; the Czech Republic and Slovakia to the south; Ukraine, Belarus and Lithuania to the east; and the Baltic Sea and Kaliningrad Oblast, a Russian exclave, to the north. The total area of Poland is 312,679 square kilometres (120,726 sq mi), making it the 69th largest country in the world and the 9th largest in Europe. Poland has a population of over 38 million people, which makes it the 34th most populous country in the world and the sixth most populous member of the European Union, being its most populous post-communist member. Poland is a unitary state made up of 16 voivodeships. Poland is a member of the European Union, NATO, the United Nations, the World Trade Organization, the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), European Economic Area, International Energy Agency, Council of Europe, Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe, International Atomic Energy Agency, G6, Council of the Baltic Sea States, Visegrád Group, Weimar Triangle and Schengen Agreement.

wn.com/Poland
Pomerania
Pomerania - Polish: Pomorze, Kashubian: Pòmòrze or Pòmòrskô, (German: Pommern, Latin: Pomerania or Pomorania) is a historical region on the south shore of the Baltic Sea. Divided between Germany and Poland, it stretches roughly from the Recknitz River near Stralsund in the West, via the Oder River delta near Szczecin, to the mouth of the Vistula River near Gdańsk in the East. Pomerania was strongly affected by 20th century, post-World War I and II border and population shifts.
Pomerania belongs to the lowlands of the North European Plain. Outside its few urban centers − most notably the Szczecin and Tricity metropolitan areas − the poor soil is mostly used as farmland, dotted with numerous lakes, forests, and small towns. Agriculture primarily consists of raising livestock, forestry, fishery and the cultivation of cereals, sugar beets, and potatoes. Since the late 19th century, tourism has become an important sector of the economy, primarily in the numerous seaside resorts along the coast. Of the limited industrial zones, the most important products are ships, metal products, refined sugar, and paper.

wn.com/Pomerania
Puck County
Puck County (Polish: powiat pucki, Kashubian: pùcczi pòwiat) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Pomeranian Voivodeship, northern Poland, on the Baltic coast. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat is the town of Puck, which lies 40 kilometres (25 mi) north of the regional capital Gdańsk. The county contains three other towns: Władysławowo, 16 km (10 mi) north of Puck, Jastarnia, 18 km (11 mi) east of Puck, and Hel, 29 km (18 mi) east of Puck, at the tip of the Hel Peninsula.
The county covers an area of 577.85 square kilometres (223.1 sq mi). As of 2006 its total population is 74,196, out of which the population of Władysławowo is 14,892, that of Puck is 11,329, that of Jastarnia is 4,033, that of Hel is 3,898, and the rural population is 40,044.

Puck County on a map of the counties of Pomeranian Voivodeship
Puck County is bordered by the city of Gdynia to the south and Wejherowo County to the south-west. It also borders the Bay of Puck to the east and the Baltic Sea to the north.

wn.com/Puck_County
Vistula
The Vistula ( /ˈvɪstʃələ/; Polish: Wisła [ˈvʲiswa], German: Weichsel) is the longest and the most important^{[citation needed]} river in Poland, at 1,047 km (651 miles) in length. The watershed area of the Vistula is 194,424 km² (75,068 sq mi), of which 168,699 km² (65,135 sq mi) lies within Poland (splitting the country in half).
The Vistula rises at Barania Góra in the south of Poland, 1220 meters above sea level in the Silesian Beskids (western part of Carpathian Mountains) where it begins with the White Little Vistula (Biała Wisełka) and the Black Little Vistula (Czarna Wisełka). It then continues to flow over the vast Polish plains, passing several large Polish cities along its way, including Kraków, Sandomierz, Warsaw, Płock, Włocławek, Toruń, Bydgoszcz, Świecie, Grudziądz, Tczew and Gdańsk. It empties into the Vistula Lagoon or directly into the Gdańsk Bay of the Baltic Sea with a delta and several branches (Leniwka, Przekop, Śmiała Wisła, Martwa Wisła, Nogat and Szkarpawa).
The name was first recorded by Pliny in AD 77 in his Natural History. He uses Vistula (4.52, 4.89) with an alternative spelling, Vistillus (3.06). The Vistula River ran into the Mare Suebicum, which is today known as the Baltic Sea. The root of the name Vistula is Indo-European ultimately from proto-Indo-European. The diminutive endings -ila, -ula, were used in many Indo-European language groups, including Latin (see Ursula).

wn.com/Vistula

Aleksander Majkowski
Aleksander Majkowski (17 July 1876 - 10 February 1938) was a Kashubian writer, poet, journalist, editor, activist, and physician. He was the most important figure in the Kashubian movement before World War II. He was the editor of "Gryf" (The Griffin) and author of the greatest Kashubian novel Żëcé i przigodë Remusa ("The Life and Adventures of Remus"), and The History of the Kashubs.
Aleksander Jan Alojzy Majkowski was born into a farming family on July 17, 1876, in Kościerzyna (then Berent, West Prussia), the eldest child of two sisters and three brothers. In Kościerzyna, he completed primary school (Volksschule) and in 1885-90 attended a German progymnasium. He was given a scholarship of Towarzystwo Pomocy Naukowej (Society of Educational Aid), based in Chełmno (then Culm). In 1891, he began his education in gymnasium in Chojnice, living in a convent there. Also there, he became acquainted with Polish literature and history. In 1895, he earned his matriculation certificate. At first, he meant to study theology and become a priest, but instead he enrolled at the Berlin University and in 1897, began studying medicine. In Berlin, he became involved in social activities; for example, he gave lectures for Poles who lived there.

wn.com/Aleksander_Majkowski
Florian Ceynowa
Florian Ceynowa (Kashubian Florión Cenôwa) (May 4, 1817 – March 26, 1881) was a doctor, political activist, writer, and linguist. He undertook efforts to identitfy Kashubian language, culture and traditions. He awakened Kashubian self-identity, thereby opposing both Germanisation and Prussian authority, and Polish nobility and clergy. He believed in a separate Kashubian identity and strove for a Russian-led pan-Slavic federacy.
Ceynowa attempted to take the Prussian garrison in Preußisch Stargard (Starogard Gdański) during 1846, but the operation failed when his 100 combatants, armed only with scythes, decided to abandon the site before the attack was carried out. He was the pioneer of the nationalist movement among the Kashubian people in the mid-19th century. He was an important person for Kashubian literature. He was also a translator of Russian texts into Kashubian language.

wn.com/Florian_Ceynowa
Hieronim Derdowski
Hieronim Derdowski (March 9, 1852, Wiele, Pomeranian Voivodeship, Poland – August 13, 1902, Winona, Minnesota, USA) (Kashubian Hieronim Derdowsczi or Jarosz Derdowsczi), Kashubian-Polish intellectual and activist, was born to Kashubian parents in the Pomeranian village of Wiele. By the time Derdowski emigrated to the United States in 1885, he had already studied for the Roman Catholic priesthood, been repeatedly incarcerated by the German authorities, and edited a newspaper in the city of Torun. At the time, however, Derdowski was better known as a poet. Within two years of reaching the United States he became editor of the Winona, Minnesota Polish-language newspaper Wiarus. In this role he gained a reputation as a strong voice for the Polish-American community, also known as Polonia.

wn.com/Hieronim_Derdowski
Jan Trepczyk
Jan Trepczyk (Kashubian: Jan Trepczik; born 22 October 1907 in Strysza Buda, Kartuzy, died 3 September 1989, in Wejherowo, Poland) was one of the most accomplished Kashubian poets, and also a song writer, a Kashubian ideologist, lexicographer, and teacher. He was a member of the Regional Kashub Association of Kartuzy, of the “Zrzeszeńcy” (“associationists”), and of the Kashub-Pomeranian Association. He compiled the Polish-Kashubian Dictionary and co-founded the Kashub-Pomeranian Literature and Music Museum in Wejherowo.
Born as the youngest of the five children to a farmer couple of Jan and Berta (maiden name: Hebel), between 1914 and 1921, he attended elementary school in Mirachowo (first in German, later in the Polish language). It was where he met Aleksander Labuda for the first time. In 1921, he entered the state run Teacher’s Seminary for Males in Kościerzyna. Here, one of his teachers was a priest, Leon Heyke, who instilled in Trepczyk interest in the Kashubian culture. Following his graduation, Trepczyk started teaching at an elementary school in Kartuzy. In 1927, he accepted a teaching position in Miszewo, near Żukowo.

wn.com/Jan_Trepczyk
Kashubians
Kashubians/Kaszubians (Kashubian: Kaszëbi, Polish: Kaszubi/ Kaszuby, German: Kaschuben), also called Kashubs, Kashubes, Kaszubians, Kassubians or Cassubians, are a West Slavic ethnic group in Pomerelia, north-central Poland. Their settlement area is referred to as Kashubia (Kashubian: Kaszëbë, Polish: Kaszuby, German: Kaschubei, Kaschubien).
They speak Kashubian, classified either as a language or a Polish dialect. In analogy to the linguistic classification, Kashubians are considered either an ethnic or a linguistic group.
Slovincians are grouped with the Kashubians as Pomeranians. Similarly the Slovincian and Kashubian languages are grouped as the Pomeranian language, with Slovincian being either a closely related language or a Kashubian dialect.
Among larger cities, Gdynia (Gdiniô) contains the largest proportion of people declaring Kashubian origin. However, the biggest city of the Kashubia region is Gdańsk (Gduńsk), the capital of the Pomeranian Voivodeship and the traditional capital of Kashubia. Between 80.3% and 93.9% people of the people in Linia, Sierakowice, Szemud, Kartuzy, Chmielno, Żukowo, etc. are of Kashubian descent.

wn.com/Kashubians
Sorbian languages
The Sorbian languages (Serbsce, Serbski) are classified under the Slavic branch of the Indo-European languages. They are the native languages of the Sorbs, a Slavic minority in the Lusatia region of eastern Germany. Historically the language has also been known as Wendish or Lusatian. Their collective ISO 639-2 code is wen. It is closely related to Polish, Kashubian, Czech and Slovak.
There are two literary languages: Upper Sorbian (hornjoserbsce), spoken by about 40,000 people in Saxony, and Lower Sorbian (dolnoserbski) spoken by about 10,000 people in Brandenburg. The area where the two languages are spoken is known as Lusatia (Łužica in Upper Sorbian, Łužyca in Lower Sorbian, or Lausitz in German).
Both languages have the dual for nouns, pronouns, adjectives and verbs; very few known living Indo-European languages retain this feature as a productive aspect of the grammar (see Slovenian grammar or Lithuanian grammar for other ones).
In Germany, Upper and Lower Sorbian are officially recognized and protected as minority languages. In the home areas of the Sorbs, both languages are officially equal to German.

wn.com/Sorbian_languages
Stanisław Pestka
Stanisław Pestka (born 1929 in Rolbik) is a Kashubian poet. He is also a translator of Russian texts into Kashubian language. He was the chairman of Kashubian-Pomeranian Association from 1976-1980 and again from 1992-1994. He was a Kashubian activist.

wn.com/Stanisław_Pestka

Kaszubski Idol - Casting w Kościerzynie.wmv

...

published: 19 May 2010

author: Telewizja Kaszuby

Welewetka - Weronika Korthals (feat. Larry OK Ugwu)

www.weronika.net.pl Welewetka pochodzi z płyty 'NA WIEDNO' Weroniki Korthals (2009r.) Nagr...

published: 09 Aug 2011

author: 100robertm

Ludowa Nuta Dożynki '10 Kaszub Song

Ludowa Nuta performing the well-known Kashubian song called "Kashubian Notes", a song used...

published: 26 Aug 2010

author: Andy Golebiowski

Slavic Countries

The Slavic languages (also called Slavonic languages), a group of closely related language...

published: 21 Jul 2007

author: ConnyLundgren

Spruce Meadows 2009 Krakusy Kashubian Kaszubskie

...

published: 14 Sep 2009

author: Hertena

Kashubian wedding dance - George & Magda Lazarus

21st August 2009, shot by Steph Dyball...

published: 31 Aug 2009

author: spphillips

Kashubian food at Sobótka

Kashubian food at Sobótka. The lake is Brodno Maly and it is not the largest lake in the K...

published: 27 Jul 2008

author: Alan Heath

Take this Walcz

Walcz (pronounced "vouch") is the name of a pleasant Pomeranian town derived from the Kash...

published: 13 Dec 2008

author: usenetposts

The Kashubian Interregnum - by DOR and Stian Smestad.

This film is part of 'Situation: The Kashubian interregnum (New theory)' a DOR exhibition ...

published: 10 Jun 2010

author: hellostian

KIA winter driving: Cashubian district Poland December 2010

Winter driving: Cashubian district Poland December 2010...

published: 22 Dec 2010

author: AndyOrly

Zoczatk - Ewelina Pobłocka

Teledysk...

published: 01 Sep 2009

author: Ewelina Pobłocka

TVG-9 GREENPOLAND Way Through Kashubian Forest

TVG-9 www.tvg9.cba.pl...

published: 19 Jun 2010

author: Klaudiusz Wesołek

MOV00664.MPG

Melody "Kaszebsczi Jezora" played during Accordion Meeting in Słupsk 20th March 2011. The ...

published: 28 Mar 2011

author: kamieniarczyk

Buka

This movie emerged, when my brother and i went for a walk by a Kashubian lake. We took our...

published: 03 Sep 2006

author: Dominik Kapusta

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Kashubian
Kaszëbsczi jãzëk
Spoken in	Poland
Region	Pomerania
Native speakers	50,000 (date missing)
Language family	Indo-European Balto-Slavic Slavic West Slavic Lechitic Pomeranian Kashubian
Writing system	Latin (Kashubian alphabet)
Official status
Official language in	In official use, as a regional language, in some communes of Pomeranian Voivodeship, Poland
Regulated by	Kashubian Language Council
Language codes
ISO 639-2	`csb`
ISO 639-3	`csb`
Linguasphere	`53-AAA-cb`

Kashubian or Cassubian (Kashubian: kaszëbsczi jãzëk, pòmòrsczi jãzëk, kaszëbskò-słowińskô mòwa; Polish: język kaszubski, język pomorski, język kaszubsko-słowiński) is one of the Lechitic languages, a subgroup of the Slavic languages.^[1]^[2]^[3]

Kashubian dialects area (with ethnonyms groups)

Kashubian dialects area in the early 20th century

Kashubian is assumed to have evolved from the language spoken by some tribes of Pomeranians called Kashubians, in the region of Pomerania, on the southern coast of the Baltic Sea between the Vistula and Oder rivers.

It is closely related to Slovincian, and both are dialects of Pomeranian. Many linguists, in Poland and elsewhere, consider it a divergent dialect of Polish, although now it is usually recognized as the closest living relative of Polish. The Polish Wikipedia article on Kashubian contains a thorough discussion of this question. Dialectal diversity is so great within Kashubian that a speaker of southern Kashubian has considerable difficulty in understanding a speaker of the northernmost dialects.

Like Polish, Kashubian includes about 5% loanwords from Low German, such as kùńszt (art), and some from High German.^[4] Other sources of loanwords include the Baltic languages, Russian and Polish. In dialects of Kashubian a schwa occurs.

The earliest printed documents in Kashubian date from the end of the 16th century. The modern orthography was first proposed in 1879.

In the 2002 census, 53,000 people in Poland declared that they mainly use Kashubian at home. All Kashubian speakers are also fluent in Polish. A number of schools in Poland use Kashubian as a teaching language. It is an official alternative language for local administration purposes in Gmina Sierakowice and Gmina Parchowo in Pomeranian Voivodeship.

Important for Kashubian literature was Xążeczka dlo Kaszebov by Doctor Florian Ceynowa (1817–1881). Hieronim Derdowski (1852-1902 in Winona, Minnesota) was another significant author who wrote in Kashubian, as did Doctor Aleksander Majkowski (1876–1938) from Kościerzyna. Jan Trepczyk was a poet who wrote in Kashubian, as was Stanisław Pestka. Kashubian literature has been translated into Czech, Polish, English, German, Belarusian, Slovene and Finnish. A considerable body of Christian literature has been translated into Kashubian, including the New Testament, much of it by Fr. Adam Ryszard Sikora (OFM).^[5] Rev. Franciszek Grucza^[6] graduated from a Catholic seminary in Pelplin. He was the first priest to introduce Catholic liturgy in Kashubian language.

There were school strikes by Kashubian children in 1906.^[7] Following the collapse of Communism in Poland, attitudes on the status of Kashubian have been gradually changing. It is increasingly seen as a fully-fledged language, since it is taught in state schools and has some limited usage on public radio and television. Since 2005 Kashubian has enjoyed legal protection in Poland as an official regional language. It is the only language in Poland with this status, which was granted by an act of the Polish Parliament on January 6, 2005. The act provides for its use in official contexts in ten communes where Kashubian speakers constitute at least 20 percent of the population.

1 Gallery
2 See also
3 Notes
4 References
5 External links

Gallery [link]

Percentage of people that speak Kashubian at home (2002)
Bilingual sign in Polish and Kashubian in Pogórze, Puck County, Poland, on road from Gdynia to Rewa
Page of Stefan Ramult Pomeranian (Kashubian language) Dictionary 1893
Song: "Kaszubskie nuty"

Notes [link]

^ Stephen Barbour, Cathie Carmichael, Language and Nationalism in Europe, Oxford University Press, 2000, p.199, ISBN 0-19-823671-9
^ [1] - Paul Hopkins, Department of Linguistics - University of Victoria
^ About Languages - University of Leipzig
^ Anna Gliszczyńska. Germanizmy leksykalne południowej kaszubszczyzny (Na materiale książki Bolesława Jażdżewskiego Wspomnienia kaszubskiego "gbura"). „LingVaria”. 1 (3), s. 79–89, 2007. Kraków: Uniwersytet Jagielloński. ISSN 1896-2122.
^ http://www.franciszkanie.net/artykul/156,291,o_prof_uam_dr_hab_adam_sikora_ofm/
^ Peter Hauptmann, Günther Schulz, Kirche im Osten: Studien zur osteuropäischen Kirchengeschichte und Kirchenkunde, Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, 2000, pp.44ff, ISBN 3-525-56393-0 [2]
^ http://books.google.pl/books?vid=ISBN3110107767&id=_Rap55ZimykC&pg=PA35&lpg=PA36&printsec=8&dq=ostmarkenverein&sig=IBScuI7AMqXGmfZap9iVXSbh8HA&hl=en&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=ostmarkenverein&f=false

References [link]

Gyula Décsy, Die linguistische Struktur Europas, Vergangenheit — Gegenwart — Zukunft, Otto Harrassowitz, Wiesbaden 1973
Friedhelm Hinze, Wörterbuch und Lautlehre der deutschen Lehnwörter im Pomoranischen (Kaschubischen), Berlin 1965
Friedrich Lorentz, Geschichte der Pomoranischen (Kaschubischen) Sprache, Berlin and Leipzig, 1925
Stefan Ramułt, Słownik języka pomorskiego, czyli kaszubskiego, Kraków, 1893 i.e. "Dictionary of the Pomeranian (Seacoast) or Kashubian language" (Kraków, 1893)
Stefan Ramułt, Słownik języka pomorskiego czyli kaszubskiego. Scalił i znormalizował Jerzy Treder, Gdańsk, 2003
C. F. i F. N. Voegelin, Classification and Index of the World's Languages. Elsevier, New York 1977

External links [link]

Kashubian language edition of Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Kashubian language

Look up Appendix:Kashubian Swadesh list or Kashubian Swadesh list of basic vocabulary words in Wiktionary, the free dictionary.

v t e Slavic languages

History	Proto-Slavic Old Church Slavonic Cyril and Methodius Cyrillic script

West Slavic	Czech Kashubian Knaanic Polabian Polish Pomeranian Slovak Slovincian Sorbian Lower Upper

East Slavic	Belarusian Iazychie · Old East Slavic Old Novgorod dialect Russian Ruthenian Ukrainian

South Slavic	Bulgarian Church Slavonic Macedonian Old Church Slavonic Serbo-Croatian Bosnian Croatian Montenegrin Serbian Slovene

Constructed languages	Pan-Slavic language Slovianski Slovio

Separate dialects and Slavic microlanguages	Banat Bulgarian Burgenland Croatian Carpathian Rusyn Chakavian East Slovak Kajkavian Lach Moravian Molise Croatian Pannonian Rusyn Prekmurian Resian Silesian Slavic dialects of Greece Shtokavian West Polesian Torlakian

Italics indicate extinct languages.

http://wn.com/Kashubian_language

http://it.wn.com/Lingua casciuba

http://cs.wn.com/Kašubština

http://es.wn.com/Idioma casubio

http://ru.wn.com/Кашубский язык

http://nl.wn.com/Kasjoebisch

http://id.wn.com/Bahasa Kasubia

http://pl.wn.com/Język kaszubski

http://fr.wn.com/Cachoube

http://de.wn.com/Kaschubische Sprache

http://pt.wn.com/Língua cassúbia

This page contains text from Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kashubian_language

This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, which means that you can copy and modify it as long as the entire work (including additions) remains under this license.

Not to be confused with All Is Love.

For other uses, see Love Is All (disambiguation).

Love Is All
Origin	Gothenburg
Genres	Indie pop
Years active	2003–present
Labels	What's Your Rupture? Polyvinyl Record Co.
Members
Nicholaus Sparding Josephine Olausson James Ausfahrt Markus Görsch Johan Lindwall

Love Is All is a five-piece indie pop band from Gothenburg, Sweden. It releases songs in English. Paste Magazine has stated that it makes "infectiously lo-fi punk rock laced with saxophone and melodic vocals".^[1]

1 Biography
2 Discography
3 References
4 External links

Biography [link]

Swedish band Love Is All are composed of Josephine Olausson (vocals, keyboard), Johan Lindwall (bass), Markus Görsch (drums), James Ausfahrt (saxophone), and Nicholaus Sparding (guitar/vocals). Olausson, Sparding, and Görsch had previously been members of Girlfriendo. The trio promptly regrouped after that band's demise and added Lindwall, who had recorded in a side project with Olausson and Sparding called Cat Skills. They finally added the missing piece with saxophone player Fredrik Eriksson. While earning many rave reviews from the blogging community for their blend of art punk and indie rock, the band released several singles, one of which made single of the week in NME. The singles were collected on the debut LP Nine Times That Same Song, released by New York-based What's Your Rupture? in late 2005. After much touring through 2006 and 2007, Eriksson left the band and Love Is All continued on as a quartet. A Hundred Things Keep Me Up at Night and the remix album Love Is All Mixed Up arrived in 2008, along with Eriksson's replacement Åke Strömer (saxophone, keyboards). They are currently signed to Polyvinyl Record Co..

Discography [link]

Albums [link]

Nine Times That Same Song (What's Your Rupture?) (2005)
A Hundred Things Keep Me Up at Night (What's Your Rupture?) (2008)
Two Thousand and Ten Injuries (Polyvinyl Record Co.) (2010)

Remix Albums [link]

Love Is All...Mixed Up (What's Your Rupture?) (2008)

Singles and EPs [link]

"Spinning And Scratching / Make Out, Fall Out, Make Up / Ageing Hard / Never Been His Friend" 7" EP (2003)
"Lost Thrills" (Dolores Recordings)
"Felt Tip" (Smashing Time)
"Make Out, Fall Out, Make Up" (2006) (What's Your Rupture?) #133 UK
"Busy Doing Nothing" (2006) (What's Your Rupture?) #103 UK
"Used Goods" (What's Your Rupture?)
"Ageing Had Never Been His Friend / Nothing To Be Done" (2007) (What's Your Rupture?)
"Love is All Play 5 Covers" (2008) (self-released)
"Wishing Well & Covers" (2008) (Emusic)
"Last Choice" (EP) (2009) (What's Your Rupture?)

References [link]

^ http://www.pastemagazine.com/articles/2007/02/band-of-the-week-love-is-all.html

External links [link]

Love is All on MySpace
Punkcast#886 video of first USA show - Rockies, Brooklyn - Nov 15, 2005 (RealPlayer) (mp4)
Subculture Magazine review of Nine Times That Same Song
Subculture Magazine Interview / August 2006
Adequacy.net's review of Two Thousand And Ten Injuries
Pitchforkmedia.com's review of Nine Times That Same Song
Pitchfork interview
Official Website
Live Photos from London gig
Live Audio Melbourne, Australia February 2007
Revista O Grito! Interview
Love Is All at The Indie Music Database
Love is All at exclaim
Love is All interview
Love is All at Polyvinyl Record Co.

v t e Love Is All

James Ausfahrt Markus Görsch Johan Lindwall Josephine Olausson Nicholaus Sparding

Studio albums	Nine Times That Same Song A Hundred Things Keep Me Up at Night Two Thousand and Ten Injuries

EPs	Felt Tip Love is All Play 5 Covers Last Choice

Singles	"Lost Thrills" "Make Out, Fall Out, Make Up" "Busy Doing Nothing" "Used Goods" "Ageing Had Never Been His Friend”/”Nothing To Be Done" "Wishing Well & Covers"

http://wn.com/Love_Is_All

http://nl.wn.com/Love is All

This page contains text from Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Love_Is_All

This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, which means that you can copy and modify it as long as the entire work (including additions) remains under this license.

Playlist

Film Summary

Make changes yourself !

Contents

Gallery [link]

See also [link]

Notes [link]

References [link]

External links [link]

http://wn.com/Kashubian_language

Related pages:

http://it.wn.com/Lingua casciuba

http://cs.wn.com/Kašubština

http://es.wn.com/Idioma casubio

http://ru.wn.com/Кашубский язык

http://nl.wn.com/Kasjoebisch

http://id.wn.com/Bahasa Kasubia

http://pl.wn.com/Język kaszubski

http://fr.wn.com/Cachoube

http://de.wn.com/Kaschubische Sprache

http://pt.wn.com/Língua cassúbia

Contents

Biography [link]

Discography [link]

Albums [link]

Remix Albums [link]

Singles and EPs [link]

References [link]

External links [link]

http://wn.com/Love_Is_All

Related pages:

http://nl.wn.com/Love is All