- published: 02 Nov 2011
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- author: TravelChannelVOD
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Adélie Land
Adélie Land is a claimed territory in the continent of Antarctica. It stretches from a coastline area along the Great Southern Ocean back to the South Pole. The territory is claimed by France as one of five districts of the French Southern and Antarctic Lands, although not all nations have given it diplomatic recognition.
Adélie Land lies between 136° E (near Pourquoi Pas Point at 66°12′S 136°11′E / 66.2°S 136.183°E / -66.2; 136.183) and 142° E (near Point Alden at 66°48′S 142°02′E / 66.8°S 142.033°E / -66.8; 142.033), with a shore length of 350 kilometres (220 mi) and with its hinterland extending as a sector about 2,600 kilometres (1,600 mi) toward the South Pole. It borders on the Australian Antarctic Territory both West and East, namely on Clarie Land (part of Wilkes Land) in the West, and George V Land in the East. The total land area, mostly ice covered, is estimated at 432,000 square kilometres (167,000 sq mi).
The coast was discovered in 1840 by French explorer Jules Dumont d'Urville (1790–1842) who named it after his wife, Adélie.
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Alaska
Alaska (
i/əˈlæskə/) is the largest state in the United States by area. It is situated in the northwest extremity of the North American continent, with Canada to the east, the Arctic Ocean to the north, and the Pacific Ocean to the west and south, with Russia further west across the Bering Strait. Alaska is the 4th least populous and the least densely populated of the 50 United States. Approximately half of Alaska's 722,718 residents live within the Anchorage metropolitan area.
Alaska was purchased from Russia on March 30, 1867, for $7.2 million ($120 million in today's[when?] dollars) at approximately two cents per acre ($4.74/km²). The land went through several administrative changes before becoming an organized (or incorporated) territory on May 11, 1912, and the 49th state of the U.S. on January 3, 1959.
The name "Alaska" (Аляска) was already introduced in the Russian colonial period, when it was used only for the peninsula and is derived from the Aleut alaxsxaq, meaning "the mainland" or, more literally, "the object towards which the action of the sea is directed". It is also known as Alyeska, the "great land", an Aleut word derived from the same root.
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Anguilla
Anguilla (
/æŋˈɡwɪlə/ ang-GWIL-ə) is a British overseas territory in the Caribbean. It is one of the most northerly of the Leeward Islands in the Lesser Antilles, lying east of Puerto Rico and the Virgin Islands and directly north of Saint Martin. The territory consists of the main island of Anguilla itself, approximately 26 km (16 mi) long by 5 km (3.1 mi) wide at its widest point, together with a number of much smaller islands and cays with no permanent population. The island's capital is The Valley. The total land area of the territory is 91 km2 (35 sq mi), with a population of approximately 13,500 (2006 estimate).
Anguilla has become a popular tax haven, having no capital gains, estate, profit or other forms of direct taxation on either individuals or corporations.
Anguilla was first settled by Amerindian tribes who migrated from South America. The earliest Amerindian artifacts found on Anguilla have been dated to around 1300 BC, and remains of settlements date from 600 AD. The date of European discovery is uncertain: some sources claim that Columbus sighted the island in 1493, while others state that the island was first discovered by the French in 1564 or 1565. The name Anguilla derives from the word for "eel" in any of various Romance languages (modern Spanish: anguila; French: anguille; Italian: anguilla; Portuguese: enguia), probably chosen because of the island's eel-like shape.
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Balasore
Balasore (Oriya: ବାଲେଶ୍ଵର) (also known as Baleshwar) is a strategically located city in the state of Orissa, about 194 kilometres (121 mi) north of the state capital Bhubaneswar, in eastern India. It is the administrative headquarters of Balasore district. It is best known for Chandipur beach. It is also the site of the Indian Ballistic Missile Defense Program's Integrated Test Range, located 18 km. south of Balasore. The Defence Research and Development Organisation developed many different missiles such as Nag, Brahmos, Agni missile among others here. The lingua franca is Oriya.
The English settlement of Balasore, formed in 1642, was an early trading port for British, French and Dutch ships in the early age of Enlightenment and became a colonial part of first Danish India, later British India.
In 1763 Balasore became a Danish possession, governed from Tranquebar, as part of Danish India. Due to the shallowness of its bay, the trading post was abandoned, leaving behind only a small settlement in the area. On 7 November 1845, all Danish India was sold to the British, who made it part of British India. Since the beginning of the 20th century Balasore, as a strategic point, interested revolutionaries[citation needed].
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Bermuda
Bermuda ( /bɜrˈmjuːdə/), officially the Bermudas or Somers Islands, is a British overseas territory in the North Atlantic Ocean. Located off the east coast of the United States, its nearest landmass is Cape Hatteras, North Carolina, about 1,030 kilometres (640 mi) to the west-northwest. It is about 1,373 kilometres (853 mi) south of Halifax, Nova Scotia and 1,770 kilometres (1,100 mi) northeast of Miami, Florida, USA. Its capital city is Hamilton.
Bermuda was discovered in 1505 by Spanish sea captain Juan de Bermúdez, after whom the islands are named. Apparently uninhabited, he claimed them for the Spanish Empire. Although he paid two visits to the archipelago, Bermúdez was persuaded never to set foot on any of the islands by the dangerous reef surrounding them. Subsequent Spanish or other visitors are believed to have released the feral pigs that were abundant on the island when settlement began. In 1609, the Virginia Company, which had established Virginia and Jamestown on the American continent two years earlier, established a settlement on behalf of the English colonial empire. Initially, it was administered as an extension of Virginia by the Company until 1614, before its successor, the Somers Isles Company, took over until 1684. Bermuda then became a British colony following the 1707 unification of the Kingdom of England with the Kingdom of Scotland to create the unified Kingdom of Great Britain. After Newfoundland became part of Canada in 1949, Bermuda became the oldest (and, since the return of Hong Kong to China in 1997, the most populous) remaining British overseas territory. Its first capital, St George's, was established in 1612 and is the oldest continuously-inhabited English town in the Americas.
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Borðoy
Borðoy (Danish: Bordø) is an island in the north-east of the Faroe Islands. There are eight settlements: Klaksvík (the second largest town in the Faroes), Norðoyri, Ánir, Árnafjørður, Strond, Norðtoftir, Depil and Norðdepil.
There are also three abandoned settlements: Skálatoftir, Múli and Fossá, all in the north. Múli was one of the remotest settlements in the Faroes - there was no road link until 1989, before which goods had to be brought in via helicopter or boat. The last people left in 1994. A Klaksvík museum bought the Fossá area in 1969 with the plan of turning it into a typical Faroese Medieval village, though the plan never came to fruition.
The northern and south-eastern headlands of the island have been identified as an Important Bird Area by BirdLife International because of their significance as a breeding site for seabirds, especially European Storm Petrels (250 pairs) and Black Guillemots (200 pairs).
The island has the following five mountains
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British Museum
Coordinates: 51°31′10″N 0°07′37″W / 51.519459°N 0.126931°W / 51.519459; -0.126931
The British Museum, in London, is widely considered to be one of the world's greatest museums of human history and culture. Its permanent collection, numbering some eight million works, is amongst the finest, most comprehensive, and largest in existence and originates from all continents, illustrating and documenting the story of human culture from its beginnings to the present.
The British Museum was established in 1753, largely based on the collections of the physician and scientist Sir Hans Sloane. The museum first opened to the public on 15 January 1759 in Montagu House in Bloomsbury, on the site of the current museum building. Its expansion over the following two and a half centuries was largely a result of an expanding British colonial footprint and has resulted in the creation of several branch institutions, the first being the British Museum (Natural History) in South Kensington in 1887. Some objects in the collection, most notably the Elgin Marbles from the Parthenon, are the objects of intense controversy and of calls for restitution to their countries of origin.
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Burger King
Burger King, often abbreviated as BK, is a global chain of hamburger fast food restaurants headquartered in unincorporated Miami-Dade County, Florida, United States. The company began in 1953 as Insta-Burger King, a Jacksonville, Florida-based restaurant chain. After Insta-Burger King ran into financial difficulties in 1955, its two Miami-based franchisees, David Edgerton and James McLamore, purchased the company and renamed it Burger King. Over the next half century the company would change hands four times, with its third set of owners, a partnership of TPG Capital, Bain Capital, and Goldman Sachs Capital Partners, taking it public in 2002. In late 2010 3G Capital of Brazil acquired a majority stake in BK in a deal valued at $3.26 billion (USD). The new owners promptly initiated a restructuring of the company to reverse its fortunes.
At the end of fiscal year 2011, Burger King reported it had more than 12,400 outlets in 73 countries; of these, 66 percent are in the United States and 90 percent are privately owned and operated. BK has historically used several variations of franchising to expand its operations. The manner in which the company licenses its franchisees varies depending on the region, with some regional franchises, known as master franchises, responsible for selling franchise sub-licenses on the company's behalf. Burger King's relationship with its franchises has not always been harmonious. Occasional spats between the two have caused numerous issues, and in several instances the company's and its licensees' relations have degenerated into precedent-setting court cases.
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Cayman Islands
The Cayman Islands ( /ˈkeɪmən/ or /keɪˈmæn/) is a British Overseas Territory located in the western Caribbean Sea. The territory comprises the three islands of Grand Cayman, Cayman Brac, and Little Cayman, located south of Cuba and northwest of Jamaica. The Cayman Islands are considered to be part of the geographic Western Caribbean Zone as well as the Greater Antilles. The territory is a major world offshore financial centre.
The Cayman Islands were first logged as sighted by Christopher Columbus on 10 May 1503 during his fourth and final voyage to the New World. He named the islands Las Tortugas after the large number of sea turtles observed there. The first recorded English visitor to the islands was Sir Francis Drake in 1586. He subsequently named the islands "Cayman" after caiman, a Neo-Taino word for "alligator".
The Cayman Islands remained largely uninhabited until the 17th century. While there is no archaeological evidence for an indigenous people on the islands, a variety of settlers from various backgrounds made their home on the islands, including pirates, refugees from the Spanish Inquisition, shipwrecked sailors, and deserters from Oliver Cromwell's army in Jamaica.
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Connemara
Connemara (Irish: Conamara) is a district in the west of Ireland of which the boundaries are not well defined. Some[who?] define it to be the land contained by Killary Harbour, the Maam Valley, Lough Corrib (as far as Moycullen); a line from there to the sea at Barna, and the Atlantic ocean. Others[who?] draw the eastern boundary line from Killary Harbour to Kilkieran Bay in the west of County Galway.
The term Connemara is frequently used to describe all of County Galway west of Lough Corrib; some[who?] argue that this is incorrect. It is also used to describe the Gaeltacht (Irish-speaking areas) of western County Galway; again some[who?] argue that this too is inaccurate as some of these areas are outside of the traditional boundary of Connemara.[citation needed] Some[who?] also argue that it is not correct to say that Connemara's eastern boundary ends around Barna just on the outskirts of Galway City or at Maam Cross.[citation needed]
"Connemara" derives from the tribal name Conmacne Mara, which designated a branch of the Conmacne, an early tribal grouping that had a number of branches located in different parts of Connacht. Since this particular branch of the Conmacne lived by the sea, they became known as the Conmacne Mara. (Sea in Irish is muir, genitive mara, hence "of the sea".) The area in the east of what is now Connemara was called Delbhna Tír Dhá Locha.
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Crown Dependencies
The Crown Dependencies are self-governing possessions of the British Crown, as opposed to overseas territories of the United Kingdom. They comprise the Channel Island Bailiwicks of Jersey and Guernsey in the English Channel, and the Isle of Man in the Irish Sea.
Being independently administered jurisdictions, none forms part of the United Kingdom nor of the European Union.
"The Crown" is defined differently in each Crown Dependency. In Jersey, statements in the 21st century of the constitutional position by the Law Officers of the Crown define it as the "Crown in right of Jersey", with all Crown land in the Bailiwick of Jersey belonging to the Crown in right of Jersey and not to the Crown Estate of the United Kingdom. Legislation of the Isle of Man defines the "Crown in right of the Isle of Man" as being separate from the "Crown in right of the United Kingdom". In Guernsey, legislation refers to the "Crown in right of the Bailiwick", and the Law Officers of the Crown of Guernsey submitted that "The Crown in this context ordinarily means the Crown in right of the république of the Bailiwick of Guernsey" and that this comprises "the collective governmental and civic institutions, established by and under the authority of the Monarch, for the governance of these Islands, including the States of Guernsey and legislatures in the other Islands, the Royal Court and other courts, the Lieutenant Governor, Parish authorities, and the Crown acting in and through the Privy Council." This constitutional concept is also worded as the "Crown in right of the Bailiwick of Guernsey".
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Crozet Islands
The Crozet Islands (French: Îles Crozet; or, officially, Archipel Crozet) are a sub-antarctic archipelago of small islands in the southern Indian Ocean. They form one of the five administrative districts of the French Southern and Antarctic Lands.
Not including minor islets or rock reefs etc., the Crozet group consists of six islands. From east to west:
(1)group of two major islands (Grand Île - Big Island, and Petite Île - Little Island) and about 20 pinnacle rocks.
The Eastern and Western Groups are 94.5 kilometres (58.7 mi) apart (from Île des Pingouins to Île de la Possession)
The Crozet Islands are uninhabited, except for the research station Alfred Faure (Port Alfred) on the East side of Île de la Possession, which has been continuously manned since 1963. Previous scientific stations included La Grande Manchotière and La Petite Manchotière.
Analysis of magnetic anomalies on the sea floor indicates that the Crozet Plateau formed some 50 million years ago. The islands are of volcanic origin, and basalt. Rock samples indicate volcanic origins going back to at least 8.8 million years.
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Danish Realm
The Danish Realm (Danish: danske rige) or Commonwealth of the Realm (Danish: Rigsfælleskab(et)) is a semi-official term for the relations between metropolitan Denmark and its two self-governing insular regions, the Faroe Islands and Greenland, which collectively make up the Kingdom of Denmark, a unitary state.
Within the Kingdom of Denmark, the Faroe Islands and Greenland enjoy far-reaching home rule, introduced in 1948 and 1979 respectively. The arrangement is sometimes described as constituent countries. Greenland's powers of self-government were increased in 2009 through the Greenland Self-Rule Act, which established the Greenlanders as a separate national people under international law, while the Faroe Islands have gradually taken control of more and more areas according to their Home Rule Act. The Constitution of Denmark of 1953 is that of a unitary state and applies to all three regions, and the home rule and self-rule agreements are not enshrined in the constitution. Both the Faroe Islands and Greenland manage most of their own internal affairs. They may also conclude international agreements on behalf of the Danish realm if they concern only their own part of the realm.
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Danish West Indies
The Danish West Indies (Danish: Dansk Vestindien or De dansk-vestindiske øer) or Danish Antilles were a Danish colony in the Caribbean, first under the united kingdoms of Denmark-Norway and later, after the 1814 Treaty of Kiel, Denmark alone. The islands were sold to the United States in 1916 under the terms of the Treaty of the Danish West Indies and were organized as the United States Virgin Islands in 1917. The Danish geographical name for the constituent islands is Jomfruøerne (lit. "Virgin Islands").
The Danish West Indies covered a total area of 185 square miles (480 km2) and in the 1850s consisted of three islands: Sankt Thomas with 43 square miles (110 km2); Sankt Jan with 42 square miles (110 km2); and Sankt Croix of 100 square miles (260 km2).
Dutch merchants in Copenhagen petitioned King Christian IV for permission to establish a West Indian trading company in 1622 but, by the time an eight-year monopoly on trade with the West Indies, Virginia, Brazil, and Guinea was granted on 25 January 1625, the failure of the Danish East India and Iceland Companies and the beginning of Danish involvement in the Thirty Years' War dried up any interested capital. Prince Frederick organized a trading mission to Barbados in 1647 under Gabriel Gomez and the de Casseres brothers, but it and a 1651 expedition of two ships were unsuccessful. It was not until Erik Smit's private 1652 expedition aboard the Fortuna proved successful that interest in the West Indies' trade grew into consideration of a new Danish colony.
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Denmark
The Kingdom of Denmark (Danish: Kongeriget Danmark, pronounced [ˈkɔŋəʁiːəð ˈdanmɑɡ̊] (
listen)) is a constitutional monarchy and sovereign state consisting the country of Denmark in northern Europe and two autonomous constituent countries, the Faroe Islands in the North Atlantic and Greenland in North America. The kingdom is a unitary state with some power being devolved from Denmark proper to Greenland and the Faroe Islands; this polity is referred to as the Danish Realm. Denmark proper is the hegemonial area, where judicial, executive, and legislative power resides. The Faroe Islands are defined to be a community of people within the kingdom, and the Greenlandic people are defined as a separate people with the right to self-determination.
Denmark is the southernmost of the Nordic countries, located southwest of Sweden and south of Norway, and bordered to the south by Germany. The country consists of a large peninsula, Jutland and many islands, most notably Zealand, Funen, Lolland, Falster and Bornholm, as well as hundreds of minor islands often referred to as the Danish Archipelago.
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Dingle
Dingle (Irish: An Daingean / Daingean Uí Chúis, meaning "Ó Cúis' fort") is a town in County Kerry, Ireland. The only town on the Dingle Peninsula, it sits on the Atlantic coast, about 50 kilometres (30 mi) southwest of Tralee and 71 kilometres (40 mi) northwest of Killarney.
Principal industries in the town are tourism, fishing and agriculture: Dingle Mart (livestock market) serves the surrounding countryside. In 2006 Dingle had a population of 1,920. Dingle is situated in a Gaeltacht region.
The town was developed as a port following the Norman invasion of Ireland. By the thirteenth century more goods were being exported through Dingle than Limerick, and in 1257 an ordinance of Henry III imposed customs on the port's exports. By the fourteenth century, importing wine was a major business. Maurice FitzGerald, 1st Earl of Desmond, who held palatine powers in the area, imposed a tax on this activity around 1329. By the sixteenth century, Dingle was one of Ireland's main trading ports, exporting fish and hides and importing wines from the continent of Europe. French and Spanish fishing fleets used the town as a base.
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Eiði
Eiði [[ˈaiːjɪ] ( listen)] (local pronunciation: [IPA: [ˈɔiːjɪ]]) (Danish: Ejde) is a large village located on the north-west tip of Eysturoy, Faroe Islands Its name means isthmus in the Faroese language. The town has a population of 669 inhabitants. In the center of the village there is a large stone church from 1881. It was built in connection with the village's centennial.
Within walking distance of Eiði is the 343-meter-high promontory Eiðiskollur, from the top of which a beautiful view can be had over the sea and the islands, including a view down onto Risin og Kellingin, two legendary rocks that rise 75 meters up from the sea.
A couple of kilometers south-east of Eiði is a dammed lake called Eiðisvatn. The water from the dam supplies a hydroelectric power station below. At Eiði, there is a LORAN-C station. The mast of he facility may be the tallest structure on the Faroe Islands.
The village's football team is EB/Streymur. It founded 1993 as a merger between Eiðis Bóltfelag and Ítróttarfelagið Streymur.
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Estonia
Estonia
i/ɨsˈtoʊniə/ (Estonian: Eesti), officially the Republic of Estonia (Estonian: Eesti Vabariik), is a state in the Baltic region of Northern Europe. It is bordered to the north by the Gulf of Finland, to the west by the Baltic Sea, to the south by Latvia (343 km), and to the east by Lake Peipus and the Russian Federation (338.6 km). Across the Baltic Sea lies Sweden in the west and Finland in the north. The territory of Estonia covers 45,227 km2 (17,462 sq mi), and is influenced by a temperate seasonal climate. The Estonians are a Finnic people, and the official language, Estonian, is closely related to Finnish.
Estonia is a democratic parliamentary republic divided into 15 counties. The capital and largest city is Tallinn. With a population of 1.29 million, it is one of the least-populous members of the European Union, Eurozone and NATO. Estonia has the highest GDP per person among former Soviet republics. Estonia is listed as a "High-Income Economy" by the World Bank and as an "advanced economy" by the International Monetary Fund; the country is an OECD member. The United Nations lists Estonia as a developed country with a Human Development Index of "Very High". The country is also ranked highly for press freedom, economic freedom, democracy and political freedom and education.
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Eystur
Eystur is a municipality (kommuna) in the Faroese Islands. It covers a part of the island of Eysturoy.
The municipality was created on 1 January 2009 from the merger of Leirvík and Gøtu municipalities. It includes the villages of Norðragøta, Gøtueiði, Gøtugjógv and Syðrugøta, as well as other small settlements
Coordinates: 62°06′56″N 6°43′20″W / 62.11556°N 6.72222°W / 62.11556; -6.72222
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Eysturoy
Eysturoy (Danish: Østerø) means East island (pronounced ['estroi]) and is the second-largest of the Faroe Islands in the North Atlantic, both in size and population.
Eysturoy is separated by a narrow sound from the main island of Streymoy. Eysturoy is extremely rugged, with some 66 separate mountain peaks, including Slættaratindur, the highest peak in the archipelago. Important towns on Eysturoy are Fuglafjørður in the north and the densely populated area of the municipalities of Runavík and Nes in the south.
Eysturoy is connected with Streymoy via a road bridge over the sound. This bridge is humorously referred to by islanders as the only bridge over the Atlantic (the natives of the Scottish island of Seil make the same claim, as do the people of Great Bernera located in Na h-Eileanan Siar http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Great_Bernera). Leirvík on the east coast of the island is the gateway for transport connections to the north-eastern islands, particularly Klaksvík on the island of Borðoy, which is the Faroes' second-largest town.
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Fair Isle
Fair Isle (from Old Norse Frjóey; Scottish Gaelic Fara) is an island in northern Scotland, lying around halfway between mainland Shetland and the Orkney islands. It is famous for its bird observatory and a traditional style of knitting.
Fair Isle is the most remote inhabited island in the United Kingdom. The island is administratively part of Shetland and lies 38 kilometres (24 mi) south-west of Sumburgh Head on the Mainland of Shetland and 43 kilometres (27 mi) north-east of North Ronaldsay, Orkney. 4.8 kilometres (3.0 mi) in length and 2.4 kilometres (1.5 mi) wide, it has an area of 768 hectares (3 square miles), making it the tenth largest of the Shetland Islands. It gives its name to one of the British Sea Areas.
The majority of the seventy islanders live in the crofts on the southern half of the island, with the northern half consisting of rocky moorland. The western coast consists of cliffs of up to 200 metres (660 feet) in height. The population has been decreasing steadily from around four hundred in around 1900. There are no pubs or restaurants on the island, and there is but a single primary school. After the age of eleven, children must attend secondary school in Lerwick and stay in a hostel there in term time.
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Falkland Islands
The Falkland Islands (English pronunciation: /ˈfɒlklənd/ or English pronunciation: /ˈfɔːlklənd/; Spanish: Islas Malvinas) are an archipelago in the South Atlantic Ocean, located more than 250 nautical miles (460 km; 290 mi) east of the coast of mainland South America. The archipelago comprises East Falkland, West Falkland, and 776 lesser islands. Stanley, the capital and only city, is on East Falkland. The islands are a self-governing British Overseas Territory, with the United Kingdom responsible for their defence and foreign affairs.
Controversy exists over the Falklands' original discovery and subsequent colonisation by Europeans. At various times there have been French, British, Spanish, and Argentine settlements. Britain re-established its rule in 1833, yet the islands continue to be claimed by Argentina. In 1982, following Argentina's invasion of the islands, the two-month-long undeclared Falklands War between both countries resulted in the withdrawal of all Argentine forces. Despite its defeat, Argentina still pursues its claim; however, UK policy supports the islanders' self-determination to remain British citizens.
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Faroe Islands
Coordinates: 62°00′N 06°47′W / 62°N 6.783°W / 62; -6.783
The Faroe Islands (Faroese: Føroyar pronounced [ˈfœɹjaɹ], Danish: Færøerne Danish pronunciation: [ˈfæɐ̯øːˀɐnə]) are an island group situated between the Norwegian Sea and the North Atlantic Ocean, approximately halfway between Norway and Iceland. The islands form a self-governing country under the sovereignty of the Kingdom of Denmark. The total area is approximately 1,400 km² (540 sq mi) with a 2010 population of almost 50,000 people.
The Faroe Islands has been a self-governing dependency of Denmark since 1948. Over the years, the Faroese have taken control of most domestic matters. Areas that remain the responsibility of Denmark include military defence, police, justice, currency and foreign affairs. The Faroe Islands also has representatives in the Nordic Council as members of the Danish delegation.
The Faroe Islands were associated with and taxed by Denmark and Norway up to 1814, when Norway fell under the rule of Sweden. Scandinavia was in political turmoil following the Sixth Coalition of the Napoleonic Wars, when the Treaty of Kiel granted Denmark control over the Faroes, Iceland and Greenland in 1814. The Danish trade monopoly ended in 1856.
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Finland
Coordinates: 65°N 27°E / 65°N 027°E / 65; 027
Finlandi/ˈfɪnlənd/ ( Finnish: Suomi; Swedish: Finland (help·info)), officially the Republic of Finland, is a Nordic country situated in the Fennoscandian region of Northern Europe. It is bordered by Sweden in the west, Norway in the north and Russia in the east, while Estonia lies to its south across the Gulf of Finland.
Around 5.4 million people reside in Finland, with the majority concentrated in the southern region. It is the eighth largest country in Europe in terms of area and the most sparsely populated country in the European Union. Finland is a parliamentary republic with a central government based in Helsinki and local governments in 336 municipalities, and an autonomous region of the Åland Islands. About one million residents live in the Greater Helsinki area, which consists of Helsinki, Espoo, Kauniainen and Vantaa, and a third of the country's GDP is produced there. Other larger cities include Tampere, Turku, Oulu, Jyväskylä, Lahti and Kuopio.
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Folketing
The Folketing (Danish: Folketinget, Danish pronunciation: [ˈfʌlɡ̊ətˢeŋˀ]), is the national parliament of Denmark. The name literally means "People's thing"—that is, the people's governing assembly. The Folketing consists of 179 representatives; 175 from Denmark, 2 from Greenland and a further 2 from the Faroe Islands. It is located in Christiansborg Palace, on the islet of Slotsholmen in central Copenhagen.
The most recent general election took place on 15 September 2011.
From 1849 to 1953 the Folketing was one of the two houses in the bicameral parliament known as the Rigsdag; the other house was known as the Landsting. Since both houses, in principle, had equal power, the terms "upper house" and "lower house" were not used. The difference between the houses was voter representation.
The Folketing was elected by common vote and consisted mainly of independent farmers, traders, and merchants as well as the educated classes (i.e. the liberal forces of society). From 1866 to 1915 the right of vote for the Landsting was restricted to the wealthiest, and some of its members were appointed by the king, thus it predominantly represented the landed gentry and other conservatives. From 1915 the Landsting was also elected by common vote, although indirectly and with a higher age limit than for the Folketing. During the next decades, law-making mainly took place in the Folketing and the Landsting came to be regarded as a superfluous rubber stamp.
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Foula
Foula (Old Norse Fuglaey, "bird island", compare Norwegian Fugløy, "fowl island", Gaelic Fughlaigh) in the Shetland Islands of Scotland is one of Great Britain’s most remote permanently inhabited islands. Owned since the turn of the 20th century by the Holbourn family, the island was the location for the film The Edge of the World. RMS Oceanic was wrecked on the nearby Shaalds of Foula.
Foula is a bleak, yet spectacular island in the Atlantic Ocean, 20 miles west of Walls in Shetland. The island is about 2.5 miles (4.0 km) by 3.5 miles (5.6 km), with a low-lying coastal strip along the east side. With an area of 4.9 square miles (12.7 km2), it is the seventh largest and most westerly of the Shetland Islands. It rises from low broken cliffs in the east to precipitous 150 to 365m cliffs on the west. The island has five peaks, rising to 418m (1371 feet) at the Sneug and 376m (1220 feet) at the Kame. At the north end is Gaada Stack a natural arch. Foula lies on the same latitude as Saint Petersburg.
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France
France (Englishi/ˈfræns/ FRANSS or /ˈfrɑːns/ FRAHNSS; French: [fʁɑ̃s] ( listen)), officially the French Republic (French: République française [ʁepyblik fʁɑ̃sɛz]), is a unitary semi-presidential republic in Western Europe with several overseas territories and islands located on other continents and in the Indian, Pacific, and Atlantic oceans. Metropolitan France extends from the Mediterranean Sea to the English Channel and the North Sea, and from the Rhine to the Atlantic Ocean. It is often referred to as l’Hexagone ("The Hexagon") because of the geometric shape of its territory. It is the largest western European country and it possesses the second-largest exclusive economic zone in the world, covering 11,035,000 km2 (4,260,000 sq mi), just behind that of the United States (11,351,000 km2 / 4,383,000 sq mi).
Over the past 500 years, France has been a major power with strong cultural, economic, military and political influence in Europe and around the world. During the 17th and 18th centuries, France colonised great parts of North America and Southeast Asia; during the 19th and early 20th centuries, France built the second largest colonial empire of the time, including large portions of North, West and Central Africa, Southeast Asia, and many Caribbean and Pacific Islands.
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French Polynesia
French Polynesia (i/ˈfrɛntʃ pɒlɨˈniːʒə/; French: Polynésie française, pronounced: [pɔlinezi fʁɑ̃sɛz]; Tahitian: Pōrīnetia Farāni) is an overseas country of the French Republic (pays d'outre-mer). It is made up of several groups of Polynesian islands, the most famous island being Tahiti in the Society Islands group, which is also the most populous island and the seat of the capital of the territory (Papeetē). Although not an integral part of its territory, Clipperton Island was administered from French Polynesia until 2007.
The island groups that make up French Polynesia were not officially united until the establishment of the French protectorate in 1889. The first of these islands to be settled by indigenous Polynesians were the Marquesas Islands in AD 300 and the Society Islands in AD 800. The Polynesians were organized in loose chieftainships.
European communication began in 1521 when the Portuguese explorer Ferdinand Magellan sighted Pukapuka in the Tuāmotu-Gambier Archipelago. Dutchman Jakob Roggeveen came across Bora Bora in the Society Islands in 1722, and the British explorer Samuel Wallis visited Tahiti in 1767. The French explorer Louis Antoine de Bougainville visited Tahiti in 1768, while the British explorer James Cook visited in 1769. Christian missions began with Spanish priests who stayed in Tahiti for a year from 1774; Protestants from the London Missionary Society settled permanently in Polynesia in 1797.
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Fuglafjørður
Fuglafjørður (Danish: Fuglefjord) is a village on Eysturoy's east coast in the Faroe Islands. Its name means "fjord of birds".
The village is at the edge of a bay and expands into the surrounding steep hills. The town centre is located close to the harbour and contains most of the shops and services. The harbour in Fuglafjørður is busy, as the town's economy is based on the processing of fish and fish meal. There is fishing-industry, a slip, production of trawl and also oil-depots. In the 1970s there was a terrible stink from the fishing-industry but that has since been solved.
In the past years Fuglafjørður has also become famous for its newly established cultural centre in the town centre that has become one of the main cultural attractions in Eysturoy.
Where the Gjógvará stream meets the sea in the village, archaeologists have discovered the remains of a Viking longhouse, seventeen metres in length, with walls 1.5 metres thick. It was found by removing four or five more recent layers of ruins, showing a continuity of habitation for many centuries.
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Fugloy
Fugloy (Danish Fuglø, Old Norse Fuglaey) is the eastern-most island in the Faroe Islands. The name means bird island, and refers to the large number of birds that nest on the island's cliffs.
There are two settlements: Kirkja on the south-coast and Hattarvík on the east-coast. The Eystfelli cliffs, which are 448m are located on the east coast. Nearby on the 47 metre high sea stack Stapin there is also a lighthouse, a natural arch feature and what looks like the outline of an Egyptian Pharaoh (the Pharaoh's Face).
The island has been identified as an Important Bird Area by BirdLife International because of its significance as a breeding site for seabirds, especially Atlantic Puffins (15,000 pairs), European Storm Petrels (25,000 pairs) and Black Guillemots (100 pairs), as well as for about 50 breeding pairs of Whimbrels.
There are three mountains on Fugloy:
The island has been populated since the Viking age. One of the most important stories of the island is that of the Floksmenn. They were a flock (group) of rebels, in the middle ages, from Fugloy. The most notorious of the separatists, (referred by the Danish governmental officials in Tórshavn) were Høgni Nev, Rógvi Skel, Hálvdan Ulvsson from Hattarvík and Sjúrður við Kellingará, from Kirkja. These men controlled and ravaged the northern parts of the Faroe Islands for a long time. This is one of the most important separatist myths of the Faroe islands.
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Fámjin
Fámjin (Danish: Famien) is a village, located in the middle of the coastline on the western side of Suðuroy, the southernmost island in Faroe Islands. It has a population of around 100.
The village of Fámjin is looking directly out to the harsh sea, although partly protected by a stone reef, which becomes visible at low tide. The village is surrounded by the beautiful natural scenery of the highest mountains on Suðuroy. The highest mountain, Gluggarnir is located north of Fámjin. The mountains Borgarknappur and Borgin are south-east of the village. There are several inland lakes and waterfalls. One of the waterfalls is named Fossurin Mikli. Only one road leads to the village, it goes through Øravík.
If you like to walk, go up from the village to the lake known as “Kirkjuvatn” (Church Lake), one of the largest on the island. The old mountain path between Fámjin and Vágur was originally the main road between the two villages. The path goes through beautiful nature in the mountains south of Fámjin and runs along the cliffs to the west. There are cairns along the path. West of Fámjin by the end of the road is a gorge which is called Prestgjógv (The Priest's Gorge).
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Gibraltar
Gibraltar ( /dʒɨˈbrɒltər/) is a British overseas territory located on the southern end of the Iberian Peninsula at the entrance of the Mediterranean. It has an area of 6.8 square kilometres (2.6 sq mi) and a northern border with Andalusia, Spain. The Rock of Gibraltar is the major landmark of the region. At its foot is the densely populated city area, home to almost 30,000 Gibraltarians and other nationalities.
An Anglo-Dutch force captured Gibraltar from Spain in 1704 during the War of the Spanish Succession. The territory was subsequently ceded to Britain "in perpetuity" under the Treaty of Utrecht in 1713. It was an important base for the Royal Navy; today its economy is based largely on tourism, financial services, and shipping.
The sovereignty of Gibraltar is a major point of contention in Anglo-Spanish relations as Spain asserts a claim to the territory. Gibraltarians rejected proposals for Spanish sovereignty in a 1967 referendum and again in 2002. Under the Gibraltar constitution of 2006, Gibraltar governs its own affairs, though some powers, such as defence and foreign relations, remain the responsibility of the UK Government.
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Gondalpara
Gondalpara is an Indian town, southeast of Chandernagore, West Bengal. It was a Danish possession, also known as Danmarksnagore in 1698–1714 as part of Danish India, governed from Tranquebar.
Gondalpara is located at 22°50′38″N 88°21′57″E / 22.8437634°N 88.3657193°E / 22.8437634; 88.3657193
This a small place located in Souuth-East Chandannagar. It consists of about 15 sub localities . Some of them are Monsatala, Kachhari ghat, Satghata, Charmondirtala, Natun Tilighat, Kolo pukur dhar, Kadamtala, Moran road, Binodtala etc. It is bounded by Besohata and Tematha in the west, Hooghly river in the east and north and Telinipara in the south. It is actually a half moon shaped area bounded by water on two sides.
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Greenland
Greenland (Kalaallisut: Kalaallit Nunaat, "Land of the Kalaallit";Danish: Grønland) is an autonomous country within the Kingdom of Denmark, located between the Arctic and Atlantic Oceans, east of the Canadian Arctic Archipelago. Though physiographically a part of the continent of North America, Greenland has been politically and culturally associated with Europe (specifically Norway and later Denmark) for more than a millennium. Greenland is, by area, the world's largest island. With a population of 56,615 (January 2011 estimate) it is the least densely populated dependency or country in the world.
Greenland has been inhabited, though not continuously, by Arctic peoples via Canada for 4500–5000 years. In the 10th century, Norsemen settled on the uninhabited southern part of Greenland. In the 13th century, the Inuit arrived, and in the late 15th century the Norse colonies were abandoned. In the early 18th century, contact between Scandinavia and Greenland was re-established and Denmark established rule over Greenland.
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Guernsey
Guernsey, officially the Bailiwick of Guernsey ( /ˈɡɜrnzi/ GURN-zee; French: Bailliage de Guernesey, IPA: [bajaʒ də ɡɛʁnəzɛ]), is a British Crown dependency in the English Channel off the coast of Normandy.
The Bailiwick of Guernsey embraces not only all 10 parishes on the Island of Guernsey, but also the islands of Herm, Jethou, and Lihou. Furthermore, the Bailiwick includes Alderney and Sark, which each has its own parliament.
Although its defence is the responsibility of the United Kingdom, the Bailiwick of Guernsey is not part of the UK; and while it participates in the Common Travel Area, it is not part of the European Union.
The Bailiwick of Guernsey is included (along with the Bailiwick of Jersey) in the grouping known as the Channel Islands.
The name of Guernsey, as well as that of neighbouring Jersey, is of Old Norse origin. The second element of Guernsey (-ey) is the Old Norse for "island". Guern similar to Spanish "Cuerno", French "Coi(r)n", Dutch "Hoorn", Frisian "Hoarn", Swedish "Hörn", Swiss "Gorn" means "Corner". - Corner Island.
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Hestur
Hestur (Danish: Hestø) is an island in the central Faroe Islands, to the west of Streymoy and the south of Koltur. Hestur means horse in Faroese. On the west coast is a guillemot colony. In the north there is moorland with four small lakes, of which Fagradalsvatn is the largest. At Haelur, Hestur's southernmost tip, there is a lighthouse. The island has one settlement, a village also named Hestur on the east coast. The village enjoys the view over Gamlarætt and Velbastaður on Streymoy.
In 1919 a fishing accident resulted in the deaths of one-thirds of Hestur's men. In an attempt to fight the depopulation of the village, a swimming pool was built on the island in 1974. On the southern part of the island by the lake Fagradalsvatn, one can camp. Hestur's postal code is FO 280. Since 1 January 2005 the island has been part of the municipality of Tórshavn.
The coastline of the island has been identified as an Important Bird Area by BirdLife International because of its significance as a breeding site for seabirds, especially Atlantic Puffins (25,000 pairs), European Storm Petrels (5000 pairs) and Black Guillemots (50 pairs).
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Hvalba
Hvalba (Danish: Hvalbø) is a village and a municipality, which consists of Hvalba, Nes-Hvalba and Sandvík. The total population of Hvalba Municipality (Hvalbiar Kommuna) was 723 as of 1 January 2010; the population of Hvalba and Nes was 626 and the population of Sandvík was 97. Hvalba is one of the larger villages in the Faroe Islands. The village spreads around the bottom of a deep inlet, Hvalbiarfjørður, northeast of Suðuroy. The small village Nes, is often called Nes-Hvalba, because there are two other villages with the same name. Nes is located on the southern arm of the fjord Hvalbiarfjørður, opposite of Hvalba. Nes does not have its own postal code. Hvalba has one supermarket, a fast food shop and a few more shops. People there do many different kind of jobs, a few of them are coalminers, Hvalba is the only place in the Faroes, which still has active coalmine industry, although in very small scale. There are two harbours and some fish factories in Hvalba, both harbours are on the northern side of the bay. There is a boat harbour in Nes and a small harbour in Sandvík. The municipality plans to make a new marina between the two harbors on a place which is called Á Hamranesi. Some trawlers belong to the village, they deliver fish for the fish factory. Some people work in other villages i.e. at the Suduroy Hospital in Tvøroyri or at the Faroe Islands Ferry and Buss Transportation Company including the ferry Smyril, which sails between Suðuroy and Tórshavn, but there are also a few independent small companies in Hvalba, i.e. IT supporters, carpenters, transport company, dietitian, internet shop etc. Hvalba is located on the east side of the island but the inlet is so deep that the distance to the west coast is quite short, so the island almost splits into two islands. There are two isthmuses in Hvalba: Hvalbiareiði (also called Fiskieiði) and Norðbergseiði (also called Á Drátti). There is a memorial in Hvalba, it is located on the northern side of the fjord, just before one comes to the first harbour, not far from the bottom of the bay. The memorial is made of stone, the stone work was made by Lars and Helmut Larsen from Tórshavn, it was raised in 1963 in memory of people from Hvalba who lost their life at sea or by other accidents, i.e. by accidents in the coal mines or by falling down from the island Lítla Dímun or from one of the mountains which surround the village.
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Hvannasund
Hvannasund (Danish: Kvannesund, older Quannesund) is a village and municipality in the Faroe Islands, an autonomous region in Denmark.
Hvannasund located on the west coast of the island of Viðoy. It faces Norðdepil on Borðoy. The villages are connected to each other by a dam. A large cracked rock rests in an area just north of Hvannasund. An old legend details that the rock, called Skrudhettan, broke the very moment that Jesus was born.
On 26 May 2008, the ocean inexplicably receded 2½ – 3 metres before suddenly hitting the area with great strength. A couple of days later, it was reported that a mini-tsunami had hit Hvannasund. There were no injuries or fatalities.
On 3 September 2008, a majority of the town council, notably excluding the mayor, announced that there would be a referendum on merging Hvannasund municipality with the municipality of Klaksvík. The referendum was held on 17 September. Of the 321 eligible, 278 cast their votes. The result was 68 in favor, 208 against and 2 blanks, thus the merger was rejected.
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Húsar
Húsar (Danish: Husum) is a village on the East side of Kalsoy, Faroe Islands. It is the oldest of the villages on Kalsoy. The church, which is made of stone, was built in 1920. Húsar is connected to Klaksvík by a ferry that visits the village three times a day. From Húsar the other villages on the island can be reached by bus.
Húsar is also involved in fish farming, particularly the production of fry. The fry is grown for 1½ to 2 years. After that it is placed in sea farms where it will grow into fish. Húsar also has a cutler who produces exquisite handmade knives for whale slaughtering.
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Iceland
Icelandi/ˈaɪslənd/ (Icelandic: Ísland, IPA: [ˈislant]) is a Nordic European island country in the North Atlantic Ocean, on the Mid-Atlantic Ridge. The country has a population of about 320,000 and a total area of 103,000 km2 (40,000 sq mi). The capital and largest city is Reykjavík, with the surrounding areas in the southwestern region of the country being home to two-thirds of the country's population. Iceland is volcanically and geologically active. The interior mainly consists of a plateau characterised by sand fields, mountains and glaciers, while many glacial rivers flow to the sea through the lowlands. Iceland is warmed by the Gulf Stream and has a temperate climate despite a high latitude just outside the Arctic Circle.
According to Landnámabók, the settlement of Iceland began in AD 874 when the chieftain Ingólfur Arnarson became the first permanent Norse settler on the island. Others had visited the island earlier and stayed over winter. Over the following centuries, Norsemen settled Iceland, bringing with them thralls (slaves) of Gaelic origin. From 1262 to 1918 Iceland was part of the Norwegian and later the Danish monarchies. Until the 20th century, the Icelandic population relied largely on fisheries and agriculture, and the country was one of the poorest and least developed in the world. Industrialisation of the fisheries and aid from the Marshall Plan brought prosperity in the years after World War II, and by the 1990s it was one of the world's wealthiest countries. In 1994, Iceland became party to the European Economic Area, which made it possible for the economy to diversify into economic and financial services.
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Ireland
Coordinates: 53°20′N 08°00′W / 53.333°N 8°W / 53.333; -8
Ireland (pronounced [ˈaɪrlənd] ( listen); Irish: Éire [ˈeːɾʲə] ( listen); Ulster Scots: Airlann or Airlan) is an island to the northwest of continental Europe. It is the third-largest island in Europe and the twentieth-largest island on Earth. To its east is the larger island of Great Britain, from which it is separated by the Irish Sea.
Politically, Ireland is divided between the Republic of Ireland, which covers just under five-sixths of the island, and Northern Ireland, a part of the United Kingdom, which covers the remainder and is located in the northeast of the island. The population of Ireland is approximately 6.4 million. Just under 4.6 million live in the Republic of Ireland and just under 1.8 million live in Northern Ireland.
Relatively low-lying mountains surrounding a central plain epitomise Ireland's geography with several navigable rivers extending inland. The island has lush vegetation, a product of its mild but changeable oceanic climate, which avoids extremes in temperature. Thick woodlands covered the island until the 17th century. Today, it is one of the most deforested areas in Europe. There are twenty-six extant mammal species native to Ireland.
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Irish Sea
The Irish Sea (Irish: Muir Éireann or Muir Meann,Scottish Gaelic: Muir Èireann or Muir Mhanainn,Manx: Mooir Vannin or Y Keayn Yernagh,Welsh: Môr Iwerddon, Scots: Erse Sea) separates the islands of Ireland and Great Britain. It is connected to the Celtic Sea in the south by St George's Channel, and to the Atlantic Ocean in the north by the North Channel. Anglesey is the largest island within the Irish Sea, followed by the Isle of Man. The sea is occasionally, but rarely, referred to as the Manx Sea.
The sea is of significant economic importance to regional trade, shipping and transport, fishing, and power generation in the form of wind power and nuclear plants. Annual traffic between Great Britain and Ireland amounts to over 12 million passengers and 17 million tonnes of traded goods.
The International Hydrographic Organization defines the limits of the Irish Sea (with St George's Channel) as follows:
On the North. The Southern limit of the Scottish Seas [or Inner Seas off the West Coast of Scotland, defined as "a line joining the South extreme of the Mull of Galloway (54°38'N) in Scotland and Ballyquintin Point (54°20'N) in Ireland"].
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Isle of Man
The Isle of Man ( /ˈmæn/; Manx: Ellan Vannin, pronounced [ˈɛlʲən ˈvanɪn]), otherwise known simply as Mann (Manx: Mannin, IPA: [ˈmanɪn]), is a self-governing Crown Dependency of the United Kingdom, located in the Irish Sea between the islands of Great Britain and Ireland, within the British Isles. The head of state is Queen Elizabeth II, who holds the title of Lord of Mann. The Lord of Mann is represented by a Lieutenant Governor. The island is not part of the United Kingdom, but its foreign relations and defence are the responsibility of the UK Government. Although the United Kingdom does not usually interfere in the island's domestic matters, its "good government" is ultimately the responsibility of the Crown (that is, in practice, the Government of the United Kingdom).
The island has been inhabited since before 6500 BC. Gaelic cultural influence began in the 5th century AD, and the Manx language, a branch of the Gaelic languages, gradually emerged. In the 9th century, the Norse began to settle there. A Norse-Gaelic culture arose and the island came under Norse control. In 1266, the island became part of Scotland as formalised by the Treaty of Perth. After a period of alternating rule by the kings of Scotland and England, the island came under the feudal overlordship of the English Crown in 1399. The lordship revested into the British Crown in 1764 but the island never became part of Great Britain or its successor the United Kingdom and retained its status as an internally self-governing Crown dependency.
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Jersey
Jersey, officially the Bailiwick of Jersey, French: Bailliage de Jersey ( /ˈdʒɜrzi/, French: [ʒɛʁzɛ]; Jèrriais: Jèrri), is a British Crown Dependency off the coast of Normandy, France. As well as the island of Jersey itself, the bailiwick includes two groups of small islands that are no longer permanently inhabited, the Minquiers and Écréhous, and the Pierres de Lecq and other rocks and reefs.
Jersey is a self-governing parliamentary democracy under a constitutional monarchy, with its own financial, legal and judicial systems.
The island of Jersey is the largest of the Channel Islands. Although the Bailiwicks of Jersey and Guernsey are often referred to collectively as 'the Channel Islands', they are not a constitutional or political unit. Jersey has a separate relationship to the British Crown from the other Crown Dependencies of Guernsey and the Isle of Man. It is not part of the United Kingdom, and has an international identity separate from that of the UK but the United Kingdom is constitutionally responsible for the defence of Jersey. Jersey is not a part of the European Union but has a special relationship with it, being treated as part of the European Community for the purposes of free trade in goods.
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Kalmar Union
The Kalmar Union (Danish, Norwegian and Swedish: Kalmarunionen Latin: Unio Calmariensis) is a historiographical term meaning a series of personal unions (1397–1523) that united the three kingdoms of Denmark, Norway (then including Iceland, Greenland, the Faroe Islands and, prior to their annexation by Scotland in 1471, Shetland and Orkney), and Sweden (then including Finland) under a single monarch, though intermittently and with a population fewer than 3 million.
The countries had not given up their sovereignty or even their independence, but in practice, they were not autonomous, the common monarch holding sovereignty and, in practice, leading foreign policy; diverging interests (especially the Swedish nobility's dissatisfaction over the dominant role played by Denmark and Holstein) gave rise to a conflict that would hamper the union in several intervals from the 1430s until its breakup in 1523 when Gustav Vasa became king of Sweden.
Norway and its overseas dependencies continued to remain a part of the realm of Denmark–Norway under the Oldenburg dynasty for nearly three centuries until its dissolution in 1814.
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Kalsoy
Kalsoy (Danish: Kalsø) is an island located in the north-east of the Faroe Islands between Eysturoy and Kunoy.
The western coast has dramatically steep cliffs for the full length of the island, whereas idyllic valleys on the eastern slopes protect the four tiny settlements, Húsar, Mikladalur, Syðradalur and Trøllanes, whose combined populations total less than 150. They are connected by a partly surfaced road which passes through four dark tunnels. The island's thin shape and road-tunnels give it the nickname 'the flute'. There is a lighthouse at Kallur, the northern-tip of Kalsoy.
The northern and western coastline of the island has been identified as an Important Bird Area by BirdLife International because of its significance as a breeding site for seabirds, especially Atlantic Puffins (40,000 pairs), European Storm Petrels (5000 pairs) and Black Guillemots (200 pairs).
The island has 13 peaks, the two highest mountains are:
There are ferry landings at Syðradalur, and one of the mail boats (named Sam) makes regular trips from Klaksvík to both settlements. One can walk north all the way to the lighthouse at Kallur, but the four unlit tunnels on the way make it advisable to carry a torch. However, there is not enough traffic to pose problems with exhaust gases. The northernmost tunnel through to Trøllanes is narrow, cold, damp and over 2 km long; it is rarely used by vehicles since the population of Trøllanes is only 20. The alternative overland route from Mikladalur to Trøllanes is a dangerous and precipitous path which is best avoided.
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Kerguelen Islands
The Kerguelen Islands ( /ˈkɜrɡəlɛn/ or /ˈkɜrɡələn/; in French commonly Îles Kerguelen or Archipel de Kerguelen but officially Archipel des Kerguelen or Archipel Kerguelen, pronounced: [kɛʁɡeˈlɛn]), also known as the Desolation Islands, are a group of islands in the southern Indian Ocean constituting one of the two emerged parts of the mostly submerged Kerguelen Plateau. The islands, along with Adélie Land, the Crozet Islands and the Amsterdam and Saint Paul Islands are part of the French Southern and Antarctic Lands and are administered as a separate district. There are no indigenous inhabitants, but France maintains a permanent presence of 50 to 100 scientists, engineers and researchers.
The main island, Grande Terre, is 6,675 km2 (2,577 sq mi) in area and is surrounded by a further 300 smaller islands and islets, forming an archipelago of 7,215 km2 (2,786 sq mi). The climate is raw and chilly with frequent high winds throughout the year. While the surrounding seas are generally rough, they remain ice-free year-round. There is no airport on the islands, so all travel and transport from the outside world is conducted by ship.
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Klaksvík
Klaksvík (Danish: Klaksvig) is the second largest town of the Faroe Islands. The town is located on Borðoy, which is one of the northernmost islands (in Faroese: Norðoyar).
The first settlement at Klaksvík dates back to Viking times, but it was not before the 20th century that the district merged to form a large, modern Faroese town that became the cultural and commercial centre for the Northern Isles and the Faroe Islands as a whole.
Klaksvik is located between two inlets lying back to back. It has an important harbour with fishing industry and a modern fishing fleet. Originally, four farms were located where Klaksvik is now. In time, they grew into four villages, Vágur, Myrkjanoyri, Gerðar and Uppsalar, that finally merged to form the town of Klaksvík in 1938. What triggered the development of the town was the establishment of a centralized store for all the northern islands on the location.
The brewery Föroya Bjór in Klaksvík is a Faroese family brewery, founded in 1888. The ram has been the symbol of the brewery since the early beginning. Since August 2007, when Restorffs Bryggjarí went out of business, Föroya Bjór has been the only producer of beer and soft drinks in the Faroe Islands.
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Koltur
Koltur is an island in the Faroe Islands, located to the west of Streymoy and to the north of Hestur. The island has just one settlement: Koltur. It was abandoned in the 1980s by the sheep-farmers whose flocks grazed on the southern part of the island. Since then only two people have returned (in 1994), and they are working on restoring the village. Koltur has one mountain: Kolturshamar (478 m).
Most of the coastline of the island has been identified as an Important Bird Area by BirdLife International because of its significance as a breeding site for seabirds, especially European Storm Petrels (5000 pairs), Atlantic Puffins (20,000 pairs) and Black Guillemots (50 pairs).
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Krambatangi
Krambatangi is the ferry port of Suðuroy in the Faroe Islands. The ferry Smyril M/F disembarks 2-3 times daily from Krambatangi to Tórshavn. Krambatangi is located on the southern side of Trongisvágsfjørður halfway between Trongisvágur and Øravík, opposite of Tvøroyri. The ferry port was earlier on Drelnes, which is a few hundred meters further east of Krambatangi. But in 2005 a new ferry arrived, which was much bigger than the prior one, and therefore they built a new ferryport on Krambatangi. Krambatangi does not belong to the municipality of Tvøroyri, and there have been some disagreements between the Tvøroyri municipality and Strandfaraskip Landsins (SSL) because they didn't pay for entering the port of Tvøroyri. The Faroese court decided, that SSL ought to pay for entering the port of Tvøroyri, but SSL appealed the verdict.
Coordinates: 61°32′53″N 6°49′07″W / 61.5481°N 6.8185°W / 61.5481; -6.8185
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Kunoy
Kunoy (meaning Woman island, Danish: Kunø) is an island located in the north-east of the Faroe Islands between Kalsoy and Borðoy (to which it is linked via a causeway).
There are two settlements on Kunoy: Kunoy (population 64), on the west coast and Haraldssund on the south-east coast. These have been connected by a tunnel since 1988. Haraldssund is connected by a causeway to the neighbouring island of Borðoy to the east of Kunoy. Before the causeway was built, travel to the island was by ferry. Nowadays the 504 bus runs a regular service across the causeway, with a route from Klaksvík through Ánir then across to Haraldssund and through the tunnel to Kunoy.
A third settlement, Skarð, was the site of a fishing accident on Christmas Eve, 1913 which killed seven men (all the male population except a 14 year old and a 70 year old). The women decided to move to Haraldssund, and the area is now deserted.
The coastline of the northern tip of the island has been identified as an Important Bird Area by BirdLife International because of its significance as a breeding site for seabirds, especially European Storm Petrels (250 pairs) and Black Guillemots (200 pairs).
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Kvívík
Kvívík (Danish: Kvivig, older Qvivig) is a village on the west coast of Streymoy in the Faroe Islands, in the eponymous municipality of Kvívík.
The village is on both sides of a narrow bay and the small river Stora.
Kvívík is one of the oldest settlements in the Faroes and excavations have shown the remains of Viking houses.
Hand-coloured postcard of 1900
Kvívík today
Old Settlement of Vikings
Old Settlement of Vikings
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Latvia
Latviai/ˈlætviə/ (Latvian: Latvija), officially the Republic of Latvia (Latvian: Latvijas Republika), is a country in the Baltic region of Northern Europe. It is bordered to the north by Estonia (border length 343 km), to the south by Lithuania (588 km), to the east by the Russian Federation (276 km), to the southeast by Belarus (141 km), and shares maritime borders to the west with Sweden. With 2,067,887 inhabitants and a territory of 64,589 km2 (24,938 sq mi) it is one of the least populous and least densely populated countries of the European Union. The capital of Latvia is Riga. The official language is Latvian and the currency is called Lats (Ls). The country has a temperate seasonal climate.
The Latvians are a Baltic people, culturally related to the Lithuanians. Together with the Finno-Ugric Livs (or Livonians), the Latvians are the indigenous people of Latvia.Latvian is an Indo-European language and along with Lithuanian the only two surviving members of the Baltic branch. Indigenous minority languages are Latgalian and the nearly extinct Finno-Ugric Livonian language. In terms of geography, territory and population Latvia is the middle of three Baltic states: Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania. Latvia and Estonia share a long common history: historical Livonia, times of German (Teutonic Order), Polish-Lithuanian, Swedish, Russian, Nazi German and Soviet rule, 13th century Christianization and 16th century Protestant Reformation. Both countries are home to a large number of ethnic Russians (26.9% in Latvia and 25.5% in Estonia) of whom some are non-citizens. Latvia is historically predominantly Protestant, except for the region of Latgalia in the southeast which is historically predominantly Roman Catholic.
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Leirvík
Leirvík (Danish: Lervig) is a town on the Faroe Islands and was an important regional ferry harbour at the east coast of the second largest island Eysturoy. Leirvík has 867 inhabitants (December 31, 2002.)
It was the only town in the municipality of Leirvík (Leirvíkar kommuna), however on 1 January 2009, it merged with Gøtu kommuna to make the new municipality called Eysturkommuna.
Archaeological excavations have shown that the town was first settled the 9th century by the Vikings. It is said that all inhabitants died in 1349 because of the Black Death.
Apart from the important ferry connection to Klaksvík, Leirvík is also important for its fishing industry.
The Norðoyatunnilin, a submarine tunnel to Klaksvík was opened in April 2006.
Coordinates: 62°12′40″N 6°42′22″W / 62.21111°N 6.70611°W / 62.21111; -6.70611
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Lithuania
Lithuania (i/ˌlɪθuːˈeɪniə/ or /ˌlɪθjuːˈeɪniə/; Lithuanian: Lietuva), officially the Republic of Lithuania (Lithuanian: Lietuvos Respublika) is a country in Northern Europe, the largest of the three Baltic states. It is situated along the southeastern shore of the Baltic Sea, whereby to the west lie Sweden and Denmark. It borders Latvia to the north, Belarus to the east and south, Poland to the south, and a Russian exclave (Kaliningrad Oblast) to the southwest. Lithuania has an estimated population of 3.2 million as of 2011, and its capital and largest city is Vilnius. The Lithuanians are a Baltic people, and the official language, Lithuanian, is one of only two living languages (together with Latvian) in the Baltic branch of the Indo-European language family.
For centuries, the southeastern shore of the Baltic Sea was inhabited by various Baltic tribes. In the 1230s the Lithuanian lands were united by Mindaugas, who was crowned as King of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, the first Lithuanian state, on 6 July 1253. During the 14th century, the Grand Duchy of Lithuania was the largest country in Europe: present-day Belarus, Ukraine, and parts of Poland and Russia were territories of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania. With the Lublin Union of 1569, Lithuania and Poland formed a voluntary two-state union, the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth. The Commonwealth lasted more than two centuries, until neighboring countries systematically dismantled it from 1772 to 1795, with the Russian Empire annexing most of Lithuania's territory.
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Lítla Dímun
Lítla Dímun is a small island between the islands of Suðuroy and Stóra Dímun in the Faroe Islands. It is the smallest of the main 18 islands, being less than 100 hectares (250 acres) in area, and is the only uninhabited one. The island can be seen from the villages Hvalba and Sandvík. The name means "Little Dímun", in contrast to Stóra Dímun, "Great Dímun". According to the Faroese placename expert Jakobsen,[Full citation needed] "Dímun" may represent a pre-Norse, Celtic placename element, with di representing "two".
The southern third of the island is sheer cliff, with the rest rising to the mountain of Slættirnir, which reaches 414 metres (1,358 ft). The island is only inhabited by faroes sheep and seabirds. Getting ashore is difficult, and can be performed only in perfect weather. The cliffs can be climbed with the aid of ropes placed by the owners of the sheep.
The island has been identified as an Important Bird Area by BirdLife International because of its significance as a breeding site for seabirds, especially European Storm Petrels (5000 pairs) and Atlantic Puffins (10,000 pairs).
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Magnus Cathedral
Magnus Cathedral is a ruined cathedral in the village of Kirkjubøur on the island of Streymoy in the Faroe Islands. It was built in by Bishop Erlendur about the year 1300, but the building was never completed. The cathedral is to this day in an unfinished state; the building has never had a roof. Magnus Cathedral is the largest and most beautiful medieval building in the Faroe Islands.
Pictures of the ruins of the Magnus Cathedral featured on a series of Faroese stamps in 1988:
FR 169: The Cathedral. Note the lovely detail of ewe and lamb in the foreground.
FR 170: Detail of a gothic arc.
FR 171: The crucifixion on an indoor wall.
FR 172: Inside the ruins.
Coordinates: 61°57′21″N 6°47′36″W / 61.95583°N 6.79333°W / 61.95583; -6.79333
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Montserrat
Coordinates: 16°45′N 62°12′W / 16.75°N 62.2°W / 16.75; -62.2
Montserrat ( /mɒntsəˈræt/) is an island that is a British overseas territory located in the Leeward Islands, part of the chain of islands called the Lesser Antilles in the West Indies. This island measures approximately 16 km (9.9 mi) long and 11 km (6.8 mi) wide, giving 40 kilometres (25 mi) of coastline. Montserrat is nicknamed the Emerald Isle of the Caribbean both for its resemblance to coastal Ireland and for the Irish ancestry of some of its inhabitants.
Montserrat's Georgian era historic capital city of Plymouth was destroyed and two-thirds of the island's population was forced to flee because of an eruption of the previously dormant Soufriere Hills volcano that began on July 18, 1995. The eruption continues today on a much reduced scale, the damage being confined to the area around Plymouth, including its docking facilities, and also the area around the former W. H. Bramble Airport on the eastern side of the island, the remnants of which were buried by flows from volcanic activity on February 11, 2010.
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Mykines
Mykines (Danish: Myggenæs) is the westernmost of the 18 main islands of the Faroe Archipelago. It lies west of 7.5 degrees W, effectively putting it in the UTC-1 region. However, Mykines uses Greenwich Mean Time like the rest of the Faroes. The only settlement on the island is also called Mykines.
On the northern side of the island is the valley Korkadalur, where there are great columns of basalt, called the Stone-wood. To the west of Mykines is the 1 km long islet Mykineshólmur, with several sea stacks clustered at its western end, where a lighthouse was built in 1909. A 40 m long footbridge connects its eastern end with Mykines.
Mykines belongs to the oldest part of the Faroe Islands and was formed about 60 million years ago. The Faroese basalt is divided into three phases of eruption, the lower and oldest, the middle, and the upper and youngest; the lowest formed by the eruption of low-viscosity lava through long fissures, forming flat volcanoes. In the sound between Mykines and Mykineshólmur, Holmgjogv, one can see one of the most copious such flows on the Faroes, with a depth of about 50 m. The interspersed layers of softer volcanic tuff between the layers of basalt are differentially eroded, so forming, especially on the steep northern side of the islet, some of the richest bird cliffs in the world.
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NATO
Coordinates: 50°52′34.16″N 4°25′19.24″E / 50.8761556°N 4.4220111°E / 50.8761556; 4.4220111
The North Atlantic Treaty Organization or NATO ( /ˈneɪtoʊ/ NAY-toh; French: Organisation du traité de l'Atlantique Nord (OTAN)), also called the (North) Atlantic Alliance, is an intergovernmental military alliance based on the North Atlantic Treaty which was signed on 4 April 1949. The organization constitutes a system of collective defence whereby its member states agree to mutual defense in response to an attack by any external party. NATO's headquarters are in Brussels, Belgium, one of the 28 member states across North America and Europe, the newest of which, Albania and Croatia, joined in April 2009. An additional 22 countries participate in NATO's Partnership for Peace, with 15 other countries involved in institutionalized dialogue programs. The combined military spending of all NATO members constitutes over 70% of the world's defence spending.
For its first few years, NATO was not much more than a political association. However, the Korean War galvanized the member states, and an integrated military structure was built up under the direction of two U.S. supreme commanders. The course of the Cold War led to a rivalry with nations of the Warsaw Pact, which formed in 1955. The first NATO Secretary General, Lord Ismay, stated in 1949 that the organization's goal was "to keep the Russians out, the Americans in, and the Germans down." Doubts over the strength of the relationship between the European states and the United States ebbed and flowed, along with doubts over the credibility of the NATO defence against a prospective Soviet invasion—doubts that led to the development of the independent French nuclear deterrent and the withdrawal of the French from NATO's military structure in 1966.
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Nazi Germany
The Third Reich, also Nazi Germany, is the common name for Germany when it was a totalitarian state ruled by Adolf Hitler and the National Socialist German Workers' Party (NSDAP). On 30 January 1933 Hitler became chancellor of Germany, quickly eliminating all opposition to rule as sole leader. The state idolized Hitler as its Führer ("leader"), centralizing all power in his hands. Historians have emphasized the hypnotic effect of his rhetoric on large audiences, and of his eyes in small groups. Kessel writes, "Overwhelmingly...Germans speak with mystification of Hitler's 'hypnotic' appeal..." Under the "leader principle", the Führer's word was above all other laws. Top officials reported to Hitler and followed his policies, but they had considerable autonomy. The government was not a coordinated, cooperating body, but rather a collection of factions struggling to amass power and curry favor with the Führer. In the midst of the Great Depression, the Nazi government restored prosperity and ended mass unemployment using heavy military spending and a mixed economy of free-market and central-planning practices. Extensive public works were undertaken, including the construction of the Autobahns. The return to prosperity gave the regime enormous popularity; the suppression of all opposition made Hitler's rule mostly unchallenged.
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New Caledonia
Coordinates: 21°15′S 165°18′E / 21.25°S 165.30°E / -21.25; 165.30
New Caledonia (French: Nouvelle-Calédonie) is a special collectivity of France located in the southwest Pacific Ocean, 1,500 kilometres (930 mi) east of Australia and about 20,000 kilometres (12,000 mi) from Metropolitan France. The archipelago, part of the Melanesia subregion, includes the main island of Grande Terre, the Loyalty Islands, the Belep archipelago, the Isle of Pines and a few remote islets. The Chesterfield Islands in the Coral Sea are also part of New Caledonia. Locals refer to Grande Terre as "Le Caillou", the rock.
New Caledonia has a land area of 18,576 square kilometres (7,172 sq mi). The population (2011 estimate) is 256,275. The capital of the territory is Nouméa.
The earliest traces of human presence in New Caledonia date back to the Lapita period. The Lapita were highly skilled navigators and agriculturists with influence over a large area of the Pacific.
The British first sighted New Caledonia on September 4, 1774, during the second voyage of Captain James Cook. He named the territory New Caledonia, as the north-east of the island reminded him of Scotland. The west coast of Grande Terre was approached by Jean-François de Galaup, comte de Lapérouse in 1788, shortly before his disappearance, and the Loyalty Islands were first visited in 1796. From then until 1840, only a few sporadic contacts with the archipelago were recorded. Contacts became more frequent after 1840, because of the interest in sandalwood from New Caledonia.
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Nicobar Islands
The Nicobar Islands are an archipelagic island chain in the eastern Indian Ocean. They are located in Southeast Asia, 150 km north of Aceh on Sumatra, and separated from Thailand to the east by the Andaman Sea. Located 1,300 km southeast of the Indian subcontinent, across the Bay of Bengal, they form part of the Union Territory of Andaman and Nicobar Islands, India.
Northern Group:
Central Group:
Southern Group (Sambelong):
Indira Point (6°45’10″N and 93°49’36″E) is the southernmost point of the Great Nicobar Island and India itself, about 150 km north of Sumatra, Indonesia.
The Nicobar Islands are part of a great island arc created by the collision of the Indo-Australian Plate with Eurasia. The collision lifted the Himalayas and most of the Indonesian islands, and created a long arc of highlands and islands, which includes the Arakan Yoma range of Burma, the Andaman and Nicobar islands, and the islands off the west coast of Sumatra, including the Banyak Islands and Mentawai Islands.
The climate is warm and tropical, with temperatures ranging from 22 to 30°C. Rainfall is heavy due to annual monsoons and measures around 3000 to 3800 mm each year. The vegetation of the Nicobars is typically divided into the coastal mangrove forests and the interior evergreen and deciduous Tropical and subtropical moist broadleaf forests. Additionally, several islands contain extensive inland grasslands, though these are thought to result from human intervention.
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Nordic countries
The Nordic countries make up a region in Northern Europe and the North Atlantic which consists of Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Norway and Sweden and their associated territories, the Faroe Islands, Greenland and Åland. In English, Scandinavia is sometimes used as a synonym for the Nordic countries (but excluding Greenland), despite the fact that that word is most strictly defined to refer only to Denmark, Norway and Sweden.
The region's five nation-states and three autonomous regions share much common history as well as common traits in their respective societies, such as political systems and the Nordic model. Politically, Nordic countries do not form a separate entity, but they co-operate in the Nordic Council. The Nordic countries have a combined population of approximately 25 million spread over a land area of 3.5 million km² (Greenland accounts for around 60% of the total area).
Although the area is linguistically heterogeneous, with three unrelated language groups, the common linguistic heritage is one of the factors making up the Nordic identity. The continental Scandinavian languages – Danish, Norwegian and Swedish – are considered mutually intelligible. These languages are taught in school throughout the Nordic countries; Swedish, for example, is a mandatory subject in Finnish schools, whereas Danish is mandatory in Icelandic, Faroese and Greenlandic schools. For this reason, (continental) Scandinavian language is considered the lingua franca of all of the Nordic countries. Besides these and the insular North Germanic languages Faroese and Icelandic, all belonging to the Indo-European language group, there are the Finnic and Sami branches of the Uralic languages, spoken respectively in northern Norway, Sweden and Finland, and Greenlandic, an Eskimo–Aleut language, spoken in Greenland.
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North Rona
Rona (Scottish Gaelic: Rònaigh, pronounced [rˠɔːnaj]) is a remote Scottish island in the North Atlantic. Rona is often referred to as North Rona in order to distinguish it from South Rona (another small island, in the Inner Hebrides). It has an area of 109 hectares (270 acres) and a maximum height of 108 metres (354 ft)
The island lies 71 kilometres (44 mi) north north east of Butt of Lewis and 18 kilometres (11 mi) east of Sula Sgeir. More isolated than St Kilda, it is the remotest island in the British Isles to have ever been inhabited on a long-term basis. It is also the closest neighbour to the Faroe Islands. Due to the island's remote location and small area, it is omitted from many maps of the United Kingdom.
Rona is said to have been the residence of Saint Ronan in the eighth century. The island continued to be inhabited until the entire population of thirty died shortly after 1685 after an infestation by rats, probably the Black Rat Rattus rattus, which reached the island after a shipwreck. The rats raided the food stocks of barley meal and it is possible the inhabitants starved to death, although plague may have been a contributory factor. This occurred in a year in which it is reported that no further ships reached the isolated island to supply or trade. The rats themselves eventually starved to death, the huge swells the island experiences preventing their hunting along the rocky shores.
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Norway
Norwayi/ˈnɔrweɪ/ (Norwegian: Norge (Bokmål) or Noreg (Nynorsk)), officially the Kingdom of Norway, is a Nordic unitary constitutional monarchy whose territory comprises the western portion of the Scandinavian Peninsula, Jan Mayen, the Arctic archipelago of Svalbard and the subantarctic Bouvet Island. Norway has a total area of 385,252 square kilometres (148,747 sq mi) and a population of about 5 million. It is the second least densely populated country in Europe. The majority of the country shares a border to the east with Sweden; its northernmost region is bordered by Finland to the south and Russia to the east; in its south Norway borders the Skagerrak Strait across from Denmark. The capital city of Norway is Oslo. Norway's extensive coastline, facing the North Atlantic Ocean and the Barents Sea, is home to its famous fjords.
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Norwegian Sea
The Norwegian Sea (Norwegian: Norskehavet) is a marginal sea in the North Atlantic Ocean, northwest of Norway. It is located between the North Sea (i.e. north of Scotland) and the Greenland Sea and adjoins the North Atlantic Ocean to the west and the Barents Sea to the northeast. In the southwest, it is separated from the Atlantic Ocean by a submarine ridge running between Iceland and the Faroe Islands. To the North, the Jan Mayen Ridge separates it from the Greenland Sea.
Unlike many other seas, most of the bottom of the Norwegian Sea is not part of a continental shelf and therefore lies at a great depth of about two kilometres on average. Rich deposits of oil and natural gas are found under the sea bottom and are being explored commercially, in the areas with sea depths of up to about one kilometre. The coastal zones are rich in fish that visit the Norwegian Sea from the North Atlantic for spawning. The warm North Atlantic Current ensures relatively stable and high water temperatures, so that unlike the Arctic seas, the Norwegian Sea is ice-free throughout the year.
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Norðoyar
The six islands in the northeast of the Faroe Islands are together referred to as Norðoyar, i.e. the Northern Isles (Danish: Norderøerne). These Islands are Kalsoy, Kunoy, Borðoy, Viðoy, Svínoy and Fugloy. Klaksvík is regarded as the natural capital of this region. Norðoyar is sometimes spelled Norðoyggjar.
Coordinates: 62°16′55″N 6°32′35″W / 62.282°N 6.543°W / 62.282; -6.543
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Nólsoy
Nólsoy (Danish: Nolsø) is an island and village in central Faroe Islands, 4 km east of the capital Tórshavn in Streymoy.
Nólsoy is the lowest of the Faroes; the highest point is Eggjarklettur (371 m) on the mountain Høgoyggj. The southern coast contains two capes, each with a lighthouse (Øknastangi on the south-east, Borðan on the south). The lighthouses were built in the late 18th century to aid smugglers working against the unpopular trading monopoly imposed by Denmark.
There is only one settlement on the island, also called Nólsoy, on the north-west coast on the Stongin peninsula which is attached to the rest of the island by a metres-wide isthmus. The island is accessible by a 20 minute ferry journey from Tórshavn. As many as 40 people that live in Nólsoy go to work in Tórshavn each morning. In recent years many young families have moved from Tórshavn to Nólsoy where the houses are cheaper than in Tórshavn. This way it is possible to live ‘in the country’ and still be only 20 minutes from the capital.
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Orkney
Orkney (Scottish Gaelic: Arcaibh) also known as the Orkney Islands (and sometimes "the Orkneys", a name which locals disparage), is an archipelago in northern Scotland, 16 kilometres (10 mi) north of the coast of Caithness. Orkney comprises approximately 70 islands of which 20 are inhabited. The largest island, known as the "Mainland" has an area of 523.25 square kilometres (202.03 sq mi) making it the sixth largest Scottish island and the tenth-largest island in the British Isles. The largest settlement and administrative centre is Kirkwall.
The name "Orkney" dates back to the 1st century BC or earlier, and the islands have been inhabited for at least 8,500 years. Originally occupied by Mesolithic and Neolithic tribes and then by the Picts, Orkney was invaded and forcibly annexed by Norway in 875 and settled by the Norse. It was subsequently annexed to the Scottish Crown in 1472, following the failed payment of a dowry for James III's bride, Margaret of Denmark. Orkney contains some of the oldest and best-preserved Neolithic sites in Europe, and the "Heart of Neolithic Orkney" is a designated UNESCO World Heritage Site.
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Pitcairn Islands
The Pitcairn Islands ( /ˈpɪtkɛərn/;Pitkern: Pitkern Ailen), officially named the Pitcairn, Henderson, Ducie and Oeno Islands, form a group of four volcanic islands in the southern Pacific Ocean. The islands are a British Overseas Territory. The four islands—named Pitcairn, Henderson, Ducie, and Oeno—are spread over several hundred miles of ocean and have a total land area of about 18 square miles (47 km2). Only Pitcairn, the second largest and measuring about 2 miles (3.2 km) across, is inhabited.
The islands are best known as home of the descendants of the Bounty mutineers and the Tahitians (or Polynesians) who accompanied them, an event retold in numerous books and films. This history is still apparent in the surnames of many of the islanders. With only about 48 inhabitants (currently from four main families: Christian, Warren, Young, and Brown), Pitcairn is the least populous jurisdiction in the world. The United Nations Committee on Decolonisation includes the Pitcairn Islands on the United Nations list of Non-Self-Governing Territories.
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Porkeri
Porkeri is a village in the Faroe Islands, situated northeast of Vágur on Suðuroy's east coast. As of 2008 it had a population of 362, and it has been inhabited at least as early as the 14th century.
Porkeri Church is a black and white wooden church with grass roof. The church is from 1847 and contains things donated by seamen who survived lethal storms on the sea, maintaining the tradition of almissu (seamen in danger promised - according to Nordic tradition - to donate churches, the material or such to God if they got back home alive).
Near the school is a memorial of people who lost their lives at sea. The name of the dead are written with white letters on stone plates on the small piles which stand around the large pile in the middle. On the first stone starting from the left side of the memorial, near the road: 5 names, the first one was Joen Joensen á Gaddi, who was lost with the vessel Royndin Fríða in 1808 together with the famous Faroese hero Nólsoyar Páll (who is not mentioned here because he was not from Porkeri). Joen is the Danish form of the Faroese name Jógvan. In the 19th century and earlier peoples names were written in the Danish form. The second stone has 6 names. The third stone has 5 names. The fourth stone has 6 names. The fifth stone has 6 names (all 6 went drowned in 1910 with North Star (Norðstjørnan). The 6th stone has 5 names The 7th stone has 5 names. The 8th stone has 5 names (died from 1932 to 1938). The 9th stone has 8 names (all died in one boat accident in 1940 with Búgvin, age 17-44) The 10th stone has 6 names (died in 1941 and 1944) The 11th stone has 5 names (died in 1952 and 1953) The 12th stone has 3 names (died in 1956, 59 and 61) All together 65 names of men from Porkeri who lost their lives at sea (a few died on land by falling down from a cliff or due to the World War II).
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Runavík
Runavík is a comparatively urbanised village in the Faroe Islands. It lies on the south half of the isle of Eysturoy. The municipality of the same name incorporates 14 settlements including Æðuvík, Rituvík, Saltangará, Glyvrar, Lambi, Lambareiði, Søldarfjørður, Skipanes, Skáli, Skálafjørður, Funningsfjørður, Funningur, Elduvík and Oyndarfjørður which together form a long, narrow residential connurbation over 10 kilometre long following the east bank Skálafjørður (a fjord). As of 2010 the municipality had a total population of 3,797 inhabitants, a rise of over 100 in five years. This makes it the third largest town in the Faroe Islands.
Founded in 1916, Runavík has an important port, originally used predominantly by fishing boats but now also a key supply base for the North Sea oil industry as well as a trans-shipment port for freight to and from Europe. The harbor underwent development in the late 1990s.
A massive infrastructure project has been mooted to build an 11km-long sub-sea tunnel between Runavík and Tórshavn by 2016 thereby significantly reducing travel times to the capital. If built the tunnel would cost around 1 billion Danish Krone.[citation needed]
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Saint Barthélemy
Saint Barthélemy (French: Saint-Barthélemy, French pronunciation: [sɛ̃baʁtelemi]), officially the Territorial collectivity of Saint Barthélemy (French: Collectivité territoriale de Saint-Barthélemy), is an overseas collectivity of France. Often abbreviated to Saint-Barth in French, or St. Barts (also, St. Barth's) in English, the indigenous people called the island Ouanalao. The collectivity is one of four territories among the Leeward Islands in the northeastern Caribbean that comprise the French West Indies, along with Guadeloupe (200 km southeast), Martinique and Saint Martin. St. Barts lies c. 35 km southeast of Sint Maarten/Saint Martin, and north of St Kitts. Puerto Rico is 240 km to its west in the Lesser Antilles.
Saint Barthélemy, a volcanic island fully encircled by shallow reefs, has an area of 21 km² and a population of 8,823 (census 2008). Its capital is Gustavia, which also contains the main harbour to the island. It is the only Caribbean island which was a Swedish colony for any significant length of time; Guadeloupe was under Swedish rule only briefly, at the end of the Napoleonic Wars. Symbolism from the Swedish national arms, the Three Crowns, still appears in the island's coat of arms. The language, cuisine and culture, however, are distinctly French. The island is a popular tourist destination during the winter holiday season, especially the rich and famous during the Christmas and New Year period.
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Sandoy
Sandoy (Danish: Sandø) is the first of the five southern islands that make up the Faroe chain, the fifth biggest of all the Faroe Islands, an autonomous region of the Kingdom of Denmark. As of 2011[update], the largest population center on the island is the village of Sandur with a population of 599. Other settlements include Skarvanes, Skopun, Skálavík, Húsavík and Dalur.
There are similarly named islands, Sanday in the Orkney Islands, Sanday in the Inner Hebrides and Sandøy in Norway.
The island's surrounding bird cliffs and steep slopes have been identified as an Important Bird Area (IBA) by BirdLife International because of their significance as a breeding site for seabirds, especially Northern Fulmars (50,000 pairs), Manx Shearwaters (5000 pairs), European Storm Petrels (50,000 pairs), European Shags (150 pairs), Great Skuas (15 pairs]], Atlantic Puffins (70,000 pairs) and Black Guillemots (400 pairs). An additional IBA on the island comprises the lowland areas around the village of Sandur, with their moorland and peat bogs, and the lakes Gróthúsvatn, Lítlavatn, Sandsvatn and Stóravatn, because they support 100-150 breeding pairs of Whimbrels.
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Scotland
Scotland (Scottish Gaelic: Alba ([ˈalˠ̪apə] listen (help·info))) is a country that is part of the United Kingdom. Occupying the northern third of the island of Great Britain, it shares a border with England to the south and is bounded by the North Sea to the east, the Atlantic Ocean to the north and west, and the North Channel and Irish Sea to the southwest. In addition to the mainland, Scotland constitutes over 790 islands including the Northern Isles and the Hebrides.
Edinburgh, the country's capital and second largest city, is one of Europe's largest financial centres. Edinburgh was the hub of the Scottish Enlightenment of the 18th century, which transformed Scotland into one of the commercial, intellectual and industrial powerhouses of Europe. Glasgow, Scotland's largest city, was once one of the world's leading industrial cities and now lies at the centre of the Greater Glasgow conurbation. Scottish waters consist of a large sector of the North Atlantic and the North Sea, containing the largest oil reserves in the European Union. This has given Aberdeen, the third largest city in Scotland, the title of Europe's oil capital.
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Serampore
Serampore (Bengali: শ্রীরামপুর) (also called Serampur, Srirampur, Srirampore, Shreerampur, Shreerampore, Shrirampur, Shrirampore) is a city and a municipality in Hooghly district in the Indian state of West Bengal. It is a part of the area covered by Kolkata Metropolitan Development Authority. It is a pre-colonial town on the right bank of the Hoogli River. It was part of Danish India under the name Frederiksnagore from 1755 to 1845. Its current Municipality Chairman is Amiya Mukherjee.
Serampore has an average elevation of 17 m (56 ft).
The town is several centuries old and has witnessed both the growth and decline of the feudal system, the coming of the Danes and their settlement and then a cultural renaissance (known as the Bengal Renaissance) initiated by the British following the construction of the east Indian railway, along with subsequent industrial development.
There were three main phases in the process of urbanisation of Serampore:
Before the Mughal era, the region between the Saraswati and Hoogli rivers was a thriving local community. Various ruins of Hindu temples are still found in Serampore, such as:
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Shetland
Coordinates: 60°18′14″N 1°16′08″W / 60.3038°N 1.2689°W / 60.3038; -1.2689 Shetland (/ˈʃɛtlənd/) (from Middle Scots Ȝetland) is a subarctic archipelago of Scotland that lies north and east of mainland Great Britain. The islands lie some 80 km (50 mi) to the northeast of Orkney and 280 km (170 mi) southeast of the Faroe Islands and form part of the division between the Atlantic Ocean to the west and the North Sea to the east. The total area is 1,468 km2 (567 sq mi) and the population totalled 22,210 in 2009. Comprising the Shetland constituency of the Scottish Parliament, Shetland is also one of the 32 council areas of Scotland; the islands' administrative centre and only burgh is Lerwick.
The largest island, known simply as "Mainland", has an area of 967 km2 (373 sq mi), making it the third-largest Scottish island and the fifth-largest of the British Isles. There are an additional 15 inhabited islands. The archipelago has an oceanic climate, a complex geology, a rugged coastline and many low, rolling hills.
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Skipanes
Skipanes is a village on the Faeroese island Eysturoy in the Runavíkar municipality. The 2005 population was 59. Its postal code is FO-665. Skipanes was founded in 1841.
It is home to Terji Skibenæs, the guitarist of the Faeroese Viking Metal group Týr.
Coordinates: 62°10′N 6°45′W / 62.167°N 6.75°W / 62.167; -6.75
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Skopun
Skopun (pronounced [skopn]) is a town in the Faroe Islands situated on the northern coast of Sandoy (Sand Island). Skopun is the second largest town on the island. Skopunar kommuna, the Municipality of Skopun, consists only of the town of Skopun.
Although the area has been inhabited since the Middle Ages, Skopun was not founded until 1833. The people of Skopun did not possess any land. They subsisted on fishing so the houses are close to the water.
In 1897, Skopun's church was constructed out of timber taken from the old church of Vestmanna. The Faroe Islands' first road was built on Sandoy in 1917, as part of a government-financed plan to improve the island's non-existent harbour facilities. It connects Skopun with Sandur, the island's main town. Skopun's harbor was built in 1926 and later extended. In 1982, the harbor was furnished with a gate which protects the dock from the sea. A 1988 hurricane destroyed the town's small forest.
A car ferry used to connect Skopun with the capital, Tórshavn. Today, the ferry goes to the newly constructed port of Gamlarætt, located on the south coast of Streymoy.
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Skálavík
Skálavík, Skaalevig, Skalevig, Skålevig, is a village and municipality on the eastern coast of the Faroese island Sandoy. The village's stone church was built in 1891. The famous Faroese writers Heðin Brú (1901–1987) and Kristian Osvald Viderø (1906–1988) were both born in Skálavík.
In late January 2008 Skálavík was hit by a strong hurricane. The port was destroyed, along with many boats and houses. The damage was so great that emergency aid was provided from Iceland.
Heðin Brú (Hans Jacob Jacobsen) memorial bust.
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Skúvoy
Skúvoy (Danish: Skuø) is an island in central Faroe Islands, located to the south of Sandoy. It is named after the large number of skua present on the island (who have a habit of attacking intruders). There is only one settlement on the island: Skúvoy on the east coast. There are two mountains: Knúkur (392 m) and Heyggjurin Mikli (391 m).
The Black Death in the 14th century killed all the inhabitants except one woman; her cottage can still be seen. Skúvoy was also the home of Sigmundur Brestisson, the hero of the Færeyinga Saga (Saga of the Faroese).
There are 300–400 m cliffs along the west coast, which are home to many guillemots. Egg harvesting takes place in early June, though this occurs in the first week only so as to allow the guillemots to lay again. The island has been identified as an Important Bird Area by BirdLife International because of its significance as a breeding site for seabirds, especially Northern Fulmars (50,000 pairs), Manx Shearwaters (10,000 pairs), European Storm Petrels (20,000 pairs), Great Skuas (25 pairs]], Atlantic Puffins (40,000 pairs), Common Guillemots (135,000 pairs) and Black Guillemots (150 pairs), as well as 40 breeding pairs of Whimbrels.
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Streymoy
Streymoy (Danish: Strømø) is the largest and most populated island of the Faroe Islands. The capital, Tórshavn is located there. The name means "island of currents".
The island is oblong in shape and stretches roughly in Northwest-Southeast direction with a length of 47 kilometres (29 mi) and a width of around 10 kilometres (6.2 mi). There are two deeply indented fjords in the Southeast: Kollafjørður and Kaldbaksfjørður. The island is mountainous, especially in the Northwest, with the highest peak Kopsenni (789 metres (2,589 ft)). That area is dominated by over 500-metre high cliffs. The area is known as Vestmannabjørgini, which means Cliffs of Vestmanna.
Like the rest of the Faroe Islands there are numerous short streams and minor lakes. The main vegetation is grass, with no trees. Some of the villages have planted trees inside or just outside the village. These parks need to have fence around them in order to keep sheep out.
Streymoy is separated from the nearby Eysturoy, second largest island of the Faroe Islands by the narrow sound of Sundini in the east. To the West lies the island of Vágar, and to the South the island of Sandoy. Three additional smaller islands are situated around the Southern tip of Streymoy: Koltur, Hestur and Nólsoy.
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Stóra Dímun
Stóra Dímun is an island in the southern Faroe Islands, sometimes only referred to as Dímun. The island is accessible from sea only during periods of clear and calm weather, but regular helicopter service is available twice a week through the whole year.
Before 1920 the ruins of an old church were present, but these are no longer existent. There are two peaks on Stóra Dímun: Høgoyggj (396 m) and Klettarnir (308 m). The island was once home to many families from the 13th century onward, but now only two families of ten people make their home on the island.
The name 'Stóra Dímun' means 'Great Dimun', in contrast to 'Lítla Dímun' or 'Little Dimun'. According to the Faroese placename expert Jakobsen, 'Dimun' may represent a pre-Norse, Celtic placename element, with 'di' representing 'two'.
The island has been identified as an Important Bird Area by BirdLife International because of its significance as a breeding site for seabirds, especially European Storm Petrels (15,000 pairs), Atlantic Puffins (40,000 pairs) and Black Guillemots (50 pairs).
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Suðuroy
Suðuroy (literally South Island, Danish: Suderø) is the southernmost of the Faroe Islands. The island covers 163.7 km². In 2010 there were 4763 inhabitants, but there has been a gradual decline in the population numbers ever since the 1950s.
These are the settlements of Suðuroy (listed from north to south): Sandvík (re-established as a settlement in the early 19th century) Hvalba, Froðba, Tvøroyri, Trongisvágur, Øravík, Fámjin, Hov, Porkeri, Vágur, Fámara (re-established in 2010), Akrar, Lopra and Sumba.
One ancient settlement Víkarbyrgi was abandoned late in the 1990s. Another settlement Akraberg was abandoned around 1350 because of the black death, the people who lived there at that time came from Friesland, and legend has it that people in Hørg (in Sumba) can trace their ancestry back to this settlement, which was situated on the southernmost point of the island.
Two more settlement were started in early and mid 20th century: Botni north west of Vágur and Tjaldavík in a bay south east of Øravík, but both have been abandoned again.
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Svínoy
Svínoy (Danish: Svinø) is an island located in the north-east of the Faroe Islands, to the east of Borðoy and Viðoy. It takes its name from Old Norse, Svíney, meaning "Swine Isle". Svinoy also refers to a section of the ocean where North Atlantic water flows into the Norwegian Sea. There is a similarly named island, Swona, in the Orkney Islands.
Svínoy is divided into two unequally sized peninsulas. The coast is mostly steep slopes and cliffs, including the 345 m precipice of Eysturhøvdi on the north coast. It has only one settlement, also named Svínoy, where all the inhabitants live.
The coastline of the island has been identified as an Important Bird Area by BirdLife International because of its significance as a breeding site for seabirds, especially European Storm Petrels (25,000 pairs), Atlantic Puffins (10,000 pairs) and Black Guillemots (100 pairs).
There are seven mountains on Svínoy:
Svínoy village
Svínoy
The coast of Svínoy
Svínoy in 1899
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Sweden
Sweden (i/ˈswiːdən/ SWEE-dən; Swedish: Sverige [ˈsværjɛ] ( listen)), officially the Kingdom of Sweden (Swedish: Konungariket Sverige (help·info)), is a Nordic country on the Scandinavian Peninsula in Northern Europe. Sweden borders with Norway and Finland, and is connected to Denmark by a bridge-tunnel across the Øresund.
At 450,295 square kilometres (173,860 sq mi), Sweden is the third largest country in the European Union by area, with a total population of about 9.4 million. Sweden has a low population density of 21 inhabitants per square kilometre (54 /sq mi) with the population mostly concentrated to the southern half of the country. About 85% of the population live in urban areas. Sweden's capital city is Stockholm, which is also the largest city.
Sweden emerged as an independent and unified country during the Middle Ages. In the 17th century, the country expanded its territories to form the Swedish Empire. The empire grew to be one of the great powers of Europe in the 17th and early 18th century. Most of the conquered territories outside the Scandinavian Peninsula were lost during the 18th and 19th centuries. The eastern half of Sweden, present-day Finland, was lost to Russia in 1809. The last war in which Sweden was directly involved was in 1814, when Sweden by military means forced Norway into a personal union. Since then, Sweden has been at peace, practicing "non-participation in military alliances during peacetime and neutrality during wartime". However, Sweden has been a member of the European Union since 1 January 1995 and is a member of the OECD.
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Syðrugøta
Syðrugøta is a village on southwest of the Faroese island of Eysturoy in the municipality of Gøta. The 2005 population was 410. Its postal code is FO 513. The famous Faroese singer Eivør Pálsdóttir was born here in 1983. Also Tróndur í Gøtu the most famous Viking in Faroese history is said to have lived in the village. Many Many stories and facts back up that claim.[citation needed] Several excavations have shown that Syðrugøta is one of the oldest settlements in the Faroe Islands. During many excavations and the latest one in 2006, remains from the first settlements were found. Many believe that the great Viking, Tróndur í Gøtu lived and had his headquarter in Syðrugøtu, among many reasons why, is because of the good view he would have had out to the horizon and the short distance to his fleet, stationed Undir Gøtueiði. There are still many unexcavated ruins of centuries old farmhouses buried in the ground in Syðrugøtu.
Coordinates: 62°11′10″N 6°45′22″W / 62.186°N 6.756°W / 62.186; -6.756
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Sørvágur
Sørvágur is a village on the island of Vágoy in the Faroe Islands. It is located at the landward end of Sørvágsfjørður. Sørvágur is the largest village in the municipality of Sørvágs Kommuna.
The name Sørvágur translates to "The Bay of Sør". While the first half of the name makes sense given the fact that the village is located at a bay, the second half is more mysterious. Legend has it that the first man to settle at this place was called 'Sørli' and hence the village was named in honour of him. Another explanation on the origin of 'Sør' comes from the old-Norse 'Seyr' which is a word for sand (seyr is also a word for foggy rain). Sørvágur has quite a large sandbeach in comparison with other Faroese villages and towns, and therefore it was speculated that the original name of Sørvágur was Seyrvágur, and during the course of time, Seyrvágur became Sørvágur. During the first half of the 20th century local people in Sørvágur tried to correct this historical injustice and used the name Seyrvágur instead of Sørvágur. However, this trend died out again. One reason may be that there is no proof in the Faroese historical records that justifies the name Seyrvágur.
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Tharangambadi
Tharangambadi (formerly Tranquebar) is a panchayat town in Nagapattinam district in the Indian state of Tamil Nadu, 15 km north of Karaikal, near the mouth of a distributary of the Kaveri River. Tharangambadi is the headquarters of Tharangambadi taluk. Its name means "place of the singing waves". It was a Danish colony from 1620 to 1845, and in Danish it is still known as Trankebar.
Tharangambadi is located at 11°02′N 79°50′E / 11.03°N 79.84°E / 11.03; 79.84.
The earliest reference to Tarangampadi occurs in a 14th century inscription, mentioning the place as Sadanganpade. Tranquebar was founded by the Danish East India Company in 1620, when a factory (commercial settlement) was opened and a fort, known as Fort Dansborg, was built by a Danish captain named Ove Gjedde. This fort was the residence and headquarters of the governor and other officials for about 150 years. It is now a museum hosting a collection of artifacts from the colonial era.
Among the first Protestant missionaries to set foot in India were two Lutherans from Germany, Bartholomäus Ziegenbalg and Heinrich Pluetschau, who began work in 1705 in the Danish settlement of Tranquebar. They translated the Bible into the local Tamil language, and afterwards into Hindustani. They also established a printing press, which within a hundred years of its establishment in 1712 had printed 300 books in Tamil. At first they only made little progress in their religious efforts, but gradually the mission spread to Madras, Cuddalore and Tanjore. Today bishop of Tranquebar is the official title of a bishop in the Tamil Evangelical Lutheran Church (TELC) in South India which was founded in 1919 as a result of the German Lutheran Leipzig Mission and Church of Sweden Mission. The seat of the Bishop, the Cathedral and its Church House ("Tranquebar House") is in Tiruchirappalli.
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Tierra del Fuego
Tierra del Fuego ( /tiːˈɛərə dɛl ˈfweɪɡoʊ/, Spanish: [ˈtjera ðel ˈfweɣo]; Spanish for "Fireland" or "Land of Fire") is an archipelago off the southernmost tip of the South American mainland, across the Strait of Magellan. The archipelago consists of a main island Isla Grande de Tierra del Fuego divided between Chile and Argentina with an area of 48,100 km2 (18,572 sq mi), and a group of smaller islands including Cape Horn. Initially discovered by Ferdinand Magellan's expedition in 1520, the islands were not settled by people of European descent until the second half of the 19th century at the height of the sheep farming and gold rush booms. Today's economic activity in the northern part of Tierra del Fuego is dominated by petroleum extraction while in the south tourism, manufacturing and Antarctic logistics are important. The numbers of the native Selk'nam and Yaghans were greatly reduced by introduced diseases and by unequal conflicts with settlers. Today the Selk'nam are practically extinct as a distinct people, with all of their very few descendants being mestizos and their language extinct. Some of the few remaining Yaghans have settled in Villa Ukika in Navarino Island, others have scattered across Chile and Argentina. Tierra del Fuego hosts large areas protected as national parks and reserves, most of them in the mountainous south.
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Tinganes
Coordinates: 62°00′32″N 6°46′12″W / 62.009°N 6.770°W / 62.009; -6.770
Tinganes is the historic location of the Faroese landsstýri (government), and is a part of Tórshavn. The name means "parliament jetty" or "parliament point" in Faroese.
The parliament met here for the first time in the Viking ages when Norwegian colonists placed their Ting (parliament) here in 825. It is one of the oldest parliamentary meeting places in the world, along with Tynwald hill in the Isle of Man and Þingvellir in Iceland. The Løgting has since moved to the north of the city, but the home-rule government still sits here.
The building on the outermost point on the small peninsula Skansapakkhusið, currently the government's main building. The small main street on the peninsula is called Gongin and is home to the oldest parts of the city. Many of the houses on Tinganes were built in the 16th and 17th centuries and are still in use today.
The peninsula divides the Tórshavn harbour in two parts, Eystaravág and Vesteravág.
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Tvøroyri
Tvøroyri (Danish: Tværå) lies picturesquely on the north side of the Trongisvágsfjørður (fjord) on the east coast of Suðuroy, Faroe Islands.
The ferry Smyril M/F has 2-3 daily departures from Tórshavn, it calls at Krambatangi ferry port, which is located on the opposite side of the inlet. The trip from Tórshavn to Tvøroyri takes 2 hours. The ferry is large, it takes 200 cars and 975 persons, and if the weather is nice the trip is beautiful and one can see many islands during the trip. It is possible to go by bus from the harbour of Krambatangi to Tvøroyri and all other villages on the island. There are two buss lines: 700 goes to the southern part of the island with Sumba as its end station, 701 goes to the northern part of the island, the end stations are in Sandvík, the northernmost village, and in Fámjin, which is on the west coast, a bit further south of Krambatangi ferry port is a small village which is called Øravík, the road to Fámjin starts there.
The church in Tvøroyri rises high above the village and can be seen from far away. It was constructed in Norway as a building set, moved to Tvøroyri and then built here in 1907, ready to use in 1908. The old church was moved to Sandvík.
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Tórshavn
Tórshavn (IPA: [ˈtʰɔuʂhaun]; Danish: Thorshavn) is the capital and largest town of the Faroe Islands. It is located in the southern part on the east coast of Streymoy. To the north west of the town lies the 347-metre (1,138 ft) high mountain Húsareyn, and to the southwest, the 350-metre (1,150 ft) high Kirkjubøreyn. The city proper has a population of 13,000 (2008), and the greater urban area a population of 19,000.
The Vikings established their parliament on the Tinganes peninsula in 850 CE, thus Tórshavn was made capital of Faroe Islands and has remained so ever since. All through the Middle Ages the narrow peninsula jutting out into the sea made up the main part of Tórshavn. Sources do not mention a built-up area in Tórshavn until after the Protestant Reformation in 1539. Early on, Tórshavn became the center of the monopoly trade, thereby being the only legal place for the islanders to sell and buy goods. In 1856, the trade monopoly was abolished and the islands were left open to free trade. The town has grown rapidly ever since the turn of the 20th century into the undisputed administrative, economic and cultural center of the Faroes.
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Tórshavn Cathedral
Tórshavn Cathedral (in Faroese: Havnar Kirkja, or Dómkirkjan) is the second oldest received church of the Faroe Islands, on Tinganes in the old town of Tórshavn. Painted white, and roofed with slate, it was established in 1788. The cathedral church lies in the north of the peninsula Tinganes and is one of the main attractions of the town. Like most churches of the country it belongs to the Evangelical-Lutheran national church of the Faroe Islands. Since 1990 it has been the seat of the bishop of the Faroes and is therefore known as a cathedral.
The early history of the church is quite complicated. To all appearances there was no church in the strict sense in Tórshavn in the Middle Ages, only perhaps a "prayer house". It has been suggested that services were held in the Munkastovan in Tinganes. It was only in 1609, that a proper church, built on a stony hill, known as "úti á Reyni" was built on Tinganes, when King Christian IV directed the Lord Lieutenant at Bergenshus "to bestow upon the Faroese people some timber for the construction of their church...". In 1780 Rasmus Jørgen Winther became minister in Tórshavn and in 1782 seized the initiative to build a new church. However it was only in 1788 that Johannes Poulsen, to the building master in Torshavn. The church of Christian IV was demolished in 1798 following the consecration of the new church, and the timber was sold at an auction. Part of the furniture was transferred to the new church. In 1788 the population of Torshavn numbered approx. 600 people and in 1865 approx. 900 people.
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Ulster Museum
Coordinates: 54°34′55″N 5°56′06″W / 54.582°N 5.935°W / 54.582; -5.935
The Ulster Museum, located in the Botanic Gardens in Belfast, has around 8,000 square metres of public display space, featuring material from the collections of fine art and applied art, archaeology, ethnography, treasures from the Spanish Armada, local history, numismatics, industrial archaeology, botany, zoology and geology. It is the largest museum in Northern Ireland, and one of the components of National Museums Northern Ireland.
The Ulster Museum was closed for nearly three years (2006 to October 2009) while it was under renovation. It re-opened to the public on 22 October 2009, on its 80th anniversary. The renovation work was supported by the National Lottery and the Northern Ireland Executive's Department of Culture, Arts and Leisure.
The Ulster Museum was founded as the Belfast Natural History Society in 1821 and began exhibiting in 1833. It has included an art gallery since 1890. Originally called the Belfast Municipal Museum and Art Gallery, in 1929, it moved to its present location in Stranmillis. The new building was designed by James Cumming Wynne.
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United Kingdom
The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (commonly known as the United Kingdom, the UK, or Britain) is a sovereign state located off the north-western coast of continental Europe. The country includes the island of Great Britain, the north-eastern part of the island of Ireland and many smaller islands. Northern Ireland is the only part of the UK that shares a land border with another sovereign state—the Republic of Ireland. Apart from this land border the UK is surrounded by the Atlantic Ocean, the North Sea, the English Channel and the Irish Sea.
The United Kingdom is a unitary state governed under a constitutional monarchy and a parliamentary system, with its seat of government in the capital city of London. It is a country in its own right and consists of four countries: England, Northern Ireland, Scotland and Wales. There are three devolved administrations, each with varying powers, based in Belfast, Edinburgh and Cardiff, the capitals of Northern Ireland, Scotland, and Wales. Associated with the UK, but not constitutionally part of it, are three Crown Dependencies. The United Kingdom has fourteen overseas territories. These are remnants of the British Empire which, at its height in 1922, encompassed almost a quarter of the world's land surface and was the largest empire in history. British influence can still be observed in the language, culture and legal systems of many of its former territories.
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Vestmanna
Vestmanna (Danish: Vestmannahavn) is a town in the Faroe Islands on the west of the island of Streymoy. It was formerly a ferry port, until an undersea tunnel was built from Vágar to Kvívík and Stykkið. The cliffs west of Vestmanna, Vestmannabjørgini are very popular for excursions by boat.
A 'Vestmann' was a "Westman", or Gael in Old Norse.
The original name was Vestmannahavn, i.e. "West-men's/Irish-men's harbour".
In December 1759, during the Seven Year's War, François Thurot's squadron sheltered from stormy conditions at Vestmanna. The lack of supplies available from the islanders motivated the subsequent raids by the squadron on the north Irish coast.
It is surrounded by the mountains of Hægstafjall (296 m/971 ft), Økslin (317 m/1,040 ft), Loysingafjall (639 m/2,096 ft), Moskurfjall (624 m/2,047 ft).
Vestmanna is often called the tourist village on the Faroe Islands. The main tourist attraction is Vestmannabjørgini. In 2012 a camping site was established at Inni á Fjørð with a capacity of 120 caravans in additon to tents.
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Viðareiði
Viðareiði (pronounced [ˈviːjaɹaijɪ], literally: Wood-Isthmus, Danish: Viderejde) is the northernmost settlement in the Faroe Islands and lies on the Island of Viðoy, which belongs to the Norðoyar Region. It lies on an isthmus with high mountains to both the north and south.
The community is linked overland by a dam and tunnel system to the regional center of Klaksvík on Borðoy. The road to Viðareiði goes along the west coast of Viðoy, through the town, and then along the island's east coast to the uninhabited Miðdalur Valley with its typical small waterfall.
To the north, Mount Villingdalsfjall rises over 844 meters (2,769 ft) from the water. It is the highest mountain in the North Islands and the third-largest in the entire Faroese archipelago. The north coast is marked by Cape Enniberg, the second highest sea cliff in Europe at 754 meters (2,474 ft). Looking to the west from Viðareiði, one has a view of the mighty northern peaks of Borðoy and Kunoy. Turning around, one can see through the crag and tails of the isthmus to the eastern Island of Fugloy. Finally, to the south of the town, the 751 meters (2,464 ft) high cone-shaped mountain of Malinsfjall can be seen during good weather. Viðareiði is a departure point for a vast area of hiking. In the community, there is not only a small grocery store, but also the Hotel Norð with its restaurant that serves traditional cuisine.
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Viðoy
Viðoy (Danish: Viderø) is the northern-most island in the Faroe Islands, located east of Borðoy to which it is linked via a causeway. The name means wood island, despite the fact that no trees grow on the island: the name relates to the driftwood that floats in from Siberia and North America.
The island has two settlements: Hvannasund on the south-west coast and Viðareiði on the north-west coast, the northernmost settlement in the Faroes. A road along the west coast of the island connects the two. The island is connected by a road causeway to Norðdepil on Borðoy and a bus service from Klaksvík runs across the causeway to the island.
The island’s northern and eastern coast has been identified as an Important Bird Area by BirdLife International because of its significance as a breeding site for seabirds, especially European Storm Petrels (500 pairs), Black-legged Kittiwakes (5300 pairs), Atlantic Puffins (25,000 pairs), Common Guillemots (6700 individuals) and Black Guillemots (200 pairs).
Viðoy has eleven mountains of which Villingadalsfjall is the northern-most peak in the Faroes. The north coast also has the Enniberg cliff, which at 750 m is the second highest sea-cliff in Europe (after Hornelen, in Norway). The mountains are shown with their overall rank in the Faroe Islands:
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Vágar
Vágar (Danish: Vågø) is one of the 18 islands in the archipelago of the Faroe Islands and the most westerly of the large islands. With a size of 178 km² (about 70 sq. miles), it ranks number three, behind Streymoy and Eysturoy.
The shape of the island is very distinct, since it resembles a dog's head. Sørvágsfjørður is the mouth and Fjallavatn is the eye.
Vágar is the first port of call for most foreigners travelling to the Faroe Islands, as it is home to the islands’ only airport, Vágar Airport. An airfield was built there during World War II by the British, who occupied the Faroe Islands in a friendly manner. After the war it lay unused for about 20 years, but was then put back into service and expanded/modernised as required. It handles about 170,000 passengers a year. Such large numbers by Faroese standards put a considerable strain on transport facilities, with the result that a road tunnel (Vágatunnilin) measuring 5 km in length and running under the sea now connects Vágar with the two largest islands in the Faroes and therefore the capital Tórshavn.
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Wallis and Futuna
Wallis and Futuna, officially the Territory of the Wallis and Futuna Islands (French: Wallis et Futuna or Territoire des îles Wallis et Futuna, Fakauvea and Fakafutuna: Uvea mo Futuna), is a Polynesian French island territory in the South Pacific between Tuvalu to the northwest, Rotuma of Fiji to the west, the main part of Fiji to the southwest, Tonga to the southeast, Samoa to the east, the New Zealand-associated state of Tokelau to the northeast and to a more distant north the Phoenix Islands (Kiribati). (However, Wallis and Futuna is not part of, nor even contiguous with, French Polynesia. Wallis and Futuna is located at the very opposite western end of Polynesia.)
Its land area is 264 km2 with a population of about 15,000. Mata-Utu is the capital and biggest city. The territory is made up of three main volcanic tropical islands along with a number of tiny islets, and is split into two island groups that lie about 260 km apart, namely Wallis Islands (Uvea) in the northeast, and Hoorn Islands (also called the Futuna Islands) in the southwest, including Futuna Island proper and the mostly uninhabited Alofi Island.
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Western Norway
Western Norway (Norwegian: Vestlandet, Vest-Norge, Vest-Noreg) is the region along the Atlantic coast of southern Norway. It consists of the counties Rogaland, Hordaland, Sogn og Fjordane, and Møre og Romsdal and the region has a population of approximately 1.3 million people. The largest city is Bergen, second largest is Stavanger. Agder, Vest-Telemark, Hallingdal, Valdres and northern parts of Gudbrandsdal were during some periods included in the notion Western Norway.
The area shares a common history with Denmark, the Faroe Islands and Iceland and to a lesser extent the Netherlands, Scotland and England. For example, the Icelandic horse is a close relative of the Fjord horse and the Faroese language may resemble a West Norwegian dialect.
Western Norway has also had a large emigration to the United States, Canada, Iceland, the Faroe Islands and the United Kingdom. This applies particularly the states of Minnesota, Wisconsin, North Dakota and South Dakota. The Icelandic and Faroese people, and many people in the British Isles, are descendants of Norsemen and Vikings who emigrated from Western Norway during the Viking Age. On the other hand, thousands of Western Norwegians are descendants of Dutch and German traders who arrived in the 16th and the 17th centuries, especially in Bergen.
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Westray
Westray is one of the Orkney Islands in Scotland, with a population of around 550 people. Its main village is Pierowall, with a heritage centre, the ruined Lady Kirk and ferries to Papa Westray.
With an area of 18.2 square miles (47 km2), it is the sixth largest of the Orkney Islands. The underlying geology is Rousay type Middle Old Red Sandstone, the flagstones of which make excellent building materials. There is very little peat and the soil is noted for its fertility.
At the time of the earliest known settlements, c. 3500 BC, in Westray and neighbouring Papa Westray, it is believed that the two islands were joined. A Neolithic and Bronze Age site at the Links of Noltland is in the care of Historic Scotland.Collins Encyclopedia of Scotland says that "A larger settlement at Noltland on Westray is less well preserved" than the one on neighbouring Papa Westray. The Westray Wife is a 4 cm carved Neolithic figurine discovered there during a dig there in the summer of 2009. It is the only Neolithic carving of a human form archaeologists have found in Scotland to date, and is the earliest depiction of a face found in the United Kingdom. In 2010 some local businesses reported a 45% increase in turnover since the discovery of the figurine.
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Åland Islands
The Åland Islands (Swedish pronunciation: [ˈoːland], Finnish: Ahvenanmaa) form an archipelago in the Baltic Sea. They are situated at the entrance to the Gulf of Bothnia and form an autonomous, demilitarised, monolingually Swedish-speaking region of Finland. The islands collectively constitute the smallest region of Finland, with only 0.49% of its land area, and 0.50% of its population.
Åland comprises Fasta Åland (the "Main Island," with 90% of the population), together with an archipelago to the east that comprises over 6,500 skerries and islands. Fasta Åland is separated from the coast of Sweden by 38 kilometres (24 mi) of open water to the west. In the east, the Åland archipelago is contiguous with the Finnish Archipelago Sea. Åland's only land border is located on the uninhabited skerry of Märket, which it shares with Sweden.
Because of the autonomous status of the Åland Islands, the powers exercised at the provincial level by representatives of the central state administration in the rest of Finland are largely exercised by the Government of Åland in Åland.
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Île Amsterdam
Île Amsterdam (French pronunciation: [ilamstəʁˈdam], also known as Amsterdam Island, New Amsterdam, or Nouvelle Amsterdam, is an island named after the city of Amsterdam in the Netherlands. It lies in the southern Indian Ocean. It is part of the French Southern and Antarctic Lands and, together with neighbouring Île Saint-Paul 85 km/53 mi to the south, forms one of the five districts of the territory. Its base, the Martin-de-Viviès research station, first called Camp Heurtin, then La Roche Godon, and the only settlement on the island, is the capital of the territory and is home to about 30 (non-permanent) inhabitants involved in biological, meteorological and geomagnetic studies.
Île Amsterdam is one of only three land antipodes of the continental United States. It corresponds to an area about 20 miles (32 km) southeast of Lamar, Colorado (the other two land antipodes of the US are île Saint-Paul and the Kerguelen Islands).
The island was discovered by the Basque Spanish explorer Juan Sebastián Elcano on 18 March 1522, in the course of his voyage of global circumnavigation. However, he did not name the island. Having found the island unnamed, Dutch captain Anthonie van Diemen named it Nieuw Amsterdam after his ship on 17 June 1633. The first recorded landing was made in December 1696 by Dutchman Willem de Vlamingh.
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Anker Eli Petersen
Anker Eli Petersen (born 7 June 1959 in Tvøroyri) is a Faroese writer and artist.
He is most known for his many Faroe Islands postage stamp designs under the name Anker Eli. Many of his stamps depict scenes from Norse mythology, Christianity, or interpretations of other Faroese authors or poets. He is also designing the Postverk Føroya web site, that will become a portal about the Faroes, and has illustrated many books.
As a writer, he translates texts from Old Norse, and writes children's carols and lyrics for Faroese singers.
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Brandur Enni
Brandur Helgason Enni (born 15 April 1989 in Tvøroyri, Faroe Islands), is a singer and songwriter, he also plays guitar, trumpet, piano and flugelhorn. In August 2006 Brandur moved to Sweden, where he studied music for two years at the Music Production Academy "Musikmakarna". Brandur's brother Tróndur Enni is also a singer and songwriter and plays several instruments; he is well known in the Faroe Islands and sometimes performs with Frændur singer Eyðun Nolsøe. At the Midsummer Festival in Tvøroyri, the two brothers Brandur and Tróndur performed together on stage along with other Faroese musicians.
Brandur Enni's musical career started early; he was singing on two albums in 1998 and 2000. He released his debut album Waiting in the Moonlight in 2002, when he was only 12 years old. Brandur gained popularity in the Faroe Islands, Denmark and in Iceland, and later he became a well known name in Sweden and other countries as well, especially after participating in the "Melodifestival 2008" in Sweden, which is held every year in order to find the best candidate for the Eurovision Song Contest. Brandur Enni was singing a ballad called "Lullaby"; he became number 7 at the semifinal and didn't make it to the final round. It was Charlotte Perelli who won the Swedish contest and represented Sweden in the Eurovision Song Contest 2008 in Belgrade in Serbia. Perrelli became number 18 with her song "Hero".
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British people
British people (also referred to as the British, Britons, or informally as Brits or Britishers) are citizens or natives of the United Kingdom, of the Isle of Man, of any of the Channel Islands, or of any of the British overseas territories, and their descendants.British nationality law governs modern British citizenship and nationality, which can be acquired, for instance, by birth in the UK or by descent from British nationals. When used in a historical context, the term British people refers to the ancient Britons, the indigenous inhabitants of Great Britain south of the Forth.
Although early assertions of being British date from the Late Middle Ages, the creation of the Kingdom of Great Britain in 1707 triggered a sense of British national identity. The notion of Britishness was forged during the Napoleonic Wars between Britain and the First French Empire, and developed further during the Victorian era. The complex history of the formation of the United Kingdom created a "particular sense of nationhood and belonging" in Great Britain; Britishness became "superimposed on much older identities", of English, Scots and Welsh cultures, whose distinctiveness still resist notions of a homogenised British identity. Because of longstanding ethno-sectarian divisions, British identity in Northern Ireland is controversial, but it is held with strong conviction by unionists.
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Erlendur Patursson
Erlendur Patursson (20 August 1913 – 16 June 1986) was a Faroese politician and writer.
Erlendur was born in 1913 in Kirkjubøur. He was the son of the politician Jóannes Patursson.
He became cand.pol. in 1940 and was one the founders of Tjóðveldisflokkurin, the Faroese Republican Party, in 1948. The Republicans are a left-wing Faroese political party in favor of national independence from Denmark. He was a member of the Faroese parliament — the Løgting — from 1958 to 1966 and again in 1970–86. From 1963 to 1967 he was minister of fishery and finance, and from 1973 to 1977 a member of the Danish parliament – the Folketing.
Patursson came up with the idea for the Nordic House in the Faroe Islands. In the Nordic council he agitated for independence for Greenland and Åland.
As a writer Patursson has been honoured for his work concerning Faroese fishermen from 1850–1970. In 1981 he received the Faroese Literature Prize, M. A. Jacobsens Heiðursløn, for these writings.
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Faroese people
The Faroese or Faroe Islanders (Føroyingar) are a Germanic ethnic group native to the Faeroe Islands. The Faroese are of mixed Norse and Gaelic origins. About 21,000 Faroese live in neighbouring countries, particularly in Denmark, Iceland and Norway.
The Faroese language is a West Scandinavian language, closely related to Icelandic and more distantly to western Norwegian dialects.
The first colonists were Gaelic hermits and monks who arrived in the 6th century.
Later from around 650 the Norse-Gaels came and brought Norse culture and language to the islands. Little is known about this period, thus giving room for speculation. A single source mentions early settlement, the Icelandic Færeyinga Saga. It was written somewhere around 1200, and it explains events taking place about 300 years earlier. According to the saga, many Norsemen objected to the Norwegian king's unification politics and thus fled to other countries, including the new found places in the west.
Historians have understood since the time of the Færeyinga Saga that the Viking Grímur Kamban was the first settler in the Faroes. The Norwegians must have known about the isles before leaving Norway. If Grímur Kamban had settled some time earlier, this could explain the Norwegians knowing about them. Another, more logical explanation might be that the Norwegians came to know about the islands by the Gaels of Scotland and Ireland.
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Fríðrikur Petersen
Fríðrikur Petersen (1853 – 1917) was a noted Faroese politician and clergyman of the Faroese People's Church (Fólkakirkjan), a form of Lutheranism.
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Gaels
The Gaels or Goidels are speakers of one of the Goidelic Celtic languages: Irish, Scottish Gaelic and Manx. Goidelic speech originated in Ireland and subsequently spread to western and northern Scotland and the Isle of Man.
The Goidelic languages are one of the two branches of the Insular Celtic languages, the other being Brythonic.
The modern English term Gael derives ultimately from the Old Irish (Ancient Gaelic) word Goídel, which was spelled in various ways by Gaelic writers at different times. The modern Gaelic spellings are Gael (Irish) and Gàidheal (Scottish Gaelic).
Early Greek and Roman authors called the Irish Ιουερνοι and Iverni, respectively, both derived from the Proto-Irish ethnic name *Iwerni ("people of *Iweriū"). Later Greek and Latin variants of this name included Ίερνοι, Hierni, and Hiberni.
Scoti or Scotti was another generic Latin name for the Irish that came into use by the 4th century. It is not believed that any Gaelic groups called themselves Scot(t)i in ancient times, except when referring to themselves in Latin. It is also conjectured that the Latin term may mean "raider/pirate" as it is widely accepted that raiders from Ireland were attacking Britain's west coast during and following the Roman occupation.
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Høgni Lisberg
Høgni Lisberg (June 7, 1982 in Tórshavn, Faroe Islands) is a musician currently living in Leirvík, Eysturoy, and is one of the most famous musicians of the Faroe Islands.
Høgni was born in 1982 and is son of Sørin Lisberg and Hallbjørg Eliassen. His father is son of Knút Lisberg, who is cousin to Jens Olivur Lisberg (1896–1920) where his great-grandfather, and thus Jens Olivurs uncle, lived Johan í Smiðjuni. Høgni lived together with his two younger sisters in Leirvík, where he grew up. He moved to Copenhagen in 2004.
Høgni Lisberg, also known from ethno-rock band Clickhaze fame, released his first solo album, Most Beautiful Things in 2003. The album reached number 2 on Tutl Records’ sales charts on the Faroe Islands. This led Høgni to huge success in both his home country and in Switzerland, where the press gave him a lot of publicity during his Switzerland tour in 2004. In 2005 Høgni played at the Danish Nibe Festival, the exclusive Faroese bi-yearly showcase Atlantic Music Event, and the largest music festival on the Faroe Islands, the G! Festival.
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Høgni Reistrup
Høgni Reistrup is a singer-songwriter and artist from Tórshavn, Faroe Islands. His influences include Bob Dylan, Nick Drake, and Kári P. Reistrup also has a background in classical music.
Reistrup released his debut album titled Hugafar á ferð in the summer of 2007. The first single from the album reached No. 1 on the official chart in the Faroe Islands.
His second album, Trý fet frá tilveruni, was released on 1 March 2010. The album was recorded in the Faroe Islands and mixed in Dublin.
Reistrups third album "Samrøður við framtíðina" was released on 18 November 2011. The album was recorded on the Faroe Islands and mixed in Reykjavík by Styrmir Hauksson.
Høgni is signed to the independent Faroese record label, Tutl.
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Irish people
The Irish people (Irish: Muintir na hÉireann or na hÉireannaigh; Ulster-Scots: Airisch or Airish fowk) are an ethnic group who originate in Ireland, an island in northwestern Europe. Ireland has been populated for around 9,000 years (according to archaeological studies, see Prehistoric Ireland). The Irish people's earliest ancestors are recorded in legends – they are claimed to be descended from groups such as the Nemedians, Fomorians, Fir Bolg, Tuatha Dé Danann and the Milesians.Lebor Gabála Érenn, a book of Irish mythology tells that Tuatha Dé Dananns were Scythian descendants.
The main groups that interacted with the Irish in the Middle Ages include the Picts, Scots, and the Vikings. Due to this contact, Icelanders are noted for having some Irish descent. The Anglo-Norman invasion of the High Middle Ages, the English plantations and the subsequent English rule of the country introduced the Normans and Flemish into Ireland. Welsh, Picts, Bretons, and small parties of Gauls and even Anglo-Saxons are known in Ireland from much earlier times.
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Jákup Dahl
Jákup Dahl (English and German Jacob Dahl) (June 5, 1878 – 1944) was a Faroese Provost and Bible translator. In 1908 he became known as a linguist with the first Faroese grammar lessons for school students.
Dahl was born June 5, 1878, in Vágur on the island of Suðuroy in the Faroe Islands. He was the son of the merchant Peter Hans Dahl and Elisabeth Súsanna Vilhelm.
Dahl was a classmate of Janus Djurhuus at the high school in Tórshavn, the capital of the Faroes. Djurhuus described Dahl’s delivery of the nationalist hymn Nú it tann stundin komin til handa by Jóannes Patursson as his "linguistic baptism". While he was affiliated with Patursson's Party Sjálvstýrisflokkurin (Self-Government Party or Separatist Party), Jacob Dahl became famous during the Faroese language conflict, when he refused, as a teacher in Tórshavn 1909, to continue to teach in Danish. This matter back then was elevated to the Copenhagen ministry of instruction. One of his former students was William Heinesen, who reminisced about the time when Dahl still forced his students to use Danish.
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Kaj Leo Johannesen
Kaj Leo Holm Johannesen (born 28 August 1964 in Tórshavn, Faroes) is the current Faroese prime minister, representing the Faroese Unionist Party (Sambandsflokkurin). He took office, succeeding Jóannes Eidesgaard on 26 September 2008. Johannesen is also a former international football player; he was goalkeeper for the Faroe Islands national football team.
In the Faroese parliamentary elections, held on 29 October 2011 Kaj Leo Johannesen received 1979 personal votes. This is the biggest ever number of personal votes, given to any Faroese parliament candidate.[citation needed]
Kaj Leo Johannesen was a member of the City Council of Tórshavn 1997-2000, representing the Faroese Unionist Party (Sambandsflokkurin).
Kaj Leo Johannesen was a football goalkeeper and received 4 full international caps for the Faroes. He made his debut as a half-time substitute in a Euro 1992 qualifying game against eventual winners Denmark in Landskrona, Sweden, which served as Faroes´ home ground during their very first international qualifying tournament. He played all 90 minutes in his other international matches, including the first ever competitive game, played on the Faroes, on June 3, 1992 at Svangaskarð, Toftir against Belgium in 1994 FIFA World Cup qualification.
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Kristian Blak
Kristian Blak (born 31 March 1947), originally from Fredericia, Denmark, lives in the Faroe Islands where he is a composer, musician, and record executive. He is the founder of the Nordic musical ensemble Yggdrasil (named after the World tree Yggdrasil).
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Lars Løkke Rasmussen
Lars Løkke Rasmussen (Danish: [lɑːs ˈløɡ̊ə]; 15 May 1964) is a Danish politician who served as Prime Minister of Denmark from April 2009 to October 2011. He is the leader of the centre-right liberal party, Venstre.
Rasmussen has been a member of the Danish parliament (Folketinget) since 21 September 1994. He also served as County Mayor of Frederiksborg County from 1998 to 2001. Subsequently he was the Interior and Health Minister from 27 November 2001 to 23 November 2007 as part of Anders Fogh Rasmussen's first and second Cabinets, and then Minister of Finance from 23 November 2007 to April 2009 as part of Anders Fogh Rasmussen's third Cabinet. On 5 April 2009, he succeeded Anders Fogh Rasmussen as Prime Minister following the latter's appointment as Secretary General of NATO.
In the September 2011 parliamentary election, the government lost its parliamentary majority, and on 16 September 2011, Rasmussen tendered the government's resignation to Queen Margrethe. He remained in office as head of a caretaker government until his successor, Helle Thorning-Schmidt, was appointed on 3 October 2011.
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Poles
The Polish people, or Poles (Polish: Polacy [pɔˈlat͡sɨ]; singular: Polak), are a nation indigenous to Poland. They speak the Polish language, which belongs to the historical Lechitic subgroup of West Slavic languages of Central Europe. The Polish word for a Polish person is "Polak" (masculine) and "Polka" (feminine).
The preamble to the Constitution of the Republic of Poland defines the Polish nation as comprising all the citizens of Poland. Poland's inhabitants live in the following historic regions of the country: Wielkopolska, Małopolska, Mazovia, Pomerania, Warmia, Mazury, Podlasie, Kujawy and Silesia. A wide-ranging Polish diaspora exists throughout Europe (Germany, France, the United Kingdom, Belarus, Lithuania and Ukraine), the Americas (the United States, Brazil and Argentina) and Australia. Chicago, in the United States, has the world's largest urban Polish population after Warsaw.
Over a thousand years ago, the Polans of Giecz, Gniezno and Poznań — an influential tribe in Wielkopolska — succeeded in uniting Lechitic tribes under what became the Piast dynasty, thus giving rise to the Polish state.
wn.com/Poles -
Rasmus Rasmussen
Rasmus Rasmussen (May 26, 1899 – April 11, 1974) was a Danish gymnast who competed in the 1920 Summer Olympics.
He was part of the Danish team, which was able to win the silver medal in the gymnastics men's team, Swedish system event in 1920.
wn.com/Rasmus_Rasmussen -
Scottish people
The Scottish people (Scots Gaelic: Albannaich), or Scots, are a nation and ethnic group native to Scotland. Historically they emerged from an amalgamation of the Picts and Gaels, incorporating neighbouring Britons to the south as well as invading Germanic peoples such as the Anglo-Saxons and the Norse. Later the Normans also had some influence.
In modern use, "Scottish people" or "Scots" is used to refer to anyone whose linguistic, cultural, family ancestral or genetic origins are from within Scotland. The Latin word Scotti originally applied to a particular, 5th century, Goidelic tribe that inhabited Ireland. Though sometimes considered archaic or pejorative, the term Scotch has also been used for the Scottish people, though this usage is current primarily outside Scotland.
There are people of Scottish descent in many countries other than Scotland. Emigration, influenced by factors such as the Highland and Lowland Clearances, Scottish participation in the British Empire, and latterly industrial decline and unemployment, resulted in Scottish people being found throughout the world. Large populations of Scottish people settled the new-world lands of North and South America, Australia and New Zealand. There is a Scottish presence at a particularly high rate in Canada, which has the second largest population of descended Scots ancestry, after the United States. They took with them their Scottish languages and culture.
wn.com/Scottish_people -
Sigmundur Brestisson
Sigmundur Brestisson (961 – 1005) introduced Christianity to the Faroe Islands in 999. He is one of the main characters of the Færeyinga saga.
According to the Færeyinga Saga, emigrants who left Norway to escape the tyranny of Harald I of Norway, settled in the islands about the beginning of the 9th century. Early in the 11th century, Sigmundur, whose family had flourished in the southern islands but had been almost exterminated by invaders from the north, was sent back to the Faroe Islands, whence he had escaped, to take possession of the islands for Olaf Tryggvason, king of Norway.
Sigmundur was the first Faroe-man to convert to the Christian faith, bringing Christianity to the Faroes at the decree of Olaf Tryggvason. Initially Sigmundur sought to convert the islanders by reading the decree to the Alting in Tórshavn, but was nearly killed by the resulting angry mob. He then changed his tactics, went with armed men to the residence of the chieftain Tróndur í Gøtu and broke in his house by night. He offered him the choice between accepting Christianity or face beheading; he chose the former.
wn.com/Sigmundur_Brestisson -
Sunleif Rasmussen
Sunleif Rasmussen (born on March 19, 1961 in Sandur in the Faroe Islands) is the foremost Faroese composer of classical music.
Rasmussen studied in Norway, then returned to Tórshavn in the Faroes as music teacher and jazz pianist. From 1990 to 1995 he studied musical composition at the Royal Danish Academy of Music in Copenhagen under Ib Nørholm and electronic music under Ivar Frounberg. In 1992 he received grants from the Leonnie Sonning Foundation and the Danish Composer's Society.
He also became familiar with spectral music, which has its roots at the IRCAM in Paris, and the work of composers such as Tristan Murail. Rasmussen has produced a number of works combining electronic and acoustic instruments, some produced in co-operation with DIEM (the Danish Institute for Electro-Acoustic Music).
In 1997 he was awarded a three-year grant from the Danish State Arts Foundation.
In 2002 he won the Nordic Council Music Prize for his Symphony no. 1 - "Oceanic Days", which, in the NOMUS committee description: "derives its inspiration from Faroese nature and from age-old Faroese hymns, from which Rasmussen has created a work of comprehensive dimensions. It radiates a natural artistic integrity, combining tightness and structure with lyric feeling."
wn.com/Sunleif_Rasmussen -
Símun av Skarði
Símun av Skarði (3 May 1872 – 9 October 1942) was a Faroese poet, politician and teacher. He graduated from the Faroese Teacher's College in 1896. He founded Føroya Fólkaháskúli (the Faoese folk high school) in 1899, and worked there as headmaster from 1899 to 1942.
His most famous work as a poet is the Faroese National Anthem, Mítt alfagra land, usually called Tú alfagra land mítt since those are the first words. He was a member of parliament for the Sjálvstýrisflokkurin (Self-Government Party) from 1906 to 1914.
wn.com/Símun_av_Skarði -
William Gibson Sloan
William Gibson Sloan (4 September 1838, Dalry, North Ayrshire, Scotland – 4 September 1914, Tórshavn, Faroe Islands), was a Plymouth Brethren evangelist to the Faroe Islands and Shetland.
His parents were Nathanael and Elisabeth Sloane (Sloan) who lived in Bridgend, Dalry.
William became a missionary, sent by the Tract Society of Scotland, to Shetland and Orkney. While in Shetland, Catholic born Sloan came into contact with local Plymouth Brethren and issues like "believers baptism" and the "breaking of bread" came up. Sloan converted and became "baptised by immersion into the water" and thence "broke bread" with the local Shetland Baptists, even though he never considered himself being a Baptist. He believed in the one Congregation of God.
It was in this belief that he, in 1865 decided to become an evangelist to the Faroe Islands, which he had heard of from Shetland fishermen, who earned their living by fishing in the vicinity of the Faroe Islands.
For many years, his work in Faroe had little effect, but eventually a few people started gathering in "Ebenezer Hall" also known as "Sloan's Hall" which was built in Tórshavn in 1879. As the number of congregants was increasing, a new and bigger "Ebenezer" was built in 1905. The congregation eventually grew into the biggest independent congregation in the islands, second only to the established church.
William Sloan died on his 76th birthday, 4 September 1914 in his home in Tórshavn, Faroe Islands.
wn.com/William_Gibson_Sloan -
William Heinesen
Andreas William Heinesen (15 January 1900 – 12 March 1991) was a poet, composer and painter from the Faroe Islands.
The Faroese capital Tórshavn is always the centre of Heinesen's writing. He is famous for having once called Tórshavn "The Navel of the World". His writing focuses on contrasts between darkness and light, between destruction and creativity. Then following is the existential struggle of man to take sides. This is not always easy, however, and the lines between good and bad are not always clearly defined. Furthermore, Heinesen was captivated by the mysterious part of life. He called himself religious in the broadest sense of the word. His life could be described as a struggle against defeatism. One oft-quoted aphorism of his is that "life is not despair, and death shall not rule".
As he was born and raised before the Faroese language was taught in the schools, he wrote mainly in Danish but his spoken language was Faroese. All his books are later translated into his native Faroese.
wn.com/William_Heinesen
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Faroe Islands
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 8:49
- Updated: 30 Jan 2013
Faroe Islands Destination Report from Travel Today
http://wn.com/Faroe_Islands
Faroe Islands Destination Report from Travel Today
Faroe Islands Tourism
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 7:39
- Updated: 29 Jan 2013
Faore Islands Tourism Destination Review from Travel Today
http://wn.com/Faroe_Islands_Tourism
Faore Islands Tourism Destination Review from Travel Today
- published: 31 Mar 2012
- views: 11541
- author: TravelChannelVOD
Faroe Islands
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 2:42
- Updated: 23 Jan 2013
Produced by KOVBOYFILM www.kovboyfilm.com +44 (020) 3286 9937
http://wn.com/Faroe_Islands
Produced by KOVBOYFILM www.kovboyfilm.com +44 (020) 3286 9937
- published: 08 Sep 2009
- views: 201225
- author: kovboyfilm
"Where nature rules" about the Faroe Islands, now officially the best islands in the world
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 6:10
- Updated: 24 Jan 2013
OBS! WATCH THIS FILM IN BETTER QUALITY (and a proofread version) HERE: www.youtube.com For those who are interested in Pilot Whaling in the Faroe Islands, please note: Nothing will be achieved with aggressive remarks targeting all Faroese. You're just damaging your own cause if you choose to throw insults at other people. Please read this to understand why: www.facebook.com This is a presentation with amazing photos from the Faroe Islands - probably the most curious place left on earth according to New York Times and the best islands in the world out of 111 island communities according to National Geographic Traveler. The music in the presentation is Faroese and made by Elin B. Heinesen (www.heinesen.fo) It's called "Eitt dýpi av dýrari tíð" (An Abyss of Precious Time). The film won 3. Golden City Gate Prize at ITB in Berlin 12. march 2009. Read the lyrics here in Englísh: www.heinesen.fo
http://wn.com/Where_nature_rules_about_the_Faroe_Islands,_now_officially_the_best_islands_in_the_world
OBS! WATCH THIS FILM IN BETTER QUALITY (and a proofread version) HERE: www.youtube.com For those who are interested in Pilot Whaling in the Faroe Islands, please note: Nothing will be achieved with aggressive remarks targeting all Faroese. You're just damaging your own cause if you choose to throw insults at other people. Please read this to understand why: www.facebook.com This is a presentation with amazing photos from the Faroe Islands - probably the most curious place left on earth according to New York Times and the best islands in the world out of 111 island communities according to National Geographic Traveler. The music in the presentation is Faroese and made by Elin B. Heinesen (www.heinesen.fo) It's called "Eitt dýpi av dýrari tíð" (An Abyss of Precious Time). The film won 3. Golden City Gate Prize at ITB in Berlin 12. march 2009. Read the lyrics here in Englísh: www.heinesen.fo
- published: 31 Oct 2008
- views: 98934
- author: elinhein1
Bad weather in the Faroe Islands :-)
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 14:44
- Updated: 27 Jan 2013
Our home page www.facebook.com These are some clips we found on youtube, we have edited them and put them together for this film. We own none of clips and the links to the clips in their entire length is underneath here. Storm Surge www.youtube.com Smyril www.youtube.com Smyril www.youtube.com Smyril www.youtube.com Norrøna www.youtube.com Norønna www.youtube.com Bad weather www.youtube.com
http://wn.com/Bad_weather_in_the_Faroe_Islands_-
Our home page www.facebook.com These are some clips we found on youtube, we have edited them and put them together for this film. We own none of clips and the links to the clips in their entire length is underneath here. Storm Surge www.youtube.com Smyril www.youtube.com Smyril www.youtube.com Smyril www.youtube.com Norrøna www.youtube.com Norønna www.youtube.com Bad weather www.youtube.com
- published: 13 May 2012
- views: 12997
- author: Faroe Paradise
Faroe Islands Repelling in Sandoy
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 4:24
- Updated: 08 Jan 2013
Produced by KOVBOYFILM www.kovboyfilm.com +44 (020) 3286 9937
http://wn.com/Faroe_Islands_Repelling_in_Sandoy
Produced by KOVBOYFILM www.kovboyfilm.com +44 (020) 3286 9937
- published: 12 Oct 2009
- views: 12783
- author: kovboyfilm
Faroe Islands: Inner Hebrides to Faroe Islands 1 of 2
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 7:26
- Updated: 28 Jan 2013
Join the Faroe Islands group on Facebook here and find out where you can see the full video: www.facebook.com Coast heads high into the wild Atlantic to the majestic Faroe Islands, where Neil Oliver discovers how romance blossomed for British soldiers and Faroese women during the Second World War's 'Operation Valentine'.
http://wn.com/Faroe_Islands_Inner_Hebrides_to_Faroe_Islands_1_of_2
Join the Faroe Islands group on Facebook here and find out where you can see the full video: www.facebook.com Coast heads high into the wild Atlantic to the majestic Faroe Islands, where Neil Oliver discovers how romance blossomed for British soldiers and Faroese women during the Second World War's 'Operation Valentine'.
- published: 28 Aug 2009
- views: 40486
- author: bkhp81
Faroe Whale Cull - Faroe Islands
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 20:04
- Updated: 30 Jan 2013
October 2007 The Faroe Islands, midway between Scotland and Iceland, were settled by Vikings a thousand years ago. Remote and intriguing, they look like something out of a Norse fairy tale. People live in log houses with turf rooves, speak an ancient Viking language and delight in dressing up in traditional costume and singing Norse ballads. But there is one part of their picture-postcard culture that outsiders find positively shocking. Every northern summer, Faroese herd pods of pilot whales to shore and butcher them with hooks and knives, before cutting up the meat to share with each family. It's seen as a birth right and a celebration of Faroese culture. The islanders have steadfastly resisted international pressure to stop. Kate Sanderson moved to the Faroes from Australia 22 years ago and married a local. She tells tells us, " You know what we say, save the whales -- for dinner! Sanderson is the chief international negotiator on whaling and fishing. "Two generations of media hype and campaigning against whaling have really warped people's view of what whaling today is all about," she says. "Those countries that continue to (hunt) whales today are all countries that have a very long tradition of eating whale. Produced by ABC Australia Distributed by Journeyman Pictures
http://wn.com/Faroe_Whale_Cull_Faroe_Islands
October 2007 The Faroe Islands, midway between Scotland and Iceland, were settled by Vikings a thousand years ago. Remote and intriguing, they look like something out of a Norse fairy tale. People live in log houses with turf rooves, speak an ancient Viking language and delight in dressing up in traditional costume and singing Norse ballads. But there is one part of their picture-postcard culture that outsiders find positively shocking. Every northern summer, Faroese herd pods of pilot whales to shore and butcher them with hooks and knives, before cutting up the meat to share with each family. It's seen as a birth right and a celebration of Faroese culture. The islanders have steadfastly resisted international pressure to stop. Kate Sanderson moved to the Faroes from Australia 22 years ago and married a local. She tells tells us, " You know what we say, save the whales -- for dinner! Sanderson is the chief international negotiator on whaling and fishing. "Two generations of media hype and campaigning against whaling have really warped people's view of what whaling today is all about," she says. "Those countries that continue to (hunt) whales today are all countries that have a very long tradition of eating whale. Produced by ABC Australia Distributed by Journeyman Pictures
- published: 11 Jan 2008
- views: 77121
- author: journeymanpictures
Cruising The Faroe Islands
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 5:37
- Updated: 29 Jan 2013
Decades ago, I was leafing through the pages of National Geographic magazine when I came upon a photograph of a grass-roofed house in the Faroe Islands. The image of that fairy-tale-like home engaged my imagination, and thus began my desire to visit the exotic cluster of islands that had etched an indelible image in my mind. Read more of Faroe Islands, Far Away, Yet Once Visited, Unforgettable at www.avidcruiser.com
http://wn.com/Cruising_The_Faroe_Islands
Decades ago, I was leafing through the pages of National Geographic magazine when I came upon a photograph of a grass-roofed house in the Faroe Islands. The image of that fairy-tale-like home engaged my imagination, and thus began my desire to visit the exotic cluster of islands that had etched an indelible image in my mind. Read more of Faroe Islands, Far Away, Yet Once Visited, Unforgettable at www.avidcruiser.com
- published: 09 Nov 2010
- views: 7081
- author: Ralph Grizzle
Welcome to Faroe Islands
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 4:46
- Updated: 16 Jan 2013
The Faroe Islands or Faeroe Islands or simply Faroes or Faeroes (Faroese: Føroyar, meaning "Sheep Islands", Danish: Færøerne) are a group of islands in Northern Europe, between the Norwegian Sea and the North Atlantic Ocean, about halfway from Iceland to Norway. They have been an autonomous region of the Kingdom of Denmark since 1948. The Faroese have, over the years, taken control of most matters except defence (though they have a native coast guard), foreign affairs and the legal system which are the responsibility of Denmark. The Faroes have close traditional ties to Iceland, Shetland, Orkney, the Outer Hebrides and Greenland. The archipelago was politically detached from Norway in 1814. The Faroes are represented in the Nordic Council as a part of the Danish delegation. Video submitted to Denmark Video collection at www.denmarkfacts.com
http://wn.com/Welcome_to_Faroe_Islands
The Faroe Islands or Faeroe Islands or simply Faroes or Faeroes (Faroese: Føroyar, meaning "Sheep Islands", Danish: Færøerne) are a group of islands in Northern Europe, between the Norwegian Sea and the North Atlantic Ocean, about halfway from Iceland to Norway. They have been an autonomous region of the Kingdom of Denmark since 1948. The Faroese have, over the years, taken control of most matters except defence (though they have a native coast guard), foreign affairs and the legal system which are the responsibility of Denmark. The Faroes have close traditional ties to Iceland, Shetland, Orkney, the Outer Hebrides and Greenland. The archipelago was politically detached from Norway in 1814. The Faroes are represented in the Nordic Council as a part of the Danish delegation. Video submitted to Denmark Video collection at www.denmarkfacts.com
- published: 22 Dec 2012
- views: 87443
- author: denmarkvideo
Faroe Islands
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 4:25
- Updated: 24 Jan 2013
18 beatiful islands set to the music of "Vide cor meum" - med Katherine Jenkins
http://wn.com/Faroe_Islands
18 beatiful islands set to the music of "Vide cor meum" - med Katherine Jenkins
- published: 30 Jun 2010
- views: 21637
- author: istdasgeil
The beautiful ladies in the Faroe Islands, or as we say FAROE PARADISE :-)
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 4:40
- Updated: 31 Jan 2013
Faroe Paradise made this film with pictures of some of the beautiful ladies we have in the Faroes. Find me on this link www.facebook.com Kristel Lisberg sings her own song In The Lights. www.facebook.com You can find the ladies on this link www.facebook.com
http://wn.com/The_beautiful_ladies_in_the_Faroe_Islands,_or_as_we_say_FAROE_PARADISE_-
Faroe Paradise made this film with pictures of some of the beautiful ladies we have in the Faroes. Find me on this link www.facebook.com Kristel Lisberg sings her own song In The Lights. www.facebook.com You can find the ladies on this link www.facebook.com
- published: 20 Apr 2012
- views: 7989
- author: Faroe Paradise
1990.09.12 Faroe Islands - Austria 1-0 (Nielsen-61)
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 0:38
- Updated: 04 Nov 2012
1990.09.12 Faroe Islands - Austria 1-0 - Landskrona Idrottsplats - Landskrona - video-soccer.com
http://wn.com/19900912_Faroe_Islands_Austria_1-0_Nielsen-61
1990.09.12 Faroe Islands - Austria 1-0 - Landskrona Idrottsplats - Landskrona - video-soccer.com
- published: 17 Sep 2007
- views: 32632
- author: videosoccercom
Magic of the Faroe Islands
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 9:28
- Updated: 24 Jan 2013
Pictures from a trip through the Faroes Archipelago
http://wn.com/Magic_of_the_Faroe_Islands
Pictures from a trip through the Faroes Archipelago
- published: 04 Apr 2010
- views: 21186
- author: Mikronesien05
Faroe Islands Folk Music Festival Mykines
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:52
- Updated: 15 Jan 2013
Produced by KOVBOYFILM www.kovboyfilm.com +44 (020) 3286 9937
http://wn.com/Faroe_Islands_Folk_Music_Festival_Mykines
Produced by KOVBOYFILM www.kovboyfilm.com +44 (020) 3286 9937
- published: 23 Sep 2009
- views: 31859
- author: kovboyfilm
Faroe Islands Gjógv
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 2:39
- Updated: 14 Dec 2012
Produced by KOVBOYFILM www.kovboyfilm.com +44 (020) 3286 9937
http://wn.com/Faroe_Islands_Gjógv
Produced by KOVBOYFILM www.kovboyfilm.com +44 (020) 3286 9937
- published: 28 Oct 2009
- views: 15219
- author: kovboyfilm
The Faroe Islands
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 11:00
- Updated: 29 Jan 2013
Recorded September 3, 2008. The Faroe Islands are an island group situated between the Norwegian Sea and the North Atlantic Ocean, approximately half way between Scotland and Iceland. The Faroe Islands have been an autonomous province of Denmark since 1948. The Faroese have, over the years, taken control of most matters except defense, foreign affairs and law, which remain the responsibility of Denmark. The Faroes have close traditional ties to Iceland, Norway, Shetland, Orkney, the Outer Hebrides and Greenland. This video begins as we sail into the Tórshavn harbour on the Sea Princess. After disembarking the ship on a rainy day I take a tour of the islands. During the tour we stop at the village of Leynar where there is a picturesque waterfall and fish ladder. Next we drive through the under sea tunnel to the island of Vágar and visit the village of Sandavágur. There we visit a beautiful red-roofed church. Next we drive back to the island of Streymoy where we get a nice view of the capital city of Tórshavn from a hill outside of town. The video concludes as we sail away from the islands on the Sea Princess. From: timvp.com
http://wn.com/The_Faroe_Islands
Recorded September 3, 2008. The Faroe Islands are an island group situated between the Norwegian Sea and the North Atlantic Ocean, approximately half way between Scotland and Iceland. The Faroe Islands have been an autonomous province of Denmark since 1948. The Faroese have, over the years, taken control of most matters except defense, foreign affairs and law, which remain the responsibility of Denmark. The Faroes have close traditional ties to Iceland, Norway, Shetland, Orkney, the Outer Hebrides and Greenland. This video begins as we sail into the Tórshavn harbour on the Sea Princess. After disembarking the ship on a rainy day I take a tour of the islands. During the tour we stop at the village of Leynar where there is a picturesque waterfall and fish ladder. Next we drive through the under sea tunnel to the island of Vágar and visit the village of Sandavágur. There we visit a beautiful red-roofed church. Next we drive back to the island of Streymoy where we get a nice view of the capital city of Tórshavn from a hill outside of town. The video concludes as we sail away from the islands on the Sea Princess. From: timvp.com
- published: 11 Apr 2009
- views: 17335
- author: hoosiertim
Qualifiers 2012 Slovenia vs Faroe Islands
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 2:57
- Updated: 13 Oct 2012
Qualifiers 2012 Slovenia vs Faroe Islands
http://wn.com/Qualifiers_2012_Slovenia_vs_Faroe_Islands
WC Qualification,2014.The Goals:The Faroe Islands-Sweden 1-2.
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 2:59
- Updated: 28 Jan 2013
2012 10 12,Målen:Färöarna - Sverige 1-2.Rogvi Baldvinsson scored 1-0 to The Faroe Islands.Alexander Kacaniclic scored 1-1 and Zlatan Ibrahimovic scored 1-2.
http://wn.com/WC_Qualification,2014The_GoalsThe_Faroe_Islands-Sweden_1-2
2012 10 12,Målen:Färöarna - Sverige 1-2.Rogvi Baldvinsson scored 1-0 to The Faroe Islands.Alexander Kacaniclic scored 1-1 and Zlatan Ibrahimovic scored 1-2.
- published: 12 Oct 2012
- views: 14635
- author: baffe1111
Paddy McCourt vs Faroe Islands 10/08/11
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 0:25
- Updated: 23 Jan 2013
Wonderful goal.
http://wn.com/Paddy_McCourt_vs_Faroe_Islands_10_08_11
Faroe Islands National Football Team
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 4:05
- Updated: 26 Jan 2013
The video shows the Faroese national football team. The song was made by Heri Nolsøe and Jógvan Olsen because of the win of the Faroe Islands against Austria in 1990 and it is called "Reytt og Blátt og Hvítt. Everything about the football on the Faroe Islands you can find on www.thodur.de.tl Discuss with other people about Faroese football thodur.forumprofi.de
http://wn.com/Faroe_Islands_National_Football_Team
The video shows the Faroese national football team. The song was made by Heri Nolsøe and Jógvan Olsen because of the win of the Faroe Islands against Austria in 1990 and it is called "Reytt og Blátt og Hvítt. Everything about the football on the Faroe Islands you can find on www.thodur.de.tl Discuss with other people about Faroese football thodur.forumprofi.de
- published: 25 Mar 2009
- views: 15619
- author: ThodurSports
Faroe Islands multi colored houses of Torshavn
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 1:23
- Updated: 26 Jan 2013
Produced by KOVBOYFILM www.kovboyfilm.com +44 (020) 3286 9937
http://wn.com/Faroe_Islands_multi_colored_houses_of_Torshavn
Produced by KOVBOYFILM www.kovboyfilm.com +44 (020) 3286 9937
- published: 10 Sep 2009
- views: 53311
- author: kovboyfilm
Mesut Özil Vs Faroe Islands 12-13 Home HD 720p by MesutOzil10l / CyderVideo ( NEW CHANNEL )
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 9:24
- Updated: 16 Jan 2013
Mesut Özil Compilation Germany - Faroe Islands International World Cup Qualifying 2014 Please support my new channel CyderVideo and my 2nd Channel CyderVIdeo2 Songs: 1) Garrido & Skehan feat. Erin - Throw It All Away (Marius K. Remix) 2) Alex Gaudino - Don't Wanna Dance (Tom Swoon Remix)
http://wn.com/Mesut_Özil_Vs_Faroe_Islands_12-13_Home_HD_720p_by_MesutOzil10l_CyderVideo_NEW_CHANNEL_
Mesut Özil Compilation Germany - Faroe Islands International World Cup Qualifying 2014 Please support my new channel CyderVideo and my 2nd Channel CyderVIdeo2 Songs: 1) Garrido & Skehan feat. Erin - Throw It All Away (Marius K. Remix) 2) Alex Gaudino - Don't Wanna Dance (Tom Swoon Remix)
- published: 08 Sep 2012
- views: 16234
- author: CyderVideo2
photo: AP / Aleppo Revolution Against Assad Regime
29 Jan 2013
By Alexander Dziadosz and Oliver Holmes. BEIRUT, Jan 29 (Reuters) - At least 65 people were found shot dead with their hands bound in the northern Syrian city of Aleppo on Tuesday in a "new massacre" in the near two-year revolt against President Bashar al-Assad, activists said. Opposition campaigners blamed the government but it was impossible to confirm who was responsible ... The U.N ... State media did not mention the incident ... STALEMATE ... ....(size: 9.0Kb)
photo: AP / Korea Aerospace Research Institute
30 Jan 2013
Launch of 140-tonne rocket likely to anger North Korea, which incurred tougher UN sanctions after December launch. The rocket takes off from its launchpad at Naro, south of Seoul. South Korea has twice before failed to put a satellite into space. Photograph. Kari/AFP/Getty Images ... Relief greeted the Naro rocket's flawless liftoff from a space centre on the south coast at 4pm local time ... ....(size: 3.1Kb)
photo: AP / David Guttenfelder
30 Jan 2013
SEOUL - Until Tuesday, North Korea appeared on Google Maps as a near-total white space -- no roads, no train lines, no parks and no restaurants. The only thing labeled was the capital city, Pyongyang. This all changed when Google, on Tuesday, rolled out a detailed map of one of the world's most secretive states ... Similar processes were used in other once-unmapped countries like Afghanistan and Myanmar ... ....(size: 2.4Kb)
photo: AP / Khalil Hamra
28 Jan 2013
Egyptian President Mohamed Morsy on Sunday declared a state of emergency and a nightime curfew for one month in three restive cities after days of deadly violence. Mr. Morsy, facing his worst crisis since taking office in June, said the measures would take effect on Sunday night in the cities of Port Said, Suez and Ismailia ... Keywords....(size: 1.7Kb)
photo: AP / Patrick Semansky
30 Jan 2013
LAS VEGAS -- Seizing an opening to rewrite the nation's immigration laws, President Barack Obama challenged Congress on Tuesday to act swiftly to put 11 million illegal immigrants living in the United States on a clear path to citizenship ... The response suggests that reaching consensus on immigration law changes remained difficult despite a new bipartisan push since the November elections ... Mr ... Sen ... He continued ... Although Mr ... Mr ... Mr ... ....(size: 5.5Kb)
noodls
30 Jan 2013
(Source. FFU - Football Federation of Ukraine). On 31st of January in Nyon (Switzerland) a draw ceremony of the European championship-2015 (U-21) qualifying will be held ... The ten group winners and the four best runners-up will advance to the play-offs ... Qualifying round draw seedings. ... Northern Ireland, Albania, Faroe Islands, Lithuania, Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan, Estonia, Malta, Luxembourg, Andorra, Liechtenstein, San Marino ... (noodl....(size: 2.4Kb)
The Daily Telegraph
30 Jan 2013
There is still a healthy stock of Scottish mackerel. Plenty more fish. freshly caught mackerel at the fishing village of Port William, Dumfries Photo. GETTY IMAGES. 6.58AM GMT 30 Jan 2013. Comments. SIR – Scottish mackerel remains a sustainable stock (Comment, January 23) ... Scottish fishermen keep to the quotas set by the EU ... However, the dispute with the Faroe Islands and Iceland threatens to impact on this stock in future ... MORE ... ....(size: 8.5Kb)
The New York Times
29 Jan 2013
By THE INTERNATIONAL HERALD TRIBUNE ... David Kirkpatrick reports from Port Said, Egypt ... Lydia Polgreen reports from Segou, Mali, and Scott Sayare from Paris ... The European Union must push harder to end a three-year deadlock over mackerel quotas with Iceland and the Faroe Islands, a key British official said Monday, in order to resolve a dispute that has led to warnings that the fish is being dangerously overexploited ... But the show goes on ... ....(size: 3.1Kb)
The New York Times
28 Jan 2013
PARIS — The European Union must push harder to end a three-year deadlock over mackerel quotas with Iceland and the Faroe Islands, a key British official said Monday, in order to resolve a dispute that has led to warnings that the fish is being dangerously overexploited ... Faroe Islands, with 50,000 people, or Iceland, with 300,000?” Mr....(size: 9.0Kb)
BBC News
28 Jan 2013
Deutsche Welle
28 Jan 2013
Interest in the economic potential of the Arctic is on the rise ... Who owns the Arctic? ... Canada, the USA, Russia, Norway and Denmark (with Greenland and the Faroe Islands) make up what is known as the Arctic states ... Since the Kulluk, a drilling rig owned by Shell, ran aground off Kodiak Island, Alaska at the end of 2012, a US commission has been set up to examine the safety procedures of the company's Arctic programmes ... Soon, a more c ... ....(size: 6.4Kb)
Huffington Post
25 Jan 2013
SANTIAGO, Chile (AP) — The UN's deputy chief says most of the world problems boil down to water and he's urging action from global leaders ... Also on HuffPost ... #7 Faroe Islands, North Atlantic Ocean ... #3 Turks And Caicos Islands, Caribbean ... #1 Cook Islands, South Pacific Ocean ... ....(size: 3.0Kb)
noodls
25 Jan 2013
(Source. FAW - The Football Association of Wales Ltd). The draw will be made on Thursday for the 2015 UEFA Under 21 Qualifiers. The draw will be at UEFA HQ in Nyon, Switzerland. Wales has been placed in Pot B - the 'second strength' teams in the competition ... The Pots are.. A ... B ... C ... D ... E. Northern Ireland, Albania, Faroe Islands, Lithuania, Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan, Estonia, Malta, Luxembourg, Andorra, Lichtenstein & San Marino ... Play-offs.....(size: 3.2Kb)
noodls
24 Jan 2013
(Source ... 23 January 2013. Scottish fishermen have condemned the Faroe Islands for their withdrawal from international sharing arrangements for the Atlanto-Scandian herring stock ... Despite the Faroese withdrawal, the other countries have still set aside the normal share for Faroes, which would have been almost 32,000 tonnes ... "This is totally irresponsible behaviour by the Faroe Islands for which there is absolutely no justification ... Ends....(size: 3.2Kb)
Newstrack India
24 Jan 2013
Tweet ... Yamaguchi, who arrived in Beijing Tuesday, is the first senior member of the Japanese ruling bloc to travel to China since the Japanese government announced it would "purchase" part of the disputed islands, a move that soured bilateral relations. China calls the islands as Diaoyu while Japan describe them as Senkaku ... "We hope your visit will contribute to maintaining and pushing forward ties," Yang told Yamaguchi ... Faroe islands ... ....(size: 3.4Kb)
BBC News
23 Jan 2013
Scottish fishermen have condemned the Faroe Islands for pulling out of international sharing arrangements for Atlantic herring stock ... "I call on the EU to make use of their available powers to introduce sanctions against the Faroe Islands." ... The latest development follows a similar long-running row over mackerel stocks with the Faroe Islands and Iceland in recent years....(size: 2.6Kb)
noodls
23 Jan 2013
Saab AB) Naviair Selects Saab Sensis ADS-B for Surveillance of Flights over Greenland and the Faroe Islands. Naviair, the Air Navigation Service Provider (ANSP) for Denmark, has selected Saab Sensis Automatic Dependent Surveillance-Broadcast (ADS-B) for surveillance of flights over Greenland and the Faroe Islands ... as Greenland and the Faroe Islands."...(size: 2.7Kb)
PR Newswire
23 Jan 2013
Google. EAST SYRACUSE, N.Y., Jan. 23, 2013 /PRNewswire/ -- Naviair, the Air Navigation Service Provider (ANSP) for Denmark, has selected Saab Sensis Automatic Dependent Surveillance-Broadcast (ADS-B) for surveillance of flights over Greenland and the Faroe Islands ... "Saab Sensis has the experience needed to deliver reliable systems to the most challenging operating environments such as Greenland and the Faroe Islands." ... ....(size: 4.3Kb)
"Faeroes" redirects here. It is not to be confused with Fair Isle.
Coordinates: 62°00′N 06°47′W / 62°N 6.783°W / 62; -6.783
| Faroe Islands
Føroyar (Faroese)
Færøerne (Danish) |
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|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
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| Anthem: Tú alfagra land mítt Thou, my most beauteous land |
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 Location of the Faroe Islands in Northern Europe
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| Capital (and largest city) |
Tórshavn 62°00′N 06°47′W / 62°N 6.783°W / 62; -6.783 |
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| Official language(s) | Faroese, Danish[1] | |||||
| Ethnic groups | 91% Faroese 5.8% Danish 0.7% British 0.4% Icelandic 0.2% Norwegian 0.2% Polish |
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| Demonym | Faroese | |||||
| Government | Parliamentary democracy within a constitutional monarchy | |||||
| - | Queen | Margrethe II | ||||
| - | High Commissioner | Dan M. Knudsen | ||||
| - | Prime Minister | Kaj Leo Johannesen | ||||
| Autonomy | within the Kingdom of Denmark | |||||
| - | Unified with Denmark[a] | 1035 | ||||
| - | Ceded to Denmark[b] | 14 January 1814 | ||||
| - | Home rule | 1 April 1948 | ||||
| Area | ||||||
| - | Total | 1,399 km2 (180th) 540 sq mi |
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| - | Water (%) | 0.5 | ||||
| Population | ||||||
| - | July 2011 estimate | 49,267 [2] (206th) | ||||
| - | 2007 census | 48,760 | ||||
| - | Density | 35/km2 91/sq mi |
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| GDP (PPP) | 2008 estimate | |||||
| - | Total | $1.642 billion | ||||
| - | Per capita | $33,700 | ||||
| GDP (nominal) | 2008 estimate | |||||
| - | Total | $2.45 billion | ||||
| - | Per capita | $50,300 | ||||
| HDI (2006) | 0.943[c] (very high) | |||||
| Currency | Faroese króna[d] (DKK) |
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| Time zone | WET (UTC+0) | |||||
| - | Summer (DST) | WEST (UTC+1) | ||||
| ISO 3166 code | FO | |||||
| Internet TLD | .fo | |||||
| Calling code | 298 | |||||
| a. ^ Danish monarchy reached the Faeroes in 1380 with the reign of Olav IV in Norway. b. ^ The Faeroes, Greenland and Iceland were formally Norwegian possessions until 1814 despite 400 years of Danish monarchy beforehand. |
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The Faroe Islands (Faroese: Føroyar pronounced [ˈfœɹjaɹ], Danish: Færøerne Danish pronunciation: [ˈfæɐ̯øːˀɐnə]) are an island group situated between the Norwegian Sea and the North Atlantic Ocean, approximately halfway between Norway and Iceland. The islands form a self-governing country under the sovereignty of the Kingdom of Denmark. The total area is approximately 1,400 km² (540 sq mi) with a 2010 population of almost 50,000 people.
The Faroe Islands has been a self-governing dependency of Denmark since 1948. Over the years, the Faroese have taken control of most domestic matters. Areas that remain the responsibility of Denmark include military defence, police, justice, currency and foreign affairs. The Faroe Islands also has representatives in the Nordic Council as members of the Danish delegation.
The Faroe Islands were associated with and taxed by Denmark and Norway up to 1814, when Norway fell under the rule of Sweden. Scandinavia was in political turmoil following the Sixth Coalition of the Napoleonic Wars, when the Treaty of Kiel granted Denmark control over the Faroes, Iceland and Greenland in 1814. The Danish trade monopoly ended in 1856.
Contents |
History[link]
Main article: History of the Faroe Islands
Gaelic hermits and monks from a Hiberno-Scottish mission settled Faroes in the 6th century, introducing the early Irish language. Saint Brendan, an Irish monastic saint who lived around 484–578, visited the Faroe Islands on two or three occasions (512–530). He named two of the islands Sheep Island and Paradise Island of Birds.[citation needed]
Later on (c. 850) Norsemen settled the islands, bringing the Old Norse language that has evolved into the modern Faroese language spoken today. According to the Icelandic Sagas like Færeyjar Saga one of the best known men in ancient Faroes is Tróndur í Gøtu, who was descended from some of the Scandinavian war chiefs who settled in Dublin, Ireland. Tróndur led the battle against Sigmund Brestursson, the Norwegian monarchy and the Norwegian church.
These settlers are not thought to have come directly from Scandinavia, but rather from Norse communities surrounding the Irish Sea, Northern Isles and Western Isles of Scotland, including the Shetland and Orkney islands, and Norse-Gaels. The old Gaelic name for the Faroe Islands, Na Scigirí, means the Skeggjar and probably refers to the Eyja-Skeggjar (Island-Beards), a nickname given to the island dwellers. The aforementioned theories are speculative and are not supported by archeological evidence. However, the immigration of Norwegian Vikings is well documented.[3] Thus, according to the Faroe Islands Government, the Nordic language and culture are derived from the Norwegians, or Norsemen, who settled in the Faroe Islands.[4]
According to Færeyinga Saga, emigrants left Norway who didn't approve of the monarchy of Harald I of Norway. These people settled the Faroes around the end of the 9th century. Early in the 11th century, Sigmundur Brestirson – whose clan had flourished in the southern islands but had been almost exterminated by invaders from the northern islands – escaped to Norway. He was sent back to take possession of the islands for Olaf Tryggvason, King of Norway. Sigmundur introduced Christianity and, though he was subsequently murdered, Norwegian taxation was upheld. Norwegian control of the Faroes continued until 1380, when Norway entered the Kalmar Union with Denmark, which gradually resulted in Danish control of the islands. The Reformation reached the Faroes in 1538. When the union between Denmark and Norway was dissolved as a result of the Treaty of Kiel in 1814, Denmark retained possession of the Faroe Islands.
The trade monopoly in the Faroe Islands was abolished in 1856, after which the area developed as a modern fishing nation with its own fleet. The national awakening since 1888 was initially based on a struggle to maintain the Faroese language and was thus culturally oriented, but after 1906 it became politically oriented, with the foundation of political parties of the Faroe Islands.
On 12 April 1940, the Faroes were occupied by British troops. The move followed the invasion of Denmark by Nazi Germany and had the objective of strengthening British control of the North Atlantic (see Battle of the Atlantic). In 1942–1943 the British Royal Engineers built the only airport in the Faroes, Vágar Airport. Control of the islands reverted to Denmark following the war, but in 1948 home-rule was introduced, with a high degree of local autonomy. In 1973 the Faroe Islands declined to join Denmark in entering the European Community (now European Union). The islands experienced considerable economic difficulties following the collapse of the fishing industry in the early 1990s, but have since made efforts to diversify the economy. Support for independence has grown and is the objective of the Republican Party.
Politics[link]
Main article: Politics of the Faroe Islands
The Faroese government holds executive power in local government affairs. The head of the government is called the Løgmaður (literally 'law person') or prime minister in English. Any other member of the cabinet is called a landsstýrismaður ('national committee man'). Today, elections are held in the municipalities, on a national level for the Løgting ('law assembly'), and for the Danish Folketing. For the Løgting elections there are seven electoral districts, each one comprising a sýsla, while Streymoy is divided into a northern and southern part (Tórshavn region).
The Faroes and Denmark[link]
The Faroe Islands have been under Danish control since 1388. The 1814 Treaty of Kiel terminated the Danish-Norwegian union, and Norway came under the rule of the King of Sweden, while the Faroe Islands, Iceland, and Greenland remained Danish possessions. The Løgting was abolished in 1816, and the Faroe Islands were to be governed as an ordinary Danish amt (county), with the Amtmand as its head of government. In 1851 the Løgting was reinstated, but served mainly as an advisory body until 1948.
At the end of World War II some of the population favored independence from Denmark, and on 14 September 1946 an independence referendum was held on the question of secession. It was a consultative referendum: the parliament was not bound to follow the people's vote. This was the first time that the Faroese people had been asked whether they favored independence or wanted to continue within the Danish kingdom. The result of the vote was a narrow majority in favor of secession, but the coalition in parliament could not reach agreement on how this outcome should be interpreted and implemented; and because of these irresoluble differences, the coalition fell apart. A parliamentary election was held a few months later, in which the political parties that favored staying in the Danish kingdom increased their share of the vote and formed a coalition. Based on this, they chose to reject secession. Instead, a compromise was made and the Folketing passed a home-rule law that went into effect in 1948. The Faroe Islands' status as a Danish amt was thereby brought to an end; the Faroe Islands were given a high degree of self-governance, supported by a financial subsidy from Denmark to recompense expenses the Islands have on Danish services.
At present the islanders are about evenly split between those favoring independence and those who prefer to continue as a part of the Kingdom of Denmark. Within both camps there is a wide range of opinions. Of those who favor independence, some are in favor of an immediate unilateral declaration of independence. Others see it as something to be attained gradually and with the full consent of the Danish government and the Danish nation. In the unionist camp there are also many who foresee and welcome a gradual increase in autonomy even while strong ties with Denmark are maintained.
In 2011, a new draft Faroese constitution is being drawn up. However the draft has been declared by the former Danish Prime Minister, Lars Løkke Rasmussen, as incompatible with Denmark's constitution and if the Faroese political parties wish to continue with it then they must declare independence.[5]
The Faroes and the European Union[link]
Main article: Faroe Islands and the European Union
As explicitly asserted by both Rome treaties, the Faroe Islands are not part of the European Union. Moreover, a protocol to the treaty of accession of Denmark to the European Communities stipulates that Danish nationals residing in the Faroe Islands are not to be considered as Danish nationals within the meaning of the treaties. Hence, Danish people living in the Faroes are not citizens of the European Union (although other EU nationals living there remain EU citizens). The Faroes are not covered by the Schengen free movement agreement, but there are no border checks when travelling between the Faroes and any Schengen country. (The Faroes have been part of the Nordic Passport Union since 1966, and since 2001 there have been no border checks between the Nordic countries and the rest of the Schengen area as part of the Schengen agreement.)[6]
Regions and municipalities[link]
Main articles: Regions of the Faroe Islands and Municipalities of the Faroe Islands
Administratively, the islands are divided into 30 municipalities (kommunur) within which there are 120 or so settlements.
Traditionally, there are also the six sýslur ("regions": Norðoyar, Eysturoy, Streymoy, Vágar, Sandoy and Suðuroy). Although today sýsla technically means "police district", the term is still commonly used to indicate a geographical region. In earlier times, each sýsla had its own ting (assembly), the so-called várting ("spring assembly").
Geography[link]
Main article: Geography of the Faroe Islands
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The Faroe Islands are an island group consisting of 18 major islands about 655 kilometres (407 mi) off the coast of Northern Europe, between the Norwegian Sea and the North Atlantic Ocean, about halfway between Iceland and Norway, the closest neighbours being the Northern and Western Isles of Scotland. Its coordinates are 62°00′N 06°47′W / 62°N 6.783°W / 62; -6.783.
Its area is 1,399 square kilometres (540 sq. mi), and it has no major lakes or rivers. There are 1,117 kilometres (694 mi) of coastline.[2] The only significant uninhabited island is Lítla Dímun.
The islands are rugged and rocky with some low peaks; the coasts are mostly cliffs. The highest point is Slættaratindur, 882 metres (2,894 ft) above sea level.
The Faroe Islands are dominated by tholeiitic basalt lava, which was part of the great Thulean Plateau during the Paleogene period.[7]
Distances to nearest countries and islands[link]
- North Rona, Scotland (uninhabited): 260 kilometres (160 mi)
- Shetland (Foula) (Scotland): 285 kilometres (177 mi)
- Orkney (Westray) (Scotland): 300 kilometres (190 mi)
- Mainland Scotland: 320 kilometres (200 mi)
- Iceland: 450 kilometres (280 mi)
- Ireland: 670 kilometres (420 mi)
- Denmark: 990 kilometres (620 mi)
A total eclipse of the sun will be visible from the Faroe Islands on 20 March 2015.[8]
Economy[link]
Main article: Economy of the Faroe Islands
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Economic troubles caused by a collapse of the Faroese fishing industry in the early 1990s brought high unemployment rates of 10 to 15% in the mid 1990s.[9] Unemployment decreased in the later 1990s, down to about 6% at the end of 1998.[9] By June 2008 unemployment had declined to 1.1%, before rising to 3.4% in early 2009.[9] Nevertheless, the almost total dependence on fishing and fish farming means that the economy remains vulnerable. Petroleum found close to the Faroese area gives hope for deposits in the immediate area, which may provide a basis for sustained economic prosperity.[10]
11.7% of Faroe Islands' national budget comes as economic aid from Denmark, which is about the same as 18% of Faroe Islands' total expense budget.[11]
Since 2000, new information technology and business projects have been fostered in the Faroe Islands to attract new investment. The introduction of Burger King in Tórshavn was widely publicized and a sign of the globalization of Faroese culture. It is not yet known whether these projects will succeed in broadening the islands' economic base. The islands have one of the lowest unemployment rates in Europe, but this should not necessarily be taken as a sign of a recovering economy, as many young students move to Denmark and other countries after leaving high school. This leaves a largely middle-aged and elderly population that may lack the skills and knowledge to fill newly developed positions on the Faroes. In 2008 the Faroes made a $52 million loan to Iceland, in light of that country's banking woes.[12]
On 5 August 2009, two opposition parties introduced a bill in the Løgting to adopt the Euro as the national currency, pending a referendum.[13]
Transport[link]
Main article: Transport in the Faroe Islands
Vágar Airport has scheduled services from Vágar Island. The largest Faroese airline is Atlantic Airways.
Due to the rocky terrain and relatively small size of the Faroe Islands, its transportation system was not as extensive as in other places of the world. This situation has now changed, and the infrastructure has been developed extensively. Some 80% of the population of the islands is connected by tunnels through the mountains and between the islands, bridges and causeways that link the three largest islands and three other large islands to the northeast together, while the other two large islands to the south of the main area are connected to the main area with new fast ferries. There are good roads to every village in the islands, except for seven of the smaller islands, six of which only have one village.
Demographics[link]
Main article: Demographics of the Faroe Islands
The vast majority of the population are ethnic Faroese, of Norse and Gaelic descent.[14]
Recent DNA analyses have revealed that Y chromosomes, tracing male descent, are 87% Scandinavian.[15] The studies show that mitochondrial DNA, tracing female descent, is 84% Scottish/Irish.[16]
Of the approximately 48,500 inhabitants of the Faroe Islands (16,921 private households (2004)). Faroese 91.7%, Danes 5.8%; Greenlanders 0.3%. The largest group of foreigners is Danes, comprising 5.8 %, followed by Greenlanders, Icelanders, Norwegians and Polish. The Faroe Islands have people consisting of 77 different nationalities.
Faroese is spoken in the entire area as a first language. It is difficult to say exactly how many people worldwide speak the Faroese language, as many ethnic Faroese live in Denmark, and few who are born there return to the Faroes with their parents or as adults.
The Faroese language is one of the least-spoken of the Germanic languages. Faroese grammar and vocabulary are most similar to Icelandic and to their ancestor Old Norse. In contrast, spoken Faroese is very different from Icelandic and is closer to Norwegian dialects of the west coast of Norway. While Faroese is the main language in the islands, both Faroese and Danish are official languages.[1]
Faroese language policy provides for the active creation of new terms in Faroese suitable for modern life.
Population trends (1327–2004)[link]
If the first inhabitants of the Faroe Islands were Irish monks, then they must have lived as a very small group of settlers. Later, when the Vikings colonised the islands, there was a considerable increase in the population. However, it never exceeded 5,000 until the 18th century. Around 1349, about half the population perished in the Black Death plague.
Only with the rise of the deep-sea fishery (and thus independence from agriculture in the islands' harsh terrain) and with general progress in the health service was rapid population growth possible in the Faroes. Beginning in the 18th century, the population increased tenfold in 200 years.
At the beginning of the 1990s the Faroe Islands entered a deep economic crisis leading to heavy emigration; however, this trend reversed in subsequent years to a net immigration.
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Urbanisation and regionalisation[link]
The Faroese population is spread across most of the area; it was not until recent decades that significant urbanisation occurred. Industrialisation has been remarkably decentralised, and the area has therefore maintained quite a viable rural culture. Nevertheless, villages with poor harbour facilities have been the losers in the development from agriculture to fishing, and in the most peripheral agricultural areas, also known as the outer islands, there are few young people. In recent decades, the village-based social structure has nevertheless been placed under pressure, giving way to a rise in interconnected "centres" that are better able to provide goods and services than the badly connected periphery. This means that shops and services are now relocating en masse from the villages into the centres, and slowly but steadily the Faroese population is concentrating in and around the centres.
In the 1990s the old national policy of developing the villages (Bygdamenning) was abandoned, and instead the government started a process of regional development (Økismenning). The term "region" referred to the large islands of the Faroes. Nevertheless the government was unable to press through the structural reform of merging the small rural municipalities in order to create sustainable, decentralised entities that could drive forward regional development. As regional development has been difficult on the administrative level, the government has instead made heavy investment in infrastructure, interconnecting the regions.
In general, it is becoming less valid to regard the Faroes as a society based on separate islands and regions. The huge investments in roads, bridges and sub-sea tunnels (see also Transportation in the Faroe Islands) have bound the islands together, creating a coherent economic and cultural sphere that covers almost 90% of the population. From this perspective it is reasonable to regard the Faroes as a dispersed city or even to refer to it as the Faroese Network City.[citation needed]
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Religion[link]
Main article: Faroese religion
According to Færeyinga Saga, Sigmundur Brestisson brought Christianity to the islands in 999. However, archaeology at a site in Leirvík suggests that Celtic Christianity may have arrived at least 150 years earlier.[citation needed] The Faroe Islands' Church Reformation was completed on 1 January 1540. According to official statistics from 2002, 84.1% of the Faroese population are members of the state church, the Faroese People's Church (Fólkakirkjan), a form of Lutheranism. The Fólkakirkjan became an independent church in 2007; previously it had been a diocese within the Church of Denmark. Faroese members of the clergy who have had historical importance include V. U. Hammershaimb (1819–1909), Frederik Petersen (1853–1917) and, perhaps most significantly, Jákup Dahl (1878–1944), who had a great influence in ensuring that the Faroese language was spoken in the church instead of Danish.
In the late 1820s, the Christian Evangelical religious movement, the Plymouth Brethren, was established in England. In 1865 a member of this movement, William Gibson Sloan, travelled to the Faroes from Shetland. At the turn of the 20th century, the Faroese Plymouth Brethren numbered thirty. Today, approximately 10% of the Faroese population are members of the Open Brethren community (Brøðrasamkoman). Approximately 3% belong to the charismatic movement, which started somewhere late around 1920s, but had their golden days in 1970s–1980s. There are several charismatic churches around the islands, the largest of which, called Keldan (Spring Water), congregation (approximately 200 to 300 members). About 2% belong to other Christian denominations, such as the The Adventists operate a private school in Tórshavn. Jehovah's Witnesses also number four congregations (approximately 80 to 100 members). The Roman Catholic congregation comprises approximately 170 members. The municipality of Tórshavn operates their old Franciscan school. There are also around fifteen Bahá'ís who meet at four different places. The Ahmadiyya Muslim Community was established in the Faroe Islands in 2010. Unlike Denmark, Sweden, and Iceland with Forn Siðr, the Faroes have no organised Ásatrú community, but there is a fair share of pagan lore, song and ritual performed in individuals' houses or in public spaces, rather than in church buildings.
The best-known church buildings in the Faroe Islands include Tórshavn Cathedral, St. Olaf's Church and the Magnus Cathedral in Kirkjubøur; the Vesturkirkjan and the Maria Church, both of which are situated in Tórshavn; the church of Fámjin; the octagonal church in Haldarsvík; Christianskirkjan in Klaksvík and also the two pictured here.
In 1948, Victor Danielsen (Plymouth Brethren) completed the first Bible translation into Faroese from different modern languages. Jacob Dahl and Kristian Osvald Viderø (Fólkakirkjan) completed the second translation in 1961. The latter was translated from the original Biblical languages (Hebrew and Greek) into Faroese.
Culture[link]
Main article: Culture of the Faroe Islands
Culture of the Faroe Islands has its roots in the Nordic culture. The Faroe Islands were long isolated from the main cultural phases and movements that swept across parts of Europe. This means that they have maintained a great part of their traditional culture. The language spoken is Faroese and it is one of three insular Scandinavian languages descended from the Old Norse language spoken in Scandinavia in the Viking Age, the others being Icelandic and the extinct Norn, which is thought to have been mutually intelligible with Faroese. Until the 15th century, Faroese had a similar orthography to Icelandic and Norwegian, but after the Reformation in 1538, the ruling Danes outlawed its use in schools, churches and official documents. Although a rich spoken tradition survived, for 300 years the language was not written down. This means that all poems and stories were handed down orally. These works were split into the following divisions: sagnir (historical), ævintýr (stories) and kvæði (ballads), often set to music and the mediaeval chain dance. These were eventually written down in the 19th century.
Ólavsøka[link]
The national holiday, Ólavsøka, is on 29 July, and commemorates the death of Saint Olaf. The celebrations are held in Tórshavn. They start on the evening of the 28th and continue until 31 July.
The official celebration starts on the 29th, with the opening of the Faroese Parliament, a custom that dates back 900 years.[17] This begins with a service held in Tórshavn Cathedral; all members of parliament as well as civil and church officials walk to the cathedral in a procession. All of the parish ministers take turns giving the sermon. After the service, the procession returns to the parliament for the opening ceremony.
Other celebrations are marked by different kinds of sports competitions, the rowing competition (in Tórshavn Harbour) being the most popular, art exhibitions, pop concerts, and the famous Faroese dance. The celebrations have many facets, and only a few are mentioned here.
People also mark the occasion by wearing the national Faroese dress.
The Nordic House in the Faroe Islands[link]
The Nordic House in the Faroe Islands (in Faroese Norðurlandahúsið) is the most important cultural institution in the Faroes. Its aim is to support and promote Scandinavian and Faroese culture, locally and in the Nordic region. Erlendur Patursson (1913–1986), Faroese member of the Nordic Council, raised the idea of a Nordic cultural house in the Faroe Islands. A Nordic competition for architects was held in 1977, in which 158 architects participated. Winners were Ola Steen from Norway and Kolbrún Ragnarsdóttir from Iceland. By staying true to folklore, the architects built the Nordic House to resemble an enchanted hill of elves. The house opened in Tórshavn in 1983. The Nordic House is a cultural organization under the Nordic Council of Ministers. The Nordic House is run by a steering committee of eight, of whom three are Faroese and five from other Nordic countries. There is also a local advisory body of fifteen members, representing Faroese cultural organizations. The House is managed by a director appointed by the steering committee for a four-year term.
Faroese literature[link]
Main article: Faroese literature
![[icon]](http://web.archive.org./web/20130131054404/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg){kind=small} |
This section requires expansion. |
Faroese literature in the traditional sense of the word has only really developed in the past 100–200 years. This is mainly because of the islands' isolation, and also because the Faroese language was not written down in a standardised format until 1890. The Danish language was also encouraged at the expense of Faroese. Nevertheless, the Faroes have produced several authors and poets.
Music[link]
Main article: Music of the Faroe Islands
The Faroe Islands have an active music scene. The islands have their own symphony orchestra, the classical ensemble Aldubáran and many different choirs; the best-known being Havnarkórið. The best-known Faroese composers are Sunleif Rasmussen and the Dane Kristian Blak. Blak is also head of the record company Tutl.
The first Faroese opera was by Sunleif Rasmussen. It is entitled Í Óðamansgarði (The Madman´s Garden), and it had its premiere on 12 October 2006, at the Nordic House. The opera is based on a short story by the writer William Heinesen.
Young Faroese musicians who have gained much popularity recently are Eivør (Eivør Pálsdóttir), Anna Katrin Egilstrøð, Annika av Matras, Lena (Lena Andersen), Teitur (Teitur Lassen), Høgni Reistrup, Høgni Lisberg, Heiðrik (Heiðrik á Heygum), Guðrið Hansdóttir and Brandur Enni.
Well-known bands include Týr, Gestir, The Ghost, Boys In A Band, ORKA, 200, Grandma's Basement, SIC, and the former band Clickhaze.
The festival of contemporary and classical music, Summartónar, is held each summer. Large open-air music festivals for popular music with both local and international musicians participating are G! Festival in Gøta in July and Summarfestivalurin in Klaksvík in August.
Traditional food[link]
Main article: Faroese cuisine
Traditional Faroese food is mainly based on meat, seafood and potatoes and uses few fresh vegetables. Mutton is the basis of many meals, and one of the most popular treats is skerpikjøt, well aged, wind-dried mutton, which is quite chewy. The drying shed, known as a hjallur, is a standard feature in many Faroese homes, particularly in the small towns and villages. Other traditional foods are ræst kjøt (semi-dried mutton) and ræstur fiskur, matured fish. Another Faroese specialty is Grind og spik, pilot whale meat and blubber. (A parallel meat/fat dish made with offal is garnatálg.) Well into the last century, meat and blubber from a pilot whale meant food for a long time. Fresh fish also features strongly in the traditional local diet, as do seabirds, such as Faroese puffins, and their eggs. Dried fish is also commonly eaten.
There is one brewery called Föroya Bjór, which has produced beer since 1888 with exports mainly to Iceland and Denmark. A local specialty is fredrikk, a special brew, made in Nólsoy. Production of hard alcohol such as snaps is forbidden in the Faroe Islands, hence the Faroese aqua vit, Aqua Vita, is produced abroad.
Since the friendly British occupation, the Faroese have been fond of British food, in particular fish and chips and British-style chocolate such as Cadbury Dairy Milk, which is found in many of the island's shops, whereas in Denmark this is scarce.
Whaling[link]
Main article: Whaling in the Faroe Islands
There are records of drive hunts in the Islands dating from 1584.[18] It is regulated by Faroese authorities but not by the International Whaling Commission as there are disagreements about the Commission's legal authority to regulate small cetacean hunts. Hundreds of long-finned pilot whales (Globicephala melaena) are killed annually, mainly during the summer. The hunts, called "grindadráp" in Faroese, are non-commercial and are organized on a community level; anyone can participate. The hunters first surround the pilot whales with a wide semicircle of boats. Then they drive the whales slowly into a bay or to the shallows of a fjord. When a whale is in shallow water a hook is placed in its blowhole so that it may be dragged ashore. Once on land or immobilized in knee-deep water, a cut is made across its top near the blowhole to partially sever its head. The dead animals are then dragged further to shore after the remaining whales have been likewise killed.[19]
Some Faroese consider the hunt an important part of their culture and history. Animal-rights groups, such as the Sea Shepherd organization criticize it as being cruel and unnecessary, while the hunters claim in return that most journalists do not exhibit sufficient knowledge of the catch methods or its economic significance.[20][21][22]
Sport[link]
The Faroe Islands compete in the biennial Island Games, which were hosted by the islands in 1989. Ten football teams contest the Faroe Islands Premier League, currently ranked 51st by UEFA's League coefficient. The Faroe Islands are a full member of UEFA and the Faroe Islands national football team competes in the UEFA European Football Championship qualifiers. The country is also a full member of FIFA and therefore the Faroe Islands football team also competes in the FIFA World Cup qualifiers. The country won its first ever competitive match when the team defeated Austria 1–0 in a UEFA Euro 1992 qualifier. On 7 June 2011, the Faroe Islands secured their first competitive win in the UEFA European Championship qualifying rounds in 16 years, when they beat Estonia 2–0 in Toftir. The Faroe Islands compete in the Paralympics, but have yet to make an appearance in the Olympics, where they compete as part of Denmark.
Handcrafts[link]
Lace knitting is a traditional handicraft. The most distinctive trait of Faroese lace shawls is the center back gusset shaping. Each shawl consists of two triangular side panels, a trapezoid-shaped back gusset, an edge treatment, and usually shoulder shaping.
Public holidays[link]
- See also: Public holidays in Denmark
- New Year's Day, 1 January
- Maundy Thursday
- Good Friday
- Easter Sunday
- Easter Monday
- Flag day, 25 April
- General/Great Prayer Day (Dýri biðidagur), 4th Friday after Easter
- Ascension Day
- Whit Sunday
- Whit Monday
- Constitution Day, 5 June (½ day holiday)
- St.Olav’s Eve, 28 July (½ day holiday)
- St.Olav’s Day, 29 July (National holiday)
- Christmas Eve, 24 December
- Christmas Day, 25 December
- Boxing Day, 26 December
- New Year’s Eve, 31 December (½ day holiday)
Climate[link]
The climate is classed as Maritime Subarctic according to the (Köppen climate classification: Cfc). The overall character of the islands' climate is influenced by the strong warming influence of the Atlantic Ocean, which produces the North Atlantic Current. This, together with the remoteness of any source of warm airflows, ensures that winters are mild (mean temperature 3.0 to 4.0 °C or 37 to 39°F) while summers are cool (mean temperature 9.5 to 10.5 °C or 49 to 51°F).
The islands are windy, cloudy and cool throughout the year with over 260 annual rainy days. The islands lie in the path of depressions moving northeast and this means that strong winds and heavy rain are possible at all times of the year. Sunny days are rare and overcast days are common. Hurricane Faith struck the Faroe Islands on 5 September 1966 with sustained winds over 100 mph (160 km/h) and only then did the storm cease to be a tropical system.[23]
The registration of meteorologic data on the Faroe Islands started in 1867.[24]
Flora[link]
Main article: Flora of the Faroe Islands
File:Myrisolja.jpg
Marsh marigold (Caltha palustris) is common in the Faroe Islands in May–June.
The natural vegetation of the Faroe Islands is dominated by Arctic-alpine plants, wildflowers, grasses, moss and lichen. Most of the lowland area is grassland and some is heath, dominated by shrubby heathers, mainly Calluna vulgaris. Among the herbaceous flora that occur in the Faroe Islands is the cosmopolitan Marsh Thistle, Cirsium palustre.[25]
Faroe is characterised by the lack of trees, resembling Connemara and Dingle in Ireland and the Scottish islands.
A few small plantations consisting of plants collected from similar climates such as Tierra del Fuego in South America and Alaska thrive on the islands.
Fauna[link]
Main article: Fauna of the Faroe Islands
Birds[link]
The bird fauna of the Faroe Islands is dominated by seabirds and birds attracted to open land like heather, probably due to the lack of woodland and other suitable habitats. Many species have developed special Faroese sub-species: Common Eider, European Starling, Winter Wren, Common Guillemot, and Black Guillemot.[26] The Pied Raven was endemic to the Faroe Islands, but has now become extinct.
Mammals[link]
Only a few species of wild land mammals are found in the Faroe Islands today, all introduced by humans. Three species are thriving on the islands today: Mountain Hare (Lepus timidus), Brown Rat (Rattus norvegicus) and the House Mouse (Mus domesticus). Apart from these, there once was a local domestic sheep breed called Faroes (depicted on the coat of arms), a variety of feral sheep survived on Little Dímun until the mid-19th century.[27]
Grey Seals (Halichoerus grypus) are common around the shorelines.[citation needed] Several species of cetacean live in the waters around the Faroe Islands. Best known are the Long-finned Pilot Whales (Globicephala melaena), which are still annually hunted by the islanders in accordance with longstanding local tradition.[28] Rare killer whales (Orcinus orca) sometimes visit the Faroese fjords.
Domestic animals[link]
Main article: Faroe Islands domestic animals
The domestic animals of the Faroe Islands are a result of 1,200 years of isolated breeding. As a result, many of the islands' domestic animals are found nowhere else in the world. Faroese domestic breed include Faroe pony, Faroe cow, Faroese sheep, Faroese Goose and Faroe duck.
Natural history and biology[link]
A collection of Faroese marine algae resulting from a survey sponsored by NATO, the British Museum (Natural History) and the Carlsberg Foundation, is preserved in the Ulster Museum (catalogue numbers: F3195–F3307). It is one of ten exsiccatae sets.
See also[link]
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References[link]
- ^ a b Statistical Facts about the Faroe Islands, http://www.tinganes.fo/Default.aspx?ID=219, The Prime Minister's Office, accessed 13 July 2011
- ^ a b https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/fo.html CIA - The World Factbook, accessed 13 July 2011
- ^ [1] Randburg.com website
- ^ [2] Website of The Prime Minister's Office
- ^ Denmark and Faroe Islands in constitutional clash, IceNews 6 July 2011
- ^ Implementation of Schengen convention by the prime minister as approved by the Løgting
- ^ Brittle tectonism in relation to the Palaeogene evolution of the Thulean/NE Atlantic domain: a study in Ulster, accessed 10 November 2007
- ^ http://eclipse.gsfc.nasa.gov/SEplot/SEplot2001/SE2015Mar20T.GIF
- ^ a b c Statistics Faroe Islands; Labour Market and Wages, accessed 4 August 2009
- ^ Sherwell, Philip (20 May 2001). "Oil boosts Faroes fight for independence". Telegraph. http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/europe/faroeislands/1331001/Oil-boosts-Faroes-fight-for-independence.html.
- ^ http://www.fmr.fo//Index.asp?pID=1D580A05-61C2-4CA7-8687-989EA0D511E9
- ^ Lyall, Sarah (1 November 2008). "Iceland, Mired in Debt, Blames Britain for Woes". New York Times. p. A6. http://www.nytimes.com/2008/11/02/world/europe/02iceland.html?pagewanted=1. Retrieved 1 November 2008.
- ^ [3] Logting.fo
- ^ Als, Thomas D.; Jorgensen, Tove H.; Børglum, Anders D.; Petersen, Peter A.; Mors, Ole (2006). "Highly discrepant proportions of female and male Scandinavian and British Isles ancestry within the isolated population of the Faroe Islands". European Journal of Human Genetics 14 (4): 497–504. DOI:10.1038/sj.ejhg.5201578. PMID 16434998.
- ^ Jorgensen, Tove H.; Buttenschön, Henriette N.; Wang, August G.; Als, Thomas D.; Børglum, Anders D. (2004). "The origin of the isolated population of the Faroe Islands investigated using Y chromosomal markers". Human Genetics 115 (1): 19–28. DOI:10.1007/s00439-004-1117-7.
- ^ Wang, C. August. 2006. Ílegur og Føroya Søga. In: Frøði pp. 20-23
- ^ Schei, Kjørsvik Liv and Moberg, Gunnie. 1991. The Faroe Islands. ISBN 0-7195-5009-2
- ^ Brakes, Philippa (2004). "A background to whaling". In Philippa Brakes, Andrew Butterworth, Mark Simmonds & Philip Lymbery. Troubled Waters: A Review of the Welfare Implications of Modern Whaling Activities. p. 7. ISBN 0-9547065-0-1. http://www.wdcs.org/submissions_bin/troubledwaters.pdf.
- ^ "GrindaDrap: Video of a Whale Hunt". YouTube.com. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yXZPmdULIKs. Retrieved 28 September 2010.
- ^ "Whales and whaling in the Faroe Islands". Faroese Government. Archived from the original on 2009-03-24. http://web.archive.org/web/20090324072829/http://www.whaling.fo/thepilot.htm. Retrieved 2006-12-05. [dead link]
- ^ "Why do whales and dolphins strand?". WDCS. Archived from the original on 2007-10-31. http://web.archive.org/web/20071031231236/http://www.wdcs.org/dan/publishing.nsf/allweb/99E632F7502FCC3B802568F20048794C. Retrieved 2006-12-05. [dead link]
- ^ Chrismar, Nicole (28 July 2006). "Dolphins Hunted for Sport and Fertilizer". ABC News. http://abcnews.go.com/Technology/story?id=2248161&page=1. Retrieved 21 July 2009.
- ^ GHCN Climate data, Thorshavn series 1881 to 2007
- ^ http://rdgs.dk/djg/pdfs/101/1/06.pdf Plant production on a Faeroese farm 1813-1892, related to climatic fluctuations
- ^ C. Michael Hogan. 2009 Marsh Thistle: Cirsium palustre, GlobalTwitcher, ed. N. Stromberg
- ^ [4] The Faroese Fauna
- ^ Ryder, M. L. (1981). "A survey of European primitive breeds of sheep". Ann. Génét. Sél. Anim. 13 (4): 381–418 [p. 400]. http://www.biomedcentral.com/content/pdf/1297-9686-13-4-381.pdf.
- ^ [5] Earth First website
Further reading[link]
- Irvine, David Edward Guthrie. 1982. Seaweed of the Faroes 1: The flora. Bull. Br. Mus. nat. Hist. (Bot.) 10(3): 109–131.
- Tittley, I., Farnham, W.F. and Gray, P.W.G. 1982. Seaweeds of the Faroes 2: Sheltered fjords and sounds. Bull. Br. Mus. nat. Hist. (Bot.) 10: 133–151.
- Alexander Wachter: Färöer selbst entdecken. Edition Elch, Offenbach am Main 2002. ISBN 3-85862-155-2. (German Travel Guide Book about the islands.)
External links[link]
| Find more about Faroe Islands on Wikipedia's sister projects: | |
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Definitions and translations from Wiktionary |
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Images and media from Commons |
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Learning resources from Wikiversity |
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News stories from Wikinews |
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Quotations from Wikiquote |
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Source texts from Wikisource |
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Textbooks from Wikibooks |
- Government
- Prime Minister's Office - Official site
- National Library of the Faroe Islands
- General information
- Faroe Islands entry at The World Factbook
- Faroe Islands at UCB Libraries GovPubs
- Faroe Islands at the Open Directory Project
- Wikimedia Atlas of the Faroe Islands
- Tourism
- Faroe Islands travel guide from Wikitravel
- Visit Faroe Islands official tourist site
- Faroe Islands Tourist Guide
- Pictures from Faroe Islands by various photographers
- Gallery of stunning photos of the Faroe Islands
- Faroeislands.dk - Is a private page covering all villages on the Faroe Islands
- Nordic House - Official site of the Nordic House in the Faroe Islands
- New York Times Travel section feature, March 2007
- Photographs of the Faroe Islands
- How to get to Faroe Islands Via Iceland
- Other
- vifanord – a digital library that provides scientific information on the Nordic and Baltic countries as well as the Baltic region as a whole
- Faroe Foraminifera – Deep Sea Fauna: Foraminifera of the Faroe shelf and Faroe-Shetland Channel - an image gallery and description of 56 specimens
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http://wn.com/Faroe_Islands
Related pages:
http://de.wn.com/Färöer
http://es.wn.com/Islas Feroe
http://ru.wn.com/Фарерские острова
http://cs.wn.com/Faerské ostrovy
http://pt.wn.com/Ilhas Feroe
http://pl.wn.com/Wyspy Owcze
http://hi.wn.com/फ़रो द्वीपसमूह
http://it.wn.com/Isole Fær Øer
http://id.wn.com/Kepulauan Faroe
http://nl.wn.com/Faeröer
http://fr.wn.com/Îles Féroé
This page contains text from Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Faroe_Islands
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This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, which means that you can copy and modify it as long as the entire work (including additions) remains under this license.
 McCourt playing for Celtic |
|||
| Personal information | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Full name | Patrick James McCourt[1] | ||
| Date of birth | (1983-12-16) December 16, 1983 (age 28) | ||
| Place of birth | Derry, Northern Ireland | ||
| Height | 1.81 m (5 ft 11 1⁄2 in) | ||
| Playing position | Left winger | ||
| Club information | |||
| Current club | Celtic | ||
| Number | 20 | ||
| Youth career | |||
| 1998–2000 | Foyle Harps | ||
| 2000–2001 | Rochdale | ||
| Senior career* | |||
| Years | Team | Apps† | (Gls)† |
| 2001–2005 | Rochdale | 79 | (8) |
| 2005 | Shamrock Rovers | 17 | (7) |
| 2005–2008 | Derry City | 61 | (5) |
| 2008– | Celtic | 51 | (9) |
| National team‡ | |||
| 2002–2004 | Northern Ireland U21 | 9 | (1) |
| 2002– | Northern Ireland | 10 | (2) |
| * Senior club appearances and goals counted for the domestic league only and correct as of 16 May 2012. † Appearances (Goals). |
|||
Patrick James "Paddy" McCourt (born 16 December 1983) is a Northern Irish footballer who plays as a left winger for Scottish Premier League club Celtic and the Northern Ireland national football team.
He started his career with English Football League side Rochdale in 2001, before moving to League of Ireland side Shamrock Rovers in 2005. A year later he moved to fellow League of Ireland team, Derry City where he won the FAI Cup in 2006 and also won the League of Ireland Cup twice in 2006 and 2007. In 2008 he signed for Scottish Premier League club Celtic and won the Scottish Cup in 2011.
He made his Northern Ireland debut in 2002 but didn't play again until 2009. He scored his first two goals against the Faroe Islands on 10 August 2011.
Contents |
Club career[link]
Rochdale[link]
Born in Derry, Northern Ireland, McCourt was educated at Steelstown Primary School in Derry and began his career with an early move from Foyle Harps to Rochdale on a youth team contract. His potential quickly persuaded the Spotland club to sign him on a three-and-a-half-year contract in December 2001, shortly after making his debut against Kidderminster Harriers. His first season ended with 23 appearances and four goals. This came at the peak of McCourt's early career,[2] and he attracted the attention of several Premier League clubs during 2002–03, including Blackburn Rovers and Manchester City.[3]
In the 2003–04 season, McCourt managed just a handful of starts for the club and had two spells away on trial with First Division sides Norwich City[4] and Crewe Alexandra, though neither club followed up their initial interest in him. Despite scoring goals during his spell at Spotland Stadium, a combination of injuries and loss of form hastened his departure from Rochdale in February 2005.
After Rochdale manager Steve Parkin had informed him that he was to be released, McCourt headed for another trial, this time with Scottish Premier League outfit Motherwell. Again a move failed to materialise after a two-week stay at Fir Park.
Shamrock Rovers[link]
In March 2005, McCourt was signed by Roddy Collins, manager of League of Ireland full-timers, Shamrock Rovers.[4]
He scored three goals in his first six appearances for the Dublin club and topped the goalscoring table by May 2005. As the club ran into financial difficulty, mainly due to the costs surrounding the building of Tallaght Stadium, the club were forced to place all their players on the transfer list for free, however, this excluded McCourt. After 7 goals in 17 appearances (3 of which were goal of the season contenders)[5] and following interest from Bristol City and Queen's Park Rangers, Shamrock Rovers, in need of funds, decided to let McCourt go. The player was signed by his home-town club, Derry City, for a fee thought to be around £60,000. He was Rovers top goalscorer that season and won the Professional Footballers Association of Ireland award of 'Young Player of the Year'.[6]
Derry City[link]
McCourt helped Derry City to the runners-up position in both the 2005 and 2006 League of Ireland seasons. In the 2006 season he played in their UEFA Cup run in wins over IFK Gothenburg and Gretna and helped Derry to the FAI Cup and League of Ireland Cup. McCourt scored six goals in 31 appearances for City in the 2007 season and won a League of Ireland Cup medal. His skill had reportedly interested West Bromwich Albion, and Derry City announced in June 2008 that they had reached agreement with the newly-promoted Premier League side.[7]
Celtic[link]
In June 2008, Derry agreed a fee with Celtic for McCourt. Premier League club West Brom had also agreed terms with both player and club, as had Norwich City, but the lure of joining Celtic, the club he supported as a boy, persuaded McCourt to move to Glasgow.[8] On 19 June, McCourt signed for the club for an undisclosed fee after agreeing a three-year contract.[8] He made his competitive debut for Celtic on 25 October 2008 in the 4–2 win over Hibernian.[9]
He has featured prominently for the Celtic reserve team, particularly in the game on 28 April 2009 against Rangers which clinched the Reserve League Title for the Hoops for the eighth season in succession, a career high point for him.[10] He also appeared at the inaugural Wembley Cup in which he excelled for Celtic. He featured in another of Celtic's pre-season friendly matches against Manchester City on 8 August 2009 at Eastlands.
On 23 September, McCourt opened his goalscoring account for Celtic with a memorable goal in a League Cup match at Falkirk,[11] in which he beat five defenders before chipping the ball over Bairns goalkeeper Robert Olejnik. He then scored his first SPL goal in his first league start three days later, against St Mirren on 26 September,[12] a goal very similar to his previous strike, which saw him ghost past six defenders before beating the goalkeeper in addition. On 24 January 2010, McCourt bagged his second league goal for Celtic against St Johnstone after a mazy run and supreme finish into the top right hand corner, from just inside the penalty box.[13] McCourt also scored the second of Celtic's goals in a 2–1 victory over Seattle Sounders in a friendly match in Seattle on 18 July.[14]
In the first game of the 2010–11 SPL season, McCourt scored the only goal of the game against newly-promoted Inverness CT with a typical solo run and shot, beating three defenders and then netting from the edge of the box.[15] He scored his second goal of the season – his first at Celtic Park – in Celtic's 3–0 victory over Hearts on 11 September, after spectacularly beating 3 players before chipping the goalkeeper. On 6 November, McCourt netted the final goal of Celtic's 9–0 demolition of Aberdeen from the penalty spot.[16] On 27 November, he scored Celtic's 600th home SPL goal[17] in a 2-2 draw with Inverness at Celtic Park, with another mazy run, and precise finish.[17] On 29 December, McCourt scored the winning goal in the a 1-0 win against Motherwell with another skillful run and 20-yard finish.[18] On 26 January, McCourt added another SPL goal, a 4-0 win over Hearts from just inside the penalty box.[19] On 15 August it was reported, after he had scored his first goals for Northern Ireland, that several English clubs, including Liverpool, were interested in buying him.[20]
International career[link]
McCourt has represented Northern Ireland at International level.[21] He received nine caps for Northern Ireland under-21s.[22]
In April 2002, Northern Ireland manager Sammy McIlroy handed him his senior international debut against Spain at Windsor Park.[23][24] His second cap came in February 2009 after he came on as a substitute against San Marino in a qualifying match for the 2010 World Cup.[25][26]
McCourt scored his first international brace with two exceptional solo goals, as he helped Northern Ireland to a 4-0 victory over the Faroe Islands in a 2012 European Championships qualification match on the 10 August 2011.[27]
International goals[link]
- Scores and results list Northern Ireland's goal tally first
| Goal | Date | Venue | Opponent | Score | Result | Competition |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 10 August 2011 | Windsor Park, Belfast |  Faroe Islands |
3-0 | 4-0 | UEFA Euro 2012 qualifying |
| 2 | 10 August 2011 | Windsor Park, Belfast | Faroe Islands |
4-0 | 4-0 | UEFA Euro 2012 qualifying |
Style of play[link]
McCourt is known for his exceptional ball control and dribbling ability, as well as his ability to score spectacular solo goals. This has led to him being nicknamed "the Derry Pelé" by players, fans and pundits.[28][29][30]
Personal life[link]
McCourt's elder brother Harry also played for Derry City and was joint top scorer in the League of Ireland during the 1991–92 season;[31] he now serves as a director at Derry City.[32]
On 12 January 2011, bullets were sent in the post to McCourt, from an address in Northern Ireland. Celtic manager Neil Lennon and teammate Niall McGinn were sent similar packages earlier in the same week.[33]
Career statistics[link]
- As of 16 May 2012
| Club | Season | League | Cups[34] | Europe | Total | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | ||
| Rochdale | 2001–02 | 23 | 4 | 3 | 0 | - | - | 26 | 4 |
| 2002–03 | 26 | 2 | 3 | 0 | - | - | 29 | 2 | |
| 2003–04 | 24 | 2 | 4 | 0 | - | - | 28 | 2 | |
| 2004–05 | 6 | 0 | 2 | 0 | - | - | 8 | 0 | |
| Total | 79 | 8 | 12 | 0 | - | - | 91 | 8 | |
| Shamrock Rovers | 2005 | 17 | 7 | - | - | - | - | 17 | 7 |
| Total | 17 | 7 | - | - | - | - | 17 | 7 | |
| Derry City | 2005 | 15 | 1 | 4 | 0 | - | - | 19 | 1 |
| 2006 | 21 | 2 | 6 | 1 | 3 | 0 | 30 | 3 | |
| 2007 | 17 | 2 | 11 | 4 | 2 | 0 | 30 | 6 | |
| 2008 | 8 | 0 | 1 | 0 | - | - | 9 | 0 | |
| Total | 61 | 5 | 22 | 5 | 5 | 0 | 88 | 10 | |
| Celtic | 2008–09 | 4 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 5 | 0 |
| 2009–10 | 9 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 3 | 0 | 14 | 3 | |
| 2010–11 | 25 | 7 | 5 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 31 | 7 | |
| 2011–12 | 11 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 16 | 0 | |
| Total | 51 | 9 | 11 | 1 | 6 | 0 | 68 | 10 | |
| Career total | 208 | 29 | 45 | 6 | 11 | 0 | 264 | 35 | |
Honours[link]
- FAI Cup: 1
-
- Derry City – 2006, 2007
- Scottish Cup: 1
- Sky Sports News SPL Goal of the Season 2009/10 (versus St. Mirren)
References[link]
- ^ Hugman, Barry J., ed. (2005). The PFA Footballers' Who's Who 2005/06. Mainstream Publishing. p. 259. ISBN 1-85291-662-1.
- ^ Jonathan Greaney Hard work still to be done for Patrick Rochdale Observer, 11 March 2003
- ^ West Brom pull out of battle for McCourt as Celtic target Derry winger London Evening Standard, 19 June 2008
- ^ a b Patrick McCourt – Biography, Flown From the Nest, 10 September 2005
- ^ Shamrock Rovers v Bray Shamrock Rovers FC
- ^ Ireland – Player of the Year and Other Awards Rec Sport Soccer Statistics Foundation
- ^ CityWeb[dead link] Derry City FC
- ^ a b "McCourt seals transfer to Celtic". BBC Sport. 19 June 2008. http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/teams/c/celtic/7462901.stm. Retrieved 20 June 2008.
- ^ Peter Jardine Celtic's McCourt says he just wants to be taken seriously Mail Online, 27 October 2008
- ^ "Mystery Man McCourts Magic Show". The Herald. 29 April 2009. http://www.theherald.co.uk/sport/headlines/display.var.2504904.0.Mystery_man_McCourts_magic_show.php. Retrieved 30 April 2009.
- ^ Gregor Kyle Magical McCourt steals the show Celtic FC, 23 September 2009
- ^ McCourt sparkles as Celts win Celtic FC, 26 September 2009
- ^ Fortune favours the Hoops against Saints Celtic FC, 24 January 2007
- ^ Joe McHugh McCourt takes chance to make point Herald.ie, 19 July 2010
- ^ Keir Murray Inverness CT 0 – 1 Celtic BBC Sport, 14 August 2010
- ^ "Celtic 9–0 Aberdeen". BBC Sport. 6 November 2010. http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/hi/football/scot_prem/9161840.stm. Retrieved 7 November 2010.
- ^ a b "Celtic 2 - 2 Inverness CT". BBC Sport. 27 November 2010. http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/hi/football/scot_prem/9230565.stm. Retrieved 4 December 2010.
- ^ Celtic 1-0 Motherwell BBC Sport, 29 December 2010
- ^ Four-star Bhoys break Hearts Sky Sports, 26 January 2011
- ^ "Liverpool line up shock swoop for Celtic's 'Derry Pele' McCourt". Daily Mail. 15 August 2011. http://www.dailymail.co.uk/sport/football/article-2026130/Liverpool-line-swoop-Patrick-McCourt.html. Retrieved 15 August 2011.
- ^ Profile of Pat McCourt Irish FA
- ^ Paddy McCourt recalled to Northern Ireland squad The Scotsman, 29 September 2009
- ^ McCourt given senior chance The Independent, 11 April 2002
- ^ Raul mauls McIlroy's makeshift side in Spanish stroll The Guardian, 18 April 2002
- ^ McCourt ready for his second cap Londonderry Sentinel, 9 February 2009
- ^ San Marino 0-3 Northern Ireland BBC Sport, 11 February 2009
- ^ "N Ireland 4-0 Faroe Islands". BBC Sport. 10 August 2011. http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/hi/football/14466114.stm. Retrieved 10 August 2011.
- ^ Hooper's a big fan of the 'Derry Pele' Has recently being herald as one of the greatest players to come from Northern Ireland to the Scottish Premier League. Celtic FC, 8 December 2010
- ^ Celtic must give Paddy McCourt more game time to see him flourish, says ex-boss Stephen Kenny Daily Record, 29 November 2010
- ^ Having to answer fitness questions the only thing leaving Paddy McCourt out of breath HeraldScotland, 13 August 2010
- ^ Northern Ireland – List of Topscorers Rec Sport Soccer Statistics Foundation
- ^ Derry City to meet with season ticket holders BBC News, 4 December 2009
- ^ "Bullets in post target Celtic footballer Paddy McCourt". BBC News. 12 January 2011. http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-northern-ireland-12168533.
- ^ Includes FA Cup, Scottish Cup, Scottish League Cup, FAI Cup, FAI League Cup, Setanta Cup, League Cup and FA Community Shield
External links[link]
|
|||||
| Persondata | |
|---|---|
| Name | McCourt, Patrick James |
| Alternative names | |
| Short description | Footballer |
| Date of birth | 16 December 1983 |
| Place of birth | Derry, Northern Ireland |
| Date of death | |
| Place of death | |
http://wn.com/Paddy_McCourt
Related pages:
http://ru.wn.com/Маккорт, Пэдди
http://fr.wn.com/Patrick McCourt
http://de.wn.com/Paddy McCourt
http://it.wn.com/Patrick McCourt
http://pl.wn.com/Patrick McCourt
http://es.wn.com/Patrick McCourt
This page contains text from Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paddy_McCourt
This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, which means that you can copy and modify it as long as the entire work (including additions) remains under this license.
This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, which means that you can copy and modify it as long as the entire work (including additions) remains under this license.
.jpg) Özil playing for German national team. |
|||
| Personal information | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Full name | Mesut Özil | ||
| Date of birth | (1988-10-15) 15 October 1988 (age 23) | ||
| Place of birth | Gelsenkirchen, West Germany | ||
| Height | 1.83 m (6 ft 0 in)[1] | ||
| Playing position | Attacking midfielder | ||
| Club information | |||
| Current club | Real Madrid | ||
| Number | 10 | ||
| Youth career | |||
| 1995–1998 | Westfalia 04 Gelsenkirchen | ||
| 1998–1999 | Teutonia Schalke-Nord | ||
| 1999–2000 | Falke Gelsenkirchen | ||
| 2000–2005 | Rot-Weiss Essen | ||
| 2005–2006 | Schalke 04 | ||
| Senior career* | |||
| Years | Team | Apps† | (Gls)† |
| 2006–2008 | Schalke 04 | 30 | (0) |
| 2008–2010 | Werder Bremen | 71 | (13) |
| 2010– | Real Madrid | 71 | (10) |
| National team‡ | |||
| 2006–2007 | Germany U19 | 11 | (4) |
| 2007–2009 | Germany U21 | 16 | (5) |
| 2009– | Germany | 33 | (8) |
| * Senior club appearances and goals counted for the domestic league only and correct as of 19:47, 13 May 2012 (UTC). † Appearances (Goals). |
|||
Mesut Özil (German pronunciation: [ˈmeːzut ˈøːzil], Turkish pronunciation: [me̞ˈsut ˈø̞zil]) (born 15 October 1988) is a German footballer who plays for Spanish La Liga club Real Madrid and the Germany national football team. Özil has been a youth national team member since 2006, and a member of the German national team since 2009. He gained international attention during the 2010 FIFA World Cup and was nominated for the Golden Ball Award, which is awarded to the tournament's best player. Following his breakout performance at the World Cup, he was transferred from Werder Bremen to Real Madrid in August 2010.
Özil is acclaimed for his finesse and improvisation as an attacking midfielder. His style and knack for providing assists for his team-mates has been compared to that of Real Madrid legend Zinedine Zidane. In 2011, he ranked second in assists in La Liga with 17, and first in major European competitions with 25.[2][3]
Contents |
Club career[link]
Gelsenkirchen and Rot-Weiss Essen[link]
Özil began his youth career playing for various clubs in Gelsenkirchen and then played five years for Rot-Weiss Essen.
Schalke 04[link]
In 2005, he moved to the youth department of FC Schalke 04. He was a midfielder and wore 17 as his squad number, after starting as a playmaker and central attacking midfielder in the place of the suspended Lincoln in Ligapokal matches against Bayer Leverkusen and Bayern Munich.[4] On making the first team there, he was described as "the next big thing," but he eventually fell out with club management and moved on to Werder Bremen in January 2008.[5]
Werder Bremen[link]
On 31 January 2008, he moved to Werder Bremen for a reported fee of €4.3 million, signing a contract with the German club until 30 June 2011.[6] Fresh off his fallout at Schalke 04, he stepped into the shoes of Brazilian playmaker Diego to help lead the north German club to the 2009 DFB-Pokal with the winning goal in a 1–0 victory over Bayer Leverkusen in Berlin.[7] He also excelled in Europe where he led Werder Bremen to the final of the last ever UEFA Cup, losing out to Shakhtar Donetsk of Ukraine.[8] Although Bremen failed to get going in their 2008–09 Bundesliga season, eventually finishing a disappointing 10th, Özil managed to make a significant impact in most games and came away with a respectable three goals and 15 assists that highlighted his attacking credentials.[8] In his second season, Bremen finished a respectable third, with Özil contributing nine goals and 17 assists in 31 league fixture appearances.
Real Madrid[link]
2010–11 season[link]
Due to his performances in the 2010 FIFA World Cup, he ensured his place among Europe's top young talents. He was sought by teams like Barcelona, Arsenal, and Manchester United and reports even claimed that a deal was struck for a transfer to Barça. Werder Bremen denied the report and on 17 August 2010, the team announced that they had reached an agreement with Real Madrid.[9] The transfer fee is believed to have been in the region of €15 million.[10] Upon signing, Özil said, "When the offer came in to join Real Madrid, there is no decision to make. Let's be honest – you don't refuse this club. I was in no rush to leave Werder Bremen, but this is one club you say yes to. They are an institution, a club with a fantastic history, stadium and squad full of world-class players. The prospect of performing at the Bernabeu is so awesome you jump straight in."[11]
He made his debut on 22 August in a friendly match against Hércules, which Real Madrid won 3–1.[12]
Özil's jersey numbers were changed often before the season started. He was given the number 26 in the pre-season and 19 for his debut. But following the transfer of Rafael van der Vaart to Tottenham Hotspur, he was given the vacant 23.
Özil was brought in to back up teammate Kaká, but due to his surgery, Özil obtained a starting role. He then made his La Liga debut for Real Madrid as a substitute for Ángel di María in the 62nd minute against Mallorca, which Real Madrid drew 0–0.[13] Özil made his season debut in Champions League on 15 September. He got his first assist with Real Madrid in the 74th minute against Ajax after he crossed in the ball, resulting in a Gonzalo Higuaín goal.[14] Özil's performances for Real Madrid have been praised by media, fans and players.[15]
He walked off the pitch as a second half substitute to standing ovations in his first two games as a starter at the Santiago Bernabéu. His first goal came in a league match against Deportivo La Coruña on 3 October 2010, in a 6–1 victory.[16] Özil's first Champions League goal with Real came in the 14th minute against Milan on 19 October 2010.[17] On 22 December, he made his debut in the Copa del Rey, scoring once in a 8–0 victory over Levante.[18]
On 6 March 2011, after providing two assists in a 3–1 victory over Racing de Santander, Özil was greatly praised by worldwide media thanks to his performance on the pitch, thus consolidating his outstanding season so far.[19] He finished the 2010–11 season with Madrid with 25 assists, the highest for any player in any major European competition that season.
2011–12 season[link]
Özil began wearing the number 10 shirt for Real Madrid in 2011–12, signalling manager José Mourinho's intent to use the German international as his main playmaker.[20] On 14 August 2011, Özil scored his first goal against Barcelona in El Clásico in the first leg of the 2011 Supercopa de España.[21] On 17 August 2011, Özil was sent off in the last minute of the second leg of the 2011 Supercopa after an altercation with Barça forward David Villa.[22] Özil expressed his desire to end his football days at the club in an interview with German magazine kicker, saying, "I'd like to end my career at Real Madrid. I know it will be difficult because I have many more years ahead of me and many younger and good players will also be out there, but I want to be part of that future. I know what I'm capable of and I'm convinced I'll stay at Real Madrid many years."[23]
Özil was on the short-list of this year's FIFA Ballon d'Or award.[24]
He finished atop the La Liga assists chart,with 17 assists.[25] On 2 May 2012, he helped Real Madrid to clinch its 32nd La Liga title as he assisted Real Madrid's first goal and scored the second goal against Bilbao, which Real Madrid later won by 3-0. Eleven days later, Özil scored two goals in the final game of the regular season against RCD Mallorca, once again consolidating his excellent performance with the club. The win made Real the first club in the Spanish top flight to ever reach 100 points in a season.[26]
International career[link]
Career start[link]
In an interview with FourFourTwo Magazine, Özil spoke about his choice to play for the German National Team: "I am third generation in Germany: my father grew up here. Turkey will always be a special country for me but I did not doubt my decision to play for Germany – ever. I started to play for Germany in the youth teams."[27]
In September 2006, Özil was called up for the Germany under-17 team. Özil has been a member of the German under-21 team since 2007. On 29 June 2009, Özil was selected the man of the match in a 4–0 win over England during the U-21 European Championship final.[5]
He made his debut for the senior side during a friendly match against Norway on 11 February 2009. He scored his first goal for the senior team in his third appearance, another friendly, against South Africa on 5 September in Leverkusen at the BayArena.
On an individual level, Özil was rewarded for his outstanding Bundesliga play by being named the best player of the first leg of the 2009 season.[28]
2010 World Cup[link]
Özil was selected for Germanys squad for the 2010 FIFA World Cup in South Africa, starting in all of the team's matches. Özil provided an assist for Cacau's goal to the 4-0 final score against Australia in Germany's first group game. He scored a left-footed half-volley from the edge of the penalty area against Ghana in the final group game, ensuring Germany progressed to the second round as group winners.[29] On 27 June 2010, he played in Germany's win over England in the last 16 match, setting up the fourth goal with a cross to Thomas Müller as Germany triumphed 4–1.[30] During the quarter-final match against Argentina, he assisted the second goal for Miroslav Klose with a cross to ensure the 4–0 final score for the Germans. FIFA announced that he was among the ten tournament players nominated for the Golden Ball.
Euro 2012[link]
Özil was one of the leading forces in Germany's qualification for UEFA Euro 2012, scoring five times during the campaign as Germany won 10 out of 10 games to top their group.[31] Özil also confirmed his reputation as a decisive passer, as he provided seven assists, more than any European international during Euro 2012 qualification.[32][33] When asked about his country's chances at Euro 2012, Özil simply replied, "We have the potential to beat anyone and we have what it takes to win the title."[34]On 29 February 2012, Özil was recognised as Germany's best international of the year for 2011 prior to kick-off at a friendly against France in Bremen.[35][36] Özil's Germany were drawn with the Netherlands, Denmark and Portugal into Group B at Euro 2012, widely touted as the "Group of death".[37]
Style of play[link]
Germany under-21 manager Horst Hrubesch once said, "We in Germany are prone to rave about foreign players. We praise Wayne Rooney to the heavens, likewise [Cristiano] Ronaldo or Messi. But we have our own Messi. Our Messi is Özil." [38] Özil brings finesse and improvisation to the midfield and his magical left foot can open any doors. Özil possesses great footwork and is known for his amazing passes in difficult situations, setting up his teammates for strikes on goal. He has superb ball control and has great awareness of the game on the pitch, which at its best can devastate any defence. He also boasts a powerful shot from distance, as evident during his match against Ghana during the 2010 FIFA World Cup or in the UEFA Euro 2012 qualifier against Belgium, where in the latter match, he scored a goal which has been described as a "piece of art."[5][39] Germany coach Joachim Löw hails Özil for his 'genius moments' and his performance without the ball.[40] Real Madrid Teammate Xabi Alonso describes Özil as "the kind of player you don't find these days," adding, "He understands the game, sees things, combines and thrives between the lines, unlocking teams," while José Mourinho says, "Ozil is unique. There is no copy of him – not even a bad copy."[41] Assistant coach of the Germany national football team Hans-Dieter Flick says, "We are proud to have him in our team. When he has the ball, you can feel the excitement and astonishment among the fans."[42]
His nicknames have included "der Rabe" (The Raven, or in Spanish, "El Cuervo") – playing on his smart and opportunistic style of play,[43] and at Werder Bremen “der neue Diego” (the new Diego) in reference to Brazilian Diego, whose playmaker role he inherited,[44] "German Messi"[45] and "German Zidane".[46] At Real Madrid he's supposedly called "Nemo" – in reference to the clownfish Nemo from the Pixar movie Finding Nemo.[41][47] His attacking midfield partnership in Germany internationals with young talent Mario Götze has earned the 'magic duo' the nickname Götzil, alluding to their similar playing positions, technique, abilities, and style of play.[48]
Personal life[link]
Özil is a third-generation Turkish-German,[49][28][50][51] who, in reference to his game, concludes, "My technique and feeling for the ball is the Turkish side to my game. The discipline, attitude and always-give-your-all is the German part."[52] Although of Turkish descent, his entire life has been committed to Germany.[28] His ancestors are from Devrek, Zonguldak in Northern Turkey.[53]
He is a practicing Muslim. He recites the Quran before his matches. Talking to the Berlin-based daily Der Tagesspiegel, Özil said, "I always do that before I go out (on the pitch). I pray and my teammates know that they cannot talk to me during this brief period."[54][55]
In 2010, Özil received the Bambi award for being a prime example of successful integration within German society.[56]
Career statistics[link]
Club statistics[link]
| Club | Season | League | Cup1 | Europe | Total | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Apps | Goals | Assists | Apps | Goals | Assists | Apps | Goals | Assists | Apps | Goals | Assists | ||
| Schalke 04 | 2006–07 | 19 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 21 | 0 | 1 |
| 2007–08 | 11 | 0 | 4 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 16 | 1 | 4 | |
| Total | 30 | 0 | 5 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 5 | 0 | 0 | 37 | 1 | 5 | |
| Werder Bremen | 2007–08 | 12 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 14 | 1 | 1 |
| 2008–09 | 28 | 3 | 12 | 5 | 2 | 1 | 14 | 0 | 7 | 47 | 5 | 20 | |
| 2009–10 | 31 | 9 | 12 | 5 | 0 | 2 | 10 | 2 | 7 | 44 | 11 | 21 | |
| 2010–11 | — | 1 | 0 | 1 | — | 1 | 0 | 1 | |||||
| Total | 71 | 13 | 25 | 11 | 2 | 4 | 26 | 2 | 14 | 106 | 15 | 43 | |
| Real Madrid | 2010–11 | 36 | 6 | 17 | 6 | 3 | 2 | 11 | 1 | 6 | 53 | 10 | 25 |
| 2011–12 | 35 | 4 | 17 | 7 | 1 | 4 | 10 | 1 | 3 | 52 | 6 | 24 | |
| Total | 71 | 10 | 34 | 13 | 4 | 6 | 21 | 2 | 9 | 105 | 16 | 49 | |
| Career totals | 172 | 23 | 64 | 26 | 7 | 10 | 52 | 4 | 23 | 248 | 32 | 97 | |
- 1Includes other competitive competitions, including the Supercopa de España.
International goals[link]
| # | Date | Venue | Opponent | Score | Result | Competition | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 5 September 2009 | BayArena, Leverkusen, Germany |  South Africa |
2–0 | 2–0 | Friendly | |||||
| 2 | 23 June 2010 | Soccer City, Johannesburg, South Africa |  Ghana |
1–0 | 1–0 | 2010 World Cup | |||||
| 3 | 8 October 2010 | Olympic Stadium, Berlin, Germany |  Turkey |
2–0 | 3–0 | UEFA Euro 2012 Qualifying | |||||
| 4 | 7 June 2011 | Tofiq Bahramov Stadium, Baku, Azerbaijan |  Azerbaijan |
1–0 | 3–1 | UEFA Euro 2012 Qualifying | |||||
| 5 | 2 September 2011 | Veltins-Arena, Gelsenkirchen, Germany |  Austria |
2–0 | 6–2 | UEFA Euro 2012 Qualifying | |||||
| 6 | 2 September 2011 | Veltins-Arena, Gelsenkirchen, Germany | Austria |
4–1 | 6–2 | UEFA Euro 2012 Qualifying | |||||
| 7 | 11 October 2011 | Esprit Arena, Düsseldorf, Germany |  Belgium |
1–0 | 3–1 | UEFA Euro 2012 Qualifying | |||||
| 8 | 15 November 2011 | Volksparkstadion, Hamburg, Germany |  Netherlands |
3–0 | 3–0 | Friendly | |||||
| Correct as of 15 November 2011 | |||||||||||
Honours[link]
Club[link]
- La Liga : 2011–12
- Copa del Rey: 2010–11
- Supercopa de España: 2011 Runner-up
Country[link]
- FIFA World Cup: Third place – Bronze medal: 2010
Individual[link]
- 2010 FIFA World Cup Most assists (3) (shared with Thomas Müller, Bastian Schweinsteiger, Kaká, and Dirk Kuyt)
- 2009 UEFA European U-21 Championship Final - Man of the match.
References[link]
- ^ "Real Madrid C.F. - Web Oficial - Mesut Özil [Official Real Madrid profile - Mesut Özil]" (in Spanish). realmadrid.com. http://www.realmadrid.com/cs/Satellite/es/1193040475259/1330011842639/jugador/Jugador/Ozil.htm. Retrieved 14 April 2012.
- ^ "Spanish La Liga". EXPN Soccernat. http://soccernet.espn.go.com/stats/assists/_/league/ESP.1/year/2010/spanish-primera-division?cc=5901. Retrieved 13 May 2012.
- ^ "The top 10 assists leaders in Europe for 2010⁄11". imscouting.com. 30 May 2011. http://www.imscouting.com/global-news-article/The-top-10-assists-leaders-in-Europe-for-201011/13447/. Retrieved 13 May 2012.
- ^ Jean-Julien Beer (27 July 2006). "Ein 17-Jähriger soll Lincoln ersetzen" (in German). kicker.de. http://www.kicker.de/fussball/bundesliga/startseite/artikel/352932. Retrieved 13 November 2007.
- ^ a b c "Mesut Özil Bio". espnsoccernet.com. http://soccernet.espn.go.com/player/_/id/84775/mesut-ozil?cc=5901. Retrieved 9 November 2010.
- ^ "23 Mesut Özil" (in German). transfermarkt.de. http://www.transfermarkt.de/de/spieler/35664/oezil-mesut/profil.html. Retrieved 4 October 2010.
- ^ "Mesut Oezil: A gift for German Football". 4to40.com. http://www.4to40.com/legends/index.asp?p=Mesut_Oezil. Retrieved 9 November 2010.
- ^ a b Shapland, Dave (28 November 2009). "Bundesliga player profile – Mesut Ozil, Werder Bremen". adifferentleague.co.uk. http://www.adifferentleague.co.uk/p6_47_787_bundesliga-player-profile-mesut-ozil-werder-bremen.html. Retrieved 9 November 2010.
- ^ "Mesut Özil to Play for Real Madrid". realmadrid.com. http://www.realmadrid.com/cs/Satellite/en/1330010084519/noticia/Noticia/Mesut_Ozil_to_play_for_Real_Madrid.htm. Retrieved 17 August 2010.
- ^ "Real Madrid confirm signing of Germany star Mesut Ozil". BBC sport. 17 August 2010. http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/europe/8921836.stm. Retrieved 17 August 2010.
- ^ "Mesut Ozil Interview: Real Madrid's new star". soccernet.com. September 10 2010. http://soccernet.espn.go.com/columns/story?id=821820&sec=uefachampionsleague&root=uefachampionsleague&cc=5901. Retrieved 22 April 2012.
- ^ Madden, Paul (22 August 2010). "Hercules 1–3 Real Madrid: Benzema Brace Seals Friendly Triumph". Goal.com. http://www.goal.com/en/news/12/spain/2010/08/22/2082959/hercules-1-3-real-madrid-benzema-brace-seals-friendly. Retrieved 23 August 2010.
- ^ "Report: The Whites make their debut in the 2010/11 edition of La Liga". Real Madrid. 29 August 2010. http://www.realmadrid.com/cs/Satellite/en/1330012984541/noticia/Cronica/1330012984541.htm. Retrieved 16 September 2010.
- ^ "Report: The Whites earn a victory in their Champions League debut". Real Madrid. 15 September 2010. http://www.realmadrid.com/cs/Satellite/en/1330015494251/noticia/Cronica/The_Whites_earn_a_victory_in_their_Champions_League_debut.htm. Retrieved 16 September 2010.
- ^ "Praise for Mesut Ozil". Real Madrid. 13 September 2010. http://www.realmadrid.com/cs/Satellite/en/1330015068338/noticia/Noticia/Praise_for_Mesut_Ozil.htm. Retrieved 4 October 2010.
- ^ Mondal, Subhankar (3 October 2010). "Real Madrid 6–1 Deportivo La Coruna: Ronaldo Brace Sees Los Blancos Go Above Barcelona". goal.com. http://www.goal.com/en/match/47748/real-madrid-vs-deportivo/report. Retrieved 20 October 2010.
- ^ Lutz, Tom (19 October 2010). "Real Madrid v Milan – as it happened". TheGuardian. http://www.guardian.co.uk/football/2010/oct/19/real-madrid-milan-live. Retrieved 20 October 2010.
- ^ "Real Madrid vs Levante Report". Goal.com. 23 December 2010. http://www.goal.com/en/match/54213/real-madrid-vs-levante/report. Retrieved 23 December 2010.
- ^ "Ozil's magic amazes the entire planet". RealMadrid. 7 March 2011. http://www.realmadrid.com/cs/Satellite/en/1330046715358/noticia/Noticia/Ozil_s_magic_amazes_the_entire_planet.htm. Retrieved 7 March 2011.
- ^ "Mesut Ozil To Wear No.10 Shirt For Real Madrid In 2011-12". Goal.com. 23 July 2011. http://www.goal.com/en-india/news/2175/la-liga/2011/07/23/2587139/mesut-ozil-to-wear-no10-shirt-for-real-madrid-in-2011-12. Retrieved 31 July 2011.
- ^ "Real Madrid 2-2 Barcelona: All-square in thrilling Supercopa contest". Goal.com. 14 August 2011. http://www.goal.com/en/match/65089/real-madrid-vs-barcelona/report. Retrieved 28 November 2011.
- ^ "Barcelona 3-2 Real Madrid (Agg. 5-4): Lionel Messi brace wins Supercopa amid violent scenes at Camp Nou". Goal.com. 17 August 2011. http://www.goal.com/en/match/65090/barcelona-vs-real-madrid/report. Retrieved 28 August 2011.
- ^ "Ozil: "I'd like to end my career at Real Madrid"". Real Madrid. 2 February 2012. http://www.realmadrid.com/cs/Satellite/en/1330080343016/noticia/Noticia/Ozil:__I_d_like_to_end_my_career_at_Real_Madrid_.htm. Retrieved 2 February 2012.
- ^ "Men’s shortlists for FIFA Ballon d’Or Gala 2011 revealed". Fifa.com. 1 November 2011. http://www.fifa.com/ballondor/media/newsid=1535258/index.html. Retrieved 28 November 2011.
- ^ "La Liga Scorerpoints". transfermarkt.co.uk. 23 May 2012. http://www.transfermarkt.co.uk/en/primera-division/torschuetzen/wettbewerb_ES1.html. Retrieved 23 May 2012.
- ^ "Ton-up Real set new landmark". ESPN Soccernet. 13 May 2012. http://soccernet.espn.go.com/report/_/id/323691?cc=5901. Retrieved 13 May 2012.
- ^ "Ozil - Q&A - Interviews". FourFourTwo. June 2010. http://fourfourtwo.com/interviews/qanda/279/article.aspx. Retrieved 22 April 2012.
- ^ a b c "Mesut Özil". Real Madrid C.F. http://www.realmadrid.com/cs/Satellite/en/1193041476158/1330012508587/jugador/Jugador/Ozil.htm. Retrieved 27 April 2012.
- ^ Stevenson, Jonathan (23 June 2010). "Ghana 0–1 Germany". BBC Sport. http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/hi/football/world_cup_2010/matches/match_39/default.stm. Retrieved 30 June 2010.
- ^ McNulty, Phil (27 June 2010). "Germany 4–1 England". BBC Sport. http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/world_cup_2010/matches/match_51. Retrieved 27 June 2010.
- ^ "Germany stroll past Austria to reach EURO 2012". UEFA.com. 2 September 2011. http://www.uefa.com/uefaeuro2012/matches/season%3D2012/round%3D15171/match%3D2002111/index.html. Retrieved 4 September 2011.
- ^ "Die Top-Elf der EM-Qualifikation" (in German). Sportal.de. 6 October 2011. http://www.sportal.de/sportal/generated/article/fussball/2011/10/11/20895300000.html. Retrieved 19 October 2011.
- ^ "Statistics". UEFA.com. http://www.uefa.com/uefaeuro/season=2012/statistics/index.html. Retrieved 13 May 2012.
- ^ "Ozil to receive German POTY award". soccernet.com. 28 February 2012. http://soccernet.espn.go.com/news/story/_/id/1028494/ozil-to-receive-german-poty-award?cc=5901. Retrieved 22 April 2012.
- ^ "Fan Club wählt Mesut Özil zum "Nationalspieler des Jahres"" (in German). DFB. 5 January 2012. http://dfb.de/index.php?id=500014&tx_dfbnews_pi1%5BshowUid%5D=30756&tx_dfbnews_pi4%5Bcat%5D=56. Retrieved 2012.
- ^ "Ozil to receive German POTY award". espnsoccernet.com. http://soccernet.espn.go.com/news/story/_/id/1028494/ozil-to-receive-german-poty-award?cc=5901. Retrieved 6 March 2012.
- ^ "Netherlands, Germany drawn in Euro "Group of Death"". foxnews.com. 2 December 2011. http://www.foxnews.com/sports/2011/12/02/netherlands-germany-drawn-in-euro-group-death/. Retrieved 22 April 2012.
- ^ "WORLD CUP 2010: England will end up in a Messi if they can't control Germany star Mesut Ozil". dailymail.co.uk. 24 June 2010. http://www.dailymail.co.uk/sport/worldcup2010/article-1289196/WORLD-CUP-2010-England-end-Messi-control-Germany-star-Mesut-Ozil.html. Retrieved 9 November 2010.
- ^ "Hiddink verflucht, Özil gefeiert" (in German). derstandard.at. 12 October 2011. http://derstandard.at/1317020071820/Hiddink-verflucht-Oezil-gefeiert. Retrieved 19 October 2011.
- ^ Duchateau, Francois (10 February 2011). "Trotz „genialer Momente“: Enttäuschung bei Mesut Özil und Lukas Podolski" (in German). Goal.com. http://www.goal.com/de/news/829/dfb-team/2011/02/10/2346567/trotz-genialer-momente-entt%C3%A4uschung-bei-mesut-%C3%B6zil-und-lukas. Retrieved 19 October 2011.
- ^ a b Lowe, Sid (3 April 2011). "Real Madrid find 'Nemo' to their liking as Mesut Ozil settles in well". guardian.co.uk. http://www.guardian.co.uk/football/2011/apr/03/mesut-ozil-real-madrid-football. Retrieved 4 February 2012.
- ^ "Ozil to receive German POTY award". soccernet.com. 28 February 2012. http://soccernet.espn.go.com/news/story/_/id/1028494/ozil-to-receive-german-poty-award?cc=5901. Retrieved 22 April 2012.
- ^ "Today's Player of the Week: Mesut Özil". sites.google.com/site/tmrten. 15 August 2011. https://sites.google.com/site/tmrten/our-favorite-players. Retrieved 15 August 2011.
- ^ Keh, Andrew (28 January 2010). "Budding Germany Star Borrows Qualities From His Two Cultures". The New York Times. http://goal.blogs.nytimes.com/2010/01/28/budding-germany-star-borrows-qualities-from-his-two-cultures/. Retrieved 4 October 2010.
- ^ "Ozil out to upstage Messi". FIFA.com. 2 July 2010. http://www.fifa.com/worldcup/archive/southafrica2010/news/newsid=1265634/index.html. Retrieved 4 October 2010.
- ^ "Ozil flattered by 'German Zidane' label". Espn.com. 19 August 2010. http://soccernet.espn.go.com/news/story?id=815628&cc=3888. Retrieved 20 November 2010.
- ^ "'Nemo' y su pandilla" (in Spanish). marca.com. 9 March 2011. http://www.marca.com/2011/03/09/futbol/equipos/real_madrid/1299686013.html. Retrieved 4 February 2012.
- ^ "Deutsches Zauber-Duo GÖTZIL noch nicht göttlich". bild.de. 12 November 2011. http://www.bild.de/sport/fussball/nationalmannschaft/goetze-und-oezil-zusammen-noch-nicht-goettlich-20969842.bild.html. Retrieved 14 November 2011.
- ^ White, Duncan (12 June 2010). "Germany v Australia: Mesut Ozil at head of the vanguard for new generation". Telegraph. http://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/football/world-cup-2010/teams/germany/7823376/Germany-v-Australia-Mesut-Ozil-at-head-of-the-vanguard-for-new-generation.html. Retrieved 17 June 2010.
- ^ "Am Freitagabend schoss er das entscheidende Tor gegen die Türkei, die Heimat seiner Eltern: Mesut Özil, 21, Sohn eines türkischen Gastwirts und Mittelfeldstar unserer Fußballnationalmannschaft. Porträt eines Intergrations-Erfolgs" (in German). bild.de. 29 October 2010. http://www.bild.de/BILD/sport/fussball/nationalmannschaft/2010/10/10/mesut-oezil/der-tuerke-der-ein-deutscher-held-ist-Teil-1.html. Retrieved 29 October 2010.
- ^ "Mesut Özil: "La honradez y la calidad llevan al éxito"" (in Spanish). cadenaser.com. 5 November 2010. http://www.cadenaser.com/deportes/articulo/mesut-ozil-honradez-calidad-llevan-exito/csrcsrpor/20101105csrcsrdep_2/Tes. Retrieved 5 November 2010.
- ^ Smith, Andrew (27 June 2010). "Mesut Özil: National Treasure". sport.scotsman.com. http://sport.scotsman.com/sport/Mesut-zil-National-Treasure.6386348.jp. Retrieved 4 October 2010.
- ^ "Mesut Özil'in hayali Barça" (in Turkish). Sabah. 27 June 2010. http://www.sabah.com.tr/Spor/2010/06/27/mesut_ozilin_hayali_barca. Retrieved 28 June 2010.
- ^ Rosentritt, Michael (2 July 2010). "Mesut Özil: Ich habe nie Angst [Mesut Özil: I am never afraid]" (in German). Der Tagesspiegel. http://www.tagesspiegel.de/sport/fussball-wm2010/ich-habe-nie-angst/1873174.html. "TAGESSPIEGEL: Ihre Art sich direkt vor einem Spiel zu konzentrieren ist es, Verse aus dem Koran leise vor sich hin zu sprechen. MESUT ÖZIL: Das mache ich in der Kabine, bevor wir rausgehen. Ich bete dann und meine Mitspieler wissen schon, dass sie in dieser kurzen Zeit nicht mit mir reden können."
- ^ "Germany's Mesut Ozil recites Holy Quran before World Cup matches". twocircles.net. 3 July 2010. http://twocircles.net/2010jul03/germanys_mesut_ozil_recites_holy_quran_world_cup_matches.html. Retrieved 28 July 2010.
- ^ "Soccer stars steal show at Germany's Bambi Awards". in.reuters.com. 12 November 2010. http://in.reuters.com/article/idINIndia-52875620101112. Retrieved 13 November 2010.
- ^ "Mesut Özil". UEFA.com. http://www.uefa.com/uefachampionsleague/season=2012/clubs/player=103697. Retrieved 20 April 2012.
- ^ "Özil, Mesut" (in German). kicker.de. http://www.kicker.de/news/fussball/bundesliga/vereine/1-bundesliga/2009-10/werder-bremen-4/40577/spieler_mesut-oezil.html. Retrieved 17 September 2010.
- ^ "Mesut Özil". ESPN Soccernet. http://soccernet.espn.go.com/player/_/id/84775/mesut-ozil?cc=3888#ui-tabs-1. Retrieved 26 November 2010.
- ^ "Özil" (in Spanish). ligabbva.com. http://www.ligabbva.com/ficha/13/24937. Retrieved 20 April 2012.
- ^ "Mesut Özil - Performance data" (in English). transfermarkt.co.uk. http://www.transfermarkt.co.uk/en/mesut-oezil/leistungsdaten/spieler_35664.html. Retrieved 23 May 2012.
External links[link]
 |
Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Mesut Özil |
- Real Madrid official profile
- Profile at La Liga
- Mesut Özil at kicker.de (German)
- Mesut Özil at fussballdaten.de (German)
- The Polite Boy with the Faux-Hawk
- ESPN Profile
- BDFutbol profile
- Transfermarkt profile
- 2010 FIFA World Cup profile
- Mesut Özil at National-Football-Teams.com
- Mesut Özil – FIFA competition record
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| Persondata | |
|---|---|
| Name | Özil, Mesut |
| Alternative names | |
| Short description | Footballer |
| Date of birth | 15 October 1988 |
| Place of birth | Gelsenkirchen, West Germany |
| Date of death | |
| Place of death | |
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This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, which means that you can copy and modify it as long as the entire work (including additions) remains under this license.
