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Home Box Office (HBO) | |
---|---|
Launched | November 8, 1972 |
Owned by | Home Box Office Inc. Time-Life (1972-1989) Time Warner (1989-) |
Picture format | 480i (SDTV) 1080i (HDTV) |
Slogan | It's not TV. It's HBO. |
Country | United States |
Broadcast area | Nationwide |
Headquarters | New York, NY |
Sister channel(s) | Cinemax |
Website | HBO.com HBO Latino (Spanish) HBO Family HBO Go |
Availability | |
Satellite | |
DirecTV | 501 HBO (east) (SD/HD) 502 HBO2 (east) (SD/HD) 503 HBO Signature (SD/HD) 504 HBO (west) (SD/HD) 505 HBO2 (west) (SD/HD) 506 HBO Comedy (HD) 507 HBO Family (east) (SD/HD) 508 HBO Family (west) 509 HBO Zone (HD) 511 HBO Latino (SD/HD) 1501 HBO On Demand |
Dish Network | 300 HBO (east) HD 301 HBO2 (east) HD 302 HBO Signature HD 303 HBO (west) HD 304 HBO2 (west) 305 HBO Family HD 307 HBO Comedy HD 308 HBO Zone HD 309 HBO Latino HD |
Cable | |
Available on all cable systems | Check local listings for channels |
Verizon FIOS | 400-413 (SD) 899-913 (HD) |
IPTV | |
AT&T U-verse | See AT&T U-verse channel lineup |
BT Vision (United Kingdom) |
Programmes available on-demand |
HBO (Home Box Office) is an American premium cable television network, owned by Time Warner, under the operating subsidiary Home Box Office Inc. As of January 2012[update], HBO's programming reaches 29 million subscribers in the United States,[1] making it the second largest premium network in the United States (Encore's programming reaches 33.2 million subscribers as of March 2012[update]).[2] In addition to its U.S. subscriber base, HBO also broadcasts in at least 151 countries worldwide.[3]
HBO's programming consists primarily of theatrically released motion pictures and original series, along with made-for-cable movies and documentaries, boxing matches, and occasional stand-up comedy and concert specials.
Contents |
In 1965, Charles Dolan, who had already done pioneering work in the commercial use of cables, won a franchise to build a cable system in Lower Manhattan in New York.[4] The new system, which Dolan called "Sterling Manhattan Cable", became the first urban underground cable system in the United States. Rather than stringing cable on telephone poles or using microwave antennas to receive the signals, Sterling laid underground cable beneath the streets of Manhattan — because the multitude of tall buildings blocked television signals. In the same year Time-Life, Inc. purchased 20 percent of Dolan's company.[5][6]
Dolan presented his "Green Channel" idea to Time-Life management, and though satellite distribution seemed only a distant possibility at the time, he persuaded Time Life to back him. Soon afterwards, on November 8, 1972, "The Green Channel" became "Home Box Office". HBO began using a network of microwave relay towers to distribute its programming.[7][8][9] The first program and film broadcast on HBO, Sometimes a Great Notion, starred Paul Newman and Henry Fonda. It transmitted with a CATV system in Wilkes-Barre, Pennsylvania (a plaque commemorating this event is found in Wilkes-Barre's downtown Public Square).[8] HBO's first sports event was broadcast immediately afterwards, an NHL hockey game from Madison Square Garden featuring the New York Rangers and the Vancouver Canucks.
Sterling Manhattan Cable lost money because the company had only a small subscriber base of 20,000 customers in Manhattan. Dolan's media partner, Time-Life, Inc., gained 80-percent control of Sterling and decided to pull the plug on the Sterling Manhattan operation. Time Life dropped the Sterling name to become Manhattan Cable Television and gained control of HBO in March 1973. Gerald Levin replaced Dolan as HBO's President and Chief Executive Officer. In September 1973, Time-Life, Inc. completed its acquisition of the pay service. HBO was soon the fastest growing TV pay service in America, but the churn rate was exceptionally high. Subscribers would sample the service for a few weeks, get weary of seeing the same films, and then cancel. HBO was struggling and something had to be done. When HBO first came to Lawrence, Massachusetts, the idea was to allow subscribers to preview the service for free on channel 3. After a month, the service moved to channel 6 and was scrambled. The preview proved popular, obtaining many subscriptions and the concept was used elsewhere.
On September 30, 1975, HBO became the first TV network to continuously deliver signals via satellite when it showed the "Thrilla in Manila" boxing-match between Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier.[7][10] HBO switched its domestic satellite transmissions from Westar 1 to Satcom 1 in February 1976 and by 1977 was joined by Ted Turner's Atlanta superstation WTCG-TV (soon to become WTBS) and Pat Robertson's Christian Broadcasting Network (later to become the present-day ABC Family), laying the foundation for satellite delivery in the modern cable television industry.[7][11]
The network had broadcast only for nine hours a day for its first nine years on air, from 3 p.m. to midnight ET. In September 1981, HBO began broadcasting a 24-hour schedule on weekends, until midnight ET on Sunday nights. On December 28, 1981, HBO expanded its programming schedule to 24 hours a day, seven days per week (Cinemax had a 24-hour schedule from its launch, and Showtime and The Movie Channel went to a 24-hour schedule earlier). On August 1, 1980, HBO launched a companion network, Cinemax, a movie-based pay service created as HBO's answer to The Movie Channel; in its early years, Cinemax carried music specials and some limited original programming such as SCTV and Max Headroom, in addition to movies, but the network has since become known for airing softcore adult films and series during its late night schedule, and has forayed into original programming with the addition of weekly action series to its lineup in August 2011.
In 1983, HBO's first original movie and the first made-for-pay-TV movie The Terry Fox Story premiered. That year also saw the premiere of the first kids' show broadcast on the channel: Fraggle Rock; HBO continued to air various original programs aimed at children until 2001, when such programs were almost completely moved over to HBO Family.[12] HBO became involved in several legal suits during the 1980s; these involved cable systems and legal statutes imposed by state and city laws that would have censored some programming on HBO and other pay-TV networks. In January 1986, HBO also became the first satellite network to encrypt its signal from unauthorized viewing by way of the Videocipher II System. Four months later, HBO became a victim of broadcast signal intrusion when satellite TV dealer John R. MacDougall, a man calling himself "Captain Midnight", intercepted the network's signal during a movie presentation of The Falcon and the Snowman. The Federal Communications Commission subsequently prosecuted MacDougall.
In 1987, HBO launched a short-lived channel, Festival.[13] Festival featured classic movies and recent hit movies, along with specials and documentaries from HBO. Distinctively, Festival's programmers aimed to provide family-friendly fare; R-rated movies were edited for broadcast and only high-quality series, specials and movies were shown. Also, the pricing for subscribing to the channel was cheaper than HBO and Cinemax. Only a few cable systems carried Festival and the channel shut down in late 1988.[14] In 1988, HBO's userbase expanded greatly on account of the Writers Guild of America going on strike; HBO had new programming while standard television channels could only broadcast reruns. In 1989, HBO compared programming against pay-television network Showtime, with the slogan "Nobody Brings it Home Like HBO", using the Tina Turner single "The Best".[15]
When Time Inc. merged with Warner Communications in 1989, HBO became part of Time Warner (which as of 2011[update], continues to serve as the parent company of the network). Coincidentally, Warner Communications had created rival The Movie Channel (now owned by CBS Corporation) in the late 1970s before Viacom, which purchased a 50% stake in The Movie Channel in 1983, bought Warner's remaining half-ownership of that network in 1985.[16]
In 1991, HBO and Cinemax became the first premium services to offer multiplexing to cable customers.[17] Providing multiple options of HBO and Cinemax instead of just single channel services, HBO2 (renamed HBO Plus from 1998 to 2002) and Cinemax 2 (known as MoreMax since 1998) debuted to three cable systems in Wisconsin, Kansas and Texas. The move proved successful, resulting in HBO and Cinemax launching additional multiplex channels of its service, HBO 3 (launched in 1995, renamed HBO Signature in 1998), HBO Family (launched in 1996), HBO Comedy & HBO Zone (launched in 1999) and HBO Latino, a Latin-themed channel of HBO (launched in 2000). Cinemax also launched the multiplex services Cinemax 3 (launched in 1996, ActionMax in 1998), ThrillerMax (launched in 1998) and WMax, @Max, OuterMax and 5StarMax (all launched in 2001). In 1993, HBO became the world's first digitally transmitted television service.[citation needed] HBO.com, subsequently well known for its online web shows, launched in 1995.
Before 1997, HBO did know success to some extent with shows such as Tales from the Crypt, Dream On, Tracey Takes On..., Mr. Show, and Arliss. HBO did have a series that gained major success although not commercially as successful as shows on the Big Three networks and Fox the show did enjoy a cult status, critical acclaim, and did get nominated for and won many major awards.[18] This series is The Larry Sanders Show and the show is arguably HBO's flagship series during the 90's and possibly the entire HBO time period before 1997. The show is the only HBO comedy to make TV Guide's 50 Greatest TV Shows of All Time list and it was also on Time Magazine's list of 100 Best TV Shows of All Time and is ranked by various critics and fans as one of the best TV comedies of the 1990s.[19] The series ranked #38 on TV Guide's 50 Greatest TV Shows of All Time, the only HBO comedy to make the list.[20] It was also included in Time magazine's list of the "100 Best TV Shows of All Time."[21] Other shows which subsequently aired on HBO, such as Curb Your Enthusiasm, Extras, and Entourage, have used traits from the show.
HBO has developed many original programs before and since 1997, which has earned the channel numerous Emmy awards.[22] As a subscription-only service, HBO does not carry "normal" commercials; instead the network runs promotions for upcoming HBO programs and behind-the-scenes featurettes between programs. This relieves HBO from some pressures to tone down controversial aspects of its programs, and allows for explicit content, such as graphic violence, sex, and profanity, to be aired.
Beginning in 1997, with its first one-hour dramatic narrative series Oz, HBO started a trend that became commonplace with premium cable providers. Although critically acclaimed, it was not until 1999, when their second one-hour narrative series The Sopranos premiered, that the network achieved both critical mass and Emmy success. In its six-season run, The Sopranos received 111 Emmy nominations, resulting in 21 wins - two of them for the Emmy for Best Drama. In 1999, HBO became the first national cable TV network to broadcast a high-definition simulcast channel. In July 2001, HBO launched the first premium subscription video-on-demand enhancement in the United States, called HBO on Demand, to Time Warner Cable subscribers in Columbia, South Carolina. A few years later in 2002, HBO launched a new show called The Wire; that although it did not surpass The Sopranos' ratings-wise, it did however surpass it critically and academically and further cemented HBO's reputation as being a network that produced quality programming. The series ran for five seasons over six years.
HBO subscribers generally pay for an extra "tier" of service even before paying for the channel itself (though HBO often prices all of its channels together in a single package). However, federal law requires that a cable system allow a person to get just basic cable, local broadcast channels, Public, educational, and government access (PEG) Channels and HBO, without subscribing to expanded service.[23][24] Cable systems can require the use of a converter box (usually digital) to receive HBO.
Other networks and local syndication have re-aired several HBO programs (usually after some editing), and a number of HBO works have become available on DVD. Since HBO's more successful series, most notably Sex and the City, The Sopranos, The Wire, Curb Your Enthusiasm, Entourage, Deadwood, Six Feet Under, Boardwalk Empire, Game of Thrones, and True Blood, go to air on non-cable networks in other countries, such as in the United Kingdom, Canada, Australia and much of Europe, HBO programming has the potential of exposure to a higher percentage of the population of those countries as compared to the U.S. Because of the high cost of HBO,[citation needed] many Americans only view HBO programs on DVDs or in basic cable or broadcast syndication, months or even years after the network has first broadcast the programs, and with editing for advertising time and content, although several series have filmed alternate 'clean' scenes meant for syndication runs.[25]
As of 2012[update], continuing a long-held policy, the primary HBO channel still does not run R-rated films or TV-MA rated programming before 8 p.m. (Eastern and Pacific),[26] despite the existence of the V-chip and even after all of its rival premium services began including R-rated films on their daytime schedule as early as the mid-1980s. However, since 2010, a minimal amount of TV-MA rated programming, generally programs that contain some strong profanity and violence but are largely devoid of nudity, and graphic violent and/or sexual content (such as Real Time with Bill Maher), has aired on weekends during the daytime hours on the main HBO channel.[27] HBO's multiplex channels (excluding HBO Family, which does not run R-rated films or programs with a TV-MA rating at all)[28] will air TV-MA and R-rated programming during the daytime. This policy may have once stemmed from the availability of HBO on analog cable tiers (while the multiplex channels generally required digital cable or at least scrambling).
The HBO pay service consists of seven multiplex channels and a video on demand service (HBO On Demand). HBO also packages the Eastern and Pacific feeds of the main channel together, allowing viewers a second chance to watch the same movie/program three hours later/earlier — depending on their geographic location. However, some cable systems only offer the main channel (and in some cases, HBO2) in this manner. However, it does not allow most NC-17 rated films.
HBO provides 1080i high definition simulcast feeds of all seven of its multiplex channels. HBO HD is available on Cox Communications, DirecTV, Charter Communications, Time Warner Cable, Dish Network, Xfinity (by Comcast), AT&T U-verse, Verizon FiOS and several other major cable providers, although few providers offer all seven multiplex channels in HD.
In 1991, HBO and Cinemax became the first premium services to offer multiplexed services to cable customers as companions to the main network, offering multiplex services of HBO and Cinemax to three cable systems in Overland Park, Kansas, Richardson and Plano, Texas, and Racine, Wisconsin operated by TeleCable.[30] A year later, research from A.C. Nielsen Co. showed that multiplex delivery of HBO and Cinemax had positive impact on subscriber usage and attitudes, including subscribers' retention of pay cable subscriptions.[citation needed] HBO2 was launched as a multiplex channel in 1992, launching on these three systems.
In 1995, HBO3 was launched, and a year later HBO Family was launched, becoming the first family-oriented multiplex service of a premium channel (Showtime, Starz and Encore have similar family-oriented multiplex channels). In April 1998 the HBO multiplex channels became collectively known as "HBO The Works", and the Cinemax channels became known as "MultiMax". Also, HBO2 and HBO3 underwent major rebrands: HBO2 was renamed HBO Plus, and HBO3 became HBO Signature (a network aimed at women). In May of the following year, HBO Comedy & HBO Zone (a network aimed at young adults) were launched[31] and in 2000, HBO Latino, a Latino-themed channel of HBO was launched (HBO also offered a Spanish-language enhancement called HBO En Español, airing select HBO programs in Spanish via second audio programming (SAP), that was launched in 1988). Finally in 2002, HBO Plus reverted back to its original HBO2 name.
The HBO Multiplex became collectively known under the name "HBO The Works" for several years starting in 1998, while the Cinemax channels became known as "MultiMax". As of 2009[update] the HBO multiplex, individually, has no "official" name. However, HBO and Cinemax's respective multiplex packages are referred collectively as the "HBO/MAX Pak".[32] Subscribers of DirecTV, Dish Network and some cable providers can get the Cinemax networks without subscribing to HBO, though most cable providers offer the two services and their respective multiplexes as a package.
HBO Family launched in 1996 as a family-oriented multiplex channel of HBO.[33] It was originally launched in 1990 as HBO For Kids and was rebranded under the "HBO Family" name six years later. HBO Family programming consists of educational and original programs for preschoolers from 6 a.m. to noon (Eastern and Pacific time). Programs during this time include The Road Runner Show, Kids On, Crashbox, Stuart Little, Harold and the Purple Crayon, The Little Lulu Show, A Little Curious, George and Martha, Happily Ever After: Fairy Tales for Every Child, The Adventures of Paddington Bear, HBO Storybook Musicals and others; from 12 p.m. to 6 a.m. ET, the channel's schedule consists of G, PG and PG-13 rated movies, along with some original specials. No R-rated or TV-MA rated programs are broadcast on the channel. Times may vary depending on which feed (east or west) they are provided by their satellite or cable provider.
As of 2011, HBO Family's on-air look is the same as HBO's other multiplexed channels. Prior to 2011, HBO Family's on-air look was different from HBO's other multiplexed channels. Between programs until 2007, HBO Family provided graphic text at the end of promo spots displaying the date and time for the next airdate of that program, something that the original HBO had done but now is no longer provided in this format, HBO Family now only references most programs as airing this month or the following month with typically no reference to a specific air date and time.[34] Also during the interstitial programming, viewers of HBO Family are shown interstitials aimed at families and an HBO Family ID before a movie.
HBO Latino was originally launched on January 2, 1989 as Selecciones en Español de HBO y Cinemax (Spanish selections from HBO and Cinemax), as the Spanish-language service from HBO. The service was originally restricted to Spanish-language broadcasts of live boxing matches which HBO has rights for (except for others, already broadcast in Spanish on Galavisión and others), first-run movies from HBO's movie suppliers dubbed into Spanish (then HBO was still owned by Time, Inc. soon to be merged with Warner Communications, to form Time Warner) and first-run Spanish-language movies (mostly from Mexico, Argentina and Spain). Selecciones en Español was renamed HBO en Español on September 27, 1993.[35] It was eventually changed to its current name, HBO Latino on October 31, 2000. HBO Latino began to broadcast HBO original series dubbed into Spanish. Beginning in 2004, however, HBO Latino began to screen original Spanish-language programming (mostly from HBO Latin America). In 2006, it began to add Portuguese language programming to its schedule. The original boxing anthology series, Boxeo de Oro has been a staple of HBO Latino since its inception in 2000.
HBO Latino largely serves as a simulcast of the main HBO channel, albeit with the alternate Spanish-language audio track (that can also be accessed on the main HBO channel, via the Secondary Audio Program function on TVs and digital cable-ready converter boxes) dubbed over the program, but with limited program substitutions and differences in network promotions featured in-between programs. HBO Family, along with HBO Latino, have the distinction of being the only HBO spin-offs with their own websites; all the others are integrated within the main HBO site. The site includes schedules and more.
HBO on Demand is the video on demand counterpart to HBO; it offers movies, original series and specials previously seen on the network.[36] The service is provided at no additional costs to HBO subscribers, who already pay a premium fee to cable and satellite providers regularly just have access to the channel. By reducing the frequency in which viewers were unable to find a program they would like to watch, as well as limiting cancellations to the service for the same reason, HBO launched HBO on Demand, allowing access to the channel's programing on their customers' times.
The standard definition and high definition versions of the HBO on Demand service are available on most cable and satellite providers, delivered to customers who subscribe to the linear HBO channels at no additional charge. On January 3, 2011, HBO became the first premium channel and the first cable network to offer a 3D-only VOD service as it launched a subscription video on demand service offering select feature films in 3D to Time Warner Cable, Comcast and Verizon FiOS customers who subscribe to the HBO service.[37]
On February 18, 2010, HBO launched HBO GO, a web site which features 600 hours of content available for streaming in standard or high definition. Content includes HBO original programming, movies, comedy specials, documentaries, sports, and late night adult programming.[38] It is available to HBO subscribers of Verizon FIOS,[39] AT&T U-verse, Google TV,[40] Cox Communications, Comcast,[41] DirecTV,[42] Dish Network,[43] Suddenlink Communications,[44] and Charter Communications.[45] The HBO GO iPad, iPhone, and Android app launched on April 29, 2011.[46] The app was downloaded over one million times in its first week,[47] and had over three million downloads by the end of June 2011.[48] Time Warner Cable is projected to launch HBO GO in January 2012 after beta testing is complete.
HBO GO is the successor to HBO on Broadband, originally launched in January 2008 to Time Warner Cable customers in Green Bay and Milwaukee, Wisconsin.[49][50] It featured 400 hours of movies and original series that could be downloaded to computers, at no extra charge for HBO subscribers; viewers had to be a digital cable customer who was an HBO subscriber, and used their cable company as their internet service provider. Programming included 130 movie titles that rotated monthly and top hits ranging from movies, series and specials.
On October 11, 2011, it was announced that HBO GO would be available through the Roku streaming player, though under the same requirements that a cable or satellite subscription to HBO is required. It is unknown if there are any plans to offer HBO GO on a stand alone subscription basis like some channels are offered on Roku.[51][52]
As of March 27, 2012, HBO GO is available on Xbox 360 as an app; both HBO GO and Xbox Live Gold subscriptions are required to use the app.[53]
Since 1977, HBO has produced original programming, which includes dramas and comedies in addition to its slate of theatrical films. Most of these shows are intended for adults, and often feature suggestive themes and high amounts of profanity, violence, and nudity - content that would be much more difficult to get on basic cable or over-the-air broadcast channels, for fear of losing sponsors.
As of 2011[update], HBO has exclusive first-run licensing deals with DreamWorks Animation (which last until 2013, at which time the Netflix streaming service will assume pay-TV rights),[54] 20th Century Fox, Universal Studios, Focus Features, and network sister companies Warner Bros. and New Line Cinema. HBO also held rights to live-action films from DreamWorks Pictures, but it relinquished those rights at the end of 2010, when the distribution rights shifted from Paramount Pictures to Touchstone Pictures (whose films are broadcast by Showtime through a distribution agreement with Walt Disney Motion Pictures Group). On May 2011, HBO announced a licensing agreement with Summit Entertainment to obtain pay-cable rights to theatrically released films from the studio released between 2013 and 2017, after Summit's exclusive licensing deal with Showtime expires in late 2012.[55]
HBO also shows sub-runs (runs of films that have already received broadcast network/syndicated television releases) of theatrical films from Viacom subsidiaries Paramount Pictures and Republic Pictures, Universal Pictures, The Walt Disney Company, Sony Pictures, Fox Searchlight (select films from all five studios are shared with Starz and Encore), Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer, DreamWorks Pictures, and Lionsgate. Starting in 2008 and continuing so forth, HBO also has exclusive pay-cable rights to its own in-house theatrical films made through HBO Films.
Usually films which HBO has pay-cable rights to will also run on Cinemax during its time of license, although some feature films from the aforementioned studios that HBO and Cinemax have broadcast rights to will make their premium television debut on Cinemax several weeks before its premiere on HBO.
As previously mentioned, HBO's first sports broadcast was of a New York Rangers / Vancouver Canucks game, transmitted to a CATV system in Wilkes Barre, Pennsylvania on November 8, 1972. HBO is known for its boxing match-ups including those shown on HBO World Championship Boxing. In 1975, the "Thrilla in Manila" boxing match between Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier aired on HBO and was the first program on the pay-cable network to air via satellite. Also in 1975, HBO began airing coverage of Wimbledon and did so until 1999. Coverage then moved to sister network TNT and later to ESPN2.
In 1973, HBO aired a World Wide Wrestling Federation event from Madison Square Garden, headlined by George Steele facing Pedro Morales. The event has aired as part of the WWE 24/7 on-demand service. During the mid-1970s, HBO aired several NBA and ABA basketball games (notably, the last ABA Final in 1976, between the New York Nets and Denver Nuggets) as well as some NHL hockey games. HBO Sports also aired PBA bowling events during the 1970s. Dick Stockton was the play-by-play announcer and Skee Foremsky was the color commentator.[56]
In 1977, HBO launched Inside the NFL, the channel's longest-running program, but cancelled it in February 2008, with rival pay TV network Showtime picking up the series starting in September 2008. HBO launched Boxing After Dark in 1996, showcasing some of boxing's newest talents. HBO currently operates HBO PPV (formerly TVKO) to broadcast boxing matches to pay-per-view subscribers.
In 2001, HBO hired Bob Costas to host a 12-episode sports show called On the Record with Bob Costas. A revamped version of On the Record began in 2005, Costas Now, which ended its run in 2009. Both shows are very similar to another HBO sports show called Real Sports with Bryant Gumbel that currently runs on the network. The channel debuted another sports show Joe Buck Live, hosted by longtime baseball commentator Joe Buck in 2009. HBO and NFL Films have also jointly produced Hard Knocks, which follows a team in training camp and their preparations for the upcoming NFL season. The series, which first premiered in 2001, returned in August 2009 to document the Cincinnati Bengals.[57]
HBO Sports has been headed by several well-known television executives over the years, including its founder Steve Powell (later head of Programming at ESPN), Dave Meister (later head of The Tennis Channel), Seth Abraham (later head of Madison Square Garden Sports) and Ross Greenburg.
Many of HBO's documentary series appear under the America Undercover brand. Among the regular AU features are Real Sex and Autopsy.
In 2004, guided by human rights activist Ansar Burney, an HBO team for Real Sports with Bryant Gumbel used a hidden camera to document slavery and torture in secret desert camps where boys under the age of five were trained to race camels, a national sport in the United Arab Emirates (UAE). This half-hour investigative report exposed a carefully hidden child slavery ring that bought or kidnapped hundreds of young boys in Pakistan and Bangladesh. These boys were then forced to become camel jockeys in the UAE. The report also questioned the sincerity of U.S. diplomacy in pressuring an ally, the UAE, to comply with its own stated policy of banning the use of children under 15 from camel racing.
The documentary won a Sports Emmy Award in 2004 for "Outstanding Sports Journalism" and the 2006 Alfred I. DuPont-Columbia University Award for outstanding broadcast journalism. It also brought world attention to the plight of child camel jockeys in the Middle East and helped Ansar Burney Trust to convince the governments of Qatar and the UAE to end the use of children in this sport.
HBO is also noted for its Sports of the 20th Century documentary brand. One of its most recent documentaries was Dare to Dream about the U.S. Women's Soccer Team and their effort to make a difference. This documentary featured Mia Hamm, Kristine Lilly, Brandi Chastain, Joy Fawcett, and Julie Foudy.
In 2006, film director Spike Lee made a four-hour documentary on Hurricane Katrina called When the Levees Broke: A Requiem in Four Acts, which was broken up into two parts. Also in 2006, documentary artist Lauren Greenfield directed a feature length film about four young women struggling with eating disorders in the Renfrew Clinic in Florida, called Thin. 2008 saw the US television premiere of the documentary film Baghdad High, which depicted the lives of four boys attending a high school in Baghdad, Iraq, over the course of one year in the form of a video diary. The documentary was filmed by the boys themselves, who were given video cameras for the project.[58]
In November 2008, HBO paid low seven figures for U.S. TV rights to Amy Rice and Alicia Sams's documentary, By the People: The Election of Barack Obama. It covers Obama's 2006 trip to Africa, his presidential primary campaign, the 2008 general election and his inauguration. The documentary has been released to theatres in New York and Los Angeles and aired in November 2009.[59]
When the network launched in 1972, HBO's logo featured the channel's full name "HOME BOX OFFICE" and a ticket stub surrounded by a marquee light design. In 1975, it began using an uppercase 'HBO' with a circle inside the 'O'; however for the first few years, the logo featured the 'O' cutting into the 'B'. The logo was modified in 1980 (not completely replacing the original until 1981) when HBO started using the current version of the logo with the 'B' and the 'O' still attached to each other but with the 'O' no longer intercutting the 'B'. The simplicity of the logo makes it fairly easy to duplicate, something HBO has taken advantage of many times over the years. The logo became iconic due to what is perhaps the network's most famous program-opening sequence, "HBO in Space", used from 1982 until 1997, and produced by Liberty Studios of New York City in 1982 and debuted on the network later that year.[60] The original full version begins with a look in a window at a family (sometimes only a husband and wife) sitting down to watch TV, with their cable box and/or TV tuned to HBO (that part was later replaced with a cloudscape). It then pans and flies through a cityscape and into the countryside and then moves up into outer space, where a starburst appears and the HBO logo (in starship form) appears and rotates toward the camera before multi-colored beams move around the "O" and take the camera inside it, where the type of program is revealed (generally the feature presentation). For many years, HBO also used a shortened version of this opening sequence which began with a fade in to show the starry night sky. The starburst (or stargate effect) occurs, and the logo flies towards you as in the regular opening. Several versions of the intro appear on YouTube, including one posted by HBO's official YouTube channel.[61] The accompanying fanfare, originally composed by Ferdinand Jay Smith III of Jay Advertising for Score Productions, has been re-orchestrated several times over the years, with arrangements from the traditional horns to piano. The current feature presentation bumper still uses a modified version of this theme.
Another famous HBO ID, "Neon Lights," designated non-8 p.m. movies from December 1986 to 1997. The sequence, set to an electric guitar theme, begins with a purple HBO logo on a vertical filmstrip as light rays shoot through it; the camera then pans around several CG slots glowing in blue, green and pink until a light flash hits several spheres glowing in various rainbow colors. The spheres zoom out forming the HBO logo in light purple with "Movie" written in cursive in magenta with the rainbow spheres on a black background behind the words.[62]
Between 1997 and 1999 HBO used several "Feature Presentation" opens which showed the HBO logo in different situations, such as a fish in water, a celebrity in a limo, a large HBO logo chasing a man, and on the rooftop of a building.
The next HBO "Feature Presentation" bumper used from 1999 until April 1, 2011 also used CGI graphics. The version seen every day featured the camera flying over ground as spotlights rapidly turn on, one by one. The camera suddenly slows, begins to face the "ground" and reveals a HBO logo-shaped lake, and the words "Feature Presentation" appear one by one, in 3D. The full version, only seen during Friday, Saturday, and Sunday night movies, began on a city street, showing a movie theater marquee which reads "HBO FEATURE PRESENTATION" in all caps. The camera zooms into a box office booth and then flashes, changes scenery and zooms through a country road passing under a "H"-shaped tower, then a snowy mountain road jumping over a drop-down cliff, and goes through a "B"-shaped tunnel on the other side, then rapidly coming upon a desert road catching up to a "O"-shaped tanker truck. It then appears in a urban neighborhood with skyscrapers visible in the background passing by houses and stores, and a city bus. The road becomes a bridge, coming upon the downtown of the city, bypassing the buildings seen earlier. The same animation that is seen in the more common shorter version then plays as usual.[63]
The current HBO "Feature Presentation" bumper used since April 2, 2011 features a blue aurora background, the HBO logo, and the words "Feature Presentation".
HBO bucks the general trend in pay-TV networks (including the themed networks of sister channel Cinemax) and does not brand programming with digital on-screen graphic logos of the main network and each respective theme channel.[64]
Source:[65]
HBO has expanded considerably with its HBO and Cinemax family of networks as well as influencing television- and film-production.
In 1990, HBO launched HBO Independent Productions, a production company that produced mainly sitcoms for broadcast and basic cable television, including Martin, Roc and Everybody Loves Raymond (distributed by CBS Television Distribution). HBO Downtown Productions launched a year later, producing comedy specials for the network as well as content for Comedy Central (which HBO formerly co-owned).
HBO also operates HBO Films, established in 1999 as a reconfiguration and consolidation of its former movie divisions, HBO NYC Productions and HBO Pictures. HBO also operated another film-division called HBO Showcase, which ceased in 1996 to become HBO NYC Productions.
HBO has participated in a number of joint ventures:
Various products have used the HBO trademark. In 2005, HBO launched a deal with Cingular Wireless (now AT&T) to establish HBO Mobile. HBO Mobile, a pay service feature much like the cable network itself, features information on HBO original series such as The Sopranos, Sex and the City and others, including episode guides, wallpapers and ringtones voiced by cast-members of HBO series.
In 2005, a version of the DVD interactive game Scene It was released by Mattel, tailored to the HBO network itself; it features trivia on various HBO series.
In 1987, HBO launched a short-lived channel called "Festival".[13] It featured classic movies and recent hit movies as well as HBO's specials and documentaries. The difference with Festival was that it was programmed as a family-friendly service. Atypical for a premium channel, "R"-rated movies were edited for broadcast on Festival and no low-quality programs or movies were shown on the channel. Also, pricing for a subscription of the channel was lower than that of HBO and Cinemax. Festival provided its subscribers with a nicely printed 20-page monthly color guide. Festival, like HBO, also showed free previews - such as the October 30-November 2, 1987 preview, hosted by Tony Randall in-between programs. Festival's slogan was Quality Entertainment You Welcome Home.[72] But only a few cable systems carried Festival and the channel went dark in 1988.[14]
In 1996, HBO re-entered the family premium channel arena with HBO Family, a channel similar to Festival.
Programming on Festival included:
Since 1991, HBO has overseen a number of partnerships that operate HBO-branded programming-networks around the globe. As HBO was launched in new markets the brand has been used in several countries.
Wikimedia Commons has media related to: HBO |
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Dave Chappelle | |
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Dave Chappelle, 2007 |
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Birth name | David Khari Webber Chappelle |
Born | Washington, D.C., U.S.[1] |
August 24, 1973
Medium | Stand-up, television, film |
Nationality | American |
Years active | 1987–present |
Genres | Satire/political satire, improvisational comedy, observational comedy, surreal humor, sketch comedy, black comedy, blue comedy |
Subject(s) | Racism, race relations, American politics, African American culture, pop culture, recreational drug use, human sexuality, morality |
Influences | Richard Pryor,[2] Eddie Murphy,[2] Mel Blanc,[2] Chris Rock[3] |
Spouse | Elaine Chappelle (2001–present) 3 children |
Notable works and roles | Himself and Various in Chappelle's Show Himself in Dave Chappelle's Block Party Achoo in Robin Hood: Men in Tights Thurgood Jenkins in Half Baked |
Signature |
David Khari Webber "Dave" Chappelle[4] (/ʃəˈpɛl/; born August 24, 1973)[1] is an American comedian, screenwriter, television/film producer, actor, and artist. Chappelle began his film career in the film Robin Hood: Men in Tights in 1993 and continued to star in minor roles in the films The Nutty Professor, Con Air, and Blue Streak. His first lead role in a film was in Half Baked in 1998. In 2003, he became widely known for his popular sketch comedy television series, Chappelle's Show, which ran until his abrupt retirement from the show in 2005. Chappelle is ranked forty-third in Comedy Central Presents: 100 Greatest Stand-Ups of All Time.[5]
Contents |
Chappelle was born David Khari Webber Chappelle in Washington, D.C. on August 24, 1973.[1][2] His father, William David Chappelle III, was a professor at Antioch College in Yellow Springs, Ohio.[2] His mother, Yvonne (née Reed), was a professor at Howard University, Prince George's Community College, and the University of Maryland and is also a Unitarian Universalist minister.[6][7][8] Chappelle grew up in Silver Spring, Maryland and attended Woodlin Elementary School.[2] During young Chappelle's formative years, his comic inspiration came from various comedians, particularly Eddie Murphy and Richard Pryor.[2]
After his parents separated, Chappelle stayed in Washington with his mother while spending summers with his father in Ohio. In 1991, he graduated from Washington's Duke Ellington School of the Arts where he studied theatre arts.[2]
Chappelle moved to New York City to pursue a career as a comedian. He gathered the courage to perform at Harlem's famed Apollo Theater in front of the infamous "Amateur Night" audience. The performance resulted in him being booed off the stage. Chappelle has described the experience as the moment that gave him the courage to continue his show business aspirations.[2] He quickly made a name for himself in the New York comedy circuit, even performing in the city's parks. At the age of 19, Chappelle made his film debut as "Ahchoo" in Mel Brooks' Robin Hood: Men in Tights. In the same year, Chappelle was offered the role of Benjamin Buford "Bubba" Blue in Forrest Gump. Concerned about what seemed to be a racially demeaning character, he turned down the part; the film would go on to win Academy Award for Best Picture that year. He has since admitted to regretting the decision.[9] Chappelle played another supporting movie role in 1994's little-seen Getting In.
He attracted the attention of TV network executives and developed numerous pilots but none of them were picked up for series.[2][10] In 1995, he made a guest appearance in an episode of ABC's highly rated sitcom Home Improvement. The storyline had Chappelle and real-life friend comedian Jim Breuer ask Tim Taylor for advice on their girlfriends. The characters' single outing in the episode proved so popular that ABC decided to give them their own spin-off sitcom titled Buddies. However, after taping a pilot episode, Jim Breuer was fired and replaced with actor Christopher Gartin. Buddies premiered in March 1996 to disappointing ratings. The show was cancelled after only four episodes out of thirteen that were produced. Nine years later, in May 2005, ten of the episodes were released on a single-disc DVD to capitalize on Chappelle's new-found fame.
After the failure of Buddies, Chappelle starred in another pilot. According to Chappelle, the network was uncomfortable with the African-American cast and wanted white actors added. Chappelle resisted and subsequently accused the network of racism. Shortly after this incident, Chappelle's father died. Chappelle returned to Ohio and considered leaving the entertainment business.[2][10]
He later appeared as a nightclub comedian in the 1996 comedy The Nutty Professor starring Eddie Murphy, one of his major comedic influences. He also had a minor role in 1997's Con Air. He and Neal Brennan co-wrote the 1998 cult stoner film Half Baked, Chappelle's first starring role, about a group of marijuana-smoking friends trying to get their friend out of jail. That same year, he appeared in "Pilots and Pens Lost", a 1998 episode of The Larry Sanders Show's sixth season, in which he and the executives of the show's nameless television network satirized the treatment to which scriptwriters and show creators were subjected, as well as the executives' knee-jerk tendencies toward racial stereotypes. In December of that year Chappelle appeared as Tom Hanks' friend and confidant in You've Got Mail. In 1999, he appeared in the Martin Lawrence film Blue Streak.
In 2000, Chappelle recorded his first HBO special, Dave Chappelle: Killin' Them Softly, in Washington, DC.[11] He followed this up with an appearance as "Conspiracy Brother" in the 2002 racial satire Undercover Brother.
In 2003, Chappelle debuted his own weekly sketch comedy show on Comedy Central called Chappelle's Show. The show parodied many aspects of American culture including racial stereotypes, politics and pop culture. Along with comedy skits, the show also featured musical performances by mostly hip-hop and soul artists.
Chappelle's pointed social and political commentary quickly helped the show garner critical and commercial success as well as controversy.[10][12] Richard Pryor, one of Chappelle's comedic influences, was a fan of the show and stated that he had "passed the torch" to Chappelle.[10] Chappelle received two Emmy nominations for the show.[13] Additionally, the DVD set became the best-selling DVD of a television show to date, overtaking the previous best-selling, The Simpsons first season DVD. It had sold over 3 million copies.[14] Due to the show's popularity, Comedy Central's parent company Viacom reportedly offered Chappelle a $55 million contract (giving Chappelle a share of DVD sales) to continue production of Chappelle's Show for two more years while allowing him to do side projects. Chappelle had stated that sketches are not his favorite form of comedy, and that the characteristics of the show's format were somewhat like short films.
In June 2004, based on the popularity of the "Rick James" sketch, it was announced that Chappelle was in talks to portray Rick James in a biopic from Paramount Pictures (also owned by Viacom).[15] James's estate disagreed with the proposed comical tone of the film and put a halt to the talks.[16]
In 2004, Chappelle recorded his second comedy special, this time airing on Showtime - Dave Chappelle: For What It's Worth, at San Francisco's Fillmore Auditorium.[17]
In a June 2004 stand-up performance in Sacramento, California, Chappelle walked off the stage after berating his audience for constantly shouting "I'm Rick James, bitch!," which became a catchphrase from the popular "Rick James" sketch. After a few minutes, Chappelle returned and continued by saying, "The show is ruining my life." He stated that he disliked working "20 hours a day" and that the popularity of the show was making it difficult for him to continue his stand-up career, which was "the most important thing" to him. He also told the audience:
You know why my show is good? Because the network officials say you're not smart enough to get what I'm doing, and every day I fight for you. I tell them how smart you are. Turns out, I was wrong. You people are stupid.[18]
Season 3 was scheduled to air on May 31, 2005, but in that month, Chappelle stunned fans and the entertainment industry when he abruptly left during production of the third season of Chappelle's Show and took a trip to South Africa. Chappelle has since stated that he was unhappy with the direction the show had taken.
Coming here I don't have the distractions of fame. It quiets the ego down. I'm interested in the kind of person I've got to become. I want to be well rounded and the industry is a place of extremes. I want to be well balanced. I've got to check my intentions, man.[19]
In June 2005, Chappelle performed impromptu stand-up shows in Los Angeles.[20][21][22] He then went on a tour that began in Newport, Kentucky, not far from his Ohio home.[23] He also made a surprise appearance on HBO's Def Poetry where he performed two poems, titled Fuck Ashton Kutcher and How I Got the Lead on "Jeopardy!."[24] He was interviewed for Inside the Actors Studio on December 18, 2005 at Pace University's Michael Schimmel Center for the Arts. The show premiered on February 12, 2006.[25] Chappelle stated that the death of his father in 1998 had an impact on his decision to go to South Africa. By throwing himself into his work, he had not taken a chance to mourn his father's death. He also said the rumors that he was in drug or psychiatric treatment only persuaded him to stay in South Africa.[2]
He continued:
I would go to work on the show and I felt awful every day, that's not the way it was. ... I felt like some kind of prostitute or something. If I feel so bad, why keep on showing up to this place? I'm going to Africa. The hardest thing to do is to be true to yourself, especially when everybody is watching.
Chappelle also said that he felt some of his sketches were "socially irresponsible."[26][27] He singled out the "pixie sketch" in which pixies appear to people and encourage them to reinforce stereotypes of their races. In the sketch, Chappelle is wearing blackface and is dressed as a character in a minstrel show.[28] According to Chappelle, during the filming of the sketch, a crew member was laughing in a way that made him feel uncomfortable and made him rethink the show.[26][27] Chappelle said, "it was the first time I felt that someone was not laughing with me but laughing at me."[26]
During these interviews, Chappelle did not rule out returning to Chappelle's Show to "finish what we started," but promised that he would not return without changes to the production, such as a better working environment. He also stated he would like to donate half of the DVD sales to charity.[29] Chappelle expressed disdain at the possibility of his material from the unfinished third season being aired, saying that to do so would be "a bully move," and that he would not return to the show if Comedy Central were to air the unfinished material.[27] On July 9, 2006, Comedy Central aired the first episode of Chappelle's Show: The Lost Episodes. An uncensored DVD release of the episodes was made available on July 25.
The show still plays in syndication on several television networks despite the relatively small number of episodes compared to most American syndicated television programs.[citation needed]
Chappelle was the star and producer of the Michel Gondry-directed documentary Dave Chappelle's Block Party, which chronicles a Chappelle-hosted concert in the Clinton Hill neighborhood of Brooklyn on September 18, 2004. Several musical artists, including Kanye West, The Roots, Erykah Badu, Mos Def, Dead Prez and Jill Scott are featured in the movie both performing in the concert and in conversation off-stage. The most surprising highlight of the event was the "last minute" reunion of popular 1990s hip hop group The Fugees. Chappelle toured several cities in February and March 2006 to promote the film under the moniker "Block Party All-Stars featuring Dave Chappelle". Universal Pictures' genre division Rogue Pictures released the film in the United States on March 3, 2006.
In April 2007, Chappelle set a stand-up endurance record at the Laugh Factory Sunset Strip comedy club, beating comedian Dane Cook's record of 3 hours and 50 minutes. In December of the same year, Chappelle broke his own record with a time of 6 hours and 12 minutes. Cook reclaimed the record in January 2008, with a time of 7 hours.[30] On November 19, 2009 Chappelle performed at the Laugh Factory in Los Angeles, where it was speculated that he would aim to take back the record. However, he was disqualified according to the club owner, after he left the stage, five hours into his routine.[31]
Chappelle again appeared on Inside the Actors Studio and in celebration of the show's 200th episode, he humorously interviewed the show's usual host, James Lipton. The episode aired on November 11, 2008.
Chappelle lives with his wife Elaine, two sons,[28] Sulayman[32] and Ibrahim,[33] and daughter Sonal, on a 65-acre (260,000 m2) farm,[2][10] just outside Yellow Springs, Ohio.[23] He also owns several houses in Xenia, Ohio. Regarding his home in Yellow Springs, Ohio, Chappelle says, "Turns out you don't need $50 million to live around these parts, just a nice smile and a kind way about you. You guys are the best neighbors ever," he stated at a blues and jazz festival in the town in mid-September 2006. "That's why I came back and that's why I'm staying."[34]
Chappelle is a Muslim, having converted to Islam in 1998. He told Time Magazine in a May 2005 interview, "I don’t normally talk about my religion publicly because I don’t want people to associate me and my flaws with this beautiful thing. And I believe it is beautiful if you learn it the right way."[35]
This section requires expansion. |
Year | Film | Role | Notes |
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1992 | Def Comedy Jam | Himself | |
1993 | Robin Hood: Men in Tights | Ahchoo | |
1993 | Undercover Blues | Ozzie | |
1995 | Home Improvement | Dave | One episode |
1996 | The Nutty Professor | Reggie Warrington | |
1996 | Buddies | Dave Carlisle | Discontinued same year |
1997 | Con Air | Pinball | |
1998 | Half Baked | Thurgood Jenkins / Sir Smoke-a-Lot | |
1998 | You've Got Mail | Kevin Jackson | |
1999 | 200 Cigarettes | Disco Cabbie | |
1999 | Blue Streak | Tulley | |
2000 | Screwed | Rusty P. Hayes | |
2002 | Undercover Brother | Conspiracy Brother | |
2003–2006 | Chappelle's Show | Himself and others | |
2005 | Inside the Actor's Studio | Himself | |
2006 | Dave Chappelle's Block Party | Himself | Documentary |
2007 | I'm Rick James | Himself | Documentary |
2008 | Inside the Actor's Studio | Himself |
Year | Album | Role | Notes |
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2000 | Killin' Them Softly | Executive Producer | Stand Up |
2004 | For What It's Worth | Executive Producer | Stand Up |
Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Dave Chappelle |
Wikiquote has a collection of quotations related to: Dave Chappelle |
Manny Pacquiao | |
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Pacquiao during the ceremonial first pitch at a baseball game |
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Statistics | |
Real name | Emmanuel Dapidran Pacquiao |
Nickname(s) | Pac-Man, Ang Pambansang Kamao (The Nation's Fist), The Destroyer, Fighting Pride of the Philippines, Pambansang Ninong (National Godfather),[1] The Fighting Congressman[citation needed] |
Rated at | Flyweight Super Bantamweight Featherweight Super Featherweight Lightweight Light Welterweight Welterweight Light Middleweight |
Height | 5 ft 6 1⁄2 in (1.69 m)[2] |
Reach | 67 in (170 cm) |
Nationality | Filipino |
Born | Kibawe, Bukidnon, Philippines |
December 17, 1978
Stance | Southpaw[3] |
Boxing record | |
Total fights | 59 |
Wins | 54 |
Wins by KO | 38 |
Losses | 3 |
Draws | 2 |
No contests |
0 Official Site |
Emmanuel "Manny" Dapidran Pacquiao, PLH (English pronunciation: /ˈpæki.aʊ/ PAK-ee-ow; Tagalog: [pɐkˈjaʊ];[4] born December 17, 1978) is a Filipino professional boxer and politician. He is the first eight-division world champion; having won six world titles,[5] as well as the first to win the lineal championship in four different weight classes.[6] He was named "Fighter of the Decade" for the 2000s (decade) by the Boxing Writers Association of America (BWAA). He is also a three-time The Ring and BWAA "Fighter of the Year," winning the award in 2006, 2008 and 2009.[7]
As of 2012, Pacquiao is the WBO Welterweight Champion. He was long rated as the best pound for pound boxer in the world by some sporting news and boxing websites, including BoxRec.com, Sporting Life and The Ring.[8][9] However, in April 2012, Pacquiao dropped to number two in the rankings, behind Floyd Mayweather Jr.[10] In their ratings ending May 7, 2012, Ring Magazine declared the top position vacant and jointly ranked Pacquiao and Mayweather in the number two spot.[11]
Aside from boxing, Pacquiao has participated in acting, music recording and politics. In May 2010, Pacquiao was elected to the House of Representatives in the 15th Congress of the Philippines, representing the province of Sarangani.[12]
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Pacquiao was born on December 17, 1978, in Kibawe, Bukidnon, Philippines. He is the son of Rosalio Pacquiao and Dionesia Dapidran-Pacquiao.[13] His parents separated when he was in sixth grade, after his mother discovered that his father was living with another woman.[13] He is the fourth among six siblings: Liza Silvestre-Onding and Domingo Silvestre (from first husband of his mother) and Isidra Pacquiao-Paglinawan, Alberto "Bobby" Pacquiao and Rogelio Pacquiao.
Pacquiao is married to Maria Geraldine "Jinkee" Jamora,[14] and they have four children: Emmanuel Jr. "Jimuel", Michael, Princess, and Queen Elizabeth "Queenie." He resides in his hometown General Santos City, South Cotabato, Philippines.[15] However, as a congressman of lone district of Sarangani, he is officially residing in Kiamba, Sarangani, the hometown of his wife.
Pacquiao is a devout Roman Catholic.[16] Within the ring, he frequently makes the sign of the cross and every time he comes back from a successful fight abroad, he attends a thanksgiving Mass in Minor Basilica of the Black Nazarene in Quiapo, Manila to kneel and pray.
Pacquiao is also a military reservist with the rank of Lieutenant Colonel in the Reserve Force of the Philippine Army.[17]
Pacquiao completed his elementary education at Saavedra Saway Elementary School in General Santos City, but dropped out of high school due to extreme poverty.[18] He left his home at age 14 because his mother, who had six children, was not making enough money to support her family.[18]
In February 2007 he took, and passed, a high school equivalency exam making him eligible for college education.[19] He was awarded with a high school diploma by the Department of Education. Pacquiao enrolled for a college degree in business management at Notre Dame of Dadiangas University (NDDU) in his hometown in General Santos City.
On February 18, 2009, Pacquiao was conferred the Honorary Degree of Doctor of Humanities (Honoris Causa) by Southwestern University (SWU) at the Waterfront Hotel and Casino in Lahug, Cebu City in recognition of his boxing achievements and humanitarian work.[20]
In preparation for his career as a lawmaker in the House of Representatives, Pacquiao enrolled in the Certificate Course in Development, Legislation and Governance at the Development Academy of the Philippines – Graduate School of Public and Development Management (DAP-GSPDM).[21]
At the age of 14, Pacquiao moved to Manila and lived, for a time, on the streets. He started boxing and made the Philippine national amateur boxing team where his room and board were paid for by the government. Pacquiao reportedly had an amateur record of 64 fights (60–4).[22]
In 1995, the death of a young aspiring boxer and close friend, Eugene Barutag, spurred the young Pacquiao to pursue a professional boxing career.[23] Pacquiao started his professional boxing career when he was just 16 years of age, stood at 4'11'' and weighed 98 pounds (7 pounds under the minimumweight division). He admitted before American media that he put weights in his pockets to make the 105-pound weight limit.[24] His early light flyweight division fights took place in small local venues and were shown on Vintage Sports' Blow by Blow, an evening boxing show. His professional debut was a four-round bout against Edmund "Enting" Ignacio, on January 22, 1995, which Pacquiao won via decision, becoming an instant star of the program.
Pacquiao's weight increased from 106 to 113 pounds before losing in his 12th bout against Rustico Torrecampo via a third-round knockout. Pacquiao failed to make the required weight, so he was forced to use heavier gloves than Torrecampo, thereby putting him at a disadvantage.[25]
Following the Torrecampo fight, Pacquiao continued undefeated for his next 15 fights. He went on another unbeaten run that saw him take on the vastly more experienced Chokchai Chockvivat in flyweight division. Pacquiao knocked out Chockvivat in the fifth round and took the OPBF Flyweight title.[26] After one official defense and two non-title bouts, Pacquiao got his first opportunity to fight for a world title.
Pacquiao captured the Lineal and WBC Flyweight titles (his first major boxing world title) over Chatchai Sasakul by way of knockout in the eighth round. He defended the titles successfully against Mexican Gabriel Mira via a fourth-round technical knockout. However, Pacquiao lost the Lineal title in his second defense against Medgoen Singsurat, also known as Medgoen 3K Battery, via a third-round knockout. The bout was held in Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand. Singsurat got Pacquiao on the ropes and landed a flush straight right to the body, coiling Pacquiao over and keeping him there. Pacquiao lost the WBC title at the scales, as he surpassed the weight limit of 112 pounds.
Following his loss to Singsurat, Pacquiao gained weight and skipped the super flyweight and bantamweight divisions. This time, Pacquiao went to super bantamweight, or junior featherweight, division of 122 pounds, where he picked up the WBC International Super Bantamweight title. He defended this title five times before his chance for a world title fight came. Pacquiao's big break came on June 23, 2001, against IBF Super Bantamweight title holder Lehlohonolo Ledwaba. Pacquiao stepped into the fight as a late replacement on two weeks' notice but won the fight by technical knockout to win the title, his second major boxing world title. The bout was held at the MGM Grand Garden Arena, in Las Vegas, Nevada. Pacquiao went on to defend this title four times under head trainer Freddie Roach, owner of the famous Wild Card Gym in West Hollywood.
On November 15, 2003, Pacquiao faced Marco Antonio Barrera at the Alamodome, San Antonio, Texas, in a fight that many consider to have defined his career. Pacquiao, who was fighting at featherweight for the first time, brought his power with him and defeated Barrera via technical knockout in the eleventh round, the only knockout loss in Barrera's career, and won the Lineal & The Ring Featherweight Championship, making him the first Filipino and Asian to become a three-division world champion, a fighter who won world titles in three different weight divisions. He defended the title twice before relinquishing it in 2005.[27]
On November 24, 2003, the then Philippine President Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo conferred on Pacquiao the Presidential Medal of Merit at the Ceremonial Hall of Malacañang Palace for his knockout victory over the best featherweight boxer of the world. The following day, the members of the House of Representatives of the Philippines presented the House Resolution No. 765, authored by the then House Speaker Jose De Venecia and Bukidnon Representative Juan Miguel Zubiri, which honored Pacquiao the Congressional Medal of Achievement for his exceptional achievements. Pacquiao is the first sportsman to receive such an honor from the House of Representatives.[28][29]
Six months after the fight with Barrera, Pacquiao went on to challenge Juan Manuel Márquez, who at the time held both the WBA and IBF Featherweight titles. The fight took place at the MGM Grand Arena, Las Vegas, on May 8, 2004. After twelve rounds, the bout was scored a draw, which proved to be a controversial decision that outraged both camps.[30]
In the first round, Márquez was caught cold, as he was knocked down three times by Pacquiao. However, Márquez showed great heart to recover from the early knockdowns and went on to win the majority of rounds thereafter. This was largely due to Márquez's counterpunch style, which he managed to effectively utilize against the aggressive style of Pacquiao. At the end of a very close fight, both boxers felt they had done enough to win the fight. The final scores were 115–110 for Márquez, 115–110 for Pacquiao and 113–113.[30] One of the judges (who scored the bout 113–113) later admitted to making an error on the scorecards, having scored the first round as 10–7 in favor of Pacquiao instead of the standard 10–6 for a three-knockdown round. If he had scored the round 10–6 for Pacquiao (as the other two judges did), the result would have been a split decision in favor of Pacquiao.[30]
On March 19, 2005, Pacquiao moved up in super featherweight, or junior lightweight, division of 130 pounds, in order to fight another Mexican legend and three-division world champion Érik Morales for the vacant WBC International and vacant IBA Super Featherweight titled. The fight took place at the MGM Grand, Las Vegas. In this fight, Pacquiao sustained a cut over his right eye from an accidental clash of heads in the fifth round. He lost the twelve-round match by a unanimous decision from the judges. All three scorecards read 115–113 for Morales.[31]
On September 10, 2005, Manny Pacquiao knocked out in six rounds Héctor Velázquez at Staples Center in Los Angeles to capture the WBC International Super Featherweight title, which he went on to defend five times. On the same day, his rival, Érik Morales, fought Zahir Raheem and lost via unanimous decision.
Despite Morales's loss to Raheem, Pacquiao got matched up against Morales in a rematch which took place on January 21, 2006 at the Thomas and Mack Center in Las Vegas. During the fight, Morales escaped being knocked down twice, once in the second round by holding onto the ropes and once in the sixth by falling on the referee. Pacquiao eventually knocked Morales out in the tenth, the first time Morales was knocked out in his boxing career.[32]
On July 2, 2006, Pacquiao defended his WBC International title against Óscar Larios, a two-time Super Bantamweight Champion who had moved up two weight divisions to fight Pacquiao. Pacquiao won the fight via unanimous decision, knocking down Larios two times in the 12-round bout at the Araneta Coliseum in Quezon City, Philippines. The three judges scored the fight 117–110, 118–108 and 120–106 all for Pacquiao.[33]
On July 3, 2006, the day after winning the fight against Larios, President Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo personally bestowed the Order of Lakandula with the rank of "Champion for Life" (Kampeon Habambuhay) and the plaque of appreciation to Pacquiao in a simple ceremony at the Rizal Hall of Malacañang Palace.[34]
Pacquiao and Morales fought a third time (with the series tied 1–1) on November 18, 2006. Witnessed by a near record crowd of 18,276, the match saw Pacquiao defeat Morales via a third-round knockout at the Thomas & Mack Center in Las Vegas.[35] Morales' knockout losses to Pacquiao are the only knockout losses in his professional career. After the Pacquiao–Morales rubber match, Bob Arum, Pacquiao's main promoter, announced that Manny had returned his signing bonus back to Golden Boy Promotions, signaling intentions to stay with Top Rank. This prompted Golden Boy Promotions to sue Pacquiao over breach of contract.[36]
After a failed promotional negotiation with Marco Antonio Barrera's camp, Bob Arum chose Jorge Solís as Pacquiao's next opponent among several fighters Arum offered as replacements. The bout was held in San Antonio, Texas, on April 14, 2007. In the sixth round, an accidental headbutt occurred, giving Pacquiao a cut under his left eyebrow. The fight ended in the eighth when Pacquiao knocked Solis down twice. Solis barely beat the count after the second knockdown, causing the referee to stop the fight and award Pacquiao a knockout win. The victory raised Pacquiao's win–loss–draw record to 44–3–2 with 34 knockouts. This also marked the end of Solis's undefeated streak.
On June 29, 2007, Top Rank and Golden Boy Promotions announced that they agreed to settle their lawsuit, meaning the long-awaited rematch with Marco Antonio Barrera would occur despite Pacquiao being the top-ranked contender for Juan Manuel Márquez's WBC Super Featherweight title. On October 6, 2007, Pacquiao defeated Barrera in their rematch via an easy unanimous decision. In the eleventh round, Pacquiao's punch caused a deep cut below Barrera's right eye. Barrera retaliated with an illegal punch on the break that dazed Pacquiao, but also resulted in a point deduction for Barrera. Two judges scored the bout 118–109, whereas the third scored it 115–112.[37]
In The Ring Magazine, Pacquiao (45–3–2) remained at the top of the super featherweight division (130 pounds). He had been in the ratings for 108 weeks.[38][39] On November 13, 2007, he was honored by the World Boxing Council as Emeritus Champion during its 45th Annual World Convention held at the Manila Hotel.[40]
On November 20, 2007, José Nuñez, manager of WBO Super Featherweight Champion Joan Guzmán, accused Pacquiao's handler Bob Arum of evading a match between the two boxers to protect Pacquiao.[41] Guzmán went as far as to directly call out Pacquiao at the postfight press conference of the Pacquiao–Barrera rematch in front of the crowd at the Mandalay Bay Events Center's media room in Las Vegas.[42]
On March 15, 2008, in a rematch against Juan Manuel Márquez, called "Unfinished Business," Pacquiao won via split decision. The fight was held at the Mandalay Bay Resort and Casino in Las Vegas. With the victory, Pacquiao won the WBC Super Featherweight and The Ring Super Featherweight titles, making him the first Filipino and Asian to become a four-division world champion, a fighter who won world titles in four different weight divisions. The fight was a close hard fought battle, during which both fighters received cuts.[43] Throughout the fight, Márquez landed the most punches at a higher percentage; however, the decisive factor proved to be a third-round knockdown, wherein Márquez was floored by a Pacquiao left hook.[43] At the end of the fight, the judges' scores were 115–112 for Pacquiao, 115–112 for Márquez and 114–113 for Pacquiao.[43]
In the post-fight news conference, Márquez’s camp called for an immediate rematch. In addition, Richard Schaefer, Golden Boy Promotions CEO, offered a $6 million guarantee to Pacquiao for a rematch.[44] However, Pacquiao ruled out a third clash with Márquez, saying, "I don't think so. This business is over."[43] The reason that Pacquiao did not want a rematch was because he intended to move up to the lightweight division to challenge David Díaz, the reigning WBC Lightweight title holder at that time.[43] Díaz won a majority decision over Ramón Montano that night as an undercard of the "Unfinished Business" fight.
On June 28, 2008, at the Mandalay Bay Resort and Casino in Las Vegas, Pacquiao defeated David Díaz in lightweight division via ninth-round knockout and won the WBC Lightweight title. With the victory, Pacquiao became the first and only Filipino and Asian to become a five-division world champion, a fighter who won world titles in five different weight divisions,[45] and also became the first Filipino fighter to ever win a world title at lightweight.[46] During the fight, which Pacquiao dominated, Díaz was cut badly on his right eye in the fourth round.[47] After the bout, Díaz acknowledged Pacquiao's superior hand speed, stating "It was his speed. It was all his speed. I could see the punches perfectly, but he was just too fast."[48]
Bob Arum reported that the fight had made 12.5 million dollars, earning Díaz his best payday of 850,000 dollars, whilst Pacquiao earned at least 3 million dollars.[45] Official records revealed an attendance of 8,362 (out of a maximum capacity of 12,000).[49]
Holding both the WBC Super Featherweight and Lightweight titles following the win, Pacquiao decided to vacate his super featherweight title in July 2008.[50]
On August 7, 2008, the members of the House of Representatives of the Philippines issued a House Resolution, sponsored by South Cotabato Congresswoman Darlene Antonino-Custodio, which recognized Pacquiao as a "People’s Champ" — "for his achievements and in appreciation of the honor and inspiration he has been bringing... to the Filipino people." He received a plaque from the then House Speaker Prospero Nograles.[51]
On December 6, 2008, Pacquiao moved up to the welterweight division in order to face the six-division world champion Oscar De La Hoya at the MGM Grand, in a fight called "The Dream Match." Presented by Golden Boy Promotions and Top Rank, the bout was scheduled as a twelve-round, non-title fight contested at the 147-pound welterweight limit. Although Pacquiao went into the fight widely recognized as the leading pound-for-pound boxer in the world, some boxing pundits had speculated that 147 pounds could be too far above his natural weight against the larger De La Hoya.[52] However, due to rehydration after the weigh in, De La Hoya came into the fight actually weighing less than Pacquiao and close to 20 pounds under his usual fighting weight. Pacquiao dominated the fight and, after eight rounds, De La Hoya's corner was forced to throw in the towel, awarding Pacquiao the win via technical knockout.[53]
Pacquiao was ahead on all three judges' scorecards before the stoppage, with two judges scoring the fight at 80–71 and one scoring it at 79–72.[54] Moreover, Pacquiao landed 224 out of 585 punches, whilst De La Hoya landed only 83 out of 402 punches.[54] After the bout, trainer Freddie Roach stated, "We knew we had him after the first round. He had no legs, he was hesitant and he was shot."[55] The fight would be De La Hoya's last, as he announced his retirement from boxing shortly after.[56]
Pacquiao received 15 to 30 million dollars (share of the pay-per-view), plus a guaranteed amount.[57] Tickets reportedly sold out just hours after they went on sale. Moreover, the total gate revenue for the fight was said to be nearly 17 million dollars, making it the second largest gate revenue in boxing history.[58]
On December 22, 2008, Pacquiao has been decorated with the Philippine Legion of Honor with the rank of "Officer" (Pinuno) in a ceremony marking the 73rd founding anniversary of the Armed Forces of the Philippines. As an army reservist, he was given recognition for bringing pride and honor to the country through his remarkable achievements in the ring.[59]
On May 2, 2009, Pacquiao fought at light welterweight, or super lightweight, division for the first time against Ricky Hatton at the MGM Grand Las Vegas, in a fight billed as "The Battle of the East and West." Pacquiao won the bout via knockout to claim Hatton's The Ring and IBO Light Welterweight titles. In doing so, Pacquiao became the second man in boxing history to become a six-division world champion, a fighter who won world titles in six different weight divisions and the first man ever to win lineal world titles in four different weight classes.[60]
The fight was originally placed in jeopardy due to disputes with both camps over the fight purse money.[61] Eventually, the money issue was settled and the fight went on as scheduled. HBO aired the contest.[62]
Pacquiao started the fight strong, knocking down Hatton twice in the first round.[63] A somewhat shaken Hatton beat the count, only to be saved by the bell seconds later. In the second round, Hatton seemed to have recovered, as he stalked Pacquiao for most of the round. However, with less than ten seconds remaining in the second round, Hatton was knocked out cold by a sharp left hook, prompting the referee to award Pacquiao the win by knockout (at 2:59 of the round).[64] The knockout won him the The Ring Magazine "Knockout of the Year" for 2009.
On November 14, 2009, Pacquiao defeated Miguel Cotto via technical knockout in the twelfth round at the MGM Grand Las Vegas in a fight billed as "Firepower." Although the bout was sanctioned as a world title fight in the welterweight division, where the weight limit is 147 pounds, Cotto agreed to fight at a catchweight of 145 pounds.[65]
Pacquiao dominated the fight, knocking Cotto down in round three and round four, before the referee stopped the fight at 0:55 of round twelve.[66] With this victory, Pacquiao took the WBO Welterweight title, was awarded the WBO Super Championship title and became the first seven-division world champion, the first fighter in boxing history to win world titles in seven different weight divisions.[67] Pacquiao also won the first and special WBC Diamond Championship belt.[68] This belt was created as an honorary championship exclusively to award the winner of a historic fight between two high-profile boxers.[69] After the fight, promoter Bob Arum stated "Pacquiao is the greatest boxer I've ever seen, and I've seen them all, including Ali, Hagler and Sugar Ray Leonard."[70] Miguel Cotto said in a post fight interview: "Miguel Cotto comes to boxing to fight the biggest names, and Manny is one of the best boxers we have of all time."
The fight generated 1.25 million buys and $70 million in domestic pay-per-view revenue, making it the most watched boxing event of 2009.[71] Pacquiao earned around $22 million for his part in the fight, whilst Cotto earned around $12 million.[71] Pacquiao–Cotto also generated a live gate of $8,847,550 from an official crowd of 15,930.[71]
On November 20, 2009, in a simple rites at the Quirino Grandstand, President Macapagal-Arroyo conferred Pacquiao the Order of Sikatuna with the rank of Datu (Grand Cross) with Gold distinction (Katangiang Ginto) which usually bestowed to foreign diplomats and heads of state. It was awarded to Pacquiao for winning his historical seventh weight division world title.[72]
Following the victory against Cotto, there was much public demand for a fight between the seven-division world champion Manny Pacquiao (the number-one pound-for-pound boxer) and the five-division world champion Floyd Mayweather, Jr. (the number-two and former number-one pound-for-pound boxer). Pacquiao reportedly agreed to fight Mayweather on March 13, 2010 for a split of $50 million up front.[73] And it was later agreed that the venue for the fight would be the MGM Grand Las Vegas. However, the bout was put in jeopardy due to disagreements about Olympic-style drug testing. The Mayweather camp wanted random blood testing by the United States Anti-Doping Agency,[74] whereas Pacquiao refused to have any blood testing within 30 days from the fight, because he thought it would weaken him, but he was willing to have blood taken from him before the 30-day window as well as immediately after the fight.[75] Freddie Roach, on the other hand, commented that he would not allow blood to be taken from Pacquiao one week before the fight.[76][77] In an attempt to resolve their differences, the two camps went through a process of mediation before a retired judge. After the mediation process Mayweather agreed to a 14-day no blood testing window. However, Pacquiao refused and instead only agreed to a 24-day no blood testing window.[78] Consequently, on January 7, 2010, Pacquiao's promoter Bob Arum declared that the fight was officially off.[79]
Because of Pacquiao's reluctance to submit to random blood testing to the extent requested by Mayweather, despite lack of evidence, the Mayweather camp repeated their suggestion that Pacquiao was using banned substances, which resulted in Pacquiao filing a lawsuit for defamation, seeking damages in excess of 75,000 dollars.[80] The lawsuit cited accusations made by Floyd Mayweather, Jr., Floyd Mayweather Sr., Roger Mayweather, Oscar De La Hoya and Golden Boy Promotions CEO Richard Schaefer.[80][81]
After negotiations for the Mayweather fight fell through, other boxers were considered to replace Mayweather as Pacquiao's next opponent, including former Light Welterweight Champion Paul Malignaggi,[82] and WBA Light Middleweight title holder Yuri Foreman.[83] However, Pacquiao chose to fight former IBF Welterweight title holder Joshua Clottey instead.
On March 13, 2010, at the Cowboys Stadium in Arlington, Texas, Pacquiao defeated Clottey via unanimous decision to retain his WBO Welterweight title. The judges scored the fight 120–108, 119–109 and 119–109, all in favor of Pacquiao.[84] During the fight, Pacquiao threw a total of 1231 punches (a career high), but landed just 246, as most were blocked by Clottey's tight defense. On the other hand, Clottey threw a total of 399 punches, landing 108.[85]
The fight was rewarded with a paid crowd of 36,371 and a gate of $6,359,985, according to post-fight tax reports filed with Texas boxing regulators.[86] Counting complimentary tickets delivered to sponsors, media outlets and others, the Dallas fight attracted 41,843,[86] well short of the 50,994 that was previously announced,[87] but still an epic number for boxing. In addition, the bout drew 700,000 pay-per-view buys and earned $35.3 million in domestic revenue.[88]
Manny Pacquiao was named as the Fighter of the Decade for years 2000–2009 by the Boxing Writers Association of America (BWAA). This award was presented by legendary boxer Joe Frazier, who was also a recipient of the award himself back in 1978 for defeating Muhammad Ali. Aside from this prestigious recognition, he was also named as the Sugar Ray Robinson Fighter of the Year for 2009, having received the same honor in 2006 and 2008. The awards ceremony was held at the Roosevelt Hotel in New York City on June 4, 2010.[7]
After his victory over Clottey, Pacquiao was expected to return to boxing in late 2010 with a possible matchup against Floyd Mayweather, Jr.. It was later reported that Golden Boy Promotions CEO Richard Schaefer and Top Rank Chief Bob Arum worked out a '"Super Fight" between Manny Pacquiao and Floyd Mayweather, Jr.. However, complications arose when Mayweather requested Pacquiao undergo random blood and urine testing up until the fight day. Pacquiao responded that he would agree to undergo blood and urine testing up until 14 days before the fight (as requested by Mayweather in the first round of negotiations), stating that giving blood too close to the fight day would weaken him. On May 13, 2010, Pacquiao's promoter Bob Arum announced that he had penciled in November 13, 2010 as the date of Manny Pacquiao's next fight, possibly against Mayweather. However, the stumbling block over demands that Pacquiao submit to Olympic-level random drug testing put the fight in jeopardy.[89]
On June 12, 2010, the President of Golden Boy Promotions, Oscar De La Hoya, stated during an interview with a Spanish network that the deal for the fight was very close and the negotiation process has been very difficult.[90] On June 30, 2010, Arum announced that the management of both sides had agreed to terms, that all points had been settled (including Pacquiao agreeing to submit to both blood and urine testing) and only the signature of Floyd Mayweather, Jr. was needed to seal the deal that could have earned both fighters at least $40 million each. Mayweather was then given a two-week deadline for the fight contract to be signed.[91] Arum also announced that Pacquiao accepted the terms of the random drug testing, blood and urine, leading up to the fight.[92]
On July 15, 2010, Bob Arum announced that Pacquiao's camp would give Mayweather until Friday midnight to sign the fight. The next day, the Top Rank website embedded a countdown clock on their website with the heading "Money" Time: Mayweather's Decision.[93] On July 17, 2010, Arum announced that there was no word from Mayweather's camp and the deal for a November 13, 2010 fight with Mayweather was not reached.
On July 19, 2010, Leonard Ellerbe, one of Floyd Mayweather, Jr.'s closest advisers, denied that negotiations for a super fight between Mayweather and Pacquiao had ever taken place. Ellerbe stated that Bob Arum was not telling the truth.[94] Bob Arum responded, questioning that if there was no negotiation, then who imposed the gag order (referring to a gag order about the negotiation allegedly imposed on both camps) and who could there be a gag order from if there were no negotiations. He also criticized Oscar De La Hoya and his Golden Boy Promotions CEO Richard Schaefer for denying that negotiations took place, when De La Hoya himself had previously stated that they were "very, very close in finalizing the contracts."[95] Arum revealed that HBO Sports President Ross Greenburg acted as the mediator between Mayweather’s handlers and those of Pacquiao’s from Top Rank Promotions.[96] On July 26, 2010, Ross Greenburg said in a statement that he has been negotiating with a representative from each side since May 2, 2010, carefully trying to put the fight together and he did in fact act as a go-between in negotiations with the two sides, but they were unable to come to an agreement, contradicting what Arum and the Pacquiao camp had said.[97][98] Floyd Mayweather, Jr., after the second negotiation had been officially declared off, told the Associated Press that he had fought sixty days ago and that he was not interested in rushing into anything and was not really thinking about boxing at the moment.[99] Almost a year later, on July 8, 2011, Manny Pacquiao's top adviser Michael Koncz confirmed that Pacquiao had in fact never agreed to testing up until fight day, which contradicted what Bob Arum and the Pacquiao camp had been saying for well over a year.[100]
On July 23, 2010, Bob Arum announced that Pacquiao would fight Antonio Margarito on November 13, 2010. The fight for the vacant WBC Light Middleweight title gave Pacquiao the chance to win a world title in his eighth weight class, the light middleweight, or super welterweight, division.[101] A catchweight of 150 pounds was established for the fight, although the weight limit for the light middleweight division is 154 pounds. During the pre-fight, Pacquiao weighed in at a low 144.6 pounds, while Margarito weighed in at the limit of 150 pounds. Pacquiao said he was pleased with his weight because he loses too much speed when he gains pounds. During the fight itself, Pacquiao weighed 148 lbs, 17 pounds lighter than Margarito's 165.[102]
Prior to the fight, Pacquiao's team demanded to the Texas officials to test Margarito for banned substances after a weight loss supplement, reportedly Hydroxycut, was found in his locker. It was stated that the officials would undergo testing for both boxers after the fight.[103] In the fight, Pacquiao defeated Margarito via unanimous decision, using his superior handspeed and movement to win his 8th world title in as many divisions. In the penultimate round, Pacquiao implored referee Laurence Cole several times to stop the fight as Margarito had a swollen face and a large cut beneath the right eye, but the referee let the fight continue.[104] Margarito had to be taken directly to the hospital after the fight, where it was discovered his orbital bone had been fractured; he had to undergo surgery.[105]
On November 22, 2010, after winning world title in his eighth weight division, Pacquiao was awarded with another Congressional Medal of Distinction from his fellow congressmen led by House Speaker Feliciano Belmonte during the ceremony at the Philippine House of Representatives.[106]
Because Pacquiao had no plans to defend the WBC Light Middleweight title that he won against Margarito, the WBC Board of Governors voted to declare the title vacant.[107]
On May 7, 2011, Pacquiao successfully defended his WBO Welterweight title against three-division world champion Shane Mosley via lopsided unanimous decision at the MGM Grand Arena. Rapper LL Cool J performed as Mosley entered first the arena, while vocalist Jimi Jamison of the rock band Survivor sang "Eye of the Tiger" as Pacquiao approached the ring. Pacquiao knocked Mosley down in the third round using a one-two capped with a left straight. Mosley was left dazed by the knockdown but managed to stand up.[108] Mosley floored Pacquiao in the tenth round with a push, but referee Kenny Bayless inexplicably ruled it a knockdown. None of the judges seemed to have bought it judging from the scores. Replays showed that Pacquiao was throwing a punch off balance, had his right foot stepped on by Mosley's left foot and went down with a little help from Mosley's right hand. Bayless apologized to Pacquiao after the fight for the mistake. Pacquiao gained one-sided verdicts from all three judges – 119–108, 120–108 and 120–107.[109] Pacquiao reported that the only thing preventing him from knocking out Mosley was a cramp in his legs. Freddie Roach said that Pacquiao had problems with cramping before but usually in training sessions and not in the middle of bouts.[110] After the fight, there was much controversy over Shane Mosley reportedly telling Floyd Mayweather that he should have made Pacquiao "take the test."[111]
Bob Arum talked about having Pacquiao's next bout at the MGM Grand on November 5, 2011 or across town at the Thomas and Mack Center on November 12, 2011. Arum listed Juan Manuel Marquez as the first choice and then mentioned Timothy Bradley and Zab Judah as other options.[112]
Pacquiao's promoter Bob Arum stated that a third meeting with Márquez could happen in November 2011, providing Pacquiao defeated his next opponent Shane Mosley on May 7.[113] On May 10, Márquez accepted an offer from Top Rank to fight Pacquiao for his WBO Welterweight title at a catchweight of 144 pounds.[114] On May 18, Márquez signed the deal to fight Pacquiao for the third time on November 12 at Las Vegas.
On November 12, Marquez lost to Pacquiao via majority decision by garnering scores 114–114, 115–113 & 116–112 from scorecards of three judges. Upon the results being announced, the crowd reaction was largely negative with thousands continuing to boo[115] as Pacquiao spoke with Max Kellerman. Tim Smith of New York's Daily News wrote that Márquez "was robbed of a decision by judges who were either blind or corrupt."[116] However, ringside punch stats showed Pacquiao landing more strikes, 176 to 138, and landing more power punches, 117 to 100.[117] Michael Woods of ESPN stated that Marquez was not robbed noting the Compubox stats, all of which favored Pacquiao.[118]
Bob Arum announced that Pacquiao is having his next bout on June 9, 2012, following another failed negotiations for a showdown with the now WBC titleholder Floyd Mayweather, Jr. on Cinco De Mayo. Timothy Bradley, Miguel Cotto, Juan Manuel Marquez and Lamont Peterson were the names on Arum's list of his next possible opponents.
On February 5, Timothy Bradley was announced as Pacquiao's next opponent on June 9 for his WBO Welterweight title.[119][120]
54 Wins (38 knockouts, 16 decisions), 3 Losses (2 knockouts, 1 decision), 2 Draws[121] | |||||||
Res. | Record | Opponent | Type | Round, Time | Date | Location | Notes |
N/A | N/A | Timothy Bradley | - | ? (12) | 2012-06-09 | MGM Grand Garden Arena, Las Vegas, Nevada | Defends WBO Welterweight title. |
Win | 54-3-2 | Juan Manuel Márquez | MD | 12 | 2011-11-12 | MGM Grand Garden Arena, Las Vegas, Nevada | Retained WBO Welterweight title. Fight at 144-pound catch weight. |
Win | 53-3-2 | Shane Mosley | UD | 12 | 2011-05-07 | MGM Grand Garden Arena, Las Vegas, Nevada | Retained WBO Welterweight title. |
Win | 52-3-2 | Antonio Margarito | UD | 12 | 2010-11-13 | Cowboys Stadium, Arlington, Texas | Won vacant WBC Light Middleweight title. Fight at 150-pound catch weight. |
Win | 51-3-2 | Joshua Clottey | UD | 12 | 2010-03-13 | Cowboys Stadium, Arlington, Texas | Retained WBO Welterweight title. |
Win | 50-3-2 | Miguel Ángel Cotto | TKO | 12 (12), 0:55 | 2009-11-14 | MGM Grand Garden Arena, Las Vegas, Nevada | Won WBO Welterweight title. Awarded WBC Diamond belt. Fight at 145-pound catch weight. |
Win | 49-3-2 | Ricky Hatton | KO | 2 (12), 2:59 | 2009-05-02 | MGM Grand Garden Arena, Las Vegas, Nevada | Won The Ring & IBO Light Welterweight titles. |
Win | 48-3-2 | Oscar De La Hoya | RTD | 8 (12), 3:00 | 2008-12-06 | MGM Grand Garden Arena, Las Vegas, Nevada | A non-title welterweight bout. |
Win | 47-3-2 | David Díaz | TKO | 9 (12), 2:24 | 2008-06-28 | Mandalay Bay, Las Vegas, Nevada | Won WBC Lightweight title. |
Win | 46-3-2 | Juan Manuel Márquez | SD | 12 | 2008-03-15 | Mandalay Bay, Las Vegas, Nevada | Won WBC & vacant The Ring Super Featherweight titles. |
Win | 45-3-2 | Marco Antonio Barrera | UD | 12 | 2007-10-06 | Mandalay Bay, Las Vegas, Nevada | Retained WBC International Super Featherweight title. |
Win | 44-3-2 | Jorge Solís | KO | 8 (12), 1:16 | 2007-04-14 | Alamodome, San Antonio, Texas | Retained WBC International Super Featherweight title. |
Win | 43-3-2 | Érik Morales | KO | 3 (12), 2:57 | 2006-11-18 | Thomas and Mack Center, Las Vegas, Nevada | Retained WBC International Super Featherweight title. |
Win | 42-3-2 | Óscar Larios | UD | 12 | 2006-07-02 | Araneta Coliseum, Quezon City, Metro Manila | Retained WBC International Super Featherweight title. |
Win | 41-3-2 | Érik Morales | TKO | 10 (12), 2:33 | 2006-01-21 | Thomas and Mack Center, Las Vegas, Nevada | Retained WBC International Super Featherweight title. WBC Super Featherweight Title Eliminator. |
Win | 40-3-2 | Héctor Velázquez | TKO | 6 (12), 2:59 | 2005-09-10 | Staples Center, Los Angeles, California | Won vacant WBC International Super Featherweight title. |
Loss | 39-3-2 | Érik Morales | UD | 12 | 2005-03-19 | MGM Grand Garden Arena, Las Vegas, Nevada | For vacant WBC International & vacant IBA Super Featherweight titles. |
Win | 39-2-2 | Fahsan Por Thawatchai | TKO | 4 (12), 1:26 | 2004-12-11 | Fort Bonifacio Global City, Taguig City, Metro Manila | Retained The Ring Featherweight title. IBF Featherweight Eliminator for the #2 Spot. |
Draw | 38-2-2 | Juan Manuel Márquez | SD | 12 | 2004-05-08 | MGM Grand Garden Arena, Las Vegas, Nevada | Retained The Ring Featherweight title. For WBA (Super) and IBF Featherweight titles. |
Win | 38-2-1 | Marco Antonio Barrera | TKO | 11 (12), 2:56 | 2003-11-15 | Alamodome, San Antonio, Texas | Won Lineal & The Ring Featherweight titles. |
Win | 37-2-1 | Emmanuel Lucero | KO | 3 (12), 0:48 | 2003-07-26 | Olympic Auditorium, Los Angeles, California | Retained IBF Super Bantamweight title. |
Win | 36-2-1 | Serikzhan Yeshmagambetov | TKO | 5 (10), 1:52 | 2003-03-15 | Rizal Park, Manila, Metro Manila | A non-title featherweight bout. |
Win | 35-2-1 | Fahprakorb Rakkiatgym | KO | 1 (12), 2:46 | 2002-10-26 | Rizal Memorial College Gym, Davao City | Retained IBF Super Bantamweight title. |
Win | 34-2-1 | Jorge Eliecer Julio | TKO | 2 (12), 1:09 | 2002-06-08 | The Pyramid, Memphis, Memphis | Retained IBF Super Bantamweight title. |
Draw | 33-2-1 | Agapito Sánchez | TD | 6 (12), 1:12 | 2001-11-10 | Bill Graham Civic Auditorium, San Francisco, California | Retained IBF Super Bantamweight title. For WBO Super Bantamweight title. Bout stopped due to cut on Pacquiao's eye caused by headbutt. |
Win | 33–2 | Lehlohonolo Ledwaba | TKO | 6 (12), 0:59 | 2001-06-23 | MGM Grand Garden Arena, Las Vegas, Nevada | Won IBF Super Bantamweight title. |
Win | 32–2 | Wethya Sakmuangklang | KO | 6 (12), 2:40 | 2001-04-28 | Kidapawan City, Cotabato | Retained WBC International Super Bantamweight title. |
Win | 31–2 | Tetsutora Senrima | TKO | 5 (12) | 2001-02-24 | Ynares Center, Antipolo City, Rizal | Retained WBC International Super Bantamweight title. |
Win | 30–2 | Nedal Hussein | TKO | 10 (12), 1:48 | 2000-10-14 | Ynares Center, Antipolo City, Rizal | Retained WBC International Super Bantamweight title. |
Win | 29–2 | Seung-Kon Chae | TKO | 1 (12), 1:42 | 2000-06-28 | Araneta Coliseum, Quezon City, Metro Manila | Retained WBC International Super Bantamweight title. |
Win | 28–2 | Arnel Barotillo | KO | 4 (12) | 2000-03-04 | Ninoy Aquino Stadium, Manila, Metro Manila | Retained WBC International Super Bantamweight title. |
Win | 27–2 | Reynante Jamili | KO | 2 (12) | 1999-12-18 | Elorde Sports Complex, Parañaque City, Metro Manila | Won WBC International Super Bantamweight title. |
Loss | 26–2 | Medgoen Singsurat | KO | 3 (12), 1:32 | 1999-09-17 | Pakpanag Metropolitan Stadium, Nakhon Si Thammarat | Lost Lineal Flyweight title. Pacquiao was overweight at weigh-in and stripped of WBC Flyweight title. |
Win | 26–1 | Gabriel Mira | TKO | 4 (12), 2:45 | 1999-04-24 | Araneta Coliseum, Quezon City, Metro Manila | Retained Lineal & WBC Flyweight titles. |
Win | 25–1 | Todd Makelim | TKO | 3 (10), 2:52 | 1999-02-20 | Kidapawan City, Cotabato | |
Win | 24–1 | Chatchai Sasakul | KO | 8 (12) | 1998-12-04 | Tonsuk College Ground, Phutthamonthon | Won Lineal & WBC Flyweight titles. |
Win | 23–1 | Shin Terao | TKO | 1 (10), 2:59 | 1998-05-18 | Korakuen Hall, Tokyo | |
Win | 22–1 | Panomdej Ohyuthanakorn | KO | 1 (12), 1:38 | 1997-12-06 | South Cotabato Stadium, Koronadal City, South Cotabato | Retained OPBF Flyweight title. |
Win | 21–1 | Melvin Magramo | UD | (10) | 1997-09-13 | Cebu Coliseum Cebu City, Cebu | |
Win | 20–1 | Chokchai Chockvivat | KO | 5 (12), 2:46 | 1997-06-26 | Mandaluyong City, Metro Manila | Won OPBF Flyweight title. |
Win | 19–1 | Ariel Austria | TKO | 6 (10) | 1997-05-30 | Almendras Gym, Davao City | |
Win | 18–1 | Wook-Ki Lee | KO | 1 (10), 1:04 | 1997-04-24 | Ritsy's, Makati City, Metro Manila | |
Win | 17–1 | Mike Luna | KO | 1 (10), 1:56 | 1997-03-03 | Muntinlupa City, Metro Manila | |
Win | 16–1 | Sung-Yul Lee | TKO | 2 (10) | 1996-12-28 | Muntinlupa City, Metro Manila | |
Win | 15–1 | Ippo Gala | TKO | 2 (10) | 1996-07-27 | Mandaluyong City, Metro Manila | |
Win | 14–1 | Bert Batiller | TKO | 4 (10) | 1996-06-15 | General Santos City, South Cotabato | |
Win | 13–1 | John Medina | TKO | 4 (10) | 1996-05-05 | Malabon City, Metro Manila | |
Win | 12–1 | Marlon Carillo | UD | (10) | 1996-04-27 | Ramada Hotel, Manila, Metro Manila | |
Loss | 11–1 | Rustico Torrecampo | KO | 3 (10), 0:29 | 1996-02-09 | Mandaluyong City, Metro Manila | Pacquiao was one pound over the specified catch weight of 111 lbs. He was penalized by wearing heavier gloves. |
Win | 11–0 | Lito Torrejos | TD | 5 (10) | 1996-01-13 | Parañaque City, Metro Manila | |
Win | 10–0 | Rolando Toyogon | UD | 10 | 1995-12-09 | Sampaloc Metro Manila | |
Win | 9–0 | Rudolfo Fernandez | TKO | 3 (10) | 1995-11-11 | Mandaluyong City, Metro Manila | |
Win | 8–0 | Renato Mendones | TKO | 2 (8) | 1995-10-21 | Puerto Princesa City, Palawan | |
Win | 7–0 | Lolito Laroa | UD | 8 | 1995-10-07 | Makati City, Metro Manila | |
Win | 6–0 | Armando Rocil | KO | 3 (8) | 1995-09-16 | Mandaluyong City, Metro Manila | |
Win | 5–0 | Acasio Simbajon | UD | 6 | 1995-08-03 | Mandaluyong Sports Complex, Mandaluyong City, Metro Manila | |
Win | 4–0 | Dele Decierto | TKO | 2 (6) | 1995-07-01 | Mandaluyong City, Metro Manila | |
Win | 3–0 | Rocky Palma | UD | 6 | 1995-05-01 | Montano Hall, Cavite City, Cavite | |
Win | 2–0 | Pinoy Montejo | UD | 4 | 1995-03-18 | Sablayan, Occidental Mindoro | |
Win | 1–0 | Edmund Enting Ignacio | UD | 4 | 1995-01-22 | Sablayan, Occidental Mindoro | Professional boxing debut at light flyweight. |
Major World Titles:
Minor World Titles:
The Ring/Lineal Championship Titles:
Regional/International Titles:
Special Titles:
Manny Pacquiao | |
---|---|
Born | Emmanuel Dapidran Pacquiao |
Other names | Manny, Pacman |
Occupation | Professional Boxer, Actor, Politician |
Years active | 2000 – Present |
Pacquiao started his acting career as an extra in some local films and guest appearances on ABS-CBN shows.
In December 2005 Pacquiao took his first lead role in Violett Films' Lisensyadong Kamao (Licensed Fist).[122] The movie is titled so because (according to director Tony Bernal), being a Boxer, Pacquiao is licensed to use his hands.[citation needed]
In 2008, Pacquiao starred with Ara Mina and Valerie Concepcion in Anak ng Kumander (Son of Commander). The movie was not a commercial success and was panned by critics.[citation needed]
Pacquiao starred in the superhero/comedy film entitled Wapakman, which was released on December 25, 2009 as an entry to the 2009 Metro Manila Film Festival.[123] Like his previous films, Wapakman was not commercially successful.[124]
Upon the expiration of his contract with ABS-CBN, Pacquiao signed with GMA Network as an actor in September 2007. On December 17, 2007, he taped his first episode of the networks infotainment show Pinoy Records.[125] His other projects with the network included Totoy Bato and the sitcom Show Me Da Manny in which his mother, Dionesia, also appeared.
In 2012, American actor Sylvester Stallone was reportedly in talks with Pacquiao over co-starring in one of Stallone's future films, which is in the planning stages. The project did not push through as no further updates were given after the initial report.[126]
In 2011, Pacquiao appeared on Tosh.0 in which he was paired in a fight with Daniel Tosh. It resulted in Pacquiao winning in one punch.
On May 18, 2012 it was reported that Pacquiao will shoot his first Hollywood film after his June 9 fight with Tim Bradley. He will play a gangster in this movie that will also feature other fighters and martial artists such as Hector Echavarria, Lyoto Machida, Anderson Silva and Frank Mir. Filipino-American Rob Schneider also confirmed the report in an interview that he'll be workign with Pacquiao in a movie. The working title is Brass Knuckles and will be directed by Erick Geisler.[127][128]
Emmanuel D. Pacquiao | |
---|---|
Member of the Philippine House of Representatives from Sarangani's Lone District | |
Incumbent | |
Assumed office June 30, 2010 |
|
Preceded by | Erwin L. Chiongbian |
Personal details | |
Political party | PDP-LABAN (2012–) Liberal Party (2007, 2010–12) Kabalikat ng Malayang Pilipino (2008) Nacionalista Party (2009–10) People's Champ Movement (2010–) |
Residence | Kiamba, Sarangani |
Alma mater | Notre Dame of Dadiangas University |
Profession | Professional Boxer, Actor |
Religion | Evangelical Roman Catholic |
Website | www.congress.gov.ph |
On February 12, 2007, Pacquiao officially announced that he would be running for a seat in the House of Representatives in the May 2007 legislative election as a candidate of the Liberal Party, aiming to represent the 1st District of South Cotabato.[129] Pacquiao, who has been known to be supportive of the administration of President Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo, said that he was persuaded to run by local officials of General Santos City, who hoped he would act as a bridge between their interests and the national government.[129] Pacquiao was defeated in the election by incumbent Rep. Darlene Antonino-Custodio, who said, "More than anything, I think, people weren't prepared to lose him as their boxing icon."[130]
2007 Philippine House of Representatives election at South Cotabato's 1st district | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Party | Candidate | Votes | Percentage | |
NPC | Darlene Antonino-Custodio | 139,061 | 64.49% | |
Liberal | Manny Pacquiao | 75,908 | 35.51% | |
Valid votes | 214,969 | 100.00% | ||
NPC hold |
In September 2008, Pacquiao was sworn in as member of Kabalikat ng Malayang Pilipino (KAMPI), a pro-administration political party.
On November 21, 2009, Pacquiao confirmed that he would run again for the congressional seat, but this time in Sarangani province, the hometown of his wife Jinkee.[131] He originally planned to run for congress under his own party, the People's Champ Movement, but has since joined the Nacionalista Party headed by Manny Villar. Villar said arrangements were made to accommodate Pacquiao’s People’s Champ Movement in a coalition with the Nacionalista Party for the May 2010 elections in Sarangani.[132]
On May 13, 2010, Pacquiao was officially proclaimed congressman of the lone district of Sarangani. He scored a landslide victory over the wealthy and politically well-entrenched Chiongbian clan that had been in power in the province for more than thirty years. Pacquiao got 120,052 votes while his opponent for the seat, Roy Chiongbian, got 60,899 votes.[133]
2010 Philippine House of Representatives election at Sarangani | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Party | Candidate | Votes | Percentage | |||
PCM | Manny Pacquiao | 120,052 | 66.35% | |||
SARRO | Roy Chiongbian | 60,899 | 33.65% | |||
Valid votes | 180,591 | 97.57% | ||||
Invalid or blank votes | 4,499 | 2.43% | ||||
Totals | 180,951 | 100.00% | ||||
PCM gain from SARRO |
On June 28, 2010, Pacquiao took his oath of office as congressman before Supreme Court Associate Justice Antonio T. Carpio in the Provincial Capitol of Sarangani in Municipality of Alabel. He announced that he will transfer to President-elect Benigno “Noynoy” Aquino III's Liberal Party from Nacionalista Party as he wants to ensure the entry of more projects to his province.[134]
Pacquiao later moved to the Partido Demokratiko Pilipino-Lakas ng Bayan (PDP-Laban) led by Vice-President Jejomar Binay. He took his oath on April 16, 2012 in front of PDP-LABAN President and Senator Aquilino Pimentel III and Secretary-General Joey de Venecia in preparation for the upcoming 2013 elections.[135]
A film based on Pacquiao's life, Pacquiao: The Movie, was released on June 21, 2006, featuring Filipino actor Jericho Rosales as Manny Pacquiao and was directed by Joel Lamangan.[136] The film flopped at the box office, grossing a total of only P4,812,191 (approximately US$99,322), as confirmed by Lamangan.
Pacquiao is featured in the boxing video games Fight Night Round 2, Fight Night Round 3, Fight Night Round 4 and Fight Night Champion. EA Sports released a limited edition demo of Fight Night Round 4, featuring Pacquiao and Ricky Hatton prior to their May 2 fight.[137]
Pacquiao became the first Filipino athlete to appear on a postage stamp.[138]
Pacquiao became the first Filipino Olympic non-participant to be Team Philippines’ flag-bearer during the August 8 opening ceremonies of the 2008 Summer Olympics at the Beijing National Stadium. Swimmer Miguel Molina, 2005 Southeast Asian Games’ Best Male Athlete, yielded the honor to Pacquiao, upon the request of President Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo to the national sports officials on the Philippines at the 2008 Summer Olympics.[139]
Pacquiao plays basketball as a cross-training to keep himself in shape. He is playing in the semi-professional basketball league, Liga Pilipinas, with the team he owns, the MP-Gensan Warriors. He made his debut in the Smart-Liga Pilipinas Conference II in January 16, 2009. He wears jersey number 17.[140]
Pacquiao became an honorary member of the Boston Celtics. The honorary membership was bestowed on him in a brief ceremony and he was presented with a replica of a green and white Celtics jersey bearing his name and number 1.[141] As a measure of gratitude, Pacquiao delivered a stockpile of red autographed boxing gloves to TD Garden. On March 10, 2010, prior to the night's game with Memphis Grizzlies, many of the Celtics had a special motivational gift waiting for them in their lockers.[142]
With his popularity, various business sectors have solicited Manny Pacquiao's help in endorsing their products through commercial advertisements in print and in broadcast media. These include detergents, medicines, foods, beverage, garments, telecommunications and even a political ad for politicians during the 2007 and 2010 Philippine elections. His most acclaimed commercials yet were for Nike's "Fast Forward" campaign (alongside Tiger Woods, Kobe Bryant, Maria Sharapova, Roger Federer, Cristiano Ronaldo and Liu Xiang)[143] and San Miguel Beer with Jet Li[144] and Érik Morales.[145]
Pacquiao has been included by Time Magazine as one of the world's most influential people for the year 2009, for his exploits in boxing and his influence among the Filipino people.[146] Pacquiao was also included by Forbes Magazine in its annual Celebrity 100 list for the year 2009, joining Hollywood actress Angelina Jolie and fellow athletes Tiger Woods and Bryant.[147] Forbes also listed Pacquiao as the World's 6th Highest Paid Athlete, with a total of 40 Million Dollars ($40,000,000.00) or 2 Billion Pesos (₱2,000,000,000.00) from the second half of 2008 to the first half of 2009. Tied with him on the sixth spot was the NBA player LeBron James and golfer Phil Mickelson.[148] Pacquiao was again included in Forbes' list of Highest Paid Athletes from the second half of 2009 to the first half of 2010; he was ranked 8th with an income of $42 million.[149] Pacquiao had also won the 2009 ESPY Awards for the Best Fighter category, beating fellow boxer Shane Mosley and Brazilian mixed martial arts fighters Lyoto Machida and Anderson Silva.[150] More recently, ESPN Magazine reported that Pacquiao is one of the two top earning athletes for 2010, alongside American Major League baseball player Alex Rodriguez. According to the magazine's annual salary report of athletes, Pacquiao earned $32 million (approximately PhP 1.38 billion) for his two 2010 boxing matches against Clottey and Margarito.[151]
Pacquiao has also graced the cover of Time Magazine Asia for their November 16, 2009 issue. According to their five-page feature story, "(Pacquiao is) a fighter with enough charisma, intelligence and backstory to help rescue a sport lost in the labyrinth of pay-per-view. Global brands like Nike want him in their ads." They also added, "Pacquiao has a myth of origin equal to that of any Greek or Roman hero. He leaves the Philippines to make it even bigger, conquering the world again and again to bring back riches to his family and friends."[150][152] He became the eighth Filipino to grace the cover of the prestigious magazine, after former Philippine presidents Manuel L. Quezon, Ramon Magsaysay, Ferdinand Marcos, Corazon Aquino, Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo, Benigno Aquino III and Filipino actress and environmentalist Chin Chin Gutierrez. Pacquiao was also featured on the cover of Reader’s Digest Asia, where a seven-page story was written about the Filipino boxing superstar. The issue came out before Pacquiao’s epic match against De La Hoya on November 2008.
International:
National:
Year | Film | Role | Other Notes |
---|---|---|---|
2000 | Di Ko Kayang Tanggapin | Dong | |
2001 | Mahal Kita... Kahit Sino Ka Pa! | ||
2001 | Basagan ng Mukha | Dodong | |
2005 | Lisensyadong Kamao | Ambrosio "Bruce" Lerio | |
2008 | Anak ng Kumander | Kumander Idel | Writer/Producer |
2008 | Brown Soup Thing | Cousin Manny | |
2008 | Pangarap Kong Jackpot | Abel | segment "Sa Ngalan ng Busabos" |
2009 | Wapakman | Magno Meneses/Wapakman | |
Year | Television Shows | Role | Other Notes |
2004 | Walang Bakas | Himself (uncredited) | |
2004 | No Fear: The Manny Pacquiao Story | Himself | Video documentary |
2004 | The People's Champion | Himself | Video documentary |
2005 | Kamao: Matira Ang Matibay | Himself – Host | |
2005 | Ok Fine Whatever | Himself – Guest | |
2006 | Ako ang Simula | Himself | TV documentary |
2007 | The Battle of Cebu: Moment of Truth | Himself – Crowd | |
2009 | Kababayan LA: Manny Pacquiao Specials | Himself | |
2009 | Pinoy Records | Himself – Host | |
2009 | Totoy Bato | Emmanuel | |
2009 | Show Me Da Manny | Manny Santos | |
2009 | Rome is Burning | Himself – Correspondent | Episode dated May 1 |
2009 | Jimmy Kimmel Live | Himself – Guest | Episode dated November 3 |
2009 | MMA H.E.A.T. | Himself | Episode dated November 12 |
2010 | Jimmy Kimmel Live | Himself – Guest | Episode dated March 3 |
2010 | HBO Boxing After Dark | Himself – Audience Member | Episode dated June 18 |
2010 | ESPN Friday Night Fights | Himself | Episode dated July 2 |
2010 | Jimmy Kimmel Live | Himself – Guest | Episode dated November 1 |
2010 | 60 Minutes | Himself – Guest [176] | |
2011 | Manny Many Prizes | Himself – Host |
Manny Pacquiao | |
---|---|
Birth name | Emmanuel D. Pacquiao |
Origin | General Santos City |
Occupations | Boxer, Actor, Singer, Politician |
Years active | 2006–present |
Labels | Star Records MCA Records GMA Records |
Associated acts | Lito Camo Francis Magalona |
Most of the Tagalog songs of Pacquiao were composed by Lito Camo. The following are the songs from Manny Pacquiao's albums:
Wikiquote has a collection of quotations related to: Manny Pacquiao |
Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Manny Pacquiao |
Awards | ||
---|---|---|
Preceded by Roy Jones Jr. |
BWAA Fighter of the Decade 2000–2009 |
Incumbent |
Preceded by Ricky Hatton |
The Ring Fighter of the Year 2006 |
Succeeded by Floyd Mayweather Jr. |
Preceded by Ricky Hatton |
BWAA Fighter of the Year 2006 |
Succeeded by Floyd Mayweather Jr. |
Preceded by Floyd Mayweather Jr. |
The Ring Fighter of the Year 2008, 2009 |
Succeeded by Sergio Gabriel Martínez |
Preceded by Floyd Mayweather Jr. |
BWAA Fighter of the Year 2008, 2009 |
Succeeded by Sergio Gabriel Martínez |
Preceded by Floyd Mayweather Jr. |
Best Fighter ESPY Award 2009 |
Succeeded by Floyd Mayweather Jr. |
Preceded by Floyd Mayweather Jr. |
Best Fighter ESPY Award 2011 |
Incumbent |
Sporting positions | ||
Preceded by Chatchai Sasakul |
WBC Flyweight Champion December 4, 1998 – September 17, 1999 Stripped |
Vacant
Title next held by
Medgoen Singsurat |
Lineal Flyweight Champion December 4, 1998 – September 17, 1999 |
Succeeded by Medgoen Singsurat |
|
Preceded by Lehlohonolo Ledwaba |
IBF Super Bantamweight Champion June 23, 2001 – July 26, 2003 Vacated |
Vacant
Title next held by
Israel Vázquez |
Preceded by Marco Antonio Barrera |
The Ring Featherweight Champion November 15, 2003 – March 19, 2005 Vacated |
Vacant |
Preceded by Juan Manuel Márquez |
WBC Super Featherweight Champion March 15, 2008 – July 16, 2008 Vacated |
Vacant
Title next held by
Humberto Soto |
Vacant
Title last held by
Brian Mitchell |
The Ring Super Featherweight Champion March 15, 2008 – July 16, 2008 Vacated |
Vacant |
Preceded by David Díaz |
WBC Lightweight Champion June 28, 2008 – February 24, 2009 Vacated |
Vacant
Title next held by
Edwin Valero |
Preceded by Ricky Hatton |
IBO Light Welterweight Champion May 2, 2009 – January 15, 2010 Vacated |
Vacant
Title next held by
Chris van Heerden |
The Ring Light Welterweight Champion May 2, 2009 – July 26, 2010 Vacated |
Vacant | |
Preceded by Miguel Ángel Cotto |
WBO Welterweight Champion (Super Champion) November 14, 2009 – present |
Incumbent |
Vacant
Title last held by
Sergio Gabriel Martínez |
WBC Light Middleweight Champion November 13, 2010 – February 8, 2011 Stripped |
Vacant
Title next held by
Saúl Álvarez |
House of Representatives of the Philippines | ||
Preceded by Erwin L. Chiongbian |
Representative, Lone District of Sarangani 2010 – Present |
Incumbent |
Party political offices | ||
New Political Party | Chairman of People's Champ Movement 2009 – Present |
Incumbent |
Antonio Margarito | |
---|---|
File:Miguel-Cotto-Margarito-18 | |
Statistics | |
Real name | Antonio Margarito Montiel |
Nickname(s) | El Tornado de Tijuana Tony The Express Train |
Rated at | Lightweight Light Welterweight Welterweight Light Middleweight |
Height | 5 ft 11 in (1.80 m) |
Reach | 73 in (185 cm) |
Nationality | Mexican American |
Born | Torrance, California, United States |
March 18, 1978
Stance | Orthodox |
Boxing record | |
Total fights | 47 |
Wins | 38 |
Wins by KO | 27 |
Losses | 8 |
Draws | 0 |
No contests | 1 |
Antonio Margarito Montiel (born on March 18, 1978 in Torrance, California) is a Mexican-American professional boxer. He is a former WBA, WBO & IBF Welterweight Champion.[1] Nicknamed El Tornado de Tijuana, he is known for his aggressive fighting style and his iron chin. He is currently trained by former IBF Super Featherweight Champion Roberto García.[2] Antonio also manages IBF Lightweight Champion Miguel Vázquez.[3]
Margarito was in an incident in which his corner was caught tampering with his hand wraps prior to his bout with Shane Mosley. The hand wraps were found by the CSAC to contain sulfur and calcium which, when combined with oxygen, forms Plaster of Paris.[4]
Contents |
He resides in Tijuana, Baja California with his wife Michelle Margarito. He is the brother-in-law of undefeated prospect Hanzel Martinez.[5]
Margarito compiled a record of 18–3 in his relatively brief amateur career, indicating that he may have turned pro quickly due to financial concerns.[6]
Margarito made his debut at the age of 15, beating Jose Trujillo in Tijuana by decision. On April 25 he achieved his first knockout, defeating Victor Angulo in the second round. On October 17 he suffered his first defeat, a six round decision to Victor Lozoya. Over the next six bouts, he went 4–2. Following that, he went 28–2–1, with notable wins over Alfred Ankamah, Juan Soberanes, future World Middleweight Champion Sergio Gabriel Martinez, Buck Smith, David Kamau and Frankie Randall, a former World Light Welterweight Champion who became the first man to beat Julio César Chávez in 91 fights.
On July 21, 2001, he got his first world title try against southpaw Daniel Santos for the WBO Welterweight title at Bayamón, Puerto Rico's Rubén Rodríguez Coliseum. The fight had to be stopped in the first round as a consequence of a clash of heads that opened deep gashes on both fighters and sent them both to a nearby hospital. Because the fight had not gone at least four rounds, a technical decision could not be awarded. The bout was declared a no contest and Santos retained the belt.
Santos then vacated the WBO title to go up in weight and pursue the WBO Light Middleweight Championship and Margarito was assigned to fight Antonio Díaz for the vacant title in front of an HBO Boxing audience. On March 16, 2002, Margarito crowned himself world champion, beating Diaz by knockout in round ten. He defended that crown with a decision in twelve over Danny Perez Ramírez and a knockout in two over former WBA title holder Andrew Lewis. Lewis was a southpaw and a hard puncher, but had been exposed as having a weak chin, while Margarito proved that he has a world class chin. He publicly asked for a unification bout with then WBC and WBA Champion Ricardo Mayorga.
At this point, Margarito considered going up in weight to try to lure Fernando Vargas, Oscar De La Hoya or Shane Mosley into a lucrative fight, or Santos into a rematch at the light middleweight division. On October 17, 2003, Margarito made his light middleweight division debut with a two round knockout win over Maurice Brantley in Phoenix, Arizona.
On January 31, 2004, back in the welterweight division, he retained his title with a second round knockout of Canada's previously undefeated Hercules Kyvelos.
Margarito faced Daniel Santos in a rematch on September 11 of the same year at the José Miguel Agrelot Coliseum in San Juan for Santos' WBO Light Middleweight title. The rematch also ended because of a headbutt, but this time, as the fight had already reached the four rounds mark needed for fights like these to be decided by judges, Margarito lost by a split ten round technical decision. He was down on two scorecards when the fight was stopped.
On April 23, 2005, Margarito retained his WBO welterweight title against another Puerto Rican, undefeated world class puncher Kermit Cintron, dropping him four times on his way to a fifth round knockout. This was regarded as one of his best wins.
After almost a ten month layoff, Margarito returned to the boxing ring on February 18, 2006, retaining his title with a first round knockout of Jaime Manuel Gomez, who had lasted eleven rounds with Mosley for the IBF Lightweight title eight and a half years before.
On December 2, 2006, Margarito defeated future champion Joshua Clottey by a twelve round unanimous decision. Margarito set a Compubox all-time record of 1675 total punches thrown in a twelve round bout.[7]
On July 14, 2007, Margarito lost a 12 round unanimous decision to undefeated challenger Paul Williams, losing his WBO belt. After the bout, Margarito heavily disputed the decision, claiming that he had landed the most meaningful punches. Williams, however, landed the most punches (outhitting Margarito by almost a 2–1 ratio and throwing an average of over 100 punches per round) according to compubox.[8]
On April 12, 2008, Margarito engaged in a rematch with Cintron, who had won the IBF Welterweight title belt following his loss to Margarito in 2005. In the early rounds, Cintron struck Margarito with several flush power shots to the head, but Margarito remained unhurt and continued to execute a game plan of continuously moving forward and pressuring Cintron. In the sixth round, Margarito landed a liver shot, knocking Cintron out and taking the IBF title. As the referee counted Cintron out, HBO cameras captured Margarito from a neutral corner, gesturing upward with his arms and urging Cintron to get up so that the two men could continue fighting for a longer period of time.[9]
Following his successful rematch with Cintron, the IBF ordered him to fight a mandatory defense against the organization's number-one contender, Joshua Clottey, whom Margarito had previously defeated in 2006. Rather than agreeing to a rematch with Clottey, Margarito vacated the IBF title and agreed to a fight with undefeated WBA Welterweight Champion Miguel Cotto of Puerto Rico. The Cotto-Margarito match took place on July 26, 2008, in Las Vegas, Nevada.
Margarito won in the 11th round via technical knockout. Margarito had lost almost all the early rounds, but he came back with relentless pace, eventually winning in the 11th round, in which was one of the fights of the year.[10] At the time of the stoppage, Margarito was ahead by two rounds on two judges' scorecards, with one judge having it even. Prior to his fight with Shane Mosley, Margarito had a record of 37 wins, 5 losses and 1 no contest, with 27 wins by knockout.
Margarito fought Shane Mosley on January 24, 2009 at the Staples Center in Los Angeles, California[11][12] to defend his WBA title and for the vacant Lineal Welterweight Championship of Lineal Champs and Cyber Boxing Zone (CBZ).[13][14] The Ring did not recognize this bout for its vacant Welterweight Championship despite the fact it pitted The Ring #1 ranked welterweight, Antonio Margarito, vs. The Ring #3 ranked welterweight, Shane Mosley. Coming in the bout, Margarito had just stopped the previous The Ring #1 ranked welterweight and current The Ring #2 ranked welterweight, Miguel Cotto.[15] In the fight, Margarito was battered and outclassed by Mosley and lost the fight and his WBA title by 9th round technical knockout.
Controversy erupted before the fight when Mosley's trainer, Naazim Richardson, observed that Margarito had a pasty white substance in his handwraps.[16] One doctor described this material as plaster hidden in the wrapped hands of Margarito, leading to accusations that he may have been trying to cheat. At Richardson's insistence, California State Inspector Dean Lohuis called for Margarito's hands to be rewrapped. According to Judd Burstein, the attorney for Mosley, Margarito had wet pads in the wrapping. Mosley's doctor, Robert Olvera, likened the material to the type of plaster used to make casts. Burstein said he seized the pad removed from the wrapping and another pad found in Margarito's dressing room. Both were placed in a sealed box that was given to Lohuis for further study.[17] The California Department of Justice laboratory later confirmed the substance to be similar in nature to plaster of Paris.[18]
In late January, the California State Athletic Commission suspended Margarito and his trainer, Javier Capetillo, pending investigation.[19] At the hearing, Margarito claimed he did not know what was in the wraps, while Capetillo admitted to making "a big mistake" by placing the wrong inserts into Margarito's hand wraps. The commission voted unanimously to revoke Margarito and Capetillo's licenses for at least one year. While it found Margarito did not know about the gloves, it took the line that as head of the team, he was responsible for Capetillo's actions. Since state boxing commissions generally honor suspensions imposed in other states, this action effectively banned Margarito from boxing in the United States.[20]
In November 2009, it emerged that red stains on the hand wraps Margarito used in the Cotto fight were similar to the stains on the inserts seized before the Mosley fight. This has raised suspicions that Margarito's gloves were loaded for that fight and possibly others as well.[21]
Margarito was scheduled to return to the ring on March 13, 2010 against Carson Jones, pending his relicensing, on the Pacquiao-Clottey undercard. But for reasons unspecified, promoter Top Rank announced he would not return.[22] Margarito expressed interest in fighting Filipino boxer Manny Pacquiao if the latter's bout with Floyd Mayweather did not materialize.
His comeback fight was postponed until May 8 and was held at Aguascalientes, Mexico, where he faced light middleweight contender Roberto García (21–2).[23] Margarito won a ten round unanimous decision over Garcia to capture the vacant WBC International Light Middleweight title.[24][25] The judges’ score cards were 99–89, 100–88 and 99–90, all in favor of Margarito.[26]
On July 23, 2010, Bob Arum announced that Margarito would face Manny Pacquiao for the WBC Light Middleweight Championship that was vacated by current Middleweight Champion Sergio Gabriel Martinez.[27][28] The fight took place on Saturday, November 13, 2010 in Cowboys Stadium in Arlington, Texas, as Margarito got a boxing license in Texas, United States.[29][30] In his Camp for this fight, Margarito had four southpaw sparring partners who are the undefeated; Karim Martínez, Cleotis Pendarvis,[31] number one mandatory for the WBA Light Middleweight title, Austin Trout, and U.S. Olympic Silver Medalist Ricardo Williams.[32][33] Despite having a 17 pound weight advantage, a 4.5 inch height advantage, and a six inch reach advantage, Margarito was dominated by Pacquiao and took a savage, brutal beating.[34] The fight wound up being a unanimous decision loss for Margarito, with the judges' scorecards being 120–108, 119–109, and 118–108.[34][35] Margarito was taken to the hospital directly after the fight where it was discovered that his right orbital bone had been fractured. Surgery had to be postponed to three days later as his face was too swollen to operate on.[36]
Five weeks before the fight, Margarito and boxer Brandon Rios were interviewed by Elie Seckbach and the video taken showed the group mocking Manny Pacquiao's trainer Freddie Roach who has Parkinson's disease.[37][38] On the Thursday before the fight, Margarito publicly apologized to Roach and to everyone suffering from Parkinson's.[37]
On December 3, 2011, Margarito was defeated by Miguel Cotto via TKO by doctor stoppage in the 10th round. The fight was stopped at the start of the 10th round because of the condition of Margarito's right eye, which was swelled shut. This was the same eye that was badly damaged in his previous fight with Manny Pacquiao and the one that almost kept the New York State Athletic Commission from granting him his boxing license because of the special procedure that was performed on it in 2010.
38 Wins (27 knockouts, 11 decisions), 8 Losses (2 knockouts, 6 decisions), 0 Draws[39] | |||||||
Res. | Record | Opponent | Type | Rd., Time | Date | Location | Notes |
Loss | 38–8 1 NC |
Miguel Cotto | TKO | 10 (12) | 2011-12-03 | Madison Square Garden, New York, United States | For WBA (Super) Light Middleweight title. |
Loss | 38–7 1 NC |
Manny Pacquiao | UD | 12 | 2010-11-13 | Cowboys Stadium, Arlington, United States | For vacant WBC Light Middleweight title. |
Win | 38–6 1 NC |
Roberto García | UD | 10 | 2010-05-08 | Plaza de Toros, Aguascalientes, Mexico | Won WBC International Light Middleweight title. |
Loss | 37–6 1 NC |
Shane Mosley | TKO | 9 (12), (0:43) | 2009-01-24 | Staples Center, Los Angeles, United States | Lost WBA (Super) Welterweight title. |
Win | 37–5 1 NC |
Miguel Ángel Cotto | TKO | 11 (12) (2:05) | 2008-07-26 | MGM Grand, Las Vegas, United States | Won WBA Welterweight title. |
Win | 36–5 1 NC |
Kermit Cintrón | KO | 6 (12), (1:57) | 2008-04-12 | Boardwalk Hall, Atlantic City, United States | Won IBF Welterweight title. |
Win | 35–5 1 NC |
Golden Johnson | TKO | 1 (12), (2:28) | 2007-11-10 | Madison Square Garden, New York, United States | Won vacant WBO Inter-Continental Welterweight title. |
Loss | 34–5 1 NC |
Paul Williams | UD | 12 | 2007-07-14 | Home Depot Center, Carson, United States | Lost WBO Welterweight title. |
Win | 34–4 1 NC |
Joshua Clottey | UD | 12 | 2006-12-02 | Boardwalk Hall, Atlantic City, United States | Retained WBO Welterweight title. |
Win | 33–4 1 NC |
Manuel Gomez | TKO | 1 (12), (1:14) | 2006-02-18 | The Aladdin, Las Vegas, United States | Retained WBO Welterweight title. |
Win | 32–4 1 NC |
Kermit Cintrón | TKO | 5 (12), (2:12) | 2005-04-23 | Caesar's Palace, Las Vegas, United States | Retained WBO Welterweight title. |
Win | 31–4 1 NC |
Sebastian Lujan | TKO | 10 (12), (2:57) | 2005-02-18 | Boardwalk Hall, Atlantic City, United States | Retained WBO Welterweight title. |
Loss | 30–4 1 NC |
Daniel Santos | TD | 10 (12), (3:00) | 2004-09-11 | Coliseo Jose Miguel Agrelot, Hato Rey, Puerto Rico | For WBO Light Middleweight title. |
Win | 30–3 1 NC |
Hercules Kyvelos | TD | 2 (12), (0:54) | 2004-01-31 | Dodge Theater, Phoenix, United States | Retained WBO Welterweight title. |
Win | 29–3 1 NC |
Maurice Brantley | TKO | 2 (10), (2:47) | 2003-10-17 | Celebrity Theater, Phoenix, United States | |
Win | 28–3 1 NC |
Andrew Lewis | TD | 2 (12), (2:31) | 2003-02-08 | Mandalay Bay Las Vegas, United States | Retained WBO Welterweight title. |
Win | 27–3 1 NC |
Danny Perez | UD | 12 | 2002-10-12 | Arrowhead Pond, Anaheim, Anaheim, United States | Retained WBO Welterweight title. |
Win | 26–3 1 NC |
Antonio Díaz | TKO | 10 (12), (2:17) | 2002-03-16 | Bally, Las Vegas, United States | Won vacant WBO Welterweight title. |
NC | 26–3 1 NC |
Daniel Santos | NC | 1 (12), (2:11) | 2001-07-21 | Coliseo Ruben Rodriguez, Bayamon, Puerto Rico | For WBO Welterweight title. |
Win | 25–3 | Robert West | KO | 1 (10), (2:19) | 2001-03-30 | Convention Center, Fort Worth, United States | |
Win | 24–3 | Frankie Randall | RTD | 4 (10) | 2000-12-10 | Memphis, United States | |
Win | 23–3 | José Luis Benítez | TKO | 1 (4), (1:06) | 2000-09-17 | El Gran Mercado, Phoenix, United States | |
Win | 22–3 | David Kamau | TKO | 2 (12), 2:59 | 2000-06-16 | Fantasy Springs Casino, Indio, United States | Won WBO NABO Welterweight title. |
Win | 21–3 | Sergio Martinez | TKO | 7 (10), (2:57) | 2000-02-19 | Mandalay Bay, Las Vegas, United States | |
Win | 20–3 | Efrain Munoz | KO | 2 (10), ?:?? | 1999-12-15 | Quiet Cannon, Montebello, United States | |
Win | 19–3 | Buck Smith | TKO | 5 (8), ?:?? | 1999-10-23 | Will Rogers Coliseum, Fort Worth, United States | |
Win | 18–3 | Danny Perez | SD | 8 | 1999-06-12 | Fantasy Springs Casino, Indio, United States | |
Win | 17–3 | Daniel Mendez | KO | 3 (?), ?:?? | 1999-06-07 | Auditorio Municipal, Tijuana, Mexico | |
Win | 16–3 | Reyes Estrada | KO | 2 (?), ?:?? | 1998-12-04 | Auditorio Municipal Tijuana, Mexico | |
Win | 15–3 | Francisco Méndez | KO | 10 (?), ?:?? | 1998-06-27 | Fantasy Springs Casino, Indio, United States | |
Win | 14–3 | Miguel González | UD | 8 | 1998-04-24 | Scottish Rite Center, San Diego, United States | |
Win | 13–3 | César Valdez | TKO | 5 (10), ?:?? | 1997-11-29 | Orleans Hotel, Las Vegas, United States | |
Win | 12–3 | Horatio García | UD | 10 | 1997-06-26 | Country Club, Reseda, United States | |
Win | 11–3 | Juan Soberanes | UD | 10 | 1996-12-02 | The Pond, Anaheim, United States | |
Win | 10–3 | Alfred Ankamah | TKO | 4 (10) | 1996-10-14 | Honda Center, Anaheim, United States | |
Loss | 9–3 | Rodney Jones | UD | 10 | 1996-06-28 | Culver City, United States | |
Win | 9–2 | Yoani Cervantes | KO | 4 (10), ?:?? | 1996-04-18 | Los Angeles, United States | |
Loss | 8–2 | Larry Dixon | UD | 10 | 1996-02-26 | Tijuana, Mexico | |
Win | 8–1 | Antonio Ojeda | KO | 4 (?), ?:?? | 1995-09-10 | Tijuana, Mexico | |
Win | 7–1 | Carlos Palafox | PTS | 4 | 1995-03-18 | Tijuana, Mexico | |
Win | 6–1 | Efrain Muñoz | PTS | 4 | 1995-01-26 | Tijuana, Mexico | |
Loss | 5–1 | Victor Lozoya | PTS | 6 | 1994-10-17 | Tijuana, Mexico | |
Win | 5–0 | Francisco López | TKO | 3 (4), ?:?? | 1994-08-05 | Ensenada, Mexico | |
Win | 4–0 | Cesar Roland | KO | 1 (4), ?:?? | 1994-06-27 | Tijuana, Mexico | |
Win | 3–0 | Victor Angulo | TKO | 4 (4), ?:?? | 1994-04-25 | Tijuana, Mexico | |
Win | 2–0 | Gilberto Plata | UD | 4 | 1994-01-21 | Tijuana, Mexico | |
Win | 1–0 | Jose Trujillo | UD | 4 | 1994-01-14 | Tijuana, Mexico | Margarito's professional debut. |
Major World Titles:
Regional/International Titles:
Awards and achievements | ||
---|---|---|
Preceded by Daniel Santos Vacated |
WBO Welterweight Champion March 13, 2002 – July 14, 2007 |
Succeeded by Paul Williams |
Preceded by Kermit Cintron |
IBF Welterweight Champion April 12, 2008 – July 23, 2008 Vacated |
Vacant
Title next held by
Joshua Clottey |
Preceded by Miguel Cotto |
WBA Welterweight Champion 26 July 2008 – 3 October 2008 Promoted |
Vacant
Title next held by
Yuriy Nuzhnenkoas Regular Champion |
Vacant
Title last held by
Zab Judah |
WBA Welterweight Super Champion October 3, 2008 – January 24, 2009 |
Succeeded by Shane Mosley |
Max Kellerman | |
---|---|
Born | New York, New York, U.S. |
August 6, 1973
Occupation | Radio host, sports journalist |
Spouse | Erin |
Website | |
HBO Boxing bio |
Max Kellerman (born August 6, 1973) is an American boxing commentator and sports talk radio host based in Los Angeles. He appears as a color commentator on HBO World Championship Boxing and HBO Boxing After Dark and as of January 3, 2011, is hosting a midday talk show on 710 ESPN radio in Los Angeles.
Kellerman was previously best known for his work at ESPN, where he was a studio commentator with Brian Kenny on Friday Night Fights and the original host of Around the Horn.
Contents |
His first broadcasting experience was on a New York City public-access television cable TV program on professional boxing called "Max on Boxing". In the late 1990s after graduating from Columbia University with a degree in history, Kellerman became an analyst on ESPN's boxing series Friday Night Fights and beginning in November 2002 hosted ESPN's Around the Horn. However, Kellerman and ESPN could not reach an agreement for him to remain with the network, and Kellerman left the network in early 2004. He was promptly hired by Fox Sports Net and went on to host a new show with FSN called I, Max that first aired on May 10, 2004. He would discuss sports news with Michael Holley, former Around the Horn panelist, and Bill Wolff. Max took time off from the show after his brother's death (see below). He later returned, but despite his show garnering the network's highest ratings for a period of time, it was cancelled by Fox. There are disputes as to why this occurred, with some citing the show's low ratings, while Kellerman has attributed it to conflicts with network executives. The last I, Max show aired on February 18, 2005. Max also was the co-host of Spike TV's 2006 series, King of Vegas.
In 2005, Tucker Carlson announced that Kellerman would be a permanent contributor on his MSNBC show Tucker. On a segment of the show called "The Outsider", Kellerman generally took the position selected by Carlson. Frequently, Carlson introduced Kellerman with a bio containing a humorously enthusiastic compliment. The show was cancelled in March 2008.
Starting in the week of August 21, 2006, Kellerman did at least two nights of audition shows at 7 PM for WEPN (1050) 1050 ESPN Radio in New York City, hosting one night with Sid Rosenberg. On August 28, 2006 it was announced that Brandon Tierney would be taking over at 7 PM, which temporarily left Kellerman without a timeslot. On October 23, 2006, Max began hosting the 10 AM to noon program on WEPN, replacing ESPN's nationally broadcast Colin Cowherd program. In September 2007, Kellerman began hosting a third hour, extending the show to 1 pm. Two months later, ESPNEWS and SportsCenter host Brian Kenny joined the show as co-host. On February 4, 2008, the show was added to XM Radio on ESPN Xtra. In the fall of 2008, Kenny left the radio program to attend to his SportsCenter duties and the program was again named The Max Kellerman Show.
Kellerman and ESPN radio mutually ended their relationship on March 9, 2009. Evening host Brandon Tierney temporarily filled in Kellerman, and Colin Cowherd has taken his timeslot.[1][2]
Kellerman continues his boxing broadcast work, now working at HBO. He was originally hired for the network's Boxing After Dark telecasts, working alongside Fran Charles and Lennox Lewis. In 2007, Kellerman moved up to the HBO World Championship Boxing main team alongside Jim Lampley, Harold Lederman, and a rotating guest analyst, usually Roy Jones Jr. or Emmanuel Steward.
On May 12, 2010, it was announced Kellerman had been hired by CNN: "Kellerman will weigh in on sports and pop culture issues on CNN American Morning and other programs. He has previously served as a contributor to MSNBC."[3]
Kellerman was announced in December 2010 as the new midday host at 710 ESPN alongside co-host Marcellus Wiley, replacing LA Sports Live with Andrew Siciliano and former NBA player Mychal Thompson. Program director Mike Thompson (no relation to Mychal Thompson), who hired Kellerman, had worked with Kellerman at WEPN.[4]
Kellerman made a brief appearance in Rocky Balboa alongside Lampley and Merchant, who served as the broadcast team for the fight between Rocky and Mason Dixon.
Max played himself in the short film "The Wedding Bout." [5]
Kellerman is a proponent of Sabermetrics and has hosted many practicing sabermetricians on his radio show. He also believes that Roger Maris should still be considered the single-season home run record holder at 61 because of steroid accusations towards players such as Barry Bonds, Mark McGwire and Sammy Sosa.[citation needed]
Among his all-time favorite fighters are Pernell Whitaker, Willie Pep and Harry Greb. Max is also a strong proponent of only using the Ring Magazine championship rankings as opposed to those of the major boxing sanctioning organizations which he has often described as corrupt. However, Kellerman does not mention the Ring Magazine championship by name while broadcasting for HBO, preferring euphemisms (e.g. a fighter who holds the Ring Magazine championship may be referred to by Kellerman as "the true world champion").
Kellerman graduated from New York City's Hunter College High School and, later, Columbia College in 1998. He attended P.S. 41 [6] in Greenwich Village. He is married to a woman he has referred to as "Trixie" on his ESPN radio show. Her real name is Erin, maiden name Manning, as he pointed out in episode 1 of his webcast Max Kellerman Soldiers., and, according to Max, she is a lawyer. He has pointed out on numerous occasions on Tucker that "Max" is not short for anything, and that he does not have a middle name. Also on that show, Kellerman described himself as atheist. Despite this, he is active in Jewish cultural activities and, according to The Forward, is fluent in Yiddish. Max is an avid hip-hop fan, evidenced by his intro music on his ESPN Radio show. Max's favorite artists include the Wu Tang Clan, having stated on his radio show that Raekwon's Only Built 4 Cuban Linx… album is one of his favorite albums. Max was also a member of a hip hop group with his brother Sam and under the name "Max and Sam". They were signed under Columbia records in 1994 and they recorded at least one video entitled "Young Man Rumble", which can be found on YouTube. On June 18, 2008, Max announced on Kellerman and Kenny that his wife Erin is pregnant with their first child, Esther.[citation needed]
Kellerman has a small permanent scar on the left side of his mouth from a childhood accident. An article in Sports Illustrated said it resulted from his fooling around near an electrical outlet as a child. He has confirmed this on his radio show.[7]
Kellerman's off-topic tangents often involve food: He frequently extols the "bacon, egg, and cheese on a roll" from a local delicatessen near his Washington Square neighborhood in New York City.[citation needed]
On October 17, 2004, the body of Max's brother Sam was found near a hammer in his Hollywood apartment. As a result of the ensuing investigation, former boxer James Butler was arrested and charged with Sam's murder. He later confessed to the murder and was given a 29 year sentence.[8]