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Doug E. Fresh
Doug E. Fresh at the 5th Annual Hip-Hop Summit Action Network's Action Awards in New York in February 2008.
Background information
Birth name	Douglas E. Davis
Born	(1966-09-17) September 17, 1966 (age 45) Christ Church, Barbados[1]
Origin	New York
Genres	Hip hop
Occupations	Beatboxer, rapper, record producer
Years active	1983–present
Labels	Enjoy Records Danya/Reality/Fantasy Records Bust it/Capitol/EMI Records Gee Street/Island/PolyGram Records
Associated acts	Slick Rick, Vicious

Douglas E. Davis (born September 17, 1966), better known by the stage name Doug E. Fresh, is an American rapper, record producer, and beat boxer, also known as the Human Beat Box. One of the earliest pioneers of beatboxing, Fresh is able to accurately imitate drum machines and various special effects using only his mouth, lips, gums, throat, and a microphone.

Music career[link]

Although he began his recording career as a solo artist as one of the last artists on Enjoy Records and one of the first on Vintertainment Records (the same New York-based label owned by Vincent Davis that would later make a name of Hip-Hop artist Joeski Love and bring R&B icon Keith Sweat to ultimate fame), it was when he and a new team of DJs known as the Get Fresh Crew (Barry Bee and Chill Will) along with a newcomer named MC Ricky D (who would later achieve fame as Slick Rick) came to fledgling New Jersey-based Hip-Hop label Danya/Reality Records the following year and recorded "The Show" (which borrowed the melody of the Inspector Gadget theme by Shuki Levy),^[2] and "La Di Da Di", a tune that was completely voiced by MC Ricky D and backed by Doug E's beat boxing for the entire duration of the song. It was when both of these songs were released on a single (particularly 12" single) that broke him (and Slick Rick) into stardom. Both "The Show" and "La-Di-Da-Di" are considered two of the all-time greatest early hip hop classics and, as such, make up one of the first and only Hip-Hop singles to have two hit songs on the same record.

"The Show" peaked at #7 in the UK Singles Chart in December 1985.^[3]

Unfortunately, Slick Rick would leave the group almost a year after the single was released leaving many wondering what happened to him until 1988 when he became a Def Jam artist and released his debut album, The Great Adventures of Slick Rick. Doug E. Fresh and the Get Fresh Crew soldiered on, now officially signed to Danya/Reality/Fantasy and releasing two albums from that period -- Oh, My God! from 1986 (which includes the hit song "All The Way To Heaven") and The World's Greatest Entertainer from 1988—both of which are now long out of print and extremely rare. The main single from the album The World's Greatest Entertainer was "Keep Risin' To The Top" which was named after Keni Burke's then-obscure 1981 hit "Keep Rising To The Top", which, thanks to being sampled in Doug E. Fresh's song, has become Keni's signature tune. Doug E.'s "Keep Risin' To The Top" also samples the main chorus phrase of Heatwave's 1976 classic "Ain't No Half Steppin'," which Big Daddy Kane also sampled that same year for his song of the same name.

In 1992, after a four-year hiatus, Doug E. Fresh joined with MC Hammer's label, Bust It Records and issued one album, Doin' What I Gotta Do, which (despite some minor acclaim for his single "Bustin' Out (On Funk)" which sampled the Rick James 1979 single "Bustin' Out") was a commercial failure.

In 1993, Doug E. Fresh found a new home at Island Records-affiliated label Gee Street. At the time, he managed only to release one single that contained three songs—"I-ight (Alright)," which was the main song; "Bounce"; and "Freaks". Although "I-ight" (which originated the now-famous club chant "Heyyyyyy, YO!... I-iiiiight?") was slated to become the first major hit for Doug in 5 years, it was almost immediately overshadowed by "Freaks", a Dancehall tune beat-boxed entirely by Doug E. and vocalized mainly by his protege, a Brooklyn-born Jamaican teenage newcomer named Vicious. The song received major radio and club play, followed by video play when the video was finally produced a few months into 1994. The latter would soon ink a deal with Sony Music's Epic Records for three years, although he would only release one album, Destination Brooklyn.

In 1995, Slick Rick and Fresh reunited for a track on an album titled Play, which found Fresh back on his feet. The album received positive reviews; Bret Love wrote, "A welcome flashback to the days when guns, drugs, sex, and violence were not the genre's primary lyrical focus."^[4]

On May 23, 2007, Fresh performed variations upon "The Show" with finalist Blake Lewis on the season-six finale of American Idol, the first ever hip-hop performance on the show.^[5]

2010 saw Fresh make a small comeback in popular culture as rap group Cali Swag District brought back some of his trademark dance moves with their song "Teach Me How to Dougie." Members of Cali Swag District saw Texas college students doing a local dance created in Dallas called the D-Town Boogie. They recognized it as a modified version of Fresh's dance moves and decided to create a song that would feature the dance, but also give Fresh his due credit.

On June 27, 2010, Fresh came out and performed with Cali Swag District while they were performing their song Teach Me How to Dougie at the BET Awards Pre-show.

Fresh performing in Williamsburg, Brooklyn on August 29, 2010.

On Nov. 8, 2010 Doug E. Fresh appeared at the Soul Train Awards where he taught CNN anchor Wolf Blitzer how to Dougie on stage as part of the show.

On Dec. 10, 2010 Fresh appeared on ESPN First Take to speak about the phenomenon of the Dougie as a sports celebration. As part of the show he, Lomas Brown, and Skip Bayless voted on the best sports related Dougie's. The Dougie performed by Bayless himself on ESPN First Take was voted by Fresh as the best, although he rated Wolf Blitzer's Dougie at the Soul Train Awards the best but it had no sports association.

Personal life[link]

Fresh is a member of the Church of Scientology. He has performed for large audiences of its adherents at the Scientology Celebrity Center's Anniversary Gala in 2004.^[6] He also performed two tracks on the Scientology music album The Joy of Creating (other artists appearing include Isaac Hayes, Chick Corea, Edgar Winter, and Carl Anderson).^[7]

Fresh is the spokesperson for the Hip Hop Public Health Education Center at Harlem Hospital Center,^[8] in New York City.^[9]

Fresh opened a restaurant in New York City called Doug E.'s Chicken and Waffles. He also has stated he has a club called Fresh.^[10] He also performed at the Paradise Theater on August 12, 2010. The concert was titled The Show, brought to you by David L David (Spinback Entertainment).

Doug, who is the father of five, manages his sons Trip's and Slims’ hip hop group Square Off. Doug E.’s brother-in-law Gleamz is also a member of the same group.

Discography[link]

Albums[link]

• Oh, My God! (1986, Reality/Danya/Fantasy) (with the Get Fresh Crew)
• The World's Greatest Entertainer (1988, Reality/Danya/Fantasy) (with the Get Fresh Crew)
• Doin' What I Gotta Do (1992, Bust It/Capitol/EMI) (with the New Get Fresh Crew)
• Play (1995, Gee Street/Island/PolyGram)

Singles[link]

• "Just Having Fun (Do the Beatbox)" [1984, Enjoy]
• "The Original Human Beatbox" [1984, Vintertainment] (credited as Dougy Fresh)
• "The Show" (with the Get Fresh Crew & M.C. Ricky D)/"La Di Da Di" (with M.C. Ricky D) [1985, Reality/Danya/Fantasy] - Platinum
• "All The Way To Heaven" (with The Get Fresh Crew) [1986, Reality/Danya/Fantasy]
• "Lovin' Every Minute Of It (Cyclone Ride)" [1986, Reality/Danya/Fantasy]
• "Keep Risin' To The Top"/"Guess Who?" (with The Get Fresh Crew) [1988, Reality/Danya/Fantasy]
• "Spirit" (1989, MCA) (with the Get Fresh Crew)
• "Summertime" [1989, Reality/Fantasy] (with the Get Fresh Crew)
• "Bustin' Out" [1992, Bust It/Capitol/EMI] (with the New Get Fresh Crew)
• "I-ight (Alright)" / "Freaks" (featuring Lil' Vicious) (1993, Gee Street Independent/4th & B'way/Island)
• "Superstition" [1997, Hollywood] (with the Get Fresh Crew)
• "We Not Giving Up" (2005, The Xtatik Experience) (featuring Doug E Fresh and Machel Montano)
• "You"ll Never Know (2005, E-Z Rollers) (featuring Doug E. Fresh & Sharon Brown)
• "Rhyme & Punishment (2005, E-Z Rollers) (featuring Doug E. Fresh) [Distorted Minds Remix]
• "Rhyme & Punishment (2005, E-Z Rollers) (featuring Doug E. Fresh)
• "Virgo" (2005) (with Ludacris and Nas)
• "Left-Right" (2007, Entertaining Music) (featuring Square Off)

References[link]

External links[link]

Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Doug E. Fresh

• Official website
• Doug E. Fresh at Allmusic
• Doug E. Fresh at the Internet Movie Database

Slick Rick
Slick Rick performing at the 2009 Fresh Fest concert in Los Angeles, California
Background information
Birth name	Richard Walters
Born	(1965-01-14) 14 January 1965 (age 47) London, England
Origin	The Bronx, New York City
Genres	Hip hop
Occupations	Rapper, record producer
Years active	1982–present
Labels	Def Jam, Columbia, CBS Records, PolyGram, Universal
Associated acts	Doug E. Fresh, Nas, Prince Paul, Dana Dane

Richard Walters (born January 14, 1965), better known by his stage name Slick Rick, is a Grammy-nominated British American rapper. He has also been known as MC Ricky D and Rick the Ruler. He began his career in late 1983, in the hip hop genre, where he recorded a series of acclaimed recordings such as "La Di Da Di" and "Children's Story". Walters is best known for his storytelling innovations in this genre. His music has been frequently sampled and interpolated by other artists such as TLC, Black Star, The Notorious B.I.G. and Snoop Dogg, with many of these songs later becoming hit singles. Slick Rick rose to stardom in an era known to fans as the Golden age of hip hop.

Career[link]

Born and brought up in the south-west London suburb of Wimbledon, Walters later moved with his British Jamaican family to The Bronx in 1977 where he met Dana Dane with whom he later formed a hip hop duo known as the Kangol Crew. Walters received his characteristic eye patch after being blinded in the right eye by broken glass as an infant.^[1] Once he gained a degree of wealth, Walters earned a reputation for wearing the eye patch over his right eye, and a significant amount of gold and diamond jewelry.

He first gained success in the rap industry by joining Doug E. Fresh's Get Fresh Crew, using the stage name MC Ricky D. He was featured on the single "The Show" and its popular B-side "La Di Da Di". "La Di Da Di" featured Walters' rapping over Doug E. Fresh's beatbox. Both tracks gained some mainstream attention. In 1988 Walters' solo debut The Great Adventures of Slick Rick came out on Def Jam Records. The album was very successful, reaching the #1 spot on Billboard's R&B/Hip-Hop chart. It also featured three charting singles: "Children's Story", "Hey Young World", and "Teenage Love". These are now some of Walters' best known songs.

In 1990, Walters shot a bystander and his cousin whom he had hired as a bodyguard and who later admitted to having Walters shot outside a club. Walters was indicted on two counts of attempted murder and pled guilty to all charges, which included assault, use of a firearm, and criminal possession of a weapon. He spent five years in prison, two for the second degree attempted murder charges he received for the shooting, and three for his struggle with the Immigration and Naturalization Services over his residency in the US. He was bailed out by Russell Simmons, head of Def Jam Records. After being bailed out Walters recorded his second album, The Ruler's Back. The album got mixed reviews and wasn't as commercially successful as his debut. In the documentary film, The Show, Russell Simmons interviews Walters while he was imprisoned on Rikers Island.^[2]

Walters' third studio album Behind Bars was released while he was still incarcerated. It was met with lukewarm sales and reviews. After being released from prison in 1996, Walters remained with the Def Jam label and on May 25, 1999, released a fourth album entitled The Art of Storytelling. Generally considered the authentic follow up to his 1988 debut, The Art of Storytelling was an artistically successful comeback album that paired him with prolific MCs like Nas, OutKast, Raekwon, and Snoop Dogg among others. On October 6, 2008, Rick was honoured on the VH1 Hip Hop Honors show.

"La Di Da Di", "Mona Lisa" and "Children's Story" are among Walters most well known songs, with "La Di Da Di" being covered nearly word-for-word by Snoop Dogg on his 1993 album Doggystyle. Lines from "La Di Da Di" were borrowed by other multiple high profile artists. "Children's Story" was sampled by Montell Jordan for his 1995 hit, "This Is How We Do It", and rapper Everlast covered the song for his album Eat at Whitey's. Rapper Eminem also borrowed from the song extensively in his diss track "Can-I-Bitch". "Children's Story" was covered with similar lyrics by the MC duo Black Star on their 1998 album Mos Def and Talib Kweli are Black Star, as well as by Tricky on the album Nearly God. It was also paid tribute to by A Tribe Called Quest on their song "8 Million Stories". With a similar backing and very similar lyrics, rapper The Game also made a similar song which was named "Compton Story". "Compton Story" was on the Mixtape BWS Radio 5 made in 2008. The chorus of Notorious B.I.G.'s song "Hypnotize" is also derived from "La Di Da Di". The opening track on Jay Z's Blueprint albumn is also a cover of Slick Rick's "The Rulers Back" and borrows heavily from the original lyrics.

Slick Rick and the Soul Rebels Brass Band are scheduled to collaborate on June 21, 2012 in Washington DC at the historic Howard Theatre which re-opened in April 2012.^[3]

Slick Rick has been referenced in numerous songs:

• The Nicki Minaj song "Super Bass": "...slicker than the guy with the thing on his eye"
• The D12 video from their mixtape, Return of the Dozen Volume 2, where Bizarre raps in the track "Outro": "...patch on my eye, I'm the new Slick Rick".
• In the Keri Hilson song Knock You Down, Kanye West raps: "Hey young world, I'm the new Slick Rick/They say I move too quick..."
• In the Amy Winehouse song "Me and Mr Jones", Winehouse sings: "You made me miss the Slick Rick gig..."
• In the R.A. the Rugged Man song "Supa", R.A. raps: "...specifically wordplay Slick Ricky I'm slicker than Slick Ricky"
• In the Junior M.A.F.I.A. song "Player's Anthem" B.I.G. raps: "This type of s*** happens everyday!"
• In the Kanye West song "Touch the Sky" Kanye West raps: "Back when Slick Rick got the shit to pop, "
• In the MC Ren song "Same Old Shit" sampled Slick Rick: "This type of shit happens everyday!"
• In the CunninLynguists song "Old School" Deacon the Villain raps: "Before [...] Slick Rick had his rings"
• The Insane Clown Posse song "Fearless" features the lyrics: "...I'll sneak up to Slick Rick, and snatch off his eyepatch..."
• The Gorillaz, Andre 3000, & James Murphy song "DoYaThing" where Andre repeats: "...Is you really Slick Rick? No, you Dana Dane."

Rapping style[link]

Slick Rick’s style is commended by music critics. Music journalist Peter Shapiro says, “'Children's Story' was important because of its narrative structure and Rick’s understanding of how crucial little sonic details—such as his use of a female voice and his yawning rap—were to hip hop style.”^[4]

He is largely known for his story raps, such as ‘Children’s Story’ and ‘La Di Da Di'. Shapiro writes that he "largely introduced the art of narrative into hip hop… none of the spinners of picaresque rhymes who followed did it with the same grace or humor.”^[5] Allmusic states that he has the “reputation as hip hop's greatest storyteller.”^[6] In the book Check the Technique, Slick Rick says, “I was never the type to say freestyle raps, I usually tell a story, and to do that well I’ve always had to work things out beforehand.”^[7] Kool Moe Dee comments, “Slick Rick raised the lost art of hip hop storytelling to a level never seen again.”^[8] Devin the Dude notes that Slick Rick’s ‘Indian Girl’ is a good example of the type of humor that existed in hip hop’s golden era,^[9] and Peter Shapiro says that “he was funnier than Rudy Ray Moore or Red Foxx.”^[4]

Slick Rick uses very clear enunciation and raps with the “Queen’s English”.^[4] O.C. states: “The Great Adventures of Slick Rick is one of the greatest albums ever… the stuff he was just saying on there, it was so clear… the [clear] syllable dude was Slick Rick for me”.^[10] He is also renowned for his unique “smooth, British-tinged flow”^[7] which contains distinct structures. In the book How to Rap, it is noted that on the song ‘I Own America’, he “puts a rest on almost every other 1 beat so that each set of two lines begins with a rest.”^[11] Kool Moe Dee stated that, “Rick accomplished being totally original at a time when most MCs were using very similar cadences.”^[12] He has what is described as “singsong cadences”;^[6] Andy Cat of Ugly Duckling mentions that Slick Rick uses a melodic delivery on the track ‘Hey Young World’.^[13] Slick Rick is also known to extensively use punch ins, especially in his story rhymes as different characters;^[14] Kool Moe Dee says Rick used “multi-voices to portray multiple characters.”^[8]

Personal life[link]

Rumours suggested that Walters planned to release a new album, "The Adventure Continues," in 2007. However, in a recent XXL Magazine interview, he denied the claim.^[15] Rick is supposedly "waiting for a market to open up for a mature audience."

Legal issues[link]

After performing on a Caribbean cruise ship in June 2001, Walters was arrested by the Immigration and Naturalization Service (INS) as he re-entered the United States through Florida. He was promptly told that he was being deported because he was a British citizen since he had been born in London and moved to the States as a child. Rick was continuously refused bail, but after 17 months in prison he was released on November 7, 2003.^[16][17] In October 2006, the Department of Homeland Security began a new attempt to deport Walters,^[18] moving the case from the United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit based in New York to the more conservative Eleventh Circuit. The court is based in Atlanta, Georgia but the trial was expected to proceed in Florida, where immigration agents originally arrested Walters.

On May 23, 2008, New York Governor David Paterson granted Slick Rick a full and unconditional pardon on the attempted murder charges.^[19] The governor was pleased with his behavior since the mishap. Slick Rick has volunteered his time to mentor kids about violence.^[20]

Discography[link]

Albums[link]

• The Great Adventures of Slick Rick
  • Released: November 3, 1988
  • Billboard 200 chart position: #31
  • R&B/Hip-Hop chart position: #1
  • Last RIAA Certification: Platinum^[21]
  • Singles: "Teenage Love", "Children's Story" & "Hey Young World"

• The Ruler's Back
  • Released: July 2, 1991
  • Billboard 200 chart position: #29
  • R&B/Hip-Hop chart position: #18
  • Last RIAA Certification: None
  • Singles: " A Woman in Love With Other Men", "It's A Boy" & "I Shouldn't Have Done It"

• Behind Bars
  • Released: November 22, 1994
  • Billboard 200 chart position: #51
  • R&B/Hip-Hop chart position: #11
  • Last RIAA Certification: None
  • Singles: "Behind Bars" & "Sittin' In My Car"

• The Art of Storytelling
  • Released: May 25, 1999
  • Billboard 200 chart position: #8
  • R&B/Hip-Hop chart position: #1
  • Last RIAA Certification: Platinum^[21]
  • Singles: "Street Talkin'"

Singles[link]

Featured singles[link]

Appearances[link]

• 1986: "The Show (Oh My God! Remix)" (from the Doug E Fresh album Oh My God!)
• 1989: "If I'm Not Your Lover (12" remix from the Al B. Sure! album In Effect Mode)
• 1991: "Get Bizzy" (from the Greyson & Jaysun album Livin Like a Troopa)
• 1994: "Let's All Get Down" (from the Nice & Smooth album Jewel of the Nile)
• 1994: "Move On..." (from the compilation The Show (Original Soundtrack))
• 1996: I Like (From the Montell Jordan album More)
• 1996: "Got To Give It Up" (from the Aaliyah album One in a Million)
• 1997: "Just Another Case" (from the CRU album Da Dirty 30)
• 1998: "Fresh" (from the Jermaine Dupri album Life In 1472)
• 1998: "Faces Of Def" (bonus track on Jayo Felony's Whatcha Gonna Do)
• 1998: "Unify" (from the Kid Capri album Soundtrack to the Streets)
• 1998: "Pimpin' Ain't Easy" (from WWF Aggression with Ice-T & Charles Wright)
• 1999: "If We Give You A Chance" (from the Warren G album I Want It All)
• 1999: "Your Moms House"
• 1999: "Night Riders" (from the Rahzel album Make The Music 2000)
• 1999: "So Fresh" (from the Will Smith album Willennium)
• 1999: "Don't Come My Way" (from the Whiteboys soundtrack with Common)
• 1999: "Da Art of Storytellin' (Pt. 1)" (from the OutKast album Aquemini)
• 2000: "Why Not" (from the Erick Sermon album Def Squad Presents Erick Onasis)
• 2001: "What We Do (For Love)" (from the De La Soul album AOI: Bionix)
• 2001: "Pie" (from WWF The Music, Vol. 5 with The Rock)
• 2001: "Girls, Girls, Girls" (from the Jay-Z album The Blueprint)
• 2001: "Guidance Counselor"(from the Little-T And One Track Mike album Fome Is Dape)
• 2001: "Hey Young World, Part 2" (from the Macy Gray album The Id)
• 2002: "Women Lose Weight" (from the Morcheeba album Charango)
• 2004: "The Return (Remix)" (from the Jay-Z/R. Kelly album Unfinished Business)
• 2005: Performs live for Vox Entertainment @ Club Strata NYC
• 2005: "The Sun" (from the Ghostface Killah album Put It on the Line)
• 2005: "Irresistible Delicious" (from the Missy Elliott album The Cookbook)
• 2006: "Vows" (from the Juggaknots album Use Your Confusion)
• 2007: "Hip Hop Police" (from the Chamillionaire album Ultimate Victory)
• 2008: "VH1 Hip Hop Honors" (Honoree)
• 2009: "Y.O.U." (from the Asher Roth album Asleep in the Bread Aisle - UK bonus track)
• 2009: "Auditorium" (from the Mos Def album The Ecstatic)
• 2009: "We Will Rob You" (from the Raekwon album Only Built 4 Cuban Linx... Pt. II)
• 2009: "Family Jewels" (from the Dynas album The Apartment)
• 2010: "Rock The Bells 2010" (from album The Great Adventures of Slick Rick)

Filmography[link]

• Backstage appearance on Jay-Z's Fade to Black DVD.
• Cameo in Ludacris's music video for the single, "Number One Spot".
• Cameo, wearing his excessive jewelry in the New York Shit music video (2:56) by Busta Rhymes featuring Swizz Beatz.
• Himself in the game Def Jam: Fight for NY.
• Drug kingpin in the 1999 movie Whiteboyz, co-starring fellow rappers Doug E. Fresh, Dr. Dre, Snoop Dogg, Fat Joe, Dead Prez and Mic Geronimo.
• Cameo in the film Brown Sugar, which starred Taye Diggs and Sanaa Lathan.
• Himself in the seminal Run DMC film Tougher Than Leather, performing the song "Treat Her Like a Prostitute".
• Interviewee in 1995 documentary The Show
• Opened Chris Rock's Apollo Theatre comedy Show Bigger & Blacker
• Featured in the 2011 film Rhyme and Punishment, which documented his time in prison.

References[link]

External links[link]

• Slick Rick on Myspace
• Slick Rick at the Internet Movie Database
• Slick Rick on Facebook

Will Smith
Smith in 2011
Born	Willard Christopher Smith, Jr. (1968-09-25) September 25, 1968 (age 43) Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States
Other names	The Fresh Prince
Occupation	Actor, producer, rapper
Years active	1985–1993, 1997–2005 (rapping), 1990–present (acting)
Spouse	Sheree Zampino (m. 1992–1995) «start: (1992)–end+1: (1996)»"Marriage: Sheree Zampino to Will Smith" Location: (linkback:http://en-wiki.pop.wn.com/index.php/Will_Smith) Jada Pinkett Smith (m. 1997) «start: (1997)»"Marriage: Jada Pinkett Smith to Will Smith" Location: (linkback:http://en-wiki.pop.wn.com/index.php/Will_Smith)
Children	Trey Smith Jaden Smith Willow Smith
Website
www.willsmith.com

Willard Christopher "Will" Smith, Jr. (born September 25, 1968),^[1] also known by his stage name The Fresh Prince, is an American actor, producer, and rapper. He has enjoyed success in television, film and music. In April 2007, Newsweek called him the most powerful actor in Hollywood.^[2] Smith has been nominated for four Golden Globe Awards, two Academy Awards, and has won multiple Grammy Awards.

In the late 1980s, Smith achieved modest fame as a rapper under the name The Fresh Prince. In 1990, his popularity increased dramatically when he starred in the popular television series The Fresh Prince of Bel-Air. The show ran for nearly six years (1990–1996) on NBC and has been syndicated consistently on various networks since then. In the mid-1990s, Smith moved from television to film, and ultimately starred in numerous blockbuster films. He is the only actor to have eight consecutive films gross over $100 million in the domestic box office and the only one to have eight consecutive films in which he starred open at #1 spot in the domestic box office tally.^[3]

Fourteen of the nineteen fiction films he has acted in have accumulated worldwide gross earnings of over $100 million, and four took in over $500 million in global box office receipts. As of 2011, his films have grossed $5.7 billion in global box office.^[4] His most financially successful films have been Bad Boys, Bad Boys II, Independence Day, Men in Black, Men in Black II, I, Robot, I Am Legend, Hancock, Wild Wild West, Enemy of the State, Shark Tale, Hitch and Seven Pounds. He also earned critical praise for his performances in Six Degrees of Separation, Ali and The Pursuit of Happyness, receiving Best Actor Oscar nominations for the latter two.

Family and early life[link]

Born and raised in the Wynnefield section of West Philadelphia, Smith also lived in Germantown in Northwest Philadelphia. His mother, Caroline (née Bright), was a school administrator who worked for the Philadelphia school board, and his father, Willard Christopher Smith, Sr., was a refrigeration engineer.^[5][6] He was raised Baptist.^[7] His parents separated when he was thirteen,^[8] and did not actually divorce until around 2000.^[9]

It is untrue, though widely reported, that Smith turned down a scholarship to attend the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); he never applied to the school,^[10] although he was admitted to a "pre-engineering program" there.^[9] According to Smith, "My mother, who worked for the School Board of Philadelphia, had a friend who was the admissions officer at MIT. I had pretty high SAT scores and they needed black kids, so I probably could have gotten in. But I had no intention of going to college."^[11]

Recording and acting career[link]

Smith at the Emmy Awards in 1993

Early work (1985–1995)[link]

Smith started as the MC of the hip-hop duo DJ Jazzy Jeff & The Fresh Prince, with his childhood friend Jeffrey "DJ Jazzy Jeff" Townes as turntablist and producer,^[12] as well as Ready Rock C (Clarence Holmes) as the human beat box. The trio was known for performing humorous, radio-friendly songs, most notably "Parents Just Don't Understand" and "Summertime".^[12] They gained critical acclaim and won the first Grammy awarded in the Rap category (1988).^[12]

Smith had a line in "Voices That Care", a 1991 Persian Gulf War song by a celebrity group. Smith spent money freely during his early career and underpaid his income taxes.^[12] The Internal Revenue Service eventually assessed a $2.8 million tax debt against Smith, took many of his possessions, and garnished his income.^[13] Smith was nearly bankrupt in 1990, when the NBC television network signed him to a contract and built a sitcom, The Fresh Prince of Bel-Air, around him.^[12]

The show was successful and began his acting career. Smith set for himself the goal of becoming "the biggest movie star in the world," studying box office successes' common characteristics.^[8] His first major roles were in the drama Six Degrees of Separation (1993) and the action film Bad Boys (1995) which he starred opposite of Martin Lawrence.

Breakthrough (1996–2000)[link]

In 1996, Smith starred as part of an ensemble cast in Roland Emmerich's Independence Day. The film was a massive blockbuster, becoming the second highest grossing film in history at the time and establishing Smith as a prime box office draw.^[14] He later struck gold again in the summer of 1997 alongside Tommy Lee Jones in the summer hit Men in Black playing Agent J. In 1998, Smith starred with Gene Hackman in Enemy of the State.^[12]

He turned down the role of Neo in The Matrix in favor of Wild Wild West (1999). Despite the disappointment of Wild Wild West, Smith has said that he harbors no regrets about his decision, asserting that Keanu Reeves's performance as Neo was superior to what Smith himself would have achieved.^[15] Though in interviews subsequent to the release of Wild Wild West he stated that he "made a mistake on Wild Wild West. That could have been better."^[16]

2001–present[link]

Smith in September 2009

In 2005, Smith was entered into the Guinness Book of World Records for attending a record breaking three premieres in a 24-hour time span.^[17]

He has planned to star in a feature film remake of the television series It Takes a Thief.^[18]

On December 10, 2007, Smith was recognized at Grauman's Chinese Theatre on Hollywood Boulevard. Smith left an imprint of his hands and feet outside the world renowned theater in front of many fans.^[19] Later that month, Smith starred in the film I Am Legend, released December 14, 2007. Despite marginally positive reviews,^[20] its opening was the largest ever for a film released in the United States during December. Smith himself has said that he considers the film to be "aggressively unique".^[21] A reviewer said that the film's commercial success "cemented [Smith's] standing as the number one box office draw in Hollywood."^[22] On December 1, 2008, TV Guide reported that Smith has been selected as one of America’s top ten most fascinating people of 2008 for a Barbara Walters ABC special that aired on December 4, 2008.^[23]

Smith is currently developing a film entitled The Last Pharaoh, in which he will star as Taharqa.^[24]

President Barack Obama has stated that if a film were to ever be made about his life, he would have Smith play his part, because "he has the ears". Obama stated that the two have discussed a possibility of a film based on the 2008 election, but this may not happen until the end of the Obama presidency.^[25]

Men in Black III opened on May 25, 2012. In it, Smith will play Agent J for the third time, being one of his more popular earlier roles coincides with the fact that it will be his first major starring role in four years.

On August 19, 2011, it was announced^[26] that Smith had returned to the studio with producer La Mar Edwards to make a new album. Edwards has worked with artists such as T.I., Chris Brown, and Game.

Smith and his son, Jaden, are currently filming After Earth, which is set for a 2013 release.

Personal life[link]

Nobel Peace Prize Concert December 11, 2009, in Oslo, Norway: Smith with wife Jada and children Jaden and Willow

Smith was raised by his parents in West Philadelphia. Smith credits his father's dedication when discussing his involvement in the lives of his own children: "I look at my father and how he was able to keep four kids fed and clothed and still managed to find time to spend with us."^[27] Smith married Sheree Zampino in 1992. They had a son, Willard Christopher Smith III, also known as "Trey", but divorced in 1995. Trey appeared in his father's music video for the 1998 single "Just the Two of Us".

Smith married actress Jada Pinkett in 1997. Together they have had two children: Jaden Christopher Syre (born 1998), his co-star in The Pursuit of Happyness, and Willow Camille Reign (born 2000), who appeared as his daughter in I Am Legend. Along with his brother, Harry Smith, he owns Treyball Development Inc.,^[28] a Beverly Hills-based company named after his first son. Smith and his family reside on Star Island in Miami Beach, Florida and in Los Angeles, Stockholm, Sweden^[29] and Philadelphia.

Smith was consistently listed in Fortune Magazine's "Richest 40" list of the forty wealthiest Americans under the age of 40. He donated $4,600 to the presidential campaign of Democrat Barack Obama.^[30] On December 11, 2009, Smith and his wife hosted the Nobel Peace Prize Concert in Oslo, Norway, when Obama had won the prize.^[31]

Smith has said he has studied multiple religions, including Scientology, and he has said many complimentary things about Scientology and other faiths. Despite his praise of Scientology, Smith said "I just think a lot of the ideas in Scientology are brilliant and revolutionary and non-religious"^[32][33] and "Ninety-eight percent of the principles in Scientology are identical to the principles of the Bible.... I don't think that because the word someone uses for spirit is 'thetan' that the definition becomes any different."^[34] He has denied having joined the Church of Scientology, saying "I am a Christian. I am a student of all religions, and I respect all people and all paths."^[35]

Smith gave $1.3 million to charities in 2007, of which $450,000 went to two Christian ministries, and $122,500 went to three Scientology organizations; the remaining beneficiaries included "a Los Angeles mosque, other Christian-based schools and churches, and [...] the Yitzhak Rabin Memorial Center in Israel".^[36] Smith and his wife have also founded a private elementary school in Calabasas, California, the New Village Leadership Academy, which uses Study Technology, a teaching methodology developed by L. Ron Hubbard, the founder of Scientology.^[37] Federal tax filing showed that Will Smith donated $1.2 million to the school in 2010.^[38]

In 2012 he expressed support for the legalizing of same-sex marriage, in an endorsement of president Barack Obama's declaration to adopt this stance on the issue.^[39]

Discography[link]

With DJ Jazzy Jeff[link]

• Rock the House (1987)
• He's the DJ, I'm the Rapper (1988)
• And in This Corner... (1989)
• Homebase (1991)
• Code Red (1993)

Solo[link]

• Big Willie Style (1997)
• Willennium (1999)
• Born to Reign (2002)
• Lost and Found (2005)

Filmography[link]

Television[link]

Film[link]

Box office grosses[link]

References[link]

Further reading[link]

• Iannucci, Lisa (2009). Will Smith: A Biography. Greenwood. ISBN 0-313-37610-7. 

External links[link]

Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Will Smith

Wikiquote has a collection of quotations related to: Will Smith

• Official website
• Will Smith at the Internet Movie Database
• Will Smith at Yahoo! Movies
• Will Smith on Charlie Rose in 2002
• Will Smith at People.com
• Will Smith discography at MusicBrainz