Tekken (鉄拳^?, lit. Iron Fist) is a fighting game franchise created, developed and published by Namco (later Namco Bandai Games). Beginning with the original Tekken in 1994, the series has received several sequels as well as updates and spin-off titles, as well as three films and other media. The series' official English name is always written in all-capital letters (TEKKEN, abbreviated to TK).

The story in each game in the main series documents the events of the fictional martial arts tournament, the King of Iron Fist Tournament, hosted by the Mishima Zaibatsu corporation. The prize is typically control of the company, which then allows the winner to host the following tournament.

Games[link]

The arcade game versions have traditionally used PlayStation-based hardware to run the games. The first game in the series, Tekken, was released in 1994, first in arcades and then as a port for the PlayStation.^[1][2] Two sequels, Tekken 2 and Tekken 3, were released in the same fashion in 1996 and 1998.^[3][4][5][6] Tekken 3 was also ported to the Game Boy Advance as Tekken Advance in 2001.^[7][8]

The next two sequels, Tekken 4 and Tekken 5, were also ported to the PlayStation 2 in 2002 and 2004, respectively, following their release in arcades.^{[9][10][11][12]} A PlayStation Portable and PlayStation 3 version of Tekken 5, retitled Tekken 5: Dark Resurrection, was released in 2006.^[13][14] An online version of Tekken 5: Dark Resurrection was also released in 2007 for the PlayStation Network.

Tekken 6 was originally released for arcades in 2007, followed by an updated version, Tekken 6: Bloodline Rebellion, in 2008.^[15] In 2009, the update was released for the PS3, PSP and Xbox 360 as Tekken 6.^[16][17] Tekken 6-based Tekken 3D: Prime Edition was released for the Nintendo 3DS in 2012.

Spin-off and crossover games[link]

A spin-off title under the name of Tekken Tag Tournament was released in 1999. In contrast to previous titles, Tekken Tag Tournament features tag battles and in 2000 was the first Tekken game ported to the PS2.^[18][19] A remastered version of the game, Tekken Tag Tournament HD, was included in the 2011 collection Tekken Hybrid,^[20] packed with a playable demo of Tekken Tag Tournament 2 and the film Tekken: Blood Vengeance.^[21] Tekken Tag Tournament 2 was released in Japanese arcades in 2011.^[17] Its console version of will be based on an updated version that contained new features.^[22]

Tekken Card Challenge was released on the Japan-only handheld WonderSwan in 1999.^[18][19] A spin-off action adventure game featuring series' character Nina Williams as the protaganist, Death by Degrees, released for the PS2 in 2005.^[23][24] Two more Tekken spin-off games have also been released in 2011, a 2D fighting game Tekken Resolute for mobile phones^[25] and Tekken Bowl (the bowling mini-game from Tekken Tag Tournament) for the iOS operating system.^[26]

Namco and Capcom agreed to create crossover games of the Tekken and Street Fighter franchises, Street Fighter X Tekken (released in 2012) and Tekken X Street Fighter (currently in development).^[27][28] The former game was developed by Capcom and includes 2D gameplay mechanics as seen in Street Fighter IV, whereas the latter game will be developed by Namco and will include the gameplay mechanics from Tekken 6.^[29]

Gameplay[link]

As with many fighting games, players choose a character from a lineup, and engage in hand-to-hand combat with an opponent. Traditional fighting games are usually played with buttons which correspond to the strength of the attack, such as strong punch or weak kick. Tekken, however, dedicates a button to each limb of the fighter.^[30] The series uses separate buttons for right and left limbs, resulting in four buttons. Gameplay system also includes throw escapes, and starting from Tekken 2, autoblock. Each iteration was improved upon both graphically and technically.

Tekken 3 introduced the ability to move into the foreground or away from the background, commonly referred to as "sidestepping."^[31] Tekken 3 also reduced recovery time after being knocked down than previous games and each game afterwards include rolls to recover instantly after hitting the ground, allowing the player to get back into the fight instead of pounding buttons. Tekken 4 gave characters even greater mobility by adding true 3D movement while simultaneously including geometrically complex arenas with unleveled ground, obstacles, and walls.

Tekken 5 saw the return of both walled and infinite arenas. Tekken 6 retains much of the design from Tekken 5 but also includes "Rage" mode (when a character is near the end of their vitality bar, they earn a damage multiplier) and "Bound" hits (hits that, when connected with an airborne opponent, will place them in a grounded state where they cannot escape for a certain period, allowing combo extensions). Tekken 6 also has destructible floors that allow the fighters to fall through to new fighting areas when broken.

Characters[link]

Players can choose from a diverse cast that hails from a variety of ethnic backgrounds and fighting styles. A few characters have supernatural origin, such as Devil and Ogre, while animal characters like Kuma the bear provide comic relief.^[32] In the story mode of the game, each character generally has their own personal reasons for entering the tournament and competing for the prize.

So far, only five characters have appeared in all nine Tekken installments: Heihachi Mishima, Paul Phoenix, Nina Williams, King (albeit technically being two different characters) and Yoshimitsu; The others have been absent in at least one game. The Jack cyborgs and Kuma have appeared on eight out of the nine games.

Out of the main series (the Playstation games numbered up to 6 and their updates, without listing the "spin-off" ones like the Tekken Tag subseries or the Tekken Advance portable version), Kuma has appeared in all six games (although technically he's two different characters), while the Jack cyborgs, Anna Williams, Kazuya Mishima, Lee Chaolan and Lei Wulong have appeared on five.

Some characters, have movesets similar to previous seen, such as in the case of Jin Kazama. Others, like Anna Williams, are often labelled as "clones" for largely sharing the same techniques of other characters.^[33][34]

Some of Tekken characters have been featured as guest characters in other video games, such as Digimon World Re:Digitize, Naruto Shippuden: Ultimate Ninja Storm 2, Pac-Man Fever, Smash Court Tennis Pro Tournament 2, Soulcalibur II, Ridge Racer 6 and Urban Reign, as well as in some crossover role-playing video games, including Cross Edge, Namco × Capcom and the upcoming Project X Zone.

Adaptations[link]

Tekken: The Motion Picture, a two-part OVA anime series, was released in Japan in 1998. It was developed by Studio Deen and directed by Kunihisa Sugishima. Its story follows Kazuya Mishima's revenge against his father Heihachi in the King of Iron Fist Tournament.^[35]

There has also been two printed adaptations of the games. Tekken Forever, a comic book by Dave Chi and illustrated by Paco Diaz and published by Image Comics in December 2001, features a story that focused on the Kazama family and also the Unknown character from Tekken Tag Tournament.^[36] Tekken: Tatakai no Kanatani (鉄拳：戦いの彼方に^?, lit. "Tekken: The Other Side of Battle") is a manga written by Keiichi Suzuki and published by Shogakukan, which was collected in two tankobon volumes with the first one on December 5, 2000 and the second one on April 5, 2001.^[37][38]

Tekken, a live-action film directed by Dwight H. Little and starring John Foo, Ian Anthony Dale and Kelly Overton, was released in Japan on March 20, 2010 through Warner Bros. Pictures. The film focuses on Jin Kazama who enters into the King of Iron Fist Tournament after his mother's death.^[39] Katsuhiro Harada, director of the Tekken video game series, has panned the film.^[40]

Tekken: Blood Vengeance, a full-length CGI-animated anime film in Digital 3D, directed by Youichi Mouri, premiered in United States in 2011 and was released in Japan two months later that same year. Digital Frontier developed and Bandai Entertainment distributed the film. Unlike previous films, Blood Vengeance is set within the official Tekken storyline and is set between the events of Tekken 5 and Tekken 6.^[41] It was released in Japan in December 2011 as a part of the collection Tekken Hybrid.^[21]

Characters and settings from the series also appear in the collectible card game Universal Fighting System by Fantasy Flight Games and in Epic Battles by Score Entertainment.

A prequel to the 2010 film titled Tekken: Rise of the Tournament is in development and will be directed by Prachya Pinkaew.^[42]

Reception[link]

As of August 2010, the Tekken franchise has sold 40 million units of games.^[60] Critical reception to the games has been positive with Tekken 3 receiving an average of 96% at Metacritic and GameRankings.^[46][47]

Developers of non-Tekken games have commented on the series. Ed Boon, the co-creator of Mortal Kombat, revealed in one of his interviews with GamePro that his favorite fighting game out of his competitors is Tekken.^[61] Both Sega and Namco have shown interest in a possible crossover between Virtua Fighter and Tekken.^[62] The series often been labelled as a "rival" to Virtua Fighter as the two became the most famous 3D fighting game series.^[63] On the other hand, Tomonobu Itagaki, designer of the Dead or Alive series expressed dislike for the Tekken franchise to the point of placing it as one of his most hated games.^[64]

References[link]

External links[link]

• Official website
• Official website (European)
• Official website (Japanese)
• Tekken Wiki
• Tekkenpedia