Crayola is a brand of artists' supplies manufactured by Crayola LLC (Formerly Binney & Smith Company). It is best known for its crayons. The company is based in Forks Township, Northampton County, Pennsylvania. Originally an industrial pigment supply company, Crayola soon shifted its focus to art products for home and school use, beginning with chalk, then crayons, followed later by colored pencils, markers, paints, modeling clay, and other related goods. All Crayola-branded products are marketed as nontoxic and safe for use by children. Most Crayola Crayons are made in China.^[2]

The company also produces Silly Putty and a line of professional art products under the Portfolio Series brand.

Crayola LLC claims the Crayola brand has 99% name recognition in U.S. consumer households, and says its products are sold in over 80 countries.^[3]

History[link]

The company was founded by cousins Edwin Binney and C. Harold Smith in New York City in 1885 as Binney & Smith. Initial products were colorants for industrial use, including red iron oxide pigments used in barn paint and carbon black chemicals used for making tires black and extending their useful lifespan.^[4] Binney & Smith's new process of creating inexpensive black colorants was entered into the chemistry industries competition at the 1900 Paris Exposition under the title "carbon gas blacks, lamp or oil blacks, 'Peerless' black" and earned the company a gold medal award in chemical and pharmaceutical arts.^[5][6] Also in 1900, the company added production of slate school pencils. Binney's experimentation with industrial materials, including slate waste, cement, and talc, led to the invention of the first dustless white chalk, for which the company won a gold medal at the 1904 St. Louis World's Fair.^[6]

Assortment of early Binney & Smith crayon boxes, including Crayola

This Crayola advertisement from March 1905 is one of its earliest, and shows it offered a variety of boxes and colors early on.

In 1902, Binney & Smith developed and introduced the Staonal marking crayon. Then Edwin Binney, working with his wife, Alice Stead Binney, developed his own famous product line of wax crayons beginning on 10 June 1903,^[7] which it sold under the brand name "Crayola." The Crayola name was coined by Alice Binney, wife of company founder Edwin and a former schoolteacher. It comes from "craie", French for "chalk," and "ola" for "oleaginous", or "oily."^[6][8] Crayola introduced its crayons not with one box, but with a full product line. By 1905, the line had expanded to offering 18 different-sized crayon boxes^[9] with five different-sized crayons, only two of which survive today – the "standard size" (a standard sized Crayola crayon is 3 5/8" x 5/16") and the "large size" (large sized crayola crayons are 4" x 7/16"). The product line offered crayon boxes contained containing 6, 7, 8, 12, 14, 16, 18, 24, 28, or 30 different color crayons. Some of these boxes were targeted for artists and contained crayons with no wrappers, while others had a color number printed on the wrapper that corresponded to a number on a list of color names printed inside the box lid, but some boxes contained crayons with their color names printed on their wrappers.

The Rubens Crayola line, started in 1903 (not in the 1920s, as claimed by some sources),^[10] was directly targeted at artists and designed to compete with the Raphael brand of crayons from Europe. The crayon boxes sold from five cents for a No.6 Rubens box containing six different-colored crayons to $1.50 for the No. 500 Rubens Special Artists and Designers Crayon box containing 24 different-colored, larger (4 1/4" x 1/2") crayons.^[11]

1906 advertisement showing the Rubens Crayola No. 500 box

Inside the Rubens Crayola No. 500 crayon box

The 8 count Crayola crayon box from 1903 to 1905

Rubens Crayola No. 500 crayon box, circa 1904 to 1914

In April 1904 at the St. Louis World's Fair, Binney & Smith won the Gold Medal for their An-Du-Septic dustless chalk. Receiving a medal at an Exposition was and still of importance, with companies featuring their medals on their products. Two companies to use the 1904 medal were Jack Daniel's whiskey (which still use it on their bottles to this day) and Binney & Smith.^[12] Subsequently, Crayola used the opportunity to develop a new packaging strategy by emphasizing their gold medal on the front of many of their products and crayon boxes. This strategy turned out to be so successful and recognizable to their brand that they phased out nearly all of their other Crayola line box designs to adapt to the gold medal format. The gold medal branding appeared on their packaging for the next 50-plus years.

The first two Gold Medal line 8-count boxes

In 1905, the prototype offering of their new No. 8 crayon box (with eight crayons) from their Gold Medal line featured a copy from the side of the medal with an eagle on it. This was changed to the other side of the medal with the 1904 date on it in Roman numerals.

Progression from the Original 6 color Rubens Crayola box to its replacement, the Crayola No 6 box

An original Munsell crayons box and later Binney & Smith boxes

Progression from the original 12 color Rubens Crayola to its replacement, the Crayola No. 12 box

Crayola also began to either phase out boxes or adapt new ones incorporating the Gold Medal design.

Binney & Smith purchased the Munsell Color Company crayon product line in 1926, and inherited 22 new colors, 11 in the maximum and 11 in the middle hue ranges.^[13][14] They retain the Munsell name on products such as “Munsell-Crayola” and “Munsell-Perma” until 1934, and then incorporated their colors into their own Crayola Gold Medal line of boxes.^[15]

The Crayola No.52 box 1939–1944

In 1939, Crayola, by combining its existing crayon colors with the Munsell colors, introduced its largest color assortment product to date; a "No. 52 Drawing Crayon 52 Color Assortment", which was retired by the 1944 price list.

The first version of the Crayola No.48 box (open)

In 1949, Crayola introduced the "Crayola No. 48" containing 48 color crayons in a non-peggable floor box.

The first version of the Crayola No.64 box, note the gold medal on the top

Further expansion took place in 1958 with the introduction of the 64-color pack that included the company's first crayon sharpener built into the box. ^[16] The 64-color box was called "a watershed" moment in the history of the Crayola crayon by Smithsonian National Museum of American History curator David Shayt.^{[17] [18]}

In 1977, Binney & Smith acquired the rights to Silly Putty, a stretchy bouncy toy.^[19] Crayola markers were introduced in 1978 to coincide with the 75th anniversary of Crayola crayons. Colored pencils and a line of washable markers were added in 1987.^[4]

Crayola Crayons were inducted into the National Toy Hall of Fame at The Strong in Rochester, New York, in 1998. In the same year, the Crayola Factory opened.

In 2011, My First Crayola was launched. Products include triangular crayons and flat-tipped markers.

Crayons[link]

Crayola crayon packs vary in package counts of just a few crayons sold to establishments such as hotels and restaurants, to hand out to their young guests^[20] to 832-crayon "Classpack" bulk boxes marketed to schools.^[21] The colors contained in a package have ranged from two to 200 (although a 200-color package includes "special effect" crayons such as glitters, neons, etc.). The most common retail packages are multiples of eight, with 8, 16, 24, 48, 64, 96, and 120 packs being marketed today.^[22][23][24] A 150-crayon pack featuring a plastic telescope-like case was introduced in 2006, and includes 118 regular color crayons, 16 glitter crayons, and 16 "Metallic FX" crayons, as well as a built-in sharpener at the apex of the tower.^[25]

Colors[link]

As the size of Crayola crayon packs increased from the original 1903 crayon packs, the variety of colors available has also increased — reaching 120 colors by 1998. Since 1998, new colors have been added, but always replacing existing colors. In all, 13 colors have been retired, bringing the total number of regular colors produced since 1958 to 133.The list below is shown in list of crayola crayon colors.

Officially retired Crayola crayon colors

The 13 officially retired crayon colors are "Blue Gray", "Lemon Yellow", "Orange Red", "Orange Yellow", "Violet Blue", "Maize", "Green Blue", "Raw Umber", "Thistle", "Blizzard Blue", "Mulberry", "Teal Blue", and "Magic Mint".

Some colors have been renamed rather than replaced, often due to cultural sensitivity issues. For example, "Flesh" was changed to "Peach", since not all people have the same hued complexion, and "Indian Red" was changed to "Chestnut" out of concern that the name might be thought to be the color of Native American's skin. The name actually referred to a red pigment from India.^[26] Chestnut had a color vote and some other names included "Mars Red", "Old Penny", "Crab Claw Red", and "Baseball Mitt". "Prussian Blue" was renamed "Midnight Blue", since Prussia had long since ceased to exist and the name had fallen into disuse.

The colors in the box below come in the packs of 8, 16, and 24:

8 pack (1908)		+8 = 16 pack (1924)		+8 = 24 pack (early 1949)
Red	Orange	75px Carnation Pink	75px Red Orange	75px Violet Red	75px Scarlet
75px Yellow	75px Green	75px Yellow Orange	75px Yellow Green	75px Dandelion	75px Green Yellow
75px Blue	75px Violet (purple)	75px Blue Green	75px Blue Violet	75px Cerulean	75px Indigo
75px Brown	75px Black	75px Red Violet	White	75px Apricot	75px Gray

The contents of the 24 pack have changed over the years. Before 1990 it included "Gray", "Violet Red", "Green Yellow", "Peach", "Orange Red", "Orange Yellow", "Green Blue" and "Violet Blue". From 1990 until the late 90's it included "Gray", "Violet Red", "Green Yellow", "Peach", "Cerulean", "Fuchsia", "Jungle Green" and "Vivid Tangerine". For a short time in the late 90's, the 16 count pack was temproarily changed to include "White", "Tickle Me Pink", "Red Violet", "Red Orange", "Macaroni and Cheese", "Yellow Green", "Robin's Egg Blue" and "Blue Violet". During this temporary change to the colors of the 16 pack, the eight additional colors in the 24 pack changed to "Gray", "Violet Red", "Green Yellow", "Apricot", "Turquoise Blue", "Orchid", "Forest Green" and "Goldenrod". Once the color Indigo was produced in 2000, the colors of the 16 pack changed back to their original lineup and the colors of the 24 pack changed to the contents shown in the chart above; remaining this way ever since.

Special Colors[link]

Metallic FX[link]

In 2001, Crayola released its Metallic FX specialty crayons featuring metallic colors; the new set of crayons were named by Americans and Canadians via mail-in vote.

Glitter[link]

The Crayola "Glitter Crayons" 16 pack includes the following colors: "Black With Glitzy Gold Glitter", "Blue With Shimmering Silver Glitter", "Blue Green with Glitzy Gold Glitter", "Carnation Pink With Lavender Glitter", "Green With Twinkling Turquoise Glitter", "Maroon With Glitzy Gold Glitter", "Orange With Twinkling Turquoise Glitter", "Orchid With Twinkling Turquoise Glitter", "Red With Shimmering Silver Glitter", "Red Violet With Glitzy Gold Glitter", "Royal Purple With Ruby Red Glitter", "Sky Blue With Glitzy Gold Glitter", "White With Confetti Glitter", "White With Glitzy Gold Glitter", "Yellow With Rainbow Glitter", and "Yellow Green With Silver Glitter".

Specialty crayons[link]

Crayola has added other specialty products to its lineup, including scented, washable, triangular-shaped, sidewalk, twistable, window, and oversized crayons.^[22]

Cultural impact[link]

A Yale University study^{[citation needed]} found the scent of Crayola crayons is one of the most recognizable scents for adults,^[6] ranking at number 18, trailing coffee and peanut butter that were number one and two respectively, but beating out cheese and bleach, which placed at 19 and 20.^[27]

The Smithsonian National Museum of American History maintains a collection of Crayola crayons founded by an original 64-color box donated by Binney & Smith in 1998. The collection now includes more than 300 boxes of crayons.^[17]

The Crayola crayon was inducted into the National Toy Hall of Fame as a founding member at its inception.

Pip-Squeaks Crayola has produced a line of mini markers called Pip-Squeaks since 2006. They have the regular kind, available in a 16 pack and a 50 count telescoping tower, and the skinny ones, called Pip-Squeaks Skinnies come in a 16 pack and a 64 box (it was released in 2008 for the Kid's Choice Colors).

Crayola has been featured in segments from the popular children's shows Sesame Street^[28] and Mister Rogers' Neighborhood, with the official 100 billionth crayon molded by Fred Rogers himself in February 1996 at the plant in Easton.^[29]

Commemorative postage stamp[link]

In 1998, the United States Postal Service issued a 32-cent postage stamp to commemorate the cultural impact the product has had on almost all Americans.^[30] Although the crayons debuted in 1903 and the stamp is titled as such, the box depicted includes the 1904 St. Louis World's Fair Gold Medal insignia (dated MCMIV) won by Binney & Smith for their dustless chalk,^[6] so it can not be the original 1903 package design.

The stamp is part of the 1900s decade sheet of the Celebrate the Century souvenir sheet series, and was designed by Carl Herrman, illustrated by Richard Waldrep and printed by Ashton-Potter USA using the offset/intaglio process.^[31]

Crayola color census 2000[link]

In 2000, Crayola held the "Crayola Color Census 2000" promotion in which Americans were asked to vote for their favorite Crayola crayon color. Celebrity entrants George W. Bush chose "Blue Bell," Tiger Woods chose "Wild Strawberry," and Courteney Cox Arquette chose "Red."^[32] Overall, "Blue" came in first, with "Cerulean" second and "Purple Heart" third.^[33] Full results are available here.^[34]

The Crayola Factory[link]

The Crayola Factory is located at 30 Centre Square, Easton, Pennsylvania, USA, at Two Rivers Landing,^[35] separate from the main manufacturing plant in Forks Township, Pennsylvania. The Crayola Factory is open to the public. Despite its name, the Crayola Factory is not a manufacturing plant, but rather a museum and visitor center geared toward familiarizing guests with Crayola's history and products.^[36]

A "discovery center" was built that showcases the manufacturing process of crayons. There is also a "Crayola Hall of Fame" in which the retired crayon colors are displayed.^[37]

The Crayola Factory was featured in a Food Network episode of Dinner: Impossible. A dinner was held for 150 employees of the Crayola Factory to celebrate the 50th anniversary of the 64 -box of crayons. Chef Michael Symon's mission was to create an eight-course tasting menu for this event, where all eight items of the menu had to match eight randomly chosen Crayola crayon colors.^[38]

In October 2003, the Factory unveiled "The World's Largest Crayon," a 15-foot crayon weighing 1,500 lb as part of its celebration of 100 years of Crayola crayons. The giant crayon is blue, and was made of leftover crayon bits sent in by children across the United States.^[39]

From 2007 to 2009, Ryan Canfield served as the Factory's mascot, "Tip".

Fine art[link]

Although marketed to children and amateur artists, several professional artists have specialized in using Crayola crayons as their primary medium. Don Marco, who works with Crayola crayons and construction paper, is one of the better known crayon artists — having sold over one million prints of his original artworks.^[40]

Other products[link]

Crayola LLC produces a broad range of products other than their famous crayons under the Crayola brand name. These include colored pencils, markers, inks and paints, modeling clays, coloring books, and artists' tools. As with all Crayola products, these are all marketed as nontoxic and safe for use by children.^[41]

Other brands[link]

Silly Putty[link]

Silly Putty is a silicone polymer children's toy used for various purposes. Silly Putty was inducted into the National Toy Hall of Fame in 2001.

Portfolio Series[link]

The Portfolio Series is a line of water-soluble oil pastels, watercolors, drawing pencils, colored pencils, and acrylic paints marketed to artists and educators.^[42]

Liquitex[link]

Binney & Smith acquired the Liquitex corporation, a producer of fine art supply products, in 1964, but sold it to the ColArt company in 2000.^[43]

Licensing[link]

Numerous products, ranging from bath and personal care items to bedding and electronics, are produced by other companies using the Crayola brand name under license.^[44]

Christmas lights[link]

This unreferenced section requires citations to ensure verifiability.

In the 1996–1997 season, Crayola produced Christmas lights using its name with colors such as pink, orange, blue, gold, and red, and more.

Corporate information[link]

Initially formed as a partnership in 1885, Binney & Smith incorporated in 1902. The corporation became a publicly-traded company under the symbol BYS on the American Stock Exchange in 1963, and later moved to the New York Stock Exchange under the same symbol in 1978.^[4] In 1984, the company was acquired by the Hallmark Cards company, a privately held corporation. Then on January 1, 2007 Binney & Smith became Crayola LLC.^{[1] [3]}

Manufacturing[link]

Crayola has manufacturing plants in Forks Township, Northampton County, Pennsylvania, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania, Lindsay, Ontario, Canada and Mexico City, Mexico.The colored pencils are made by Faber-Castell Brazilian plants.

Financial data[link]

Because Crayola LLC is a privately held company, it is not required to release detailed financial data publicly.

References[link]

External links[link]

• Official site
• Official UK site
• Orange: A Crayola raw materials data sheet from the 1970s Smithsonian Institution Libraries

Kristin Andreassen
Kristin Andreassen performing live in NYC (Adam Jason Photography)
Background information
Origin	Portland, Oregon
Genres	Americana Old-time music
Instruments	Guitar, Fiddle, Clogging, Vocals
Website	Kristin Andreassen's website

Kristin Andreassen is an American musician and dancer. She grew up in Portland, Oregon as Kristin Andrews. In 2002 she started using her great-grandfather's name Andreassen. Kristin sings, plays harmonica, piano, guitar, banjo-uke and fiddle and she is also a songwriter. From 1999 onwards she has been working as a principal dancer with Footworks Percussive Dance Ensemble, teaching & performing various related forms of percussive dance: clogging, tap, Irish & Canadian step dance. In December 2003 she joined the old-time music group Uncle Earl. She is a member of Sometymes Why and The Jolly Bankers.

With the song Crayola Doesn't Make A Color For Your Eyes, that she wrote together with Megan Downes, Kristin has won the 2006 John Lennon Songwriting Contest in the "Children's" category.^[1] The song was included on her 2007 solo record and she recorded a video for the song ^[2] directed by Ballard C. Boyd.

On November 22, 2008 she appeared on A Prairie Home Companion as a solo artist.^[3]

Discography[link]

• Death & Taxes (w/ The Jolly Bankers) (2003)
• Sometimes Why (w/ Sometymes Why) (2005)
• She Waits for Night (w/ Uncle Earl) (2005)
• Tax Return (w/ The Jolly Bankers) (2006)
• Waterloo, TN (w/ Uncle Earl) (2007)
• Kiss Me Hello (2007)
• Your Heart is a Glorious Machine (w/ Sometymes Why) (2009)

External links[link]

• Kristin Andreassen's website
• Kristin Andreassen's myspace site
• Uncle Earl's website
• Uncle Earl's myspace site
• Sometymes Why's website
• Sometymes Why's myspace site
• The Jolly Bankers' website

Multimedia[link]

• Kristin Andreassen on A Prairie Home Companion
• Music Video for Crayola Doesn't Make A Color For Your Eyes

Footnotes[link]

This article appears to be written like an advertisement. Please help improve it by rewriting promotional content from a neutral point of view and removing any inappropriate external links. (May 2012)

Terri Lyne Carrington
Background information
Born	(1965-08-04) August 4, 1965 (age 46)
Origin	Medford, Massachusetts, U.S.
Genres	Jazz, R&B
Occupations	Drummer, singer, songwriter, record producer
Years active	1983–present
Labels	Concord Jazz, E1 Entertainment, Video Arts Music, Verve Forecast, ACT, GrooveJazz Media
Website	http://www.terrilynecarrington.com/

Terri Lyne Carrington (born 1965 in Medford, Massachusetts) is a Grammy-Award winning jazz drummer, composer, record producer and entrepreneur. She has played with jazz legends Dizzy Gillespie, Stan Getz, Clark Terry, Herbie Hancock, Wayne Shorter, Joe Sample, Al Jarreau, Yellowjackets, and many more. For example, she has toured with each of Hancock's musical configurations (from electric to acoustic) between 1997 and 2007.

In 2007 she was appointed professor at her alma mater, Berklee College of Music, where she received an honorary doctorate in 2003.

Carrington also serves as Artistic Director of the Berklee Beantown Jazz Festival.

Childhood[link]

At 7, Carrington was given a set of drums which had belonged to her grandfather, Matt Carrington, who had played with Fats Waller and Chuck Berry. After studying privately for three years, she played her first major performance at the Wichita Jazz Festival with Clark Terry. At age 11 she received a full scholarship to Berklee College of Music. At 12 years old she was profiled on the PBS kids' biography program Rebop.

At Berklee College of Music she played with leading musicians such as Kevin Eubanks, Donald Harrison, Greg Osby and others. She also studied under master drum instructor Alan Dawson and made a private recording entitled, TLC and Friends, with Kenny Barron, Buster Williams, George Coleman and her father, Sonny Carrington, before turning 17.

Throughout high school she traveled across the country doing clinics at various schools and colleges.

Professional career[link]

In 1983, encouraged by her mentor, Jack DeJohnette, Carrington moved to New York, where she worked with Stan Getz, James Moody, Lester Bowie, Pharoah Sanders, Cassandra Wilson, David Sanborn, and others.

In the late 1980s she relocated to Los Angeles, where she gained recognition on late night TV as the house drummer for "The Arsenio Hall Show", then again in the late 1990s as the drummer on the late night TV show "VIBE", hosted by Sinbad. In 1996 she collaborated with Peabo Bryson on "Always Reach For Your Dreams," a song commissioned for the 1996 Olympic Games.

Terri Lyne Carrington and Herbie Hancock

Bandleader[link]

Notably, in recent years, she has included Esperanza Spalding, Geri Allen, Helen Sung, James Genus, Bob Hurst, Patrice Rushen, Tineke Postma, Ingrid Jensen, Nona Hendryx, Chihiro, Everette Harp, Greg Phillinganes, Lori Perry, Robert Irving III, Dwight Sills, Lawrence Fields, Randy Runyon, Gary Thomas, Aruan Ortiz, and Munyungo Jackson in her band configurations. In Summer 2011, she appeared with Wayne Shorter (with John Pattituci and Danilo Perez) in South America, and is the Musical Director of the international "Sing The Truth" Tour ... featuring Dianne Reeves, Lizz Wright and Angelique Kidjo (with Romero Lubambo, Geri Allen, James Genus and Munyungo Jackson).^{[citation needed]}

Recording artist[link]

As a recording artist, in 1988 Carrington started concentrating her efforts on writing and producing her own works ... resulting in Real Life Story, her 1989 Grammy-nominated debut CD featuring Carlos Santana, Wayne Shorter, Grover Washington, Jr., Gerald Albright, John Scofield, Hiram Bullock, Patrice Rushen, Greg Osby, and Dianne Reeves, Jazz is a Spirit, her 2002 European CD featuring Herbie Hancock, Wallace Roney, Terence Blanchard, Kevin Eubanks and Gary Thomas, and Structure, her 2004 European CD with Jimmy Haslip, Greg Osby and Adam Rogers. Also, after a 20 year hiatus from U.S. recording, Carrington released the 2009 CD More to Say ... Real Life Story: NextGen, a sequel to her 1989 debut "Real Life Story" CD. The album features Nancy Wilson, Les McCann, George Duke, Kirk Whalum, Everette Harp, Christian McBride, Jimmy Haslip, Greg Phillinganes, Robert Irving III, Patrice Rushen, Chuck Loeb, Walter Beasley, Anthony Wilson, Lawrence Fields, Ray Fuller, Dwight Sills, Lori Perry and Chris Walker, with a special appearance by Sonny Carrington.^[1] Most of the 15 tracks on the CD are written or co-written by Carrington. In 2011 The Mosaic Project, her fifth album overall and her first on Concord Jazz, which featured a number of singers, was released in 2011. It won the 2012 Grammy Award for Best Jazz Vocal Album.^[2]

Entrepreneur[link]

As an entrepreneur, Carrington is a partner in Hebert-Carrington Media (HCM). Founded in 2007 and based in Atlanta, Boston, New Jersey, Washington, DC, Chicago, and Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, HCM's^[3] origins can be traced to the long-term relationships with company co-founder Robert A. Hebert, Esq., high-tech entrepreneurs Frank White, Jr. and Dr. Bernard Yaged, and top media and communications advisor Don Lucoff of DL Media. HCM has relationships with Concord Music, E1 Entertainment, Pony Canyon (Japan), Video Arts Music (Japan), Herbie Hancock, Toninho Horta, Oscar Castro-Neves, Arthur Maia, Romero Lubambo, Robert Irving III, Mitchel Forman, Helen Sung, Darryl Jones, and Vince Wilburn/Miles Davis Properties.

Partial discography[link]

• Real Life Story (1989)
• Jazz is a Spirit (2002)
• Structure (2004)
• More to Say (2009)
• The Mosaic Project (2011)

As drummer

• Herbie Hancock : Gershwin's World
• Rufus Reid : Seven Minds
• Mulgrew Miller : Work, Chapters 1 & 2: Keys to the City
• Michele Rosewoman : Quintessense
• Dianne Reeves : I Remember, Art & Survival, Quiet After The Storm, That Day
• Niels Lans Doky : Daybreak
• Doky Brothers : Doky Brothers, Vol 1 & 2
• John Scofield : Flat Out, Liquid Fire
• Cassandra Wilson : Blue Skies
• Rachel Z : Room Of One's Own
• Wayne Shorter : Joy Ryder, High Life
• Patrice Rushen : Anything But Ordinary
• John Patitucci : Sketchbook
• Eric Marienthal : Crossroads
• John Beasley : Change of Heart
• Nino Tempo : Live At Cicada
• Michael Wolff : 2 AM
• James Moody : Moody's Birthday Celebration, Live At The Blue Note, Moody Plays Mancini
• Esperanza Spalding : Radio Music Society

References[link]

External links[link]

• Terri Lyne Carrington website