- published: 26 Aug 2008
- views: 887686
- author: dftcalibur
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Alabama
Alabama (
i/ˌæləˈbæmə/) is a state located in the southeastern region of the United States. It is bordered by Tennessee to the north, Georgia to the east, Florida and the Gulf of Mexico to the south, and Mississippi to the west. Alabama is the 30th-most extensive and the 23rd-most populous of the 50 United States. Alabama ranks second in the area of its inland waterways.
From the American Civil War until World War II, Alabama, like many Southern states, suffered economic hardship, in part because of continued dependence on agriculture. Despite the growth of major industries and urban centers, white rural interests dominated the state legislature until the 1960s, while urban interests and African Americans were under-represented. Following World War II, Alabama experienced growth as the economy of the state transitioned from agriculture to diversified interests in heavy manufacturing, mineral extraction, education, and technology. In addition, the establishment or expansion of multiple military installations, primarily those of the U.S. Army and U.S. Air Force, added to state jobs.
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Atlanta
Atlanta (
/ətˈlæntə/, stressed /ætˈlæntə/, locally /ætˈlænə/) is the capital and the most populous city in the U.S. state of Georgia with a 2010 population of 420,003. Atlanta is the cultural and economic center of the Atlanta metropolitan area, which is home to 5,268,860 people and is the ninth largest in the U.S. It is a major component of a growing southeastern megalopolis known as the Piedmont Atlantic Megaregion. Atlanta is the county seat of Fulton County, and a small portion of the city extends eastward into DeKalb County.
Atlanta began as a settlement located at the terminus of a railroad line, and it was incorporated in 1845. Today, the city is a major business city and the primary transportation hub of the Southeastern United States (via highway, railroad, and air), with Hartsfield–Jackson Atlanta International Airport being the world's busiest airport since 1998. The World Cities Study Group at Loughborough University rated Atlanta as an "alpha(-) world city." With a gross domestic product of US$270 billion, Atlanta's economy ranks 15th among world cities and sixth in the nation. The city is a center for services, finance, information technology, government, and higher education. Metro Atlanta contains the country's third largest concentration of Fortune 500 companies, and is the world headquarters of The Coca-Cola Company, Turner Broadcasting, The Home Depot, AT&T Mobility, UPS, and Delta Air Lines. As of 2010, Atlanta is the seventh most visited city in the United States, with over 35 million visitors per year.
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Bracknell
Coordinates: 51°24′58″N 0°44′56″W / 51.416°N 0.749°W / 51.416; -0.749
Bracknell is a town and civil parish in the Borough of Bracknell Forest in Berkshire, England. It lies 11 miles (18 km) to the southeast of Reading, 10 miles (16 km) southwest of Windsor and 30 miles (48 km) west of central London. The town has a population of 50,131.
The name Bracknell is first recorded in a Winkfield Boundary Charter of AD 942 as Braccan heal, and may mean "Nook of land belonging to a man called Bracca", from the Old English Braccan (genitive singular of a personal name) + heal, healh (a corner, nook or secret place). An early form of the town's name, Brakenhale, still survives as the name of one of its schools.
The town is surrounded, on the east and south, by the vast expanse of Swinley Woods and Crowthorne Woods. The urban area has absorbed parts of many local outlying areas including Warfield, Winkfield and Binfield.
The town covers all of the old village of Easthampstead (though not all of the old parish) and the hamlet of Ramslade. Easthampstead has a very long history. There is a Bronze Age round barrow at Bill Hill. Easthampstead Park was a favoured royal hunting lodge in Windsor Forest and Catherine of Aragon was banished there until her divorce was finalised. It was later the home of the Trumbulls who were patrons of Alexander Pope from Binfield.
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Brown University
Brown University is a private, Ivy League university located in Providence, Rhode Island, United States. Founded in 1764 prior to American independence from the British Empire as the College in the English Colony of Rhode Island and Providence Plantations early in the reign of King George III (1760–1820), Brown is the third oldest institution of higher education in New England and seventh oldest in the United States.
Brown was the first college in the nation to accept students regardless of religious affiliation. Academically, Brown consists of The College, Graduate School, Alpert Medical School, and the School of Engineering. Brown's international programs are organized through the Watson Institute for International Studies. The New Curriculum, instituted in 1969, eliminated distribution requirements and allows any course to be taken on a satisfactory/no credit basis. In addition, there are no pluses or minuses in the letter grading system. The school has the oldest undergraduate engineering program in the Ivy League (1847). Pembroke College, Brown's women's college, merged with the university in 1971. While Brown is considered a small research university with 689 full-time faculty and 2,000 graduate students, five of its professors and two of its alumni have been honored as Nobel Laureates. The faculty added 100 new professors in the past 10 years under the Boldly Brown campaign.
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Chicago
Chicago (
i/ʃɪˈkɑːɡoʊ/ or /ʃɪˈkɔːɡoʊ/) is the largest city in the US state of Illinois and the third most populous city in the United States after New York City and Los Angeles. The city has around 2.7 million residents. Its metropolitan area, sometimes called "Chicagoland", is the third largest in the United States, with an estimated 9.8 million people. Chicago is the county seat of Cook County, though a small portion also extends into DuPage County.
Chicago was incorporated as a city in 1837, near a portage between the Great Lakes and the Mississippi River watershed. Today, Chicago is listed as an alpha+ global city by the Globalization and World Cities Research Network, and ranks seventh in the world on the 2012 Global Cities Index. The city retains its status as an international hub for finance, industry, telecommunications and infrastructure, with O'Hare International Airport being the second busiest airport in the world in terms of traffic movements. In 2008[update], the city hosted 45.6 million domestic and overseas visitors. Among metropolitan areas, Chicago has the 4th largest Gross Domestic Product (GDP) in the world, ranking just behind Tokyo, New York City, and Los Angeles. Chicago is one of the most important Worldwide Centers of Commerce and trade.
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Honolulu
Honolulu /hoʊnoʊˈluːluː/ is the capital and the most populous city of the U.S. state of Hawaii. Honolulu is the southernmost major U.S. city. Although the name "Honolulu" refers to the urban area on the southeastern shore of the island of Oahu, the city and county government are consolidated as Honolulu County which covers the entire island. For statistical purposes, the U.S. Census Bureau recognizes the urban part of Honolulu as a census-designated place. Honolulu is a major financial center of the islands of the Pacific Ocean. The population of the census-designated place was 337,256 at the 2010 census, while the population of the city and county was 953,207. Honolulu is the most populous state capital relative to state population.
In the Hawaiian language, Honolulu means "sheltered bay" or "place of shelter". The old name is said to be Kou, a district roughly encompassing the area from Nuuanu Avenue to Alakea Street and from Hotel Street to Queen Street which is the heart of the present downtown district. The city has been the capital of the Hawaiian islands since 1845 and gained historical recognition following the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor near the city on December 7, 1941, and as the birthplace of Barack Obama, the 44th and current President of the United States.
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Illinois
Illinois (i/ˌɪlɨˈnɔɪ/ IL-i-NOY) is the 25th most extensive and the 5th most populous of the 50 United States, and is often noted as a microcosm of the entire country. With Chicago in the northeast, small industrial cities and great agricultural productivity in central and northern Illinois, and natural resources like coal, timber, and petroleum in the south, Illinois has a broad economic base. Illinois is a major transportation hub. The Port of Chicago connects the state to other global ports from the Great Lakes, via the Saint Lawrence Seaway, to the Atlantic Ocean; as well as the Great Lakes to the Mississippi River, via the Illinois River. For decades, O'Hare International Airport has ranked as one of the world's busiest airports. Illinois has long had a reputation as a bellwether both in social and cultural terms and politics.
Although the state's largest population centers today are in northern Illinois, originally the state's population grew from south to north, with settlers arriving from Kentucky in the 1810s. In 1818, Illinois achieved statehood. Chicago was founded in the 1830s on the banks of the Chicago River, one of the few natural harbors on southern Lake Michigan. Railroads and John Deere's invention of the self-scouring steel plow turned Illinois' rich prairie into some of the world's most productive and valuable farmlands, attracting immigrant farmers from Germany and Sweden. By 1900, the growth of industrial jobs in the northern cities and coal mining in the central and southern areas attracted immigrants from Eastern and Southern Europe. Illinois was an important manufacturing center during both world wars. The Great Migration established a large community of African Americans in Chicago that created the city's famous jazz and blues cultures.
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Jakarta
Jakarta ( /dʒəˈkɑrtə/), officially known as the Special Capital Territory of Jakarta (Indonesian: Daerah Khusus Ibu Kota Jakarta), is the capital and largest city of Indonesia. Located on the northwest coast of Java, Jakarta is the country's economic, cultural and political centre, and with a population of 10,187,595 as of November 2011, it is the most populous city in Indonesia and in Southeast Asia, and is the twelfth-largest city in the world. The official metropolitan area, known as Jabodetabekjur, is the second largest in the world, yet the city's suburbs still continue beyond it. Jakarta is listed as a global city in the 2008 Globalization and World Cities Study Group and Network (GaWC) research. and has an area of 661 square kilometres (255 sq mi)
Based on Brooking Institute survey about growth, in 2011 Jakarta ranked 17th among the world's 200 largest cities, a significant jumps from 2007 when Jakarta ranked 171st. Jakarta has seen more rapid growth than Kuala Lumpur, Beijing and Bangkok.
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Kenya
Kenya ( /ˈkɛnjə/ or /ˈkiːnjə/), officially the Republic of Kenya, is a country in East Africa that lies on the equator. With the Indian Ocean to its south-east, it is bordered by Tanzania to the south, Uganda to the west, South Sudan to the north-west, Ethiopia to the north and Somalia to the north-east. Kenya has a land area of 580,000 km2 and a population of nearly 41 million, representing 42 different peoples and cultures. The country is named after Mount Kenya, a significant landmark and second among Africa's highest mountain peaks. Kenya's capital and largest city is Nairobi.
Kenya has a warm and humid climate along its coastline on the Indian Ocean which changes to wildlife-rich savannah grasslands moving inland towards the capital Nairobi. Nairobi has a cool climate that gets colder approaching Mount Kenya, which has three permanently snow-capped peaks. The warm and humid tropical climate reappears further inland towards lake Victoria, before giving way to temperate forested and hilly areas in the western region. The North Eastern regions along the border with Somalia and Ethiopia are arid and semi-arid areas with near-desert landscapes. Lake Victoria, the world's second largest fresh-water lake (after Lake Superior in the US and Canada) and the world's largest tropical lake, is situated to the southwest and is shared with Uganda and Tanzania. Kenya is famous for its safaris and diverse world-famous wildlife reserves such as Tsavo National Park, the Maasai Mara, Nakuru National Park, and Aberdares National Park.
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Kisumu
Kisumu is a port city in western Kenya at 1,131 m (3,711 ft), with a population of 355,024 (1999 census). It is the third largest city in Kenya, the principal city of western Kenya, the immediate former capital of Nyanza Province and the headquarters of Kisumu County. It has a municipal charter but no city charter. It is the largest city in Nyanza region and second most important city after Kampala in the greater Lake Victoria basin.
The port was founded in 1901 as the main inland terminal of the Uganda Railway and named Port Florence. Although trade stagnated in the 1980s and 1990s, it is again growing around oil exports.
Kisumu literally means a place of barter trade "sumo". The city has "Friendship" status with Cheltenham, UK and "sister city" status with Roanoke, Virginia and Boulder, Colorado, USA.
Kisumu was identified by the British explorers in early 1898 as an alternative railway terminus and port for the Uganda railway, then under construction. It was to replace Port Victoria, then an important centre on the caravan trade route, near the delta of River Nzoia. Kisumu was ideally located on the shores of Lake Victoria at the cusp of the Winam Gulf, at the end of the caravan trail from Pemba, Mombasa, Malindi and had the potential for connection to the whole of the Lake region by steamers. In July 1899, the first skeleton plan for Kisumu was prepared. This included landing places and wharves along the northern lake shore, near the present day Airport Road. Demarcations for Government buildings and retail shops were also included in the plan.
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Kudat
Kudat is a town in Sabah, East Malaysia, on the northern tip of Borneo island. It serves as the administrative center for the Kudat Division, which includes the towns of Kudat, Pitas, Kota Marudu, and some offshore islands.
Kudat is located on the northern part of Sabah, some 190 kilometers north of Kota Kinabalu, the state capital. On the west, it faces the South China Sea, and on the east the Sulu Sea. It is at latitude 6°55'north, longitude 116°50'east.
Kudat's population (2000) was 68,242. The ethnic composition is mainly Rungus, a sub-group of the indigenous Kadazan. About 10% of the population is ethnic Chinese (predominantly Hakka Chinese) and there are minorities of Bajau, Dusun, Murut, Bugis, and Malay. However, there is also a considerable number of unregistered illegal immigrants from the nearby Philippines, notably from the Sulu regions and Mindanao.
The town was founded by A H Everett of the British North Borneo Company on December 7, 1881 to be the first capital of British North Borneo, due to its strategic geographic location. However, after being repeatedly raided by Bajau, Sulu and Illanun pirates, in 1883 the capital was shifted to the more secure port of Sandakan, on the east coast.
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Malaysia
Malaysia (i/məˈleɪʒə/ mə-LAY-zhə or i/məˈleɪsiə/ mə-LAY-see-ə) is a federal constitutional monarchy in Southeast Asia. It consists of thirteen states and three federal territories and has a total landmass of 329,847 square kilometres (127,350 sq mi) separated by the South China Sea into two similarly sized regions, Peninsular Malaysia and Malaysian Borneo. Land borders are shared with Thailand, Indonesia, and Brunei, and maritime borders exist with Singapore, Vietnam, and the Philippines. The capital city is Kuala Lumpur, while Putrajaya is the seat of the federal government. In 2010 the population exceeded 27.5 million, with over 20 million living on the Peninsula.
Malaysia has its origins in the Malay Kingdoms present in the area which, from the 18th century, became subject to the British Empire. The first British territories were known as the Straits Settlements, whose establishment was followed by the Malay kingdoms becoming British protectorates. The territories on Peninsular Malaysia were first unified as the Malayan Union in 1946. Malaya was restructured as the Federation of Malaya in 1948, and achieved independence on 31 August 1957. Malaya united with Sabah, Sarawak, and Singapore on 16 September 1963, with si being added to give the new country the name Malaysia. However, less than two years later in 1965, Singapore was expelled from the federation. Since independence, Malaysia has had one of the best economic records in Asia, with GDP growing an average 6.5% for almost 50 years. The economy has traditionally been fuelled by its natural resources, but is expanding in the sectors of science, tourism, commerce and medical tourism.
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McGill University
McGill University is a public research university located in Montreal, Quebec, Canada. McGill University is one of world's most prestigious universities. The university bears the name of James McGill, a prominent Montreal merchant from Glasgow, Scotland and alumnus of Glasgow University, whose bequest formed the beginning of the university. Founded in 1821, McGill was chartered during the British colonial era, 46 years before the Canadian Confederation, making it one of the oldest universities in Canada.
As of 2011, McGill ranked 1st in Canada and 17th in the world in the QS World University Rankings. According to the 2011 Emerging/Trendence global employability ranking, McGill was ranked 19th in the world for popularity among major employers. In the Maclean's 21st Annual University Ranking (2011), McGill was ranked 1st in Canada among all institutions offering medical and doctoral degrees, maintaining this ranking for the seventh year in a row.
With almost 215,000 living alumni worldwide, students and professors at McGill have been recognized in fields ranging from the arts and sciences, to business, politics, and sports. Notable alumni include eleven Nobel Laureates, one hundred and thirty-two Rhodes Scholars, three astronauts, two Canadian prime ministers, eleven justices of the Canadian Supreme Court, three foreign leaders, nine Academy Award winners, three Pulitzer Prize winners, and twenty-eight Olympic medalists.
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Moneygall
Moneygall (Irish: Muine Gall, meaning "foreigners' thicket") is a small village on the border of counties Offaly and North Tipperary, in Ireland. It is situated on the R445 road between Dublin and Limerick. The village had a population of 298 in the 2006 census. Moneygall has a Catholic church, five shops, a post office, a national school, a Garda station and two pubs. The nearest Church of Ireland church, Borrisnafarney, is 2 km from the village beside the former Loughton Demense.
While most of the village is located in County Offaly, the Gaelic Athletic Association (G.A.A.) playing field is located in County Tipperary, and Moneygall GAA play in the Tipperary Hurling Championship. It was part of the Tipperary North constituency in the 2011 general election.
Moneygall is on the R445 regional road and close to the M7 motorway where Junction 23 provides access to the village.
The Bus Éireann route 12 between Limerick and Dublin passes through Moneygall. Regular services run each hour so the town is well served. Additional bus services are provided by JJ Kavanagh and Sons. There is no train station in the town but the nearest stations are in Nenagh, Cloughjordan and Roscrea, all on the Ballybrophy to Limerick line, a feeder service to the main Cork to Dublin line, operated by Iarnród Éireann. There are two airstrips nearby one of which is Moneygall Aerodrome The closest airport with scheduled passenger services is Shannon Airport in County Clare. Dublin Airport is easily accessible with direct Bus Éireann services.
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Nairobi
Nairobi ( /naɪˈroʊbi/) is the capital and largest city of Kenya. The city and its surrounding area also forms the Nairobi County. The name "Nairobi" comes from the Maasai phrase Enkare Nairobi, which translates to "cold water," the Maasai name of the Nairobi river, which in turn lent its name to the city. However, it is popularly known as the "Green City in the Sun" and is surrounded by several expanding villa suburbs. Residents of Nairobi are known as Nairobians.
Founded by the British in 1899 as a simple rail depot on the railway linking Mombasa to Uganda, the town quickly grew to become the capital of British East Africa in 1907 and eventually the capital of a free Kenyan republic in 1963. During Kenya's colonial period, the city became a centre for the colony's coffee, tea and sisal industry. Nairobi is also the capital of the Nairobi Province and of the Nairobi District. The city lies on the Nairobi River, in the south of the nation, and has an elevation of 1795 m above sea-level.
Nairobi is the most populous city in East Africa, with a current estimated population of about 3 million. According to the 2009 Census, in the administrative area of Nairobi, 3,138,295 inhabitants lived within 696 km2 (269 sq mi). Nairobi is currently the 12th largest city in Africa, including the population of its suburbs.
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Nyanza Province
Nyanza Province of Kenya, is one of Kenya's eight administrative provinces. It is located in the southwest part of Kenya around Lake Victoria. Nyanza includes part of the eastern edge of Lake Victoria and is inhabited predominantly by the Luo. There are also Bantu-speaking tribes such as the Gusii, the Kuria and a few traces of the Luhya living in the province. The province derives its name from Nyanza, a Bantu word which means a large mass of water.
The provincial capital is Kisumu, the third largest city in Kenya. The province has a population of 4,392,196 (as of 1999) within an area of 16,162 km².
The climate is tropical humid.
Initially, Nyanza had four administrative districts. Since the 1990s, the province has been further divided into the following districts:
District (capital):
Bondo (Bondo) · Gucha (Ogembo a) · Homa Bay (Homa Bay) · Kisii (Kisii) b · Kisumu (Kisumu) · Kuria (Kehancha) · Migori (Migori) · Nyamira (Nyamira) c · Nyando (Awasi) · Rachuonyo (Oyugis) · Siaya (Siaya) · Suba (Mbita)
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Princeton University
Princeton University is a private research university located in Princeton, New Jersey, United States.
It is one of the eight universities of the Ivy League, and one of the nine Colonial Colleges founded before the American Revolution. Princeton provides undergraduate and graduate instruction in the humanities, social sciences, natural sciences and engineering. Princeton does not have schools of medicine, law, divinity, or business, but it does offer professional degrees through the Woodrow Wilson School of Public and International Affairs, the Princeton University School of Engineering and Applied Science and the School of Architecture.
Founded in 1746 in Elizabeth, New Jersey, as the College of New Jersey, the university moved to Newark in 1747, then to Princeton in 1756 and was renamed Princeton University in 1896. The present-day College of New Jersey in nearby Ewing, New Jersey, is an unrelated institution. Princeton was the fourth chartered institution of higher education in the American colonies. Princeton had close ties to the Presbyterian Church, but has never been affiliated with any denomination and today imposes no religious requirements on its students.
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Salt Lake City
Salt Lake City, often shortened to Salt Lake or SLC, is the capital and the most populous city of the U.S. state of Utah. With a population of 186,440 as of the 2010 Census, the city lies in the Salt Lake City metropolitan area, which has a total population of 1,145,905. Salt Lake City is further situated in a larger urban area known as the Wasatch Front, which has a population of 2,328,299. It is one of only two major urban areas in the Great Basin (the other being Reno, Nevada), and the largest in the Intermountain West.
The city was founded in 1847 by Brigham Young and his Mormon followers, who extensively irrigated and cultivated the arid valley. Due to its proximity to the Great Salt Lake, the city was originally named "Great Salt Lake City"—the word "great" was dropped from the official name in 1868. Although Salt Lake City is still home to the headquarters of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church), less than half the population of Salt Lake City proper are members of the LDS Church today.
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Sandakan
Sandakan is the second-largest city in Sabah, East Malaysia, on the north-eastern coast of Borneo. It is located on the east coast of the island. It is the administrative centre of Sandakan Division and was the former capital of British North Borneo. Sandakan is known as the gateway for ecotourism destinations in Sabah, such as the Sepilok Orang Utan Rehabilitation Centre, the Rainforest Discovery Centre, Turtle Islands Park, Kinabatangan River and Gomantong Caves.
The area is also infamous as the site of a World War II Japanese airfield, now known as Sandakan Airport, which was built by the forced labour of 6,000 Javanese civilians and Allied prisoners of war. In 1945, the surviving Australian prisoners were sent on the Sandakan Death Marches; only 6 of them survived the war.
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Siaya District
Siaya District is one of the twelve districts that make up Nyanza Province in the southwest part of Kenya. It is bordered by Busia District to the North, Vihiga and Butere/Mumias Districts to the North-East, Bondo District to the South, and Kisumu District to the South-East. The total area of the district is approximately 1520 km². The District lies between latitude 0° 26’ to 0° 18’ north and longitude 33° 58’ east and 34° 33’ west. Siaya district has been split up into six new districts. Under the new constitution, the role of districts are still unclear as much of administrative authority is being transferred to the county. The new county is called Siaya.
The projected population in the year 2002 showed 493,326 people in Siaya District, with 226,682 males and 266,644 females.
The district has three constituencies:
At the 2007 parliamentary elections all three seats were won by Orange Democratic Movement.
Coordinates: 0°05′S 34°15′E / 0.083°S 34.25°E / -0.083; 34.25
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Sky News
Sky News is a 24-hour British and international satellite television news broadcaster with an emphasis on UK and international news stories.
The service places emphasis on rolling news, including the latest breaking news. Sky News also hosts localised versions of the channel in Australia and in New Zealand, as well as their previously operated version in Ireland. Sky News is also offered in an international version without the British adverts under the name Sky News International available in Europe and Asia.
Based at a news centre in London, Sky News started broadcasting on 5 February 1989 as part of the then four-channel Sky Television service. Sky News provides an hourly news radio service to multiple radio networks in the UK and Ireland. The channel currently has seven UK bases each with their own correspondents, and the channel can also call upon a wide range of resources and global bureaux provided by its parent company News Corporation such as reporters from Fox News Channel and Fox Business Network (its sister news and business channels).
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South Carolina
South Carolina (i/ˌsaʊθ kærəˈlaɪnə/) is a state in the Southeastern United States. It is bordered to the north by North Carolina; to the south and west by Georgia, located across the Savannah River; and to the east by the Atlantic Ocean. Originally part of the Province of Carolina, the Province of South Carolina was one of the 13 colonies that declared independence from the British Crown during the American Revolution. The colony was originally named by King Charles II of England in honor of his father Charles I (Carolus being Latin for Charles). South Carolina was the 8th state to ratify the US Constitution and become a state which it did on May 23, 1788. South Carolina later became the first state to vote to secede from the Union which it did on December 20, 1860. It was readmitted to the United States on June 25, 1868.
South Carolina is the 40th most extensive and the 24th most populous of the 50 United States. South Carolina comprises 46 counties. The capital and largest city of the state is Columbia.
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Stanford University
Coordinates: 37°26′N 122°10′W / 37.43°N 122.17°W / 37.43; -122.17
The Leland Stanford Junior University, commonly referred to as Stanford University or Stanford, is an American private research university located in Stanford, California on an 8,180-acre (3,310 ha) campus near Palo Alto, California, United States. It is situated in the northwestern Silicon Valley, approximately 20 miles (32 km) northwest of San Jose and 37 miles (60 km) southeast of San Francisco.
Leland Stanford, a Californian railroad tycoon and politician, and his wife Jane Lathrop Stanford founded the university in 1891 in honor of their son, Leland Stanford, Jr., who died of typhoid two months before his 16th birthday. The university was established as a coeducational and nondenominational institution, but struggled financially after the senior Stanford's 1893 death and after much of the campus was damaged by the 1906 San Francisco earthquake. Following World War II, Provost Frederick Terman supported faculty and graduates' entrepreneurialism to build self-sufficient local industry in what would become known as Silicon Valley. By 1970, Stanford was home to a linear accelerator, was one of the original four ARPANET nodes, and had transformed itself into a major research university in computer science, mathematics, natural sciences, and social sciences.
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African American
African Americans (also referred to as Black Americans or Afro-Americans, and formerly as American Negroes) are citizens or residents of the United States that have ancestry from any of the native populations of Sub-Saharan Africa.
African Americans make up the single largest racial minority in the United States. Most African Americans are of West and Central African descent and are descendants of enslaved Africans within the boundaries of the present United States. However, some immigrants from African, Caribbean, Central American or South American nations, or their descendants, may be identified or self-identify with the term.
African-American history starts in the 16th century with African slaves who quickly rose up against the Spanish explorer Lucas Vázquez de Ayllón and progresses to the present day, with Barack Obama as the 44th and current President of the United States. Between those landmarks there have been events and issues, both resolved and ongoing, including slavery, racism, Reconstruction, development of the African-American community, participation in the great military conflicts of the United States, racial segregation, and the Civil Rights Movement.
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Amber Lee Ettinger
Amber Lee Ettinger (born October 2, 1982) is an American actress, internet celebrity, and model. She first rose to fame as Obama Girl in her Internet video "I Got a Crush... on Obama", in which she expressed her admiration of then-U.S. Senator Barack Obama. The video led to numerous sketch comedy appearances and interviews on Saturday Night Live, Geraldo at Large, The O'Reilly Factor, and Hannity.
A native of Hazleton, Pennsylvania, of German, Italian, Swedish and Irish ancestry, Ettinger moved to New York City to attend the Fashion Institute of Technology to study fashion and clothing design, having expressed hopes to create her own clothing line and other business ventures. Early in her career, Ettinger was crowned Miss NYC in the 2003 Miss Hawaiian Tropic pageant, later augmenting that title with a nod as Howard Stern's Miss Howard TV in June 2007. She has also appeared in a video for The Onion News Network, as well as the music video for the John Popper Project song "Lapdance." She was also Hooters Miss Manhattan, representing them in the 2003 International Swimsuit Pageant.
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Ann Dunham
Stanley Ann Dunham (November 29, 1942 – November 7, 1995), the mother of Barack Obama, the 44th President of the United States, was an American anthropologist who specialized in economic anthropology and rural development. Dunham was nicknamed Anna, later known as Dr. Stanley Ann Dunham Soetoro, and finally Ann Dunham Sutoro. Born in Wichita, Kansas, Dunham spent her childhood in California, Oklahoma, Texas and Kansas and her teenage years in Mercer Island, Washington, and most of her adult life in Hawaii and Indonesia.
Dunham studied at the East–West Center and at the University of Hawaii at Manoa in Honolulu, where she attained a bachelor's in anthropology or mathematics and master's and Ph.D. in anthropology. Interested in craftsmanship, weaving and the role of women in cottage industries, Dunham's research focused on women's work on the island of Java and blacksmithing in Indonesia. To address the problem of poverty in rural villages, she created microcredit programs while working as a consultant for the United States Agency for International Development. Dunham was also employed by the Ford Foundation in Jakarta and she consulted with the Asian Development Bank in Pakistan. Towards the latter part of her life, she worked with Bank Rakyat Indonesia, where she helped apply her research to the largest microfinance program in the world.
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Archibald Roosevelt
Archibald Bulloch "Archie" Roosevelt (April 9, 1894 – October 13, 1979), the fifth child of U.S. President Theodore Roosevelt, was a distinguished U.S. Army officer and commander of U.S. forces in both World War I and II. In both conflicts he was wounded. He earned the French Croix de guerre, Silver Star with Oak Leaf Cluster and the Purple Heart with Oak Leaf Cluster. After World War II, he became a successful businessman and the founder of a New York City bond brokerage house, as well as a spokesman for right wing political causes.
Archibald, nicknamed both "Archie" and "Archikins", was born in Washington, D.C., the fourth child of president Theodore Roosevelt and his second wife, Edith Kermit Carow. His siblings included brothers Theodore Jr., Kermit, and Quentin, sister, Ethel and half-sister Alice. Archibald was named for his paternal great-great-great grandfather, Archibald Bulloch, a patriot of the American Revolution.
As a child, Archie was very quiet but very mischievous - especially when he was with his brother Quentin; growing up Archie and Quentin were very close. They rarely left each other's side and had very few fights. But as for the other siblings, Archie was not close to either Kermit and Ethel because they would gang up on him. Ted Jr. would help beat up Kermit for him, so Teddy would be Archie's other favorite brother; Teddy would also tell their mother, Edith, about Ethel - who would often get in big trouble. While Alice was ten years older than Archie, he barely remembers her around, since she would go places with other family members and friends. As for his smartness, Archie was an avid reader and very smart at putting puzzles together quickly. His father remarked to him by saying “Archie, my smart boy, never give up your smartness; that goes for you and your brother Quentin”.
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Barack Obama
Barack Hussein Obama II (i/bəˈrɑːk huːˈseɪn oʊˈbɑːmə/; born August 4, 1961) is the 44th and current President of the United States. He is the first African American to hold the office. In January 2005, Obama was sworn in as a U.S. Senator in the state of Illinois. He would hold this office until November 2008, when he resigned following his victory in the 2008 presidential election.
Born in Honolulu, Hawaii, Obama is a graduate of Columbia University and Harvard Law School, where he was the president of the Harvard Law Review. He was a community organizer in Chicago before earning his law degree. He worked as a civil rights attorney in Chicago and taught constitutional law at the University of Chicago Law School from 1992 to 2004. He served three terms representing the 13th District in the Illinois Senate from 1997 to 2004.
Following an unsuccessful bid against the Democratic incumbent for a seat in the United States House of Representatives in 2000, Obama ran for the United States Senate in 2004. Several events brought him to national attention during the campaign, including his victory in the March 2004 Illinois Democratic primary for the Senate election and his keynote address at the Democratic National Convention in July 2004. He won election to the U.S. Senate in Illinois in November 2004. His presidential campaign began in February 2007, and after a close campaign in the 2008 Democratic Party presidential primaries against Hillary Rodham Clinton, he won his party's nomination. In the 2008 presidential election, he defeated Republican nominee John McCain, and was inaugurated as president on January 20, 2009. Nine months later, Obama was named the 2009 Nobel Peace Prize laureate. In April 2011, he announced that he would be running for re-election in 2012.
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Brad Pitt
William Bradley "Brad" Pitt (born December 18, 1963) is an American actor and film producer. Pitt has received four Academy Award nominations and five Golden Globe Award nominations, winning one Golden Globe. He has been described as one of the world's most attractive men, a label for which he has received substantial media attention.
Pitt first gained recognition as a cowboy hitchhiker in the road movie Thelma & Louise (1991). His first leading roles in big-budget productions came with A River Runs Through It (1992), Interview with the Vampire (1994), and Legends of the Fall (1994). In 1995, he gave critically acclaimed performances in the crime thriller Seven and the science fiction film 12 Monkeys, the latter earning him a Golden Globe Award for Best Supporting Actor and an Academy Award nomination. Four years later, Pitt starred in the cult hit Fight Club. He then starred in the major international hit Ocean's Eleven (2001) and its sequels, Ocean's Twelve (2004) and Ocean's Thirteen (2007). His greatest commercial successes have been Troy (2004) and Mr. & Mrs. Smith (2005). Pitt received his second and third Academy Award nominations for his leading performances in The Curious Case of Benjamin Button (2008) and Moneyball (2011). In addition, Pitt owns a production company, Plan B Entertainment, whose productions include The Departed (2006), which won the Academy Award for Best Picture, and Moneyball, which garnered a Best Picture nomination.
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Capers Funnye
Capers C. Funnye Jr. (pronounced fu-NAY; born 1952) is an African American who is the head rabbi of the mostly African-American 200 member Beth Shalom B'nai Zaken Ethiopian Hebrew Congregation of Chicago, Illinois, as assisted by Rabbis Avraham Ben Israel and Joshua V. Salter. He is also the first African-American member of the Chicago Board of Rabbis, serves on the boards of the Jewish Council on Urban Affairs and the American Jewish Congress of the Midwest, and is active in the Institute for Jewish and Community Research, which reaches out to black Jewish communities outside the United States, such as the Beta Israel in Ethiopia and the Igbo Jews in Nigeria. The organization was founded by Funnye in 1985 as a direct offshoot of Wentworth Arthur Matthew's Commandment Keepers. He was ordained a rabbi by the Israelite Rabbinical Academy in 1985.[dead link] In 1996, Funnye was the only official black rabbi in the Chicago area recognized by the greater Jewish community. He earned a Bachelor of Arts degree in Jewish Studies and Master of Science in Human Service Administration from the Spertus Institute of Jewish Studies in Chicago.
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Charles Goodnight
Charles Goodnight, also known as Charlie Goodnight (March 5, 1836 – December 12, 1929), was a cattle rancher in the American West, perhaps the best known rancher in Texas. He is sometimes known as the "father of the Texas Panhandle." Essayist and historian J. Frank Dobie said that Goodnight "approached greatness more nearly than any other cowman of history."
Goodnight was born in Macoupin County, Illinois, east of St. Louis, Missouri, the fourth child of Charles Goodnight and the former Charlotte Collier. (Goodnight's father's grave is located in a pasture south of Bunker Hill, Illinois.)
Goodnight moved to Texas in 1846 with his mother and stepfather, Hiram Daugherty. In 1856, he became a cowboy and served with the local militia, fighting against Comanche raiders. A year later, in 1857, Goodnight joined the Texas Rangers. Goodnight is also known for rousing and leading a posse against the Comanche in 1860 that located the Indian camp where Cynthia Ann Parker was living with her husband, Peta Nocona, then guiding Texas Rangers to the camp, leading to Cynthia Ann's recapture. He later made a treaty with her son, Quanah Parker.
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Chelsea Clinton
Chelsea Victoria Clinton (born February 27, 1980) is the only child of former U.S. President William Jefferson (Bill) Clinton and current U.S. Secretary of State Hillary Rodham Clinton. She is a Special Correspondent for NBC News, and works with the Clinton Foundation and Clinton Global Initiative.
Clinton was born in Little Rock, Arkansas during her father's first term as Governor of Arkansas. She attended public schools there until her father's election to the Presidency of the United States at which time she attended and graduated from the private Sidwell Friends School in Washington, D.C. She pursued her undergraduate education at Stanford University and also earned master's degrees from University College, Oxford, and Columbia University's Mailman School of Public Health. She is currently pursuing a doctoral degree at University of Oxford. She has worked for McKinsey & Company, Avenue Capital Group, New York University and serves on the board of the School of American Ballet, Clinton Health Access Initiative, Clinton Foundation, Clinton Global Initiative, Common Sense Media, Shakespeare Theatre Company, Weill Cornell Medical College and IAC/InterActiveCorp.
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David Maraniss
David Maraniss (born 1949) is an American journalist and author, currently serving as an associate-editor for The Washington Post. He received a Pulitzer Prize for National Reporting in 1993 for his coverage of then-candidate Bill Clinton during the 1992 United States presidential election.
Maraniss began his journalism career as a high school student in Madison, Wisconsin, where he covered antiwar protests and high school football for a local daily newspaper. He joined the Washington Post in 1977 and has served it in various capacities since.
Maraniss's 2008 book was Rome 1960: The Olympics that Changed the World. He also published in 2006 Clemente: The Passion and Grace of Baseball's Last Hero, about Roberto Clemente. In 2004 he was awarded the J. Anthony Lukas Book Prize forThey Marched into Sunlight: War and Peace, Vietnam and America, October 1967. Previous books include First in His Class: A Biography of Bill Clinton, Tell Newt To Shut Up (co-authored with Michael Weisskopf), The Clinton Enigma, and When Pride Still Mattered: A Life of Vince Lombardi. The Post assigned him the job of biographer for their coverage of 2008 presidential candidate Barack Obama.
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Dick Cheney
Richard Bruce "Dick" Cheney (born January 30, 1941) served as the 46th Vice President of the United States (2001–2009), under George W. Bush.
Born in Lincoln, Nebraska, Cheney was primarily raised in Sumner, Nebraska, and Casper, Wyoming. He began his political career as an intern for Congressman William A. Steiger, eventually working his way into the White House during the Nixon and Ford administrations, where he served the latter as White House Chief of Staff. In 1978, Cheney was elected to the U.S. House of Representatives from Wyoming; he was reelected five times, eventually becoming House Minority Whip. Cheney was selected to be the Secretary of Defense during the presidency of George H. W. Bush, holding the position for the majority of Bush's term. During this time, Cheney oversaw the 1991 Operation Desert Storm, among other actions.
Out of office during the Clinton presidency, Cheney was chairman and CEO of Halliburton Company from 1995 to 2000.
Cheney was born in Lincoln, Nebraska, the son of Marjorie Lorraine (née Dickey) and Richard Herbert Cheney. He is of predominantly English, as well as Welsh, Irish, and French Huguenot, ancestry; Cheney's 8th great-grandfather, William Cheney, immigrated from England to Massachusetts in the 17th century. Although not a direct descendant, he is collaterally related to Benjamin Pierce Cheney (1815–1895), the early American expressman. Cheney is a very distant cousin of both Harry S. Truman and Barack Obama; the three share a common ancestor in Mareen Duvall, a Huguenot who fled from France to England in the 17th century and later settled in Maryland. His father was a soil conservation agent for the U.S. Department of Agriculture and his mother was a softball star in the 1930s; Cheney was one of three children.
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Elvis Presley
Elvis Aaron Presley (January 8, 1935 – August 16, 1977) was one of the most popular American singers of the 20th century. A cultural icon, he is widely known by the single name Elvis. He is often referred to as the "King of Rock and Roll" or simply "the King".
Born in Tupelo, Mississippi, Presley moved to Memphis, Tennessee, with his family at the age of 13. He began his career there in 1954, working with Sun Records owner Sam Phillips, who wanted to bring the sound of African American music to a wider audience. Accompanied by guitarist Scotty Moore and bassist Bill Black, Presley was the most important popularizer of rockabilly, an uptempo, backbeat-driven fusion of country and rhythm and blues. RCA Victor acquired his contract in a deal arranged by Colonel Tom Parker, who would manage the singer for over two decades. Presley's first RCA single, "Heartbreak Hotel", released in January 1956, was a number one hit. He became the leading figure of the newly popular sound of rock and roll with a series of network television appearances and chart-topping records. His energized interpretations of songs, many from African American sources, and his uninhibited performance style made him enormously popular—and controversial. In November 1956, he made his film debut in Love Me Tender.
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English American
English Americans (occasionally known as Anglo-Americans, although this may have a wider linguistic meaning) are citizens of the United States whose ancestry originates wholly or partly in England.
According to American Community Survey in 2010 data, Americans reporting English ancestry made up an estimated 9.0% of the total U.S. population, and form the third largest European ancestry group after German Americans and Irish Americans. However, demographers regard this as an undercount, as the index of inconsistency is high, and many, if not most, people from English stock have a tendency to identify simply as Americans or, if of mixed European ancestry, nominate a more recent and differentiated ethnic group. Throughout the nineteenth century, England was the largest investor in American land development, railroads, mining, cattle ranching, and heavy industry. Perhaps because English settlers gained easy acceptance, they founded few organizations dedicated to preserving the traditions of their homeland.
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English people
The English (from Old English: Englisc) are a nation and ethnic group native to England, who speak English. The English identity is of early mediaeval origin, when they were known in Old English as the Anglecynn. England is now a country of the United Kingdom, and the majority of English people in England are British Citizens. Their ethnonym is derived from the Angles, a Germanic people originally from Northern Germany who migrated to Britain.
Historically, the English population is descended from several genetically similar peoples—the earlier Britons (or Brythons), the Germanic tribes that settled in the area, including Angles, Saxons, and Jutes, collectively known as the Anglo-Saxons, who founded what was to become England (from the Old English Englaland), and the later Danes, Normans and other groups. Following the Act of Union in 1707, in which the Kingdom of England became part of the Kingdom of Great Britain, English customs and identity became closely aligned with British customs and identity.
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Gary Boyd Roberts
Gary Boyd Roberts (born September 29, 1943, Houston, Texas) is an American genealogist known for his scholarship in Americans of royal descent, the ancestors of American presidents, and notable kin. Roberts is the retired Senior Research Scholar of the New England Historic Genealogical Society (NEHGS).
A native of Houston, Texas, Roberts received a B.A. from Yale University and an M.A. from the University of Chicago. He was also a graduate student at the University of California, Berkeley. He married Margaret Melstrom on September 6, 1969 at Cherry Hill, New Jersey. The couple divorced in 1975 with no issue.
Roberts is the son of Jack Carl and Mary Elizabeth (Boyd) Roberts. He is the great-great-grandson of a soldier from the Confederate States of America, Calvin Henderson Roberts of Johnston County, North Carolina.
Roberts joined the NEHGS staff in 1974 and held a number of positions including Director of Publications and Senior Research Scholar. Roberts is a former member of the Society of Genealogists and the Connecticut Society of Genealogists. Roberts's genealogical interests include immigrant origins and royal descents; royal and noble genealogy; the ancestry of notable figures, especially U. S. presidents; colonial New England, mid-Atlantic states, and the South.
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Gerald Ford
Gerald Rudolph "Jerry" Ford, Jr. (born Leslie Lynch King, Jr.; July 14, 1913 – December 26, 2006) was the 38th President of the United States, serving from 1974 to 1977, and the 40th Vice President of the United States serving from 1973 to 1974. As the first person appointed to the vice-presidency under the terms of the 25th Amendment (after Spiro Agnew had resigned), when he became President upon Richard Nixon's resignation on August 9, 1974, he became the only President of the United States who was never elected President nor Vice-President by the Electoral College. Before ascending to the vice-presidency, Ford served nearly 25 years as the Representative from Michigan's 5th congressional district, eight of them as the Republican Minority Leader.
As President, Ford signed the Helsinki Accords, marking a move toward détente in the Cold War. With the conquest of South Vietnam by North Vietnam nine months into his presidency, U.S. involvement in Vietnam essentially ended. Domestically, Ford presided over arguably the weakest economy since the Great Depression, with growing inflation and a recession during his tenure. One of his more controversial acts was to grant a presidential pardon to President Richard Nixon for his role in the Watergate scandal. During Ford's incumbency, foreign policy was characterized in procedural terms by the increased role Congress began to play, and by the corresponding curb on the powers of the President. In 1976, Ford narrowly defeated Ronald Reagan for the Republican nomination, but lost the presidential election to Democrat Jimmy Carter.
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German American
German Americans are citizens of the United States of German ancestry and comprise about 50 million people, or 17% of the U.S. population, the country's largest self-reported ancestral group.California, Texas and Pennsylvania have the largest numbers of German origin, although upper Midwestern states, including Ohio, Iowa, Minnesota, Wisconsin, Nebraska, and the Dakotas, have the highest proportion of German Americans at over one-third.
None of the historical German states had overseas colonies, so not until the 1680s did the first significant groups of German immigrants arrive in the British colonies, settling primarily in New York and Pennsylvania. Immigration continued in very large numbers during the 19th century, with some eight million arrivals from Germany. They were pulled by the attractions of land and religious freedom, and pushed out of Europe by shortages of land and religious or political oppression. Many arrived seeking religious or political freedom, others for economic opportunities greater than those in Europe, and others simply for the chance to start fresh in the New World. The arrivals before 1850 were mostly farmers who sought out the most productive land, where their intensive farming techniques would pay off. After 1840, many came to cities, where "Germania"—German-speaking districts—soon emerged.
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Harry Reid
Harry Mason Reid (born December 2, 1939) is the senior United States Senator from Nevada, serving since 1987. A member of the Democratic Party, he has been the Senate Majority Leader since January 2007, having previously served as Minority Leader and Minority and Majority Whip.
Previously, Reid was a member of the U.S. House of Representatives, representing Nevada's 1st congressional district, and served in Nevada local and state government as city attorney of Henderson, a state legislator, the 25th Lieutenant Governor, and chairman of the Nevada Gaming Commission.
As Senate Majority Leader and a member of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, Harry Reid has achieved a more senior elected position in the United States government than any Mormon in history.
Reid was born in Searchlight, Nevada, the third of the four sons of Inez Orena (née Jaynes), a laundress, and Harry Vincent Reid, a miner. His paternal grandmother was an English immigrant from Darlston, Staffordshire. Reid's boyhood home had no indoor toilet, hot water or telephone. Searchlight had no high school, so Reid boarded with relatives 40 miles away in Henderson, Nevada to attend Basic High School where he played football, and was an amateur boxer. While at Basic High he met future Nevada governor Mike O'Callaghan, who was a teacher there. Reid attended Southern Utah University and graduated from Utah State University where he double majored in political science and history. Reid also minored in economics from the Jon M. Huntsman School of Business. He then went to George Washington University Law School earning a J.D. while working for the United States Capitol Police.
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Irish people
The Irish people (Irish: Muintir na hÉireann or na hÉireannaigh; Ulster-Scots: Airisch or Airish fowk) are an ethnic group who originate in Ireland, an island in northwestern Europe. Ireland has been populated for around 9,000 years (according to archaeological studies, see Prehistoric Ireland). The Irish people's earliest ancestors are recorded in legends – they are claimed to be descended from groups such as the Nemedians, Fomorians, Fir Bolg, Tuatha Dé Danann and the Milesians.Lebor Gabála Érenn, a book of Irish mythology tells that Tuatha Dé Dananns were Scythian descendants.
The main groups that interacted with the Irish in the Middle Ages include the Picts, Scots, and the Vikings. Due to this contact, Icelanders are noted for having some Irish descent. The Anglo-Norman invasion of the High Middle Ages, the English plantations and the subsequent English rule of the country introduced the Normans and Flemish into Ireland. Welsh, Picts, Bretons, and small parties of Gauls and even Anglo-Saxons are known in Ireland from much earlier times.
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Jake Tapper
Jacob Paul "Jake" Tapper (born March 12, 1969) is an American print and television journalist, currently the senior White House correspondent for ABC News in Washington, D.C. He was named to that position the day after election day 2008, having covered then-senator Barack Obama's presidential campaign.
He last interviewed Obama in July 2009 in Moscow, in an interview where the president expressed confidence that his foreign policy approach was starting to work and said regarding the stimulus package, "there's nothing that we would have done differently." That January, Tapper had broken the story of the tax troubles of then-Health and Human Services secretary nominee and former Senate majority leader Tom Daschle (D-SD), troubles that ultimately derailed Daschle's nomination.
From March through July 2010, Tapper was interim anchor of ABC's This Week, hosting the program until Christiane Amanpour became This Week's anchor.
Tapper was born in New York City and was raised in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. His mother, Anne Tapper, retired as a psychiatric nurse at Philadelphia Veterans Administration Medical Center. His father, Theodore S. "Ted" Tapper, a Dartmouth graduate, was a president of South Philadelphia Pediatrics, a group medical practice, and is an associate clinical professor of pediatrics at Jefferson Medical College, both in Philadelphia.
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James Madison
James Madison, Jr. (March 16, 1751 (O.S. March 5) – June 28, 1836) was an American statesman and political theorist, the fourth President of the United States (1809–1817). He is hailed as the “Father of the Constitution” for being instrumental in the drafting of the United States Constitution and as the key champion and author of the United States Bill of Rights. He served as a politician much of his adult life. Like other Virginia statesmen in the slave society, he was a slaveholder and part of the élite; he inherited his plantation known as Montpelier, and owned hundreds of slaves during his lifetime to cultivate tobacco and other crops.
After the constitution had been drafted, Madison became one of the leaders in the movement to ratify it. His collaboration with Alexander Hamilton and John Jay produced the Federalist Papers (1788). Circulated only in New York at the time, they would later be considered among the most important polemics in support of the Constitution. He was also a delegate to the Virginia constitutional ratifying convention, and was instrumental to the successful ratification effort in Virginia. Like most of his contemporaries, Madison changed his political views during his life. During the drafting and ratification of the constitution, he favored a strong national government, though later he grew to favor stronger state governments, before settling between the two extremes late in his life.
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Jimmy Carter
James Earl "Jimmy" Carter, Jr. (born October 1, 1924) is an American politician who served as the 39th President of the United States (1977–1981) and was the recipient of the 2002 Nobel Peace Prize, the only U.S. President to have received the Prize after leaving office. Before he became President, Carter served as a U.S. Naval officer, was a peanut farmer, served two terms as a Georgia State Senator and one as Governor of Georgia (1971–1975).
During Carter's term as President, two new cabinet-level departments were created: the Department of Energy and the Department of Education. He established a national energy policy that included conservation, price control, and new technology. In foreign affairs, Carter pursued the Camp David Accords, the Panama Canal Treaties, the second round of Strategic Arms Limitation Talks (SALT II), and returned the Panama Canal Zone to Panama. Throughout his career, Carter strongly emphasized human rights. He took office during a period of international stagflation, which persisted throughout his term. The end of his presidential tenure was marked by the 1979–1981 Iran hostage crisis, the 1979 energy crisis, the Three Mile Island nuclear accident, the Soviet invasion of Afghanistan (at the end of 1979), 1980 Summer Olympics boycott by the United States of the Moscow Olympics and the 1980 eruption of Mount St. Helens.
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Joe Biden
Joseph Robinette "Joe" Biden, Jr. (pronunciation: /ˈdʒoʊsɨf rɒbɨˈnɛt ˈbaɪdən/; born November 20, 1942) is the 47th and current Vice President of the United States, serving under President Barack Obama. A Democrat, he was a United States Senator from Delaware from January 3, 1973 until his resignation on January 15, 2009, following his election to the Vice Presidency.
Biden was born in Scranton, Pennsylvania and lived there for ten years before moving to Delaware. He became an attorney in 1969, and was elected to a county council in 1970. Biden was first elected to the Senate in 1972 and became the sixth-youngest senator in U.S. history. He was re-elected to the Senate six times, was the fourth most senior senator at the time of his resignation, and is the 15th-longest serving Senator in history. Biden was a long-time member and former chairman of the Foreign Relations Committee. His strong advocacy helped bring about U.S. military assistance and intervention during the Bosnian War. He opposed the Gulf War in 1991. He voted in favor of the Iraq War Resolution in 2002, but later proposed resolutions to alter U.S. strategy there. He has also served as chairman of the Senate Judiciary Committee, dealing with issues related to drug policy, crime prevention, and civil liberties, and led creation of the Violent Crime Control and Law Enforcement Act and Violence Against Women Act. He chaired the Judiciary Committee during the contentious U.S. Supreme Court nominations of Robert Bork and Clarence Thomas.
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Joe Johns
Joe Johns is a CNN correspondent based in the Washington, D.C. bureau. He previously worked as an NBC News Capitol Hill Correspondent for TODAY and other NBC programs. He also worked as an anchor for WSAZ-TV in 1980.
Johns was a star discus thrower at West High School in Columbus, Ohio. Johns was a four year scholarship track and field athlete at Marshall University and was inducted into the Marshall University Athletics Hall of Fame in 2003. He holds a bachelor of arts degree in political science from Marshall University in Huntington, West Virginia and a law degree from American University in D.C.
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John McCain
John Sidney McCain III (born August 29, 1936) is the senior United States Senator from Arizona. He was the Republican presidential nominee in the 2008 United States election.
McCain followed his father and grandfather, both four-star admirals, into the United States Navy, graduating from the U.S. Naval Academy in 1958. He became a naval aviator, flying ground-attack aircraft from aircraft carriers. During the Vietnam War, he was almost killed in the 1967 USS Forrestal fire. In October 1967, while on a bombing mission over Hanoi, he was shot down, seriously injured, and captured by the North Vietnamese. He was a prisoner of war until 1973. McCain experienced episodes of torture, and refused an out-of-sequence early repatriation offer. His war wounds left him with lifelong physical limitations.
He retired from the Navy as a captain in 1981 and moved to Arizona, where he entered politics. Elected to the U.S. House of Representatives in 1982, he served two terms, and was then elected to the U.S. Senate in 1986, winning re-election easily four times, most recently in 2010. While generally adhering to conservative principles, McCain at times has had a media reputation as a "maverick" for his willingness to disagree with his party on certain issues. After being investigated and largely exonerated in a political influence scandal of the 1980s as a member of the Keating Five, he made campaign finance reform one of his signature concerns, which eventually led to the passage of the McCain-Feingold Act in 2002. He is also known for his work towards restoring diplomatic relations with Vietnam in the 1990s, and for his belief that the war in Iraq should be fought to a successful conclusion. McCain has chaired the Senate Commerce Committee, opposed spending that he considered to be pork barrel, and played a key role in alleviating a crisis over judicial nominations.
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Joshua DuBois
Joshua DuBois (born in 1982) is the head of the Office of Faith Based and Neighborhood Partnerships in the Executive Office of the President of the United States under President Barack Obama.
DuBois is a Pentecostal minister with a Masters Degree in International Affairs from Princeton University who first became involved in political activism as a Boston University student in the wake of the Amadou Diallo controversy.
DuBois graduated cum laude from BU in 2003 with a bachelor's degree in political science. From there, he went on to Princeton's Woodrow Wilson School of Public and International Affairs, where he earned a master's degree in public affairs in 2005. Meanwhile, he worked as an aide to Representative Rush D. Holt, Jr., and was a fellow in the office of Representative Charles B. Rangel.
After watching Barack Obama's speech to the 2004 Democratic National Convention on television, DuBois decided he wanted to work for Obama, then a candidate for the U.S. Senate. Eventually, Obama hired him as a Senate aide. In 2008, DuBois was religious affairs director for the Obama presidential campaign.
wn.com/Joshua_DuBois -
Larry McMurtry
Larry Jeff McMurtry (born June 3, 1936) is an American novelist, essayist, bookseller and screenwriter whose work is predominantly set in either the old West or in contemporary Texas. He is known for his 1975 novel Terms of Endearment, his 1985 Pulitzer Prize-winning novel Lonesome Dove, a historical saga that follows ex-Texas Rangers as they drive their cattle from the Rio Grande to a new home in the frontier of Montana, and for co-writing the adapted screenplay for Brokeback Mountain. Lonesome Dove was adapted into a television miniseries and both the films of Terms of Endearment and Brokeback Mountain won Academy Awards. He also awarded Brian Allen Carr the inaugural Texas Observer Story Prize.
McMurtry was born in Archer City, 25 miles from Wichita Falls, Texas, the son of Hazel Ruth (née McIver) and William Jefferson McMurtry, who was a rancher. He grew up on a ranch outside Archer City, Texas, which is the model for the town of Thalia that appears in much of his fiction. He earned degrees from University of North Texas (B.A. 1958) and Rice University (M.A. 1960).
wn.com/Larry_McMurtry -
Lolo Soetoro
Lolo Soetoro, also known as Lolo Soetoro Mangunharjo or Mangundikardjo, (EYD: Lolo Sutoro) (pronounced [ˈlɒlɒ suːˈtɒrɒː]; January 2, 1935− March 2, 1987) was the Indonesian stepfather of Barack Obama, the 44th President of the United States of America.
Born in Bandung, West Java, Soetoro was the ninth of ten children of Martodihardjo, who was from Yogyakarta. Soetoro's father and eldest brother were killed during the Indonesian National Revolution, when Indonesia won independence from the Dutch, and the Dutch army burned the family's home. Soetoro fled with his mother to the countryside.
Soetoro earned his bachelor's degree in geography from Gadjah Mada University, Yogyakarta. In 1962, Soetoro, then a civilian employee of the Indonesian Army Topographic Service, obtained an East-West Center grant for graduate study in geography at the University of Hawaii at Manoa. He arrived in Honolulu in September 1962 and graduated from the university with a M.A. in geography in June 1964.
After living in Seattle, Washington, with her infant son Barack from September 1961 to June 1962 while taking classes at the University of Washington, Ann Dunham returned to Honolulu and resumed her undergraduate education at the University of Hawaii in January 1963. In January 1964 she filed for divorce from her estranged husband, Barack Obama Sr., who had left Hawaii in June 1962 to pursue graduate study at Harvard University.
wn.com/Lolo_Soetoro -
Madelyn Dunham
Madelyn Lee Payne Dunham ( /ˈdʌnəm/ DUN-əm; October 26, 1922 – November 2, 2008) was the American maternal grandmother of Barack Obama, the 44th and current President of the United States of America. She and her husband Stanley Armour Dunham raised Obama from age ten in their Honolulu, Hawaii apartment, where on November 2, 2008, she died two days before her grandson was elected President.
Madelyn Lee Payne was born in Peru, Kansas, the eldest of four children of Rolla Charles "R.C." Payne (August 23, 1892 – October 15, 1968) and Leona Belle (McCurry) Payne (May 7, 1897 – March 22, 1968). In Barack Obama's memoir, Dreams From My Father, he describes them as "stern Methodist parents who did not believe in drinking, playing cards or dancing." She moved with her parents to Augusta, Kansas at the age of three. Madelyn was an honor roll student and one of the best students at Augusta High School, where she graduated in 1940. Despite her strict upbringing, she liked to go to Wichita, Kansas to see big band concerts. While in Wichita, she met Stanley Dunham from El Dorado, Kansas, and the two married on May 5, 1940, the night of Madelyn's senior prom.
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Malaysian Chinese
Malaysian Chinese or Chinese Malaysians (Bahasa Malaysia: Kaum Cina Malaysia; Chinese: trad 馬來西亞華人, simp 马来西亚华人, pin Mǎláixīyà Huárén) are Malaysians of Chinese – particularly Han Chinese – descent. Most are the descendants of Chinese who arrived between the first and the mid-twentieth centuries. Malaysian Chinese constitute one group of Overseas Chinese and is home to the third-largest Chinese community in the world, after Thailand and Indonesia. Within Malaysia, they are usually simply referred to as "Chinese" and represent the second largest ethnic group in Malaysia after the ethnic Malay majority. As of 2010, approximately 6,960,000 Malaysians – almost a quarter of the population – self-identify as "Chinese".
Malaysian Chinese are a socioeconomically well-established middle class ethnic group and make up a highly disproportionate percentage of Malaysia's professional and educated class, have a record of high educational achievement, and hold one of the highest household incomes compared with most minority demographic groups in Malaysia. Malaysian Chinese have a considerable pressence in both the Malaysian business and commerce sectors, controlling an estimated 70% of the Malaysian economy. They are also one of the biggest taxpayers contributing to almost 90% of the national income tax and 60% of Malaysia's national income.
wn.com/Malaysian_Chinese -
Michelle Obama
Michelle LaVaughn Robinson Obama (born January 17, 1964) is the wife of the 44th and incumbent President of the United States, Barack Obama, and is the first African-American First Lady of the United States. Raised on the South Side of Chicago, Obama attended Princeton University and Harvard Law School before returning to Chicago and to work at the law firm Sidley Austin, where she met her future husband. Subsequently, she worked as part of the staff of Chicago mayor Richard M. Daley, and for the University of Chicago Medical Center.
Throughout 2007 and 2008, she helped campaign for her husband's presidential bid and delivered a keynote address at the 2008 Democratic National Convention. She is the mother of two daughters, Malia and Sasha, and is the sister of Craig Robinson, men's basketball coach at Oregon State University. As the wife of a Senator, and later the First Lady, she has become a fashion icon and role model for women, and an advocate for poverty awareness, nutrition and healthy eating.
wn.com/Michelle_Obama -
Nicholas Wade
Nicholas Wade is a British-born scientific reporter, editor and author who currently writes for the Science Times section of The New York Times.
Wade was born in Aylesbury, England and educated at Eton College and King's College, Cambridge. Wade has been a correspondent, based in Washington, and deputy editor, based in London, of the journal Nature. He also reported from Washington for the journal Science. At the New York Times he has worked as an editorial writer covering science, environment and defense, and as editor of the science section. He is the author of several books including "The Nobel Duel," (Doubleday, 1980) an account of two scientists' race to win the Nobel prize; "Betrayers of the Truth," co-authored with William J. Broad (Simon & Schuster, 1982) and "Before the Dawn," (Penguin Press, 2006) about human evolution in the last 10,000 years. His most recent book, about the evolution of religious behavior, is "The Faith Instinct" (Penguin Press, 2009).
He is the grandson of teacher and author Lawrence Beesley, a survivor of the RMS Titanic.
wn.com/Nicholas_Wade -
People Magazine
People (originally called People Weekly) is a weekly American magazine of celebrity and human-interest stories, published by Time Inc. As of 2006, it has a circulation of 3.75 million and revenue expected to top $1.5 billion. It was named "Magazine of the Year" by Advertising Age in October 2005, for excellence in editorial, circulation and advertising.People ranked #6 on Advertising Age's annual "A-list" and #3 on Adweek's "Brand Blazers" list in October 2006.
The magazine runs a roughly 50/50 mix of celebrity and human-interest articles. People's editors claim to refrain from printing pure celebrity gossip, enough so to lead celebrity publicists to propose exclusives to the magazine, evidence of what one staffer calls a "publicist-friendly strategy".
People's website, People.com, focuses exclusively on celebrity news. In February 2007, the website drew 39.6 million page views "within a day" of the Golden Globes. However "the mother ship of Oscar coverage" broke a site record with 51.7 million page views on the day after the Oscars, beating the previous record set just a month before from the Golden Globes.[not in citation given]
wn.com/People_Magazine -
Robert Duvall
Robert Selden Duvall (born January 5, 1931) is an American actor and director. He has won an Academy Award, two Emmy Awards, four Golden Globe Awards and a BAFTA over the course of his career.
A veteran character actor, Duvall has starred in some of the most acclaimed and popular films and TV shows of all time, among them The Twilight Zone, The Outer Limits, To Kill a Mockingbird, THX 1138, Joe Kidd, The Godfather, The Godfather Part II, MASH, Network, True Grit, Bullitt, The Conversation, Apocalypse Now, Tender Mercies, The Natural and Lonesome Dove.
He began appearing in theater during the late 1950s, moving into television and film roles during the early 1960s in such works as To Kill a Mockingbird (1962) (as Boo Radley) and Captain Newman, M.D. (1963). He started to land much larger roles during the early 1970s with films like the blockbuster comedy MASH (1970) (as Major Frank Burns) and the lead in George Lucas' THX 1138 (1971). This was followed by a series of critically lauded performances in films which were also commercial successes: The Godfather (1972), The Godfather Part II (1974), Network (1976), The Great Santini (1979), Apocalypse Now (1979), and True Confessions (1981).
wn.com/Robert_Duvall -
Ted Kennedy
Edward Moore "Ted" Kennedy (February 22, 1932 – August 25, 2009) was a United States Senator from Massachusetts and a member of the Democratic Party. Serving almost 47 years, he was the second most senior member of the Senate when he died and is the fourth-longest-serving senator in United States history. For many years the most prominent living member of the Kennedy family, he was the last surviving son of Joseph P. Kennedy, Sr.; the youngest brother of President John F. Kennedy and Senator Robert F. Kennedy, both victims of assassination, and Joseph P. Kennedy, Jr., killed in action in World War II; and the father of Congressman Patrick J. Kennedy.
Kennedy entered the Senate in a November 1962 special election to fill the seat once held by his brother John. He was elected to a full six-year term in 1964 and was reelected seven more times before his death. The controversial Chappaquiddick incident on July 18, 1969, resulted in the death of his automobile passenger Mary Jo Kopechne; Kennedy pleaded guilty to a charge of leaving the scene of an accident, and the incident significantly damaged his chances of ever becoming President of the United States. His one attempt, in the 1980 presidential election, resulted in a Democratic primary campaign loss to incumbent President Jimmy Carter.
wn.com/Ted_Kennedy -
Tom Mboya
Thomas Joseph Odhiambo Mboya (August 15, 1930 – July 5, 1969) was a prominent Kenyan politician during Jomo Kenyatta's government. He was founder of the Nairobi People's Congress Party, a key figure in the formation of the Kenya African National Union (KANU), and the Minister of Economic Planning and Development at the time of his death. Mboya was assassinated on July 5, 1969 in Nairobi.
Thomas Odhiambo Mboya was born on August 15, 1930 in Kilima Mbogo, near Thika town in what was called the White Highlands of Kenya.
Mboya was educated at various Catholic mission schools. In 1942, he joined a Catholic Secondary School in Yala, in Nyanza province, St. Mary's School Yala. In 1946, he went to the Holy Ghost College (later Mang'u High School), where he passed well enough to proceed to do his Cambridge School Certificate. In 1948, Mboya joined the Royal Sanitary Institute's Medical Training School for Sanitary Inspectors at Nairobi, qualifying as an inspector in 1950. In 1955 he received a scholarship from Britain's Trades Union Congress to attend Ruskin College, Oxford, where he studied industrial management. Upon his graduation in 1956, he returned to Kenya and joined politics at a time when the British government was gaining control over the Kenya Land Freedom Army Mau Mau uprising.
wn.com/Tom_Mboya -
Tricia Nixon Cox
Patricia "Tricia" Nixon Cox (born February 21, 1946) is the elder daughter of the 37th U.S. President Richard M. Nixon and First Lady Pat Nixon, and sister to Julie Nixon Eisenhower.
Cox performed more of a ceremonial role during her father's political career than did her younger sister Julie Nixon Eisenhower, accompanying him to many campaign stops and, after his presidential inauguration, state trips around the world.
She is married to Edward Finch Cox and is the mother of Christopher Nixon Cox.
Cox attended Finch College in Manhattan, New York, a since-closed women's college best known as a "Finishing School" for affluent young women. At her graduation on June 14, 1968, her father served as a special guest speaker.
Cox married Harvard Law student Edward Finch Cox in a White House Rose Garden ceremony on June 12, 1971. The wedding was described in Life magazine as "akin to American royalty".[citation needed]
She has lived a very private life, staying home to care for her son, Christopher Nixon Cox, born in March 1979. She and her husband, now a corporate attorney and the chairman of the New York Republican State Committee, live just off Fifth Avenue in Manhattan. She serves on the boards of many medical-research institutions, as well as the Richard Nixon Foundation at the Nixon Library in California.
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Turk Pipkin
Turk Pipkin is the co-founder of The Nobelity Project, an education and action non-profit which seeks to find solutions to many pressing global problems, and which advocates for basic rights for children everywhere. He is also known for his work as an author, actor, comedian, and director.
In 2006 Turk Pipkin founded the non-profit organization The Nobelity Project with his wife, Christy Pipkin. After interviewing nine Nobel Laureates, he directed Nobelity, a film about global problems such as energy, hunger, land mines, and climate change. He then spent 3 years traveling to 5 continents and 20 countries filming a sequel, One Peace at a Time, which focuses on solutions in the areas of water, nutrition, education, health care, opportunity, environment and peace. In 2011 The Nobelity Project released their third film, entitled Building Hope about construction of Mahiga Hope High School in rural Kenya. The Nobel Laureates he worked with include Desmond Tutu, Wangari Maathai, Ahmed Zewail, Steven Chu (current U.S. Secretary of Energy), Harold Varmus, Steve Weinberg, Muhammad Yunus, Amartya Sen, Jody Williams, Sir Joseph Rotblat and Richard Smalley. The work with Roblat and Smalley were the final major interviews of their lives.[citation needed]
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Wild Bill Hickok
James Butler Hickok (May 27, 1837 – August 2, 1876), better known as Wild Bill Hickok, was a folk hero of the American Old West. His skills as a gunfighter and scout, along with his reputation as a lawman, provided the basis for his fame, although some of his exploits are fictionalized.
Hickok came to the West as a stagecoach driver, then became a lawman in the frontier territories of Kansas and Nebraska. He fought for the Union Army during the American Civil War, and gained publicity after the war as a scout, marksman, actor, and professional gambler. Between his law-enforcement duties and gambling, which easily overlapped, Hickok was involved in several notable shootouts. He was shot and killed while playing poker in the Number Ten Saloon in Deadwood, Dakota Territory (now South Dakota).
Hickok was born in Homer, Illinois (now Troy Grove, Illinois) on May 27, 1837 of English ancestry. His birthplace is now the Wild Bill Hickok Memorial, a listed historic site under the supervision of the Illinois Historic Preservation Agency. Hickok was a good shot from a very young age and was recognized locally as an outstanding marksman with a pistol.
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Zeituni Onyango
Zeituni Onyango (English pronunciation: /zeɪˈtʌni ɔːˈnjɑːŋɡoʊ/ zay-TUN-ee aw-NYAHNG-goh; born May 29, 1952) is the half-aunt of United States President Barack Obama. Onyango is the half-sister of Obama's late father Barack Obama, Sr. She is referred to as "Aunti Zeituni" in Obama's memoir Dreams from My Father.
In 2000, Onyango, a native of Kenya, moved to the United States and in 2002 sought political asylum in the United States citing violence: Kenya and East Africa have seen an escalation in violence in the 2000s (decade). Her case was denied in 2004 but she remained in South Boston, Massachusetts, and has since retained legal representation. Her case was leaked in the final days of the 2008 U.S. presidential election in which Obama was the Democratic candidate.
Her case became the subject of international media attention highlighting "the hot-button topic of illegal immigration into a race that has largely avoided it" and the contradictory rules governing public housing in Massachusetts. It also sparked an investigation by the DHS as to how her case was leaked and added heightened administrative review on asylum deportations until after the 2008 general election. Onyango's case is often cited in light of immigration reform efforts of the Obama administration.
wn.com/Zeituni_Onyango
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Sasha Obama - A Great American Moment!
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:05
- Updated: 06 Feb 2013
One of the best moments on the first night of the Democratic National Convention. The Obamas are such a lovely and down to earth family. This is way cool.
http://wn.com/Sasha_Obama_A_Great_American_Moment!
One of the best moments on the first night of the Democratic National Convention. The Obamas are such a lovely and down to earth family. This is way cool.
Obama Girls - Malia and Sasha Obama - Election 2012
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 2:47
- Updated: 05 Feb 2013
Jodi Kantor of The New York Times talks about the vital role that President Obama's daughters, Malia and Sasha, have played in his private life as well as his political one. Click here to see more videos from the DNC: nyti.ms
http://wn.com/Obama_Girls_Malia_and_Sasha_Obama_Election_2012
Jodi Kantor of The New York Times talks about the vital role that President Obama's daughters, Malia and Sasha, have played in his private life as well as his political one. Click here to see more videos from the DNC: nyti.ms
- published: 07 Sep 2012
- views: 272647
- author: TheNewYorkTimes
How Malia and Sasha Helped President Obama Kick His Smoking Habit
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 4:22
- Updated: 03 Feb 2013
iVillage Guest Editor Michelle Obama says the President ultimately stopped smoking but because he didn't want to look his girls in the eye and tell them not to smoke if he was. Check out all of her picks as Guest Editor for iVillage: www.ivillage.com SUBSCRIBE TO iVILLAGE! bit.ly *** iVillage: www.ivillage.com iVillage on YouTube www.youtube.com iVillage on Facebook: www.facebook.com iVillage on Twitter: twitter.com
http://wn.com/How_Malia_and_Sasha_Helped_President_Obama_Kick_His_Smoking_Habit
iVillage Guest Editor Michelle Obama says the President ultimately stopped smoking but because he didn't want to look his girls in the eye and tell them not to smoke if he was. Check out all of her picks as Guest Editor for iVillage: www.ivillage.com SUBSCRIBE TO iVILLAGE! bit.ly *** iVillage: www.ivillage.com iVillage on YouTube www.youtube.com iVillage on Facebook: www.facebook.com iVillage on Twitter: twitter.com
- published: 22 Aug 2012
- views: 45150
- author: ivillage
Sasha Obama: 'Good job, Dad. You didn't mess up.'
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:08
- Updated: 06 Feb 2013
This time, President Obama Justice Roberts got the words right. The oath look 32 seconds inside the White House.
http://wn.com/Sasha_Obama_'Good_job,_Dad_You_didn't_mess_up'
This time, President Obama Justice Roberts got the words right. The oath look 32 seconds inside the White House.
- published: 21 Jan 2013
- views: 355569
- author: adalrich00
Sasha Obama reminds dad "Behind you!"
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 1:03
- Updated: 30 Jan 2013
President Obama had a little help from his daughter when she encouraged him to acknowledge the fans behind them. For more CNN videos, check out our YouTube channel at www.youtube.com Or visit our site at www.cnn.com
http://wn.com/Sasha_Obama_reminds_dad_Behind_you!
President Obama had a little help from his daughter when she encouraged him to acknowledge the fans behind them. For more CNN videos, check out our YouTube channel at www.youtube.com Or visit our site at www.cnn.com
- published: 09 Nov 2012
- views: 37663
- author: CNN
Malia & Sasha Obama:Through The Years
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 4:48
- Updated: 04 Feb 2013
Here's a video of the Obama girls. They've grown soo much and I know that they are going to be well respected women. I hope we can see them grow up even more in the White House. Vote Obama 2012!
http://wn.com/Malia_Sasha_ObamaThrough_The_Years
Here's a video of the Obama girls. They've grown soo much and I know that they are going to be well respected women. I hope we can see them grow up even more in the White House. Vote Obama 2012!
- published: 04 Jul 2012
- views: 10777
- author: Purplenurple36
Malia and Sasha Obama
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 7:29
- Updated: 04 Feb 2013
Wow look at how they're growing. They just get more beautiful everyday. Enjoy this video that I nade for the Obama girls. Music:Jill Parr-feel the scars Pink-who knew
http://wn.com/Malia_and_Sasha_Obama
Wow look at how they're growing. They just get more beautiful everyday. Enjoy this video that I nade for the Obama girls. Music:Jill Parr-feel the scars Pink-who knew
- published: 27 Apr 2011
- views: 14645
- author: Purplenurple36
Sasha Obama to her father: "Behind you!" (2012 US Presidential Victory Speech)
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 0:25
- Updated: 30 Jan 2013
Here is Sasha Obama reminding her father to wave "Behind you!" when the Obama family first came on stage on election night.
http://wn.com/Sasha_Obama_to_her_father_Behind_you!_2012_US_Presidential_Victory_Speech
Here is Sasha Obama reminding her father to wave "Behind you!" when the Obama family first came on stage on election night.
- published: 08 Nov 2012
- views: 3240529
- author: ohshawman
Sasha and Malia Obama: Growing Up in the White House
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 1:42
- Updated: 01 Feb 2013
A look at what lies ahead for Sasha and Malia Obama.
http://wn.com/Sasha_and_Malia_Obama_Growing_Up_in_the_White_House
A look at what lies ahead for Sasha and Malia Obama.
- published: 08 Nov 2012
- views: 18215
- author: ABCNews
Malia and Sasha: Michelle Obama Looks Back
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 1:52
- Updated: 03 Feb 2013
Michelle Obama on daughters growing up in the spotlight. For more: abcnews.go.com
http://wn.com/Malia_and_Sasha_Michelle_Obama_Looks_Back
Michelle Obama on daughters growing up in the spotlight. For more: abcnews.go.com
- published: 07 Sep 2012
- views: 33395
- author: ABCNews
Election Results 2012: President Barack Obama's Family Calls White House Home for Four More Years
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:45
- Updated: 05 Feb 2013
What's next for the president beginning second term in the White House?
http://wn.com/Election_Results_2012_President_Barack_Obama's_Family_Calls_White_House_Home_for_Four_More_Years
What's next for the president beginning second term in the White House?
- published: 07 Nov 2012
- views: 53297
- author: ABCNews
Malia's Photobomb Fail During President and Michelle Obama Kiss for Camera
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 0:28
- Updated: 06 Feb 2013
Not even an attempted photobomb by Malia could keep Sasha from capturing a kiss between Barack and Michelle Obama on her iPhone at the presidential reviewing stand during the inaugural parade. Full Inauguration Playlist: www.youtube.com Click here to subscribe to our channel: www.youtube.com Visit us on Facebook: www.facebook.com Follow us on Twitter: twitter.com Visit the Wall Street Journal: www.wsj.com
http://wn.com/Malia's_Photobomb_Fail_During_President_and_Michelle_Obama_Kiss_for_Camera
Not even an attempted photobomb by Malia could keep Sasha from capturing a kiss between Barack and Michelle Obama on her iPhone at the presidential reviewing stand during the inaugural parade. Full Inauguration Playlist: www.youtube.com Click here to subscribe to our channel: www.youtube.com Visit us on Facebook: www.facebook.com Follow us on Twitter: twitter.com Visit the Wall Street Journal: www.wsj.com
- published: 22 Jan 2013
- views: 99907
- author: WSJDigitalNetwork
Malia and Sasha Obama
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 4:32
- Updated: 06 Feb 2013
Tribute to the First daughters Malia and Sasha. PLEASE RATE & COMMENT!
http://wn.com/Malia_and_Sasha_Obama
Tribute to the First daughters Malia and Sasha. PLEASE RATE & COMMENT!
- published: 14 May 2009
- views: 19385
- author: Amber1687
Malia and Sasha Obama Arrive at Inauguration - Obama Inauguration
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 1:45
- Updated: 07 Feb 2013
http://wn.com/Malia_and_Sasha_Obama_Arrive_at_Inauguration_Obama_Inauguration
Sasha Obama yawns during her father's inauguration speech
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 0:06
- Updated: 03 Feb 2013
21 January 2013 Sasha Obama yawns during her father Barack Obama's second presidential inauguration speech.
http://wn.com/Sasha_Obama_yawns_during_her_father's_inauguration_speech
21 January 2013 Sasha Obama yawns during her father Barack Obama's second presidential inauguration speech.
- published: 21 Jan 2013
- views: 103620
- author: appworld7
Sasha Obama Whispers in Her Dad's Ear 'BEHIND YOU' on Election Night
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 1:05
- Updated: 23 Jan 2013
Daddy's girl Sasha Obama caught on camera as she shares tender moment with her father at re-election victory. Sasha Obama is clearly a bit of a daddy's girl. When out and about the 11-year-old is regularly spotted by her father's side, and during Tuesday night's re-election victory she shared a tender moment with him in front of the cameras. As she took to the stage with her family in Chicago to greet thousands of supporters, she nudged her dad telling him several times to wave to the crowds 'behind you!'. On her instruction, the President promptly turned around with his wife and two daughters, as audience members cheered in appreciation. A video capturing the moment titled, Sasha Obama to her father: "Behind you!", has since been posted to YouTube. One viewer commented:'In front of a screaming crowd of thousands, the President heard the voice of his 11-year-old daughter. 'Sasha had the awareness to realize what was happening behind them and felt comfortable enough to tell her father, even on that big stage.' On Wednesday, as the Obama's returned to the White House, Sasha was seen at the airport walking arm in arm with her father, carrying a 'I Heart Obama' tote bag, while her mother, Michelle, and older sister, Malia, lagged behind. President Obama's two daughters were introduced to the world's stage during his first presidential campaign. At the time Malia was only ten and Sasha, whose real name is Natasha, was only seven years old. Sasha is now in sixth grade at ...
http://wn.com/Sasha_Obama_Whispers_in_Her_Dad's_Ear_'BEHIND_YOU'_on_Election_Night
Daddy's girl Sasha Obama caught on camera as she shares tender moment with her father at re-election victory. Sasha Obama is clearly a bit of a daddy's girl. When out and about the 11-year-old is regularly spotted by her father's side, and during Tuesday night's re-election victory she shared a tender moment with him in front of the cameras. As she took to the stage with her family in Chicago to greet thousands of supporters, she nudged her dad telling him several times to wave to the crowds 'behind you!'. On her instruction, the President promptly turned around with his wife and two daughters, as audience members cheered in appreciation. A video capturing the moment titled, Sasha Obama to her father: "Behind you!", has since been posted to YouTube. One viewer commented:'In front of a screaming crowd of thousands, the President heard the voice of his 11-year-old daughter. 'Sasha had the awareness to realize what was happening behind them and felt comfortable enough to tell her father, even on that big stage.' On Wednesday, as the Obama's returned to the White House, Sasha was seen at the airport walking arm in arm with her father, carrying a 'I Heart Obama' tote bag, while her mother, Michelle, and older sister, Malia, lagged behind. President Obama's two daughters were introduced to the world's stage during his first presidential campaign. At the time Malia was only ten and Sasha, whose real name is Natasha, was only seven years old. Sasha is now in sixth grade at ...
- published: 09 Nov 2012
- views: 120411
- author: tvbodaga
Barack Obama Coaches Sasha's Basketball Team, Discusses Her 'Stubborn' Attempts to Shoot Three's
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 2:02
- Updated: 04 Feb 2013
President Obama explains weekly gig coaching daughter Sasha's basketball team. For more, click here: gma.yahoo.com
http://wn.com/Barack_Obama_Coaches_Sasha's_Basketball_Team,_Discusses_Her_'Stubborn'_Attempts_to_Shoot_Three's
President Obama explains weekly gig coaching daughter Sasha's basketball team. For more, click here: gma.yahoo.com
- published: 26 Mar 2012
- views: 28905
- author: ABCNews
Sasha Obama & Malia Obama: Their Life as a First Child
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:20
- Updated: 23 Jan 2013
The things the Obama children can look forward to and need to be careful of and a look at past First Children.
http://wn.com/Sasha_Obama_Malia_Obama_Their_Life_as_a_First_Child
The things the Obama children can look forward to and need to be careful of and a look at past First Children.
- published: 09 Nov 2008
- views: 44047
- author: GettingtotheTruth2
Sasha Obama to her father: "Behind you!" (2012 US Presidential Victory Speech)
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 7:00
- Updated: 22 Jan 2013
Barack Obama_s Victory Speech for Election 2012_ (Complete) "Barack Obama_s Victory Speech for Election 2012_ (Complete)" Sasha Obama Whispers in Her Dad's Ear 'BEHIND YOU' on Election Night "Sasha Obama Whispers in Her Dad's Ear 'BEHIND YOU' on Election Night" Sasha Obama to her father: "Behind you!" (2012 US Presidential Victory Speech) "Sasha Obama to her father: "Behind you!" (2012 US Presidential Victory Speech)" Sasha Obama to her father: "Behind you!" (Barack Obama 2012 US Presidential Victory Speech) Sasha Obama to her father: "Behind you!" (Barack Obama 2012 US Presidential Victory "Speech)"
http://wn.com/Sasha_Obama_to_her_father_Behind_you!_2012_US_Presidential_Victory_Speech
Barack Obama_s Victory Speech for Election 2012_ (Complete) "Barack Obama_s Victory Speech for Election 2012_ (Complete)" Sasha Obama Whispers in Her Dad's Ear 'BEHIND YOU' on Election Night "Sasha Obama Whispers in Her Dad's Ear 'BEHIND YOU' on Election Night" Sasha Obama to her father: "Behind you!" (2012 US Presidential Victory Speech) "Sasha Obama to her father: "Behind you!" (2012 US Presidential Victory Speech)" Sasha Obama to her father: "Behind you!" (Barack Obama 2012 US Presidential Victory Speech) Sasha Obama to her father: "Behind you!" (Barack Obama 2012 US Presidential Victory "Speech)"
- published: 07 Nov 2012
- views: 33439
- author: cinemaboxoffice
THE LATEST NEWS : Sasha Obama: 'Good job, Dad You didn't mess up
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:21
- Updated: 26 Jan 2013
Sasha Obama: 'Good job, Dad. You didn't mess up.' - YouTube ► 3:08► 3:08 www.youtube.com/watch?v=2TvTqIQ3qUc 15 horas atrás - Vídeo enviado por adalrich00 This time, President Obama Justice Roberts got the words right. The oath look 32 seconds inside the White House. Mais vídeos para Sasha Obama: 'Good job, Dad You didn ... » Sasha Obama: 'Good job, Dad. You didn't mess up.'; this time ... pt.reddit.com/.../sasha_obama_good_job_dad_y... - Traduzir esta página 14 horas atrás -- Welcome to r/Politics! Please note: US politics, news only and no meme images. For a place with stricter moderation and civil discussion, ... Sasha Obama to her Dad: 'you didn't mess up' | Inquirer News newsinfo.inquirer.net › ... › World - Traduzir esta página 1 dia atrás -- "Good job Dad," Sasha said, as her father gave her a hug after the ... "You didn't mess up," Sasha Obama said, in remarks picked up by a ... Sasha Obama ribs Dad after taking oath: "You didn't mess up" - Lynn ... blogs.suntimes.com/.../sasha_oba... - Estados Unidos - Traduzir esta página 1 dia atrás -- Sasha Obama ribs Dad after taking oath: "You didn't mess up" ... oath of office on Sunday, youngest daughter Sasha said"Good job dad." ... Sasha Obama tells dad that he 'didn't mess up' at swearing-in ... zeenews.india.com/.../sasha-obama-tells-dad-that... - Traduzir esta página 14 horas atrás -- Sasha Obama tells dad that he 'didn't mess up' at swearing-in ceremony ... after the swearing-in ceremony in the Blue Room of the ...
http://wn.com/THE_LATEST_NEWS_Sasha_Obama_'Good_job,_Dad_You_didn't_mess_up
Sasha Obama: 'Good job, Dad. You didn't mess up.' - YouTube ► 3:08► 3:08 www.youtube.com/watch?v=2TvTqIQ3qUc 15 horas atrás - Vídeo enviado por adalrich00 This time, President Obama Justice Roberts got the words right. The oath look 32 seconds inside the White House. Mais vídeos para Sasha Obama: 'Good job, Dad You didn ... » Sasha Obama: 'Good job, Dad. You didn't mess up.'; this time ... pt.reddit.com/.../sasha_obama_good_job_dad_y... - Traduzir esta página 14 horas atrás -- Welcome to r/Politics! Please note: US politics, news only and no meme images. For a place with stricter moderation and civil discussion, ... Sasha Obama to her Dad: 'you didn't mess up' | Inquirer News newsinfo.inquirer.net › ... › World - Traduzir esta página 1 dia atrás -- "Good job Dad," Sasha said, as her father gave her a hug after the ... "You didn't mess up," Sasha Obama said, in remarks picked up by a ... Sasha Obama ribs Dad after taking oath: "You didn't mess up" - Lynn ... blogs.suntimes.com/.../sasha_oba... - Estados Unidos - Traduzir esta página 1 dia atrás -- Sasha Obama ribs Dad after taking oath: "You didn't mess up" ... oath of office on Sunday, youngest daughter Sasha said"Good job dad." ... Sasha Obama tells dad that he 'didn't mess up' at swearing-in ... zeenews.india.com/.../sasha-obama-tells-dad-that... - Traduzir esta página 14 horas atrás -- Sasha Obama tells dad that he 'didn't mess up' at swearing-in ceremony ... after the swearing-in ceremony in the Blue Room of the ...
- published: 21 Jan 2013
- views: 1843
- author: WTLNews
Malia and Sasha, Round Two - Doug Wead
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 4:08
- Updated: 26 Jan 2013
As WDC prepares for the second Obama Inauguration, the CBS Morning Show with Anthony Mason and Rebecca Jarvis interview historian Doug Wead on life for the Obama children. What is life like for White House kids? Malia and Sasha Obama? January 19, 2013.
http://wn.com/Malia_and_Sasha,_Round_Two_Doug_Wead
As WDC prepares for the second Obama Inauguration, the CBS Morning Show with Anthony Mason and Rebecca Jarvis interview historian Doug Wead on life for the Obama children. What is life like for White House kids? Malia and Sasha Obama? January 19, 2013.
- published: 19 Jan 2013
- views: 1079
- author: Doug Wead
Sasha Obama Yawning During Dad's Inauguration Speech! - 1/21/13
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 0:27
- Updated: 26 Jan 2013
According to the Atlantic Wire, 11-year-old Sasha's mighty yawn was captured on camera Monday while President Obama was speaking about education policy. "No single person can train all the math and science teachers we'll need to equip our children for the future, or build the roads and networks and research labs that will bring new jobs and businesses to our shores. Now, more than ever, we must do these things together, as one nation, and one people," the president had said, before pausing for applause.
http://wn.com/Sasha_Obama_Yawning_During_Dad's_Inauguration_Speech!_1_21_13
According to the Atlantic Wire, 11-year-old Sasha's mighty yawn was captured on camera Monday while President Obama was speaking about education policy. "No single person can train all the math and science teachers we'll need to equip our children for the future, or build the roads and networks and research labs that will bring new jobs and businesses to our shores. Now, more than ever, we must do these things together, as one nation, and one people," the president had said, before pausing for applause.
- published: 22 Jan 2013
- views: 8958
- author: SavageNationLiberty
US President Barack Obama pardons Thanksgiving turkey
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 1:44
- Updated: 24 Jan 2013
Barack Obama carries out the annual presidential duty at the Whitehouse with his daughters Malia and Sasha
http://wn.com/US_President_Barack_Obama_pardons_Thanksgiving_turkey
Barack Obama carries out the annual presidential duty at the Whitehouse with his daughters Malia and Sasha
- published: 23 Nov 2011
- views: 72935
- author: telegraphtv
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Barack Obama Michelle Malia Sasha family full interview
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 10:54
- Updated: 07 Jan 2013
An interview with the entire Obama family. Barack Obama is not a Muslim.
http://wn.com/Barack_Obama_Michelle_Malia_Sasha_family_full_interview
An interview with the entire Obama family. Barack Obama is not a Muslim.
- published: 12 Jul 2008
- views: 402443
- author: Jamal Boone
Election Results 2012: President Barack Obama's Family Calls White House Home for Four More Years
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:45
- Updated: 12 Jan 2013
What's next for the president beginning second term in the White House?
http://wn.com/Election_Results_2012_President_Barack_Obama's_Family_Calls_White_House_Home_for_Four_More_Years
What's next for the president beginning second term in the White House?
- published: 07 Nov 2012
- views: 46039
- author: ABCNews
Barack Obama on Ellen: Balancing Family
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 4:37
- Updated: 13 Jan 2013
Obama 2012: Are you in? my.barackobama.com As a guest on The Ellen Degeneres Show, Barack answers a caller's question on how he maintains his family life while serving as a US Senator and running for President. He also talks of how he first met his wife Michelle.
http://wn.com/Barack_Obama_on_Ellen_Balancing_Family
Obama 2012: Are you in? my.barackobama.com As a guest on The Ellen Degeneres Show, Barack answers a caller's question on how he maintains his family life while serving as a US Senator and running for President. He also talks of how he first met his wife Michelle.
- published: 30 Oct 2007
- views: 1578501
- author: BarackObamadotcom
BARACK OBAMA FAMILY PICTURES
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 1:44
- Updated: 02 Jan 2013
Pictures of Barack Obama and both sides of his family including his half sister, mom, dad, grandparents and step parents.
http://wn.com/BARACK_OBAMA_FAMILY_PICTURES
Pictures of Barack Obama and both sides of his family including his half sister, mom, dad, grandparents and step parents.
- published: 09 Jan 2008
- views: 335688
- author: Moya Semaan
Mama Sarah Obama: Exclusive interview from WTHR-TV
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 4:53
- Updated: 01 Dec 2012
WTHR-TV in Indianapolis visited Barack Obama's 87-year-old grandmother at her home in Kenya to talk about her hopes for her grandson's future.
http://wn.com/Mama_Sarah_Obama_Exclusive_interview_from_WTHR-TV
WTHR-TV in Indianapolis visited Barack Obama's 87-year-old grandmother at her home in Kenya to talk about her hopes for her grandson's future.
- published: 11 Nov 2008
- views: 16727
- author: 13WTHR
Auma Obama On Strombo: Full Interview
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 9:35
- Updated: 31 Dec 2012
www.strombo.com Dr. Auma Obama is an activist in Kenya. She also happens to be related to the President of the United States - her half-brother is Barack Obama. George talks to her about reuniting with family and life in Kenya.
http://wn.com/Auma_Obama_On_Strombo_Full_Interview
www.strombo.com Dr. Auma Obama is an activist in Kenya. She also happens to be related to the President of the United States - her half-brother is Barack Obama. George talks to her about reuniting with family and life in Kenya.
- published: 17 Jan 2012
- views: 16662
- author: TheHour
Barbara Walters Special (Part 3) Michelle & Barack Obama Interview
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 5:50
- Updated: 23 Dec 2012
Barbara Walters special, Michelle & barack interview
http://wn.com/Barbara_Walters_Special_Part_3_Michelle_Barack_Obama_Interview
Barbara Walters special, Michelle & barack interview
- published: 28 Nov 2008
- views: 37170
- author: DrDoomFate
2012 Democratic National Convention Live Stream with Kal Penn Pre-Show
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 59:30
- Updated: 10 Jan 2013
Learn more: OFA.BO Kal Penn hosts the live coverage of the 2012 Democratic National Convention pre-show in Charlotte. Tune in for a special hour-long program leading up to the big speech, featuring exclusive interviews with Michelle Obama and Joe Biden.
http://wn.com/2012_Democratic_National_Convention_Live_Stream_with_Kal_Penn_Pre-Show
Learn more: OFA.BO Kal Penn hosts the live coverage of the 2012 Democratic National Convention pre-show in Charlotte. Tune in for a special hour-long program leading up to the big speech, featuring exclusive interviews with Michelle Obama and Joe Biden.
- published: 10 Sep 2012
- views: 8568
- author: BarackObamadotcom
President Obama Makes a Statement on Averting Tax Hikes for Middle Class Families
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 6:08
- Updated: 13 Jan 2013
The President tells the press that leaders in Congress may be able to reach an agreement that can pass both houses in time.
http://wn.com/President_Obama_Makes_a_Statement_on_Averting_Tax_Hikes_for_Middle_Class_Families
The President tells the press that leaders in Congress may be able to reach an agreement that can pass both houses in time.
- published: 28 Dec 2012
- views: 42358
- author: whitehouse
President Obama Honors Shooting Victims, Families: 'Our Hearts Are Broken Today'
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:54
- Updated: 12 Jan 2013
A gunman entered Sandy Hook Elementary School in Newtown, Conn., and opened fire, killing at least 27, among whom 20 were children. In a press conference at the White House, President Obama spoke emotionally of the nation's sorrow for the many victims of the deadly shooting and their families. Do you read or write a language other than English? Help the NewsHour translate Obama's address on the Newtown shooting: bit.ly
http://wn.com/President_Obama_Honors_Shooting_Victims,_Families_'Our_Hearts_Are_Broken_Today'
A gunman entered Sandy Hook Elementary School in Newtown, Conn., and opened fire, killing at least 27, among whom 20 were children. In a press conference at the White House, President Obama spoke emotionally of the nation's sorrow for the many victims of the deadly shooting and their families. Do you read or write a language other than English? Help the NewsHour translate Obama's address on the Newtown shooting: bit.ly
- published: 14 Dec 2012
- views: 483746
- author: PBSNewsHour
First Lady Michelle Obama Valentine's Day 2011 Interview
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 14:17
- Updated: 08 Jan 2013
Lady O talks about President Obama, Love, Romance, Family, Health, and so much more. She keeps it real, yet with so much grace and sophistication. Please enjoy and share this video link with others!
http://wn.com/First_Lady_Michelle_Obama_Valentine's_Day_2011_Interview
Lady O talks about President Obama, Love, Romance, Family, Health, and so much more. She keeps it real, yet with so much grace and sophistication. Please enjoy and share this video link with others!
- published: 13 Feb 2011
- views: 78794
- author: Mskekemichel
Gene Simmons Slams President Obama's Israel Policy.
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 2:43
- Updated: 19 Sep 2012
Born in Israel under the name Chaim Witz, Gene Simmons relocated to Brooklyn at the age of 9 with his mother, a Hungarian immigrant and the only member of her family to survive the Holocaust. Once in the States his name was changed to the more American-sounding Gene Klein, and he struggled to advance his understanding of English through watching television and reading comics. During his school years, he developed an interest in horror and science fiction, for a while even publishing his own comics fanzine; but the Beatles phenomenon inspired a stronger urge to become a musician, and in 1967 he secured a second hand guitar from his mother to realize his ambitions. Participation in a series of different bands followed, amongst which were The Missing Links and The Long Island Sounds. After high school Simmons enrolled in college and began working towards a degree in education, performing at night as a member of Bullfrog Bheer and later in the folk duo Coffee. A period was spent as a teacher in Spanish Harlem and then as a personal assistant for the editor of Vogue, but by this time he had met Paul Stanley and, after a series of unsuccessful attempts, the two founded Kiss in 1973. It was at this point that he adopted the name Gene Simmons. Rabbi Chaim Richman answers Obama's speech in Cairo 2009. youtu.be Rabbi Chaim Richman's Response to Obama's speech at the 2011 (AIPAC) youtu.be
http://wn.com/Gene_Simmons_Slams_President_Obama's_Israel_Policy
Born in Israel under the name Chaim Witz, Gene Simmons relocated to Brooklyn at the age of 9 with his mother, a Hungarian immigrant and the only member of her family to survive the Holocaust. Once in the States his name was changed to the more American-sounding Gene Klein, and he struggled to advance his understanding of English through watching television and reading comics. During his school years, he developed an interest in horror and science fiction, for a while even publishing his own comics fanzine; but the Beatles phenomenon inspired a stronger urge to become a musician, and in 1967 he secured a second hand guitar from his mother to realize his ambitions. Participation in a series of different bands followed, amongst which were The Missing Links and The Long Island Sounds. After high school Simmons enrolled in college and began working towards a degree in education, performing at night as a member of Bullfrog Bheer and later in the folk duo Coffee. A period was spent as a teacher in Spanish Harlem and then as a personal assistant for the editor of Vogue, but by this time he had met Paul Stanley and, after a series of unsuccessful attempts, the two founded Kiss in 1973. It was at this point that he adopted the name Gene Simmons. Rabbi Chaim Richman answers Obama's speech in Cairo 2009. youtu.be Rabbi Chaim Richman's Response to Obama's speech at the 2011 (AIPAC) youtu.be
- published: 22 May 2011
- views: 285071
- author: RADIOFLYER47
Kansas Family of Obama Speak Out!
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 4:04
- Updated: 11 Oct 2012
A cousin of Barack Obama in Kansas.
http://wn.com/Kansas_Family_of_Obama_Speak_Out!
Barack Obama on Ellen
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 1:25
- Updated: 13 Jan 2013
Obama 2012: Are you in? my.barackobama.com As a guest on The Ellen Degeneres Show, Barack shows off his dancing skills.
http://wn.com/Barack_Obama_on_Ellen
Obama 2012: Are you in? my.barackobama.com As a guest on The Ellen Degeneres Show, Barack shows off his dancing skills.
- published: 30 Oct 2007
- views: 12664876
- author: BarackObamadotcom
One Direction's Niall Horan on Hanging Out With Malia and Sasha Obama - 'The Ralphie Radio Show'
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 1:28
- Updated: 07 Jan 2013
Follow on Ralphie on Twitter: twitter.com One Direction's Niall Horan revealed that both Malia and Sasha Obama were at a recent 1D show in Fairfax, VA. The boy band chatted with the daughters of President Obama before the concert.
http://wn.com/One_Direction's_Niall_Horan_on_Hanging_Out_With_Malia_and_Sasha_Obama_'The_Ralphie_Radio_Show'
Follow on Ralphie on Twitter: twitter.com One Direction's Niall Horan revealed that both Malia and Sasha Obama were at a recent 1D show in Fairfax, VA. The boy band chatted with the daughters of President Obama before the concert.
- published: 30 May 2012
- views: 19254
- author: Ralphie Aversa
President Barack Obama's Love song to Michelle By: Lawrence Miles
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 2:44
- Updated: 08 Jan 2013
I would like to perform this for my President when he gets re-elected! President Barack and Michelle Obama Song By: Lawrence Miles twitter@LawrenceSings Facebook.com/lawrnecemiles
http://wn.com/President_Barack_Obama's_Love_song_to_Michelle_By_Lawrence_Miles
I would like to perform this for my President when he gets re-elected! President Barack and Michelle Obama Song By: Lawrence Miles twitter@LawrenceSings Facebook.com/lawrnecemiles
- published: 26 Jan 2012
- views: 36840
- author: Lawrence Miles
Obama's Home Teleprompter Malfunctions During Family Dinner
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 2:39
- Updated: 12 Jan 2013
Officials say the President's home teleprompter is simply a tool to make sure pillow talk with Michelle or conversations with his Mother-In-Law go smoothly.
http://wn.com/Obama's_Home_Teleprompter_Malfunctions_During_Family_Dinner
Officials say the President's home teleprompter is simply a tool to make sure pillow talk with Michelle or conversations with his Mother-In-Law go smoothly.
- published: 17 Nov 2009
- views: 465306
- author: TheOnion
Will Smith and Jada Pinkett Smith - Interview with Barack Obama
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 4:52
- Updated: 12 Jan 2013
Will Smith and Jada Pinkett Smith Interview with Barack Obama Barack Obama winner of the Nobel Peace Prize 2009 in Oslo, Norway!
http://wn.com/Will_Smith_and_Jada_Pinkett_Smith_Interview_with_Barack_Obama
Will Smith and Jada Pinkett Smith Interview with Barack Obama Barack Obama winner of the Nobel Peace Prize 2009 in Oslo, Norway!
- published: 11 Dec 2009
- views: 391170
- author: AM937
Barack Obama's victory speech (Part 1)
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 16:05
- Updated: 14 Jan 2013
Barack Obama has won the US presidential election, defeating his Republican challenger Mitt Romney. During his victory speech in Chicago, Obama said that "the task of perfecting our union moves forward." "We are an American family and we rise or fall together as one nation," he said. We know in our hearts that for the United States of America the best is yet to come."
http://wn.com/Barack_Obama's_victory_speech_Part_1
Barack Obama has won the US presidential election, defeating his Republican challenger Mitt Romney. During his victory speech in Chicago, Obama said that "the task of perfecting our union moves forward." "We are an American family and we rise or fall together as one nation," he said. We know in our hearts that for the United States of America the best is yet to come."
- published: 07 Nov 2012
- views: 230284
- author: AlJazeeraEnglish
Obama Admits He Is A Muslim
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 9:57
- Updated: 15 Jan 2013
Obama admits that he is a Muslim. Obama bowing before a Muslim king. Obama talking about his Muslim family. Obama quoting from the Koran. Obama defending Islam. Obama visiting a Mosque. And many more clips of Obama and his Muslim connections. Legal Disclaimer: The writers, producers, and editors of this video are not claiming or implying that Barack Hussein Obama is a Muslim, or that Obama said he was a Muslim, rather they are only examining the evidence surrounding the rumor that Barack Hussein Obama might be a secret Muslim.
http://wn.com/Obama_Admits_He_Is_A_Muslim
Obama admits that he is a Muslim. Obama bowing before a Muslim king. Obama talking about his Muslim family. Obama quoting from the Koran. Obama defending Islam. Obama visiting a Mosque. And many more clips of Obama and his Muslim connections. Legal Disclaimer: The writers, producers, and editors of this video are not claiming or implying that Barack Hussein Obama is a Muslim, or that Obama said he was a Muslim, rather they are only examining the evidence surrounding the rumor that Barack Hussein Obama might be a secret Muslim.
- published: 07 Aug 2009
- views: 9415639
- author: FeelTheChangeMedia
President Barack Obama MoneyGall Ireland meets his cousin
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 6:39
- Updated: 13 Jan 2013
www.facebook.com US President Barack Obama has been given a hero's welcome by thousands as he stepped foot in his ancestral home in Ireland. Around 3000 people lined the streets of Moneygall to welcome the American leader, whose great-great-great grandfather was raised there. Falmouth Kearney, a shoemaker, was born in the village in Co Offaly in 1831 before emigrating to America in 1850. During the brief visit, Mr Obama visited the Kearney ancestral home and met the current family who live there. They were also due to visit Ollie Hayes' pub to meet extended family members including representatives of the Healy, Donovan and Benn families. www.facebook.com
http://wn.com/President_Barack_Obama_MoneyGall_Ireland_meets_his_cousin
www.facebook.com US President Barack Obama has been given a hero's welcome by thousands as he stepped foot in his ancestral home in Ireland. Around 3000 people lined the streets of Moneygall to welcome the American leader, whose great-great-great grandfather was raised there. Falmouth Kearney, a shoemaker, was born in the village in Co Offaly in 1831 before emigrating to America in 1850. During the brief visit, Mr Obama visited the Kearney ancestral home and met the current family who live there. They were also due to visit Ollie Hayes' pub to meet extended family members including representatives of the Healy, Donovan and Benn families. www.facebook.com
- published: 23 May 2011
- views: 16901
- author: nsotd2
Michelle Obama on Larry King Live
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 21:15
- Updated: 14 Jan 2013
Obama 2012: Are you in? my.barackobama.com Larry King carries an extended interview with Michelle Obama, covering a wide range of topics concerning the campaign, her family, and more.
http://wn.com/Michelle_Obama_on_Larry_King_Live
Obama 2012: Are you in? my.barackobama.com Larry King carries an extended interview with Michelle Obama, covering a wide range of topics concerning the campaign, her family, and more.
- published: 12 Feb 2008
- views: 700798
- author: BarackObamadotcom
Obama's Complete Victory Speech: Obama Wins the 2012 Election
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 23:22
- Updated: 15 Jan 2013
Obama's 2012 Presidential Acceptance Speech.
http://wn.com/Obama's_Complete_Victory_Speech_Obama_Wins_the_2012_Election
Obama's 2012 Presidential Acceptance Speech.
- published: 07 Nov 2012
- views: 9546045
- author: TheNewYorkTimes
10:54
Barack Obama Michelle Malia Sasha family full interview
An interview with the entire Obama family. Barack Obama is not a Muslim....
published: 12 Jul 2008
author: Jamal Boone
Barack Obama Michelle Malia Sasha family full interview
An interview with the entire Obama family. Barack Obama is not a Muslim.
- published: 12 Jul 2008
- views: 402443
- author: Jamal Boone
3:45
Election Results 2012: President Barack Obama's Family Calls White House Home for Four More Years
What's next for the president beginning second term in the White House?...
published: 07 Nov 2012
author: ABCNews
Election Results 2012: President Barack Obama's Family Calls White House Home for Four More Years
What's next for the president beginning second term in the White House?
- published: 07 Nov 2012
- views: 46039
- author: ABCNews
4:37
Barack Obama on Ellen: Balancing Family
Obama 2012: Are you in? my.barackobama.com As a guest on The Ellen Degeneres Show, Barack ...
published: 30 Oct 2007
author: BarackObamadotcom
Barack Obama on Ellen: Balancing Family
Obama 2012: Are you in? my.barackobama.com As a guest on The Ellen Degeneres Show, Barack answers a caller's question on how he maintains his family life while serving as a US Senator and running for President. He also talks of how he first met his wife Michelle.
- published: 30 Oct 2007
- views: 1578501
- author: BarackObamadotcom
1:44
BARACK OBAMA FAMILY PICTURES
Pictures of Barack Obama and both sides of his family including his half sister, mom, dad,...
published: 09 Jan 2008
author: Moya Semaan
BARACK OBAMA FAMILY PICTURES
Pictures of Barack Obama and both sides of his family including his half sister, mom, dad, grandparents and step parents.
- published: 09 Jan 2008
- views: 335688
- author: Moya Semaan
4:53
Mama Sarah Obama: Exclusive interview from WTHR-TV
WTHR-TV in Indianapolis visited Barack Obama's 87-year-old grandmother at her home in Keny...
published: 11 Nov 2008
author: 13WTHR
Mama Sarah Obama: Exclusive interview from WTHR-TV
WTHR-TV in Indianapolis visited Barack Obama's 87-year-old grandmother at her home in Kenya to talk about her hopes for her grandson's future.
- published: 11 Nov 2008
- views: 16727
- author: 13WTHR
9:35
Auma Obama On Strombo: Full Interview
www.strombo.com Dr. Auma Obama is an activist in Kenya. She also happens to be related to ...
published: 17 Jan 2012
author: TheHour
Auma Obama On Strombo: Full Interview
www.strombo.com Dr. Auma Obama is an activist in Kenya. She also happens to be related to the President of the United States - her half-brother is Barack Obama. George talks to her about reuniting with family and life in Kenya.
- published: 17 Jan 2012
- views: 16662
- author: TheHour
5:50
Barbara Walters Special (Part 3) Michelle & Barack Obama Interview
Barbara Walters special, Michelle & barack interview...
published: 28 Nov 2008
author: DrDoomFate
Barbara Walters Special (Part 3) Michelle & Barack Obama Interview
Barbara Walters special, Michelle & barack interview
- published: 28 Nov 2008
- views: 37170
- author: DrDoomFate
59:30
2012 Democratic National Convention Live Stream with Kal Penn Pre-Show
Learn more: OFA.BO Kal Penn hosts the live coverage of the 2012 Democratic National Conven...
published: 10 Sep 2012
author: BarackObamadotcom
2012 Democratic National Convention Live Stream with Kal Penn Pre-Show
Learn more: OFA.BO Kal Penn hosts the live coverage of the 2012 Democratic National Convention pre-show in Charlotte. Tune in for a special hour-long program leading up to the big speech, featuring exclusive interviews with Michelle Obama and Joe Biden.
- published: 10 Sep 2012
- views: 8568
- author: BarackObamadotcom
6:08
President Obama Makes a Statement on Averting Tax Hikes for Middle Class Families
The President tells the press that leaders in Congress may be able to reach an agreement t...
published: 28 Dec 2012
author: whitehouse
President Obama Makes a Statement on Averting Tax Hikes for Middle Class Families
The President tells the press that leaders in Congress may be able to reach an agreement that can pass both houses in time.
- published: 28 Dec 2012
- views: 42358
- author: whitehouse
3:54
President Obama Honors Shooting Victims, Families: 'Our Hearts Are Broken Today'
A gunman entered Sandy Hook Elementary School in Newtown, Conn., and opened fire, killing ...
published: 14 Dec 2012
author: PBSNewsHour
President Obama Honors Shooting Victims, Families: 'Our Hearts Are Broken Today'
A gunman entered Sandy Hook Elementary School in Newtown, Conn., and opened fire, killing at least 27, among whom 20 were children. In a press conference at the White House, President Obama spoke emotionally of the nation's sorrow for the many victims of the deadly shooting and their families. Do you read or write a language other than English? Help the NewsHour translate Obama's address on the Newtown shooting: bit.ly
- published: 14 Dec 2012
- views: 483746
- author: PBSNewsHour
14:17
First Lady Michelle Obama Valentine's Day 2011 Interview
Lady O talks about President Obama, Love, Romance, Family, Health, and so much more. She k...
published: 13 Feb 2011
author: Mskekemichel
First Lady Michelle Obama Valentine's Day 2011 Interview
Lady O talks about President Obama, Love, Romance, Family, Health, and so much more. She keeps it real, yet with so much grace and sophistication. Please enjoy and share this video link with others!
- published: 13 Feb 2011
- views: 78794
- author: Mskekemichel
2:43
Gene Simmons Slams President Obama's Israel Policy.
Born in Israel under the name Chaim Witz, Gene Simmons relocated to Brooklyn at the age of...
published: 22 May 2011
author: RADIOFLYER47
Gene Simmons Slams President Obama's Israel Policy.
Born in Israel under the name Chaim Witz, Gene Simmons relocated to Brooklyn at the age of 9 with his mother, a Hungarian immigrant and the only member of her family to survive the Holocaust. Once in the States his name was changed to the more American-sounding Gene Klein, and he struggled to advance his understanding of English through watching television and reading comics. During his school years, he developed an interest in horror and science fiction, for a while even publishing his own comics fanzine; but the Beatles phenomenon inspired a stronger urge to become a musician, and in 1967 he secured a second hand guitar from his mother to realize his ambitions. Participation in a series of different bands followed, amongst which were The Missing Links and The Long Island Sounds. After high school Simmons enrolled in college and began working towards a degree in education, performing at night as a member of Bullfrog Bheer and later in the folk duo Coffee. A period was spent as a teacher in Spanish Harlem and then as a personal assistant for the editor of Vogue, but by this time he had met Paul Stanley and, after a series of unsuccessful attempts, the two founded Kiss in 1973. It was at this point that he adopted the name Gene Simmons. Rabbi Chaim Richman answers Obama's speech in Cairo 2009. youtu.be Rabbi Chaim Richman's Response to Obama's speech at the 2011 (AIPAC) youtu.be
- published: 22 May 2011
- views: 285071
- author: RADIOFLYER47
1:25
Barack Obama on Ellen
Obama 2012: Are you in? my.barackobama.com As a guest on The Ellen Degeneres Show, Barack ...
published: 30 Oct 2007
author: BarackObamadotcom
Barack Obama on Ellen
Obama 2012: Are you in? my.barackobama.com As a guest on The Ellen Degeneres Show, Barack shows off his dancing skills.
- published: 30 Oct 2007
- views: 12664876
- author: BarackObamadotcom
Vimeo results:
0:15
Theygotmyback.com
http://www.theygotmyback.com
SUPPORT YOUR HEROES, WATCH HIS/HER BACK
Once in a lifetime o...
published: 18 Aug 2011
author: Theygotmyback dotcom
Theygotmyback.com
http://www.theygotmyback.com
SUPPORT YOUR HEROES, WATCH HIS/HER BACK
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heroes, and become a part of T-shirt history.
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2:44
The Week in Rap - Obama's Inauguration
www.theweekinrap.com www.flocabulary.com...
published: 23 Jan 2009
author: Flocabulary
The Week in Rap - Obama's Inauguration
www.theweekinrap.com www.flocabulary.com
0:05
The 2012 Obama Biden Bumper
Used throughout the Obama Biden Campaign during 2012, this bumper was featured on nearly a...
published: 13 Jan 2013
author: Sasha Fornari
The 2012 Obama Biden Bumper
Used throughout the Obama Biden Campaign during 2012, this bumper was featured on nearly all of the campaign's web videos, as well as in the Davis Guggenheim directed short film "The Road We've Traveled."
Directed by Stephen Muller (Video Team Lead), Josh Higgins (Design Director), and animated by myself, we developed this bumper as an update to the amazing 2008 bumper vimeo.com/2559821 created by the fine folks at dk. Using the logo created by the OFA Design Team, we wanted the 2012 bumper to be a bright, fresh, and fast animation that kept the rising sun theme intact and delivered people to an end screen with urls and other click-through options quickly.
It was a great experience and honor to work on this, and to have it shown on so much of the content that helped to re-elect President Obama.
Some scene photos are here: cargocollective.com/sashafornari/Obama-Biden-Bumper-2012
Youtube results:
1:28
One Direction's Niall Horan on Hanging Out With Malia and Sasha Obama - 'The Ralphie Radio Show'
Follow on Ralphie on Twitter: twitter.com One Direction's Niall Horan revealed that both M...
published: 30 May 2012
author: Ralphie Aversa
One Direction's Niall Horan on Hanging Out With Malia and Sasha Obama - 'The Ralphie Radio Show'
Follow on Ralphie on Twitter: twitter.com One Direction's Niall Horan revealed that both Malia and Sasha Obama were at a recent 1D show in Fairfax, VA. The boy band chatted with the daughters of President Obama before the concert.
- published: 30 May 2012
- views: 19254
- author: Ralphie Aversa
2:44
President Barack Obama's Love song to Michelle By: Lawrence Miles
I would like to perform this for my President when he gets re-elected! President Barack an...
published: 26 Jan 2012
author: Lawrence Miles
President Barack Obama's Love song to Michelle By: Lawrence Miles
I would like to perform this for my President when he gets re-elected! President Barack and Michelle Obama Song By: Lawrence Miles twitter@LawrenceSings Facebook.com/lawrnecemiles
- published: 26 Jan 2012
- views: 36840
- author: Lawrence Miles
2:39
Obama's Home Teleprompter Malfunctions During Family Dinner
Officials say the President's home teleprompter is simply a tool to make sure pillow talk ...
published: 17 Nov 2009
author: TheOnion
Obama's Home Teleprompter Malfunctions During Family Dinner
Officials say the President's home teleprompter is simply a tool to make sure pillow talk with Michelle or conversations with his Mother-In-Law go smoothly.
- published: 17 Nov 2009
- views: 465306
- author: TheOnion
4:52
Will Smith and Jada Pinkett Smith - Interview with Barack Obama
Will Smith and Jada Pinkett Smith Interview with Barack Obama Barack Obama winner of the N...
published: 11 Dec 2009
author: AM937
Will Smith and Jada Pinkett Smith - Interview with Barack Obama
Will Smith and Jada Pinkett Smith Interview with Barack Obama Barack Obama winner of the Nobel Peace Prize 2009 in Oslo, Norway!
- published: 11 Dec 2009
- views: 391170
- author: AM937
photo: US Army / Chief Warrant Officer 4 Daniel McClinton
06 Feb 2013
Article by WN.com Correspondent Dallas Darling. "The art of war is a matter of life and death, a road either to safety or to ruin." Sun Tzu, "The Art of War," 4th Century BCE. During confirmation hearings for the next U.S. Defense Secretary, it was appalling to observe several senators haggling with Chuck Hagel over whether the surge during the disastrous U.S.-Iraqi preemptive war and military occupation was a success or not ... The U.S....(size: 6.2Kb)
photo: WN / Arturo Ubaub
06 Feb 2013
A powerful 8.0 magnitude earthquake struck near the Solomon Islands on Wednesday, triggering a small tsunami and prompting alerts across the South Pacific that were later cancelled. By News Wires (text). ... Damage reports were limited, and there were no reports of casualties. The quake struck 340 km (211 miles) east of Kira Kira in the Solomons, the Pacific Tsunami Warning Center in Hawaii said ... Hot spot ... (REUTERS). Date created ... ....(size: 8.1Kb)
photo: AP / Jerome Delay
06 Feb 2013
GAO, Mali. French-led forces have killed hundreds of Islamists in fighting to reclaim northern Mali and with the rebels' last bastion secured, France said Tuesday it will begin withdrawing its troops from March ... The defence ministry said the Islamists died in French air strikes on vehicles transporting fighters and equipment, and in "direct combat in Konna and Gao", key central and northern towns ... "The combat isn't over ... - AFP. ....(size: 4.8Kb)
photo: AP / Vahid Salemi
05 Feb 2013
Mahmoud Ahmadinejad has arrived in Cairo, marking the first visit to Egypt by an Iranian president since Iran's 1979 Islamic revolution. Ahmadinejad flew into the capital, Cairo, to attend a summit of the Organisation of Islamic Co-operation (OIC), which begins on Wednesday. Egyptian President Mohamed Morsi kissed the Iranian leader as he got off the plane on Tuesday ... "My wish is bigger than this ... Iran does not recognise Israel ... ....(size: 17.9Kb)
photo: AP / Rebecca Blackwell
06 Feb 2013
Nigeria and Ghana may meet in the Africa Cup of Nations final – but only if they can beat teams bidding for a first victory. Ghana fans, here at the Cup of Nations quarter-final against Cape Verde, hope their side can win the tournament for the first time since 1982. Photograph. Ian Walton/Getty Images. As the dust settles after the quarter-finals, the landscape looks strangely unfamiliar ... "But the thing they tend to get is respect ... ....(size: 8.2Kb)
IMDb
07 Feb 2013
IMDb
07 Feb 2013
... — I begin this American Idol recap with the bastardization of a famous lyric from the Artist Occasionally Known as Sasha Fierce.....(size: 0.7Kb)
LA Daily News
07 Feb 2013
Conquistadores get share of West Valley League title; Taft awaits in regular-season finale. By Jacob H. Pollon, Special to the Daily News. Posted. 02/06/2013 10.17.53 PM PST. Updated ... "They just didn't go down ... Freshman Kari Richardson scored nine points, Sasha Samuels scored eight points and former Granada Hills transfer Shaina Van Stryk added seven points....(size: 1.8Kb)
The Wichita Eagle
07 Feb 2013
Accounting. Michael Rowe Jr. and Cynthia Gorges have been named partners in the firm of Edward M. Plopa & Associates, CPAs. Audrey Richards and Blake Krier have joined the assurance department of Allen, Gibbs & Houlik as assurance interns.Agriculture ... Dana Williamson has joined Howard + Helmer Architecture as an intern architect.Banking ... Sasha Kuchinski has joined Intrust Bank as corporate communications representative ... M ... ....(size: 5.3Kb)
The Associated Press
07 Feb 2013
(AP) -- With a big to-do list at the start of his second term, President Barack Obama is trying to sell Democrats on his strategy for tackling immigration, gun control and a host of fiscal dilemmas. Obama met behind closed doors for more than two hours Wednesday with lawmakers from his own party at the Senate Democrats' annual retreat at a hotel in Annapolis, Md....(size: 3.3Kb)
Seattle Post
07 Feb 2013
(AP) — With a big to-do list at the start of his second term, President Barack Obama is trying to sell Democrats on his strategy for tackling immigration, gun control and a host of fiscal dilemmas. Obama met behind closed doors for more than two hours Wednesday with lawmakers from his own party at the Senate Democrats' annual retreat at a hotel in Annapolis, Md....(size: 3.2Kb)
The Times of India
07 Feb 2013
After a long and chilly four years, Barack Obama hopes to reset his relationship with Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu when he makes his first trip to Israel as president this spring. Obama won't be carrying any big new Mideast peace plans when he embarks on the trip, which will also include a stop in the Israeli-occupied Palestinian territories, officials say....(size: 5.5Kb)
NBC Washington
07 Feb 2013
Atlanta Mayor Kasim Reed remembers visiting President Barack Obama’s re-election headquarters in Chicago last year and noticing how young everyone was — not just the entry-level volunteers, but seasoned aides in their 20s and 30s who ran the meetings and made key decisions. ... As Obama embarks on his second term, he is looking for ways to make a lasting impact on American life....(size: 16.5Kb)
Lexington Herald-Leader
07 Feb 2013
WASHINGTON — After a long and chilly four years, Barack Obama hopes to reset his relationship with Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu when he makes his first trip to Israel as president this spring. Obama won't be carrying any big new Mideast peace plans when he embarks on the trip, which will also include a stop in the Israeli-occupied Palestinian territories, officials say....(size: 5.6Kb)
WPXI
07 Feb 2013
President Barack Obama is promoting his second-term agenda to House Democrats, eager to keep them unified as a bulwark against a Republican majority on issues as diverse as the economy, immigration and guns. Obama was meeting with Democratic lawmakers Thursday during their retreat in Lansdowne, Va., a day after he held a closed-door session with Senate Democrats at their off-campus conference in Annapolis, Md....(size: 3.4Kb)
Seattle Post
07 Feb 2013
WASHINGTON (AP) — President Barack Obama is promoting his second-term agenda to House Democrats, eager to keep them unified as a bulwark against a Republican majority on issues as diverse as the economy, immigration and guns. Obama was meeting with Democratic lawmakers Thursday during their retreat in Lansdowne, Va., a day after he held a closed-door session with Senate Democrats at their off-campus conference in Annapolis, Md....(size: 3.5Kb)
The Washington Post
07 Feb 2013
— With a big to-do list at the start of his second term, President Barack Obama is trying to sell Democrats on his strategy for tackling immigration, gun control and a host of fiscal dilemmas. Obama met behind closed doors for more than two hours Wednesday with lawmakers from his own party at the Senate Democrats’ annual retreat at a hotel in Annapolis, Md....(size: 5.4Kb)
Bloomberg
07 Feb 2013
President Barack Obama has long aspired to emulate Ronald Reagan in changing the trajectory of American politics. Halfway through his presidency, the evidence is that public opinion is bending Obama’s way ... House Republicans were forced to break with party orthodoxy and accept a tax increase on the wealthy, a plan pushed by Obama and backed by the public ... The economy under Obama has been good for investors....(size: 11.8Kb)
| Index: | A · B · C · D · E · F · G · H · I · J · K · L · M · N · O · P · Q · R · S · T · U · V · W · X · Y · Z · Relationship tree |
| The Obama family | |
|---|---|
 U.S. First Family (2011): Barack Obama, Sasha Obama, Michelle Obama, and Malia Obama. |
|
| Ethnicity | African American - Kenyan (Luo), English American |
| Current region | Washington, D.C., U.S. |
| Information | |
| Place of origin | various |
| Notable members | Barack Obama, Michelle Obama, Ann Dunham, Barack Obama, Sr.. |
| Connected families | Robinson, Dunham, Soetoro, Ng |
 |
This article is part of a series on Barack Obama |
|---|---|
|
|
The family of Barack Obama, the 44th President of the United States of America, is made up of people of African American, English, Kenyan (Luo), and Irish heritage,[1][2] who are known through Obama's writings and other reports.[3][4][5][6] His immediate family is the First Family of the United States. The Obamas are the first First Family of African descent.
Contents |
Immediate family[link]
- Michelle Obama, née Robinson, the wife of Barack Obama, was born on January 17, 1964 in Chicago, Illinois. She is a lawyer and was a University of Chicago Hospital vice-president. She is the First Lady of the United States.
- Malia Obama and Sasha Obama
- Barack and Michelle Obama have two daughters: Malia Ann /məˈliːə/, born on July 4, 1998,[7] and Natasha (known as Sasha /ˈsɑːʃə/), born on June 10, 2001.[8] They were both delivered by their parents' friend Dr. Anita Blanchard at University of Chicago Medical Center.[9] Sasha is the youngest child to reside in the White House since John F. Kennedy, Jr. arrived as an infant in 1961.[10]
- Before his inauguration, President Obama published an open letter to his daughters in Parade magazine, describing what he wants for them and every child in America: "to grow up in a world with no limits on your dreams and no achievements beyond your reach, and to grow into compassionate, committed women who will help build that world."[11]
- While living in Chicago, the Obamas kept busy schedules, as the Associated Press reports: "soccer, dance and drama for Malia, gymnastics and tap for Sasha, piano and tennis for both."[12][13] In July 2008, the family gave an interview to the television series Access Hollywood. Obama later said they regretted allowing the children to be included.[14]
- Malia and Sasha attend the private Sidwell Friends School in Washington, DC, the same school as attended by Chelsea Clinton, Tricia Nixon Cox, and Archibald Roosevelt, and currently the grandchildren of Vice President Joe Biden.[15] The Obama girls began classes there on January 5, 2009.[16] While in Chicago, both attended the private University of Chicago Laboratory School.
- In his victory speech on the night of his election, President Obama repeated his promise to Sasha and Malia to get a puppy to take with them to the White House.[17] The selection was slow because Malia is allergic to animal dander;[18] the president subsequently said that the choice had been narrowed down to either a labradoodle or Portuguese Water Dog, and they hoped to find a shelter animal.[19] On April 12, 2009, it was reported that the Obamas had adopted a six-month-old Portuguese Water Dog given to them as a gift from Senator Ted Kennedy;[20] the dog was named Bo by Malia and Sasha.[20]
- Marian Robinson
- Marian Robinson, Barack Obama's mother-in-law, is currently residing in the White House. She is part of the Robinson family (see below).
| Barack and Michelle Obama and family | ||||||||||
|
||||||||||
Maternal relations[link]
File:Ann Dunham with father and children (enhanced).jpg
Right-to-left: Barack Obama and Maya Soetoro with their mother Ann Dunham and grandfather Stanley Dunham in Hawaii (early 1970s)
 |
Wikinews has related news: |
Barack Obama was raised by his mother Stanley Ann Dunham and grandparents Madelyn and Stanley Armour Dunham.[21][22] He has often referred to his family during his candidacy and term as President.[23][24][25]
- Ann Dunham
- Mother of Barack Obama born in 1942, died in 1995. Born Stanley Ann Dunham, she was an American anthropologist who specialized in economic anthropology and rural development. She earned her PhD from the University of Hawaii and worked with the United States Agency for International Development, the Ford Foundation, and Women's World Banking, to promote the use of microcredit in order to combat global poverty.[21][26] The Ann Dunham Soetoro Endowment in the Anthropology Department at the University of Hawaiʻi at Mānoa and the Ann Dunham Soetoro Graduate Fellowships at the East–West Center (EWC) in Honolulu, Hawaii are named in her honor.[27] Obama refers to his mother as the dominant figure in his formative years. "The values she taught me continue to be my touchstone when it comes to how I go about the world of politics."[28]
- Stanley Armour Dunham
- Stanley Dunham is the grandfather of Barack Obama. He was born in 1918 and served as a sergeant in the U.S. Army during World War II, enlisting just after the attacks on Pearl Harbor. Stanley and his wife Madelyn raised Obama in Honolulu, Hawaii. In addition to Obama, Stanley is related to six US presidents: James Madison, Harry Truman, Lyndon Johnson, Jimmy Carter, George H. W. Bush, and George W. Bush.[29][30] He died in Honolulu, Hawaii, in 1992, and is buried at the Punchbowl National Cemetery.
- Ralph Dunham
- Great-uncle of Barack Obama, older brother of Stanley Dunham, born 1916. He served in the U.S. Army as an assignment and personnel officer during World War II, landing at Normandy's Omaha Easy Red Beach on D-Day plus four, working his way through France, Italy and Germany.[31][32]
- Madelyn Lee Payne Dunham
- Barack Obama's maternal grandmother was born in 1922 and died on November 2, 2008.[33] She was a bank vice president in Hawaii. Obama said that when he was a child, his grandmother "read me the opening lines of the Declaration of Independence and told me about the men and women who marched for equality because they believed those words put to paper two centuries ago should mean something."[11] According to Barack Obama's Dreams from My Father,[34] his great-grandmother Leona McCurry was part Native American, which Obama believed Leona held as a "source of considerable shame" and "blanched whenever someone mentioned the subject and hoped to carry the secret to her grave"; whereas McCurry's daughter (Obama's maternal grandmother) "would turn her head in profile to show off her beaked nose, which along with a pair of jet-black eyes, was offered as proof of Cherokee blood."[35] To date, no concrete evidence has surfaced of Cherokee heritage. Obama's maternal heritage consists mostly of English ancestry, with much smaller amounts of German, Irish, Scottish, Welsh, Swiss, and French ancestry.[3]
- Jonathan Singletary Dunham
- Born in Massachusetts Bay Colony in 1640, Barack Obama's 8-greats-grandfather was his earliest ancestor born in North America.
- Charles Thomas Payne
- Great-uncle of Barack Obama, younger brother of Madelyn Dunham, born 1925. Served during World War II in the U.S. Army 89th Infantry Division.[36] Obama has often described Payne's role in liberating Ohrdruf forced labor camp.[37] There was brief media attention when Obama mistakenly identified the camp as Auschwitz during the campaign.[38] In 2009, Payne spoke about this experiences:
Payne appeared in the visitor's gallery at the Democratic National Convention in Denver, Colorado, when his great-nephew was nominated for President.[40] He was the assistant director of the University of Chicago's Library.[37]Ohrdruf was in that string of towns going across, south of Gotha and Erfurt. Our division was the first one in there. When we arrived there were no German soldiers anywhere around that I knew about. There was no fighting against the Germans, no camp guards. The whole area was overrun by people from the camp dressed in the most pitiful rags, and most of them were in a bad state of starvation.[39]
- Maya Soetoro-Ng
- Half-sister of Barack Obama, born August 15, 1970, in Jakarta, Indonesia.[41] She has another half-brother, Yusuf, and a half-sister, Aya, from her father's second marriage. She is married to Konrad Ng, with whom she has two daughters, Suhaila and Savita. Maya Soetoro-Ng is a teacher in Hawaii.[42]
- Konrad Ng
- Brother-in-law of Barack Obama, born 1974. He is of Malaysian Chinese descent,[43] and his parents are from Kudat and Sandakan, two small towns in Sabah, Malaysia. Ng and his younger brother, Perry, were born and raised in Burlington, Ontario.[44] Perry Ng works for the University of Ottawa.[43] He married Maya Soetoro-Ng at the end of 2003 in Hawaii.[45] They have two daughters, Suhaila[46][47][48] and Savita.[42] Konrad Ng currently is a US citizen.[49] He is an assistant professor at the University of Hawaii's Academy of Creative Media.[50] He studied philosophy at McGill University and cultural studies at the University of Victoria before he got his PhD from University of Hawaii at Manoa.[51][52]
- Lolo Soetoro
- The second husband of Ann Dunham and stepfather to Barack Obama, born in Indonesia 1936, died 1987. He is the father of Maya Soetoro-Ng. After his divorce from Dunham, Soetoro married Erna Kustina. She bore him two children, Yusuf Aji Soetoro (b. 1981) and Rahayu Nurmaida Soetoro (b. 1984).[53]
- Robert Wolfley
- Barack Obama's great-great-great-grandfather. He served as a private in Company A, 145th Ohio Infantry during the American Civil War. He is buried in the Olathe Memorial Cemetery in Olathe, Kansas.[54]
Paternal relations[link]
The Obamas are members of the Luo, Kenya's third-largest ethnic group, which is part of a larger family of ethnic groups, collectively also known as Luo. Linguistically, the Luo language belongs to the Eastern Sudanic branch of the Nilo-Saharan phylum. The Obama family is largely concentrated in the western province of Nyanza.
File:Barack Obama's Kenyan relatives.jpg
Front row (left to right): Auma Obama (Barack's half-sister), Kezia Obama (Barack's stepmother), Sarah Hussein Onyango Obama (third wife of Barack's paternal grandfather), Zeituni Onyango (Barack's aunt)
Back row (left to right): Sayid Obama (Barack's uncle), Barack Obama, Abongo [Roy] Obama (Barack's half-brother), unidentified woman, Bernard Obama (Barack's half-brother), Abo Obama (Barack's half-brother).
Back row (left to right): Sayid Obama (Barack's uncle), Barack Obama, Abongo [Roy] Obama (Barack's half-brother), unidentified woman, Bernard Obama (Barack's half-brother), Abo Obama (Barack's half-brother).
- Barack Obama, Sr.
- Barack Obama's father (1936–1982). Government economist in Kenya. In addition to President Obama, Barack Obama Sr. fathered one daughter and at least four sons.[55]
- Sarah Obama (aunt of Barack Obama)
- Aunt of U.S. President Barack Obama and elder sister of his father, born 1933 to Hussein Onyango and Habiba Akumu Obama.[56] (She should not be confused with her stepmother Sarah Onyango Obama, also often called just Sarah Obama, the third wife of Onyango.)
- Hawa Auma Hussein (aunt of Barack Obama)
- Aunt of U.S. President Barack Obama and younger sister of his father, born to Hussein Onyango and Habiba Akumu Obama.[56] She is the sole surviving full sibling of Barack Obama, Sr.[57]
- Hussein Onyango Obama
- Barack Obama's paternal grandfather (c. 1895–1979).[58] (One source gives 1870–1975 as his dates of birth and death, possibly based on his tombstone in his home village.,[59] In 1988 Barack Obama found a British document based on a 1928 ordinance recording his grandfather as 35 years old. The date of the document must have been around 1930, which means that his grandfather had indeed been born around 1895.[60]) Onyango was the fifth son of his mother, Nyaoke, who was the first of the five wives of his father, Obama.[61] Barack Obama relates how his step-grandmother Granny Sarah (Sarah Onyango Obama) describes his grandfather: "Even from the time that he was a boy, your grandfather Onyango was strange. It is said of him that he had ants up his anus, because he could not sit still."[62] As a young man, he learned to speak, read and write in English.[63]
- Onyango worked as a mission cook and as a local herbalist.[62] He joined the King's African Rifles[64] during World War I.
- In 1949, Onyango spent at least 6 months in Kamiti Prison. He was probably tried in a magistrates' court on charges of political sedition or membership of a banned organisation, but the records do not survive, because all such documentation was routinely destroyed in British colonies after six years. He was tortured to extract information about the growing insurgency.[65] In his memoir, President Obama described his grandfather's shocking physical state: "When he returned to Alego he was very thin and dirty. He had difficulty walking, and his head was full of lice." For some time, he was too traumatized to speak about his experiences. His wife told his grandson: "From that day on, I saw that he was now an old man."[63] Onyango was permanently scarred, remaining in pain and requiring assistance moving until his death. Although previously working very closely with British colonists, his torture left Onyango bitterly anti-British. During a Sky News interview in 2009, Barack Obama was asked if this negatively affected his view of the British personally and he replied that it did not. "I love the Brits and I think I have shown that affection every time I have visited there. The notion that I would somehow judge countries based on what happened 100 years ago would not make much sense."[66]
- Onyango is sometimes referred to as Mzee Hussein Onyango Obama. The word mzee is a Kenyan honorific meaning "old man" or "elder".
- According to his third wife, Sarah, he originally converted to Catholicism, but took the name Hussein when he later converted to Islam; she said he passed the name, not the religion, on to his children.[67] Luos are given names related to the circumstances of their birth, and Onyango means born in the early morning.[68]
- Habiba Akumu Obama
- Also known as Akumu Nyanjoga (c. 1918–2006).[69][70][71][72] Barack Obama's paternal grandmother, and the second wife of Hussein Onyango Obama. She gave Onyango three children: daughters Sarah and Auma, and son Barack (Barack Obama's father).[73] Her father was named Njango and she was born and raised in the Western Kenyan village of Karabondi.[72][74] In his memoir Dreams from My Father, her grandson wrote that she was miserable in her marriage and abandoned her husband and children and subsequently married again and moved to present-day Tanzania. Luos are given names related to the circumstances of their birth and Akumu means mysterious birth, a conception after a birth, but before resumption of menses.[68] She took the name Habiba upon her conversion to Islam. A photograph of her holding her son, Barack Sr, on her lap is on the cover of her grandson's memoir. (See image at right margin.)[75]
- Sarah Onyango Obama
- Third wife of Obama's paternal grandfather, born 1922.[59] She is known for short as Sarah Obama and is sometimes referred to as Sarah Ogwel, Sarah Hussein Obama or Sarah Anyango Obama.[76] She lives in Nyang’oma Kogelo village, 30 miles west of western Kenya's main town, Kisumu, on the edge of Lake Victoria.[77][78] (She should not be confused with her stepdaughter of the same name, Sarah Obama, a daughter of Onyango's second wife, Akumu.)[79]
- Although she is not a blood relation, Barack Obama calls her "Granny Sarah".[76][80] Sarah, who speaks Luo and only a few words of English, communicates with President Obama through an interpreter.
- On July 4, 2008, she attended the United States Independence Day celebrations in Nairobi, hosted by Michael Ranneberger, the US ambassador in Kenya.[81]
- During the campaign she protested attempts to portray Obama as a foreigner to the United States or a Muslim, saying that while Obama's grandfather had been a Muslim, "In the world of today, children have different religions from their parents."[67] Sarah Obama herself is "a strong believer of the Islamic faith,” in her words.[82]
- Kezia Obama
- (Also known as Kezia Aoko[83] and as "Grace"[84][85]). Born c. 1940, she is Barack Obama Sr.'s first wife, whom he married in Kenya before studying abroad in the United States. She currently lives in Bracknell, Berkshire, England.[86][87] On March 22, 2009, Kezia made a guest appearance on the British television show Chris Moyles' Quiz Night.[88] Her sister, Jane, is the 'Auntie Jane' mentioned at the very start of Dreams from My Father when she telephoned Obama to inform him that his father had been killed in a car accident.[89]
- Malik Obama
- Barack Obama's half-brother, also known as Abongo or Roy, born c. March 1958,[86] son of Barack Obama, Sr. with his first wife, Kezia.[90] Malik Obama was born and raised in Nairobi, Kenya.[91] He earned a degree in accounting from the University of Nairobi.[92] He met his half-brother for the first time in 1985[91] when Barack flew from Chicago to Washington, D.C., to visit him.[93] Malik and his half-brother Barack were best men at each other's weddings.[91] Barack Obama brought his wife Michelle to Kenya three years later, and they met with Malik again while Barack was introducing Michelle to many other new relatives.[94]
- Although much of the Obama family has dispersed throughout Kenya and overseas, most, including Malik Obama, still considered their rural village on the shores of Lake Victoria to be their true home, and feel that those who have left the village have become culturally "lost".[95] A frequent visitor to the United States,[94] and consultant in Washington, D.C. for several months per year,[91] he nevertheless settled in the Obamas' ancestral home, Nyang’oma Kogelo, a village of several hundred people that he prefers to the city for its slow pace.[91] He runs a small electronics shop a half hour drive outside of town.[91]
- During his brother's presidential campaign, Malik Obama was a spokesman for the extended Obama family in Kenya, dealing with safety and privacy concerns arising from increased attention from the press.[96]
- Auma Obama
- Barack Obama's half-sister, born c. 1960.[97] As of July 2008, development worker in Kenya.[98] She studied German at the University of Heidelberg from 1981 to 1987. After her graduation in Heidelberg she went on for graduate studies at the University of Bayreuth, which awarded her a PhD in 1996. Her dissertation was about the conception of labor in Germany and its literary reflections.[98] Auma Obama has lived in London, and in 1996 married an Englishman, Ian Manners, although they have since divorced.[99] They have a daughter named Akinyi (b. 1997).[98][100] In 2011 Auma Obama was interviewed for Turk Pipkin's documentary Building Hope.
- Abo Obama
- Barack Obama's alleged half-brother also known as Samson Obama,[101] born 1968. In Dreams from My Father, it is stated that the Obama family doubt Abo and Bernard are the biological sons of Barack Obama, Sr. Abo is a mobile phone shop manager in Kenya.[102] He was barred from entering the United Kingdom after receiving a police caution for a public order offence; he was also accused of but not prosecuted for sexual assault. At the time he had been living illegally in the UK.[103][104]
- Bernard Obama
- Barack Obama's alleged half-brother, born 1970. Dreams from My Father states that the Obama family doubt Abo and Bernard are the biological sons of Barack Obama, Sr. He had been an auto parts supplier in Nairobi, Kenya, and has one child. Bernard converted to Islam as an adult and has said: "I'm a Muslim, I don't deny it. My father was raised a Muslim. But it's not an issue. I don’t know what all the hullabaloo is about."[105] He currently resides in Bracknell, England, with his mother Kezia.[105]
- Ruth Ndesandjo
- Born Ruth Beatrice Baker, in US c. 1937, to Maurice Joseph Baker and Ida Baker of Newton, Massachusetts.[106] Ruth was a 1954 graduate of Brookline High School in Brookline, Massachusetts, and a 1958 graduate of Simmons College in Boston with a degree in business.[106] Ruth was a suburban elementary school teacher when she met and began dating Barack Sr. in Cambridge in June 1964, a month before Barack Sr.'s return to Kenya in August 1964.[106] Ruth followed Obama Sr. back to Kenya five weeks later, and married him in Kenya in a civil ceremony on December 24, 1964.[106] She later became a private kindergarten director in Kenya.[107] Ruth's two sons with Barack Obama, Sr., are Mark and David Ndesandjo; her third son, Joseph Ndesandjo, was born c. 1980 from a subsequent marriage.
- Mark Okoth Obama Ndesandjo
- Barack Obama's half-brother, son of Ruth Nidesand and Barack Obama Sr.[108] He runs an Internet company called WorldNexus that advises Chinese corporations how best to reach international customers.[109] Mark graduated from Brown University, studied physics at Stanford University, received an MBA from Emory University, and has lived in Shenzhen, China, since 2002.[110] Through his mother, he is Jewish[111] and is married to Liu Xuehua (also spelled Liu Zue Hua in some reports), a Chinese woman from Henan Province.[112][113] He is also an accomplished pianist.[114] In November 2009, he held a press conference for the upcoming publication of his semi-autobiographical novel Nairobi to Shenzhen, and stated that he also planned to write a proper autobiography which would go into more detail about his relationship with Barack Obama.[115]
- David Ndesandjo (c. 1967 – c. 1987)
- Barack Obama's half-brother (also known as David Opiyo Obama), son of Ruth Nidesand and Barack Obama Sr. Killed in a motorcycle accident.[116][117]
- George Hussein Onyango Obama
- Youngest half-brother of Barack Obama, born c.1982, son of Barack Obama Sr.[118] and Jael Otieno (now a resident of Atlanta, Georgia).[119][120] George was six months old when his father died in an automobile accident, after which he was raised in Nairobi by his mother and a French step-father. He later lived in South Korea for two years while his mother resided there for business reasons.[119] Returning to Kenya, George Obama "slept rough for several years,"[121] until his aunt gave him a six-by-eight foot corrugated metal shack in the Nairobi, Kenya, slum of Huruma Flats.[119] As of August 2008, Obama was studying to become a mechanic.[119] George received little attention until being featured in an article in the Italian language edition of Vanity Fair in August 2008, which portrayed him as living in poverty, shame, and obscurity.[122] The article quoted George Obama as saying that he lived "on less than a dollar a month" and stated that he "does not mention his famous half-brother in conversation" out of shame at his poverty.[123] In later interviews George contradicted this picture. In an interview with The Times, he "said that he was furious at subsequent reports that he had been abandoned by the Obama family and that he was filled with shame about living in a slum."[120] He told The Times, "Life in Huruma is good." George Obama said that he expects no favors, that he was supported by relatives, and that reports he lived on a dollar a month were "all lies by people who don't want my brother to win."[120] He told The Telegraph that he was inspired by his half-brother.[119] According to Time, George "has repeatedly denied…that he feels abandoned by Obama."[124] CNN quoted him as saying, "I was brought up well. I live well even now. The magazines, they have exaggerated everything… I think I kind of like it here. There are some challenges, but maybe it is just like where you come from, there are the same challenges."[122]
- Omar Okech Obama
- He sometimes goes by a variation of the name of his father Onyango Obama.[125][126] Half-uncle of Barack Obama,[127] born on June 3, 1944 in Nyang’oma Kogelo. The eldest son of Onyango and Sarah Obama, he moved to the U.S. in 1963 as part of Tom Mboya's Airlift Africa project.[125] Once he arrived in the U.S., Barack Obama Sr. found him a place at a boys' school then known as Browne & Nichols, in Cambridge, Massachusetts.[125] He later dropped out of school and changed his name to O. Onyango Obama.[125] He operated a liquor store in Framingham, Massachusetts, where he resided as of March 2011.[125][128] He was subject to a deportation order in 1989.[129] The Boston Herald reports that he may have illegally obtained a driver's license and Social Security Number.[130] After an unsuccessful appeal he was given a new deportation order in 1992.[129][131] He was arrested on August 24, 2011 for driving under the influence,[129] and subsequently held in jail until September 9, 2011, on a federal immigration warrant.[126][132]
- Zeituni Onyango
- Half-aunt of Barack Obama,[133] born May 29, 1952, in Kenya,[134] Onyango is referred to as "Aunti Zeituni" in the memoir Dreams from My Father.[135] She was denied political asylum in the US in 2004, but remained in the country illegally. Her presence was leaked to the media during Barack Obama's 2008 presidential campaign. She was granted asylum in 2010.
- Yusuf Obama
- Half-uncle of Barack Obama,[127] born c. 1950s in Nyang’oma Kogelo; son of Onyango and Sarah Obama.[citation needed]
- Sayid Obama
- Half-uncle of Barack Obama,[127][136] born c. 1950s in Nyang’oma Kogelo; son of Onyango and Sarah Obama.[citation needed]
Michelle Robinson Obama's extended family[link]
File:Fraser Robinson, Sr.jpg
Fraser Robinson, Sr. (1884–1936) of South Carolina, shown in an old photo along with his wife, Rosella Cohen Robinson, in its background
File:Family of Fraser and Marian Robinson.jpg
Fraser Robinson III and Marian Robinson pose with their son Craig and infant daughter Michelle in a 1964 family portrait.
Barack Obama has called his wife Michelle "the most quintessentially American woman I know."[4] Her family is of African-American heritage, descendents of Africans of the American Colonial Era.[4] Michelle Obama's family history traces back from slavery to Reconstruction to the Great Migration North. Some of Michelle's relatives still reside in South Carolina.
- Jim Robinson
- Michelle's earliest known relative on her father's side is her great-great grandfather Jim Robinson, born in the 1850s, who was an American slave on the Friendfield plantation in Georgetown, South Carolina. The family believes that after the Civil War he remained a Friendfield plantation sharecropper for the rest of his life and that he was buried there in an unmarked grave.[4]
- Jim married twice, first to a woman named Louiser with whom had two sons, Gabriel and Fraser, Michelle Obama's great-grandfather. There was also a daughter born to the family, but there is no reference to a name and she is believed to have died as a child. His second marriage to Rose Ella Cohen bore 6 other children. Fraser had an arm amputated as a result of a boyhood injury. He worked as a shoemaker, newspaper salesman and in a lumber mill.[4] Carrie Nelson, Gabriel Robinson's daughter, now 80, is the oldest living Robinson and the keeper of family lore.[4]
- At least three of Michelle Obama's great-uncles served in the military of the United States. One aunt moved to Princeton, New Jersey, where she worked as a maid, and cooked Southern-style meals for Michelle and her brother, Craig, when they were students at Princeton University.
- Marian Lois Robinson
- Michelle Obama's mother (birthname Marian Lois Shields, born July 30, 1937), now widowed, married Michelle's father, Fraser Robinson, on October 27, 1960.[137][138] Robinson was formerly a secretary at Spiegel catalog and a bank. While Michelle and Barack Obama were campaigning in 2008, Robinson tended the Obamas' young children and does the same while currently living in the White House itself as part of the First Family;[139] she is the first live-in grandmother there since Elivera M. Doud during the Eisenhower administration.[140] Some media outlets have dubbed Robinson the "First Granny".[140][141] Marian takes Sasha and Malia to school daily and enjoys life in Washington.[142]
- Fraser C. Robinson III
- Michelle Obama's father, born August 1, 1935, died March 6, 1991, married Michelle's mother, Marian Shields, on October 27, 1960.[138][143] Robinson was a pump worker at the City of Chicago water plant.[4]
- Craig Robinson
- Michelle Obama's brother, born 1962. He is currently head coach of men's basketball at Oregon State University.[144]
- Fraser Robinson, Jr.
- Michelle Obama's grandfather was born on August 24, 1912, in Georgetown, South Carolina, and died on November 9, 1996, aged 84. He was a good student and orator, but moved from South Carolina to Chicago to find better work than he could find at home, eventually becoming a worker for the United States Postal Service. He was married to LaVaughn Johnson. When he retired, they moved back to South Carolina.[4]
- LaVaughn Dolores Johnson
- Michelle Obama's grandmother (February 6, 1915 – September 17, 2002) and wife of Fraser Robinson Jr. She was born in Chicago, Illinois, to James Preston Johnson (1880–1920?) and Phoebe (1879–1920?) in Chicago.
- Capers C. Funnye Jr.
- Michelle Obama's first cousin once removed: Funnye's mother, Verdelle Robinson Funnye (born Verdelle Robinson; August 22, 1930 – April 16, 2000) and Michelle Obama's paternal grandfather, Fraser Robinson Jr., were siblings. One of America's most prominent African American rabbis, known for acting as a bridge between mainstream Jewry and African Americans.[145]
Genealogical charts[link]
Ancestries[link]
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4. Hussein Onyango Obama |
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2. Barack Hussein Obama, Sr. |
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5. Akumu Nyanjoga |
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12. Ralph Waldo Emerson Dunham, Sr. |
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13. Ruth Lucille Armour |
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8. Fraser Robinson, Sr. |
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9. Rose Ella "Rosella" Cohen |
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2. Fraser C. Robinson III |
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3. Marian L. Shields |
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7. Rebecca Jumper (or Coleman) |
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15. Eliza Tinsley |
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[edit] Family trees
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Barack Obama
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Distant relations[link]
According to genealogists, Barack Obama's distant cousins include the multitude of descendants of his maternal ancestors from all along the early-American Atlantic seaboard as well as paternal, Kenyan relations belonging to the Luo tribe, many descending from a 17th century ancestor named Owiny.[146][147] For example, George W. Bush, the 43rd U.S. president, is the eleventh cousin of Barack Obama.[148] The New York Times science writer Nicholas Wade argues that with eleven generations leading back to their common progenitor, Samuel Hinckley, the relationship between the 43rd President and the 44th President is "genetically meaningless".[149]
- Selected genealogical relationships
 John McCain |
According to William Reitwiesner he is 22nd cousin 2 times removed.[150] According to Ancestors of Barack Hussein Obama: 50 Generations by Lorina Boliq, Senator McCain is also Obama's 24th cousin 6 times removed. |
 Bill Hickok |
According to Barack Obama's family lore (and confirmed by the New England Historic Genealogical Society), the President and Hickok are sixth cousins, six-times removed.[151] |
 Robert Duvall |
Goodnight helped inspire Pulitzer Prize-winning author Larry McMurtry to create a protagonist for his novel series Lonesome Dove: Woodrow Call. In Dove's television novela, Woodrow Call's partner is Gus McCrae, portrayed by Obama's eighth cousin, twice removed, actor Robert Duvall.[152][dead link] |
 James Madison |
It is claimed that Obama may also be distantly related to U.S. Presidents James Madison, Lyndon Johnson, Gerald Ford, and U.S. Vice President Dick Cheney, U.S. Civil War General Robert E. Lee, and actor Brad Pitt.[153][dead link][154][155] |
 Elvis Presley |
Boliq's research additionally indicates that Elvis Presley is Obama's 21st cousin 3 times removed.[156] |
 Charles Goodnight |
According to Chicago Sun-Times reporter Scott Fornek, another Obama progenitor, Catherine Goodnight, was the grandniece of George Goodnight, who was in turn great-grandfather of famed cattleman Charles Goodnight.[152][dead link] |
 Harry S. Truman |
Actor Duvall is distant cousins with United States President Harry Truman, who is likewise a fourth cousin, four times removed, of Obama's.[152][dead link] |
 Georgia O'Keeffe |
Notable women Obama is related to include painter Georgia O'Keeffe. |
Five volumes of family genealogy (as compiled at the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints' Family History Library in Salt Lake City, Utah), were presented by Mormon leaders to Obama in July 2009. In a statement, Obama said he was "looking forward to reading through the materials with my daughters. It's something our family will treasure for years to come."[157]
Moneygall, Ireland, resident Henry Healy, Barack Obama's eighth cousin, became known for having initiated a visit by the U.S. president in May 2011 to Healy's hometown.[158]
[edit] Index
See also[link]
- U.S. Presidential genealogical relationships
- New England Historic Genealogical Society
- Gary Boyd Roberts
References[link]
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- ^ The 89th Infantry Division, United States Holocaust Memorial Museum
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- ^ Obama has links to Malaysia
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- ^ Chicago Sun Times article with her picture
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- ^ Ancestry of Barack Obama
- ^ a b Dreams from my Father, p. 408.
- ^ http://reuters.viewdle.com/video/Kenyans+in+Kisumu+area,+the+birthplace+of+Obamas+father,+celebrate+on+...?vid=reuters-200811053163WD-KENYA-US_ELEX-OBAMA_FAMILY-1225901556.mpg&pid=fbbeca19a1a47bf9c7cba422820296e0
- ^ Dreams from My Father, p. 376
- ^ a b Kenya: Special Report: Sleepy Little Village Where Obama Traces His Own Roots (Page 2 of 2)
- ^ Dreams from My Father, pp. 425–426.
- ^ Dreams from My Father, p. 396.
- ^ a b Dreams from My Father, p. 397.
- ^ a b Dreams from My Father, p. 400.
- ^ The Apple Fell Far from the Tree
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- ^ Dreams from my Father, p. 262.
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- ^ a b c Gathmann, Florian; Gregor Peter Schmitz, Jochen Schönmann (July 24, 2008). "Studentin in der Bundesrepublik: Wie Auma Obama mit Deutschland haderte" (in German). Der Spiegel. http://www.spiegel.de/politik/ausland/0,1518,567286,00.html. Retrieved July 24, 2008.
- ^ "Obama relative 'to stand as MP'". BBC News. May 28, 2009. http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/uk_politics/8072088.stm. Retrieved May 2, 2010.
- ^ Ridley, Jane (March 30, 2009). "President Obama's British Step-mom, Kezia Obama, proud her son is meeting Queen". Daily News (New York). http://www.nydailynews.com/news/politics/2009/03/30/2009-03-30_president_obamas_british_stepmom_kezia_o.html. Retrieved April 2, 2009.
- ^ "Flight attendant chats with Obama's brother". thisisnottingham.co.uk. January 20, 2009. http://www.thisisnottingham.co.uk/news/Flight-attendant-chats-Obama-s-brother/article-625675-detail/article.html. Retrieved April 11, 2009.
- ^ "Obama brother refused entry to UK". BBC. April 12, 2009. http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/uk/7995544.stm. Retrieved April 12, 2009.
- ^ "Barack Obama's brother banned from Britain over 'sex assault' lie". Daily Mirror. April 11, 2009. http://www.mirror.co.uk/news/top-stories/2009/04/11/barack-obama-s-brother-banned-from-britain-over-sex-assault-lie-115875-21272142/. Retrieved April 11, 2009.
- ^ "Obama's brother refused entry to UK". newsoftheworld.co.uk. April 11, 2009. http://www.newsoftheworld.co.uk/news/260464/Barrack-Obama-brother-Samson-Obama-refused-entry-to-UK-over-allegations-of-attempted-sex-attack-on-young-girl.html. Retrieved April 11, 2009.
- ^ a b Harvey, Oliver (07-26 2008). "Obama's brother is in Bracknell". The Sun (London). http://www.thesun.co.uk/sol/homepage/news/the_real_american_idol/article1472877.ece. Retrieved October 6, 2008.
- ^ a b c d Jacobs, Sally H. (2011). The other Barack: the bold and reckless life of President Obama's father. New York: PublicAffairs. pp. 160–161, 165, 172–174, 177, 187–190, 193–196, 199–202, 226–227, 230–231, 247. ISBN 1-58648-793-0.
- ^ "Madari Kindergarten". http://www.madarikindergarten.com/.
- ^ Barack Obama’s brother pushes Chinese imports on US – Times Online
- ^ Obama half-brother runs Internet company in China
- ^ Roger Cohen (March 17, 2008). "Obama's Brother in China". The New York Times. http://www.nytimes.com/2008/03/17/opinion/29cohen.html. Retrieved March 23, 2008.
- ^ The Jewish Connection "Chief Rabbi Metzger says Obama's Jewish half brother will lobby to release Pollard" 4;16
- ^ "Obama's half brother performs in China". China Daily. January 17, 2009. http://szdaily.sznews.com/html/2009-01/19/content_494617.htm. Retrieved March 26, 2009.
- ^ Lai, Jane (January 19, 2009). "Obama’s half brother goes public". Shenzhen Daily. http://www.chinadaily.com.cn/china/2009-01/17/content_7406508_2.htm. Retrieved November 5, 2009.
- ^ "Youku Buzz (daily) » Blog Archive » Barack Obama’s Half-Brother in Concert". Buzz.youku.com. January 18, 2009. http://buzz.youku.com/2009/01/18/barack-obamas-half-brother-in-concert/. Retrieved January 31, 2009.
- ^ Pomfret, James (November 4, 2009). "Obama's brother emerges in China with novel". Reuters. http://www.reuters.com/article/newsOne/idUSHKG21373820091104. Retrieved November 5, 2009.
- ^ jaketapper (July 28, 2008). "Political Punch: Barack Obama's Branch-y Family Tree". Blogs.abcnews.com. http://blogs.abcnews.com/politicalpunch/2008/07/barack-obamas-1.html. Retrieved January 31, 2009.
- ^ http://www.geditcom.com/samples/Obamas/INDIs/II89.html
- ^ Fornek, Scott (September 9, 2007). "HALF-BROTHER GEORGE: 'I would be there for him'". Chicago Sun-Times. http://www.suntimes.com/news/politics/obama/familytree/545447,BSX-News-wotreecc09.stng. Retrieved August 4, 2008.
- ^ a b c d e Pflanz, Mike (August 21, 2008). "Barack Obama is my inspiration, says lost brother". The Daily Telegraph (London). http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/newstopics/uselection2008/barackobama/2595688/Barack-Obama-is-my-inspiration-says-lost-brother.html. Retrieved August 23, 2008. [dead link]
- ^ a b c Crilly, Rob (August 22, 2008). "Life is good in my Nairobi slum, says Barack Obama's younger brother". The Times (London). http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/news/world/us_and_americas/us_elections/article4583353.ece. Retrieved August 23, 2008.
- ^ Being Obama’s Brother, by George Obama, Newsweek, January 2, 2010
- ^ a b McKenzie, David (August 23, 2008). "Behind the Scenes: Meet George Obama". CNN. http://www.cnn.com/2008/POLITICS/08/22/bts.obama.brother/. Retrieved October 26, 2008.
- ^ Pisa, Nick (August 20, 2008). "Barack Obama's 'lost' brother found in Kenya". Daily Telegraph (London). http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/newstopics/uselection2008/barackobama/2590614/Barack-Obamas-lost-brother-found-in-Kenya.html. Retrieved August 20, 2008. [dead link]
- ^ Wadhams, Nick (October 7, 2008). "Corsi in Kenya: Obama's Nation Boots Obama Nation Author". TIME. http://www.time.com/time/world/article/0,8599,1847965,00.html?imw=Y. Retrieved January 31, 2009.
- ^ a b c d e Sacchetti, Maria; Dan Adams (August 31, 2011). "Obama’s uncle is called a fugitive". Boston Globe (Boston: The New York Times Company). http://articles.boston.com/2011-08-31/news/29949966_1_zeituni-onyango-immigration-status-boston-immigration-judge. Retrieved 09/03/2011.
- ^ a b "Packie owner praises Prez’s troubled uncle". Boston Herald. August 31, 2011. http://news.bostonherald.com/news/regional/view/2011_0831says_hed_have_him_back_in_a_heartbeat/srvc=home&position=2. Retrieved August 31, 2011.
- ^ a b c "The Obama Family Tree" (PDF). Chicago Sun-Times. September 9, 2007. http://www.suntimes.com/images/cds/MP3/obamatree.pdf. Retrieved November 23, 2008.
- ^ Bone, James; Philp, Catherine (August 29, 2011). "Barack Obama's uncle has been arrested and held as illegal immigrant". The Australian. http://www.theaustralian.com.au/news/world/barack-obamas-uncle-has-been-arrested-and-held-as-illegal-immigrant/story-e6frg6so-1226124269032.
- ^ a b c Sacchetti, Maria (September 9, 2011). "Obama’s uncle quietly released from jail". Boston Globe (Boston: The New York Times Company). http://www.boston.com/news/local/massachusetts/articles/2011/09/09/obamas_uncle_quietly_released_from_jail/?p1=Local_Links. Retrieved 09/09/2011.
- ^ Wedge, Dave and Laurel J. Sweet. President Obama’s uncle had Social Security ID, Boston Herald, August 30, 2011.
- ^ Lavoie, Denise (August 29, 2011). "Official: Obama uncle here illegally since 1992". Grand Junction Daily Sentinel. http://hosted2.ap.org/COGRA/APUSnews/Article_2011-08-31-Obama%27s%20Uncle-Arrest/id-1a303322efd34df3a590c3a9ca6791cf.
- ^ Zaremba, John; Szaniszlo, Marie (September 10, 2011). "President’s uncle released by feds, but must ‘check in’". Boston Globe (Boston: The New York Times Company). http://news.bostonherald.com/news/regional/view/2011_0910presidents_uncle_released_by_feds_but_must_check_in/srvc=home&position=4. Retrieved 09/10/2011.
- ^ First read, MSNBC
- ^ "Barack Obama's Kenyan aunt 'living in Boston housing project'". The Telegraph. October 30, 2008. http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/barackobama/3282348/Barack-Obamas-Kenyan-aunt-living-in-Boston-housing-project.html. Retrieved February 6, 2012.
- ^ Boston Housing Authority ‘flabbergastered’ Barack Obama’s aunt living in Southie
- ^ Kilner, Derek (November 5, 2008). "Kenya Celebrates President Obama as Native Son". Voice Of America. http://www.voanews.com/english/news/a-13-2008-11-05-voa45-66734637.html. Retrieved December 24, 2008.
- ^ Taylor Marsh (August 25, 2008). "Political Analysis, National Security and Breaking News". Taylor Marsh. http://www.taylormarsh.com/archives_view.php?id=28286. Retrieved January 31, 2009.
- ^ a b Lia LoBello (January 2, 2008). "First Families: Radar introduces you to the next president's relatives". Radar Online. http://www.radaronline.com/features/2008/07/john_mccain_barack_obama_michelle_cindy_dunham_roberta_wrigh_04.php. Retrieved January 28, 2009. [dead link]
- ^ Rachel L. Swarns (January 9, 2009). "Obama's Mother-in-Law to Move Into the White House". The New York Times. http://thecaucus.blogs.nytimes.com/2009/01/09/obamas-mother-in-law-to-move-into-the-white-house/?hp. Retrieved January 9, 2009.
- ^ a b "Will Obama mum-in-law make it a family affair in the White House?". Agence France Presse. November 22, 2008. http://www.google.com/hostednews/afp/article/ALeqM5gN_i2jrCVkJQgfMbSDRRrNk8U4Sw. Retrieved January 9, 2009.
- ^ Philip Sherwell (2008 – November 9, 2008). "Michelle Obama persuades First Granny to join new White House team". London: The Telegraph (UK). http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/3407525/Michelle-Obama-persuades-First-Granny-to-join-new-White-House-team.html. Retrieved January 9, 2009.
- ^ "'First granny' embraces life in D.C". Politico. http://www.politico.com/news/stories/0811/61719.html. Retrieved September 12, 2011.
- ^ "RootsWeb's WorldConnect Project: Dowling Family Genealogy". Wc.rootsweb.ancestry.com. http://wc.rootsweb.ancestry.com/cgi-bin/igm.cgi?op=GET&db=dowfam3&id=I105855. Retrieved January 31, 2009.
- ^ "Oregon State University Beavers: Craig Robinson bio". http://www.osubeavers.com/ViewArticle.dbml?SPSID=106239&SPID=1954&DB_OEM_ID=4700&ATCLID=1436883&Q_SEASON=2008. Retrieved August 21, 2008. [dead link]
- ^ Weiss, Anthony (September 2, 2008). "Michelle Obama Has a Rabbi in Her Family". The Forward. http://www.forward.com/articles/14121/. Retrieved October 9, 2008.
- ^ Gary Boyd Roberts. "Notes on the Ancestry of Senator Barack Hussein Obama, Jr". New England Historic Genealogical Society. http://www.newenglandancestors.org/research/services/articles_ancestry_barack_obama.asp. Retrieved January 31, 2009.
- ^ Scott Fornek (September 9, 2007). "Obama Family Tree". Chicago Sun-Times. http://www.suntimes.com/news/politics/obama/familytree/545463,BSX-News-wotreer09.stng. Retrieved January 31, 2009.
- ^ "Obama-Bush (family tree)" (PDF). New England Historic Genealogical Society. http://www.newenglandancestors.org/pdfs/obama_bush.pdf. Retrieved January 31, 2009.
- ^ Wade, Nicholas (October 21, 2007). "Barack Obama – Dick Cheney – Ancestry and Genealogy – Washington – New York Times". The New York Times. http://www.nytimes.com/2007/10/21/weekinreview/21basic.html. Retrieved January 31, 2009.
- ^ "The genealogical relationships between Barack Obama and John McCain". http://www.wargs.com/political/om.html.
- ^ Eastman, Dick (July 30, 2008). "Barack Obama is Related to Wild Bill Hickok". Blog.eogn.com. http://blog.eogn.com/eastmans_online_genealogy/2008/07/barack-obama-is.html. Retrieved January 31, 2009.
- ^ a b c Scott Fornek (September 9, 2007). "Obama Family Tree". Chicago Sun-Times. http://www.suntimes.com/news/politics/obama/familytree/545441,BSX-News-wotreec09.stng. Retrieved January 31, 2009.
- ^ "Notes on the Ancestry of Senator Barack Hussein Obama, Jr". New England Historic Genealogical Society. August 14, 2002. http://www.newenglandancestors.org/research/services/articles_ancestry_barack_obama.asp. Retrieved January 31, 2009.
- ^ "Obama, Clinton and McCain have some famous relations". HeraldNet – AP. March 26, 2008. http://www.heraldnet.com/article/20080326/NEWS02/151343661. Retrieved January 31, 2009.
- ^ "Barack Obama and Joe Biden: The Change We Need". My.barackobama.com. July 31, 2008. http://my.barackobama.com/page/community/post/williambrehm/gG5TVR. Retrieved January 31, 2009.
- ^ "Ancestors Of Barack Hussein Obama: 50 Generations (Paperback) ~ Lorina Bolig (Product Description)". Amazon.com. http://www.amazon.com/reader/1434806693?_encoding=UTF8&ref_=sib%5Fdp%5Fpt#noop. Retrieved October 27, 2009.
- ^ Mormon leader presents family history to Obama
- ^ Henley, Jon. = May 23, 2011 "Obama's visit greeted with jubilation in Moneygall". The Guardian. http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/2011/may/23/obama-visit-jubilation-moneygalldate = May 23, 2011
External links[link]
- "Fashionable first daughters, Malia and Sasha" (New York Daily News news photos)
- Barack Obama's Family Tree – Photo Essays – TIME
- "Though Obama Had to Leave to Find Himself, It Is Hawaii That Made His Rise Possible," by David Maraniss
- Barack Obama's Branch-y Family Tree by Jake Tapper
- "Obama Family Tree" series, by Scott Fornek
- "Notes on the Ancestry of Senator Barack Hussein Obama, Jr.," by Gary Boyd Roberts
- "Obama, Clinton and McCain have some famous relations," by The Associated Press
- "Obama's Patriotic Family Tree," by Bill Brehm
- "Tracking Michelle Obama's Slave Roots," by Joe Johns and Justine Redman
- "Obama's related to WHO? You betcha!" by Jocelyn Noveck
- Malia Obama collected news and commentary at The New York Times
- Sasha Obama collected news and commentary at The New York Times
http://wn.com/Family_of_Barack_Obama
Related pages:
http://ru.wn.com/Семья Барака Обамы
http://id.wn.com/Keluarga Barack Obama
http://pt.wn.com/Família Obama
This page contains text from Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Family_of_Barack_Obama
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This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, which means that you can copy and modify it as long as the entire work (including additions) remains under this license.
| Michelle Obama | |
|---|---|
|
|
| First Lady of the United States | |
| Incumbent | |
| Assumed office January 20, 2009 |
|
| Preceded by | Laura Bush |
| Personal details | |
| Born | Michelle LaVaughn Robinson (1964-01-17) January 17, 1964 (age 48) Chicago, Illinois, U.S. |
| Nationality | American |
| Political party | Democratic |
| Spouse(s) | Barack Obama (m. 1992) |
| Children | Malia (born 1998) Sasha (born 2001) |
| Residence | Hyde Park, Chicago (private) The White House (official) |
| Alma mater | Princeton University (A.B.) Harvard Law School (J.D.) |
| Profession | Lawyer |
| Religion | Protestant Christian |
| Signature |  |
Michelle LaVaughn Robinson Obama (born January 17, 1964) is the wife of the 44th and incumbent President of the United States, Barack Obama, and is the first African-American First Lady of the United States. Raised on the South Side of Chicago, Obama attended Princeton University and Harvard Law School before returning to Chicago and to work at the law firm Sidley Austin, where she met her future husband. Subsequently, she worked as part of the staff of Chicago mayor Richard M. Daley, and for the University of Chicago Medical Center.
Throughout 2007 and 2008, she helped campaign for her husband's presidential bid and delivered a keynote address at the 2008 Democratic National Convention. She is the mother of two daughters, Malia and Sasha, and is the sister of Craig Robinson, men's basketball coach at Oregon State University. As the wife of a Senator, and later the First Lady, she has become a fashion icon and role model for women, and an advocate for poverty awareness, nutrition and healthy eating.[1][2]
Contents |
Family and education[link]
Michelle LaVaughn Robinson was born on January 17, 1964, in Chicago, Illinois, to Fraser Robinson III,[3] a city water plant employee and Democratic precinct captain, and Marian (née Shields), a secretary at Spiegel's catalog store.[4] Her mother was a full-time homemaker until Michelle entered high school.[5] The Robinson and Shields families can trace their roots[6] to pre-Civil War African Americans in the American South. Specifically, her roots can be traced to the Gullah people from South Carolina's Lowcountry region.[7] Her paternal great-great grandfather, Jim Robinson, was an American slave in the state of South Carolina,[8][9] where some of her paternal family still reside.[10][11] Her maternal great-great-great grandmother, Melvinia Shields, also a slave, became pregnant by a white man. His name and the nature of their union have been lost. She gave birth to Michelle's biracial maternal great-great grandfather, Dolphus T. Shields.[12]
Michelle grew up in a two-story house on Euclid Street in Chicago's South Shore community area. Her parents rented a small apartment on the house's second floor from her great-aunt, who lived downstairs.[4][13][14][15] She was raised in what she describes as a "conventional" home, with "the mother at home, the father works, you have dinner around the table".[16] The family entertained together by playing games such as Monopoly and by reading.[17] They attended services at nearby South Shore Methodist Church.[13] The Robinsons used to vacation in a rustic cabin in White Cloud, Michigan.[13] She and her brother, Craig (who is 21 months older), skipped the second grade. By sixth grade, Michelle joined a gifted class at Bryn Mawr Elementary School (later renamed Bouchet Academy).[18]
She attended Whitney Young High School,[19] Chicago's first magnet high school, where she was a classmate of Jesse Jackson's daughter Santita.[17] The round trip commute from the Robinsons' South Side home to the Near West Side, where the school was located, took three hours.[20] She was on the honor roll for four years, took advanced placement classes, a member of the National Honor Society and served as student council treasurer.[4] Michelle graduated in 1981 as the salutatorian of her class.[20]
Michelle was inspired to follow her brother to Princeton University;[5] Craig graduated in 1983. At Princeton, she challenged the teaching methodology for French because she felt that it should be more conversational.[21] As part of her requirements for graduation, she wrote a thesis entitled "Princeton-Educated Blacks and the Black Community."[22][23] "I remember being shocked," she says, "by college students who drove BMWs. I didn't even know parents who drove BMWs."[20] While at Princeton, she got involved with the Third World Center (now known as the Carl A. Fields Center), an academic and cultural group that supported minority students, running their day care center which also included after school tutoring.[24] Robinson majored in sociology and minored in African American studies and graduated cum laude with a Bachelor of Arts in 1985.[4][25] She earned her Juris Doctor (J.D.) degree from Harvard Law School in 1988.[26] At Harvard she participated in demonstrations advocating the hiring of professors who were members of minorities[27] and worked for the Harvard Legal Aid Bureau, assisting low-income tenants with housing cases.[28] She is the third First Lady with a postgraduate degree, after her two immediate predecessors, Hillary Rodham Clinton and Laura Bush.[29] In July 2008, Obama accepted the invitation to become an honorary member of the 100-year-old black sorority Alpha Kappa Alpha, which had no active undergraduate chapter at Princeton when she attended.[30]
She met Barack Obama when they were among the few African Americans at their law firm, Sidley Austin (she has sometimes said only two, although others have pointed out there were others in different departments),[31] and she was assigned to mentor him as a summer associate.[32] Their relationship started with a business lunch and then a community organization meeting where he first impressed her.[33] The couple's first date was to the Spike Lee movie Do the Right Thing.[34] They married in October 1992,[33] and have two daughters, Malia Ann (born 1998) and Natasha (known as Sasha, born 2001).[35] After his election to the U.S. Senate, the Obama family continued to live on Chicago's South Side, choosing to remain there rather than moving to Washington, D.C. Throughout her husband's 2008 campaign for President of the United States, she made a "commitment to be away overnight only once a week — to campaign only two days a week and be home by the end of the second day" for their two children.[36] She is the first cousin, once removed, of Rabbi Capers C. Funnye Jr., one of the country’s most prominent black rabbis.
She once requested that her then-fiancé meet her prospective boss, Valerie Jarrett, when considering her first career move.[16] Now, Jarrett is one of her husband’s closest advisors.[37][38] The marital relationship has had its ebbs and flows; the combination of an evolving family life and beginning political career led to many arguments about balancing work and family. Barack Obama wrote in his second book, The Audacity of Hope: Thoughts on Reclaiming the American Dream, that "Tired and stressed, we had little time for conversation, much less romance".[39] However, despite their family obligations and careers, they continue to attempt to schedule date nights.[40]
The Obamas' daughters attended the University of Chicago Laboratory Schools, a private school.[41] As a member of the school's board, Michelle fought to maintain diversity in the school when other board members connected with the University of Chicago tried to reserve more slots for children of the university faculty. This resulted in a plan to expand the school.[5] Malia and Sasha now attend Sidwell Friends School in Washington, after also considering Georgetown Day School.[42][43] Michelle stated in an interview on The Ellen DeGeneres Show that they do not intend to have any more children.[44] The Obamas have received advice from past first ladies Laura Bush, Rosalynn Carter and Hillary Rodham Clinton about raising children in the White House.[43] Marian Robinson, Michelle's mother, has moved into the White House to assist with child care.[45]
Career[link]
Following law school, she was an associate at the Chicago office of the law firm Sidley Austin, where she first met her future husband. At the firm, she worked on marketing and intellectual property.[4] She continues to hold her law license, but as she no longer needs it for her work, it has been on a voluntary inactive status since 1993.[46]
In 1991, she held public sector positions in the Chicago city government as an Assistant to the Mayor, and as Assistant Commissioner of Planning and Development. In 1993, she became Executive Director for the Chicago office of Public Allies, a non-profit organization encouraging young people to work on social issues in nonprofit groups and government agencies.[19] She worked there nearly four years and set fundraising records for the organization that still stood 12 years after she left.[17]
In 1996, she served as the Associate Dean of Student Services at the University of Chicago, where she developed the University's Community Service Center.[47] In 2002, she began working for the University of Chicago Hospitals, first as executive director for community affairs and, beginning May 2005, as Vice President for Community and External Affairs.[48] She continued to hold the University of Chicago Hospitals position during the primary campaign, but cut back to part time in order to spend time with her daughters as well as work for her husband's election;[49] she subsequently took a leave of absence from her job.[50] According to the couple’s 2006 income tax return, her salary was $273,618 from the University of Chicago Hospitals, while her husband had a salary of $157,082 from the United States Senate. The Obamas' total income, however, was $991,296, which included $51,200 she earned as a member of the board of directors of TreeHouse Foods, and investments and royalties from his books.[51]
She served as a salaried board member of TreeHouse Foods, Inc. (NYSE: THS),[52] a major Wal-Mart supplier with whom she cut ties immediately after her husband made comments critical of Wal-Mart at an AFL-CIO forum in Trenton, New Jersey, on May 14, 2007.[53] She serves on the board of directors of the Chicago Council on Global Affairs.[54]
2008 Presidential election[link]
Oprah Winfrey joins the Obamas on the campaign trail, December 10, 2007
The Obamas fist bump upon his winning the Democratic nomination.
The Obamas, with Joe and Jill Biden at the August 23, 2008 Vice Presidential announcement in Springfield, Illinois.
Obama speaks at the 2008 Democratic convention
Although Obama has campaigned on her husband's behalf since early in his political career by handshaking and fund-raising, she did not relish the activity at first. When she campaigned during her husband's 2000 run for United States House of Representatives, her boss at the University of Chicago asked if there was any single thing about campaigning that she enjoyed; after some thought, she replied that visiting so many living rooms had given her some new decorating ideas.[55]
At first, Obama had reservations about her husband's presidential campaign, due to fears about a possible negative effect on their daughters.[56] She says that she negotiated an agreement in which her husband was to give up smoking in exchange for her support of his decision to run.[57] About her role in her husband's presidential campaign she has said: "My job is not a senior adviser."[37][58][59] During the campaign, she has discussed race and education by using motherhood as a framework.[21]
In May 2007, three months after her husband declared his presidential candidacy, she reduced her professional responsibilities by 80 percent to support his presidential campaign.[16] Early in the campaign, she had limited involvement in which she traveled to political events only two days a week and traveled overnight only if their daughters could come along;[3] by early February 2008 her participation had increased significantly, attending thirty-three events in eight days.[38] She made several campaign appearances with Oprah Winfrey.[60][61] She wrote her own stump speeches for her husband's presidential campaign and generally spoke without notes.[20]
Throughout the campaign, the media often labeled her as an "angry black woman,"[62][63][64] and some Web sites attempted to propagate this image,[65] prompting her to respond: "Barack and I have been in the public eye for many years now, and we've developed a thick skin along the way. When you’re out campaigning, there will always be criticism. I just take it in stride, and at the end of the day, I know that it comes with the territory."[66] By the time of the 2008 Democratic National Convention in August, media outlets observed that her presence on the campaign trail had grown softer than at the start of the race, focusing on soliciting concerns and empathizing with the audience rather than throwing down challenges to them, and giving interviews to shows like The View and publications like Ladies' Home Journal rather than appearing on news programs. The change was even reflected in her fashion choices, wearing more informal clothes in place of her previous designer pieces.[55] The View appearance was partly intended to help soften her public image,[62] and it was widely-covered in the press.[67]
The presidential campaign was her first exposure to the national political scene; even before the field of Democratic candidates was narrowed to two, she was considered the least famous of the candidates' spouses.[58] Early in the campaign, she told anecdotes about the Obama family life; however, as the press began to emphasize her sarcasm, she toned it down.[51][57] New York Times op-ed columnist Maureen Dowd wrote:
I wince a bit when Michelle Obama chides her husband as a mere mortal — comic routine that rests on the presumption that we see him as a god ... But it may not be smart politics to mock him in a way that turns him from the glam JFK into the mundane Gerald Ford, toasting his own English muffin. If all Senator Obama is peddling is the Camelot mystique, why debunk this mystique?[58][68]
On the first night of the 2008 Democratic National Convention, Craig Robinson introduced his younger sister.[69] She delivered her speech, during which she sought to portray herself and her family as the embodiment of the American Dream.[70] Obama said both she and her husband believed "that you work hard for what you want in life, that your word is your bond, and you do what you say you're going to do, that you treat people with dignity and respect, even if you don't know them, and even if you don't agree with them."[71] She also emphasized loving her country, in response to criticism for her previous statements about feeling proud of her country for the first time.[70][72][73] That keynote address was largely well received and drew mostly positive reviews.[74] A Rasmussen Reports poll found that her favorability among Americans reached 55%.[75]
On an October 6, 2008 broadcast, Larry King asked her if the American electorate was past the Bradley effect. She stated that her husband's achievement of the nomination was a fairly strong indicator that it was.[76] The same night she also was interviewed by Jon Stewart on The Daily Show where she deflected criticism of her husband and his campaign.[77] On Fox News' America's Pulse, E. D. Hill referred to the fist bump shared by the Obamas on the night that he clinched the Democratic presidential nomination as a "terrorist fist jab"; Hill was taken off air and the show itself was cancelled.[78][79][80]
First Lady of the United States[link]
Michelle Obama wore Isabel Toledo clothes made of St. Gallen Embroidery to the 2009 presidential inauguration.
The Obamas dance at a presidential inaugural ball.
Public image and style[link]
With the ascent of her husband as a prominent national politician, Michelle Obama has become a part of popular culture. In May 2006, Essence listed her among "25 of the World's Most Inspiring Women."[81][82] In July 2007, Vanity Fair listed her among "10 of the World's Best Dressed People." She was an honorary guest at Oprah Winfrey's Legends Ball as a "young'un" paying tribute to the 'Legends,' which helped pave the way for African American Women. In September 2007, 02138 magazine listed her 58th of 'The Harvard 100'; a list of the prior year's most influential Harvard alumni. Her husband was ranked fourth.[81][83] In July 2008, she made a repeat appearance on the Vanity Fair international best dressed list.[84] She also appeared on the 2008 People list of best-dressed women and was praised by the magazine for her "classic and confident" look.[85][86]
At the time of her husband's election, some sources anticipated that as a high-profile African-American woman in a stable marriage she would be a positive role model who would influence the view the world has of African-Americans.[87][88] Her fashion choices were part of the 2009 Fashion week,[89] but Obama's influence in the field did not have the impact on the paucity of African-American models who participate, that some thought it might.[90][91]
She has been compared to Jacqueline Kennedy due to her sense of style,[84] and also to Barbara Bush for her discipline and decorum.[92][93] Her white, one-shoulder Jason Wu 2009 inaugural gown was said to be "an unlikely combination of Nancy Reagan and Jackie Kennedy".[94][95] Obama's style is described as populist.[29] She often wears clothes by designers Calvin Klein, Isabel Toledo, Narciso Rodriguez, Donna Ricco and Maria Pinto,[96] and has become a fashion trendsetter,[97][98][99] in particular her favoring of sleeveless dresses that showcase her toned arms.[100]
She appeared on the cover and in a photo spread in the March 2009 issue of Vogue.[101][102] Every First Lady since Lou Hoover (except Bess Truman) has been in Vogue,[101] but only Hillary Clinton had previously appeared on the cover.[103]
The media have been criticized for focusing more on the first lady's fashion sense than her serious contributions.[29][104] She has stated that she would like to focus attention as First Lady on issues of concern to military and working families.[87][105][106] U.S.News & World Report blogger, PBS host and Scripps Howard columnist Bonnie Erbe has argued that Obama's own publicists seem to be feeding the emphasis on style over substance.[107] Erbe has stated on several occasions that she is miscasting herself by overemphasizing style.[45][108]
Work undertaken and causes promoted[link]
Michelle Obama and Carla Bruni
During her early months as First Lady, she visited homeless shelters and soup kitchens.[109] She also sent representatives to schools and advocated public service.[109][110] On her first trip abroad in April 2009, she toured a cancer ward with Sarah Brown, wife of British Prime Minister Gordon Brown.[111] She has begun advocating on behalf of military families.[112] Like her predecessors Clinton and Bush, who supported the organic movement by instructing the White House kitchens to buy organic food, Obama has received attention by planting an organic garden and installing bee hives on the South Lawn of the White House, which will supply organic produce and honey to the First Family and for state dinners and other official gatherings.[113][114]
Obama has become an advocate of her husband's policy priorities by promoting bills that support it. Following the enactment of the Pay equity law, Obama hosted a White House reception for women's rights advocates in celebration. She has pronounced her support for the economic stimulus bill in visits to the United States Department of Housing and Urban Development and United States Department of Education. Some observers have looked favorably upon her legislative activities, while others have said that she should be less involved in politics. According to her representatives, she intends to visit all United States Cabinet-level agencies in order to get acquainted with Washington.[115]
She gained growing public support in her early months as first lady.[109][116] She is notable for her support from military families and some Republicans.[109][112] As the public is growing accustomed to her, she is becoming more accepted as a role model.[109] Newsweek described her first trip abroad as an exhibition of her so-called "star power"[116] and MSN described it as a display of sartorial elegance.[82] There were questions raised in the American and British media regarding protocol when the Obamas met Queen Elizabeth II,[117] and Michelle reciprocated a touch on her back by the Queen during a reception, purportedly against traditional royal etiquette.[117][118] Palace sources denied that any breach in etiquette had occurred.[119]
On June 5, 2009, the White House announced that Michelle Obama was replacing her current chief of staff, Jackie Norris, with Susan Sher, a longtime friend and adviser. Norris will become a senior adviser to the Corporation for National and Community Service.[120] Then in February 2010, the resignation of White House Social Secretary, Desiree Rogers was announced to be effective the following month.[121] Rogers had been at odds with other administration officials, such as David Axelrod, and then the White House State Dinner faux pas occurred on November 24, 2009.[122] Rogers was replaced by Julianna Smoot.[123]
After a year as First Lady, she undertook her first lead role in an administrationwide initiative. Her goal was to make progress in reversing the 21st century trend of childhood obesity.[124] She stated that her goal is to make this effort her legacy: "I want to leave something behind that we can say, ‘Because of this time that this person spent here, this thing has changed.’ And my hope is that that’s going to be in the area of childhood obesity."[124] She has named the movement "Let's Move!".[125] This effort does not supplant her other efforts: supporting military families, helping working women balance career and family, encouraging national service, promoting the arts and arts education, and fostering healthy eating and healthy living for children and families across the country.[126] She has earned widespread publicity on the topic of healthy eating by planting the first White House vegetable garden since Eleanor Roosevelt served as First Lady.[124][127]
References[link]
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- ^ "Michelle Obama's Winning Style". In Style. November 2008. http://www.instyle.com/instyle/package/general/photos/0,,20214895_20238771_20549587,00.html. Retrieved November 17, 2008.
- ^ Kroll, Betsy (December 2008). "6. Michelle Obama's $148 Dress". Time. http://www.time.com/time/specials/2008/top10/article/0,30583,1855948_1863061_1863070,00.html. Retrieved January 8, 2009.
- ^ Zimbalist, Kristina (October 31, 2008). "Purple Reign". Time. http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,1855343,00.html. Retrieved January 8, 2009.
- ^ Givhan, Robin (January 21, 2009). "All Hail the Leader of the Fashionable World". The Washington Post. http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/story/2009/01/20/ST2009012004580.html. Retrieved 2009-10-08.
- ^ See for example: Vanessa Jones, Michelle Obama's right to bare arms, The Boston Globe, March 19, 2009 (retrieved 2009-10-08); Jeannine Stein, Michelle Obama's toned arms are debated. Los Angeles Times, March 29, 2009 (retrieved 2009-10-08)
- ^ a b Serjeant, Jill (February 11, 2009). "Michelle Obama graces cover of Vogue magazine". Thompson Reuters. http://uk.reuters.com/article/usPoliticsNews/idUKTRE51A86320090211. Retrieved February 14, 2009.
- ^ "Michelle Obama makes Vogue cover". BBC. February 11, 2009. http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/americas/7883253.stm. Retrieved February 14, 2009.
- ^ Tschorn, Adam (February 11, 2009). "All the Rage: The Image Staff Muses On The Culture of Keeping Up Appearance in Hollywood and Beyond". Los Angeles Times. http://latimesblogs.latimes.com/alltherage/2009/02/first-look-mich.html. Retrieved February 14, 2009.
- ^ Felchner, Morgan E. (November 14, 2008). "For Mom-in-Chief Michelle Obama and Women Everywhere, It’s About Choice". U.S.News & World Report. http://www.usnews.com/blogs/morgan-felchner/2008/11/14/for-mom-in-chief-michelle-obama-and-women-everywhere-its-about-choice.html. Retrieved January 10, 2009.
- ^ Obama, Michelle (October 17, 2008). "Michelle Obama: As Barack’s First Lady, I Would Work to Help Working Families and Military Families". U.S.News & World Report. http://www.usnews.com/articles/opinion/2008/10/17/michelle-obama-as-baracks-first-lady-i-would-work-to-help-working-families-and-military-families.html. Retrieved January 10, 2009.
- ^ Klaidman, Daniel (November 22, 2008). "The Editor’s Desk". Newsweek. http://www.newsweek.com/id/170435. Retrieved January 9, 2009.
- ^ Erbe, Bonnie (November 13, 2008). "Michelle Obama Is Making Herself a Stay-at-Home Mom, Not the Media". U.S. News & World Report. http://www.usnews.com/blogs/erbe/2008/11/13/michelle-obama-is-making-herself-a-stay-at-home-mom-not-the-media-2.html. Retrieved January 10, 2009.
- ^ Erbe, Bonnie (November 6, 2008). "Barack and Michelle Obama Sound Tone-Deaf on Women's Issues". U.S.News & World Report. http://www.usnews.com/blogs/erbe/2008/11/06/barack-and-michelle-obama-sound-tone-deaf-on-womens-issues.html. Retrieved January 10, 2009.
- ^ a b c d e Romano, Lois (March 31, 2009). "Michelle's Image: From Off-Putting To Spot-On". The Washington Post. http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2009/03/30/AR2009033003332.html. Retrieved April 4, 2009.
- ^ Alter, Jonathan (March 7, 2009). "An Army Of Changemakers". Newsweek. http://www.newsweek.com/id/188270. Retrieved April 6, 2009.
- ^ Scherer, Michael (April 2, 2009). "Michelle Obama Finds Her Role on the World Stage". Time. http://www.time.com/time/world/article/0,8599,1889307,00.html. Retrieved April 6, 2009.
- ^ a b Walsh, Kenneth T. (March 26, 2009). "Michelle Obama Makes Military Families Her Mission: The first lady is often moved by accounts of personal sacrifice by service families". U.S.News & World Report. http://www.usnews.com/articles/news/obama/2009/03/26/michelle-obama-makes-military-families-her-mission.html. Retrieved April 7, 2009.
- ^ Bedard, Paul (March 28, 2009). "Michelle Obama Goes Organic and Brings in the Bees". U.S.News & World Report. http://www.usnews.com/blogs/washington-whispers/2009/3/28/michelle-obama-goes-organic-and-brings-in-the-bees.html. Retrieved April 7, 2009.
- ^ Black, Jane (March 20, 2009). "Shovel-Ready Project: A White House Garden". The Washington Post. http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2009/03/19/AR2009031902886.html. Retrieved May 3, 2009.
- ^ Swarns, Rachel L. (February 7, 2009). "‘Mom in Chief’ Touches on Policy; Tongues Wag". The New York Times. http://www.nytimes.com/2009/02/08/us/politics/08michelle.html. Retrieved April 8, 2009.
- ^ a b Stone, Daniel (April 3, 2009). "Mixed Review". Newsweek. http://www.newsweek.com/id/192394. Retrieved April 4, 2009.
- ^ a b Chua-Eoan, Howard (April 1, 2009). "The Queen and Mrs. Obama: A Breach in Protocol". Time. http://www.time.com/time/world/article/0,8599,1888962,00.html. Retrieved April 6, 2009.
- ^ Bailey, Holly (April 2, 2009). "Touch Her... If You Dare". Newsweek. http://blog.newsweek.com/blogs/thegaggle/archive/2009/04/02/touch-her-if-you-dare.aspx. Retrieved April 6, 2009.
- ^ Bailey, Holly (April 1, 2009). "G-20 Gossip: No Touching, Please". Newsweek. http://blog.newsweek.com/blogs/thegaggle/archive/2009/04/01/g-20-gossip-no-touching-please.aspx. Retrieved April 6, 2009.
- ^ "Michelle Obama gets new chief of staff". UPI. June 5, 2009. http://www.upi.com/Top_News/2009/06/05/Michelle-Obama-gets-new-chief-of-staff/UPI-61071244180466/. Retrieved July 27, 2009.
- ^ Strzemien, Anya (2010-02-26). "Desiree Rogers Stepping Down Next Month". The Huffington Post. http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2010/02/26/desiree-rogers-stepping-d_n_478550.html. Retrieved 2010-04-06.
- ^ Baker, Peter (2010-03-12). "Obama Social Secretary Ran Into Sharp Elbows". The New York Times: p. A1. http://www.nytimes.com/2010/03/12/us/politics/12rogers.html. Retrieved 2010-04-06.
- ^ Kornblut, Anne and Krissah Thompson (2010-03-03). "Julianna Smoot brings an insider's perspective to Obama's inner circle". The Washington Post. http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2010/03/02/AR2010030200941.html?hpid=artslot. Retrieved 2010-04-06.
- ^ a b c Stolberg, Sheryl Gay (2010-01-14). "After a Year of Learning, the First Lady Seeks Out a Legacy". The New York Times: p. A20. http://www.nytimes.com/2010/01/14/us/14michelle.html. Retrieved 2010-04-06.
- ^ Darensbourg, Lauren (2011-05-27). "Let’s Move!". Letsmove.gov. http://letsmove.gov/. Retrieved 2011-08-10.
- ^ "First Lady Michelle Obama". Whitehouse.gov. http://www.whitehouse.gov/administration/first-lady-michelle-obama/. Retrieved 2010-04-06.
- ^ "White House Photo Blog: Wednesday, June 17, 2009: First Garden". Time. 2009-06-17. http://www.time.com/time/politics/whitehouse/photos/0,27424,1905324,00.html. Retrieved 2010-04-07.
Further reading[link]
- David Colbert (December 2008). Michelle Obama, An American Story. Houghton Mifflin Harcourt. ISBN 0-547-24770-2.
- Elizabeth Lightfoot (December 2008). Michelle Obama: First Lady of Hope. The Lyons Press. ISBN 1-59921-521-7.
- Liza Mundy (October 2008). Michelle Obama, A Life. Simon & Schuster. ISBN 1-4165-9943-6.
External links[link]
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Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Michelle Obama |
 |
Wikiquote has a collection of quotations related to: Michelle Obama |
- First Lady Michelle Obama at Whitehouse.gov
- "About Michelle Obama" at BarackObama.com
- Appearances on C-SPAN
- Michelle Obama at the Internet Movie Database
- Michelle Obama at TED Conferences
- Works by or about Michelle Obama in libraries (WorldCat catalog)
- Michelle Obama at the Notable Names Database
- Michelle Obama collected news and commentary at Chicago Tribune
- Michelle Obama collected news and commentary at The New York Times
- Michelle Obama collected news and commentary at U.S.News & World Report
- Michelle Obama On Love, Family & Politics, interview with Katie Couric of CBS News, February 15, 2008
- Photoessay in Newsweek
| Honorary titles | ||
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| Preceded by Laura Bush |
First Lady of the United States 2009–present |
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| Honorary Chair of the President's Committee on the Arts and Humanities Serving with Chairwoman Adair Wakefield Margo 2009–present |
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| Persondata | |
|---|---|
| Name | Obama, Michelle |
| Alternative names | Obama, Michelle LaVaughn Robinson; Robinson, Michelle |
| Short description | Wife of the 44th President of the United States |
| Date of birth | January 17, 1964 |
| Place of birth | Chicago, Illinois |
| Date of death | |
| Place of death | |
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This page contains text from Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michelle_Obama
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This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, which means that you can copy and modify it as long as the entire work (including additions) remains under this license.
"Barack" and "Obama" redirect here. For other uses, see Barak (disambiguation) and Obama (disambiguation). For President Obama's father, the Kenyan economist, see Barack Obama, Sr.
| Barack Obama | |
|---|---|
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| 44th President of the United States | |
| Incumbent | |
| Assumed office January 20, 2009 |
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| Vice President | Joe Biden |
| Preceded by | George W. Bush |
| United States Senator from Illinois |
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| In office January 3, 2005 – November 16, 2008 |
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| Preceded by | Peter Fitzgerald |
| Succeeded by | Roland Burris |
| Member of the Illinois Senate from the 13th District |
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| In office January 8, 1997 – November 4, 2004 |
|
| Preceded by | Alice Palmer |
| Succeeded by | Kwame Raoul |
| Personal details | |
| Born | Barack Hussein Obama II (1961-08-04) August 4, 1961 (age 50)[1] Honolulu, Hawaii, U.S.[2] |
| Political party | Democratic |
| Spouse(s) | Michelle Robinson (1992–present) |
| Children | Malia (born 1998) Sasha (born 2001) |
| Residence | White House (Official) Chicago, Illinois (Private) |
| Alma mater | Occidental College Columbia University (B.A.) Harvard Law School (J.D.) |
| Profession | Community organizer Lawyer Constitutional law professor Author |
| Religion | Christianity[3] |
| Awards | Nobel Peace Prize |
| Signature |  |
| Website | barackobama.com |
|
This article is part of a series on Barack Obama |
|---|---|
Barack Hussein Obama II (i/bəˈrɑːk huːˈseɪn oʊˈbɑːmə/; born August 4, 1961) is the 44th and current President of the United States. He is the first African American to hold the office. In January 2005, Obama was sworn in as a U.S. Senator in the state of Illinois. He would hold this office until November 2008, when he resigned following his victory in the 2008 presidential election.
Born in Honolulu, Hawaii, Obama is a graduate of Columbia University and Harvard Law School, where he was the president of the Harvard Law Review. He was a community organizer in Chicago before earning his law degree. He worked as a civil rights attorney in Chicago and taught constitutional law at the University of Chicago Law School from 1992 to 2004. He served three terms representing the 13th District in the Illinois Senate from 1997 to 2004.
Following an unsuccessful bid against the Democratic incumbent for a seat in the United States House of Representatives in 2000, Obama ran for the United States Senate in 2004. Several events brought him to national attention during the campaign, including his victory in the March 2004 Illinois Democratic primary for the Senate election and his keynote address at the Democratic National Convention in July 2004. He won election to the U.S. Senate in Illinois in November 2004. His presidential campaign began in February 2007, and after a close campaign in the 2008 Democratic Party presidential primaries against Hillary Rodham Clinton, he won his party's nomination. In the 2008 presidential election, he defeated Republican nominee John McCain, and was inaugurated as president on January 20, 2009. Nine months later, Obama was named the 2009 Nobel Peace Prize laureate. In April 2011, he announced that he would be running for re-election in 2012.
As president, Obama signed economic stimulus legislation in the form of the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 and the Tax Relief, Unemployment Insurance Reauthorization, and Job Creation Act of 2010. Other domestic policy initiatives include the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act, the Dodd–Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act, the Don't Ask, Don't Tell Repeal Act of 2010, and the Budget Control Act of 2011. In May 2012, he became the first sitting U.S. president to openly support legalizing same-sex marriage. In foreign policy, he ended the war in Iraq, increased troop levels in Afghanistan, signed the New START arms control treaty with Russia, ordered U.S. involvement in the 2011 Libya military intervention, and ordered the military operation that resulted in the death of Osama bin Laden.
Contents |
Early life and career[link]
Main article: Early life and career of Barack Obama
Obama was born on August 4, 1961, at Kapiʻolani Maternity & Gynecological Hospital (now Kapiʻolani Medical Center for Women and Children) in Honolulu, Hawaii,[2][4][5] and is the first President to have been born in Hawaii.[6] His mother, Stanley Ann Dunham, was born in Wichita, Kansas, and was of mostly English ancestry,[7] along with Scottish, Irish, German, and Swiss.[8][9][10][11][12] His father, Barack Obama, Sr., was a Luo from Nyang’oma Kogelo, Nyanza Province, Kenya. Obama's parents met in 1960 in a Russian class at the University of Hawaiʻi at Mānoa, where his father was a foreign student on scholarship.[13][14] The couple married on February 2, 1961,[15] separated when Obama Sr. went to Harvard University on scholarship, and divorced in 1964.[13] Obama Sr. remarried and returned to Kenya, visiting Barack in Hawaii only once, in 1971. He died in an automobile accident in 1982.[16]
After her divorce, Dunham married Indonesian Lolo Soetoro, who was attending college in Hawaii. When Suharto, a military leader in Soetoro's home country, came to power in 1967, all Indonesian students studying abroad were recalled, and the family moved to the Menteng neighborhood of Jakarta.[4][17] From ages six to ten, Obama attended local schools in Jakarta, including Besuki Public School and St. Francis of Assisi School.[18]
File:Ann Dunham with father and children.jpg
Barack Obama with his half-sister Maya Soetoro-Ng, mother Ann Dunham and grandfather Stanley Dunham, in Hawaii
In 1971, Obama returned to Honolulu to live with his maternal grandparents, Madelyn and Stanley Armour Dunham, and with the aid of a scholarship attended Punahou School, a private college preparatory school, from fifth grade until his graduation from high school in 1979.[19] Obama's mother returned to Hawaii in 1972, remaining there until 1977 when she went back to Indonesia to work as an anthropological field worker. She finally returned to Hawaii in 1994 and lived there for one year before dying of ovarian cancer.[15][20]
Of his early childhood, Obama recalled, "That my father looked nothing like the people around me—that he was black as pitch, my mother white as milk—barely registered in my mind."[14] He described his struggles as a young adult to reconcile social perceptions of his multiracial heritage.[21] Reflecting later on his years in Honolulu, Obama wrote: "The opportunity that Hawaii offered—to experience a variety of cultures in a climate of mutual respect—became an integral part of my world view, and a basis for the values that I hold most dear."[22] Obama has also written and talked about using alcohol, marijuana, and cocaine during his teenage years to "push questions of who I was out of my mind."[23] At the 2008 Civil Forum on the Presidency, Obama described his high-school drug use as a great moral failure.[24]
Following high school, Obama moved to Los Angeles in 1979 to attend Occidental College. In February 1981, he made his first public speech, calling for Occidental to divest from South Africa in response to its policy of apartheid.[25] In mid-1981, Obama traveled to Indonesia to visit his mother and sister Maya, and visited the families of college friends in Pakistan and India for three weeks.[25] Later in 1981, he transferred to Columbia University in New York City, where he majored in political science with a specialty in international relations[26] and graduated with a Bachelor of Arts in 1983. He worked for a year at the Business International Corporation,[27] then at the New York Public Interest Research Group.[28][29]
Chicago community organizer and Harvard Law School[link]
Two years after graduating, Obama was hired in Chicago as director of the Developing Communities Project (DCP), a church-based community organization originally comprising eight Catholic parishes in Roseland, West Pullman, and Riverdale on Chicago's South Side. He worked there as a community organizer from June 1985 to May 1988.[29][30] He helped set up a job training program, a college preparatory tutoring program, and a tenants' rights organization in Altgeld Gardens.[31] Obama also worked as a consultant and instructor for the Gamaliel Foundation, a community organizing institute.[32] In mid-1988, he traveled for the first time in Europe for three weeks and then for five weeks in Kenya, where he met many of his paternal relatives for the first time.[33] He returned to Kenya in August 2006 for a visit to his father's birthplace, a village near Kisumu in rural western Kenya.[34]
In late 1988, Obama entered Harvard Law School. He was selected as an editor of the Harvard Law Review at the end of his first year,[35] and president of the journal in his second year.[31][36] During his summers, he returned to Chicago, where he worked as an associate at the law firms of Sidley Austin in 1989 and Hopkins & Sutter in 1990.[37] After graduating with a J.D. magna cum laude[38] from Harvard in 1991, he returned to Chicago.[35] Obama's election as the first black president of the Harvard Law Review gained national media attention[31][36] and led to a publishing contract and advance for a book about race relations,[39] which evolved into a personal memoir. The manuscript was published in mid-1995 as Dreams from My Father.[39]
University of Chicago Law School and civil rights attorney[link]
In 1991, Obama accepted a two-year position as Visiting Law and Government Fellow at the University of Chicago Law School to work on his first book.[39][40] He then taught at the University of Chicago Law School for twelve years—as a Lecturer from 1992 to 1996, and as a Senior Lecturer from 1996 to 2004—teaching constitutional law.[41]
From April to October 1992, Obama directed Illinois's Project Vote, a voter registration campaign with ten staffers and seven hundred volunteer registrars; it achieved its goal of registering 150,000 of 400,000 unregistered African Americans in the state, leading Crain's Chicago Business to name Obama to its 1993 list of "40 under Forty" powers to be.[42] In 1993, he joined Davis, Miner, Barnhill & Galland, a 13-attorney law firm specializing in civil rights litigation and neighborhood economic development, where he was an associate for three years from 1993 to 1996, then of counsel from 1996 to 2004. His law license became inactive in 2002.[43]
From 1994 to 2002, Obama served on the boards of directors of the Woods Fund of Chicago, which in 1985 had been the first foundation to fund the Developing Communities Project; and of the Joyce Foundation.[29] He served on the board of directors of the Chicago Annenberg Challenge from 1995 to 2002, as founding president and chairman of the board of directors from 1995 to 1999.[29]
Legislative career: 1997–2008[link]
State Senator: 1997–2004[link]
Main article: Illinois Senate career of Barack Obama
Obama was elected to the Illinois Senate in 1996, succeeding State Senator Alice Palmer as Senator from Illinois's 13th District, which at that time spanned Chicago South Side neighborhoods from Hyde Park – Kenwood south to South Shore and west to Chicago Lawn.[44] Once elected, Obama gained bipartisan support for legislation that reformed ethics and health care laws.[45] He sponsored a law that increased tax credits for low-income workers, negotiated welfare reform, and promoted increased subsidies for childcare.[46] In 2001, as co-chairman of the bipartisan Joint Committee on Administrative Rules, Obama supported Republican Governor Ryan's payday loan regulations and predatory mortgage lending regulations aimed at averting home foreclosures.[47]
Obama was reelected to the Illinois Senate in 1998, defeating Republican Yesse Yehudah in the general election, and was reelected again in 2002.[48] In 2000, he lost a Democratic primary run for the U.S. House of Representatives to four-term incumbent Bobby Rush by a margin of two to one.[49]
In January 2003, Obama became chairman of the Illinois Senate's Health and Human Services Committee when Democrats, after a decade in the minority, regained a majority.[50] He sponsored and led unanimous, bipartisan passage of legislation to monitor racial profiling by requiring police to record the race of drivers they detained, and legislation making Illinois the first state to mandate videotaping of homicide interrogations.[46][51] During his 2004 general election campaign for U.S. Senate, police representatives credited Obama for his active engagement with police organizations in enacting death penalty reforms.[52] Obama resigned from the Illinois Senate in November 2004 following his election to the U.S. Senate.[53]
U.S. Senate campaign[link]
In May 2002, Obama commissioned a poll to assess his prospects in a 2004 U.S. Senate race; he created a campaign committee, began raising funds, and lined up political media consultant David Axelrod by August 2002. Obama formally announced his candidacy in January 2003.[54]
Obama was an early opponent of the George W. Bush administration's 2003 invasion of Iraq.[55] On October 2, 2002, the day President Bush and Congress agreed on the joint resolution authorizing the Iraq War,[56] Obama addressed the first high-profile Chicago anti-Iraq War rally,[57] and spoke out against the war.[58] He addressed another anti-war rally in March 2003 and told the crowd that "it's not too late" to stop the war.[59]
Decisions by Republican incumbent Peter Fitzgerald and his Democratic predecessor Carol Moseley Braun to not participate in the election resulted in wide-open Democratic and Republican primary contests involving fifteen candidates.[60] In the March 2004 primary election, Obama won in an unexpected landslide—which overnight made him a rising star within the national Democratic Party, started speculation about a presidential future, and led to the reissue of his memoir, Dreams from My Father.[61] In July 2004, Obama delivered the keynote address at the 2004 Democratic National Convention,[62] seen by 9.1 million viewers. His speech was well received and elevated his status within the Democratic Party.[63]
Obama's expected opponent in the general election, Republican primary winner Jack Ryan, withdrew from the race in June 2004.[64] Six weeks later, Alan Keyes accepted the Republican nomination to replace Ryan.[65] In the November 2004 general election, Obama won with 70 percent of the vote.[66]
U.S. Senator: 2005–2008[link]
Main article: United States Senate career of Barack Obama
Obama was sworn in as a senator on January 3, 2005,[67] becoming the only Senate member of the Congressional Black Caucus.[68] CQ Weekly characterized him as a "loyal Democrat" based on analysis of all Senate votes in 2005–2007. Obama announced on November 13, 2008, that he would resign his Senate seat on November 16, 2008, before the start of the lame-duck session, to focus on his transition period for the presidency.[69]
Legislation[link]
Obama cosponsored the Secure America and Orderly Immigration Act.[70] He introduced two initiatives that bore his name: Lugar–Obama, which expanded the Nunn–Lugar cooperative threat reduction concept to conventional weapons;[71] and the Federal Funding Accountability and Transparency Act of 2006, which authorized the establishment of USAspending.gov, a web search engine on federal spending.[72] On June 3, 2008, Senator Obama—along with Senators Tom Carper, Tom Coburn, and John McCain—introduced follow-up legislation: Strengthening Transparency and Accountability in Federal Spending Act of 2008.[73]
Obama sponsored legislation that would have required nuclear plant owners to notify state and local authorities of radioactive leaks, but the bill failed to pass in the full Senate after being heavily modified in committee.[74] Regarding tort reform, Obama voted for the Class Action Fairness Act of 2005 and the FISA Amendments Act of 2008, which grants immunity from civil liability to telecommunications companies complicit with NSA warrantless wiretapping operations.[75]
In December 2006, President Bush signed into law the Democratic Republic of the Congo Relief, Security, and Democracy Promotion Act, marking the first federal legislation to be enacted with Obama as its primary sponsor.[77] In January 2007, Obama and Senator Feingold introduced a corporate jet provision to the Honest Leadership and Open Government Act, which was signed into law in September 2007.[78] Obama also introduced Deceptive Practices and Voter Intimidation Prevention Act, a bill to criminalize deceptive practices in federal elections,[79] and the Iraq War De-Escalation Act of 2007,[80] neither of which was signed into law.
Later in 2007, Obama sponsored an amendment to the Defense Authorization Act to add safeguards for personality-disorder military discharges.[81] This amendment passed the full Senate in the spring of 2008.[82] He sponsored the Iran Sanctions Enabling Act supporting divestment of state pension funds from Iran's oil and gas industry, which has not passed committee; and co-sponsored legislation to reduce risks of nuclear terrorism.[83] Obama also sponsored a Senate amendment to the State Children's Health Insurance Program, providing one year of job protection for family members caring for soldiers with combat-related injuries.[84]
Committees[link]
Obama held assignments on the Senate Committees for Foreign Relations, Environment and Public Works, and Veterans' Affairs through December 2006.[85] In January 2007, he left the Environment and Public Works committee and took additional assignments with Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions and Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs.[86] He also became Chairman of the Senate's subcommittee on European Affairs.[87] As a member of the Senate Foreign Relations Committee, Obama made official trips to Eastern Europe, the Middle East, Central Asia and Africa. He met with Mahmoud Abbas before Abbas became President of the Palestinian National Authority, and gave a speech at the University of Nairobi in which he condemned corruption within the Kenyan government.[88]
Presidential campaigns[link]
2008 presidential campaign[link]
Main articles: United States presidential election, 2008, Barack Obama presidential primary campaign, 2008, and Barack Obama presidential campaign, 2008
On February 10, 2007, Obama announced his candidacy for President of the United States in front of the Old State Capitol building in Springfield, Illinois.[89][90] The choice of the announcement site was viewed as symbolic because it was also where Abraham Lincoln delivered his historic "House Divided" speech in 1858.[89][91] Obama emphasized issues of rapidly ending the Iraq War, increasing energy independence, and providing universal health care,[92] in a campaign that projected themes of "hope" and "change".[93]
A large number of candidates entered the Democratic Party presidential primaries. The field narrowed to a duel between Obama and Senator Hillary Rodham Clinton after early contests, with the race remaining close throughout the primary process but with Obama gaining a steady lead in pledged delegates due to better long-range planning, superior fundraising, dominant organizing in caucus states, and better exploitation of delegate allocation rules.[94] On June 7, 2008, Clinton ended her campaign and endorsed Obama.[95]
On August 23, Obama announced his selection of Delaware Senator Joe Biden as his vice presidential running mate.[96] Biden was selected from a field speculated to include former Indiana Governor and Senator Evan Bayh and Virginia Governor Tim Kaine.[97] At the Democratic National Convention in Denver, Colorado, Hillary Clinton called for her supporters to endorse Obama, and she and Bill Clinton gave convention speeches in his support.[98] Obama delivered his acceptance speech, not at the center where the Democratic National Convention was held, but at Invesco Field at Mile High to a crowd of over 75,000; the speech was viewed by over 38 million people worldwide.[99][100]
During both the primary process and the general election, Obama's campaign set numerous fundraising records, particularly in the quantity of small donations.[101] On June 19, 2008, Obama became the first major-party presidential candidate to turn down public financing in the general election since the system was created in 1976.[102]
McCain was nominated as the Republican candidate and the two engaged in three presidential debates in September and October 2008.[103] On November 4, Obama won the presidency with 365 electoral votes to 173 received by McCain.[104] Obama won 52.9 percent of the popular vote to McCain's 45.7 percent.[105] He became the first African American to be elected president.[106] Obama delivered his victory speech before hundreds of thousands of supporters in Chicago's Grant Park.[107]
2012 presidential campaign[link]
Main articles: United States presidential election, 2012 and Barack Obama presidential campaign, 2012
On April 4, 2011, Obama announced his re-election campaign for 2012 in a video titled "It Begins with Us" that he posted on his website and filed election papers with the Federal Election Commission.[108][109][110] As the incumbent president he ran almost unopposed in the Democratic Party presidential primaries,[111] and on April 3, 2012, Obama had secured the 2778 convention delegates needed to win the Democratic nomination.[112]
Presidency[link]
Main article: Presidency of Barack Obama
See also: Confirmations of Barack Obama's Cabinet and List of presidential trips made by Barack Obama
First days[link]
The inauguration of Barack Obama as the 44th President, and Joe Biden as Vice President, took place on January 20, 2009. In his first few days in office, Obama issued executive orders and presidential memoranda directing the U.S. military to develop plans to withdraw troops from Iraq.[113] He ordered the closing of the Guantanamo Bay detention camp,[114] but Congress prevented the closure by refusing to appropriate the required funds.[115][116][117] Obama reduced the secrecy given to presidential records,[118] and changed procedures to promote disclosure under the Freedom of Information Act.[119] He also reversed George W. Bush's ban on federal funding to foreign establishments that allow abortions.[120]
Domestic policy[link]
The first bill signed into law by Obama was the Lilly Ledbetter Fair Pay Act of 2009, relaxing the statute of limitations for equal-pay lawsuits.[121] Five days later, he signed the reauthorization of the State Children's Health Insurance Program (SCHIP) to cover an additional 4 million uninsured children.[122] In March 2009, Obama reversed a Bush-era policy which had limited funding of embryonic stem cell research and pledged to develop "strict guidelines" on the research.[123]
Obama appointed two women to serve on the Supreme Court in the first two years of his Presidency. Sonia Sotomayor, nominated by Obama on May 26, 2009, to replace retiring Associate Justice David Souter, was confirmed on August 6, 2009,[124] becoming the first Hispanic to be a Supreme Court Justice.[125] Elena Kagan, nominated by Obama on May 10, 2010, to replace retiring Associate Justice John Paul Stevens, was confirmed on August 5, 2010, bringing the number of women sitting simultaneously on the Court to three, for the first time in American history.[126]
On September 30, 2009, the Obama administration proposed new regulations on power plants, factories and oil refineries in an attempt to limit greenhouse gas emissions and to curb global warming.[127][128]
On October 8, 2009, Obama signed the Matthew Shepard and James Byrd, Jr. Hate Crimes Prevention Act, a measure that expands the 1969 United States federal hate-crime law to include crimes motivated by a victim's actual or perceived gender, sexual orientation, gender identity, or disability.[129][130]
On March 30, 2010, Obama signed the Health Care and Education Reconciliation Act, a reconciliation bill which ends the process of the federal government giving subsidies to private banks to give out federally insured loans, increases the Pell Grant scholarship award, and makes changes to the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act.[131][132]
In a major space policy speech in April 2010, Obama announced a planned change in direction at NASA, the U.S. space agency. He ended plans for a return of human spaceflight to the moon and development of the Ares I rocket, Ares V rocket and Constellation program, in favor of funding Earth science projects, a new rocket type, and research and development for an eventual manned mission to Mars, and ongoing missions to the International Space Station.[133]
On December 22, 2010, Obama signed the Don't Ask, Don't Tell Repeal Act of 2010, fulfilling a key promise made in the 2008 presidential campaign[134][135] to end the Don't ask, don't tell policy of 1993 that had prevented gay and lesbian people from serving openly in the United States Armed Forces.[136]
President Obama's 2011 State of the Union Address focused on themes of education and innovation, stressing the importance of innovation economics to make the United States more competitive globally. He spoke of a five-year freeze in domestic spending, eliminating tax breaks for oil companies and reversing tax cuts for wealthy Americans, banning congressional earmarks, and reducing healthcare costs. He promised that the United States would have one million electric vehicles on the road by 2015 and would be 80% reliant on "clean" electricity.[137][138]
As a candidate for the Illinois state senate Obama had said in 1996 that he favored legalizing same-sex marriage;[139] but by the time of his run for the U.S. senate in 2004, he said that while he supported civil unions and domestic partnerships for same-sex partners, for strategic reasons he opposed same-sex marriages.[140] On May 9, 2012, shortly after the official launch of his campaign for re-election as president, Obama said his views had evolved, and he publicly affirmed his personal support for the legalization of same-sex marriage, becoming the first sitting U.S. president to do so.[141][142]
Economic policy[link]
Main article: Economic policy of Barack Obama
On February 17, 2009, Obama signed the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009, a $787 billion economic stimulus package aimed at helping the economy recover from the deepening worldwide recession.[143] The act includes increased federal spending for health care, infrastructure, education, various tax breaks and incentives, and direct assistance to individuals,[144] which is being distributed over the course of several years.
In March, Obama's Treasury Secretary, Timothy Geithner, took further steps to manage the financial crisis, including introducing the Public-Private Investment Program for Legacy Assets, which contains provisions for buying up to $2 trillion in depreciated real estate assets.[145] Obama intervened in the troubled automotive industry[146] in March 2009, renewing loans for General Motors and Chrysler to continue operations while reorganizing. Over the following months the White House set terms for both firms' bankruptcies, including the sale of Chrysler to Italian automaker Fiat[147] and a reorganization of GM giving the U.S. government a temporary 60 percent equity stake in the company, with the Canadian government shouldering a 12 percent stake.[148] In June 2009, dissatisfied with the pace of economic stimulus, Obama called on his cabinet to accelerate the investment.[149] He signed into law the Car Allowance Rebate System, known colloquially as "Cash for Clunkers", that temporarily boosted the economy.[150][151][152]
Although spending and loan guarantees from the Federal Reserve and the Treasury Department authorized by the Bush and Obama administrations totaled about $11.5 trillion, only $3 trillion had been spent by the end of November 2009.[153] However, Obama and the Congressional Budget Office predicted that the 2010 budget deficit will be $1.5 trillion or 10.6 percent of the nation's gross domestic product (GDP) compared to the 2009 deficit of $1.4 trillion or 9.9 percent of GDP.[154][155] For 2011, the administration predicted the deficit will slightly shrink to $1.34 trillion, while the 10-year deficit will increase to $8.53 trillion or 90 percent of GDP.[156] The most recent increase in the U.S. debt ceiling to $16.4 trillion was signed into law on January 26, 2012.[157] On August 2, 2011, after a lengthy congressional debate over whether to raise the nation's debt limit, Obama signed the bipartisan Budget Control Act of 2011. The legislation enforces limits on discretionary spending until 2021, establishes a procedure to increase the debt limit, creates a Congressional Joint Select Committee on Deficit Reduction to propose further deficit reduction with a stated goal of achieving at least $1.5 trillion in budgetary savings over 10 years, and establishes automatic procedures for reducing spending by as much as $1.2 trillion if legislation originating with the new joint select committee does not achieve such savings.[158] By passing the legislation, Congress was able to prevent an unprecedented U.S. government default on its obligations.[159]
The unemployment rate rose in 2009, reaching a peak in October at 10.1 percent and averaging 10.0 percent in the fourth quarter. Following a decrease to 9.7 percent in the first quarter of 2010, the unemployment rate fell to 9.6 percent in the second quarter, where it remained for the rest of the year.[162] Between February and December 2010, employment rose by 0.8 percent, which was less than the average of 1.9 percent experienced during comparable periods in the past four employment recoveries.[163] GDP growth returned in the third quarter of 2009, expanding at a rate of 1.6 percent, followed by a 5.0 percent increase in the fourth quarter.[164] Growth continued in 2010, posting an increase of 3.7 percent in the first quarter, with lesser gains throughout the rest of the year.[164] In July 2010, the Federal Reserve expressed that although economic activity continued to increase, its pace had slowed, and Chairman Ben Bernanke stated that the economic outlook was "unusually uncertain."[165] Overall, the economy expanded at a rate of 2.9 percent in 2010.[166]
The Congressional Budget Office and a broad range of economists credit Obama's stimulus plan for economic growth.[167][168] The CBO released a report stating that the stimulus bill increased employment by 1–2.1 million,[168][169][170][171] while conceding that "It is impossible to determine how many of the reported jobs would have existed in the absence of the stimulus package."[167] Although an April 2010 survey of members of the National Association for Business Economics showed an increase in job creation (over a similar January survey) for the first time in two years, 73 percent of 68 respondents believed that the stimulus bill has had no impact on employment.[172]
Within a month of the 2010 midterm elections, Obama announced a compromise deal with the Congressional Republican leadership that included a temporary, two-year extension of the 2001 and 2003 income tax rates, a one-year payroll tax reduction, continuation of unemployment benefits, and a new rate and exemption amount for estate taxes.[173] The compromise overcame opposition from some in both parties, and the resulting $858 billion Tax Relief, Unemployment Insurance Reauthorization, and Job Creation Act of 2010 passed with bipartisan majorities in both houses of Congress before Obama signed it on December 17, 2010.[174]
Health care reform[link]
Main article: Health care reform in the United States
Obama called for Congress to pass legislation reforming health care in the United States, a key campaign promise and a top legislative goal.[175] He proposed an expansion of health insurance coverage to cover the uninsured, to cap premium increases, and to allow people to retain their coverage when they leave or change jobs. His proposal was to spend $900 billion over 10 years and include a government insurance plan, also known as the public option, to compete with the corporate insurance sector as a main component to lowering costs and improving quality of health care. It would also make it illegal for insurers to drop sick people or deny them coverage for pre-existing conditions, and require every American carry health coverage. The plan also includes medical spending cuts and taxes on insurance companies that offer expensive plans.[176][177]
On July 14, 2009, House Democratic leaders introduced a 1,017-page plan for overhauling the U.S. health care system, which Obama wanted Congress to approve by the end of 2009.[175] After much public debate during the Congressional summer recess of 2009, Obama delivered a speech to a joint session of Congress on September 9 where he addressed concerns over the proposals.[178] In March 2009, Obama lifted a ban on stem cell research.[179]
File:PPACA Premium Chart.jpg
Maximum Out-of-Pocket Premium as Percentage of Family Income and federal poverty level, under Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act, starting in 2014. (Source: CRS)
On November 7, 2009, a health care bill featuring the public option was passed in the House.[180][181] On December 24, 2009, the Senate passed its own bill—without a public option—on a party-line vote of 60–39.[182] On March 21, 2010, the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act passed by the Senate in December was passed in the House by a vote of 219 to 212.[183] Obama signed the bill into law on March 23, 2010.[184]
The Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act includes health-related provisions to take effect over four years, including expanding Medicaid eligibility for people making up to 133 percent of the federal poverty level (FPL) starting in 2014,[185] subsidizing insurance premiums for people making up to 400 percent of the FPL ($88,000 for family of four in 2010) so their maximum "out-of-pocket" payment for annual premiums will be from 2 to 9.5 percent of income,[186][187] providing incentives for businesses to provide health care benefits, prohibiting denial of coverage and denial of claims based on pre-existing conditions, establishing health insurance exchanges, prohibiting annual coverage caps, and support for medical research. According to White House and Congressional Budget Office figures, the maximum share of income that enrollees would have to pay would vary depending on their income relative to the federal poverty level.[186][188]
The costs of these provisions are offset by taxes, fees, and cost-saving measures, such as new Medicare taxes for those in high-income brackets, taxes on indoor tanning, cuts to the Medicare Advantage program in favor of traditional Medicare, and fees on medical devices and pharmaceutical companies;[189] there is also a tax penalty for those who do not obtain health insurance, unless they are exempt due to low income or other reasons.[190] In March, 2010, the Congressional Budget Office estimated that the net effect of both laws will be a reduction in the federal deficit by $143 billion over the first decade.[191]
In March 2012, the Supreme Court heard arguments by a coalition of 26 states maintaining that it is unconstitutional to force individuals to buy health insurance.[192]
Gulf of Mexico oil spill[link]
On April 20, 2010, an explosion destroyed an offshore drilling rig at the Macondo Prospect in the Gulf of Mexico, causing a major sustained oil leak. The well's operator, BP, initiated a containment and cleanup plan, and began drilling two relief wells intended to stop the flow. Obama visited the Gulf on May 2 among visits by members of his cabinet, and again on May 28 and June 4. On May 22, he announced a federal investigation and formed a bipartisan commission to recommend new safety standards, after a review by Secretary of the Interior Ken Salazar and concurrent Congressional hearings. On May 27, he announced a 6-month moratorium on new deepwater drilling permits and leases, pending regulatory review.[193] As multiple efforts by BP failed, some in the media and public expressed confusion and criticism over various aspects of the incident, and stated a desire for more involvement by Obama and the federal government.[194]
Foreign policy[link]
Main articles: Foreign policy of the Barack Obama administration and Barack Obama foreign policy
In February and March, Vice President Joe Biden and Secretary of State Hillary Rodham Clinton made separate overseas trips to announce a "new era" in U.S. foreign relations with Russia and Europe, using the terms "break" and "reset" to signal major changes from the policies of the preceding administration.[195] Obama attempted to reach out to Arab leaders by granting his first interview to an Arab cable TV network, Al Arabiya.[196]
On March 19, Obama continued his outreach to the Muslim world, releasing a New Year's video message to the people and government of Iran.[197] This attempt at outreach was rebuffed by the Iranian leadership.[198] In April, Obama gave a speech in Ankara, Turkey, which was well received by many Arab governments.[199] On June 4, 2009, Obama delivered a speech at Cairo University in Egypt calling for "a new beginning" in relations between the Islamic world and the United States and promoting Middle East peace.[200]
On June 26, 2009, in response to the Iranian government's actions towards protesters following Iran's 2009 presidential election, Obama said: "The violence perpetrated against them is outrageous. We see it and we condemn it."[201] On July 7, while in Moscow, he responded to a Vice President Biden comment on a possible Israeli military strike on Iran by saying: "We have said directly to the Israelis that it is important to try and resolve this in an international setting in a way that does not create major conflict in the Middle East."[202]
On September 24, 2009, Obama became the first sitting U.S. president to preside over a meeting of the United Nations Security Council.[203]
In March 2010, Obama took a public stance against plans by the government of Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu to continue building Jewish housing projects in predominantly Arab neighborhoods of East Jerusalem.[204][205] During the same month, an agreement was reached with the administration of Russian President Dmitry Medvedev to replace the 1991 Strategic Arms Reduction Treaty with a new pact reducing the number of long-range nuclear weapons in the arsenals of both countries by about one-third.[206] The New START treaty was signed by Obama and Medvedev in April 2010, and was ratified by the U.S. Senate in December 2010.[207]
On December 6, 2011, he instructed agencies to consider LGBT rights when issuing financial aid to foreign countries.[208]
Iraq War[link]
On February 27, 2009, Obama declared that combat operations in Iraq would end within 18 months. His remarks were made to a group of Marines preparing for deployment to Afghanistan. Obama said, "Let me say this as plainly as I can: By August 31, 2010, our combat mission in Iraq will end."[209] The Obama administration scheduled the withdrawal of combat troops to be completed by August 2010, decreasing troops levels from 142,000 while leaving a transitional force of 35,000 to 50,000 in Iraq until the end of 2011. On August 19, 2010, the last United States combat brigade exited Iraq. The plan is to transition the mission of the remaining troops from combat operations to counter-terrorism and the training, equipping, and advising of Iraqi security forces.[210][211] On August 31, 2010, Obama announced that the United States combat mission in Iraq was over.[212] On October 21, 2011 President Obama announced that all U.S. troops would leave Iraq in time to be, "home for the holidays".[213]
War in Afghanistan[link]
Main article: War in Afghanistan (2001–present)
Early in his presidency, Obama moved to bolster U.S. troop strength in Afghanistan.[214] He announced an increase to U.S. troop levels of 17,000 in February 2009 to "stabilize a deteriorating situation in Afghanistan", an area he said had not received the "strategic attention, direction and resources it urgently requires".[215] He replaced the military commander in Afghanistan, General David D. McKiernan, with former Special Forces commander Lt. Gen. Stanley A. McChrystal in May 2009, indicating that McChrystal's Special Forces experience would facilitate the use of counterinsurgency tactics in the war.[216] On December 1, 2009, Obama announced the deployment of an additional 30,000 military personnel to Afghanistan.[217] He also proposed to begin troop withdrawals 18 months from that date.[218][219] McChrystal was replaced by David Petraeus in June 2010, after McChrystal's staff criticized White House personnel in a magazine article.[220]
Israel[link]
During the initial years of the Obama administration, the U.S. increased military cooperation with Israel, including a record number of U.S. troops participating in military exercises in the country, increased military aid, the re-establishment of the U.S.-Israeli Joint Political Military Group and the Defense Policy Advisory Group, and an increase in visits among high-level military officials of both countries, including Ehud Barak and Admiral Mike Mullen.[221]
In 2011, the United States vetoed a Security Council resolution condemning Israeli settlements, with the United States being the only nation to do so.[222] Obama supports the two-state solution to the Arab–Israeli conflict based on the 1967 borders with land swaps.[223]
War in Libya[link]
Main article: 2011 military intervention in Libya
In March 2011, as forces loyal to Muammar Gaddafi advanced on rebels across Libya, calls for a no-fly zone came from around the world, including Europe, the Arab League, and a resolution[224] passed unanimously by the U.S. Senate.[225] In response to the unanimous passage of United Nations Security Council Resolution 1973 on March 17, Gaddafi who had previously vowed to "show no mercy" to the citizens of Benghazi[226]—announced an immediate cessation of military activities,[227] yet reports came in that his forces continued shelling Misrata. The next day, on Obama's orders, the U.S. military took a lead role in air strikes to destroy the Libyan government's air defense capabilities in order to protect civilians and enforce a no-fly-zone,[228] including the use of Tomahawk missiles, B-2 Spirits, and fighter jets.[229][230][231] Six days later, on March 25, by unanimous vote of all of its 28 members, NATO took over leadership of the effort, dubbed Operation Unified Protector.[232] Some Representatives[233] questioned whether Obama had the constitutional authority to order military action in addition to questioning its cost, structure and aftermath.[234][235]
Osama bin Laden[link]
Main article: Death of Osama bin Laden
See also: The Situation Room (photograph)
Starting with information received in July 2010, intelligence developed by the CIA over the next several months determined what they believed to be the location of Osama bin Laden in a large compound in Abbottabad, Pakistan, a suburban area 35 miles from Islamabad.[236] CIA head Leon Panetta reported this intelligence to President Obama in March 2011.[236] Meeting with his national security advisers over the course of the next six weeks, Obama rejected a plan to bomb the compound, and authorized a "surgical raid" to be conducted by United States Navy SEALs.[236] The operation took place on May 1, 2011, resulting in the death of bin Laden and the seizure of papers and computer drives and disks from the compound.[237][238] Bin Laden's body was identified through DNA testing,[239] and buried at sea several hours later.[240] Within minutes of the President's announcement from Washington, DC, late in the evening on May 1, there were spontaneous celebrations around the country as crowds gathered outside the White House, and at New York City's Ground Zero and Times Square.[237][241] Reaction to the announcement was positive across party lines, including from former Presidents Bill Clinton and George W. Bush,[242] and from many countries around the world.[243]
2010 midterm election[link]
Obama called the November 2, 2010 election, where the Democratic Party lost 63 seats in, and control of, the House of Representatives,[244] "humbling" and a "shellacking".[245] He said that the results came because not enough Americans had felt the effects of the economic recovery.[246]
Cultural and political image[link]
Main article: Public image of Barack Obama
Obama's family history, upbringing, and Ivy League education differ markedly from those of African American politicians who launched their careers in the 1960s through participation in the civil rights movement.[248] Obama is also not a descendant of American slaves.[249] Expressing puzzlement over questions about whether he is "black enough", Obama told an August 2007 meeting of the National Association of Black Journalists that "we're still locked in this notion that if you appeal to white folks then there must be something wrong".[250] Obama acknowledged his youthful image in an October 2007 campaign speech, saying: "I wouldn't be here if, time and again, the torch had not been passed to a new generation."[251]
Obama is frequently referred to as an exceptional orator.[252] During his pre-inauguration transition period and continuing into his presidency, Obama has delivered a series of weekly Internet video addresses.[253]
According to the Gallup Organization, Obama began his presidency with a 68 percent approval rating[254] before gradually declining for the rest of the year, and eventually bottoming out at 41 percent in August 2010,[255] a trend similar to Ronald Reagan's and Bill Clinton's first years in office.[256] He experienced a small poll bounce shortly after the death of Osama bin Laden, which lasted until around June 2011, when his approval numbers dropped back to where they were prior to the operation.[257][258][259] Polls show strong support for Obama in other countries,[260] and before being elected President he has met with prominent foreign figures including then-British Prime Minister Tony Blair,[261] Italy's Democratic Party leader and then Mayor of Rome Walter Veltroni,[262] and French President Nicolas Sarkozy.[263]
In a February 2009 poll conducted by Harris Interactive for France 24 and the International Herald Tribune, Obama was rated as the most respected world leader, as well as the most powerful.[264] In a similar poll conducted by Harris in May 2009, Obama was rated as the most popular world leader, as well as the one figure most people would pin their hopes on for pulling the world out of the economic downturn.[265][266]
Obama won Best Spoken Word Album Grammy Awards for abridged audiobook versions of Dreams from My Father in February 2006 and for The Audacity of Hope in February 2008.[267] His concession speech after the New Hampshire primary was set to music by independent artists as the music video "Yes We Can", which was viewed 10 million times on YouTube in its first month[268] and received a Daytime Emmy Award.[269] In December 2008, Time magazine named Obama as its Person of the Year for his historic candidacy and election, which it described as "the steady march of seemingly impossible accomplishments".[270]
On October 9, 2009, the Norwegian Nobel Committee announced that Obama had won the 2009 Nobel Peace Prize "for his extraordinary efforts to strengthen international diplomacy and cooperation between peoples".[271] Obama accepted this award in Oslo, Norway on December 10, 2009, with "deep gratitude and great humility."[272] The award drew a mixture of praise and criticism from world leaders and media figures.[273][274] Obama is the fourth U.S. president to be awarded the Nobel Peace Prize and the third to become a Nobel laureate while in office.
Family and personal life[link]
Main article: Family of Barack Obama
In a 2006 interview, Obama highlighted the diversity of his extended family: "It's like a little mini-United Nations", he said. "I've got relatives who look like Bernie Mac, and I've got relatives who look like Margaret Thatcher."[275] Obama has a half-sister with whom he was raised, Maya Soetoro-Ng, the daughter of his mother and her Indonesian second husband and seven half-siblings from his Kenyan father's family – six of them living.[276] Obama's mother was survived by her Kansas-born mother, Madelyn Dunham,[277] until her death on November 2, 2008,[278] two days before his election to the Presidency. Obama also has roots in Ireland; he met with his Irish cousins in Moneygall in May 2011.[279] In Dreams from My Father, Obama ties his mother's family history to possible Native American ancestors and distant relatives of Jefferson Davis, President of the Confederate States of America during the American Civil War.[280]
Obama was known as "Barry" in his youth, but asked to be addressed with his given name during his college years.[281] Besides his native English, Obama speaks Indonesian at the conversational level, having learned the language during his four childhood years in Jakarta.[282] He plays basketball, a sport he participated in as a member of his high school's varsity team.[283]
Obama is a well known supporter of the Chicago White Sox, and threw out the first pitch at the 2005 ALCS when he was still a senator.[284] In 2009, he threw out the ceremonial first pitch at the all star game while wearing a White Sox jacket.[285] He is also primarily a Chicago Bears fan in the NFL, but in his childhood and adolescence was a fan of the Pittsburgh Steelers, and recently rooted for them ahead of their victory in Super Bowl XLIII 12 days after Obama took office as President.[286] In 2011, Obama invited the 1985 Bears to the White House; in 1986, the team did not attend due to the Space Shuttle Challenger disaster.[287]
In June 1989, Obama met Michelle Robinson when he was employed as a summer associate at the Chicago law firm of Sidley Austin.[288] Assigned for three months as Obama's adviser at the firm, Robinson joined him at group social functions, but declined his initial requests to date.[289] They began dating later that summer, became engaged in 1991, and were married on October 3, 1992.[290] The couple's first daughter, Malia Ann, was born on July 4, 1998,[291] followed by a second daughter, Natasha ("Sasha"), on June 10, 2001.[292] The Obama daughters attended the private University of Chicago Laboratory Schools. When they moved to Washington, D.C., in January 2009, the girls started at the private Sidwell Friends School.[293] The Obamas have a Portuguese Water Dog named Bo, a gift from Senator Ted Kennedy.[294]
Applying the proceeds of a book deal, the family moved in 2005 from a Hyde Park, Chicago condominium to a $1.6 million house in neighboring Kenwood, Chicago.[295] The purchase of an adjacent lot—and sale of part of it to Obama by the wife of developer, campaign donor and friend Tony Rezko—attracted media attention because of Rezko's subsequent indictment and conviction on political corruption charges that were unrelated to Obama.[296]
In December 2007, Money magazine estimated the Obama family's net worth at $1.3 million.[297] Their 2009 tax return showed a household income of $5.5 million—up from about $4.2 million in 2007 and $1.6 million in 2005—mostly from sales of his books.[298][299] On his 2010 income of $1.7 million, he gave 14 percent to non-profit organizations, including $131,000 to Fisher House Foundation, a charity assisting wounded veterans' families, allowing them to reside near where the veteran is receiving medical treatments.[300][301]
As per the latest financial disclosure, Obama may be worth as much as $10 million.[302]
Obama tried to quit smoking several times, sometimes using nicotine replacement therapy, and, in early 2010, Michelle Obama said that he had successfully quit smoking.[303][304]
Religious views[link]
Obama is a Christian whose religious views developed in his adult life. He wrote in The Audacity of Hope that he "was not raised in a religious household". He described his mother, raised by non-religious parents (whom Obama has specified elsewhere as "non-practicing Methodists and Baptists"), to be detached from religion, yet "in many ways the most spiritually awakened person that I have ever known". He described his father as "raised a Muslim", but a "confirmed atheist" by the time his parents met, and his stepfather as "a man who saw religion as not particularly useful". Obama explained how, through working with black churches as a community organizer while in his twenties, he came to understand "the power of the African-American religious tradition to spur social change".[305]
In an interview with the evangelical periodical Christianity Today, Obama stated: "I am a Christian, and I am a devout Christian. I believe in the redemptive death and resurrection of Jesus Christ. I believe that that faith gives me a path to be cleansed of sin and have eternal life."[306]
On September 27, 2010, Obama released a statement commenting on his religious views saying "I'm a Christian by choice. My family didn't—frankly, they weren't folks who went to church every week. And my mother was one of the most spiritual people I knew, but she didn't raise me in the church. So I came to my Christian faith later in life, and it was because the precepts of Jesus Christ spoke to me in terms of the kind of life that I would want to lead—being my brothers' and sisters' keeper, treating others as they would treat me."[307][308]
Obama was baptized at the Trinity United Church of Christ, a black liberation church, in 1988, and was an active member there for two decades.[309] Obama resigned from Trinity during the Presidential campaign after controversial statements made by Rev. Jeremiah Wright became public.[310] After a prolonged effort to find a church to attend regularly in Washington, Obama announced in June 2009 that his primary place of worship would be the Evergreen Chapel at Camp David.[311]
Notes[link]
- ^ "President Barack Obama". Washington, D.C.: The White House. 2008. http://www.whitehouse.gov/administration/president-obama. Retrieved December 12, 2008.
- ^ a b "Certificate of Live Birth: Barack Hussein Obama II, August 4, 1961, 7:24 pm, Honolulu". Department of Health, State of Hawaii. The White House. April 27, 2011. http://www.whitehouse.gov/sites/default/files/rss_viewer/birth-certificate-long-form.pdf. Retrieved April 27, 2011.
- ^ "American President: Barack Obama". Charlottesville, VA: Miller Center of Public Affairs, University of Virginia. 2009. http://millercenter.org/academic/americanpresident/obama. Retrieved January 23, 2009. "Religion: Christian"
- "The Truth about Barack's Faith". Obama for America. http://www.fightthesmears.com/file_download/2/baracksfaith.pdf. Retrieved April 8, 2011.
- Miller, Lisa (July 18, 2008). "Finding his faith". Newsweek. http://www.newsweek.com/id/145971. Retrieved February 4, 2010. "He is now a Christian, having been baptized in the early 1990s at Trinity United Church of Christ in Chicago."
- Barakat, Matthew (November 17, 2008). "Obama's church choice likely to be scrutinized; D.C. churches have started extending invitations to Obama and his family". Associated Press. MSNBC. http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/27775757. Retrieved January 20, 2009. "The United Church of Christ, the denomination from which Obama resigned when he left Wright's church, issued a written invitation to join a UCC denomination in Washington and resume his connections to the church." .
- "Barack Obama, long time UCC member, inaugurated forty-fourth U.S. President". News. United Church of Christ. January 20, 2009. http://www.ucc.org/news/obama-inauguration.html. Retrieved January 21, 2009. "Barack Obama, who spent more than 20 years as a UCC member, is the forty-fourth President of the United States."
- Sullivan, Amy (June 29, 2009). "The Obama's find a church home—away from home". Time. http://www.time.com/time/nation/article/0,8599,1907610,00.html. Retrieved February 5, 2010. "instead of joining a congregation in Washington, D.C., he will follow in George W. Bush's footsteps and make his primary place of worship Evergreen Chapel, the nondenominational church at Camp David." .
- Kornblut, Anne E. (February 4, 2010). "Obama's spirituality is largely private, but it's influential, advisers say". The Washington Post: p. A6. http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2010/02/03/AR2010020303619.html. Retrieved February 5, 2010. "Obama prays privately ... And when he takes his family to Camp David on the weekends, a Navy chaplain ministers to them, with the daughters attending a form of Sunday school there."
- ^ a b Maraniss, David (August 24, 2008). "Though Obama had to leave to find himself, it is Hawaii that made his rise possible". The Washington Post: p. A22. http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2008/08/23/AR2008082301620.html. Retrieved October 28, 2008.
- ^ Nakaso, Dan (December 22, 2008). "Twin sisters, Obama on parallel paths for years". The Honolulu Advertiser: p. B1. http://the.honoluluadvertiser.com/article/2008/Dec/22/ln/hawaii812220320.html. Retrieved January 22, 2011.
- ^ Rudin, Ken (December 23, 2009). "Today's Junkie segment On TOTN: a political review Of 2009". Talk of the Nation (Political Junkie blog). NPR. http://www.npr.org/blogs/politicaljunkie/2009/12/todays_junkie_segment_on_totn_5.html. Retrieved April 18, 2010. "We began with the historic inauguration on January 20—yes, the first president ever born in Hawaii"
- ^ for Stanley Ann's first name, see Obama (1995, 2004), p. 19.
- ^ Ewen MacAskill in Washington and Nicholas Watt (May 20, 2011). "Obama looks forward to rediscovering his Irish roots on European tour". The Guardian (London). http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/2011/may/20/obama-irish-roots-european-tour. Retrieved August 3, 2011.
- ^ Mason, Jeff (May 23, 2011). "Obama visits family roots in Ireland". Reuters. http://www.reuters.com/article/2011/05/23/us-obama-ireland-idUSTRE74M09F20110523. Retrieved August 3, 2011.
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- Obama (1995, 2004), pp. 44–45.
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- Obama (1995, 2004), Chapters 3 and 4.
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- Obama (1995, 2004), Chapters 4 and 5.
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- Obama (1995, 2004), pp. 93–94.
- for analysis of the political impact of the quote and Obama's more recent admission that he smoked marijuana as a teenager ("When I was a kid, I inhaled"), see:
- Seelye, Katharine Q. (October 24, 2006). "Obama offers more variations from the norm". The New York Times: p. A21. http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9D07E2DB173FF937A15753C1A9609C8B63. Retrieved October 29, 2006.
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- Kovaleski, Serge F. (February 9, 2008). "Old friends say drugs played bit part in Obama's young life". The New York Times: p. A1. http://www.nytimes.com/2008/02/09/us/politics/09obama.html?pagewanted=all. Retrieved May 12, 2010.
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- Remnick, David (2010). The Bridge: The Life and Rise of Barack Obama. New York: Alfred A. Knopf. pp. 98–112. ISBN 978-1-4000-4360-6.
- Obama (1995, 2004), pp. 92–112.
- Mendell (2007), pp. 55–62.
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- Obama (1995, 2004), pp. 133–140.
- Mendell (2007), pp. 62–63.
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- Obama (1995, 2004), pp. 140–295.
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Knoepfle, Peg, ed. (1990). After Alinsky: community organizing in Illinois. Springfield, IL: Sangamon State University. pp. 35–40. ISBN 0-9620873-3-5. "He has also been a consultant and instructor for the Gamaliel Foundation, an organizing institute working throughout the Midwest." - ^ Obama (1995, 2004), pp. 299–437.
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- Obama (1995, 2004), pp. xiii–xvii.
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- ^ "Libya declares ceasefire". New Statesman. UK. http://www.newstatesman.com/blogs/the-staggers/2011/03/fly-zone-ceasefire-libya. Retrieved July 16, 2011.
- ^ "Obama: US to Transfer Lead Role in Libya". RTT Newswire. http://www.rttnews.com/Content/GeneralNews.aspx?Id=1580433&SM=1. Retrieved March 22, 2011.
- ^ "Obama says US efforts in Libya have saved lives, control of operation can be turned over soon". Ventura County Star. Associated Press. http://www.vcstar.com/news/2011/mar/23/ap-news-in-brief/. Retrieved March 22, 2011.
- ^ Ian Pannell (March 21, 2011). "Gaddafi 'not targeted' by allied strikes". BBC. http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-12813757. Retrieved July 3, 2011.
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- ^ "NATO No-Fly Zone over Libya Operation UNIFIED PROTECTOR". NATO. March 25, 2011. http://www.nato.int/nato_static/assets/pdf/pdf_2011_03/20110325_110325-unified-protector-no-fly-zone.pdf.
- ^ Montopoli, Brian (March 22, 2011). "Is Obama's Libya offensive constitutional?". CBS News. http://www.cbsnews.com/8301-503544_162-20045927-503544.html. Retrieved March 22, 2011.
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- ^ "Obama juggles Libya promises, realities". CNN. March 25, 2011. http://www.cnn.com/2011/POLITICS/03/25/obama.libya/index.html?hpt=T1. Retrieved March 26, 2011.
- ^ a b c Mazzetti, Mark; Helene Cooper, Peter Baker (May 3, 2011). "Clues Gradually Led to the Location of Osama bin Laden". The New York Times. http://www.nytimes.com/2011/05/03/world/asia/03intel.html?hp=&pagewanted=all. Retrieved May 4, 2011.
- ^ a b "Osama bin Laden is killed by U.S. forces in Pakistan" – washingtonpost.com Retrieved May 2, 2011
- ^ "Official offers details of bin Laden raid" – newsday.com Retrieved May 2, 2011
- ^ Schabner, Dean; Karen Travers (May 1, 2011). "Osama bin Laden Killed by U.S. Forces in Pakistan". ABC News. http://abcnews.go.com/Blotter/osama-bin-laden-killed/story?id=13505703. Retrieved May 3, 2011.
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- ^ Walsh, Declan; Richard Adams and Ewen MacAskill (May 2, 2011). "Osama bin Laden is dead, Obama announces". The Guardian (London). http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/2011/may/02/osama-bin-laden-dead-obama. Retrieved May 3, 2011.
- ^ Dorning, Mike (May 2, 2011). "Death of Bin Laden May Strengthen Obama's Hand in Domestic, Foreign Policy". Bloomberg News. http://www.bloomberg.com/news/2011-05-02/death-of-bin-laden-may-strengthen-obama-s-hand-in-domestic-foreign-policy.html. Retrieved May 4, 2011.
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- ^ Paul Harris in Oakland and Ewen MacAskill in Washington (November 3, 2010). "US midterm election results herald new political era as Republicans take House". The Guardian (London). http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/2010/nov/03/us-midterm-election-results-tea-party. Retrieved December 22, 2010.
- ^ "Obama calls midterm elections a 'shellacking' for Democrats". The Christian Science Monitor. November 4, 2010. http://www.csmonitor.com/USA/Elections/Vox-News/2010/1104/Obama-calls-midterm-elections-a-shellacking-for-Democrats. Retrieved December 22, 2010.
- ^ "See Obama's first paragraph of his transcript". All Things Considered. NPR. November 3, 2010. http://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=131048554. Retrieved December 22, 2010.
- ^ "President Obama Hangs Out With America", The White House, January 30, 2012.
- ^ Wallace-Wells, Benjamin (November 2004). "The Great Black Hope: What's Riding on Barack Obama?". Washington Monthly. http://www.washingtonmonthly.com/features/2004/0411.wallace-wells.html. Retrieved April 7, 2008. See also:Scott, Janny (December 28, 2007). "A Member of a New Generation, Obama Walks a Fine Line". International Herald Tribune. http://www.iht.com/articles/2007/12/28/america/obama.php. Retrieved April 7, 2008.
- ^ Harris, Paul (March 4, 2007). "Obama told of family's slave-owning history in deep South". The Observer (London). http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/2007/mar/04/uselections2008.barackobama. Retrieved April 18, 2010.
- ^ Payne, Les (August 19, 2007). "In One Country, a Dual Audience" (paid archive). Newsday (New York). http://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/newsday/access/1322008241.html?dids=1322008241:1322008241&FMT=ABS&FMTS=ABS:FT. Retrieved April 7, 2008.
- ^ Dorning, Mike (October 4, 2007). "Obama Reaches Across Decades to JFK" (paid archive). Chicago Tribune. http://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/chicagotribune/access/1353513781.html?dids=1353513781:1353513781&FMT=ABS&FMTS=ABS:FT&type=current&date=Oct+4%2C+2007&author=Mike+Dorning. Retrieved April 7, 2008. See also:Harnden, Toby (October 15, 2007). "Barack Obama is JFK Heir, Says Kennedy Aide". The Daily Telegraph (London). http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/1565992/Barack-Obama-is-JFK-heir%2C-says-Kennedy-aide.html. Retrieved April 7, 2008.
- ^ Holmes, Stephanie (November 30, 2008). "Obama: Oratory and originality". The Age (Melbourne). http://www.theage.com.au/world/a-classic-orator-obama-learnt-from-the-masters-20081129-6nf1.html. Retrieved December 11, 2008.
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- ^ "YouTube – ChangeDotGov's Channel". Youtube. http://www.youtube.com/user/ChangeDotGov. Retrieved April 18, 2010.
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- ^ "Obama hits low point in Gallup Poll – 41%". USA Today. April 15, 2011. http://content.usatoday.com/communities/theoval/post/2011/04/obama-hits-low-point-in-gallup-poll/1. Retrieved June 19, 2011.
- ^ Jon Terbush (December 9, 2010). "Approval By Numbers: How Obama Compares To Past Presidents". Tpmdc.talkingpointsmemo.com. http://tpmdc.talkingpointsmemo.com/2010/12/approval-by-numbers-how-obama-compares-to-past-presidents.php. Retrieved June 19, 2011.
- ^ Oliphant, James (May 11, 2011). "Bin Laden bounce? New poll shows jump in Obama approval", Los Angeles Times. Accessed June 7, 2011
- ^ Balz, Dan; Cohen, John (June 6, 2011). "Obama loses bin Laden bounce; Romney on the move among GOP contenders", The Washington Post. Accessed June 7, 2011
- ^ Henningsen, Patrick (May 23, 2011). "Washington Still Working Hard to Plug Gaps in The Bin Laden Story", 21st Century Wire. Accessed June 7, 2011
- ^ "World wants Obama as president: poll". Reuters. ABC News. September 9, 2008. http://www.abc.net.au/news/stories/2008/09/09/2360240.htm.
- ^ "Obama to visit nuclear, biological weapons destruction facilities in former Soviet Union" (Press release). Obama.senate.gov. August 24, 2005. Archived from the original on December 18, 2008. http://web.archive.org/web/20081218122125/http://obama.senate.gov/press/050823-obama_to_visit/. Retrieved October 12, 2011.
- ^ Scherer, Steve (September 12, 2007). "Rome Mayor's Leadership Bid May Lead to Early Italian Elections". Bloomberg. http://www.bloomberg.com/apps/news?pid=20601085&sid=aea6jJJwShpQ&refer=europe. Retrieved May 21, 2011.
- ^ Pedder, Sophie (February 20, 2008). "Sarkozy, Obama and McCain". The Economist. http://www.economist.com/blogs/certainideasofeurope/2008/02/sarkozy_obama_and_mccain.cfm. Retrieved November 20, 2008.
- ^ Freed, John C. (February 6, 20009). "Poll shows Obama atop list of most respected". The New York Times. http://www.nytimes.com/2009/02/06/world/americas/06iht-poll.4.19983290.html. Retrieved January 22, 2012.
- ^ "Obama Most Popular Leader, Poll Finds". The New York Times. May 29, 2009. http://www.nytimes.com/2009/05/29/world/europe/29iht-poll.html. Retrieved January 22, 2012.
- ^ "Obama remains a popular symbol of hope". France 24. June 2, 2009. Archived from the original on May 13, 2011. http://web.archive.org/web/20110513050036/http://www.france24.com/en/20090529-obama-remains-popular-symbol-hope-harris-interactive-poll-world-leaders. Retrieved January 22, 2012.
- ^ Goodman, Dean (February 10, 2008). "Obama or Clinton? Grammys go for Obama". Reuters. http://www.reuters.com/article/musicNews/idUSN0852813420080210. Retrieved November 24, 2008.
- ^ Strange, Hannah (March 5, 2008). "Celebrities join YouTube revolution". The Times (London). http://entertainment.timesonline.co.uk/tol/arts_and_entertainment/film/article3491460.ece. Retrieved December 18, 2008.
- ^ Wappler, Margaret (June 20, 2008). "Emmys give knuckle bump to will.i.am; more videos on the way". Los Angeles Times. Archived from the original on May 16, 2011. http://web.archive.org/web/20110516090327/http://latimesblogs.latimes.com/soundboard/2008/06/emmys-give-knuc.html. Retrieved January 26, 2012.
- ^ Von Drehle, David (December 16, 2008). "Why History Can't Wait". Time. http://www.time.com/time/specials/2008/personoftheyear/article/0,31682,1861543_1865068,00.html. Retrieved December 17, 2008.
- ^ "The Nobel Peace Prize 2009". Nobel Foundation. http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/peace/laureates/2009/. Retrieved October 9, 2009.
- ^ "Obama: 'Peace requires responsibility'". CNN. December 10, 2009. http://www.cnn.com/2009/POLITICS/12/10/obama.transcript/index.html. Retrieved May 21, 2011.
- ^ Philp, Catherine (October 10, 2009). "Barack Obama's peace prize starts a fight". The Times (London). http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/news/world/us_and_americas/article6868905.ece. Retrieved October 10, 2009.
- ^ Samuelsohn, Darren (October 9, 2009). "Obama Wins Nobel Prize in Part for Confronting 'Great Climatic Challenges'". The New York Times. Greenwire. http://www.nytimes.com/gwire/2009/10/09/09greenwire-obama-wins-nobel-prize-in-part-for-confronting-55250.html. Retrieved April 18, 2010.
- ^ "Keeping Hope Alive: Barack Obama Puts Family First". The Oprah Winfrey Show. October 18, 2006. http://www.oprah.com/slideshow/oprahshow/oprahshow1_ss_20061018/10. Retrieved June 24, 2008.
- ^ Fornek, Scott (September 9, 2007). "Half Siblings: 'A Complicated Family'". Chicago Sun-Times. Archived from the original on January 18, 2010. http://www.webcitation.org/5msGZ6sKn. Retrieved June 24, 2008. See also:"Interactive Family Tree". Chicago Sun-Times. September 9, 2007. Archived from the original on July 3, 2008. http://web.archive.org/web/20080703042659/http://www.suntimes.com/images/cds/special/family_tree.html. Retrieved June 24, 2008.
- ^ Fornek, Scott (September 9, 2007). "Madelyn Payne Dunham: 'A Trailblazer'". Chicago Sun-Times. Archived from the original on May 14, 2009. http://www.webcitation.org/5gm7oJqn9. Retrieved June 24, 2008.
- ^ "Obama's grandmother dies after battle with cancer". CNN. November 3, 2008. http://www.cnn.com/2008/POLITICS/11/03/obama.grandma/index.html. Retrieved November 4, 2008.
- ^ Smolenyak, Megan (May 9, 2011). "Tracing Barack Obama's Roots to Moneygall". The Huffington Post. http://www.huffingtonpost.com/megan-smolenyak-smolenyak/tracing-barack-obamas-roo_b_859151.html.
- ^ Obama (1995, 2004), p. 13. For reports on Obama's maternal genealogy, including slave owners, Irish connections, and common ancestors with George W. Bush, Dick Cheney, and Harry Truman, see:Nitkin, David; Harry Merritt (March 2, 2007). "A New Twist to an Intriguing Family History". Baltimore Sun. Archived from the original on September 30, 2007. http://web.archive.org/web/20070930033339/http://www.baltimoresun.com/news/nationworld/politics/bal-te.obama02mar02,0,3453027.story. Retrieved June 24, 2008. Jordan, Mary (May 13, 2007). "Tiny Irish Village Is Latest Place to Claim Obama as Its Own". The Washington Post. http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2007/05/12/AR2007051201551.html. Retrieved June 24, 2008. "Obama's Family Tree Has a Few Surprises". CBS 2 (Chicago). Associated Press. September 8, 2007. Archived from the original on June 2, 2008. http://web.archive.org/web/20080602215833/http://cbs2chicago.com/topstories/Barack.Obama.family.2.339709.html. Retrieved June 24, 2008.
- ^ "When Barry Became Barack". Newsweek. March 31, 2008. http://www.newsweek.com/id/128633. Retrieved November 6, 2008.
- ^ Zimmer, Benjamin (2009). "Obama's Indonesian Redux". Language Log. http://languagelog.ldc.upenn.edu/nll/?p=1025. Retrieved March 12, 2009.
- ^ Kantor, Jodi (June 1, 2007). "One Place Where Obama Goes Elbow to Elbow". The New York Times. http://www.nytimes.com/2007/06/01/us/politics/01hoops.html. Retrieved April 28, 2008. See also: "The Love of the Game" (video). Real Sports with Bryant Gumbel (HBO). April 15, 2008. http://www.hbo.com/real-sports-with-bryant-gumbel/episodes#/real-sports-with-bryant-gumbel/episodes/0/133-april-15-2008/index.html. Retrieved October 12, 2011.
- ^ "Barack Obama: White Sox 'serious' ball". The Swamp. August 25, 2008. http://www.swamppolitics.com/news/politics/blog/2008/08/barack_obama_white_sox_serious.html. Retrieved December 6, 2009.
- ^ "Barack Obama Explains White Sox Jacket, Talks Nats in All-Star Booth Visit". MLB Fanhouse. July 14, 2009. http://mlb.fanhouse.com/2009/07/14/barack-obama-explains-white-sox-jacket-talks-nats-in-all-star-b/. Retrieved December 6, 2009.
- ^ Branigin, William (January 30, 2009). "Steelers Win Obama's Approval". The Washington Post. http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2009/01/29/AR2009012903196.html. "But other than the Bears, the Steelers are probably the team that's closest to my heart."
- ^ "1985 Bears honored by President Obama". Chicagobears.com. 2011-10-07. http://www.chicagobears.com/news/NewsStory.asp?story_id=8232. Retrieved 2012-05-29.
- ^ Obama (2006), pp. 327–332. See also:Brown, Sarah (December 7, 2005). "Obama '85 masters balancing act". The Daily Princetonian. http://www.dailyprincetonian.com/2005/12/07/14049. Retrieved February 9, 2009.
- ^ Obama (2006), p. 329.
- ^ Fornek, Scott (October 3, 2007). "Michelle Obama: 'He Swept Me Off My Feet'". Chicago Sun-Times. Archived from the original on January 18, 2010. http://www.webcitation.org/5msGZDbMO. Retrieved April 28, 2008.
- ^ Martin, Jonathan (July 4, 2008). "Born on the 4th of July". Politico. http://www.politico.com/blogs/jonathanmartin/0708/Born_on_the_4th_of_July.html. Retrieved July 10, 2008.
- ^ Obama (1995, 2004), p. 440, and Obama (2006), pp. 339–340. See also:"Election 2008 Information Center: Barack Obama". Gannett News Service. http://www.gannettnewsservice.com/?cat=153. Retrieved April 28, 2008.
- ^ "Obamas choose private Sidwell Friends School", International Herald Tribune, November 22, 2008
- ^ Cooper, Helene (April 13, 2009). "One Obama Search Ends With a Puppy Named Bo". The New York Times. http://www.nytimes.com/2009/04/13/us/politics/13obama.html. Retrieved December 22, 2010.
- ^ Zeleny, Jeff (December 24, 2005). "The first time around: Sen. Obama's freshman year". Chicago Tribune. http://www.chicagotribune.com/news/local/chi-051224obama,0,1779783,full.story. Retrieved April 28, 2008.
- ^ Slevin, Peter (December 17, 2006). "Obama says he regrets land deal with fundraiser". The Washington Post. http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2006/12/16/AR2006121600729.html. Retrieved June 10, 2008.
- Robinson, Mike (June 4, 2008). "Rezko found guilty in corruption case". Associated Press. MSNBC. http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/24973282/. Retrieved June 24, 2008.
- ^ Harris, Marlys (December 7, 2007). "Obama's Money". CNNMoney.com. http://money.cnn.com/galleries/2007/moneymag/0712/gallery.candidates.moneymag/5.html. Retrieved April 28, 2008.
See also:Goldfarb, Zachary A (March 24, 2007). "Measuring Wealth of the '08 Candidates". The Washington Post. http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2007/03/24/AR2007032400305.html. Retrieved April 28, 2008. - ^ Zeleny, Jeff (April 17, 2008). "Book Sales Lifted Obamas' Income in 2007 to a Total of $4.2 Million". The New York Times. http://www.nytimes.com/2008/04/17/us/politics/17obama.html. Retrieved April 28, 2008.
- ^ Shear, Michael D.; Hilzenrath, David S. (April 16, 2010). "Obamas report $5.5 million in income on 2009 tax return". The Washington Post. http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2010/04/15/AR2010041504485.html. Retrieved December 22, 2010.
- ^ Solman, Paul (April 18, 2011). "How Much Did President Obama Make in 2010?". PBS NewsHour. http://www.pbs.org/newshour/businessdesk/2011/04/how-much-did-president-obama-m.html. Retrieved January 27, 2012.
- ^ Solman, Paul (April 27, 2011). "The Obamas Gave $131,000 to Fisher House Foundation in 2010; What Is It?". PBS NewsHour. http://www.pbs.org/newshour/rundown/2011/04/the-obamas-gave-131000-to-the-fisher-house-foundation-last-year-what-is-it.html. Retrieved January 27, 2012.
- ^ Jackson, David (May 15, 2012). "Obama worth as much as $10 million". USA Today. Retrieved May 15, 2012.
- ^ Elsner, Alan (December 7, 2008). Obama says he won't be smoking in White House". Reuters. Retrieved February 28, 2010.
- ^ Zengerle, Patricia (February 8, 2011). "Yes, he did: first lady says Obama quit smoking". Reuters. Retrieved May 9, 2011.
- ^ Obama (2006), pp. 202–208. Portions excerpted in:Obama, Barack (October 16, 2006). "My Spiritual Journey". Time. http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,1546579,00.html. Retrieved April 28, 2008.
- Obama, Barack (June 28, 2006). "'Call to Renewal' Keynote Address". Barack Obama: U.S. Senator for Illinois. Archived from the original on January 4, 2009. http://web.archive.org/web/20090104231501/http://obama.senate.gov/speech/060628-call_to_renewal/. Retrieved June 16, 2008.
- ^ Christianity Today: "Q&A: Barack Obama" Interview by Sarah Pulliam and Ted Olsen, January 23, 2008
- ^ Obama 'Christian By Choice': President Responds To Questioner by Charles Babington and Darlene Superville, Associated Press, September 28, 2010
- ^ Video – President Obama: "I am a Christian By Choice" by ABC News, September 29, 2010.
- ^ Kantor, Jodi (April 30, 2007). "Barack Obama's search for faith". The New York Times. http://www.nytimes.com/2007/04/30/world/americas/30iht-30obama.5501905.html. Retrieved April 30, 2007.
- ^ "Obama's church choice likely to be scrutinized". Associated Press. MSNBC. November 17, 2008. Retrieved January 20, 2009.
- ^ Sullivan, Amy (June 29, 2009.) "The Obamas Find a Church Home—Away from Home". Time. Retrieved December 14, 2009.
References[link]
- Mendell, David (2007). Obama: From Promise to Power. New York: Amistad/HarperCollins. ISBN 0-06-085820-6.
- Obama, Barack (1995, 2004). Dreams from My Father: A Story of Race and Inheritance. New York: Three Rivers Press. ISBN 1-4000-8277-3.
- Obama, Barack (2006). The Audacity of Hope: Thoughts on Reclaiming the American Dream. New York: Crown Publishing Group. ISBN 0-307-23769-9.
Further reading[link]
- Graff, Garrett. "The Legend of Barack Obama", Washingtonian, November 1, 2006. Retrieved January 14, 2008.
- Koltun, Dave (2005) "The 2004 Illinois Senate Race: Obama Wins Open Seat and Becomes National Political "Star"" in "The Road to Congress 2004" Editors: Sunil Ahuja (Youngstown State University) and Robert Dewhirst (Truman State University), Nova Science Publishers, Hauppauge, New York, 2005, ISBN 1-59454-360-7
- Lizza, Ryan. "Above the Fray", GQ, September 2007. Retrieved October 27, 2010.
- MacFarquhar, Larissa. "The Conciliator: Where is Barack Obama Coming From?", New Yorker, May 7, 2007. Retrieved January 14, 2008.
- McClelland, Edward, Young Mr. Obama: Chicago and the Making of a Black President, Bloomsbury Press, 2010.
- Zutter, Hank De. "What Makes Obama Run?", Chicago Reader, December 8, 1995. Retrieved January 14, 2008.
External links[link]
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| Persondata | |
|---|---|
| Name | Obama, Barack |
| Alternative names | |
| Short description | American politician, 44th President of the United States |
| Date of birth | August 4, 1961 |
| Place of birth | Honolulu, Hawaii, United States |
| Date of death | |
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Doug Wead (Muncie, Indiana, 1946[1] ) is a presidential historian, philanthropist and public speaker. He was Special Assistant to U.S. President George H. W. Bush, and is the author of more than thirty books, including the New York Times best-seller All the Presidents’ Children: Triumph and Tragedy in the Lives of the First Families.[2] He has authored a sequel which examines the parenting of presidents of the United States, The Raising of a President: The Mothers and Fathers of Our Nation's Leaders.[3]
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Professional history[link]
In 1979, Doug Wead joined entertainer Pat Boone and Dan O’Neill in co-founding Mercy Corps. In 1991, Wead provided initial funding to help launch a Mercy Corps economic recovery program in the newly formed Republic of Kazakhstan.[4]
In the 1980s, Wead organized the Annual Charity Awards, now under the name International Charity Association.[5] Ten First Ladies and Presidents have served as honorary chairpersons of this prestigious event, including Lady Bird Johnson, Gerald Ford, Jimmy and Rosalyn Carter, Ronald and Nancy Reagan, George H. W. and Barbara Bush, and George W. and Laura Bush.
In 1992, Wead was the Republican candidate for U.S. Congress in Arizona's 6th Congressional District. Despite having lived in Arizona for only a few years, Wead won the Republican nomination after championing a tax limitation initiative and airing a television commercial featuring praise by former President Ronald Reagan for his humanitarian efforts.[6] However, the Democratic nominee, Karan English, received the endorsement of former Arizona Senator and 1964 Republican presidential nominee Barry Goldwater who thought Wead was out of touch with Arizona because of his relatively brief residency in the state — two years to English's 22. Wead countered that Goldwater's support of abortion rights spurred the unexpected crossing of party lines.[7] He ended up losing in the general election to English.
Wead was an active behind-the-scenes player in the 2000 United States presidential election, receiving some credit for George W. Bush's victory in the Iowa straw polls of 1999.[8] From 1984 to 2000, he served as an on-and-off adviser to both presidents George H. W. Bush and George W. Bush.
Time magazine called Wead an insider in the Bush family orbit and "the man who coined the phrase 'Compassionate Conservative.'"[9] George W. Bush first picked up the term “Compassionate Conservative” in 1987 from Wead.[10] In 1979, Wead gave a speech titled “The Compassionate Conservative” at the annual Charity Awards Dinner, and tapes of the speech were later sold across the country at corporate seminars.[11]
In March 2008, Wead helped create the website Religious Freedom In America,[12] focusing on government threats to religious observance.
He now serves as an adviser for the Ron Paul 2012 Campaign.
Public speaking[link]
As a presidential historian, Wead is a frequent guest on television shows. He has been interviewed by Matt Lauer,[13] Bill O'Reilly,[14] Connie Chung,[15] Deborah Norville,[16] Diane Sawyer, Dan Rather,[17] Katie Couric,[18] Geraldo Rivera,[19] Terry Moran,[20] Kate Snow, and many others.
Mark Victor Hansen, the author of Chicken Soup for the Soul, describes Doug Wead as "incredibly inspiring and unbelievably motivating." [21] Wead continues to speak around the world. He has spoken to audiences in 30 countries, including Russia, Poland, Hungary, France, Germany, Turkey, the United Kingdom, Australia, the Philippines, Indonesia, Malaysia, Japan, Brazil and across the United States.[22] Steve Siebold, who trains corporate speakers for clients ranging from Toyota to Coldwell Banker, describes Wead as "one of the greatest platform speakers in the world." [23]
Books[link]
Wead has written more than 30 books that have been translated into 30 languages and have sold millions of copies.[24]
"First families" trilogy[link]
His “First Family” trilogy, already 20 years in the making, covers presidential children, presidential parents, and presidential siblings. The first two books of the trilogy, All the President's Children (2004) and The Raising of a President (2006), were instant New York Times bestsellers.[25] A third book, now being written with Mary Achor, will be the first book about presidential siblings.
Wead’s books on first families plow new ground and include the first book ever written on the parents of the presidents. They are significant for their primary sourcing. According to Simon and Schuster, Wead personally interviewed 10 first ladies and presidents from six different presidential families, and 19 of the presidential children. His writings drew on previously unpublished letters, diaries and other documents carefully noted in the large 40-50 pages of source notes at the end of his books.[25]
Political books[link]
In the 1970s and 1980s Wead wrote several instant books including Reagan in Pursuit of the Presidency (1980), an updated biography available at the time of the president’s election, which sold widely. The Iran Crisis (1980), covered the rise of Islamic fundamentalism and the hostage crisis during the Carter presidency.
Religious books[link]
Wead began his career as an author by serving as a Protestant apologist for the Catholic Charismatic Movement. He began writing as a student, at the age of 22. Intrigued by the emergence of an ecumenical movement in Ireland he wrote Tonight They’ll Kill a Catholic (1974), a first person account of the streets of Belfast in the midst of conflict. In subsequent years he teams up with a Catholic priest to tour areas of famine around the world which led to another book The Compassionate Touch (1980).
Motivational books[link]
Beginning in the 1970s, Wead wrote many motivational and network marketing books that sold extensively. Wead was the co-author of numerous titles with Amway distributor Dexter Yager, including Don’t Let Anyone Steal Your Dream (1978) and Millionaire Mentality (1993).
George W. Bush taping controversy[link]
Doug Wead secretly tape-recorded conversations with George W. Bush back in 1998 and released some of them to the media recently, starting with "The New York Times." He subsequently apologized to the president and turned over the tapes to the White House. [26] George Bush: Man of Integrity, which includes accounts of all family members, was published in 1988, written primarily from these taped conversations.[27]
Wead continued his taping of George W. Bush between 1997 and 2000, recording at least nine hours of telephone conversations with Bush, who was then Governor of Texas, as he engaged in his presidential run; the recordings were made without Bush's knowledge.[28] Wead stated that he wanted to create an ongoing record of Bush as a historical figure. In February 2005, a month after Bush was sworn into office for his second term as president, Wead revealed the existence of the tapes to The New York Times, and publicly released twelve excerpts from them, each one ranging in length from five minutes to half an hour.[28] He insisted that the taping was legal, having been made only in U.S. states where there was no law against taping someone without their consent.[28] Several newsworthy revelations emerged from the tapes, such as Bush appearing to acknowledge having previously used marijuana and other drugs, and saying he would not answer press questions about his drug use because he did not want to set a bad example for children; calling then-primary opponent Steve Forbes "mean-spirited" and saying Forbes could not rely on Bush's help if Forbes won the Republican nomination; and calling his eventual Democratic election opponent, Al Gore, "pathologically a liar".[28] Other excerpts seemed to match Bush's public persona, such as his statement that he was not worried about getting corrupted by the presidency because he read the Bible daily, which he called "pretty good about keeping your ego in check"; and his insistence that he was not anti-homosexual, regardless of his opposition to gay marriage.[28]
The release prompted some hostility from members of Bush's inner circle: Bush's wife, Laura Bush, said in an interview, "I don't know if I'd use the word 'betrayed,' but I think it's a little bit awkward for sure"; while Bush evangelical ally James Dobson said he was "shocked by [Wead's] breach of trust". Bush himself did not comment.[29] The tapes' release also provoked negative reaction from some commentators, such as Bill Press, who called Wead "scum", and Bill O'Reilly, who called Wead "the lowest form of debris in the country."[30]
Other activities[link]
Wead is also an independent business owner in Xango. In the past he was active with Quixtar and Network TwentyOne, and both Amway businesses. In 1995 he joined the Board of Canyonville Christian Academy,[31] a private boarding high school in southern Oregon. Since 2000, the school has enjoyed a full attendance and maintains an annual waiting list. He currently serves as its president.
References[link]
- ^ Biography of Doug Wead - Author, The Official Doug Wead Website
- ^ Wead: "All the presidents children", page 1. Simon & Schuster Adult Publishing Group, 2004
- ^ Wead: "The Raising of a President", page 1. Simon & Schuster Adult Publishing Group, 2006
- ^ Mercy Corps 2003 Annual Report
- ^ http://www.internationalcharityassociation.com
- ^ Biography on dougwead.com
- ^ Yozwiak, Steve (30 October 1992). "Goldwater jolts GOP, backs Democrat". Arizona Republic. http://www.azcentral.com/specials/special25/articles/1030goldwater.html.
- ^ “Wead Helps Keep the Faith in Politics” by Doug Burton, Insight on the News, May 14, 2001
- ^ Time Magazine, Nov. 6, 2000, p. 63.
- ^ Jacob Weisberg, The Bush Tragedy, Random House, 2008. Page 92.
- ^ Jacob Weisberg, The Bush Tragedy, Random House, 2008. Page 93.
- ^ Religious Freedom In America
- ^ Doug Wead: Children of Presidents on YouTube
- ^ Bush father and son: Doug Wead on O'Reilly on YouTube
- ^ Doug Wead: Children of Presidents on YouTube
- ^ Debra Norville, Kids of candidates, Doug Wead on YouTube
- ^ George H W Bush like Hitler? on YouTube
- ^ Obama Inaugural : Katie Couric -Doug Wead on YouTube
- ^ Jenna Bush: Wedding and War, Geraldo and Wead on YouTube
- ^ This is the guy who tried to kill my dad. on YouTube
- ^ Biography of Doug Wead - Author, The Official Doug Wead Website, Wead, 2008
- ^ MarkVictorHansen.com
- ^ Mental Toughness Blog » Bob Proctor Cruise
- ^ www.sandypr.com
- ^ a b http://books.simonandschuster.com/All-The-Presidents%27-Children/Doug-Wead/9780743446334
- ^ HARDBALL For March 16, 2005, MSNBC | Article from International Wire | HighBeam Research
- ^ NOMINEES' UPBRINGING AND THEIR FAITH; Family's Episcopal Traditions Molded Bush's Philosophy | Article from The Washington Post | HighBeam Research
- ^ a b c d e In Secretly Taped Conversations, Glimpses of the Future President, David D. Kirkpatrick, The New York Times, February 20, 2005
- ^ From Psst to Oops: Secret Taper of Bush Says History Can Wait, David D. Kirkpatrick, The New York Times, February 24, 2005
- ^ CNN Reliable Sources transcript, February 27, 2005, cnn.com
- ^ Canyonville
External links[link]
- Mercy Corps website
- Doug Wead official website
- Doug Wead's Blog
- Doug Wead's history website
- Doug Wead on television
| Persondata | |
|---|---|
| Name | Wead, Doug |
| Alternative names | |
| Short description | American writer |
| Date of birth | 1946 |
| Place of birth | |
| Date of death | |
| Place of death | |
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This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, which means that you can copy and modify it as long as the entire work (including additions) remains under this license.
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