Stele

Saturday, 09 February 2013

ELENA GHEORGHE - Pana la Stele (Original Version)

Keed feat. Zhao & Tranda - Praf de Stele (Prod. de Dallas)

Elena Gheorghe - Pana la stele (Official Video)

Open Collage in a new Window

Email the Collage

Loading suggestions ...

Amarna
Amarna (commonly known as el-Amarna or incorrectly as Tel el-Amarna; see below) (Arabic: العمارنة al-‘amārnah‎) is an extensive Egyptian archaeological site that represents the remains of the capital city newly–established and built by the Pharaoh Akhenaten of the late Eighteenth Dynasty (c. 1353 BC), and abandoned shortly afterwards. The name for the city employed by the ancient Egyptians is written as Akhetaten (or Akhetaton – transliterations vary) in English transliteration. Akhetaten means "Horizon of the Aten."
The area is located on the east bank of the Nile River in the modern Egyptian province of Minya, some 58 km (36 mi) south of the city of al-Minya, 312 km (194 mi) south of the Egyptian capital Cairo and 402 km (250 mi) north of Luxor. The site of Amarna includes several modern villages, chief of which are el-Till in the north and el-Hagg Qandil in the south.
The area was also occupied during later Roman and early Christian times; excavations to the south of the city have found several structures from this period.

wn.com/Amarna
Berlin
Berlin ( /bɜrˈlɪn/; German pronunciation: [bɛɐ̯ˈliːn] ( listen)) is the capital city of Germany and one of the 16 states of Germany. With a population of 3.5 million people, Berlin is Germany's largest city and is the second most populous city proper and the eighth most populous urban area in the European Union. Located in northeastern Germany, it is the center of the Berlin-Brandenburg Metropolitan Region, which has 5.9 million residents from over 190 nations. Located in the European Plains, Berlin is influenced by a temperate seasonal climate. Around one third of the city's area is composed of forests, parks, gardens, rivers and lakes.
First documented in the 13th century, Berlin was the capital of the Kingdom of Prussia (1701–1918), the German Empire (1871–1918), the Weimar Republic (1919–1933) and the Third Reich (1933–1945).Berlin in the 1920s was the third largest municipality in the world. After World War II, the city became divided into East Berlin—the capital of East Germany—and West Berlin, a West German exclave surrounded by the Berlin Wall (1961–1989). Following German reunification in 1990, the city regained its status as the capital of Germany, hosting 147 foreign embassies.

wn.com/Berlin
British Museum
Coordinates: 51°31′10″N 0°07′37″W / 51.519459°N 0.126931°W / 51.519459; -0.126931
The British Museum, in London, is widely considered to be one of the world's greatest museums of human history and culture. Its permanent collection, numbering some eight million works, is amongst the finest, most comprehensive, and largest in existence and originates from all continents, illustrating and documenting the story of human culture from its beginnings to the present.
The British Museum was established in 1753, largely based on the collections of the physician and scientist Sir Hans Sloane. The museum first opened to the public on 15 January 1759 in Montagu House in Bloomsbury, on the site of the current museum building. Its expansion over the following two and a half centuries was largely a result of an expanding British colonial footprint and has resulted in the creation of several branch institutions, the first being the British Museum (Natural History) in South Kensington in 1887. Some objects in the collection, most notably the Elgin Marbles from the Parthenon, are the objects of intense controversy and of calls for restitution to their countries of origin.

wn.com/British_Museum
Cantabria
Cantabria (English /kænˈtɑːbriə/, /kænˈtæbriə/; Spanish: [kanˈtaβɾja]) is a Spanish historical region and autonomous community with Santander as its capital city. It is bordered on the east by the Basque Autonomous Community (province of Biscay), on the south by Castile and León (provinces of León, Palencia and Burgos), on the west by the Principality of Asturias, and on the north by the Cantabrian Sea (Bay of Biscay).
Cantabria belongs to Green Spain, the name given to the strip of land between the Bay of Biscay and the Cantabrian Mountains, so called because of its particularly lush vegetation, due to the wet and moderate oceanic climate. The climate is strongly influenced by Atlantic Ocean winds trapped by the mountains; the average precipitation is about 1,200 mm (47 inches).
Cantabria is the richest region in the world for archaeological sites from the Upper Paleolithic period, although the first signs of human occupation date from Lower Paleolithic. The most significant site for cave paintings is that in the cave of Altamira, dating from about 16,000 to 9000 BC and declared, along with nine other Cantabrian caves, as World Heritage Sites by UNESCO.

wn.com/Cantabria
China
China (ⁱ/ˈtʃaɪnə/; Chinese: 中国; pinyin: Zhōngguó; see also Names of China), officially the People's Republic of China (PRC), is the world's most-populous country, with a population of over 1.3 billion. Covering approximately 9.6 million square kilometres, the East Asian state is the world's second-largest country by land area, and the third- or fourth-largest in total area, depending on the definition of total area.
The People's Republic of China is a single-party state governed by the Communist Party of China. It exercises jurisdiction over 22 provinces, five autonomous regions, four directly controlled municipalities (Beijing, Tianjin, Shanghai, and Chongqing), and two mostly self-governing special administrative regions (Hong Kong and Macau). Its capital city is Beijing. The PRC also claims Taiwan—which is controlled by the Republic of China (ROC), a separate political entity—as its 23rd province, a claim controversial due to the complex political status of Taiwan and the unresolved Chinese Civil War. The PRC government denies the legitimacy of the ROC.

wn.com/China
Copán
Copán is an archaeological site of the Maya civilization located in the Copán Department of western Honduras, not far from the border with Guatemala. It was the capital city of a major Classic period kingdom from the 5th to 9th centuries AD. The city was located in the extreme southeast of the Mesoamerican cultural region, on the frontier with the Isthmo-Colombian cultural region, and was almost surrounded by non-Maya peoples. In this fertile valley now lies a city of about 3000, a small airport, and a winding road.
Copán was occupied for more than two thousand years, from the Early Preclassic period right through to the Postclassic. The city developed a distinctive sculptural style within the tradition of the lowland Maya, perhaps to emphasize the Maya ethnicity of the city's rulers.
The city has a historical record that spans the greater part of the Classic period and has been reconstructed in detail by archaeologists and epigraphers. Copán, probably called Oxwitik by the Maya, was a powerful city ruling a vast kingdom within the southern Maya area. The city suffered a major political disaster in AD 738 when Uaxaclajuun Ub'aah K'awiil, one of the greatest kings in Copán's dynastic history, was captured and executed by his former vassal, the king of Quiriguá. This unexpected defeat resulted in a 17-year hiatus at the city, during which time Copán may have been subject to Quiriguá in a reversal of fortunes.

wn.com/Copán
Egypt
Egypt ⁱ/ˈiːdʒɪpt/ (Arabic: مصر, Miṣr, Egyptian Arabic: [mɑsˤɾ] ; Coptic: Ⲭⲏⲙⲓ, Kīmi ; Sahidic Coptic: ⲕⲏⲙⲉ, Kēme), officially the Arab Republic of Egypt, Arabic: جمهوريّة مصر العربيّة (help·info), is a country mainly in North Africa, with the Sinai Peninsula forming a land bridge in Southwest Asia. Egypt is thus a transcontinental country, and a major power in Africa, the Mediterranean Basin, the Middle East and the Muslim world. Covering an area of about 1,010,000 square kilometers (390,000 sq mi), Egypt is bordered by the Mediterranean Sea to the north, the Gaza Strip and Israel to the northeast, the Red Sea to the east, Sudan to the south and Libya to the west.
Egypt is one of the most populous countries in Africa and the Middle East. The great majority of its over 81 million people live near the banks of the Nile River, in an area of about 40,000 square kilometers (15,000 sq mi), where the only arable land is found. The large areas of the Sahara Desert are sparsely inhabited. About half of Egypt's residents live in urban areas, with most spread across the densely populated centres of greater Cairo, Alexandria and other major cities in the Nile Delta.

wn.com/Egypt
Ethiopia
Ethiopia ( /ˌiːθiˈoʊpiə/) (Ge'ez: ኢትዮጵያ ʾĪtyōṗṗyā), officially known as the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia, is a landlocked country located in the Horn of Africa. It is the second-most populous nation in Africa, with over 82 million inhabitants, and the tenth largest by area, occupying 1,100,000 km². Ethiopia is bordered by Eritrea to the north, Djibouti and Somalia to the east, Sudan and South Sudan to the west, and Kenya to the south. With its capital at Addis Ababa, it is also the most populous landlocked nation in the world.
Ethiopia was a monarchy for most of its history, and the Ethiopian dynasty traces its roots to the 2nd century BC. Ethiopia is also one of the oldest sites of human existence known to scientists today, having yielded some of humanity's oldest traces. It may be the region from which Homo sapiens first set out for the Middle East and points beyond. Alongside Rome, Persia, China and India, the Ethiopian Aksum Empire was considered one of the great world powers of the 3rd century. During the Scramble for Africa, Ethiopia was the only African country beside Liberia that retained its sovereignty as a recognized independent country, and was one of only four African members of the League of Nations. After a brief period of Italian occupation, Ethiopia became a charter member of the United Nations. When other African nations received their independence following World War II, many of them adopted the colors of Ethiopia's flag, and Addis Ababa became the location of several international organizations focused on Africa.

wn.com/Ethiopia
Forres
Coordinates: 57°36′00″N 3°37′00″W / 57.59999°N 3.61673°W / 57.59999; -3.61673
Forres (/ˈfɒrɨs/; Scottish Gaelic: Farrais), is a town and former royal burgh situated in the north of Scotland on the Moray coast, approximately 25 miles east of Inverness. Forres has been a winner of the Scotland in Bloom award on several occasions. There are many geographical and historical attractions nearby such as the River Findhorn, and there are many historical artifacts and monuments within the town itself.
Forres is thought to be the "Varris" shown on maps by Ptolemy from the first century AD. A royal castle was in the area from at least 900 AD, and around 1140 AD Forres became a royal burgh. Royal burghs were founded by the Kings of Scots of the 12th century to encourage trade and economic improvement. The local abbey was plundered by Wolf of Badenoch.
On 23 June 1496 King James IV of Scotland issued a Royal Charter laying down the rights and privileges that the town's people are believed to have held by an earlier charter since the reign of King David I some 300 years earlier.

wn.com/Forres
Great Britain
Great Britain or Britain (Welsh: Prydain Fawr, Scottish Gaelic: Breatainn Mhòr, Cornish: Breten Veur) is an island situated to the northwest of Continental Europe. It is the ninth largest island in the world, the largest European island, and the largest of the British Isles. With a population of about 60.0 million people in mid-2009, it is the third most populous island in the world, after Java and Honshū. Great Britain is surrounded by over 1,000 smaller islands and islets. The island of Ireland lies to its west. Politically, Great Britain may also refer to the island itself together with a number of surrounding islands which comprise the territory of England, Scotland and Wales.
All of the island is territory of the sovereign state of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, and most of the United Kingdom's territory is in Great Britain. Most of England, Scotland, and Wales are on the island of Great Britain, as are their respective capital cities: London, Edinburgh, and Cardiff.

wn.com/Great_Britain
Greece
Greece ⁱ/ˈɡriːs/ (Greek: Ελλάδα, Ellada, IPA: [eˈlaða] ( listen) historically in Katharevousa and Ancient Greek: Ἑλλάς, Hellas, IPA: [eˈlas] and [helːás] respectively), officially the Hellenic Republic (Ελληνική Δημοκρατία, Elliniki Dimokratia, IPA: [eliniˈci ðimokraˈtia]), is a country in Southern Europe, politically considered part of Western Europe.Athens is the capital and the largest city in the country (its urban area also including Piraeus). The population of the country is around 11 million.
Greece has land borders with Albania, the Republic of Macedonia and Bulgaria to the north, and Turkey to the east. The Aegean Sea lies to the east of mainland Greece, the Ionian Sea to the west, and the Mediterranean Sea to the south. Greece has the 11th longest coastline in the world at 13,676 km (8,498 mi) in length, featuring a vast number of islands (approximately 1,400, of which 227 are inhabited), including Crete, the Dodecanese, the Cyclades, and the Ionian Islands among others. Eighty percent of Greece consists of mountains, of which Mount Olympus is the highest at 2,917 m (9,570 ft).

wn.com/Greece
Gwanggaeto Stele
The stele of Gwanggaeto the Great of Goguryeo was erected in 414 by Jangsu of Goguryeo as a memorial to his deceased father. It is one of the major primary sources extant for the history of Goguryeo, one of the Three Kingdoms of Korea, and supplies invaluable historical detail on his reign as well as insights into Goguryeo mythology.
It stands near the tomb of Gwanggaeto in what is today the city of Ji'an along the Yalu River in present-day northeast China, which was the capital of Goguryeo at that time. It is carved out of a single mass of granite, stands nearly 7 meters tall and has a girth of almost 4 meters. The inscription is written exclusively in Classical Chinese and has 1802 characters.
The stele has also become a focal point of varying national rivalries in East Asia manifested in the interpretations of the stele's inscription and the place of the Empire of Goguryeo in modern historical narratives. An exact replica of the Gwanggaeto Stele stands on the grounds of War Memorial of Seoul and the rubbed copies made in 1881 and 1883 are in the custody of China and the National Museum of Japan, respectively, testament to the stele's centrality in the history of Korea and part of Manchuria.

wn.com/Gwanggaeto_Stele
Han dynasty
The Han Dynasty (simplified Chinese: 汉朝; traditional Chinese: 漢朝; pinyin: Hàn Cháo; Wade–Giles: Han Ch'ao; IPA: [xân tʂʰɑ̌ʊ̯]) (206 BCE – 220 CE) was an imperial dynasty of China, preceded by the Qin Dynasty (221–207 BCE) and succeeded by the Three Kingdoms (220–280 CE). It was founded by the rebel leader Liu Bang, known posthumously as Emperor Gaozu of Han. It was briefly interrupted by the Xin Dynasty (9–23 CE) of the former regent Wang Mang. This interregnum separates the Han into two periods: the Western Han (206 BCE – 9 CE) and Eastern Han (25–220 CE). Spanning over four centuries, the period of the Han Dynasty is considered a golden age in Chinese history. To this day, China's majority ethnic group refers to itself as the "Han people" and Chinese characters are referred to as "Han characters".

wn.com/Han_dynasty
Honduras
Honduras is a republic in Central America. It was at times referred to as Spanish Honduras to differentiate it from British Honduras, which became the modern-day state of Belize. The country is bordered to the west by Guatemala, to the southwest by El Salvador, to the southeast by Nicaragua, to the south by the Pacific Ocean at the Gulf of Fonseca, and to the north by the Gulf of Honduras, a large inlet of the Caribbean Sea.
Honduras was home to several important indigenous cultures, most notably the Maya. Much of the country was conquered by Spain who introduced its predominant language and many of its customs in the sixteenth century. It became independent in 1821 and has been a republic since the end of Spanish rule.
Its size is just over 112,492 km² with an estimated population of almost eight million. Its capital is Tegucigalpa. Its northern portions are part of the Western Caribbean Zone.
It is notable for its production of minerals, tropical fruit, and recently for exportation of clothing for the international market.

wn.com/Honduras
Ireland
Coordinates: 53°20′N 08°00′W / 53.333°N 8°W / 53.333; -8
Ireland (pronounced [ˈaɪrlənd] ( listen); Irish: Éire [ˈeːɾʲə] ( listen); Ulster Scots: Airlann or Airlan) is an island to the northwest of continental Europe. It is the third-largest island in Europe and the twentieth-largest island on Earth. To its east is the larger island of Great Britain, from which it is separated by the Irish Sea.
Politically, Ireland is divided between the Republic of Ireland, which covers just under five-sixths of the island, and Northern Ireland, a part of the United Kingdom, which covers the remainder and is located in the northeast of the island. The population of Ireland is approximately 6.4 million. Just under 4.6 million live in the Republic of Ireland and just under 1.8 million live in Northern Ireland.
Relatively low-lying mountains surrounding a central plain epitomise Ireland's geography with several navigable rivers extending inland. The island has lush vegetation, a product of its mild but changeable oceanic climate, which avoids extremes in temperature. Thick woodlands covered the island until the 17th century. Today, it is one of the most deforested areas in Europe. There are twenty-six extant mammal species native to Ireland.

wn.com/Ireland
Islay
Islay (ⁱ/ˈaɪlə/ EYE-lə; Scottish Gaelic: Ìle, pronounced [ˈiːlə]), is the southernmost island of the Inner Hebrides of Scotland. Known as "The Queen of the Hebrides", it lies in Argyll just south west of Jura and around 25 miles (40 km) north of the Irish coast. Scottish Gaelic is spoken by about a third of the population. The island's capital and largest settlement is Bowmore where the distinctive round Kilarrow Parish Church and a distillery are located.Port Ellen is the main port.
Islay is the fifth largest Scottish island and the seventh largest island surrounding Great Britain. It has over three thousand inhabitants and a total area of almost 620 square kilometres (239 sq mi). Its main industries are agriculture, malt whisky distilling, and tourism.
There is ample evidence of the prehistoric settlement of Islay, which became part of the Kingdom of Dál Riata during the early historic period before being absorbed into the Norse Kingdom of the Isles. The medieval period marked a "cultural high point" with the emergence of the Lordship of the Isles, originally centred at Finlaggan. During the 17th century the Clan Donald star waned, but improvements to agriculture and transport led to a rising population, which peaked in the mid-19th century. This was followed by substantial Clearances and declining resident numbers. The island also has a long history of religious observance. Its landscapes have been celebrated through various artforms and there is a growing interest in renewable energy.

wn.com/Islay
Kildalton Cross
The Kildalton Cross is a monolithic high cross in Celtic cross form in the churchyard of the former parish church of Kildalton (from Scottish Gaelic Cill Daltain, "Church of the Foster Son" (i.e. St John the Evangelist) on the island of Islay in the Inner Hebrides, Scotland. It was carved probably in the second half of the 8th century AD, and is closely related to crosses of similar date on Iona. It is often considered the finest surviving Celtic cross in Scotland, and is certainly one of the most perfect monuments of its date to survive on western Europe. The cross and the adjacent roofless medieval parish church are in the care of Historic Scotland (access at all times). A simpler cross of late medieval date stands nearby.
Coordinates: 55°41′2″N 6°2′40″W / 55.68389°N 6.04444°W / 55.68389; -6.04444

wn.com/Kildalton_Cross
Lapis Niger
The Lapis Niger (Latin, "Black Stone") is an ancient shrine in the Roman Forum. Together with the associated Vulcanal (a sanctuary to Vulcan) it constitutes the only surviving remnants of the old Comitium, an early assembly area that preceded the Forum and is thought to derive from an archaic cult site of the 7th or 8th century BC.
The black marble paving (1st century BC) and modern concrete enclosure (early 20th century) of the Lapis Niger overlie an ancient tomb or altar and a stone block with one of the earliest known Latin inscriptions (ca. 570–550 BC). The superstructure monument and shrine may have been built by Julius Caesar during his reorganization of the Forum and Comitium space. Alternatively, this may have been done a generation earlier by Sulla during one his construction projects around the Curia Hostilia. The site was rediscovered and excavated from 1899 to 1905 by Italian archaeologist Giacomo Boni.
Mentioned in many ancient descriptions of the Forum dating back to the Roman Republic and the early days of the Roman Empire, the significance of the Lapis Niger shrine was obscure and mysterious even to later Romans, but it was always discussed as a place of great sacredness and significance. It is constructed on top of a sacred spot consisting of much older artifacts found about 5 ft (1.5 m) below the present ground level. The name "black stone" may have originally referred to the black stone block (one of the earliest known Latin inscriptions) or it may refer to the later black marble paving at the surface. Located in the Comitium in front of the Curia Julia, this structure survived for centuries due to a combination of reverential treatment and overbuilding during the era of the early Roman Empire.

wn.com/Lapis_Niger
Libya
Libya (Arabic: ‏ليبيا‎ Lībyā), Berber: ⵍⵉⴱⵢⴰ) is a country in the Maghreb region of North Africa bordered by the Mediterranean Sea to the north, Egypt to the east, Sudan to the southeast, Chad and Niger to the south, and Algeria and Tunisia to the west.
With an area of almost 1.8 million square kilometres (700,000 sq mi), Libya is the third largest country in Africa by area, and the 17th largest in the world. The largest city, Tripoli, is home to 1.7 million of Libya's 6.4 million people. The three traditional parts of the country are Tripolitania, Fezzan and Cyrenaica.
In 2009 Libya had the highest HDI in Africa and the fourth highest GDP (PPP) per capita in Africa, behind Seychelles, Equatorial Guinea and Gabon. Libya has the 10th-largest proven oil reserves of any country in the world and the 17th-highest petroleum production.
As a result of the Libyan civil war, the Libyan Arab Jamahiriya, which had at that time been in existence for 34 years, collapsed and Libya entered a period of governance by a transitional administration called the National Transitional Council. The NTC has stated its intention to oversee the first phase of a transition to constitutional democracy, after which it claims it will dissolve in favor of a representative legislature.

wn.com/Libya
Ming Dynasty
The Ming Dynasty, also Empire of the Great Ming, was the ruling dynasty of China for 276 years (1368–1644) following the collapse of the Mongol-led Yuan Dynasty. The Ming, described by some as "one of the greatest eras of orderly government and social stability in human history", was the last dynasty in China ruled by ethnic Han Chinese. Although the Ming capital Beijing fell in 1644 to a rebellion led by Li Zicheng (who established the Shun Dynasty, soon replaced by the Manchu-led Qing Dynasty), regimes loyal to the Ming throne—collectively called the Southern Ming—survived until 1662.
Ming rule saw the construction of a vast navy and a standing army of one million troops. Although private maritime trade and official tribute missions from China had taken place in previous dynasties, the tributary fleet under the Muslim eunuch admiral Zheng He in the 15th century far surpassed all others in size. There were enormous construction projects, including the restoration of the Grand Canal and the Great Wall and the establishment of the Forbidden City in Beijing during the first quarter of the 15th century. Estimates for the late-Ming population vary from 160 to 200 million.

wn.com/Ming_Dynasty
Northern Wei
The Northern Wei Dynasty (Chinese: 北魏朝; pinyin: Běi Wèi Cháo), also known as the Tuoba Wei (拓拔魏), Later Wei (後魏), or Yuan Wei (元魏), was a dynasty which ruled northern China from 386 to 534 (de jure until 535). Described as "part of an era of political turbulence and intense social and cultural change", the Northern Wei Dynasty is particularly noted for unifiying northern China in 439: this was also a period of introduced foreign ideas; such as Buddhism, which became firmly established. Many antiques and art works, both Daoist and Buddhist, from this period have survived. During the Taihe period (477-499) of Emperor Xiaowen, court advisers instituted sweeping reforms and introduced changes that eventually led to the dynasty moving its capital from Datong to Luoyang, in 494. It was the time of the construction of the Buddhist cave sites of Yungang by Datong during the mid-to-late 5th century, and towards the latter part of the dynasty, the Longmen Caves outside the later capital city of Luoyang, in which more than 30,000 Buddhist images from the time of this dynasty have been found. It is thought the dynasty originated from the Tuoba clan of the Xianbei tribe. The Tuoba renamed themselves the Yuan as a part of systematic Sinicization. Towards the end of the dynasty there was significant internal dissension resulting in a split into Eastern Wei Dynasty and Western Wei Dynasty.

wn.com/Northern_Wei
Pergamon Museum
Coordinates: 52°31′15″N 13°23′47″E / 52.5209°N 13.3964°E / 52.5209; 13.3964
The Pergamon Museum (German: Pergamonmuseum) is situated on the Museum Island in Berlin. The site was designed by Alfred Messel and Ludwig Hoffmann and was constructed in twenty years, from 1910 to 1930. The Pergamon houses original-sized, reconstructed monumental buildings such as the Pergamon Altar and the Market Gate of Miletus, all consisting of parts transported from Turkey. There is controversy over the legitimacy of the acquisition of the collection. It was suggested that the collection should be returned to Turkey (original country of the excavations).
The museum is subdivided into the antiquity collection, the Middle East museum, and the museum of Islamic art. The museum is visited by approximately 1,135,000 people every year, making it the most visited art museum in Germany (2007).
By the time the Kaiser-Friedrich-Museum on Museum Island (today the Bodemuseum) had opened, it was clear that the museum was not large enough to host all of the art and archaeological treasures excavated under German supervision. Excavations were underway in Babylon, Uruk, Assur, Miletus, Priene and Egypt, and objects from these sites could not be properly displayed within the existing German museum system. As early as 1907, Wilhelm von Bode, the director of the Kaiser-Friedrich-Wilhelm-Museum had plans to build a new museum nearby to accommodate ancient architecture, German post-antiquity art, and Middle Eastern and Islamic art.

wn.com/Pergamon_Museum
Philippi
Philippi (in Greek Φίλιπποι Philippoi) was a city in eastern Macedonia, established by Philip II in 356 BC and abandoned in the 14th century after the Ottoman conquest. The present municipality Filippoi is located near the ruins of the ancient city and it is part of the region of East Macedonia and Thrace in Greece.
Philippi was established by the king of Macedon, Philip II, on the site of the Thasian colony of Krinides or Crenides (Κρηνἱδες, "Fountains"), near the head of the Aegean Sea at the foot of Mt. Orbelos about 8 miles north-west of Kavalla, on the northern border of the marsh that in Antiquity covered the entire plain separating it from the Pangaion hills to the south of Greece.
The objective of founding the town was to take control of the neighbouring gold mines and to establish a garrison at a strategic passage: the site controlled the route between Amphipolis and Neapolis, part of the great royal route which crosses Macedonia from the east to the west and which was reconstructed later by the Roman Empire as the Via Egnatia. Philip II endowed the new city with important fortifications, which partially blocked the passage between the swamp and Mt. Orbelos, and sent colonists to occupy it. Philip also had the marsh partially drained, as is attested by the writer Theophrastus. Philippi preserved its autonomy within the kingdom of Macedon and had its own political institutions (the Assembly of the demos). The discovery of new gold mines near the city, at Asyla, contributed to the wealth of the kingdom and Philip established a mint there. The city was finally fully integrated into the kingdom under Philip V.

wn.com/Philippi
Scotland
Scotland (Scottish Gaelic: Alba ([ˈalˠ̪apə] listen (help·info))) is a country that is part of the United Kingdom. Occupying the northern third of the island of Great Britain, it shares a border with England to the south and is bounded by the North Sea to the east, the Atlantic Ocean to the north and west, and the North Channel and Irish Sea to the southwest. In addition to the mainland, Scotland constitutes over 790 islands including the Northern Isles and the Hebrides.
Edinburgh, the country's capital and second largest city, is one of Europe's largest financial centres. Edinburgh was the hub of the Scottish Enlightenment of the 18th century, which transformed Scotland into one of the commercial, intellectual and industrial powerhouses of Europe. Glasgow, Scotland's largest city, was once one of the world's leading industrial cities and now lies at the centre of the Greater Glasgow conurbation. Scottish waters consist of a large sector of the North Atlantic and the North Sea, containing the largest oil reserves in the European Union. This has given Aberdeen, the third largest city in Scotland, the title of Europe's oil capital.

wn.com/Scotland
Spain
Spain (ⁱ/ˈspeɪn/ SPAYN; Spanish: España, pronounced: [esˈpaɲa] ( listen)), officially the Kingdom of Spain (Spanish: Reino de España), is a sovereign state and a member of the European Union located in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula. Its mainland is bordered to the south and east by the Mediterranean Sea except for a small land boundary with the British Overseas Territory of Gibraltar; to the north and north east by France, Andorra, and the Bay of Biscay; and to the northwest and west by the Atlantic Ocean and Portugal.
Spanish territory also includes the Balearic Islands in the Mediterranean, the Canary Islands in the Atlantic Ocean off the African coast, and two autonomous cities in North Africa, Ceuta and Melilla, that border Morocco. Furthermore, the town of Llívia is a Spanish exclave situated inside French territory. With an area of 504,030 square kilometres (194,610 sq mi), it is the second largest country in Western Europe and the European Union after France, and the fourth largest country in Europe after Russia, Ukraine and France.

wn.com/Spain
Tres Zapotes
Tres Zapotes is a Mesoamerican archaeological site located in the south-central Gulf Lowlands of Mexico in the Papaloapan River plain. Tres Zapotes is sometimes referred to as the third major Olmec capital (after San Lorenzo Tenochtitlán and La Venta), although Tres Zapotes' Olmec phase constitutes only a portion of the site’s history, which continued through the Epi-Olmec and Classic Veracruz cultural periods.
The 2000-year existence of Tres Zapotes as a cultural center is unusual, if not unique, in Mesoamerica.
The site is located near the present-day village of Tres Zapotes, west of Santiago Tuxtla, Veracruz at the western edge of the Los Tuxtlas Mountains on the banks of the Rio Hueyapan (a small stream). The area is a transition point between the Los Tuxtlas Mountains and the Papaloapan River delta and allowed the inhabitants to take advantage of the forested uplands as well as the swamps and streams of the flatlands. Scarcely 10 km (6 mi) to the east stands Cerro el Vigía, an extinct volcano and important source of basalt and other volcanic stone, sandstone, and clay. The nearby small site of Rancho la Cobata, on the northern flank of Cerro El Vigía, may have functioned as a monument workshop – most of the basalt stonework at Tres Zapotes was crafted from the colossal, "spheroid", smooth-faced boulders found even today at the summit of Cerro El Vigía. Some of these boulders are more than 3 meters in diameter.

wn.com/Tres_Zapotes
Yellow River
The Yellow River or Huang He, formerly spelled Hwang Ho, is the second-longest river in China after the Yangtze and the sixth-longest in the world at the estimated length of 5,464 kilometers (3,395 mi). Originating in the Bayan Har Mountains in Qinghai Province in western China, it flows through nine provinces of China and empties into the Bohai Sea. The Yellow River basin has an east-west extent of 1900 km (1,180 mi) and a north-south extent of 1100 km (684 mi). Its total basin area is 742,443 km² (290,520 mi²).
The Yellow River is called "the cradle of Chinese civilization" as its basin – specifically, the Wei valley that cuts across the long Ordos loop – was the birthplace of ancient Chinese civilizations and the most prosperous region in early Chinese history. However, frequent devastating floods and course changes produced by the continual elevation of the river bed, sometimes above the level of its surrounding fields has also earned it the unenviable names "China's Sorrow" and "Scourge of the Sons of Han."

wn.com/Yellow_River

Frederick Catherwood
Frederick Catherwood (27 February 1799 – 27 September 1854) was an English artist and architect, best remembered for his meticulously detailed drawings of the ruins of the Maya civilization. He explored Mesoamerica in the mid 19th century with writer John Lloyd Stephens. Their books, Incidents of Travel in Central America, Chiapas and Yucatán and Incidents of Travel in Yucatán, were best sellers and introduced to the Western world the civilization of the ancient Maya.
Catherwood, having made many trips to the Mediterranean between 1824 and 1832 to draw the monuments made by the Egyptians, Carthaginians, and Phoenicians, stated that the monuments in the Americas bear no architectural similarity to those in the Old World. Thus, they must have been made by the native people of the area.
Catherwood made visits to Greece, Turkey, Egypt, and Palestine and with Joseph Bonomi the Younger made drawings and watercolors of the ancient remains there. During a six-week period in 1833, Catherwood was probably the first Westerner to make a detailed survey of the Dome of the Rock in Jerusalem.

wn.com/Frederick_Catherwood
Hongwu Emperor
The Hongwu Emperor (Chinese: 洪武帝; Wade–Giles: Hung-wu Ti; 21 October 1328 – 24 June 1398), known variably by his given name Zhu Yuanzhang (Chinese: 朱元璋; Wade–Giles: Chu Yuan-chang) and by his temple name Taizu of Ming (Chinese: 明太祖; literally "Great Ancestor of Ming"), was the founder and first emperor of the Ming Dynasty of China. His era name, Hongwu, means "vastly martial".
In the middle of the 14th century, with famine, plagues and peasant revolts sweeping across China, Zhu became a leader of an army that conquered China, ending the Yuan Dynasty and forcing the Mongols to retreat to the Mongolian steppes. With his seizure of the Yuan capital (present-day Beijing), he claimed the Mandate of Heaven and established the Ming Dynasty in 1368.
Zhu Yuanzhang was born in a poor peasant family in a village in Zhongli (鍾離, present day Fengyang, Anhui). His father was Zhu Shizhen (朱世珍, original name Zhu Wusi 朱五四) and his mother was Chen Erniang. He had seven older siblings, several of whom were "given away" by his parents, as they did not have enough food to support the family. When he was 16, the Yellow River broke its banks and flooded the lands where his family lived. Subsequently, a plague killed his family, except one brother.

wn.com/Hongwu_Emperor
Kul Tigin
Kul Tigin (Old Turkic:, Kultegin, (闕特勒/阙特勤, Pinyin: quètèqín, Wade-Giles: chüeh-t'e-ch'in, ? - 575 AD) was a general of the Second Turkic Kaganate. He was a second son of Ilterish Shad and the younger brother of Bilge Kagan.
During the reign of Mochuo Kagan, Kul Tigin and his older brother earned reputation for their military prowess. They defeated Kyrgyz, Turgesh, and Karluks, extending the Kaganate territory all the way to the Iron Gates (modern day Derbent in Dagestan). They also subjugated all nine of the Tokuz Oguz tribes.
Upon the death of Mochuo Kagan, Mochuo's son attempted to illegally ascend to the throne, defying the traditional Lateral succession law, but Kül-Tegin refused to recognize the takeover. He raised an army, attacked, and killed Mochuo's son and his trusted followers. He raised his elder brother Mojilian, who took the title Bilge (The Wise) Kagan, and took the title of Shad, an equivalent of commander-in-chief of the army for himself.
In 731 Kül-Tegin fell ill and died. A stele in memory of Kul Tigin, which included inscriptions in both the Turkic and Chinese, was erected at his memorial complex at the present site of Khöshöö-Tsaidam-2. Kül-Tegin is also mentioned in the inscription erected in memory of his older brother Bilge Kagan at the neighbouring site of Khöshöö-Tsaidam-1.

wn.com/Kul_Tigin
Li Si
Li Si (Chinese: 李斯; pinyin: Lǐ Sī; Wade–Giles: Li Ssu) (ca. 280 BC – September or October 208 BC) was the influential Prime Minister (or Chancellor) of the feudal state and later of the dynasty of Qin, between 246 BC and 208 BC. A famous Legalist, he was also a notable calligrapher. Li Si served under two rulers: Qin Shi Huang, king of Qin and later First Emperor of China—and his son, Qin Er Shi. A powerful minister, he was central to the state's policies, including those on military conquest, draconian centralization of state control, standardization of weights, measures and the written script, and persecution of Confucianism and opponents of Legalism. His methods of administration of China is seen by some as being an early form of totalitarianism.
Li Si was originally from Shang Cai (上蔡) in the State of Chu. As a young man he was a minor functionary in the local administration of Chu. According to the Records of the Great Historian, one day Li Si observed that rats in the outhouse were dirty and hungry but the rats in the barnhouse were well fed. He suddenly realized that "there is no set standard for honor since everyone's life is different. The values of people are determined by their social status. And like rats, people's social status often depends purely on the random life events around them. And so instead of always being restricted by moral codes, people should do what they deemed best at the moment." He made up his mind to take up politics as a career, which was a common choice for scholars not from a noble family during the Warring States Period.

wn.com/Li_Si
Olmec
The Olmec were the first major civilization in Mexico. They lived in the tropical lowlands of south-central Mexico, in the modern-day states of Veracruz and Tabasco.
The Olmec flourished during Mesoamerica's Formative period, dating roughly from as early as 1500 BCE to about 400 BCE. Pre-Olmec cultures had flourished in the area since about 2500 BCE, but by 1600-1500 BCE Early Olmec culture had emerged centered around the San Lorenzo Tenochtitlán site near the coast in southeast Veracruz. They were the first Mesoamerican civilization and laid many of the foundations for the civilizations that followed. Among other "firsts", the Olmec appeared to practice ritual bloodletting and played the Mesoamerican ballgame, hallmarks of nearly all subsequent Mesoamerican societies.
The most familiar aspect of the Olmecs is their artwork, particularly the aptly named "colossal heads". The Olmec civilization was first defined through artifacts which collectors purchased on the pre-Columbian art market in the late 19th century and early 20th century. Olmec artworks are considered among ancient America's most striking.

wn.com/Olmec
Peter Eisenman
Peter Eisenman (born August 11, 1932 in Newark, New Jersey) is an American architect. Eisenman's professional work is often referred to as formalist, deconstructive, late avant-garde, late or high modernist, etc. A certain fragmenting of forms visible in some of Eisenman's projects has been identified as characteristic of an eclectic group of architects that were (self-)labeled as deconstructivists, and who were featured in an exhibition by the same name at the Museum of Modern Art. The heading also refers to the storied relationship and collaborations between Peter Eisenman and post-structuralist thinker Jacques Derrida.

wn.com/Peter_Eisenman

Deepcentral - O stea

published: 07 Jan 2013

author: DeepcentralVEVO

Hara - Plouă Stele

Un cîntec frumos...:)...

published: 23 Oct 2010

author: Katherine0862

ELENA GHEORGHE - Pana la Stele (Original Version)

ELENA GHEORGHE - Pana la Stele...

published: 16 Sep 2008

author: catmusicoffice

Celia - Printre Stele

Clip made by fan for Celia's song "Printre Stele". More videos at video.acasa.ro Enjoy!...

published: 09 Apr 2008

author: kiw100

Keed feat. Zhao & Tranda - Praf de Stele (Prod. de Dallas)

KeeD : www.facebook.com Zhao: www.facebook.com Tranda: www.facebook.com VIDEO By: SEGA @Fr...

published: 08 Aug 2012

author: FRATEGRAFIA

vita de vie - praf de stele

praf de stele...

published: 09 Nov 2007

author: sawreeed

Eva Kiss - E scris in stele (live)

www.salutmagazin.com...

published: 07 Apr 2010

author: dulapiorulHD

Criss Blaziny - STELE / ft Tranda

www.facebook.com Comanda albumul de aici shop.hiphopkulture.ro Piesa extrasa de pe albumul...

published: 10 Jul 2010

author: blablamusic

Elena Gheorghe - Pana la stele (Official Video)

published: 09 Mar 2009

author: ElenaGheorgheOficial

Elena Gheorghe - Pina La stele

...

published: 15 Mar 2009

author: CONSTANTIN TARCAN

E SCRIS IN STELE EVA KISS

E SCRIS IN STELE EVA KISS...

published: 02 Mar 2010

author: arowana2a

TITO SCHIPA e lucevan le stele.

We discovered this video in the trash can of a neighbor and viewed it and to our dismay we...

published: 08 Feb 2009

author: JUAN R

Codu Penal - Pana la stele.

Codu' Penal - Pana la stele. ~BAF~...

published: 30 Nov 2009

author: Alessandro Michele

Hara - Ploua Stele

...

published: 01 May 2009

author: Daniel Mihail Constantinescu

The Sexaholic - Official Trailer; starring Slim K

The Sexaholic - movie trailer, written and directed by Will (William) Goodson, starring Sl...

published: 12 Sep 2010

author: Slim Khezri

stele bed

Well, hard to say... I don't even know myself why I've done this. I've done it. What would...

published: 16 Dec 2008

author: Egan Wel

Steles

Steles (Waterworks) installation, Olympic Park 2012 Keith Wilson A film by David Bickers...

published: 18 Mar 2012

author: David Bickerstaff

Jogo 24/06/2011 45mn

published: 28 Sep 2011

author: steles

<li class="playlistitemli thumbnail border_color bgr_color_content font_color">
        <div class="video_facebook">
            <a href="http://web.archive.org./web/20130209184033/http://www.facebook.com/sharer.php?u=http://wn.com/stele&t=<%= title %>" title="Share this video" data-title="Share this video" target="_blank" style="target-name: new; target-new: tab;"></a>
        </div>

photo: WN / Janice Sabnal

US north-east battered by 'historic' snowstorm

BBC News

09 Feb 2013

Thick snow is blanketing the north-eastern US as a major storm cuts power to thousands of homes and plays havoc with transport schedules. Massachusetts, Rhode Island, New York, Connecticut and Maine are all on an emergency footing, with millions of residents being warned to stay indoors. Massachusetts Governor Deval Patrick has temporarily banned all non-essential traffic on the state's roads ... Worse to come? ... Stay home." ... Light....(size: 5.7Kb)

photo: WN / Imran Nissar

Activists of the Jammu and Kashmir Mass Movement (JKMM) shouting anti-India slogans during a protest in support of clemency for Mohammad Afzal Guru in Srinagar on December 13, 2012. Indian police detained some half a dozen activists during the protest. Fellow Kashmiri, Mohammad Afzal Guru was sentenced to death by an Indian court after being found guilty of being involved in the 13 September 2001 attack on India's Parliament House in New Delhi. The protestors appealed to the President to commute the death sentence of Guru and reinvestigate the case.

India hangs man for 2001 attack on Parliament

The Guardian

09 Feb 2013

NEW DELHI (AP) — Indian news channels are reporting that a Kashmiri man convicted in the 2001 attack on India's Parliament has been hanged ... World news. Last 24 hours....(size: 5.9Kb)

photo: White House / Pete Souza

President Barack Obama signs an accompanying letter to Congressional leaders after signing H.R. 152, which provides fiscal year 2013 supplemental appropriations to respond to and recover from the severe damage caused by Hurricane Sandy, in the Diplomatic Reception Room of the White House, Jan. 29, 2013.

Liberal in domestic issues, Obama a hawk on war

Dayton Daily News

09 Feb 2013

For all of his liberal positions on the environment, taxes and health care, President Barack Obama is a hawk when it comes to the war on terror. From deadly drones to secret interrogations to withholding evidence in terror lawsuits, Obama's Democratic White House has followed the path of his predecessor, Republican President George W. Bush. The U.S ... 11, 2001 ... His confirmation was delayed for three weeks and nearly derailed ... soil ... security....(size: 9.1Kb)

photo: Creative Commons / Adam Moss

Route 27 in Highland Park during the February 9–10, 2010 North American blizzard. Upon entering Highland Park, Route 27 becomes two-lane Raritan Avenue, intersecting County Route 622 (River Road) and continuing through the downtown area of Highland Park.

Blizzard threatens New England; 1 to 2 feet feared

The Tribune San Luis Obispo

07 Feb 2013

Juror in Texas case wishes he heard more evidence. 12 minutes ago. Blizzard threatens New England; 1 to 2 feet feared. 17 minutes ago. UN. US air raids kill hundreds of Afghan children. 27 minutes ago. Ohio Amish set for sentencing in beard attacks. 44 minutes ago. Add-ons let semi-autos fire like military weapons. 1 hour ago. Deals!. View All. . . . . . ... St ... ....(size: 15.7Kb)

photo: AP / World Vision

The destroyed Venga village following a Tsunami Wednesday Feb. 6, 2013, in Temotu province, Solomon Islands.

Solomon Islands tsunami: Death toll rises to nine

NZ Herald

07 Feb 2013

Aid workers struggled to reach remote, tsunami-ravaged villages in the Solomon Islands on Thursday, as the death toll rose with more bodies found in wrecked homes and debris in the South Pacific island chain ... Around 100 homes across five villages were damaged or destroyed ... Three more bodies were found Thursday, but Herming said details of how those victims died were not immediately available ... - AP. ....(size: 1.9Kb)

timeline:
2012
2011
2010
2009
2008
2007
2006
2005
2004
2003
2002
2001

Sun Yat-sen statue in 228 Incident park leads to complaints

Taipei Times

05 Feb 2013

A bronze statue of Republic of China founding father Sun Yat-sen (孫中山) in a park commemorating a 228 Incident hero is inappropriate, pro-localization groups said as they started a petition calling for the situation to be rectified ... The park should undergo general restructuring and suitable relocation of all statues, large or small, he said, adding that leaving a memorial stele in the place of a statue could also be an option ... ....(size: 2.5Kb)

Trip to Volgograd (The President of Russia)

noodls

02 Feb 2013

(Source. The President of Russia). 1/17Photo. the Presidential Press and Information OfficeVisit to the State Historical and Memorial Museum The Battle of Stalingrad on Mamayev Hill. February 2, 2013Full caption ... The President also laid a wreath at the Stele of Memory at the military memorial cemetery ... The President congratulated the veterans on this significant date....(size: 2.2Kb)

Preserving Vietnam’s documentary heritage (UNESCO - United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization)

noodls

31 Jan 2013

(Source. UNESCO - United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization) Preserving Vietnam's documentary heritage. An international workshop on UNESCO's Memory of the World Programme (MoW) took place on 8 January 2013 in Hanoi, Viet Nam ... Issues discussed at the workshop included ... Stone Stele Records of Royal Examinations of the Le and Mac Dynasties, and Woodblocks of Nguyen Dynasty. distributed by ... (noodl. 17392414) ....(size: 3.2Kb)

Rachel Caine talks ‘Shadowhunters and Downworlders’

The Examiner

30 Jan 2013

Cassandra Clare’s Internationally bestselling Mortal Instruments series inspires many things. Passionate fans, a new Hollywood movie franchise and various topics that affect both the vivid characters Clare creates and her fans in the real world ... Many cultures and societies have held similar beliefs in tattoos ... Enjoy it below. ... I always thought one of the coolest ideas in MI were the steles and how they were used ... Tell me about your books....(size: 8.7Kb)

Islam at the Louvre

Wall Street Journal

23 Jan 2013

By LEE LAWRENCE. Paris ... objects grouped in long glass cases; larger pieces—carved steles, inlaid doors, stone latticed windows—clustered on low pedestals; and architectural fragments affixed to partitions ... The installation also includes inspired touches ... In display after display, inscriptions proliferate on vessels, steles and architectural decorations, and we then walk downstairs and into the arts of the book ... *** ... Ms ... ....(size: 7.6Kb)

Turkey wages 'cultural war' in pursuit of its archaeological treasures

The Guardian

21 Jan 2013

Ankara accused of blackmailing museums into returning artefacts while allowing excavation sites to be destroyed ... Photograph. Imagebroker/Alamy ... Turkish officials are also at loggerheads with the Norbert Schimmel collection at the Metropolitan Museum of Art in New York over 18 objects they claim were illegally excavated, as well as with the British Museum in London over the Samsat Stele, a basalt slab from the 1st century BC ... He added ... ....(size: 8.5Kb)

China... and the way home

New Straits/Business Times

17 Jan 2013

Anis Ibrahim continues her rail adventure back to Kuala Lumpur from Nanning, China’s gateway to Southeast Asia. A STRONG gust is blowing but I can hardly feel it because I am sweating underneath my jacket. I am somewhere in the hills north of Beijing, China. This is like deja vu because once again, I am standing on the Great Wall ... Eight years ago, I flew in from Kuala Lumpur ... TICKETS ... The Southern Stele Pavilion at Niuji Mosque in Beijing....(size: 11.5Kb)

Tri, and try again – the Lake District's toughest triathlon

The Guardian

12 Jan 2013

The Ullswater area of the Lake District is our writer's favourite place in the world. But will he still love it after tackling the notoriously gruelling Helvellyn Triathlon? ... Helvellyn ... He would forget about it ... This secret lair had been decorated with statues cut from the marble that the Persians had brought with them in 490BC ready to carve a victory stele when they had defeated Athens, a triumph they conspicuously failed to achieve ... ....(size: 12.7Kb)

Madonna’s prayer, Saint Giovannino, and the UFO

The Examiner

08 Jan 2013

The churches of Europe are truly works of art. The buildings were meticulously planned and designed to display the awesome grandeur of God and His message ... Pisces the fish, two thousand years before our new Age of Aquarius, is embedded in these lead lined biblical stories ... - St ... 28 ... Frescos, stele, tapestries, illustrations, illuminations, pencil drawings, as well as oil paintings have shown these objects in a mostly religious context ... ....(size: 7.5Kb)

Mohammed’s life and achievements in tableau

Khaleej Times

03 Jan 2013

DUBAI - On the occasion of the seventh accession of His Highness Shaikh Mohammed bin Rashid Al Maktoum, Vice-President and Prime Minister of the UAE and Ruler of Dubai, the Government of Dubai Media Office (GDMO) and the Road and Transport Authority (RTA) on Thursday revealed a stele capturing His Highness’s life and achievements ...   . ....(size: 2.0Kb)

Hue royal tombs’ historic charm

The Saigon Times

24 Dec 2012

A fantastic view of Tu Duc Tomb. As a right of passage every tourist in the old capital visits the Hue royal tombs. And I bet none are disappointed with the ancient charms, vestiges of time and values of architecture and arts through ups and downs of history ... walls, triple gate (Tam Quan gate), salutation court, stele house, temples, lakes and ponds, pavilions, gardens, and finally the tomb ... Tourists visit Minh Mang Tomb in Hue City ... ....(size: 3.1Kb)

On Aleister Crowley’s Book of the Law motto “Do what thou wilt”—part 3 of 3 (Video)

The Examiner

21 Dec 2012

From the first segment, you may recall exhibit number 666; the Stele of Revealing which the war god tells Crowley to get and “set it in thy secret temple…it shall be your Kiblah for ever.” Kiblah is, in Islam, the direction of the Kaaba in Mecca which is the direction to which Muslims orient themselves for prayer. Thus, the stele 666 is to be the spiritual compass for the Crowley....(size: 14.1Kb)

Tourist boom boosts profits of doom

Orange News

21 Dec 2012

Tweet. Doomsday hour came and went - and it appears it isn't the end of the world ... It didn't happen. "This is not the end of the world ... ... Gabriel Romero, a Los-Angeles based practitioner of crystal skull channelling, was so sure it was not the end of the world that he planned a welcome ceremony for the new age at dawn on Saturday, when he will erect a stele, a stone monument used by the Mayans to commemorate important dates or events ... ....(size: 5.8Kb)

timeline:
2012
2011
2010
2009
2008
2007
2006
2005
2004
2003
2002
2001

This article is about the stone structure. For the usage in plant biology, see Stele (biology).

"Stela" redirects here. For the satellite bill called STELA, see Satellite Television Extension and Localism Act of 2010.

"Stone tablet" redirects here. For the Ten Commandments stone tablet, see Tablets of Stone.

Stele N from Copán, Honduras, depicting King K'ac Yipyaj Chan K'awiil ("Smoke Shell"), as drawn by Frederick Catherwood in 1839

Ancient Greek funerary stele of Thrasea and Euandria. Marble, ca. 375-350 BC. Antikensammlung Berlin, Pergamon Museum, 738

A stele ( /ˈstiːliː/, historically /ˈstiːl/; Greek: στήλη stēlē; plural: στήλες stēlēz),^[1] also stela (plural stelae /ˈstiːlaɪ/) Latin,^[1] is a stone or wooden slab, generally taller than it is wide, erected for funerals or commemorative purposes, most usually decorated with the names and titles of the deceased or living — inscribed, carved in relief (bas-relief, sunken-relief, high-relief, and so forth), or painted onto the slab. It can also be used as a territorial marker to delineate land ownership.

1 History
- 1.1 China
2 Notable stelae
3 Gallery
4 See also
5 References
6 External links

History [link]

Stelae were also used as territorial markers, as the boundary stelae of Akhenaton at Amarna,^[2] or to commemorate military victories.^[3] They were widely used in the Ancient Near East, Mesopotamia, Greece, Egypt, Ethiopia, and, most likely independently, in China and elsewhere in the Far East, and, more surely independently, by Mesoamerican civilisations, notably the Olmec^[4] and Maya.^[5] The huge number of stelae surviving from ancient Egypt and in Central America constitute one of the largest and most significant sources of information on those civilisations. An informative stele of Tiglath-Pileser III is preserved in the British Museum. Two stelae built into the walls of a church are major documents relating to the Etruscan language.

Unfinished standing stones, set up without inscriptions from Libya in North Africa to Scotland were monuments of pre-literate Megalithic cultures in the Late Stone Age. The Pictish stones of Scotland, often intricately carved, date from between the 6th and 9th centuries.

An obelisk is a specialized kind of stele. The Insular high crosses of Ireland and Britain are specialized stelae. Likewise, the Totem pole of North and South America is a type of stelae. Gravestones with inscribed epitaph are also kinds of stelae.

Most recently, in the Memorial to the Murdered Jews of Europe in Berlin, the architect Peter Eisenman created a field of some 2,700 blank stelae.^[6] The memorial is meant to be read not only as the field, but also as an erasure of data that refer to memory of the Holocaust.

China [link]

Stelae (Chinese: 碑; pinyin: béi) have been the major medium of stone inscription in China since the Tang dynasty.^[7] Chinese stelae are generally rectangular stone tablets upon which Chinese characters are carved intaglio with a funerary, commemorative, or edifying text. They can commemorate talented writers and officials, inscribe poems, portraits, or maps, and frequently contain the calligraphy of famous historical figures.^[8]

Chinese stelae from before the Tang dynasty are rare: there are a handful from before the Qin dynasty, roughly a dozen from the Western Han, 160 from the Eastern Han, and several hundred from the Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern dynasties, and Sui dynasty.^[9] During the Han dynasty, tomb inscriptions (Chinese: 墓誌; pinyin: mùzhì) containing biographical information on deceased people began to be written on stone tablets rather than wooden ones.^[9]

Erecting stelae at tombs or temples eventually became a widespread social and religious phenomenon. Emperors found it necessary to promulgate laws, regulating the use of funerary stelae by the population. The Ming Dynasty laws, instituted in the 14th century by its founder the Hongwu Emperor, listed a number of stele types available as status symbols to various ranks of the nobility and officialdom: the top noblemen and mandarins were eligible for stelae installed on top of a stone tortoise and crowned with hornless dragons, while the lower-level officials had to be satisfied with steles with plain rounded tops, standing on simple rectangular pedestals.^[10]

Stelae are found at nearly every significant mountain and historical site in China. The First Emperor made five tours of his domain in the third century BC and had Li Si make seven stone inscriptions commemorating and praising his work, of which fragments of two survive.^[11] One of the most famous mountain stelae is the 13 m (43 ft) high stele at Mount Tai with the personal calligraphy of Emperor Xuanzong of Tang commemorating his imperial sacrifices there in 725.^[11]

A number of such stone monuments have preserved the origin and history of China's minority religious communities. The 8th-century Christians of Xi'an left behind the Nestorian Stele, which survived adverse events of the later history by being buried underground for several centuries. Steles created by the Kaifeng Jews in 1489, 1512, and 1663, have survived the repeated flooding of the Yellow River that destroyed their synagogue several times, to tell us something about their world. China's Muslim have a number of steles of considerable antiquity as well, often containing both Chinese and Arabic text.

Thousands of steles, surplus to the original requirements, and no longer associated with the person they were erected for or to, have been assembled in Xi'an's Stele Forest Museum, which is a popular tourist attraction. Elsewhere, many unwanted steles can also be found in selected places in Beijing, such as Dong Yue Miao, the Five Pagoda Temple, and the Bell Tower, again assembled to attract tourists and also as a means of solving the problem faced by local authorities of what to do with them. The long, wordy, and detailed inscriptions on these steles are almost impossible to read for most are lightly engraved on white marble in characters only an inch or so in size, thus being difficult to see since the slabs are often ten or more feet tall.

There are more than 100,000 surviving stone inscriptions in China, but only approximately 30,000 have been transcribed or had rubbings made, and fewer than those 30,000 have been formally studied.^[9]

Notable stelae [link]

File:Composite kaifeng stone inscriptions.JPG

Chinese ink rubbings of the 1489 (left) and 1512 (right) stelae left by the Kaifeng Jews.

Victory stele of Naram-Sin, a 23rd century BC Mesopotamian king.

Axumite Stele
Stele of Naram-Sin
Code of Hammurabi
Gwanggaeto Stele
Kul Tigin memorial stele inscribed in Chinese and Turkic
Nestorian Stele
Ukrainian stone stela
Lemnos stela
Lapis Niger
For Israel/Egypt:
- Merneptah Stele
- Mesha Stele
For Egypt:
For Sub-Saharan Africa:
- Axumite Stele
- Gao-Saney
In the Western Hemisphere:
- Peru: Raimondi Stela
- Mexico: Stela C at Tres Zapotes
- Mexico: Izapa Stela 5
- Mexico: La Mojarra Stela 1
- Guatemala: Stele 14 from Piedras Negras
- Honduras: Stele H from Copan
Vietnam: the Doctorate stelae at the Temple of Literature

Gallery [link]

Anthropomorphic stele no 25, Sion, Petit-Chasseur necropolis, Neolithic
Ancient Egyptian funerary stele
Healing stele of Horus-(a Cippus of Horus). Ptolemaic dynasty, c. 305-30 BC.
Sueno's Stone in Forres, Scotland
Maya stela, Quirigua
Kildalton Cross 800 AD Islay, Scotland
Cantabrian stelae 200 BC Cantabria, Spain
The Rosetta Stone in the British Museum
A Buddhist Stele from China, Northern Wei period, built in the early 6th century
Scythian 5th–4th c.BC. Salbyk kurgan surrounded by balbals with kurgan obelisk on the top. Upper Enisey-Irtysh interfluvial
Shaolinstele.jpg

1517 Shaolin stele dedicated to the mythical legend of Vajrapani's defeat of the Red Turban rebels. The Bodhisattva Guanyin (his original form) can be seen in the clouds above his head.^[12]
Stele from Philippi Archeology Museum

References [link]

Citations

^ ^a ^b Oxford English Dictionary
^ Memoirs By Egypt Exploration Society Archaeological Survey of Egypt 1908, p. 19
^ e.g., Piye's victory stela (M. Lichtheim, Ancient Egyptian Literature Vol 3, The University of California Press 1980, pp.66ff) or Shalmaneser's stela at Saluria (Boardman, op.cit, p.335)
^ Pool, op.cit., p.265
^ Pool, op.cit., p.277
^ Till (2005): 168.
^ Endymion Wilkinson, Chinese History: A Manual (Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard-Yenching Institute, 2000): 436.
^ Wilkinson (2000): 436-437.
^ ^a ^b ^c Wilkinson (2000): 437.
^ de Groot, Jan Jakob Maria (1892), The Religious System of China, II, Brill Archive, pp. 451–452, http://www.archive.org/stream/religioussystem01groogoog#page/n105/mode/1up .
^ ^a ^b Wilkinson (2000): 438.
^ Shahar, Meir. The Shaolin Monastery: History, Religion, and the Chinese Martial Arts. Honolulu: University of Hawai'i Press, 2008 (ISBN 0824831101), pp. 35-36

Bibliography

Boardman, John, ed. The Cambridge Ancient History, Part 1, 2nd Edition, (ISBN 9780521224963 | ISBN 0-521-22496-9)
Pool, Christopher A. Olmec Archaeology and Early Mesoamerica. Cambridge University Press, 2007 (ISBN 9780521783125)
Till, Karen E. The New Berlin: Memory, Politics, Place. University of Minnesota Press, 2005
Wilkinson, Endymion (2000), Chinese History: A Manual (2nd ed.), Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard-Yenching Institute, ISBN 0674002490.

External links [link]

Funerary Stela

http://wn.com/Stele

http://it.wn.com/Stele

http://cs.wn.com/Stéla

http://id.wn.com/Prasasti

http://es.wn.com/Estela (monumento)

http://ru.wn.com/Стела

http://nl.wn.com/Stele

http://pt.wn.com/Estela

http://pl.wn.com/Stela

http://fr.wn.com/Stèle

http://de.wn.com/Stele

This page contains text from Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stele

This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, which means that you can copy and modify it as long as the entire work (including additions) remains under this license.

Elena
Elena Gheorghe in Moscow, Russia in May, 2009
Background information
Birth name	Elena Gheorghe
Also known as	Elena
Born	(1985-07-30) July 30, 1985 (age 26)
Origin	Bucharest, Romania
Genres	Pop, Latino
Occupations	Singer
Instruments	vocal
Years active	2005–present
Labels	Cat Music, Major
Associated acts	Mandinga, Laurentiu Duta, Dony
Website	http://elenagheorghe.ro/
Notable instruments
Vocals

Elena Gheorghe (born July 30, 1985; Romanian pronunciation: [eˈle.na ˈɡe̯orɡe]) is a Romanian singer of Aromanian descent. She was born to a Priest and and his wife in the village of Clinceni next to Bucharest. She started her musical career as part of a duo along with Adela Popescu. In the first half of the 2000s she joined latin group Mandinga with whom she released a couple of albums and a few hit singles. In 2006 she separated from the group and pursued her solo career. She released two albums and scored a top ten in the Romanian Top 100 with the debut single "Vocea ta" (Your Voice). After an internal selection, Gheorghe was elected to represent Romania in the Eurovision Song Contest 2009 with the song "The Balkan Girls" wrote by Laurentiu Duta. She came the second in the voting result, but as the jury voted for her, she won the National Final. At Eurovision, in Moscow she qualified for the Grand Final where she came the nineteenth after accumulating a total of 40 points (12 points from Moldova). After Eurovision she became more famous Europe-wide and released her signature song "Disco Romancing" which was a smash hit in Romania as well as a top-ten in Hungary and a mild success in Czech Republic, Netherlands, Poland or Slovakia. The following single "Midnight Sun" was a top-ten success in the Dutch Top 40 and in the Romanian Top 100. In 2011 she collaborated with Dony and released the single "Hot Girls" which once again charted troughout Europe. The same year she had her first European tour, getting to Germany, Spain or Greece. In the summer she got engaged with her producer and before Christmas she gave birth to a boy named Nicolas. Her latest single is called "Your Captain Tonight".

1 Early life and career beginnings
2 Career
3 Discography
- 3.1 Studio albums
- 3.2 Singles
4 References
5 External links

Early life and career beginnings [link]

Elena Gheorghe was born on July 30, 1985 in the village of Clinceni next to Bucharest, the capital city of Bucharest in the family of priest Gheorghe Gheorghe. Many of her ancestors were Orthodox priests. Elena has a sister, Ana, who is a journalist and her brother, Costin, plays football for Sportul Studenţesc. Her mother, Mărioara Gheorghe is a folk artist. Elena debuted on the folk music scene with her when just three years of age with the song Sus în Deal în Poieniţă.

At age 11 she joined the Children's National Palace where she took singing lessons. In 2000 she won the gold trophy Little Bear (in Baia Mare) with One Moment In Time by Whitney Houston. In 2001 she participated in the Mamaia Festival. Elena Gheorghe is of both Romanian and Macedonian Aromanian background.^[1]^[2]

Career [link]

2002—05: Career as part of Mandinga [link]

Elena started singing with Mandinga, a very successful band in the 'Latino'genre in early 2003. In June that year, Mandinga released their first album – ...De Corazón. Mandinga was placed 4th in the Romanian National Eurovision Selection in March 2005 with the song My Sun which was awarded a golden disc one year later. In January 2006, she opened her own dance school called Passitos and a month later ended the collaboration with Mandinga, starting her solo career with the help of musical producer Laurenţiu Duţă.

2006—08: Solo career beginnings [link]

In June 2006 Elena released her first solo album, entitled Your Voice.In March 2007 Elena won the prize Radio România Actualitaţi for best performing act in 2006 and was nominated for the Best Song of 2006 section with the song Your Voice. In August 2007 at the Romanian Top Hit Music Awards, Elena won the award for Best Song of 2007, with the song Your Brown Eyes. Some of her songs are sung in aromanian language as Ma ţi s-adar, Lilicea Vreariei, and others.

2009: Eurovision Song Contest [link]

Elena attending a meeting in Moscow after the Eurovision Song Contest 2009 semi-final.

In late 2008, songwriter Laurentiu Duta offered Elena a song to submit in the Romanian pre-selection for the Eurovision Song Contest. Right after New Year's Eve 2009 it was announced that Gheorghe was one of 24 semi-finalists. She competed in the semi-final and then passed to the National Final on January 31, 2009. There she came second after televoting but the jury helped her win the selection thus representing Romania in the Eurovision Song Contest 2009 with the song "The Balkan Girls". She started a promo tour allover Europe from February to May. Meanwhile, the song was already setting records as in became the first Eurovision song to be a number-one in the Romanian Top 100 and Elena's first number-one there. The song was performed in the second half of the first semi-final on May 12 in Moscow, Russia where it was in the first top ten positions, at number-nine with 67 points. She preceded towards the Grand Final of May 16. Then it was performed the twenty-second song of the evening and Gheorghe presented a concept show about wooden fairies called Iele in Romania. She came the nineteenth that night gaining forty points including 12 points from Moldova, 7 points from Spain, five from Turkey and Macedonia, etc.^[3]

2010—present: European recognition and motherhood [link]

Discography [link]

Studio albums [link]

2006 Vocea Ta
2008 Lilicea Vreariei
2008 Te Ador
TBA Midnight Sun

Singles [link]

List of singles, with selected chart positions
Title	Year	Peak chart positions				Album
Title	Year	ROM ^[4]	NLD ^[5]	SVK ^[6]	UK ^[7]	Album
"Vocea ta"	2006	8	—	—	—	Vocea ta
"Ochii tăi căprui"	2007	21	—	—	—	Vocea ta
"Te ador"	2008	24	—	—	—	Te ador
"Până la stele"	2008	—	—	—	—
"The Balkan Girls"	2009	1	—	—	172
"Disco Romancing"	2010	1	19	24	199	Midnight Sun
"Midnight Sun"	2010	5	9	61	—
"Hot Girls" (with Dony)	2011	12	—	35 ^[8]	—
"Your Captain Tonight"	2011	—	95	38	—
"Amar tu Vida"	2012	—	—	—	—
"—" denotes single that did not chart or was not released

References [link]

^ Biography of Elena Gheorghe on her official website.
^ Report from Cotidianul newspaper
^ http://www.eurovision.tv
^ "Romanian Charts". http://romaniantop100.blogspot.com/2012/01/statistics-inna.html. Retrieved 2012-01-07.
^ "Dutch Top 40 > Elena" (in Dutch). Stichting Nederlandse Top 40. http://www.top40.nl/search.aspx?keyword=elena. Retrieved 2011-09-05.
^ Kvasnička, Matúš (2010-04-19). "Forget About Aurel: The Slovak IFPI Is Finishing". PRAVDA. PEREX. kultura.pravda.sk. http://kultura.pravda.sk/zabudnite-na-aurela-slovenska-ifpi-konci-ffq-/sk_khudba.asp?c=A100418_145945_sk_khudba_p46. Retrieved 2011-04-20. (Slovak)
^ "UK Charts > Elena". Official Charts Company. http://www.theofficialcharts.com/artist/_/inna/. Retrieved 2011-09-05.
^ http://www.ifpicr.cz/hitparadask/index.php?a=titul&hitparada=18&titul=146741&sec=849148434828c4658b78a5c0d3ddd3dc

External links [link]

Preceded by Nico & Vlad with "Pe-o margine de lume"	Romania in the Eurovision Song Contest 2009	Succeeded by Paula Seling & Ovi with "Playing with Fire"

Persondata
Name	Gheorghe, Elena
Alternative names
Short description
Date of birth	1985-07-30
Place of birth
Date of death
Place of death

http://wn.com/Elena_Gheorghe

http://it.wn.com/Elena Gheorghe

http://id.wn.com/Elena Gheorghe

http://es.wn.com/Elena Gheorghe

http://ru.wn.com/Георге, Елена

http://nl.wn.com/Elena Gheorghe

http://pt.wn.com/Elena Gheorghe

http://pl.wn.com/Elena Gheorghe

http://fr.wn.com/Elena Gheorghe

http://de.wn.com/Elena Gheorghe

This page contains text from Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elena_Gheorghe

This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, which means that you can copy and modify it as long as the entire work (including additions) remains under this license.

Tito Schipa.

Tito Schipa (27 December 1888 – 16 December 1965) was an Italian tenor. He is considered one of the finest tenori di grazia in operatic history. He was endowed with a natural, sensuous voice which he deployed with great intelligence and taste.

Biography [link]

Schipa was born Raffaele Attilio Amedeo Schipa in Lecce into an Arbëreshë family^[1]; his birthday was recorded as January 2, 1889 for military conscription purposes.^[2] He studied in Milan and made his operatic debut at age 21 in 1910 at Vercelli. He subsequently appeared throughout Italy and in Buenos Aires in Argentina. In 1917, he created the role of Ruggiero in Puccini's La rondine.

In 1919, Schipa travelled to the United States, joining the Chicago Opera Company. He remained with the Chicago company until 1932, whereupon he appeared at the New York Metropolitan Opera from 1932 to 1935, and again in 1941. He also sang at the San Francisco Opera, beginning in 1924.

From 1929 to 1949 he performed regularly in Italy, including at La Scala, Milan and the Rome Opera. He returned to Buenos Aires to sing in 1954. In 1957, he toured the Soviet Union.

Schipa's artistry is preserved on film. For example, in 1929 he appeared in a Vitaphone movie short, singing "M'appari tutt'amor" from Flotow's opera Martha.

Schipa's stage repertoire, which in his early career had encompassed a wide range of Verdi and Puccini roles, eventually contracted to about 20 congenial Italian and French operatic roles, including Massenet's Werther, Donizetti's L'elisir d'amore and Cilea's L'arlesiana. In concert, Schipa performed a preferred array of lyrical operatic arias and songs, including Neapolitan and Spanish popular songs. He delivered each of them with an infectious spirit and a refined sense of style.

Schipa made numerous audio recordings of arias and songs during his career, beginning in Italy in 1913. His recorded output included a famous 78-rpm set of Donizetti's Don Pasquale, made in 1932. This was one of the earliest complete opera recordings and it is still in circulation on CD.

Like his contemporary Richard Tauber, Tito Schipa was an early exponent of that rare breed of tenor who also conducts. (Latterly, Plácido Domingo carries on that tradition.) Although some contemporary critics considered Schipa's voice to be small in size, restricted in range and slightly husky in timbre, he was still capable of provoking intense public outpourings of support among his legion of fans. These fans were enthralled by Schipa's superior musicianship, as well as by his winning personality and his ability to breathe life into even the most trite song or hackneyed aria. Michael Scott (The Record of Singing: 1978), while admiring Schipa's charm and taste, points out that it is not correct to say that Schipa was a master of bel canto; indeed Scott and others regard Schipa's recording of "Il mio tesoro" from Mozart's Don Giovanni as one of the worst ever made, with sloppy runs and sketchy ornamentation. To be fair Schipa himself did not claim to be an exponent of the bel canto style.

Although he undertook concert engagements until 1962, Schipa retired from the operatic stage in 1958 to teach voice, firstly in Budapest. He died from diabetes in 1965 at the age of 77 in New York City, while teaching there.

He was a National Patron of Delta Omicron, an international professional music fraternity.^[3]

References [link]

Tito Schipa (Grandi Tenori.com) - GrandiTenori's site on Schipa.

External links [link]

Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Tito Schipa

TitoSchipa.it - English version of the Italian site run by the Schipa family.
Tito Schipa at the Internet Movie Database.
YouTube - Tito Schipa sings "Una furtiva lagrima" from L'elisir D'amore - A 1929 video of Schipa singing the aria "Una furtiva lagrima" from Gaetano Donizetti's L'elisir D'amore.
History of the Tenor - Sound Clips and Narration

Persondata
Name	Schipa, Tito
Alternative names
Short description
Date of birth	27 December 1888
Place of birth
Date of death	16 December 1965
Place of death

This page contains text from Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tito_Schipa

This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, which means that you can copy and modify it as long as the entire work (including additions) remains under this license.

Playlist

Film Summary

Make changes yourself !

Contents

Related pages:

Contents

Related pages:

Related pages: