Muchmusic

Saturday, 02 February 2013

One Direction Much Music Interview 5-31-2012 (FULL)

Lady Gaga Live at Much Music Awards 2009

One Direction Much Music Interview in Canada (FULL)

MuchMusic: Jedward in Toronto - Part 1 of 3

MuchMusic: Jedward in Toronto - Part 2 of 3

dread mar i - asi fue -video much music sessions

Lady Gaga Medley Much Music Awards 2009 (HD)

Luther Vandross - Never Too Much (Music Video) HD

Christina Aguilera Reflection Live MuchMusic

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750 Burrard Street
750 Burrard Street is a building in Downtown Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, at the northeast corner of Robson Street and Burrard Street.
The site was home of the main branch of the Vancouver Public Library from 1957 to 1995. In December 1996, Canada's first (and ultimately only) Virgin Megastore opened on the lower level; Virgin eventually decided to exit the Canadian market and sold the location to HMV in September 2005. In late 2011, HMV Canada, now separately owned by Hilco UK, announced plans to close the Burrard location in January 2012 as part of a corporate refocusing towards smaller locations.
The upper levels were taken over in fall 1997 as studios for the newly launched independent TV station VTV. VTV later became part of the CTV Television Network, and the site now serves as CTV's west coast headquarters. The site selection, and indeed much of the VTV format, had been inspired by Toronto station Citytv and the iconic downtown studios that were at the time synonymous with the station. Incidentally, CTV would later acquire the Toronto building in question (but not Citytv).

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9 Channel Nine Court
9 Channel Nine Court (temporarily known as 9 Dave Devall Way for several months beginning in April 2009) is the civic address of an office and studio complex of Bell Canada's media unit, Bell Media (formerly CTVglobemedia) in the Agincourt neighbourhood of Toronto, Ontario, Canada, alternatively known as the CTV Toronto Studios, CFTO-TV Studios or Bell Media Agincourt.
It is currently home to the offices and main studios of the CTV Television Network, its local station CFTO-TV, and several other Bell Media properties including TSN, Canada's 24-hour sports news service. Previously the building also served as the official corporate head office of CTVglobemedia until it was relocated to 299 Queen Street West in 2008.
The building's "vanity" civic address refers to the over-the-air channel on which CFTO, the building's original tenant, broadcasts. It is located at the northwest corner of the junction of Highway 401 and McCowan Road. The CTV network began to use the CFTO facilities for CTV News broadcasts beginning in the mid-1960s, but its head offices were located in Downtown Toronto until after its acquisition by CFTO's parent, Baton Broadcasting, in 1997. Operations for several other TV channels have been centralized there since then.

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Argentina
Argentina ⁱ/ˌɑrdʒənˈtiːnə/, officially the Argentine Republic (Spanish: República Argentina [reˈpuβlika aɾxenˈtina]), is a country in South America, the continent's second largest by land area, after Brazil. It is constituted as a federation of 23 provinces and an autonomous city, Buenos Aires. It is the eighth-largest country in the world by land area and the largest among Spanish-speaking nations.
Argentina's continental area is between the Andes mountain range in the west and the Atlantic Ocean in the east. It borders Paraguay and Bolivia to the north, Brazil and Uruguay to the northeast, and Chile to the west and south. Argentine claims over Antarctica, as well as overlapping claims made by Chile and the United Kingdom, are suspended by the Antarctic Treaty of 1961. Argentina also claims the Falkland Islands (Spanish: Islas Malvinas) and South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands, which are administered by the United Kingdom as British Overseas Territories.
A recognised middle power, Argentina is Latin America's third-largest economy, with a "very high" rating on the Human development index. Within Latin America, Argentina has the fifth highest nominal GDP per capita and the highest in purchasing power terms. Analysts have argued that the country has a "foundation for future growth due to its market size, levels of foreign direct investment, and percentage of high-tech exports as share of total manufactured goods", and it is classed by investors as middle emerging economy. Argentina is a founding member of the United Nations, Mercosur, the Union of South American Nations, the Organization of Ibero-American States, the World Bank Group and the World Trade Organization, and is one of the G-15 and G-20 major economies.

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BookTelevision
BookTelevision is a Canadian, English-language, Category A specialty channel that broadcasts programming relating to books, literature, and various media. It is owned by Bell Media.
In November 2000, Learning and Skills Television of Alberta, a company majority owned by CHUM Limited (60%), was awarded a category 1 television broadcasting licence by the Canadian Radio-television and Telecommunications Commission (CRTC) called BookTelevision - The Channel, described as "a national English-language Category 1 specialty television service that will feature magazines and talk shows, dramas and documentaries that are exclusively based upon printed and published works, and offered with additional programming that provides an educational context and promotes reading."
The channel was launched on September 7, 2001. Although, shortly after the channel's launch, "The Channel" was dropped from its name and logo, resulting in a name change to simply BookTelevision.
On February 15, 2005, CHUM completed the purchase of the remaining interest in LSTA, bringing its ownership to 100 percent. A year later, in July 2006, Bell Globemedia (later renamed CTVglobemedia) announced that it would purchase CHUM for an estimated $1.7 billion CAD, included in the sale was LSTA and its interest in BookTelevision. The sale was subject to CRTC approval and was approved in June 2007, with the transaction completed on June 22, 2007. In 2008, LSTA (then known as Access Media Group) was wound up into CTV Limited (the renamed CHUM Limited).

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Canada
Canada ( /ˈkænədə/) is a North American country consisting of ten provinces and three territories. Located in the northern part of the continent, it extends from the Atlantic Ocean in the east to the Pacific Ocean in the west, and northward into the Arctic Ocean. Spanning over 9,900,000 km² (3,800,000 sq mi), Canada is the world's second-largest country by total area, and its common border with the United States is the longest land border in the world.
The land that is now Canada has been inhabited for millennia by various Aboriginal peoples. Beginning in the late 15th century, British and French colonial expeditions explored, and later settled, along the region's Atlantic coast. France ceded nearly all of its colonies in North America in 1763 after the Seven Years' War. In 1867, with the union of three British North American colonies through Confederation, Canada was formed as a federal dominion of four provinces. This began an accretion of provinces and territories and a process of increasing autonomy; the Canada Act 1982 severed the vestiges of legal dependence on Britain.

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CFGO
Coordinates: 45°25′39.1″N 75°41′28.2″W / 45.427528°N 75.691167°W / 45.427528; -75.691167 (CFGO's broadcast location)
CFGO is a Canadian radio station, which broadcasts at 1200 on the AM dial in Ottawa. The station broadcasts sports programming, using the brand name The Team 1200.
The station was launched in 1964 by Confederation Broadcasting, with the call letters CKPM. It originally broadcast at 1440 AM.
In 1970, the Canadian Radio-television and Telecommunications Commission revoked Confederation's licence, alleging that the company had failed to live up to its financial and management obligations. Confederation appealed to the Supreme Court of Canada, who ruled in April 1971 that Confederation had not had a fair hearing before the CRTC.
In 1972, majority interest in the station was sold to Baton Broadcasting. The station also adopted its current CFGO callsign that year and moved to a Top 40 music format to compete with top-rated CFRA. The station moved to its current frequency (with a better signal, from 1440AM to 1200AM) in 1986, and was sold to Rawlco Communications the following year. Playing Starship's "We Built This City" as the inaugural song on the new 1200 kHz (1200AM) transmitter, Rawlco transitioned the station from Top 40 to adult contemporary as "Go-AM 12, Adult Rock." In 1988, Rawlco converted the station back to a contemporary hit radio format, using the brand name Energy 1200. The station subsequently changed its callsign to CJBZ and its brand name to The Buzz in late 1997, with a focus on more alternative and underground rock.

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CFRA
Coordinates: 45°25′39.1″N 75°41′28.2″W / 45.427528°N 75.691167°W / 45.427528; -75.691167 (CFRA's broadcast location)
CFRA is a Conservative talk radio station in Ottawa, Ontario, Canada, owned by Bell Media. The station broadcasts at 580 kHz on the AM band.
Frank Ryan founded the station, which began broadcasting with a 1000 watt transmitter at 560 kHz on May 3, 1947. The first studios were located at the Ottawa Auditorium on O'Connor Street, where the station spent its first ten years. In 1962, the station moved to its present frequency (580 kHz) and increased its daytime power to 50 kW, and nighttime power to 10 kW.
After Ryan's death in 1965, ownership of the station passed to his wife Kathleen, who subsequently sold CFRA and sister station CFMO-FM to CHUM Limited in 1968.
Between 1980 and 1984 on Saturday afternoons from 2 to 5pm; CFRA had once held an Oldies Show by Satellite that was hosted by American comedian Gary Owens of formerly of the Laugh-in TV show; it was entitled Soundtrack Of The Sixties, where song requests were offered by postcard to the station as an entry towards the yearly-end prize.

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CHUM Limited
CHUM Limited was a media company based in Toronto, Ontario, Canada from 1945 to 2007. Immediately prior to its acquisition, it held full or joint control of two Canadian television systems — Citytv and A-Channel (formerly NewNet, now CTV Two) — comprising 11 local stations, and one CBC Television (Canadian Broadcasting Corporation) affiliate, one provincial educational channel, and 20 branded specialty television channels, most notably MuchMusic and its various spinoffs. In addition, CHUM controlled 33 radio stations across Canada. At various points in its history, CHUM owned other radio stations and ATV/Atlantic Satellite Network in Atlantic Canada.
CHUM was taken over by Bell Globemedia (now Bell Media), owner of the CTV Television Network in July 2006. Regulatory approval was made conditional on the sale of CHUM's five Citytv stations to Rogers Communications. CTVglobemedia took control of CHUM's other assets effective June 22, 2007. The company itself has since been renamed CTV Limited (now CTV Inc.) and continues operation as a subsidiary of Bell Media. Its radio broadcasting division, CHUM Radio has since became Bell Media Radio after Bell Canada took control of CTV's assets, thus becoming Bell Media. Its Toronto radio stations TSN RADIO 1050 and 104.5 CHUM-FM continues use "CHUM" as their station's call sign. However, CHUM no longer operates as a broadcasting company separate from its new parent.

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CKLW
CKLW is a 50,000 watt AM radio station broadcasting on 800 kHz and located in Windsor, Ontario, Canada, and serving Windsor and Detroit. Additionally, its signal can be heard as far west as Belding, Michigan; as far east as Batavia, New York; as far south as Edgewood, Kentucky; and as far north as Posen, Michigan.^{[citation needed]}
It is best known for having been one of the most influential Top 40 stations in the world in the 1960s and 1970s. During this era, CKLW used a very tight Top 40 format known as Boss Radio, devised by radio programmer Bill Drake. However, CKLW never actually used the handle "boss" on the air, just the style. Rather than a "Boss 30", CKLW's weekly music survey was known as a "Big 30". And instead of calling itself "Boss Radio", CKLW called itself "The Big 8". During this period it was the top-rated radio station not only in Windsor, but across the river in Detroit, and even in cities as far away as Toledo and Cleveland in Ohio.
In its current incarnation, CKLW is a news/talk radio station primarily serving listeners in Windsor and Essex County in Ontario, Canada, with a mix of local and syndicated programs, including some programs from the United States.

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CKWW
CKWW is a Canadian radio station, broadcasting at 580 AM in Windsor, Ontario. The station plays an oldies format targeted to the Windsor/Detroit market.
The original applicant for the CKWW licence was Royce Frith (later to be a Canadian Senator), but he sold the station to Geoff Stirling before it went to air. The station was launched by Stirling on March 29, 1964, with the official first day of broadcasting on March 30, 1964 [1]. Initially CKWW featured a strictly MOR or "good" music format with a heavy news and information commitment, making it the Windsor equivalent of Detroit's WJR. In 1967, sister station CKWW-FM was launched (later CJOM and now CIMX).
Stirling sold the stations in 1984, and the station dropped its MOR/adult contemporary music programming to adopt a news-talk format in 1989.
In 1993, CHUM acquired CKLW and CKLW-FM as well. CKLW (by then a Music of Your Life station) and CKWW swapped formats, with CKLW becoming the news-talk station and CKWW adopting the adult standards format.

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Colombia
Colombia ( /kəˈlʌmbiə/ kə-LUM-biə, or /kəˈlɒmbiə/ kə-LOM-biə), officially the Republic of Colombia (Spanish: República de Colombia [reˈpuβlika ðe koˈlombja]), is a unitary constitutional republic comprising thirty-two departments. The country is located in northwestern South America, bordered to the northwest by Panama; to the north by the Caribbean Sea; to the east by Venezuela and Brazil; to the south by Ecuador and Peru; and to the west by the Pacific Ocean. Colombia has maritime borders with Ecuador, Panama, Venezuela, Jamaica, Haiti, the Dominican Republic, Honduras, Nicaragua and Costa Rica. Colombia is the 26th largest country by area and the fourth largest in South America after Brazil, Argentina and Peru. With over 46 million people, Colombia is the 27th largest country in the world by population and has the second largest population of any Spanish-speaking country in the world, after Mexico. Colombia is a middle power, with the fourth largest economy in Latin America, and the third largest in South America. Colombia is famous for the production of coffee, flowers, emeralds, coal, and oil. All of these products make up the primary sector of economy.

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CP24
CablePulse24 (CP24) is a Canadian English language Category A specialty news channel owned and operated by Bell Media. Based in Toronto, it focuses on local news from the Greater Toronto Area and Southern Ontario, although it also covers national and international news. It is distributed through cable in Southern Ontario and direct broadcast satellite nationally.
The channel was licensed by the Canadian Radio-television and Telecommunications Commission (CRTC) in 1996 as Pulse 24, and launched on March 30, 1998 as CablePulse 24 (CP24) on March 30, 1998, under the ownership of CHUM Limited and minority partner Sun Media, owner of the Toronto Sun daily newspaper. The network was named as an extension of CITY-TV's newscasts, which were then known as CityPulse.
On December 1, 2004 CHUM Limited acquired the remaining interest in CP24 (giving it 100% of its shares), when the Sun's owners sold their 29.9% share in CP24 after acquiring its independent broadcast station Toronto 1 (now Sun News Network), the same day when CHUM Limited took control of Craig Media and its assets.

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Czech Republic
The Czech Republic (ⁱ/ˈtʃɛk/ CHEK;Czech: Česká republika, pronounced [ˈtʃɛskaː ˈrɛpuˌblɪka] ( listen), short form Česko Czech pronunciation: [ˈtʃɛskɔ]) is a landlocked country in Central Europe. The country is bordered by Poland to the north, Germany to the west, Austria to the south and Slovakia to the east. Its capital and largest city, with 1.3 million inhabitants, is Prague.
It is a pluralist multi-party parliamentary representative democracy, a member of the European Union, NATO, the OECD, the OSCE, the Council of Europe and the Visegrád Group.
The Czech state, formerly known as Bohemia, was formed in the late 9th century as a small duchy around Prague, at that time under dominance of the powerful Great Moravian Empire (which reached its greatest territorial extent during the reign of Svatopluk I from the House of Mojmír). After the fall of the Empire in 907, the centre of power was transferred from Moravia to Bohemia, under the Přemyslids. During the rule of Přemyslid dukes/kings and their successors, the Luxembourgs, the country reached its greatest territorial extent (13th–14th century). Life in the country was significantly affected by the Hussite wars, during which it faced economic embargo and crusades from all over Europe. Following the Battle of Mohács in 1526, the Crown of Bohemia was gradually integrated into the Habsburg monarchy as one of its three principal parts alongside the Archduchy of Austria and the Kingdom of Hungary. The Bohemian Revolt (1618–20) led to the further centralization of the monarchy including forced recatholization and Germanization. During radical reforms in the 18th century the Bohemian Crown was even de facto abolished (1749). In the 19th century the Czech lands became the industrial powerhouse of the monarchy and the core of the Republic of Czechoslovakia which was formed in 1918, following the collapse of the Austro-Hungarian empire after World War I.

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Electric Circus
Electric Circus, aka EC, was a Canadian live dance music television program aired on MuchMusic and Citytv. It aired from September 16, 1988 until December 12, 2003.
The name originated from the nightclub that once existed at Citytv's first studio at 99 Queen Street East in Toronto.
The show was also simulcast on MuchUSA during the show's run and also had a loyal following among American viewers, especially dance music fans who tuned in since it was the only place to see artists and videos from the genre, which usually gets shunned or avoided by MTV in the United States. In addition, a Francophone version of Electric Circus aired on Musique Plus, telecasting live from Montreal and had the same set up as Toronto's.
The dance hall where people were invited to dance which the show used was the MuchMusic studios on the main floor of the CHUM-City Building in Toronto, but audiences often spilled out onto Queen Street West, and on warm days the windows to the studio were opened, with some acts performing outside. It was also not uncommon for dancers to be stationed on the CHUM-City rooftop or even on rooftops of buildings across the street, effectively making the surrounding neighbourhood part of the set. Most music played was pre-recorded but live acts also were invited on some shows, and in the 1990s guest deejays were also featured. The show was hosted by Monika Deol until 1996, along with Michael Williams, followed by George Lagogianes, and also featured dancing floor director MC Craig F. (Craig Halket of Combat Des Clips on MuchMusic.) After that, a rotation of various hosts took over. The show was an hour and a half, until 2001, when it shortened to just an hour long. Two concerts were hosted annually. One at Canada's Wonderland, during the summer and another in the winter, at Winterlude in Ottawa.

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Finland
Coordinates: 65°N 27°E / 65°N 027°E / 65; 027
Finland ⁱ/ˈfɪnlənd/ ( Finnish: Suomi; Swedish: Finland (help·info)), officially the Republic of Finland, is a Nordic country situated in the Fennoscandian region of Northern Europe. It is bordered by Sweden in the west, Norway in the north and Russia in the east, while Estonia lies to its south across the Gulf of Finland.
Around 5.4 million people reside in Finland, with the majority concentrated in the southern region. It is the eighth largest country in Europe in terms of area and the most sparsely populated country in the European Union. Finland is a parliamentary republic with a central government based in Helsinki and local governments in 336 municipalities, and an autonomous region of the Åland Islands. About one million residents live in the Greater Helsinki area, which consists of Helsinki, Espoo, Kauniainen and Vantaa, and a third of the country's GDP is produced there. Other larger cities include Tampere, Turku, Oulu, Jyväskylä, Lahti and Kuopio.

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Indonesia
Indonesia (ⁱ/ˌɪndəˈniːʒə/ IN-də-NEE-zhə or /ˌɪndoʊˈniːziə/ IN-doh-NEE-zee-ə), officially the Republic of Indonesia (Indonesian: Republik Indonesia Indonesian pronunciation: [rɛpʊblɪk ɪndɔnɛsɪa]), is a country in Southeast Asia and Oceania. Indonesia is an archipelago comprising approximately 17,508 islands. It has 33 provinces with over 238 million people, and is the world's fourth most populous country. Indonesia is a republic, with an elected legislature and president. The nation's capital city is Jakarta. The country shares land borders with Papua New Guinea, East Timor, and Malaysia. Other neighboring countries include Singapore, Philippines, Australia, and the Indian territory of the Andaman and Nicobar Islands. Indonesia is a founding member of ASEAN and a member of the G-20 major economies. The Indonesian economy is the world's 17th largest economy by nominal GDP.
The Indonesian archipelago has been an important trade region since at least the 7th century, when Srivijaya and then later Majapahit traded with China and India. Local rulers gradually absorbed foreign cultural, religious and political models from the early centuries CE, and Hindu and Buddhist kingdoms flourished. Indonesian history has been influenced by foreign powers drawn to its natural resources. Muslim traders brought Islam, and European powers brought Christianity and fought one another to monopolize trade in the Spice Islands of Maluku during the Age of Discovery. Following three and a half centuries of Dutch colonialism, Indonesia secured its independence after World War II. Indonesia's history has since been turbulent, with challenges posed by natural disasters, corruption, separatism, a democratization process, and periods of rapid economic change.

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Mexico
Mexico (ⁱ/ˈmɛksɨkoʊ/; Spanish: México, IPA: [ˈmexiko] ( listen)), officially the United Mexican States (Spanish: Estados Unidos Mexicanos (help·info)), is a federal constitutional republic in North America. It is bordered on the north by the United States of America; on the south and west by the Pacific Ocean; on the southeast by Guatemala, Belize, and the Caribbean Sea; and on the east by the Gulf of Mexico. Covering almost two million square kilometres (over 760,000 sq mi), Mexico is the fifth largest country in the Americas by total area and the thirteenth largest independent nation in the world. With an estimated population of over 113 million, it is the eleventh most populous country and the most populous Spanish-speaking country. Mexico is a federation comprising thirty-one states and a Federal District, the capital city.
In Pre-Columbian Mexico many cultures matured into advanced civilizations such as the Olmec, the Toltec, the Teotihuacan, the Zapotec, the Maya and the Aztec before the first contact with Europeans. In 1521, Spain conquered and colonized the territory from its base in México-Tenochtitlan, which was administered as the Viceroyalty of New Spain. This territory would eventually become Mexico as the colony's independence was recognized in 1821. The post-independence period was characterized by economic instability, the Mexican-American War and territorial cession to the United States, a civil war, two empires and a domestic dictatorship. The latter led to the Mexican Revolution in 1910, which culminated with the promulgation of the 1917 Constitution and the emergence of the country's current political system. Elections held in July 2000 marked the first time that an opposition party won the presidency from the Institutional Revolutionary Party.

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MuchMusic
MuchMusic (often referred to simply as Much) is a Canadian English language Category A specialty channel owned by Bell Media. MuchMusic is dedicated to music-related programs, pop and youth culture.
MuchMusic was licensed on April 2, 1984 by the Canadian Radio-television and Telecommunications Commission (CRTC) to CHUM Limited. Shortly thereafter, MuchMusic was launched on August 31, 1984 as one of the first Canadian cable specialty channels on the air. It was headed by John Martin and Moses Znaimer, the channel's founders. On June 22, 2007, CTVglobemedia gained control of MuchMusic as a result of a takeover of CHUM Limited.
The first video played on MuchMusic was "an early music-to-film synchronization short from the 1920s which featured Eubie Blake performing Snappy Songs." The first video made specifically for television air play was Rush's "The Enemy Within".
Bell Canada gained control of MuchMusic through its takeover of CTVglobemedia on April 1, 2011, thus renaming the company's name to Bell Media and giving the channel a new look and a new logo, as well as airing television shows, mainly dramas and reality shows.

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Ontario
Ontario /ɒnˈtɛərioʊ/ is one of the provinces of Canada, located in east-central Canada. It is Canada's most populous province or territory and fourth largest in total area. It is home to the nation's most populous city, Toronto, and the nation's capital, Ottawa.
Ontario is bordered by the province of Manitoba to the west, Hudson Bay to the north, Quebec to the east, and to the south by the U.S. states of Minnesota, Michigan (portions to the west), New York (portions to the east), Ohio and Pennsylvania. All but a small part of Ontario's 2,700 km (1,677 mi) border with the United States follow inland waterways: from the west at Lake of the Woods, eastward along the major rivers and lakes of the Great Lakes/St. Lawrence River drainage system. These are the Rainy River, the Pigeon River, Lake Superior, the St. Mary's River, Lake Huron, the St. Clair River, Lake St. Clair, the Detroit River, Lake Erie, the Niagara River, Lake Ontario, and along the St. Lawrence River from Kingston, Ontario to the Quebec boundary just east of Cornwall, Ontario.

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Singapore
Singapore (ⁱ/ˈsɪŋəpɔər/ SI-ngə-pohr), officially the Republic of Singapore, is a Southeast Asian city-state off the southern tip of the Malay Peninsula, 137 kilometres (85 mi) north of the equator. An island country made up of 63 islands, it is separated from Malaysia by the Straits of Johor to its north and from Indonesia's Riau Islands by the Singapore Strait to its south. Singapore is highly urbanised but almost half of the country is covered by greenery. More land is being created for development through land reclamation.

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Taiwan
Taiwan (ⁱ/ˌtaɪˈwɑːn/ TY-WAHN; Chinese: 臺灣 or 台灣; pinyin: Táiwān; see below), officially the Republic of China (ROC; Chinese: 中華民國; pinyin: Zhōnghuá Mínguó), is a state in East Asia. Originally based in mainland China, the Republic of China now governs the island of Taiwan (formerly known as Formosa), which forms over 99% of its current territory, as well as Penghu, Kinmen, Matsu, and other minor islands. Neighboring states include the People's Republic of China to the west, Japan to the east and northeast, and the Philippines to the south. Taipei is the capital city and economic and cultural centre of the country, and New Taipei is the most populous city.
The earliest evidence of inhabitation of Taiwan dates back to the late Paleolithic era. The island of Taiwan was mainly inhabited by Taiwanese aborigines before being colonized in the 17th century by the Dutch and the Spanish Empire. The first Han Chinese polity on Taiwan began when Koxinga's troops defeated Dutch forces and established the Kingdom of Tungning. The island was subsequently ruled by the Qing Dynasty after the kingdom's defeat in the Battle of Penghu in 1683, a period that lasted for over 200 years. Following Japan's victory over the Qing Dynasty in the first Sino-Japanese war, Taiwan was ceded to Japan under the Treaty of Shimonoseki in 1895.

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Toronto
Toronto (/təˈrɒntoʊ/, colloquially /ˈtrɒnoʊ/) is the largest city in Canada and the provincial capital of Ontario. It is located in Southern Ontario on the northwestern shore of Lake Ontario. A relatively modern city, Toronto's history dates back to the late-18th century, when its land was first purchased by the British monarchy from the Mississaugas of the New Credit. The settlement was later established as the Town of York and proclaimed as the new capital of Upper Canada by its lieutenant-governor, John Graves Simcoe. In 1834, York was incorporated as a city and renamed to its present name. The city was ransacked in the Battle of York during the War of 1812 and damaged in two great fires in 1849 and in 1904. Since its incorporation, Toronto has repeatedly expanded its borders through amalgamation with surrounding municipalities, most recently in 1998.
With over 2.6 million residents, it is the fifth most populous city in North America. Its metropolitan area has over 5.5 million residents. Toronto is at the heart of the Greater Toronto Area (GTA), and is part of a densely populated region in Southern Ontario known as the Golden Horseshoe, which has a population of nearly 9 million people as of 2011. The census metropolitan area (CMA) had a population of 5,583,064, and the Greater Toronto Area had a population of 6,054,191 in the 2011 Census. Its cosmopolitan and international population reflects its role as an important destination for immigrants to Canada. Toronto is one of the world's most diverse cities by percentage of non-native-born residents, with about 49% of the population born outside Canada. Toronto is also consistently rated as one of the world's most livable cities by the Economist Intelligence Unit and the Mercer Quality of Living Survey.

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United States
The United States of America (commonly abbreviated to the United States, the U.S., the USA, America, and the States) is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district. The country is situated mostly in central North America, where its forty-eight contiguous states and Washington, D.C., the capital district, lie between the Pacific and Atlantic Oceans, bordered by Canada to the north and Mexico to the south. The state of Alaska is in the northwest of the continent, with Canada to the east and Russia to the west, across the Bering Strait. The state of Hawaii is an archipelago in the mid-Pacific. The country also possesses several territories in the Pacific and Caribbean.
At 3.79 million square miles (9.83 million km²) and with over 312 million people, the United States is the third or fourth largest country by total area, and the third largest by both land area and population. It is one of the world's most ethnically diverse and multicultural nations, the product of large-scale immigration from many countries. The U.S. economy is the world's largest national economy, with an estimated 2011 GDP of $15.1 trillion (22% of nominal global GDP and over 19% of global GDP at purchasing-power parity). Per capita income is the world's sixth-highest.

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Amanda Walsh
Amanda Walsh (born October 3, 1981) is a Canadian actress and former VJ for the Canadian television station MuchMusic.
Walsh was born in Rigaud, Quebec. She went to Hudson High School, in Hudson, Quebec.^{[citation needed]}
Since the age of 12, Walsh has been working as a professional actor and dabbled in sketches and stand-up comedy, with numerous TV appearances and a gold medal win at the 2000 Improv Games in Quebec as a member of the "8 People" troupe. An honours graduate from John Abbott College, Creative Arts program (in Ste. Anne de Bellevue), she has always maintained an avid interest in TV production and music, and at 16 co-produced a documentary on the swing revival. Between acting jobs, open mic nights doing stand-up, creating video comedies with her friends and learning to play the fiddle, she held a part time job as a waitress in Hudson, Quebec. Walsh started her acting career "acting" out border-crossing scenarios at the Canada Customs college in her home town of Rigaud.
Walsh co-starred in the straight to video sequel to the 1983 film WarGames called WarGames: The Dead Code. She was also in an episode of Are You Afraid Of The Dark?

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Angela Dohrmann
Angela Dohrmann (born August 8, 1965) is an American actress and television personality. She grew up in Des Moines, Iowa.
She was a VJ for MuchMusic, the Canadian music video channel, in the early 1990s. She also pursued a career in acting, with a supporting role in the CBC Television sitcom Material World. After leaving MuchMusic, she returned to the United States and pursued acting roles, including guest appearances on Seinfeld (as Donna Chang in the episode "The Chinese Woman"), Ellen and Star Trek: Voyager, and recurring roles on The Drew Carey Show and Nash Bridges.
She currently teaches a course in comedy at Dickinson College in Carlisle, Pennsylvania.

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Avi Lewis
Avram David "Avi" Lewis (born 1968) is a Canadian documentary filmmaker, host of the Al Jazeera English show Fault Lines, and former host of the Canadian Broadcasting Corporation (CBC) current-affairs program On the Map.
Avi Lewis is the great grandson of Moshe Losz (Lewis), an outspoken member of the Jewish Bund who left Svisloch, Poland (today Belarus) for Montreal in 1921, with his wife Rose (née Lazarovitch) and three children, after being interrogated by the Russians for days and threatened with death or the Gulag for his political activity. Avi Lewis is the grandson of former federal NDP leader David Lewis and the son of politician and diplomat Stephen Lewis and journalist Michele Landsberg. Avi Lewis is married to journalist and author Naomi Klein; his sister Ilana Landsberg-Lewis is married to musician and activist Lorraine Segato.
Lewis grew up in Toronto, Ontario, and attended Jarvis Collegiate and Upper Canada College. He graduated from the University of Toronto in 1988.
Lewis was featured on the November 20, 2001 "Life & Times" episode of The Lewis Family.

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Bill Welychka
Bill Welychka (born in Welland, Ontario) is a Canadian television personality.
Welychka joined CHUM Limited in 1988 as a video editor for MuchMusic. In 1992, he became a VJ for the channel, staying with Much for eight years until moving to sister station MuchMoreMusic in 2000.
In 2005, Welychka moved to CKEM in Edmonton to take on hosting duties with Breakfast Television when the station was rebranded as Citytv.
In September 2006, Welyckha moved to A-Channel Ottawa, as the new weather anchor. In August, 2011, Bill was let go from A-Channel Ottawa. No explanation was given to viewers.
Welychka is an alumnus of Thornlea Secondary School in Thornhill, Ontario.

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Bradford How
Bradford How (born June 22, 1977) was a MuchMusic VJ from 2000 to 2003. He won the 2000 MuchMusic VJ Search, and became one of the channel's most well-liked video jockeys. After stints hosting Electric Circus and Gonna Meet A Rockstar, among other shows, he left MuchMusic on October 30, 2003 to pursue other ambitions. In 2004, he applied to join VH1, and became a co-host of the channel's Top 20 countdown, alongside another former Muchmusic VJ, Rachel Perry. He also co-hosted with Aamer Haleem. He currently hosts Nick at Nite's "Bet The House" and is a spokesperson for Nationwide Insurance.

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Byron Wong
Byron Kent Wong (born in Vancouver, British Columbia) is a Toronto and Los Angeles-based producer, musician, director and entrepreneur.
He founded Random Media Core Inc, in 1993, a Canadian company dedicated to music, design, marketing, and new media.
He hosted and co-produced Citytv's The NewMusic from 1997-1999.
In 1999 he co-founded Blue Spark, with entrepreneur, Kevin Bartus. Bluespark became one Canada's premiere web and e-commerce development companies. In 2004 it was acquired by OnX Enterprise Solutions, which in 2006 re-branded as Momentum.
2010 sees the launch of zero11zero, a company dedicated to the convergence of motion media, new media, music, artist development and publishing.
As a music and tv/media producer, he has worked with The Crystal Method, The Eurythmics, David Usher, Delerium, David Bowie, Beck, Ben Harper, and many others. Recent work includes albums with Montreal's Hexes and Ohs, Winhara, Tyler Yarema, Roger Mooking, and remixes with and for Glenn Morrison, Craig Armstrong, Lange, Mendo, Blank & Jones/New Order's Bernard Sumner

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Dan Gallagher
Dan Gallagher (May 14, 1957 - January 20, 2001) was a Canadian broadcaster who hosted the CBC Television music video program Video Hits from 1991 to 1993. In the 1980s he appeared on the Canadian music channel MuchMusic as a VJ and host of the Pepsi Power Hour. In 1990 he hosted the game show Test Pattern on the station. He also guest-starred on the Canadian comedy show The Kids in the Hall.
He later hosted beach volleyball games on TSN, and was a featured contributor for Hockey Night in Canada
Dan attended L'Amoreaux Collegiate Institute in Scarborough in the mid 1970s and founded an in school radio station, Radio L'Am along with several other like minded friends. He also was active in student council activities.
Dan was a DJ at the Bullring, a pub on the campus of the University of Guelph.
In 1989, Dan Gallagher starred in the obscure low-budget horror anthology, Freakshow.
In 1991 Dan Gallagher was the in-stadium host of Toronto Argonauts football games at the SkyDome; he worked with a sidekick named Luc Casimiri.

wn.com/Dan_Gallagher
Daniel Richler
Daniel Richler (born 1957) is a Canadian arts and pop culture broadcaster and writer. He is the stepson of author Mordecai Richler.
Born in London, England, his family moved back to his stepfather's hometown of Montreal when Daniel was 15. He became a punk rocker as a teenager and was lead singer of the Alpha Jerks - the only local band with an anti-Secessionist agenda at the time of the 1980 Quebec Referendum. He also joined the Ontario biker gang, The New Hegelians, which were "encouraged" to quit the road by the Toronto Hell's Angels chapter in the early 1990s^{[citation needed]} .
From 1977 through the early 1980s, Richler was a deejay, presenter and critic on a variety of major market radio stations including CHOM-FM in Montreal and CJCL, CFNY-FM 102.1 "The Spirit of Radio" in Toronto. He also joined the Canadian Broadcasting Corporation where he was a cultural commentator on CBC Radio's Morningside with Peter Gzowski.
He moved to CITY-TV in 1985 becoming co-host and eventually producer of the The NewMusic, the internationally syndicated, pioneering weekly rockumentary show that pre-dated MTV and later gave rise to MuchMusic. The show fused international field journalism and in-depth interviews with rock videos to create an occasionally tough rockumentary newsmagazine geared at 15 to 30 year-olds. Items and documentaries included those on Band-Aid, post-revolutionary music in Zimbabwe, the Japanese pop industry, Andy Warhol’s art video work, William Burroughs, Frank Zappa at the PMRC hearings in Washington, the death and legacy of Bob Marley, Yoko Ono post-John, and Malcolm McLaren’s manufacture and manipulation of the Sex Pistols.

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Denise Donlon
Denise Anne Donlon, CM (born 22 February 1956) is a Canadian executive, television producer, television host, and programme director.
Born in Toronto, Ontario, she joined MuchMusic in 1985 as a host and producer. In 1992, she became the director of music programming, and was named vice-president and general manager in 1997.
From 2000 to 2004, she was the president of Sony Music Canada.
In 2005, she was appointed to the Board of Directors of CHUM Limited.
On September 17, 2008, Donlon was named executive director of CBC Radio's English-language services. She left CBC on or about July 8, 2011 and was succeeded by her 2nd in command, Chris Boyce.
She is a board member of the Governor General's Lifetime Achievement Performing Arts Awards, as well as Margaret Atwood's Long Pen Unotchit, is a trustee of Robert F Kennedy Jr's Canadian Waterkeepers, is committee member of MusiCounts. She holds two honourary doctorates (University of Calgary and University of Waterloo). She is a member of the Canadian Broadcasters Hall of Fame, she is a Lifetime Award recipient of the Toronto Women in Film and Television. In 2009 she was named one of Canada's Top l00 Powerful Women. She has won the Peter Gzowski Literacy Award of Merit (ABC Canada), a Woman of Vision Award, and Woman of the Year from Canadian Women in Communications. She holds two Gemini Awards - Special Event Coverage - Election Night 93 and in 1992, as Producer for the New Music. She won a Golden Sheaf Award from the Yorkton Film Festival for 'In Your Face - Violence in Music' in 1993. She has produced various charitable events including the Clinton Giustra Sustainable Growth Initiative (2008), President Clinton's 60th birthday party (2007 with Frank Giustra and Sam Feldman), Live 8 (Co-producer, Toronto 2006), Rock the Walk (Canada's Walk of Fame 2005/2006) and was involved with the Tsunami Concert of Hope event among others.

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Devon Soltendieck
Devon Soltendieck (born May 8, 1985 in Montreal, Quebec) is a former MuchMusic VJ from the city of Dorval, on the island of Montreal. He has been an anchor and reporter on CP24 since early 2010.
Born in Montreal, Quebec, Soltendieck attended a summer school for two months in Villars, Switzerland. He returned to Canada to finish high school and graduated from Selwyn House School in Westmount, Quebec, then from Dawson College CEGEP. While a student at Dawson, Soltendieck helped run the school newspaper. Before he was hired by MuchMusic, Soltendieck was a student of Economics and Political Science at Concordia University and continued his education in Finance at the University of Toronto thereafter. Soltendieck is a professionally trained violinist and horn player and has taught himself to play guitar and percussion. He is fluently bilingual in English and French.
Soltendieck's career began in 2004, when he won MuchMusic's VJ Search competition at the age of 18. He was first awarded a three month contract and went on to work for the station for six years. As a VJ, Soltendieck was part of the MuchNews team, interviewing numerous celebrities and covering current events. Soltendieck was also featured as an extra in the movie Fantastic Four as a MuchMusic reporter. He was voted one of TV Guide's "Top 10 Stars on the Verge of a Major Breakout" in March 2005.

wn.com/Devon_Soltendieck
Diego Fuentes
Diego Fuentes (full name: Diego Antonio Fuentes Lopez) is a Canadian actor of Chilean descent and Toronto socialite. He was MuchMusic's first ever VJ Search winner in 1995, going on to host the popular Clip Trip show on MuchMusic's sister station, MuchMoreMusic.
He has an extensive resume of film, TV, and stage performances. Most notably, he portrayed the character of Natividad Vacio in the 2007 film Hollywoodland.
He was a resident DJ on "Terrible Tuesdays" at the then popular Queenshead Pub in Toronto, ON from 2003-2005. While originally performing as 'Diego Fuentes', he adopted the moniker "Mexico 2000" to the delight of his fans.
He is a known advocate for customer rights in fast food restaurants and taxi services in the Greater Toronto Area, as well as a staunch supporter of water conservation.
In 2011, he appeared in the Drive One Series commercials of Ford Cars coining the catchy phrase "Who wants to stop for gas? I don't."
On Saturday May 12th, 2012, Fuentes was lead skip of a local curling team that went on to win the Gabby's 2012 annual Bonspiel held at the High Park Curling Club. The team completed the tournament with 4 wins, 0 losses and 0 ties.

wn.com/Diego_Fuentes
Ed the Sock
Ed the Sock is a puppet, created and voiced by Steven Kerzner, that became a Canadian television personality in the 1990s, best known for his appearances hosting programming on MuchMusic and his own talk show, Ed's Night Party, later renamed Ed & Red's Night Party. Ed the Sock has a scowl, a cigar sticking out of his mouth and a rough, gravelly voice.
Kerzner was a producer in the 1990s at Newton Cable, during this time the show went through several co-hosts which included Harland Williams, Eric Tunney and Tim Rykert. After Newton Cable was purchased by Rogers Cable in 1993, Kerzner was able to repackage the program for a wider cable audience with Ed the Sock as the star.
The new show attracted the interest of producer John Brunton, who took the program to CITY-TV. This show, co-hosted by "Humble" Howard Glassman (better known as half of the local radio morning show Humble & Fred), debuted on February 10, 1995, at 10:30 p.m. Eastern time. Brunton later departed the show after having some creative differences with Kerzner.

wn.com/Ed_the_Sock
Erica Ehm
Erica Ehm (Erica Miechowsky, born September 30, 1961 in Montreal, Quebec) is best known as a pioneering video jockey at the Canadian cable television station MuchMusic. She began her television career by contributing to Musi-Video, a local rock and video show produced in Montreal. Erica is a graduated with a BA in Communications from the University of Ottawa,
Ehm left MuchMusic after 10 years to concentrate on her songwriting career.
Since then, she has returned periodically to television, hosting or appearing in shows including Yummy Mummy on Life Network and Discovery Health in the U.S. among other countries, Popstars - The One (Global), Real Life with Erica Ehm (Life Network), Power Play (Discovery Channel Canada), The Company (TVOntario), Nestlé Baby and You (Rogers Cable) and Science: From A to Ehm.
After having a child in 2000 with her partner Terry Moshenberg, Founder of The League Of Rock, and another in 2003, she now directs much of her energy into parenting and runs the Yummy Mummy Club with a website at http://www.yummymummyclub.ca. She has written three stage musicals for the family market. After her first play, Caillou's Big Party, sold out in theatres across North America, she was commissioned to write two other shows, The Big Comfy Couch and Caillou's Big Book Club. She has also been contributing editor for What's Up Kids magazine.

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George Lagogianes
George Lagogianes is a Canadian television personality, currently a reporter/anchor for CP24.
Lagogianes was previously the host of Live at 5 before they changed the format of the show and changed the time from 5pm-5:30pm. He anchored the weeknight news. He was also previously the host of AutoShop.
Lagogianes graduated from Ryerson University with a bachelor's degree in radio and television arts. After graduation, he began work in 1988 as a camera operator for local Toronto television station Citytv and national music network MuchMusic, which at the time were both owned by CHUM Limited. He became a "videographer" for the CityPulse news programme in 1990, subsequently becoming a host and reporter for the national Bravo! arts network. He has also served as co-host of the national dance music series Electric Circus, and as an interviewer for Citytv's MovieTelevision, a programme which has been syndicated internationally in more than 90 countries.

wn.com/George_Lagogianes
Hannah Simone
Hannah Simone (born August 3, 1980) is a Canadian television host, actress, and former fashion model. From May 2006 to November 2008, she worked as a VJ for MuchMusic in Canada, and now stars as Cece Meyers on New Girl.
Hannah Simone was born on August 3, 1980 in London, England. She is of Indian origin on her father's side, and her mother is half German-Italian and half Greek-Cypriot. Simone spent her early childhood in Calgary, Alberta. From ages 7–10, Simone moved through three continents, attending schools in each. At the age of 13, Simone was living in Cyprus, and was working as a fashion model and was featured on the cover of a leading local fashion publication,^{[clarification needed]} At 16 years old, Simone lived in New Delhi, India and attended the American Embassy school and at 17 returned to Canada. Initially settling at White Rock, British Columbia, then subsequently relocating to Vancouver.
While attending the University of British Columbia, Simone received a BA in International Relations and Political Science. In 2004, while at Ryerson University, she received a BA in Radio and Television Arts.

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Jeanne Beker
Jeanne Beker (born 19 March 1952) is a Canadian television personality, author and newspaper columnist, who covers fashion and lifestyle news for CTV's FashionTelevision, FashionTelevisionChannel, and the Toronto Star.
She pronounces her personal name as "Jeannie".
Jeanne Beker was born in Toronto, Ontario to father Joseph Beker and mother Bronia Beker, two Holocaust survivors born in Kosowa, Poland who immigrated to Canada from a displaced persons camp in Austria. Jeanne was previously (from 1986 to 1998) married to Toronto radio personality Bob Magee, but is now divorced. They have two daughters together in Toronto.
Beker was born in Toronto, Ontario. She attended high school at William Lyon Mackenzie Collegiate Institute. She first launched her career as an actor, landing a role in the CBC Television sitcom Toby in 1968. She subsequently entered the theatre program at York University, and then went to Paris to study mime under Étienne Decroux. She then returned to Canada, working for CBC Radio as an arts and entertainment reporter in St. John's while pursuing her theatrical career.

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Jennifer Hollett
Jennifer Hollett is a Canadian television personality, currently a contributor to CBC News Network's prime time show Connect with Mark Kelley.
Formerly a MuchMusic VJ and videographer, she hosted MuchOnDemand, Much In Your Space, Combat Zone, Power Shift, Count Down, Live@Much and many specials until leaving the network in 2005.
Hollett started out as a radio jockey at Concordia University, where she received her Bachelor of Arts degree in Communications and Journalism. She later moved up to CTV, then to MuchMusic. Her working career started with Sony Music Canada in the New Media Division working on websites for artists such as Our Lady Peace, Prozzak and Céline Dion. She also has the distinction of being the youngest manager in the history of the Sony company.
In 2006, Hollett volunteered for CARE Canada, touring Canadian Secondary Schools and speaking to youth about her experiences in Kenya with the organization.
In 2012 she graduated from Harvard University.

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Jesse Giddings
Jesse Giddings born in Langley, British Columbia is a Canadian Television Host (media personality) starting October 2009 at MuchMusic, a music television station in Canada. He is also a musician, designer and a model.
Jesse studied at Langley Secondary School but left shortly after graduating. He then moved to San Clemente California before settling in Sacramento California for a time. Later Jesse moved back to Langley and started The Basement Venue promoting, emceeing and hosting All-Age concerts. This led Jesse to join Swingset Champion and where he met Sherwood who he later did a North American tour with The Academy Is..., Armor For Sleep, Cobra Starship, and The Rocket Summer . This led him to join We Shot The Moon for a brief stint. After touring Jesse moved to Calgary where he worked for Lakota drilling as a roughneck before jumping to Toronto to pursue a job at MuchMusic. He got back into modeling while waiting through the nine month audition process at MuchMusic. He caught the attention of the station's producers in an open casting call where he beat out thousands for the coveted position. He started his VJ job at MuchMusic on October 20, 2009. He co-hosts regularly on MuchOnDemand in addition to a variety of shows. (much on demand has now become "new music live" same time slot)

wn.com/Jesse_Giddings
Juliette Powell
Juliette Powell (born at Manhattan, New York, United States) is a Canadian television host, producer and author. She was the Miss Canada titleholder in 1989, that contest's first Black Canadian winner.
Powell, a fluently bilingual Montrealer, was born in Manhattan, New York and moved to Montreal with her French-Canadian mother at the age of eight, following her parents' divorce.^{[citation needed]}
After her reign as Miss Canada, including representing the country at Miss Universe 1989, Powell joined MusiquePlus in 1992 as a VJ, while also studying finance and business at McGill University. She was host of MusiquePlus' weekly dance music show, Bouge de là! until 1996.
That year, she moved to Toronto, transferring to MuchMusic and becoming host of Electric Circus and French Kiss, while also studying economics at the University of Toronto.
In 1999, Powell began working for CablePulse 24 as a business reporter and founded media and consulting company Powell International Entertainment Inc. (PIE Inc.) which produced features with personalities such as Nelson Mandela, Rubin 'Hurricane' Carter, Sir Richard Branson, Tim Burton, and Steven Spielberg, Tom Cruise, Janet Jackson, Tina Turner, Rosie O'Donnell and Prince Charles.

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Kim Clarke Champniss
Kim Clarke Champniss is a Canadian television personality and musician, best known as a VJ for MuchMusic in the 1980s. He began his career in music as a manager for New Wave bands such as Images in Vogue.
Champniss joined MuchMusic as host of its alternative rock programming, including City Limits. He subsequently left the network in the early 1990s and formed his own media production company, Invisible Republic. He also served as a contributing producer for MuchMusic's arts and culture sister channel Bravo!
In 1997, he also released the album A Sound Mind, which was credited to KCC & Dancespeak.
In 2005, Champniss returned to an on-air role, hosting the series The Word This Week on BookTelevision and A-Channel.
He was born in Bahrain and raised in London, England.
2007-08 Kim is now executive producer of E! Entertainment's Canada division.
In 2010, Champniss is hosting a Sunday nights 80s show on Edge102 in Toronto and also hosts weekend programming on boom 97.3.

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Lance Chilton
Lance Chilton was a Canadian television journalist.
He began his career at Citytv in Toronto in 1985, hosting City Magazine and Toronto Rocks and working as an entertainment reporter for CityPulse before joining MuchMusic as a reporter and anchor for FAX in 1990. He remained with that program until 1997, when he moved to The New VR (now A Barrie/Toronto) in Barrie to anchor the station's newscasts. In the summer of 2010, Chilton left "A" News, to start a new career in the Real Estate business. He anchored his last newscast on June 15, 2010.

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Lauren Toyota
Lauren Toyota is a Canadian television personality who gained national exposure as the co-host of 969 on Razer.
Toyota worked as an intern for "SONY BMG" towards a Diploma in Entertainment Administration before landing her opportunity at Razer. She was also the host of CityTV Vancouver's modern global music video show Ethnosonic. Most recently^[when?] she was a MuchMusic VJ based in Vancouver, British Columbia, where she co-hosted and produced the show Going Coastal. Going Coastal had been on MuchMusic since 1986 but was canceled in November 2008.
While working in Vancouver under the CTVGlobemedia umbrella, Toyota also acted as the West Coast Correspondent for Fashion Television in addition to producing for other CTVGlobemedia specialty channels including SPACE, Bravo, and Etalk. She moved back to Toronto, Ontario in 2009 where she worked as a freelance host/interviewer for a number of media outlets including MSN.ca, heavy.com, and BlackBerry/Research In Motion. In 2010, Toyota started at MuchMusic as a host and producer. She was a part of the stations new flagship show, New.Music.Live. In 2012, Lauren started hosting her own show on Much Music "Today's Top 10" weekdays at 10 pm ET.

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Leah Miller
Leah Miller (born July 20, 1981) is a former MuchMusic VJ from Toronto, and current host for So You Think You Can Dance Canada. She is also a correspondent for the entertainment news show ETalk, and until recently, hosts E! in Canada
Miller is the youngest of four children; she has an older sister and two older brothers. She won the title of Miss Junior Dance of Canada when she was 13 and danced on a competitive basis until age 16. After attending Don Bosco Secondary School in Toronto, Ontario, Miller moved to Los Angeles to gain acting experience and worked on Ashton Kutcher's celebrity prank show Punk'd and in Chris Rock's movie Down to Earth. Missing her family, she moved back to Toronto after a few years.
Miller joined the Much family as a VJ in November 2004 after trying out for four years. She hosted MuchMusic's flagship show "MuchOnDemand" for five years. She has hosted The MuchMusic Video Awards (MMVAS) and various Live@Much specials. Some of her notable interviews include Coldplay, Gwen Stefani, Halle Berry, Kanye West, Avril Lavigne, Rihanna, Matthew McConaughey, Fergie, Dallas Green, P!nk, Lily Allen, Taylor Swift, Hilary Duff, Malin Åkerman, The Pussycat Dolls, Jason Segel, and Paul Rudd. On August 31, 2009 Miller, along with all the other VJs, hosted her final MuchOnDemand episode. Perez Hilton, Hilary Duff and former VJ Matte Babel were included in the show.

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Master T
Tony "Master T" Young (born 1961 in England) is a Canadian television and radio personality and urban music promoter. He was raised in Kitchener, Ontario.
As a VJ for MuchMusic, Young was host of programs such as Rap City and Da Mix (formerly called X-Tendamix) from 1990 to 2001. When he left MuchMusic, his on-air farewell party featured an exclusive live performance by Lauryn Hill. During his time with Much Music, Master T successfully walked the line between comic relief and being a serious provider of urban music, to a nation that was less exposed to various forms of hip hop, soul, dance and reggae than it is now.
Young has also hosted the syndicated radio program Wall of Sound, produced by CIDC-FM.
During his time with Much, Master T was the primary promoter of the channel's Much DanceMix series of compilation CDs. Since leaving MuchMusic, he has produced and promoted his own Master T's series of hip hop and reggae compilations.
He was also one of the last music media personalities to interview 2Pac just days before Shakur was gunned down in Las Vegas. The interview was short but telling and is considered to be one of his (2Pac's) most passionate speeches. It is a relatively unknown interview, but can be found on some "music download" sites.

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Matte Babel
Matte Babel (born October 13, 1980) is a Canadian television personality. Formerly a VJ for MuchMusic, where he co-hosted Much on Demand, The IT List and Much 911. He also served as a morning host on Toronto's all-news channel CablePulse 24. He has also made appearances in music videos such as Rich London's The Answer and in k-os' 4, 3, 2, 1 and I Wish I Knew Natalie Portman. He appeared in an episode of Degrassi.
He left CP24 in 2011 to become ET Canada's new LA correspondent.

Babel was born in the Toronto district of Driftwood Ave.

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Monika Deol
Monika Deol is a Canadian television personality. She began as a reporter for Citytv in Toronto, and later became a VJ for MuchMusic, hosting and co-producing Electric Circus from 1988 to 1996. Deol was also an entertainment specialist on CityPulse at Six, host of MuchMusic’s news shows FAX and RapidFAX, and co-host of Citytv’s alternative fashion and style show Ooh La La.
Deol worked as a news anchor with VTV Vancouver and host with Citytv Vancouver in 2002. Deol lives in Vancouver with her husband Avtar Bains and their four children.

wn.com/Monika_Deol
Moses Znaimer
Moses Znaimer O.Ont (born 1942) is a co-founder and former head of Citytv, the first independent television station in Toronto, Canada, and the current head of ZoomerMedia.
Znaimer was born to Polish and Latvian Jewish parents who had fled the Nazi invasion of the Soviet Union and relocated to Kulyab in the Soviet republic of Tajikistan. Following the war his family landed in a German Displaced Persons camp, ultimately ending up in Montreal in 1948. He graduated from McGill University in Montreal with a B.A. in philosophy and politics (and served as president of the McGill Debating Union), and from Harvard University with an M.A. in government in the mid-1960s.
Znaimer's career in broadcasting began when he joined the Canadian Broadcasting Corporation (CBC) in the mid-1960s. He became well known for his work as host of CBC Radio's Cross Country Checkup, as well as co-host of CBC Television's Take 30 with Adrienne Clarkson. After being denied the opportunity to pursue his creative vision at the CBC, Znaimer quit and went into private broadcasting.

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Nadine Ramkisson
Nadine Ramkisson is a Trinidadian born television host.
Ramkisson worked in MuchMusic (Canada), on the show Electric Circus, starting out as a dancer and eventually becoming the show's host from 2000 to 2002. During this time, she interviewed many of show business' hottest stars, such as Wyclef Jean, Destiny's Child, Shaggy, Usher, Denzel Washington and many more actors, singers and athletes, often receiving very positive feedback from them.
Ramkisson is fluent in French and Spanish and sometimes uses these languages for her interviews. She has also appeared in several movies, such as Exotica (1994) and Soul Survivor (1995).

wn.com/Nadine_Ramkisson
Namugenyi Kiwanuka
Namugenyi "Nam" Kiwanuka (born in Uganda) is a Canadian television personality and journalist. Formerly a VJ for MuchMusic from 1999 to 2003, she was later a host of NBA XL and CFL Crunch on Rogers Sportsnet.
Kiwanuka came to Canada with her family in 1983, following the Ugandan Civil War. She was given the Christian name Mary, which she used while attending Ryerson University in Toronto in the mid-1990s, where she was in the journalism program.
With a desire to give a voice to and document the lives of the vulnerable, Nam is currently traveling the world with her video camera as a freelance journalist.
She’s told the stories of FGM survivors, the controversy over the N-word, the politics of the Confederate flag in America, IDPs in Northern Uganda and a grandmother who is raising 19 AIDS orphans. Nam’s writing has been published in international publications and she’s been featured in Maclean’s magazine; was named one of the 20 most beautiful Canadians and in May 2008, was honored as one to watch by Chatelaine magazine in the publication’s 80th anniversary issue.

wn.com/Namugenyi_Kiwanuka
Natalie Richard
Natalie Richard is a Canadian television personality, formerly a VJ on both the English-language MuchMusic and French-language MusiquePlus networks. On MuchMusic she hosted French Kiss for several years, which aired French language music videos. She also took the occasional acting role for television and film. She was most recently based in Montreal working on various television projects.

wn.com/Natalie_Richard
Rachel Perry
Rachel Perry (born January 20, 1976 in Brockville, Ontario) is a Canadian TV personality currently working in the United States. The former MuchMusic VJ is the host of All Access on VH1, and is the narrator for Web Junk 20, and the host of "The Stash" on Playboy TV. She has done numerous narrations and voiceovers for VH1 shows, specials and Viacom channels specials, including Viacom owned gay and lesbian station Logo. She was also the co-host of VH1's reality show Strip Search which lasted for one season. She was co-host of Pepsi Smash. Rachel began working at VH1 in January 2001 where she hosted VH1 News, All Access and the morning video show. Until March 2006, she was also the host of VH1's Top 20 Countdown. She sometimes co-hosted with fellow Canadians Aamer Haleem and Bradford How. She narrated the behind the scenes program for Brokeback Mountain, which is featured on the DVD for it.
Rachel is currently the host and a co-writer of the Playboy Channel's "The Stash" -- a "Soup-esque" (see The Soup) style format in which she comments on video clips and photos from adult media.

wn.com/Rachel_Perry
Rainbow Sun Francks
Rainbow Sun Francks (born December 3, 1979, in Toronto, Ontario, Canada) is an actor and songwriter. He is the son of actor/musician Don Francks and dancer Lili Francks, a member of the Plains Cree First Nation. He is also the brother of Cree Summer. For a brief time, he was an on-air personality at MuchMusic, a Canadian music video and variety television channel. He starred in Stargate Atlantis Season 1 as US Marine Lieutenant Aiden Ford. His role was reduced to that of a recurring character for Season 2, and was written out entirely for Season 3 and 4 (he made a brief cameo in a dream sequence in season 5). He also produces a hip hop group known as The Oddities.
Rainbow Sun Francks is sometimes credited as Rainbow Francks. For television series the years refer to the years he was involved.

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Rick Campanelli
Richardo Tomasso "Rick" Campanelli (born January 5, 1970) is a Canadian television personality.
Born and raised in Hamilton, Ontario, he was first introduced to the MuchMusic viewers in 1996 as the winner of MuchMusic's 1994 MuchTemp contest. Originally nicknamed "The Temp" or, famously, "Rick the Temp", Campanelli's boyish charm, personal and laid back approach made him an instant favourite among Much viewers. Campanelli has since been labeled "The Franchise" for his long tenure and high popularity while on MuchMusic. He was a MuchMusic Video Jockey, co-host of Much on Demand: Primetime, writer of The MuchMusic Countdown and co-host of The MuchMusic Radio Countdown.
Campanelli's final appearance on MuchMusic was August 26, 2005, on MuchOnDemand. He was subsequently announced as one of the reporters for ET Canada, a new Canadian licensee of Entertainment Tonight, which was launched on September 12, 2005.
Campanelli attended St. Mary Catholic Secondary School in Hamilton, Ontario. He also attended Brock University, where he earned a degree in physical education. In the video game NHL 2005, Campanelli is featured in the free agent pool. Campanelli was also a game announcer for the Hamilton Tiger-Cats, a CFL team, for the 2004-2005 season.

wn.com/Rick_Campanelli
Simon Evans
Simon Evans (born 9 May 1965), is an English comedian, born in Luton and currently living in Hove.
Simon Evans attended Verulam School in St Albans and then studied law at Southampton University, graduating in 1986.
Evans is an established act on the UK stand-up comedy circuit with a growing TV profile - most recently on Mock the Week (Oct 2011). His style has been characterised as aloof, sardonic and sharp-witted, and following a well-received return to the Edinburgh Festival in 2010 according to leading comedy review site Chortle 'his sharp, acidic barbs remain a rich delight'. TV appearances in 2010 include Michael McIntyre's Comedy Roadshow in Sunderland (BBC One) and Edinburgh Comedy Fest Live (BBC Three). He is currently touring his hour-long Edinburgh show 'Fringe Magnet' across the UK.
In early 2010 Simon Evans supported Lee Mack on his most recent UK tour - Going Out. He has performed one man shows at the Edinburgh Festival Fringe since 2000 and has performed at the New Zealand Comedy Festival 2002, Cape Town Comedy Festival 2001 as well as in Hong Kong, Singapore, Shanghai, Beijing, Winnipeg and Dubai. In July 2004 he performed at the Just for Laughs festival in Montreal, and the following spring at the Aspen Comedy Festival in Colorado. In July 2010 he appeared alongside Emo Philips at Latitude Festival in Suffolk.

wn.com/Simon_Evans
Steve Anthony
Steve Anthony (born Stephen Anthony Gomes in Montreal, Quebec, 2 April 1959) is a Canadian television host. He gained attention throughout Canada as a MuchMusic host, or "VJ" from May 1987 to November 1995.
In 1986 Anthony moved from Montreal's CKGM to take the drive shift on Toronto's Q107. He left the following year to join Much Music.
Anthony was a weekday afternoon host on Toronto radio station 99.9 Mix FM, prior to its August 2008 conversion to the Virgin Radio format. He was also a panelist on the 2006 program MuchMusic VJ Search, a competition of prospective hosts for MuchMusic.
In 2009, he hosted a weekend show on Sirius Satellite Radio channel Iceberg 85 and also co-hosts Too Much '80s with Erica Ehm via Astral Media's Orbyt radio syndication service.
Beginning in March 2009, Anthony started working at CP24 (and CP24 Breakfast) as a news reporter on the CP24 news chopper, known as Chopper 24. As of September 2009, Anthony is the co-host of CP24 Breakfast along side with CP24's Melissa Grelo.

wn.com/Steve_Anthony
Teresa Roncon
Teresa Roncon (born in Angola) is a former Canadian journalist. She was a personality on Discovery Channel Canada, and formerly a CFTO (CTV Toronto) reporter. Prior to both, she was a VJ on MuchMusic. She moved from journalism to public relations, and is currently working as the Manager of Corporate Relations for TVO.

wn.com/Teresa_Roncon
Terry David Mulligan
Terry David Mulligan (born June 30, 1942) is a Canadian actor and radio and television personality based in Vancouver, British Columbia.
Born in New Westminster, British Columbia, Mulligan's first career was as a Royal Canadian Mounted Police (RCMP) officer in Olds, Alberta and Red Deer, Alberta from 1960 through 1964. After leaving the Mounties, Mulligan worked as a radio DJ for 20 years, and then joined CBC Television as host of the music video series Good Rockin' Tonite (simultaneously, he was also a regular on the children's TV series Zig Zag, produced by BCTV). He left the CBC in 1985 to become a VJ and producer for [[MuchMusic West- a show he created], covering primarily the West Coast music scene as host of the long-running Much West series. At the same time he also Hosted Movie Television for CityTV. His stories and MT provided years of support for the Canadian TV and Film Industry.
He was a program host and producer for the Canadian entertainment channel Star!. He also hosts two weekly radio programs on Alberta public radio station CKUA: Mulligan Stew, a long-running two-hour music program, and Tasting Room Radio, a one-hour weekly food and wine radio program about food, wine and winemakers. All with a rock and roll attitude. Tasting Room Radio is also broadcast on CKFR AM 1150 in Kelowna, British Columbia and CFUN AM 1410 in Vancouver.

wn.com/Terry_David_Mulligan
Tim Deegan
Tim Deegan (born in Oshawa, Ontario) is a former VJ on MuchMusic, a music television station in Canada.
Tim grew up in Oshawa east of Toronto and he attended O'Neill Collegiate and Vocational Institute, and had a part time job at a grocery store. Tim joined a band during high school, which played handfuls of shows over southern Ontario during their high school years. After high school Tim went to Durham College to study fire fighting. After Graduating from the fire fighting program Tim worked as a Fire Protection Officer at an automotive factory before deciding to go back to school for Wood Working. He moved to Kitchener and attended Conestoga College.
Tim auditioned for the VJ Search at the Fairview Mall in Kitchener, Ontario and eventually won the competition months later, by public vote.
In his time as a MuchMusic VJ, Tim hosted numerous shows including Much On Demand, Much Adrenaline, Much Take Over, On Set, The Shift and My Date With, as well as hosting specials like Buck Naked in Barbados, Spring Break, Hot N Wet, and the Much Music Video Awards. Tim has interviewed such bands/stars as the Jonas Brothers, Justin Bieber, Hedley, Mel C (Spice Girls), The All American Rejects, Ke$ha, Katy Perry, Timbaland, Jerry Seinfeld, Sean "Diddy" Combs, 3OH!3, Boys Like Girls, and Amanda Crew. Deegan filmed his last shift at MuchMusic on September 2, 2010.

wn.com/Tim_Deegan
Ziggy Lorenc
Isabelle Anna (Ziggy) Lorenc (pronounced "LAWR-ence") (born December 28, 1958 in Toronto, Ontario) is a Canadian television and radio personality, best known for hosting programming on Citytv, MuchMusic and Bravo! after working for CHUMCity as a receptionist.
Lorenc also appeared on the Canadian sketch comedy series Bizarre and the films White Room and Love, Sex and Eating the Bones.
Lorenc was also the star/host of the series Life on Venus Ave. She is currently heard on CFZM, hosting a late night program devoted to romantic music.

wn.com/Ziggy_Lorenc

One Direction Much Music Interview 5-31-2012 (FULL)

...

published: 01 Jun 2012

author: Travis Moore

AC/DC - Touch Too Much MUSIC VIDEO

AC/DC...

published: 04 Dec 2008

author: Kristian Dalgarno

Beyonce interview @ Much Music 1/6

A very long interview Beyonce did @ much music, she talked about everything & answered que...

published: 13 Mar 2009

author: milliondollarbaby93

Lady Gaga Live at Much Music Awards 2009

Live at the MMA '09...

published: 11 Jul 2009

author: Twiinkleboo

One Direction Much Music Interview in Canada (FULL)

One Direction on much music, Enjoy!...

published: 29 Feb 2012

author: 5iveboys1direction

MuchMusic: Pretty Little Liars - "Dead to Me" - Ep 3x18 Promo

Catch an all-new Pretty Little Liars, Tuesday 8E/5P on MUCH. Catch up on full episodes onl...

published: 01 Feb 2013

author: MuchMusicOfficial

MuchMusic: Jedward in Toronto - Part 1 of 3

Who better to accompany Jedward on their Toronto adventures than Phoebe Dykstra? Catch NML...

published: 21 Jan 2013

author: MuchMusicOfficial

MuchMusic: Jedward in Toronto - Part 2 of 3

There could not be a better partner in crime to Jedward on their Toronto adventures than P...

published: 21 Jan 2013

author: MuchMusicOfficial

dread mar i - asi fue -video much music sessions

argentina y mexico en convinación asi fue dread mar i en much music sessions...

published: 09 May 2011

author: beto betos

Lady Gaga Medley Much Music Awards 2009 (HD)

Lady Gaga Medley Much Music Awards 21 06 2009( HD)...

published: 18 Jul 2009

author: bigbromedia

Luther Vandross - Never Too Much (Music Video) HD

Luther Vandross - Never Too Much (Music Video) 1981...

published: 02 Mar 2010

author: johnmcgrath6827a

Christina Aguilera Reflection Live MuchMusic

Live MuchMusic 05/17/2000...

published: 27 Jan 2008

author: christinamultimedia

Silverchair - Live Muchmusic 97' [Full Show]

Setlist: 01. Slave 02. Leave Me Out 03. Abuse Me 04. Cemetery 05. Tomorrow 06. Freak 07. M...

published: 03 Dec 2011

author: Xabier Estrada Mallea

Silverchair - Israel's Son (Live @ MuchMusic)

Israel's Son (Live @ MuchMusic)...

published: 11 Apr 2007

author: ramblenight

Chris Wong Director Reel

A compilation of my commercial/promo work from the past two years. Enjoy....

published: 06 Aug 2011

author: cWong

Born To Be: Drake (MuchMusic Documentary)

He represents the new generation. And with hip hop royalty in his corner, he's on his way...

published: 28 Nov 2010

author: Karla Moy

The Jonas Brothers have an MMVA message for you

The Jonas Brothers will be co-hosting the 2009 MMVAs June 21st 9ET at MuchMusic in Canada,...

published: 10 Jun 2009

author: MuchMusic

MuchMusic - Rebrand 2011

*updated with HD work Some broadcast work I have done for the MuchMusic 2011 rebrand. cr...

published: 19 Oct 2010

author: Nicolas Girard

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photo: AP / ESPN Images, Eric Lards Bakke

In this photo taken Jan. 25, 2012 and released by ESPN Images, snomobiler Caleb Moore smiles while attending a news conference at the Winter X Games in Aspen, Colo.

Caleb Moore dies after X-Games snowmobile crash

BBC News

31 Jan 2013

A freestyle snowmobile rider hurt in a crash at last week's Winter X Games in Colorado has died at the age of 25. Caleb Moore was attempting a backflip when his snowmobile caught the edge of a landing area, sending him over the handlebars. The 450-lb (204-kg) snowmobile rolled over him ... 'Deeply saddened' ... ....(size: 1.7Kb)

photo: AP / Manish

ALTERNATE CROP OF DEL108 - A Tibetan man screams as he runs engulfed in flames after self-immolating at a protest in New Delhi, India, ahead of Chinese President Hu Jintao's visit to the country Monday, March 26, 2012. The Tibetan activist lit himself on fire at the gathering and was rushed to hospital with unknown injuries, reports said.

As Self-Immolations Approach 100, Some Tibetans Are Asking if It Is Worth It

The New York Times

02 Feb 2013

NEW DELHI — A crowd of Tibetans came here to India’s capital last week, bearing flags and political banners and a bittersweet admixture of hope and despair. A grim countdown was under way. The number of Tibetans who have set themselves on fire to protest Chinese rule in Tibet had reached 99, one short of an anguished milestone. Enlarge This Image. Freetibet.org, via Associated Press ... Related ... Connect With Us on Twitter ... (Mr ... Mr ... ....(size: 10.7Kb)

photo: AP / Ariel Schalit

Israeli troops patrol along the border between Israel and Syria

Israeli jets targeted military research center: Syria

Zeenews

31 Jan 2013

Zeenews Bureau. Damascus. The Syrian Army has confirmed that Israeli Air Force fighter planes carried out strikes in its territory, but denied reports of a convoy carrying weapons to Lebanon was bombed. The Syrian Army statement says that the IAF jet fighters’ target was a military research centre near the border with Lebanon. Two people have been reported to be dead and five others injured in the attack ... First Published ... ....(size: 2.6Kb)

photo: AP / Manu Brabo

A Free Syrian Army fighter fires his weapon during clashes with government forces in the Karmal Jabl district of Aleppo, Syria, Sunday, Oct. 14, 2012.

US says Iran steps up Syria support

Al Jazeera

01 Feb 2013

Hillary Clinton, the outgoing US secretary of state, has warned that Iran is stepping up its support for Syrian President Bashar al-Assad while Russia is continuing to send money and arms to the regime. Clinton on Thursday accused Tehran of sending into Syria "more personnel" to support and advise military security forces in their fight against the armed opposition ... "The Iranians have been actively involved from the very beginning ... ....(size: 19.0Kb)

photo: AP / Elise Amendola

Pedestrians walk through a gate on the campus of Harvard University in Cambridge, Mass. Thursday, Aug. 30, 2012.

Harvard: Dozens disciplined over exam cheating

New Straits/Business Times

02 Feb 2013

BOSTON. Harvard University said Friday it issued academic sanctions against about 60 students who were forced to withdraw from school for a period of time in a cheating scandal that involved the final exam in a class on Congress, drawing criticism from a high-profile alumnus.   The school implicated as many as 125 students in the scandal when officials first addressed the issue last year. . ... . ... . ... ....(size: 5.1Kb)

timeline:
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Arrow Ep. 12: Vertigo

MuchMusic

02 Feb 2013

Follow Us @MuchMusic On Twitter ... MuchMusic.com Videos Music Shows News Concerts Contests Shop About Sitemap MuchMore MuchVibe MuchLOUD MuchMoreRetro. MuchMusic is Canada's No ... username+'@muchmusic.com', display_name ... 'www.muchmusic.com' }); Badgeville.extend( Badgeville.Lang, { activitiesHeader....(size: 15.3Kb)

MuchMusic has been nominated for a Canadian Screen Award!

MuchMusic

01 Feb 2013

MuchMusic is excited to be nominated this year for a Canadian Screen Award! The amazing 2012 MMVAs are up for a CSA in Best Music, Variety, Sketch Comedy or Talk Program or Series and we’re going head to head with great shows, including Battle of the Blades, JUNO Awards, Rick Mercer Report and Canada Sings ... Follow Us @MuchMusic On Twitter ... MuchMusic is Canada's No ... username+'@muchmusic.com', display_name....(size: 15.2Kb)

Justin Timberlake to perform at the BRIT Awards

MuchMusic

01 Feb 2013

Posted by Aimee /* $.getJSON("http.//webservices.muchmusic.com/connect/elastica.php?jsoncallback=?", {act."getnums", unitid ... MuchMusic has been nominated for a Canadian Screen Award! ... Posted by Allison /* $.getJSON("http.//webservices.muchmusic.com/connect/elastica.php?jsoncallback=?", {act."getnums", unitid ... Posted by Aimee /* $.getJSON("http.//webservices.muchmusic.com/connect/elastica.php?jsoncallback=?", {act."getnums", unitid....(size: 23.0Kb)

The girls say goodbye to Alison again Tuesday’s Pretty Little Liars

MuchMusic

01 Feb 2013

MuchMusic has been nominated for a Canadian Screen Award!. MuchMusic is excited to be nominated this year for a Canadian Screen Award! The amazing 2012 MMVAs are up for a CSA in Best Music, Variety, Sketch Comedy or Talk Program or Series and we’re going head to head with great shows, including Battle of the Blades, JUNO Awards, Rick Mercer Report and Canada Sings ... Follow Us @MuchMusic On Twitter ... MuchMusic is Canada's No....(size: 15.5Kb)

Depeche Mode “Heaven” (Video)

MuchMusic

01 Feb 2013

Yacht Club feat. Pink & Purple “Hot N Cold” (Video)

MuchMusic

01 Feb 2013

Show off your Kisses 4 CANFAR and help save lives

MuchMusic

01 Feb 2013

Alaine is travelling to Kenya with Tyler Shaw and Free The Children!

MuchMusic

01 Feb 2013

Lil’ Wayne doesn’t dread his dreads

MuchMusic

01 Feb 2013

Shawn Desman explains ALIVE’s Big Jingle moment

MuchMusic

01 Feb 2013

Happy Birthday Harry!

MuchMusic

01 Feb 2013

Happy Birthday Harry Styles!

MuchMusic

01 Feb 2013

One Direction to premiere One Way Or Another at Brit Awards

MuchMusic

01 Feb 2013

timeline:
2012
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For other uses of "MuchMusic", see MuchMusic (disambiguation).

MuchMusic

MuchMusic logo
Launched	September 1, 1984
Owned by	Bell Media
Picture format	1080i (HDTV) (2011-present) 480i (SDTV) (1984-present)
Country	Canada
Broadcast area	National
Headquarters	Toronto, Ontario
Sister channel(s)	MuchMore MuchVibe MuchLOUD MuchMoreRetro Juicebox
Website	MuchMusic
Availability
Satellite
Bell TV	Channel 570 (SD) Channel 1670 (HD)
Shaw Direct	Channel 580 (SD)
Cable
Available on most Canadian cable systems	Check local listings, channels may vary
IPTV
Bell Aliant TV	Channel 220 (SD)
Bell Fibe TV	Channel 570 (SD) Channel 1570 (HD)
MTS	Channel 23 (SD)
Optik TV	Channel 255 (SD) Channel 652 (HD)
SaskTel	Channel 12 (SD)

MuchMusic (often referred to simply as Much) is a Canadian English language Category A specialty channel owned by Bell Media. MuchMusic is dedicated to music-related programs, pop and youth culture.

History [link]

MuchMusic was licensed on April 2, 1984 by the Canadian Radio-television and Telecommunications Commission (CRTC) to CHUM Limited.^[1] Shortly thereafter, MuchMusic was launched on August 31, 1984 as one of the first Canadian cable specialty channels on the air. It was headed by John Martin and Moses Znaimer, the channel's founders. On June 22, 2007, CTVglobemedia gained control of MuchMusic as a result of a takeover of CHUM Limited.

The first video played on MuchMusic was "an early music-to-film synchronization short from the 1920s which featured Eubie Blake performing Snappy Songs."^[2] The first video made specifically for television air play was Rush's "The Enemy Within".^[2]

Bell Canada gained control of MuchMusic through its takeover of CTVglobemedia on April 1, 2011, thus renaming the company's name to Bell Media and giving the channel a new look and a new logo, as well as airing television shows, mainly dramas and reality shows.

Logo [link]

File:Muchmusic2.jpg

Logo used from 1993 to 1997

File:MuchMusic logo.svg

Logo from 1997 to 2011

The first logo for MuchMusic when it first began was a big M with Muchmusic boxed in the centre of the M. The logo was slightly redesigned as a big M with a small m inside the outline, with the word Muchmusic below the logo. In 1997, a new logo was designed with a black-and-white Much superimposed on a planet with longitude/latitude lines on the surface. In 2010, MuchMusic began to use the new simplistic and multi-colored logo on the station's promos, however the older logo used on-air did not change until April 1, 2011, when MuchMusic was officially relaunched with a new look consisting with a new simpler multi-coloured logo; this change coincided with the completion of Bell Canada's acquisition of CTVglobemedia with the company being renamed Bell Media. In May 2011 MuchVibe was re-launched with a similar new simplistic and multi-coloured logo. PunchMuch was rebranded as Juicebox as of November 2011, presently though, MuchLoud is the only MuchMusic-branded channel that continues to use the logo with Much superimposed on a planet with longitude/latitude lines on the surface and 'Loud' below it.

Programming [link]

Making use of CHUM's facilities and production teams, the channel has produced many specialty musical and variety programs, including the long-running dance program Electric Circus and the late-1980s game show Test Pattern, and it adopted some programs originally created for CHUM such as City Limits, which featured alternative videos.

MuchMusic is well known for its annual music awards show every Father's Day called the MuchMusic Video Awards or MMVA's for short. It is anticipated and promoted for weeks before the night of the MMVAs.

The MuchMusic World Headquarters is located on 299 Queen Street West in Downtown Toronto, as seen in April 2005.

Much has been credited with helping to foster a vibrant Canadian music scene because of the Canadian content broadcast rules which mandated native musical acts had a secure and prominent place on the channel's play schedule^{[citation needed]}. As well, MuchMusic funds the creation of new Canadian music videos through MuchFACT and produces the popular album series Big Shiny Tunes and MuchDance.

Ever since 2007, MuchMusic has aired a vast number of non-music related programs such as The O.C., One Tree Hill, Gossip Girl, Pretty Little Liars, The L.A. Complex, Secret Life, The Vampire Diaries, and Viva La Bam . These programs often air repeatedly to gain interest from viewers. Before those programs aired, Much Mega Hits was a prominent program that played various music videos based on singles.

MuchMusic broadcasts films every Friday night under its MuchMovie banner. The films span across various genres but aiming its youth demographic. However, much of the scenes are edited or cut due to broadcasting reasons. An example would be 8 Mile, which muted the profanity and removed the sexual and violent content.^{[citation needed]}

Controversy [link]

This unreferenced section requires citations to ensure verifiability.

In recent years, particularly with the brief arrival of MTV on Canadian digital cable, the influence of MuchMusic has waned^{[citation needed]}, and the channel has had to weather criticism that it focuses too much on "top 40" acts and imported MTV "reality shows" like Newlyweds: Nick and Jessica and Pimp My Ride, thereby not giving enough time to smaller, independent, and Canadian performers. But in 2005 Video On Trial premiered, and quickly became the network's highest-rated show while featuring Canadian comedians and personalities almost exclusively as music video "judges". A special, "Stars On Trial", featured popular VOT regular Ron Sparks as the judge and was the highest-rated special of the year (other than the annual MuchMusic Video Awards show).

Much has also been the centre of controversy because of its leniency in censorship, sometimes leaving expletives uncensored from videos played on the network, in contrast to MTV, which goes to great lengths in censoring music. However, some programs, due to their wider audience, do remain censored for content. As with MTV, the network also generated controversy by occasionally "banning" videos it deemed too racy or violent for broadcast. Unlike MTV however, MuchMusic broadcasts the controversial videos in a series of late-night specials dubbed Too Much 4 Much, along with panel discussions on their content and arguments on if it should be banned or not. However, recently, many of the videos are censored, and even airs the MTV censored version.

List of programming [link]

Further information: List of programs broadcast by MuchMusic

Relationship with MTV [link]

MuchMusic was launched in part to capitalize on the success of MTV, the American cable music channel that had premiered a few years earlier. Although never an affiliate, Much over the years would often broadcast MTV-produced programming such as awards shows, concerts, reality TV series and more. MTV itself was not permitted in Canada because of Canadian Radio-television and Telecommunications Commission (CRTC) restrictions on format protection. However, no such restrictions existed in the United States, where CHUM attempted to compete with MTV through MuchUSA (now the unaffiliated Fuse).

Perhaps owing to this, MTV was unwilling to extend its relationship with MuchMusic longer than necessary, and has made two attempts to launch a competing MTV channel in Canada. The first attempt began in 2001 when MTV Canada was launched by Craig Media and Viacom. MTV Canada had an edge over MuchMusic in that it was licensed by the CRTC as a broadly based teen channel and could air programming from various categories and not just music related programming. In 2004, MTV Canada's owners were bought by CHUM, allowing Viacom to exit its contract with Craig, and stripped MTV programming and branding from the channel forcing Viacom to find another partner to bring MTV to Canada.

The next attempt began in 2006 when Viacom partnered with CTV to rebrand its low rated specialty channel talktv as MTV. With the new launch of MTV in March 2006, MuchMusic lost all rights to MTV programming from that point forward.

Since the acquisition of CHUM Limited (which includes MuchMusic and MuchMore) by CTVglobemedia, MTV and MuchMusic have technically been under the same ownership since June 2007. CTVglobemedia has announced that they plan on maintaining all CHUM's specialty channels including both MuchMusic and MTV. Currently both CTVglobemedia and Viacom have no plans on disaffiliating either channel from its programming and/or branding. In fact, MuchMusic and MTV have even begun airing each other's promo ads (e.g., MuchMusic airing a promo for MTV's The Hills).

Guinness World Record [link]

MuchMusic holds the only Canadian Television record in the Guinness Book. The world's shortest TV commercial is half a frame (one field) and lasts for 1/60 of a second. Twelve different versions of the commercial were produced, all advertising MuchMusic and the first was aired on 2 January 2002. The creator, producer and editor was Tharanga Ramanayake.

Affiliated channels [link]

With the success of MuchMusic, several spinoff channels have been launched within Canada and around the world, including:

MuchMore: Primarily focusing on adult contemporary, classic rock, and generally lighter music. Launched in 1998 as a sister station to MuchMusic, MuchMore has developed into its own brand, respectively, spawning its own spinoff channels separate from MuchMusic. The channel was previously known as MuchMoreMusic until March 31, 2009.
MuchLOUD: Rock, modern rock, alternative, punk and metal.
MuchVibe: Urban music such as rap, hip hop, R&B and reggae.

Former [link]

MusiquePlus: The first spinoff channel of MuchMusic. Launched in 1986, it was developed as a Canadian French language version of MuchMusic. In September 2008, new owner Astral Media dropped the MuchMusic style branding and separated itself from the network.
MuchMusic also formerly operated PunchMuch, an all-request music video service consisting of music videos from various genres within the scope of MuchMusic itself until November 17, 2011, when PunchMuch was replaced by a new music video channel aimed at pre-teens, known as Juicebox.

International [link]

Current [link]

muchmusic Czech: Launched in 2006, available in the Czech Republic.
MuchMusic Latin America: Launched in 1992, originally available in only Argentina,^[3] is now available in several Latin American countries.
MuchMusic also has several programming contracts with various broadcasters internationally, where a MuchMusic programming block consists on existing channels including such countries as Colombia, Indonesia, Mexico and Singapore.
A number of MuchMusic programs air on the Fuse TV in the United States in an agreement with the two networks, which share certain programs at times. This was the former 24/7 U.S. Feed of MuchMusic, which stopped airing MuchMusic Canada shows in 2002 and eventually lost the rights to use the MuchMusic name. As of 2011, MuchMusic Canada produced shows began airing on Fuse. These included The Wedge, Video On Trial (both Canadian, and an American version) as well as the MMVAs since 2010.

Past [link]

MuchMusic Malaysia
Much Arabyeah!
MuchMusic Brasil: Launched in 2000. Ceased broadcasting in 2001.
MuchUSA: Launched in 1994. License to use MuchMusic name and content revoked, and renamed Fuse TV in 2003.
MuchMusic also had a programming block on MTV3 in Finland called JYRKI.

[edit] Much HD

Much HD logo

On June 1, 2011 MuchMusic launched a high definition simulcast of the standard definition feed called Much HD.^[4] It is currently available on Bell Satellite TV, Bell Fibe TV, EastLink, Optik TV and Rogers Cable.

VJs [link]

A wide range of individuals have served as MuchMusic's on-air hosts, or VJs. A number of notable Canadian and American television personalities either began their careers at MuchMusic or spent time there. Among these are J.D. Roberts who today (2010) under the name John Roberts is an anchor for CNN; Christopher Ward, a noted songwriter and producer who collaborated musically with Mike Myers on the Austin Powers movies; Sook-Yin Lee, now a noted CBC Radio host and actress; Terry David Mulligan, a prolific film and TV character actor; actress Amanda Walsh; Erica Ehm, who became a noted songwriter after leaving Much; and George Stroumboulopoulos, now a Canadian television personality on CBC.

MuchMusic personalities/VJs [link]

Current [link]

Kathleen Newman-Bremang
Jesse Giddings
Liz Trinnear
Lauren Toyota
Phoebe Dykstra
Damian Abraham
Tyrone "T-RexXx" Edwards

VJ Search [link]

Main article: Muchmusic VJ Search

Every few years, when new video jockeys are needed, Much runs a "VJ Search" to pick one new VJ to join the team of VJs. They will usually visit cities across Canada and pick people who appear to show potential through their audition. In earlier years, the VJ Search was usually a two-part show, but in 2006 it evolved into its own reality series called Muchmusic VJ Search. As a result of that series Tim Deegan was chosen as a VJ. It was followed in 2009 by VJ 2.0 where the winner Liz Trinnear was also engaged for the station.

Despite the popularity of the VJ Search, most VJs are still hired by Much directly, without being VJ Search contestants.

References [link]

^ CRTC Decision 1984-338
^ ^a ^b Much Music FAQ
^ ":: MuchMusic festeja su decimoquinto aniversario en Argentina ::". Realtvnews.com.ar. 2005-08-17. http://www.realtvnews.com.ar/new/noticias.php?id=2951. Retrieved 2010-06-30.
^ Who Would You Rather? Much HD or SD? MuchMusic 2011-05-16

External links [link]

Bell Media Inc. (subsidiary of BCE Inc.)

Conventional television

CTV: Stations
CTV Two: Stations

Specialty / pay television

CTV News	BNN CP24 CTV News Channel

CTV Specialty	Animal Planet Discovery Channel Discovery Science Discovery World HD ESPN Classic NHL Network RDS RDS2 RDS Info TSN TSN2 Viewers Choice

Much MTV Group	Juicebox MTV MTV2 MuchLOUD MuchMore MuchMoreRetro MuchMusic MuchVibe

Other	BookTelevision Bravo Comedy Gold E! Fashion Television Investigation Discovery Space The Comedy Network

Radio stations (Bell Media Radio)

AM	CFAX CFGO CFRA CFRW CFTE CHUM CKGM CKLW CKST CKWW

FM	CFBT CFCA CFJR CFLY CFWM CFXJ CHBE CHIQ CHQM CHUM CIDR CIMX CIOO CJCH CJMJ CJPT CKCE CKKL CKKW CKLC CKLY CKPT CKQM

Radio networks	TSN Radio Bob FM

Bell Media broadcasting studios

Other Bell Media-owned assets

Agincourt Productions
Autohound
Bell Media Radio National Sales
Canada's Olympic Broadcast Media Consortium (80%)
CTV Music
Dome Productions
Exploration Distribution
Exploration Productions
sympatico.ca

Associated foundations

Predecessors and historic brands

http://wn.com/MuchMusic

http://ru.wn.com/MuchMusic

http://fr.wn.com/MuchMusic

http://pt.wn.com/MuchMusic

http://de.wn.com/MuchMusic

http://es.wn.com/MuchMusic

This page contains text from Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MuchMusic

This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, which means that you can copy and modify it as long as the entire work (including additions) remains under this license.

Lady Gaga
Lady Gaga performing on The Monster Ball Tour in 2010
Background information
Birth name	Stefani Joanne Angelina Germanotta
Born	(1986-03-28) March 28, 1986 (age 26) New York, New York, U.S.
Genres	Pop, dance, electronic
Occupations	Singer-songwriter, performance artist, record producer, dancer, businesswoman, activist
Instruments	Vocals, piano, keyboards
Years active	2005–present
Labels	Def Jam, Cherrytree, Streamline, Kon Live, Interscope
Website	LadyGaga.com Lady Gaga's signature

Stefani Joanne Angelina Germanotta (/ˈstɛfəniː dʒʌrməˈnɑːtə/ STE-fə-nee jurr-mə-NAH-tə; born March 28, 1986), known by her stage name Lady Gaga, is an American singer and songwriter. Born and raised in New York City, she primarily studied at the Convent of the Sacred Heart and briefly attended New York University's Tisch School of the Arts before withdrawing to focus on her musical career. She began performing in the rock music scene of Manhattan's Lower East Side, and was signed with Streamline Records by the end of 2007. During her employment as a songwriter for the record company, her vocal abilities captured the attention of recording artist Akon, who signed her to his label Kon Live Distribution.

Lady Gaga came to prominence as a recording artist following the release of her debut album The Fame (2008), which was a critical and commercial success that topped charts around the world and included the international number-one singles "Just Dance" and "Poker Face". After embarking on the The Fame Ball Tour, she followed the album with The Fame Monster (2009), which spawned the worldwide hit singles "Bad Romance", "Telephone" and "Alejandro". The album's success allowed her to embark on the eighteen-month long Monster Ball Tour, which later became one of the highest-grossing concert tours of all time. Her most recent album Born This Way (2011) topped the charts of most major markets and generated more international chart-topping singles, including "Born This Way", "Judas" and "The Edge of Glory". Besides her musical career, she involves herself with humanitarian causes and LGBT activism.

Influenced by David Bowie, Michael Jackson, Madonna and Queen, Lady Gaga is recognized for her flamboyant, diverse and outré contributions to the music industry through her fashion, performances and music videos. She has sold an estimated 23 million albums and 64 million singles worldwide, making her one of the best-selling music artists of all time and her singles are some of the best selling worldwide.^[1] Her achievements include five Grammy Awards and 13 MTV Video Music Awards. Lady Gaga has consecutively appeared on Billboard magazine's Artists of the Year (scoring the definitive title in 2010), ranked fourth in VH1's list of 100 Greatest Women in Music, is regularly placed on lists composed by Forbes magazine and was named one of the most influential people in the world by Time magazine.^[2]^[3] In 2012, Gaga was ranked at number four on Billboard's list of top moneymakers of 2011, grossing more than $25 million.^[4]

Biography [link]

1986–2004: Early life [link]

Manhattan's Upper West Side, where Gaga grew up, has been an inspiration for many of her songs.

Lady Gaga was born Stefani Joanne Angelina Germanotta on March 28, 1986 in New York City to parents Cynthia (née Bissett) and Joseph Germanotta, an Internet entrepreneur.^[5]^[6] Descending from Italian and more distant French-Canadian roots, Gaga is the elder of two children.^[7]^[8] Her sister, Natali, a fashion student, was born in 1992.^[9]^[10] Despite her seemingly affluent upbringing in the family home in Manhattan's Upper West Side, Gaga has stressed that she did not come from a wealthy background, stating that her parents "both came from lower-class families, so we've worked for everything—my mother worked eight to eight out of the house, in telecommunications, and so did my father."^[11]^[12]

From the age of 11, Gaga – who was raised Roman Catholic – attended the Convent of the Sacred Heart, a private all-girls Roman Catholic school on Manhattan's Upper East Side.^[13]^[14]^[15] She described her academic life in high school as "very dedicated, very studious, very disciplined" but also "a bit insecure": "I used to get made fun of for being either too provocative or too eccentric, so I started to tone it down. I didn't fit in, and I felt like a freak."^[16]^[17] Acquaintances dispute that she did not fit in at school. "She had a core group of friends; she was a good student. She liked boys a lot, but singing was No. 1," recalled a former high school classmate.^[18] Gaga began playing the piano at the age of 4, went on to write her first piano ballad at 13, and started to perform at open mike nights by the age of 14.^[19]^[20] Her passion for musical theatre brought her lead roles in high school productions, including Adelaide in Guys and Dolls and Philia in A Funny Thing Happened on the Way to the Forum.^[21] She also appeared in a very small role as a mischievous classmate in the television drama series The Sopranos in a 2001 episode titled "The Telltale Moozadell" in addition to unsuccessfully auditioning for parts in New York shows.^[11]^[22]

When her time at the Convent of the Sacred Heart came to an end, her mother encouraged her to apply for the Collaborative Arts Project 21 (CAP21), a musical theatre training conservatory at New York University's Tisch School of the Arts.^[11] After becoming one of twenty students to gain early admission, she eventually lived in an NYU dorm on 11th Street by the age of 17.^[21] CAP21 prepared her for her future career focus in "music, art, sex and celebrity" where, in addition to sharpening her songwriting skills, she composed essays and analytical papers on art, religion, social issues and politics, including a thesis on pop artists Spencer Tunick and Damien Hirst.^[20]^[23]^[24] With CAP21, she also tried out for and won auditions, including the part of an unsuspecting diner customer for MTV's Boiling Points, a prank reality television show.^[11]^[25] But Gaga felt more creative than some of her classmates. "Once you learn how to think about art, you can teach yourself," she said.

2005–07: Career beginnings [link]

Gaga (right) performing with Lady Starlight (left) at Lollapalooza 2007

Gaga withdrew from CAP21 at 19, in the second semester of her sophomore year, deciding to focus on her musical career.^[26] Her father agreed to pay her rent for a year, on the condition that she re-enroll at Tisch if unsuccessful. "I left my entire family, got the cheapest apartment I could find, and ate shit until somebody would listen," she remembers.^[21] Settled in a small apartment on Rivington Street towards the summer of 2005, Gaga recorded a couple of songs with hip-hop singer Grandmaster Melle Mel, for an audio book accompanying the children's book The Portal in the Park, by Cricket Casey.^[11]^[27] She also began a band called the Stefani Germanotta Band (SGBand) with some friends from NYU – guitarist Calvin Pia, bassist Eli Silverman, drummer Alex Beckham and booking manager Frank Fredericks – in September of that year.^[11]^[21] The band played a mixture of songs: some self-penned alongside classic rock numbers like Led Zeppelin's "D'yer Mak'er".^[11] Playing in bars like the Greenwich Village's The Bitter End and the Lower East Side's the Mercury Lounge, the band developed a small fan base and caught the eye of music producer Joe Vulpis.^[11] Soon after arranging time in Vulpis' studio in the months that followed, SGBand were selling their extended plays Words and Red and Blue (both 2005) at gigs around New York while becoming a local fixture of the downtown Lower East Side club scene.^[21]

SGBand reached their career peak at the 2006 Songwriters Hall of Fame New Songwriters Showcase at The Cutting Room in June where Wendy Starland, a musician, appeared as a talent scout for music producer Rob Fusari. Starland informed Fusari – who was searching for a female singer to front a new band – of Gaga's ability and contacted her. With SGBand disbanded, Gaga traveled daily to New Jersey to work on songs she had written and compose new material with the music producer.^[11] While in collaboration, Fusari compared some of her vocal harmonies to those of Freddie Mercury, lead singer of Queen.^[28] It was Fusari who helped create the moniker Gaga after the Queen song "Radio Ga Ga". Gaga was in the process of trying to come up with a stage name when she received a text message from Fusari that read "Lady Gaga."^[29] He explained, "Every day, when Stef came to the studio, instead of saying hello, I would start singing 'Radio Ga Ga'. That was her entrance song" and that the text message was the result of a predictive text glitch that changed "radio" to "lady". She texted back, "That's it," and declared, "Don't ever call me Stefani again."^[29]^[30] The New York Post, however, has reported that this story is incorrect, and that the name resulted from a marketing meeting.^[18]

Gaga performing in a bar, sporting one of her earlier looks (2008)

Although the musical relationship between Fusari and Gaga was unsuccessful at first, the pair soon set up a company titled Team Lovechild in which they recorded and produced electropop tracks and sent them to music industry bosses.^[11] Joshua Sarubin, the head of A&R at Def Jam Recordings, responded positively and vied for the record company to take a chance on her "unusual and provocative" performance. After having his boss Antonio "L.A." Reid in agreement, Gaga was signed to Def Jam in September 2006 with the intention of having an album ready in nine months.^[11] However, she was dropped by the label after only three months – an unfortunate period of her life that would later inspire her treatment for the music video for her 2011 single "Marry the Night".^[31]^[32] Devastated, Gaga returned to the solace of the family home for Christmas and the nightlife culture of the Lower East Side.^[11]

She became increasingly experimental: fascinating herself with emerging neo-burlesque shows, go-go dancing at bars dressed in little more than a bikini in addition to experimenting with drugs.^[11]^[14] Her father, however, did not understand the reason behind her drug intake and could not look at her for several months.^[14]^[30] "I was onstage in a thong, with a fringe hanging over my ass thinking that had covered it, lighting hairsprays on fire, go-go dancing to Black Sabbath and singing songs about oral sex. The kids would scream and cheer and then we'd all go grab a beer. It represented freedom to me. I went to a Catholic school but it was on the New York underground that I found myself."^[23] It was then when she became romantically involved with a heavy metal drummer in a relationship and break-up she likened to the musical film Grease: "I was his Sandy, and he was my Danny, and I just broke." He later became an inspiration behind some of her later songs.^[33]

During this time, she met performance artist Lady Starlight, who helped mold her on-stage persona.^[34] Starlight explained that, upon their first meeting, Gaga wanted to perform with her to songs she had recorded with Fusari. Like SGBand, the pair soon began performing at many of the downtown club venues like the Mercury Lounge, The Bitter End, and the Rockwood Music Hall. Their live performance art piece was known as "Lady Gaga and the Starlight Revue" and, billed as "The Ultimate Pop Burlesque Rockshow", was a low-fi tribute to 1970s variety acts.^[35]^[36] Soon after, the two were invited to play at the 2007 Lollapalooza music festival in August that year.^[37] The show was critically acclaimed, and their performance received positive reviews.^[20]^[35] Having initially focused on avant-garde electronic dance music, Gaga had found her musical niche when she began to incorporate pop melodies and the glam rock of David Bowie and Queen into her music.^[38]

While Gaga and Starlight were busy performing, producer Rob Fusari continued to work on the songs he had created with Gaga. Fusari sent these songs to his friend, producer and record executive Vincent Herbert.^[39] Herbert was quick to sign her to his label Streamline Records, an imprint of Interscope Records, upon its establishment in 2007.^[40] Gaga later credited Herbert as the man who discovered her, adding "I really feel like we made pop history, and we're gonna keep going."^[39] Having served as an apprentice songwriter under an internship at Famous Music Publishing, which was later acquired by Sony/ATV Music Publishing, Gaga subsequently struck a music publishing deal with Sony/ATV.^[41] As a result, she was hired to write songs for Britney Spears and labelmates New Kids on the Block, Fergie, and the Pussycat Dolls.^[41] At Interscope, singer-songwriter Akon recognized her vocal abilities when she sang a reference vocal for one of his tracks in studio.^[42] Akon then convinced Interscope-Geffen-A&M Chairman and CEO Jimmy Iovine to form a joint deal by having her also sign with his own label Kon Live, making her his "franchise player."^[31]^[43]

As 2007 came to a close, her former management company introduced her to songwriter and producer RedOne, whom they also managed.^[44] The first song she produced with RedOne was "Boys Boys Boys", a mash-up inspired by Mötley Crüe's "Girls, Girls, Girls" and AC/DC's "T.N.T.".^[30]^[44] Gaga continued her collaboration with RedOne in the recording studio for a week on her debut album and also joined the roster of Cherrytree Records, an Interscope imprint established by producer and songwriter Martin Kierszenbaum, after co-writing four songs with Kierszenbaum including the singles "Christmas Tree" and "Eh, Eh (Nothing Else I Can Say)".^[41] Despite her secure record deal, she admitted that there was fear about her being too "racy", "dance-orientated" and "underground" for the mainstream market. Her response: "My name is Lady Gaga, I've been on the music scene for years, and I'm telling you, this is what's next."^[15]

[edit] 2008–10: The Fame and The Fame Monster

Gaga performing at The Fame Ball Tour in 2009

By 2008, Gaga had relocated to Los Angeles in order to work extensively with her record label to complete her debut album and set up her own creative team Haus of Gaga, modeled on Andy Warhol's Factory.^[30]^[45] The Fame was first released on August 19, 2008 to slow radio play. Gaga supported it by performing around Europe and in small gay clubs around the US in addition to being billed as a supporting artist on the North American leg of New Kids on the Block's reunion concert tour.^[46]^[47] A sleeper hit, lead single "Just Dance" had preceded the album's release by four months but only hit the summit of the international charts in January 2009, provoking the instant success of the album, earning her first Grammy Award nomination (for Best Dance Recording) and becoming one of the best-selling singles worldwide.^[46]^[48] Gaga achieved a greater unexpected success when "Poker Face", another sleeper hit, reached number one in most major music markets worldwide in early 2009, selling 9.8 million singles worldwide.^[49]^[50] The follow-up single won the award for Best Dance Recording at the 52nd Grammy Awards over nominations for Song of the Year and Record of the Year.

The Fame itself was nominated for Album of the Year while winning Best Dance/Electronica Album at the same ceremony.^[51] Contemporary critics lauded the album, describing it as an exploration of her obsession with fame and the intricacies of a rich and famous lifestyle, noting its combination of genres "from Def Leppard drums and hand claps to metal drums on urban tracks", the inspiration drawn from 1980s synthpop and incorporation of dance music with clear hooks.^[31] The Fame went to number one in Austria, Canada, Germany, Ireland, Switzerland and the UK and appeared in the top five in Australia, the US and 15 other countries.^[52]^[53] It also stayed atop the Dance/Electronic Albums chart for 106 non-consecutive weeks and, since its release, has sold over 12 million copies worldwide.^[54] The album's success spawned many 2009 honors including Billboard magazine's Rising Star award and the accumulation of 3 of 9 MTV Video Music Awards nominations, winning Best New Artist with the video for her single "Paparazzi" gaining Best Art Direction and Best Special Effects.^[55]^[56] In addition to being an opening act on the Pussycat Dolls' Doll Domination Tour during the first half of 2009 in Europe and Oceania, she also embarked on her own six-month critically appreciated worldwide concert tour The Fame Ball Tour which ran from March to September 2009.^[57]^[58]

While she traveled the globe, she wrote The Fame Monster, an EP of eight songs released in November 2009. Each song, dealing with the darker side of fame from personal experience, is expressed through a monster metaphor. Making Gaga the first artist in digital history to have three singles (alongside "Just Dance" and "Poker Face") to pass the four million mark in digital sales, its lead single "Bad Romance" topped the charts in eighteen countries and reached the top two in the US, Australia and New Zealand while accruing the Grammy Awards for Best Female Pop Vocal Performance and Best Short Form Music Video.^[59] The second single "Telephone", which features singer Beyoncé, was nominated for the Grammy Award for Best Pop Collaboration with Vocals and became Gaga's fourth UK number one single; its accompanying music video, although controversial, received positive reception from contemporary critics who praised her for "the musicality and showmanship of Michael Jackson and the powerful sexuality and provocative instincts of Madonna."^[60]^[61] Her following single "Alejandro" paired Gaga with fashion photographer Steven Klein for a music video similarly as controversial – critics complimented its ideas and dark nature but the Catholic League attacked Gaga for her alleged use of blasphemy.^[62] Despite the controversy surrounding her music videos, they made Gaga the first artist to gain over one billion viral views on video-sharing website YouTube.^[63] At the 2010 MTV Video Music Awards, Gaga won 8 of her 13 nominations, including Video of the Year for "Bad Romance" (with "Telephone" also nominated), which made her the first female artist to be nominated twice for the award.^[64]^[65] In addition, The Fame Monster garnered a total of six nominations at the 53rd Grammy Awards – equating to the amount of Grammy nominations her debut received – winning Best Pop Vocal Album and earning her a second-consecutive nomination for Album of the Year.^[66]^[67]

Gaga performing at The Monster Ball Tour in 2010

The success of the album allowed Gaga to start her second worldwide concert tour, The Monster Ball Tour, just weeks after the release of The Fame Monster and months after having finished The Fame Ball Tour.^[68] Upon finishing in May 2011, the critically acclaimed and commercially accomplished tour ran for over one and a half years and grossed $227.4 million, making it one of the highest-grossing concert tours of all time and the highest-grossing for a debut headlining artist.^[69] Concerts performed at Madison Square Garden in New York City were filmed for a HBO television special titled Lady Gaga Presents the Monster Ball Tour: At Madison Square Garden. The special accrued one of its five Emmy Award nominations and has since been released on DVD and Blu-ray.^[70] Gaga also performed songs from the album at international events such as the 2009 Royal Variety Performance where she sang "Speechless", a power ballad, in the presence of Queen Elizabeth II; the 52nd Grammy Awards where her opening performance consisted of the song "Poker Face" and a piano duet of "Speechless" in a medley of "Your Song" with Elton John; and the 2010 BRIT Awards where a performance of an acoustic rendition of "Telephone" followed by "Dance in the Dark" dedicated to the late fashion designer and close friend, Alexander McQueen, supplemented her hat-trick win at the awards ceremony.^[71] Other performances may have included her participation in Michael Jackson's This Is It concert series at London's O2 Arena. "I was actually asked to open for Michael on his tour," she stated. "We were going to open for him at the O2 and we were working on making it happen. I believe there was some talk about us, lots of the openers, doing duets with Michael on stage."^[72]

In 2009 she collaborated with consumer electronic company Monster Cable Products to create a pair of in-ear jewel-encrusted headphones titled Heartbeats. "They are designed to be the first ever fashion accessories that double as the absolute best sonically sounding headphones in the world," she commented.^[73] Gaga also partnered with Polaroid in January 2010 as their Creative Director.^[74] Excited about "blending the iconic history of Polaroid and instant film with the digital era," Gaga unveiled the first trio of new products called Grey Label: a pair of picture-taking sunglasses, a paperback-sized mobile printing unit and an updated version of the traditional Polaroid camera at the 2011 Consumer Electronics Show.^[75] But her collaboration with past producer Rob Fusari led to her production team, Mermaid Music LLC, being sued in March 2010 when he claimed that he was entitled to a 20% share of the company's earnings. Gaga's lawyer, Charles Ortner, described the agreement with Fusari as "unlawful" and declined to comment, but five months later, the New York Supreme Court dismissed both the lawsuit and a countersuit by Gaga.^[76]^[77] In addition to such strife, Gaga was tested borderline positive for lupus, but claimed not to be affected by the symptoms. The revelations caused considerable dismay among fans, leading to Gaga addressing the matter in an interview with Larry King, saying she hopes to avoid symptoms by maintaining a healthy lifestyle.^[78]^[79]

[edit] 2011–present: Born This Way

Gaga performing on the 2011 Good Morning America Summer Concert Series

Gaga released her second studio album and third major release, Born This Way, on May 23, 2011. Described as a marriage of electronic music with metal, rock 'n' roll, pop and anthemic style melodies with sledge-hammering dance beats and referred to as an album "about what what keeps us up at night and what makes us afraid," Gaga characterized it as "something so much deeper than a wig or lipstick or a fucking meat dress" and, upon hearing it, Akon remarked that she is taking music to the "next level."^[80]^[81] Upon release, the album received generally positive reviews from music critics, who praised its range of different styles and her vocals.^[82]^[83] Born This Way sold 1.108 million copies in its first week in the US, debuted atop the Billboard 200, and topped the charts in more than 20 other countries.^[84] In addition to exceeding 8 million copies in worldwide sales, Born This Way received 3 Grammy Award nominations, including her third consecutive for Album of the Year.^[85]

In the months prior to its unveiling, Gaga released the singles "Born This Way", "Judas" and "The Edge of Glory" alongside promotional single "Hair". The eponymous lead single, first sung live at the 53rd Grammy Awards in a performance that saw Gaga emerge from an egg-like vessel, deals with self-acceptance regardless of race or sexual orientation. The single debuted atop the Billboard Hot 100, becoming the 19th number-one debut and the 1,000th number-one single in the history of the charts.^[86] It sold more than 3 million digital copies in the US by October 2011, becoming her eighth consecutive single to exceed sales of 2 million and, with worldwide sales of 8.2 million copies by November 2011, one of her five best-selling singles worldwide.^[87] Critics noted artistic and cultural references and praised the concept of the song's accompanying music video, in which Gaga gives birth to a new race amidst surrealistic images.^[88]^[89] The video for "Judas", in which Gaga portrays Mary Magdalene, and Biblical figures such as Jesus Christ and Judas Iscariot are also featured, was criticized for its religious references but received acclaim for its overall delivery and praise from others who claimed that there was nothing offensive about it.^[90] "Judas" also peaked within the top ten in several major musical markets, while "The Edge of Glory", first a commercial success in digital outlets, was later released as a single to critical appreciation, accompanied by a video which was notably stripped down from her usually "extravagant" efforts.^[91]^[92] She released "You and I" and "Marry the Night" as the following singles from Born This Way. Although their "crazy and ambitious" videos were praised for their audacity, both songs failed to match the similar international success that their predecessors achieved.^[93]

Gaga continued her musical endeavors by pairing with veteran artists like Tony Bennett to record a jazz version of "The Lady Is a Tramp".^[94] She also recorded a duet with Cher on a "massive" and "beautiful" track, which Gaga "wrote a long time ago, and I've never put it on one of my own albums for, really, no particular reason."^[95] Gaga also lent her vocals to an original duet with Elton John for the animated feature film Gnomeo & Juliet. The song, "Hello, Hello", was released without Gaga's vocals but the duet version features in the film.^[96]^[97] She also continued her live appearances throughout 2011, performing a one-of-a-kind concert at the Sydney Town Hall on July 13 in promotion of Born This Way and at the celebration of former US president Bill Clinton's 65th birthday, wearing a blond wig as a nod to the famous performance of Marilyn Monroe for John F. Kennedy and changing the lyrics to "You and I" specifically for the performance.^[98] Televised appearances comprised her own Thanksgiving Day television special entitled A Very Gaga Thanksgiving which was critically lauded, attained 5.749 million American viewers, and spawned the release of her fourth extended play A Very Gaga Holiday.^[99] Her second performance on Saturday Night Live saw her singing a selection of Born This Way songs alongside appearing in number of sketches with Justin Timberlake and Andy Samberg.^[100] In March 2012, Gaga was ranked at number four on Billboard's list of top moneymakers of 2011, grossing $25,353,039 dollars, which includes sales from Born This Way and her Monster Ball Tour.^[4]

In early 2012, Gaga stated that songs for a new album were "beginning to flourish" as she worked with producer Fernando Garibay, while the accompanying tour for Born This Way was materializing.^[101]^[102] Gaga's manager, Vincent Herbert, revealed that Gaga will is working on her upcoming album during the tour, stating that the material is "insane, great records."^[103] The Born This Way Ball Tour began on April 27, 2012, at the Olympic Stadium in Seoul, South Korea.^[104] The tour was met with protests from several religious groups who denounced the tour as satanic and against religious values, resulting in protests mainly from the Islamic Defenders Front, causing a cancellation in the Indonesian city of Jakarta, where Gaga was denied a license to perform. The concert however was still in question as concert promoters were optimistic that the performance will in fact go on. However, due to threats of violence from Muslim hardliners, Gaga decided to cancel the concert although 52,000 tickets have sold out in just a few days.^[105]^[106]^[107] On May 20, 2012, Gaga guest-starred on the 23rd season finale of The Simpsons entitled "Lisa Goes Gaga".^[108]

Artistry [link]

Influences [link]

Gaga's parents, who exposed her to artists like The Beatles, Stevie Wonder, Queen, Bruce Springsteen, Pink Floyd, The Grateful Dead, Led Zeppelin and Elton John had significant influence on her childhood and, presently, still do.^[109] "I am a real family girl. When it comes to love and loyalty, I am very old-fashioned. And I am quite down-to-earth for such an eccentric person," she insists.^[110] "I'm quite traditional in the family sense. I've always been that way."^[109] According to Gaga, Joanne Germanotta – her aunt who died of lupus aged 19 – lives on through her and inspires all of her music and art.^[111] Joanne's date of death is tattooed on Gaga's body and, despite dying 12 years before her birth, Gaga commented, "I really believe I have two hearts. I think I actually carry two souls in my body, and that I'm living out the rest of her life and her goodness – she died a virgin, she died never having experienced all these things that we all get to love and experience in our lives."^[112] Another spiritual influence on Gaga has been the Indian physician, public speaker and writer Deepak Chopra. Labeling him a "true inspiration", she stated that "he's always reminded me to work in a life of service to my fans and to fulfill my vision and my destiny" in addition to thinking about Chopra when it comes to her work as a musician: "I want so much for it to go beyond the music for my fans."^[113]

Musically, Gaga takes influence from numerous musicians from dance-pop singers like Madonna and Michael Jackson to glam rock artists like David Bowie and Queen whilst employing the theatrics of artists like Andy Warhol and of her musical theatre roots in performance.^[31]^[114]^[115] The Queen song "Radio Ga Ga" inspired her stage name: "I adored Freddie Mercury and Queen had a hit called 'Radio Gaga'. That's why I love the name [...] Freddie was unique—one of the biggest personalities in the whole of pop music," she commented.^[18]^[114]^[116] Gaga receives regular comparisons to recording artist Madonna who admits that she sees herself reflected in Gaga.^[117] In response to the comparisons, Gaga stated, "I don't want to sound presumptuous, but I've made it my goal to revolutionize pop music. The last revolution was launched by Madonna 25 years ago" in addition to commenting that "there is really no one that is a more adoring and loving Madonna fan than me. I am the hugest fan personally and professionally."^[114]^[118] Like Madonna, Gaga has continued to reinvent herself and, over the years of her career, has drawn musical inspiration from a diverse mix of artists including Whitney Houston, Grace Jones, Cyndi Lauper, Blondie singer Debbie Harry, Scissor Sisters, Prince, Marilyn Manson, Yoko Ono, and Britney Spears.^[119]


Gaga has been influenced by a wide-range of artists as to which she has played homages to, including Madonna (left) and Bruce Springsteen. (Right)

Gaga has mentioned Spears in several interviews, and revealed, "Britney certainly doesn’t need any freakin’ tips from me! Britney Spears is the queen of pop. I was learning from her."^[120] Gaga also paid tribute to Spears during the 2011 MTV Video Music Awards with the MTV Video Vanguard Award, adding that the pop singer "taught us all how to be fearless, and the industry wouldn't be the same without her."^[121]

Gaga has identified fashion as a major influence and has been stylistically compared to English eccentrics Leigh Bowery and Isabella Blow and to American recording artist Cher.^[14]^[26]^[110]^[122] She commented that "as a child, she somehow absorbed Cher's out-there fashion sense and made it her own."^[122] She has considered Donatella Versace her muse and the late British fashion designer and close friend Alexander McQueen as an inspiration, admitting that "I miss Lee every time I get dressed" while channeling him in some of her work.^[14]^[78] Modeled on Andy Warhol's Factory, Gaga has her own creative production team, which she handles personally, called the Haus of Gaga, who create many of her clothes, stage props, and hairdos.^[123] Her adoration of fashion came from her mother, who she stated was "always very well kept and beautiful."^[6] "When I'm writing music, I'm thinking about the clothes I want to wear on stage. It's all about everything altogether—performance art, pop performance art, fashion. For me, it's everything coming together and being a real story that will bring back the super-fan. I want to bring that back. I want the imagery to be so strong that fans will want to eat and taste and lick every part of us."^[26] The Global Language Monitor named "Lady Gaga" as the Top Fashion Buzzword with her trademark "no pants" a close third.^[124] Entertainment Weekly put her outfits on its end of the decade "best-of" list, saying, "Whether it's a dress made of Muppets or strategically placed bubbles, Gaga's outré ensembles brought performance art into the mainstream."^[125] Gaga made her runway debut at Thierry Mugler's Paris fashion show in March 2011 where she wore items from Nicola Formichetti's debut women's wear collection.^[126] In June of the same year, she won the Council of Fashion Designers of America Award for Fashion Icon.^[127] Time Magazine placed Gaga on their "All-Time 100 Fashion Icons List" amongst some of Gaga's inspirations such as Michael Jackson, Madonna, and the The Beatles, stating: "Lady Gaga is just as notorious for her outrageous style as she is for her pop hits. After all, Gaga, born Stefani Germanotta, has sported outfits made from plastic bubbles, Kermit the Frog dolls, and raw meat."^[128] She has since devoted her time as a fashion columnist for V magazine, where she has written about her creative process, her studying of the world of pop culture, and her ability to tune into the evolution of pop-culture meme.^[129]

In August 2011 she sent to her 15 millions followers that she had at that time on Twitter, a quote about creativity from the book "Creativity"^[130] by Osho,^[131] which led journalists, on October 28, of the same year, on her arrival to India for the inauguration of a big Formula One motorsport event,^[132] to ask her about her connection to him, to which Gaga said she was influenced by his work and that for her, "the creativity is the greatest way of rebellion": "Equality", she concluded, "is one of the most important things in my life".^[133]

Musical style [link]

	"Just Dance" (2008) noicon A 30-second sample of Lady Gaga's "Just Dance" featuring the chorus sung by Lady Gaga and Colby O'Donis in the range of B₃ to C♯, backed by a synth marching beat. The song became her first international hit single and sold 7.7 million copies worldwide.
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Continually experimenting with new musical ideas and images, Gaga's musical and performance style is the subject of much analysis and scrutiny from critics. She professes that she is "liberating" herself by constantly reinventing her sound and image, insisting that she has been drawn to such a practice since her childhood.^[134] Vocally, Gaga possesses the range of a contralto and exhibits "overwhelming expression, instinctive vocal phrasing, '80s rock reminiscent chest belts and animalistic vocal ticks" while being able to move through 2.4 octaves.^[135]^[136] Refusing to lip sync, Gaga – whose range is frequently compared to those of Madonna and Gwen Stefani – has manipulated her vocal style over the course of her career yet considers Born This Way (2011) "much more vocally up to par with what I've always been capable of."^[137]^[138] In summation of her voice, Entertainment Weekly wrote, "There's an immense emotional intelligence behind the way she uses her voice. Almost never does she overwhelm a song with her vocal ability, recognizing instead that artistry is to be found in nuance rather than lung power."^[139]

A blond woman in a bob-cut, sitting cross-legged on a transparent platform full of bubbles and lit from inside in pink. The woman is wearing a dress made of transparent bubbles of varying sizes. She is holding a microphone in her left hand and appears to be smiling.

Gaga performing in a plastic bubble dress (2009)

Although her early lyrics have been criticized for lacking intellectual stimulation, "[Gaga] does manage to get you moving and grooving at an almost effortless pace."^[140] She admits that her songwriting has been misinterpreted; her friend and blogger Perez Hilton articulated her message in a clearer way: "you write really deep intelligent lyrics with shallow concepts." Gaga opined, "Perez is very intelligent and clearly listened to my record from beginning to end, and he is correct."^[141] "I love songwriting. It's so funny – I will just jam around in my underwear or I could be washing my dishes. I wrote several songs just at the piano," she confesses.^[141] Gaga believes that "all good music can be played at a piano and still sound like a hit."^[142] She has covered a wide variety of topics in her songs: while The Fame (2008) meditates on the lust for stardom, The Fame Monster (2009) expresses fame's dark side through monster metaphors. Born This Way (2011) is sung in English, French, German and Spanish and includes common themes in Gaga's controversial songwriting like love, sex, religion, money, drugs, identity, liberation, sexuality, freedom and individualism.^[143]^[144]

The structure of her music is said to echo classic 1980s pop and 1990s Europop.^[145] Her debut album The Fame (2008) provoked The Sunday Times to assert "in combining music, fashion, art and technology, [Gaga] evokes Madonna, Gwen Stefani circa 'Hollaback Girl', Kylie Minogue 2001 or Grace Jones right now" and a critic from The Boston Globe to comment that she draws "obvious inspirations from Madonna to Gwen Stefani... in [her] girlish but sturdy pipes and bubbly beats."^[146]^[147] Music critic Simon Reynolds wrote that "Everything about Gaga came from electroclash, except the music, which wasn't particularly 1980s, just ruthlessly catchy naughties pop glazed with Auto-Tune and undergirded with R&B-ish beats."^[148] The follow-up The Fame Monster (2009), saw Gaga's taste for pastiche, drawing on "Seventies arena glam, perky ABBA disco and sugary throwbacks like Stacey Q" while Born This Way (2011) also draws on the records of her childhood and still has the "electro-sleaze beats and Eurodisco chorus chants" of its predecessor but includes genres as diverse as opera, heavy metal, disco, and rock and roll.^[143] "There isn't a subtle moment on the album, but even at its nuttiest, the music is full of wide-awake emotional details," wrote Rolling Stone, who concluded: "The more excessive Gaga gets, the more honest she sounds."^[144]

Music videos and performances [link]

Gaga, recognized for her unconventionality, during a "blood soaked" performance (2010)

With constant costume changes, backup dancers, and provocative visuals, Gaga's music videos are often described as short films.^[149] "Being provocative is not just about getting people's attention. It's about saying something that really affects people in a real way, in a positive way," she professes.^[149] Exploring bondage and sadomasochism in addition to highlighting prevalent feminist themes, "the three central themes that shape Lady Gaga's music videos are sex, violence, and power."^[150] "Vaudevillian and carnal, Lady Gaga has got the knack of sending rape-like fantasies—in songs and videos that double as catch club hits—to the top of the charts," wrote one critic.^[151] "Whether it is physical violence or sexual exploitation, these videos offer vivid depictions of male power over women's bodies," wrote another.^[150] While she labels herself "a little bit of a feminist" (she rejects man-hating feminism) and asserts that she is "sexually empowering women,"^[151] Gaga strives to empower young women to stand up for what they believe in.^[150] She also attempts to liberate her fans so they can feel "less alone."^[152] "She not only reiterates her assertion of total originality," professed pop critic Ann Powers, "but also finesses it until it's both a philosophical stance about how constructing a persona from pop-cultural sources can be an expression of a person's truth—a la those drag queens Gaga sincerely admires—and a bit of a feminist act."^[153] In summation of her videos, Rolling Stone used the rhetoric: "does anyone look to a Lady Gaga video for restraint?"^[93]

Her performances are described as "highly entertaining and innovative"; the blood-spurting performance of "Paparazzi" at the 2009 MTV Video Music Awards was described as "eye-popping" by MTV.^[154] She continued the "blood soaked" theme during The Monster Ball Tour, in which she wore a revealing leather corset and was "attacked" by a performer dressed in black who gnaws on her throat, causing "blood" to spurt down her chest, after which she lies "dying" in a pool of blood. Her performances of that scene in England triggered protests from family groups and fans in the aftermath of a local tragedy, in which a taxi driver had murdered 12 people.^[155] "What happened in Bradford is very fresh in people's minds and given all the violence which happened in Cumbria just hours earlier, it was insensitive," said Lynn Costello of Mothers Against Violence.^[156] Her unconventionality continued at the 2011 MTV Video Music Awards: performing in drag as her male alter ego, Jo Calderone, and delivering a lovesick monologue before a performance of her song "You and I".^[157] Some have defended her flamboyant and provocative behavior. "Well, she's Lady Gaga," Chris Rock said. "She's not 'Lady Behave Yourself.' Do you want great behavior from a person named Gaga? Is this what you were expecting?"^[158] As Gaga's choreographer and creative director, Laurieann Gibson provided material for her shows and videos for four years. However, the pair parted in November 2011; Gaga replacing her with Gibson's assistant Richard Jackson.^[159] Gaga admits to being a perfectionist when it comes to her elaborate shows. "I'm very bossy. I can scream my head off if I see one light fixture out. I'm very detailed – every minute of the show has got to be perfect."^[149]

Public image [link]

Philanthropy [link]

Besides her career in music, Gaga has also contributed to various charities. For natural disasters, Gaga has helped various relief efforts. Although declining an invitation to appear on the single "We Are the World 25" to benefit victims of the 2010 Haiti earthquake, she donated the proceeds of her January 24, 2010 concert at New York's Radio City Music Hall to the country's reconstruction relief fund.^[178] All profits from her official online store on that day were also donated. Gaga announced that an estimated total of US$500,000 was collected for the fund.^[179] Hours after the 2011 Tōhoku earthquake and tsunami hit Japan on March 11, 2011, Gaga tweeted a message and a link to Japan Prayer Bracelets. All revenue from a bracelet she designed in conjunction with the company was donated to relief efforts.^[180] As of March 29, 2011, the bracelets raised $1.5 million.^[181] However, attorney Alyson Oliver filed a lawsuit against Gaga in Detroit in June 2011, noting that the bracelet was subject to a sales tax and an extra $3.99 shipping charge was added to the price. She also believed that not all proceeds from the bracelets would go to the relief efforts, demanding a public accounting of the campaign and refunds for people who had bought the bracelet. Gaga's spokesperson called the lawsuit "meritless" and "misleading".^[182] On June 25, 2011, Gaga performed at MTV Japan's charity show in Makuhari Messe, which benefited the Japanese Red Cross.^[183]

HIV and AIDS [link]

Gaga also contributes in the fight against HIV and AIDS, focusing on educating young women about the risks of the disease. In collaboration with Cyndi Lauper, Gaga joined forces with MAC Cosmetics to launch a line of lipstick under their supplementary cosmetic line, Viva Glam. Titled Viva Glam Gaga and Viva Glam Cyndi for each contributor respectively, all net proceeds of the lipstick line were donated to the cosmetic company's campaign to prevent HIV and AIDS worldwide.^[184] In a press release, Gaga declared, "I don't want Viva Glam to be just a lipstick you buy to help a cause. I want it to be a reminder when you go out at night to put a condom in your purse right next to your lipstick."^[185] The sales of Gaga-endorsed Viva Glam lipstick and lipgloss have raised more than $202 million to fight HIV and AIDS.^[3]

Born This Way Foundation [link]

Main article: Born This Way Foundation

As a humanitarian, she has launched her own non-profit organization, the Born This Way Foundation, which focuses on youth empowerment and issues like self-confidence, well-being, anti-bullying, mentoring, and career development. "My mother and I have initiated a passion project. We call it the Born This Way Foundation," Gaga said in a statement about the foundation, which takes its name from the 2011 single and album. "Together we hope to establish a standard of Bravery and Kindness, as well as a community worldwide that protects and nurtures others in the face of bullying and abandonment." The foundation will work with a number of partners, including the John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation, The California Endowment and the Berkman Center for Internet & Society at Harvard University.^[186] She also jumped into the debate surrounding SB 1070, Arizona's recently-enacted anti-immigration law, after premiering her Born This Way song "Americano" on the Guadalajara stop of The Monster Ball Tour in Mexico, telling the local press that she could not "stand by many of the unjust immigration laws" in the US.^[187] A devoted advocate for the LGBT community, Gaga is also an outspoken activist for LGBT rights worldwide.^[188] On February 29, 2012, Gaga and Oprah Winfrey visited Harvard University to launch her Born This Way Foundation.

LGBT advocacy [link]

A blond woman wearing a white shirt and black glasses speaking on a lectern carrying a 'National Equality March' poster. Behind her is a white stone balustrade of a building.

Gaga delivers a speech at the 2009 National Equality March

Gaga attributes much of her early success as a mainstream artist to her gay fans and is considered to be a gay icon.^[189] Early in her career she had difficulty getting radio airplay, and stated, "The turning point for me was the gay community. I've got so many gay fans and they're so loyal to me and they really lifted me up. They'll always stand by me and I'll always stand by them. It's not an easy thing to create a fanbase."^[190] She thanked FlyLife, a Manhattan-based LGBT marketing company with whom her label Interscope works, in the liner notes of The Fame, saying, "I love you so much. You were the first heartbeat in this project, and your support and brilliance means the world to me. I will always fight for the gay community hand in hand with this incredible team."^[191] One of her first televised performances was in May 2008 at the NewNowNext Awards, an awards show aired by the LGBT television network Logo, where she sang her song "Just Dance".^[192] In June of the same year, she performed the song again at the San Francisco Pride event.^[193]

After The Fame was released, she revealed that the song "Poker Face" was about her bisexuality. In an interview with Rolling Stone, she spoke about how her boyfriends tended to react to her bisexuality, saying "The fact that I'm into women, they're all intimidated by it. It makes them uncomfortable. They're like, 'I don't need to have a threesome. I'm happy with just you'."^[33] When she appeared as a guest on The Ellen DeGeneres Show in May 2009, she praised DeGeneres for being "an inspiration for women and for the gay community".^[194] She proclaimed that the October 11, 2009 National Equality March rally on the National Mall was "the single most important event of her career." As she exited, she left with an exultant "Bless God and bless the gays,"^[195] similar to her 2009 MTV Video Music Awards acceptance speech for Best New Artist a month earlier.^[196] At the Human Rights Campaign Dinner, held the same weekend as the rally, she performed a cover of John Lennon's "Imagine" declaring that "I'm not going to [play] one of my songs tonight because tonight is not about me, it's about you." She changed the original lyrics of the song to reflect the death of Matthew Shepard, a college student murdered because of his sexuality.^[197]

Gaga addresses the crowd at SLDN's "Don't ask, don't tell" rally in 2010

Gaga attended the 2010 MTV Video Music Awards accompanied by four service members of the United States Armed Forces (Mike Almy, David Hall, Katie Miller and Stacy Vasquez), all of whom, under the United States military's "Don't ask, don't tell" (DADT) policy, had been prohibited from serving openly because of their sexuality.^[198] In addition, Gaga wore a meat dress to the ceremony which was supplemented by boots, a purse and a hat that were all fabricated from the flesh of a dead animal.^[199] Partly awarded in recognition of the dress, Vogue.com UK named her one of the Best Dressed people of 2010 while Time magazine's named the dress the Fashion Statement of 2010, it received divided opinions – evoking the attention of worldwide media but invoking the fury of animal rights organization PETA.^[200]^[201]^[202] She denied any intention of causing disrespect to any person or organization and wished for the dress to be interpreted as a statement of human rights with focus upon those in the LGBT community, adding that "If we don't stand up for what we believe in and if we don't fight for our rights, pretty soon we're going to have as much rights as the meat on our own bones."^[203]

She later released three videos on YouTube urging her fans to contact their Senators in an effort to overturn the policy. In late September 2010 she spoke at the Servicemembers Legal Defense Network's "4the14K" Rally in Deering Oaks Park in Portland, Maine. The name of the rally signified the number – an estimated 14,000 – of service members discharged under the DADT policy at the time. During her remarks, she urged members of the U.S. Senate (and in particular, moderate Republican Senators from Maine, Olympia Snowe and Susan Collins) to vote in favor of legislation that would repeal the DADT policy. Following this event, editors of The Advocate commented that she had become "the real fierce advocate" for gays and lesbians, one that Barack Obama had promised to be.^[204]^[205]

Gaga appeared at Europride, a pan-European international event dedicated to LGBT pride, held in Rome in June 2011. In a nearly twenty-minute speech, she criticized the intolerant state of gay rights in many European countries and described homosexuals as "revolutionaries of love" before performing acoustic renderings of "Born This Way" and "The Edge of Glory" in front of thousands at the Circus Maximus.^[206]^[207] She stated that "Today and every day we fight for freedom. We fight for justice. We beckon for compassion, understanding and above all we want full equality now".^[208] Gaga revealed that she is often questioned why she dedicates herself to "gayspeak" and "how gay" she is, to which, she told the audience: "Why is this question, why is this issue so important? My answer is: I am a child of diversity, I am one with my generation, I feel a moral obligation as a woman, or a man, to exercise my revolutionary potential and make the world a better place." She then joked: "On a gay scale from 1 to 10, I'm a Judy Garland fucking 42."^[209]

Discography [link]

For the full list, see Lady Gaga discography.

The Fame (2008)
The Fame Monster (2009)
Born This Way (2011)

Filmography [link]

Lady Gaga Presents the Monster Ball Tour: At Madison Square Garden (2011)
A Very Gaga Thanksgiving (2011)
"Lisa Goes Gaga" (The Simpsons episode) (2012)
Men in Black 3 (Plays the role of an alien.) (2012)^[210]

Concert tours [link]

The Fame Ball Tour (2009)
Fame Kills: Starring Kanye West and Lady Gaga (2009–10) (cancelled)
The Monster Ball Tour (2009–11)
The Born This Way Ball Tour (2012–13)

References [link]

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^ Review: Unnecessary ‘Men in Black 3’ just O‘K’ compared to predecessors - a-e - The Lantern - Ohio State University

External links [link]

Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Lady Gaga

Wikiquote has a collection of quotations related to: Lady Gaga

Official website
Lady Gaga at Allmusic
Lady Gaga at AllRovi
Lady Gaga discography at Discogs
Lady Gaga on Facebook
Lady Gaga at the Internet Movie Database
Lady Gaga collected news and commentary at The Guardian
Lady Gaga collected news and commentary at The New York Times
Lady Gaga collected news and commentary at The Wall Street Journal
Works by or about Lady Gaga in libraries (WorldCat catalog)
Slide show Vanity Fair

v t e Lady Gaga

Discography Awards and nominations

Studio albums	The Fame Born This Way

Compilation albums	The Remix Born This Way: The Remix

EPs	The Cherrytree Sessions Hitmixes The Fame Monster A Very Gaga Holiday

Video albums	Lady Gaga Presents the Monster Ball Tour: At Madison Square Garden

Singles	"Just Dance" "Poker Face" "Eh, Eh (Nothing Else I Can Say)" "LoveGame" "Paparazzi" "Bad Romance" "Telephone" "Alejandro" "Dance in the Dark" "Born This Way" "Judas" "The Edge of Glory" "You and I" "Marry the Night"

Collaborations	"Chillin" "Video Phone (Extended Remix)" "3-Way (The Golden Rule)" "The Lady Is a Tramp"

Promotional singles	"Beautiful, Dirty, Rich" "Christmas Tree" "Hair"

Other songs	"Monster" "Speechless" "So Happy I Could Die" "Scheiße" "Heavy Metal Lover" "Black Jesus + Amen Fashion"

Concert tours	The Fame Ball Tour Fame Kills The Monster Ball Tour Born This Way Ball

Media	"The Telltale Moozadell" "Miss Universe 2008" "The Last Days of Disco Stick" Lady Gaga Presents the Monster Ball Tour: At Madison Square Garden A Very Gaga Thanksgiving "Lisa Goes Gaga" Men in Black 3

Books	Lady Gaga x Terry Richardson

Related articles	Born This Way Foundation "Born This Way" (Glee) Cherrytree Records Nicola Formichetti Laurieann Gibson Haus of Gaga Interscope Records Kon Live Distribution Lady Gaga: Queen of Pop Meat dress "Perform This Way" "Theatricality" Lady Gaga on Twitter Controversy of the Born This Way Ball

Book Category Portal WikiProject

Authority control: LCCN: no2008179258 | VIAF: 220974042 | WorldCat

Persondata
Name	Germanotta, Stefani Joanne Angelina
Alternative names	Lady Gaga
Short description	American pop singer
Date of birth	March 28, 1986
Place of birth	New York City, New York, U.S.
Date of death
Place of death

lez:Леди Гага

http://wn.com/Lady_Gaga

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http://es.wn.com/Lady Gaga

http://ru.wn.com/Леди Гага

http://cs.wn.com/Lady Gaga

http://pt.wn.com/Lady Gaga

http://pl.wn.com/Lady Gaga

http://hi.wn.com/लेडी गागा

http://it.wn.com/Lady Gaga

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This page contains text from Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lady_Gaga

This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, which means that you can copy and modify it as long as the entire work (including additions) remains under this license.

This article is about the singer. For his self-titled album, see Luther Vandross (album).

This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (February 2011)

Luther Vandross
Vandross performing with Diana Ross in New York in 2000
Background information
Birth name	Luther Vandross
Born	(1951-04-20)April 20, 1951 New York, New York, United States
Died	July 1, 2005(2005-07-01) (aged 54) Edison, New Jersey, United States
Genres	R&B, soul, adult contemporary, soft rock, soul jazz, quiet storm
Occupations	Singer-songwriter, Musician, record producer
Years active	1968–2005
Labels	Cotillion, Epic, Virgin, J, Legacy
Associated acts	Change, Chic, Dionne Warwick, Richard Marx, Whitney Houston
Website	luthervandross.com

Luther Vandross (April 20, 1951 – July 1, 2005) was an American singer-songwriter and record producer. During his career, Vandross sold over twenty-five million albums^[1] and won eight Grammy Awards^[2] including Best Male R&B Vocal Performance four times. He won four Grammy Awards in 2004 including the Grammy Award for Song of the Year for the track "Dance with My Father",^[3] co-written with Richard Marx.

1 Biography
2 Discography
3 Tours
4 Awards
5 See also
6 Notes
7 References
8 External links

Biography [link]

1951–1979: Early life and career [link]

Luther Vandross was born on April 20, 1951 at Bellevue Hospital in Manhattan, New York City, United States.^[4] He was the fourth child and second son to Mary Ida Vandross and Luther Vandross, Sr.^[4]^[5]

Born on the Lower East Side of Manhattan in New York City in the NYCHA Alfred E. Smith Houses public housing development, Vandross began playing the piano at the age of three. He grew up in a musical family that moved to the Bronx when he was thirteen. His sister, Patricia, sang with the vocal group The Crests, who had a number two hit in 1958 with "16 Candles", though she left the group before the recording. Vandross's father died of diabetes when Vandross was eight years old. Luther Vandross was in a high school group, Shades of Jade, that once played at the Apollo Theater in Harlem. He was also a member of a theater workshop, "Listen My Brother" who released the singles "Only Love Can Make a Better World" and "Listen My Brother", and appeared on the second and fifth episodes of Sesame Street in November 1969.

Vandross attended Western Michigan University for a year before dropping out to continue pursuing a career in music.

His next hit credit was on an album by Roberta Flack in 1972. He was the founder of the first-ever Patti LaBelle fan club. Luther also sang on Delores Hall's Hall-Mark album from 1973. He sang with her on the song "Who's Gonna Make It Easier for Me", which he wrote. He also contributed another song, "In This Lonely Hour." Having co-written "Fascination" for David Bowie's Young Americans, he went on to tour with him as a back-up vocalist in September 1974. Vandross wrote "Everybody Rejoice" for the 1975 Broadway musical The Wiz and appeared as a choir member in the movie.

Vandross also sang backing vocals for Diana Ross, Roberta Flack, Gary Glitter, Carly Simon, Chaka Khan, Todd Rundgren's Utopia, Donna Summer, Bette Midler, Chic, and Barbra Streisand.

Before his breakthrough, Vandross was part of a singing quintet in the late '70s named Luther, consisting of former Shades of Jade members Anthony Hinton and Diane Sumler, Theresa V. Reed, and Christine Wiltshire, signed to Cotillion Records. Although the singles "It's Good for the Soul", "Funky Music (Is a Part of Me)", and "The Second Time Around" were relatively successful, their two albums, the self-titled Luther (1976) and This Close to You (1977), didn't sell enough to make the charts. Vandross bought back the rights to these albums after Cotillion dropped the group, preventing their later re-release.

Vandross also wrote and sang commercial jingles during the late 1970s and early 1980s, and continued his successful career as a popular session singer during the late 1970s.

In 1978, Luther sang lead vocals for a disco band called Greg Diamond's Bionic Boogie on the song titled "Hot Butterfly." Also in 1978, he appeared on Quincy Jones's Sounds...and Stuff Like That!!, most notably on the song "I'm Gonna Miss You In The Morning" along with Patti Austin. Luther also sang with the band Soirée, where he was the lead vocalist on the track "You Are the Sunshine of My Life", and contributed background vocals to the album along with Jocelyn Brown and Sharon Redd, each of whom also saw solo success. He also sang the lead vocals on the group Mascara LP title song "See You in L.A." released in 1979. Luther shines with his impeccable singing supported by his group's co-members David Lasley and Ula Hedwig. Luther also appeared on the group Charme's 1979 album Let It In, most notably on a remake of Toto's hit single "Georgy Porgy".

1980–2003: Career success [link]

Vandross finally made his long desired career breakthrough as a featured singer with the vaunted pop-dance act Change, a studio concept created by French-Italian businessman Jacques Fred Petrus. Their 1980 hits, "The Glow of Love" (by Romani, Malavasi and Garfield) and "Searching" (by Malavasi), both featuring Vandross as lead singer, opened up the world for Vandross. And there was no doubt about whether Vandross liked the song "The Glow of Love". In an interview that Vibe Magazine did with him in 2001 Vandross said, "This is the most beautiful song I've ever sung in my life." Both songs were from Change's debut album The Glow of Love. Vandross was also originally intended to perform on their second and highly successful album Miracles in 1981, but declined the offer as Petrus didn't pay enough money. Vandross' decision rapidly led to a recording contract with Epic Records that same year but didn't stop him from doing some background vocals on "Miracles" and on the new Petrus created act, The B. B. & Q. band in 1981. During that hectic year Vandross jump-started his second attempt at a solo career with his debut album, Never Too Much. In addition to the hit title track it contained a version of the Burt Bacharach / Hal David song "A House Is Not a Home". The song "Never Too Much", written by himself, reached number-one on the R&B charts. This period also marked the beginning of frequent songwriting collaboration with bassist Marcus Miller, who played on many of the tracks and would also produce or co-produce a number of tracks for Vandross. The Never Too Much album was arranged by high school classmate Nat Adderley, Jr., a collaboration that would last through Vandross's career.^[6]

Vandross released a series of successful R&B albums during the 1980s and continued his session work with guest vocals on groups like Charme in 1982. Many of his earlier albums made a bigger impact on the R&B charts than on the pop charts. During the 1980s, Vandross had two singles that reached #1 on the Billboard R&B charts: "Stop to Love", in 1986, and a duet with Gregory Hines—"There's Nothing Better Than Love."^[7] Vandross was at the helm as producer for Aretha Franklin's Gold-certified, award-winning comeback album Jump to It. He also produced the disappointing follow-up album, 1983's Get It Right. In 1983, the opportunity to work with his main music influence, Dionne Warwick, came about with Vandross producing, writing songs, and singing on How Many Times Can We Say Goodbye, her fourth album for Arista Records. The title track duet reached #27 on the Hot 100 chart (#7 R&B/#4 Adult Contemporary),^[8] while the second single, "Got a Date" was only a moderate hit (#45 R&B/#15 Club Play).

In 1985, Vandross first spotted the talent of Jimmy Salvemini, 15 at the time, on Star Search. He thought Salvemini had the perfect voice for some of his songs. He contacted Salvemini, who was managed by his brother Larry. A contract was negotiated with Elektra records for $250,000 and Vandross agreed to produce the album. Luther even contacted old friends to appear on the album, Cheryl Lynn, Alfa Anderson (Chic), Phoebe Snow and Irene Cara. After the album was completed, Vandross, Jimmy, and Larry decided to celebrate. On January 12, 1986, they were riding in Vandross' convertible Mercedes when it crossed the yellow lines of the two lane street and smashed into two vehicles. All three men were rushed to the hospital. Larry Salvemini died during surgery, and Vandross and Jimmy Salvemini survived. At first, the Salvemini family was supportive of Vandross. In 1986, Vandross faced vehicular manslaughter charges as a result of Larry's death. Vandross pled no contest to reckless driving. The Salvemini family filed a wrongful death suit against Vandross. The case was quietly settled out of court with a payment to the Salvemini family for $700,000. The album called "Roll With It" was released later that year.

Vandross also sings background in Stevie Wonder's 1985 hit "Part Time Lovers".

In 1986, Vandross voiced a cartoon character named Zack for three Saturday morning animated PSA spots for ABC Television called 'Zack of All Trades'.

The 1989 compilation The Best of Luther Vandross... The Best of Love included the ballad "Here and Now", his first single to chart in the Billboard pop chart top ten, peaking at number six. He won his first Grammy award for Best Male R&B Vocal Performance in 1991.

In 1990, Vandross wrote and sang background for Whitney Houston in a song entitled "Why Do You Love?" which appeared on her "I'm Your baby Tonight" album. Vandross and Houston had been long time acquantances, probably having met doing sessions in the late 70s and early 80s.

More albums followed in the 1990s, beginning with 1991's Power of Love which spawned two top ten pop hits. He won his second Best Male R&B Vocal in the Grammy Awards of 1992 with the track "Power of Love/Love Power" winning the Grammy Award for Best R&B Song in the same year. In 1992, "The Best Things in Life Are Free", a duet with Janet Jackson from the movie Mo' Money became a hit.

In 1993, Vandross had a brief non-speaking role in the Robert Townsend movie The Meteor Man. He played a hit man who plotted to stop Townsend's title character.

Vandross hit the top ten again in 1994, teaming with Mariah Carey on a cover version of Lionel Richie and Diana Ross's duet "Endless Love". It was included on the album Songs (Luther Vandross album), a collection of songs which had inspired Vandross over the years. He also appears on Frank Sinatra's posthumous Duets album. At the Grammy Awards of 1997, he won his third Best Male R&B Vocal for the track "Your Secret Love". A second greatest hits album, released in 1997, compiled most of his 1990s hits and was his final album released through Epic Records. After releasing I Know on Virgin Records, he signed with J Records. His first album on Clive Davis's new label, entitled Luther Vandross, was released in 2001, and it produced the hits "Take You Out" (#7 R&B/#26 Pop), and "I'd Rather" (#17 Adult Contemporary/#40 R&B/#83 Pop) Vandross scored at least one top 10 R&B hit every year from 1981-1994.

In 1997, Vandross sang the American national anthem during Super Bowl XXXI at the Louisiana Superdome, New Orleans, Louisiana.

In September 2001, Vandross performed a rendition of Michael Jackson's hit song "Man in the Mirror" at Jackson's 30th Anniversary special, alongside Usher.

In 2002, he gave some of his final concerts during his last tour, The BK Got Soul Tour starring Vandross featuring Angie Stone and Gerald Levert.

In 2003, Vandross released the album Dance with My Father. The title track, which was dedicated to Vandross' memory childhood dances with his father, won Vandross and his co-writer, Richard Marx, the 2004 Grammy Award for Song of the Year. The song also won Vandross his fourth and final award in the Best Male R&B Vocal Performance category. The album was his first to reach number one on the Billboard album chart. The video for the title track features various celebrities alongside their fathers and other family members. The 2nd single released from that album, "Think About You" was the Number One Urban Adult Contemporary Song of 2004 according to Radio & Records.

In 2003, after the televised NCAA Men's Basketball championship, CBS Sports gave "One Shining Moment" a new look. Vandross, who had been to only one basketball game in his life, was the new singer, and the video didn't have any special effects like glowing basketballs and star trails like it did in previous years. This song version is in use today.^[9]

2003–2005: Illness and death [link]

Vandross suffered from diabetes and hypertension, both of which ran in his family.

On April 16, 2003, Vandross suffered a stroke at his home in Manhattan, New York. At the time of his stroke, he had just finished the final vocals for the album Dance With My Father. His collaborator on the album was pop star Richard Marx, whom Vandross had met in 1989. Vandross appeared briefly on videotape at the 2004 Grammy Awards to accept his Song of the Year Award, where he said, "When I say goodbye it's never for long because I believe in the power of love". Other than an appearance on The Oprah Winfrey Show, he was never seen in public again.

Vandross died on July 1, 2005 at John F. Kennedy Medical Center in Edison, New Jersey at the age of 54. The apparent cause of his death was a heart attack.

His funeral was in New York City on July 8, 2005. After two days of viewing, Vandross was entombed at George Washington Memorial Park in Paramus, New Jersey. Much of his estate was left to friends and his godson Mark West.

Voice recognition [link]

In 2008, Vandross was ranked #54 on Rolling Stone magazine's List of 100 Greatest Singers of All Time.^[10]

Tribute [link]

In 1999, Whitney Houston sang Vandross' "So Amazing" as a tribute to Vandross as he sat in the audience during the Soul Train Awards. Johnny Gill, El Debarge, and Kenny Lattimore provided background vocals. On July 27, 2004, GRP Records released a smooth jazz various artists tribute album, Forever, For Always, For Luther, with ten popular songs written by Luther. The album featured vocal arrangements by Luther, and was produced by Rex Rideout and Bud Harner. Rideout had co-authored songs and contributed arrangements and played keyboards on Luther's final three albums. The tribute album was mixed by Ray Bardani, who recorded and mixed most of Luther's music over the years. It featured an ensemble of smooth jazz performers, many of whom had previously worked with Luther.^[11] On September 20, 2005, the album So Amazing: An All-Star Tribute to Luther Vandross was released. The album is a collection of some of Luther's songs performed by various artists, including Stevie Wonder, Mary J. Blige, Usher, Fantasia, Beyoncé Knowles, Donna Summer, Alicia Keys, Elton John, Celine Dion, Wyclef Jean, Babyface, Patti LaBelle, John Legend, Angie Stone, Jamie Foxx, Teddy Pendergrass, and Aretha Franklin. Aretha Franklin won a Grammy for her rendition of "A House Is Not a Home", and Stevie Wonder and Beyoncé won a Grammy for their cover of "So Amazing". The violin duo Nuttin' But Stringz did a remix of the song "Dance with My Father" for their album Struggle from the Subway to the Charts, which was released on October 3, 2006. On November 21, 2006, saxophonist Dave Koz released a followup to the earlier smooth jazz GRP tribute album, this time on his own Rendezvous Entertainment label, an album called Forever, For Always, For Luther Volume II, also produced by Rex Rideout and Bud Harner. Dave Koz played on all the featured Luther Vandross tracks, which were recorded by various smooth jazz artists.^[12] In 2007, Deniece Williams included "Never Too Much" on her Love, Niecy Style CD. Williams said that she recorded the song to say "I love you" to her old friend. The music video "Bye Bye" from Mariah Carey sees Vandross' picture appear in the closing images. His image was included as a tribute along with various other deceased people with whom Carey had collaborated. On A Different Me, Keyshia Cole sings the outro to "Luther Vandross" on "Playa Cardz Right", which features rapper Tupac Shakur. Guitarist Norman Brown did a rendition of "Any Love" on his 1994 album After The Storm. R&B band 112 sampled Vandross' "Don't You Know That" to make their song "Love Me" on their second album Room 112. Saxophonist Boney James covers his rendition on his final track "The Night I Fell In Love" on Backbone in 1994. Author Craig Seymour wrote a book about Vandross called Luther: The Life and Longing of Luther Vandross. The book includes numerous interviews with Vandross. In 2009, Jadakiss sampled Vandross' "Promise Me" to make his song "The Things I've Been Through" on his album, "The Last Kiss". In 1998, well-known guitarist Peter White covered the Vandross song "Don't Want to Be a Fool", from the album Perfect Moment. In November 2006, Korean singer K included a cover of the Vandross song "Every Year, Every Christmas" on his Christmas single, ファースト・クリスマス ("First Christmas"), released in Japan. It was also later added to his tribute album, The Timeless Collection Vol. 1. In 2010, NPR included Vandross in its 50 Greatest Voices in recorded history, saying Vandross represents "the platinum standard for R&B song stylings." The announcement was made on NPR's All Things Considered on November 29, 2010. In late 2010, rapper Battman D.E. GannaBanna sampled Vandross' "Make Me A Believer" for his song "Wanna Luv U" on his debut album The World Is A MothaF**kin' Ghetto. Hip-hop duo Young Gunz featuring Rell sampled Vandross' "Better Love" to the make the song "No Better Love" on their 2004 Roc-A-Fella Records debut album, Tough Luv. Jacob Lusk performed "Dance With My Father" on American Idol season 10 as a tribute to his late father Gregory Lusk and as a tribute to Vandross on April 20, 2011. Smooth jazz urban saxophonist Alfonzo Blackwell covered the song on his 2001 Reflections CD, just two months after Vandross' self-titled release. Teddy Riley's protege rapper Queen Pen has been sampled on her song "All My Love" which based on Vandross' song of the same name that was produced by Riley on her 1997 debut release, My Melody. Other tribute artists include FiL Straughan, a singer based in London and New York, and Harry Cambridge.

New releases [link]

J Records released a song "Shine"—an upbeat R&B track that samples Chic's disco song "My Forbidden Lover"—reaching #31 on the R&B chart. The song was originally slated to be released on the soundtrack to the movie The Fighting Temptations, but it was shelved. This is evidenced by a reference to "fighting temptation" in two of the verses. A later remix of the song peaked at #10 on the Club Play chart. "Shine" and a track entitled "Got You Home" were previously unreleased songs on The Ultimate Luther Vandross, a greatest hits album on Epic Records/J Records/Legacy Recordings that was released August 22, 2006.

On October 16, 2007, Epic Records/J Records/Legacy Recordings released a 4 disc box set entitled Love, Luther. It features all of Vandross' R&B and pop hits throughout his career, as well as unreleased live tracks, alternate versions and outtakes from sessions that Vandross recorded. The set also includes "There's Only You", a version of which had originally appeared on the soundtrack to the 1987 film Made in Heaven.^[13]

Discography [link]

Main article: Luther Vandross discography

Tours [link]

Forever Tour (1982)
Give Me The Reason Tour (1987)
Best of Love Tour (1990)
The Power of Love Tour (1991)
Songs Tour (1994)
Your Secret Love Tour (1997)
The BK Got Soul Tour (2002)

Awards [link]

Year	Category	Title	Field	Result
Grammy Award history
1982	Best New Artist	—	General	Nominated
1982	Best R&B Vocal Performance - Male	Never Too Much	R&B	Nominated
1983	Best R&B Vocal Performance - Male	Forever, For Always, For Love	R&B	Nominated
1986	Best R&B Vocal Performance - Male	The Night I Fell in Love	R&B	Nominated
1987	Best R&B Vocal Performance - Male	"Give Me the Reason"	R&B	Nominated
1987	Best R&B Song	"Give Me the Reason" (shared with Nat Adderley, Jr.)	R&B	Nominated
1989	Best R&B Vocal Performance - Male	Any Love	R&B	Nominated
1989	Best R&B Song	"Any Love" (shared with Marcus Miller)	R&B	Nominated
1990	Best R&B Vocal Performance - Male	"She Won't Talk to Me"	R&B	Nominated
1991	Best R&B Vocal Performance - Male	"Here and Now"	R&B	Won
1992	Best R&B Vocal Performance - Male	Power of Love	R&B	Won
	Best R&B Song	"Power of Love/Love Power" (shared with Marcus Miller & Teddy Vann)	R&B	Won
	Best R&B Vocal Performance by a Duo or Group	"Doctor's Orders" (shared with Aretha Franklin)	R&B	Nominated
1993	Best R&B Vocal Performance by a Duo or Group	"The Best Things in Life Are Free" (shared with Janet Jackson)	R&B	Nominated
1994	Best R&B Vocal Performance - Male	"How Deep Is Your Love"	R&B	Nominated
1995	Best Pop Vocal Performance - Male	"Love the One You're With"	Pop	Nominated
	Best Pop Collaboration with Vocals	"Endless Love" (shared with Mariah Carey)	Pop	Nominated
	Best R&B Vocal Performance - Male	"Always and Forever"	R&B	Nominated
	Best R&B Album	Songs	R&B	Nominated
1997	Best R&B Vocal Performance - Male	"Your Secret Love"	R&B	Won
1997	Best R&B Song	"Your Secret Love" (shared with Reed Vertelney)	R&B	Nominated
1998	Best R&B Vocal Performance - Male	"When You Call On Me / Baby That's When I Come Runnin'"	R&B	Nominated
1999	Best R&B Vocal Performance - Male	"I Know"	R&B	Nominated
1999	Best Traditional R&B Vocal Performance	I Know	R&B	Nominated
2003	Best Traditional R&B Vocal Performance	"Any Day Now"	R&B	Nominated
2004	Song of the Year	"Dance with My Father" (shared with Richard Marx)	General	Won
	Best R&B Album	Dance with My Father	R&B	Won
	Best R&B Vocal Performance by a Duo or Group	"The Closer I Get to You" (shared with Beyoncé)	R&B	Won
	Best R&B Vocal Performance - Male	"Dance with My Father"	R&B	Won
	Best R&B Song	"Dance with My Father" (shared with Richard Marx)	R&B	Nominated
2007	Best R&B Vocal Performance - Male	"Got You Home"	R&B	Nominated

Notes [link]

^ "Luther Vandross". AskMen.com (UK Edition). http://uk.askmen.com/men/entertainment_100/132b_luther_vandross.html. Retrieved 2006-12-02.
^ "Vandross' Funeral Soulful and Powerful". Yahoo! News. July 8, 2005. http://music.yahoo.com/read/news/21620783. Retrieved 2006-12-02.
^ "Obituary: Luther Vandross". BBC News. July 1, 2005. http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/entertainment/music/2975731.stm. Retrieved 2006-12-02.
^ ^a ^b Seymour 2004, p. 16
^ Seymour 2004, p. 15
^ Stewart, Zan. "Born to swing: Nat Adderley Jr. returns to his roots", The Star-Ledger, September 10, 2009. Accessed September 10, 2009.
^ .Artist Chart History
^ Artist Chart History
^ {{cite web| url=http://www.songfacts.com/detail.php?id=1318%7C title=tyrtitiiyj
^ "100 Greatest Singers: Luther Vandross". http://www.rollingstone.com/music/lists/100-greatest-singers-of-all-time-19691231/luther-vandross-19691231.
^ Forever, For Always, For Luther, VerveMusicGroup.com
^ Forever, For Always, For Luther Volume II, smoothvibes.com
^ EUR Web article, "Luther Boxed Set Includes Rare/Unreleased Tracks, EURWeb.com

References [link]

Seymour, Craig (2004). Luther: The Life and Longing of Luther Vandross. New York, NY: HarperEntertainment. ISBN 0-06-059418-7. http://books.google.com/books?id=2sh1meimv0sC&dq=%22Luther+Vandross&source=gbs_navlinks_s. Retrieved 30 April 2011.
Vandross, Luther. The Best of Luther Vandross: The Best of Love, Hal Leonard Corporation, 1990 - ISBN 0-7935-0291-8

External links [link]

	Book: Luther Vandross
Wikipedia books are collections of articles that can be downloaded or ordered in print.

Official site
Remembering Luther Vandross
Luther Vandross at Allmusic
Luther Vandross at the Internet Movie Database
Luther Vandross at Find A Grave

v t e Luther Vandross

Studio albums	Never Too Much Forever, For Always, For Love Busy Body The Night I Fell in Love Give Me the Reason Any Love Power of Love Never Let Me Go Songs This Is Christmas Your Secret Love I Know Luther Vandross Dance with My Father

Compilation albums	The Best of Luther Vandross... The Best of Love One Night with You: The Best of Love, Volume 2 Love Is on the Way Always & Forever: The Classics Greatest Hits Smooth Love The Ultimate Luther Vandross Stop to Love The Very Best of Love The Essential Luther Vandross Artist Collection Love, Luther Lovesongs

Other albums	Live Radio City Music Hall 2003 Luther (the Luther Band) This Close to You (the Luther Band) The Glow of Love (Change)

Notable singles	"Never Too Much" "If This World Were Mine" (with Cheryl Lynn) "Since I Lost My Baby" "Superstar"/"Until You Come Back to Me (That's What I'm Gonna Do)" (medley) "Give Me the Reason" "Stop to Love" "There's Nothing Better Than Love" (with Gregory Hines) "Any Love" "Here and Now" "Power of Love/Love Power" (medley) "The Best Things in Life Are Free" (with Janet Jackson) "Endless Love" (with Mariah Carey) "Love the One You're With" / "Going in Circles" "Always and Forever" "Ain't No Stoppin' Us Now" "Dance with My Father" "Buy Me a Rose" "The Closer I Get to You" (with Beyoncé) "Shine"

Related articles	Luther Vandross discography Change (band) Forever, for Always, for Luther So Amazing: An All-Star Tribute to Luther Vandross Forever, For Always, For Luther Volume II

Book:Luther Vandross

v t e Grammy Award for Song of the Year (2000s)

2000 Itaal Shur & Rob Thomas - "Smooth" 2001 Adam Clayton, David Evans, Larry Mullen, Jr. & Paul Hewson - "Beautiful Day" 2002 Alicia Keys - "Fallin'" 2003 Jesse Harris - "Don't Know Why" 2004 Richard Marx & Luther Vandross - "Dance with My Father" 2005 John Mayer - "Daughters" 2006 Adam Clayton, David Evans, Larry Mullen, Jr. & Paul Hewson - "Sometimes You Can't Make It on Your Own" 2007 Emily Burns Irwin, Martha Maguire, Natalie Maines Pasdar & Dan Wilson - "Not Ready to Make Nice" 2008 Amy Winehouse - "Rehab" 2009 Guy Berryman, Jonathan Buckland, William Champion & Christopher Martin - "Viva la Vida"

Complete list (1960s) (1970s) (1980s) (1990s) (2000s) (2010s)

Persondata
Name	Vandross, Luther Ronzoni
Alternative names	Vandross, Luther
Short description	American singer, songwriter, and record producer
Date of birth	April 20, 1951
Place of birth	New York City, New York, United States
Date of death	July 1, 2005
Place of death	Edison, New Jersey, United States

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This article is about the singer and actress. For her album, see Christina Aguilera (album). For the Thai singer, see Christina Aguilar.

Christina Aguilera
Aguilera attending the launch of the Montblanc John Lennon edition in September 2010.
Background information
Birth name	Christina María Aguilera
Born	(1980-12-18) December 18, 1980 (age 31) Staten Island, New York, U.S.
Origin	Wexford, Pennsylvania, U.S.
Genres	Pop, R&B, soul, dance-pop^[1]
Occupations	Singer-songwriter,^[2]^[3]^[4] record producer, dancer, television personality,^[5] actress
Instruments	Vocals
Years active	1993–present
Labels	RCA
Website	christinaaguilera.com

Christina María Aguilera (born December 18, 1980) is an American recording artist and actress. Aguilera first appeared on national television in 1990 as a contestant on the Star Search program, and went on to star in Disney Channel's television series The Mickey Mouse Club from 1993 to 1994. Aguilera signed to RCA Records after recording "Reflection",^[6] the theme song for the animated film Mulan (1998).

In 1999, Aguilera came to prominence following her debut album Christina Aguilera, which was a commercial success spawning three number one singles on the Billboard Hot 100—"Genie in a Bottle", "What a Girl Wants", and "Come On Over Baby (All I Want Is You)."^[7] Her sophomore and her debut Latin-pop album, Mi Reflejo (2000), a Christmas third studio album, My Kind of Christmas (2000), and several collaborations followed which garnered Aguilera worldwide success, though she was displeased with her lack of input in her music and image.^[8] After parting from her management, Aguilera took creative control over her fourth studio album, Stripped (2002).^[9] The album's second single, "Beautiful", was a commercial success and helped the album's commercial performance amidst controversy over Aguilera's image.^[10]^[11]^[12] Aguilera followed up Stripped with the soul, jazz and blues inspired, Back to Basics (2006), released to positive critical acclaim.^[13] The album produced three singles "Ain't No Other Man", "Hurt" and "Candyman". Four years later Aguilera released her sixth studio album, Bionic (2010), which incorporated aspects of R&B, electropop, and synthpop and was met with mixed reviews and low sales.^[14]^[15]^[16]^[17] Aguilera's seventh studio album is set to be released in 2012.

Aside from being known for her vocal ability, music videos and image, musically, she includes themes of dealing with public scrutiny, her childhood, and female empowerment in her music.^[18] Apart from her work in music, she has also dedicated much of her time as a philanthropist for charities, human rights and world issues which include her work as a UN ambassador for the World Food Programme.^[19]^[20] She made her feature film debut in the musical Burlesque (2010), earning Aguilera a Golden Globe nomination for Best Original Song. Aguilera's work has earned her numerous awards and accolades, including a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame, four Grammy Awards and one Latin Grammy Award, amongst seventeen and three nominations respectively. Rolling Stone ranked her number fifty-eight on their list of the 100 Greatest Singers of All Time, ranking as the youngest and only artist on the list under the age of thirty.^[21] She was ranked the 20th Artist of the 2000–09 decade by Billboard^[22] and is the second top selling single artist of the 2000s behind Madonna.^[23] Aguilera's albums sales are estimated at over 50 million units worldwide, making her one of the best-selling music artists of all time.^[24]^[25] Aguilera is currently a coach and judge on The Voice.

1 Life and career
2 Artistry
3 Other ventures
4 Philanthropy
5 Discography
6 Filmography
7 Tours
8 See also
9 References
10 External links

Life and career [link]

1980–98: Early life and career beginnings [link]

Aguilera was born in Staten Island, New York, to Fausto Wagner Xavier Aguilera, a sergeant in the US Army at the time, and Shelly Loraine (née Fidler), a Spanish teacher. Aguilera's father was born in Guayaquil, Ecuador^[26] and her mother, who is American, is of German, Irish, Welsh, and Dutch ancestry.^[27] Her father was stationed at Earnest Harmon Air Force Base in Stephenville, Newfoundland and Labrador and Japan. Aguilera lived with both her father and mother, up until their divorce when she was seven years old. Aguilera then lived with her mother, and her younger sister Rachel, at her grandmother's home in Rochester, Pennsylvania, a town outside Pittsburgh. According to both Aguilera and her mother, her father was very controlling, as well as physically and emotionally abusive. In an interview with Rolling Stone Aguilera revealed, "there was so much domestic violence going on when I grew up with my dad travelling in the military. I think the reason that my drive was so strong and I was so passionate about music was because I grew up in an environment of domestic violence."^[28] She later sang about her difficult childhood in the songs "I'm OK" on Stripped, and "Oh Mother" on Back to Basics. Even though he has made several attempts to reconnect with her, Aguilera ruled out any chance of a reunion.^[29] Since then, her mother has married a paramedic named Jim Kearns, and has changed her name.^[30]

As a child, Aguilera aspired to be a singer. She was known locally as "the little girl with the big voice",^[29] singing in local talent shows and competitions. She attended Rochester Area School District, Marshall Middle School near Wexford and North Allegheny Intermediate High School. On March 15, 1990, she appeared on Star Search singing "A Sunday Kind of Love", but lost the competition at number 2. Soon after losing on Star Search, she returned home and appeared on Pittsburgh's KDKA-TV's Wake Up With Larry Richert to perform the same song. Throughout her youth in Pittsburgh, Aguilera sang "The Star-Spangled Banner" before Pittsburgh Penguins hockey, Pittsburgh Steelers football and Pittsburgh Pirates baseball games, including during the 1992 Stanley Cup Finals.^[31] Her talent was kept a secret to avoid bullying of other children. Following her television appearances Aguilera experienced resentment and bullying including an incident in which her peers slashed the tires on her family's car.^[32] Following several incidents Aguilera was later home schooled.^[29] Aguilera recalls, "doing what I did and maybe being a little smaller, I was definitely picked on and bullied for the attention that I got. It was definitely unwanted attention and there was a lot of unfairness about it."^[33]

In 1991, Aguilera auditioned for a role on The Mickey Mouse Club; however, she did not meet the age requirements. Two years later, she joined the cast, performing musical numbers and sketch comedy, until the show's cancellation in 1994.^[34] Her co-stars included Justin Timberlake, Britney Spears, Ryan Gosling and Keri Russell where they nicknamed her "the Diva"^[35] for her performance style and voice. At the age of fourteen, Aguilera recorded her first song, "All I Wanna Do", a hit duet with Japanese singer Keizo Nakanishi.^[36] In 1997, she represented the United States at the international Golden Stag Festival with a two-song set.^[37] Aguilera entered talent contests on "teen night" at the Pegasus Lounge, a gay and lesbian nightclub in Pittsburgh,^[38] and later at Lilith Fair.^[39] In 1998, Aguilera sent in a demo of her singing Whitney Houston's "Run to You" to Disney who were looking for a singer to record the song "Reflection" for their animated feature film Mulan (1998).^[40] The demo caught the attention of producer and label executive Ron Fair who would later mentor her throughout her career and led to Aguilera earning a contract with RCA Records the same week.^[9] "Reflection" peaked within the top twenty on the Adult Contemporary Singles Chart, and it was nominated for a Golden Globe Award for Best Original Song.

[edit] 1999–01: Christina Aguilera, Mi Reflejo and new management

Under the exclusive representation of Steve Kurtz, Aguilera's self-titled debut album Christina Aguilera was released on August 24, 1999. It reached the top of the Billboard 200 and Canadian album charts, shipping eight million copies in the US^[41] and over seventeen million copies worldwide.^[42] The album is also included in the Top 100 Albums of All Time list of The Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA) based on US sales.^[43] Released during the teen pop era of 1999 the album was well received by several critics, Stephen Thomas Erlewine of AllMusic writes that Aguilera's debut "remains firmly within the teen-oriented dance-pop genre, but done right." Concluding that the album is "lightweight in the best possible sense – breezy, fun, engaging, and enjoyable on each repeated listen. Out of the deluge of teen-pop albums in 1999, this feels like the best of the lot."^[44] Her debut single, "Genie in a Bottle" was an instant hit reaching No.1 on the Billboard Hot 100 and in several countries worldwide. Her follow-up singles "What a Girl Wants" and "Come On Over Baby (All I Want Is You)" topped the Hot 100 as well during 1999 and 2000 while "I Turn to You" reached number three. She is one of the few artists to have multiple No.1 singles from a debut album in Billboard's history.^[45] She made a cameo appearance on an episode of Beverly Hills, 90210, performed on MTV's New Year's Special as MTV's first artist of the millennium, and the Super Bowl XXXIV halftime show. Aguilera wanted to display the range and audacity in her voice during the promotion of the album, and performed acoustic sets and appeared on television shows accompanied only by a piano. At the 42nd Grammy Awards Aguilera received a Best Female Pop Vocal Performance Grammy nomination for "Genie in a Bottle" and despite earlier predictions, she won the Grammy Award for Best New Artist.^[46]

In 2000, Aguilera began recording her first Spanish-language album with producer Rudy Pérez in Miami.^[47]^[48] Later in 2000, Aguilera, first emphasized her Latin heritage by releasing her first Spanish album, Mi Reflejo on September 12, 2000. This album contained Spanish versions of songs from her English debut as well as new Spanish tracks. Though some criticized Aguilera for trying to cash in on the Latin music boom at the time. According to Pérez, Aguilera was only semi-fluent, while recording. She understood the language, because she has grown up with her father, who is a native of Ecuador. He added "Her Latin roots are undeniable".^[47] The album peaked at number twenty-seven on the Billboard 200 and went No.1 on the Billboard Latin charts for a record 20 weeks. In 2001, it won Aguilera a Latin Grammy Award for Best Female Pop Vocal Album. The album was later certified 6× Platinum (Latin field) in the US Aguilera won the World Music Award and Billboard award as the best selling Latin artist that year. Aguilera also released a Christmas album, My Kind of Christmas, on October 24, 2000 and performed "The Christmas Song" at the White House that year.^[41] The album's only single, "The Christmas Song" made Aguilera one of three artists to take the song into the top twenty on the Billboard Hot 100.^[49] The single and My Kind of Christmas were both certified Platinum in the US^[50]^[51] Aguilera was Billboard's top female artist for 2000.^[52]

Aguilera's first concert tour, Christina Aguilera: In Concert (also known as "Sears & Levis Tour ") began in the summer of 2000 in the US and ended early 2001 where she toured South America and Asia. A concert special aired on ABC titled My Reflection which was released to DVD and certified Gold in the US.^[53] Aguilera was rumored to have dated MTV VJ Carson Daly.^[54] Rumors of their relationship were fueled after the release of Eminem's song, "The Real Slim Shady" in which he also insinuated a romance between her and rocker Fred Durst. Aguilera responded saying the lyrics were "disgusting, offensive and, above all, not true."^[55] Their feud ended two years later backstage at the Video Music Awards after Aguilera presented the rapper an award onstage.^[56] She dated Puerto Rican dancer Jorge Santos. Santos appeared on her tour and music videos throughout 2000. They dated for nearly two years until the relationship ended on September 11, 2001.^[57] He remained her dancer well into 2002.^[58]

Ricky Martin asked Aguilera to duet with him on the track "Nobody Wants to Be Lonely" from his album Sound Loaded; released in 2001 as the album's second single. The single reached No.1 on the World Chart and top ten in several countries. In 2001, Aguilera, Lil' Kim, Mýa, and Pink were chosen to remake Labelle's 1975 single "Lady Marmalade" for the film Moulin Rouge! and its soundtrack. The song peaked at No.1 on the Billboard Hot 100 for five weeks and was the most successful airplay-only single in history.^[59] It also reached number one in eleven other countries and earned all four performers a Grammy Award for Best Pop Collaboration with Vocals. Aguilera's appearance in the music video was compared to that of Twisted Sister frontman Dee Snider.^[60] The video won two MTV Video Music Awards including Video of the Year in 2001, where Aguilera accepted the award saying, "I guess the big hair paid off."^[61]

That same year, the single "Just Be Free" emerged into record stores which was one of the demos Aguilera recorded when she was around fifteen years old. When RCA Records discovered the single, they advised fans not to purchase it.^[62] Months later, Warlock Records was set to release Just Be Free, an album which contains the demo tracks. Aguilera filed a breach of contract and unfair competition suit against Warlock and the album's producers to block the release.^[63] Instead, the two parties came to a settlement to release the album. Aguilera lent out her name, likeness and image for an unspecified amount of damages. Many of the details of the lawsuit remain confidential. When the album was released in August 2001, it had a photograph of Aguilera when she was fifteen years old.^[64]

Although Aguilera's debut album was commercially successful, she was dissatisfied with the music and image her management had created for her. Aguilera was marketed as a bubblegum pop singer because of the genre's upward financial trend.^[65] She mentioned plans of her next album to have much more depth, both musically and lyrically.^[66] Aguilera's views of Steve Kurtz's influence in matters of the singer's creative direction, the role of being her exclusive personal manager and overscheduling had in part caused her to seek legal means of terminating their management contract. In October 2000, Aguilera filed a breach of fiduciary duty lawsuit against her manager Kurtz for improper, undue and inappropriate influence over her professional activities, as well as fraud. According to legal documents, Kurtz did not protect her rights and interests. Instead, he took action that was for his own interest, at the cost of hers. She petitioned the California State Labor Commission to nullify the contract. Aguilera revealed while recording her then upcoming album, "I was being overworked. You find out that someone you thought was a friend is stealing money behind your back, and it's heartbreaking. I put faith in the people around me, and unfortunately, it bit me in the butt."^[67] After terminating Kurtz's services, Irving Azoff was hired as her new manager.

[edit] 2002–05: New image, Stripped and marriage

On October 26, 2002, Aguilera's fourth studio album, Stripped, was released. The album sold more than 330,000 copies in the first week and peaked at number two on the Billboard 200. Unlike her previous work, the album showcased Aguilera's raunchier side.^[68] The majority of Stripped was co-written by Aguilera (who had recently signed a global music publishing contract with BMG Music Publishing), and was influenced by many different subjects and music styles, including contemporary R&B, gospel, soul, balladry, pop rock, and hip hop.^[69] The majority of the album was produced by Scott Storch and singer-songwriter Linda Perry who produced her more personal records. Rockwilder and singer Alicia Keys also contributed a track each. Upon initial release, the album was very well received by critics, although Aguilera's vocals were overlooked as she began to cultivate a more sexually provocative image.^[70] After the release of the album, she took part in photoshoots for magazines, many of these photographs featured her nude or semi-nude. Her cover for Rolling Stone,^[71] featured the singer only wearing boots and a well-placed electric guitar. It was during this time Aguilera referred to herself as "Xtina", even getting a tattoo of her nickname on the back of her neck and several piercings.^[72]

Aguilera performing during during Stripped Live... on Tour in 2003

Initially, the raunchy image had a negative effect on Aguilera in the US, especially after the release of her controversial "Dirrty" music video.^[11] She denied that this change was a matter of publicity, claiming that the image better reflected her true personality than did the image she cultivated back in 1999. Aguilera defended the video stating it was about power and control adding, "I'm also at the forefront. I'm in the power position, in complete command of everything around me."^[41] While the video for "Dirrty" became very popular on MTV, it disappointed on the US singles chart. However, the single was a hit worldwide, reaching No.1 in the UK and Ireland. The second single, "Beautiful" received critical praise. The classically influenced ballad reached number one in several countries and peaked at No.2 in the US. "Beautiful" earned Aguilera the Grammy for Best Female Pop Vocal Performance. Three more singles ("Fighter", "Can't Hold Us Down" featuring Lil' Kim, "The Voice Within") were released in the following two years and were hits that helped the album stay on the charts for the next two years. Stripped stayed on the U.S. and UK album charts well into 2004, and went on to be certified four-times platinum in the US with over thirteen million copies sold worldwide.^[73] It appeared at number ten on Billboard's year-end album chart and Aguilera was the top female artist for 2003.^[74] Kelly Clarkson's second single "Miss Independent" was co-written by Aguilera, having been half-finished for Stripped.

Aguilera performing during Stripped Live... on Tour in 2003

Aguilera joined Justin Timberlake that June on the final leg of his international Justified tour, held in the US. This portion of the tour became a co-headliner called the Justified/Stripped Tour. In August, an overhead lighting grid collapsed from the ceiling of the Boardwalk Hall in Atlantic City, New Jersey, causing major damage to the sound and video equipment below. Because the collapse occurred hours before the show, only a few stagehands were injured, but a few shows were cancelled or postponed. In the fourth quarter of that year, Aguilera continued to tour internationally without Timberlake, and changed the name of the tour to the Stripped World Tour. She also dyed her hair black. It was one of the top-grossing tours of that year, and sold out most of its venues. Rolling Stone readers named it the best tour of the year.^[75] That same year she hosted the 2003 MTV Europe Music Awards and was a special guest performer with the Pussycat Dolls' dance troupe performing at the Roxy Theatre and Viper Room in Los Angeles. She also appeared on a Maxim spread alongside them, her second Maxim cover that year set record sales for the issue making it the top selling issue to date. By the end of the year she topped the annual Hot 100 list saying, "we had fun working with certain clothes, or the lack thereof."^[76]^[77]^[78]

Aguilera's first DVD live-recording from a concert tour, Stripped Live in the U.K., was released in November 2004. In light of the tour's success, another U.S. tour was scheduled to begin in mid-2004 with a new theme. The tour however was scrapped because of the vocal cord injuries Aguilera suffered shortly before the tour's opening date. In a tribute to Madonna's performance at the inaugural MTV Video Music Awards, Aguilera performed a kiss with the singer-actress at the 2003 edition of the ceremony in August. The incident occurred during the opening performance of Madonna's songs "Like a Virgin" and "Hollywood" with fellow popstar Britney Spears.^[41] Also in 2004, she hosted a Saturday Night Live episode which included a Sex & The City skit where she portrayed Samantha Jones revealing to everyone she was a man the entire time.^[79]

Aguilera later decided to embrace a more mature image; this move was met with more praise than criticism, with articles using punch lines such as "From Crass to Class."^[80] She eventually dyed her hair cherry blonde and recorded a jingle, "Hello", for a Mercedes-Benz ad. Shortly after, she dyed her hair flaxen blonde and cut it short, and took on a Marilyn Monroe look; she is one of the main proponents (along with Dita Von Teese, Gwen Stefani, and Ashley Judd) in bringing back the 1920s–1940s Hollywood glamour look.^[81]^[82] In late summer 2004, Aguilera released two singles. The first, "Car Wash", was a remake of the Rose Royce disco song recorded as a collaboration with rapper Missy Elliott for the soundtrack to the film Shark Tale. She voiced a small singing part in the film playing a Rastafarian jellyfish in the film's closing musical number. The second song was also a collaboration, but this time as a second single from one of Nelly's double-release albums, Sweat, titled "Tilt Ya Head Back". Both singles failed commercially in the US, but did considerably better in other parts of the world. Aguilera collaborated with jazz artist Herbie Hancock on a cover of Leon Russell's "A Song for You" recorded for Hancock's album Possibilities, released in August 2005. Aguilera and Hancock were later nominated for the Grammy Award for Best Pop Collaboration with Vocals. She helped open the 50th Anniversary for Disneyland performing "When You Wish upon a Star", and she also collaborated with Andrea Bocelli on the song "Somos Novios" for his album Amore. Aguilera began dating music marketing executive Jordan Bratman in 2002. Their engagement was announced in February 2005,^[83] and they married on November 19, 2005, in a Napa Valley estate.^[84]

[edit] 2006–09: Back to Basics, motherhood and greatest hits album

Aguilera performing during the Sanremo Story festival in 2006

Aguilera's fifth studio album, Back to Basics was released August 15, 2006. The album debuted at No.1 in the US, the UK and eleven other countries. Aguilera described the double CD as "a throwback to the 20s, 30s, and 40s-style jazz, blues, and feel-good soul music, but with a modern twist."^[85] The album received generally positive reviews, although many critics commented on the album's length saying, "At one disc, this would have been nothing short of masterful."^[86] A review in AllMusic adds, "Back to Basics also makes clear that Stripped was a necessary artistic move for Christina: she needed to get that out of her system in order to create her own style, one that is self-consciously stylized, stylish, and sexy."^[87] The critically acclaimed lead single "Ain't No Other Man" was a substantial success, reaching No. 2 on the World Chart, No.6 in the US, and No.2 in the UK. Producers on the album included DJ Premier, Kwamé, Linda Perry, and Mark Ronson. The follow-up singles did very well in different regions, "Hurt" in Europe and "Candyman" in the Pacific. She co-directed both music videos, the former with Floria Sigismondi who directed her "Fighter" video, and the latter, "Candyman", with director/photographer Matthew Rolston which was inspired by The Andrews Sisters.^[88] Back to Basics has sold 4.5 million units worldwide,^[89] with over 1.7 million sold in the US.^[90]

In late 2006, Aguilera collaborated with Sean "Diddy" Combs on a track, titled "Tell Me", from his album Press Play. She also began the Back to Basics Tour in Europe^[91] followed by a 41-date North American tour in early 2007.^[92] After this, she toured Asia and Australia, where it was supposed to end on August 3, however she canceled her dates in Melbourne and her final two in Auckland due to an illness.^[93] Her extravagant arena tour included cabaret, three-ring circus and juke joint sets and 10 piece costumes designed by Roberto Cavalli.^[94] She released her concert DVD Back to Basics: Live and Down Under the following year. The tour grossed nearly 50 million by the end of the year in North America and an additional 40 million worldwide in her Europe and Australia dates, grossing almost 90 million by the end of the tour.^[95]^[96] It was the most successful US tour by a female in 2007.^[97]

At the 49th Grammy Awards, Aguilera again won the Best Female Pop Vocal Performance for "Ain't No Other Man". She made a noteworthy performance at the ceremony paying tribute to James Brown with her rendition of his song "It's a Man's Man's Man's World".^[98] In January 2007, she was named the 19th richest woman in entertainment by Forbes, with a net worth of US$60 million.^[99] Aguilera performed "Steppin' Out With My Baby" with Tony Bennett on his NBC special Tony Bennett: An American Classic and on Saturday Night Live. They performed at the 59th Primetime Emmy Awards where both specials received Emmys. "Steppin' Out" was nominated for Best Pop Collaboration with Vocals at the 50th Annual Grammy Awards.

Aguilera confirmed she was pregnant on November 4, 2007,^[100] though Paris Hilton accidentally revealed her pregnancy several weeks prior during a party Aguilera hosted.^[101] She gave birth to her son, Max Liron Bratman, in Los Angeles on January 12, 2008 and held a bris for him with Bratman, who is of Jewish descent, where the baby was circumcised in accordance with Jewish practice.^[102] Aguilera was reportedly paid $1.5 million by People for her son's baby pictures—the sixth most expensive celebrity baby photos ever taken.^[103]

In 2008, Aguilera appeared in the Martin Scorsese documentary Shine a Light which chronicles a two day Rolling Stones concert in New York City's Beacon Theatre. The film features Aguilera performing "Live With Me" alongside Mick Jagger. Shine a Light premiered at the Berlin Film Festival and was released worldwide on April 4, 2008. She also had brief cameo in the comedy film Get Him to the Greek,^[104] and appeared as a guest judge on the sixth season of Project Runway on Lifetime Television. She and designer Bob Mackie were the inspiration for the challenge in which they had to design a stage outfit for Aguilera. To commemorate Aguilera's ten years in the music industry, RCA Records released, Keeps Gettin' Better: A Decade of Hits on November 11, 2008, exclusively at Target stores in the US. The greatest hits included her first three number one singles, and other songs released from her previous three albums. "Lady Marmalade" and several Spanish singles from Mi Reflejo were included in the worldwide releases. The album's only single, "Keeps Gettin' Better", was premiered at the 2008 MTV Video Music Awards, which debuted and peaked at No.7 on the Billboard Hot 100, her highest debut on the chart. Following the greatest hits, Aguilera took over a year hiatus in 2009 working on her then upcoming album and film. She was one of Billboard's Top 20 Artists of the Decade in their year-end charts.^[105]

[edit] 2010–11: Bionic, Burlesque and The Voice

Aguilera's sixth studio album Bionic was released on June 8, 2010. The album's producers included Tricky Stewart, Samuel Dixon, Polow da Don, Le Tigre, Switch, Ester Dean, songwriters Sam Endicott, Sia Furler, Claude Kelly, Linda Perry and collaborations with M.I.A., Santigold, Nicki Minaj, and Peaches. Bionic's material consisted of many mainstream and pop records along with electronic and dance music. Two of the album's three singles, "Not Myself Tonight" and "You Lost Me" peaked at No.1 on the Billboard Hot Dance Club Play Charts^[106] but were unsuccessful elsewhere. "Woohoo", featuring rapper Nicki Minaj, was also released as the album's second single. The album was released to mixed reviews from music critics,^[107]^[15] with Jon Pareles of The New York Times writing that the singer's new music direction "makes her sound as peer-pressured as a pop singer can be."^[108] Allison Stewart of The Washington Post described the album as being "noisy, robotic and overstuffed" adding that the disc's "greatest disappointments" is its "virtual abandonment" of Aguilera's voice.^[109] She concluded that Aguilera attempts "to do it all," which was to try to "revel in her newfound domesticity, to wrest her crown from Gaga and to reestablish her sex kitten bona fides."^[109] Sales of Bionic were underwhelming in the US compared to her previous releases selling 110,000 copies in its first week landing at No.3.^[110]^[111] It has since sold 295,000 copies in the US.^[112] Shortly after the album's release, further promotion ended and a scheduled summer tour for the album was cancelled due to "inadequate rehearsal time".^[113] "You Lost Me" was her first single to not chart the Hot 100 while Bionic was her first English studio album not to receive a Grammy nomination. Aguilera later responded in an interview saying, "I was really proud of that record. I think there was a lot of promotion issues, coming from a standpoint of how everything resulted. Nothing is ever a setback. If anything, it just motivates you for what’s next."^[114]

Aguilera announced that she and Bratman had separated, saying in a statement, "Although Jordan and I are separated, our commitment to our son Max remains as strong as ever."^[115]^[116] Aguilera filed for divorce from Bratman on October 14, 2010, seeking joint legal and physical custody of their son, and specifying September 11, 2010, as the date of separation.^[117]^[118] They later reached a settlement agreement and custody deal, details of their agreement were private.^[119] Their divorce was finalized on April 15, 2011.^[120] The following month, Aguilera appeared as herself on the Entourage season seven finale as a client/friend of Ari Gold.^[121] On November 15, 2010, Aguilera received a Star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame.^[122]

Aguilera's star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame, which she received in 2010

In November 2010, Aguilera appeared in her first feature film, the musical Burlesque. She portrayed a small town girl, Ali Rose, who finds love and success in a Los Angeles neo-burlesque club.^[123] Aguilera performed eight of the musical numbers on the film's soundtrack released on November 22, 2010, and co-wrote a number of the tracks working with producers and writers including Tricky Stewart, Sia Furler, Samuel Dixon, Linda Perry, Claude Kelly, Danja, and Ron Fair. The remaining two tracks were sung by Cher, who co-starred alongside Aguilera. The soundtrack debuted in the top 20 in the US and was certified Gold.^[124]^[125] The film was written and directed by Steve Antin who wrote the part of Ali specifically with Aguilera in mind.^[126] Aguilera's co-stars also included Cam Gigandet, Eric Dane, Kristen Bell and Stanley Tucci. Several critics praised Aguilera's performance. A review in TIME states, "Aguilera might not be to your taste, or mine, but in terms of sheer power, she's impressive. If Ali were real, she'd have already been discovered on American Idol."^[127] While Variety wrote, "Aguilera, while undeniably entertaining when her character is onstage, cannot spin the slight backstory into anything resembling a full-blooded person."^[128] Though Burlesque was released to mixed reviews from critics,^[129]^[130] the film received a Golden Globe nomination for Best Picture – Musical or Comedy and earned Aguilera, writer/producer Sia Furler and Samuel Dixon, a nomination for Best Original Song for the track "Bound to You". The soundtrack also earned Aguilera a Grammy nomination for Best Compilation Soundtrack. Burlesque has grossed over $90 million worldwide.^[131]

Following the release of Burlesque, Aguilera collaborated with rapper T.I. on the track, "Castle Walls" from his album No Mercy. Aguilera performed the U.S. national anthem, "The Star-Spangled Banner", during the Super Bowl XLV on February 6, 2011, and created embarrassment when she omitted a line of the anthem and messed up the song's lyrics.^[132] She later apologized, telling CNN that "I got so caught up in the moment of the song that I lost my place. I can only hope that everyone could feel my love for this country and that the true spirit of its anthem still came through."^[133] The following week, Aguilera, alongside Jennifer Hudson, Martina McBride, Yolanda Adams, and Florence Welch opened the 53rd Grammy Awards paying tribute to Aretha Franklin.

Aguilera began dating musician and production assistant, Matt Rutler whom she met during the filming of Burlesque. Her personal life was the subject of scrutiny;^[19] and reports over out of control behavior, excessive drinking,^[134]^[135] and a reported confrontation with her co-star Julianne Hough.^[136]^[137] On March 1, 2011, Aguilera was arrested for public intoxication in West Hollywood as her boyfriend was arrested for DWI.^[138] She was later released on bail and no charges were filed.^[139]^[140] Although the L.A. Sheriff's office stated Aguilera's mug shot would not be released to the public, E! News obtained the mug shot which circulated social networks and the media shortly after her release.^[141] Rutler's DWI charge was dismissed due to insufficient evidence, after his BAC was determined as below the legal limit.^[142]

Aguilera signed to be a judge on The Voice, which debuted on NBC in April 2011. Aguilera, alongside other musicians Adam Levine, Blake Shelton and Cee Lo Green serve as judges and coaches, with Carson Daly as the show's host. The show's first episode was well-received, and delivered the strongest ratings for a series premiere on a major network since Undercover Boss debuted after the Super Bowl in February 2010.^[143]^[144] The show's first season was a ratings success for NBC following its debut.^[145]^[146] Aguilera performed "Moves Like Jagger" on The Voice – the single with Maroon 5 on which she is featured, from their album Hands All Over. The song was an instant hit reaching No.2 in the UK, No.1 on the World Chart and earned Aguilera her fifth No.1 single on the Billboard Hot 100, a decade after her last No.1, "Lady Marmalade".^[147] The single became the first 4 million-seller for both artists and marks the first time two former Best New Artist Grammy Award winners have collaborated on a Hot 100 hit.^[49] "Moves Like Jagger" was nominated for Best Pop Duo/Group Performance at the Grammy Awards and has since sold over 7 million copies worldwide, establishing itself among the best-selling singles of all time.^[148].

2012–present: Seventh studio album and current projects [link]

The second season of The Voice premiered following Super Bowl XLVI. Aguilera performed a cover of "At Last" by Etta James at James' funeral on January 28, 2012.^[149]^[150] Aguilera recorded her first Spanish-language track in over a decade titled "Casa de Mi Padre" which was released as the title song for the soundtrack and film of the same name.^[151] In regards to her upcoming album, Aguilera stated that she is recording a new studio album in an interview with Live with Regis and Kelly.^[152] No official date has been announced but the album is expected to be released in 2012.^[153]

Artistry [link]

Vocal ability [link]

Aguilera performing during her Back to Basics Tour in 2006

Aguilera possesses a soprano^[154]^[155] vocal range and has been referred to as the "voice of her generation" and a blue eyed soul singer.^[156]^[157] Aguilera also topped COVE's list of the 100 Best Pop Vocalists with a score of 50/50^[158]^[159] and came fifth in MTV's 22 Greatest Voices in Music.^[160] Her rendition of "It's A Man's Man's Man's World" at the 49th Grammy Awards ranked third in the Grammy's Greatest Moments List behind Celine Dion's performance of "My Heart Will Go On" and Green Day's performance of "American Idiot". In an interview, Dion described Aguilera as "probably the best vocalist in the world."^[161] Rolling Stone ranked Aguilera at 58 on their list of the 100 Greatest Singers of All Time, the youngest singer on the list.^[21]

Describing Aguilera's voice, singing teachers Phyllis Fulford and Michael Mailler said, "The low register is light and tired, the belting register is ample and full, but very scratchy because she screams; and head voice as well as whistle register are light, pure and bright. Her vocal range extends from G below middle C to C♯ one octave above soprano high C (G₃ – C♯₇). She can belt to F one octave and a third above middle C (F₅). She possesses a good-sized technical arsenal. Her trill is solid, she has a big mastery of melismas, and can sustain very long notes."^[162] Los Angeles Times writer Margaret Wappler adds Aguilera can deliver "a well-executed legato."^[163]

Since her debut in 1999, Aguilera has been compared to the likes of Mariah Carey and Whitney Houston.^[164] David Browne of The New York Times writes, "Aguilera has been one of the foremost practitioners of the overpowering, Category 5 vocal style known as melisma. Ms. Carey, Ms. Houston and Ms. Aguilera, to name its three main champions, are most associated with the period from the late ’80s through the late ’90s."^[165] A review in the Los Angeles Times compared Aguilera's vocal stylings to Barbra Streisand, Gladys Knight, and Aretha Franklin adding, "Aguilera's Streisand-esque tendencies are a good thing; they're helping her figure out how to become the "great singer" she's been dubbed since she released her first single, the wise-beyond-its-years "Genie in a Bottle", at 18."^[166] Although praised for her vocals, Aguilera has been labeled for oversinging in her songs and concerts.^[167] Longtime producer and writer, Linda Perry, commented on working on the track "Beautiful", saying, "I tried to keep it straight. I told her to get rid of the finger waves. Every time she'd start going into "hoo-ha", I'd stop the tape. I'm like, 'You're doing it again.'" Perry ended up using the first take saying, "She had a hard time accepting that as the final track. It's not a perfect vocal – it's very raw. She knows her voice really well, and she knows what's going on. She can hear things that nobody else would catch."^[168]

Themes and musical style [link]

Aguilera performing during her Back to Basics Tour in 2006

The constant theme in Aguilera's music and lyrics is love, although she has written on other subjects including spirituality, female empowerment, and grief. Aguilera has also written about her childhood in two of her records which dealt with domestic abuse. In an interview Aguilera admitted she feels responsible to reveal her most vulnerable feelings and to share the darker sides of her life adding "People that can relate might not feel as alone in the circumstance."^[169] She has been noted to constantly changing her sound in her music and lyrical content. Originally marketed as a bubblegum pop singer during the late 90s pop scene, she quickly departed into a broad range of musical genres for her follow-up album Stripped. A review states, "Clearly afflicted with Premature Serious Artist Syndrome, Aguilera wants to demonstrate the range of her interests – vampy soul, quasi-metal, piano-bar intimacy, quiet-storm R&B, bounce-bounce hip-hop, and semi-exotic rock, all of it dutifully accomplished."^[69]

The majority of the songs are characterized by Aguilera's loud vocals, though she has used breathy and soft vocals.^[170] Her 2006 release, Back to Basics included producer DJ Premier. The New York Times exclaims, "Her decision to work with the low-key DJ Premier was also a decision to snub some of the big-name producers on whom pop stars often rely."^[171] Aguilera has often cited that she prefers working with producers that are not in popular demand, saying "I don't necessarily go to the main people that are the No.1 chart-toppers in music."^[172] The album included live instrumentation and samples of past jazz and soul records. Some tracks on the album included non-traditional forms of pop music such as swing jazz and big band, drawing comparisons to Madonna's I'm Breathless and the musical film Cabaret.^[173] Her first feature film, Burlesque, influenced by Cabaret, featured mainstream producers Tricky Stewart and Danja on the soundtrack where several established songs were updated and worked into dance numbers, a style similar to 2001's Moulin Rouge! "Diamonds Are a Girl's Best Friend" was performed by Aguilera in the film, a musical number also performed by Nicole Kidman in Moulin Rouge!

Influences [link]

One of Aguilera's major influences and idol is blues singer Etta James, whose classic song "At Last" has been covered by Aguilera throughout her career. Aguilera says, "Etta is my all-time favorite singer. I've said it for the last seven years – since I had my first debut record out – in every interview. I mean, all of Etta's old songs, countless songs I could name, I grew up listening to."^[174] Following James' death in 2012, Aguilera was asked to perform "At Last" at her funeral.^[149] Prior to performing Aguilera stated, "There's a line in this song that says 'I found a dream that I could speak to.' And for me that dream, all my life, has been Etta James."^[175] The majority of her album, Back to Basics, pays tribute to James and other pop standard singers who many originated from the 1950s. In her early years she listened to vintage jazz, blues, and soul music.^[176] The album included an unreleased song, "Slow Down Baby", which sampled a Gladys Knight & the Pips song. A review in The Guardian declared, "Practically everything recorded before Aguilera was born blurs into one amorphous genre, which she categorises, somewhat inadequately, as "fun music".^[177] Aguilera has also named Madonna and Janet Jackson as two of her biggest influences "for being re-inventive and being brave as strong females, to explore whatever, even if they do get bad press. It's just like they were fearless."^[178] Her other musical influences include Aretha Franklin,^[179] Whitney Houston,^[180] and Nina Simone.^[181]

Aguilera cites the musical The Sound of Music and its lead actress, Julie Andrews as an early inspiration for singing and performing.^[182] She mentioned the "Golden age of Hollywood" as another inspiration in which she says, "I'm referencing Marlene Dietrich, Marilyn Monroe, Carole Lombard, Greta Garbo, Veronica Lake".^[183] Ironically, her star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame is located near Julie Andrews and is next to Greta Garbo.^[184] In her music video for "Ain't No Other Man" she plays her alter ego, "Baby Jane" in reference to the film Whatever Happened to Baby Jane?.^[185] The film's stars included actresses Bette Davis and Joan Crawford. The third single off Back to Basics, "Candyman" was inspired by the 1941 song, "Boogie Woogie Bugle Boy" by The Andrews Sisters which was played during World War II. She was also inspired by pin-up girls and several paintings by Alberto Vargas. Aguilera has expressed interest in cultural icons Nico, Blondie and artists Roy Lichtenstein and Andy Warhol.^[186] She has often worked with photographer and close friend, David LaChapelle who once worked with Warhol. Chapelle has shot many of Aguilera's music videos, magazine shoots and advertisements. She is also a fan of graffiti artist Banksy. In 2006, she purchased three of Banksy's works during a private art exhibition; one of them included a pornographic picture of Queen Victoria in a lesbian pose with a prostitute.^[187] She has mentioned in several interviews that she is a fan of actress Angelina Jolie,^[188] and her Burlesque co-star, Cher.^[114] Fashion has also been a part of Aguilera's music career and image which she has used as a form of expression during performances and music videos. In 2003, she became the muse and inspiration for Donatella Versace's 2003 fall line. Versace also designed pieces her tour the following year. Aguilera is also a fan of Roberto Cavalli, John Galliano, Marc Jacobs, and Alexander McQueen whose designs she has worn throughout her career.^[189]^[190]

Other ventures [link]

In 2000, Aguilera was the face for make-up line Fetish where she worked in choosing colors and packaging for the line. She ended her contract the following year.^[191] Throughout her career Aguilera has endorsed several brands, including Skechers, Mercedes-Benz, Verizon Wireless, and soft drink giants Coca-Cola in 2001, and Pepsi in 2006.^[192] She became the muse and model for fashion house Versace appearing in a campaign for the 2003 fall line.^[193] In 2004, Aguilera earned £200,000GBP (about $300,000USD)^[194] for opening the summer sale at London's Harrods store which took in record breaking profits during the four week period.^[195] In 2005, she was reportedly paid $3.6 million^[196] to sing a three song set for Russian billionaire Andrey Melnichenko's wedding. Aguilera signed a contract with European cell phone operator Orange to promote the new Sony Ericsson Walkman phone during the 2006 World Cup. In 2010, Aguilera was paid $1 million by investor Charles Brandes to perform at a private party.^[197]

In 2008, jewelry designer Stephen Webster and close friend of Aguilera released "Shattered", a collection of sterling silver pieces, through Neiman Marcus and Bergdorf Goodman. Aguilera, who inspired the collection, was featured as a Hitchcock heroine saying, "Working together on this campaign and collection has been an incredible experience. I am honored to be a part of it all."^[198]^[199] They reprised their work together for Webster's 2009 spring line.^[200] In 2011, Aguilera attended São Paulo Fashion Week to premiere her new line of clothing for Brazilian department store C&A which launched in April.^[201]

Aguilera released two fragrances throughout Europe, the first one Xpose, was released in late 2004 and sold relatively well.^[202]^[203] Through Procter and Gamble Aguilera released her signature fragrance, Simply Christina in 2007.^[204] In Christmas 2007, the fragrance became the number one perfume in the UK,^[205] and later in 2009 it became the 4th best selling perfume in the UK,^[206] and Germany where it topped sales for the year.^[207] The perfume won as the people's choice for favorite celebrity fragrance at the annual UK Fifi Awards 2008.^[208] She released her third fragrance, Inspire, accompanied with a body care collection, on September 1, 2008.^[209]^[210] The perfume hit shelves in the US, Canada, Latin America, Asia and Northern and Eastern Europe. It was Aguilera's first fragrance released outside of Europe.^[211] Her worldwide ad campaign included a television ad shot by David LaChapelle and was released in the US through Macy's department stores. The release coincided with Macy's 150th anniversary which featured Aguilera in commemorative photos.^[212] She released her fourth fragrance By Night in October,^[213] which became the third best selling fragrance in the UK in 2009.^[206] Both “By Day“ and “By Night“ were nominated for Best Perfume of the Year at the FIFI Awards 2011.^[214] The range was further augmented by Royal Desire in 2010,^[215] and Secret Potion the following year.^[216]

Philanthropy [link]

Throughout her career, Aguilera has been involved with several charities. She signed a letter from PETA to the South Korean government asking that the country stop its alleged killing of dogs for food.^[217] During her 2007 tour she unknowingly wore a fur stole during the beginning of her tour, which designer Roberto Cavalli provided without informing Aguilera. After receiving a video from PETA Vice President Dan Mathews on the treatment of foxes, she replaced the stole with faux fur for the remainder of her tour. Aguilera was reportedly upset adding, "I only ever wear fake fur".^[218] In 2010 Aguilera auctioned off tickets for her upcoming tour for Christie's A Bid to Save the Earth. Proceeds benefit nonprofit environmental groups Conservation International, Oceana, Natural Resources Defense Council, and The Central Park Conservancy.^[219] Aguilera also supports Defenders of Wildlife, Missing Kids, National Alliance of Breast Cancer Organizations,^[220] Women's Cancer Research Fund,^[221] and Cedars-Sinai Women's Cancer Research Institute.^[222] She has also worked alongside nonprofit organization Do Something saying, "Every individual has the power to inspire young people across the country."^[223]

In 2010, Aguilera was nominated for a VH1 Do Something Award for her work with the organization and her efforts in the response to the 2010 Haiti earthquake. She was featured in the campaign for photographer, Brie Childers with the goal of helping women of all ages, races and lifestyles feel beautiful and confident about themselves and the body and skin they were born with. Proceeds from benefit several women's charities nationwide.^[224] Aguilera is still a major contributor in her hometown of Pittsburgh contributing regularly to the Women's Center & Shelter of Greater Pittsburgh. According to her official website, she toured the center and donated $200,000 to the shelter. She also has auctioned off front row seats and back stage passes for the Pittsburgh-based charity.^[225] She has continued her donations and visits to the shelter, and plans to open an additional one.^[226] She also supports the National Coalition Against Domestic Violence and Refuge UK.^[220] Since then she has worked with Lifetime Television's 'End violence against women' campaign. Her work there included a public service announcement which aired on the network and during her 2007 tour.^[227]

Aguilera is a supporter of the LGBT community and is considered a gay icon by many^[who?]. She was honored at the GLAAD Awards for using gay and transgender images in her music video for "Beautiful". When accepting the award Aguilera said, "My video captures the reality that gay and transgender people are beautiful, even though prejudice and discrimination against them still exists."^[228] In 2005, she appeared on a compilation album titled, Love Rocks, proceeds benefit the Human Rights Campaign, an organization dedicated to fighting for equal rights for gay, lesbian, bisexual and transgendered people. In 2008, she publicly spoke out against California's Proposition 8 which eliminates same-sex marriage in California saying, "Why you would put so much money behind something [aimed at] stopping people from loving each other and bonding together? I just don't understand it. It's hard for me to grasp. But I would've been out there with my rally sign as well."^[229] In 2011 Aguilera was honored at The Abbey, a gay club in West Hollywood, for her contributions to the gay community as the first honoree on their Gay Walk of Fame joining Dame Elizabeth Taylor in being immortalized forever.^[230]

Aguilera contributes in the fight against AIDS, by participating in AIDS Project Los Angeles' Artists Against AIDS "What's Going On?" cover project. In 2004, Aguilera became the new face for cosmetic company M·A·C and spokesperson for M·A·C AIDS Fund. Aguilera appeared in advertisements of the M·A·C's Viva Glam V lipstick and lipgloss, and was featured on Vanity Fair in recognition of her campaign work. In addition, Aguilera contributed to YouthAIDS by posing for a joint YouthAIDS and Aldo Shoes campaign for "Empowerment Tags" in Canada, the U.S. and the UK. She was featured with one of three ubiquitous slogans, "Speak No Evil?" and stated, "HIV is something that people don’t want to talk about, hear about, or face."^[231]^[232] Singer Elton John featured Aguilera in his charity book titled "Four Inches" benefiting the Elton John AIDS Foundation.^[233] Elton also hand-picked Aguilera, for his annual "Fashion Rocks" charity concert which accompanies music and fashion to benefit the fight against AIDS/HIV.^[234]

Aguilera on a promotional poster for World Hunger Relief

In the run-up to the 2004 United States presidential election, Aguilera was featured on billboards for the "Only You Can Silence Yourself" online voter registration drive run by the nonpartisan, non-profit campaign "Declare Yourself". In these political advertisements, shot by David LaChapelle, Aguilera was shown with her mouth sewn shut, to symbolize the effects of not voting. She appeared on The Oprah Winfrey Show to discuss the importance of voting. In late 2007 Aguilera became the spokesperson for "Rock the Vote" where she urged young people to vote in the 2008 presidential election.^[235] In partnership with "Rock the Vote", she appeared in a public service announcement which aired in summer 2008. The advert showed Aguilera with her son, Max Bratman, wrapped in an American flag, while singing "America the Beautiful".

In November 2005, all of her wedding gifts were submitted to various charities around the nation in support of Hurricane Katrina victims.^[236] That year she also performed at "Unite of the Stars" concert in aid of Unite Against Hunger in Johannesburg, South Africa and at the Nelson Mandela Children's Fund at the Coca-Cola Dome.^[237] In March 2007 Aguilera took part in a charity album (remaking Lennon's "Mother"), proceeds benefit Amnesty International's efforts to end genocide in Darfur. The album titled, Instant Karma: The Amnesty International Campaign to Save Darfur, was released June 12, 2007, and featured various artists.^[238] In 2008, she headlined London's Africa Rising charity concert at Royal Albert Hall which raises awareness for finding substantial issues facing the continent.^[239] Later that year she appeared on the Turkish version of Deal or No Deal "Var mısın? Yok musun?", where proceeds were donated to a charity program for orphans.^[240]

In 2009, Aguilera became the global spokesperson for World Hunger Relief appearing in advertisements, online campaigns and a public service announcement.^[241] Aguilera and her then-husband traveled to Guatemala with the World Food Programme to bring awareness to issues such as the high malnutrition rate in that country. She met with families of the villages and some of the beneficiaries of WFP's nutrition programs. Aguilera adds, "The people of WFP do such a great job helping hungry children and mothers. I'm thankful for the opportunity to be part of such a wonderful project."^[242] Since becoming a global spokeswoman Aguilera has helped raise over $22 million which helped provide over 90 million meals.^[243] She was honored at Variety's annual "Power of Women" luncheon in late 2009 alongside other women in entertainment for her contribution to philanthropic and charitable causes.^[244] In response to the 2010 Haiti earthquake, Aguilera donated a signed Chrysler 300 which was auctioned for relief efforts.^[245] She was one of the many artists who appeared on the Hope for Haiti telethon on January 22, 2010, donations directly benefited Oxfam America, Partners In Health, Red Cross and UNICEF. She later appeared on a second public service announcement alongside sports icon Muhammad Ali to raise funds for the World Food Programme's efforts to bring food to survivors of the earthquake.^[246] Later that year Aguilera made her first visit to Haiti as an ambassador against hunger where she visited two schools in the town of Léogâne. During her time there she assisted in the ongoing efforts to help the badly damaged town where she served meals and highlighted reconstruction efforts in the country.^[247] That year, Aguilera was appointed UN ambassador for the WFP.^[19]

Discography [link]

Main article: Christina Aguilera discography

Christina Aguilera (1999)
Mi Reflejo (2000)
My Kind of Christmas (2000)
Stripped (2002)
Back to Basics (2006)
Bionic (2010)
Untitled 10th Album (2012)

Filmography [link]

List of television and films credits
Year	Title	Role	Notes
1993—1995	The Mickey Mouse Club	Herself/Various Roles	Season 6–7
1999	Beverly Hills, 90210	Herself	"Let's Eat Cake" (Season 10, Episode 2)
2000	Al salir de clase	Herself	"El día que no existe" (Season 5, Episode 42) "Augurios" (Season 8, Episode 72)
2000—2006	Saturday Night Live	Herself/Various Roles/Host/Musical Guest	"Christopher Walken/Christina Aguilera" (Season 25, Episode 16) "Salma Hayek/Christina Aguilera" (Season 28, Episode 15) "Christina Aguilera/Maroon 5" (Season 29, Episode 13) "Alec Baldwin/Christina Aguilera" (Season 32, Episode 5)
2003	Player$	Herself	"Hulk" (Season 2, Episode 10)
2003	Punk'd	Herself	"Ryan Pinkston – VH1 Big in 2002 Awards" (Season 1, Episode 1)
2004	Shark Tale	Herself/Christina (voice)	Uncredited
2008	Shine a Light	Herself	Documentary
2009	Project Runway	Herself / Guest Judge	"Sequins, Feathers and Fur, Oh My!" (Season 6, Episode 9)
2010	Entourage	Herself	"A Prayer for Dick Butkus" (Season 1, Episode 9)
2010	Entourage	Herself	"Lose Yourself" (Season 7, Episode 10)
2010	Get Him to the Greek	Herself	Cameo appearance
2010	Burlesque	Alice Marilyn "Ali" Rose	Nominated - Golden Globe Award for Best Original Song
2011—present	The Voice	Herself (Coach and judge)	Season 1—present

Tours [link]

Headlining

Co-headlining

Justified/Stripped Tour (2003) (with Justin Timberlake)

References [link]

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^ "Bionic by Christina Aguilera Songfacts". http://www.songfacts.com/detail.php?id=19834. Retrieved June 29, 2011.
^ "Christina Aguilera". http://www.wfp.org/content/christina-aguilera-ambassador. Retrieved June 29, 2011.
^ "Christina Aguilera to Sing the National Anthem at Super Bowl". http://www.theblogismine.com/2011/01/25/christina-aguilera-to-sing-the-national-anthem-at-super-bowl/. Retrieved June 29, 2011.
^ "The Voice Judges: Christina Aguilera, Cee Lo Green, Blake Shelton and Adam Levine". http://www.starsofreality.com/Voice-Judges-Christina-Aguilera-Cee-Lo-Green-Blake-Shelton-Adam-Levine-16052675. Retrieved June 29, 2011.
^ Biography Christina Aguilera Biography RCA Records artist page. Retrieved on August 22, 2008.
^ Stripped for all the world to hear. SMH. Retrieved on May 25, 2007.
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^ Oguinnaike, Lola July 30, 2006 Christina Aguilera, That Dirrty Girl, Cleans Up Real Nice New York Times Retrieved on July 18, 2008.
^ ^a ^b Moss, Corey MTV News Online (November 2, 2008) Christina Aguilera Follows Controversial 'Dirrty' With Inspirational 'Beautiful' MTV News Retrieved on July 5, 2008.
^ Scaggs, Austin August 10, 2006 Dirty Girl Cleans Up RollingStone online Retrieved on February 16, 2010.
^ "Christina Aguilera – Back To Basics – Music Charts". Acharts.us. http://acharts.us/album/14535. Retrieved September 18, 2010.
^ "Turn It Up: Album review: Christina Aguilera, 'Bionic'". Leisureblogs.chicagotribune.com. June 7, 2010. http://leisureblogs.chicagotribune.com/turn_it_up/2010/06/album-review-christina-aguilera-bionic.html. Retrieved September 18, 2010.
^ ^a ^b "Christina Aguilera – 'Bionic' (RCA) – Album Reviews". NME. UK. http://www.nme.com/reviews/christina-aguilera/11355. Retrieved September 18, 2010.
^ Montgomery, James June 16, 2010 MTV News What Should Her Next Move Be? After soft first-week sales for Bionic, experts weigh in Retrieved on June 16, 2006.
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^ Glamour Online; Sandell, Laurie (November 2007). Christina: intimate talk about a past that still hurts Retrieved on December 14, 2007.
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^ Levine, Stuart (April 9, 2011). "Can 'The Voice' be heard?". Variety. http://www.variety.com/article/VR1118035166.
^ Cole, Patrick (August 10, 2011). "Christina Aguilera Records Lullaby for YUM Brands Hunger Drive". Bloomberg. http://www.bloomberg.com/news/2011-08-10/christina-aguilera-records-lullaby-for-yum-brands-hunger-relief-campaign.html.
^ Elaine Rivera (September 15, 2001). "What A Woman Wants". Time. http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,1000774,00.html. Retrieved December 3, 2007.
^ Dominguez, Pier (December 2002). Christina Aguilera: A Star is Made: The Unauthorized Biography. Amber Communications Group, Inc.. pp. 1–2. ISBN 978-0-9702224-5-9.
^ Dotmusic (June 20, 2000).Christina Aguilera relives her violent past. Yahoo! Music. Retrieved on May 25, 2007.
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^ Helligar, Jeremy; Majewski, Lori (February 3, 2003). "Christina's World". Us Weekly.
^ Grupp, John (May 6, 2009). "Anthem singer fires up Mellon crowd". Pittsburgh Tribune-Review. http://www.pittsburghlive.com/x/pittsburghtrib/sports/penguins/s_623827.html. Retrieved February 5, 2010.
^ USMagazine.com Stars who were bullied Retrieved on December 9, 2010.
^ Goldeberg, Lesley AfterEllen.com November 17, 2010 "Beautiful," Bullied and "Burlesque" – our interview with Christina Aguilera Retrieved on December 9, 2010.
^ Goldstein, Rob (May 15, 2008) Dreaming Of Genie Yahoo! Music Christina Aguilera – interviews Retrieved on (March 2, 2008).
^ People online Christina Aguilera Biography Retrieved on December 8, 2010.
^ Christina Aguilera Biography. AllMusic. Retrieved on May 25, 2007.
^ Dinca, Alma Boghitoiu. "An Interview with Christina Aguilera". Brasov travel guide. http://www.brasovtravelguide.ro/en/brasov/events/golden-stag-festival/1997.php. Retrieved May 25, 2007.
^ "Pegasus Lounge to close for good". Tribune-Review. October 30, 2009. http://www.pittsburghlive.com/x/pittsburghtrib/news/breaking/s_650758.html. Retrieved January 17, 2009.
^ Mervis, Scott (December 27, 2009). "Pop Music: Radiohead tops a fractious music scene". Pittsburgh Post-Gazette. http://www.post-gazette.com/pg/09361/1023477-388.stm. Retrieved January 17, 2009.
^ Willman, Chris Entertainment Weekly October 11, 2010 Club Kid Retrieved on December 20, 2010.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d Julia Wang (2003). "Christina Aguilera timeline". People Magazine. http://www.people.com/people/christina_aguilera/biography/0,,20004434_10,00.html. Retrieved February 16, 2011.
^ The Coca-Cola Dome(August 29, 2005). Press Release: Christina Aguilera live in concert. The Coca-Cola Dome. Retrieved on November 12, 2007.
^ "Gold and Platinum: Top 100 Albums." Recording Industry Association of America. Retrieved on October 9, 2007.
^ Erlewine, Stephen Thomas All Music Guide Christina Aguilera album review Retrieved on November 18, 2010.
^ Billboard chart beat Fergie Scores Third Solo No. 1 On Hot 100 Retrieved on February 16, 2010.
^ Rosen, Craig Yahoo! Music (February 2, 2000)Christina Aguilera Wins Best New Artist Yahoo.com Retrieved on (May 7, 2008).
^ ^a ^b Teri vanHorn (August 16, 2000). "Christina Aguilera Delves Into Latin Roots On Spanish LP". MTV News. http://www.mtv.com/news/articles/1424794/20000816/aguilera_christina.jhtml. Retrieved August 1, 2008.
^ Roger Colleti (April 18, 2000). "Christina Aguilera To Record With Her Idol". MTV News. http://www.mtv.com/news/articles/1424808/20000418/aguilera_christina.jhtml. Retrieved August 1, 2008.
^ ^a ^b "Week Ending Oct. 30, 2011. Songs: Eleven For Rihanna", Yahoo! Music News, October 30, 2011 Retrieved, November 6, 2011
^ BigNoiseNow(January 4, 2002). 'Mi Reflejo' goes gold. Retrieved on May 25, 2007.
^ RIAA "My Kind of Christmas" Retrieved November 14, 2011.
^ BigNoiseNow Christina Aguilera Awards Retrieved on February 17, 2011.
^ Search My Reflection RIAA RIAA Gold and Platinum certifications Archived 17 January 2010 at WebCite
^ Merin, Jennifer (February 11, 2000).Fleshing out the vital details. USA Today. Retrieved on May 25, 2007.
^ Helling, Steve May 12, 2009 People Magazine Eminem and His Many Feuds Retrieved on November 9, 2010.
^ Moss, Corey August 30, 2002 MTV.com Eminem Hugs Christina: Backstage At The VMAs Retrieved on November 9, 2010.
^ USA Today October 24, 2002 Aguilera's image is 'Stripped' USA Today Music Retrieved on July 3, 2009.
^ US magazine. Christina Aguilera. Retrieved on May 25, 2007.
^ ""Lady Marmalade" from Moulin Rouge Makes History". Movies.about.com. 2009-12-17. http://movies.about.com/library/weekly/aa061801a.htm. Retrieved 2011-11-05.
^ Barker, Olivia (February 20, 2007). Stars don't scrimp on the crimp. USA Today. Retrieved on May 25, 2007.
^ MTV (September 6, 2001). 'Lady Marmalade' wins two MTV Video Music Awards. MTV. Retrieved on November 27, 2007.
^ "Statement from Aguilera's official site about "Just Be Free" single". Archived from the original on December 12, 2002. http://web.archive.org/web/20021212142430/http://www.christinaaguilera.com/rumormill/rumor_0060.html. (From The Internet Archive). Retrieved on May 25, 2007.
^ Reid, Shaheem (May 21, 2001). Christina Aguilera Sues to stop release of early recordings. MTV. Retrieved on May 25, 2007.
^ McGrath, Stephanie (July 3, 2001). "Disputed Aguilera album to be released". Toronto Sun. Retrieved on May 25, 2007.
^ Ananova. Aguilera would like to change her image. Retrieved on May 25, 2007.
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^ The Book Standard (July 7, 2005). Christina Aguilera's Four Inches . Retrieved on December 10, 2007. Archived 16 January 2010 at WebCite
^ Cohen, Jonathan (July 6, 2006). Elton Curating Fashion Rocks, Busy With New CD. Billboard. Retrieved on May 25, 2007.
^ Channel 4 News(November 14, 2007). Aguilera back voting campaign with Rock the Vote. Retrieved on November 14, 2007.
^ Watson, Donna (October 21, 2005). Chrissie Presents. Daily Record. Retrieved on May 25, 2007.
^ MTV News staff (October 26, 2005). For The Record: Quick News On Christina Aguilera. MTV. Retrieved on May 25, 2007.
^ USA Today (March 11, 2007). Aguilera takes part in All-Star charity project.. Retrieved on May 25, 2007.
^ Virgin Media August 22, 2008 Christina's mother of a performance Virgin music Retrieved on August 22, 2008.
^ Altinsas, E. Baris (October 26, 2008). "A loving family for children in need of protection". Today's Zaman. http://www.todayszaman.com/tz-web/detaylar.do?load=detay&link=156957&bolum=101. Retrieved October 31, 2008.
^ Business Wire Christina Aguilera Lends Powerful Voice in Fight to End Hunger as Global Spokesperson Aguilera Raises Awareness of Hunger Issue by Appearing in PSA, Advertising, Posters July 15, 2009 Retrieved on July 15, 2009.
^ Relief Web September 23, 2009 Christina Aguilera sees hunger first hand in Guatemala Relief Web press release Retrieved on September 23, 2009.
^ World Food Programme official site and the World Food Programme Retrieved on May 13, 2010.
^ McNiece, Mia Variety online September 1, 2009 Variety to celebrate Power of Women Retrieved on September 10, 2009.
^ PRNewswire January 17, 2010 The Chrysler Brand Joins Forces With 'The 67th Annual Golden Globe Awards' to Contribute Relief Efforts to Haiti Retrieved on January 18, 2010.
^ WFO Retrieved on January 31, 2010
^ World Food Programme May 12, 2010 Haiti Is First Stop For New WFP Ambassador Christina Aguilera Retrieved on May 12, 2010.

External links [link]

Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Christina Aguilera

Wikiquote has a collection of quotations related to: Christina Aguilera

ChristinaAguilera.com – Christina Aguilera official website
Twitter – Official Twitter account
Christina Aguilera on Myspace
Christina Aguilera at the Internet Movie Database
Christina Aguilera on Facebook

Awards and achievements
Preceded by Lauryn Hill	Grammy Award for Best New Artist 2000	Succeeded by Shelby Lynne
Preceded by none	Latin Grammy Award for Best Pop Vocal Album, Female 2001 for Mi Reflejo	Succeeded by Rosario Flores for Muchas Flores
Preceded by B. B. King & Dr. John for "Is You Is, or Is You Ain't (My Baby)"	Grammy Award for Best Pop Collaboration with Vocals 2002 for "Lady Marmalade" with Lil' Kim, Mýa & Pink	Succeeded by Santana & Michelle Branch for "The Game of Love"
Preceded by Norah Jones for "Don't Know Why"	Grammy Award for Best Female Pop Vocal Performance 2004 for "Beautiful"	Succeeded by Norah Jones for "Sunrise"
Preceded by Kelly Clarkson for "Since U Been Gone"	Grammy Award for Best Female Pop Vocal Performance 2007 for "Ain't No Other Man"	Succeeded by Amy Winehouse for "Rehab"
Preceded by Sean "Diddy" Combs	MTV Europe Music Awards host 2003	Succeeded by Xzibit

v t e Christina Aguilera

Discography Tours Songs Awards and nominations

Studio albums	Christina Aguilera Mi Reflejo My Kind of Christmas Stripped Back to Basics Bionic

Compilation albums	Just Be Free Keeps Gettin' Better: A Decade of Hits

Soundtrack albums	Burlesque

Extended plays	Justin & Christina

Video albums	Genie Gets Her Wish My Reflection Stripped Live in the U.K. Back to Basics: Live and Down Under

Concert tours	Christina Aguilera in Concert Justified/Stripped Tour Stripped Live... on Tour Back to Basics Tour

Films	Burlesque

Television	The Voice "Lose Yourself"

Related articles	RCA Records Ecuadorian American Inspire

v t e Christina Aguilera singles

Discography Songs

Christina Aguilera	"Genie in a Bottle" "What a Girl Wants" "I Turn to You" "Come On Over Baby (All I Want Is You)"

Mi Reflejo	"Pero Me Acuerdo de Ti" "Falsas Esperanzas"

My Kind of Christmas	"The Christmas Song"

Stripped	"Dirrty" "Beautiful" "Fighter" "Can't Hold Us Down" "The Voice Within"

Back to Basics	"Ain't No Other Man" "Hurt" "Candyman" "Slow Down Baby" "Oh Mother"

Keeps Gettin' Better: A Decade of Hits	"Keeps Gettin' Better"

Bionic	"Not Myself Tonight" "Woohoo" "You Lost Me"

Featured singles	"Nobody Wants to Be Lonely" "What's Going On" "El Último Adiós" "Tilt Ya Head Back" "A Song for You" "Somos Novios (It's Impossible)" "Tell Me" "Moves Like Jagger"

Soundtrack singles	"Reflection" "Lady Marmalade" "Car Wash" "Casa de Mi Padre"

Other songs	"Si No Te Hubiera Conocido" "Walk Away" "Hello (Follow Your Own Star)" "Lift Me Up" "Bionic" "I Hate Boys" "Express" "Show Me How You Burlesque" "Castle Walls"

Book Category Portal

v t e Grammy Award for Best New Artist

1950s	Bobby Darin (1959)

1960s	No award given (1960) Bob Newhart (1961) Peter Nero (1962) Robert Goulet (1963) The Swingle Singers (1964) The Beatles (1965) Tom Jones (1966) No award given (1967) Bobbie Gentry (1968) José Feliciano (1969)

1970s	Crosby, Stills, Nash & Young (1970) The Carpenters (1971) Carly Simon (1972) America (1973) Bette Midler (1974) Marvin Hamlisch (1975) Natalie Cole (1976) Starland Vocal Band (1977) Debby Boone (1978) A Taste of Honey (1979)

1980s	Rickie Lee Jones (1980) Christopher Cross (1981) Sheena Easton (1982) Men at Work (1983) Culture Club (1984) Cyndi Lauper (1985) Sade (1986) Bruce Hornsby and the Range (1987) Jody Watley (1988) Tracy Chapman (1989)

1990s	Milli Vanilli (1990) Mariah Carey (1991) Marc Cohn (1992) Arrested Development (1993) Toni Braxton (1994) Sheryl Crow (1995) Hootie & the Blowfish (1996) LeAnn Rimes (1997) Paula Cole (1998) Lauryn Hill (1999)

2000s	Christina Aguilera (2000) Shelby Lynne (2001) Alicia Keys (2002) Norah Jones (2003) Evanescence (2004) Maroon 5 (2005) John Legend (2006) Carrie Underwood (2007) Amy Winehouse (2008) Adele (2009)

2010s	Zac Brown Band (2010) Esperanza Spalding (2011) Bon Iver (2012)

Grammy Award Record of the Year Song of the Year Album of the Year Best New Artist National Academy of Recording Arts and Sciences

v t e The Voice (U.S.)

Seasons	1 2

Hosts	Current Carson Daly Christina Milian Former Alison Haislip

Coaches	Current Christina Aguilera Cee Lo Green Adam Levine Blake Shelton

Winner	Javier Colon Jermaine Paul

Winner's song	"Stitch by Stitch" "I Believe I Can Fly"

Finalists	Vicci Martinez Dia Frampton Beverly McClellan Tony Lucca Juliet Simms Chris Mann

Notable contestants	Frenchie Davis Rebecca Loebe Nakia Serabee Mathai

Related articles	Mark Burnett John de Mol

v t e The Voice (U.S.) season 1

Hosts	Carson Daly Alison Haislip (correspondent)

Judges	Christina Aguilera Cee Lo Green Adam Levine Blake Shelton

Winner	Javier Colon

Finalists	Team Christina Raquel Castro Frenchie Davis Julia Eason Lily Elise Justin Grennan Beverly McClellan Cherie Oakley Tarralyn Ramsey Team Cee Lo Tje Austin Niki Dawson Curtis Grimes Vicci Martinez Nakia Kelsey Rey Tori and Taylor Thompson Emily Valentine Team Adam Devon Barley Javier Colon Casey Desmond Jeff Jenkins Rebecca Loebe Tim Mahoney Casey Weston Angela Wolff Team Blake Jared Blake Elenowen Dia Frampton Sara Oromchi Tyler Robinson Serabee Patrick Thomas Xenia

v t e The Voice (U.S.) season 2

Hosts	Carson Daly Christina Milian (correspondent)

Judges	Christina Aguilera Cee Lo Green Adam Levine Blake Shelton

Winner	Jermaine Paul

Finalists	Team Christina Chris Mann Jesse Campbell Anthony Evans Ashley De La Rosa Jonathas Geoff McBride Lindsey Pavao Monique Benabou Moses Stone The Line Team Cee Lo Juliet Simms Angie Johnson Erin Martin Jamar Rogers Chessa James Massone Jamie Lono Justin Hopkins Sarah Golden Tony Vincent Team Adam Tony Lucca Angel Taylor Chris Cauley Karla Davis Katrina Parker Kim Yarbrough Mathai Nathan Parrett Nicolle Galyon Pip Team Blake Jermaine Paul RaeLynn ALyX Brian Fuente Charlotte Sometimes Erin Willett Gwen Sebastian Jordan Rager Jordis Unga Naia Kete

http://wn.com/Christina_Aguilera

http://it.wn.com/Christina Aguilera

http://cs.wn.com/Christina Aguilera

http://es.wn.com/Christina Aguilera

http://ru.wn.com/Агилера, Кристина

http://nl.wn.com/Christina Aguilera

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This page contains text from Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christina_Aguilera

This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, which means that you can copy and modify it as long as the entire work (including additions) remains under this license.

For the Lincolnshire politician, see Sir Robert Pattinson.

Robert Pattinson
Pattinson at the premiere of Water for Elephants in 2011.
Born	Robert Thomas Pattinson (1986-05-13) 13 May 1986 (age 26) London, England , UK
Other names	Rob, R-Pattz,^[1] Spunk Ransom^[2] (nicknames)
Occupation	Actor, model, musician, producer
Years active	2004–present
Relatives	Lizzy Pattinson (sister)
Signature

Robert Thomas Pattinson^[3] (born 13 May 1986)^[4] is an English actor, model, musician, and producer.^[5] Born and raised in London, Pattinson started out his career by playing the role of Cedric Diggory in Harry Potter and the Goblet of Fire.^[6] Later, he landed the leading role of Edward Cullen in the film adaptations of the Twilight novels by Stephenie Meyer, and came to worldwide fame,^[7]^[8] thus establishing himself among the highest paid and most bankable actors in Hollywood.^[9]^[10]^[11] In 2010, Pattinson was named one of TIME magazine's 100 Most Influential People in The World, and also in the same year Forbes ranked him as one of the most powerful celebrities in the world in the Forbes Celebrity 100.^[12]^[13]

1 Early life
2 Career
3 In the media
4 Personal life
5 Filmography
6 References
7 External links

Early life [link]

Pattinson was born in London, England. His mother, Clare, worked for a modelling agency, and his father, Richard, imported vintage cars from the U.S.^[14] Pattinson has two elder sisters, singer Lizzy Pattinson, and Victoria Pattinson.^[15]^[16] Growing up in the Barnes suburb of London,^[17] he attended Tower House School until he was 12, and then The Harrodian School.^[18]^[19] He became involved in amateur theatre at the Barnes Theatre Company. He auditioned and was cast in a small role in Guys and Dolls. He next auditioned for Thornton Wilder's Our Town and was cast as George Gibbs. He also played in Anything Goes and Macbeth.^[20] He caught the attention of an acting agent in a production of Tess of the d'Urbervilles and began looking for professional roles.

Career [link]

Modelling [link]

Pattinson began modelling when he was twelve years old, but the number of jobs began to decrease only four years later. In December 2008 he blamed the lack of work as a model on his masculine appearance: "When I first started I was quite tall and looked like a girl, so I got lots of jobs, because it was during that period where the androgynous look was cool. Then, I guess, I became too much of a guy, so I never got any more jobs. I had the most unsuccessful modelling career."^[21] Pattinson appeared in the advertising campaign for Hackett's autumn 2007 collection.^[22]

Acting [link]

Early career [link]

Pattinson had supporting roles in the made for television film Ring of the Nibelungs in 2004 and in director Mira Nair’s Vanity Fair, although his scenes in the latter were deleted and only appear on the DVD version.^[23] In May 2005, he was slated to appear in the UK premiere of The Woman Before at the Royal Court Theatre, but was fired shortly before the opening night and was replaced by Tom Riley.^[24] Later that year he played Cedric Diggory in Harry Potter and the Goblet of Fire. For this role he was named that year's British Star of Tomorrow by The Times^[25] and had more than once been touted as the next Jude Law.^[19]^[26]^[27]

2008-present [link]

In 2008 Pattinson landed the coveted role of Edward Cullen in the film Twilight, based on Stephenie Meyer's best-selling novel of the same name. According to TV Guide, Pattinson was initially apprehensive about auditioning for the role of Edward Cullen, fearful that he would not be able to live up to the "perfection" expected from the character.^[28] The film was released on November 21, 2008 and turned Pattinson into an instant overnight moviestar.^[29] Though the film received mixed reviews, critics praised his and co-star Kristen Stewart's chemisty in the film.^[30] The New York Times called Pattinson a "capable and exotically beautiful" actor^[31] and Roger Ebert of the Chicago Sun-Times said he was "well-chosen" for the role.^[32]

After Twilight Pattinson starred in the independent films Little Ashes (in which he plays Salvador Dalí), How to Be (a British comedy), andThe Summer House.

He reprised his role as Edward Cullen in the Twilight sequel The Twilight Saga: New Moon which was released on November 20, 2009. The film earned a record-breaking $142,839,137 opening weekend and an overall run of $709,827,462 worldwide.^[33] Though the film received negative reviews, film critic Michael Phillips from the Chicago Tribune said Pattinson was still "interesting to watch" despite the bad makeup.^[34] Bill GoodyKoontz from the Arizona Republic said, "Pattinson's actually not in the film that much, but he does his best when he's around"^[35] and Michael O'Sullivan of the Washington Post noted that his acting was "uniformly strong".^[36]

Pattinson at the 2009 Academy Awards

In 2009 Pattinson presented at the 81st Academy Awards.^[37] On November 10, Revolver Entertainment released the DVD Robsessed, a documentary which details Pattinson's life and popularity.^[38]

On May 13, 2010, Pattinson appeared on The Oprah Winfrey Show and on May 18, The Ellen DeGeneres Show for his film, The Twilight Saga: Eclipse.^[39] He attended the official worldwide red carpet premiere for The Twilight Saga: Eclipse on June 24, 2010, at the Los Angeles Nokia Theatre^[40] and the film was released on June 30, 2010, earning $698,491,347 worldwide.^[41]^[42]

In 2010, Pattinson executively produced and starred in the film Remember Me, which was released on March 12, 2010.^[43]

In 2011, he starred as Jacob Jankowski in Water for Elephants, a film adaptation of the Sara Gruen novel of the same name, with Christoph Waltz and Reese Witherspoon.^[44] The film received mixed reviews but Pattinson's performance was praised. Film critic Richard Corliss from Time praised Pattinson for being "shy and watchful" and said he "radiates a slow magnetism that locks the viewer’s eyes on him", ultimately calling him "star quality".^[45] Mick LaSalle from the San Francisco Chronicle stated that Pattinson succeeded at holding his own at the center of a major feature and was "endlessly watchable".^[46] Peter Travers of the Rolling Stone said he "smolders" in the film^[47] and Todd McCarthy of The Hollywood Reporter said, "Pattinson is entirely convincing as Jacob".^[48]

Pattinson reappeared as Edward Cullen in The Twilight Saga: Breaking Dawn – Part 1, which was released on November 18, 2011, and earned $705,058,657 at the box office.^[49]

He played Georges Duroy in a film adaptation of the 1885 novel Bel Ami, with Uma Thurman, Christina Ricci, and Kristin Scott Thomas. The film had a world premiere at the 62nd Berlin International Film Festival^[50] and was released on February 12, 2012.^[51]

Pattinson will be starring in the upcoming film adaptation of Don Delillo's Cosmopolis, directed by David Cronenberg in 2012.^[52] The film has been selected to compete for the Palme d'Or at the 2012 Cannes Film Festival.^[53]^[54]

In May 2012, Pattinson was cast alongside Guy Pierce to star in David Michod's The Rover.^[55] He was also cast to star in the psychological thriller, Mission: Blacklist (film), based on the novel of the same name by military interrogator, Eric Maddox.^[56]

Music [link]

Pattinson plays guitar and piano, and composes his own music.^[57] He also appears as the singer of two songs on the Twilight soundtrack: "Never Think", which he co-wrote with Sam Bradley,^[58] and "Let Me Sign", which was written by Marcus Foster and Bobby Long.^[59] The songs were included in the film after director Catherine Hardwicke added Pattinson's recordings into an early cut without his knowledge, and he agreed that "one of them specifically, it really made the scene better. It was like it was supposed to be there."^[5] The soundtrack for the film How to Be features three original songs performed by Pattinson^[60] and written by composer Joe Hastings.^[61]

Aside from recording for the soundtracks, Pattinson has said, "I've never really recorded anything – I just played in pubs and stuff", and when asked about a professional music career, he said, "Music is my back-up plan if acting fails."^[5] In 2010, Pattinson was awarded the 'Hollywood's Most Influential Top Unexpected Musicians' award.

In the media [link]

Pattinson after The Twilight Saga: New Moon photo call at Crillon Hotel in 2009

Pattinson was named one of the "Sexiest Men Alive" in 2008 and 2009 by People magazine.^[62]^[63] In 2009, he was also named the "Sexiest Man Alive" by Glamour.^[64] Ask Men named Pattinson as one of the top 49 most influential men of 2009.^[65] In 2009, Vanity Fair named Pattinson "the most handsome man in the world" along with Angelina Jolie as the most beautiful woman in the world.^[66]

He was named one of Vanity Fair's "Top Hollywood Earners of 2009" with estimated earnings of $18 million in 2009.^[9]^[67]

In December 2009, Pattinson autographed a guitar to be auctioned off for charity.^[68] He also volunteered for the Hope for Haiti Now: A Global Benefit for Earthquake Relief in January 2010.^[69]

GQ and Glamour both named him the "Best Dressed Man" of 2010, with GQ stating, "Extremely elegant and inspiring, the true essence of a contemporary man."^[70]^[71] In 2010, People also listed Pattinson in their "World's Most Beautiful" issue.^[72]

In 2010, Pattinson politely turned down a $2 million fashion campaign with Burberry.^[73]

Britain's The Sunday Times "Rich List" put him on its "list of young millionaires" in the UK, worth £13 million.^[74] Time magazine named him as one of 2010's 100 Most Influential People in The World.^[12] In June 2010, Pattinson was named by Forbes magazine the No.50 most powerful celebrity in the world with earnings $17 million.^[13] Due to Pattinson's rising fame, a wax statue of him was added to the Madame Tussauds collection in London and New York City.^[75] On 14 November 2010, Pattinson received two BBC Radio 1 Teen Awards, Best Dressed and Best Actor.^[76]

In 2011, Pattinson was No. 15 on Vanity Fair's "Hollywood Top 40" with earnings of $27.5 million in 2010.^[77] GQ once again named Pattinson the "Best Dressed Man" of 2012.^[78]

Personal life [link]

Since meeting on the set of Twilight, Pattinson has been romantically linked to co-star Kristen Stewart.^[79] Though they have never explicitly confirmed a relationship, paparazzi photographs and eyewitness accounts have driven intense media and fan speculation and attention making "Robsten" the subject of wide media coverage.^[80]

Filmography [link]

Year	Title	Role	Notes
2004	Vanity Fair	Rawdy Crawley	Only seen on DVD release
2004	Ring of the Nibelungs	Giselher	Television film
2005	Harry Potter and the Goblet of Fire	Cedric Diggory
2006	Haunted Airman, TheThe Haunted Airman	Toby Jugg	Television film
2007	Bad Mother's Handbook, TheThe Bad Mother's Handbook	Daniel Gale	Television film
2007	Harry Potter and the Order of the Phoenix	Cedric Diggory	Cameo
2008	How to Be	Art	Strasbourg Film Festival Award for Best Actor^[81]
2008	Twilight	Edward Cullen	Hollywood Film Award for New Hollywood MTV Movie Award for Breakthrough Performance Male MTV Movie Award for Best Kiss (with Kristen Stewart) MTV Movie Award for Best Fight (with Cam Gigandet) People's Choice Award for Favorite On-Screen-Team (with Taylor Lautner and Kristen Stewart) Scream Award for Best Fantasy Actor Teen Choice Award for Choice Hottie Teen Choice Award for Choice Movie Actor Drama Teen Choice Award for Movie Liplock (with Kristen Stewart) Teen Choice Award for Choice Movie Rumble (with Cam Gigandet) Nominated—Empire Award for Best Newcomer^[82] Nominated—People's Choice Award for Favorite Movie Actor Nominated—Scream Award for Best Ensemble Cast
2009	Little Ashes	Salvador Dalí
2009	Twilight Saga: New Moon, TheThe Twilight Saga: New Moon	Edward Cullen	Russia's Georges Award for Best Foreign Actor National Movie Award for Best Performance MTV Movie Award for Best Male Performance MTV Movie Award for Global Superstar MTV Movie Award for Best Kiss (with Kristen Stewart) Teen Choice Award for Movie Liplock (with Kristen Stewart) Teen Choice Award for Movie chemistry (with Kristen Stewart) Nominated—Teen Choice Award for Choice Movie Actor Fantasy Nominated—Teen Choice Award for Choice Hottie Nominated—Empire Award for Best Actor^[83] Nominated—Nickelodeon Kids' Choice Awards for Cutest Couple (with Kristen Stewart) Nominated—Razzie Award for Worst Supporting Actor Nominated—Razzie Award for Worst Screen Couple (with Kristen Stewart)^[84]
2010	Remember Me	Tyler Hawkins	Executive producer Teen Choice Award for Choice Movie Actor Drama Nominated—Razzie Award for Worst Actor
2010	Twilight Saga: Eclipse, TheThe Twilight Saga: Eclipse	Edward Cullen	Teen Choice Award for Choice Summer Movie Star – Male Brazilian Kids' Choice Award for Couple of the Year (with Kristen Stewart) Scream Award for Best Fantasy Actor People's Choice Award for Favorite On-Screen-Team (with Taylor Lautner and Kristen Stewart) MTV Movie Award for Best Male Performance MTV Movie Award for Best Kiss (with Kristen Stewart) MTV Movie Award for Best Fight (with Bryce Dallas Howard and Xavier Samuel) Teen Choice Award for Choice Vampire Nominated—Nickelodeon Australian Kids' Choice Award for Fave Kiss (with Kristen Stewart) Nominated—People's Choice Award for Favorite Movie Actor Nominated—People's Choice Award for Favorite Movie Star Under 25 Nominated—Razzie Award for Worst Actor Nominated—Razzie Award for Worst Ensemble (with the entire cast)
2011	Water for Elephants	Jacob Jankowski	Teen Choice Award for Choice Actor - Drama Nominated—People's Choice Award for Favorite Movie Actor
2011	The Twilight Saga: Breaking Dawn – Part 1	Edward Cullen	Pending—MTV Movie Award for Best Kiss (with Kristen Stewart) Nominated—Razzie Award for Worst Ensemble (with the entire cast) Nominated—Razzie Award for Worst Screen Couple (with Kristen Stewart)
2012	Bel Ami	Georges Duroy	Awaiting release
2012	The Twilight Saga: Breaking Dawn – Part 2	Edward Cullen	Post-production
2012	Cosmopolis	Eric Packer	Post-production

References [link]

^ "Rpattz definition". Definition – of. http://www.definition-of.com/rpattz. Retrieved 3 August 2009.
^ "Spunk Ransom is catching on". MTV. http://www.mtv.com/videos/movies/237780/spunk-ransom-is-catching-on.jhtml. Retrieved 3 September 2009.
^ Births, Marriages & Deaths Index of England & Wales, 1916–2005.; at ancestry.com
^ "Robert Pattinson". People. http://www.people.com/people/robert_pattinson. Retrieved 3 April 2009.
^ ^a ^b ^c Gina McIntyre (9 October 2008). "Robert Pattinson on his 'Twilight' songs: 'Music is my backup plan if acting fails'". Los Angeles Times. http://latimesblogs.latimes.com/herocomplex/2008/10/robert-pattin-1.html. Retrieved 1 February 2009.
^ Sona Charaipotra (14 November 2008). "A Night Out With Robert Pattinson". New York Times. http://www.nytimes.com/2008/11/16/fashion/16nite.html?_r=1&ref=movies. Retrieved 11 February 2009.
^ Rebecca Murray (31 July 2008). "Robert Pattinson Discusses 'Twilight'". About.com. http://movies.about.com/od/twilight/a/twilight073108.htm. Retrieved 11 February 2009.
^ Hillary Atkin (16 November 2008). "Exclusive Interview: Robert Pattinson". Fandango. http://www.fandango.com/commentator_exclusiveinterview:robertpattinson_203. Retrieved 11 February 2009.
^ ^a ^b Peter Newcomb (March 2010). "Peter Newcomb on the Top Hollywood Earners of 2009". Vanity Fair. http://www.vanityfair.com/hollywood/features/2010/03/top-hollywood-earners-201003. Retrieved 10 July 2010.
^ Dorothy Pomerantz. "Robert Pattinson". Forbes. http://www.forbes.com/pictures/mfl45giih/robert-pattinson/#gallerycontent. Retrieved 2012-03-10.
^ "Hollywood's Best Actors for the Buck". Forbes. http://www.forbes.com/sites/dorothypomerantz/2011/12/06/hollywoods-best-actors-for-the-buck/.
^ ^a ^b Chris Weitz (29 April 2010). "The 2010 Time 100: Robert Pattinson". Time. http://www.time.com/time/specials/packages/article/0,28804,1984685_1984940_1984948,00.html#ixzz0mUOIhqVr. Retrieved 2 May 2010.
^ ^a ^b "The Celebrity 100: No.50 Robert Pattinson". Forbes. 28 June 2010. http://www.forbes.com/lists/2010/53/celeb-100-10_Robert-Pattinson_TZ0B.html.
^ Adams, Isabelle. "Robert Pattinson". Harpercollinschildrens.com. http://www.harpercollinschildrens.com/HarperChildrens/Kids/BookDetail.aspx?isbn13=9780061765537&BDMode=8. Retrieved 22 August 2010.
^ Tibbetts, Graham (2 December 2008). "Profile of Twilight star Robert Pattinson". The Daily Telegraph (UK). http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/newstopics/celebritynews/3541846/Profile-of-Twilight-star-Robert-Pattinson.html. Retrieved 16 August 2009.
^ Griffin, Susan (26 November 2009). "Twighlight star Robert Pattinson reveals his shy side". The Glaswegian. http://www.theglaswegian.co.uk/entertainment-lifestyle/2009/11/26/twighlight-star-robert-pattinson-reveals-his-shy-side-102692-21851022. Retrieved 4 December 2009.
^ Biography Today. Detroit, Michigan: Omnigraphics. 2009. p. 136. ISBN 978-0-7808-1052-5.
^ "Biography Today", p.136
^ ^a ^b Flora Stubbs (17 November 2005). "Potter star 'next Jude Law'". Evening Standard. http://www.thisislondon.co.uk/film/article-20955856-details/Potter+star+%27next+Jude+Law%27/article.do. Retrieved 2 October 2008.
^ "Biography Today", p. 137
^ "Why Robert Pattinson's Modeling". New York Magazine. http://nymag.com/daily/fashion/2008/12/why_robert_pattinsons_modeling.html.
^ "Robert Pattinson-Hackett Campaign". Nachophoto.com. http://nachofoto.com/photo-of-Robert-Pattinson-Hackett-Campaign-4ac9aa70ac4f. Retrieved 16 August 2009. ^{[dead link]}
^ Howell, Peter (21 November 2009). "Something to sink his teeth into". The National. http://www.thenational.ae/apps/pbcs.dll/article?AID=/20091121/MAGAZINE/711209966/1284. Retrieved 4 December 2009. ^{[dead link]}
^ "Robert Pattinson: Teen heartthrob Robert Pattinson is an English actor, model and musician best known for playing vampire Edward Cullen in Twilight". STV (TV network). 12 November 2009. http://entertainment.stv.tv/new-moon/whos-who/136806-new-moon-whos-who. Retrieved 4 December 2009.
^ Lisa Dillon (26 May 2005). "Almost famous". The Times (UK). http://entertainment.timesonline.co.uk/tol/arts_and_entertainment/film/article526398.ece?token=null&offset=0. Retrieved 2 October 2008.
^ "Top 20 Rising Stars Under 30". Saturday Night Magazine. 29 July 2008. http://www.snmag.com/MAGAZINE/Features/Top-20-Rising-Stars-Under-30.html. Retrieved 2 October 2008.
^ "Teen People Names 'Artists of the Year' and 'What's Next'". Starpulse. 2 November 2005. http://www.starpulse.com/news/index.php/2005/11/02/teen_people_names_artists_of_the_year_an. Retrieved 2 October 2008.
^ "Before the Spotlight, Twilight's Robert Pattinson Was Intimidated by "Perfect" Role". TV Guide. 21 November 2008. http://movies.tvguide.com/Movie-News/Twilight-Robert-Pattinson-1000071.aspx. Retrieved 26 November 2008.
^ "Twilight". Rotten Tomatoes. http://www.rottentomatoes.com/m/twilight/news/1781117/watch_tonights_twilight_premiere_online/. Retrieved 21 April 2012.
^ "Reviews". Rotten Tomatoes. http://www.rottentomatoes.com/m/twilight/. Retrieved 21 April 2012.
^ "Twilight Review". New York Times. http://movies.nytimes.com/2008/11/21/movies/21twil.html?ref=movies. Retrieved 21 April 2012.
^ "Twilight Movie Review". Roger Ebert. http://rogerebert.suntimes.com/apps/pbcs.dll/article?AID=/20081119/REVIEWS/811199997. Retrieved 21 April 2012.
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^ Robert Pattinson, Kristen Stewart’s Eclipse World Premiere at Los Angeles Film Festival 2010
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^ "The Twilight Saga: Eclipse Box Office". Box Office Mojo. http://boxofficemojo.com/movies/?page=main&id=eclipse.htm. Retrieved 21 April 2012.
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^ Pamela McClintock (21 January 2010). "Penn, Pattinson circle 'Water'". Variety. http://www.variety.com/article/VR1118014118.html?categoryid=13&cs=1. Retrieved 23 January 2010.
^ "Water For Elephants Review". Time. http://entertainment.time.com/2011/04/21/water-for-elephants-review/. Retrieved 21 April 2012.
^ "Water For Elephants Review". San Francisco Chronicle. http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?f=/c/a/2011/04/21/MV401J4S0L.DTL. Retrieved 22 April 2012.
^ "Water For Elephants Review". Rolling Stone. http://www.rollingstone.com/movies/reviews/water-for-elephants-20110421. Retrieved 21 April 2012.
^ "Water For Elephants Review". Hollywood Reporter. http://www.hollywoodreporter.com/review/water-elephants-movie-review-180802. Retrieved 21 April 2012.
^ "The Twilight Saga: Breaking Dawn Part 1 Box Office". Box Office Mojo. http://www.boxofficemojo.com/movies/?id=breakingdawn.htm. Retrieved 21 April 2012.
^ "18 World Premieres in the Competition". berlinale.de. 2012-01-20. http://www.berlinale.de/en/presse/pressemitteilungen/alle/Alle-Detail_13012.html. Retrieved 2012-01-20.
^ "Christina Ricci Joins Robert Pattinson in BEL AMI". Collider. 8 January 2010. http://www.collider.com/2010/01/08/christina-ricci-joins-robert-pattinson-in-bel-ami/. Retrieved 11 January 2010.
^ "Cosmopolis". Moviesblog. http://moviesblog.mtv.com/2011/01/06/robert-pattinson-david-cronenberg-cosmopolis. Retrieved 21 April 2012.
^ "2012 Official Selection". Cannes. http://www.festival-cannes.fr/en/article/58878.html. Retrieved 2012-04-19.
^ "Cannes Film Festival 2012 line-up announced". timeout. http://www.timeout.com/london/feature/2547/cannes-film-festival-2012-line-up-announced. Retrieved 2012-04-19.
^ http://www.deadline.com/2012/05/robert-pattinson-joins-%e2%80%98the-rover%e2%80%99/
^ http://www.deadline.com/2012/05/robert-pattinson-to-star-in-cannes-sales-title-mission-blacklist/
^ "Robert Pattinson: 'I'm Really Not That Interesting'". The Improper. http://www.theimproper.com/Template_Article.aspx?IssueId=10&ArticleId=3071. Retrieved 1 February 2009. ^{[dead link]}
^ "Sam Bradley Interview". Portrait Magazine. December 2008. http://www.portraitmagazine.net/interviews/sambradley.html. Retrieved 30 January 2009.
^ Becky Reed. "Twilight Star Talks Soundtrack". Click Music. http://www.clickmusic.com/articles/9942/Twilight-Star-Talks-Soundtrack.html. Retrieved 30 January 2009.
^ "Robert Pattinson Sings Three Songs in Indie Flick How to Be". Us Magazine. 11 March 2009. http://web.archive.org/web/20090403073201/http://www.usmagazine.com/news/robert-pattinson-sings-in-indie-flick-how-to-be-2009313. Retrieved 31 March 2009.
^ "Songs composed by Joe Hastings in Indie Flick How to Be". How to Be. 9 March 2009. http://www.howtobemovie.com/soundtrack. Retrieved 31 March 2009.
^ "2008's Sexiest Man Alive". People. http://www.people.com/people/package/gallery/0,,20237714_20241212_20545173,00.html#20545173. Retrieved 27 August 2009.
^ "2009's Sexiest Man Alive". People. http://www.people.com/people/package/gallery/0,,20315920_20320457,00.html#20705504. Retrieved 21 November 2009.
^ "Sexiest Men Alive #1". 5 August 2009. http://www.glamourmagazine.co.uk/celebrity/photo-galleries/celebrity-life/090805-50-sexiest-men-voted-by-you.aspx?imageno=1. Retrieved 5 August 2009.
^ "Top 49 Most Influential Men". http://www.askmen.com/specials/2009_top_49/robert-pattinson-44.html.
^ "Robert Pattinson the Most Handsome Man in the World". http://www.vanityfair.com/online/daily/2009/06/robert-pattinson-is-the-most-handsome-man-in-the-world.html.
^ "Johnny Depp is highest paid actor with £21m deal for next Pirates film". The Daily Telegraph (London). 17 November 2009. http://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/film/film-news/6587698/Johnny-Depp-is-highest-paid-actor-with-21m-deal-for-next-Pirates-film.html. Retrieved 2 May 2010.
^ "Perez strikes bad chord with Robert Pattinson guitar story". Gossip Cop. Gossip Cop. 18 March 2010. http://www.gossipcop.com/perez-strikes-bad-chord-with-Robert-pattinson-guitar-story. Retrieved 18 March 2010.
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^ "Robert Pattinson And Cheryl Cole Are Named The Best Dressed Of 2010". Entertainment Wise. Giant Digital. 6 April 2010. http://www.entertainmentwise.com/news/52763/Robert-Pattinson-And-Cheryl-Cole-Are-Named-The-Best-Dressed-Of-2010. Retrieved 2 May 2010.
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External links [link]

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MTV Movie Award for Best Performance

Arnold Schwarzenegger / Linda Hamilton (1992)
Denzel Washington / Sharon Stone (1993)
Tom Hanks / Janet Jackson (1994)
Brad Pitt / Sandra Bullock (1995)
Jim Carrey / Alicia Silverstone (1996)
Tom Cruise / Claire Danes (1997)
Leonardo DiCaprio / Neve Campbell (1998)
Jim Carrey / Cameron Diaz (1999)
Keanu Reeves / Sarah Michelle Gellar (2000)
Tom Cruise / Julia Roberts (2001)
Will Smith / Nicole Kidman (2002)
Eminem / Kirsten Dunst (2003)
Johnny Depp / Uma Thurman (2004)
Leonardo DiCaprio / Lindsay Lohan (2005)
Jake Gyllenhaal (2006)
Johnny Depp (2007)
Will Smith / Ellen Page (2008)
Zac Efron / Kristen Stewart (2009)
Robert Pattinson / Kristen Stewart (2010)
Robert Pattinson / Kristen Stewart (2011)

MTV Movie Award for Best Breakthrough Performance

Edward Furlong (1992)
Marisa Tomei (1993)
Alicia Silverstone (1994)
Kirsten Dunst (1995)
George Clooney (1996)
Matthew McConaughey (1997)
Heather Graham (1998)
James Van Der Beek / Katie Holmes (1999)
Haley Joel Osment / Julia Stiles (2000)
Sean Patrick Thomas / Erika Christensen (2001)
Orlando Bloom / Mandy Moore (2002)
Eminem / Jennifer Garner (2003)
Shawn Ashmore / Lindsay Lohan (2004)
Jon Heder / Rachel McAdams (2005)
Isla Fisher (2006)
Jaden Smith (2007)
Zac Efron (2008)
Robert Pattinson / Ashley Tisdale (2009)
Anna Kendrick (2010)
Chloë Grace Moretz (2011)

v t e MTV Movie Award for Best Kiss

1990s	Anna Chlumsky & Macaulay Culkin in My Girl (1992) Christian Slater & Marisa Tomei in Untamed Heart (1993) Demi Moore & Woody Harrelson in Indecent Proposal (1994) Jim Carrey & Lauren Holly in Dumb and Dumber (1995) Natasha Henstridge & Anthony Guidera in Species (1996) Will Smith & Vivica A. Fox in Independence Day (1997) Adam Sandler & Drew Barrymore in The Wedding Singer (1998) Gwyneth Paltrow & Joseph Fiennes in Shakespeare in Love (1999)

2000s	Sarah Michelle Gellar & Selma Blair in Cruel Intentions (2000) Julia Stiles & Sean Patrick Thomas in Save the Last Dance (2001) Jason Biggs & Seann William Scott in American Pie 2 (2002) Tobey Maguire & Kirsten Dunst in Spider-Man (2003) Owen Wilson, Carmen Electra, & Amy Smart in Starsky & Hutch (2004) Ryan Gosling & Rachel McAdams in The Notebook (2005) Heath Ledger & Jake Gyllenhaal in Brokeback Mountain (2006) Will Ferrell & Sacha Baron Cohen in Talladega Nights: The Ballad of Ricky Bobby (2007) Briana Evigan & Robert Hoffman in Step Up 2: The Streets (2008) Robert Pattinson & Kristen Stewart in Twilight (2009)

2010s	Robert Pattinson & Kristen Stewart in The Twilight Saga: New Moon (2010) Robert Pattinson & Kristen Stewart in The Twilight Saga: Eclipse (2011)

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Persondata
Name	Aguilera, Christina
Alternative names	Aguilera, Christina Maria
Short description	American singer and songwriter
Date of birth	December 18, 1980
Place of birth	New York City, New York, United States
Date of death
Place of death

Persondata
Name	Pattinson, Robert Thomas
Alternative names
Short description	Actor, model, and musician
Date of birth	13 May 1986
Place of birth	London, England
Date of death
Place of death

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