Emir

Thursday, 31 January 2013

Emir - Prijedor - Saban - Kraljice srca moga

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Afghanistan
Afghanistan ⁱ/æfˈɡænɨstæn/ (Persian/Pashto: افغانستان, Afġānistān), officially the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan, is a landlocked country located in the centre of Asia, forming part of South Asia, Central Asia, and Greater Middle East, it is also considered to be part of a broader West Asia. With a population of about 29 million, it has an area of 647,500 km² (250,001 sq mi), making it the 42nd most populous and 41st largest nation in the world. It is bordered by Pakistan in the south and the east, Iran in the west, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan and Tajikistan in the north, and China in the far northeast.
Afghanistan has been an ancient focal point of the Silk Road and human migration. Archaeologists have found evidence of human habitation from as far back as 50,000 BC. Urban civilization may have begun in the area as early as 3,000 to 2,000 BC. Sitting at an important geostrategic location that connects the Middle East with Central Asia and the Indian subcontinent, the land has been home to various peoples through the ages and witnessed many military campaigns, notably by Alexander the Great, Genghis Khan, and in modern era Western forces. The land also served as a source from which the Greco-Bactrians, Kushans, Saffarids, Ghaznavids, Ghorids, Timurids, Mughals and many others have risen to form major empires.

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Bukhara
Bukhara (Tajik: Бухоро Bukhoro, Persian: بخارا; Uzbek: Buxoro; Russian: Бухара Bukhara), from the Soghdian βuxārak ("lucky place"), is the capital of the Bukhara Province (viloyat) of Uzbekistan. The nation's fifth-largest city, it has a population of 263,400 (2009 census estimate). The region around Bukhara has been inhabited for at least five millennia, and the city has existed for half that time. Located on the Silk Road, the city has long been a center of trade, scholarship, culture, and religion. The historic center of Bukhara, which contains numerous mosques and madrassas, has been listed by UNESCO as a World Heritage Site. Ethnic Uzbek may constitute the largest element in Bukhara, with the native Tajiks being as numerous. The city long has had a mixed population including Jews and other ethnic minorities.
Bukhara was known as Bokhara in 19th and early 20th century English publications and as Buhe/Puhe（捕喝） in Tang Chinese.
Persian-speaking Soghdians inhabited the area, and some centuries later the Persian language became dominant among them. Encyclopædia Iranica mentions that the name Bukhara is possibly derived from the Soghdian βuxārak (Place of Good Fortune).

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Egypt
Egypt ⁱ/ˈiːdʒɪpt/ (Arabic: مصر, Miṣr, Egyptian Arabic: [mɑsˤɾ] ; Coptic: Ⲭⲏⲙⲓ, Kīmi ; Sahidic Coptic: ⲕⲏⲙⲉ, Kēme), officially the Arab Republic of Egypt, Arabic: جمهوريّة مصر العربيّة (help·info), is a country mainly in North Africa, with the Sinai Peninsula forming a land bridge in Southwest Asia. Egypt is thus a transcontinental country, and a major power in Africa, the Mediterranean Basin, the Middle East and the Muslim world. Covering an area of about 1,010,000 square kilometers (390,000 sq mi), Egypt is bordered by the Mediterranean Sea to the north, the Gaza Strip and Israel to the northeast, the Red Sea to the east, Sudan to the south and Libya to the west.
Egypt is one of the most populous countries in Africa and the Middle East. The great majority of its over 81 million people live near the banks of the Nile River, in an area of about 40,000 square kilometers (15,000 sq mi), where the only arable land is found. The large areas of the Sahara Desert are sparsely inhabited. About half of Egypt's residents live in urban areas, with most spread across the densely populated centres of greater Cairo, Alexandria and other major cities in the Nile Delta.

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Kano
Kano is a city in Nigeria and the capital of Kano State in Northern Nigeria. Its metropolitan population is the second largest in Nigeria after Lagos. The Kano Urban area covers 137 km² and comprises six Local Government Area (LGAs) - Kano Municipal, Fagge, Dala, Gwale, Tarauni and Nassarawa - with a population of 2,163,225 at the 2006 Nigerian census. The Metropolitan Area covers 499 km² and comprises eight LGAs - the six mentioned above plus Ungogo and Kumbotso - with a population of 2,828,861 at the 2006 Nigerian census.
The principal inhabitants of the city are of the Hausa people. As in most parts of Northern Nigeria, the Hausa Language is widely spoken in Kano. The city is the capital of the Kano Emirate, and the current Emir, Ado Bayero, has been on the throne since 1963. The city is home to the Mallam Aminu Kano International Airport, the main airport serving northern Nigeria and was named after Nigerian politician Aminu Kano.
In the 7th century, Dala Hill, a residual hill in Kano, was the site of a hunting and gathering community that engaged in iron work; it is unknown whether these were Hausa people or speakers of Niger–Congo languages. Kano was originally known as Dala, after the hill, and was referred to as such as late as the end of the 15th century and the beginning of the 16th by Bornoan sources.

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Kingdom of Egypt
The Kingdom of Egypt (Egyptian Arabic: المملكه المصريه, literally, the Egyptian Kingdom), was the independent Egyptian state established under the Muhammad Ali Dynasty in 1922 following the recognition of Egyptian independence by the United Kingdom. The legal status of Egypt had hitherto been highly convoluted, due to its de facto breakaway from the Ottoman Empire in 1805, its occupation by Britain in 1882, and its transformation into a sultanate and British protectorate in 1914. In line with the change in status from sultanate to kingdom, the Sultan of Egypt, Fuad I, saw his title changed to King.
The kingdom's sovereignty was subject to severe limitations imposed by the British, who retained enormous control over Egyptian affairs, and whose military continued to occupy the country. Throughout the kingdom's existence, Sudan was formally united with Egypt, however, actual Egyptian authority in Sudan was largely nominal, due to Britain's role as the dominant power in Anglo-Egyptian Sudan.

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Kuwait
Kuwait, officially the State of Kuwait ⁱ/kuːˈweɪt/ (Arabic: دولة الكويت‎, Dawlat al-Kuwayt) is a sovereign Arab state situated in the north-east of the Arabian Peninsula in Western Asia. It is bordered by Saudi Arabia to the south at Khafji, and Iraq to the north at Basra. It lies on the north-western shore of the Persian Gulf. The name Kuwait is derived from the Arabic أكوات ākwāt, the plural of كوت kūt, meaning a fortress built near water. The country covers an area of 17,820 square kilometers (6,880 sq mi) and has a population of about 3.5 million.
Historically, the region was the site of Characene, a major Parthian port for trade between Mesopotamia and India. The Bani Utbah tribe were the first permanent Arab settlers in the region, and laid the foundation of the modern emirate. By the 19th century, Kuwait came under the influence of the Ottoman Empire, and after World War I, it emerged as an independent sheikhdom under the protection of the British Empire. Kuwait's large oil fields were discovered in the late 1930s.

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Lebanon
Lebanon (ⁱ/ˈlɛbənɒn/ or /ˈlɛbənən/; Arabic: لبنان‎ Libnān or Lubnān, Lebanese Arabic: [lɪbˈneːn]), officially the Lebanese Republic (Arabic: الجمهورية اللبنانية‎ al-Jumhūrīyah al-Libnānīyah, Lebanese Arabic: [elˈʒʊmhuːɾɪjje l.ˈlɪbneːnɪjje]), is a country in the East Mediterranean. It is bordered by Syria to the north and east, and Israel to the south. Lebanon's location at the crossroads of the Mediterranean Basin and the Arabian hinterland has dictated its rich history, and shaped a cultural identity of religious and ethnic diversity.
The earliest evidence of civilization in Lebanon dates back more than 7,000 years—predating recorded history. Lebanon was the home of the Phoenicians, a maritime culture that flourished for nearly 2,500 years (3000–539 BC). Following the collapse of the Ottoman Empire after World War I, the five provinces that comprise modern Lebanon were mandated to France. The French expanded the borders of Mount Lebanon, which was mostly populated by Maronite Catholics and Druze, to include more Muslims. Lebanon gained independence in 1943, and established a unique political system, known as confessionalism, a power-sharing mechanism based on religious communities – Bechara El Khoury who became independent Lebanon's first President and Riad El-Solh, who became Lebanon's first prime minister, are considered the founders of the modern Republic of Lebanon and are national heroes for having led the country's independence. French troops withdrew from Lebanon in 1946.

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Mecca
Mecca ( /ˈmɛkə/; Arabic: مكة‎, Makkah, pronounced [ˈmækːɐ]) is a city in the Hejaz and the capital of Makkah province in Saudi Arabia. The city is located 70 km (43 mi) inland from Jeddah in a narrow valley at a height of 277 m (909 ft) above sea level. Its resident population in 2012 was 2 million, although visitors more than triple this number every year during Hajj period held in the twelfth Muslim lunar month of Dhu al-Hijjah.
As the birthplace of Muhammad and a site of the composition of the Quran, Mecca is regarded as the holiest city in the religion of Islam and a pilgrimage to it known as the Hajj is obligatory upon all able Muslims. The Hijaz was long ruled by Muhammad's descendants, the sharifs, either as independent rulers or as vassals to larger empires. It was absorbed into Saudi Arabia in 1925. In its modern period, Mecca has seen tremendous expansion in size and infrastructure. Because of this Mecca has lost many thousand years old buildings and archaeological sites. Today, more than 15 million Muslims visit Mecca annually, including several million during the few days of the Hajj. As a result, Mecca has become one of the most cosmopolitan and diverse cities in the Muslim world, although non-Muslims remain prohibited from entering the city.

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Nigeria
Nigeria ⁱ/naɪˈdʒɪəriə/, officially the Federal Republic of Nigeria, is a federal constitutional republic comprising 36 states and its Federal Capital Territory, Abuja. The country is located in West Africa and shares land borders with the Republic of Benin in the west, Chad and Cameroon in the east, and Niger in the north. Its coast in the south lies on the Gulf of Guinea on the Atlantic Ocean. The three largest and most influential ethnic groups in Nigeria are the Hausa, Igbo and Yoruba.
In terms of religion Nigeria is roughly split half and half between Muslims in the North and Christians in the South; a very small minority practice traditional religion. Since 2002 there have been a spate of clashes, particularly in the North of the country, between government forces and the Islamists Boko Haram, militant jihadists who seek to establish sharia law.
The people of Nigeria have an extensive history. Archaeological evidence shows that human habitation of the area dates back to at least 9000 BCE. The area around the Benue and Cross River is thought to be the original homeland of the Bantu migrants who spread across most of central and southern Africa in waves between the 1st millennium BC and the 2nd millennium.

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Pakistan
Pakistan (ⁱ/ˈpækɨstæn/ or ⁱ/pɑːkiˈstɑːn/; Urdu: پاکستان) (Urdu pronunciation: [paːkɪˈst̪aːn] ( listen)), officially the Islamic Republic of Pakistan (Urdu: اسلامی جمہوریۂ پاکستان), is a sovereign country in South Asia. It sits at the crossroads of the strategically important regions of South Asia, Central Asia and the Middle East. It has a 1,046-kilometre (650 mi) coastline along the Arabian Sea and the Gulf of Oman in the south and is bordered by India to the east, Afghanistan to the west and north, Iran to the southwest and China in the far northeast. It is separated from Tajikistan by Afghanistan's narrow Wakhan Corridor in the north, and it shares a marine border with Oman.
The territory of modern Pakistan was the site of several ancient cultures, including the Neolithic Mehrgarh and the Bronze Age Indus Valley Civilisation, and has undergone invasions or settlements by Hindu, Persian, Indo-Greek, Islamic, Turco-Mongol, Afghan and Sikh cultures. Thus the area has been ruled by numerous empires and dynasties, including the Indian Mauryan Empire, the Persian Achaemenid Empire, the Arab Umayyad Caliphate, the Mongol Empire, the Mughal Empire, the Durrani Empire, the Sikh Empire and the British Empire. As a result of the Pakistan Movement led by Muhammad Ali Jinnah and India's struggle for independence, Pakistan was created in 1947 as an independent nation for Muslims from the regions in the east and west of India where there was a Muslim majority. Initially a dominion, Pakistan adopted a new constitution in 1956, becoming an Islamic republic. A civil war in 1971 resulted in the secession of East Pakistan as the new country of Bangladesh.

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Qatar
Qatar (ⁱ/ˈkɑːtɑr/ or ⁱ/kəˈtɑr/;Arabic: قطر‎ [ˈqɑtˤɑr]; local vernacular pronunciation: [ɡɪtˤɑr]), also known as the country or State of Qatar or locally Dawlat Qaṭar, is a sovereign Arab state, located in Western Asia, occupying the small Qatar Peninsula on the northeasterly coast of the much larger Arabian Peninsula. Its sole land border is with Saudi Arabia to the south, with the rest of its territory surrounded by the Persian Gulf. A strait of the Persian Gulf separates Qatar from the nearby island state of Bahrain.
Qatar has been ruled as an absolute monarchy by Al Thani family since the mid-19th century. Formerly a British protectorate noted mainly for pearling, it became independent in 1971, and has become one of the region's wealthiest states due to its enormous oil and natural gas revenues. In 1995, Sheikh Hamad bin Khalifa Al Thani became Emir when he seized power from his father, Khalifa bin Hamad Al Thani, in a peaceful coup d'état. The most important positions in Qatar are held by the members of the Al Thani family, or close confidants of the al-Thani family. Beginning in 1992, Qatar has built intimate military ties with the United States, and is now the location of U.S. Central Command’s Forward Headquarters and the Combined Air Operations Center.

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Sindh
Sindh (pronounced [sɪnd̪ʱ]; Sindhi: سنڌ; Urdu: سندھ Indica in Latin, Indus in Greek) is one of the four provinces of Pakistan and historically is home to the Sindhi people. It is also locally known as the "Mehran" and has been given the title of Bab-ul-Islam (The gateway of Islam). The name of Sindh is derived from the Indus River that separates it from Balochistan and the greater Iranian Plateau. This river was known to the ancient Iranians in Avestan as Indus, in Sanskrit as Sindhu, to Assyrians (as early as the seventh century BC) as Sinda, to the Greeks as Indos, to the Romans as Indus, to the Persians as Ab-e-sind, to the Pashtuns as "Abasind", to the Arabs as Al-Sind, to the Chinese as Sintow, and to the Javanese as the Santri.
Sindh is bounded to the west by the Indus River and Balochistan, to the north by Punjab, the east by the Indian states of Gujarat and Rajasthan and to the south by the Arabian Sea. The capital of the province is Karachi, Pakistan's largest city and financial hub. Most of the population in the province is Muslim, with sizeable Christian, Zoroastrian and Hindu minorities. The main language spoken is Sindhi by about 40 million people, while there exists a significant Urdu-speaking minority.

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Abdullah Bughra
Abdullah Bughra (died 1934) (Uyghur: عبد الله بۇغرا‎), was a Uighur Emir of the First East Turkestan Republic. He was the younger brother of Muhammad Amin Bughra and older brother of Emir Nur Ahmad Jan Bughra. He commanded Uighur and Kirghiz forces during the Battle of Kashgar (1934) against the Chinese Muslim 36th Division (National Revolutionary Army). The Chinese Muslims were loyal to the Chinese government, and wanted to crush the Turkic Muslim Uighurs and Kirghiz in revenge for the Kizil massacre. He also had a bodyguard of Afghans protecting him. He was killed in 1934 at Yarkand by Chinese Muslim troops under general Ma Zhancang. All of Abdullah's fighters were killed, but his body was never found, that later gave rise to speculations about his fate. The British newspaper "The Times" reported that a turki chief was beheaded on August 25, 1933. However, since Abdullah was killed one year later, in 1934, Timur Beg was most likely the Uighur that the newspaper was referring to.
Several sources state that Abdullah's head was cut off after he was killed, and sent to Id Kah Mosque to be put on display.

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Ali
Alī ibn Abī Ṭālib (Arabic: علي بن أﺑﻲ طالب, Transliteration: ʿAlī ibn Abī Ṭālib, [ʕaliː ibn ʔæbiː t̪ˤɑːlib]; 13^thRajab, 24 BH–21^stRamaḍān, 40 AH; approximately October 23, 598 or 600 or March 17, 599 – January 27, 661). The son of Abu Talib, Ali was also the cousin and son-in-law of Islamic prophet Muhammad, ruling over the Islamic Caliphate from 656 to 661, and was the first male convert to Islam.Sunnis consider Ali the fourth and final of the Rashidun (rightly guided Caliphs), while Shias regard Ali as the first Imam and consider him and his descendants the rightful successors to Muhammad, all of which are members of the Ahl al-Bayt, the household of Muhammad. This disagreement split the Ummah (Muslim community) into the Sunni and Shia branches.
Muslim sources, especially Shia ones, state that since Muhammad's time, Ali was the only person born in the Kaaba sanctuary in Mecca, the holiest place in Islam. His father was Abu Talib and his mother was Fatima bint Asad, but he was raised in the household of Muhammad, who himself was raised by Abu Talib, Muhammad's uncle, and Ali's father. When Muhammad reported receiving a divine revelation, Ali was the first male to accept his message, dedicating his life to the cause of Islam.

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Mirza
Mirza (Persian: میرزا, Turkish: Mirza, Kazakh: мырза, myrza, Russian: мурза, Circassian: мырзэ), (common variance in Tatar nobility as Morza) is of Persian origin, denoting the rank of a high nobleman or Prince. It is usually translated into English as a royal or imperial Prince of the Blood. It signified male-line descent and relationship to the Imperial Families of Turkey, Persia and later South Asia and was the title borne by members of the highest aristocracies in Tatar states, such as Khanate of Kazan, Khanate of Astrakhan and in the Russian Empire (Under Catherine the Great's rule the Murzas gained equal rights with the Russian nobility). In fact, Prince Felix Yusupov, the nephew-in-law of Tsar Nicholas II of Russia was descended from Abdul Mirza, the first Prince Yusopov.
The word Mīrzā is derived from the Persian term ‘Amīrzāde which literally means "child of the ‘Amīr" or "child of the ruler" in Persia‘Amīrzād in turn consists of the Arabic title ‘Amīr (engl. Emir), meaning "commander", and the Persian suffix -zād, meaning "birth" or "lineage". Due to vowel harmony in Turkic languages, the alternative pronunciation Morza (plural morzalar; derived from the Persian word) is also used. In modern Kazakh myrza means gentleman, as is in the expression "hanymdar men myrzalar" (ladies and gentlemen).

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Mohammed Alim Khan
Emir Said Mir Mohammed Alim Khan Persian: امیر عالم خان‎ (January 3, 1880–April 28, 1944) was the last emir of the Manghit dynasty, the last ruling dynasty of the Emirate of Bukhara in Central Asia. Although Bukhara was a protectorate of the Russian Empire from 1873, the Emir presided over the internal affairs of his emirate as absolute monarch and reigned from January 3, 1911 to August 30, 1920.
At the age of thirteen, Alim Khan was sent by his father Emir Abdulahad Khan to Saint Petersburg for three years to study government and modern military techniques. In 1896, having received formal confirmation as Crown Prince of Bukhara by the Russian government, he returned home.
After two years in Bukhara assisting in his father's administration, he was appointed governor of Nasef region for the next twelve years. He was then transferred to the northern province of Karmana, which he ruled for another two years, until receiving word in 1910 of his father's death.
Alim Khan's rule began with promise. Initially, he declared that he would no longer expect or accept any gifts, and prohibited his officials from demanding bribes from the public, or imposing taxes on their own authority. However, as time went by the Emir's attitude towards bribes, taxes, and state salaries changed. The conflict between the traditionalists and the reformists ended with the traditionalists in control, and the reformers in exile in Moscow or Kazan. It is thought that Alim Khan, who initially favored modernization and the reformists, realised that their eventual goals included no place for either him or his descendants as rulers. Like his predecessors, Alim Khan was a traditional ruler. He toyed with the idea of reform as a tool to keep the clergy in line, and only as long as he saw the possibility of using it to strengthen Manghit rule.^{[citation needed]}

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Muhammad
Muhammad (c. 26 April 570 – 8 June 632; also transliterated as Mohammad, Mohammed, or Muhammed; Arabic: محمد‎), full name: Muhammad Ibn `Abd Allāh Ibn `Abd al-Muttalib (Arabic: محمد بن عبدالله بن عبد المطلب ‎) was a leader from Mecca who unified the tribes of Arabia into a single religious polity under Islam. He is believed by Muslims and Bahá'ís to be a messenger and prophet of God. Muslims believe that Islam was not his own invention but was revealed by God, and most consider him to be the last prophet of God Muslims thus consider him the restorer of an uncorrupted original monotheistic faith (islām) of Adam, Noah, Abraham, Moses, Jesus and other prophets.
Born in 570 CE in the Arabian city of Mecca, he was orphaned at an early age and brought up under the care of his uncle Abu Talib. He later worked mostly as a merchant, as well as a shepherd, and was first married by age 25. Being in the habit of periodically retreating to a cave in the surrounding mountains for several nights of meditation and prayer, he later reported that it was there, at age 40, that he received his first revelation from God. Three years after this event Muhammad started preaching these revelations publicly, proclaiming that "God is One", that complete "surrender" to Him (lit. islām) is the only way (dīn) acceptable to God, and that he himself was a prophet and messenger of God, in the same vein as other Islamic prophets.

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Muhammad Amin Bughra
Muhammad Amin Bughra also Muḥammad Amīn Bughra (1901–1965) (Uyghur: محمد أمين بۇغرا‎), Муххамад Эмин Бугро, Chinese: 穆罕默德·伊敏; pinyin: Mùhǎnmòdé·Yīmǐn (sometimes known by his Turkish name Mehmet Emin Bugra) was a Turkic Muslim leader, who planned to set up an independent state, the First East Turkestan Republic.
In the spring of 1937, rebellion again broke out in southern Sinkiang. A number of factors contributed to the outbreak. In an effort to appease the Turkic Muslims, Sheng Shicai had appointed a number of their non-secessionist leaders, including Khoja Niyaz Hajji and Yulbars Khan, another leader of the Kumul uprising (February 20, 1931- November 30, 1931), to positions of influence in the provincial government, both in Di Hua (modern Ürümqi) and Kashgar.
At the same time, educational reforms, which attacked basic Islamic principles, and the atheistic propaganda program, which was being extended into the south, were further alienating the local population from Sheng's administration. In Kashgar Mahmud Sijang, a wealthy Muslim, former leader of the Turpan uprising (1932), and one of Sheng's appointees, became the focal point for opposition to the government.

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Nur Ahmad Jan Bughra
Nur Ahmad Jan Bughra (d. April 16, 1934) (Uyghur: نور احمد جان بۇغرا‎), was an Uighur Emir of the First East Turkestan Republic. He was the younger brother of Muhammad Amin Bughra and Abdullah Bughra. He commanded Uighur and Kirghiz forces during the Battle of Kashgar (1934) against the Chinese Muslim 36th Division (National Revolutionary Army). The Chinese Muslims were loyal to the Republic of China government, and wanted to crush the Turkic Muslim Uighurs and Kirghiz in revenge for the Kizil massacre, in which Nur Ahmad Jan Bughra had taken part. He was killed on April 16, 1934 at Yangi Hissar by Chinese Muslim troops under generals Ma Zhancang and Ma Fuyuan. All of Nur Ahmad Jan's 2,500 Uighur and Kirghiz fighters were exterminated by the 10,000 strong Chinese Muslim army.
It was reported by Ahmad Kamal in his book "Land Without Laughter" on page 130-131, that Nur Ahmad Jan's was beheaded by the Chinese Muslim troops and the head was used in a football game at the parade ground.

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Sayyid
Sayyid (pronounced [ˈsæjjɪd], or [ˈsæjjed], Arabic: سيد‎; meaning Mister; plural Sadah Arabic: سادة‎, Sādah) is an honorific title, it denotes males accepted as descendants of the Islamic prophet Muhammad through his grandsons, Hasan ibn Ali and Husain ibn Ali, sons of the prophet's daughter Fatima Zahra and his son-in-law Ali ibn Abi Talib.
Daughters of sayyids are given the titles Sayyida, Alawiyah, Syarifah, or Sharifah. Children of a Sayyida mother but a non-Sayyid father cannot be attributed the title of Sayyid, however they may claim the title Mirza for males or Mirziya for females. Sayyids are by definition a branch of the tribe of Banu Hashim, a clan from the tribe of Quraish that traces its lineage to Adnan and thence to the Prophet Ismael.
In the Arab world, it is the equivalent of the English word "liege-lord" or "master" when referring to a descendant of Muhammad, as in Sayyid John Smith. This is the reason the word sidi (from the contracted form sayyidī, 'my liege') is used in the Moroccan dialect of Arabic.

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Tony Jay
Tony Jay (February 2, 1933 – August 13, 2006) was an English actor, voice actor and singer. A former member of the Royal Shakespeare Company, he was known for his voice work in animation, film and computer games. Jay's distinctive baritone voice often landed him villainous roles. He is best known as the voice of Claude Frollo in Walt Disney's The Hunchback of Notre Dame, Shere Khan in The Jungle Book 2, Lord Dregg during the final two seasons of the original Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles, the Chief in the Super Secret Secret Squirrel segment of 2 Stupid Dogs, Galactus and Terrax in The Fantastic Four, Chairface Chippendale in The Tick, Anubis in Gargoyles, Magneto in X-Men Legends, the Narrator in Skeleton Warriors, the Elder God in the Legacy of Kain series, and the virus Megabyte in the award-winning CG-I animated series ReBoot.
Jay appeared on-screen in several movies and on television, including Love and Death, Twins, Night Court and Eerie, Indiana. He also developed a career in the theatre, in plays such as The Life and Adventures of Nicholas Nickleby, Great Expectations, and The Merchant of Venice. Jay's other non-animation roles included Paracelsus on the 1987 CBS series Beauty and the Beast; Minister Campio on Star Trek: The Next Generation; and Lex Luthor's villainous aide-de-camp Nigel St. John in Lois & Clark: The New Adventures of Superman.

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Yazidi
The Yazidi (also Yezidi, Kurdish: ئێزیدی or Êzidî) are a Kurdish ethnoreligious group with Indo-Iranian roots. They currently live primarily in the Nineveh Province of northern Iraq. Additional communities in Transcaucasia, Armenia, Turkey, and Syria have been in decline since the 1990s, their members having emigrated to Europe, especially to Germany. Their religion, Yazidism, is a branch of Yazdânism, and is seen as a highly syncretic complex of local Kurdish beliefs that contains Zoroastrian elements and Islamic Sufi doctrine introduced to the area by Sheikh Adi ibn Musafir in the 12th century. The Yazidi believe in God as creator of the world, which he placed under the care of seven holy beings or angels, the chief of whom is Melek Taus, the Peacock Angel.
Historically, the Yazidi lived primarily in communities in what are now Iraq, Syria, and Turkey, and also had significant numbers in Armenia and Georgia. However, events since the 20th century have resulted in considerable demographic shift in these areas as well as mass emigration. As a result population estimates are unclear in many regions, and estimates of the size of the total population vary.

wn.com/Yazidi

Makina (Emir)

Ateşten Bi Rüzgar (2012) - KAYA MÜZİK YAPIM...

published: 17 Jul 2012

author: muyap

Veda Gecesi (Emir)

Ateşten Bi Rüzgar (2012) - KAYA MÜZİK YAPIM...

published: 09 Nov 2012

author: muyap

Sudan Sebep (Emir)

Türkçe Pop 2012 (2012) - DOĞAN MÜZİK YAPIM...

published: 19 Apr 2012

author: muyap

EMIR FULL TRAILER

EMIR is the biggest original Filipino musical written for the screen. It tells the story o...

published: 05 May 2010

author: FilmDevCouncilPhil

emir feriha- unutamam

the story is that after Emir told Feriha they're over and she jumped, she wasn't saved...

published: 24 Jan 2012

author: papado21sequel

Emir - Prijedor - Saban - Kraljice srca moga

emir uzivo 2...

published: 01 Jan 2008

author: eemir75

Emir Hot - Devils In Disguise

From Emir's new album "Sevdah Metal" (year 2008) Sevdah is the traditional bosnian music w...

published: 24 Dec 2008

author: arronaxtrance

Djinji Dinji Bubamara - Emir Kusturica

...

published: 18 May 2009

author: AnaLennon

Eline Düştüm (Emir)

Ben Sen Olamam (2009) - HİTT MÜZİK PRD....

published: 07 Jan 2010

author: muyap

Emir Kusturica Was Romeo Really A Jerk

Was Romeo really a jerk...

published: 29 Jan 2007

author: Randharc

black cat, white cat

weee...

published: 08 Apr 2006

author: adamfrapp

Emir Kusturica-Was Romeo Really A Jerk

...

published: 02 Jun 2010

author: efeite

Emir Hot - Rock ballad style solo

...

published: 01 Sep 2008

author: irac78

Emir Kusturica & The No Smoking Orchestra - Corfu

Emir Kusturica & The No Smoking Orchestra - Corfu...

published: 15 Jan 2009

author: Miniizinha

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photo: AP / Ariel Schalit

Israeli troops patrol along the border between Israel and Syria

Israeli jets targeted military research center: Syria

Zeenews

31 Jan 2013

Zeenews Bureau. Damascus. The Syrian Army has confirmed that Israeli Air Force fighter planes carried out strikes in its territory, but denied reports of a convoy carrying weapons to Lebanon was bombed. The Syrian Army statement says that the IAF jet fighters’ target was a military research centre near the border with Lebanon. Two people have been reported to be dead and five others injured in the attack ... First Published ... ....(size: 2.6Kb)

photo: AP / Aleppo Revolution Against Assad Regime

This citizen journalism image provided by Aleppo Revolution Against Assad's Regime which has been authenticated based on its contents and other AP reporting, shows dead bodies on a street in Aleppo, Syria Tuesday, Jan. 29, 2013.

Syria Massacre: Group Says At Least 65 Found Shot In Head, With Hands Bound In Aleppo

Huffington Post

29 Jan 2013

By Alexander Dziadosz and Oliver Holmes. BEIRUT, Jan 29 (Reuters) - At least 65 people were found shot dead with their hands bound in the northern Syrian city of Aleppo on Tuesday in a "new massacre" in the near two-year revolt against President Bashar al-Assad, activists said. Opposition campaigners blamed the government but it was impossible to confirm who was responsible ... The U.N ... State media did not mention the incident ... STALEMATE ... ....(size: 9.0Kb)

photo: AP / Korea Aerospace Research Institute

In this photo released by Korea Aerospace Research Institute, South Korea's rocket lifts off from its launch pad at the Naro Space Center in Goheung, South Korea, Wednesday, Jan. 30, 2013.

South Korea launches rocket carrying satellite in battle for space supremacy

The Guardian

30 Jan 2013

Launch of 140-tonne rocket likely to anger North Korea, which incurred tougher UN sanctions after December launch. The rocket takes off from its launchpad at Naro, south of Seoul. South Korea has twice before failed to put a satellite into space. Photograph. Kari/AFP/Getty Images ... Relief greeted the Naro rocket's flawless liftoff from a space centre on the south coast at 4pm local time ... ....(size: 3.1Kb)

photo: AP / David Guttenfelder

N. Korea revealed - on Google

Star Tribune

30 Jan 2013

SEOUL - Until Tuesday, North Korea appeared on Google Maps as a near-total white space -- no roads, no train lines, no parks and no restaurants. The only thing labeled was the capital city, Pyongyang. This all changed when Google, on Tuesday, rolled out a detailed map of one of the world's most secretive states ... Similar processes were used in other once-unmapped countries like Afghanistan and Myanmar ... ....(size: 2.4Kb)

photo: AP / Patrick Semansky

Obama calls for swift overhaul on immigration

Pittsburgh Post-Gazette

30 Jan 2013

LAS VEGAS -- Seizing an opening to rewrite the nation's immigration laws, President Barack Obama challenged Congress on Tuesday to act swiftly to put 11 million illegal immigrants living in the United States on a clear path to citizenship ... The response suggests that reaching consensus on immigration law changes remained difficult despite a new bipartisan push since the November elections ... Mr ... Sen ... He continued ... Although Mr ... Mr ... Mr ... ....(size: 5.5Kb)

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Xenophon, unions say 'ditch Qantas-Emirates deal'

Canberra Times

01 Feb 2013

Unions are making a last-ditch plea to the consumer watchdog against a partnership between Qantas and Emirates airlines ... Earlier this month the ACCC gave Qantas and Emirates the green light to prepare joint strategies for sales, marketing and pricing ... AAP . ....(size: 1.3Kb)

'Ditch Qantas-Emirates deal' say Xenophon, unions

Canberra Times

01 Feb 2013

Bridging the Gulf: Women architects in the UAE

BBC News

01 Feb 2013

Some in the West get the impression that the Middle East offers women little in the way of equal opportunities but, in the United Arab Emirates, female architects are helping design and build their own cities ... Educated in the United Arab Emirates, Pallavi is in no doubt that there is a connection between the building boom and the rising number of young women studying architecture....(size: 6.1Kb)

Etihad Airways takes off with new daily flights to Brisbane and Singapore

IIFL

01 Feb 2013

Etihad Airways, the national airline of the United Arab Emirates, this week commences its new schedule of daily flights between Abu Dhabi and Brisbane via Singapore.  ... It enables us to compete on a more level playing field than in the past ... The same year its shareholder, the Emirate of Abu Dhabi, donated $30mn to the Government of Queensland to build five category five cyclone shelters for use as multi-purpose centres year round....(size: 7.5Kb)

Sterne leads, Fraser starts well (PGA of Australia)

noodls

01 Feb 2013

(Source. PGA of Australia). South African Richard Sterne leads the Dubai Desert Classic after a stunning first-round 62 on Thursday, while Australian Marcus Fraser made a solid start. Sterne hit 10 birdies in a blemish-free day of golf at the Emirates Golf Club in the United Arab Emirates, enough to give him a one-shot lead ahead of Scotland's Stephen Gallacher at the European Tour event ... distributed by ... (noodl. 17396669) ....(size: 3.7Kb)

Al Gore Dogged by Questions About Al Jazeera Deal on Book Tour

The Hollywood Reporter

01 Feb 2013

share. Getty Images ... Now even talk show hosts with nominally liberal views and environmental credentials of their own are demanding that Gore reconcile his views on climate change with the sale to a network owned by a Persian Gulf emirate -- Qatar -- whose financial resources are entirely based on the sale of fossil fuels ... ... “So you're selling this television network to a gas and oil supported emirate. .” he said ... share. ....(size: 6.1Kb)

Diego Costa scores 2 as Atletico beats Sevilla: Copa del Rey

CBC

01 Feb 2013

Diego Costa earned and converted his first spot kick in the 49th minute when Sevilla's Emir Spahic was shown his second yellow card for a handball in the box ... ....(size: 0.8Kb)

Atletico edge Sevilla as three see red

The Times of India

01 Feb 2013

Sevilla had Emir Spahic and Fernando Navarro sent off with Diego Godin Leal being red-carded for Atletico while six others ......(size: 0.6Kb)

Nacho Monreal set to complete £8.3m Arsenal deal from Malaga

The Daily Mail

01 Feb 2013

... his move to the Emirates Stadium....(size: 0.2Kb)

Gunners swoop for Monreal

York Press

01 Feb 2013

Nacho Monreal joined Arsenal late on Thursday night ... The Spain left-back arrives at the Emirates Stadium at a perfect time for manager Arsene Wenger, who lost Kieran Gibbs for three weeks with a thigh injury on Wednesday night. "We are delighted that Nacho Monreal has agreed to join us ... We all look forward to him playing for us." ... ....(size: 1.9Kb)

TAH investors give nod to Virgin's 60pc stake in Tiger Australia

The Australian

01 Feb 2013

TIGER Airways Holdings shareholders have endorsed Virgin Australias plans to take a 60 per cent stake in Tiger Australia. Virgin said the positive shareholder votes represented another important in completing the proposed deal ... Meanwhile, Independent Senator Nick Xenophon and unions are today attending a pre-determination conference with the ACCC about the Qantas-Emirates alliance ...  . ....(size: 1.9Kb)

Neill on lookout for new club (FFA - Football Federation Australia Limited)

noodls

01 Feb 2013

(Source. FFA - Football Federation Australia Limited). Lucas Neill looks set to be released for the second time in a year with United Arab Emirates club Al Wasl about to release the Qantas Socceroos captain. Sitting ninth in the UAE Pro League, Al Wasl have shaken up their squad with the signing of two new imports - Iraq international defender Ahmad Ibrahim and Brazilian striker Jose Carlos Ferreira ... distributed by ... (noodl. 17397693) ....(size: 2.5Kb)

Three reds and three penalties in Atletico win

The Guardian

01 Feb 2013

* Atletico edge Sevilla 2-1 in Cup semi-final first leg. * Sevilla have two players sent off and Atletico one. * All three successful penalties awarded for handball (Adds details, quotes, byline). By Iain Rogers ... All the second half spot-kicks were awarded for handball at the Vicente Calderon stadium, the first two resulting in dismissals for Sevilla defender Emir Spahic and Atletico's Diego Godin ... Football ... ....(size: 5.9Kb)

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Not to be confused with European Market Infrastructure Regulation.

"Amir" redirects here. For other persons, see Amir (name). For other uses, see Amir (disambiguation).

This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (February 2012)

The court of the Afghan Durrani Empire in 1839.

File:TheTalpurSons.jpg

Talpur emirs from Sindh, Pakistan

Emir (pronounced [eˈmiːr], Arabic: أمير‎ ʾAmīr (Feminine: Emira, أميرة ʾAmīrah), meaning "commander", "general", or "prince"; also transliterated as Amir, Aamir or Ameer) is a title of high office, used throughout the Muslim world. Emirs are usually considered high-ranking Sheikhs, but in monarchic states the term is also used for Princes, with "Emirate" being analogous to a sovereign principality.

While Emir is a common transliteration in English and other languages, the form Amir is found for numerous compounds (e.g. admiral) and names. Transliteration differs depending on the sources consulted.

1 Origins
2 Princely, ministerial and noble titles
3 Military ranks and titles
4 Other uses
5 See also
6 Notes
7 References

Origins [link]

Amir, meaning "chieftain" or "commander", is derived from the Arabic root '-m-r, "command". Originally simply meaning commander or leader, usually in reference to a group of people, it came to be used as a title for governors or rulers, usually in smaller states, and in modern Arabic is analogous to the English word "prince". The word entered English in 1593, from the French émir.^[1] It was one of the titles or names of the Islamic prophet Muhammad.

Princely, ministerial and noble titles [link]

Mohammed Alim Khan, Emir of Bukhara, taken in 1911 by Sergey Prokudin-Gorsky.

The monarchs of Qatar and Kuwait are currently titled Emirs.
The caliphs first used the title Amir al-Muminin or "Commander of the Faithful", stressing their leadership over all Islam, especially in the military form of jihad; both this command and the title have been assumed by various other Muslim rulers, including Sultans and Emirs. For Shiite Muslims, they still give this title to the Caliph Ali as Amir al Muminin.
The Abbasid (in theory still universal) Caliph Ar-Radi created the post of Amir al-Umara ("Amir of the Amirs") for his – in fact governing – Wazir (chief minister) Ibn Raik; the title was used in various Islamic monarchies; see below for military use
In Lebanon, the ruling Emir formally used the style al-Amir al-Hakim since, specifying it was still a ruler's title. Note that the title was held by Christians as well.

Member of the court of the Emir of Kano, Nigeria. October 2006

The word Emir is also used less formally for leaders in certain contexts. For example, the leader of a group of pilgrims to Mecca is called an Emir hadji, a title sometimes used by ruling princes (as a mark of Muslim piety) which is sometimes awarded in their name. Where an adjectival form is necessary, "Emiral" suffices.
Amirzade, the son (hence the Persian patronymic suffix -zade) of a prince, hence the Persian princely title Mirza.
The traditional rulers of the predominantly Muslim northern regions of Nigeria are known as Emirs, while the titular sovereign of their now defunct empire is formally styled as the Sultan of Sokoto, Amir-al-Muminin (or Sarkin Musulmi in the Hausa language).
The temporal leader of the Yazidi people is known as an Emir or Prince.

Military ranks and titles [link]

Mughal Amir on Horseback, from the Large Clive Album

Entrance to the Amir's palace in Bukhara. From a photograph taken ca. 1912 by Sergei Mikhailovich Prokudin-Gorskii.

From the start, Emir has been a military title, roughly meaning "general" or "commander."

The Western naval rank "admiral" comes from the Arabic naval title amir al-bahr, general at sea, which has been used for naval commanders and occasionally the Ministers of Marine.

In certain decimally-organized Muslim armies, Amir was an officer rank. For example, in Mughal India Amirs commanded 1000 horsemen (divided into ten units, each under a Sipah salar), ten of them under one Malik. In the imperial army of Qajar Persia:

Amir-i-Nuyan,
Amir Panj, "Commander of 5,000"
Amir-i-Tuman, "Commander of 10,000"
Amir ul-Umara, "Amir of Amirs" (cfr. supra) or 'Commander of Commanders'

In the former Kingdom of Afghanistan, Amir-i-Kabir was a title meaning "great prince" or "great commander."

Muhammad Amin Bughra, Nur Ahmad Jan Bughra, and Abdullah Bughra declared themselves Emirs of the First East Turkestan Republic.

Other uses [link]

Amir-i-Il designates the head of an Il (tribe) in imperial Persia.

In addition to being an Arabic name, Amir is also a common Muslim male name for both Arab and non-Arab Muslims, taken from Arabic just as the Western name Rex ("king") is borrowed from Latin while Amira is a common Muslim female name. In Bosnia and Herzegovina, the female name Emira, often interpreted as "princess", is a derivative of the male name Emir.

Notes [link]

^ http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?search=amir&searchmode=none EtymologyOnLine

References [link]

WorldStatesmen Religious Organisations - see also many present Muslim countries

http://wn.com/Emir

http://it.wn.com/Emiro

http://cs.wn.com/Emír

http://id.wn.com/Emir

http://es.wn.com/Emir

http://ru.wn.com/Эмир

http://nl.wn.com/Emir

http://pl.wn.com/Emir

http://fr.wn.com/Émir

http://de.wn.com/Emir

http://hi.wn.com/अमीर

http://pt.wn.com/Emir

This page contains text from Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emir

This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, which means that you can copy and modify it as long as the entire work (including additions) remains under this license.

Emir Nemanja Kusturica Емир Немања Кустурица
Kusturica at the Guadalajara Film Festival 2009.
Born	Emir Kusturica (1954-11-24) 24 November 1954 (age 57) Sarajevo, Yugoslavia (now Bosnia and Herzegovina)
Nationality	Serbian
Other names	Nemanja
Occupation	Film director and screenwriter
Years active	1978–present
Religion	Serbian Orthodoxy
Spouse	Maja Kusturica
Children	Stribor Kusturica Dunja Kusturica
Website
www.kustu.com

Emir Nemanja Kusturica (Serbian: Емир Немања Кустурица, Serbo-Croatian pronunciation: [ěmiːr nɛ̌maɲa kǔsturitsa]); born 24 November 1954 in Sarajevo) is a Serbian^[1] filmmaker, actor and musician, recognized for several internationally acclaimed feature films. He is a two-time winner of the Palme d'Or at Cannes (for When Father Was Away on Business and Underground), as well as being a Commander of the French Ordre des Arts et des Lettres.^[2]^[3]

Since the mid-2000s, Kusturica's primary residence is Drvengrad, a village in the Mokra Gora region of Serbia. He had portions of the historic village reconstructed for his film Life Is a Miracle.

1 Life and work
2 Controversy
3 Personal
- 3.1 Marriage and family
4 Filmography
5 Awards
6 References
7 Bibliography
8 External links

Life and work [link]

Early life and works [link]

Born to Murat Kusturica, a journalist employed at the Sarajevo's Secretariate of Information, and Senka Numankadić, a court secretary,^[4] Emir grew up as the only child of a secular family in Sarajevo, the capital of Bosnia-Herzegovina, then a constituent republic within Yugoslavia.^[5]

Emir was something of a delinquent while growing up in Sarajevo, according to his own account.^[1] Through his father's friendship with the well-known director Hajrudin "Šiba" Krvavac, 17-year-old Emir got a small part in Krvavac's 1972 Walter Defends Sarajevo, a partisan film funded by the Yugoslav state.

After graduating from the Film Faculty of the Academy of Performing Arts in Prague (FAMU) in 1978, Kusturica began directing made-for-TV television shorts in Yugoslavia. He made his feature film debut in 1981 with Do You Remember Dolly Bell?, which won the prestigious Silver Lion for Best First Work at that year's Venice Film Festival. From 1981 to 1988, he was a lecturer at the Academy of Performing Arts in Sarajevo (Akademija Scenskih Umjetnosti) and art director of Open Stage Obala (Otvorena scena Obala).

His second feature film, When Father Was Away on Business (1985), earned a Palme d'Or at Cannes and five Yugoslav movie awards, as well as a nomination for an American Academy Award for Best Foreign Film. Kusturica wrote the screenplays for both Do You Remember Dolly Bell? and When Father Was Away on Business in collaboration with Abdulah Sidran. In 1989, Kusturica earned more accolades for Time of the Gypsies, a film about Romani culture and the exploitation of their youth.

1990s [link]

Kusturica continued to make highly regarded films into the next decade, including his American debut, the absurdist comedy Arizona Dream (1993). He won the Palme d'Or for his black comedy epic, Underground (1995), based upon a scenario of Dušan Kovačević, a noted Serbian playwright.^[6] He also taught Film Directing at Columbia University's Graduate Film Division.

In 1998, he won the Venice Film Festival's Silver Lion for Best Direction for Black Cat, White Cat, a farcical comedy set in a Gypsy (Romany) settlement on the banks of the Danube. The music for the film was composed by the Belgrade-based band No Smoking Orchestra.

Recent life and work [link]

In 2001, Kusturica directed Super 8 Stories, a documentary road and concert movie about The No Smoking Orchestra, of which he is a band member. He was appointed President of the Jury of the 2005 Cannes Film Festival.

His film, Maradona, a documentary on Argentine soccer star Diego Maradona, was released in Italy in May 2007. It premiered in France during the Cannes Film Festival in 2008.

His film Promise Me This premiered at the 2007 Cannes Film Festival.^[7] During 2007, Kusturica prepared a punk opera, Times of the Gypsies. The premiere took place in June 2007, at the Opéra Bastille in Paris. The next month, Kusturica directed the music video to Manu Chao's single "Rainin In Paradize", from the latter's forthcoming album.

On 8 September 2007, Kusturica was appointed a UNICEF National Ambassador for Serbia, alongside Ana Ivanović, Jelena Janković and Aleksandar Đorđević.

Since January 2008, Kusturica annually organizes a private Küstendorf Film Festival. Its first installment was held at Drvengrad, a village built for his film Life Is a Miracle, from 14 to 21 January 2008.^[8]

His next film, Cool Water, is a comedy set against the background of a Middle East conflict. Filming started in November 2010 in Germany. It is the first time Emir Kusturica directed a film which he did not write.

At the 64th Cannes Film Festival, held 11–22 May 2011, Kusturica presided over the jury of the Un Certain Regard section of the festival's official selection. On 14 May, in Cannes, he was invested with the insignia of Chevalier of the Legion of Honour, the highest decoration in France.^[9]

Acting [link]

Kusturica first performed in The Widow of St. Pierre (2000), a movie by director Patrice Leconte. In 2002, Emir Kusturica appeared as an electric guitar player/security specialist in The Good Thief, directed by Neil Jordan.

In the French movie L'affaire Farewell (2009), he played the role of Russian KGB agent Colonel Sergei Gregoriev, the central focus of a web of intrigue between warring governments and rival spy agencies.

Music [link]

Performing with The No Smoking Orchestra in March 2009

From 1986 until 1988, Kusturica played bass guitar in Zabranjeno Pušenje, a rock band from Sarajevo (SR Bosnia and Herzegovina).

Although Kusturica played a minor musical role in the band, he returned to the group following the Black Cat, White Cat film and the band's name changed to Emir Kusturica & The No Smoking Orchestra. In 1999, the No Smoking Orchestra recorded a new album, Unza Unza Time, produced by the Universal record company, as well as a music video, directed by Emir Kusturica. The band has been touring internationally since 1999.

The musician and composer Goran Bregović has created music for three of Kusturica's films: Time of the Gypsies, Arizona Dream, which featured Iggy Pop; and Underground.

Writing [link]

Kusturica's autobiography, Smrt je neprovjerena glasina (Death is an Unverified Rumour), was published in October 2010 in Belgrade by Novosti AD. The launch took place on 26 October during Belgrade Book Fair and was attended by Nele Karajlić, Dušan Kovačević, Foreign Minister Vuk Jeremić, Vojislav Koštunica.^[10]^[11]^[12] Released only in Serbia, Montenegro, and Republika Srpska, the book was initially printed in 20,000 copies that were quickly sold. Second printing in 32,000 copies was out in November and it too sold within weeks. On 8 December, the third printing in 40,000 copies was out^[13] and promoted a day later at Belgrade's Dom Sindikata.^[14] In February 2011, fourth printing with further 10,000 copies was out and soon the sale of 100,000th copy was announced.^[15]

Translations were published in Italy on 30 March 2011 under the title Dove sono in questa storia ("Where am I in this Story"),^[16] in France on 6 April 2011 as Où suis-je dans cette histoire ?,^[17] and in Germany in September 2011 as Der Tod ist ein unbestätigtes Gerücht.^[18]

Drvengrad and Kamengrad projects [link]

Drvengrad (meaning Wooden Town) is a traditional village that Kusturica built for his film Life Is a Miracle. It is located in the Zlatibor District near the city of Užice, two hundred kilometers southwest of Serbia's capital, Belgrade. It is located near Mokra Gora and Višegrad, best known for Yugoslav Ivo Andrić's Nobel-winning novel, The Bridge on the Drina.^[19] Since 2008, the village hosts the annual Küstendorf Film and Music Festival,^[20] which showcases films and music from all around the world. The festival is known for not having a red carpet as well as none of the popular Hollywood festival artifacts.

Kusturica started the construction project of Kamengrad (meaning Stone Town)also known as Andrićgrad), located in Višegrad, Republika Srpska, Bosnia and Herzegovina on 28 June 2011, which will be completed by 2014. ^[21] Kamengrad is located only several kilometers from Kusturica's first town Drvengrad, in Serbia. Kamengrad will be used as a filming location for the Emir's new film "Na Drini ćuprija", based on the book The Bridge on the Drina, by Nobel Prize for Literature laureate Ivo Andrić.

Controversy [link]

Work [link]

Kusturica and his work have provoked controversy at home and abroad.^[22] Underground, scripted by Dušan Kovačević, was partly financed by state-owned Yugoslav television. It recounted the history of Yugoslavia from World War II until the conflict in the 1990s. Some^[who?] Bosnian and French critics claimed the film contained pro-Serb propaganda.^[23]^[24]

French philosopher and writer Alain Finkielkraut, a supporter of the Croatian nationalist leader Franjo Tuđman,^[25] denounced the Cannes Film Festival's jury award, saying,

"In recognizing 'Underground', the Cannes jury thought it was honouring a creator with a thriving imagination. In fact, it has honoured a servile and flashy illustrator of criminal clichés. The Cannes jury highly praised a version of the most hackneyed and deceitful Serb propaganda. The devil himself could not have conceived so cruel an outrage against Bosnia, nor such a grotesque epilogue to Western incompetence and frivolity."^[24]

It was later revealed that Finkielkraut had not seen the film before writing his criticism.^[26]^[27]^[28]^[29] French philosopher Bernard-Henri Lévy made a film criticizing Underground.^[23]

In a discussion with Bernard-Henri Levy, the Slovenian philosopher Slavoj Žižek said,

"I hope we share another point, which is – to be brutal – hatred of [director] Emir Kusturica. Underground is one of the most horrible films that I've seen. What kind of Yugoslav society do you see in Kusturica's Underground? A society where people fornicate, drink, fight – a kind of eternal orgy."^[30]

The Sarajevo-born novelist Aleksandar Hemon, who emigrated to the United States before the war, said Underground downplayed Serbian atrocities by presenting "the Balkan war as a product of collective, innate, savage madness."^[31]

Politics [link]

Kusturica has been criticised for appearing to agree with Slobodan Milošević’s propaganda during the Bosnian War. Andrej Nikolaidis, a Montenegrin writer and columnist, wrote in the weekly Monitor:

"Considering he proclaimed his dead father a Serb, and himself, Emir, an Orthodox Christian, he easily chose his own in the Bosnian War. He recognized them in Radovan Karadžić and Ratko Mladić. He wasn't there to fire cannon barrages, but whenever he could, with his artistic and media get-up he provided them an alibi for every killed Muslim who didn't want to admit that he was originally an 'Orthodox Christian'."^{[cite this quote]}

Kusturica sued Nikolaidis and the Monitor newspaper for civil damages at the Supreme Court of Montenegro. In the end, Nikolaidis was ordered to pay $6,490 to Kusturica for calling the famed director a "media star of Milosevic's war machinery".^[32] The judge ruled that the evidence was not credible enough.^[33] In the end Nikolaidis and the paper were fined 12,000 euros for breaking the code of journalism by calling Kusturica "stupid, ugly and corrupt" in the article.^[34]

Kusturica is also known as a vocal supporter of Russian president Putin. In 2012, he said that as a Russian, he would vote for Putin, while as a British or American, he would fight Putin.^[35] Kusturica also appeared at Putin's 3rd inauguration in May 2012.^[36]

2010 Antalya festival [link]

In October 2010 Kusturica withdrew from the jury of Antalya Golden Orange Film Festival after being publicly criticized and accused by Turkish director Semih Kaplanoğlu and Turkish minister of culture Ertuğrul Günay over his alleged remarks and opinions about the Bosnian War.^[37]

The criticism of Kusturica was started by an organization called the Turkish-Bosnian Cultural Federation as soon as Kusturica was announced as a jury member.^[38] Turkish media reported that Kusturica repeatedly downplayed the number of killed people and the rape of Muslim women during the war.^[37] It was not clear when Kusturica was supposed to have made those comments, but the daily Milliyet said Kusturica denied the allegations.^[37]

Public sentiment in Turkey was whipped up against Kusturica to the point that a couple of days after Kusturica left Turkey, there were news reports about a mob of Turkish youths in Antalya physically assaulting Swiss actor Michael Neuenschwander (in town to promote his movie 180° – Wenn deine Welt plötzlich Kopf steht) because they mistook him for Kusturica due to apparent physical resemblance between the two.^[39] Later, Neuenschwander's press agent said there was no physical assault and that Neuenschwander was verbally abused by a small group.^[40]

Kusturica later commented on the incident:

“

I did receive a sincere apology from the mayor of Antalya Mustafa Akaydın over what happened. Essentially, I became collateral damage in the ongoing political fight between the central powers from the ruling coalition in Istanbul and the municipal authorities in Antalya where the local power is held by a social-democrat party. But regardless of everything, this is completely unacceptable on a basic level - when you're an invited guest somewhere, your hosts simply can not behave in this manner. And this run-in I had was with a part of Turkish society, the part that consists of highly-evolved primitives. I am not a politician and I'm not obliged to comment on and dissect every crime or genocide around the world. And then I got very angry and I told them if they're so sensitive about genocide it would be much better for them to publicly condemn the genocide they committed against the Armenian people, before having a go at me with accusatory statements. I clearly condemned the crimes in Bosnia, but the 'problem' is that I condemned the crimes committed by all sides, which makes me incompatible with the strategy they have for Bosnia.^[41]

”

Personal [link]

Mayor of Guadalajara Alfonso Petersen presents Kusturica with the keys to the city at Telmex Auditorium in March 2009

On Đurđevdan (St. George's Day) in 2005, he was baptised into the Serbian Orthodox Church as Nemanja Kusturica (Немања Кустурица) in Savina monastery near Herceg Novi, Montenegro.^[42]^[43] To his critics who considered this the final betrayal of his Bosnian Muslim roots, he replied that:

“

My father was an atheist and he always described himself as a Serb. OK, maybe we were Muslim for 250 years, but we were Orthodox before that and deep down we were always Serbs, religion cannot change that. We only became Muslims to survive the Turks.^[5]^[42]^[44]

”

Kusturica traces his family origin before the conversion to Islam, to the Babić family, precisely to a Kusturica that helped build the Arslanagić bridge in the 18th century, that hailed from Bileća (He took the surname Kusturica when Islamized).^[45]

At the 2007 parliamentary elections, he gave indirect support to Prime Minister Vojislav Koštunica and his center-right Democratic Party of Serbia.^[46] In 2007, he also supported the Serbian campaign Solidarity - Kosovo is Serbia, a campaign against the unilateral separation of the Serbian province of Kosovo.^[47]

He is currently living in Drvengrad, Serbia, the village which he had built for his film Life Is a Miracle. Kusturica holds Serbian and French citizenships.^{[citation needed]}

Kusturica received the Order of St. Sava, First Class, for his selfless care and presentation of the Serbian nation in the world, on May 12, 2012.^[48]

Marriage and family [link]

Emir Kusturica is married to Maja Mandić, daughter of a "Bosnian Serb (Miloš Mandić) and a Slovene-Croat (Ljerka Kušec). His children are Stribor, 30, and Dunja, 24."^[5]

Filmography [link]

As director

Guernica, 1978, short
The Brides Are Coming (Nevjeste dolaze), 1978, TV film
Buffet Titanic (Bife Titanik), 1979, TV film
Do You Remember Dolly Bell? (Sjećaš li se Dolly Bell), 1981
Nije čovjek ko ne umre, 1984, TV film
When Father Was Away on Business (Otac na službenom putu), 1985
Time of the Gypsies (Dom za vešanje), 1988
Arizona Dream, 1993
Underground (Podzemlje), 1995
Black Cat, White Cat (Crna mačka, beli mačor), 1998
Super 8 Stories, 2001, documentary
Life Is a Miracle (Život je čudo), 2004
Promise Me This (Zavet), 2007
Maradona, 2008, documentary
Tweaker's Delight, 2011 (pre-production)
Cool Water, 2012 (pre-production)
Wild Roses, Tender Roses, 2012 (pre-production)

As actor

Walter Defends Sarajevo, 1972
Underground (Podzemlje), 1995
The Widow of Saint-Pierre, 2000
The Good Thief, 2002
Strawberries in the Supermarket, 2004
L'affaire Farewell (Farewell), 2009
Hermano (film), 2010
Nicostratos le pélican (film), 2011
Au bonheur des ogres (The Scapegoat), based on Daniel Pennac's 1985 novel, 2012
7 Days in Havana

Awards [link]

1st prize on Student's Film Festival in Karlovy Vary, (1978) for Guernica
Golden Lion for "Best First Work" in Venice Film Festival, (1981) for Do You Remember Dolly Bell?
Golden palm Cannes Film Festival, (1985) for When Father Was Away on Business
FIPRESCI prize Cannes Film Festival, (1985) for When Father Was Away on Business
Best Foreign Language Academy Award Nomination, (1985) for When Father Was Away on Business
Best Director award at Cannes Film Festival, (1989) for Time of Gypsies^[49]
Silver Bear – Special Jury Prize at the Berlin Film Festival, (1993) for Arizona Dream^[50]
Golden Palm at Cannes Film Festival, (1995) for Underground^[51]
Silver Plate of best documentary at Chicago International Film Festival, (2001) for Super 8 Stories
Cinema Prize of the French Education System at Cannes Festival (2004) for Life is a Miracle
Best European Union Film at César Awards, (2005) for Life is a Miracle
Philippe Rotthier European Architecture Award, (2005) for Küstendorf village in Serbia
On 10 February 2007, Kusturica received Ordre des Arts et des Lettres, France's highest order in recognition of significant contribution to the arts.
Philippe Rotthier European Architecture Award for his ethnic village project Küstendorf (also called Drvengrad – “wooden town”) on Mt. Zlatibor, Serbia, in 2005. The prize is awarded every three years by the Brussels Foundation for Architecture.
In 2004, The Prix de l'Education nationale (National Education Prize) honored Emir Kusturica and his film Život je čudo (Life is a Miracle).
On 8 April 2011, Kusturica was the first person ever to receive "Momo Kapor award", for his book Death is an Unverified Rumour
In 2011, Kusturica won "Tipar award" for satire, awarded in the city of Pljevlja
Order of St. Sava, Serbian Orthodox Church's highest decoration, on 12 May 2012.

References [link]

^ ^a ^b Emir Kusturica. "Biography". Kustu.com. http://www.kustu.com/w2/en:biography. Retrieved 9 December 2010.
^ "Politika". Politika.rs. http://www.politika.rs/detaljno.php?nid=19321. Retrieved 2 April 2010.
^ "Ministere de la culture". Culture.gouv.fr. http://www.culture.gouv.fr/culture/actualites/communiq/donnedieu/kusturica.html. Retrieved 2 April 2010.
^ Croatia. "INTERVIEW: EMIR NEMANJA KUSTURICA, ''Globus'', February 2009". Globus.com.hr. http://www.globus.com.hr/Clanak.aspx?BrojID=307&ClanakID=8519&Stranica=4#. Retrieved 2 April 2010.
^ ^a ^b ^c Halpern, Dan (8 May 2005). "The (Mis)Directions of Emir Kusturica". The New York Times. http://www.nytimes.com/2005/05/08/magazine/08EMIR.html?_r=1. Retrieved 29 March 2010.
^ "Biography". Kustu.com. http://www.kustu.com/w2/en:biography. Retrieved 2 April 2010.
^ "Festival de Cannes: Promise Me This". festival-cannes.com. http://www.festival-cannes.com/en/archives/ficheFilm/id/4429309/year/2007.html. Retrieved 20 December 2009.
^ Emir Kusturica i Voja Brajović najavili su prvi filmski festival „Kustendorf" u Drvengradu na Mokroj Gori, PRESS, 14.12.2007
^ "Emir Kusturica named Chevalier of the Légion d’honneur". Festival de Cannes. 14 May 2011.
^ http://www.novosti.rs/vesti/kultura.71.html:305333-Kusturica-hit-Sajma
^ http://english.blic.rs/Culture-Showbiz/7046/When-not-said-is-more-important-than-said
^ http://kustu.com/w2/en:smrt_je_neprovjerena_glasina
^ Trece;Novosti
^ Bakice umalo nisu stradale zbog Kuste;MTS Mondo, 9 December 2010
^ „Neprovjerena glasina“ dobila stohiljaditog čitaoca;Večernje novosti, 17 February 2011
^ Dove sono in questa storia ISBN 978-88-07-01839-8
^ Où suis-je dans cette histoire ? ISBN 978-2-7096-1915-8
^ Der Tod ist ein unbestätigtes Gerücht;RandomHouse.de
^ Movie-maker, musician, architect: Emir Kusturica is coming to London, The Sunday Times
^ INTERNATIONAL FILM AND MUSIC FESTIVAL KUSTENDORF/
^ Почела градња "Андрићграда" (Serbian)
^ "Emir Kusturica: Encyclopedia II – Emir Kusturica – Controversy". Experiencefestival.com. http://www.experiencefestival.com/a/Emir_Kusturica_-_Controversy/id/5020343. Retrieved 2 April 2010.
^ ^a ^b Serb director tries for third triumph, The Guardian, 15 May 2004
^ ^a ^b Dispute Leads Bosnian to Quit Films, The New York Times, 5 December 1995
^ http://books.google.com/books?id=KZf7iYGxTfIC&lpg=PA120&ots=Q7FhIC_Mfc&dq=finkielkraut%20tudjman&pg=PA120#v=onepage&q=finkielkraut%20tudjman&f=false
^ "The polemic 'Underground'". Kustu.com. http://kustu.com/w2/en:polemics. Retrieved 2 April 2010.
^ Cédric Housez,Voltaire. ""Alain Finkielkraut and Bernard Henry Lévy, two propagandists of the 'clash of civilizations' ", Voltaire]". Voltairenet.org. http://www.voltairenet.org/article30277.html. Retrieved 2 April 2010.
^ "Faut-il brûler Underground?". L'Express. France. 19 October 1995. http://www.lexpress.fr/informations/faut-il-bruler-underground_610275.html. Retrieved 2 April 2010.
^ Notes from the underground: the ... – Google Books. Google Books. 2 June 1995. http://books.google.com/books?id=IDktuer8qcAC&lpg=PA42&ots=aRXRSjyxtH&dq=finkielkraut%20underground&pg=PA42#v=onepage&q=finkielkraut%20underground&f=false. Retrieved 2 April 2010.
^ "Slavoj Žižek interview". Euronews, shown again on Youtube.com. 13 September 2008. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EzM8tqjmCU8. Retrieved 2 April 2010.
^ Halpern, Dan (8 May 2005). "The (Mis)Directions of Emir Kusturica". The New York Times. http://www.nytimes.com/2005/05/08/magazine/08EMIR.html?pagewanted=2&_r=1. Retrieved 29 March 2010.
^ "Victoria Advocate". Newsbank. 17 November 2004. http://nl.newsbank.com/nl-search/we/Archives?p_product=VA&p_theme=va&p_action=search&p_maxdocs=200&p_topdoc=1&p_text_direct-0=1066699784919DBF&p_field_direct-0=document_id&p_perpage=10&p_sort=YMD_date:D&s_trackval=GooglePM. Retrieved 2 April 2010.
^ Il caso Kusturica, 23 February 2005 (in Italian)
^ "Blic Online | Vrhovni sud Crne Gore presudio u korist Kusturice". Blic.rs. http://www.blic.rs/hronika.php?id=110061. Retrieved 2 April 2010.
^ "RIA Novosti; Serb Director Kusturica Wants 'Evolution' for Russia". rian.ru. http://en.beta.rian.ru/society/20120222/171459782.html. Retrieved 8 May 2012.
^ "Smedia; Emir Kusturica na Putinovoj inauguraciji u Kremlju". smedia.sr. http://www.smedia.rs/vesti/vest/92536/Putin-polazio-predsednicku-zakletvu-Vladimir-Putin-Emir-Kusturica-Emir-Kusturica-na-Putinovoj-inauguraciji-u-Kremlju.html. Retrieved 8 May 2012.
^ ^a ^b ^c "Kusturica Quits Film Festival Jury in Turkey", ABC News, Retrieved on 11 October 2010.
^ Kritike Kusturice u Turskoj;Blic, 20 September 2010
^ Prebijen glumac koji liči na slavnog reditelja – Kusta: Dobro je da sam otišao iz Turske; Blic, 16 October 2010
^ Saldırıya uğramadı, sözlü tepki gördü; Haberturk, 16.10.2010(Turkish)
^ Youtube link
^ ^a ^b "Article about Kusturica's religion on". Pionirovglasnik.com. 26 July 2005. http://www.pionirovglasnik.com/index.php?category=39&content=315. Retrieved 2 April 2010.
^ "News of Kusturica's baptism". Hem.passagen.se. http://hem.passagen.se/hambarine/Vijesti/23072005Kusturica.htm. Retrieved 2 April 2010.
^ Emir Kusturica (4 March 2005). "An interview for Guardian". London: Film.guardian.co.uk. http://film.guardian.co.uk/interview/interviewpages/0,6737,1429569,00.html. Retrieved 2 April 2010.
^ Glas Javnosti, 19. January 2001, Ko je ovaj čovek: Emir Kusturica, by Zorica Vulić
^ "Film director Emir Kusturica attends the final pre-elections rally of Democratic Party of Serbia in Belgrade 17 January 2007". (Reuters), 2space.net. 1 January 1970. http://www.2space.net/news/article.php?art=15890&ut=1169058300. Retrieved 2 April 2010.
^ Iva Martinović (12 November 2007). "Radio Slobodna Evropa article". Slobodnaevropa.org. http://www.slobodnaevropa.org/content/Article/719300.html. Retrieved 2 April 2010.
^ B92, Patrijarh odlikovao Kusturicu, 12.05.2012
^ "Festival de Cannes: Time of the Gypsies". festival-cannes.com. http://www.festival-cannes.com/en/archives/ficheFilm/id/227/year/1989.html. Retrieved 1 August 2009.
^ Berlinale annual archives – 1993
^ "Festival de Cannes: Underground". festival-cannes.com. http://www.festival-cannes.com/en/archives/ficheFilm/id/3377/year/1995.html. Retrieved 5 September 2009.

Bibliography [link]

Gocic, Goran: "The Cinema of Emir Kusturica: Notes from the Underground", Wallflower Press, London, 2001.
Irodanova, Dina: Emir Kusturica. London. British Film Institute 2002.
Imsirevic, Almir: "Based on a Truth Story", Sarajevo, 2007.

External links [link]

Wikiquote has a collection of quotations related to: Emir Kusturica

Emir Kusturica at the Internet Movie Database
No Smoking Orchestra – Band official site
Komuna Belgrade
Indie Wire, Interview with Kusturica on Black Cat, White Cat
RTS interview, 26 April 2006 (Serbian)
Etno selo Nemanje Kusturice na Mećavniku, May, 2007 – www.ciode.ca (Serbian)

v t e Festival de Cannes (Cannes Film Festival) Prix de la mise en scène (Best Director) 1980–1999

Werner Herzog (1982) Robert Bresson/Andrei Tarkovsky (1983) Bertrand Tavernier (1984) André Téchiné (1985) Martin Scorsese (1986) Wim Wenders (1987) Fernando Solanas (1988) Emir Kusturica (1989) Pavel Lungin (1990) Joel Coen (1991) Robert Altman (1992) Mike Leigh (1993) Nanni Moretti (1994) Mathieu Kassovitz (1995) Joel Coen (1996) Wong Kar-wai (1997) John Boorman (1998) Pedro Almodóvar (1999)

Complete list (1946–1959) (1960–1979) (1980–1999) (2000–2019)

v t e Golden Arena for Best Director at the Pula Film Festival

Yugoslav competition (1955–1990)	František Čáp (1955) Branko Bauer (1956) Soja Jovanović (1957) Nikola Tanhofer (1958) Jože Babič (1959) Veljko Bulajić (1960) N/A (1961) N/A (1962) Branko Bauer / Igor Pretnar (1963) Žika Mitrović / France Štiglic (1964) Aleksandar Petrović (1965) Vatroslav Mimica (1966) Aleksandar Petrović / Puriša Đorđević (1967) Živojin Pavlović (1968) Fedor Škubonja (1969) Krsto Papić (1970) Kiril Cenevski (1971) Aleksandar Petrović (1972) Matjaž Klopčič (1973) Zdravko Velimirović (1974) Matjaž Klopčič (1975) Goran Paskaljević (1976) Živojin Pavlović (1977) Srđan Karanović (1978) Fadil Hadžić (1979) Goran Paskaljević (1980) N/A (1981) Miloš Radivojević (1982) Srđan Karanović (1983) Rajko Grlić (1984) Emir Kusturica (1985) Lordan Zafranović (1986) Vladimir Blaževski (1987) Žarko Dragojević (1988) Jože Pogačnik (1989) Filip Robar Dorin (1990)

Croatian competition (1992–present)	Krsto Papić (1992) Davor Žmegač (1993) N/A (1994) Zrinko Ogresta (1995) Vinko Brešan (1996) Goran Rušinović (1997) Krsto Papić (1998) Zrinko Ogresta (1999) Lukas Nola (2000) Lukas Nola (2001) Dalibor Matanić (2002) Vinko Brešan (2003) Antun Vrdoljak (2004) Tomislav Radić (2005) Antonio Nuić (2006) Kristijan Milić (2007) Arsen Anton Ostojić (2008) Zvonimir Jurić & Goran Dević (2009) Rajko Grlić (2010) Dalibor Matanić (2011)

v t e Films by Emir Kusturica

1980s	Do You Remember Dolly Bell? (1981) When Father Was Away on Business (1985) Time of the Gypsies (1988)

1990s	Arizona Dream (1993) Underground (1995) Black Cat, White Cat (1998)

2000s	Life Is a Miracle (2004) Promise Me This (2007)

Documentaries	Super 8 Stories (2001) Maradona (2008)

Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Emir Kusturica

Persondata
Name	Kusturica, Emir
Alternative names	Nemanja
Short description	Film director and screenwriter
Date of birth	24 December 1954
Place of birth	Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina
Date of death
Place of death

This page contains text from Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emir_Kusturica

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